ORDET - CDN Orléans
Transcription
ORDET - CDN Orléans
ORDET (THE WORD) Kaj Munk Directed by Arthur Nauzyciel Translated and adapted by Marie Darrieussecq and Arthur Nauzyciel PRODUCTION © Frédéric Nauczyciel CENTRE DRAMATIQUE NATIONAL ORLEANS/LOIRET/CENTRE Direction Arthur Nauzyciel Théâtre d’Orléans, Bd Pierre Ségelle, 45000 Orléans Tel : + 33 (0) 2 38 62 15 55 Sophie Mercier mercier@cdn‐orleans.com Emilie Leroy production@cdn‐orleans.com ORDET was created at the Avignon Festival 2008 (Cloître des Carmes, 5‐15 July 08) TOUR 2008 : Centre Dramatique National Orléans/Loiret/Centre, Maison de la Culture de Bourges, Comédie de Clermont‐Ferrand, CDDB‐ théâtre de Lorient, Théâtre de Caen (Festival les Boréales in Normandy), Les Gémeaux Scène Nationale, Sceaux (Paris). Press: Nathalie Gasser : +33 (0)6 07 78 06 10 [email protected] THE SHOW WAS REPRISED WITHIN THE FESTIVAL D’AUTOMNE A PARIS 2009 Théâtre du Rond‐Point From September 16 to October 10 ORDET (THE WORD) by Kaj Munk Directed by Arthur Nauzyciel Translated and adapted by Marie Darrieussecq and Arthur Nauzyciel Scenic design by Eric Vigner Assisted by Jérémie Duchier Music composed by Marcel Pérès Costumes Designer José Lévy Assisted by Frédérick Denis and Stéphanie Croibien Sound Design by Xavier Jacquot Lighting Design by Joël Hourbeigt Choreography by Damien Jalet Rehearsal Diary by Denis Lachaud Literary Consultant Vincent Rafis Cast Pascal Greggory – Mikkel Borgen, père Jean‐Marie Winling – Peter Skraedder Catherine Vuillez – Inger Borgen Christine Vézinet – Kristine Skraedder Pierre Baux – Pasteur Bandbul Xavier Gallais – Johannes Borgen Benoit Giros – Docteur Houen Frédéric Pierrot – Mikkel Borgen, fils Laure Roldan de Montaud – Anne Skraedder Marc Toupence – Anders Borgen Julia Camps De Medeiros or Marie Conort or Loriane Conort – Maren Borgen And the Ensemble Organum (Mathilde Daudy, Antoine Sicot, Marcel Pérès or Frédéric Tavernier) PRODUCTION Centre Dramatique National Orléans/Loiret/Centre, Festival d’Avignon, CDDB‐Théâtre de Lorient /Centre Dramatique National, Maison de la Culture de Bourges, Compagnie 41751. With the support of Région Centre, Nouveau théâtre de Montreuil/Centre Dramatique National, Scène Nationale d’Orléans. With the artistic participation of the Jeune Théâtre National. The set has been constructed by the Maison de la Culture de Bourges. PRESS CLIPPINGS “Ordet” sweeps away the Avignon Festival. With Ordet, the Avignon Festival has encountered one of those moments that write its legend. […] An undeniable success, and excellent performances all across the board, for the ages. Fabienne Darge, Le Monde, July 11, 2008 A miracle powerful enough to make ice melt. Marie‐José Sirach, L’Humanité, July 7, 2008 Avignon over the moon. The miracle came from Ordet (The Word): (...) Arthur Nauzyciel places the Danish drama in a theatre of utmost triumph, with the extraordinary Pascal Greggory performing, the flawless costumes designed by José Lévy, down to Marie Darrieussecq’s translation, blending with exquisite precision the trivial and the sacred, all the protagonists in this production contribute to producing sense and sensation. On stage, the inventiveness never slackens, each new scene rebounding with subtlety and humor. Fabienne Arvers and Patrick Sourd, Les Inrockuptibles, July 22, 2008. A real gem. Ordet, by Kaj Munk, has, after Carl Dreyer, inspired Arthur Nauzyciel. Frédéric Ferney, Le Point, July 17, 2008. The best is Ordet, by the Danish playwright Kaj Munk, –very well – translated by Marie Darrieussecq and directed by Arthur Nauzyciel. Jacques Julliard, Le Nouvel Observateur, August 2008. Arthur Nauzyciel’s production honors the spiritual might of Kaj Munk’s script, brought to fame by Dreyer. Bruno Bouvet, La Croix, July 9, 2008. Sublime “Ordet” One had to be bold to bring back to stage the play written by Kaj Munk (1898‐1944) which inspired Dreyer’s sublime movie. Arthur Nauzyciel succeeded with the help of Marie Darrieusssecq’s very modern translation and actors who strongly embody this story about faith in the Word and faith in love. Fabienne Darge, Le Monde magazine, September 25, 2009 Ordet (The Word) Arthur Nauzyciel revives Ordet (The Word), the play by Danish playright Kaj Munk which was immortalized by Carl Dreyer. An ambitious theatrical deed, a very singular achievement. Manuel Piolat Soleymat, La Terrasse, September 2009 “Where I go you cannot go” ORDET We cannot act as if we were unbelievers. From now on we have to choose our faith. Salvation will come out of writing and language. If we found language again, we will be able to resist. Then by reconquering the former so as not to lose it. Reconquering language, speaking to one another again and reconquering the other. Finally, the world needs to be reconquered. It is pointless to fantasize about what is beyond the world, the Earth, man. Man is not the centre of the world, he is the end of the world. The first way to love is the Word... Paul Virilio CYBERMONDE, LA POLITIQUE DU PIRE (CYBERWORLD, POLITICS OF THE WORST), 1996 ORDET means “the Word”, “speech”. ORDET (THE WORD) is the story of a miracle. Two religious communities with opposite beliefs are confronted with death, then resurrection. The play was adapted for the screen by Dreyer in 1954. It has never been performed in France. This project has been with me ever since the rehearsals for my first show. While working on LE MALADE IMAGINAIRE OU LE SILENCE DE MOLIÈRE (THE IMAGINARY INVALID, OR MOLIÈRE’S SILENCE), I had written the following text for the program in 1999: “My story begins in a place bereft of men, of language, of names. By teaching me how to count using the digits of the number tattooed on his forearm, my grandfather inoculated Auschwitz into me. I learned digits before letters. These indelible digits were his name. Behind the letters of my name lies the story of my family’s suffering as well as millions of others’. For years, sometimes for the rest of their lives, survivors failed to speak. When my grandfather spoke to me, I tried to understand his sentences made of foreign words, fragments of another, lost, soon‐to‐be‐ forgotten language. A language from before the disaster, that will never really come together again. So most of the time, he kept silent. My father on the other hand told me the story his father had never been able to tell him, a story he had been told by others. Telling me this story made him a father. Telling it and never forgetting would make me a man.” Rereading this text today, I understand to what extent this story led me to work in the theatre. ORDET (THE WORD) is not a “religious” play. It is a metaphysical thriller. An experience. An in‐between world. It is a strange theatrical artifact, which raises the question of faith, the power of life, the relationship between the individual and the group, transmission and transcendence. Like its author, paradoxical and contradictory, ORDET (THE WORD) does not assert anything but raises doubts, unravels softly, oozes confusion. And eventually wrestles out of your resisting body a deep emotion. If ORDET (THE WORD) is so overwhelming, it is because in it you gather to fight death and extremism, because you do whatever you can with your human means, and at the moment when all seems to be lost, just then, something happens: a miracle, a dream, something impossible to name. And that would at the same time be a sign that God exists, show absolute trust in man and his capacity to love and create with others, point out the artist’s privileged position in that he can repair the injustice in life before death and turn the theatre into a place where everything is possible. Therefore, the miracle does not only question our relationship to God. If the miracle is theatrical, it reminds us of its own impossibility to exist in real life and brings us back to our condition as mortals. We know there is no such thing as miracles on this earth; we have to accept our visible world and our finite time as a reality, and attempt to be happy here and now. How to go on believing? In whom and what? These questions remain equally troubling. “Father, why hast thou forsaken me?” can be read in the Bible. I also inherited that doubt, that disillusionment, because it is very difficult to go on looking for proof of God’s existence in crematory ovens. And if THE IMAGINARY INVALID ended on: “Oh, my God they will let me die here...”, ORDET (THE WORD) closes with: “ Life! Life! Life!” Arthur Nauzyciel, Sept. 2005 The dialogue with the dead ought not to cease, for as long as they have not given up the piece of the future buried with them. Heiner Müller, FAUTES D’IMPRESSION ABOUT THE TRANSLATION The play had to be translated again, its language recaptured. For that I wanted to work with an author of my own generation, with whom I could share a universe; who had a common interest in snow, ice, ghosts, what is intimate and family stories, traveling and the end of the world, visible and invisible. I was looking for someone who had a sense of rhythm, of concreteness and language, and a spirit of contradiction. I was looking for a writer who had never worked for the theatre. I read White and met Marie Darrieussecq. A fortunate intuition. Something came out of that. She made the play hers. Since then we have had other projects together: Marie is writing her first play for me. Arthur Nauzyciel Being associated with Arthur Nauzyciel’s work enables me to write in a more “concrete” manner, knowing that my sentences will end up in mouths, bodies, on a stage...You do not write the same way when you are aware of this imminence...It fills me with joy and fear... What I saw of Arthur’s work and what I “intuition” of his way to go is enough. He knows words have a meaning and this meaning has to be played literally, yet played around with. He knows words have to be taken at face value but that is precisely what gives him great freedom toward the text. Arthur is not challenged by the text, he is not respectful of it in terms of adhering to it, but the text is not for him a mere pretext either. I feel comfortable in the way he balances it out... Marie Darrieussecq ` Letter of Munk to his mother Mother, you should have seen this thirty‐year old young woman, lying with her son in her arm, this little boy pressed against her cold and stiff breast. And her old father, a harsh and stout fisherman, Poul Knak, was standing against the wall on one side of the bed, while his wife, the young woman’s mother, was standing on the other side; the old fisherman stood still, gazing intently at his daughter’s dead face, remaining still for hours on end – the only part that moved was his chin‐ oh, mother, if you had seen that chin. And her husband was crying, crying, crying so loud his knees were shaking, whereas his two young daughters (aged 8 and 5) ran around without understanding anything. And I was told that the married couple was eagerly looking forward to having another child, they probably thought it would be a boy, and that is exactly what happened. For the delivery had gone very well. The doctor had already taken a seat to drink coffee when a hemorrhage suddenly occurred. And she lost all her blood with the doctor looking without being able to help...Kristen Madsen, that is the name of the man who was widowed, has a brother who lives on a small farm ten minutes away from his home; he lost his wife a couple of years ago. It was painful to watch him today go again through the grief he suffered a few years ago. But the worst came when they were about to close the lid: first, her father patted her cheek and hand, then her mother stroked her breast and suddenly, Kre Madsen threw himself onto the floor and kissed the corpse – oh, dear God! He kissed the corpse, on the cheek. Then the little girls were brought in to pat their mother’s forehead, but they understood nothing (...) But I will never forget her, lying with her son in her arm, her old father against the wall on one side and her old mother against the opposite wall, and her husband resting here and there, sobbing. And I will never forget the moment when he kissed the corpse. st Kaj Munk, October, 31 , 1925. I was all the more happy to shoot Ordet as I felt very close to Kaj Munk’s ideas. He always spoke remarkably about love. I mean: as well about love in general, between people, as love within marriage, real marriage. To Kaj Munk, love was not only nice and pretty thoughts that could unite a man and a woman, but a much deeper bond as well. And to him there was no difference between sacred and carnal love. Let us look at Ordet. The father says: “She is dead… She is no longer with us. She is in heaven…” and the son answers: “True, but I also loved her body…” What is beautiful in Kaj Munk’s work is his understanding that God did not separate the two kinds of love. That is why he did not separate them either. But this brand of Christianity is confronted with another, a somber and fanatical kind of faith. Carl T. Dreyer Biographical notes KAJ MUNK A peculiar, complex man, celebrated as one of the greatest poets in Denmark, Munk had a singular fate. From 1924 to his death twenty years later at the age of 45, he served as a preacher in the same small, rural parish on the western coast of Jutland, Vedersö. On the side, he wrote plays performed not only at the Royal Theatre of Copenhagen but also on all the great Scandinavian stages. He also drew notice for his newspaper articles, collections of poems, radio lectures and screenplays. A preacher with little clerical sense, the freedom of his voice and writings shocked. He stood out, defying norms. During the 1930s he sponsored dictatorships, singing the praise of Mussolini and later Hitler. Yet at the end of the same decade, as Munk witnessed the Nazi persecutions of the Jews, his evangelical sense led him to temper his enthusiasm. After April 1940 and during the years of the German occupation in Denmark, he committed himself more and more openly. His sermons, preached in Vedersö and elsewhere, made him a pioneer of the spiritual Resistance. So much so that one night in January 1940 he was arrested on the order of the Gestapo. A few hours later, Kaj Munk was executed and left in a ditch, his face shattered by gunfire. He wrote his first play at the age of nineteen. He went on to write some thirty others. He wrote about the Abyssinian War, the rise of the dictatorships, Nazi anti‐Semitism. He was adept at creating works depicting social, ethical, religious conflicts while steering clear of didacticism and renewing Scandinavian drama. ORDET, written in six days, is a drama centered on a fantastic, improbable, impossible event: a miracle. Death became a part of Kaj Munk’s life early on… He was only a year old when his father died suddenly. His mother died in turn when he was all of five. All his life, he tried to overcome death by confronting it. In his memoirs, he reports an event which foreshadows the tragedy at work in ORDET: While still a child, a young mason he knew well, married and the father of a young daughter, fell seriously ill. Munk resorted to prayer, wishing his friend to recover. Soon after, the young man died. He was placed in his coffin and carried to the cemetery. Young Kaj, who had stayed at home, was not worried. It was inconceivable to him that God would fail to grant his prayer. Peder had not died in earnest, he was going to wake up and rise out of his tomb. Once the funeral was over and his adoptive father back at the farm, the child asked questions: has anything extraordinary not happened? Did Peder stay in his coffin? And the father started laughing… Munk wrote thirty‐five years later: It is with bitterness that I told myself: as a poet, you will breathe life into the dead thanks to your faith, but as a preacher, you cannot even grant death to those who suffer… Or resurrect them either. So as not to let himself be overwhelmed by helplessness, ORDET makes up for his grief… Arthur Nauzyciel Marie Darrieussecq, translation and adaptation She was born in 1969. TRUISMES (PIG TALES), her first published novel, came out in 1996 and has since been translated into forty‐three languages. She subsequently authored NAISSANCE DES FANTÔMES (MY PHANTOM HUSBAND), LE MAL DE MER (UNDERCURRENTS), PRÉCISIONS SUR LES VAGUES (BREATHING UNDERWATER), BREF SÉJOUR CHEZ LES VIVANTS (A BRIEF STAY WITH THE LIVING), LE BÉBÉ (THE BABY), WHITE, LE PAYS (THE COUNTRY), ZOO. She also wrote shorter texts for Annette Messager and Jürgen Teller’s catalogues, and a tale published by Editions des femmes/Antoinette Fouque: CLAIRE DANS LA FORET – SUIVI DE PENTHESILEE, PREMIER COMBAT. (CLAIRE IN THE FOREST, FOLLOWED BY PENTHESILEIA, THE FIRST COMBAT) The translation of ORDET (THE WORD) is her first work for the theatre. A staged reading of her latest novel, TOM EST MORT (TOM IS DEAD), was directed by Arthur Nauzyciel at the 2007 Avignon Festival. She has just finished writing her first play for Arthur Nauzyciel, LE MUSÉE DE LA MER (THE SEA MUSEUM), that he created in 2009 with the actors of the National Theatre of Iceland. Since June 07, she’s associated artist at the Centre Dramatique National Orléans/Loiret/Centre. After studying plastic arts and film, he enrolled at the school of the Théâtre National de Chaillot, then headed by Antoine Vitez, who was his professor from 1986 to 1989. As an actor, he was directed by Eric Vigner, Alain Françon, Jacques Nichet, Philippe Clévenot, Tsai Ming Liang. He directed his first production at CDDB ‐ Théâtre de Lorient in 1999, LE MALADE IMAGINAIRE OU LE SILENCE DE MOLIÈRE, after Molière and Giovanni Macchia, thereafter regularly reprised in France and abroad. In 2003, he directed HAPPY DAYS starring Marilù Marini, performed in France and Buenos Aires. In 2004, he directed PLACE DES HÉROS (HELDENPLATZ), marking the introduction of Thomas Bernhard into the Comédie‐Française repertory. In 2008, he directed ORDET (THE WORD) by Kaj Munk for the Avignon Festival at the Cloître des Carmes He has frequently worked in the United States, where he directed Bernard‐Marie Koltès’ BLACK BATTLES WITH DOGS (COMBAT DE NÈGRE ET DE CHIENS) (2001) and ROBERTO ZUCCO in Atlanta, and Mike Leigh’s ABIGAIL’S PARTY (2007) and Shakespeare’s JULIUS CAESAR (2008) in Boston. Invited in Iceland since 1997, he presented there in particular Samuel Beckett’s THE IMAGE, with dancer Damien Jalet and Anne Brochet, then replaced by Lou Doillon, and he premiered there Marie Darrieussecq’s LE MUSÉE DE LA MER (THE SEA MUSEUM) in 2009. He has been invited by Franco Quadri to direct a project with young European actors within L’Ecole des Maîtres : he staged A DOLL’S HOUSE by Ibsen, performed in Liège, Reims, Rome and Lisbon at the fall 2009. He was a Villa Medicis Hors‐les‐Murs scholar. Since June 1, 2007, Arthur Nauzyciel has been the director of the Centre Dramatique National Orléans/Loiret/Centre. Within the Festival d’Automne in Paris 2009 Arthur Nauzyciel has been invited by the Festival d’Automne in Paris to present his last two creations : ORDET (The Word) and JULIUS CAESAR by Shakespeare was created at the American Repertory Theatre in Boston in Feb. 2008. These two plays deal with the question of the word and form a diptych. Interview By Eve Beauvallet for the Festival d’Automne in Paris When the American Repertory Theatre of Boston offered you to come and direct JULIUS CAESAR, you had already been working on the ORDET project since 2005. Where do these two productions fit in in your career? What interests me in the theatre is being able to reinvent each time a new working process based on a specific project. The context of production, be it intimate, political or social, is for me a powerful driving force. It pertains to a piece of fiction, as if it became the very subject of the production. The American Repertory Theatre of Boston, where I had already presented ABIGAIL’S PARTY, offered me in 2007 to direct JULIUS CAESAR in February 2008, at the very same time when the ORDET project was being postponed for the second time on budgetary grounds. The Avignon festival had invited me to direct ORDET in 2005, in the Cour d’Honneur of the Papal Palace. At the time, I was working with my company, without any subsidies, and we were having difficulties putting the production together. For three years, I could not do anything in France. I took advantage of that time to take on parallel projects, directing for example Beckett’s THE IMAGE with dancer Damien Jalet and actress Anne Brochet. I worked with a choreographer, plastic artists. I developed projects abroad. Then, in 2007, I was named director of the CDN Orléans, and from then on doors opened. These experiences, the time that went by between PLACE DES HÉROS (HELDENPLATZ) at the Comédie‐Française in 2004 and JULIUS CAESAR, enabled me to get closer to myself, to interrogate why I was doing theatre and how I wanted to do it. The underground culture, disco, jazz, film and dance contributed a lot to my growth, and I reconnected to them while directing this production, perhaps also because I was away. JULIUS CAESAR is a profoundly desperate play, in which the horrors of the world are perceived by a child left literally voiceless. I unconsciously projected myself unto that child, and it may be why the show is replete with what thrilled me when I was that age: showing Super‐8 movies, building puppets, watching the Carpentier variety shows or TV series. I was still riding on this momentum and consciousness when I started work on ORDET in 2008. JULIUS CAESAR is ORDET’s matrix. The experience of these two shows is being crystallized in my latest production, LE MUSÉE DE LA MER (THE SEA MUSEUM), which is a turning point for me. JULIUS CAESAR, as well as ORDET, are plays centered on the question of speech – a theatrical theme par excellence. Can these two productions then be read as a diptych? Coming from such different cultural and geographical contexts, it is unsettling to realize how much the two productions echo each other. Like the two faces – one brighter, one darker –, of the same mirror. The universes of JULIUS CAESAR and ORDET are indeed based on speech. They interrogate the power of transformation and creation of words. JULIUS CAESAR is about using words to manipulate, ORDET about the healing power of words. Words, and not acts, are key. They can create a reality or destroy or bring back to life. I realized in retrospect that the two plays dealt both with speech and with the one who has no command of it: the child. This figure, which has a singular function in both productions, is also connected to the motif of the double, of a dream‐like quality, of a world turned upside down – themes on which my work has been based for years. JULIUS CAESAR evolves in a world of dead souls, specters and ghosts. It is a trait shared by ORDET, but Kaj Munk’s script could be its vital counterpart: the characters leave the realm of survivors for the world of the living. In the final ceremony in JULIUS CAESAR, Brutus is met with death, whereas ORDET ends on these words: “life, life”. Each set is the double of an image, plastered onto the back‐wall: a photograph of the empty house in JULIUS CAESAR, one of an Icelandic landscape in ORDET. Without mentioning the working community I established by spending a long time around the table studying the script, the use of choreography or live music, which the two productions have in common. They are, I think, my most intimate projects, in the sense that through them, I have expressed not a style but a very personal working process. JULIUS CAESAR interrogates the connections between rhetoric and politics. The project was commissioned at a turning point in American politics, the primaries between Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton. In what way did you approach this analogy? The connection between the script and the ongoing American election was of course obvious. The play deals with a Republic in danger, and the United States were coming out of eight years of Bush presidency. Yet it would have been too simplistic to only deal with how disastrous this presidential term turned out, which was nonetheless what the producers expected. I had to find a wider, more metaphysical angle. JULIUS CAESAR deals with the decline of a world, contains a collective memory of human fears and illusions. It is in a way a sensitive, political manual which connects us with the Romans and Shakespeare like a long DNA chain. The play is extremely relevant today, because it evokes a condemned society. Not that ours is condemned, but it is in danger. What have we invented in terms of politics and democracy since the period Shakespeare depicts in the play? Like Cassius and Brutus, we still believe that democracy is the best system, yet it remains an acceptable but fragile compromise. What elements convinced you to offer references to 60s America in general, and Kennedy in particular? The analogy is rooted in the context of production. I wanted to stay close to the sensation I often have while travelling in the United States, namely that it is a society built on fiction. And not the other way round. This is a dominant phenomenon; take for instance the TV series 24 which, as far as I know, prepared the American population for the image of a black president. Boston, where the American Repertory Theatre is located, is the city of Kennedy. He was the first president whose image was more important than his words. Kennedy’s assassination sparked a national disillusion probably similar to what would happen if Barack Obama, who can be considered the first president of the multimedia era, were to die. Caesar, Kennedy or Obama share a common status as surfaces of collective projection, figures which strangely capture the dream of a new world. Then, the ART was built in 1964, at a time of intense, artistic effervescence, and the forms that came out of it went on to have an international influence. Its architecture dates back to the 1960s, but the configuration of the house/stage space reproduces the semi‐circular, ancient model, in which politics and the theatre meet within the same space. I developed the scenography based on this specificity. Another contextual element strongly influenced the production, an element which has to do with the very story of the ART and its immediate future. Born at Yale and tied to Harvard, the ART was a founding place for modern theatre, and its programming had heretofore been immune from financial concerns. It was one of the only American theatres to have invited foreign directors and supported the work of Peter Sellars or Bob Wilson. Robert Woodruff had been its artistic director until he was recently dismissed under the charges of “elitist programming”. The production bears the traces of this recent history, which reflects a loss of faith in art and a time entirely invaded by pop culture. JULIUS CAESAR, written just before HAMLET, is the play Shakespeare picked for the inauguration of the Globe Theatre in 1599. Strangely enough, it is the play which will bring to a close a part of the history of the ART. While Julius Caesar is considered in the United States the keystone of Shakespeare’s work, the play is little known in France. How do you account for this difference in popularity? Is the play interpreted differently in the two countries? Like many, I did not know the play, but I knew the movie. JULIUS CAESAR is part of the school curriculum of every American boy (the girl version being ROMEO AND JULIET). The play fascinates them because they view it as a combat play, a war play. Americans turn the characters in JULIUS CAESAR into superheroes; yet the script clearly says they are like heroes without a cause, like Akira Kurosawa’s Kagemusha, these samurais who have lost the meaning of their actions. The play thus opened to mixed, polemical reviews in the United‐States. But there are other reasons: my work on the script is very precise and so pays close attention to versification – which Americans do not respect. My work is centered on language which, in itself alone, allows the world of JULIUS CAESAR to exist. The play up until the fifth act relies on systematic off‐screen events: all the actions happening are told through words. It is always about people coming to “tell” their dreams and omens. It is the interpretation the characters give to these words that influences the course of events. The acts in JULIUS CAESAR also often end with Brutus telling Lucius, “sleep again”, “didst thou dream”, as if Lucius were dreaming or witnessing the story. When everything hinges on rhetoric, the sense of the real is quickly lost in the play, as if the world were upside down. Maybe Brutus is already dead without knowing it, like Bruce Willis in THE SIXTH SENSE? You often mention the idea that the theatre is a place where the living conjure up the dead… Marie Darrieussecq brought to my attention the fact that there is a dead man or his ghost at the centre of each of my shows! My theatre resembles a funeral ceremony. The characters are like specters haunting the living, bearers of a collective memory. Telling a story is akin to fighting against oblivion. Theatre interests me when the frontiers between two usually separate worlds (actors/spectators, the real/fiction, the dead/the living) disappear. As long as, in the theatre, the dead rise again, it is as if the experience of the performance were a way to defy death, a celebration of life. The stage is a crossroads and not the central place of my work. I like off‐screen shots, subterranean stories. A production does not illustrate a theme, it materializes an intimate stake. From this perspective, for you who are attached to the idea of collective memory, how do you approach classic texts? In JULIUS CAESAR, the characters project themselves into a future in which their acts will be a performance for others to watch, in which they will be the spectators of their own past. Whenever I am confronted with a classic text, I feel I ought to direct a “memory for the future”. Like a witness account for the future of who we are and were. Classics are like the Statue of Liberty at the end of PLANET OF THE APES. They survive us. We are just passing by. They are “time capsules” from a distant past, which still accompany us today and for centuries to come. I like the image of these stars whose light reach us long after their death, or else that of the megalith in Stanley Kubrick’s 2001, A SPACE ODYSSEY : an enigmatic object that stands the test of time, conveying the dreams of a past or future humanity. According to you, ORDET is not, properly speaking, a play about religion. Could you elaborate on the specificity of your approach to the subject as well as on the necessity to address it today in the theatre? ORDET is not a naturalistic, peasant drama but in every respect a poetic act, along the lines of a Nordic culture pervaded by the supernatural. ORDET tells the story of an irrational event occurring in a rational, familiar world. The central question “to believe?” is fascinating, because it does not only interrogate our relationship to God, but also our doubts, desires or necessity to believe. What interests me is the intimate quest of Man looking to make sense of the finitude of life and of loss. It is not about illustrating a theological debate. The subject of ORDET seems all the more relevant to me as we are facing a dangerous paradox today: religion has never been more present in our society, and it has never been as off‐limits. “Secularism” and “atheism”, “religious” and “fundamentalist” are being confused. Spirituality is being confused with dogma. The aspiration to spirituality, which is fundamental to our human condition, is negated because it is a frightful subject. So we are at the heart of a contemporary interrogation, in which a tremendous amount of room is actually left to doubters and non‐believers. This is why, in Avignon, I eventually preferred the Cloître des Carmes to the Cour d’honneur of the Papal Palace, which had been originally offered to me. The horizontal relationship between the stage and the house at the Cloître des Carmes turned the Ordet characters into persons, while the Cour d’honneur, with its vertiginous, high‐angle view, would have submitted them to the divine. To what extent can ORDET be read as a theatrical manifesto? The question that underlies the play moves me th deeply: after the tragedies of the 20 century, in what can we believe today? How to live? Where does our strength come from? I am very moved by the potential of art to help to bear the miseries of the world, to understand this archaic pain, this metaphysical tear linked to the other’s loss. Kaj Munk, like Carl Dreyer, who adapted the play to the screen in 1955, lost his mother as a child. Both were confronted with the failure of the resurrection they had been promised, and mended their loss through an artistic gesture. I feel close to the approach of these artists, who found in the act of creation something reality had taken away from them. Art comes to mend reality. ORDET, probably like the theatre, means trusting speech. In that, ORDET is a manifesto. Artistic Collaborators MARCEL PERES and the L’ENSEMBLE ORGANUM Musical research and composition, voice. After studying composition and the organ at the Nice Conservatory, Marcel Pérès perfected his studies in England at the Royal School of Church Music, then in Canada, where he worked for two years with the Studio de Musique Ancienne in Montreal and at the center for musical research of the Office National du Film au Canada. Upon his return to Europe in 1979, Marcel Pérès specialized in medieval music under Michel Huglo at the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes in Paris. Eager to breathe life into theory through practice, he founded the Organum Ensemble in 1982, with which he set out to systematically and methodically explore the less studied areas of the medieval repertories. Since 1984, Marcel Pérès has been the director of the Association pour la Recherche et l’Interprétation des Musiques Médiévales at Royaumont Abbey. Each year several research programs are started under his direction, following an interdisciplinary perspective. Thanks to his work, the Ecole Notre‐Dame de Paris, th th 11 and 12 century Aquitain repertories or micro‐ intervals and ornamentation in Gregorian chant are now accessible. The ensemble has covered most of the European repertories which have made a mark on the history of th music since the 6 century. The investigations stretched all the way to the last three centuries of the second millennium, thus throwing into relief the existence of permanent medieval aesthetic tendencies in some movements up until the last decades of the twentieth century. ERIC VIGNER Set Design He directs the CDDB‐Théâtre de Lorient, Centre Dramatique National since 1996. After studying plastic arts, he was admitted to the Conservatoire National Supérieur d’Art Dramatique in Paris. In 1990, he founded his own company, la Compagnie Suzanne M., and directed Roland Dubillard’s LA MAISON D’OS (THE BONE‐HOUSE). In 1993, he encountered Marguerite Duras’ work through the play LA PLUIE D’ETÉ (SUMMER RAIN), which he directed at the Conservatoire. The production then toured internationally and was made into a film. He worked successively on Corneille, Hugo, Racine and Molière, while pursuing his companionship with Marguerite Duras. His production of SAVANNAH BAY marked Duras’ introduction into the Comédie‐Française repertory. At the Avignon Festival, Eric Vigner directed BRANCUSI CONTRE ETATS‐UNIS, UN PROCÈS HISTORIQUE, 1928 (BRANCUSI VS. THE UNITED STATES, A HISTORIC TRIAL, 1928) in 1996 and PLUIE D’ÉTÉ À HIROSHIMA (SUMMER RAIN IN HIROSHIMA) in 2006. In 2008, he stages OTHELLO by Shakespeare in a new translation cosigned with Rémi De Vos and presented at the Odéon‐Théâtre de l’Europe. He designed the sets of his latest productions (LA BÊTE DANS LA JUNGLE (THE BEAST IN THE JUNGLE), SAVANNAH BAY, OÙ BOIVENT LES VACHES (WHERE THE COWS DRINK), PLUIE D’ÉTÉ À HIROSHIMA, JUSQU’À CE QUE LA MORT NOUS SÉPARE (UNTIL DEATH DO US PART), DÉBRAYAGE by Rémi De Vos and for Arthur Nauzyciel’s productions of PLACE DES HÉROS (HELDENPLATZ) by Thomas Bernhard at the Comédie‐Française in 2004 and ORDET (LA PAROLE) at the Cloître des Carmes at the Avignon Festival in 2008. DAMIEN JALET Choreographer Damien Jalet is French and Belgian. After his first studies in theatre at the I.N.S.A.S. (National Institute of the Performing Arts, Brussels) he shifted to contemporary dance studying in Belgium and in New York. He started his dance career with Wim Vandekeybus on the show THE DAY OF HEAVEN AND HELL in 1998 and danced with the choreographers Ted Stoffer and Christine De Smedt. In 2000, he began an intense collaboration with Sidi Larbi Cherkaoui as his artistic partner within the company Les Ballets C. de la B. They co‐created RIEN DE RIEN (2000), FOI (2003), TEMPUS FUGIT(2004), and MYTH (2006). In 2002 he created the piece D'AVANT in collaboration with Cherkaoui, Luc Dunberry and Juan Kruz Diaz de Garaio Esnaola. In 2005, he did the short movie THE UNCLEAR AGE, co‐directed with Erna Ómarsdóttir and the movie makers Dumspiro. Together with Ómarsdóttir, Gabriela Fridriksdóttir and Raven he created the piece OFAETT (UNBORN) for the Theatre National de Bretagne. In 2006, he created the short duet ALEKO for the Museum of Contemporary Art of Aomori, Japan, in collaboration with Sidi Larbi Cherkaoui and Alexandra Gilbert. Damien Jalet just co‐directed a video with famous photographer Nick Knight and designer Bernhard Willhelm for the presentation of his men collection. He assisted Sidi Larbi Cherkaoui for the creation of the piece IN MEMORIAM for Les Ballets de Monte‐ Carlo and LOIN for the Ballet of the Grand Theatre of Geneva. Damien Jalet studied Ethnomusicology and polyphonic singing with Giovanna Marini, Christine Leboutte, Nando Acquaviva, and Nicole Casalonga. He has been collaborating with Arthur Nauzyciel since 2006 : for the creation of THE IMAGE by Samuel Beckett (2006), JULIUS CAESAR by Shakespeare (2008), ORDET (2008), he was also choreographer and dancer for the SEA MUSEUM (LE MUSEE DE LA MER) by Marie Darrieussecq, created in 2009. JOSE LEVY Costume Design José Lévy was born in Paris. In total discrepancy with the 80’s trends and moods, his first collections pay homage to French artists Jacques Tati, Patrick Modiano or Jacques Demy and immediately put him on the international map. Recipient of many awards (Andam, Grand Prix de la Ville de Paris…), he even shows some of his works at the Fondation Cartier. In 13 years, he imposes his trademark to men’s fashion with his own label, José Lévy à Paris, and asserts himself as a one of a kind colorist as much as a sharp‐eyed tailor. In the same breath, he collaborates with household names like Holland & Holland, Nina Ricci, Cacharel and Emmanuel Ungaro. Aiming to reach a larger audience, José Lévy also designs exclusive products for Monoprix, La Redoute or André. From the very beginning, the free and ever curious José, eclectic and focused, has exercised his keen gaze in collaborating with numerous artists (photographers and/or contemporary artists like Jack Pierson, Gotscho, Nan Goldin, Parenno, Jean Pierre Khazem, The Kolkoz ; architects such as Xavier Gonzales, or musicians like Jay Jay Johanson and Benjamin Biolay ). Since 2007, he dedicates himself fully to this crosswise creation in between plastic arts and design. The Museum of Decorative Arts set at 107, Rue de Rivoli in Paris, has recently invited him to exhibit the collection of porcelain objects he designed for Deshoulières. ORDET is a first collaboration to a theatre project. JOEL HOURBEIGT Lighting Design Famous for the subtlety and sensitivity of his work, he collaborated regularly over the years with some of the greatest theater directors such as Claude Régy, Alain Françon, Eric Vigner, Valère Novarina... For Arthur Nauzyciel, before ORDET he designed the lights for PLACE DES HEROS (HELENPLATZ) by Thomas Bernhard at the Comédie‐Française. XAVIER JACQUOT Sound Design He studied at the Théâtre National in Strasburg, where he has chaired the “sound and video” department from 2005 to 2008. He has worked regularly with Eric Vigner, Thierry Collet, Daniel Mesguich, Xavier Maurel, Stéphane Braunschweig and on short features for the screen. For Arthur Nauzyciel he designed the sound FOR LE MALADE IMAGINAIRE OU LE SILENCE DE MOLIÈRE, BLACK BATTLES WITH DOGS and HAPPY DAYS. Cast PASCAL GREGGORY, Mikkel Borgen, father Pascal Greggory was a member of the children’s choir at the Paris Opera, then took drama courses and was admitted to the National Theatre Conservatory. He played small parts in the theatre and in film. During the 1970s, he met André Téchiné, who cast him in LES SOEURS BRONTË (THE BRONTË SISTERS) (1979) and Eric Rohmer, who cast him in three films: LE BEAU MARIAGE (1982), PAULINE À LA PLAGE (PAULINE AT THE BEACH) (1983) AND L’ARBRE, LE MAIRE ET LA MÉDIATHÈQUE (1993). A favorite actor of Patrice Chéreau, he worked with him in the theatre before shooting LA REINE MARGOT (QUEEN MARGOT), for which he received his first César award nomination. It marked the beginning of a beautiful collaboration, leading to CEUX QUI M’AIMENT PRENDRONT LE TRAIN (THOSE WHO LOVE ME CAN TAKE THE TRAIN) (1998), SON FRÈRE (2003) and GABRIELLE (2005) starring alongside Isabelle Huppert. Drawn mostly to auteur cinema, Pascal Greggory has worked with Raoul Ruiz, Andrej Zulawski, Ilan Duran Cohen and Jacques Doillon. He was in the Oscar winning movie LA MOME (LA VIE EN ROSE) directed by Olivier Dahan. With scarcer stage appearances in the last few years, he has only performed under the direction of Luc Bondy, Nicole Aubry and Patrice Chéreau: LE TEMPS ET LA CHAMBRE (TIME AND THE ROOM), DANS LA SOLITUDE DES CHAMPS DE COTON (IN THE SOLITUDE OF COTTON FIELDS), PHÈDRE. CATHERINE VUILLEZ, Inger Borgen She studies at the Florent Acting School before entering the Conservatoire National Supérieur d'Art Dramatique. She works classical repertory and contemporary plays with famous directors as Jean‐Pierre Vincent (THE MARRIAGE OF FIGARO), Roger Planchon, (Feydeau, Musset, Calaferte) Klaus Michaël Grüber (DANTON'S DEATH) ; Eric Vigner (THE BONE HOUSE by Roland Dubillard, THE YOUNG MAN by Jean Audureau). Within the Avignon Festival 2009, she played with Nicolas Boucheaud DIS‐MOI QUELQUE CHOSE (Sujets à vif/SACD). With Arthur Nauzyciel, she played LE MALADE IMAGINAIRE OU LE SILENCE DE MOLIÈRE and texts by Armand Salacrou. FREDERIC PIERROT, Mikkel Borgen, son After studying advanced math for a year, Frédéric Pierrot left for the United States, where he discovered show business. Back in France, he decided to take acting courses while working as a crew member on film sets. In 1989, he was cast IN LA VIE ET RIEN D’AUTRE (LIFE AND NOTHING BUT) by Bertrand Tavernier, a director who would go on casting him regularly in his features (CAPITAINE CONAN, 1996, HOLY LOLA, 2004). He had his real breakthrough with English director Ken Loach’s LAND AND FREEDOM. He went on to star in CAPITAINES D’AVRIL (APRIL CAPTAINS) by Maria de Medeiros, FOR EVER MOZART by Jean‐Luc Godard, CIRCUIT CAROLE by Emmanuelle Cuau, LA VIE MODERNE (MODERN LIFE) by Laurence Ferreira Barbosa, IMAGO (JOURS DE FOLIE) by Marie Vermillard, LES SANGUINAIRES by Laurent Cantet, INQUIÉTUDES (A SIGHT FOR SORE EYES) by Gilles Bourdos, and LES REVENANTS (THEY CAME BACK) by Robin Campillo. In 2009, he collaborates with jazzman Henri Texier for the creation of PREVERT BLUES. He read Marie Darrieussecq’s TOM EST MORT (TOM IS DEAD), directed by Arthur Nauzyciel, as part of the Musée Calvet reading series at the 2007 Avignon Festival. JEAN‐MARIE WINLING, Peter Skraedder Jean‐Marie Winling’s stage debut goes back over thirty years, when Mehmet Ulusoy directed him in Nazim Hikmet’s LES LÉGENDES À VENIR (LEGENDS OF LOVE), performed at the Théâtre Gérard Philipe in Saint‐Denis. Two years later, Winling himself directed his first production, LA SENSIBILITÉ FRÉMISSANTE (SHIVERING SENSITIVITY), while still acting under such directors as Claude Risac, Jacques Rosner, Stuart Seide, Jacques Lassalle. During the 1980s, his career was mostly associated with director Antoine Vitez, with whom he shared a long companionship and who cast him in a dozen productions, from BÉRÉNICE (1980) to APPRENTIS SORCIERS (SORCERER’S APPRENTICES) (1988), to HIPPOLYTE, HAMLET, LA MOUETTE (THE SEAGULL), LE HÉRON, LUCRÈCE BORGIA and LE SOULIER DE SATIN (THE SATIN SLIPPER). Since then he has been directed by Jean‐ Pierre Vincent, Eric Lacascade, and Alain Françon, among others, while being cast in films directed by Jean‐Paul Rappeneau (CYRANO DE BERGERAC), Jacques Deray, François Dupeyron, Pierre Granier‐ Deferre, Xavier Giannoli (Golden Palm for Best Short Feature at the 1998 Cannes Festival), Claude Lelouch, Eric Rochant, Xavier Beauvois, Christophe Honoré… CHRISTINE VEZINET, Kirstine Skraedder After studying with Patrice Chéreau at the actor’s Nanterre Amandier school in the eighties, she works with famous directors like Daniel Mesguisch, Alain Françon, Luis Pasqual, Jean‐Louis Martinellli, Claude Buchvald. She has been cast in films directed by André Téchiné, Jacques Rivette, Philippe Le Guay. She is 1985 Villa Medicis Hors‐les‐Murs scholar ‐ for the United States. XAVIER GALLAIS, Johannes Borgen After studying at the Conservatoire National Supérieur d'Art Dramatique, his parts on stage go from Sophocle (ELECTRA) to Shakespeare (MUCH ADO ABOUT NOTHING, ROMEO AND JULIETTE) as well as Woody Allen (ADULTERIES) or Koltès (ROBERTO ZUCCO for which he won the Molière award for best new actor). He directed SLEEPLESS NIGHTS by Fedor Dostoievski BENOIT GIROS, Doctor Houen He worked with such directors as Eric Vigner, Jacques Nichet, Bernard Sobel. During five years he worked in a street theatre company ECLAT IMMÉDIAT ET DURABLE. He has been cast in films directed by Jean‐ Luc Perréard, Jean‐Louis Bertucelli and recently by Rachid Bouchareb in INDIGÈNES. He was awarded the critics’ prize for best actor at the Angers Festival for QUAND TU DESCENDRAS DU CIEL by Eric Guirado. In 2009, he created his first staging L’IDÉE DU NORD (THE IDEA OF NORTH) by Glenn Gould while he was associate artist at the Centre Dramatique National Orléans/Loiret/Centre. He is 2008 Villa Medicis Hors‐les‐Murs scholar. PIERRE BAUX, Pastor Bandbul A self‐taught performer, he started working with such directors as Jean Danet, Pierre Meyrand, Jacques Mauclair. He was then directed by Frédéric Fisbach, Jeanne Champagne, Jacques Rebotier, Eric Vigner and François Verret. He has been a regular with Jacques Nichet (MEASURE FOR MEASURE, FAUT PAS PAYER (NON SI PAGA, NON SI PAGA!)) and Ludovic Lagarde (PLATONOV, IVANOV, SOEURS ET FRÈRES (SISTERS AND BROTHERS), THE CAUCASIAN CHALK CIRCLE, THE FAIRY QUEEN, RICHARD III…). He directed Heiner Müller’s QUARTETT starring Célie Pauthe. In film, he has worked with Cédric Kahn, Philippe Garrel and Philippe Faucon.