Puma Aero Marine is starting to design and

May 2015
THE BOSS HEAVY LIFT DRONE COAXIAL HELICOPTER: (VTOL-UAV)
BOSS VTOL-UAV OBJECTIVES:
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Provide a rugged, stable, quiet, and cost effective all weather heavy lift platform to
handle a wide variance of payloads. Puma Aero Marine’s “BOSS” coaxial helicopter
heavy lift drone (VTOL-UAV) is to perform the following missions and many more:
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Heavy Exterior lifts (mobile sky crane loads to 1,206.3 kg./2,660 lbs./ 1.2 Metric Tons
Law Enforcement
SAR search & rescue of personnel and/or animals
Agricultural: aerial application using Variable Rate Technology
Surveillance: Sea Hawk SHN-X9 Radar for detecting oil spills and/or surface ice
Aerial firefighting: For rapid initial attack air tanker missions
Airborne Laser Mine Detection System
Seafood harvesting platform for side scan sonar devices to detect sea life
Tree cutting back and trimming
VHF/UHF or Microwave airborne commutations repeater
High intensity LED Night Lighting for any tactical operation
Early warning Airborne Doppler Weather Radar
Wind Turbine & Power Line cleaning and De-icing
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Puma Aero Marine of Florida has developed an inexpensive, reliable, environmentally
friendly line of COAXIAL VTOL-UAV (drone helicopter) platforms. Puma Aero Marine
has designed the standard lift “PUMA” VTOL-UAV primarily for missions requiring a
sensor platform and extended duration flights. The “BOSS” is designed for missions
that require heavy lift capabilities. This can include missions that require large sensor
packages, sky crane lift duties, agricultural, firefighting and search/rescue missions.
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The “PUMA” and the “BOSS” are designed to be easily operated by anyone with
computer gaming skills. Both the “PUMA” and the “BOSS” VTOL-UAV receive their
commands from a computer keyboard and override control by a fly-by-wire joystick.
Their operation could be from any operational base, dispatch center, mobile truck
based unit, a vessel or carry around hand held unit.
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The “PUMA” VTOL-UAV design is complete. Puma Aero Marine is now gearing up
for dynamic endurance testing of a full scale transmission and rotor head with blades.
The next stage is to build and complete test flying prototypes after completion of the
endurance testing. The prototypes and any initial production models will require
approximately three months flight and support equipment evaluations. These tests
are to be conducted in the Caribbean from ship & shore and in the high, hot desert.
Puma Aero Marine
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The original objective was to hold the “BOSS” heavy lift VTOL-UAV price per unit to
approximately $400,000 USD which includes the base station. Additional units
operating from the original base station cost is approximately $350,000 USD for each
additional unit. (Puma VTOL-UAVs are supplied with training and support. No
Helicopter Piloting Skills are Required).
Background:
Since the 60’s Puma Aero Marine personnel have been working
with Sikorsky ASW SH-3 Helicopters, the autonomous QH-50 Coaxial ASW VTOL-UAV Drone Helicopters, Lockheed’s MODEL
286/XH-51A Rigid Rotor Helicopter and Ryan supersonic jet drones
while in the US Navy. Presently we are providing engineering and
equipping of rotary and fix wing aircraft to the police for Tactical
Operations.
Since the 70’s, personnel have been working in U.S. Law
Enforcement with POST Certifications (Peace Officer Standards & Training) in Executive
Administration and Operational areas (Patrol, Intelligence, Training, Tactical Teams,
Investigations etc.). Acted as a consultant with the International Criminal Investigative
Training Assistance Program (ICITAP) under the US Department of Justice with experience
in African, Asian, and European countries. The ICITAP works with foreign governments to
develop professional and transparent law enforcement institutions that protect human rights,
combat corruption, and reduce the threat of transnational crime and terrorism.
Puma VTOL-UAV Overview:
A Coaxial Rotor System (double header) decreases the size of the rotor blades and lowers
rotor speed. There is no tail rotor required so there is no tail rotor noise, leading to an ultra
quiet helicopter. The Coaxial helicopter is very stable and has lower rotor vibration and
noise, making the Puma a great platform for Heavy lifting, Agricultural crop dusting
applications, Surveillance duties, and Aerial firefighting.
The “BOSS” has an extremely low operating cost of about $185 USD per hour vs. $1,750
USD for a manned helicopter or crop dusting aircraft. Plus, the “BOSS” is easy to set up and
simple to operate for the “average person” with only minimal training required.
Law enforcement agencies are beginning to acquire unmanned systems to perform
reconnaissance and surveillance. The idea of a small, low cost, unmanned, vertical take-off
and landing air vehicle is particularly attractive for these types of applications. Also such a
surveillance system could be carried on vessels and deployed at sea in almost all weather
conditions. VTOL-UAV is used as a platform to perform reconnaissance at sea using video,
HD thermal cameras, HD radar systems, and/or sonar. The VTOL-UAV would permit an
operator with the ability to see beyond the horizon, without being hampered by sea or ground
clutter. The system could be utilized to emplace sensors or communications repeaters for
enhanced communications coverage. Further, it could maintain an over-watch position to
provide long term surveillance and to aid in command and control on land or sea in
hazardous or difficult to reach locations. The cost of operating this type of system will be
significantly less than the cost of operating a manned helicopter, potentially providing greater
availability and safety, plus versatility to operators or agencies.
Puma Aero Marine
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Puma VTOL-UAV Capabilities:
The “BOSS” Heavy lift VTOL-UAV operates from vessels at sea or from shore. The VTOLUAV offers the following:
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Heavy Exterior lifts (mobile sky crane loads to 1,206.3 kg. (2,660 lbs) 1.2 Metric Tons
Agricultural: aerial application using Variable Rate Technology
Over the horizon detection of oil slicks, surface ice, sea birds, fish and vessels
Aerial firefighting: For rapid initial attack air tanker missions
Seafood harvesting platform for side scan sonar devices to detect sea life
Design Features of Puma Coaxial VTOL-UAV
High Useful Load:
The absence of a tail rotor from the Coaxial permits all of the engine power to be used by the
rotor system for lifting purposes. Therefore, in comparison with a tail rotor configuration, the
useful load of the Coaxial is higher. What about Multi-rotor configurations? The substantially
lower weight and the lower transmission and shaft power losses of the Coaxial as compared
to the tandem configuration gives the Coaxial a useful load advantage over the tandem or
any other multi-rotor configuration.
Safe Deck and Ground Characteristics:
In cross winds on a rolling pitching and heaving ship’s deck, or on the ground, the following
make the handling of the Coaxial much simpler than any other type:
(1) The inherent torque neutralization characteristics of the Coaxial Rotor System
eliminates dangerous inertia and torque effects, ground looping and cross wind effects
during quick starts and stops of the rotor system.
(2) The use of the semi-rigid rotor system assures freedom from ground resonance
(3) The automatic gust locks in the Coaxial Rotor System prevent blade flapping at low
rpm
Low Empty Weight:
The feature that makes the fuselage independent of the lifting system dynamics permits the
design of the fuselage to be strictly functional as related to mission requirements.
Accordingly, the size of the coaxial rotor system fuselage for the same useful load is smaller
than any other type and structurally simpler, resulting in lower fuselage weight. Consider
these other weight savings:
(1) The weight of the Coaxial transmission system for a given horsepower is lighter than
the total weight of the two or more transmissions systems utilized in either an antitorque tail rotor or tandem rotor configuration.
(2) The total blade area of the Coaxial Rotor is essentially equal to the blade areas of the
main rotor of a comparable single rotor and it is slightly higher as compared to other
multi-rotor systems.
(3) The total weight of the fuselage, transmission, and rotor system of the Coaxial Rotor
Helicopter is found to be slightly lower than that of an equivalent engine horsepower of
a tail rotor configuration and substantially lower than that of the tandem or other multirotor configurations.
Complete Symmetry of the Rotor System:
The symmetry of the Coaxial Rotor System permits the same aerodynamic efficiency and
controllability for flight in any direction; a feature only found in the coaxial.
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Simplified Rotor System:
The Coaxial utilizes the semi-rigid type of rotor system without the need for use of
mechanical stabilizing devices, thus resulting in a simpler rotor system design and
possessing excellent flying qualities. The simplicity of design yields benefits such as lower
structural weight, manufacturing, and maintenance costs. In addition, this rotor system makes
the helicopter free from ground resonance. The size of the rotor diameter in the Coaxial is
totally independent of the fuselage. This feature, of disassociating the rotor diameter size
from the fuselage, becomes considerably important in the lift capabilities of a coaxial.
Freedom from Control Cross-Coupling:
Control cross-coupling exists in all other rotor configurations, causing control complexity,
dangerous flight attitudes, and vibration. Lack of control cross-coupling in the Coaxial
Helicopter yields the following advantages:
1. For translational flight along any axis, the movement of only ONE control is required;
2. Control along each axis is powerful, symmetrical, and unaffected by the controls
along the other axes;
3. Comparable translational accelerations in all directions are obtainable;
4. Precision handling ability with excellent control– even under adverse cross wind
conditions and
5. Exact hovering positioning is excellent due to the symmetry of the Coaxial Rotor
System.
Maintenance:
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Easier system maintenance, with "black box" or cable change out/swap program
Detailed diagnostic codes download to a PC for quick, easy troubleshooting
Overhaul Requirement:
Major Components (Engine, transmission, rotor head & blades) require overhaul and/or
replacement every 1,000 flight hours. (Approximate cost is $55,000 USD or $55.00 USD per
hour of operation).
Training:
Training for the VTOL-UAV operators with be conducted onsite utilizing a PC based
computer. The VTOL-UAV operators must have a working knowledge of PC based computer
skills.
Training for the VTOL-UAV maintenance crews on how to maintain and repair the VTOL-UAV
and her major components in the classroom and through on the job training. Maintenance
crews must have a working knowledge of PC based computers.
Spares:
Recommended spare parts required for equipment installed on the VTOL-UAV.
Warranty:
All fabrication work unconditionally guaranteed for 12 months. Installed equipment by
Manufacture's Standard Warranty guaranteed for 500 hours of flight.
Support:
Provisions made to provide tools and equipment to support the VTOL-UAV operation. All
specialty tools and maintenance manuals to include but not limited to operational flight
software provision for particular missions.
Puma Aero Marine
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BOSS PRELIMINARY SPECIFICATION
* Simple to Operate: Heavy Lift Drone Coaxial Helicopter at “Very Low Cost”
* Fuselage Reinforced Kevlar hand-lay up vacuum infused
* Rotor: 2 X 4 bladed coaxial rotor system with 204cm by 3.65 meter blades
* Blades: Extruded-aluminum rotor blades (NACA 0012 Airfoil)
* Endurance – 4 hour mission capability
* Fuel: Regular grade min 92 RON or AV-GAS 100LL - Capacity 151.4 liters (40 US gallons)
* Operating speed zero to 70 knots
* Data Link Range – line of sight from any repeater
* Power – Ford Liquid cooled 5.0L 4V BOSS 302
* Very Quiet rotor system and engine
* Augmenter exhaust system helps cool exhaust and engine compartment, reducing engine
noise and lowering the total heat signature.
* Auto Pilot – Micro Pilot Heli Provides:
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Fly by wire
GPS sensing
Terrain Awareness & Warning System (CAS)
Collision Avoidance System (TAWS)
PID feedback loops for camera stabilization
Dimension:
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Length overall:
Body Length:
Height overall:
Headroom below blades:
Rotor Diameter:
Landing skid width:
8.38 meters
6.88 meters
2.89 meters
2.05 meters
7.77 meters
2.28 meters
(27’ 6”)
(22’ 6”)
(9’ 6”)
(6’ 9”)
(25’ 6”)
(7’ 6”)
Weights and Capcity:
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Current estimated empty wt:
576.8 kg. (1,272 lbs.)
Gross takeoff wt:
1,837.8 kg. (4,052 lbs.) @ sea level /ISA +20c
Payload full fuel
1,151.9 kg. (2,540 lbs) 1.15 Metric Tons
External Payload 2 hours of Fuel
1,206.3 kg. (2,660 lbs) 1.2 Metric Tons
Internal hopper tank capacity:
990.9 liters (262 US gallons)
Fuel 40 US gallons (4 hours + 24 hours w/hopper tank) 108.8 kg. (240 lbs)
Note: Hovering Performance in-ground effect 9,000 ft (without option turbochargers)
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THE MAJOR SYSTEMS:
Power by: Ford 5.0L 4V BOSS 302 Engine - M-6007-M50B has 32 value
Dual Overhead Cam engine with Variable Cam Timing. A Ford Racing
aluminum block, the Boss 302 pounds out 444 horsepower and 380 ft-lbs
of torque! The bell housing was designed and developed especially for
the UAV for direct drive via a fluid coupling which is directly bolted to the
main rotor transmission.
Engine Technical Specifications:
 Lightweight aluminum cylinder block features cross-bolted main
bearing caps and thick main bearing bulkheads for bottom-end
strength
 80 mm single bore "fly by wire" throttle body
 High-strength aluminum-alloy cylinder heads with fully CNC-machined ports and chambers
for exceptional high-rpm airflow without sacrificing low-speed torque
 Sodium-filled exhaust valves for improved heat dissipation
 Forged aluminum pistons and upgraded sinter-forged connecting rods for improved strength
 Engine weight: Exceptionally high power to weight ratio 1 horse power equal a pound 444 lb
 Economical fuel consumption: 70-80% cruise power typically 33.87 liter (8.95 gals) per hour.
 Low levels of vibration and Low Noise level.
 Fuel Type: Regular grade (min 91 octane RON) Mogas (unleaded)
 Electrical System: 28VDC / 2.0 KW alternator
 Exhaust System: “Augmenter“ exhaust stacks in which cooling air and exhaust gases are
mixed and discharged through a venturi to provide “aspirated cooling“ and a small measure of
additional thrust thus lowering the overall heat signature.
Optimal Main Rotor Transmission Design:
In a Coaxial configuration, the inherent feature of splitting the power input into two
paths results in a transmission design internally-balanced, compact and capable of
handling greater horsepower input than any other configuration.
The symmetry of the rotor system and the transmission reduces approximately by one
half the total numbers of individual components.
The spiral bevel gears forged from 8620 gear steel and heat treated is an important
component on Coaxial rotorcraft drive systems. These components are required to
operate at high speeds, high loads, and for a large number of load cycles. In this
application, spiral bevel gears are used to redirect the shaft output from the Boss
engine to the vertical rotor.
Autopilot:
MicroPilot's Autopilot HELI provides extraordinary user definability.
 Integrated GPS (including GPS receiver, gyros, all sensors and GPS antenna)
 Autonomous takeoff and landing supported by AGL
 User definable PID feedback loops (for camera stabilization etc)
 RPV and UAV modes
 Change altitude at waypoint, change airspeed at waypoint
 User definable holding patterns
 User definable error handlers (loss of GPS, low battery etc.)
 Equipped with an ultrasonic altitude sensor, supports autonomous takeoff and landing
 GPS waypoint navigation with altitude and airspeed hold
 Powerful command set
 Fully integrated with 3-axis gyros/ accelerometers, GPS, pressure altimeter, pressure airspeed
sensors, all on a single circuit board
 Extensive data logging and telemetry collects the data you need
 Includes HORIZONmp ground control software. .
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Puma Aero Marine
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SOME OPTION EQUIPMENT
Transponder:
Sagetech XPS-TR50 Mode S ADS-B out Transponder
Cargo Hook:
Talon LC Keeperless Cargo Hook: Design Load 1,633 Kg (3,600 Lbs)
Cargo Winch:
Breeze-Eastern Model HS-5100 Design Load 1,000 Kg (2,200 Lbs)
Rescue Hoist
Breeze-Eastern Model HS-1660 Design Load 136 Kg (300 Lbs)
Thermal Night Vision Technology:
Raymarine T473SC Stabilized FLIR: Everything in the world emits infrared thermal radiation, or as it is
better known as heat. Thermal night vision cameras, using FLIR thermal imaging technology detect
this heat, and display it as a video image on widescreen displays to the operator. By detecting the
minute temperature differences across a scene, thermal imaging cameras deliver a highly detailed
image of the environment, day or night, even in 100% total darkness.
Radar Surveillance: Sea Hawk
Sea Hawk SHN-X9 for detecting oil slicks, surface ice, sea birds, fish, and vessels
 Top of the range detection performance.
 Super advanced surface detection
 Small target detection features.
 Superior radar for Search & Rescue operations
 Surface detection display for Oil on water, Small targets in the water
 Oil spill detection features
 Anti Piracy detection radar
 Ice Berg Detection and tracking
 Bergy Bits & Growler Detection and tracking
 Surface detection of the Ice bed.
Tactical Operations Recognition Lights:
High intensity strobe lighting system (Blue & Red) to identify day and night of she’s on a
Police Tactical Operations.
Air to Ground LRAD
Long Range Acoustic Device (LRAD), LRAD systems uses as non-lethal crowd control
weapons, and as communication devices, use is an acoustic hailing and siren device
High Intensity LED Flood Lighting:
The high intensity LED flood lights produce 860 lumens each are arranged in two rows and
paired with high purity optics to produce a 20 degree spread spot beam approximately 228
meter (750’) long by 23 meter (75’) wide. .
Side Scan Sonar (high resolution)
L-3 Communications KLEIN SYSTEM 3000H presents the latest
technology in digital side scan sonar imaging. The dual-frequency
operation is based on new transducer designs, as well as the high
resolution circuitry recently developed for the Klein multi-beam
focused sonar. The System 3000H performance features 445 and
900 kHz frequencies for a variety of applications, including those
requiring high resolution operations. The side-scan sonar
transducer lowers on a 50 meter (150 feet) cable below the “BOSS”
VTOL-UAV.
Puma Aero Marine
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Aerial Cleaning System)
Power Line & Wind Turbine Cleaning & De-icing System by Simplex Aerospace utilizes state of the art
technology providing 500 to 2,000 PSI of operating pressure with an effective wash range of 6.4M
(21.2 ft.) from the nozzle tip. The light-weight boom produces a high pressure spray stream to remove
residue from electrical towers and wind turbine blades. The system can also be to remove ice from
wind turbines and power lines.
Aerial firefighting:
Rapid initial attack air tanker for front lines of wildfires around the globe. As an initial attack air tanker,
the “BOSS” is appreciated among aerial firefighting circles as a fast, maneuverable aircraft that’s both
operationally effective and economical. Designed to fight wildfires, it uses an advanced computercontrolled rapid action hydraulic fire gate to deliver optimum coverage with extreme accuracy from a
1,514 liter (400 US gallon) hopper.
Retardant Dispersal System (FRDS) is one of the first for VTOL UAV air tanker fire gate.
 Unsurpassed precision coverage
 “set it and forget it” drops
 Switch from Constant Flow Rate mode to Constant Gate Angle mode as the situation
requires.
 Easier system maintenance, with "black box" or cable change out/swap program
 Detailed diagnostic codes download to a PC for quick, easy troubleshooting
Interior Space
The “”Boss”” has ample interior space to carrier a stretcher or urgently need support to a disaster
zone or equipment required to support a Tactical Operation. Access to this compare is through larger
doors at the rear of the main body of the “”Boss””. Noted; this interior space is available if the interior
auxiliary fuel tank is not used.
Powerline Tree Trimming System
The Heli-Saw consists of 10 blades that can be configured horizontally or
vertically to clear branches from powerlines or other structures. The 10 blades
have a 30 inch blades to cut larger branches with each 6.0m (20 ft.) swatch.
 Heli-Saw trims from the top of the tree down 45.7m (150 ft.) reaching
branches that are untouchable by ground
 No encroachment on private land to access right-of-ways
 Heli-Saw has immediate access to difficult to reach areas and terrain that
take ground crews hours to hike
 Heli-Saw's average trimming under most conditions is 4.8K (3 miles) of
right of way or 9.6K ( 6 miles) of side-wall per day when cutting a 12.2m
(40 foot) swath
 Heli-Saw can do in one day what a ground-crew does in weeks
Agricultural Aerial Application and oil spill response:
Aerial Application and oil spill response utilize a system by Simplex Aerospace with spray boom
spans up to 8.8M (29 ft.) with swath width of 18m (60 ft.). Boom’s are equipped with computer
controlled flow meter atomizers nozzles. Further control of the liquid is provided by the 24 VDC
electrically driven spray pump.
Aerial application pays for itself and puts more money in the grower’s pocket!
The photo below illustrates yield data on an Illinois corn field . The area treated with fungicide resulted
in a net increase of $115.85 per acre.
Puma Aero Marine
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The engineers have worked extensively with researchers and other experts to design optimal boom
and nozzle placement and minimize drift potential.
Puma Aero Marine
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