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Ho$ÝÐr` CËnmX,gr_m ewëH$ d godm H$a Am`wŠVmb`
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Ho$ÝÐr` CËnmX, gr_m ewëH$ d godm H$a Am`wŠVmb`
gr.Or.Amo. ^dZ, E.~r. amoS>, BÝXm¡a-452 001 (_.à.)
\$moZ … (0731) 2491246, 2491366
AZw^d Jb{V`m| Ho$ {bE MwZm J`m EH$ Zm_ h¡ - Am°ñH$a dmB©ëS>
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3
amOVa§{JUr
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
{dÎm _§Ìmb`/amOñd {d^mJ
MINISTRY OF FINANCE / DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE
Ho$ÝÐr` CËnmX Ed§ gr_m ewëH$
CENTRAL EXCISE & CUSTOMS
48, ES>{_{ZñQ´>o{Q>d E[a`m, Aaoam {hëg,
aoUwH$m _mZ
48, ADMINISTRATIVE AREA, ARERA HILLS,
Am`wŠV
hmoe§Jm~mX amoS>, ^monmb
HOSHANGABAD ROAD, BHOPAL
{XZm§H$ … 18-12-2007
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A{^ì`ŠV H$aZo H$m Adga XoVr h¡Ÿ& Bggo EH$-Xygao Ho$ {dMmam| H$m kmZ hmoVm h¡Ÿ& {hÝXr ^mfm Ho$
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H$m_H$mO na n‹S>Vm h¡ Am¡a H$m`© _| J{V AmVr h¡Ÿ&
_¢ amOVa§{JUr {d^mJr` n{ÌH$m Ho$ CÁÁdb ^{dî` H$s H$m_Zm H$aVr hÿ± Ed§ BgHo$ 28d|
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aMZmE± A{YH$ gmW©H$ Ed§ Cn`moJr hmoJrŸ&
gYÝ`dmX !
aoUwH$m _mZ
Am`wŠV
Ìw{Q>`m| Ho$ g§emoYZ H$m Zm_ hr CÝZ{V h¡ - bmbm bmOnVam`
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amOVa§{JUr
Am`wŠV Ho$ÝÐr` CËnmX Ed§ gr_m ewëH$
Ho$ÝÐr` CËnmX ewëH$ ^dZ, {Q>H$amnmam
am`nwa (N>.J.) - 492 001
Xya^mf … 0771-2274410, \¡$Šg … 0771-2274464
COMMISSIONER OF CENTRAL EXCISE & CUSTOMS
Central Excise Building, Tikrapara,
Raipur (C.G.) - 492 001
Tel. : 0771-2274410, Fax : 0771-2274464
{dZmoX Hw$_ma Jmo`b
Am`wŠV
{XZm§H$ … 14 OZdar 2008
g§Xoe
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CR>m`m J`m EH$ gahmZr` H$X_ h¡Ÿ&
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5
amOVa§{JUr
^maV gaH$ma
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
{dÎm _§Ìmb`
MINISTRY OF FINANCE
amOñd {d^mJ
DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE
_Yw e_m©
ZB© {Xëbr, {X. 27/12/2007
{ZXoeH$ (amO^mfm)
NEW DELHI, the 27/12/2007
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`h AË`ÝV àgÝZVm H$m {df` h¡ {H$ Ho$ÝÐr` CËnmX ewëH$ Ed§ gr_m ewëH$, BÝXm¡a
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h¡Ÿ& h_mam à`mg hmoZm Mm{hE {H$ BgHo$ _mÜ`_ go {d^mJr` A{YH$m[a`m|/H$_©Mm[a`m| _|
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CÁOdb ^{dî` H$s H$m_Zm H$aVr hÿ±Ÿ&
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h_ Omo ^r H$aVo h¢, O¡gm AmXe© àñVwV H$aVo h¢, CgH$m à^md g_mO na n‹S>Vm h¡ - O`e§H$a àgmX
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XyaXe©Z _| EH$ {dkmnZ - ~m[ae _| EH$ N>moQ>m ~ÀMm amñVo _| {Jao no‹S> H$mo hQ>mZo H$s AHo$bm H$mo{ee H$aVm
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OmVm h¡ Am¡a éH$m `mVm`mV gwJ_Vm go Mb n‹S>Vm h¡ - ""Vw_ Mbmo Vmo {hÝXwñVmZ Mbo...'' ZonÏ` _| JrV ~OVm
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gmoMmo, Xoa hmo JB© h¡ `m {H$ A~ VH$ gmoVo ahoŸ& g§H$ën boZo H$m g_` Zht h¡, Vw_ AHo$bo hmo, `h gmoMZo H$m g_`
^r Zht h¡Ÿ! ~g Am¡a ~g Vw_ Mbmo.... AmJo ~‹T>moŸ& h_Zo A~ VH$ amO^mfm H$mo Zht AnZm`m H$moB© ~mV Zht; A^r
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{Z`_ AnZo Amn nyao hmo OmE|Jo Vw_ OÁ~m n¡Xm H$amo gmao {Z`_ ~Xb OmE±J|Ÿ& _V éH$mo - MbmoŸ&
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amO^mfm Ho$ àeñV nW H$m 28dm± _rb H$m nËWa "amOVa§{JUr' Ho$ ê$n _| AmnH$mo gmXa g_{n©V h¡Ÿ& Bg
Cå_rX Ho$ gmW {H$ - ""Vw_ {bImo Vmo H$m_ Mbo Am¡a Vw_ Mbmo Vmo {hÝXwñVmZ Mbo...''Ÿ&
O` {hÝX !
AéU Hw$_ma O¡Z
ghm`H$ {ZXoeH$ (amO^mfm)
{ZdoXZ … `h A§H$ AmnH$mo H¡$gm bJm? AnZr à{V{H«$`m/_mJ©Xe©Z Adí` X| Vm{H$ h_mam _mJ© àeñV Am¡a à`mg \$br^yV hm|Ÿ&
gËH$_m] Ho$ VoO Ho$ AmJo C_« Aga Zht H$aVr - A_¥Vbmb ZmJa
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amï´>^mfm Am¡a amO^mfm _| AÝVa
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boIm narjm … àJ{V H$s Amoa...
amï´>n{V nwañH$ma... ~YmB©`m± !
H$mCÝQ>a Zr{V
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H$a And§MZamoYr A{ÛVr` àH$aU
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g§H$bZ _| gånmXH$s` H$m¡eb ñnï> PbH$Vm h¡Ÿ&
_¢ AmnHo$ à`mgm| H$m A{^Z§XZ H$aVm hÿ±Ÿ&
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{Z~§Y ""gm{hË` Ho$ gamoH$ma'' (arVm ZJaH$a) AÀN>m bJmŸ& boI
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CpŠV`wŠV [anmoQ>© ^r AÀN>r bJrŸ& amï´>r` {hÝXr AH$mX_r (AÜ`j,
ñdXoe ^maVr) Ûmam Am`mo{OV 19d| A{Ib ^maVr` amO^mfm
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Hw$N> gwPmd-_wIn¥ð> na Ad{Y ({Xdg {V{W) ^r X|Ÿ& àË`oH$ n¥ð>
na n{ÌH$m-Zm_ Ho$ ~mX àH$meZ ñWmZ ^r X|Ÿ& {MÌm| Ho$ ZrMo
n[aM`mË_H$ {MÌ-{ddaU X|Ÿ& _w»` Am`wŠV Ho$ g§Xoe H$mo n{ÌH$m Ho$
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gå~ÝY Zht ah OmVm h¡Ÿ&
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9
amOVa§{JUr
gånmXH$ H$s H$b_ go JrVm H$m Xe©Z ~mobVm h¡Ÿ& CZH$s H$b_ _|
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H$_© gXm H$aVo ahmo - \$b na H$amo Z Jm¡aŸ&
no‹S bJmVm H$moB© Am¡a h¡ - \$b ImVm H$moB© Am¡aŸ&&
XrnH$ H$m hmoVm Zht - H$^r gdoao _mZŸ&
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AdJw§{R>V, n[ado{ð>V VWm gwgpÁOV amOamZr amOVa§{JUr H$s
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à{Vdf© H$s ^m±{V Bg df© H$m A§H$ ^r CÀMH$mo{Q> H$m ~Z n‹S>m h¡Ÿ&
Cg_| _mÌ Am§H$‹S>o Am¡a à{VdoXZ hr Zht h¡ - Eogo AÀN>o AmboI h¡ Omo
öX`ñneu h¡Ÿ&
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10
amOVa§{JUr
(Am`wŠV _hmoX` Ho$ CX²~moYZ H$m A{dH$b ê$n)
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AmO amï´> 59dm± JUV§Ì {Xdg _Zm ahm h¡Ÿ& Bg nmdZ {Xdg H$s godm _| h_mam `moJXmZ gmW©H$ {gÕ hmoJmŸ&
Ho$ Cnbú` _| _¢ Amn g^r H$mo hm{X©H$ ~YmB©`m± Ed§ ew^H$m_ZmE±
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Ed§ g¡Ý`epŠV Ho$ ê$n _| {díd H$s EH$ _hmepŠV Ho$ ê$n _| C^aH$a
gm_Zo Am`m h¡Ÿ&
h_mam Am`wŠVmb` nyU©V… ñWm{nV h¡, BgH$s AnZr
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CÝZ{V H$s Amoa AJ«ga h¢Ÿ& amOñd dgybr H$s AÀN>r pñW{V Ho$
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H$_©Mm[a`m| Zo joÌr` ñVa na _hËdnyU© CnbpãY`m± àmßV H$s h¢Ÿ&
gånyU© Am`wŠVmb` H$s ew^H$m_ZmE± CZHo$ gmW h¢ Am¡a h_ Amem
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Ho$ {bE emgZ Zo amï´>n{V nXH$ go gå_m{ZV {H$`m h¡, h_ CÝh|
~YmB© XoVo h¢Ÿ&
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Ho$ gmW n[adV©Z ñdrH$ma {H$E OmVo h¢ Am¡a BgH$m à^md h_mao
{d^mJ H$s H$m`©àUmbr Ed§ {Z`_mdbr na ^r n‹S>m h¡Ÿ& Ho$ÝÐr`
CËnmX ewëH$ A{Y{Z`_, 1944 _| ~Zm`m J`m Wm bo{H$Z
A^yVnyd© n[adV©Z Ho$ gmW AmO dh ""Ho$ÝÐr` _yë`d{Y©V ewëH$''
(CENVAT) Ho$ ê$n _| h_mao gm_Zo h¡Ÿ& ^maVr` gr_m ewëH$
A{Y{Z`_, 1962 _| ~Zm`m J`m Wm, {dÎm A{Y{Z`_, 1994 Ho$
AmYma na godm H$a bmJy {H$`m J`m h¡Ÿ& nyd© _| {Z`§{ÌV AW©ì`dñWm
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Ho$ Xm¡a _| h_mar ^y{_H$m {Z`§ÌH$ Ho$ ~Om` ì`mnma Am¡a CÚmoJ OJV² ew^H$m_ZmE± Ed§ ~YmB© XoVm hÿ±Ÿ& h_mao Am`wŠVmb` _| gr_m ewëH$
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Ho$ gh`moJr Ho$ ê$n _| {dH${gV hwB© h¡Ÿ&
ñWm{nV h¢Ÿ& h_mam gr_m ewëH$ H$m dm{f©H$ amOñd H$ar~ 190
^{dî` _| h_mao {d^mJ H$s H$m`©nÕ{V A{YH$Va {ZdmaH$,
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boIm narjm Am¡a godm H$a na Ho$pÝÐV hmoJrŸ& h_| AnZr _mZ{gH$Vm
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g_` H$s _m±J Ho$ AZwê$n ~ZmZr hmoJrŸ& h_ H$mZyZ Ho$ Xm`ao _| ahH$a
Bg_| d¥{Õ hmoJrŸ&
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amï´> {Z_m©VmAm| Zo JUV§Ì H$s Omo AdYmaUm h_| Xr h¡ Cg_|
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_¢ Bg nwZrV Adga na EH$ ~ma {\$a Amn g^r H$mo hm{X©H$
g§VmofàX h¡ bo{H$Z godm H$a Ho$ joÌ _| h_ A^r VH$ {nN>‹S>o hþE h¢Ÿ&
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11
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Am_§{ÌV boI
S>m°. {dO` AJ«dmb
nyd© Cn _hm{ZXoeH$
nÌ gyMZm H$m`m©b`, ^monmb
O~ {hÝXwñVmZ AmOmX hþAm V~ àW_ ñdV§ÌVm Am§XmobZ H$mo
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h¢Ÿ&
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{gnm{h`m| H$m {dÐmoh WmŸ& gm_mÝ`V… B{Vhmg Ho$ boIZ H$mo boH$a Omo
dJ©{hV h¢, do `hm§ ^r XoIZo H$mo {_bVo h¢Ÿ& Ohm± Cn{ZdoedmXr VmH$V|,
Bgo {gnm{h`m| H$m {dÐmoh Am¡a emgH$m| Ho$ Ag§Vmof H$s A{^ì`{º$
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Am§XmobZ ~VmVo ahoŸ&
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{_br, CgZo Bg ~mV Ho$ {bE H$moB© H$moa-H$ga Zht N>mo‹S>r {H$ `h
{H$Vm~ ^maV _| Z hr Am nm`oŸ& gZ² 1909 go boH$a 1947 VH$ nyao
{~«{Q>e emgZ H$mb _| `h {H$Vm~ à{V~§{YV ahrŸ& gZ² 1857 Ho$
Am§XmobZ Ho$ ~mX gZ² 1858 _| _hmamZr {dŠQ>mo[a`m H$m Omo KmofUm
nÌ Am`m Wm, Cg_| H$hm J`m Wm {H$ {~«{Q>e gaH$ma A~ ^maV Ho$
gm_m{OH$ Am¡a gm§ñH¥${VH$ _m_bm| _| H$moB© hñVjon Zht H$aoJrŸ& `{X
Bg {~ÝXw H$m {díbofU {H$`m OmE, Vmo h_| Bg Am§XmobZ Ho$ ñdê$n Ho$
~mao _| g§Xoh H$aZo H$s {deof J§wOmBe Zht ah OmVrŸ& `h R>rH$ h¡ {H$
Am§XmobZ H$s qMJmar M~r© bJo H$maVyg H$mo Xm§V go H$mQ>Zo go ewê$ hþB©
Wr, bo{H$Z `h BVZr ~‹S>r ~mV Zht Wr {H$ dh BVZo ~‹S>o Am§XmobZ H$m
ê$n bo boŸ& gM `hr h¡ {H$ Bg qMJmar Ho$ ^‹S>H$Vo hr nyao {hÝXwñVmZ _|
ImgH$a CÎma-nydu Ed§ _Ü` ^maV _| OZ-OZ VH$ `h Am§XmobZ
{~Zm {H$gr {deof OZg§Mma _mÜ`_ Ho$ \¡$b J`m WmŸ& `h ~mV ^r H$_
_hËdnyU© Zht h¡ {H$ `{X `h {gnm{h`m| H$m hr Am§XmobZ Wm, Vmo do
{gnmhr {hÝXwñVmZ Ho$ Jm§d Ho$ Jar~ V~Ho$ go hr AmE hþE bmoJ WooŸ&
ñdm^m{dH$ Wm {H$ `{X {gnm{h`m| Zo hr Am§XmobZ {H$`m Wm Vmo CZgo
Ow‹S>o hþE bmoJm| H$m Bggo AbJ ah nmZm _w_{H$Z Zht WmŸ&
Ohm§ VH$ amOo-aOdm‹S>m| Ho$ Am§XmobZ H$s ~mV h¡, {ZpíMV ê$n go
CÎma ^maV Ho$ amOo-aOdm‹S>o Bg_| g~go A{YH$ em{_b hþE Am¡a
BgHo$ {bE bmS>© S>bhm¡Or H$s ghm`H$ g§{Y VWm CÎmam{YH$mar Ho$
{Z`_ A{YH$ {Oå_oXma aho, {OÝh| J¡a à{V{H«$`mdmXr g§{Y`m± H$hm Om
gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& `hm± h_| Xmo ~mVm| na Ü`mZ XoZm hmoJm nhbr Vmo `h {H$
AnZo amOm-_hmamOmAm| Ho$ à{V ^maVr` OZVm CZHo$ Ûmam {H$`o
OmZo dmbo AZoH$ AË`mMmam| Ho$ ~mdOyX Omo bJmd _hgyg H$aVr Wr,
n[apñW{V`m| Ho$ AZwHy$b ñd`§ H$mo T>mbZo H$m Zm_ h¡ OrdZ - S>m°. amYmH¥$îUZ
12
amOVa§{JUr
Cg OZ_mZg H$s Cnojm Zht H$s OmZr Mm{hEŸ& ^maVr` g§gX _|
AmO ^r BZHo$ à{V{Z{Y H$mo XoIH$a `h AZw_mZ bJm`m Om gH$Vm h¡
{H$ OZ_mZg AmO ^r AnZo AmnH$mo CZHo$ Bg à^m_§S>b go nyar Vah
_wŠV Zht H$a nm`m h¡Ÿ& Vmo Š`m Cg g_`, O~{H$ do grYo-grYo AnZo
emgH$m| H$mo Xod à{V{Z{Y _mZVo Wo, CZgo Ow‹S>o hþE Zht aho hm|J|?
amOmAm| H$s ~Im©ñVJr H$mo AnZo emgH$m| Ho$ à{V {H$`m J`m Kmoa
AÝ`m` _mZH$a OZVm CZHo$ gmW ghmZw^y{V OVmVo hþE A§J«oOm| Ho$
{Ibm\$ I‹S>r hmo JB© WrŸ&
Xygar ~mV Cg g_` {hÝXwñVmZ H$s ~Xhmb Am{W©H$ pñW{V go
Ow‹S>r hþB© h¡, {OgH$s ewéAmV gZ² 1765 H$s ~§Jmb H$s Xmohar
àemgZ àUmbr go hmo JB© WrŸ& XñVH$mar H$mo _erZ Zo Zï> H$a {X`m
WmŸ& amOm-_hmamOmAm| na H$a H$m X~md bJmVma ~‹T>Vm hr Om ahm
WmŸ& ñdm^m{dH$ Wm {H$ Eogo _| `o Xoer` emgZ OZVm H$mo AàË`j ê$n
go `h {dídmg {XbmZo _| g\$b hmo J`o Wo {H$ Eogm A§J«oOm| Ho$ H$maU hmo
ahm h¡Ÿ& hmbm{H$, Bggo nhbo ^r H$^r-H$^r Am¡a H$ht-H$ht Ho$
amOmAm| Zo AnZr OZVm na H$a H$m H$m\$r ~moP S>mb aIm Wm Am¡a
CZHo$ {Ibm\$ ñWmZr` ñVam| na H¥$fH$ Am§XmobZ ^r hþE WoŸ& bo{H$Z
1850 Ho$ Amgnmg VH$ bmoJ Bg H$a àUmbr Ho$ {Oå_oXma dJ© H$mo
H$m\$s Hw$N> nhMmZZo bJo WoŸ& Bg{bE O~ amOo-aOdm‹S>m| Zo hr A§J«oOm|
Ho$ {Ibm\$ h{W`ma CR>m {b`o, Vmo `h {H$gmZm| Ho$ {bE EH$ AÀN>m
_m¡H$m Wm {H$ do AnZo emgH$m| Ho$ gmW I‹S>o hmoH$a AnZo AmnH$mo {dXoer
Jwbm_r go _wº$ H$a b| Am¡a CÝhm|Zo Eogm hr {H$`mŸ&
`hr H$maU ahm {H$ O~ 1858 _| _hmamZr {dŠQ>mo[a`m H$m
KmofUm-nÌ Am`m Wm, Vmo Cg_| Ho$db `hr Zht H$hm J`m {H$ amOoaOdm‹S>m| Ho$ _m_bo _| hñVjon Z {H$`m Om`o, ~pëH$ `h ^r H$hm J`m
{H$ dhm§ Ho$ g_mO Am¡a g§ñH¥${V _| ^r H$moB© hñVojn Z {H$`m Om`oŸ&
hmbm{H$, bmoH$ VËd H$mo B{Vhmg H$m àm_m{UH$ XñVmdoO Vmo
Zht _mZm OmVm, {\$a ^r do _m¡OyX àm_m{UH$ XñVmdoOm| H$mo {díbo{fV
H$aZo Ho$ EH$ _hËdnyU© òmoV Ho$ ê$n _| Vmo H$m_ H$aVo hr h¢Ÿ& Bg Ñ{ï> go
`h OmZZm H$_ _hËdnyU© Zht h¡ {H$ {~hma Am¡a CÎmaàXoe Ho$ H$B©
N>moQ>o-N>moQ>o ZJam| Am¡a Jm±dm| _| Eogo _§{Xa VWm ñ_¥{V erbmE§ AmO ^r
XoIr Om gH$Vr h¢, {OZH$s bmoJ nyOm-nmR> H$aVo h¢ Am¡a Ohm§ OmH$a
_ÝZVo _m§JVo h¢Ÿ& `o _§{Xa CZ ñWmZr` Zm`H$m| H$s `mX _| ~Zm`o JE h¢,
{OZH$m g§~§Y 1857 Ho$ {dÐmoh go WmŸ& CÎmaàXoe Ho$ AmO_J‹T> {Obo
Ho$ Jm§d _PCdm _| ehrX ~m~m H$m nyOm ñWb h¡, Omo EH$ IoV _| Mma
J‹S>o hþE nËWam| Ho$ ê$n _| _m¡OyX h¢Ÿ& {~hma Ho$ Amam {Obo _| emhnwa
~mOma Ho$ nmg Hw$N> g_wXm`m| Ho$ bmoJ a§OrV ~m~m Ho$ XodVm Ho$ ê$n _|
nyOVo h¢Ÿ& `h a§OrV ~m~m 1857 Ho$ {dÐmoh Ho$ Xm¡amZ A§J«oOm| go bmohm
boVo hþE ehrX hþE WoŸ& ~wÝXobI§S> H$s PbH$mar ~mB© H$mo OZ_mZg
~hþV lÕm go `mX H$aVm h¡Ÿ& ~oJ_ hOaV _hb H$s ~m§Xr CfmXodr H$mo
CÎmaàXoe Ho$ _Ü`dVu BbmH$m| _| Zm{`H$m H$s Vah nyOm OmVm h¡Ÿ&
1857 Ho$ ñdV§ÌVm Am§XmobZ Ho$ Xm¡amZ _mbdm Ed§ _Ü`^maV Ho$ ñdmV§Í` dram| Zo ~‹T>-M‹T>H$a {hñgm {b`m Wm,
Cgr Xm¡amZ Xmo AZm_ dram| H$mo Xr Om ahr \$m±gr Ho$ Xwb©^ _m{_©H$ jUm| H$mo Xem©Vm dmñV{dH$ \$moQ>moŸ&
~wamB© AŠga hmdr hmo OmVr h¡, OrVVr H$^r Zht - Omogo\$ am°Šg
13
amOVa§{JUr
_mÝ`Vm h¡ {H$ "Q>§{Q>`m ^rb' Ho$ Bg g_m{Y _§{Xa na Omo ^r
aob Zht éH$Vr h¡ dh AmJo nQ>ar na ^r Zht éH$H$a nQ>ar go CVa
OmVr h¡Ÿ& H$B© aob MmbH$ AmO ^r dhm± hma-Zm[a`b M‹T>mZo Ho$
~mX hr KmQ> Ho$ amñVo na Q´>oZ H$mo AmJo ~‹T>mVo h¢Ÿ&
kmVì` h¡ {H$ Q>§{Q>`m ^rb `m Q>§{Q>`m S>mHy$ Cg g_` H$m EH$
à{gÕ ñdV§ÌVm g§J«m_ goZmZr Wm {OgZo AnZr N>mnm_ma `wÕ
e¡br Ed§ M§X b‹S>mH$m| Ho$ ~yVo _Ü`^maV H$s {~«{Q>e \$m¡Om| Ed§
àemg{ZH$ A{YH$m[a`m| H$s ZmH$ _o| X_ H$a aIm Wm, ~ohX N>ahar
H$m`m Am¡a \w$VubonZ _| CgH$m gmZr Zht Wm, CgHo$ Xwñgmhg Ho$
{H$ñgo AmO ^r _mbdm-{Z_m‹S> Ho$ A§Mb _| OZ-OZ _|
qH$dX{V`m| Ho$ ê$n _|, Am§M{bH$ JrVm| Ho$ Zm`H$ Ho$ ê$n _| {dÚmZ
h¢Ÿ& hmoëH$a [a`mgV, Yma, A_Poam [a`mgV Am¡a _hÿ N>mdZr Ho$
AmJo nmVmbnmZr Ed§ H$mbmHw$§S> Ho$ O§Jbm| Ho$ ~rM àW_ ñdV§ÌVm
g§J«m_ Ho$ Amgnmg Cgr H$s hþHy$_V MbVr WrŸ& CgHo$ Zm_ ^a go
VËH$mbrZ H$ßVmZm| Ho$ hm¢gbo nñV hmo Om`m H$aVo WoŸ&
OZ{dÐmoh H$m EH$ nj Am»`mZm| H$m ^r h¡Ÿ& bmoH$ OrdZ _| AmO
Eogo AZoH$ bmoH$ JrV S>o‹T> gm¡ gmb Ho$ ~mX ^r Or{dV h¢, {OÝh| OZVm
~‹S>r ^mdZm Ho$ gmW JmVr h¡Ÿ& Cg g_` H$s Am_ OZVm _| ñdV§ÌVm
AmÝXmobZ H$s MoVZm {H$g gr_m VH$ ~‹T> JB© Wr, BgH$m A§XmOm Bg
~mV go bJm`m Om gH$Vm h¡ {H$ Cg g_` Ho$ bmoH$ Jm`H$m| Zo _od dram|
H$s àe§gm Am¡a A§J«oOm| H$s ^Ëg©Zm _| Xmoho VH$ {bIo WoŸ& Bg Xmoho H$s
Xmo n§{º$`m§ h¢ …-
{ZnQ>mZ Ho$ {bE H$s Wr, Omo bmoJm| VH$ Zht nhþ±M nmVr WrŸ& nÌm| H$s `h
g§»`m `h {gÕ H$aZo Ho$ {bE n`m©ßV h¡ {H$ H«$m§{V dmbo joÌm| _| A§J«oOm|
Zo {H$VZm AË`mMma {H$`m hmoJmŸ& BVZr ~‹S>r g§»`m Ho$ nrN>o S>mH$
{d^mJ H$m VH©$ Wm {H$ ~JmdV _| ~hþV go bmoJ Vmo _ma {X`o J`o `m AnZo
{R>H$mZm| go nbm`Z H$a J`oŸ&
`h OmZZm amoMH$ hmoJm {H$ CÞrgdt eVmãXr Ho$ _Ü` _| ^maVr`
OZVm Zo g§Mma Ho$ {OZ _mÜ`_m| H$m Cn`moJ {H$`m Wm, CZ_| \y$b,
H$_b O¡go àVrH$mË_H$ dñVwAm| Ho$ gmW-gmW nÌ ^r WoŸ& AdY Ho$
bmoH$JrVm| Ho$ V_m_ OJhm| na nÌm| H$s _{h_m Ho$ ~ImZ {_bVo h¢Ÿ& Eogm
hr EH$ àg§J Jm|S>m Ho$ amOm Xodr~»e qgh Ho$ ~mao
_| {_bVm h¡Ÿ& Cg bmoH$JrV _| `h ~Vm`m J`m h¡ {H$ {H$g Vah
Xodr~»e qgh H«$m§{V H$s AmJ H$mo \¡$bmZo Ho$ {bE OJh-OJh
nÌ {bI aho WoŸ& ñnï> h¡ {H$ ~‹S>r g§»`m _| S>m{H$`o ^r dhm± OmZ hWobr
na aIH$a godm H$a aho WoŸ& bmoH$JrV H$s BZ Xmo n§{º$`m| na Jm¡a H$a| ""H$ht-H$ht H$m Mbo gm§{S>`m, H$ht-H$ht MbVo hmWrŸ&
Xog-Xog Am¡a Jm§d-Jm§d H$mo, amOm {b{I ^oOm nmVrŸ&&''
àW_ ñdV§ÌVm Am§XmobZ Ho$ M[aÌ H$m _yë`m§H$Z H$aVo hþE A^r
VH$ AŠga CZ Nw>Q>nwQ> hOmam| KQ>ZmAm| H$s bJ^J AZXoIr gr H$a
Xr JB© h¡, Omo bJ^J Cgr g_` KQ> ahr WrŸ& CXmhaU Ho$ {bE Bgo
EH$ AX²^wV g§`moJ hr H$hm OmEJm {H$ 4 Aà¡b H$mo Ohm§ ~¡aH$nwa _|
_§Jb nm§S>o Am¡a gy~oXma ÑJnmb qgh H$mo \$m§gr na M‹T>m`m Om ahm Wm,
dht Cgr {XZ Aamdbr H$s nhm{‹S>`m| go {Kao gyaOHw§$S> AmZ§Xnwa _|
bInV qgh H$s AÜ`jVm _| A§J«oOm| H$mo Xoe go ~mha IXo‹S>Zo Ho$ {bE
""amgoZm Ho$ _od Zo ^bmo OJm`mo XrZŸ&
gd©Im_ n§Mm`V H$m Am`moOZ hmo ahm WmŸ& Bg n§Mm`V _| {Xëbr Am¡a
H$mH$` _mamñgB Hw$gr© Imbr H$a XrZŸ&&''
Amgnmg Ho$ V_m_ JwO©a à{V{Z{Y`m| Zo ^mJ {b`m WmŸ& am`goZm
A_a ehrX Zram nmgr, Omo CÎmaàXoe Ho$ am`~aobr, _wamam_D$ Jw‹S>Jm§d _| OZ{dÐmoh, {Xëbr na A§J«oOm| H$m A{YH$ma hmo OmZo Ho$ Xmo
Ho$ amOm ~oZr _mYd qgh Ho$ nhaoXma Wo, Am»`mZm| _| EH$ ~hmXwa `moÕm _hrZo ~mX VH$ `m{Z 31 AŠQy>~a 1857 VH$ MbVm ahm Am¡a dhm±
Ho$ ê$n _| `mX {H$`m OmVm h¡Ÿ& CZHo$ ZoV¥Ëd _| _mJamdmam Jm§d Ho$ A§J«oO H$boŠQ>a H$m H$Ëb H$a {X`m J`m WmŸ&
dm{g`m| Zo A§J«oOm| H$mo amoH$Zm Mmhm Wm, {Og_| Xmo hOma nmgr _mao JE
bIZD$ _| Ooåg AmCQ>a_ Zo àË`oH$ `yamonr` H¡$Xr H$mo N>mo‹S>Zo Ho$
WoŸ& `h KQ>Zm gmB© ZXr Ho$ {H$Zmao ~go ~mZr Jm§d _| KQ>r WrŸ& `h {bE Xg hOma én`o XoZo H$s KmofUm H$s WrŸ& bo{H$Z A§J«oOm| Ho$
KQ>Zm Bg joÌ Ho$ dm{g`m| H$s gm_y{hH$ ñ_¥{V Am¡a dm{MH$ naånam H$m {Ibm\$ OZ-AmH«$moe BVZm à~b Wm {H$ XmZo-XmZo H$mo _mohVmO
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EH$ JrV Bg Vah h¡ Amam Ho$ amOm Hw§$Aa {g§h H$m nrN>m H$aZo dmbo bwJmS>© Zo AnZo ~`mZ _|
~Vm`m h¡ {H$ {H$g àH$ma Cgoo Bg Xm¡amZ Am_ OZVm Ûmam I‹S>r H$s JB©
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naoem{Z`m| H$m gm_Zm H$aZm n‹S>mŸ& Cg g_` {\$a§Jr eãX K¥Um H$m
A§J«oOm| Ho$ Vmon go C‹S>r, {\$a ~Z ahr ~mZrŸ&&''
ÚmoVH$ ~Z MwH$m Wm Am¡a CZHo$ Vm¡a-VarH$m| Ho$ à{V bmoJm| Ho$ _Z _|
`h VÏ` ^r H$_ _hËdnyU© Zht h¡ {H$ 1857 go 1858 H$s H«$moY Am¡a K¥Um H$m ^md WmŸ& `h g~ Hw$N> ì`mnH$ bmoH$ OmJaU Ho$
H«$m§{V Ho$ Xm¡amZ S>mH$ {d^mJ _| [aH$mS>© 23 bmI {M{Q²>R>`m± bm¡Q>H$a {~Zm H$VB© g§^d Zht WmŸ&
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kmZ H$m {ZamXa AnZo hr _pñVîH$ H$m An_mZ h¡ - {Zambm
14
amOVa§{JUr
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lr E_.gr. R>mHw$a, _w»` Am`wŠV H$m
dm{f©H$ {ZarjU Ho$ Xm¡amZ ñdmJV H$aVo
hþE lr Or.Ama. _rUm, Am`wŠV
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gbm_r naoS> H$aVm hþAm {gnm{h`m| H$m XñVm
""{MÝVZ''
lr E_.gr. R>mHw$a, _w»` Am`wŠV, amOñd dgybr
na lr Or.Ama. _rUm, Am`wº$ Ed§
lr Ama.Ho$. Vbm{O`m, Ana Am`wŠV go MMm©aV²
{hÝXr Xoe H$s EH$Vm H$s H$‹S>r h¡ - S>m°. Om{H$a hþg¡Z
A§H$ 28
amOVa§{JUr
""ñdmJV''
_w»` A{V{W S>m°. ^mJraW àgmX, Hw$bn{V
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H$mo nwîn JwÀN> ^|Q> H$aVo hþE
lr Or.Ama. _rUm, Am`wŠV
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lr dr. h[ahaZ, Am`wŠV (Anrëg)
""d§XZ²''
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lr AéU Hw$_ma O¡Z,
ghm`H$ {ZXoeH$ (amO^mfm)
amï´>^mfm Ho$ àMma H$mo _¢ amï´>r`Vm H$m A§J _mZVm hÿ± - S>m°. amOoÝÐ àgmX
A§H$ 28
amOVa§{JUr
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g^m H$mo CX²~mo{YV H$aVo
hþE lr Or.Ama. _rUm, Am`wŠV
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S>m°. ^mJraW àgmX, Hw$bn{V
Xodr A{hë`m {díd{dÚmb`, BÝXm¡a
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Am`wŠVmb` H$s Amoa go ggå_mZ
S>m°. ^mJraW àgmX H$mo ñZoh àVrH$ ^|Q>
H$aVo hþE lr Or.Ama. _rUm, Am`wŠV
{hÝXr EH$ g_¥Õ ^mfm h¡, Cgo AZwdmX H$s ^mfm Z ~ZZo X| - S>m°. e§H$a X`mb e_m©
A§H$ 28
amOVa§{JUr
""gå_mZ''
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nwañH$ma d à_mU-nÌ J«hU H$aVo hþE
lr ^maV ^yfU ~m°W_, {ZarjH$
""Jm`Z''
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lr AO` Vmo_a, {ZarjH$ Ed§ gmWr
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H$m`©H«$_ H$m AmZ§X boVo hwE
Cn{ñWV A{YH$marJU
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A§H$ 28
amOVa§{JUr
- a{dÝÐZmW ^maÛmO
àW_ ñdV§ÌVm AmXmobZ Ho$ H${Vn` A_a ehrXm| H$m g§{jßV n[aM`
~oJ_ OrZV _hb
~oJ_ OrZV _hb gZ² 1857 H$s
H«$m{V Ho$ à_wI ~hmXwaemh Oµ\$a H$s ~oJ_
WtŸ& BÝhm|Zo AnZo em¡ha Ed§ g¡{ZH$m| H$mo
H«$m§{V _| ^mJ boZo hoVw ào[aV {H$`mŸ& O~
A§J«oOm| Zo ~hmXwa emh µO\$a H$mo C_« H¡$X H$s
gOm XoH$a å`m§_ma H$s _m§S>bo Oob _| aIm
V~ ~oJ_ ^r BZHo$ gmW WtŸ& ~oJ_ H$s àoaUm go hr ~mXemh µO\$a Zo
Bgr Oob _| dVZ H$s `mX _| H$B© à{gÕ JµOb| {bItŸ&
AYrjH$ (bo.n.)
BÝXm¡a
An©U H$a {X`mŸ& AZoH$ `wÕm| _| Hw$_maqgh Zo A§J«oOm| H$mo namñV
H$aVo hþE 23 Aà¡b, 1858 H$mo AnZo _hb _| àdoe {H$`m, bo{H$Z
26 Aà¡b, 1858 H$mo, do draJ{V H$mo àmßV hþEŸ&
_§Jb nmÊS>o
29 _mM©, 1857 H$mo nm§Mdt H$ånZr
H$s 34dt ao{O_oÝQ> Ho$ 1446 Z§. Ho$ {gnmhr
_§Jb nmÊS>o Zo aUKmof Jw±Om {X`mŸ& ""^mB`m|,
CR>mo, Vwåh| Y_© H$s gm¡J§Y AmOmXr Ho$ {bE
BZ {\$a§{J`m| na VËH$mb àhma H$amoŸ&'' O~
A§J«oO gmO}ÝQ> _oOa øygZ Zo H$‹S>H$Vr
AmdmO _| _§Jb nmÊS>o H$mo I‹S>o hmoZo H$m
Hw$_ma qgh
AmXoe {X`m, Vmo _§Jb nmÊS>o H$s EH$ hr Jmobr go dh Yamem`r hmo
J`mŸ& bopâQ>Z|Q> ~m°~ Zo _§Jb nmÊS>o H$mo KoaZm Mmhm naÝVw _§Jb
OJXrenwa ({~hma) Ho$ amOm
nmÊS>o Zo Vbdma go CgH$m ^r H$m_ V_m_ H$a {X`mŸ& VËníMmV²
Hw$_maqgh Zo 80 df© H$s Am`w _| 1857 H$s
H$Z©b ìhrba _§Jb nmÊS>o H$s Amoa ~‹T>mŸ& Bg ~ma g^r g¡{ZH$ JaO
H«$m§{V _| ^mJ {b`m WmŸ& `o Jw[aëbm `wÕ Ho$
CR>o ""I~aXma, Omo H$moB© AmJo ~‹T>mŸ& AmO h_ Vwåh| Bg n{dÌ
kmVm WoŸ& gmdaH$a Ho$ eãXm| _| ""N>Ìn{V
~«m÷U H$mo ñne© Zht H$aZo X|JoŸ&'' BgHo$ ~mX _§Jb nmÊS>o Zo AnZr
{edmOr Ho$ ~mX Jw[aëbm `wÕ Ho$ _hËd H$mo
~§XyH$ go ñd`§ na Jmobr XmJrŸ& Km`b AdñWm _| CÝh| ~§Xr ~Zm
Hw$_maqgh Zo hr g_Pm WmŸ& VmË`m Q>mono
{b`m J`mŸ& A§J«oOm| Zo CZgo H«$m§{V H$s `moOZm VWm CgHo$ gm{W`m|
Xwí_Zm| H$mo ZB© goZm I‹S>r H$aZo VWm AnZr
goZm H$s gwajm Zht hmoZo XoZm, ~Iy~r H$aVo WoŸ& BZ XmoZm| JwUm| Ho$ Ho$ ~mao _| OmZH$mar boZo H$m ~hþV à`mg {H$`m, bo{H$Z do g\$b Zht
Abmdm Hw$_maqgh Xwí_Z H$s goZm H$m g\$m`m ~war Vah H$aVo WoŸ&'' hmo gHo$Ÿ& AV… AmR> Aà¡b AQ²>R>mah gm¡ gÎmmdZ (8 Aà¡b,
EH$ ~ma O~ A§J«oOr goZm CZH$m nrN>m H$a ahr Wt, Hw$_maqgh H$s 1857) H$mo _§Jb nmÊS>o H$mo \$m§gr Xo Xr JB©Ÿ&
goZm ~{b`m Ho$ nmg hm{W`m| na J§Jm ZXr H$mo nma H$aZo dmbr WrŸ&
_m¡bdr Ah_X emh
A§J«oOr goZmn{V S>Jbg EH$ ~hþV ~‹S>r goZm boH$a J§Jm Ho$ {H$Zmao
B§VOma H$aZo bJmŸ& bo{H$Z Hw$_maqgh Zo AnZr goZm H$mo ~{b`m go
`o \¡$Om~mX CÎmaàXoe Ho$ ahZo dmbo WoŸ& BZH$s Jw[aëbm
gmV _rb nhbo {edamOnwa Zm_H$ ñWmZ go J§Jm nma H$adm XrŸ& O~ aUZr{V gZ² 1857 H$s H«$m§{V _| AË`ÝV
S>Jbg H$mo Bg MH$_o H$m nVm Mbm Vmo dh ^mJVm hþAm {edamOnwa H$maJa ahrŸ& haX_ A§J«oOr goZmn{V`m| H$mo
nhþ±Mm, Cg g_` Hw$_ma qgh ZXr nma H$a aho WoŸ& S>Jbg H$s goZm _m¡bdr Ah_Xemh H$m Im¡\$ ImVm WmŸ& do
Zo Jmo{b`m| H$s dfm© H$a XrŸ& EH$ Jmobr Hw$_maqgh Ho$ ~m`| hmW H$s g^r gmYZm| Ho$ ~mdOyX Ah_Xemh H$mo
H$bmB© Vmo‹S>Vr hþB© {ZH$b JB©Ÿ& Jmobr H$m Oha \¡$bo Bg{bE
Zht nH$‹S> gHo$Ÿ& dra gmdaH$aOr Zo AnZo
Hw$_maqgh Zo Vbdma go AnZo nyao ~m`| hmW H$mo H$mQ>H$a J§Jm H$mo
J«§W ""BpÊS>`Z dma Am°\$ BpÝS>noÝS>|g
CËgmh _Zwî` H$s ^m½`erbVm H$m _mnXÊS> h¡ - {Vê$dëbyAa
15
amOVa§{JUr
1857'' Ho$ Zd| ^mJ _| bJ^J Mm¡Xh noO _m¡bdr Ah_X emh na JB©Ÿ& A§J«oO A\$gam| Zo {ZemZr Ho$ ~Vm¡a VmË`m Ho$ {ga Ho$ ~mbm| Ho$
{bIoŸ& AdY _| nm¡dZ Ho$ amOm OZH$amOqgh Zo YmoIo go CZH$mo JwÀN>o {ZH$mbH$a AnZo nmg aI {b`o WoŸ&
~wbmH$a {ga H$b_ H$a A§J«oOm| go 50 hOma én`o H$m BZm_ bo
AOr_wëbm Im§
{b`mŸ&
`o ~hþV hr Jar~ n[adma go Wo VWm
ZmZm gmh~ noedm
EH$ A§J«oO n[adma _| ImZgm_o H$m H$m_
H$aVo WoŸ& Bgr Xm¡amZ BÝh| A§J«oOr d \«|$M H$m
`o {~Ry>a (CÎmaàXoe) Ho$ amOm WoŸ&
~hþV kmZ hmo J`m WmŸ& Hw$N> g_` `o
ZmZm gmho~ noedm gZ² 1857 H$s H«$m§{V
AÜ`mnH$ ^r ahoŸ& BZH$s `mo½`Vm go
`k Ho$ _hmZ nwamoYm WoŸ& g§gma ^a _| AnZr
à^m{dV hmoH$a ZmZm gmh~ noedm Zo BÝh|
Omgygr H$m X_ ^aZo dmbo, A§J«oOr Omgygm|
AnZo Xa~ma _| gbmhH$ma {Z`wº$ H$a
H$mo ~war Vah _w±h H$s ImZr n‹S>r, O~ ZmZm
{b`mŸ& O~ A§J«oOm| Zo ZmZm gmh~ Ho$ {deofm{YH$ma N>rZ {b`o Wo Vmo
gmh~ Ho$ JwßVMa, gmYw gÝ`m{g`m|,
CÝhm|Zo AOr_wëbm H$mo A§J«oOm| Hoo$ {Ibm\$ Anrb H$aZo Ho$ {bE
_m¡ b {d`m| , \$H$sam| , ZQ>-ZQ>{Z`m| ,
_hmamZr {dŠQ>mo[a`m Ho$ nmg b§XZ ^oOmŸ& b§XZ _| AOr_wëbm Ho$
_Xm[a`m|, Á`mo{V{f`m| VWm ~hþê${n`m| Ho$ doe _| ^maV Ho$ Ka-Ka
ì`{º$Ëd go A§J«oOr g§^«m§V n[adma H$s _{hbmE§ ~hþV à^m{dV hþB©Ÿ&
_| AmOmXr H$s AbI OJmVo {\$ao Am¡a CÝh| BgH$s J§Y VH$ Zht `Ú{n do AnZo {_eZ _| H$m_`m~ Zht hþE Am¡a ^maV bm¡Q> AmEŸ&
{_brŸ&
BÝhm|Zo ZmZm gmh~ Ho$ gmW {_bH$a VrW©`mÌm Ho$ ~hmZo H«$m§{V H$s
CÝhm|Zo goZm H$mo H$_b Ho$ \y$b VWm OZVm H$mo amoQ>r Ho$ _mÜ`_
go g§H$ën {XbmH$a g§J{R>V {H$`mŸ& {\$a§Jr goZm H$mo Cg g_` _w±h
H$s ImZr n‹S>r, O~ ZmZm gmh~ Ho$ ZoV¥Ëd _| ^`§H$a _maH$mQ> Ho$
níMmV² H«$m§{VH$m[a`m| Zo H$mZnwa na A{YH$ma H$a {b`mŸ& Bg
_hmnwéf H$s _¥Ë`w H$m ahñ` A^r ^r ~Zm hþAm h¡Ÿ&
`moOZm H$mo _yV©ê$n XoZo Ho$ {bE, g_ñV CÎma^maV H$s `mÌmE± H$s
WrŸ& gZ² 1857 H$s H«$m§{V _| AOr_wëbm Im§ H$m _hËdnyU© `moJXmZ
WmŸ& VmË`m Q>mono, ZmZmgmh~ Ho$ Xm{hZo hmW Wo, Vmo AOr_wëbm
CZHo$ _pñVîH$ WoŸ&
_hmamZr bú_r~mB©
VmË`m Q>mono
AmOmXr H$r nhbr b‹S>mB© H$s
_hmZm{`H$m _hmamZr bú_r~mB© ñdXoe ào_,
àma§^ _| `o ZmZm gmh~ noedm Ho$
draVm Am¡a ~hmXwar H$s n`m©` WtŸ&
{b{nH$ WoŸ& ~mX _| 1857 Ho$ g_a _| `o
19 Zdå~a 1835 H$mo dmamUgr _| OÝ_t
goZmn{V ~Z J`o Wo, A§J«oO BÝh| AnZm
bú_r~mB©, N>~rbr Ho$ Zm_ go bmoH${à`
H$Å>a eÌw _mZVo WoŸ& A§J«oOm| Zo VmË`m Q>mono
WtŸ& BZH$m ~MnZ H$m Zm_ _Zw WmŸ& gZ²
H$mo X{jU _| amoH$Zo Ho$ {bE A§J«oO goZmn{V
1842 _| _hmamO J§JmYa amd go {ddmh CnamÝV do Pm±gr H$s amZr
H$Z©b hmoåg, am~Q²>©g d _oOa am°H$ H$mo ^oOm
WmŸ& {OÝh| VmË`m Zo namñV {H$`mŸ& A§J«oO VmË`m H$s ~w{Õ, draVm bú_r~mB© ~Z JB©& ~MnZ _| Vbdma MbmZm, ZH$br `wÕ H$aZm
Ed§ g¡Ý` MmVw`© go ^`^rV ahVo WoŸ& VmË`m H$^r CZHo$ Vma-`§Ì BZHo$ {à` Iob WoŸ&
Zï> H$aVo, Vmo ^r S>mH$-Jm[‹S>`m± byQ> boVoŸ& H$hVo h¢ VmË`m Xodmg H$mo gZ² 1852 _| J§JmYa amd H$s _¥Ë`w Ho$ níMmV² A§J«oOm| H$s ^maVr`
Sy>~m, Vmo Abda _| OmH$a {ZH$bm, Am¡a dhm§ JmoVm bJm`m Vmo [a`mgVm| H$mo h‹S>nZo H$s Zr{V Ho$ {dê$Õ BÝhm|Zo H$R>moa à{Vkm boH$a
½dm{b`a H$s EH$ OmJra nm‹S>m¡Z _| {ZH$bmŸ& dhm± na EH$ XoeÐmohr 1857 H$s H«$m§{V H$s Ádmbm H$mo AnZo bhÿ go VoO àXmZ {H$`mŸ& 18
{_Ì Zo N>b H$aHo$ 7 Aà¡b 1859 H$mo VmË`m H$mo A§J«oOm| Ho$ hdmbo OyZ, 1857 H$mo ½dm{b`a Ho$ {ZH$Q> A§J«oOm| go `wÕ H$aVo-H$aVo Bg
H$a {X`mŸ& ~mX _| 18 Aà¡b 1859 H$mo VmË`m Q>mono H$mo \$m§gr Xo Xr dram§JZm Zo eara Ë`mJ {X`mŸ&
AÀN>r h±gr Ka _| gy`© Ho$ àH$me Ho$ g_mZ hmoVr h¡ - WoH$ao
16
amOVa§{JUr
H$mb {MÝVZ
Or. Ama. _rUm
Am`wŠV
Ho$.C.ew./gr.ew.
BÝXm¡a
EH$ gmb _| 365 {XZ hmoVo h¢ 12 _mh Am¡a ha _mh _| Vrg
{XZ ha {XZ Ho$ Mm¡~rg K§Q>o Am¡a ha K§Q>o _| gmR> {_{ZQ>Ÿ& ha {_{ZQ>
_| gmR> goH$ÊS>Ÿ& g_` H$s BH$mB© H$mo Am¡a N>moQ>m H$a X| Vmo nb{dnbŸ& O¡go nXmW© H$s gyú_Vm _| Mb| Vmo AUw-na_mUw-ŠdmH©$
Am¡a N>moQ>m H$a X| Vmo nwX²JbŸ& Am¡a ha nb Omo g_` ~rV ahm h¡ dh
B{Vhmg _| XO© hmo ahm h¡Ÿ& EH$ hr g_` _| h_mao Amg-nmg ~hþV
Hw$N> gmW-gmW K{Q>V hmo ahm h¡Ÿ& h_mam Amgnmg H$m¡Z gm? EH$
dh Omo H$m_ Ho$ g_` _| h_mao H$m`©ñWb na h¡ Am¡a EH$ dh Omo h_mao
n[adma Ho$ gmW hmo ahm h¡Ÿ& EH$ dh Omo h_mao gmWr H$_©Mm[a`m|,
ghMam| Ho$ gmW h_mao g§~§Ym| H$mo, h_mao H$m_ H$mo boH$a hmo ahm h¡
Am¡a EH$ dh Omo h_mao ~rM Mb ahm h¡Ÿ& Xygam Amg-nmg h_mao
BbmHo$, Jbr-_mohëbo H$m h¡ dh ^r Xmo ^mJm| _| {d^ŠV h¡, EH$ dh
Omo H$m`©ñWb Ho$ Amg-nmg h¡ Am¡a Xygam dh Omo h_mao {Zdmg Ho$
Amg-nmg h¡Ÿ& Vrgam Amg-nmg g_j Z hmoH$a AàË`j h¡,
namoj h¡ Am¡a dh h¡ h_mao dmVmdaU H$m, h_mao n`m©daU H$mŸ& Bg
Vrgao n‹S>mogr H$mo, h_ gXm ^yb OmVo h¢, Cno{jV _mZVo h¢ Š`m|{H$
dh g_j Zht h¡ _Ja gj_ dh nhbo Am¡a Xygao go Á`mXm h¡Ÿ&
XaAgb h_ dmVmdaU gwYma Vmo gH$Vo h¢ _Ja Cgo ~Zm Zht gH$Vo,
h_ n`m©daU gwYma Vmo gH$Vo h¢ _Ja n`m©daU ~Zm Zht gH$VoŸ& dh
Vmo àH¥${V àXÎm h¡, dh àH¥${V H$m gË` h¡Ÿ& n`m©daU h_| ~Zm gH$Vm
h¡ ~Xbo _| h_ n`m©daU H$mo {d{^ÝZ ê$nm| _| hm{Z nhþ±Mm aho h¢Ÿ& Cgo
~~m©X H$a aho h¢Ÿ& EH$ ~ma n`m©daU {~J‹S>m, Vmo Cgo ghoOZmgåhmbZm ~hþV _wpíH$b h¡Ÿ& XaAgb Vrgam `m Anamoj Amgnmg ZonÏ` _| h¡ Am¡a ZonÏ` AË`{YH$ _hËdnyU© hmoVm h¡Ÿ& g_j
Š`m hmo ahm h¡, Š`m hmoJm `m Š`m Mb ahm h¡, dh Vmo h_ OmZ OmVo h¢
Am¡a CgHo$ AZwê$n AnZr O_mdQ> `m V¡`mar O_m boVo h¢, _Ja nX}
Ho$ nrN>o Š`m hmo ahm h¡? Š`m hmoJm `m Š`m MboJm `h nVm Zht bJVm
Am¡a `h _hËdnyU© H$‹S>r nX} Ho$ nrN>o Š`m A§Om_ XoJr, Ñí` nQ>b na
AÑí` ê$n go Š`m N>mn N>mo‹S>oJr, `h ~VbmZm Zm_w_{H$Z Z ghr
_wpíH$b Oê$a h¡Ÿ& BZH$m AZw_mZ ^a {H$`m Om gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& nyd© _| hr
Zmnm Zht Om gH$VmŸ& nX} Ho$ nrN>o H$s epŠV`m± gX¡d A{V geŠV
hmoVr h¢Ÿ& dh h_mar àmMram| H$s geŠV Ztd H$s Vah h¡, {OZ na
h_mar ~wO] grZm VmZ H$a I‹S>r h¢Ÿ& `h namoj e{º$`m± hr h¢ Omo H$B©
~ma gË` H$mo AgË` Am¡a AgË` H$mo gË` R>ham XoVr h¢Ÿ& `o à~b,
à^mderb Am¡a à^mdembr hmoVr h¢ Bgr{bE {X½^«{_V H$amVr h¢
Am¡a ^«_ H$mo CËnÝZ H$aZo Ho$ gmW H$B© ~ma CÝZV ^r H$aVr h¢Ÿ&
Jbr-_mohëbo Ho$ ~mX h_mao Jm±dm|-ZJa-eha H$m AmgnmgŸ& h_mao àm§V Ho$ ZOXrH$s àm§Vm| H$m Amg-nmg Am¡a Xoe Ho$
n[aàoú` _| Cn_hmÛrn H$m VËníMmV² _hmÛrn H$m Am¡a CgHo$ ~mX
{díd H$m Am¡a A§V _| gånyU© ~«÷mÊS> H$m Amg-nmgŸ& AWm©V²
"Amg-nmg' _| gmnojVm h¡Ÿ& Bgr gmnojVm Ho$ MbVo B{Vhmg Mb
ahm h¡Ÿ& Omo AmO h¡ dh H$b Zht hmoJm, Omo H$b Wm dh AmO Zht h¡
dV©_mZ go ^{dî` H$s gmnojVm Am¡a ^yV go dV©_mZ H$s gmnojVm
B{Vhmg aM ahr h¡Ÿ& n[apñW{V`m| Ho$ AZwê$n pñW{V`m± ~Xb ahr h¢
Am¡a {ñW{V`m| Ho$ gmW ñWmZ n[adV©Z hmo ahm h¡Ÿ& Bgr n[adV©Z Ho$
MbVo B§gmZ _| ~Xbmd {XImB© XoVo h¢Ÿ& OrdZ n[adV©Z H$m nyaH$ h¡
`m `y± H$h| {H$ n[adV©Z OrdZ H$s e¡br h¡Ÿ&
YaVr, AmH$me, g_wÐ, dm`w, A{½Z BZ n§M VËdm| go {_bH$a
_Zwî` eara ~ZVm h¡, MbVm h¡ Am¡a EH$ {XZ Zída H$m`m BÝht n§M
VËdm| _| ^ñ_r^yV hmoH$a {dbrZ hmo OmVr h¡Ÿ& àH¥${V dhr h¡, F$VwE§
dhr h¡, amV-{XZ dhr h¡ _Ja CZ_| n[adV©Z bJmVma MbVo ahVo
h¢Ÿ& {díd H$m Vmn_mZ ~‹T>Zo go (½bmo~b dm{_ªJ) g_wÐm| Ho$ nmZr H$m
dmînrH$aU ~‹T> ahm h¡, {h_IÊS> {nKb aho h¢, \$bñdê$n g_wÐm|
H$m ObñVa ~‹T> ahm h¡ Am¡a YaVr Sy>~ ahr h¡Ÿ& g_wÐm| Ho$ {H$Zmao ~go
eha Ho$ eha ZoñVZm~yX hmo aho h¢Ÿ& gwZm_r O¡gr AmnXmE± amoO_am©
H$s MrO hmo JB© h¡Ÿ& ÌmgX {OÝXJr àH¥${V H$s Ìmg{X`m± Pob ahr h¢Ÿ&
A{V dmînrH$aU go gy`© Am¡a n¥Ïdr Ho$ ~rM dmîn H$Um| H$s MmXa Zo
n¥Ïdr VH$ AmZo dmbr D$Om© apí_`m| H$s J_u H$_ H$a Xr h¡Ÿ& \$bV…
`yamon go boH$a E{e`m _hmÛrn VH$ H$‹S>mHo$ H$s gXr© n‹S> ahr h¡Ÿ&
_mbdm, {Z_m‹S>, ~w§XobI§S> O¡go h_mao Amgnmg Ho$ ^y-^mJ R>ÊS> go
H$m±n aho h¢Ÿ& H$b_ nH$‹S>o hþE hmW R>ÊS> go OH$‹S>o hþE h¢Ÿ& R>ÊS>,
R>ÊS>onZ H$m B{Vhmg aM ahr h¡Ÿ&
gH$b {díd Yrao-Yrao {h_`wJ H$s Amoa AmJo ~‹T>Vm Om ahm h¡Ÿ&
Ah§H$ma H$m {dgO©Z hmoZo na hr ^{º$ g\$b hmo nmVr h¡ - àdrU F${fOr
17
amOVa§{JUr
{dH$mg H$s AdYmaUm {dZme H$m H$maU ~Z ahr h¡Ÿ& h_Zo àH¥${V
àXÎm Agr_ ObYmamAm| H$mo ~m±YH$a D±$Mo-~m±Ym| _| VãXrb H$a
{Zñgr_ ~Zm {X`m h¡Ÿ& g[aVm Ho$ H$b-H$b àdmh H$mo R>ham {X`m
h¡Ÿ& JhZ Ob am{e _| h_mao gnZo Sy>~ aho h¢Ÿ& Ahgmg ^rJ JE h¢
_Ja h_mao IoV-I{bhmZ Am¡a Jbo nrZo Ho$ nmZr H$s H$_r Ho$ _mao
gyI aho h¢Ÿ& H$ht Adfm©, H$ht A{Vd¥{ï>, H$^r AË`{YH$ gXu, H$^r
AË`{YH$ J_u,
~XbVo n[aÑí` _|, Amg-nmg Ho$ ~Xbmd _| bm¡Q>Zm Am¡a
bm¡Q>m nmZm Am¡a ^r _wpíH$b h¡Ÿ& AmX_r AmJo ~‹T> gH$Vm h¡, VaŠH$s
H$a gH$Vm h¡, _Ja nrN>o H$X_ Zht aI nmVmŸ& ñHy$Q>a go H$ma na
OmZm AmgmZ h¡, _Ja H$ma go ñHy$Q>a na AmZm _wpíH$b h¡Ÿ& h_
{dH$mg H$s {Og nm`XmZ na I‹S>o h¢, dhm± Eogr H$B© _wpíH$b| AmEo§Jr
Am¡a Mbr OmEo§JrŸ& {dH$mg emídV h¡ MbVm ahoJmŸ& h_-Amn g~
_wIm¡Q>o h¢, Omo Ho$db {XImdo Ho$ {bE H$m_ AmVo h¢Ÿ&
g_` Ho$ gmW Am¡a H$moB© h_mam ñWmZ boJm {\$a H$moB© Am¡a, `h
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~Xb|Jo Am¡a B{Vhmg ~ZVm OmEJmŸ& _Ja B§gmZ Am¡a B§gm{Z`V H$s
^mdZmE±, _erZrH$aU Ho$ ~mX ^r A{dMb ~Zr ah|Jr, H${Vn`
n[adV©Zm| Ho$ gmWŸ& ^mdZmE± AjwÊU ah| Bg{bE Oê$ar h¡ {H$ h_
Amgnmg go Ow‹S>o ah|, AnZr O‹S>m| go Ow‹S>o ah|, AnZo g§ñH$ma Am¡a
g§ñH¥${V go Ow‹S>o ah|, AnZr A{ñ_Vm H$mo H$m`_ aIH$a ñdm{^_mZ
Ho$ gmW, ñdV§ÌVm H$s _emb ObmE aI| Am¡a Iwbo {Xb go, Iwbo
`h g_` A{V gmdYmZr H$m g_` h¡, O~ h_| Amgnmg go _Z go, g§J{R>V hmo AmH$me H$s D±$MmB©`m| H$mo Nw>E§Ÿ& AnZo {bE,
I~aXma ahZm hmoJm, h_ ~o{\$H«$ hmoH$a ^r ~o{\$H«$ Zht h¡Ÿ& ~o{\$H«$s g§JR>Z Ho$ {bE, Xoe Ho$ {bE, _mZdVm Ho$ hH$ _| !
MboJr, _Ja bmnadmhr ZhtŸ& `{X h_Zo bú`m| Ho$ à{V bmnadmhr
""C‹S>| D±$Mm,
~aVr Vmo h_ AnZo CÔoí`m| go nao hQ> OmE§Jo, MyH$ OmE§Jo Am¡a ^yb hmo
gmoM| Xya VH$,
Vmo _m\$s H$s Jw§OmB©e hmoVr h¡, _Ja MyH$ H$^r _m\$ Zht H$aVrŸ& O~
ZOa go Zmn|,
^r B§gmZ MyH$ H$aVm h¡, dh Hw$N> Z Hw$N> Imo XoVm h¡Ÿ& `hr MyH$ H$s
XyOm Ohm±,
gOm h¡Ÿ& gOm N>moQ>r `m ~‹S>r hmo gH$Vr h¡, MyH H$m Im{_`mOm H$_
na O_rZ go Ow‹S>o ah|Ÿ&""
`m Á`mXm CR>mZm n‹S> gH$Vm h¡ _Ja Bg_| hmoZo dmbr hm{Z AnyaUr`
hmoVr h¡Ÿ& Cgo dmng Zht bm¡Q>m`m Om gH$Vm, J`m hþAm g_` dmng
Zht AmVmŸ&
~mg§Vr ~`ma Ho$ ~Xbo {R>Rw>aZ H$m hma,
\$gb| Pob ahr h¢ _m¡g_ H$s _ma,
H$mo`b H$s Hy$H$ hþB© {Zñgma
Amgnmg g~ Va\$ Mb ahr
n[adV©Z H$s ~`ma
gmdYmZ hmo Om V¡`ma !
hmo Om V¡`maŸ!!
amîQ´>^mfm Ed§ amO^mfm _| AÝVa
1. amO^mfm amOH$s` H$m`m] VH$ gr{_V hmoVr h¡, O~{H$ amï´>^mfm ì`mnH$ joÌ _| ~mobr OmVr h¡Ÿ&
2. amO^mfm {e{jV OZ H$s ^mfm h¡, amï´>^mfm g^r dJm] H$s ^mfm h¡Ÿ&
3. amO^mfm g§{dYmZ Ûmam _mÝ` hmoVr h¡, O~{H$ amï´>^mfm OZ-OZ Ûmam _mÝ` hmoVr h¡Ÿ& ({hÝXr Ho$ g§~§Y _| `hr {ñW{V h¡)
4. amO^mfm {dXoer ^mfm ^r hmo gH$Vr h¡Ÿ {H$ÝVw amï´>^mfm Xoe H$s hr gd©bmoH${à` ^mfm hmoVr h¡Ÿ&
5. amO^mfm amï´>r` VWm AÝVam©ï´>r` joÌ _| amOH$s` H$m`m] H$m _mÜ`_ h¡ O~{H$ amï´>^mfm amï´> H$s g§ñH¥${V H$s à_wI g§dmhH$ h¡Ÿ&
AH¥$VkVm _mZdVm Ho$ à{V Kmoa {dídmgKmV h¡ - JoQ>o
18
amOVa§{JUr
AéU Hw$_ma O¡Z
ghm`H$ {ZXoeH$ (amO^mfm)
Ho$.C.ew./gr.ew. (_w»`mb`)
BÝXm¡a
nR>Z-nmR>Z H$s naånam Z Ho$db ^maV _| daZ² gånyU© {díd
`h ghr h¡ {H$ X¥í` g§Mma gmYZ, lì` g§Mma gmYZ go
_| AZm{XH$mb go {ZaÝVa h¡Ÿ& g§^dV… gä`Vm Ho$ CX` Am¡a Á`mXm à^mdr hmoH$a _mZg nQ>b na A§{H$V ahVo h¢ Am¡a lì`
g§ñH¥${V Ho$ {dH$mg Ho$ Xaå`mZ H$ht O~ {b{n`m| H$m {dH$mg hmo ahm g§Mma gmYZ, nR>Zr` gm_J«r go A{YH$ à^mdr ahVo h¢, {\$a h_
hmoJm V~ nËWa na CHo$ar JB© eãX-{MÌ aMZmE± `m e¡b {MÌ àW_ Bg H$b`wJ _| n‹T>| Š`m| Am¡a nwñVH|$ Š`m| n‹T>|?
nwñVH$ Ho$ A§e `m nÝZo aho hm|JoŸ& Bg ~mV na _hVr OmZH$mar {H$gr
h_mar gånyU© `wdm nr‹T>r H$mo AmO nwñVH|$ n‹T>Zo go JwaoO h¡,
boIH$ `m gm{hË`H$ma Ho$ ~Om` EH$ B{VhmgdoÎmm ~ohVa aIVm h¡Ÿ&
BboŠQ´>m°{ZH$ `wJ _| b¡nQ>m°n, B§Q>aZoQ>,
^maVr` g§X^m] _| {deofH$a EH$ Am_
H$åß`yQ>a Am¡a _mo~mB©b go b¡g hþAm Om
AmX_r Ho$ {bE Omo _hËdnyU© h¡ Am¡a Omo
gH$Vm h¡, _Ja nwñVH|$ n‹T>H$a ""AOw©Z
CgH$s AZw^y{V h¡ dh `h OmZVm h¡ {H$ d¡{XH$
n§{S>V'' H$m¡Z ~Zo? {ejH$ ~ZZm ~ÀMm| Ho$
H$mb go doX naånam _| h_mam Y_© Am¡a h_mam
A{^^mdH$m| H$mo ^r Jdmam Zht h¡, do MmhVo h¢
{ZË`à{V, doXmo| Ho$ AmYma na g_mO H$mo
{H$ CZHo$ Zm¡{Zhmb EŠOrŠ`y{Q>ìh ~Z| Am¡a
AZw à m{UV aIVm Wm VmËn`© {H$
CgHo$ {bE nwñVH|$ n‹T>Zm Oê$ar Zht h¡
{H$Vm~|/nwñVHo$§ n‹T>Zo H$m, CgH$s CnmXo`Vm
{OVZm b¡nQ>m°n `m B§Q>aZoQ> H$m à`moJ H$aZmŸ&
H$m _mJ©, g_mO Ho$ gdmªJrU {dH$mg H$m
Bgr{bE AmO n‹T>Zo H$s AmXV H$m bmon hmo
Z¡{VH$ AmYma, BZ Ym{_©H$ nwñVH$m| Zo àeñV
ahm h¡Ÿ&
{H$`mŸ& {OZ_| H$mbm§Va _| ""am_m`U'' Am¡a
Eogo dV©_mZ g_` _| O~ ^maV nwZ…
""_hm^maV'' O¡go Y_© J«§Wm| Zo ^maVr`
{díd H$m {ga_m¡a ~ZZo H$s H$Jma na I‹S>m h¡
_mZg H$mo hr Zht daZ² gånyU© ^maVr` _Zrfm
Am{W©H$ CÝZ{V Am¡a godm CÚ{_Vm H$m h_mam
H$mo Ambmo{H$V {H$`mŸ&
~mob~mbm {díd H$mo AmH${f©V H$a ahm h¡, g|goŠg 20,000 H$m
`h BZ Y_© J«§Wm| H$s XoZ Wr {H$ g_mO _| EH$ Z¡{VH$Vm H$m A§H$ Ny> ahm h¡¡ V~ h_mar `wdm nr‹T>r H$mo, ^maV Ho$ ha Zm¡OdmZ H$mo,
^md, _mZd H$s _yb^yV àd¥{Îm`m| H$m CXmÎm g_m`moOZ-ào_, nwñVH$ n‹T>Zo H$m _hËd OmZ boZm Mm{hE {H$ ""~m¡{ÕH$ gånXm''
^mB©Mmam, X`mbwVm, H$_© _| aV ahZo H$s ^mdZm Ed§ namonH$ma, AmZo dmbo g_` H$s g~go ~‹S>r ny±Or hmoJrŸ& AmnHo$ _pñVîH$ Am¡a
gh`moJ, gabVm Ho$ ^md go, A^md-J«ñV OZVm _| na_ g§Vmof- Cg_| CËnÝZ hmoZo dmbo {dMma Am¡a H$ënZmerbVm Am¡a CgH$m
YZ H$m g§Mmar ^md n¡Xm {H$`mŸ& AZn‹T> OZVm Ho$ ~rM BZ nwñVH$m| H$m`m©Ýd`Z `h g~ {_bH$a ""~m¡{ÕH$ gånXm'' Ho$ VhV ^{dî`
H$mo n‹T>Zo Ho$ {bE gm_y{hH$ dmMZ-am_m`U Ho$ nmam`U Am¡a Y_© H$m {díd ~ZmE§Jo Am¡a Bg gånXm H$mo AjwÊU aI AmJo ~‹T>mZm h¡ Vmo
J«§Wm| H$mo H§$R>ñW H$a {b`m OmZm Bgr nR>Z-nmR>Z H$s d{MH$ CgH$m gdm}Îm_ O[a`m h¡ - nwñVH|$ n‹T>ZmŸ&
naånam H$m {hñgm ahr h¡Ÿ&
`h AZw^yV gË` h¡ {H$ O~ h_ {H$Vm~| n‹T>Vo h¢, nwñVH|$ n‹T>Vo
AJa h_ AmO H$s qMVm H$a b|Jo Vmo H$b H$s qMVm B©ída H$a boJm - _hmË_m Jm±Yr
19
amOVa§{JUr
h¢, Vmo h_mar Am±I| eãXm| Ho$ ~rM S>mobVr h¡ Am¡a _pñVîH$ CZH$s
JhamB© _| OmH$a {dMma VmobVr h¡, V~ AnZr ^mfm _| n‹T>o JE
eãXm|/{H$Vm~m| H$m gma _Z H$mo ~mobVr h¡Ÿ& `h S>mobZo-Vm¡bZo Am¡a
~mobZo H$m {gb{gbm {dMma ~ZVm h¡, {díd l§¥Ibm ~ZH$a {df`
H$mo EH$ Z`m Am`m_ àXmZ H$aVr h¡ Am¡a `h Z`m Am`m_, ZE
Ñ{ï>H$moU H$mo OÝ_ XoVm h¡ Omo ZB© {H«$`mAm|-à{H«$`mAm| go hmoH$a ZE
H$m`© Am¡a ZE n[aUm_ XoVm h¡Ÿ& Bgr ~rM _pñVîH$ H$s AnZr
H$ënZmerbVm C‹S>mZ boVr h¡ Am¡a ZE {dMmam| H$mo Z`m H$boda
àXmZ H$aVr h¡Ÿ& h_| `{X ZE à{V_mZ J‹T>Zm h¡, ZE H$s{V©_mZ ~ZmZm
h¡ Am¡a ZB© gXr _| Z`m OhmZ ~ZmZm h¡ Vmo h_| H$ënZm bmoH$ _|
{dMaZm hmoJm; V^r g¥OZ H$m {MÝVZ OÝ_ boJm Am¡a CgHo$ {bE
h_mao gwfwßV _{ñVîH$ _| EH$ qMJmar n¡Xm H$aZm hmoJrŸ& AV… nwñVH|$
n‹T>Zm {Zhm`V Oê$ar h¡ Bg_| ""Š`m| n‹T>|?'' àíZ AmZm hr Zht
Mm{hEŸ&
h_mar CÝZ{V, h_mao gdmªJrU {dH$mg, h_mao gwÝXa-gwIX
^{dî` H$m amñVm ~ZmZo Ho$ {bE nwñVHo$§ n‹T>Zm, n‹T>Zo H$s AmXV
S>mbZm Am¡a CgH$s _hÎmm ~Vm`m OmZm ~ohX Oê$ar h¡Ÿ& Ñí` Am¡a
lì` gmYZ h_mao _pñVîH$ Ho$ gmoMZo H$r j_Vm H$mo Hw§$X H$aVo h¢,
h_mar Am±I| ~mhar Ñí`m| _| {dÝ`ñV ahZo go, AÝXa XoIZo H$s
g¥OZ j_Vm H$mo ImoZo bJVr h¡Ÿ& Bgr{bE Q>r.dr. H$mo ""~wÕÿ ~Šgm''
H$hm OmVm h¡ {OgHo$ AmJo ~¡R>H$a nr{‹T>`m± ~wÕÿ ~Z ahr h¡Ÿ& AV…
g_PXma, kmZdmZ Am¡a àH$mamÝVa go Ü`mZdmZ ~ZZo H$s naånam
nwñVHo$§ n‹T>Zo go AmVr h¡Ÿ&
Ñí` Am¡a lì` _mÜ`_ go _Zwî` H$s qhgH$ àd¥{Îm`m| H$mo
~‹T>mdm {_b ahm h¡, dh AYra Am¡a OëX~mO ~Z ahm h¡ O~{H$
nwñVH|$ n‹T>Zo go _Zwî` Y¡`©dmZ, em§V Am¡a g¥OZ j_Vm go n[anyU©
hmoH$a AmoO_` ~ZVm h¡Ÿ& gmhgr Am¡a Z¡{VH$ ~ZVm h¡, CgH$s
A§V…ómdr J«§{W`m± CgH$mo YZmË_H$ D$Om© go n[anyU© H$a, ~ohVa
B§gmZ ~ZmVr h¡, Omo EH$ ~ohVa g_mO H$m {Z_m©U H$aVo h¢Ÿ& AV…
nwñVH|$ n‹T>Zo _| hr gånyU© _mZd Om{V H$s ^bmB© H$m g\$bV_²,
ewÕV_² _mJ© àeñV hmoJmŸ&
{dMma
Am±I| J‹S>mE Ajam| _|
EH$ nr‹T>r amo ahr h¡
EH$ nr‹T>r gmo ahr h¡Ÿ&
{H$Vm~| Z n‹T> nmZo H$m XX©
A~ {H$gr H$mo Zht hmoVm
[H$Vm~m| Ho$ ~rO/A~ H$moB© Zht ~moVmŸ&
nhbo IarXmo/{\$a gåhmbmo-ghoOmo
Amb_m[a`m| _| aImo
Yyb go ~MmAmo Am¡a T>§H$m|
AmX_r H$mo AmX_r Ho$ {bE
\w$g©V H$hm±?
{H$Vm~m| H$m ~moP H$m¡Z T>moVm?
nÝZo Xa nÝZo nbQ>o
dŠV Ho$ gmW nrbo hmo JE,
{OÝXJr H$s {OëX go {MnHo$
{H$Vm~ H$s Vah T>rbo hmo JE,
na n‹T>Zo dmbm hr OmZVm h¡
~y‹T>r {H$Vm~ H$m ha nÝZm/ha eãX
{OÝXJr H$s AéUmB© go amoeZ
ha jU gÚ Am¡a ZdOmV h¡ - EH$ {dMma gmŸ&
Am¡a {dMma
H$^r ~y‹T>o Zht hmoVoŸ&
Bg Adga na M§X n{º$`m± ""nwñVH$m|'' H$mo g_{n©V h¢,
gmXa gdm}ÀM l_ Ho$ ~mX ^r g\$bVm Z {_bo Vmo dh ^m½` h¡ - AkmV
20
amOVa§{JUr
lÕmgw_Z … _h{f© _hoe `moJr
12 OZdar, 1917 nyd© _Ü`àXoe A~ N>ÎmrgJ‹T> {Obm
am{O_ Ho$ nm§Sw>H$m Jm±d _| amÁ` gaH$ma Ho$ AXZm H$_©Mmar Ho$ Ka na
EH$ ~ÀMo Zo OÝ_ {b`mŸ& {nVm H$m V~mXbm JmS>adm‹S>m (O~bnwa)
hmo J`mŸ& AV… ~mbH$ H$s {ejm dhr hþB©Ÿ& nwÊ` gbrbm _m± Z_©Xm Ho$
Am±Mb _| {ejm-Xrjm nyar H$a ~mbH$ _hoe àgmX d_m© ^{dî` _|
{damQ> ì`{º$Ëd _h{f© _hoe `moJr Ho$ ê$n _| Xw{Z`m H$mo {ejm XoZo
bJmŸ& Y_©, Ü`mZ, `moJ Am¡a Cggo AmJo ^mdmVrV Ü`mZ Ho$ na_
`moJr H$s AnZr n[aH$ënZm CZHo$ bJmVma gmjmËH$ma, AZw^y{V`m±
Am¡a JhZ gmoM VWm n[aH$ënZm H$m gwÝXa {ZMmo‹S> WmŸ& CZH$m
H$hZm Wm - ""Y_© H$mo gwZH$a Zht OmZm Om gH$VmŸ& dh Vmo {g\©$
EH$ gmjmËH$ma hŸ¡Ÿ& hm±, Ü`mZ`moJ CgH$s EH$ AZw^y{V h¡Ÿ&
Y_©emóm| _| Vmo Zht hr h¡, eãXm| _| {~ëHw$b ZhtŸ& Bg{bE _¢
ZrbJJZ _| eyÝ` g_m{Y H$s ~mV H$aVm hÿ±, V~ CgH$m AW© ñnï> h¡
{H$ AnZo A§Va _| Pm±H$mo...&''
ewê$AmV _| O~bnwa _| JZ H¡$aoO \¡$ŠQ´>r _| {ÛVr` loUr
H$_©Mmar Ho$ ê$n _| H$m`©aV ahH$a AÝVaV_ _| Pm±H$Vo hwE ñdm_r
~«÷mZ§X Ho$ nmag ñne© Zo Bg bm¡h ì`{º$Ëd H$mo H§$MZ H$m`m _|
n[ad{V©V H$a {X`mŸ& `h {d{MÌ g§`moJ h¡ {H$ {Og dº$ H§$MZ H$m`m
H$s `h à{H«$`m Omar Wr Cgr Xm¡amZ Z_©Xm VQ> O~bnwa H$s Cd©am
^y{_ na EH$ Am¡a AÜ`oVm, AX²^wV VH©$emñÌr àmo. AmMm`© aOZre
CÝht Ho$ h_ C_« Am¡a h_g\$a hmoH$a AmÜ`mË_ nW na h_amhr WoŸ&
{H$VZm AX²^wV g§`moJ h¡ {H$ BZ XmoZm|§ {dMma _Zr{f`m|, ^maVr`
g§ñH¥${V Ho$ g§dmhH$ {damQ> ì`{º$Ëdm| H$s MoVZm Vmo ^maV _| OmJ¥V
hþB©Ÿ; _Ja CgH$m àH$me {díd _| {deofV… `moamonr` Xoem| _|
AË`mYw{ZH$ MH$mMm¢Y Ho$ ~rM Hw$N> Bg Vah \¡$bm {H$ do ñd`§
àH$me ñVå^ ~ZH$a nmíMmË` gä`Vm H$mo nydu gä`Vm Ho$
AmÜ`m{Ë_H$ àH$me go gam~moa H$a JEŸ& CZH$s n[aH$ënZm AX²^wV
WrŸ& Ah_² ~«åhmpñ_ H$s n[aH$ënZm H$mo AmJo ~‹T>mVo hþE CZH$m
_mZZm Wm {H$ Ü`mZ `moJ _| gånyU© ê$n go Xr{jV hmoH$a ì`{º$ _|
gwna _oZ-nwéfmoÎm_ ~ZZo H$s Anyd© j_Vm h¡Ÿ& Oê$aV h¡ Vmo {g\©$
AnZr A§Xê$Zr VmH$V nhMmZZo H$sŸ& Bgr{bE do H$hm H$aVo Wo {H$
""A§Yoam bmI-bmI df© nwamZm hmo Vmo ^r Z`m go Z`m Am¡a N>moQ>o
go N>moQ>m XrnH$ ^r Cg H$m{bI H$mo Vmo‹S> XoVm h¡ Á`mo{V Anyd©
j_Vm go ^ar h¡Ÿ& dh ~wP-~wPH$a ^r ~wP Zht nmB© h¡Ÿ& hOmam|
~ma ~wPmB© JB© h¡, _Ja ~wP gH$Vr ZhtŸ& gË` hma-hma H$a ^r
Zht hmaVm h¡ Am¡a AgË` OrV-OrV H$a ^r hma OmVm h¡Ÿ&""
AmXVm| H$mo `{X amoH$m Z OmE Vmo do erK« hr bV ~Z OmVr h¡ - g§V Am°JpñQ>Z
21
amOVa§{JUr
g_ñ`mAm| H$m Odm~ _h{f© Ü`mZ _| g_m{hV _mZVo WoŸ& gÎma Ho$
_h{f© Zo ~hþV nhbo hr Bg ~mV H$mo g_P {b`m Wm {H$ ^{dî` XeH$ _| O~ nyar Xw{Z`m å`y{OH$ Am¡a ~rQ>ëg H$s XrdmZr Wr V~
H$s Am¡f{Y`m± n`m©daU {_Ì AmYma na hr àM{bV hm|Jt CÝhm|Zo ~rQ>ëg Jw«n Zo ^mdmVrV Ü`mZ _| à{e{jV hmoZo Ho$ {bE ñd`§ H$mo
{dXoem| _| `moJ Am¡a {g{Õ`m| H$s H$jmE± Imobt, Cggo àmßV YZ H$mo _h{f© Ho$ lrMaUm| _| g_{n©V H$a {X`m WmŸ& CZH$m _mZZm Wm {H$
^maVr` Am`wd}{XH$ Am¡f{Y`m| Ho$ CËnmXZ _| bJmH$a àmßV
d¡{XH$ gm{hË` Ho$ _mÜ`_ go _mZd Ho$ {dH$mg H$s {ejm
bm^ go ^maV _| g¢H$‹S>m| ñHy$b Imobo Ohm± na doX,
gÀMo _mZd Ho$ {bE Oê$ar h¡Ÿ& OO©[aV _mZdVm Ho$
Am`wd}X, Á`mo{Vf, AmÜ`mË_ Am¡a `moJ H$s
ImoIbonZ H$mo g_mßV H$aZo Ho$ {bE CZH$s
{ejm Xr Om ahr h¡Ÿ& `h CZH$m ~‹S>m `moJXmZ
O‹S>m| H$mo gtMZm ~ohX Oê$ar h¡Ÿ& V^r d¥j
WmŸ&
ham hmoVm h¡Ÿ& _Zwî` _| _Z e{º$ H$m H$maH$
Ü`mZ Am¡a CgHo$ VarHo$ Ho$ ~mao _|
CZH$m _mZZm Wm {H$ àmV… Am¡a gm`§ Xmo
~ma Ü`mZ {H$`m OmZm Mm{hEŸ& do _§Ì H$mo
~rO ê$n e{º$ _mZVo Wo, Omo _Zwî` H$mo
~m±YVr h¡Ÿ& _§Ì Omn _| gmYH$ H$s Mma
lo{U`m± AmVr h¢Ÿ& nhbr ~¡Iar, Xygar _Ü`_m,
Vrgar ní`§Vr Am¡a Mm¡Wr namŸ&
~¡Iar - Bg_| _§Ì H$m Omn dmUr _| hmoVm h¡, {Og_|
CÀMmaU {H$`m OmVm h¡Ÿ&
_Ü`_m - Bg_| Omn g§H$ën Ho$ joÌ _| Am OmVm h¡Ÿ& Bg_| hm|R>
Zht {hbVo, naÝVw _Z On _| bJm ahVm h¡Ÿ&
ní`§Vr - Bg_| _Z _| g§H$ën ^r Zht ahVm, dmUr ^r Zhr
hmoVr, Ho$db A§VamË_m _o _§Ì g_m OmVm h¡Ÿ& `h ñWyb go gyú_ H$s
Amoa OmZm h¡Ÿ&
nam - Bg_| AZw^y{V Zht ahVr, na AmZ§X Am¡a CËgmh H$s
e{º$ ahVr h¡Ÿ& `h eãX e{º$ go nao H$s AdñWm h¡, Omo g_m{Y
H$hbmVr h¡Ÿ&
h¡Ÿ& _Z _| ag Zht h¡ Vmo e{º$ Am¡a gm_Ï`©
Zht hmoJmŸ& CËgmhhrZ Am¡a VoOhrZ ahZo
go AmMaU Zrag Am¡a eyÝ` hmo Om`oJmŸ&
_Z M§Mb h¡ Am¡a C‹S>Zo bJVm h¡ Ohm± _Yw
H$s EH$ ~y±X {_br dmo _Yw_ŠIr H$s Vah
{MnH$ OmVm h¡ `h AmZ§X H$s Vbme h¡ Am¡a
AmZ§X H$mo bJmVma Ty>§‹T>Vo ahZo H$s à{H«$`m hr Ü`mZ
h¡Ÿ&
1958 _| AnZr àW_ {dXoe `mÌm Ho$ níMmV² _h{f© H$m
A{YH$Va g_` {dXoe _| ~rVm ImgH$a ZrXab¡ÊS> pñWV AnZo
Amdmg ãbmoS´>mnŸ_| _Ja dhm± CZH$m Ho$db VZ ~gVm Wm, CZH$m _Z
Vmo ^mdmVrV Ü`mZ H$s JhamB`m| _| AZ§VVm Ho$ gmW _m± Z_©Xm H$s
CËVmb Va§Jm| _| Va§Jm{`V hmoH$a ^maV ^y Ho$ Jar~ J«m_rU Ho$
gdmªJrU {dH$mg Ho$ {bE d¡pídH$ ê$n _| _mZdr`Vm Ho$ nwê$fÎmmo_
ñdê$n Ho$ {Z_m©U _| bJm WmŸ& ~«÷m Zo _Zwî` H$m {Z_m©U {H$`m _Ja
_h{f© _ZwOVm Ho$ {Z_m©U _| bJo WoŸ& CZHo$ XohmdgmZ go ^mdmVrV
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Š`m|{H$ g[aVm ~hVr h¡ Adê$Õ Zht hmoVrŸ&
gånyU© OrdZ Am¡a Cg_| AmZo dmbr V_m_ gm§gm[aH$
""[ejm H$m _Vb~ `h Zht {H$ AmnHo$ {X_mJ _| {H$VZr OmZH$mar ^a Xr JB© h¡, {Oggo AmnHo$ {X_mJ _| CWbnwWb _M JB© h¡ Am¡a {Ogo Amn gmar C_« g_P Zht nmVoŸ& h_| Vmo Eogo {dMmam| H$mo AmË_gmV H$aZm Mm{hE Omo OrdZ H$m
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EH$ nyam nwñVH$mb` H§$R>ñW h¢Ÿ&''
- ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X
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22
amOVa§{JUr
Amo_ àH$me XYrM
Ana Am`wŠV
(boIm narjm)
boIm narjm Ho$ VhV Xmo _w»` ~mVm| H$m Ü`mZ hmoVm h¡Ÿ& àW_
{ZYm©[a{V Ho$ gmW grYo g§dmX hmoVm h¡, {ÛVr` dh EH$ nmaXe©H$
VarHo$ go {ZYm©[aVr Ûmam àñVwV {H$E JE XñVmdoOm| Ho$ AmYma na
hmoVr h¡Ÿ& boIm narjm H$m _w»` CÔoí` `h h¡ {H$ {ZYm©[aVr
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`m ZhtŸ& `{X AZwnmbZm Zht H$aZo go amOñd hm{Z hþB© hmo Vmo CgHo$
{bE C{MV H$m`©dmhr H$s OmVr h¡Ÿ& `hm± H$m`© H$m _w»` nhby
AÝdofU Zht hmoH$a Om±M hmoZm h¡ VWm {ZYm©[aVr Ho$ gmW gÝXoh H$m
Zht daZ² gh`moJ H$m hmoZm h¡Ÿ& boIm Om§M Ûmam {ZYm©[a{V`m| Ho$
boIm| H$m CZHo$ Ûmam aIo JE A{^boIm| H$m {Z`_mZwgma aIm OmZm,
CZHo$ Ûmam g_`-g_` na Omar J{V{d{Y`m| H$s KmofUm Ed§ g_`
na VWm {Z`_mZwgma H$a-^wJVmZ Ed§ goZdoQ> H«o${S>Q> {b`m OmZm
Ed§ VËníMmV² CgH$m {Z`_mZwgma Cn`moJ gw{ZpíMV H$aZm h¡Ÿ&
B©.E.-2000 (EŠgmBO Am°{S>Q>-2000) nÕ{V H$mo {d^mJ Ûmam
àm`mo{JH$ Vm¡a na AnZm`m OmH$a H$ZmS>mB© nÕ{V Ho$ gmW 5 H$amo‹S>
go A{YH$ à{Vdf© amOñd XoZo dmbr BH$mB`m| H$s boIm Om±M H$admB©
JB©Ÿ& VËníMmV² {gVå~a 2000 go EH$ H$amo‹S> én`o go A{YH$
dm{f©H$ H$m amOñd XoZo dmbr BH$mB`m| H$m MwZmd boIm Om§M hoVw
{H$`m J`mŸ& 1 OZdar 2002 go Ho$ÝÐr` CËnmX, gr_m ewëH$ Ed§
godm H$a ~moS>© Ûmam {XE JE {ZX}em| Ho$ VhV B©.E.-2000 boIm
nÕ{V A{Zdm`© H$a naånamJV boIm narjm nÕ{V hQ>m br JB©Ÿ& BZ
{ZX}em| H$m {Zd©hZ H$aVo hþE boIm narjm emIm BÝXm¡a Am`wŠVmb`
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_w»`mb` H$s boIm narjm emIm {H$gr ^r AÝ` emIm H$s ~{Zñ~V
g~go ~‹S>r h¡Ÿ&
A{Zdm`© boIm narjm Ho$ AÝVJ©V AmZo dmbr H$aXmVm H$s
g§»`m A{YH$ hmoZo Ho$ H$maU Am`wŠVmb` _| 17 boIm narjm Xb
~ZmE JE h¢Ÿ& àË`oH$ Xb _| EH$ AYrjH$ Ed§ Xmo {ZarjH$
gpå_{bV h¢Ÿ& A{YH$ ~ohVa n[aUm_ àmpßV hoVw 11 Xbm| H$mo
Ho$ÝÐr` CËnmX ewëH$ Ed§ 6 Xbm| H$mo godm H$a, boIm narjm H$m`© _|
gÞÕ {H$`m J`m h¡Ÿ& _w»`mb` H$s boIm narjm emIm Zo df©
2006-07 H$s VwbZm _| df© 2007-08 _| boIm narjm `y{ZQ>m|
H$s g§»`m Ed§ _wÔo CR>mZo _| d¥{Õ H$s h¡, `Ú{n dgybr _| VmËH$m{bH$
Vm¡a na d¥{Õ hm{gb Zht H$a nmE h¢ VWm{n nyar Cå_rX h¡ {H$
^{dî` _| gwYma Ñ{ï>JmoMa hmoJmŸ&
{dJV df© H$s VwbZm _| OZdar 2008 VH$ boIm narjm
emIm H$m VwbZmË_H$ {ddaU {ZåZmZwgma h¡ -
Ho$ÝÐr` CËnmX ewëH$
Ad{Y
2006-07
OZdar 2007 VH$
OZdar 2008 VH$
boIm narjm H$s
CR>mE JE _wX²>Xo
JB© `y{ZQ²>g
266
177
174
528
377
409
(é. bmI _|)
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VwaÝV dgybr
2714.66
2267.68
1875.92
408.90
188.11
287.06
~mX H$s dgybr
Hw$b dgybr
388.54
351.08
204.87
797.44
539.19
491.93
godm H$a
Ad{Y
2006-07
OZdar 2007 VH$
OZdar 2008 VH$
boIm narjm H$s
CR>mE JE _wX²>Xo
JB© `y{ZQ²>g
111
65
109
202
136
177
(é. bmI _|)
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VwaÝV dgybr
1153.82
681.73
399.15
181.3
126.51
53.64
~mX H$s dgybr
H$b_ _| Vbdma H$s gm¡JwZr MmoQ> H$aZo H$s e{º$ hmoVr h¡ - AkmV
9.76
9.76
13.03
Hw$b dgybr
191.06
136.27
66.67
23
amOVa§{JUr
JUV§Ì {Xdg 2008 Ho$ Adga na Ho$ÝÐr` CËnmX ewëH$, gr_m ewëH$ Ed§ godm H$a, BÝXm¡a Ho$
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d_m© Ho$ Abmdm lr Ama.Ho$. H$m{ed
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24
amOVa§{JUr
ì`§½` boI
AéU Hw$_ma O¡Z
ghm`H$ {ZXoeH$ (amO^mfm) d
AYrjH$ (boIm narjm)
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25
amOVa§{JUr
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AnamYm| H$m J«m\$ AMmZH$ {Ja J`m h¡Ÿ& CZHo$ ñd`§ Ho$ WmZm joÌ Ho$
g_ñV JU_mÝ` AnamYr WmZo na ameZ XwH$mZ H$s Vah, gwajm
g{_[V _| ñWmZ nmZo Ho$ {bE H$Vma bJmE I‹S>o h¢ Am¡a eha Ho$ AÝ`
WmZm joÌm| Ho$ JU_mÝ` CZHo$ E{a`o _| _H$mZ Ty>±‹T> aho h¢ Vm{H$ gwajm
g{_{V _| _ZmoZrV hmoZo H$s nmÌVm nm gH|$Ÿ& _H$mZ {H$amE joÌ _|
AMmZH$ XmoJwZo hmo JE h¢ bmoJ Iwe h¢Ÿ& CZHo$ M_ËH$ma AI~mam| H$s
gw{I©`m± ~Zo hþE h¢Ÿ& J¥h _§Ìr erK« hr CZHo$ WmZo H$m Xm¡am H$aZo Am
aho h¢Ÿ& Bg ~rM gwZm h¡ _w»`_§Ìr Or Zo EH$ Z`m ""WmZm lr''
gå_mZ à{Vdf© EH$ bmI én`o ZH$X Ed§ em°b, lr\$b VWm ñ_¥{V
{MÝh amÁ` Ho$ gdm}ËH¥$ï> WmZoXma Ho$ {bE Kmo{fV H$aZo H$m _Z ~Zm
{b`m h¡Ÿ& H$hZm Z hmoJm {H$ Bg H$m`© H$s àoaUm _w»`_§Ìr Or H$s
WmZoXma lr H$s AX²^wV H$m`©àUmbr go àmßV hþB© h¡Ÿ& ^JdZ² WmZoXma
lr H$mo bå~r C_«, erK« nXmoÝZ{V`m± XoH$a nw{bg à_wI ~ZmE± Vm{H$
do g_ñV àXoe H$m H$m`mH$ën H$a gH|$ Am¡a JU_mÝ` Anam{Y`m|
H$mo H$mC§Q>a X| Vm{H$ {\$a H$ht EZH$mC§Q>a H$s Oê$aV Zht n‹S>oŸ&
A{b H$m H$br na Jw§OZ
ÑJ _| ñdßZm| H$m ZV©Z
ß`mgm-ß`mgm gm I§OZ
hmo ahm qMIZ qMVZ
n{adV©Z hr n[adV©Z
n[adV©Z _` h¡ OrdZŸ&
H$mbo _oKm| H$m Kf©U,
A§~a _| ~Xbr H$m JO©Z
M_M_ {~Obr H$m V‹S>H$Z
Ob ~y§Xm| H$s dh N>_ N>_
n[adV©Z hr n[adV©Z
n[adV©Z _` h¡ OrdZ
no‹S>m| H$s emIm| H$m XmobZ
emIm go emIm H$m gå_mohZ
{\$a ~obm| H$m AmamohU
Zr‹S>m| _| IJm| H$s MhH$Z
n{adV©Z _` h¡ OrdZŸ&
_hbm| _| drUm H$m dmXZ
Vram| na gmJa H$m ZmXZ
Hw${Q>`m _| e¡ed H$m H«$§XZ
n[adV©Z hr n[ad©VZ
n[adV©Z _` hr OrdZŸ&
ObVr gm§gm| H$m ñn§XZ,
KwQ>Vo OrdZ H$s Y‹S>H$Z,
^yIr Ádmbm H$s ^‹S>H$Z,
n[adV©Z hr n[adV©Z,
n{adV©Z _` h¡ OrdZŸ&
gyaO H$m n¥Ïdr go A{^dmXZ,
MhH$m-MhH$m gm H$mZZ,
{dahr H$mo {_b J`m gmOZ,
Iw{e`m| go X_H$m Am±JZ,
grZo _| _hH$m M§XZ,
n[adV©Z hr n[adV©Z,
n[adV©Z _` h¡ OrdZŸ&
H$nQ>m| H$m hmoJm ^§OZ,
hfm] H$m hmo A{^d§XZ,
_Yw OrdZ H$m hmo d§XZ,
ZyVZ H$m hmo A{^Z§XZ
Ama.Eg. Zo_m
n[adV©Z hr n[adV©Z
AYrjH$ (VH$ZrH$s)
n{adV©Z _` h¡ OrdZŸ&
_w»`mb`, BÝXm¡a
^m½`dmZ dh h¡ {OgH$m YZ Jwbm_ h¡ Am¡a A^mJm dh h¡ Omo YZ H$m Jwbm_ h¡ - dmñQ>o`a
26
amOVa§{JUr
g§{jßV OrdZ n[aM`
^maVr` g§{dYmZ {Z_m©Vm :
S>m°. ^r_amd Amå~oS>H$a
_hmË_m ~wÕ Ho$ ~mX `{X {H$gr `wJ nwéf Zo Y_©, g_mO, amOZr{V, AW© Ho$ YamVb na H«$m§{V go gmjmËH$ma H$amZo H$s gË`{ZîR>, gX²{ddoH$
Am¡a Y_m©MaU H$s H$mo{ee H$s Vmo dh Wo S>m°. Amå~oS>H$a, CZH$m OrdZ g§Kf© {ZåZmZwgma ahm 1.
2.
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32.
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34.
35.
36.
BÝXm¡a Ho$ nmg _hÿJm§d _| OÝ_
14 Aà¡b 1891
X{jUr ~amo Am`moJ Ho$ g_j gmú`
1917
Añn¥í` gå_boZ ZmJnwa _|
1918
_hmamOm H$moëhmnwa (_hmamï´>) Ûmam Am`mo{OV Añn¥í` gå_obZ
_mM© 1920
Añn¥í` gå_obZ ZmJnwa _|
_B© 1920
~{hîH¥$V {hVH$m[aUr g^m g§JR>Z
20 OwbmB© 1924
_wå~B© (_hmamï´>) Ho$ {dYmZ n[afX² Ho$ gXñ` Ho$ {bE _ZmoZ`Z
1926
_hmS> Vmbm~ (Ob) H$m gË`mJ«h
16 _mM© 1927
_hmS> n[afX² H$s ñWmnZm
{Xgå~a 1927
gm`_Z Am`moJ Ho$ g_j gmú`
_B© 1928
Zm{gH$ H$mbmam_ _§{Xa _| àdoe gË`mJ«h
2 _mM©1930
àW_ Jmob_oO gå_obZ _| à{V{Z{YËd
1930-31
{ÛVr` Jmob_oO gå_obZ _| à{V{Z{YËd
1931-32
{~«{Q>e OmVr` {ZU©`
20 AJñV 1932
nyZm g§{Y (nyZm noŠQ>)
24 {gVå~a 1932
^maVr` g§{dYmZ gwYma g§gXr` g{_{V Ho$ gXñ` Ho$ ê$n _| {Z`wpŠV
1932-34
Zm{gH$ (_hmamï´>) _| `odbm {Obm gå_obZ
23 AŠQy>~a 1935
~å~B© àmÝV H$s _hma n[afX²
31 _B© 1936
ñdV§Ì bo~a nmQ>u H$m gå_obZ
AJñV 1936
~å~B© àmÝV H$s {dYmZg^m Ho$ gXñ` {Zdm©{MV
OZdar 1937
A{Ib ^maVr` AZwgy{MV Om[V g§K H$s ñWmnZm ZmJnwa _|
Aà¡b 1942
dm`gam` H$m`©H$m[aUr n[afX² _| l__§Ìr Ho$ nX na {Z`w{ŠV
OwbmB© 1942
nrnëg EÁ`wHo$eZ gmogm`Q>r Am°\$ B§{S>`m H$s ñWmnZm
OwbmB© 1945
dm`gam` H$m`©H$m[aUr n[afX² go Ë`mJnÌ
{gVå~a 1946
~§Jmb go g§{dYmZ g^m Ho$ gXñ` {Zdm©{MV
Zdå~a1946
ñdV§Ì ^maV Ho$ nhbo H$mZyZ _§Ìr
15 AJñV 1947
g§{dYmZ g^m H$s {dYmZ àmê$n g{_{V Ho$ g^mn{V (Mo`a_oZ)
26 AJñV 1947
g§{dYmZ H$m àñVw{VH$aU
26 Zdå~a 1948
g§K _§{Ì_§S>b go Ë`mJnÌ
{gVå~a 1951
amÁ`g^m Ho$ {bE {Zdm©{MV
_mM© 1952
^maVr` ~m¡Õ _hmg^m H$s ñWmnZm
_B© 1955
AmJam _| ^maVr` AZwgy{MV Om{V g§K H$m {demb gå_obZ Ed§ ~m¡Õ {dhma H$s ñWmnZm 14 _mM© 1956
~m¡Õ Y_© _| Xrjm Ed§ Y_m©ÝVa
14 AŠQy>~a 1956
H$mR>_m§Sy _| {díd ~m¡Õ gå_obZ _| ^mfU
23 Zdå~a 1956
_hmn[a{Zdm©U {XZ ({ZYZ {Xdg)
6 {Xgå~a 1956
_aUmonamÝV ^maVaËZ go gå_m{ZV
1990
6 {Xgå~a 2007
_hmn[a{Zdm©U
{Xdg
(nwÊ`{V{W)
na {deof
- S>r.S>r. H$må~bo
àemg{ZH$ A{YH$mar (go.{Z.)
Ho$ÝÐr` CËnmX ewëH$
BÝXm¡a
namB© ~w{Õ go amOm hmoZo Ho$ ~Om` AnZr ~w{Õ go gmYw hmoZm AÀN>m - C{‹S>`m bmoH$mo{º$
27
amOVa§{JUr
H$Wm-`mÌm
a_oeMÝÐ ñdU©H$ma
doVZ Ed§ boIm A{YH$mar
gy`© H$m àM§S> ê$n g§Ü`m hmoVo-hmoVo em§V hmo J`mŸ& AmH$me _|
N>mB© bm{b_m XoI njr C‹S>H$a AnZo-AnZo Km|gbm| _| Am JEŸ&
A§YH$ma H$m gm_«mÁ` \¡$bZo bJm, na MÝÐ_m H$s {H$aU| Cgo amoH$Zo
Ho$ {bE à`ËZ H$aZo bJrŸ& Ad§{VH$m Ho$ amOm Ed§ ^JdmZ
_hmH$mboída Ho$ na_ ^ŠV àOm H$s dñVwpñW{V OmZZo Ho$ {bE gXm
H$s ^m±{V AmO ^r AnZm doe ~XbH$a ZJa H$s n[aH«$_m H$aZo hoVw
Mb n‹S>oŸ& àOm H$mo gwIr ~ZmZm, ZmJ[aH$ OrdZ H$mo AnamY d
^«ï>mMma go _wŠV H$aZm do AnZm A{Zdm`© H$V©ì` g_PVo WoŸ&
{ZH$bmŸ& ^«_U H$aVo hþE dh {\$a go Cgr JÝZo Ho$ IoV _| Om nhþ±MmŸ&
CgZo nrZo Ho$ {bE ag _m§JmŸ& H$b H$s ^m±{V AmO ^r {H$gmZ EH$
JÝZm bo Am`m VWm ag {ZMmo‹S>m, na AmO Aën_mÌm _| hr ag
{ZH$bmŸ& amOm Zo H$hm - ""H$moB© Xygam JÝZm bmAmo, Bg_| Vmo XmoMma Ky§Q> hr ag h¡, {H$gmZ ^mB© ! Š`m ~mV h¡ H$b Vmo _¢ EH$ JÝZo go
hr V¥ßV hmo J`m WmŸ&'' {H$gmZ Zo H$hm - ""AmO Vmo g^r JÝZm| _|
BVZm hr ag {ZH$boJmŸ& bJVm h¡ {H$ AmO amOm H$s ^mdZmE± ~Xb
JB© h¢Ÿ&'' amOm Zo {H$gmZ H$s ~mV| gwZr Adí` bo{H$Z àË`wÎma _| Hw$N>
Zht H$hmŸ& MwnMmn _hbm| _| OmH$a gmo J`mŸ&
AmO Ky_Vo-Ky_Vo do IoVm| _| nhþ±M JEŸ& Mm±XZr amV WrŸ& ag go
^ao JÝZm| H$s IoVr XoIH$a CZH$m _Z ag nrZo Ho$ {bE _Mb CR>mŸ&
àmV…H$mb O~ CgH$s Am±I Iwbr, V~ ^r {H$gmZ H$m H$WZ,
CÝhm|Zo IoV Ho$ ñdm_r {H$gmZ go H$hm - ""Aao ^mB© ! _¢ naXoer hy±Ÿ& CgHo$ _Zmo-_pñVîH$ _| ñn§{XV hmo ahm WmŸ& dh gmoM ahm Wm, ^bm
MbVo-MbVo WH$ J`m hÿ±Ÿ& ß`mg go Jbm gyIm Om ahm h¡, Wmo‹S>m nmZr `h H¡$go g§^d h¡? Š`m ^mdZmE± BVZr à^mdr hmoVr h¢Ÿ& amOm Zo AnZo
_Z H$s gmar ~mV| _hm_§Ìr ~oVmb ^Q²>Q> H$mo H$h gwZmBªŸ& _hm_§Ìr
{nbm XmoŸ&''
~oVmb ^Q²>Q> Hw$eb amOZr{Vk hr Zht _Zrfr, VÎdk Am¡a
CZH$s ~mV gwZH$a {H$gmZ Zo H$hm - ""naXoer ! bJVm h¡ Amn
CÀMH$mo{Q> Ho$ gmYH$ ^r WoŸ& CÝhm|Zo H$hm - ""ho amOZ² ! ew^mew^
Ad§Vr amÁ` CÁO{`Zr _| nhbr ~ma Am`o hmoŸ& Amn Ad§Vr Zaoe
^mdZmAm|o H$m Aga ñd`§ na hr Zht A{nVw Xygam| na ^r n‹S>Vm h¡Ÿ&
_hmamO dra {dH«$_m{XË` Ho$ ZJa H$s ar{V-Zr{V, naånamAm| Ed§
O¡gm h_ Xygam| Ho$ {df` _| {M§VZ H$aVo h¢, d¡gm hr dh h_mao ~mao _|
ì`dhma go n[a{MV Zht hmoŸ& Bgr{bE Eogm H$h aho hmoŸ& AmnH$mo
gmoMVm h¡Ÿ& `{X Amn ^mdZmAm| Ho$ à^md H$mo naIZm Mmh| Vmo AmO
_mby_ hmoZm Mm[hE {H$ `hm± nmZr _m§JZo dmbo H$mo XyY-Xhr {nbm`m
h_ XmoZm| doe n[ad{V©V H$aHo$ dZ ^«_U H$aZo Mb| VWm ew^mew^
OmVm h¡Ÿ& I¡a AmO Amn _oao A{V{W h¢ Am¡a `hm± Ho$ àË`oH$ {Zdmgr
^mdm| H$m à`moJ H$aHo$ XoI|Ÿ&''
H$mo ""A{V{W Xodmo ^d'' Ho$ g§ñH$ma {_bo h¢Ÿ& Aä`mJV H$m ñdmJV
_hmamO dra {dH«$_m{XË` Ed§ _hm_mË` ~oVmb ^Q²>Q> doe
H$aZm h_mam Y_© h¡, H$V©ì` h¡Ÿ& Bg{bE _¢ AmnH$mo nmZr Ho$ ñWmZ na
n[ad{V©V H$aHo$ dZ H$s Amoa ~‹T> JEŸ& Cgr g_` Hw$N> bH$‹S>hmao
JÝZo H$m ag {nbmD±$JmŸ& AmBE, lr_mZ²Ÿ&''
bH${‹S>`m| Ho$ N>moQ>o-N>moQ>o JQ²>R>a {ga na aIo gm_Zo go Am aho WoŸ&
{H$gmZ IoV go EH$ JÝZm Vmo‹S>H$a bo Am`m Am¡a ~mobm CÝh| XoIH$a amOm Zo H$hm ""_hm_§Ìr Or ! Bg T>§J go Vmo `o bH$‹S>hmao
""hmWm| H$s A§O{b ~ZmH$a _w±h na bJmAmoŸ& _¢ JÝZo H$m ag {ZMmo‹S>Vm
nyao dZ H$m g\$m`m H$a X|JoŸ& Amn BÝh| g_PmBE, daZm _¢ BZ g^r
h±ÿŸ& Cg EH$ JÝZo go BVZm ag {ZH$bm {H$ amOm nrVo hr V¥ßV hmo J`mŸ&
H$mo ~§XrJ¥h _| ~§X H$adm Xy±JmŸ&''
am{Ì-^«_U Ho$ CnamÝV amOm nwZ… AnZo _hbm| _| bm¡Q> Am`m Am¡a
BVZo _| hr do g^r bH$‹S>hmao amOm Ho$ g_rn nhþ±M J`oŸ& _§§Ìr Zo
eæ`m na boQ> J`mŸ& boQ>o-boQ>o Cgo {dMma Am`m {H$ JÝZo H$s n¡Xmdma
~hþV Á`mXm h¡Ÿ& bo{H$Z {H$gmZ _wPo ~hþV H$_ H$a XoVm h¡Ÿ& _¢ BgH$m H$hm - ""bH$‹S>hmao ! Š`m Vwåh| kmV h¡ {H$ AmO _hmamO
{dH«$_m{XË` _¥Ë`w H$mo àmßV hmo J`o h¢Ÿ& do ~‹S>o Zr{VdmZ² Am¡a
H$a ~‹T>mD±$JmŸ&''
H$Îm©ì`nam`U amOm WoŸ& CZH$s _¥Ë`w go CÁO{`Zr ZJar _| emoH$ N>m
Xygar amV ^r amOm {dH«$_m{XË` doe ~XbH$a {ZË` H$s ^m±{V
J`m h¡Ÿ&""
Omo ào_ {H$gr H$mo hm{Z nhþ±MmE dh ào_ Zht h¡ - AkmV
28
amOVa§{JUr
_§Ìr H$m H$WZ gwZH$a g^r bH$‹S>hmam| Zo JQ²>R>o ZrMo \|$H$ {X`o
Am¡a Iwer go ZmMZo bJoŸ& _mZm| CÝh| H$B© {Z{Y hmW bJ JB© hmoŸ&
_hm_§Ìr ~oVmb ^Å> Zo CZgo àgÝZ hmoZo H$m H$maU nyN>m& Bg na g^r
bH$‹S>hmao EH$ gmW ~mob CR>o - ""Ahmo ! AmO Vmo h_mao ^m½` hr
M_H$ CR>o h¢Ÿ& AmO h_mar bH${‹S>`m± D±$Mo Xm_m| _| {~H|$JrŸ&''
CZH$s Eogr ZmXmZr ^ar ~mV| gwZH$a ^r amOm H$mo H«$moY Zht
Am`m, A{nVw do XmoZm| AmJo ~‹T> J`oŸ& _mJ© _| _§Ìr Zo H$hm - ""amOZ² !
XoI {b`m Z Aew^ ^mdm| Ho$ n[aUm_ hmWm|hmW AmnZo bH$‹S>hmam| Ho$
~mao _| ~wam gmoMm, do g~ ^r AmnH$s _¥Ë`w H$s ~mV gwZH$a ZmM
CR>oŸ&''
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d¥Õm ½dm{bZ {ga na XyY-Xhr H$m _Q>H$m aIo ~‹S>r _w{íH$b go BYa
hr Am ahr WrŸ& ½dm{bZ H$mo XoIH$a amOm Zo H$hm - ""_§ÌrOr ! `h
½dm{bZ {H$VZr d¥Õ hmo JB© h¡Ÿ& H$_a PwH$s hþB© h¡, {\$a ^r bmR>r Ho$
ghmao MbVr hþB© XyY-Xhr ~oMH$a AnZm JwOmam H$aVr h¡Ÿ& {H$VZr
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H$s Va\$ go Hw$N>oH$ gw{dYmAm| g_oV XwYmê$ Jm`| ^|Q> H$ê±$JmŸ&'' O~
d¥Õm ½dmbZ CZHo$ {ZH$Q> nhþ±Mr, _§Ìr ~oVmb ^Å> ~mobm - ""_m± !
AmO ~hþV ~wam hþAm h¡Ÿ& amOm {dH«$_m{XË` H$s _¥Ë`w hmo JB© h¡Ÿ&''
_§Ìr H$m BVZm H$hZm Wm {H$ d¥Õm _m± Zo ""Zht'' H$hVo hþE Omoa
go {ga {hbm`m, \$bV… _Q>H$s ZrMo {Ja JB©, Cgo BgH$m ^r ^mZ
Zht ahmŸ& dh H$éU {dbmn H$a H$hZo bJr - ""ho ^JdmZ² ! `h Š`m
hþAm? BVZr ~y‹T>r _¢ ~¡R>r hÿ Am¡a h_mao `wdm CXma öX` _hmamO h_|
N>mo‹S>H$a Mbo J`oŸ& `[X _oam ~g MbVm Vmo _¢ CÝh| AnZr C_« ^r Xo
XoVr, CÝh| _aZo Zht XoVrŸ&''
amOm Zo H$hm - ""_m±, A~ Eogm H$aZo go Š`m hmoJm? Omo hmoZm
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_hb _| nhþ±MoŸ& amOm Zo Cg d¥Õm H$m ~hþV gËH$ma-gå_mZ {H$`m
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_hmamOm dra {dH«$_m{XË` ew^mew^ ^mdm| H$s n[aU{V H$mo XoI
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lr Aa{dÝX qgh H$mo {~XmB© ñdê$n àVrH$ {MÝh ^|Q>
{H$`mŸ& Bg Adga na XmoZm| Ana Am`wŠV lr Amo.nr.
XYrM Ed§ lr Ama.Ho$. Vbm{O`m _m¡OyX WoŸ& Am^ma
àXe©Z g§`wº$ Am`wŠV lr Eg. Omog\$ Zo {H$`mŸ&
H$m`©H«$_ g§MmbZ ghm`H$ {ZXoeH$ (amO^mfm)
lr AéU Hw$_ma O¡Z Zo {H$`mŸ&
lr Y_©Xmg H$m±~b godm{Zd¥Îm
lr Y_©Xmg H$m±~bo, àemg{ZH$ A{YH$mar,
_w»`mb`, BÝXm¡a H$mo godm{Zd¥{Îm na _m{UH$~mJ n¡bog
n[aga _| ^md^rZr {~XmB© Xr JB©Ÿ&
lr H$m±~bo ""amOVa§{JUr'' Ho$ {Z`{_V boIH$ aho
h¢Ÿ&
{hÝXr Ho$ {~Zm h_mar AmOmXr AYyar h¡ - kmZr O¡bqgh
29
amOVa§{JUr
BÝXm¡a Am`wŠVmb` _|
gVH©$Vm OmJê$H$Vm
gßVmh H$m Am`moOZ
ApídZr Hw$_ma
AYrjH$ (gVH©$Vm)
Ho$.C.ew. (_w.), BÝXm¡a
_hm{ZXoeH$ (gVH©$Vm), gVH©$Vm _hm{ZXoemb`, ZB© {Xëbr
Ho$ {ZX}emZwgma {XZm§H$ 12.11.2007 go 16.11.2007 VH$
Ho$ÝÐr` CËnmX ewëH$ _w»`mb`, BÝXm¡a pñWV H$m`m©b` _| gVH©$Vm
OmJê$H$Vm gßVmh H$m Am`moOZ {H$`m, gmW hr g^r _§S>b
H$m`m©b`m| _| ^r `h Am`moOZ {H$`m J`mŸ&
à`mg gamhZr` Wo VWm{n lr ^maV ^yfU ~mW_, {ZarjH$ H$mo
àW_ lr AéU ^mQ>r, boImH$ma H$mo {ÛVr` Ed§ lr Hw$Vw~wÔrZ
hmoQ>bdmbm, H$a ghm`H$ H$mo V¥Vr` nwañH$ma Ho$ {bE Zm{_V {H$`m
J`mŸ&
{H$`m J`mŸ&
H$m`©H«$_ H$m Am`moOZ Ed§ g§MmbZ lr Eg. Omogo\$, g§`wŠV
Am`wŠV (H$m{_©H$ Ed§ gVH©$Vm) _hmoX` Ho$ _mJ©Xe©Z _| gVH©$Vm
emIm Ho$ A{YH$mar/H$_©Mm[a`m| Ûmam {H$`m J`m VWm lr AéU
Hw$_ma O¡Z, AYrjH$ (boIm narjm) Ed§ ghm`H$ {ZXoeH$
(amO^mfm) Zo {ZUm©`H$ ñdê$n AnZm nyU© `moJXmZ {X`mŸ& lr
Ama.Q>r. JmobmZr, ghm`H$ Am`wŠV à^mJ, BÝXm¡a Zo ^r {ZUm©`H$
Ho$ ê$n _| AnZm `moJXmZ {X`mŸ&
{XZm§H$ 16.11.2007 H$mo 11.00 ~Oo Bgr àH$ma
13.11.2007 H$mo16.00 ~Oo Am`wŠV _hmoX` Ûmam g^r AW©ì`dñWm na ^«ï>mMma H$m Aga {df` na {Z~§Y à{V`mo{JVm
A{YH$m[a`m|/H$_©Mm[a`m| H$mo gË`{Zð>m Ed§ nyU© B©_mZXmar go H$m`© H$m Am`moOZ {H$`m J`m, {Og_| {d^mJr` A{YH$m[a`m|/H$_©Mm[a`m|
H$aZo hoVw enW {XbmB© JB©Ÿ&
Zo nyU© CËgmh go à{V`mo{JVm _| ^mJ {b`mŸ& g^r Ho$ à`mg
Bg Adga na Am`wº$ lr _rUm Or Zo AnZo CX²~moYZ _| H$hm gamhZr` WoŸ&
{H$ OZVm H$s OmJê$H$Vm, {Z`_, H$m`Xm| H$s g_P bmoH$V§Ì _|
Bg à{V`mo{JVm _| lr AVwb {ÌdoXr, H$a ghm`H$ H$mo àW_,
^«ï>mMma V§Ì H$mo g_mßV H$aZo H$m am_~mU ZwñIm h¡Ÿ& h_| AnZo lr Hw$Vw~wÔrZ hmoQ>bdmbm, H$a ghm`H$ H$mo {ÛVr` Ed§ lr_Vr
A{YH$mam|§ Ho$ gmW-gmW H$V©ì`m| Ho$ à{V ^r OmJê$H$ hmoZm n‹S>oJmŸ& H${dVm Xw~o, H$a ghm`H$ H$mo V¥Vr` nwañH$ma Ho$ {bE Zm{_V {H$`m
V^r h_ CÝZV g_mO H$mo {dH$mg H$s ghr {Xem Xo nmE§JoŸ&
J`mŸ& lr {Z{VZ O¡Z H$a ghm`H$ Ed§ boImH$ma H$mo {deof gm§ËdZm
Bg gßVmh Ho$ Xm¡amZ {XZm§H$ 14.11.2007 H$mo 11.00 ~Oo nwañH$ma hoVw Zm{_V {H$`m J`mŸ& {XZm§H$ 16.11.2007 H$mo
Am¡Úmo{JH$ à{V{Z{Y`m| Ed§ {d^mJr` A{YH$m[a`m| Ho$ _Ü` ^«ï>mMma gm`§H$mb EH$ g_mamoh _| Am`wŠV _hmoX` Ûmam {dO`r à{V`mo{J`m|
{ZdmaU Cnm` g§~§Yr OmZH$mar Ed§ nañna g§dmX H$m Am`moOZ H$mo nwañH$ma ñdê$n àepñV nÌ {dV[aV {H$E JEŸ&
CŠV g§dmX lr am.Hw$. Vbm{O`m, Ana Am`wŠV H$s AÜ`jVm
_| hþAm {Og_| Am¡Úmo{JH$ à{V{Z{Y`m| Zo ^r AnZo {dMma àH$Q>
{H$EŸ& {XZm§H$ 15.11.2007 H$mo lr Amo.nr. XYrM, Ana Am`wŠV
H$s AÜ`jVm _| n[ag§dmX - ""^«ï>mMma Ho$ _w»` H$maU'' H$m ^r
Am`moOZ {H$`m J`mŸ&
n[ag§dmX _| {d^mJr` A{YH$m[a`m| Zo AnZo {dMma aIoŸ& gmW
"gVH©$Vm gßVmh' Ho$ Am`moOZ Ho$ g_mMmam| H$mo g^r
hr - ""^«ï>mMma amoH$m Om gH$Vm h¡"" {df` na dmX-{ddmX
g_mMma-nÌm| Zo à_wIVm go ñWmZ {X`mŸ&
à{V`mo{JVm H$m Am`moOZ {H$`m J`m, {Og_| g^r à{V`mo{J`m| Ho$
_¢Zo H$m`© go hr AnZo H$mo ~hþJw{UV {H$`m h¡ - Zonmo{b`Z
30
amOVa§{JUr
no‹S>
_| ^r
OmZ
h¡
A_o` XYrM
gwnwÌ lr Amo.nr. XYrM
Ana Am`wº$, Ho$.C.ew.
BÝXm¡a
no‹S> _| ^r OmZ h¡Ÿ&
CZH$m IwX H$m ^r gå_mZ h¡Ÿ&&
_V H$mQ>mo Vw_ no‹S> H$moŸ&
Š`m|{H$ dmo Hw$N> Zht H$a nmVoŸ&&
gmoMmo AJa dmo H$mQ>Vo Vw_H$mo Vmo
Vw_ Š`m H$a nmVo?
gmoMmo no‹S> Zm hmoVo Vmo,
no‹S> _| ^r OmZ h¡Ÿ&
~ÀMo {H$g na bQ>H$Vo?
CZH$m IwX H$m ^r gå_mZ h¡Ÿ&&
gmoMmo no‹S> Zm hmoVo Vmo,
no‹S> h_| XoVo h¢ \$b
ß`ma H$aZo dmbo, Zm_ {H$g na {bIVoŸ&&
noQ>^aŸ&
gmoMmo no‹S> Zm hmoVo Vmo,
na BÝgmZ Cgo H$mQ>Vo h¢
Š`m Vw_ Or{dV hmoVo ?
{OÝXJr ^aŸ&
no‹S> _| ^r OmZ h¡Ÿ&
no‹S> _| ^r OmZ h¡Ÿ&
CZH$m IwX H$m ^r gå_mZ h¡Ÿ&&
CZH$m IwX H$m ^r gå_mZ h¡Ÿ&&
g~ ~mobmo _oao g§J no‹S> H$mo H$mQ>Zo go h_ ~MmE±J|
Zht ~Mm nmE±Jo Vmo
IwX ^r H$Q> OmE±JoŸ&
no‹S> _| ^r OmZ h¡Ÿ&
CZH$m IwX H$m ^r gå_mZ h¡Ÿ&&
amï´>r` EH$Vm Ho$ {bE gmao Xoe _| {hÝXr H$m àMma Amdí`H$ h¡ - bmbm bmOnVam`
31
amOVa§{JUr
JµOb
Vm
d
{
$
H
CObr-CObr Xoh na,
ZŠH$mer H$m H$m_Ÿ&
VmµO _hb H$s Iy{~`m±,
_OXyam| Ho$ Zm_Ÿ&
_m±-~oQ>o Ho$ ñZoh _|,
EH$ gKZ {dñVmaŸ&
VmO Ho$ gmW _|,
`_wZm ZXr H$m ß`maŸ&
MMm©Am| go, emoY go,
B{Vhmg go Xya,
VmµO _hb Ho$ ê$n _|,
Or{dV h¡ dh _OXyaŸ&
S>r.S>r. H$må~bo
Cn H$m`m©b` AYrjH$
_w»`mb`, BÝXm¡a
MmhV _| Amg_m§ H$s µO_t H$m Zht ahm,
Š`m ~XZgr~ Wm {H$, H$ht H$m Zht ahmŸ&
Xw{Z`m Ho$ B{Ýh_mH$ _| Xr H$m Zht ahm,
Ka CgH$m {Og OJh Wm dht H$m Zht ahmŸ&
`o Am¡a ~mV h¡ {H$ h_| EoV~ma hmo,
daZm O_mZm AmO `H$s¨ H$m Zht ahmŸ&
"hm±' H$h Ho$ AnZr OmZ ~MmZo bJo h¢ bmoJ,
A~ XmoñVm| O_mZm Zht H$m Zht ahmŸ&
noem{Z`m| no ZŠem Omo gOXo H$m ~Z J`m,
bo{H$Z H$ht {ZemZ O~t H$m Zht ahmŸ&
K~am Ho$ C‹S> J`m h¡ H$moB© VmBa| Z\$g,
A~ AmO Ho$ _H$mZ `H$t H$m Zht ahmŸ&
"Y_}e' Voar {\$H«$mo ZµOa Amg_m§ ghr,
d¡go O_mZm ImH$ Zet H$m Zht ahmŸ&
- Y_©Xmg H$m§~bo (Y_}e)
S>r.Amo.Eg., ñWmnZm emIm-Ÿ&&
_w»`mb`, BÝXm¡a (_.à.)
Qy>Q>Vm h¡ \y$b S>mbr go,
Iwe~y gd©Ì bwQ>mZo H$moŸ&
Qy>Q>Vr h¡ S>mbr d¥j go,
g{_Ym hdZ H$s ~ZZo H$moŸ&
P‹S>Vo h¡ nÎmo no‹S> go,
AmˆmZ dg§V H$m H$aZo H$moŸ&
{~Nw>‹S>Vo _oK Amg_m§ go,
YaVr H$s ß`mg ~wPmZo H$moŸ&
N>mo‹S> {H$aU| gyaO H$mo AmVr,
Ohm± àH$m{eV H$aZo H$mo
Mm±XZr N>mo‹S> M§Xm H$mo AmVr,
erVbVm \¡$bmZo H$moŸ&
Qy>Q>Vm h¡
\y$b
N>mo‹S> AnZo AnZm| H$mo OmVo,
Hw$N> ImoZo Hw$N> nmZo H$moŸ&
lr_Vr H¥$nm e_m©
nËZr lr grVmam_ e_m©
Cnm`wº$, Ho$.C.ew., nrW_nwa
N>nmZo Ho$ {bE H$^r _V {bImo, Ho$db {bIZo Ho$ {bE {bImo - AkmV
32
em`ar
amOVa§{JUr
M§X AíAma AmnH$s ZµOa
01 gr§Mm h¡ Bgo IyZ go h_ g~ {VíZm b~m| Zo,
V~ H$ht OmH$a Bg A§XmµO H$m _¡` ImZm ~Zm h¡Ÿ&
02 hmW CgHo$ ^r hþE hm|Jo `H$sZZ µO»_r,
{OgZo H$m±Q>o _oar amhm| _| {~N>mE± hm|JoŸ&
03 EH$ µO»_ Zht nyam ~XZ h¡ N>bZr,
XX© IwX gmoMVm h¡ nhbo H$hm± go CRy>±Ÿ&
04 CgZo _oao µO»_m| H$m Bg Vah {H$`m BbmO,
{H$ _ah_ ^r bJm`m Vmo H$m±Q>| H$s Zm|H$ goŸ&
05 _wÔVm| go _¢Zo H$moB© »dm~ Zht XoIm h¡,
hmW aI Xo _oar Am±I no Ho$ ZtX Am OmEŸ&
06 h§g-h§g Ho$ gho h¢ Om_o AµO`V Ho$,
{H$VZm Iybwg _oao Zw\y$g _| WmŸ&
07 Voao Iybwg Zo ~~m©X H$a {X`m _wPH$mo,
\$ao~ ImVm Vmo H$~ H$m gåhb J`m hmoVmŸ&
08 Voao Ow‹S>o _| Zht hÿ± `o _wŠXXa h¡ _oam,
\y$b _¢ ^r h±y _Ja {_Q²>Q>r Ho$ JwbXmZ H$mŸ&
09 Eogo {bnQ>r h¢ Voar `mX| _oao grZo go,
O¡go MÝXZ go H$moB© gm±n {bnQ> OmVm h¡Ÿ&
10 em_ hmoVo hr MamJm| H$mo ~wPm XoVm hÿ±,
{Xb hr H$m\$s h¡ Voar `mX _| ObZo Ho$ {bEŸ&
11 AíH$ Am±Im| _| `y± hr Vmo Zht N>bHo$ hm|Jo,
{Xb {H$gr H$s `mX Ho$ AmZo go ^a Am`m hmoJmŸ&
12 `o ga ~wbÝX hmoVo hr emZo go H$Q> J`m,
_¢ _mohVa_ hþAm Vmo µO_mZo go H$Q> J`mŸ&
13 Ow‹S>o H$s emZ ~‹T> JB© _h{\$b _hH$ CR>r,
_Ja `o \y$b AnZo KamZo go H$Q> J`mŸ&
14 Bg no‹S> go {H$gr H$mo {eH$m`V Zht Wr _Ja,
`h no‹S> {g\©$ amh _| AmZo go H$Q> J`mŸ&
15 _w\${bgr nmgo eam\$V Zht ahZo XoJr,
`o hdm no‹S> gbm_V Zht ahZo XoJrŸ&
16 _wP H$mo OrZo Zht XoJ| `o _gmB©~mo Ho$ nhm‹S>,
_oao ~ÀMo _wPo ~y‹T>m Zht hmoZo XoVoŸ&
17. {µOÝXJr H$m EH$ Am¡a ~m~ IË_ hþAm,
e~m~ IË_ hþAm EH$ AµOm~ IË_ hþAmŸ&
18. VbmH$ Xo Vmo aho hmo _wPo Jwéa Am¡a H$ha Ho$ gmW,
_oam e~m~ ^r bm¡Q>m XoZm _oao _oha Ho$ gmWŸ&
_mo. AZda ImZ
H$a ghm`H$
({hÝXr AZw^mJ)
01 h_ µO_mZo Ho$ gVm`o h¢ ~hþV,
AnZo grZo go bJm bmo h_H$moŸ&
02 AmO gmH$s H$mo {nbm`r OmEJr Am±Im| go,
~g `hr gµOm Xr OmEJr Am±Im| goŸ&
03 Hw$N> Vmo hmoVm h¡ hgrZm| H$mo ^r Ehgmg O_mb,
Am¡a Hw$N> BíH$ ^r _µJê$a ~Zm XoVm h¡Ÿ&
04 ha _mo‹S> no Xmo Am±I| h_go `hr H$hVr h¢,
{Og Vah ^r _w_{H$Z hmo EH$ ~ma Vw_ Am OmZmŸ&
05 h_ Voar `mX go ~hbmE hþE Wo {Xb H$mo,
Š`m I~a Wr `o aJ-aJ _| CVa OmEJrŸ&
06 _¢ ^r Bg Xm¡a H$m BÝgm§ hÿ± \$[aíVm Vmo Zht,
Amn Bg Vah _oar Am±Im| go CbPm Z H$a|Ÿ&
07 Hw$N> »`mbmV bwQ>oao ^r hþAm H$aVo h¢,
{Xb H$m XadmOm Iwbm N>mo‹S> Ho$ gmo`m Z H$a|Ÿ&
08 Cg emoI H$s Am_X Zo _mhm¡b ~Xb S>mbm,
_aZo H$s V_ÝZm Zo OrZo H$s H$g_ ImbrŸ&
09 _mZm {H$ Vw_H$mo AnZr ~wb§Xr no ZmµO h¢,
{Xb _| H$^r {H$gr Ho$ CVaZm ^r Mm{hEŸ&
10 O~ H$moB© em˜ H$mo hmW bJmVo h¢ M_Z _|,
ea_m` bMH$ Om` Vmo bJVm h¡ {H$ Vw_ hmoŸ&
11 Vw_H$mo Bg Ka go J`o EH$ µO_mZm JwµOam,
na {~ñVa go Voar µOwë\$ H$s Iwe~y Z JB©Ÿ&
12 AmnZo {XZ ~Zm {X`m Wm {Ogo,
{µOÝXJr ^a dmo amV `mX AmB©Ÿ&
13 A§Yoam hmoVo hr OmJ CR>Vr h¡ Voar `mX|,
`o _eJb| Omo Z hmoVr Vmo hmb Š`m hmoVmŸ&
14 h_ ~ÝX {H$E Am±I Vgìdwa _| n‹S>| hm|,
Eogo _| Vw N>_ go Am OmAmo Vmo Š`m hmoŸ&
15 »dm~ XoImoJo Vmo ZtX hr C‹S> Om`oJr,
Š`m µOê$ar h¡ Ho$ ha »dm~ gwZham hmoJmŸ&
16 Š`m| _w±h ~Zm aho hmo ~mogo Ho$ _m±JZo na,
Iwe hmoVo h¢ gIr O~ gm`b H$mo XoIVo h¢Ÿ&
17 gmJa H$m Omoe Prb H$m R>hamd µOmoao _m¡O,
Š`m-Š`m Z Voar Am±I H$s JhamB©`m| _| h¡Ÿ&
H«$moY Am`o Vmo CgHo$ n[aUm_ na {dMma H$a|Ÿ - H$åâ`y{e`g
33
amOVa§{JUr
gmoMmo AJa Iwe ahZm h¡ Vmo
^ybZm _V ^y{bE
Amn ^r gmoM aho hm|Jo {H$ `h Š`m ~mV hþB©? Ohm± h_ AnZr
`mXXmíV _O~yV H$aZo Ho$ {bE ZE-ZE VarHo$ AnZmVo ho¢, dhm±
""^ybZo'' H$s ~mV H¡$go? naÝVw OrdZ H$mo `{X gwIr d AmZ§X_`
~ZmZm h¡ Vmo ""^ybZo'' H$s H$bm H$m AmZm AË`ÝV Amdí`H$ h¡Ÿ&
VéU H$amho
H$a ghm`H$ (amoH$nmb)
_w»`mb`, BÝXm¡a
~wao AZw^dm| H$mo ""`mX|'' Zht ~ZmZm Mm{hEŸ& Xw…I H$mo {OVZm
ghoO|J| dh CVZm hr ~‹T>Vm OmEJm Am¡a `{X N>mo‹S> {X`m Vmo nwZ…
bm¡Q>H$a Zht AmEJmŸ& AV… gwI, em§{V nmZoo Ho$ {bE H$Qw> AZw^dm|
H$mo N>mo‹S>Zm hr n‹S>oJmŸ&
h_ _| go {H$VZo hr bmoJ nwamZr a§{Oem|, XmoñVm|-[aíVoXmam| H$s
Cå_rX _V a{IE
N>moQ>r-_moQ>r Jb{V`m| H$mo ~agm| VH$ {Xb _| Nw>nmE ahVo h¢Ÿ& Bggo
JrVm _| H$hm J`m h¡ {H$ - ""H$_© H$aVo OmAmo, \$b H$s BÀN>m
ñd`§ H$mo Xw…Ir H$aZo Ho$ Abmdm Hw$N> àmßV Zht hmoVmŸ& gwI àmßV
_V H$amoŸ&'' `{X Cå_rX| nyar Zht hmoVr Vmo Bggo ñd`§ H$mo R>og
H$aZo Ho$ {bE ~hþV go VarHo$ h¢Ÿ& O¡go …nhþ±MVr h¡Ÿ& {H$gr H$mo ß`ma H$aZm `m ß`ma XoZm ~hþV AÀN>m h¡,
Hw$N> nmZo Ho$ {bE Hw$N> ImoZm ^r n‹S>Vm h¡
naÝVw ~Xbo _| Cggo CVZo ß`ma H$s hr Anojm aIZm JbV h¡Ÿ& h_Zo
h_ AJa OrdZ _| gwI, em§{V, VaŠH$s MmhVo h¢ Vmo nwamZo {H$gr H$mo Š`m Am¡a {H$VZm {X`m, `h ^yb OmE± Vmo ~Xbo _| Hw$N> nmZo
H$‹S>do AZw^dm| H$mo ^yb OmZm Mm{hEŸ& `{X h_ {H$gr narjm _| EH$ H$s Cå_rX ^r Zht ahoJr Am¡a Xw…I ^r Zht hmoJmŸ&
~ma Ag\$b hmo OmVo h¢ Am¡a {Xb _| ~gmH$a gmoMVo h¢ {H$ h_ H$^r
IQ²>Q>o AZw^dm| H$mo ^ybH$a, _rR>r `mXm| H$mo {Xb _| g§OmoE±
g\$b Zht hmo gH$Vo, `h YmaUm JbV h¡, Bggo AÀN>m h¡ {H$ aIZm hr gwI H$s àmpßV h¡Ÿ& H$‹S>do AZw^d N>mo‹S>H$a OrdZ Ho$
Ag\$bVm H$mo ^ybH$a nwZ… Cgr {dídmg d Cå_rX Ho$ gmW V¡`mar gH$mamË_H$ nhby H$mo h_oem Ü`mZ _| aIZm Mm{hEŸ& OrdZ _| Hw$N>
_| OwQ> OmE±Ÿ&
hm{gb H$aZo Ho$ {bE Hw$N> N>mo‹S>Zm ^r n‹S>Vm h¡Ÿ& OrdZ Ho$ MbVo
H$B© ~ma {H$gr go h_mar AZ~Z hmo OmVr h¡, BgH$m `h AW© Zht {H$ ahZo Ho$ {bE gm§g N>mo‹S>Zm ^r CVZm hr Oê$ar h¡, {OVZm gm±g H$mo
Bg H$hm-gwZr H$mo h_oem Ho$ {bE `mX aIm OmEŸ& {OÝXJr Ho$ g\$a A§Xa boZm, Vmo Š`m| Z h_ gm±g H$mo N>mo‹S>Vo g_` H$‹S>do AZw^dm| H$mo
_| {H$gH$s H$~ Oê$aV n‹S> OmE `h H$hm Zht Om gH$VmŸ& Bg{bE N>mo‹S>| Am¡a gm±g A§Xa boVo g_` _rR>r AÀN>r `mXm| H$mo g§OmoEŸŸ&
CnbpãY
{XZm§H$ 28 go 30 OZdar 2008 VH$ H$bH$Îmm _| Am`mo{OV 40dt A{Ib
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36
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O‹S>r-~y{Q>`m| H$s OmZH$mar
^moOZ Am¡a ñdmñÏ` H$s XoIaoI _| nmXnm| Ho$ Cn`moJ Ho$ ~mao _|
_mZd Ho$ ì`mnH$ kmZ Ho$ H$maU ^maVr` gä`Vm ~hþV gånÝZ h¡Ÿ& Bg
_m_bo _| ^maVr` gä`Vm H$m Jm¡ad_` AVrV ahm h¡Ÿ& ^maV _|
ñdmñÏ` H$s XoIaoI H$s bå~r Am¡a Jm¡adembr naånam h¡Ÿ& VrZ hOma
dfm] go ^r bå~o g_` go `hm± Am`wd}X, `yZmZr, {gÕ Am¡a `moJ VWm
ZoMwamon¡Wr {M{H$Ëgm nÕ{V`m± AnZmB© Om ahr h¢Ÿ& g_` Ho$ gmW `h
{gÕ hmo J`m h¡ {H$ bmoJm| Ho$ ñdmñÏ` H$s XoI^mb _| BZH$m A_yë`
Cn`moJ h¡ Am¡a ~ohX AmË_r` VWm emoY Ho$ AmYma na `h ~moY h¡ {H$
n`m©daU Ho$ Am¡a AO¡d `m¡{JH$ gmH$ë`dmXr ñdmñÏ` XoIaoI H$mo
àmoËgmhZ XoZo _| _hËdnyU© ^y{_H$m {Z^mVo h¢Ÿ& BZ nÕ{V`m| Ho$ Cn`moJ
Ho$ ~mao _| Xw{Z`m H$s {XbMñnr ~‹T> ahr h¡ VWm {dH${gV Xw{Z`m
^maVr` nÕ{V`m± AnZmZo Ho$ {bE V¡`ma h¢Ÿ& `moJ AmO Xw{Z`m ^a _|
_ehÿa hmo MwH$m h¡Ÿ&
`hm± _Yw_oh Ho$ ~mao _| g_PZo H$s VwaÝV Oê$aV h¡Ÿ& Bg amoJ Ho$
AmH$bZ VWm {Z`§ÌU Ho$ {bE ì`mdhm[aH$ gmoM {dH${gV H$aZo VWm
_Yw_oh H$mo ^maVr` g§X^© _| g_PZm Amdí`H$ h¡Ÿ& Amhma, ñdñW,
ahZ-ghZ Am¡a à^mdembr gyMZm, {ejm Am¡a g§Mma g~Ho$ {bE
ñdmñÏ` H$m bú` hm{gb H$aZo VWm Bg ~r_mar go {ZnQ>Zo Ho$ {bE
~hþV _hËdnyU© h¡ VWm gVV gm_y{hH$ ^mJrXmar go `h g§^d ~Zm`m
Om gH$Vm h¡Ÿ&
gm±B© H$mo AnZr ha-EH$ g§VmZ
H$m amµO nVm h¡Ÿ
Š`m|{H$ dh ha EH$ Ho$
{Xb _| ~gm h¡Ÿ&
gm±B© AnZr ha g§VmZ H$mo
_m± H$s Vah ß`ma H$aVo h¢
Am¡a do ha Vy\$mZ go
AnZr g§VmZ H$m ~Mmd H$aVo h¢
gm±B© ~hþV X`mbw Ed§ H¥$nmbw h¢
O~ H$X_ h_mao H$^r S>J_JmVo h¢
V~ do _XX H$mo h_mar Am OmVo h¢
O~ h_ {g\©$ EH$ ~ma CÝh| ~wbmVo h¢
V~ do h_mar Amoa Xm¡‹S>o Mbo AmVo h¢
{g\©$ AnZo ~ÀMm| H$mo {Xbmgm XoZo
Am¡a H$hZo - Omo hþAm gmo hþAm !
Cgo ^yb OmVo h¢
Bg ^r‹S> ^ar Xw{Z`m _| _wpíH$b h¡
AmX_r Ho$ {bE OrZm Am¡a JwOmam H$aZm
h_ IweZgr~ h¢ Omo h_| CZH$m
Amerdm©X {_bm
Omo h_mao gmW
h_oem-h_oem ahoJmŸ&
~‹S>r ~mV H$mo Wmo‹S>o _| H$hZm MVwamB© h¡ - d¥§XmdZbmb d_m©
41
amOVa§{JUr
~hþOZ {hVm` - ~hþOZ gwIm`
_mZd eara AZ§V ahñ`m| H$m ^§S>ma h¡Ÿ& ^JdmZ `m àH¥${V àXÎm
"_pñVîH$' _Zwî` H$s g~go ~‹S>r ny§Or `m _hËdnyU© A§J h¡Ÿ& `h gwna
H$åß`yQ>a h¡ Omo gmao eara H$s gyú_ Zm{‹S>`m| H$mo ì`d{ñWV ê$n go
g§Mm{bV H$aVm h¡Ÿ& BgH$s H$m`©erbVm na hr h_mao OrdZ H$s
g\$bVm `m Ag\$bVm {Z^©a H$aVr h¡Ÿ& gmYmaUV`m _pñVîH$ H$m
Ho$db 3-4 `m 4.5 à{VeV hr g{H«$` `m MmO© hmoVm h¡Ÿ& eof ^mJ
gwßV ahVm h¡ {Og_| A§Vkm©Z, AZ§V Xe©Z Ed§ H$B© OÝ_m| H$s `mX|
VWm ^{dî` H$r hmoZo dmbr KQ>ZmAm| H$m ^r g§Ho$V {N>nm ahVm h¡Ÿ& `h
bKw {díd h¡Ÿ&
Eogr {dbjU e{º$ H$mo OmJ¥V H$aZo H$m H$moB© {deof à`mg Zht
{H$`m OmVm h¡ AV… Bgo OmJ¥V H$aZo Ho$ Hw$N> Cnm` `hm± àñVwV {H$`o
Om aho h¢ …1. XmoZm| H$mZm| Ho$ ~rM Ho$ ^mJ H$mo
A§JyR>o/A§Jw{b`m| go X~md X|, ZrMo H$s
Amoa IrM|Ÿ& nyao H$mZ H$mo D$na go ZrMo
H$aVo hþE _amo‹S>|Ÿ& gw~h 4-5 {_{ZQ> Ed§
{XZ ^a _| O~ ^r g_` {_bo H$mZ Ho$
ZrMo ^mJ H$mo IrM|Ÿ&
2. {ga Ed§ JX©Z Ho$ nrN>o _Ü` _| _oS²>`ybm
Zm‹S>r na A§Jwbr go 3-4 {_ZQ> _m{be
H$a|Ÿ& Bggo EH$mJ«Vm ~‹T>Vr h¡Ÿ& n‹T>m
hþAm `mX AmVm h¡Ÿ&
3. (H$) kmZ_wÐm … àmV… CR>H$a nÙmgZ
_| ~¡R>H$a hmW H$s VO©Zr A§Jwbr
Ho$ AJ«^mJ H$mo A§JyR>o go {_bmH$a
aIZo Am¡a hëH$m X~md XoZo go
kmZ_wÐm ~ZVr h¡Ÿ& X~mZm Oê$ar
Zht h¡Ÿ& ~mH$s A§Jw{b`m± ghO
ê$n go grYr aI|Ÿ& Am±I ~ÝX, H$_a d ar‹T> grYrŸ&
{deof …
1. `h AË`{YH$ _hËdnyU© A§Jwbr _wÐm h¡Ÿ& Bg _wÐm H$m
g_ñV ñZm`w_ÊS>b Am¡a _pñVîH$ na ~‹S>m hr {hVH$mar
à^md n‹S>Vm h¡Ÿ&
2. kmZ_wÐm g_ñV ñZm`w_ÊS>b H$mo geŠV ~ZmVr h¡
{deofH$a _mZ{gH$ VZmd Ho$ H$maU hmoZo dmbo Xwîà^mdm|
H$mo Xya H$aHo$ _pñVîH$ Ho$ kmZ V§VwAm| Vmo g~b ~ZmVr h¡Ÿ&
kmZ_wÐm Ho$ {Za§Va Aä`mg go _pñVîH$ H$s g^r
{dH¥${V`m± Am¡a amoJ Xya hmo OmVo h¢, O¡go nmJbnZ, CÝ_mX,
{d{jßVVm, {M‹S>{M‹S>mnZ, A{ñWaVm, A{ZpíMVVm,
H«$moY, Ambñ`, K~amhQ>, AZ_ZmnZ `m {S>àoeZ,
ì`mHw$bVm ^` Am{XŸ& _pñVîH$ ewÕ Am¡a {dH${gV hmoVm
h¡Ÿ& _Z emÝV hmo OmVr h¡ Am¡a Mohao na Anyd© àgÝZVm
PbH$Zo bJVr h¡Ÿ&
3. kmZ_wÐm {dÚm{W©`m| Ho$ {bE daXmZ go H$_ Zht h¡Ÿ& BgHo$
Aä`mg go ñ_aU e{º$ AZ§V Am¡a ~w{Õ VoO hmoVr h¡Ÿ&
AH$maU A§Jw{b`m| MQ>H$mZo, n§Om b‹S>mZo, ì`W© O¡go n¡a
H$mo {hbmZo AWdm A§Jw{b`m| Ho$ {H$gr àH$ma Ho$ AZw{MV
g§MmbZ H$s AmXVm| go _pñVîH$ VWm ñZm`w_ÊS>b na
~wam Aga hmoVm h¡, àmUe{º$ H$m ömg hmoVm h¡ Am¡a
ñ_aU e{º$ H$_Omoa hmoVr
h¡Ÿ&
AZw^d AmMm`© Ho$edXod
{bIVo h¢ …- Eogo ~ÀMm| Ed§
{dÚm{W©`m| na Omo ~hþV
VrúU ~w{Õ Wo, {OÝh| EH$
~ma n‹T>Vo hr nmR> `mX hmo
OmVm Wm, CÝh| A§Jw{b`m± MQ>H$mZo, n§Om b‹S>mZo VWm hmWm|
H$s AZw{MV à`moJ H$aZo H$s AmXV S>mb Xr, n[aUm_
ñdê$n EH$ _mg Ho$ AÝXa hr CgH$s ~w{Õ, ñ_aU e{º$
Am¡a _mZ{gH$ j_Vm H$_ hmo JB© {H$ÝVw O~ CÝh| kmZ_wÐm
H$m {ZaÝVa Aä`mg H$am`m J`m, CZH$s ~m¡{ÕH$ à{V^m
nyd©dV² hmo JB©Ÿ&
{hÝXr EH$ {XZ {díd H$s gm§ñH¥${VH$ ^mfm hmoJr - gw{_ÌmZ§XZ n§V
42
amOVa§{JUr
(I) Amkm MH«$ (ewŠb boí`m) …
`h bbmQ> na XmoZm| ^m¡hm| Ho$
_Ü` {ñWV hmoVm h¡Ÿ& `hm± go
ì`pŠV Ho$ N>R>o ""~«÷ eara''
H$m g§~§Y hmoVm h¡Ÿ& Amkm
MH«$ na nhþ±Mm hþAm ì`{ŠV
6.
hr nyU© {dewÕ ~«÷Mmar hmo
gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& {Og ì`{º$ H$m
g_J« ê$n go Amkm MH«$ OmJ OmVm h¡, CgHo$ {bE OJV _|
Hw$N> ^r Ag§^d Zht ahVmŸ& Amkm MH«$ na CnbãY hþE 7.
ì`{ŠV go ~«÷mÊS> H$s g_ñV gyú_ e{º$ {N>nr hþB© Zht
ahVr h¡Ÿ&
`hm± Cg ì`{º$ _| g\o$X a§J H$s àmUD$Om© {ZH$bVr h¡Ÿ&
{Ogo ewëH$ boí`m go _Zwî` ewŠb Ü`mZ _| àdoe H$aVm
h¡Ÿ& {OgH$m nyam Amkm MH«$ Iwb OmVm h¡, dh ewŠb Ü`mZ
go A[ah§V _hmnmX nmVm h¡Ÿ& ewŠb boí`m go eara Ho$ Mmam|
Amoa g\o$X Am^m_ÊS>b, à^m_ÊS>b ~ZVm h¡Ÿ& ì`{º$ nyU© 8.
AmoOmo_`, VoOmo_` hmo OmVm h¡Ÿ& ewŠb Ü`mZ H$s AmH$m§jm
Ho$ H$maU hr lmdH$m| Zo g\o$X dñÌ MwZm h¡Ÿ& Amkm MH«$ na
nwéf {VbH$ VWm _{hbmE§ {~ÝXr bJmVr h¡Ÿ&
4. amV H$mo gmoVo dŠV Zm{gH$m Ho$ {N>Ðm| _| Jm` Ho$ ewÕ Xoer Kr
Wmo‹S>m JwZJwZm H$aHo$ S>mb| Am¡a Omoa go gm§g ItMoŸ& Kr H$mo Zm{^
_| S>mbH$a K‹S>r H$s {Xem _|, K‹S>r H$s {dnarV {Xem _| A§Jwbr
Kw_mEŸ& {\$a Cg na Jrbo H$n‹S>o H$s nÅ>r {\$a gyIo H$n‹S>o H$s nÅ>r
aI|Ÿ& Eogm H$ar~ 10-15 {_{ZQ> aI|Ÿ& X{jU {Xem _| {ga
aIH$a gmoVo dŠV nJVbr _| Kr go _m{be H$a| AÀN>r VahŸ&
Bggo ZtX Iy~ AÀN>r AmdoJrŸ& _pñVîH$ _| em§{V, àgÝZVm Ed§
g{H«$`Vm AmVr h¡Ÿ& gw~h emar[aH$ Ed§ _mZ{gH$ ê$n go VZmd
a{hV gj_ hmoH$a CR>|JoŸ& CÝ_mX/^«_ {ZH$bVm h¡, _Zmo~b
~‹T>Vm h¡Ÿ& {MÎm _| em§{V ahVr h¡Ÿ&
5. ~mXm_ H$mo gm\$ IwaXao nËWa na {KgVo hþE Må_M go Yrao-Yrao
nmZr S>mbVo OmE§Ÿ&15-20 {_{ZQ> _| ~mXm_ H$m ea~V ~Z
OmEJmŸ& Cg_| Wmo‹S>m Jm` H$m XyY/{_lr {_bmH$a nrZo go
9.
_mZ{gH$ VamdQ> AmVr h¡, e{º$ AmVr
h¡Ÿ& _mZ{gH$ WH$mdQ> Zht hmoVrŸ&
Am`wd}X Ho$ AZwgma ~«m÷r Ed§
e§Inwînr Ho$ CËnmXm| H$m godZ ^r
ñ_aU e{ŠV ~‹T>mZo _| ghm`H$ hmoVr
h¡Ÿ&
CÎma {Xem _| _w±h H$aHo$ {nam{_S>
H$s Q>monr nhZH$a n‹T>mB© H$aZo go
n‹T>m hþAm ~hþV erK« `mX hmoVm h¡Ÿ&
amV H$mo gmoVo dŠV ewÕ Xoer Jm` Ho$
Hw$ZHw$Zo XyY _| EH$ Må_M Kr,
{_lr, Ho$ea, Bbm`Mr, hëXr,
Om`\$b {_bmH$a nr`|Ÿ& BgHo$ ~b ~w{Õ, gmhg, namH«$_,
C_§J, CËgmh ~‹T>Vm h¡Ÿ& ha H$m_ _| nyar e{º$, _ZmodoJ Amem go
H$aZo go OrdZ _| AmemVrV g\$bVmE§ gwI, g_¥{Õ,
_Zmodm§{N>V \$bm| H$s àmpßV hmoVr h¡Ÿ&
epŠV H$m nmBªQ> … nyao eara _|
Xm{hZo hmW Ho$ _Ü`_ _|
""epŠV nmBªQ>'' hmoVm h¡Ÿ& Cgo
A§JyR>o go X~mH$a Kw_m`m, ŠbmH$
dmB©O, E§Q>r ŠbmH$ dmB©O 2-3
{_{ZQ> VH$Ÿ& O~ ^r g_` {_bo
Cg nmB§Q> H$mo X~mZo go epŠV
~‹T>Vr h¡ Ed§ AmË_{dídmg
OmJ¥V hmoVm h¡Ÿ&
Am¡a A§V _| amV H$mo gmoZo go nhbo {XZ _| AÀN>r/~war Jb{V`m|
H$m qMVZ H$aVo hþE, nwZ… Jb{V`m± Z hmo, Xygam| H$mo Xw…I
nhþ±MmZo, AnZo Xmofm| na {Z`§ÌU nmZo, g^r go j_m _m§JVo hþE
(à{VH«$_U H$a) gmoZm, A{V lo`ñH$a h¡Ÿ& YaVr _mVm, gy`©,
A{½Z, àH$me, Ob, dm`w g^r epŠV`m| Ho$ à{V Am^ma _mZm|,
Š`m|{H$ `o g^r {Z…ewëH$ ghO hr àmßV hþB© {OgHo$ {~Zm
OrdZ EH$ jU ^r, g§^d Zht hmo gH$VmŸ& àmV… BZHo$ à{V nyU©
AmñWm, g_n©U, YÝ`dmX, H¥$VkVm ì`ŠV H$aZm A{V
Amdí`H$ h¡Ÿ& h_mar {ddoH$erbVm H$m n[aMm`H$ h¢Ÿ& BZ g~Ho$
~Xbo _| h_ ^r àH¥${V H$mo n¥Ïdr H$mo AnZr Amoa go A{YH$ go
A{YH$ godmE§, namonH$ma H$aZo H$a H$s ^mdZm aI| - gX²H$m`m]
_| é{M b| H$a|, H$aZo H$s àoaUm X|Ÿ&
(ZmoQ> … H¥$n`m Bg boI H$mo A{YH$m{YH$ àMm[aV H$a| - gånmXH$)
O~ VH$ AmnHo$ nmg amîQ´>^mfm Zht, AmnHo$ nmg H$moB© amîQ´> Zht - _w§er ào_M§X
43
amOVa§{JUr
lÕm§O{b
Hw$. Anydm© O¡Z
gwnwÌr … AéU Hw$_ma O¡Z
AYrjH$ (bo.n.)
Ho$.C.ew., BÝXm¡a
~m~m Am_Q>o AnZr Y_©nËZr gmYZmVmB© Ho$ gmW
H$mo‹T>r H$m Zm_ OohZ _| AmVo hr EH$ {ghaZ eara _| Xm¡‹S> OmVr
h¡ {H$ Bg ~r_mar Am¡a Cggo ^r Á`mXm BgHo$ nr{‹S>V _arOm| go
{OVZm Xya ahm Om gHo$ CVZm hr AÀN>mŸ& _Ja Eogo Xw…gmÜ` Am¡a
JbVo A§Jm| dmbo amoJ H$mo Jbo bJmZo dmbo, Jar~ {VañH¥$V amo{J`m|,
H$mo{‹T>`m| Ho$ Kmdm| H$mo AnZo hmWm| go gm\$ H$a {M{H$Ëgm Ed§ godmgwlwfm H$aZo dmbo; {OZH$s godmAm| H$mo _Xa Q>oaogm Zo ^r _mZ {X`m
Wm, Eogr ep»g`V Wo _wabrYa XodrXmg Am_Q>o `mZr ~m~m Am_Q>oŸ&
~m~m Am_Q>o H$m OÝ_ 26 {Xgå~a 1914 H$mo _hmamï´> Ho$ dYm© {Obo
Ho$ qhJZKmQ> _| EH$ OmJraXma n[adma _| hþAm WmŸ& {H«$píM`Z {_eZ
ñHy$b ZmJnwa go àma§{^H$ n‹T>mB© Am¡a ZmJnwa {d.{d. go H$mZyZ H$m
AÜ``Z H$aZo Ho$ ~mX CÝhm|Zo dH$mbV ewê$ H$sŸ&
AnZr `wdmdñWm _| YZr O_tXma H$m `h ~oQ>m VoO H$ma MbmZo
Am¡a hm°brdwS> H$s {\$ë_ XoIZo H$m em¡H$sZ WmŸ& A§J«oOr {\$ë_m| na
{bIr CZH$s g_rjmE± BVZr X_Xma hþAm H$aVr Wt {H$ EH$ ~ma
A_o[aH$s A{^ZoÌr Zmo_m© {e`aa Zo ^r CÝh| nÌ {bIH$a XmX Xr,
bo{H$Z O~ Hw$ð>amo{J`m| H$s nr‹S>m XoIH$a ~m~m Zo AnZm Ka N>mo‹S>m Vmo
do gmar gån{Îm go _w±h _mo‹S>H$a Mbo Am¡a gmW _| nËZr gmYZm WtŸ&
CÝhm|Zo AnZm nyam OrdZ g_mOgodm H$mo g_{n©V H$a {X`mŸ& CZH$s
nËZr Zo ^r g_mOgodm _| H§$Yo go H§$Ym {_bmH$a CZH$m gmW {X`mŸ&
~m~m Zo AnZm ngrZm ~hmH$a Hw$ð>amo{J`m| Ho$ {bE AmZ§XdZ ~gm`mŸ&
EH$ Vah go ~m~m H$m nyam n[adma hr g_mOgodm _| bJm h¡Ÿ& CZHo$
XmoZm| ~oQ>o {dH$mg Am¡a àH$me ^r CZHo$ ~VmE _mJ© na Mb aho h¢Ÿ&
{dH$mg AmZ§XdZ H$m H$m`© g§^mbVo h¢ Am¡a àH$me {dX^© Ho$
ho_bj _| _{‹S>`m d Jm|S> OZOm{V Ho$ H$ë`mU H$m`© _| OwQ>o h¢Ÿ&
1949 _| ~m~m Am_Q>o Zo Hw$ð>amoJ go J«ñV bmoJm| Ho$ {bE _hmamoJ godm
g{_{V ~ZmB© Am¡a VZ-_Z go CZH$s godm _| OwQ> JEŸ& Hw$ð> amoJr
~m~m H$mo AnZm ^JdmZ _mZVo WoŸ& Ho$db BVZm hr Zht, CÝhm|Zo
em§{VXyV
H$ma{Jb `wÕ Ho$ ~mX em§{V H$m g§Xoe boH$a nm{H$ñVmZ OmZo H$m CZH$m
gnZm AYyam hr ah J`mŸ& do `h `mÌm AnZr ar‹T> H$s hS²>S>r H$s ~r_mar Ho$
H$maU Zht H$a nmEŸ& hmbm§{H$ Q>mQ>m _moQ>g© Ûmam Ûmam CÝh| Eå~wboÝg O¡gr
Jm‹S>r XoZo H$m àñVmd aIm J`m Wm, bo{H$Z Iam~ ñdmñÏ` Ho$ MbVo `h
BÀN>m nyar Zht hmo gH$sŸ& CZH$s àñVm{dV nm{H$ñVmZ `mÌm H$m `h H$hH$a
{damoY hþAm {H$ do Zmo~b em§{V nwañH$ma Ho$ {bE Eogm H$a aho h¢Ÿ& O~{H$ g^r
`h OmZVo h¢ {H$ ~m~m nwañH$mam| Ho$ H$^r _mohVmO Zht ahoŸ& ~pëH$ ~m~m Ho$
OmZo go nwañH$ma Jm¡adhrZ hmo JEŸ&
Amn{Îm`m| H$mo nam{OV H$aZm hr OrdZ Ho$ AmZ§X H$s namH$mîR>m h¡ - emonoZhmda
44
amOVa§{JUr
g_mOgodm Ho$ joÌ _| {d{^Þ dJm] Ho$ {bE AZoH$ H$ë`mUH$mar H$m_
{H$EŸ&
~mny Am¡a ~m~m
~m~m Am_Q>o _hmË_m Jm±Yr Ho$ AmXem] Am¡a {gÕmÝVm| go H$m\$s
à^m{dV WoŸ& ~m~m Am_Q>o Zo EH$ gmjmËH$ma _| H$hm Wm - ""_¢Zo ^r
~§XyH$ CR>mB© Wr, bo{H$Z OëX hr amOJwé H$m gmW N>mo‹S>H$a Jm±YrOr
go {_bZo J`m Vmo _wPo Jm±YrOr Zo Vm‹S> Ho$ no‹S> go ag {ZH$mbZo H$s
{d{Y {gImB©Ÿ& _¢ h¡amZ Wm, _¢Zo Jm±YrOr go H$hm - ""{Og hmW _|
~§XyH$ Wr, Cg_| Amn Vm‹S>r Xo aho h¢, `h _wPo H¡$go ^m gH$Vr h¡?'"
Jm±YrOr Zo H$hm - ""_¢ Vwåh| ewJaH¡$Z H$m h¡ÊS>n§n Xo ahm hÿ±,
Bgo ha Jm±d _| ha Ka _| bJm Xmo Vmo `hr ^maV H$mo ~Xb XoJmŸ&''~m~m
Zo AnZm H$m\$s g_` Jm±YrOr Ho$ godmJ«m_ Aml_ _| JwOmamŸ& ~m~m
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~hþV Hw$N> ghZ H$aZm n‹S>Vm h¡Ÿ& bmoJm| H$s ZOam| _| Vmo dh ~‹S>r Iwe {XIVr
h¡Ÿ& g~ `hr H$hVo h¢ - ImAmo, {nAmo Am¡a _ñV
ahmoŸ& bo{H$Z dh _ñV H¡$go ah gH$Vr h¡Ÿ& Xya ~¡R>o
^r CgH$mo `hr {MÝVm ahVr h¡ {H$ OmZo n{VXod Zo
Š`m Im`m hmoJm? Im`m ^r hmoJm `m ^yIo hr gmo JE
hm|JoŸ& Š`m|{H$ {MÝVm H$aZo H$s
Cgo AmXV Omo ahVr h¡Ÿ&
hmbmV go g_Pm¡Vm
H$aVo hþE dh O¡go-V¡go AnZo
H$V©ì` {Z^mVr h¡Ÿ& bo{H$Z H$B© jU Eogo ^r AmVo h¢ {H$ O~ hmbmV go
g_Pm¡Vm H$aVo-H$aVo CgH$m _Z WH$ OmVm h¡Ÿ& {Xb {~\$a CR>Vm h¡, Am¡a
Am±gwAm| Ho$ ê$n _| Jw~ma Ádmbm_wIr Ho$ bmdo H$s ^m§{V {Xb go ~mha \y$Q>
n‹S>Vm h¡ Am¡a V~ {Xb AnZo Amngo `h gdmb H$aVm gm _hgyg hmoVm h¡
{H$ ghZo H$s hX Am{Ia H$hm± VH$? H$hm± `h hX g_mßV hmoJr? H$~ VH$
Cgo `h ghZ H$aZm hmoJm? bo{H$Z BgH$m Odm~ dh Zht Xo nmVr h¡ Š`m|{H$
BgH$m Odm~ CgHo$ nmg Zht hmoVm h¡Ÿ& Cgo Vmo ~g Bgr àH$ma AnZm
H$V©ì` {Z^mVo OmZm h¡Ÿ& g~Ho$ {bE Ë`mJ H$aVo OmZm h¡Ÿ& Am{Ia dh Ë`mJ
Am¡a __Vm H$s _yaV Omo h¡Ÿ& Am¡a Bgr Amem _| {H$ CZH$s ghZ e{ŠV H$s
hX H$^r Vmo nyar hmoJr, hmbmV go g_Pm¡Vm H$aVo hþE OrZm h¡Ÿ&
Zmar H$s __Vm hr Vmo CgH$s e{º$ h¡, CgH$m ~b h¡, Omo Cgo Z MmhVo
hþE ^r ~hþV Hw$N> H$aZo H$mo _O~ya H$a XoVr h¡Ÿ& __Vm Ho$ der^yV hmoH$a hr
Zmar BVZr Ñ‹T> hmo OmVr h¡ Am¡a BVZm Hw$N> H$a boVr h¡ {OgH$s H$ënZm
H$aZm ^r _w{íH$b h¡ Am¡a Omo CgHo$ H$mo_b ñd^md Ho$ {dnarV h¡Ÿ& A~bm
Zmar H$m ~b CgH$s __Vm hr h¡Ÿ&
B{Vhmg Jdmh h¡ {H$ __Vm Ho$ der^yV hmoH$a hr Zm[a`m| Zo H$B© ~ma
EH$ Z`m B{Vhmg aMm h¡Ÿ& Zmar H$s __Vm hr dh H$maU h¡ {OgH$s dOh go
am_ H$mo Mm¡Xh df© H$m dZdmg OmZm n‹S>m Am¡a ""_`m©Xm nwéfmoÎm_'' H$m XOm©
{Xbm {X`mŸ&
Zmar Vmo {\$a Zmar h¡ Mmho dh Kaoby hmo `m {\$a H$m_H$mOrŸ& dh
n[adma H$s Yyar hmoVr h¡, {OgHo$ BX©-{JX© n[adma Ho$ gXñ` d CZH$s
g_ñ`mE± Ky_Vr ahVr h¡ Am¡a dh BZ g~go OwPVr ahVr h¡, ~‹S>r X¥‹T>Vm goŸ&
h§gVo hþE g^r naoem{Z`m| H$mo PobVr ahVr h¢Ÿ&
O~ dh Kaoby hmoVr h¡ Vmo Ka H$s gmar {Oå_oXm[a`m§ g§^mbVr h¡Ÿ&
H$^r dh Mm` ~ZmVr h¡, H$^r Am`m, H$^r _har Am¡a H$^r Ymo{~ZŸ& Bg
g~H$m H$m_ dh AHo$br g§^mb boVr h¡ Am¡a `{X H$m_H$mOr hmoVr h¡ Vmo {\$a
BZ g~Ho$ gmW Cgo Zm¡H$ar H$s {Oå_oXm[a`m± ^r CR>mZr n‹S>Vr h¡Ÿ& Bg g~Ho$
~mdOyX ^r dh Cg g_`, gmar ~mVm| H$mo ^yb OmVr h¢ O~ dh AnZo
n[adma Ho$ gmW hmoVr h¡Ÿ& AnZo Ka n[adma Ho$ {bE CgH$s __Vm H$^r H$_
Zht hmoVrŸ& ~pëH$ EH$ jU _| CgH$s gmar WH$mZ Xya hmo OmVr h¡, O~ dh
g~H$mo Iwe XoIVr h¡Ÿ&
BZ g~Ho$ ~Xbo Zmar Hw$N> Zht _m±JVr, Š`m|{H$ CgH$s __Vm, CgH$m
Ë`mJ, Vmo {Z…ñdmW© d AZ_mob hmoVm h¡Ÿ& MmhH$a ^r BZH$m _yë` H$moB© MwH$m
Zht gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& ~g n[adma H$s Iwer XoIH$a AnZo ~ÀMm| H$mo h§gVm,
IobVm XoIH$a Cgo g~ Hw$N> {_b OmVm h¡Ÿ& dhr CgH$s __Vm H$m _mob
hmoVm h¡Ÿ&
àH¥${V B©ída H$m àH$Q> ê$n h¡ Am¡a H$bm _Zwî` H$m - bm±J \o$bmo
48
amOVa§{JUr
_mohå_X AZda ImZ
H$a gbmhH$ma ({hÝXr {d^mJ)
Ho$ÝÐr` CËnmX ewëH$ Ed§ gr_m ewëH$
_w»`mb`, BÝXm¡a
B©ída Zo Bg Xw{Z`m H$mo B§gmZm| Ho$ {bE ~Zm`m Am¡a B§gmZm| H$mo
B©ída H$s B~mXV Am¡a AmI¡aV Ho$ {bE ~Zm`m h¡Ÿ& Bg Xw{Z`m H$mo
B©ída Zo AnZr Hw$XaV go N>… {XZ _| ~Zm`m Am¡a Bg nyar H$m`ZmV _|
B©ída Zo AQ²>R>mah hOma _IbyH$ n¡Xm {H$ Cg_| B§gmZ H$mo Aea\y$b
_IbyH$ (gdm}Îm_) ~ZmH$a Bg Xw{Z`m _| ^oOm Aea\y$b H$m AW©
g~ go Aµ\$µOb, g~go ~ohVa Am¡a g~go ~‹S>r ~mV `h {H$ B§gmZm| _|
AŠb gbr_ ({X_mJ) AVm {H$`mŸ& Bg Xw{Z`m _| B§gmZm| H$s V_m_
Oê$aVm| H$mo nyam H$aZo Ho$ {bE CgHo$ Eoe d AamB©e H$m B§VOm_
{H$`m Vm{H$ B§gmZ AnZr Oê$aVm| H$mo nyam H$a gHo$& ha EH$ MrO Ho$
CgZo Omo‹S>o ~ZmE Vm{H$ B§gmZ Cggo \¡$µO`m~ hmo gHo$Ÿ& ~‹S>o-~‹S>o
no‹S>-nm¡Yo, hao-^ao ~mJmV bJmE, MarÝX-narÝX n¡Xm {H$E {Og_|
Hw$N> Mma nm` BÝgmZm| H$s gdmar Ho$ H$m_ AmVo h¡ Am¡a Hw$N> ImZo Ho$
Am¡a Hw$N> go XyY {ZH$bVm h¡, {Oggo B§gmZ \$m`Xm hm{gb H$aVm
h¡Ÿ& {\$a B§gmZ H$s Oê$aVm| H$mo nyam H$aZo Ho$ {bE nmZr H$s Zha| Omar
H$s, Bg µO_rZ Ho$ gmW {hñgo _| nmZr aIm {Oggo B§gmZ \¡$µO`m~
hmoVm h¡Ÿ&
Bg ê$ho µO_rZ H$mo ~am~a (g§Vw{bV) aIZo Ho$ {bE B©ída Zo
~‹S>o-~‹S>o nhm‹S> ~ZmE Am¡a B§gmZm| H$mo {µOÝXJr JwµOmaZo H$m EH$
~ohVarZ _H©$µO ~Zm {X`m bo{H$Z EH$ ~mV h_| gmoMZo na _O~ya
H$aVr h¡ {H$, BgHo$ nrN>o B©ída H$s Š`m _µOu h¡? dmo h_ go Š`m
MmhVm h¡? nhbo B§gmZm| H$mo ~Zm`m, {\$a Bg Xw{Z`m H$mo `h ~mV h_|
gmoMZo na _O~ya H$aVr h¡ {H$ Oê$a BgHo$ nrN>o CgH$m H$moB© Ah_²
_H$gX Nw>nm hþAm h¡Ÿ& V¡hH$sH$ H$aZo na `o _mby_ hmoVm h¡ {H$ B©ída
Zo Bg Xw{Z`m H$mo B§gmZm| Ho$ {bE ~Zm`m h¡ Am¡a B§gmZmo| H$mo AnZr
B~mXV (àmW©Zm) Am¡a AI¡aV Ho$ {bE Š`m|{H$ Xw{Z`m Omo h¡ dmo H$_©
H$aZo H$s OJh h¡ CgH$m \$b Vwåh| AmZo dmbr {OÝXJr _| {_boJmŸ&
Cg {OÝXJr H$s V¡`mar Ho$ {bE h_| Xw{Z`m _| ^oOm h¡ Xw{Z`m h_mao
{bE EH$ narjm H$m _¡XmZ h¡ {OgHo$ V_m_ nona B©ída Zo nhbo go hr
AmCQ> H$a {X`o h¢ Am¡a h_ A^r ^r Jw_amhr _| {OÝXJr JwOma aho h¢Ÿ&
Omo ^r H$_© h_ H$aVo h¢ CgH$s OOm/gOm XmoZmo| {_bVr h¡ Hw$N> H$mo
B©ída Bg µO_rZ na hr gµOm Am¡a OµOm Xo XoVm h¡, Hw$N> H$mo dhm§ na
XoJmŸ& Hw$N> H$mo XoH$a Am¡a Hw$N> Hw$N> H$mo Z XoH$a AmO_mVm h¡ CgZo
B§gmZm| H$mo Bg {bE Aea\y$b _IbyH$ ~Zm`m Š`m|{H$ Cg_| AŠb
H$m _mAXXm AVm [H$`m {Oggo dh AÀN>r ~war ~mVm| H$m Bë_ aIVm
h¡ Am¡a CgH$m BñVo_mb AnZr [µOÝXJr _| H$aVm h¡Ÿ&
AmO B§gmZ AnZr AŠb Ho$ ~Xm¡bV hr {µOÝXJr _| H$m_`m~r
H$s _§{µOb hm{gb H$a ahm h¡Ÿ& AmO {dkmZ BVZr VaŠH$s B§gmZr
AŠb Am¡a CgHo$ Bë_ Ho$ ~Xm¡bV H$a ahm h¡Ÿ& B§gmZ Zo hr H$åß`yQ>a
H$mo ~Zm`m {Oggo h_ bmIm| OmZH$m[a`m± nb ^a _| hm{gb H$a boVo
h¢ Am¡a ha emo~o _| H$maJa Am¡a _XXJma gm{~V hmo ahm h¡ `o B©ída H$m,
B§gm{Z`V H$m EH$ daXmZ h¡Ÿ& `o CgH$s Hw$XaV H$m EH$ Zm`m~
H$[aí_m h¡Ÿ& {\$a CgHo$ ~mX CgH$m h_ na `h ah_ Am¡a H$a_ hþAm
{H$ CgZo h_| B§gmZ ~Zm`m AJa MmhVm Vmo h_| H$moB© ^r OmZda H$r
eŠb Xo XoVm {\$a h_ Z Vmo {µOÝXJr Ho$ bwË\$ CR>m gH$Vo Wo Am¡a Z
hr B©ída H$s ~ohVarZ Zo_Vmo H$m _µOm bo gH$Vo WoŸ&
`H$sZZ, `h D$na dmbo H$s h_ na ~‹S>r _oha~mZr h¡Ÿ& CgZo
h_mao {Oñ_ _| VrZ gm¡ gmR> Omo‹S> {X`o Am¡a h_| ghr gm{b_ ~Zm`m
AJa h_ Vgìdwa H$a| {H$ AJa h_mao hmWm| _| Hw$hZr Ho$ Omo‹S> Zht
hmoVo Vmo h_ em`X ~ohVarZ go ~ohVarZ {Z`m_V H$m _µOm Zht bo
gH$Vo WoŸ& {Z`m_V| h_mao gm_Zo hmoVr bo{H$Z h_ OmZdam| H$s Vah
ImZo Ho$ {bE _O~ya hmoVo AJa nm±d Ho$ Xmo KwQ>Zo Ho$ Omo‹S> Zht hmoVo Vmo
h_ em`X OmZdamo| H$s Vah AnZr Oê$aVm| H$mo nyam H$aVoŸ& `h
B©ída H$m Bg B§gm{Z`V na ~hþV ~‹S>m EohgmZ h¡, g~go nhbo Vmo
CgZo h_| B§gmZ ~Zm`m {\$a h_| Aea\y$b _IbyH$ Am¡a Cg na
~‹S>m H$a_ `h hþAm {H$ h_| nyar Vah ghr gm{b_ ~Zm`mŸ& A§Ym,
H$m§Um, bybm-b§J‹S>m Zht ~Zm`mŸ& h_mao {OZ ^mB©`m| Ho$ eara Ho$ `o
Ah_ {hñgo Zht h¢ do Bg ~mV H$mo AÀN>r Vah _hgyg H$aVo h¢Ÿ&
Agb B©ída Zo B§gmZm| H$mo EH$-Xygao H$s I¡a »dmhr Ho$ {bE
n¡Xm {H$`m h¡Ÿ& B©ída Zo H$hm h¡ {H$ Eo B§gmZm| Vw_ Bg µO_rZ na ahZo
dmbo B§gmZm| H$s I¡a»dmhr H$amo Amg_mZ dmbm Vwåhmar I¡a»dmhr
H$aoJmŸ& h_Zo B§gmZm| H$mo B§gm{Z`V na Owë_ H$aZo Ho$ {bE Zht
^oOm h¡ gmo Vw_ CZH$s godm H$amo, CZHo$ gwI-XwI Ho$ gmWr ~Zmo,
EH$-Xygao Ho$ hH$m| H$mo AXm H$amo Mmho dmo Vwåhmam ^mB© hmo, Mmho dmo
Cg H$V©ì` H$m nmbZ H$amo Omo Vwåhmao {ZH$Q>V_ h¡ - JoQ>o
49
amOVa§{JUr
Vwåhmam XmoñV hmo `m Vwåhmar n‹S>mogr hmo, Mmho H$moB© ^r Y_© H$m hmo,
Mmho Vwåhmam dVZr ^mB© hmo `m H$moB© J¡a dVZr B§gm{Z`V Ho$ ZmVo
CgHo$ H$m_ AmAmo AnZm ~ohVa BIbmH$ CgHo$ gm_Zo noe H$amo
Am¡a Cggo AO« H$s Cå_rX Z aImo Š`m|{H$ BgH$m ~ohVarZ AO«
Vwåh| h_ X|JoŸ& ~g ha dŠV Cggo S>aVo ahmo, CgH$m ewH«$ AXm
H$aVo ahmo Am¡a ha hmb _| Cgo `mX H$aVo ahmo `H$sZZ Vw_ CgHo$
ZoH$ ~ÝXm| _| ew_ma hm|Jo Am¡a B©ída Vwåhmar g^r _ZmoH$m_Zm nyar
H$aoJmŸ& EH$ CXmhaU h¡, {H$ O~ H$moB© Zm¡H$a AnZo _m{bH$ H$s godm
nyar d\$mXmar go Am¡a AnZo godm g_` go Á`mXm AnZr {IX_mV
A§Om_ XoVm h¡ Vmo CgH$m _m{bH$ Cggo _mohã~V H$aZo bJVm h¡
Am¡a dmo Zm¡H$a AnZo _m{bH$ H$m H$ar~r hmo OmVm h¡ Am¡a CgHo$
_m±JZo na CgH$m _m{bH$ CgH$s ha \$a_mB©e `m H$moB© ^r VH$mµOo
H$mo \$m¡aZ nyam H$aVm h¡Ÿ& Bgr Vah {Og _m{bH$ Zo h_| n¡Xm {H$`m
Am¡a Bg nyar H$m`ZmV H$mo ~Zm`m Š`m dmo _m{bH$ Bg ~mV na
H$m{Xa Zht h¡ {H$ AnZo _mZZo dmbo ewH«$JwµOma ~ÝXm| H$s XwAmE±
(àmW©ZmE±) gwZo `H$sZZ dmo Bg ~mV na H$m{Xa h¡ `o g~ ~mV|
_mZZo dmbm| Ho$ {bE h¢ Omo B©ída _| AmñWm Ed§ {dídmg aIVo h¢ dmo
Bg ~mV H$mo AÀN>r Vah g_PVo Am¡a OmZVo h¢Ÿ&
~hþV {ZH$bo _oao Aa_m± {\$a ^r H$_ {ZH$boŸ& {ZH$bZm Ae© go
AmX_ H$m gwZVo AmE Wo ~‹S>o ~o-Am~ê$ hmoH$a Voao Hy$Mo go h_
{ZH$bo, B§gmZ H$s »dm{hem| Am¡a AmaOyAm| H$m H$^r A§V Zht h¡
bo{H$Z `o {µOÝXJr H$m EH$ {XZ A§V h¡ `o {_Å>r H$m ~XZ EH$ {XZ
IË_ hmo OmEJm, gmo ha B§gmZ H$m \$µO© h¡ {H$ AnZo B©ída Am¡a
B§gm{Z`V Ho$ VH$mµOm| H$mo nyam H$aVm aho Am¡a XwAmE§ boVm aho Z
OmZo {H$g K‹S>r {µOÝXJr H$s em_ hmo OmEŸ&
AmnHo$ ZoH$ Am_mb AI¡aV H$s ny§Or h¡Ÿ& EH$ {_gmb h¡ O¡gm
~moAmoJo, d¡gm hr H$mQ>moJo Am¡a H$a ^bm Vmo hmo ^bm, H$a ~wam Vmo hmo
~wamŸ& A^r ^r dŠV hmW go J`m Zht h¡Ÿ& h_ AnZo H$m_ H$m
_whmg~m H$a| µOm`Om b| {H$ h_Zo A~ VH$ Š`m Imo`m, Š`m nm`m h¡?
Am¡a AnZo Am_mb H$mo gwYmaZo H$s H$mo{ee H$a| Am¡a bmoJm| H$s
XwAmE± b| Z _mby_ H$~ {H$gr XwAm h_mar {ZOmV H$m µO[a`m ~Z
OmE, h_| H$mo{ee `o H$aZr Mm{hE {H$ AmZo dmbr {µOÝXJr H$mo
~ohVa ~ZmE± Am¡a AnZo AIbmH$ H$mo ~ohVa bmoJm| Ho$ gm_Zo noe
H$a|Ÿ& Imbr H$h boZo go _gbm hb Zht hmoJm O¡gm {H$ bmoJ H$hVo
h¢ Š`m H$a| gmh~ Bg ~wao _mhm¡b _| Ohm± Mmam| Amoa A§Yoam hr A§Yoam
h¡ ~g h_| `o H$aZm h¡ {H$ Bg A§Yoao _| EH$ {MamJ amoeZ H$aZo H$s
Oê$aV h¡, `h A§Yoam IwX-~-IwX IË_ hmo OmEJm Am¡a _wëH$ H$s
gä`Vm Am¡a h_mao g§ñH$ma Omo nyao {díd _| _ehÿa h¡ h_mar VhµOr~
Am¡a V_XXwZ H$s Vmo bmoJ Vmar\|$ H$aVo h¢ Vmo h_| AnZr nhMmZ H$mo
~ZmE aIZm Mm{hE Am¡a CgH$s H$Ð H$aZm Mm{hE daZm `o _e[aI
H$s VoµO hdmAm| _| Am¡a Bg ~ohmB© Am¡a ~oe_m©B© Ho$ _mhm¡b _| h_|
AnZo AmnH$mo ~MmZm _wpíH$b hmo OmEJmŸ&
`o {µOÝXJmZr MÝX amoµOm h¡ Am¡a EH$ {XZ g~ H$mo bm¡Q> H$a
OmZm h¡ h_mao Xw{Z`m _| AmZo H$m dŠV Vmo _wŠH$a©a h¡ bo{H$Z OmZo
H$m H$moB© dŠV _wŠH$a©a Zht Omo Bg Xw{Z`m _| Am`m h¡ Cgo OmZm h¡
Omo ~Zm h¡ dh \$Zmh h¡ `o {µOÝXJr EH$ g\$a h¡ Am¡a h_ g~ EH$
_wgm{\$a h_ AnZo g\$a Ho$ Xm¡amZ AJa {H$gr ñQ>oeZ na ê$H$Vo h¢
~g BVZr hr h_mar {µOÝXJr h¡ `o Xw{Z`m h_mao {bE EH$ ñQ>oeZ h¡
Am¡a h_ _wgm{\$a O¡go hr Q´>oZ {gQ>r ~OmVr h¡ _wgm{\$am| H$mo \$m¡aZ
Bg ~mV na _wPo EH$ eoa `mX Am J`m ""H$~« Ho$ nËWa Ho$ ZrMo
Q´>oZ na gdma hmoZm n‹S>Vm h¡ h_mar {µOÝXJr ^r EH$ _wgm[\$a H$s Wr _oar Aæ`m{e`m± Am¡a Am_mb H$m gm`m _oao ~ÀMm| no WmŸ&'' Omo
Vah h¡, H$~ h_mar {µOÝXJr H$s Q´>oZ {gQ>r ~Om X| Am¡a h_| AnZo H$_© h_ H$aVo h¢ `H$sZZ Am¡bmXm| na CgHo$ AgamV ahVo h¢Ÿ& A^r
AmIar g\$a H$s Va\$ bo OmEŸ&
dŠV J`m Zht h¡, h_| AnZr {µOÝXJr H$mo ~ohVa Am¡a _moAÎma
A^r g_` h¡ {H$ h_ AnZo H$_m] H$mo gwYma b| {\$a dŠV {_bo ~ZmZo H$s H$mo{ee H$aZm Mm{hE Š`m|{H$ O¡go h_mao Am_mb hm|Jo d¡go
Z {_boŸ& {OVZm hmo gHo$ godmE± H$a bmo, XwAmE§ bo bmo Š`m _mby_ B©ída Ho$ \¡$gbo Bg{bE h_mam \$O© ~ZVm h¡ {H$ h_ AnZo B©ída
{H$g H$s XwAmE± H$~ H$m_ Am OmE±Ÿ& Bg ~mV na Hw$N> eoa `mX Am H$s _§em Ho$ _wVm{~H$ {µOÝXJr JwOma| Am¡a AnZo AIbmH$ go
JE (01) Vy naoem§ h¡ AnZo A_mb H$s ~Xm¡bVŸ& daZm _wpíH$b Z CR>H$a B©ída H$s Bg ga µO_rZ _| B©ída Ho$ AhH$m_ Am¡a CgH$s
Wm _wpíH$b H$m Amgm§ hmoZmŸ& (02) {µOÝXJr VyZo _wPo H$~« go H$_ _IbyH$ H$s godm H$a| `hr ghr _m`Zm| _| B§gm{Z`V Ho$ VH$mµOo Am¡a
Xr h¡ µO_rŸ& nm±d \¡$bmVm hÿ± Vmo Xrdmamo| _| ga bJVm h¡Ÿ& (03) B§gm{Z`V H$s {IX_V h¢Ÿ& Bg A_b Ho$ H$aZo go _¢ Cå_rX H$aVm
{µOÝXJr _m§J Ho$ bmE Wo Mma {XZ, Hw$N> B§VOma _| H$Q> JB©, Hw$N> hÿ± {H$ BgHo$ ZVrOo ~ohVa AmZo H$s Cå_rX h¡, AmnH$s XwAmAm| H$m
AmaOy _|Ÿ& hµOmam| »dm{he| Eogr {H$ ha »dm{he no X_ {ZH$bo, Vm{b~Ÿ&
CËgmh _Zwî` H$s ^m½`erbVm H$m _mnXÊS> h¡ - {Vê$dëbyAa
50
amOVa§{JUr
H$_b Hw$_ma {gWmobrdmb
AYrjH$ (VH$.)
Ho$.C.ew., BÝXm¡a
ImÚ nXmW© Omo AmnH$mo ñdñW ~ZmE aIVo h¢
Amn Š`m ImVo h¢? Bggo AmnHo$ ñdmñÏ` na H$m\$s à^md n‹S>Vm h¡Ÿ& AnZo ^moOZ na Ü`mZ XoZo go Am¡a g§Vw{bV Amhma Ho$ godZ go,
Amn gm_mÝ` ~r_m[a`m| go ~M gH$Vo h¢Ÿ& ^moOZ _| ~Xbmd bmZo go, Amn {ZåZ{b{IV AñdñW n[a{ñW{V`m| Ho$ à^md H$mo H$_ H$a
gH$Vo h¢ …-
ImÚ nXmWm] H$s _mÌm _| ~Xbmd
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1.
Egr{S>Q>r
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gmXm nmZr, nmZr, Zt~y/g§Vao H$m ag, Ho$bm, nÎmm Jmo^r
2.
{MÝVm
H$m°\$s, eŠH$a
I‹S>m AZmO
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X_m
_m±g, _ŠIZ, nZra
\$b, _odm, gpãO`m±
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H¢$ga
eŠH$a, A§S>o, Xhr, I‹S>m AZmO
VmOo \$b, har gpãO`m±
5.
H$ãO
_rR>o nXmW©
I‹S>m AZmO, aoeoXma \$b, A_ê$X, nnrVm
6.
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H$m°\$s, Mm`, eam~
VmOo \$b, _odm, gpãO`m±, g§Vam, Ho$bm
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har gpãO`m±, I‹S>m AZmO, MZm, Xmb, bhgwZ
8.
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H$m°\$s, Mm`, nZra, Mm°H$boQ>
hëH$m ^moOZ, \$b
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Vob `wº$ ^moOZ, Z_H$
har gpãO`m±, VmOo \$b
10.
~XhO_r
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11.
g§H«$m_H$ amoJ
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12.
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nmZr, emH$mhmar ^moOZ
13.
Omo‹S>m| H$m XX©
_m±gmhmar àmoQ>rZ, H$m°\$s, eŠH$a, Z_H$
XyY, amJr, Xmb, har nÎmoXma gpãO`m±
14.
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M~u Ed§ eŠH$a `wŠV ^moOZ
Zr~y, g§Vam, nÎmm-\y$b Jmo^r, A§Hw$[aV Amhma
Xoe H$mo EH$Vm Ho$ gyÌ _| ~m±YZo H$s e{º$ Ho$db {hÝXr _| h¡ - B§{Xam Jm±Yr
51
amOVa§{JUr
`mÌm S>m`ar
g§O` Xdo
AYrjH$ (EAa H$mJm})
BÝXm¡a
{H$`m J`m Ed§ h_| Or-4 g_yh 2008 _| em{_b {H$`m J`mŸ& h_mao
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Ho$ {deof àmdYmZ Ho$ AÝVJ©V Nw>{Å>`m§ ñdrH¥$V H$aZo hoVw AmdoXZ
{H$`m Om MwH$m WmŸ&
h_mam `h {deof H$m`©H«$_ 9 {XZm| Ho$ {bE {ZYm©[aV WmŸ&
ha {XZ ZE AZw^dm|, Amngr _ob-{_bmn, ZdrZ {dMmam| H$m
AmXmZ-àXmZ Zo _oao {Xbmo {X_mJ H$mo ZB© ñ\y${V© go ^a {X`mŸ&
àW_ {XZ (~og Ho$ån [anmo{Q>ªJ)
àH¥${V Ho$ Z¡g{J©H$ Ed§ gwÝXaV_² ñdê$n go gmW ahZm h_mao
OrdZ Ho$ {bE ~ohX _hËdnyU© h¡Ÿ& `h h_mar gË` H$mo OmZZo H$s
BÀN>m H$mo g§VwîQ> H$aVr h¡Ÿ& _oam `h {dídmg h¡ {H$ àË`oH$ _Zwî` H$m
`h OÝ_{gÕ A{YH$ma h¡ {H$ dh AnZo Xoe H$s hXm| _| àH¥${V H$s
{dembV_² n[a{Y Ho$ AÝVJ©V ^«_U H$a ZdrZ AZw^dm| H$s àmpßV
H$aoŸ& Bgr CÔoí` H$s ny{V© hoVw Ed§ Jmodm Ho$ {d{^ÝZ gwaå` ñWbm| H$mo
XoIZo H$s Mmh _| _¢ Q´>oqH$J Ho$ån go Ow‹S>mŸ&
Ho$ VËdmdYmZ _| Bg `mÌm Ho$ {bE nyU© {Z`mo{OV
H$m`©H«$_ V` {H$`m OmVm h¡Ÿ& `h gmh{gH$ `mÌm 15 go 65 df© VH$
Ho$ Am`w g_yh Ho$ ì`{º$`m| Ho$ {bE Am`mo{OV H$s OmVr h¡Ÿ& Bg `mÌm
H$m _w»` CÔoí` hmoVm h¡ ""{dMaZo `m C‹S>Zo dmbr _pŠI`m| Ûmam
ehX EH${ÌV H$aZm'' AWm©V² Kw_ÝVw `m Ky_Zm ng§X H$aZo dmbo
ì`{ŠV`m| H$mo àH¥${V Ho$ ZdrZ AZw^d go n[a{MV H$amZmŸ& _oao gmW
em{_b Wo lr E.Ho$. Xw~o, lr namJ A{½ZhmoÌr, lr ApídZr {Vdmar,
lr ~r.EZ. _wH$Ou, lr _hoe d_m©, lr Eb.Eb. g§Kdr, lr
S>r.Ho$.d¢H$Q>a_U, lr Ama. d¡Ú Ed§ lr ~r.Eb. amR>m¡aŸ& h_mam aoëdo
AmajU Xmo _mh nyd© {H$`m Om MwH$m WmŸ& BÝXm¡a go Jmodm VH$ H$m aob
g\$a 24 KÊQ>o go A{YH$ H$m hmoVm h¡Ÿ& BgHo$ {bE YHAI go ^r
{ZpíMV H$m`©H«$_ H$s {dñV¥V OmZH$mar àmßV H$aZr hmoVr h¡Ÿ& h_mar
Bg gmh{gH$ `mÌm Ho$ {bE 18-12-2007 H$m {XZ {ZYm©aV
YHAI
h_mam g_yh {XZm§H$ 18-12-2007 H$mo IÊS>dm Ho$ {bE
admZm hþAm, Ohm± go _§Jbm EŠgàog {OgH$m àñWmZ 12.15 ~Oo
{Z`V Wm Ed§ Jmodm Ho$ g_rn {W{d_ aoëdo ñQ>oeZ na 19.30 ~Oo
nhþ±MZo H$m g_` WmŸ& _§Jbm EŠgàog I§S>dm go Jmodm VH$ H$m `h
g\$a npíM_r KmQ> Ho$ ~rM go JwOaH$a nyU© H$aVr h¡ `h KmQ> hao^ao O§Jbm| go AmÀN>m{XV h¡Ÿ& h[a`mbr H$m `h AX²^wV ZµOmam
Amgnmg Ho$ _Zmoa_ Ñí`m| H$m dU©Z Zht {H$`m Om gH$Vm, Ho$db
_hgyg {H$`m Om gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& h_ bmoJ 3 KÊQ>o H$s Xoar go 22.30
~Oo nhþ±MoŸ& h_mam _yb (AmYma) {e{da Jmodm Q´>oH$ Ho$ {bE ñnmoQ²>g©
AWm°[aQ>r J«mCÊS> (`m Iob àm{YH$aU _¡XmZ) na {ñWV Wm Omo
_ram_ma ~rM nUOr Jmodm _| _m§S>dr ZXr Ho$ VQ> na pñWV WmŸ& h_
AY©am{Ì H$mo ñQ>oeZ nhþ±Mo VWm Xmo Q>opŠg`m| Ûmam _yb {e{da Ho$ {bE
{ZH$bo Omo ñQ>oeZ go 25 {H$._r. Xyar na WmŸ& h_mao {bE AY©am{Ì
H$mo {e{da _| H$m`©H$Vm©Am| Ûmam {H$`m J`m AmË_r` ñdmJV EH$ ZB©
gwImZw^y{V WrŸ& ñdmJV Ho$ VËH$mb ~mX h_| 10 Z§. H$m Q>|Q>
Amd§{Q>V H$a {X`m J`mŸ& Omo AmJm_r Xmo {XZm| Ho$ {bE h_mam Ka Wm
Omo _yb {e{da Ho$ dmVmdaU go Aä`ñV H$amZo Ho$ {bE WmŸ&
h_mam _yb `m AmYma {e{da YHAI$ Ho$ Ûmam {ZYm©[aV AmH$ma
H$m à{Vê$n Wm {OgH$r ewê$AmV {Z`_mZwgma H$m`©H«$_ H$s ê$naoIm
Ho$ AZwgma Wr& H$m`©H$Vm© {e{da ñWb na _mJ©Xe©Z H$mo VËna Wo,
{e{damWu _| ñdAZwemgZ, AmË_g§`_ go gm_y{hH$ H$m`© H$aZm
{e{da Ho$ CÔoí` WoŸ& am{Ì _| {e{da à_wI Ûmam Ho$ån \$m`a H$m
Ohm± n{dÌVm h¡, dht {Z^©`Vm hmo gH$Vr h¡ - _hmË_m Jm±Yr
52
amOVa§{JUr
Am`moOZ {H$`m OmVm h¡, Ohm± h_mao AÝXa H$s {N>nr à{V^mAm|,
h_mar `mo½`VmAm|, h_mao kmZ AO©Z H$s j_VmAm| H$mo C^maZo H$m
Adga {X`m OmVm h¡ Omo {H$ `yW hm°ñQ>b H$s H$B© dfm] go Mbr Am
ahr naånam Ho$ AZwgma h¡Ÿ& Ohm± VH$ g§^d Wm àVrH$mË_H$ ê$n go
_mo_~Îmr, bmbQ>oZ Ed§ {~Obr Ho$ Cn`moJ Ûmam Ho$ån \$m`a {H$`m
OmVm h¡ Vm{H$ bH$‹S>r Ho$ ObZo go CËnÝZ H$maUm| go àH¥${V H$mo
àXy{fV hmoZo go ~Mm`m Om gHo$Ÿ&
V¥Vr` {XZ
(~og Ho$ån go dbgmAmo ~rM, 9 {H$._r.)
{ÛVr` {XZ (AZwHy$bZ)
h_mao {XZ H$m AmJmO Mm` Ho$ gmW gw~h 5 ~Oo hþAmŸ& BgHo$
~mX emar[aH$ ì`m`m_, {e{da H$s gm\$-g\$mB© Ed§ gw~h Ho$ ZmíVo
Ho$ ~mX _ram_ma ~rM VH$ H$s n¡Xb `mÌm H$s Omo h_mao {e{da Ho$ nmg
WrŸ& h_mar `h n¡Xb `mÌm nmZr na MbZo dmbo ñHy$Q>a H$s gdmar
(S>moZm nmCbm ~rM [agmoQ>©) Ho$ gmW IË_ hþB© Ed§ h_ g^r ~g go
dmng {e{da _| Am JEŸ& BgHo$ ~mX h_| Amdí`H$ gm_mZ EH$
`h h_mam `mÌm (Q´>oH$) H$m nhbm {XZ WmŸ& h_| H¢$S>rµO,
Ho$Zdmg ~oJ (O¡gm Am_Vm¡a na \$m¡Or Cn`moJ _| bmVo h¢) _| aIZm EŠbo`g© (Mm°H$boQ>) Ed§ ½byH$moO {~pñH$Q> amñVo _| ImZo Ho$ {bE
Wm Ed§ ~mH$s H$m gm_mZ gwa{jV aIdmZo hoVw {e{da Ho$ Am°{\$g _| {XE JEŸ& g_yh 5 Ho$ gXñ`m| Zo h_mar hm¢gbm A\$OmB© H$aVo hþE
O_m H$amZm WmŸ&
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YHAI$ Ho$ AÜ`j lr _ZmoO Omoer Ûmam h_| Jmodm Ho$ gm§ñH¥${VH$ gmW hr _Nw>Amam| H$m Jm§d WmŸ& nhMmZ hoVw ~ZmE JE {MÝhm| H$m
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h_mao {X_mJm| _| ^mby Ed§ CgHo$ Iy§ImanZ H$s `mX| H$m¢Y JB©Ÿ& BgHo$ ^mar Ho$Zdmg ~¡J OëX am{Ì ^moO, Yyb J§XJr Am{X go g§~§{YV WrŸ&
~mX ^mby Ho$ g§X^© _| nyao g_yh _| ~mV| hmoZo bJr Ed§ EH$ JmZm ""^mby OëX hr h_ nVm H$aZo bJo {H$ {H$gHo$ nmg XX© {ZdmaH$ Am¡f{Y,
ao ^mby Voam a§J H¡$gm'' Jm`m J`mŸ& dmñVd _| h_ AnZo nyao Q´>oqH$J _| Q>m°M©, B§OoŠeZ Am{X h¡, {OZH$s Oê$aV Amn AË`{YH$ VH$br\$
5d| go 8d| {XZ Ho$ _Ü` O§Jbr OmZdam| Ho$ nmg ahoŸ& `hm± h_Zo gm±n Ed§ VZmd _| _hgyg H$aVo h¢Ÿ& na `h nhbo {XZ H$s VH$br\$ Wr Omo
H$s H|$Mwbr Ed§ H$m±Q>m| dmbo g¡hr (gmhr) Ho$ Xe©Z H$aZo Ho$ gmW hr
erK« hr Xya hmo OmEJrŸ& `h gmoMH$a h_ AnZo AmJo Ho$ A{^`mZ H$mo
AZoH$ OmZdam| H$s brX amñVo _| n‹S>r XoIr Bg_| go Hw$N> brX H$s
g\$bVmnyd©H$ MbmZo Ho$ {bE CËgm{hV hmo JEŸ&
nhMmZ ^mby H$s brX Ho$ ê$n _| h_mao AZw^dr gXñ`m| Ûmam H$s JB©Ÿ&
MVwW© {XZ
Bg _gbo na H$moB© ~hg H$m gdmb hr Zht Wm Š`m|o{H$ ^mby go
(dbgmAmo ~rM go ~oZmo{b`_ ~rM, 14 {H$._r.)
g§~§{YV MrOm| Ho$ ~mao _| h_mao {X_mJ ~ohX Iwbo hþE WoŸ&
`h nyU©V`m g_wÐ VQ> Ho$ gmW MbZo dmbm Q´>oH$ Wm, Ohm± na
Xmonha ~mX 45 {_ZQ> H$s _moQ>a ~moQ> H$s gdmar _m§S>dr ZXr
nma H$aZo Ho$ {bE h_ _ram_ma VQ> na nhþ±MoŸ& `hm± h_Zo S>m°pë\$Z T>oam| aoñQ>m°aoÝQ> Ed§ n`©Q>H$ [agmoQ²>©g ~Zo hþE WoŸ& h_ bmoJ gmoM aho Wo
`h g_wÐ VQ> nyU©V`m Iwbm Ed§ dramZ hmoJm bo{H$Z Eogm Zht WmŸ&
XoIr Ed§ Hw$N> OJhm| na S>m°{ë\$Z H$m hmoZm h_Zo {MpÝhV {H$`mŸ&
^maVr` OZVm Ho$ ~rM H$m_ H$aZo Ho$ {bE {hÝXr hr EH$_mÌ gmYZ h¡ - O`àH$me Zmam`U
53
amOVa§{JUr
`hm± na ~hþV go {dXoer n`©Q>H$ _m¡OyX Wo VWm gy`© ñZmZ H$m AmZ§X
bo aho WoŸ& do gy`© ñZmZ H$s C{MV doe^yfm _| WoŸ& h_mao g_yh _| go
Hw$N> Zo qOXm grn EH${ÌV {H$`o Bg Amem _| {H$ h_| AmJo ñdm{Xï>
g_wÐr ^moOZ àmßV hmoJmŸ& h_mao Ûmam ~mX _| BZ g_wÐr Ordm| H$mo
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Ë`mJ H$a {X`m J`m Vm{H$ h_mar `mÌm H$m ~moP hëH$m hmo gHo$Ÿ& gy`©
H$s V{ne Am¡a WHo$ hþE n¡am| Ho$ H$maU `mÌm O¡go IË_ hmoZo O¡gr Zht
bJ ahr WrŸ& Bg g`_ gmar {eH$m`V| IË_ hmo MwH$s Wr g~ `h
OmZZm Mmh aho Wo Am¡a {H$VZr Xya OmZm hmoJmŸ& gmW hr `mÌm H$m
VZmd ^r Hw$N> gXñ`m| Ho$ Moham| na {XImB© Xo ahm Wm VWm Hw$N>
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Amng _| Kwb-{_b aho WoŸ VWm EH$ _O~yV g_yh ~Z ahm WmŸ& Cg
amV H$m Ho$ån \$m`a H$m\$s {ZamemOZH$ WmŸ& Hw$N> XwI ^ao JmZo Jm`o
JEŸ& g_yh dmñV{dH$Vm H$mo ñdrH$ma H$aZo Ho$ {bE V¡`ma Zht WmŸ&
na h_ AnZo _| BVZr {hå_V Zht OwQ>m nmE {H$ XyYgmJa ObànmV
H$s PbH$ XoI nmEŸ&
fîR>_ {XZ
(XyYgmJa go Hw$doer, 9 {H$._r.)
XyYgmJa PaZm (ObànmV) _m§S>dr ZXr go H$m\$s D±$MmB© na
h¡, Bg H$maU J{_©`m| Ho$ _m¡g_ _| Á`mXm _Zmoa_ Zht bJVm h¡,
bo{H$Z _mZgyZ Ho$ Xm¡amZ `h ObànmV ^maV Ho$ g~go e{º$embr
ObànmV _| (n[ad{V©V) hmo OmVm h¡Ÿ& XyYgmJa ObànmV ^maV _|
D±$MmB© na {ñWV PaZm| _| nm±Mdm§ VWm {díd _| BgH$m Zå~a
227dm± h¢Ÿ& BgH$s D±$MmB© 310 _rQ>a h¡Ÿ&
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WmŸ& Xmonha _| ZXr Ho$ nmg nhþ±MZo na h_Zo {e{da Ho$ (g_yh) à_wI
n§M_ {XZ
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gwÝXaVm {bE hþE AZ{JZV Z{X`m± Ed§ Zmbo Bg joÌ _| ñdmJV H$aVo
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h
JwOaVo hr dhm± Yyb Ho$ ~mXb N>m OmVo WoŸ&
moZo bJVm h¡Ÿ& O§Jbm| _| ^r \$H©$ {XImB© XoZo bJVm h¡, O§Jb go
Bg Xm¡amZ {d{^Þ ZE MwZm¡Vr ^ao n[aÑí` XoIZo H$mo {_bo Ohm± \$bm| Ho$ CÚmZ _| àdoe hmoZo bJVm h¡, Ohm± na ~hþV go AkmV \$b
AMmZH$ ghO g_wÐr VQ> na MbZm Wm dhm± D$~‹S>-Im~‹S> O§Jb Ed§ \y$bm| Ho$ no‹S> bJo WoŸ& `hm± h_Zo ~hþV go Am±db| Ho$ no‹S> ^r XoIoŸ&
Ho$ _¡XmZ Ed§ amñVo _| {_bZo dmbo Zmbo {OÝh| nma H$aZo Ho$ {bE h_|
Hw$doer {e{da h_mao {bE g~go ~ohVa {gÕ hþAm Zm {g\©$
~ma-~ma OyVo CVmaZo Ed§ Jrbo n¡am| _| nhZZo n‹S>Vo WoŸ& h_ nhm‹S>r
H$s D±$MmB© na Om aho Wo Ed§ ~maå~ma Yyb go ^ao ~mXb AmH$a h_mao AnZo _Zmoa_ ñWbm| Ho$ {bE daZ² nmaXeu PaZm| H$s dOh go `hm±
CËgmh (h_mar ^mdZm) H$mo PH$Pmoa aho WoŸ& O~ h_ {e{da _| nhþ±Mo Omo ñdm{Xï> ^moOZ àmßV hþAm dh AÝ` ñWmZm| go ~ohX CåXm WmŸ&
Vmo h_mao ~rM _| go Hw$N> gXñ`m| Zo gm§g br Š`m|{H$ Hw$N> A{V[aº$ h_ bmoJ AnZo Bg n‹S>md na OëXr nhþ±M JE Wo Bg{bE Bg ñWb
{H$bmo_rQ>a H$s `mÌm H$a boZo na XyYgmJa ànmV {XImB© Xo ahm Wm, H$s gwÝXaVm Ho$ Xe©Z hoVw h_mao nmg g_` WmŸ& h_Zo `hm± PaZo _|
ñZmZ {H$`m VWm àH¥${V H$s gwaå` JmoX _| {dlm_ {H$`m Omo h_mao
{Og g{hîUwVm _| H«$moY Zht, Ûof Zht, CgHo$ gm_Zo VmH$V ^r PwH$ OmVr h¡ - {XZH$a
54
amOVa§{JUr
{bE ~ohX Oê$ar WmŸ&
gßV_ {XZ
(Hw$doer go AZ_moX, 20 {H$._r.)
Hw$doer go AZ_moX VH$ H$s `mÌm EH$ bå~r `mÌm h¡ Omo O§Jb Ho$
amñVo go JwOaH$a H$Zm©Q>H$ Ho$ N>moQ>o eha Ho$ñbo am°H$ na h_| nhþ±MZo _|
Hw$N> K§Q>o bJoŸ& OëX hr h_ ~mOma go JwOa aho Wo h_mao gmWrJU
IarXXmar _| _eJyb hmo J`oŸ& Á`mXmVa ImZo-nrZo Ho$ gm_mZ IarXo
J`o Omo h_ bmoJm| H$mo Hw$N> {XZm| go Zht {_b ahm WmŸ&
`hm± h_| ñWmZr` JmBS> {_b J`m Wm, {OgZo h_mao J§Vì`
ñWb AZ_moX H$m amñVm {XIm`mŸ& {e{da ñWb Ho$ nmg h_| nwZ…
ObYmam XoIZo H$mo {_bm Omo {e{da go Hw$N> hr {_{ZQ>m| H$s Xyar na
WrŸ& h_mao g_yh Ho$ gXñ` Bg g_` VH$ H$m\$s {hb{_b J`o Wo
(Amng _| ~§Y J`o Wo) h_ g^r "`hm§ Am¡a A^r' dmbr pñW{V H$m
AmZ§X CR>mZo _| bJo Wo, ~Om` nwamZo VZmd ^ao {XZm| H$s `mX Ed§
AkmV ^{dî` H$s H$ënZm _|Ÿ& O§Jb H$m R>§S>m dmVmdaU h_| Amamo½`
aIZo dmbm (ñdñW) ñne© Xo ahm WmŸ&
Mm¡Wm g_yh Wm {OgZo `h `mÌm nyU© H$s WrŸ& g_yh Omo _yb {e{da _|
Wm AmJm_r EH$-Xmo {XZ _| Nw>{Å>`m§ IË_ H$a `mÌm H$s V¡`mar _| WmŸ&
do h_| S>a Ed§ àoaUm H$s ZµOam| go XoI ahm WmŸ& h_Zo CÝh| AmídmgZ
{X`m {H$ g~ R>rH$ ahoJm Am¡a dhm± ^mbyAm| Ho$ Xoe _| CÝh| H$moB© ^mby
Zht {_boJmŸ&
h_ bmoJm| H$m AË`ÝV Eo{Vhm{gH$ ñdmJV {H$`m J`mŸ& h_mam
_oam {dídmg h¡ `h _oao Ed§ _oao Amgnmg H$s Xw{Z`m H$mo gwJ_
g_yh Ho$ gXñ`m| Zo AnZo à_mU-nÌm| Ho$ gmW admZJr ewê$
H$a XrŸ& h__| go Hw$N> dmng {e{da _| éH$ J`o Wo Ed§ am{Ì _| Ho$ån
Aï>_ {XZ
\$m`a {H$`mŸ& Hw$N> H$maUm| go {e{da H$m am{Ì ^moOZ AË`ÝV hr
(AZ_moX go Q>å~r gwabm, 9 {H$._r. go ~og Ho$ån)
ñVar` Ed§ AmíM`©OZH$ ê$n go ñdm{Xï> WmŸ& `h h_mar A§{V_
`h h_mar `mÌm H$m A§{V_ n‹S>md Wm Omo bJmVma npíM_r KmQ>
{dXmB© Wr, EH$ ~ohX _hËdnyU© AZw^dm| go `wŠV Jmodm H$s gmh{gH$
Ho$ CËH¥$ï> nhm‹S>r joÌ Ho$ gwÝXa Ed§ a_{UH$ Ñí`m| go ^anya WmŸ& h_|
`mÌm H$s nyU©Vm naŸ&
MbZo _| H$m\$s naoemZr hmo ahr Wr Š`m|{H$ amñVm D$~‹S>-Im~‹S> Ed§
Š`m _¢ {\$a go Jmodm H$s gmh{gH$ `mÌm na nwZ… OmD§$Jm? hm±,
g§H$am WmŸ&
Jmodm Ho$ _Zmoa_ Ñí`, g_wÐr VQ> Ed§ ahñ`_`r nhm{‹S>`m± Omo Jmodm Ho$
O§Jb Ho$ g§H$ao amñVo H$mo nma H$aZo Hoo$ {bE Hw$N> Xoa CnamÝV
A§Xê$Zr {hñgo _| Wr A^r ^r _oao OohZ H$mo PH$Pmoa ahr WrŸ&
hr Orn Ûmam Hw$N> O§Jbr amñVm nma h_| _hmXod _§{Xa _| grYo bo
H$m`©H$Vm©Am| Ed§ `mÌm _| ^mJ boZo dmbo bmoJm| H$m nmg AmZm
OmVm h¡, Omo Q>å~S>r gwabm H$r nhm‹S>r Ho$ ZrMo (VbhQ>r na)
AZ_moX KmQ> Ed§ N>moQ>r (aJXm) ZXr Ho$ {H$Zmao pñWV WmŸ& `h gwÝXa Ed§ EH$-Xygao H$m gh`moJ Bg ahñ`_`r Ed§ embrZ _H$gX H$mo
_mZdr` H$mo{ee H$m ñne© àXmZ H$aVm h¡Ÿ&
_§{Xa H$Xå~m gm_«mÁ` Ho$ Ûmam ~mahdt gXr _| ~Zm`m J`m WmŸ&
EH$-Xygao H$mo g_PZm, ~Xm©íV H$aZm Ed§ ñd`§ AmJo ~‹T>Zm
Xmonha VH$ h_ g^r Zo _§{Xa Ho$ Ûma na h_mam _Ü`mÝh ^moOZ
bo {b`m Am¡a AnZr ~g H$m BÝVOma H$aZo bJo Omo h_| _yb {e{da Bg `wdm hmoñQ>b H$s EH$ {d{eï> CnbpãY h¡Ÿ& `wdm N>mÌmdmg H$s `h
H$s Amoa bo OmZo dmbr Wr, ~g T>mB© ~Oo Ho$ bJ^J AmB© Am¡a h_ g~ J{V{d{Y AmJo MboŸ& _¢ Bg `mÌm go dmng Am J`m, _oam eara Ed§
WHo$ hmao, Yyb Yyg[aV bmoJ ~g _| Hy$XVo hþE M‹T> JE Ed§ ZdrZ D$Om© _oam CËgmh nwZ… g§Mm[aV hmo J`m, gmW hr gmh{gH$ Ed§ gh`moJr
go ^anya h_ Hw$N> hr nbm| (goH§$S>) _| nZOr H$s Amoa admZm hmo JEŸ& ^mdZm H$m Am{YnË` _oao OrdZ _| hmo J`mŸ&
OrdZ H$m gwI Xygam| H$mo gwIr H$aZo _| h¡, CZH$mo byQ>Zo _| Zht - ào_M§X
55
amOVa§{JUr
àXoe Ed§ ^mfm
H«$.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
àXoe
AéUmMb àXoe
Ag_
Am§Y« àXoe
C‹S>rgm
CÎma àXoe
H$Zm©Q>H$
Ho$ab
JwOamV
Jmodm
Oå_y H$mí_ra
V{_bZmSw>
{Ìnwam
ZmJmb¡ÊS>
n§Om~
npíM_ ~§Jmb
{~hma
_{Unwa
_Ü`àXoe
_hmamï´>
{_Omoa_
^mfm
A§J«oOr
Ag_r
VobJy
C{‹S>`m
{hÝXr
H$ÝZ‹S>
_b`mb_
JwOamVr
H$m|H$Ur/_amR>r
CXy©/H$í_rar/S>m|Jar
V{_b
~§Jbm
A§J«oOr
n§Om~r
~§Jbm
{hÝXr
A§J«oOr
{hÝXr
_amR>r
A§J«oOr
Ama.Q>r. JmobmZr
ghm`H$ Am`wŠV à^mJ,
BÝXm¡a
H«$.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
^mfm
_oKmb`
amOñWmZ
{gpŠH$_
h[a`mUm
{h_mMb àXoe
N>ÎmrgJ‹T>
CÎmam§Mb
PmaIÊS>
g§K em{gV àXoe
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
gm~wZ J`m Am±I _|,
nmZr J`m H$mZ _|,
N>tH$ AmB© ZmH$ go,
Am±gy Q>nH$m Am±I go,
amoZm Am`m Omoa go,
nmnm OmJo emoa go,
àXoe
AÊS>_mZ {ZH$mo~ma
MÊS>rJ‹T>
X_Z-Xrd
XmXam ZJa hdobr
{Xëbr
nmpÊS>Moar
bjÛrn
A§J«oOr/Imgr/Jmamo
{hÝXr
boßMm/{hÝXr/_mo{h`m
{hÝXr
{hÝXr
{hÝXr
{hÝXr
{hÝXr
amO^mfm
A§J«oOr/~§Jbm/{hÝXr
{hÝXr/§n§Om~r
JwOamVr/_amR>r
JwOamVr/{hÝXr
{hÝXr
A§J«oOr
_b`mb_/A§J«oOr
_å_r AmB© Xm¡‹S> Ho$,
gmam H$m_ N>mo‹S> Ho$,
Jbo bJm`m bm‹S> go,
S>m°Q> bJmB© ß`ma go,
H$m_ H$amo Ü`mZ go,
ß`mar hmo Vw_ g~H$s OmZ goŸ&
- Hw$. ajXm H$amho
6R>r
4/24, ñbr_Z bmB©Z, BÝXm¡a
XodZmJar ^maV Ho$ {bE daXmZ h¡ - {dZmo~m ^mdo
56
amOVa§{JUr
AVwb {ÌdoXr "AVwë`'
H$a ghm`H$ (bo.n.)
Ho$ÝÐr` CËnmX ewëH$
BÝXm¡a
`Ú{n _mZd gä`Vm H$m B{Vhmg {OVZm àmMrZ h¡, ^maVr`
g§ñH¥${V ^r CVZr hr àmMrZ h¡Ÿ& Y_© Ed§ gmåàXm{`H$Vm {OVZr
nwamZr h¡, Ym{_©H$ H$Å>aVm ^r CVZr hr nwamZr h¡Ÿ& VWm{n {dJV Hw$N>
dfm] go Y_© VWm gmåàXm{`H$Vm O¡go {df`m| H$m CëboI AË`{YH$
hmoZo bJm h¡Ÿ& O~ H$^r Ym{_©H$ H$Å>aVm H$s ~mV MbVr h¡, `h H$hm
OmVm h¡ {H$ B©gmB©, {gI, O¡Z, `hÿXr, _wpñb_ BË`m{X AnZo Y_© Ho$
à{V ~hþV H$Å>aVm H$m ^md aIVo h¢, naÝVw {hÝXy AnZo Y_© Ho$ à{V
{ZîUmV ^md aIVo h¢ Am¡a em`X `hr H$maU h¡ {H$ AOmZ~mhþ H$s
Vah J§Yma (AmO H$m A\$Jm{ZñVmZ) go boH$a Vm_«nUu (AmO H$m
lrb§H$m) VH$ \¡$bm AIÊS> {hÝXwñVmZ AmO IpÊS>V H$í_ra go
boH$a H$Ý`mHw$_mar VH$ {g_Q>H$a ah J`m h¡Ÿ& Omo ^r H$maU hm|, `hm±
{dMmaUr` àíZ `h h¡ {H$ - Y_© Š`m h¡? Y_© Ho$ à{V H$Å>a AmJ«h
H$m Š`m AW© h¡?
AmnH$mo _mZdVm H$m loð> AmXe© XoIZo H$mo {_boŸ& g^r gåàXm`m| H$s
Ym{_©H$ g§ñWmAm| _| AmnH$mo AZoH$m| àH$ma H$s ~wamB`m± {_boJrŸ& Omo
A{YH$ MmbmH$ hmoJm dh gX¡d _w{I`m ~ZZo H$s gmoMoJm, OZgodm
Ed§ g_mO godm Vmo {~Zm {H$gr nX H$mo YmaU {H$`o ^r H$s Om gH$Vr
h¡Ÿ& XmZ Ho$ {df` _o §gX¡d à{VñnYm© MbVr ahVr h¡Ÿ& ha AmX_r
MmhVm h¡ {H$ Xm{Z`m| H$s gyMr _| CZH$m Zm_ A{J«_ ahoŸ& AmS>å~a
H$m ^md, XmZ Ho$ ^md H$mo H$ht ZrMo X~m XoVm h¡Ÿ&
{\$a àíZ `h CR>Vm h¡ {H$ AZoH$ ~wamB`m| Ho$ ~mdOyX BZ
VWmH${WV Ym{_©H$ ñWbm| _| {XZ-à{V{XZ OZg¡bm~ ~‹T>Vm hr
Š`m| Om ahm h¡? `{X B©ída gd©ì`mßV h¡ Vmo CgH$s AmamYZm AnZo
{Zdmg na EH$mÝV _| Š`m| Zht H$s Om gH$Vr? Y_©^rê$, Am_ OZ
H$s `h YmaUm hmoVr h¡ {H$ XodVm Ho$ {Zdmg ñWmZ na {Z`{_V
CnpñW{V XoZo go CZH$s _ZmoH$m_ZmE± gmH$ma hmo OmE§JrŸ& _Zwî` H$s
ñd^mdJV àXe©Z H$s ^yI ^r BgH$m EH$ à_wI H$maU h¡Ÿ& Py_Py_H$a ^OZ JmZo, XmZ XoZo Am¡a ^md{d^moa hmoH$a gmï>m§J XÊS>dV
H$aZo go ì`{º$ erK« hr g_mO _| EH$ {d{eï>OZ H$s loUr _| Am
OmVm h¡ O~{H$ H$_©joÌ _| {d{eï> ~ZZo Ho$ {bE H$R>moa AmË_mZwemgZ
H$s Amdí`H$Vm hmoVr h¡, H$B© ì`pŠVJV gwI Ë`mJZo n‹S>Vo h¢ Am¡a
~hþV gmao {damoYr VÎdm| go g§Kf© H$aZm n‹S>Vm h¡Ÿ&
àm`… Y_© Ho$ gmW "_mZdVm Ho$ H$Îm©ì`' H$mo Z Omo‹S>H$a
nyOmnmR>, CnmgZm, AmS>å~a BË`m{X H$s e¡br H$mo Omo‹S>m OmVm h¡Ÿ&
`{X H$moB© ì`{º$ {Z`{_V ê$n go {JaOmKa OmVm h¡ Vmo dh nŠH$m
B©gmB©, {Z`{_V JwéÛmao OmVm h¡ Vmo nŠH$m {gI, nm±M dŠV H$m
{Z`{_V Z_mOr h¡ Vmo nŠH$m _wgb_mZ Am¡a à{V{XZ _pÝXa OmVm
h¡ Vmo nŠH$m {hÝXy h¡Ÿ& Xygar Amoa `{X {H$gr ì`{ŠV Ho$ OrdZ _| Eogr
H$moB© {Z`{_V Ym{_©H$ nÕ{V Zht h¡ Vmo Cgo AYm{_©H$ H$s loUr _|
`{X h_ ^maV Ho$ AVrV H$s Amoa ZOa Kw_mE§ Vmo nmE§Jo {H$ Bg
aIH$a ""Zm{ñVH$'' Ab§H$aU go {d^y{fV {H$`m OmVm h¡Ÿ&
Xoe H$s g§ñH¥${V H$mo H$_© H$s ^Å>r _| VnZo dmbm| Zo hr g§OmoH$a aIm
gmoMZo H$s ~mV h¡ Bg nÕ{V H$m Y_© go Š`m gå~ÝY h¡? Š`m hþAm h¡Ÿ& h_mao Ym{_©H$ AmS>å~am| Zo Vmo gX¡d {Zarh Ed§ H$_Omoa dJ©
{Z`{_V ê$n go _§{Xa, _pñOX, JwéÛmam `m MM© OmZm Ed§ hmW H$s amoQ>r N>rZH$a AnZr ^yI {_Q>mB© Am¡a {_Q>mVo Am aho h¢Ÿ&
Omo‹S>H$a {ga PwH$mZm hr Ym{_©H$ hmoZo H$m à_mU h¡? Š`m _Z _| Y_©^rê$Vm Ed§ A§Y{dídmg Zo H$_Omoa Ed§ Aghm` dJ© H$m emofU
B©ída Ho$ à{V AmñWm Ed§ lÕm H$m H$moB© _hËd Zht h¡? Omo bmoJ H$aZo Ho$ {gdm Hw$N> Zht {H$`m h¡Ÿ& àË`oH$ Y_© H$m _yb_§Ì X`m,
AnZr [d{eï> e¡br go AmamYZm H$m AmS>å~a aMVo h¢ Š`m CÝh| AmXe© VWm ào_ h¡Ÿ& g^r Y_© _ybV… _mZdr`Vm, g{hîUwVm VWm
gh`moJ H$m nmR> n‹T>mVo h¢Ÿ& `{X g^r Y_m] H$m gmaVËd EH$ hr h¡ Vmo
{H$gr nr‹S>m H$m gm_Zm Zht H$aZm n‹S>Vm? Š`m CZ na H$moB©
{\$a AmS>å~a \¡$bmZo H$s Š`m Amdí`H$Vm h¡? g^r Y_© `h {ejm
Am{W©H$ `m gm_m{OH$ {dn{Îm Zht AmVr? Š`m do _mZdr`
XoVo h¢ {H$ AnZr H$_Omo[a`m| H$mo ñdrH$ma H$amo Am¡a CÝh| gwYmaZo H$m
H$_Omo[a`m| go AbJ hQ>H$a {Z{d©amoY ah gH$Vo h¢? Amn Y_© Ho$
à`ËZ H$amo, naÝVw BZ Ym{_©H$ ñWbm| _| Vmo H$_Omo[a`m| H$mo ghbm`m
à{V AZwaŠV {H$gr ^r ì`pŠV go {_bH$a XoI br{OE em`X hr
Vnñ`m go ~‹T>H$a gËH$_© h¡ - d{eð>
57
amOVa§{JUr
OmVm h¡, CÝh| Am¡a nZnZo Ho$ {bE AmXe© dmVmdaU {X`m OmVm h¡Ÿ&
`{X B©ída gd©ì`mßV h¡ Vmo Cgo Y_©ñWbm| H$s MmaXrdmar _|
H¡$X H$aHo$ CgHo$ {bE VWmH${WV EOoÝQ>m| H$s {Z`wpŠV Š`m|
Amdí`H$ h¡? `{X dh {ZamH$ma h¡ Vmo CgH$s {d{eï> AmH¥${V ~ZmZo
H$s Š`m Amdí`H$Vm h¡? {H$gr g_` B©ída Ho$ AZoH$ àVrH$ J‹T>
{bE JE WoŸ& g_` Ho$ gmW-gmW àVrH$ gX¡d ~XbVo aho h¢ Am¡a
~XbVo ah|JoŸ& `o àVrH$ Z Vmo {H$gr H$m ~wam H$aVo h¢ Am¡a Z hr ^bmŸ&
gmar ~wamB©-^bmB© _Zwî` H$s AnZr Or{O{dfm Am¡a AnZo Ah_² _|
ahVr h¡Ÿ& B©ída Z Vmo {H$gr H$mo XÊS> XoVm h¡ Am¡a Z hr nwañH$maŸ&
`{X dh Eogm H$aZo bJo Vmo {\$a XodËd Am¡a _Zwî`Ëd _| AÝVa
g_mßV hmo OmEJmŸ& Amdí`H$Vm h¡ Bg {Z`_ H$s d¡km{ZH$Vm H$mo
g_PZo H$sŸ& gÀMm Ym{_©H$ dhr h¡ Omo AmS>å~am| H$s _mbm \o$aZo _|
AnZm g_` ì`W© Z J§dmH$a H$_©erb ~ZZo Ho$ à`mg _| bJm ahoŸ&
JrVm _| H$hm J`m h¡ ""H$_©Ê`o dm{YH$mañVo _m \$bofw H$XmMZ²''
AmV§H$dmX
ì`§½`-\§$S>m
Ho$db H$m`m©b`rZ Cn`moJ Ho$ {bE
g^r H$_©Mm[a`m|-A{YH$m[a`m| Ho$ H$m`m©b`rZ
g\$bVm Ho$ {bE {ZåZ{b{IV \§$S>o {XE Om aho h¢, {OÝh|
AnZmH$a do AnZr godm{Zd¥{Îm Vmo gwa{jV H$a|Jo hr daZ²
Zm¡H$ar ^r Amam_ go H$a gH|$Jo …1) `{X ~m°g Zo ~wbdm`m hmo Vmo H$hbdm X| - A^r grQ>
na Zh§t h¡Ÿ&
2) ~m°g Xw~mam ~wbdmE± Vmo ~Vm X| - Mm` nrZo JE hþE h¢Ÿ&
3) ~m°g {\$a ^r Z _mZo Vmo AmZo Ho$ {bE H$h X|Ÿ&
4) ~m°g Ho$ nmg OmZm hr n‹S>o Vmo _mVhV A{YH$mar H$mo
^oO X|Ÿ&
5) ~m°g go {ZX}e {_b| Vmo CÝh| ZmoQ> H$a b|Ÿ&
6) `{X hmW go {bIm h¡ Vmo Q>mBn H$a b|Ÿ&
"AmV§H$dmX'
Z h¡ Ho$db PJ‹S>m Z \$gmX
~pëH$ ^`mdh AmJ h¡,
{OgZo {H$`o H$B© Ka ~~m©X
Omo Z A~ hmo gHo$§Jo H$^r Am~mX E_. Ho$. AmarOm
Ny>Q> J`o h¢ Bggo H$B© [aíVm| Ho$ hmW {ZarjH$ (bo.n.)
Bg ñdmWu Xw{Z`m _|
amoVr {~bIVr {OÝXJm{Z`m| H$s
\$[a`mX gwZVm h¡ H$m¡Z?
XoH$a gm§ËdZm H$moar
àemgZ ^r gmY boVm h¡
_m¡Z !!
ho IwXm nVm Zht
H$~ dh {XZ AmEJm
O~ Bg _mZdVm H$mo S>gZo dmbo
^`mZH$ AmV§H$dmX H$m
\$Z
Hw$Mbm OmEJmŸ&
7) Q>mBn {H$`m hmo Vmo H$m°nr H$a b|Ÿ&
8) `{X H$m°nr hmo Vmo \$mBb H$a b|Ÿ&
9) \$mBb {H$`m hmo Vmo \$mBb BYa-CYa aI X|Ÿ&
10) S>mH$ `m nÌ g_P _| Z AmE Vmo Xygao Ho$ Zm_ H$adm
X|Ÿ&
11) MwJbImoam| go ~M|, MwJbImoar go ZhtŸ&
12) ì`dñWm Ho$ {bE ì`ñVVm H$m àXe©Z H$a|Ÿ&
13) gm¢nm J`m H$m`© N>mo‹S>H$a eof g^r H$m`© _wñV¡Xr go
H$a|Ÿ&
godm _| AmZo Ho$ ~mX H$_©Mmar Kyg _| Z \§$go,
H$m`m©b` _| Jmbr-Jbm¡M Ed§ _manrQ> Z H$a|, Š`m|{H$
Zm¡H$ar _| KwgZm _wpíH$b h¡, Vmo {ZH$mbm OmZm Am¡a ^r
_wpíH$bŸ&
Xmof {ZH$mbZm gab h¡, CÝh| gwYmaZm H${R>Z - ßbyQ>mH©$
- _¡ZoO_oÝQ> Jwé
58
amOVa§{JUr
""g_mamoh''
_§MmgrZ gd©lr E.nr. {H$ëboH$a (ghm`H$ Am`wŠV),
lr E_.EZ. åhmÌo (ghm`H$ Am`wº$, CÁO¡Z),
lr grVmam_ e_m© (Cnm`wº$, nrW_nwa),
lr dr. h[ahaZ (Am`wº$, Anrëg),
lr Vbm{O`m ({Zd¥Îm_mZ Ana Am`wŠV)
lr Amo.nr. XYrM (Ana Am`wº$) Ed§
lr EZ.EZ. H$ŠH$‹S> (ghm`H$ Am`wº$)
""Amamoh''
lr E.nr. {H$ëboH$a, ghm`H$ Am`wŠV
lr dMZm| go H$m`©H«$_ H$mo J[a_m àXmZ H$aVo hþE
""Adamoh''
H$m`©H«$_ g_m{á Ho$ g_`
AmZ§X_½Z lmoVm
{hÝXr EH$ OmZXma ^mfm h¡, dh {OVZr ~‹T>oJr Xoe H$mo CVZm hr bm^ hmoJm - Odmhabmb Zohê$
A§H$ 28
amOVa§{JUr
""P§S>md§XZ''
lr Or.Ama. _rUm, Am`wº$ ÜdO \$hamVo hþE
""gbm_r''
gbm_r _§M na lr Or.Ama. _rUm, Am`wº$
Ed§ lr E_.EZ. åhmÌo, ghm`H$ Am`wº$
""{ZarjU''
JUV§Ì {Xdg g_mamoh H$s naoS> H$m
{ZarjU H$aVo hþE lr Or.Ama. _rUm, Am`wº$
Wmo‹S>o Aä`mg go {dkmZ na {hÝXr _| AÀN>r Vah {bIm Am¡a ~mobm Om gH$Vm h¡ - S>m°. O`§V ZmbuH$a
A§H$ 28
amOVa§{JUr
""gå~moYZ''
JUV§Ì {Xdg g_mamoh H$mo gå~mo{YV
H$aVo hþE lr Or.Ama. _rUm, Am`wŠV
""nao‹S>''
JUV§Ì {Xdg H$s Z`Zm{^am_ naoS>
""gå_mZ''
lr Or.Ama. _rUm, Am`wŠV amï´>n{V nwañH$ma àmßV
lr E_.EZ. d_m©, AYrjH$ H$m A{^ZÝXZ H$aVo hþE
^mfm Ho$ joÌ _| K¥Um H$m Zht, ào_ Am¡a gm¡hmЩ H$m ñWmZ hmoZm Mm{hE - Ho$.EZ. gw~«_Ê`_²
A§H$ 28
amOVa§{JUr
""{~XmB©''
lr Or.Ama. _rUm, Am`wº$
lr Ama.Ho$. Vbm{O`m, {Zd¥Îm_mZ Ana Am`wº$
H$mo {~XmB© àVrH$ XoVo hþE
""A{^Z§XZ''
lr dr. h[ahaZ, Am`wŠV (Anrëg) Ûmam
lr Ama.Ho$. Vbm{O`m H$m
naånamJV A{^Z§XZ
""ñn§XZ''
{~XmB© H$m ñn§XZ _hgyg H$aVo hþE
_Zmoa§OZ Ed§ H$ë`mU Šb~ Ho$ gXñ`JU
{hÝXr Ho$ {~Zm ^maV H$s amï´>r`Vm H$s ~mV H$aZm ì`W© h¡ - dr.dr. {Jar
A§H$ 28
amOVa§{JUr
àW_ nwañH¥$V {Z~§Y
ì`mdhm[aH$ H${R>ZmB©`m| H$mo g_PZm h¡, Xya
H$m`m©b`rZ H$m`© _| {hÝXr H$m à`moJ Am¡a AmZo dmbr H$aZm h¡Ÿ&
H${R>ZmB©`m±, `h EH$ Eogm {df` h¡, {Og_| àË`oH$ H$m _V {^Þ ah
H$m`m©b`rZ H$m`© _| {hÝXr H$m à`moJ
gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& CŠV {df` _| {bIZo Ho$ nyd© Ohm± `h Amdí`H$ h¡ {H$
~‹T>mZo Ho$ {bE A{YH$m[a`m| Ûmam àmoËgm{hV
{hÝXr h_mar _mV¥^mfm, amO^mfm h¡Ÿ&
{Z{VZ O¡Z
{H$`m OmZm Mm{hE, {hÝXr H$m A{YH$ go
(boImH$ma)
{hÝXr Omo h_mar amO^mfm h¡, CgHo$ A{YH$m{YH$ à`moJ go hr A{YH$ à`moJ hmo, Eogo H$m`© {H$E OmZm Mm{hEŸ,
Xoe H$m {dH$mg g§^d h¡Ÿ& EH$ ^mfm Cg Xoe H$s nhMmZ hmoVr h¡ Am¡a {hÝXr H$m à`moJ H$aZo dmbo A{YH$mar/H$_©Mmar H$mo àmoËgm{hV
^mfm H$^r-^r Xoe Ho$ {dH$mg _| ì`dYmZ CËnÝZ Zht H$aVr h¡ {H$`m OmZm Mm{hE, Z {H$ {hÝXr H$m à`moJ H$aZo go amoH$m OmZm
daZ² {dH$mg _| `moJXmZ XoVr h¡Ÿ& dV©_mZ _|, àMbZ `h Mb n‹S>m h¡ Mm{hEŸ&
{H$ {hÝXr Ho$ à`moJ go Amn CÞ{V Ho$ {eIa na Zht nhþ±M gH$Vo h¢Ÿ&
A{YH$mar Ed§ H$_©Mm[a`m| H$mo {hÝXr Ho$ g_w{MV à`moJ H$m
h_mao nmg H$B© Xoem| Ho$ CXmhaU h¢, {OÝhm|Zo AnZr ^mfm H$mo à{ejU {X`m OmZm Mm{hEŸ& d¡go Vmo _Ü`àXoe H$mo {hÝXr Ho$ "H$'
AnZmE hþE CÞ{V H$s h¡, {Og_| à_wI h¢, MrZ Ed§ OmnmZŸ& BZ joÌ _| _mZm J`m h¡, {\$a ^r {hÝXr H$mo H$m`m©b`rZ H$m`© _| à`moJ _|
Xoem| Zo H$^r ^r {dH$mg Ho$ _mJ© _| AnZr _mV¥^mfm H$mo ê$H$mdQ> Zht bmZo Ho$ {bE àmoËgm{hV {H$`m OmZm Amdí`H$ h¡Ÿ&
g_Pm Am¡a CÝZ{V H$sŸ&
{hÝXr H$m H$m`m©b`rZ à`moJ H$aZo _| ì`{º$ H$mo e_© _hgyg
Bg Xoe _| {\$a ^r `h _mZ{gH$Vm Am_AmX_r H$s ~Zr hþB© h¡ Zht hmoZm Mm{hE, Jm¡ad _hgyg hmoZm Mm{hE, CŠV Jm¡ad V^r
{H$ h_ h_mar _mV¥^mfm H$mo AnZmH$a {dH$mg Zht H$a gH$Vo h¢Ÿ& _hgyg hmoJm O~ Cgo àmoËgm{hV {H$`m OmEŸ&
`h _mZ{gH$Vm ~ZZo _| EH$ df© Zht bJm h¡, ~pëH$ h_mao Xoe _|
{hÝXr Ho$ H$m`m©b`rZ à`moJ _| AmZo dmbr H${R>ZmB©`m| _| EH$
CŠV _mZ{gH$Vm H$mo nZnZo _| H$B© df© bJoŸ& `h ^r ghr Zht h¡ {H$ ^y{_H$m H$m`m©b`rZ à`moJ Ho$ A{Y{Z`_, {Z`_ H$s ahr h¡Ÿ&
CŠV _mZ{gH$Vm H$mo Am_ OZ Zo Eogo hr ñdrH$ma H$a {b`m h¡, A{Y{Z`_ H$m {hÝXr _| CnbãY hmoZm Amdí`H h¡, {OgH$s
~pëH$ {hÝXr _| g§gmYZm| H$s AZwnbãYVm Zo ^r ^y{_H$m {Z^mB© h¡Ÿ& CnbãYVm dV©_mZ _| hmo JB© h¡, naÝVw Cg_| à`moJ H$s ZB© ^mfm
gab hmoZm Mm{hE {Oggo {H$ {Z`_m| H$mo g_PZo _| H$moB© H${R>ZmB© Zm
hmoŸ& gmW hr, {hÝXr H$m _mZH$ ñdê$n hr à`moJ _| bm`m OmEŸ&
A{hÝXr ^mfr A{YH$m[a`m|/H$_©Mm[a`m| H$mo {hÝXr Ho$ H$m`m©b`rZ
à`moJ H$m à{ejU {X`m OmZm Amdí`H$ h¡, `h à{ejU
Am¡nMm[aH$Vm Z hmo, Bg ~mV H$m {deof Ü`mZ {X`m OmZm Mm{hEŸ&
àm`… `h XoIm J`m h¡ {H$ {hÝXr H$m à`moJ H$aZo na Hw$N> d[að>
A{YH$m[a`m| Ûmam CŠV à`moJ Z H$aZo H$s {hXm`V Xr OmVr h¡,
{hÝXr H$m à`moJ ~‹T>mZo Ho$ {bE h_| H$m`m©b`rZ à{H«$`m Ho$ {OgHo$ nrN>o H$maU `h {X`m OmVm h¡ {H$ CZHo$ {hÝXr H$m kmZ Aën
g¡Õm§{VH$ ñdê$n _| Zht OmZm h¡ ~pëH$ BgHo$ ì`mdhm[aH$ ê$n, h¡Ÿ& AV… Bg ~mV H$m ^r {deof Ü`mZ aIm OmZm Mm{hE {H$ {hÝXr Ho$
AmO H$m`m©b`rZ n[aàoú` _| {hÝXr H$m à`moJ {ZåZV_ ñVa
na h¡Ÿ& àË`oH$ H$m`m©b`m| _| {hÝXr Ho$ à`moJ H$m Ü`mZ V~ AmVm h¡,
O~ {gVå~a _mh AmVm h¡, {hÝXr {Xdg AmVm h¡Ÿ& {hÝXr Ho$ à`moJ
H$mo ~‹T>mZo Ho$ {bE àË`oH$ df© 14 {gVå~a ({hÝXr {Xdg) H$mo
`moOZmE± ~ZmB© OmVr h¢ Am¡a g^r à{H«$`m _hO EH$ H$mJOr
H$m`©dmhr ah OmVr h¢Ÿ&
Xygam| H$s ^mdZmAm| H$m gå_mZ H$s{OE, bmoJ Amngo ào_ H$aZo bJ|Jo - AkmV
59
amOVa§{JUr
Aën kmZr H$mo gm_mÝ` ê$n go à`moJ H$m à{ejU {X`m OmEŸ&
H$m`m©b`rZ H$m`© _| {hÝXr H$m à`moJ Ho$ÝÐr` gaH$ma Ho$
H$m`m©b`m| H$s Anojm amÁ` emgZ Ho$ H$m`m©b`m| _| nyU© ê$n go {H$`m
OmVm h¡Ÿ& h_| CŠV ~mV H$mo Ü`mZ _| aIH$a h_mao à`moJ _| AmZo
dmbr H${R>ZmB©`m| H$mo CZ amÁ` emgZ Ho$ H$m`m©b`m| go gånH©$ H$a
Xya H$aZm Mm{hEŸ&
H$m`m©b`rZ H$m`© _| {hÝXr à`moJ Am¡a H${R>ZmB©`m| H$mo Xya
H$aZm, `h à{H«$`m V^r nyU© hmoJr, O~ `h à{H«$`m ì`mdhm[aH$ ê$n
go nyU© H$aZm CX²>Xoí` hmoJmŸ& h_| Bg ~mV H$m {deof Ü`mZ aIZm
Mm{hE {H$ {hÝXr h_mar _mV¥^mfm, amO^mfm h¡ Am¡a O~ VH$ àË`oH$
ì`{º$ H$s ^mdZm {hÝXr Ho$ à{V `h Zht hmoJr, V~ VH$ {hÝXr H$mo
`Wmo{MV ñWmZ àmßV Zht hmo gHo$JmŸ& AÝV _|, {hÝXr H$m
H$m`m©b`rZ à`moJ A{Zdm`© H$a {X`m OmE Vmo CgHo$ à`moJ Ho$ _mJ© _|
AmZo dmbr H${R>ZmB©`m± AnZo Amn g_mßV hmo OmE±Jr Am¡a V~ hr h_
H$h gH|$Jo {H$ {hÝXr h_mar _mV¥^mfm h¡, amO^mfm h¡Ÿ&
{ÛVr` nwañH¥$V {Z~§Y
{hÝXr {dH$mg Ho$ à`mg
{hÝXr g_¥Õembr ^mfm hmoZo Ho$ ~mX ^r AmO VH$ {hÝXr
^mfm H$m CVZm {dH$mg Zht hmo nm`m, Š`m|? `h EH$ {df_ àíZ
h¡, O~{H$ g^r gaH$mar à`mg {H$E Om aho h¢, V~ ^r Bg
{df_Vm go H¡$go {ZOmV nmB© Om gHo$ `h ^r {dMmaUr` h¡Ÿ&
àW_ Vmo `h {H$ Bg Xoe _| gmbm| H$s Jwbm_r Ho$ ~mX Xoe
AmOmX hþAm VËníMmV ^r Bg g§X^© _| à`mgm| H$mo {g\©$ g§{dYmZ
_| XOm© hr {_bm, O~{H$ hmoZm `h Mm{hE Wm {H$ {hÝXr H$mo àm`mo{JH$
Vm¡a na boZm WmŸ& My§{H$ Bg ^mfm H$mo g§{dYmZ _| {g\©$ XOm© hr
hm{gb Wm, Vmo à`moJ H$s Amoa CVZm Ü`mZ Zht {X`m Om gH$mŸ&
VmËH$m{bH$ g_` na `{X {hÝXr H$mo à`moJ Ho$ Vm¡a na Cn`moJ
{H$`m OmVm Vmo AmO {hÝXr A{YH$m{YH$ H$m`m©b`m| _| Cn`moJr ~Z
OmVr, bo{H$Z Eogm Z hmo gH$m Am¡a {\$a Omo à`mg {H$E ^r JE Vmo
dh {g\©$ Am`moOZm| VH$ hr gr{_V ah J`oŸ&
{ÛVr` … h_ g^r `h XoI aho h¢ {H$ nyao ^maV _| hr Zht, ^maV
df©, {Og_| Amgnmg Ho$ g^r Xoe {hÝXr _| gm_mÝ` ê$n go ~mobVo h¢,
`h {H$VZr ~‹S>r {dS>å~Zm h¡ {H$ {Og Xoe VWm BgHo$ Amgnmg Ho$
BbmHo$ _| {hÝXr ~mobr d g_Pr OmVr h¡, bo{H$Z Cgr Xoe _| dh
n[a{eð>m| _| A§{H$V Zht hmoŸ& Bg g§X^© _| `h ~hþV _hËdnyU© h¡ {H$
Ohm§ ~mobr g_Pr Om gHo$ dhm§ gaH$mar H$m`© _| Š`m| Zht N>mnr
OmEŸ& `{X Bg ^mfm H$mo Ý`m`mb`, Vhgrb| Am{X ñVa na
A{YH$V_ {H$Vm~m| H$m {hÝXr de©Z {H$`m Om gHo$ Vmo `h à`moJ ^r
{hÝXr H$mo ~hþV ~‹T>mdm XoJmŸ&
Vrgam … _hËdnyU© H$maU Omo {XImB© XoVm h¡ dh h¡ joÌr`
àhbmX qgh Mm¡hmZ
{Z.lo.{b.
^mfmŸ& A~ AÝ` joÌr` ^mfmE± AnZo joÌm| _| {dÚ_mZ h¢, bo{H$Z
`{X Bg {hÝXr H$mo grIZo `m à`moJ _| àm`_ar H$jmAm| go hr Ü`mZ
{X`m OmE Vmo H$moB© H$maU Zht h¡ {H$ joÌr` ^mfm Ho$ gmW {hÝXr H$m
g_mdoe AmgmZ hmo OmVm h¡Ÿ& BZ joÌm| _| ^r {hÝXr H$mo Wmonm Z OmE,
~pëH$ bmoJm| H$mo àmoËgm{hV VWm CËgm{hV {H$`m OmE Vmo {hÝXr Ho$
{dH$mg H$s {Xem _| Am¡a ^r AÀN>o n[aUm_ àmá hmo gH$Vo h¢Ÿ& A~
VH$ Omo n[aUm_ àmá hþE h¢Ÿ& A~ VH$ Omo n[aUm_ {_bo h¢ do {g\©$
gaH$mar H$m`m©b`m| Ho$ à`moJ Ho$ AmYma na h¡§ Z gaH$ma Ho$ AmYma
naŸ& gaH$mam| Zo `{X ewê$ go Bg g§X^© _| g{H«$`Vm {XImB© hmoVr Vmo
hëbm AmO Bg ^mfm na hmo ahm h¡, dh em`X Zht hmoVmŸ Am¡a {hÝXr
na {d^mJ Vmo Š`m ^maV Ho$ g^r ^y ^mJm| _| {b{IV ê$n go {dÚ_mZ
hmoVrŸ&
{hÝXr go g§~§{YV g^r _§Ìmb` d¡go Vmo Am§{eH$ ê$n go g{H«$`
aho h¢ {\$a ^r `{X _§Ìmb` Bg_| Am¡a gwYma MmhVo Vmo H$a gH$Vo
WoŸ& àm`mo{JH$ Vm¡a na _§Ìmb` Ûmam ^r Ü`mZ Z {X`m OmZm à_wI
H$maU h¡Ÿ& {\$a ^r _§Ìmb` `{X Mmho Vmo {ZåZ gwYma {dH$mg H$mo
{Xem Xo gH$Vo h¢Ÿ& {d^mJm| _| {hÝXr ^mfm H$s nwñVH$m| H$mo àH$m{eV
{H$`m Om gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& ^maV Ho$ g^r ^y-^mJm| _| emgH$s`
H$_©Mm[a`m|-A{YH$m[a`m| H$mo ñWmZm§V[aV {H$`m OmE, {Oggo ^r
H$m`m©b`m| _| {hÝXr gwYma H$mo ~b {_boJmŸ& {hÝXr ^mfm H$mo
H$m`©H«$_m| Ho$ _mÜ`_ go àgm[aV {H$`m OmEŸ& ñHy$bm| _| A§J«oOr H$s
Vah {hÝXr ^r A{Zdm`© {df`m| _| gpå_{bV hmo OmE Vmo BgHo$
~mobZo Ho$ gmW {bIZo _| ^r à`moJ ~‹T> OmE§JoŸ& {hÝXr gmâQ>doAa Ho$
à`moJ go ^r grIZo _| gw{dYm hmo gH$Vr h¡Ÿ& AV… {hÝXr gmâQ>doAa
Ñ‹T> {ZíM`r ì`{º$ Xw{Z`m H$mo AnZo gm±Mo _| T>mb boVm h¡Ÿ- JoQ>o
60
amOVa§{JUr
H$m à`moJ CÎmamoÎma {H$`m OmEŸ& g^r dº$mAm|, amOZoVmAm|
A{YH$m[a`m| H$mo AnZo dº$ì`m| H$mo {hÝXr _| àMm[aV (àgm[aV)
{H$`m OmZm Mm{hE, {Oggo g^r dJ© Ow‹S>m hmoVm h¡ Vmo `{X `o g^r
{hÝXr H$m à`moJ, Cn`moJ H$a|Jo Vmo {ZpíMV Vm¡a na CZgo {_bZo
dmbo ì`{º$ ^r Bg ~mV H$mo g_P|Jo {H$ `{X BVZm ~‹S>m ZoVm `m
A{YH$mar ^r {hÝXr ~mob `m g_P ahm h¡ Vmo h_| ^r grIZm hmoJm,
`h {dMma Am_ bmoJm| Ho$ {Xbm| H$mo _hgyg hmoJmŸ&
g^r _§Ìmb`m| H$mo {hÝXr de©Zm| H$mo àH$m{eV H$aZm Mm{hE,
A§J«oOr {g\©$ AÝ` Xoem| Ho$ gånH©$ VH$ hr Ü`mZ X|Ÿ& ^maV _| g^r
H$mo {hÝXr _| hr H$m`© H$aZo H$m gmoMZm hmoJmŸ& ^maV _| g_mMma
_mÜ`_m| H$s Amoa ^r Ü`mZ {X`m OmZm Oê$ar h¡ {H$ ^maV _| `{X
g_mMma nÌm| Ho$ _mÜ`_ go {hÝXr H$mo gh`moJ {_bo Vmo joÌr`
^mfmAm| Ho$ nma ^r Om`m Om gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& g_mMma nÌm| _| ^r {Û^mfr
{dMma H$mo à_wIVm go boZm hmoJm Vmo em`X A{YH$m{YH$ g\$bVm
H$s Amoa Om`m Om gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& {hÝXr ^mfm Ho$ {dH$mg H$mo ~‹T>mdm XoZm
hr n`m©á Zht hmoJmŸ& Bg g§X^© _| h_| Am¡a ^r JhamB© go {dMma H$aZm
hmoJm, {Oggo Bg ^mfm _| emoY H$aZo VWm `h M_ËH$m[aH$ à^mdnyU©
^mfm Ho$ ê$n _| AnZm ñWmZ ~Zm gHo$Ÿ& ^maV Ho$ àË`oH$ ^y-^mJm| _|
àmW©Zm nÌm|, AmdoXZm| VWm {d{^Þ àH$ma Ho$ Amdí`H$VmAm| H$mo
{hÝXr ^mfm _| gabVm go àH$m{eV H$aZm Mm{hE, Vm{H$ N>moQ>o-N>moQ>o
AmdoXZm| BË`m{X _| ^r {hÝXr H$mo g_PZo _| ghm`H$ hmoJmŸ&
A§{V_ … Bg ^mfm H$mo g§{dYmZ _| ^r à_wIVm XoZm hmoJr
Z {H$ XOm©,Š`m|{H$ XO} _| embrZVm, g_¥ÕVm Zht PbH$Vr
Am¡a à_wIVm _| EH$ {damQ²>Vm hmoVr h¡, dh J[a_m hmoVr h¡ Am¡a bmoJ
Cgo AmO_mE§Jo, {Oggo J[a_m hmo, g_¥ÕVm hmoŸ& Am_ bmoJm| H$mo
XO} _| BVZ à\w$„Vm Zht {_bVr, {OVZr à_wIVm Am¡a J[a_m _|Ÿ&
{\$a ^r g_`H$s `h Ymam {hÝXr ^mfm H$mo EH$ Z EH$ {XZ g_¥ÕVm,
{dembVm Adí` XoJr, `h XoIZm hmoJm {H$ ^{dî` _| H$s g^r
H$m gh`moJ Bg ^mfm H$mo {H$VZm {_b nmVm h¡Ÿ& `h gmoMZm,
XoIZm h¡Ÿ&
V¥Vr` nwañH¥$V {Z~§Y
{hÝXr h_mao Xoe H$s amï´>^mfm h¡, {Og
àH$ma amï´> H$m gå_mZ Xoe^{º$ H$m àVrH$ h¡,
Cgr àH$ma amï´> Ho$ {d{^Þ àVrH$m| O¡go
amï´>^mfm, amï´>r` P§S>m, amï´>r` nwîn, amï´>r`
new BË`m{X H$m ^r gå_mZ {H$`m OmZm h_mam
Hw$Vw~CÔrZ hmoQ>bdmbm Z¡{VH$ H$Îm©ì` h¡Ÿ& amï´>^mfm Ho$ ê$n _| {hÝXr
H$a ghm`H$
g^r ^mfmAm| H$s amZr H$hr Om gH$Vr h¡Ÿ&
{hÝXr ^mfm Ho$ à`moJ H$s Ñ{ï> go gånyU© amï´> H$mo {ZåZ{b{IV VrZ
lo{U`m| _| ~m§Q>m J`m h¡ … ""H$'' joÌ amÁ` … _Ü`àXoe, {~hma, CÎmaàXoe BË`m{XŸ&
""I'' joÌ amÁ` … JwOamV, _hmamï´>, V{_bZmSw> BË`m{XŸ&
""J'' joÌ amÁ` … {g{¸$_, {_Omoa_, _oKmb`, {Ìnwam BË`m{XŸ&
""H$'' joÌ Ho$ amÁ`m| _| {hÝXr àW_ Am¡a A{Zdm`© ^mfm Ho$ ê$n
_| à{V{ð>V h¡Ÿ& ""I'' joÌ Ho$ amÁ`m| _| {hÝXr H$m ñWmZ {ÛVr` ^mfm
Ho$ ê$n _| BZ amÁ`m| H$s àmXo{eH$ ^mfmAm| O¡go JwOamVr, _amR>r,
V{_b BË`m{X Ho$ ~mX AmVm h¡Ÿ& ""J' joÌ Ho$ amÁ`m| _| {hÝXr ì`mnH$
àMma-àgma Ho$ ~mdOyX AZOmZ ^mfm ~Zr hþB© h¡Ÿ&
Cnamoº$ amÁ`m| _| {Og àH$ma lo{U`m| Ho$ AÝVJ©V Am_ bmoJm|
go {hÝXr H$m à`moJ H$aZo H$s Anojm H$s OmVr h¡, Cgr àH$ma
H$m`m©b`rZ H$m`m] _| emgH$s` A{YH$[a`m| Ed§ H$_©Mm[a`m| H$mo
^r Anojm H$s H$gm¡Q>r na Iam CVaZo H$s Anojm emgZ Ûmam H$s
OmVr h¡Ÿ&
My§{H$ ""H$'' joÌ Ho$ amÁ`m| _| {hÝXr àW_ Am¡a A{Zdm`© ^mfm
Ho$ ê$n _| {damO_mZ h¡Ÿ& AV… BZ amÁ`m| _| H$m`m©b`rZ H$m`m] _|
{hÝXr H$m à`moJ H$m\$s AmgmZr go gw{dYmOZH$ ê$n _| {H$`m Om
gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& BZ amÁ`m| _| pñWV H$m`m©b`mo§ Ho$ ~rM gånyU© nÌmMma
{hÝXr _| H$aZm A{YH$m[a`m| Ed§ H$_©Mm[a`m| H$m Z¡{VH$ Xm{`Ëd Ed§
H$Îm©ì` h¡Ÿ& `{X H$moB© nÌ {hÝXr _| àmá hmoVm h¡ Vmo CgH$m CËVa
{hÝXr _| hr XoZm Mm{hEŸ& AÝ` ^mfm O¡go A§J«oOr BË`m{X Ho$ _m`m
Omb _| \§$gH$a AnZr amï´>^mfm H$mo {H$gr ^r Ñ{ï> _| {VañH¥$V
{H$`m OmZm AZw{MV h¡Ÿ& H$_©Mm[a`m| H$mo ZmoQ>erQ> _| {Q>ßnUr boIZ,
{ddaU BË`m{X {hÝXr _o {bIH$a A{YH$m[a`m| H$mo àñVwV {H$`m
{hÝXr H$mo AnZmE {~Zm amï´>r` EH$Vm g§^d Zht - AmMm`© H¥$nbmZr
61
amOVa§{JUr
OmZm Mm{hE Ed§ A{YH$m[a`m| H$mo ^r {hÝXr ^mfm Ho$ à`moJ g{hV
Cg ZmoQ>erQ> H$mo AmJo ~‹T>mZm Mm{hEŸ&
g^r àH$ma Ho$ AmXoem| H$mo {hÝXr _| Omar {H$`m OmZm Mm{hEŸ&
`{X H$moB© AmXoe A§J«oOr ^mfm _| Omar H$aZm Amdí`H$ hmo Vmo Cgo
{Û^mfr AWm©V {hÝXr Am¡a A§J«oOr _| Omar H$aZm gw{ZpíMV {H$`m
OmZm Mm{hEŸ& A{YgyMZm, n[anÌ, kmnZ BË`m{X H$mo ^r {hÝXr _|
Omar {H$`m OmZm Amdí`H$ hmoZm Mm{hEŸ& My§{H$ emgZ Ûmam {hÝXr
H$m ì`mnH$ àMma-àgma gånyU© amï´> _| {Za§Va {H$`m Om ahm h¡,
AV… Cgr H«$_ _| ""H$'' joÌ Ho$ amÁ`m| _| {hÝXr H$m à`moJ bJ^J
eV-à{VeV Ho$ H$ar~ hmo J`m h¡Ÿ&
""H$'' joÌ Ho$ amÁ`m| _| pñWV H$m`m©b`m| _| {hÝXr Ho$ à`moJ _|
H$B© H${R>ZmB`m§ ^r gm_Zo AmVr ahVr h¢Ÿ& H$B© ~ma A{YH$mar AWdm
H$_©Mmar {hÝXr H$m à`moJ H$aZm {ZåZ ñVa H$m g_PVo h¢, AV…
{hÝXr Ho$ ~Xbo A§J«oOr H$m à`moJ H$aZm AnZr emZ Am¡a ~‹S>ßnZ
g_PVo h¢Ÿ& Bg pñW{V _| g_PXma A{YH$mar AWdm H$_©Mmar Eogo
VWmH${WV CÀM dJ© Ho$ bmoJm| go AZwamoY Ed§ àmW©Zm H$aVo h¢ {H$
{hÝXr H$m à`moJ H$a Z Ho$db AnZr emZ ~‹T>mE§, A{nVw amï´> H$mo
gå_mZ Ed§ emZ Ho$ V»V na {dam{OV H$aZo _| AnZm ~hþ_yë`
`moJXmZ Xod|Ÿ&
H$B© ~ma BZ ""H$'' joÌ Ho$ amÁ`m| _| Eogo A{YH$m[a`m| H$m
ñWmZm§VaU Ed§ nXñWmnZm hmo OmVr h¡ Omo {H$ ""J'' joÌ Ho$ amÁ`m|
go g§~§{YV hmoVo h¢Ÿ& {dÚmb`rZ Ed§ _hm{dÚmb`rZ AÜ``Z _| `h
A{YH$mar AWdm H$_©Mmar {hÝXr Ho$ AÜ``Z go d§{MV ah OmVo h¢Ÿ&
hmbm§{H$ emgZ Ho$ AWH$ à`mgm| Ed§ àMma-àgma go gånyU© amï´> _|
{hÝXr H$m AÜ``Z gwMmê$ ê$n go Mb ahm h¡Ÿ& AV… `h g_ñ`m ^r
Yrao-Yrao Cgr àH$ma O‹S> go g_má hmo OmEJr, {Og àH$ma AJ«§oOm|
H$mo Bg Xoego AnZm ~mo[a`m {~ñVa g_oQ>Zm n‹S>mŸ&
""I'' joÌ Ho$ amÁ`m| O¡go _hmamï´>, JwOamV, V{_bZmSw>,
H$Zm©Q>H$ BË`m{X _| BZ amÁ`m| H$s àmXo{eH$ ^mfmE§ O¡go _amR>r,
JwOamVr, V{_b, H$Þ‹S> BË`m{X àW_ ^mfm Ho$ ê$n _| gwemo{^V h¡
Ed§ {hÝXr H$m à`moJ {ÛVr` ^mfm Ho$ ê$n _| {H$`m Om ahm h¡Ÿ& naÝVw
`h amÁ` AbJ amï´> Z hmoH$a ^maV amï´> Ho$ amÁ` h¡Ÿ& AV… BZ
amÁ`m| _| ^r {hÝXr àW_ Ed§ A{Zdm`© ^mfm Ho$ ê$n _| gå_m{ZV
hmoZm Amdí`H$ h¡Ÿ& emgZ Ho$ AWH$ à`mgm| Ed§ {hÝXr Ho$ ì`mnH$
àMma-àgma go gH$mamË_H$ n[aUm_ gm_Zo Am aho h¢ Ed§ {hÝXr H$m
{Za§Va à`moJ H$aZo Ho$ {bE Z Ho$db BZ amÁ`m| Ho$ Am_ bmoJ, A{nVw
H$m`m©b`m| _| nXñW A{YH$mar Ed§ H$_©Mmar ^r àmoËgm{hV hmo aho h¢Ÿ&
""I'' joÌ Ho$ amÁ`m| _| pñWV H$m`m©b`m| _| nXñW A{YH$mar Ed§
H$_©Mmar A~ {hÝXr H$m à`moJ H$aZm AnZr emZ g_PVo h¢Ÿ&
nÌmMma {hÝXr _| {H$`m Om ahm h¡Ÿ& AmXoem|, A{YgyMZm, n[anÌ,
kmnZ BË`m{X H$mo {hÝXr _| Omar {H$`m Om ahm h¡Ÿ& ZmoQ>erQ> {hÝXr
_| {bIr Om ahr h¡Ÿ&
""I''joÌ Ho$ amÁ`m| _| {hÝXr H$m ì`mnH$ àMma-àgma hmoZo Ho$
~mdOyX BZ àXoem| H$s VWmH${WV ~mhþ~{b Ed§ amOZr{VH$ e{º$`m§
{hÝXr Ho$ à`moJ H$s amh _| AZmdí`H$ ê$H$mdQ> H$m H$maU ~Zr hþB©
h¡Ÿ& BZ e{º$`m| H$mo Ho$db AnZr amoQ>r g|H$Zo Ed§ AZw{MV
{H«$`mH$bmnm| _| brZ ahZm hr lo`ñH$a bJVm h¡Ÿ& ^maV _mVm Ho$
{bE `moJXmZ XoZo Ed§ {hÝXr H$m à`moJ ~‹T>mZo _| BÝh| AnZm H$moB©
\$m`Xm {XImB© Zht XoVm h¡Ÿ& naÝVw g_mMma nÌm|, XyaXe©Z M¡Zbm|
BË`m{X Zo {hÝXr H$m ì`mnH$ àMma-àgma H$aZo Ed§ {hÝXr H$m
{Za§Va à`moJ ~‹T>mZo _| emgZ H$mo AnZm ~hþ_yë` `moJXmZ XoH$a BZ
VWmH${WV ~mhþ~{b Ed§ amOZr{VH$ e{º$`m| H$mo {H$Zmao na Aghm`
I‹S>m H$a {X`m h¡Ÿ& A~ ""I'' joÌ Ho$ amÁ`m| _| {hÝXr H$mo amï´>^mfm Ho
$ê$n _| gå_mZ XoH$a H$m`©b`rZ H$m`© _| {hÝXr H$m à`moJ eVà{VeV Ho$ ~am~a H$aZo Ho$ gamhZr` à`mg {H$E Om aho h¢Ÿ&
""J'' joÌ Ho$ amÁ`m| _| AmOmXr Ho$ gmR> df© ~rV OmZo Ed§
ì`mnH$ àMma-àgma Ho$ ~mdOyX {hÝXr EH$ AZOmZ ^mfm ~Zr hþB©
h¡Ÿ& `hm§ pñWV H$m`m©b`m| _| {hÝXr H$m H$m\$s H$_ à`moJ {H$`m Om
ahm h¡, Omo {H$ h_ ^maVdm{g`m| Ho$ {bE Xw…IXm`r h¡Ÿ& emgZ H$m
Ü`mZ BZ amÁ`m| _| {hÝXr H$mo EH$ gå_mZr` ^mfm Ho$ ê$n _|
{dH${gV H$aZo H$s Va\$ h¡Ÿ& `h XoIH$a H$m\$s gwIX bJVm h¡ {H$
H$B© ~ma BZ amÁ`m| O¡go _{Unwa, {_Omoa_, ZmJmb¢S> BË`m{X H$m
{Zdmgr {H$gr XyaXe©Z M¡Zb, ZmQ>H$m|, {\$ë_m| BË`m{X _| {hÝXr H$m
à`moJ H$m\$s gab Am¡a gw{dYmOZH$ ê$n go H$aVm h¡, {Og àH$ma
H$hm OmVm h¡ {H$ Xr`m ObmZo go amoeZr Adí` hmoVr h¡Ÿ& Cgr àH$ma
h_ H$h gH$Vo h¢ {H$ gånyU© ^maVdm{g`m| Ho$ ~hþ_yë` `moJXmZ go
{hÝXr gånyU© amîQ´> _| EH$ g_mZ ê$n go {ZaVa à`moJ _| AmVr ahoJr
Am¡a Cgr àH$ma grZm VmZ H$a J{Verb ahoJr, {Og àH$ma OJV
H$m amOm eoa {ZS>a hmoH$a MbVm ahVm h¡Ÿ& A§V _| h_ H$h gH$Vo
h¢_Oh~ Zht {gImVm Amng _| ~¡a aIZmŸ&
{hÝXr h¡ h_ dVZ h¢ {hÝXwñVm§ h_mamŸ&
gmao Ohm§ go AÀN>m {hÝXmoñVm§ h_mamŸ&
{hÝXr ^maV _m± Ho$ bbmQ> H$s {~ÝXr h¡ - e§H$aX`mb qgh
62
amOVa§{JUr
hrambmb {J[a
AYrjH$,
Ho$.C.ew.
BÝXm¡a
g§ñH¥$V gm{hË` Ho$ _hmH${d H$m{bXmg H$m Zm_ {díd Ho$
_hmZV_² H${d`m| _| {b`m OmVm h¡, na Bg _hmH${d Ho$ {df` _|
àm_m{UH$ OmZH$mar AË`ÝV Aën h¡Ÿ& CZHo$ gå~ÝY _| Omo H$Wm
n‹T>Zo-gwZZo _| AmVr h¡ CgHo$ AZwgma EH$ amOm H$s {dX²`moÎm_m Zm_
H$s EH$ H$Ý`m WrŸ& dh AË`ÝV {dXwfr WrŸ& EH$ ~ma O~ amOnwamo{hV
H$moB© íbmoH$ n‹T> aho Wo Vmo {dX²`moÎm_m Zo Cg_| JbVr nH$‹S> br Am¡a
CgH$m ewÕ nmR> ~Vbm`mŸ& amOnwamo{hV H$mo `h ~mV ~war bJrŸ&
CÝhm|Zo {dX²`moÎm_m go ~Xbm boZo H$s R>mZ brŸ& {dX²`moÎm_m O~ ã`mh
`mo½` hþB© Vmo Cg H$mb H$s àWm Ho$ AZwgma amOm Zo amOnwamo{hV H$mo
CgHo$ {bE EH$ gw`mo½` da Ty>±‹T>Zo H$mo H$hmŸ& amOnwamo{hV Hw$N> n§{S>Vm|
Ho$ gmW da Ty>±‹T>Zo {ZH$b n‹S>oŸ& amñVo _| CÝh| EH$ ì`{ŠV {XIm Omo
{Og S>mb na ~¡R>m Wm Cgr H$mo H$mQ> ahm WmŸ& n§{S>Vm| H$mo bJm Bggo
~‹S>m _yI© Am¡a H$hm± {_boJmŸ& CÝhm|Zo Cg ì`{º$ H$mo no‹S> go CVmam
Am¡a ~hbm-\w$gbmH$a N>bnyd©H$ CgH$s emXr {dX²`moÎm_m go H$adm
XrŸ& N>bnd©H$ H$admB© JB© Bg emXr H$m {H$ñgm ^r H$_ amoMH$ Zht
h¡Ÿ& n§{S>Vm| Zo amOm H$mo ~Vbm`m {H$ da Xod Jwé ~¥hñn{V Ho$ g_mZ
kmZr h¡, na AmOH$b CZH$m _m¡Zd«V Mb ahm h¡, AV… Cggo H$moB©
àíZ Z nyN>m OmEŸ& _m¡Z d«V H$s ~mV gwZH$a {dX²`moÎm_m Zo g§Ho$Vm| go
àíZ nyN> H$a da H$s `mo½`Vm H$m nVm H$aZm MmhmŸ& CgZo EH$ C§Jbr
{XImB© {OgH$m Ame` `h Wm {H$ ~«÷ EH$ h¡Ÿ& na H$m{bXmg Zo
g_Pm {H$ dh CZH$s EH$ Am±I \$mo‹S>Zo H$mo H$h ahr h¡, AV… CÝhm|Zo
Xmo C§J{b`m± {XIm XrŸ& CZH$m Ame` Wm {H$ _¢ Vwåhmar XmoZm| Am±I|
\$mo‹S> Xy±JmŸ& n§{S>Vm| Zo Bg na VH©$ {X`m {H$ H$m{bXmg Or `h H$hZm
Mmh aho h¢ {H$ ~«÷ Ho$ Xmo ñdê$n h¢Ÿ& EH$ na_mË_m H$m Omo A{ZË`
Am¡a gd©ì`mnr h¡, Xygam AmË_m H$m Omo g^r Ordm| _| dmg H$aVm h¡Ÿ&
Bgr Vah {dX²`moÎm_m Zo nm±M C§J{b`m± {XImB©; VmËn`© Wm {H$ àH¥${V
H$m {Z_m©U nm±M VÎdm| go hþAm h¡Ÿ& na H$m{bXmg Zo g_Pm {H$ dh
Wßn‹S> {XIm ahr h¡Ÿ& AV… CÝhm|Zo Ky§gm (_wÆ>r) {XIm`mŸ& n§{S>Vm| Zo
VH©$ {X`m {H$ H$m{bXmg Or H$hZm Mmh aho h¢ {H$ n§M VËdm| Ho$ _ob go
Ord H$m {Z_m©U hmoVm h¡Ÿ&
am{Ì Ho$ g_` e`ZH$j _| Hw$N> AmdmO gwZ H$a {dX²`moÎm_m Zo
H$hm, ""`h H¡$gr AmdmO h¡?'' H$m{bXmg Ho$ _wI go "CQ²>' eãX
{ZH$b J`mŸ& ~ma-~ma CQ²>, CQ²> gwZH$a {dX²`moÎm_m H$mo `h g_PVo
Xoa Z bJr {H$ CgHo$ gmW N>b hþAm h¡Ÿ& g§ñH¥$V _| D±$Q> H$mo "Cï²>'
H$hVo h¡Ÿ& "CQ²>' Vmo AZn‹T>, J±dmam| H$s ^mfm h¡Ÿ& {\$a Š`m Wm,
{dX²`moÎm_m Zo H$m{bXmg H$mo YŠHo$ XoH$a amO_hb go ~mha H$a
{X`mŸ&
nËZr go An_m{ZV H$m{bXmg H$mer Mbo JEŸ& dhm± CÝhm|Zo
{dÚm AÜ``Z {H$`m Am¡a nma§JV hmo bm¡Q>oŸ& bm¡Q>Zo na CÝhm|Zo nËZr
go XadmOm ImobZo Ho$ {bE H$hm, ""Ûma§ Xo{h'' AWm©V² XadmOm
nyOZr` H$s à{VîR>m go hr g_mO H$m {dH$mg g§^d h¡ - MmUŠ`
63
amOVa§{JUr
ImobmoŸ& ~agm| ~mX ^r {dX²`moÎm_m Zo n{V H$s AmdmO nhMmZ br
Am¡a H$hm ""ApñV H$píMX² dmp½deof…'' AWm©V² Š`m ~mobZo _| A~
Hw$N> {deofVm h¡? nËZr Ûmam H$ho VrZ eãXm| go H$m{bXmg Zo VrZ
J«§Wm| H$s aMZm H$sŸ& Hw$_ma gå^d_², _oKXyV_² Ed§ aKwd§e_ BZH$s
H$mbO`r aMZmE± h¢Ÿ& BZ _hmZ aMZmAm| Ho$ aMZmH$ma H$m AÝV H¡$go
hþAm BgH$s H$moB© àm_m{UH$ OmZH$mar Zht {_bVrŸ& OZlw{V h¡ {H$
qghb Xoe (A~ lrb§H$m) Ho$ amOm Ho$ Am_§ÌU na H$m{bXmg qghb
Xoe JE WoŸ& dhm± do A{V{W J¥h _| e`Z H$a aho WoŸ& AMmZH$ H${d H$s
ZtX IwbrŸ& CÝh| bJm ~mha H$moB© h¡Ÿ& H${d Zo XoIm ~mha A{V{WJ¥h
_| EH$ `wdVr Mhb-H$X_r H$a ahr h¡Ÿ& dh H$m\$s naoemZ bJ ahr
WrŸ& H${d Ho$ nyN>Zo na CgZo AnZr g_ñ`m ~VmB©. CgZo Omo Hw$N>
~Vm`m CgHo$ AZwgma dh qghb Xoe Ho$ amOm H$s ào{_H$m WrŸ&
CgH$m amOm go {ddmh hmoZo dmbm WmŸ& na {ddmh nyd© amOm Zo EH$ eV©
aI XrŸ& amOm Zo EH$ n§{º$ Xr Am¡a Xygar n§{º$ nyam H$aZo H$mo H$hm,
n§{º$ Wr ""gwZm h¡ na XoIm Zht EH$ H$_b
H$mo Xygao H$_b na {IbVoŸ&''
BgH$s Xygar n§{º$ nyU© H$aZo na hr amOm Cggo {ddmh H$aVmŸ&
amOm H$s ào{_H$m Bg n§{º$ H$mo boH$a hr naoemZ WrŸ& Cggo Xygar
n§{º$ nyar Zht hmo nm ahr WrŸ& H$m{bXmg Zo Bg dmŠ` H$mo gwZH$a
H$hm ""{H$ÝVw gwÝXar Voao H$_b g_mZ _wI‹S>o na
Xmo H$_b Z`Z h¢ Š`m| H$a {XIVoŸ&''
BVZm gwZVo hr `wdVr Ho$ Mohao na Iwer H$s bha Xm¡‹S> JB©Ÿ&
Cgo AnZm gnZm nyam hmoVm ZOa Am`mŸ& CgZo H${d H$m Am^ma
_mZm Am¡a AnZo e`Z H$j _| Mbr JB©Ÿ& _hmH${d ^r AnZo
e`ZH$j _| Mbo JEŸ& na `wdVr H$s Am±Im| _| ZtX ZhtŸ& dh H$adQ>|
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{j{VO AMmZH$ H$mbm gm {XIZo bJmŸ& gmW hr {~Obr M_H$Zo
bJr Am¡a R>§S> VWm nmZr H$s ~y±X| eara H$mo Km`b H$aZo bJoŸ& YraoYrao hdm AnZr aâVma ~XbH$a Am±Yr H$m ê$n YmaU H$aZo bJrŸ&
VwaÝV h_Zo gwajm Ho$ Vm¡a na Zm¡H$m Ho$ nX} H$mo N>moQ>m-gm H$a {X`mŸ&
Bg Vah Am±Yr, {~Obr Am¡a ~m[ae, BZ VrZ àH$ma Ho$ g§H$Q>m| go
h_ EH$ gmW {Ka JEŸ& gmJa Zo am¡Ð AdVma YmaU H$a {b`mŸ&
20/25 \$sQ> H$s bha| h_mao gm_Zo ^yV H$s Vah ZmMZo bJrŸ&
Am±Yr Ho$ H$maU EH$ OJh aIr gmar MrO|, Xm±`| go ~m±`| Am¡a ~m±`| go
Xm±`| Am¡a ~mX _| g~ Va\$ {~IaZo bJrŸ& Cg Xm¡amZ h_| EH$ OJh
`mÌm nW
~¡R>Zm ^r Zm_wZ{H$Z hmo J`mŸ& gmoZm Vmo Ag§^d Wm hrŸ& Eogr
ào_ go Aà{V_ gm¡ÝX`© h¡, na BgH$m Xoh go H$moB© gå~ÝY Zht h¡ - AkmV
67
amOVa§{JUr
_wå~B©), a_oe ghOdmbm (AYrjH$, _wå~B©), eoI EM.Ama.
(AYrjH$, _wå~B©), nmoËXma Ama.Eg. (AYrjH$, _wå~B©), amOJwé
A{Zb (AYrjH$, _wå~B©), {gÝhm AemoH$ Hw$_ma (AYrjH$,
_wå~B©), {S>gyOm Ho${ZW ({ZdmaH$ A{YH$mar), amd nr.Ho$.
({ZarjH$, _wå~B©), lr_Vr amohZm eoÅ>r ({ZdmaH$ A{YH$mar,
_wå~B©), lr_Vr S>r. Amo{~«Amo bm[agm (AYrjH$, _wå~B©)Ÿ&
Bg gmh{gH$ A{^`mZ _| _wå~B© go go{gëg VH$ àdmg _| _¢Zo
^mJ {b`mŸ& `h àdmg 15 {XZ {ZaÝVa MbVm ahm Am¡a {~Zm H$moB©
~mYm Ho$ ahmŸ& na O~ VH$ h_ go{gëg nhþ±Mo naXo H$m Am¡a Zm¡H$m Ho$
D$na hmoZo dmbo N>moQ>r-_moQ>r MrOm| H$mo gwYadmZo H$m H$m_ {ZH$bmŸ&
O~ VH$ dmo gwYma hmo OmE V~ VH$ BÎmo\$mH$ go h_| _¢ Am¡a gd©lr
A{Zb amOJwé, Ho${ZW {S>gyOm Am¡a AemoH$ Hw$_ma {gÝhm H$mo
""àm{bZ'' Zm_ H$m Am` ~°ÝS> Omo Z¡g{J©H$ gm¡ÝX`© Ho$ {bE Xw{Z`m _|
_ehÿa h¡ Am¡a {Og_| {\$ë_r Xw{Z`m dmbo eyqQ>J Ho$ {bE AmVo h¢,
dhm± OmZo H$m _m¡H$m {_bm, dh ^r N>moQ>o go hdmB©-OhmO goŸ&
gM_wM, `hm± H$m O§Jb ~hþV KZm Am¡a gwÝXa h¡Ÿ& `hm± H$m
gmJa ~hþV hr ñdÀN>, gwÝXa
Am¡a Zrbm h¡Ÿ& `hm± H$moaëg
~hþV {_bVo h¢Ÿ& "go{gëg"
`h Xw{Z`m _| EH$_mÌ Xoe h¡,
Ohm± EH$ {d{eï> àH$ma H$m
Zm[a`b O¡gm no‹S>, {Ogo `hm±
"The Coco De Mer
Palm" H$hVo h¢, XoIZo H$mo
{_bVo h¢Ÿ& Bg no‹S> H$s
gZ² 1997 _wå~B© g¡{gëg àdmg Ho$ Xm¡amZ
{deofVm `h h¡ {H$ Bg no‹S> na bJZo dmbo Zm[a`b Ho$ \$b H$m
AnZo Xb Ho$ gmW _Ü` _| boIH$
AmH$ma Zmar H$s `mo{Z O¡gm {XIVm h¡ Am¡a gmW hr no‹S> na nwéf Ho$
qbJ O¡gm {XIZo dmbm \$b ^r {XImB© XoVm h¡Ÿ& `h {dYmVm H$m Bgr{bE ImZo H$s gmar MrO| ^maV Am¡a AmñQ´>o{b`m go Am`mV
M_ËH$ma hr g_P|Ÿ& Bg Xoe _| Bg no‹S> H$mo {deof ñWmZ àmßV h¡Ÿ& H$aVo h¢Ÿ& ì`mnma H$aZo dmbo bmoJ Am_Vm¡a na ^maVr` h¢Ÿ& `hm±
Bg Xoe _| Bg \$b H$mo ~oMZm _Zm h¡Ÿ& Bgo Bg Xoe Ho$ ~mha bo OmZo ^«ï>mMma Zht Ho$ ~am~a h¡Ÿ& `hm± Ho$ bmoJ AZwemgZ ng§X h¢Ÿ&
H$s AZw_{V ^r Zht Xr OmVr h¡Ÿ&
Bg Xoe Ho$ gr_m ewëH$ _hm{ZXoemb` H$m h_Zo ^«_U {H$`m
`h Xoe N>moQ>o-N>moQ>o Am`b¡ÊS> go ~Zm hþAm h¡Ÿ& Eogm H$hm OmVm Am¡a h_mao _w»` Am`wŠV H$m ew^H$m_Zm g§Xoe CZH$mo {X`mŸ& gmV
h¡ {H$ nyd© _| Bg Am`b¡ÊS> Ho$ D±$Mo nd©V H$m Cn`moJ Xya-Xya go AmZo {XZ Ho$ ~mX _¢ Am¡a gd©lr Eg.nr. qgJ, Ho${ZW {S>gyOm Xb go
dmbo OhmO H$m nVm H$aZo _| hþAm H$aVm WmŸ& Am¡a O~ OhmO AbJ hmoH$a hdmB© OhmO go _wå~B© AmE Am¡a gd©lr E.Ho$. Xmg,
A{Zb amOJwé, gwÝÐogZ Xb _| em{_b hmo Cgr {XZ H$ßVmZ
ZOXrH$ AmVm Wm V~ Cg na gm_y{hH$ byQ>_ma hþAm H$aVr WrŸ&
naXoer Ho$ gmW _mbXrd Ho$ {bE admZm hmo JEŸ&
A~ `h Xoe ñdV§Ì h¡Ÿ& n`©Q>Z hr `hm± H$m _w»` ì`dgm` h¡Ÿ&
`hm± Ho$ bmoJ [\$qeJ ^r H$aVo h¢Ÿ& IoVr `hm± Zht Ho$ ~am~a h¡Ÿ& _wå~B©-lrb§H$m-qgJmnwa-~¢H$m°H$ (\y$Ho$Q>)-_wå~B©
{~Zm emar[aH$ CÝZ{V Ho$ AmÜ`mpË_H$ CÝZ{V Ag§^d h¡ - am_H¥$îU na_h§g
68
amOVa§{JUr
(2000)
`h _oam Vrgam g\$a WmŸ& lr amo{hV Hw$_ma naXoer H$s
H$ßVmZr _| 26 OZdar 2000 go 4 Aà¡b 2000 VH$ H$m 70 {XZ
H$m bå~m g\$a g\$bVmnyd©H$ V` {H$`m, {Og_| ^mJ boZo dmbo
gXñ` {ZåZ{b{IV Wo gd©lr Eg.nr. qgJ (E.S>r.Or. ZgoZ, ZB© {Xëbr), dm`.Or.
nam§S>o (Am`wº$ gr.ew. _wå~B© Ÿ&&&), H$Z}b qgJ (g§`wº$ Am`wŠV,
gr.ew.), Eg. {_Pm°Z (§g§`wº$ Am`wŠV, _wå~B©), Jwa~Z qgJ
(g§`wº$ Am`wŠV, _wå~B©), Eg. Omog\$ (g§`wº$ Am`wŠV, _wå~B©
dV©_mZ _| BÝXm¡a nXñW), E_.EZ. åhmÌo (VËH$mbrZ AYrjH$,
gr.ew. _wå~B© dV©_mZ _| BÝXm¡a nXñW) E.ìhr. amOJwé (AYrjH$,
gr.ew.), ZJrZ nQ>ob (AYrjH$ gr.ew., _wå~B©), Ho${ZW {S>gyOm
({ZdmaH$ A{YH$mar, gr.ew., _wå~B©), amOoe nwOmar (EŠOm{_Za,
gr.ew., _wå~B©), gZV Hw$_ma(EŠOm{_Za, gr.ew., _wå~B©), Ho$.nr.
amd ({ZarjH$, _wå~B©-Ÿ&), lr_Vr Agmdar nQ>dY©Z ({ZdmaH$
A{YH$mar, _wå~B©)Ÿ&
~moQ> bJyZ _[aZm, \y$Ho$Q> na lr naXoer, lr E_.EZ. åhmÌo VWm
lr Eg. Omog\$, g§`wº$ Am`wŠV, BÝXm¡a
n‹S>oŸ& 12 {XZ Ho$ {ZaÝVa àdmg Ho$ ~mX 27 _mM© 2000 H$mo h_
H$dmaWr nh±þMoŸ& `hm± go lr Omogo\$ gmh~, nr.Ho$. amd Ho$ gmW Xb
go AbJ hmo JE Am¡a E.ìhr. amOJwé em{_b hþE, Omo {H$ EH$ AÀN>o
\$moQ>moJ«m\$a ^r h¢Ÿ& 30 _mM©, 2000 H$mo h_Zo H$dmaWr N>mo‹S>m Am¡a
Jmodm hmoVo hþE 4 Aà¡b, 2000 H$mo gw~h 6 ~Oo h_ _wå~B© nhþ±MoŸ&
h_mam AÀN>mImgm ñdmJV hþAm, `h H$hZo H$s Oê$aV Zht Š`m|{H$
Bg Q>r_ Zo nyao 70 {XZ H$m gmJa g\$a naXo dmbr Zm¡H$m Ho$ ghmao
Bg g\$a Ho$ Xm¡amZ AbJ-AbJ A{YH$mar AbJ-AbJ
{H$`m WmŸ&
OJh na em{_b hmoVo aho Am¡a Xb H$mo N>mo‹S>Vo JEŸ& Zm¡H$m O~
BZ VrZm| qgX~mX Ho$ gmJa g\$am| _| {ZgJ© Ho$ gmW ahZo H$m
qgJmnwa go 11 _mM© 2000 H$s gw~h WmBb¡ÊS> H$s amOYmZr
~¢H$m°H$ (\w$Ho$Q>) nhþ±Mr V^r gd©lr H$Z}b qgJ, Eg. {_PmZ Am¡a _m¡H$m {_bmŸ& gy`m}X` go gy`m©ñV VH$ bmb a§J g{hV gmVm| a§Jm| H$m
Z{JZ nQ>ob Xb go AbJ hþE Am¡a CZH$s OJh _¢ Am¡a lr Omogo\$ {_bmn XoIZo H$mo {_bmŸ& gyaO, {j{VO Ho$ D$na AmZo Ho$ nhbo Ho$
gmh~ Xb _| em{_b hmo JE Am¡a lr naXoer Ho$ gmW AJbo _wH$m_ Ho$ jU go aŠVm^-bmb a§J H$m Jmob gm gyaO Yrao-Yrao {j{VO Ho$
{bE Mb n‹S>oŸ& {ZH$bZo go nhbo h_ g~ WmBb¡ÊS> H$ñQ>åg Ho$ D$na AmVo g_` XoIZo H$m gm¡^m½` h_| {_bm Ohm± {j{VO Am¡a
A{YH$m[a`m| go {_bo Ed§ _wå~B© _w»` Am`wŠV, gr.ew. H$m nmZr Ho$ {gdm` Hw$N> ^r Zht WmŸ& dh gmao jU _oao _Z _|, _oao AÝVa
Mjw _| {g_Q> hþE, AmO ^r _wPo {ZíMb AmZ§X H$s AZw^y{V XoVo h¢,
ew^H$m_Zm g§Xoe {X`mŸ&
{OÝh| eãXm| _| ì`º$ H$aZm _wpíH$b h¡ naÝVw AJa Amn AZw^d H$a|
15 _mM© 2000 H$mo h_ J«oQ> {ZH$mo~ma (B§{Xam nm°B©ÝQ>) nhþ±M Vmo Amn g^r H$mo AmZ§X H$s AZw^y{V hmoJrŸ&
H$a Hw$N> [ano`[a¨J H$m_ Am¡a Hw$N> OrdZmon`moJr gm_J«r IarXH$a
16 _mM© 2000 H$mo bjÛrn H$s amOYmZr H$dmaWr Ho$ {bE {ZH$b
""AmO H$s nhbr Am¡a g~go ~‹S>r g_mO godm `h h¡ {H$ h_ AnZr Xoer ^mfmAm| H$s Amoa _w‹S>|
Am¡a {hÝXr H$mo amï´>^mfm Ho$ nX na à{V{ð>V H$a|Ÿ& h_| AnZr g^r àmXo{eH$ H$ma©dmB©`m± AnZr-AnZr
^mfmAm| _| MbmZr Mm{hE VWm h_mar amï´>r` H$ma©dmB©`m| H$s ^mfm {hÝXr hmoZr Mm{hEŸ&''
- _hmË_m Jm±Yr
^` hr nVZ Am¡a nmn H$m {ZpíMV H$maU h¡ - ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X
69
amOVa§{JUr
Xmo ào_r
H${dVm
Xmo ào_r,
Mm§XZr amV _|,
Prb Ho$ {H$Zmao,
gnZm| H$s Xw{Z`m _|,
aoV Ho$ T>oa na, AnZm _hb ~ZmVo h¢Ÿ&
Xw{Z`m go h¢ ~oI~a,
CÝh| Zht h¡ I~a,
H$b Omo AmEJm,
Š`m-Š`m Jwb {IbmEJmŸ&
{dah H$s Ja_ hdm Mbr Vmo,
aoV H$m _hb ‹T>h OmEJm,
ZmVo-[aíVo g~ hmo OmE§Jo ~oJmZo,
OrdZ hmo OmEJm ~oJmZmŸ&
ahZo Xmo-ahZo Xmo,
BÝh| ñdßZ bmoH$ _| ahZo Xmo,
ñdßZ _| hr ghr,
OrdZ H$m AmZ§X boZo Xmo,
{O§XJr ñd`§ `WmW© {XImEoJrŸ&
AnZm AZw^d ñd`§ H$aZo Xmo,
Vwåhmam H$hm Zht _mZ|Jo,
AnZo AZw^dr OrdZ H$mo,
_V CZH$m H$dM ~ZZo XmoŸ&
ñd`§ g_rjm H$aZo Xmo,
AnZr hr g_rjm go,
AnZo OrdZ H$mo gmW©H$ H$aZo Xmo,
ñd`§ g_rjm H$aZo XmoŸ&
- S>r. Hw$_ma H$må~bo
C.H$m.A., ñWmnZm-Ÿ&&, _w»`m.
Vwåhmar
{ZíMb ~o~mH$ h±gr
nmg AmH$a
Xya H$ht
hao ^ao IoVm| _|
bhbhmVr h¡Ÿ&
- amohZ O¡Z
gwnwÌ … AéU Hw$_ma O¡Z
AYrjH$ (bo.n.)
Ho$.C.ew., BÝXm¡a
H$^r {VVbr ~Z
~mJm| _| Py_Vr
àU`r ^m¢ao gr
BR>bmVr,
Jm±d OmVr
~bImVr nJS>§S>r gr
BYa-CYa JmVr h¡Ÿ&
h±gr Ho$ CVma-M‹T>md
H$mZm| go
Vwåhmam {MÌ ~ZmVr h¡Ÿ&
Vwåh| ghoOy§
nH$Sy>± V~ VH$
Vwåhmar h±gr
_oao OohZ _|
CVa OmVr h¡
Am¡a ~ÀMo H$s
{H$bH$mar ~Z
Xoa VH$ emoa _MmVr h¡Ÿ&
Am¡a Xya VH$ OmVr h¡Ÿ&
Vwåhmar h±grŸ&&
gmV H$X_ EH$ gmW MbZo go hr gX²nwéfm| _| _¡Ìr hmo OmVr h¡ - _hm^maV
70
amOVa§{JUr
nwañH$ma
_w»`mb`
{hÝXr ewÕ d gwÝXa boIZ à{V`mo{JVm
àW_ lr AVwb {ÌdoXr, H$a ghm`H$
{ÛVr` lr amOoe ñdm_r, {Z.lo.{b.
V¥Vr` lr ^maV ^yfU ~mW_, {ZarjH$
350.00
250.00
150.00
{hÝXr gm_mÝ` kmZ à{V`mo{JVm
àW_ lr AéU Hw$_ma ^mQ>r, boImH$ma
{ÛVr` lr ^maV ^yfU ~mW_, {ZarjH$
V¥Vr` lr {Z{VZ O¡Z, boImH$ma
350.00
250.00
150.00
{hÝXr {Z~ÝY à{V`mo{JVm
àW_ lr {Z{VZ O¡Z, boImH$ma
{ÛVr` lr àhbmX qgh Mm¡hmZ, {Z.lo.{b.
V¥Vr` lr Hw$Vw~wÔrZ hmoQ>bdmbm, H$a ghm`H$
BÝXm¡a à^mJ
{hÝXr ewÕ d gwÝXa boIZ à{V`mo{JVm
àW_ lr_Vr arVm ZJaH$a, AYrjH$
{ÛVr` lr _hoÝÐ O¡Z, {Z.lo.{b.
V¥Vr` lr {XZoe H$mQ>oH$a, {Z.lo.{b.
350.00
250.00
150.00
250.00
150.00
100.00
{hÝXr {Z~ÝY à{V`mo{JVm
àW_ lr_Vr arVm ZJaH$a, AYrjH$
{ÛVr` lr h[aAmo_² n§{S>V, H$a ghm`H$
V¥Vr` lr emo^m AemoH$, {ZOr g{Md
nrW_nwa à^mJ
250.00
150.00
100.00
{hÝXr ewÕ d gwÝXa boIZ à{V`mo[JVm
àW_ lr H$_bqgh S>m~r, {ZarjH$
{ÛVr` lr A{Zb {MQ>Zrg, {ZarjH$
V¥Vr` lr amOoÝÐqgh H$Zm{g`m, {gnmhr
250.00
150.00
100.00
{hÝXr {Z~ÝY à{V`mo{JVm
àW_ lr A{Zb {MQ>Zrg, {ZarjH$
{ÛVr` lr e§H$a _§S>b, {ZarjH$
V¥Vr` lr amOoÝÐ qgh H$Zm{g`m, {gnmhr
250.00
150.00
100.00
CÁO¡Z à^mJ
{hÝXr ewÕ d gwÝXa boIZ à{V`mo{JVm
àW_ lr XeaW Xm`a, {ZarjH$
{ÛVr` lr AéU AJ«dmb, d[að> H$a ghm`H$
V¥Vr` lr n§H$O Omam¡br, {ZarjH$
{hÝXr {Z~ÝY à{V`mo{JVm
àW_ lr Amerf {_lm, H$a ghm`H$
{ÛVr` lr AéU AJ«dmb, d[að> H$a ghm`H$
V¥Vr` lr nX²_qgh {ggm¡{X`m, {Z.lo.{b.
aVbm_ à^mJ
{hÝXr ewÕ d gwÝXa boIZ à{V`mo{JVm
àW_ lr à_moX e_m©, {ZarjH$
{ÛVr` lr amOrd ~mbXo, H$a ghm`H$
V¥Vr` lr amOrd ImZmnwaH$a, {ZamjH$
{hÝXr {Z~ÝY à{V`mo{JVm
àW_ lr à_moX e_m©, {ZarjH$
{ÛVr` lr amOrd ImZmnwaH$a, {ZarjH$
V¥Vr` lr EZ.Ho$. godH$, d[að> H$a ghm`H$
½dm{b`a à^mJ
{hÝXr {Z~ÝY à{V`mo{JVm
àW_ lr ZdrZ JwßVm, [ZarjH$
{ÛVr` lr e¡bof e_m©, H$a ghm`H$
V¥Vr` lr gbr_ ImZ, hoS> hdbXma
{hÝXr ewÕ Ed§ gwÝXa boIZ à{V`mo{JVm
àW_ lr gwOrV MVwd}Xr, d[að> H$a ghm`H$
{ÛVr` lr ZdrZ JwßVm, {ZarjH$
V¥Vr` lr e¡bof e_m©, H$a ghm`H$
AmB©.gr.S>r., nrW_nwa
{hÝXr ewÕ d gwÝXa boIZ à{V`mo{JVm
àW_ lr _mohZ ~|S>dmb, A.lo.{b.
{ÛVr` lr bIZ aå~m{‹S>`m, {gnmhr
V¥Vr` àdrU ewŠbm, H$a ghm`H$
^maV H$s {_Å>r _oam gdm}ÀM ñdJ© h¡ - ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X
250.00
150.00
100.00
250.00
150.00
100.00
250.00
150.00
100.00
250.00
150.00
100.00
250.00
150.00
100.00
250.00
150.00
100.00
250.00
150.00
100.00
71
amOVa§{JUr
_w»`mb`
àW_ 1. lr ~r.Eb. _mbdr`m, H$a ghm`H$, ñWm. Ÿ&& 800.00
2. Hw$. d{ZVm ZmB©H$, C.H$m.AYr., boIm narjm 800.00
{ÛVr` 3. lr ñdnZ Hw$_ma T>mbr, H$a ghm`H$, àemgZ 400.00
4. lr gw~moY JwßVm, Ada loUr {b{nH$, ñWm. Ÿ&& 400.00
5. lr ^maV ~mW_, H$a ghm`H$, ñWm. Ÿ&&
400.00
V¥Vr` 6. lr_Vr B©bm _wñV\$s,C.H$m.AYr., ñWm. Ÿ&& 300.00
7. lr VéU H$amho, H$a ghm`H$, ñWm. &&
300.00
8. lr àXrn JwbmZr, H$a ghm`H$, àemgZ
300.00
9. lr XrnH$ nmb, H$h ghm`H$, {ZdmaH$
300.00
10. lr Ama.Eg. dmgoZ, {Z.lo.{b., bo.n.
300.00
`moJ
4300.00
BÝXm¡a à^mJ
àW_ 1. lr _hoÝÐ Hw$_ma O¡Z, {Z.lo.{b.
2. lr_Vr ^maVr YZoída, Cn H$m`m©. AYrjH$
{ÛVr` 3. lr à_moX Hw$_ma ewŠbm, H$a ghm`H$
4. lr gwaoe EM. aå^m‹S>, H$a ghm`H$
5. lr {XZoe H$mQ>oH$a, {Z.lo.{b.
V¥Vr` 6. lr_Vr d§XZm YZmB©VH$a, H$a ghm`H$
7. lr A{Zb lrdmñVd, H$a ghm`H$
`moJ
nrW_nwa à^mJ
àW_ 1. lr Krgmbmb Mm¡hmZ, H$a ghm`H$
2. lr AmZ§Xrbmb {dídH$_m©, H$a ghm`H$
`moJ
CÁO¡Z
àW_ 1.
2.
{ÛVr` 3.
4.
5.
800.00
800.00
400.00
400.00
400.00
300.00
3400.00
800.00
800.00
1600.00
à^mJ
lr XodXÎm {Va{X`m, H$a ghm`H$
lr AéU AJ«dmb, d. H$a ghm`H$
lr ìhr.S>r. haS>o, {ZarjH$
lr nX_qgh {ggm¡{X`m, {Z.lo.{b.
lr XrnH$ ^maÛmO, H$a ghm`H$
800.00
800.00
400.00
400.00
400.00
V¥Vr` 6. lr àhbmX _rUm, {ZarjH$
7. lr_Vr Eg. ~¡amJr, d[aîR> H$a ghm`H$
8. lr Amerf {_lm, H$a ghm`H$
9. lr amOoÝÐ àgmX, {Z.lo.{b.
10. Eg.EZ. Jm`H$dm‹S>, Cn H$m`m©b` AYrjH$
`moJ
300.00
300.00
300.00
300.00
300.00
4300.00
aVbm_ à^mJ
àW_ 1. lr Ama.Ho$. YZo[a`m, H$a ghm`H$
800.00
2. lr EZ.Ho$. godH$, d. H$a ghm`H$
800.00
{ÛVr` 3. lr E_.Ama. {_ñÌr, Cn. H$m`m©b` AYrjH$ 400.00
4. lr _oham~ ImZ, {Z.lo.{b.
400.00
5. lr {dO`qgh Mm¡hmZ, Cn H$m`m©b` AYrjH$ 400.00
V¥Vr` 6. lr dOoam_ amUmdV, H$a ghm`H$
300.00
7. lr Ho$.Ho$. ^Ð, d[að> H$a ghm`H$
300.00
`moJ
3400.00
½dm{b`a à^mJ
àW_ 1. lr nr.E.E_. Q>moßnmo, d[að> H$a ghm`H$
2. lr Zaoe ~mW_, H$a ghm`H$
{ÛVr` 3. lr S>r.Eg. ^Xm¡{a`m, Cn H$m`m©b` AYrjH$
4. lr í`m_gwÝXa H$moaHy$, {Z.lo.{b.
5. lr_Vr {_{Wboe {gH$adma, H$a ghm`H$
V¥Vr` 6. lr h[aMaZ qgh, {Z.lo.{b.
7. lr gwOrV MVwd}Xr, d[að> H$a ghm`H$
8. lr Ama.Eg. amdV, {Z.lo.{b.
`moJ
AmB©.S>r.gr., nrW_nwa
àW_ 1. lr _Zrf {ÌdoXr, H$a ghm`H$
2. lr _mohZ ~|S>dmb, Ada loUr {b{nH$
`moJ
800.00
800.00
400.00
400.00
400.00
300.00
300.00
300.00
3700.00
800.00
800.00
1600.00
AmB©.S>r.gr., _mbZnwa
àW_ 1. lr amOHw$_ma emŠ`, H$a ghm`H$
gm{hË` Xoe H$m ^{dî` V` H$aVm h¡ - AkmV
`moJ
1600.00
_hm`moJ
23,900.00
72
amOVa§{JUr
h[aAmo_² n§{S>V
H$a ghm`H$
Ho$.C.ew.
à^mJ BÝXm¡a
Am{XH$mb go _mZd gä`Vm Ho$ {dH$mg H$s Eo{Vhm{gH$ H$hmZr
{ZaÝVa àIa ê$n go AmJo ~‹T>Vr Om ahr h¡, Ohm± _Zwî` Zo ^m¡{VH$
g§gmYZm| H$s àmpßV Ho$ MbVo AnZm gånyU© {dH$mg {H$`m h¡ dht
_Zwî` Om{V _| AmB© EH$ {df_Vm {Ogo h_ "{dH$bm§JVm' Ho$ Zm_ go
OmZVo h¢Ÿ& Bg {deof dJ© Ho$ {bE g_`mZwHy$b {dH$mg hmo ahm h¡Ÿ&
{Z…eŠVm| Ho$ {ejm d à{ejU go g§§~§{YV Zht WrŸ& ~mahdt eVmãXr
_| {H«$J hoZar {ÛVr` Zo Bg g§X^© _| nhbm H$mZyZ ~Zm`mŸ& 16dt
eVmãXr Ho$ _Ü` VH$ {Z…eŠVm| Ho$ H$ë`mU Ho$ H$m`©H«$_ H$m H$moB©
gmú` Zht {_bmŸ& 17dt eVmãXr _| H$ë`mU H$m`© Yr_m d ê$H$ê$H$ H$a hþAmŸ&
{dH$bm§JVm go n{aM`
gZ² 1930 _| qH$J ES>dS>© V¥Vr` Zo {Z…eŠVm| Ho$ {bE ~ZmE
AñnVmbm| H$mo Amdmg d _Zmoa§OZ Ho$ ñWmZm| _| ~Xb {X`mŸ&
AÝVam©ï´>r` ñVa na gZ² 1981 H$mo AÝVam©ï´>r` {dH$bm§JVm df© Ho$
ê$n _| _Zm`m J`m Ed§ 1981 go 1991 VH$ A§Vam©ï´>r` {dH$bm§JVm
XeH$ Ho$ ê$n _| _Zm`m J`mŸ& g§H${bV {ejm Ho$ {bE 1987 _|
_mZd g§gmYZ {dH$mg _§Ìmb` Zo EZ.gr.B©.Ama.Q>r. Ho$ gmW EH$
n[a`moOZm ewê$ H$sŸ& {Og_| g^r gm_mÝ` {dÚmb`m| _| An§J ~ÀMm|
H$mo àdoe XoZo Ho$ {bE H$hm J`mŸ& ^maVr` nwZdm©g n[afX² H$s
ñWmnZm 1986 _| VËH$mbrZ Ho$ÝÐr` g_mO H$ë`mU _§Ìmb` Ûmam
EH$ gmogm`Q>r Ho$ ê$n _| H$s JB© {OgH$m CÔoí` {dH$bm§Jm| Ho$ nwZdm©g
_| à`ËZerb {deofkm| Ho$ {bE à{ejU H$s ì`dñWm H$aZm WmŸ&
1992 _| EH$ H$mZyZ Ho$ Ûmam ^maVr` nwZdm©g n[afX² EH$
g§d¡Ym{ZH$ g§ñWm _| n[ad{V©V hmo JB©Ÿ&
AmB©.gr.AmB©.S>r.EM. "BÝQ>aZoeZb Šbm{g{\$Ho$eZ Am°\$
Båno`a_|Q>, {S>go{~{bQ>r Ed§ h¡ÊS>rHo$ßS>' Ho$ AZwgma Båno`a_|Q> `m
j{V, Ag_W©Vm Ed§ {dH$bm§JVm `o VrZm| eãX gm_mÝ`V… EH$Xygao Ho$ n`m©` Ho$ ê$n _| à`wŠV hmoVo h¢ naÝVw {díd ñdmñÏ` g§JR>Z
Zo 1980 Zo BZ VrZm| eãXm| H$s n¥WH$ n[a^mfm Xr h¡ {Og_| j{V go
VmËn`© _mZ{gH$ Ed§ emar[aH$ ZwH$gmZ Omo A§J Ho$ ñVa na hmoVm h¡
{OgH$m H$maU amoJ Am¡a CÎmH$m| Ho$ ZwH$gmZ go hmoVm h¡Ÿ& Ag_W©Vm
j{V Ho$ H$maU A§J {deof Ho$ Ûmam {H$`o OmZo dmbo H$m`m] Ho$ H$aZo _|
Aj_Vm hmoZm h¡Ÿ& {dH$bm§JVm go VmËn`©Vm j{V `m Ag_W©Vm Ho$
H$maU ì`{º$ H$mo AnZr gm_mÝ` ^y{_H$m Ho$ {Zd©hZ _| H${R>ZmB©
_hgyg hmoZm h¡Ÿ& dV©_mZ _| {Z…eŠVVm A{Y{Z`_' 1995 Ho$
AZwgma 7 àH$ma H$s {dH$bm§JVmE± {ZYm©[aV H$s JB© h¢ Omo {H$ Bg
àH$ma h¢ - Ñ{ï>, ldU d A{ñW {dH$bm§JVm, AënÑ{Õ, _mZ{gH$
{dH¥${V, _mZ{gH$ _§XVm, Hw$ð> amoJ {ZdmaUŸ& A_o[aH$m _| bJ^J
22 àH$ma H$s {dH$bm§JVmE± ñdrH$ma H$s JB© h¡Ÿ& Bg_| öX` amoJ go
nr{‹S>V ì`{ŠV ^r {dH$bm§JVm H$s loUr _| _mZm OmVm h¡Ÿ& Ame` `h
h¡ {H$ gm_mÝ` ê$n go ì`{ŠV Ho$ Ûmam {H$gr ^r H$m`© H$mo H$aZo _|
CËnÝZ _mZ{gH$ `m emar[aH$ H${R>ZmB© H$mo {dH$bm§JVm _mZm J`m
h¡Ÿ& àmMrZ H$mb _| {dH$bm§Jm| H$s pñW{V - {Z…eŠVVm Ho$ à{V
gH$mamË_H$ ì`dhma H$m àmMrZVZ g§X^© 1952 ~r.gr. Wopå~g Ho$
{M{H$ËgH$s` boIm| _| {_bVm h¡ Omo {H$ {deof ê$n go _mZ{gH$
A{dH${gV bmoJm| Hoo$ {bE Wm `Ú{n Bgo nwZdm©g `m n`m©dmg H$m
Ama§^ _mZm OmVm h¡ {OgZo {Z…eŠVm| H$s {ejm H$m _mJ© àeñV
{H$`mŸ& BgHo$ níMmV Hw$N> AÝ` CnbpãY`m± ^r àmßV H$s JB© Omo {H$
^maV _| {dH$bm§Jm| Ho$ {bE H$m`© H$aZo dmbr Hw$N>
AÝVamŸ©ï´>r` g§ñWmE± Bg àH$ma h¢ …1. gr.~r.E_. - {H«$ñQ>mo\$a ãbmB©ÊS> {_eZ ñWmnZm, 1908
2. `yZoñH$mo - `yZmB©Q>oS> ZoeÝg EÁ`yHo$eZ gmB©pÝQ>{\$H$ EÊS>
H$ëMab Am°J}ZmB©OoeZ ñWmnZm, 4 Zdå~a 1946 (gXñ`
g§»`m 127 Xoe)
3. `y{Zgo\$ - `yZmB©Q>oS> ZoeÝg BÝQ>aZoeZb {MëS´>Z E_aOoÝgr
\$ÊS> ñWmnZm, 1946
amï´>r` ñVa na {dH$bm§JVm Ho$ joÌ _| H$m`© H$aZo dmbr
g§ñWmE± …1. EZ.gr.B©.Ama.Q>r. - ZoeZb H$mCpÝgb \$m°a EÁ`wHo$eZ
[agM© EÊS> Q´>o{Z§J ñWmnZm, 1961
_wgr~Vm| go ^mJmo _V, CZH$m gm_Zm H$amo - ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X
73
amOVa§{JUr
2. EZ.AmB©.Amo.EM. - ZoeZb B§ñQ>rQ>²`yQ> \$m°a {X
Am°Wm}no{S>H$br h¡ÊS>rHo$ßS> ñWmnZm, 1976
3. EZ.AmB©.ìhr.EM. - ZoeZb B§ñQ>rQ>²`yQ> \$m°a {X {dOwAbr
h¡ÊS>rHo$ßS> ñWmnZm, 1979
4. EZ.AmB©.EM.EM. - ZoeZb B§ñQ>rQ>²`yQ> \$m°a {X {h`[a¨J
h¡ÊS>rHo$ßS> ñWmnZm, 1983
5. EZ.AmB©.E_.EM. - ZoeZb B§ñQ>rQ²>`yQ> \$m°a {X _oÝQ>br
h¡ÊS>rHo$ßS> ñWmnZm, 1984
10. AmOr{dH$m àmßV H$aZo H$s g_ñ`m
dV©_mZ g_` _| {ejm Ho$ ~XbVo n[aÑí` Ed§ g_mO Ho$
{dH$bm§Jm| Ho$ à{V ~XbVo hþE ì`dhma Ho$ gmW h_mao g§{dYmZ _| ^r
{dH$bm§J ì`{º$`m| H$mo C{MV Ed§ g_mZ A{YH$ma àXmZ H$aZo Ho$
CX²Xoí` go gZ² 1995 _| nr.S>ãë`y.S>r. EŠQ> bmJy {H$`mŸ& Cgr
g_` go bJmVma {dH$bm§Jm| H$mo g_mO H$s _w»` Ymam go Omo‹S>Zo Ho$
à`mgm| _| Vrd«Vm nmB© JB© h¡Ÿ& d¡go g_o{H$V d g_mdo{eV {ejm H$m
à`mg Z`m Zht h¡Ÿ& Bg g§X^© _| {ejm joÌ _| g\$b à`mg {H$E JE
h¢Ÿ& g_mdo{eV {ejm go VmËn`© gm_mÝ` ~mbH$m| Ho$ gmW {dH$bm§J
~mbH$m| H$mo H$jm _| ^Vu H$a CZH$s {deof Amdí`H$VmAm| Ho$ {bE
n¥WH$ go {deof {ejH$ H$s ì`dñWm H$s OmVr h¡Ÿ& CnamoŠV {ejm
ì`dñWm _| Hw$N> Am¡a gwYma Ho$ gmW g_o{H$V {ejm H$m àË`` gm_Zo
Am`m Omo A{YH$ Ý`m`g§JV d C{MV h¢ {Og_| gm_mÝ` {ejH $H$mo
hr Bg àH$ma à{e{jV {H$`m OmVm h¡ {Oggo dh {deof ~mbH$m| H$s
Amdí`H$VmAm| H$s ^r ny{V© H$a gHo$Ÿ&
CnamoŠV g§{jßV d¥VmÝV {dH$bm§Jm| Ho$ n[aM`, {dH$mg,
CnbãY g§gmYZ d g_mO d emgZ Ûmam {H$`o Om aho
CËWmZmoÝ_wIr H$m`©H«$_m| H$s gmaJ{^©V OmZH$mar h¡ Bg {dH$mgr`
B{Vhmg _| _.à. ^r AJ«Ur n§pŠV`m| _| AnZm Zm_ A§{H$V H$adm
MwH$m h¡Ÿ& _m± Xodr A{hë`m H$s Bg n{dÌ ZJar BÝXm¡a _| _.à.
Ñ{ï>hrZ H$ë`mU g§K ^r 4 OZdar 1961 go AmO VH$ Ñ{ï>~m{YV§
Ho$ gånyU© {dH$mg Ho$ joÌ _| g^r nhbwAm| na H$m`© H$aVo hþE A{dab
J{V go {dH$mgaV h¢ {Og_| {H$bm _¡XmZ pñWV à{ejU Ho$ÝÐ _|
H$åß`yQ>a, hñVH$aKm, gwJ_`m§{ÌH$s, Q>obrH$m°_, Hw$gu ~wZmB©,
ao_o{S>`b nÕ{V VWm àH$me ZJa pñWV {dÚmb` hoba Ho$ba
Ñ{ï>hrZ hmB© ñHy$b _| g§JrV, g§JUH$ H$m à{ejU {X`m OmVm h¡Ÿ&
11. YZ g§~§Yr g_ñ`m H$m A^md
12. ì`{º$JV ñdV§ÌVm H$m A^md
13. gm_m{OH$ n`m©ßVVm H$m A^md
14. {ZOrËd H$m A^md
15. ñdgå_mZ H$m A^md
16. nyU© ì`{º$Ëd Ho$ g§JR>Z H$s g_ñ`m
{deof CëboIZr` h¡ {H$ hmB©ñHy$b Ho$ níMmV² Ñ{ï>~m{YV
AmË_{Z^©a ~Z| Bg hoVw Xmo dfr©` {\${O`moW¡aonr à{ejU BH$mB© H$m
g§MmbZ {H$`m Om ahm h¡Ÿ& Aën Ñ{ï> godm Ho$ÝÐ Ho$ _mÜ`_ go eof
àW_ {díd `wÕ Ho$ g_` Ho$ EH$ à~wÕ boIH$ \$mXa Ho$amob Ho$ ahr amoeZr H$m CnMma H$aZo H$s gw{dYm h¡Ÿ&
AZwgma Ñ{ï>~m{YVVm H$s _w»` ê$n go20 hm{Z`m± h¢, Omo Bg àH$ma
`h VÏ` h¡ {H$ Ho$ÝÐr` CËnmX ewëH$, gr_m ewëH$, godm H$a
h¢ …Am`wŠVmb`, BÝXm¡a _| emar[aH$ ê$n go {dH$bm§J ì`{º$ AÝ`
1. emar[aH$ EH$sH$aU H$m A^md
H$m`m©b`m| H$s Anojm A{YH$ d gm¡hmЩnyU© dmVmdaU _| AnZr
2. dmñV{dH$Vm go g§~§Y H$m A^md
AmOr{dH$m Mbm aho h¢Ÿ&
3. Ñí` H$r n¥ð> ^y{_ H$s Añnï>Vm
h_mam g§K {dH$bm§J Ñ{ï>hrZ ì`{ŠV Ho$ {bE ghm`Vm godm
ñdrH$maVm h¡Ÿ& BÀNw>H$ ì`{º$ gånH©$ H$a gH$Vo h¢Ÿ&
4. Mbm`_mZVm H$s g_ñ`m
5. {b{IV gåàofU Ho$ Cn`moJ H$s g_ñ`m
6. gyMZmË_H$ àJ{V H$m A^md
7. àgÝZVmXm`H$ dñVwAm| H$s Ñ{ï> g§doXZm H$m A^md
8. Iy~gyaV dñVwAm| H$s Ñ{ï> g§doXZm H$m A^md
""^{dî` Ho$ ^maV Ho$ {Z_m©U Ho$ {bE h_| CZ g^r
AmXem] H$mo AnZmZm n‹S>oJm {OZgo h_ _hmZ ~Zo Wo Am¡a CZ
g~ ~mVm| H$mo N>mo‹S>Zm n‹S>oJm {OZgo h_mam nVZ hþAm WmŸ&''
- ñdm_r {ddoH$mZ§X
9. _Zmoa§OZ H$m A^md
amï´> Ho$ Xmo _O~yV n{hE h¢ - amï´>^mfm Am¡a amï´>ÜdO - n§. ^aV ì`mg
74
amOVa§{JUr
àoaH$ H$Wm
Or.Ama. _mbdr`
AYrjH$ (boIm narjm)
BÝXm¡a
g§V H$~ra gmh~ Zo AmÜ`mpË_H$ g§Xoe _| H$hm {H$ ""ñdmg ñdmg na Zm_ bo, d¥Wm ñdm§g _V Imo`,
Z OmZo Bg ñdmg H$mo AmdZ Z hmo`Ÿ&''
""H$hVo H$hVo h¡amZ hþAm Š`m ~OmD±$ T>mob,
EH$ ñdm§g _| OmV h¡, VrZ bmoH$ H$m _mobŸ&&''
dmñVd _| h_mao OrdZ H$s Ad{Y h_mar ha ñdm§g Ho$ gmW H$_
hmoVr Om ahr h¡Ÿ& h_ BgH$m AmH$bZ H$aZm ^yb OmVo h¢ {H$ dmñVd _|
h_ AnZm AZ_mob g_` {H$g H$Xa {\$Oyb ~mVm| _| `m {\$Oyb H$m_m|
_| J§dmVo Om aho h¢Ÿ& Omo g_` h_| na_mË_m Zo {X`m h¡ CgH$m gXwn`moJ
h_| gX²H$m`m}| _| ì`VrV H$aZm Mm{hEŸ& h_ Ohm± ^r H$m`©aV h¢, h_| Omo
^r {Oå_oXmar Xr JB© h¡, `hr Zht h_| Omo ^r OrdZ H$s n[apñW{V
{_br hþB© h¡, Cg_| h_ AnZo H$V©ì`nW na nyU© {Zð>m Ed§ gÀMmB© go
MbVo ah|, `hr gX²H$m`© h¡Ÿ& Bggo h_mao OrdZ Ho$ AZ_mob jU Om`m
Zht Om`|J|Ÿ&
EH$ àoaUmXm`H$ H$WmZH$ Ho$ CëboI go OrdZ Ho$ H$s_Vr jUm|
H$m _mob g_PZo _| _XX {_boJr, dh `h h¡ …EH$ ^mobm-^mbm _Nw>Amam WmŸ& dh amoO amV H$mo g_ÝXa _|
AnZr Zm¡H$m boH$a OmVm Am¡a g_ÝXa _| AnZm Omb S>mbH$a _N>br
_maH$a bmVm Am¡a {XZ _| ~oMH$a AnZo n[adma H$m ^aU-nmofU
H$aVm WmŸ& `h CgH$m amoO_am© OrdZ`mnZ H$m AmYma WmŸ& EH$ amV
H$mo dh AnZr Zm¡H$m boH$a g_wÐ _| J`mŸ& Mm±XZr {N>Q>H$ ahr WrŸ& dh
_Nw>Amam Omb na Omb \|$H$Vm Mbm Om ahm Wm, {H$ÝVw `moJde
CgH$mo Cg amV H$moB© ^r _N>br Zhr {_b nmB©Ÿ&
O~ ^moa hmoZo Om ahr WrŸ& dh _Nw>Amam amV
^a Omb na Omb \|$H$-\|$H$ H$a hVme hmo
J`m WmŸ& A§V _| CgZo A§{V_ à`mg Ho$ ê$n
_| AnZr Omb \|$H$sŸ& Bg ~ma CgH$s Omb
_| Hw$N> dOZ _hgyg hþAm `h Ahgmg H$a
CgHo$ eara _| EH$ ZB© ñ\y${V© Am JB© Am¡a
CgZo Cg Omb H$mo AmempÝdV hmo, ItMH$a
Zm¡H$m _| S>mb {b`mŸ& _Ja `h Š`m ! Omb
nbQ>Zo na CgZo XoIm {H$ Cg_| EH$ ^r
_N>br Zht Wr _Ja Cg_| _N>br H$r OJh ~hþV gmao gmJa Ho$ _moVr
Am J`o WoŸ& _Nw>Amam Zmg_P Ed§ ^mobm hmoZo Ho$ H$maU CZ _mo{V`m| H$mo
nhMmZ Zht gH$m Am¡a CÝh| nËWa g_PZo bJmŸ& dh hVmem Ed§ Xw…I
go AnZr Zm¡H$m _| ~¡R>H$a dmng AmZo bJm Am¡a gmoMVm Om ahm Wm {H$
AmO _¢ AnZo ~ÀMm| H$mo ImZm H¡$go {Ibm nmD±$Jm Š`m|{H$ AmO Hw$N>
CÚ_ Vmo hþAm hr ZhtŸ& dh Zmg_Prde B©ída H$mo _Z hr _Z ^bm~wam ^r H$hVm Om ahm Wm Am¡a CZHo$ ~oeH$s_Vr gmJa Ho$ Xwb©^
_mo{V`m| H$mo EH$-EH$ H$a g_ÝXa _| dmng \|$H$Vm Om ahm WmŸ&
_ëbmh Ho$ {H$Zmao na nhþ±MVo-nhþ±MVo dh gmao _moVr g_wÐ _| dmng
\|$H$ MwH$m WmŸ& Ho$db EH$ _moVr CgHo$ hmW _| ~Mm WmŸ& A~ VH$ gw~h
{Ib CR>r WrŸ& _ëbmh Zo Cg EH$ ~Mo hþE _moVr H$mo Jm¡a go XoIm, {Ogo
dh AkmZVmde _hO nËWa g_P ahm Wm, V~ Cgo bJm {H$ `h
nËWa gmYmaU nËWa O¡gm Zht h¡ ~pëH$ Hw$N> Img nËWa h¡Ÿ& CgZo
gmoMm {H$ `h nËWa AnZo Ka na bo OmH$a _¢ AnZo ~ÀMm| H$mo Xy±JmŸ&
~ÀMo Bggo Iob|Jo Am¡a Iwe hm|Jo Am¡a CZH$mo ^moOZ Z {_bZo H$m
Á`mXm H$ï> Zht hmoJmŸ& dh _ëbmh AnZo Ka Am`m Am¡a CgZo AnZr
nËZr H$mo dh nËWa {XIm`m Am¡a H$hm BgH$mo ~ÀMm| H$mo Xo XoZmŸ& ~g
AmO `hr CÚ_ hmo gH$mŸ& _ëbmh H$s nËZr Zo Cgo Jm¡a go XoIm Am¡a
H$hm `h nËWa Hw$N> AgmYmaU bJ ahm h¡ Bgo Amn {H$gr goR> H$mo
{XImB`oŸ& em`X dh BgH$m H$moB© _mob Xo XoŸ& dh ^mobm B§gmZ Cg
_moVr H$mo boH$a EH$ ZOXrH$ Ho$ XwH$mZXma Ho$ nmg J`m Am¡a Cggo Cgo
{XImH$a ~mobm ""goR> nËWa IarXoJm''Ÿ& XwH$mZXma Zo _moVr H$mo Jm¡a go
AnZr Am¡gV Am`-ì`` H$m g§VwbZ aIZm hr loð> AW©Zr{V h¡ - H$m¡{Q>ë`
75
amOVa§{JUr
XoIm Am¡a g_Pm {H$ `h Hw$N> Vmo H$s_V aIVm hr h¡ AV… dh ~mobm
^mB© `h nËWa _¢ IarX boVm hÿ± BgHo$ ~Xbo _| Vw_H$mo Hw$N> Johÿ±, Xmb,
Mmdb dJ¡ah gm_mZ Xo gH$Vm hÿ±Ÿ&
e{eH$mÝV JwßVm
AYrjH$ Ho$.C.ew. ao. 1
_ëbmh Zo gmoMm {H$ `h dmñVd _| H$moB© gmYmaU nËWa Zht h¡
BÝXm¡a
Am¡a dh gmoMZo bJm {H$ Bgo {H$gr ~‹S>o goR> H$mo OmH$a {XImVm hÿ±
em`X dh Bg goR> go Hw$N> Á`mXm _mob Xo XoŸ& A~ dh ~‹S>o goR> Ho$ nmg
B©ída Zo O~ B§gmZ H$mo ~Zm`m V~ dh AZJ‹T> dmZa ê$n _| WmŸ&
J`m Am¡a ~mobm ""goR> nËWa IarXoJm'', ~‹S>o goR> Zo nËWa XoIm Am¡a
Hw$N> g_PVo hþE ~mobm ^mB© IarX by±Jm BgHo$ ~Xbo _| Vwåh| Hw$N> én`o g_` Ho$ gmW _mZd _mZ{gH$, emar[aH$ Ed§ ^m¡{VH$ CÝZ{V H$aVm J`mŸ&
VWm Omo gm_mZ Vw_ _oar XwH$mZ go bo Om gH$Vo hmo bo OmAmo na `h àma§{^H$ _mZd go H$mogm| Xya AmJo AmZo Ho$ ~mX EH$ _mZd à{V{Z{Y Zo
nËWa _wPo Xo XmoŸ& A~ VH$ _ëbmh Hw$N> Am¡a g_PXma hmo MwH$m Wm dh B©ída H$mo nÌ {bIm ~mobVm h¡ goR> `h nËWa _wPo Xo Xmo Vw_ BgH$s H$s_V Zht Xo gH$VoŸ& _¢
_¢Zo H$s h¡ VaŠH$s Bgo BÎmo\$mH$ Z bm`m
Bgo ZJa Ho$ g~go ~‹S>o goR> H$mo {XImD±$Jm dh BgH$s ghr H$s_V
{\$a ^r _¢Zo IwX H$mo ~mê$X Ho$ T>oa no nm`m
H$aoJmŸ&
CÚmoJm| H$s bm¡h _rZmam| Zo CJbr M§X gww{dYmE±
A§VV… dh ZJa goR> Ho$ nmg J`m Am¡a ~mobm ""goR> nËWa
H$ha ^am Oharbm YwAm§ ^r gmW Am`m
IarXoJmŸ&'' dh A^r VH$ Bg _moVr H$mo nËWa hr g_P ahm WmŸ& ZJa
_¢Zo H$s h¡ VaŠH$s Bgo BÎmo\$mH$ Z bm`mŸ&
goR> Zo Cg ~oeH$r_Vr _moVr H$mo AnZr nmaIr ZOa go XoIm Am¡a ~mobm
`h Vmo gmJa H$m AZ_mob _moVr h¡ BgH$s H$s_V ~hþV Á`mXm h¡ em`X
_¢Zo Zha| ~ZmB©, _¢Zo ~m§Y ~ZmE§
_oar ^r g_P go ~mha h¡ {\$a ^r _¢ Vwåh| BgHo$ _w±h _m±Jo Xm_ Xo gH$Vm
na ha ~agmV _| AnZo Jm§d H$mo Sy>~m nm`m
hÿ±Ÿ&
_¢Zo H$s h¡ VaŠH$s Bgo BÎmo\$mH$ Z bm`mŸ&
ZJa goR> H$s `h ~mV gwZH$a dh ^mobm B§gmZ amo n‹S>m V~
AZ{JZV _§{Xam| _| _¢Zo ^JdmZ ~ZmE
AmíM`© go Cg ZJa goR> Zo Cggo nyN>m, Vw_ Š`m| amo aho hmo? V~ dh
na _oao _Z H$m e¡VmZ H$^r ^mJ Z nm`m
_ëbmh amoVo hþE ~mobm goR> _¢Zo Zmg_Prde Eogo AZ{JZV _moVr gmJa
_| \|$H$ {XEŸ& `{X _¢ CZH$s H$s_V g_P nmVm Vmo em`X _¢ AmO g~go
_¢Zo H$s h¡ VaŠH$s Bgo BÎmo\$mH$ Z bm`mŸ&
A_ra ì`{º$ hmoVmŸ&
OrZo H$m gm_mZ OwQ>mVm ahm _¢
CnamoŠV H$WmZH$ Ho$ ^md H$mo h_ g_P| Vmo nm`|Jo {H$ h_ ^r
Am¡a _m¡V Ho$ gm`m| H$mo nhMmZ Z nm`m
h_mao OrdZ _| B©ída Ûmam {X`o hþE Bg AZ_mob g_` H$mo ì`W© hr
_¢Zo H$s h¡ VaŠH$s Bgo BÎmo\$mH$ Z bm`mŸ&
J§dmVo ahVo h¢, Omo Zht hmoZm Mm{h`oŸ& AmB`o h_ g~ Bg àoaUmXm`H$
`o JJZMwå~r _¢Zo hr I‹S>o {H$`o h¢
H$WmZH$ go grI b| Ed§ `h {ZíM` H$a| {H$ à^w Ûmam Xr JB© Bg ñdm§g
ê$nr AZ_mob Z¡_V H$mo ì`W© Z J§dmE± Ed§ BgH$s H$Ð H$aVo hþE Am¡a
na Pw½Jr Pmon{‹S>`m| go H$^r ZmVm _oam Qy>Q> Z nm`m
Cg gd©e{º$_mZ H$mo h_oem `mX aIVo hþE AnZm g_` gX²H$m`m}§ _| hr
_¢Zo H$r h¡ VaŠH$s Bgo BÎmo\$mH$ Z bm`mŸ&
bJmE±Ÿ&
ha Xoe _| Jm±Yr n¡Xm {H$`o h¢ _¢Zo
H$~ra gmh~ H$s Bg AZ_mob dmUr Ho$ gmW h_ g~ OrdZ
Am¡a _oao hr I§Oa Zo CZH$m IyZ ~hm`m
H$mo AÀN>o H$m`m] _| bJmH$a h_mao ha nb H$mo g\$b ~Zmdo|Ÿ _¢Zo H$s h¡ VaŠH$s Bgo BÎmo\$mH$ Z bm`m
_m¡H$m| H$hm± Ty>±‹T>o ~ÝXo _¢ Vmo Voao nmg _|
gä`Vm H$s gw~h Ty>§‹T>Zo Mbm _¢
ImoOr hmo` VwaV {_b OmD±$ nb ^a H$s Vbme _|
Š`m| ~~©aVm H$m ^`mZH$ A§Yoam nrN>o-nrN>o Am`m
""VZ {Ma, _Z {Ma, dMZ {Ma gwaV {ZaV {Ma hmo`,
H$ho H$~ra Bg nbH$ H$mo H$bn Z nmdo H$mo`Ÿ&''
_¢Zo H$s h¡ VaŠH$s Bgo BÎmo\$mH$ Z bm`mŸ&
_¢Zo H$s h¡
VaŠH$s
AnZr {dÛVm na Jd© H$aZm g~go ~‹S>m kmZ h¡ - lr_X²^mJdV
76
amOVa§{JUr
ì`§½`
e{eH$m§V JwßVm
AYrjH$,
Ho$.C.ew. aoÝO-Ÿ&,
BÝXm¡a
Xm‹T>r H$s _{h_m {Zambr h¡ g§gma Ho$
_hmZ ì`{ŠV`m| Zo Xm‹T>r aIr Wr Mmëg©
S>m{d©Z {OÝhm|Zo OrdZ Ho$ CX²{dH$mg H$mo
g_Pm`m Xm‹T>r aIVo WoŸ& AañVy Xm‹T>r aIVo
WoŸ& _hmZ Xoe ^º$ í`m_Or H¥$îUm Xm‹T>r
aIVo WoŸ& Xm‹T>r H$s ghm`Vm go gw^mfM§Ð
~mog ^of ~Xb H$a Xwí_Z H$s Mmb go ~M
{ZH$bVo WoŸ& ñnï>V… ñdV§ÌVm g§J«m_ _|
Xm‹T>r Zo ~‹S>r _hÎmr ^y{_H$m {Z^mB© h¡Ÿ&
bo{H$Z ~‹S>o Xw^m©½` H$s ~mV h¡ {H$ Xm‹T>r Ho$
_hËd H$mo ^wbm`m Om ahm h¡Ÿ& Xm‹T>r OrdZ Ho$
ha ~wao g_` _| _Zwî` H$m gmW XoVr AmB© h¡Ÿ&
O~ bmoJ XwIr hmoVo h¢Ÿ V~ Xm‹T>r hr CZH$m
EH$_mÌ ghmam hmoVr h¡Ÿ& _OZy§ Ho$ CXmhaU
go `h ñnï> hmo OmVm h¡Ÿ&
Xm‹T>r àJ{V H$m àVrH$ h¡ H$hm J`m h¡
MbVr H$m Zm_ Jm‹S>r ~‹T>Vr H$m Zm_ Xm‹T>rŸ&
Xm‹T>r H$s VwbZm MbVr hþB© Jm‹S>r go H$s JB©
h¡Ÿ& Jm‹S>r `m{Z n{h`m Xm‹T>r Am¡a n{h`o Zo H$^r éH$Zm Zht grIm h_oem
~‹T>Vo hr ahVo h¢Ÿ& XwI H$m {df` h¡ {H$ bmoJ Xm‹T>r H$s _hVr Amdí`H$Vm
H$mo ZH$ma aho h¢Ÿ&
AmO Ho$ H${R>Z g_` _| Xm‹T>r EH$ ~‹S>r Amdí`H$Vm Ho$ ê$n _| C^a
H$a gm_Zo AmVr h¡Ÿ& Xm‹T>r h_mao Xoe _| Iwehmbr bm gH$Vr h¡Ÿ& h_mao
Xoe _| H$ar~ 30 H$amo‹S> bmoJ Xm‹T>r aI gH$Vo h¡, `{X `o bmoJ Xm‹T>r H$s
A§YmYw§Y H$Q>mB© amoH$ X| Vmo Bggo, `{X `h _mZ b| {H$ à{V ì`{º$ à{Vdf©
20 ãboS> d 15 H$amo‹S> ì`{º$`m| _| à{V ì`{º$ à{Vdf© 3 eoqdJ H«$s_ H$m
à`moJ H$aVm h¡ Vmo 1 é. à{V ãboS> d 20 é. à{V eoqdJ H«$s_ Ho$ {hgm~ go
1500 H$amo‹S> én`o H$s ~MV à{Vdf© hmoJrŸ& Bg_| Am°âQ>a eod bmoeZ d
H«$s_ H$m ì`` em{_b Zht h¡Ÿ&
nwamZo O_mZo _| bmoJ Mm|Q>r aIVo WoŸ& MmoQ>r E[a`b H$m H$m_ H$aVr
Wr, MmoQ>r aIZo dmbo kmZr g_Po OmVo WoŸ& h_mao F${f, _w{Z, MmoQ>r Ho$
gmW Xm‹T>r ^r aIm H$aVo Wo Am¡a do na_ kmZr _mZo OmVo Wo, Xm‹T>r {S>e
E§{Q>Zm H$m H$m_ H$aVr Wr, Ohm± H$hr ^r kmZ hmo Xm‹T>r CgHo$ ñnï> g§Ho$V
Xya go hr nH$‹S> boVr WrŸ& {OVZr bå~r Xm‹T>r CVZr hr _O~yV nH$‹S>
j_VmŸ& amOm-_hmamOm Am¡a CZH$s g§VmZ| kmZ àmßV H$aZo Ho$ {bE
F${f-_w{Z`m| Ho$ Aml_ Am`m H$aVo WoŸ&
Xm‹T>r kmZ gåàofU H$m AÀN>m _mÜ`_ hþAm
H$aVr WrŸ& EH$ àmMrZ {M{H$Ëgm nÕ{V Ho$
AZwgma ~«÷mÊS> _| D$Om© H$s bha| àdm{hV
hþAm H$aVr h¢Ÿ& `o bha| h_mao eara go hmoH$a
JwOaVr h¡Ÿ& {OVZm h_mao eara H$m joÌ\$b
hmoVm h¡ Cgr n[a_mU _| h_ D$Om© gmoI nmVo
h¢Ÿ& Xm‹T>r h_mao eara Ho$ joÌ\$b H$mo ~‹T>m XoVr
h¡, {Oggo h_ Á`mXm D$Om© gmoI nmZo _|
gj_ hmo nmVo h¢Ÿ& Xm‹T>r X`m Am¡a namonH$ma
H$m àVrH$ h¡Ÿ gmÝVm ŠbmO H$mo H$m¡Z Zht
OmZVm Xm‹T>r Ho$ {~Zm gmÝVm ŠbmO H$s
H$ënZm VH$ Zht H$s Om gH$VrŸ& {H«$g_g
Ho$ {XZ XwH$mZm| na Xm{‹T>`m| H$s H$_r hmo OmVr
h¡Ÿ& Xm{‹T>`m§ ãboH$ _| boZm n‹S>Vr h¡Ÿ& Xm‹T>r
gd©Y_© gX²^md H$m àVrH$ h¢Ÿ& Xm‹T>r {~Zm
{H$gr ^oX^md Ho$ g^r Y_m] Ho$ bmoJm| H$mo
CnH¥$V H$aVr h¢Ÿ& g^r Y_m] Ho$ _hmZ ì`{ŠV
Xm‹T>r Ho$ {h_m`Vr aho h¢Ÿ& B©ída Zo h_| hr OrdYm[a`mo _| Xm‹T>r àXmZ H$aZo
Ho$ {bE Cn`wº$ g_Pm Am¡a h_ CgHo$ AhgmZ H$m Š`m ~Xbm MwH$m aho
h¢Ÿ& Xm‹T>r Vmo Xm‹T>r h_ ~‹S>r ~oXXu go _y§N> ^r _w§S>dm boVo h¢Ÿ& Xm‹T>r Ho$
à~bV_ XmdoXma h_mao ghmoXa {MånmOr ^r Wo bo{H$Z CÝh| Xm‹T>r Zgr~
Zht hþB©Ÿ& AmO ^r {dMma n¡am| na MbVo h¢ Am¡a AmÜ`mpË_H$ do ^m¡{VH$
kmZ go H$mogm| Xya h¢Ÿ& Xm‹T>r h_mar gÀMr OrdZ gmWr h¢Ÿ& OrdZ g§{JZr
Am¡a Xm‹T>r `wdmdñWm _| AmVr h¢, OrdZ g§{JZr Ho$ gmW Vmo {dN>moh H$s
g§^mdZm hmo gH$Vr h¡, Xm‹T>r Ho$ gmW H$Xm{n ZhtŸ& {ga Ho$ ~mb ^bo hr
Mbo OmE§ Xm‹T>r _¥Ë`w``©ÝV gmW {Z^mVr h¡Ÿ& Xm‹T>r Ho$ ~mao _| {OVZm H$hm
OmE Wmo‹S>m h¡Ÿ& Xm‹T>r AZÝV Xm‹T>r H$Wm AZÝVmŸ& Xm‹T>r H$s _hmZVm OmZZo
Ho$ {bE {díd Ho$ _hmZV_ X{‹T>`bm| Ho$ Zm_ OmZZm Amdí`H$ h¡Ÿ&
{díd Ho$ _hmZV_² X{‹T>`b - (1) OJV{nVm ~«÷m (2) ÐmoUmMm`©
(3) B©gm _grh (4) AañVy (5) ßbyQ>mo (6) Mmëg© S>ma{dZ (7) OmO©
~ZmS>© em° (8) A~«mh_ qbH$Z (9) H$mb© _mŠg© (10) H$Ýâ`y{e`b
(11) bo{ZZ (12) A{_Vm^ ~ÀMZ (13) AmBgH$ Ý`yQ>Z
(14) OmoZ ~moJ© (15) h¡Xa Abr (16) a{dÝÐ ZmW Q>¡JmoaŸ&
""› Xm‹T>r` Z_…''
Omo nwñVH$ A{YH$ gmoMZo Am¡a g_PZo H$mo {dde H$ao, dhr gdm}Îm_ h¡Ÿ- n§. Odmhabmb Zohê$
77
amOVa§{JUr
g§K H$m amOH$s` H$m`© {hÝXr _| H$aZo Ho$ {bE dm{f©H$ H$m`©H«$_
_§Ìmb`m|/{d^mJm| Am¡a CZHo$ gå~Õ/AYrZñW H$m`m©b`m| VWm Ho$ÝÐ gaH$ma Ho$ {ZJ_m|, CnH«$_m|,
~¢H$m| Am{X _| amO^mfm Zr{V Ho$ H$m`m©Ýd`Z hoVw 2007-08 Ho$ {bE {ZYm©[aV bú`
H«$.g§. H$m`© {ddaU
"H$' joÌ
'I" joÌ
"J' joÌ
1. {hÝXr Ho$ _yb nÌmMma 1. H$ joÌ go H$ joÌ H$mo 100% 1. I joÌ Ho$ H$ joÌ H$mo 90% 1. J joÌ go H$ joÌ H$mo 55%
(Vma, ~oVma, Q>oboŠg 2. H$ joÌ go I joÌ H$mo 100% 2. I joÌ go I joÌ H$mo 90µ% 2. J joÌ go I joÌ H$mo 55%
\¡$Šg, AmaoI, B©-_ob 3. H$ joÌ go J joÌ H$mo 65% 3. I joÌ go J joÌ H$mo 55% 3. J joÌ go J joÌ H$mo
55%
Am{X g{hV)
4. H$ joÌ go H$ d I joÌ 4.
I joÌ go H$ d I joÌ
4. J joÌ go J joÌ H$mo
Ho$ amÁ`/g§K
100%
Ho$ amÁ`/g§K
100%
Ho$ amÁ`/g§K
85%
amÁ` joÌ Ho$
amÁ` joÌ Ho$
amÁ` joÌ Ho$
H$m`m©b`/ì`{º$
H$m`m©b`/ì`{º$
H$m`m©b`/ì`{º$
2. {hÝXr _| àmá nÌm| H$m CÎma {hÝXr _| {X`m OmZm
100%
100%
100%
3. {hÝXr _| {Q>ßnU
75%
50%
30%
4. {hÝXr Q>§H$H$,Amew{b{nH$ H$s ^Vu
100%
100%
50%
5. {hÝXr _| {S>ŠQ>oeZ
20%
20%
20%
6. XodZmJar Q>mBnamBQ>a H$s IarX
100%
50%
50%
7. {hÝXr à{ejU (^mfm,Q>§H$Um,Amew{b{n)
100%
100%
100%
8. {Û^mfr à{ejU gm_J«r V¡`ma H$aZm
100%
100%
100%
9. {hÝXr B©-~wH$ g{hV {hÝXr nwñVH$m|, OZ©b
Am¡a _mZH$ g§X^© J«ÝWm| H$mo N>mo‹S>H$a, Am{X
50%
50%
50%
H$s IarX na nwñVH$mb` Ho$ {bE CnbãY Hw$b
AZwXmZ _| IM© H$m à{VeV
10. H$åß`yQ>a g{hV g^r àH$ma Ho$ BboŠQ´>m{ZH$
CnH$aUm| H$s {Û^mfr ê$n _| IarX
100%
100%
100%
11. do~gmBQ>
100% ({Û^mfr)
100% ({Û^mfr)
100% ({Û^mfr)
12. ZmJ[aH$ MmQ>©a VWm OZ gyMZm
~moS>m] Am{X H$m àXe©Z
100% ({Û^mfr)
100% ({Û^mfr)
100% ({Û^mfr)
13. (&) _§Ìmb`m|/{d^mJm| Am¡a H$m`m©b`m| Ûmam AnZo 25% (Ý`yZV_)
25% (Ý`yZV_)
25% (Ý`yZV_)
_w»`mb` go ~mha pñWV H$m`m©b`m| H$m {ZarjU
(H$m`m©b`m| H$m à{VeV)
(&&) _w»`mb` _| pñWV AZw^mJm| H$m {ZarjU
25% (Ý`yZV_)
25% (Ý`yZV_)
25% (Ý`yZV_)
(&&&) {dXoe _| pñWV Ho$ÝÐ gaH$ma Ho$ ñdm{_Ëd Ed§
df© _| H$_ go H$_ Mma {ZarjU
{Z`§ÌU Ho$ AYrZ H$m`m©b`m|/CnH«$_m| H$m gå~pÝYV
A{YH$m[a`m| VWm amO^mfm {d^mJ Ho$ A{YH$m[a`m|
Ûmam g§`wº$ {ZarjU
14. amO^mfm gå~ÝYr ~¡R>H|$
(H$) {hÝXr gbmhH$ma g{_{V df© _| 02 ~¡R>H|$ (Ý`yZV_)
(I) ZJa amO^mfm H$m`m©Ýd`Z g{_{V
df© _| 02 ~¡R>H|$ (à{V N>_mhr EH$ ~¡R>H$)
(J) amO^mfm H$m`m©Ýd`Z g{_{V
df© _| 04 ~¡R>H|$ (à{V N>_mhr EH$ ~¡R>H$)
15. H$moS>, _¡ZwAb,\$m_©, à{H«$`m gm{hË`
H$m {hÝXr AZwdmX
100%
16. _§Ìmb`/{d^mJ/H$m`m©b`/~¢H$/CnH«$_m|
20%
Ho$ Eogo AZw^mJ Ohm± gmam H$m`© {hÝXr _| hmo
(Ý`yZV_ AZw^mJ)
YZerbVm öX` H$m JwU h¡, hmWm| H$m Zht - Omogo\$ ES>rgZ
78
amOVa§{JUr
H$_b Hw$_ma {gWmobrdmb
AYrjH$ (VH$.)
Ho$.C.ew., BÝXm¡a
X{jU-nyd© E{e`m _| `{X AmV§H$dmX H$s n¥ð>^y{_ _o| OmE± Vmo
h_ nmE±Jo {H$ BgH$s ewéAmV 1979 _| VËH$mbrZ gmo{d`V g§K
Ûmam A\$Jm{ZñVmZ _| AmH«$_U H$a gaH$ma h{W`mZo go hþB©& Cg
g_` g§`wŠV JUamÁ` A_o[aH$m d VËH$mbrZ gmo{d`V g§K Ho$ ~rM
erV `wÕ Ho$ H$maU gmo{d`V g§K Zo AnZr e{º$ ~‹T>mZo d X{jU-nyd©
E{e`m Ho$ Aa~ gmJa H$s Va\$ ~‹T>Zo H$s Zr[V Ho$ VhV²,
A\$Jm{ZñVmZ na g¡Ý` AmH«$_U H$a Cgo h{W`m`m WmŸ& gmo{d`V
g§K Ho$ Bg H¥$Ë` go A_o[aH$m ^r haH$V _| Am`m d CgZo nm{H$ñVmZ
H$s _XX go _wOm{hXrZ V¡`ma {H$E {OÝhm|Zo gmo{d`V g§K H$s bmb
goZm go bmohm {b`mŸ& Bg Xm¡amZ A\$Jm{ZñVmZ _| gmo{d`V g§K H$s
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