Skagerrak 4 Excellent benefits through interconnections

Skagerrak 4
Excellent benefits through interconnections
Oslo
Kristiansand
Gothenburg
Tjele
Copenhagen
The new link will boost transmission capacity between the
mainly hydroelectric-based Norwegian system and the
wind and thermal power-based Danish system by an additional 715 MW. It will enable both networks to add more
renewable energy to their energy mix, and to use electricity
more efficiently.
With the Skagerrak 4 link, Norway and Denmark will have a
total power exchange possibility of 1,655 MW. The link goes
between Kristansand, in southern Norway, and Tjele on Denmark’s Jutland peninsula. The link is owned by Statnett in
Norway, and Energinet.dk in Denmark.
Data
Commissioning year: Pole 4: 2014
Pole 3: 1993
Pole 1& 2: 1976-77
Power rating: Pole 4: 715 MW
Pole 3: 440 MW,
Pole 1+2: 500 MW
No. of poles: 4 (2 bipoles)
AC voltage for Pole 4: 400 kV (Kristiansand), 400 kV (Tjele)
DC voltage: Pole 4: 500 kV (HVDC Light)
Pole 3: 350 kV (HVDC CLassic)
Pole 1&2: 250 kV (HVDC Classic)
Length of DC submarine cable routes: Skagerrak 4: 140 km
The Skagerrak 4 HVDC Light link will be operated in a bipole
configuration with the Skagerrak 3 HVDC Classic link. This is
the first time a Classic and a Light link will be tied together in
such a bipole configuration. This is possible due to the
advanced MACH2 control system, which is used in over 700
HVDC and FACTS installations world-wide, also used for the
Skagerrak 1-2 upgrade in 2007.
The system will help overcome distance and grid constraints
while ensuring robust performance, power quality and minimal
electrical losses. In the rare case of complete power system
outage, the technology’s ‘black-start’ capability allows for a
fast network restoration using power from the other end of the
link. These factors were essential in the selection of the HVDC
Light technology.
Skagerrak 1-3: 127 km,
Lenth of DC land cable route: Skagerrak 4: 104 km
Length of DC overhead line: Skagerrak 1-3: 113 km
Main reason for choosing HVDC: Length of sea crossing, asynchronous link.
For pole 4, HVDC Light was chosen for its premier power quality features.
ABB will design, supply and commission two 715 MW (megawatt) converter stations located at both ends of the 244-km
long interconnection, and will be situated at the same site as
the existing converter stations for Skagerrak 1-3, previously
supplied by ABB, in Kristiansand, Norway and Tjele, Denmark.
The project is scheduled for commissioning in 2014.
ABB has been in the forefront of HVDC technology since 1954
and has an unparalleled history of supplying HVDC transmission schemes to the benefit of its customers. Today ABB has
installed close to 60,000 MW in over 70 projects all over the world.
The proven HVDC Light extruded cable technology is used that
simplifies installation on land and on sea allowing very short
time for cable jointing. The oil-free cables minimize the environmental impact on sea and on land.
DC voltage kV Station location
www.abb.com/hvdc
Project
In service
Power MW
Transmission
Application
Customer
Hällsjön
1997
3
± 10
Hällsjön, 10 kV
10 km
Pilot system
VB Elnät, Sweden
Grängesberg, 10 kV
(overhead)
1999
50
± 80
Näs, 77 kV
70 km
Wind,
GEAB,
Undergrounding
Sweden
65 km
Undergrounding
TransEnergy, USA
4,4 km
Wind,
Eltra, Denmark
Sweden
Gotland
Sweden
Directlink
Bäcks, 77 kV
2000
3 x 60
± 80
Australia
Tjæreborg
Mullumbimby, 132 kV
2000
7,2
±9
2000
36
±15,9
2002
330
±150
Denmark
Eagle Pass
USA
Murraylink
2002
220
±150
2005
2 x 41
± 60
2006
350
±150
2011
78
150
2009
400
±150
(both sides)
(back-to-back)
New Haven, 345 kV
40 km
Grid reliability
TransEnergie US,
180 km
Undergrounding
67 km
Offshore
Statoil, Norway
105 km
Grid reliability,
Nordic Energy Link AS,
Undergrounding
Estonia
292 km
Offshore
BP, Norway
200 km
Offshore wind
TenneT Offshore GmbH
Zambezi, 330 kV
950 km
Grid reliability
Gerus, 400 kV
(overhead)
Woodland, 400 kV
256 km
Berri, 132 kV
USA
Troll A, 56 kV
TransEnergie US,
USA
Espoo, 400 kV
Lista, 300 kV
Diele, 380 kV
BorWin Alpha, 170 kV
2010
300
350
Namibia
East-West
AEP, USA
Valhall, 11 kV
Germany
Caprivi Link
Grid reliability
Harku, 330 kV
Norway
BorWin1
NA
Kollsnes, 132 kV
Estonia-Finland
Valhall
Undergrounding
Eagle Pass, 138 kV
Red Cliffs, 220 kV
Norway
Estlink
North Power, Australia
Shoreham, 138 kV
Australia
Troll A
Enge, 10,5 kV
Tjaereborg, 10,5 kV
USA
Cross Sound
Terranora, 110 kV
2012
500
± 200
Interconnector
Germany
NamPower,
Namibia
Grid interconnection
Deeside, 400 kV
EirGrid,
Ireland
Irland-UK
DolWin1
2013
800
± 320
Germany
NordBalt
Dörpen West, 380 kV
165 km
Offshore wind
450 km
Grid interconnection
DolWin alpha, 155 kV
2015
700
± 300
Klaipeda, 330 kV
Germany
Nybro, 400 kV
Sweden
Lithuania
2014
700
500
Norway
Kristiansand and
244 km
Grid interconnection
Tjele, 400 kV
Statnett, Norway
Energinet.dk,
Denmark
Denmark
DolWin2
SvK, Sweden
LITGRID turtas,
Lithuania
Skagerrak 4
TenneT Offshore GmbH
2015
Germany
ABB AB
Grid Systems - HVDC
SE-771 80 Ludvika, Sweden
Tel: + 46 240 78 20 00
Fax: +46 240 61 11 59
www.abb.com/hvdc
900
±320
Dörpen-West 380kV
DolWin beta 155 kV
135 km
Grid interconnection
TenneT Offshore GmbH,
Germany
POW-0074 rev.0
HVDC Light ® systems (Voltage Source Converters and the
extruded polymeric DC cable), have now been implemented in
23 converter stations. More than 2,000 km of extruded polymeric DC cables have been installed. HVDC Light can also be
supplied with overhead lines.