Physics 11 Course Review – Sample questions and additional practice

Physics 11 Course Review – Sample questions and additional practice
Unit 1 – Motion and Forces
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
1.
The term "uniform motion" means
a. acceleration is constant
d.
b. speed is constant
e.
c. velocity is constant
displacement is constant
velocity is zero
____
2.
An 80.4-km trip takes a time of 0.75 h to complete. The average speed, expressed in the correct manner, is
a. 107.2 km/h
d. 1 × 102 km/h
2
b. 1.072 × 10 km/h
e. 1.1 × 102 km/h
c. 29.8 m/s
____
3.
The slope of a position-time graph always represents
a. displacement
d. change in velocity
b. distance
e. acceleration
c. velocity
____
4.
The area under a velocity-time graph always represents
a. displacement
d. acceleration
b. change in velocity
e. change in acceleration
c. distance
____
5.
true?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
The velocity-time graph pictured below depicts the motion of a motorcycle. Which of the following statements is
The motorcycle is always experiencing an acceleration.
The motorcycle's greatest speed occurs toward the end of the recorded time interval.
The motorcycle's average acceleration is zero.
The motorcycle eventually reaches uniform motion.
The motorcycle accelerates until it reaches a constant speed.
____
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Consider the following velocity-time graph and select the statement that is true.
At no time can the motion be considered "uniform."
The object returns to its original position.
The object travels in one direction and then the other.
The object is accelerating throughout the entire recorded time.
The object speeds up and later slows down.
____
a.
b.
c.
6.
7.
A
B
C
Which of the following velocity-time graphs represents the motion of a ball thrown vertically upward?
d.
e.
D
E
____
8.
A ball is thrown vertically upward into the air. Which of the following acceleration-time graphs represents the
ball's motion?
a.
b.
c.
A
B
C
____
9.
group?
a.
b.
c.
A
B
C
d.
e.
D
E
Four of the five graphs pictured below could all represent the same motion. Which graph does not belong to this
d.
e.
D
E
____
10.
You set out in a canoe from the east shore of a south-flowing river. To maximize your velocity relative to the
shore you should point your boat
a. north
d. south
b. east
e. southeast
c. west
____
11.
A pilot flies to a destination due north from the departure point. During the flight there is a wind blowing from
the west. What direction must the pilot point the plane during the flight?
a. due east
d. due west
b. east of north
e. west of north
c. due north
____
12.
A cyclist rides a bicycle 4.0 km west, then 3.0 km north. What is the cyclist's displacement?
a. 7.0 km [37° N of W]
d. 5.0 km [37° W of N]
b. 7.0 km [37° W of N]
e. 1.0 km [37° W of N]
c. 5.0 km [37° N of W]
____
13.
A taxi cab drives 2.0 km [W], then 3.0 km [N], then 4.0 km [W], and finally 5.0 km [N]. The entire trip takes
0.30 h. What is the taxi's average velocity?
a. 47 km/h [53° W of N]
d. 33 km/h [53° W of N]
b. 47 km/h [53° N of W]
e. 10 km/h [53° W of N]
c. 33 km/h [53° N of W]
____
14.
Over a period of 3.0 s a car's velocity changes from 18 m/s [W] to 12 m/s [W]. What is the value of the car's
acceleration during this time?
a. 2.0 m/s2 [E]
d. 10 m/s2 [E]
2
b. 10 m/s [W]
e. 2.0 m/s [E]
c. 2.0 m/s2 [W]
____
15.
A motorcycle accelerates from rest at 6.0 m/s2. How much farther will it travel during the second 3.0 s of its
motion than during the first 3.0 s?
a. 98 m
d. 27 m
b. 81 m
e. 15 m
c. 54 m
____
16.
An object is thrown vertically upward at 25.0 m/s. If it experiences an acceleration due to gravity of 9.8 m/s2
[down], what is the object's velocity 3.0 s later?
a. 22 m/s [down]
d. 4 m/s [down]
b. 22 m/s [up]
e. zero (it has hit the ground)
c. 4 m/s [up]
____
17.
A stone is thrown vertically downward with a speed of 10 m/s from a bridge. Accelerating under gravity (9.8
m/s2), the stone strikes the water 1.8 s later. From what height above the water was the stone thrown? (Assume 2 significant
digits.)
a. 50 m
d. 15 m
b. 34 m
e. 3 m
c. 27 m
____
18.
A ball is thrown vertically downward from a window. Accelerating under gravity (9.8 m/s2), the ball hits the
ground 2.6 s later with a speed of 20.0 m/s. From what height above the ground was it thrown?
a. 85 m
d. 19 m
b. 39 m
e. 10 m
c. 29 m
____
19.
Which of the following fundamental forces has the shortest range?
a. gravitational
d. strong nuclear
b. electromagnetic
e. They have equal ranges.
c. weak nuclear
____
20.
When you place your hand on a desk, the pressure you feel against your hand results from
a. the gravitational force
b. the strong nuclear force
c. the weak nuclear force
d. the electromagnetic force
e. a combination of the weak and strong nuclear forces
____
21.
A curling stone is pushed along the ice surface during its delivery. Which of the following free-body diagrams
best represents the curling stone?
a.
b.
c.
A
B
C
d.
e.
D
E
____
22.
An elevator is suspended by a cable and moves upward. Which of the following free-body diagrams best
represents the forces acting on the elevator?
a.
b.
c.
A
B
C
d.
e.
D
E
____
23.
The free-body diagram below represents a 200-g rock suspended by a string. What is the rock's acceleration?
(Assume 2 significant digits.)
a.
b.
c.
6.2 m/s2 [up]
33 m/s2 [down]
0.25 m/s2 [down]
d.
e.
6.2 x 10–3 m/s2 [up]
the rock does not accelerate
____
24.
A car is travelling with uniform motion with a total frictional resistance of 2.8 × 103 N acting in a direction
opposite to the motion of the car. What is the force acting on the car in the direction of motion?
d. less than 2.8 × 103 N
a. much greater than 2.8 × 103 N
3
b. greater than 2.8 × 10 N
e. much less than 2.8 × 103 N
3
c. exactly equal to 2.8 × 10 N
____
25.
The free-body diagram shown below depicts the forces acting on an object. If the object is to accelerate to the
north, in what direction must an additional force be applied?
a.
b.
c.
north
northeast
northwest
d.
e.
southeast
southwest
____
26.
Which of the following observations is explained by Newton's first law?
a. kicking your feet against something solid to remove snow from your boots
b. feeling as though you're being rocked from side-to-side on a roller coaster
c. an apple hanging motionless from the limb of a tree
d. feeling as though your head jerks backward when pulling away at green light
e. all of the above
____
27.
A heavy crate is pushed across a rough surface. The force that is ultimately responsible for the crate's motion is
the
a. applied force
d. net force
b. frictional force
e. normal force
c. gravitational force
____
28.
A 2.5 × 103 kg car is travelling due west at 30 m/s when the brakes are applied, exerting a force of 5.0 × 103 N
[E]. What is the car's acceleration due to the braking?
a. 2.0 m/s2 [W]
d. 15 m/s2 [E]
2
b. 2.0 m/s [E]
e. 2.0 m/s [E]
c. 15 m/s2 [W]
____
29.
If the force of gravity that the earth exerts on you is considered to be the action force then, according to Newton's
third law, the corresponding reaction force would be the
a. normal force of the Earth acting upward on you
b. force your feet exert downward on the Earth
c. force of gravity you exert on the Earth
d. force you exert on your feet, pressing them against the Earth
e. force of gravity the Earth exerts on everything else
____
30.
A rocket accelerates upward and the thrust of the engines overcome the frictional forces and the gravity acting
against the rocket. Which of Newton's laws of motion best explains this situation?
a. Newton's first law
b. Newton's second law
c. Newton's third law
d. Newton's law of universal gravitation
e. All the laws combine to explain this situation.
____
31.
Which of the following graphs best represents the relationship between the gravitational force, F, that Earth
exerts and the mass, m, of an object sitting at Earth's surface, that the force is exerted upon?
a.
b.
c.
A
B
C
d.
e.
D
E
____
32.
Which of the following graphs best depicts the relationship between the gravitational force, F, that two masses
exert on one another and the distance, d, which separates their centres of mass?
a.
b.
c.
A
B
C
d.
e.
D
E
____
33.
The gravitational field strength of Earth
a. has a value of 9.8 N/kg [down] at all locations on its surface
b. is greater at the equator than at the poles
c. is smallest at the peak of Mount Everest, the highest elevation
d. is largest at the deepest spot on the ocean floor
e. is largest at the poles
____
34.
1.6 N/kg?
a. 60 kg
b. 96 kg
c. 98 kg
How much would a 60-kg person weigh on the Moon where the gravitational field strength has a magnitude of
d.
e.
98 N
96 N
____
35.
Your weight on board an orbiting space station would be
a. normal
d. slightly greater than normal
b. only slightly less than normal
e. zero
c. much less than normal
____
36.
Objects onboard an orbiting space station appear to be "floating" because
a. they're falling together
b. they're weightless
c. they're outside Earth's gravitational pull
d. they're in the vacuum of space
e. they're in the gravitational field of the Moon
____
37.
If Earth was twice its present mass, but its size was not changed, you would weigh
a. half as much
d. one-quarter as much
b. twice as much
e. the same amount
c. four times as much
____
38.
Which of the following statements concerning gravitational fields is true?
a. Only very massive objects have gravitational fields.
b. The gravitational field strength of an object is one-quarter as great at twice the distance from the
object's centre.
c. The strength of an object's gravitational field is inversely proportional to its mass.
d. The strength of an object's gravitational field is inversely proportional to the square of its mass.
e. The strength of an object's gravitational field is inversely proportional to the distance from the
object's centre.
____
39.
The force of friction always acts in a direction exactly opposite to the
a. applied force
d. normal force
b. net force
e. motion
c. gravitational force
____
40.
A chalk brush sits on a metre stick as pictured in the diagram. As one end of the metre stick is elevated, the chalk
brush eventually begins to slide. Why?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
The coefficient of friction changes.
The gravitational force on the brush changes.
The normal force on the brush changes.
The gravitational force begins to act along the metre stick.
An applied force is created.
Physics Review
Motion and Forces - Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS:
C
21. ANS:
E
2. ANS:
E
22. ANS:
A
3. ANS:
C
23. ANS:
A
4. ANS:
A
24. ANS:
C
5. ANS:
A
25. ANS:
B
6. ANS:
E
26. ANS:
E
7. ANS:
B
27. ANS:
D
8. ANS:
D
28. ANS:
B
9. ANS:
C
29. ANS:
C
10. ANS:
D
30. ANS:
B
11. ANS:
E
31. ANS:
C
12. ANS:
C
32. ANS:
A
13. ANS:
C
33. ANS:
E
14. ANS:
A
34. ANS:
E
15. ANS:
C
35. ANS:
B
16. ANS:
D
36. ANS:
A
17. ANS:
B
37. ANS:
B
18. ANS:
D
38. ANS:
B
19. ANS:
C
39. ANS:
E
20. ANS:
D
40. ANS:
C