1 - Congregation Adat Yeshurun
Transcription
1 - Congregation Adat Yeshurun
Photo by Stuart Laiken CONGREGATION ADAT YESHURUN NEWSLETTER Jeffrey Wohlgelernter, Rabbi Brian Zimmerman, President April, 2016 Adar II/Nisan 5776 Rabbi’s Message Page 2 President’s Message Page 3 Pesach Schedule & Announcements Page 3 - 10, 18 Laws of Pesach Page 12-15 Do It Right: How to Run Your Seder Page 16-17 April Calendar Page 19 Sale of Chometz Form Page 20 Get your Monthly Newsletter on the web at www.adatyeshurun.org ?????????????? Pesach Shaylohs Have Questions About Pesach Preparations? Leave a message for the Rabbi at (858) 535–1196. He will return your call as soon as he can or send an email shayloh to [email protected] anytime Don’t Miss the Shabbat Hagadol Drosha on Saturday, April 16th at 5:00 p.m. • • important pesach reminders Sunday, April 17th Hagolas Keilim, “Kashering for Pesach” 10:00 a.m. - 1:00 p.m. Thursday, April 21st Search for Chametz after 8:06 p.m. Friday, April 22nd • Communal Burning of the Chametz The Rabbi will start the communal burning of the Chametz at 8:30 a.m. in the shul parking lot. You may drop off your items to be burned outside the shul office. • Last Time to Eat Chametz 10:09 a.m. • Last Time to Burn & Sell Chametz 11:20 a.m. Please remember to see the Rabbi to make him your Agent of Sale in order to sell your Chametz. It is preferable to make sure you’ve sold your Chametz to the Rabbi by Thursday night, April 21st Please do not wait until the last minute! A MESSAGE FROM THE RABBI The battle between Yaakov and Esav is a battle that we engaged in 4000 years ago and is one we continue to struggle with. But what was that battle? It began with a struggle in the womb, as their mom passed by houses of idolatry and Torah, continued with a tug on a foot. It showed up again on the day of the funeral of Avraham, and at the time of the giving of brachos to the boys. Perhaps its most dramatic expression came during the battle with the angel that Yaakov engaged in. Throughout our history it appears sometimes subtly, sometimes graphically, but it is always there. Always identifiable as Yaakov and Esav. But what is that battle? We know there are two worlds, this and the next. This world is merely a corridor to the next world, say our sages. Like a huge vestibule before a banquet hall. The one merely functions as a preparation for the other. But what does that mean? Because it sounds like it is trivializing our existence here on earth. Let’s look at brachos, blessings on food. Let’s take spaghetti and meatballs. What Bracha do you make? Mezonos, shehakol? Both brachos? First we must determine what is ikar and what is taful. What is the main food and what is secondary. Once we have identified that we can now determine what bracha we make, because when confronted with two foods mixed together we focus on the main one and it is that one that we make the bracha on, the other one is blessed by virtue of the fact that its purpose and function is to enhance the main food. These are our two worlds. This world is amazing, but its function is to enhance our existence in the next world. This doesn’t mean that we are merely waiting to get there; rather it means that we are striving to bring a little bit of that world into our existence here on earth. Every choice we make in life regarding our priorities is a choice between ikar and taful. What is the main focus of our lives and what is secondary. It is the battle between Yaakov and Esav: the battle between entrenching ourselves in the vestibule or entering the banquet hall. Every minute of every day we confront this choice. What are our priorities? Where should we be putting our energies? It is the question that the Kohain asks a young dad at the pidyon of his thirty day old son. Mah bahis tfei? What do you want more, the money or the boy? Sounds like a no brainer? Actually it isn’t a question as much as a declaration! The Kohain is instructing this young couple to always confront this question of what do you want more of? What is primary in life and what is secondary? So much of the stress in life is caused by sapping our precious energy through focusing on the taful, rather than the ikar. When you get excited about something material, some financial loss or material gain, stop and ask the question. Mah Bahis Tfei? What do you really want? What is really important? When you are looking to put your energies into some project or function, ask the question, is this ikar or taful, primary importance or secondary? The main room or the vestibule? When looking to teach lessons to your children ask the question and teach the principle; focus on the ikar, on the main and the secondary will come along for the ride. Pesach is here. That great moment where we are reminded what it is all about, what is really our priority in life. Let’s make sure that when designing our Sedarim and our Pesach experience, we focus on the ikar and let the taful, the secondary come along for the ride. What we fill our hearts with is ikar: what we fill our stomachs with is taful. What we dress our souls in is ikar,: what we dress our bodies in is taful. May the battle of Yaakov and Esav be won this year by us and by all of Klal Yisrael. May we exist in the ikar world, the world of the spirit where the world of taful comes along for the ride. May we know peace and wholeness as we enter the banquet hall. Amen Rabbi Wohlgelernter 2 A MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT With Purim now behind us, Passover is rapidly approaching. To some it is a burden. Cleaning and covering kitchen surfaces. Changing dishes and eating different foods. However, it is a part of our history. A reminder that we were once slaves in Egypt. That Hashem took us out of Egypt without time for our bread to become leavened. At this time of year, we are once again reminded of the importance of community. It is with a strong community that we have been able to continue our traditions, passing on our knowledge to our children, educating them on the importance of sharing, of enduring, of striving to help others in need. On Pesach, at the Seder, all are welcomed to join in celebration and in the retelling of the Exodus and salvation of the Jewish people. All are encouraged to participate and to ask questions — be it the Chacham, the smart one, or the one who doesn’t even know how to ask a question — they are each enveloped into the discussion and into their communities. Here at Adat Yeshurun we strive to embody that feeling year-round. We are a warm and inviting place, a welcoming and fun place to be. We have something for everybody. We have started a Hashkama Minyon to complement our main minyon on Shabbos. We have programming for our youths and adults on every level. We are planning more youth programs and youth groups, and ongoing adult programs. Please keep your eyes open for new events and programs coming soon. I wish all of you a very Happy Pesach! Brian Zimmerman Mikvah appointments (858) 535-1072 pre-Pesach lobby closet cleaning Sunday, april 17th at 10 a.m. You can now listen to the Rabbi’s classes online!! www.adatyeshurun.org Weekly lectures are all on the web for you to listen to anytime you want OR you can receive the classes via email. Please email Kim at kim@adatyeshurun. org to request to be added to the weekly email list Please come and take your left items of clothes, jackets, etc. before we donate them away! YAHRTZEIT BOARD Yahrtzeit plaques can be ordered at any time. If you would like to order a memorial plaque for the Yahrtzeit Board to memorialize a loved one, please email Annette at the office at [email protected] to order a plaque. The cost of a plaque is $360 which can be paid in installments. The Congregation Expresses Condolences to Neal and Dee Desind and Family on the loss of Dee’s father, Stanley Gross 3 PESACH SCHEDULE thursday, april 21st saturday, april 30th EIGHTH DAY PESACH Talmud I.............................................................6:00 a.m. Shacharit...........................................................6:30 a.m. Talmud in Depth.................................................7:30 a.m. Daf Yomi............................................................6:15 p.m. Mincha/Ma’ariv...................................................7:05 p.m. Search for Chometz....................................after 8:06 p.m. Talmud in Depth................................................8:00 a.m. Shacharit...........................................................9:00 a.m. Sh’ma: Latest Time............................................9:24 a.m. Yizkor...............................................................11:00 a.m. Daf Yomi............................................................6:00 p.m. Mincha...............................................................7:00 p.m. Yom Tov ends....................................................8:13 p.m. friday, april 22nd FAST OF FIRST BORN EREV YOM TOV Shacharit...........................................................6:45 a.m. Siyum of the First Born (approx.)..........................7:30 a.m. Talmud in Depth.................................................7:30 a.m. Last Time to Eat Chametz...............................10:09 a.m. Last Time to Burn & Sell Chametz..................11:20 a.m. Daf Yomi...........................................................6:25 p.m. Candles............................................................7:07 p.m. Mincha/Kabbalat Shabbat................................7:10 p.m. Chatzos (Saturday Morning)...........................12:47 a.m. to Peter and Gale Shoikhet on the birth of a grandson Abraham and Lauren Hanono on the birth of a son saturday, april 23rd FIRST DAY PESACH Shacharit..........................................................9:00 a.m. Sh’ma: Latest Time...........................................9:28 a.m. Daf Yomi...........................................................6:15 p.m. Mincha..............................................................7:00 p.m. Candle Lighting........................................after 8:08 p.m. Hal and Guily Hanono on the birth of their grandson Eli and Michal Ben-Moshe on the birth of their nephew sunday, april 24th SECOND DAY PESACH Brian and Sarah Keating and Isaac and Elijah on the birth of their daughter and sister Shacharit..........................................................9:00 a.m. Daf Yomi...........................................................6:15 p.m. Mincha/Ma’ariv������������������������������������������������7:10 p.m. Yom Tov Ends��������������������������������������������������8:08 p.m. Noam Freeman and Efrat Klein-Freeman, on the birth of their daughter thursday, april 28th Erev Yom Tov Arthur and Peta Klitofsky on the birth of their granddaughter Shacharit...........................................................6:30 a.m. Talmud in Depth................................................7:30 a.m. Daf Yomi............................................................6:30 p.m. Candle Lighting.................................................7:11 p.m. Mincha/Ma’ariv..................................................7:15 p.m. Joel and Mara Lynn Katzman on the birth of their granddaughter Jim and Celine Dujowich on Derek’s Bar Mitzvah and to the grandparents, Marco and Sofia Dujowich friday, april 29th Seventh Day Pesach Jack and Ellen Zyroff on their grandson’s Bar Mitzvah Talmud in Depth.................................................8:00 a.m. Shacharit...........................................................9:00 a.m. Daf Yomi............................................................6:15 p.m. Candles Before..................................................7:12 p.m. Mincha/Kabbalat Shabbat..................................7:15 p.m. Mauricio and Lillian Miselewicz on the engagement of their daughter Giselle to Abraham Entebi 4 Thanks to our Purim Volunteers!! Special thanks to the committee: Felicia Gipsman, Nora Laiken, Debby Seidle, Rabbi & Shoshie Wohlgelernter and Merle & David Ziman and to Annette and Kim in the office. And thanks to all those people who did the jobs of packing and delivering: Packers: Karen Aron, Elie Aron, Nadav Aron, Rob Barker, Rosa Basson, Karen Breziner, Hilda Cohen, Abby Eichner, Miriam Fishman, Jack Forman, Avigail Freeman, Irwin Friede, Ariella Freifeld, Bella Freifeld, Michelle Freifeld, Irina Genin, Felicia Gipsman, Brandy Gold, Dalia Green, Liora Green, Merav Green, Cheryl Horn, Dovi Kaplan, Sarit Kaplan-Nadal, Nora Laiken, Suzanne Marcus, Judy Nemzer, Hana Olivensky, David Rezmovitch, Jordan Rezmovitch, Ethel Seidel, Bette Shatoff, Noga Tzarum, Yair Tzarum, Rebecca Venger, Harry Wechsler, Stacey Wechsler, Shoshie Wohlgelernter, Baruch Yakatan, Toviele Yakatan Drivers: Brenda Abelkop, Anne Arenson, Karen Aron, Nancy Barker, Felicia Belcher, Ruth Berkowitz, Harvey Brenner, Karen Breziner, Hilda Cohen, Paul Datnow, Rachel Eden, Sally Eichner, Pauline Factor, Belinda Feldman, Jack Forman, Viviann Freifeld, Jean Gaylis, Roland and Myrice Goldberg, Tanya Goodman, Guily Hanono, Dave Hastings, Cheryl Horn, Janet Klein, Tara Klein, Nora Laiken, Marc Lebovits, Delon and Daniela Levi, Frances Lobman, Debbie Rappoport, Pam Resnikoff, Yaakov Shore, Martine Simble, Mitch Simon, Rick Venger, Gidon and Marilyn Williams, Rabbi and Shoshie Wohlgelernter, Celena Zimmerman We apologize if we have missed your name, please let us know! Special Pesach Classes Sunday, April 17th 7:30 - 8:30 p.m. Pre-pesach Class I Monday, April 18th 7:30 - 8:30 p.m. Pre-Pesach Class II * All classes start at 7:30 p.m. and last one hour. The topics will be emailed at a later date. Shul office closed from: April 23rd through May 1st Shul Office Hours... Monday through Thursday, 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. On Friday, the Office closes at 2:00 p.m. For information please call (858) 535-1196 or email [email protected] Voicemail is always on for you to leave a message. Email and voice mail will be checked and nonemergency calls returned when the office opens on May 2nd. If you need urgent assistance, please do not hesitate to call Rabbi Jeff, 619-913-2696 or email [email protected] 5 Weekly Class Schedule Would you like to Sponsor A Kiddush? Monday— Partners in Torah..................................................8:00 p.m. Pirkei Avos...........................................................8:00 p.m. Tuesday— Women’s Class Mesillat Yesharim......................11:00 a.m. Wednesday— Women’s Class/Lashon Hara............................11:00 a.m. Prophets/Mishlei�����������������������������������������������7:45 p.m Thursday— Parsha of the Week������������������������������������������7:45 p.m As we have grown, our kiddush needs have grown too. There are now available a range of sponsorships for Shabbos Kiddush. The fee schedule for these various sponsorships is as follows: ♦Primary Sponsor $295 (designated as such in the bulletin). All co-sponsors of kiddush $175. ♦ For that very special celebration: Deluxe Kiddush $700. Daf Yomi/Talmud-in-Depth Schedule Monday - Thursday—Talmud 1.........................6:00 a.m. Sunday — Talmud in Depth...............................7:45 a.m. Monday – Friday—Talmud in Depth.................7:30 a.m. Saturday — Talmud in Depth.............................8:00 a.m. Sunday - Friday— Daf Yomi.........................See calendar The food differs for each kiddush, so please email the Shul office at [email protected] for details. To sponsor a Kiddush please contact Annette at the Shul office. Weekly Services Minyon Schedule Upcoming DATES For Kiddushim: April 9th & 16th May 7th, 14th, 21st & 28th Shabbat Friday Mincha............................................See Calendar Sh’ma: Latest Time....................................See Calendar Shabbat Morning Hashkama Minyon.................7:50 a.m. Shabbat Morning...............................................9:00 a.m. Shabbat Mincha.........................................See Calendar Volunteers Needed for Our Security Weekdays Sunday Sharcharit............................................8:30 a.m. Monday & Thursday Sharcharit........................6:30 a.m. Tuesday, Wednesday & Friday Shacharit.........6:45 a.m. Sunday - Thursday Mincha/Ma’ariv............See Calendar If you would like to assist us in keeping our community safe, please volunteer your service or fulfill the duties assigned to you. Anyone wishing to be added for security duty can email the office or speak with Mike Aron or Danny Kaplan. For those who like to read the weekly bulletin at home, please remember that you can get this bulletin online at www.adatyeshurun.org it is posted there every Friday! Gala Committee Request WE NEED YOUR HELP The silent auction committee is on the lookout for items or services that can be sold at the gala. If you have anything you think might be of interest, or have a contact who might have any items or services of interest, please contact Yael Aires at yaelaires@ gmail.com or Bev Pamensky at bevpamensky@ san.rr.com Do you know someone who is ill, could use our prayers, or a visit? If so, the Rabbi and the Shul’s Board of Directors ask that you please share this with the Rabbi as he would appreciate having the information and offering his services. Please call 858-535-1196 or e-mail [email protected] if you have questions or information. The committee will also be needing baskets or interesting boxes to pack items into for display at the event. If you have any to donate, that would be appreciated. 6 7 Adat Yeshurun Youth Events!!! 8 Adat Yeshurun Wednesday Boys Club!! 9 Adat Yeshurun Wednesday Girls Club!! 10 11 THE LAWS AND CUSTOMS OF PESACH When is Chometz Prohibited? Starting from the morning of Erev Pesach, Friday, April 22nd, through the entire eight days of the festival, we abstain from eating any chometz or leaven, i.e. food which contains grains and has been subjected to even the slightest amount of moisture for a period of approximately 18 minutes before baking. One should abstain from all food in which there is even the most minute amount of chometz, which may render an entire product unsuitable for use. Wheat, rye, barley, oats, all grain and grain derivatives, food and drinks made from grain or containing grain are subject to the laws of chometz. Grain vinegar and products containing grain vinegar such as pickles are chometz. (Kosher-for-Pesach vinegar will be of the apple cider variety). All articles made with flour such as matzah (ironically even matzah can be chometz!) cakes, macaroons and cookies require reliable endorsement by a reputable Orthodox Rabbi. Only endorsed matzah meal or potato starch may be used for baking. Under no circumstance, may ordinary flour be used since it is likely to have been in contact with water, and hence, is chometz. Among Jews of Ashkenazic descent, rice, corn, peas and other legumes are not eaten in either raw or cooked state. Fresh fruits and non-legume fresh vegetables, e.g. spinach, cauliflower, broccoli, lettuce, tomatoes, carrots and potatoes may be eaten without special supervision. Most other products, however, including candy, soft drinks, wines, liquors, canned food, dried fruits, coffee and cocoa should not be purchased without proper endorsement. Many soaps, cosmetics, medicines and vitamins contain alcohol and/or starch and hence, are chometz. Some brands, however, are not. It is preferable to buy enough eggs and milk for the entire Passover festival before Pesach since chickens and cows are often fed grain mixtures containing chometz. When buying packaged food products, do not purchase any products unless the Kosher L’Pesach sign is given by a reliable Orthodox Rabbi or certifying organization. Some examples of reliable certifications are: OU, OK, Star-K, Chof-K, MK (Montreal Kosher), COR (Toronto), Badatz (Israel), Chug Chatam Sofer (Israel), Heart-K. The Kosher for Passover certification should be printed on the label itself rather than a loose sticker which could be easily added to the product by an unscrupulous merchant. This year there are many new products available at Ralphs and our Kosher establishments in town. In the local kosher establishments everything sold is under the supervision of the Va’ad Harabonim of San Diego and therefore is approved. This, however, is not true in Ralphs. There are many products available there which have non-recommended certification (i.e. marshmallows). When in doubt—Ask the Rabbi. Besides being prohibited on Pesach, it is also prohibited to eat chometz on erev Pesach, from the fifth (Halachic) hour, 10:09 a.m. on Friday, April 22nd, one may no longer eat chometz and all chometz must be burned or sold by 11:20a.m. on Friday, April 22nd. After Pesach, any chometz that was owned by a Jew during Pesach may not be eaten. Therefore, after Pesach one may not purchase chometz or mixtures containing chometz from a store owned by a Jew who did not sell his or her chometz. How Much Chometz is Chometz? The prohibition of chometz is different from all other prohibitions dealing with food. In all other prohibitions one has to eat a minimum size in order to have transgressed the prohibition. Also, if one made a mistake and mixed some of the prohibited food with other foods, often the prohibited foods would be bottul, or nullified, in 60 times the amount of permissible food. Whereas, by the prohibition of chometz there is no bittul, nullification. There are two explanations that are given for the reason why this prohibition is stricter than all others. Rashi explains that the punishment for eating chometz is “kores”, or spiritual excision, and therefore is an added precaution so that one does not transgress this prohibition. Chometz is prohibited in a mashehu, in any amount. This extra precaution makes sense seeing that the actual food stuff of chometz is permissible the rest of the year and therefore we are afraid that a person might forget on Pesach and out of habit eat that food in error. The Rambam considers chometz as a substance that is only prohibited for a certain amount of time. We have a general rule in the Talmud that something that is prohibited only for a specific amount of time can never be nullified in any number of permissible items. Since after Pesach the chometz will once again technically be permissible, therefore on Pesach no matter how much chometz is found inside of a foodstuff, the entire foodstuff becomes chometz. As one can see, the prohibition of eating chometz on Pesach is so serious that we go to great pains to ensure that not only is there no chometz in our foodstuffs, but that there is no chometz at all in any of the things that we own. Therefore dishes, utensils, kitchenware—anything that was used with chometz where there is a potential that chometz can once again emerge into any of the food that we use on Pesach, we ensure that those items are chometz-free. In cases where the items cannot be made chometz-free, then we use separate items for the entire festival of Pesach. 12 MORE LAWS AND CUSTOMS Dishes and Utensils Kashering Appliances Ovens We have learned that eating chometz on Pesach is prohibited by the Torah as is owning Chometz on Pesach. Not only is there a prohibition against eating actual chometz, even eating mixtures containing chometz is also prohibited. Not only is eating chometz or its mixtures prohibited, but even food prepared in a vessel that was used with chometz, may also be prohibited. This Halacha applies even if we are certain that the vessel or utensil was perfectly clean. We keep very clean kitchens and we assume when we see a clean pot that there is no chometz in that pot. However, vessels absorb the taste of food and therefore when used with Pesach food the taste penetrates the food and one could end up eating chometz on Pesach. Thus it is essential to have separate pots, dishes, silverware and the like, which were not used for chometz for exclusive Pesach use. In a case where it is impossible or difficult to have separate utensils, etc., one can, under certain circumstances, kasher or prepare those vessels for use on Pesach. Self-cleaning: The self-cleaning oven is relatively easy to kasher. First, clean the stove thoroughly. Second, turn the oven to self clean and set the times for a half hour longer than the oven has ever been used. Nonself cleaning: The oven must be cleaned thoroughly (as if you were going to resell it) including the racks, with a caustic cleaner and left for 24 hours. Then you should turn the oven to the highest setting and leave it on for approximately 1 hour. Microwave: Do not use oven for 24 hours. Thoroughly clean all the surfaces in the oven. The insert tray should be covered with cardboard or styrofoam. Place a utensil with water in the microwave bringing it to a boil, allowing steam to fill up the microwave. Stoves Electric: The burners should be turned on to the highest heat and left for 10 minutes after they turn red. Gas: The grates should be cleaned and either kashered in the oven or by keeping the grate over the fire, on each side, for 10 minutes. Corning cooking range: Allow it to heat up until the entire range top is very hot. Stove Tops: Enamel: Can not be kashered. The top should be cleaned and covered with heavy aluminum foil, cutting out holes for the burners. Stainless Steel Top: Do not use for 24 hours, clean with a caustic cleaner and then pour boiling water from a pot or kettle over the entire area, ensuring that every part of the stove top is reached by the water. Pans and rings made of metal: May be kashered by leaving for 24 hours and then either purged in boiling water, or kashered with the self cleaning oven. Kashering Utensils Kashering utensils for Pesach should preferably be completed before the fifth hour on Erev Pesach of a regular year, and on Friday in a year when erev Pesach falls on Shabbas. Not all materials can be kashered. Vessels made of wood, stone, natural rubber and metal may be kashered. However, items made from plastic, melmac, nylon, china, earthenware, porcelain, glassware used for cooking and baking, Corningware, Corelle, Pyrex, Duralex, Formica, enamel, enamel covered pots, Teflon, and Silverstone cannot be kashered. Sieves, strainers, graters, grinders, rolling pins, kneading boards, utensils that have rust and dirt that cannot be removed or cracks, crevices and patches may not be kashered for Pesach. The underlying principle for kashering is that the way that the prohibition was absorbed is the way that it will be removed. For example, if the vessel absorbed chometz by being cooked on a stove in a liquid, then that is the way that the vessel will expel chometz. Therefore, there are different methods of kashering vessels. The first method which is used for pots on the fire and stirring spoons and the like, is called “hagallah”, or purging through boiling. The second method used for kashering of utensils is called “libun”, which is done on utensils which were used with fire or heat without water, i.e. spits, baking pans, etc. Libun requires one of two methods. Either a thorough libun or simple libun. A thorough libun requires the heating of the vessel until it becomes red-hot, whereas simple libun requires that the heat penetrate sufficiently throughout the entire vessel. Another method of kashering utensils is for glass utensils that we use for cold items. This is done by a 72 hour immersion and refilling in regular water. For details of these methods of kashering the Rabbi should be consulted. It is preferable, when possible, to use dishes, cutlery, glasses, pots and pans that are especially set aside for Pesach which have never come in contact with chometz. However, under certain conditions, some of the utensils used throughout the year may also be used on Pesach if they are properly kashered (made kosher). Refrigerators and Freezers: Wash out thoroughly. Dishwashers: Unless it is stainless steel with new racks, it should not be used on Pesach. Broilers, Toaster Ovens, Food Processors, Mixers, Coffee Makers: Are very hard to kasher for Pesach. In case of great need, contact the Rabbi. Sinks: Stainless steel: Don’t use hot for 24 hours and then kasher by pouring boiling water from a pot or kettle over every area of the surface of the sink. Enamel: Can not be kashered. Clean them thoroughly and line with tinfoil and a sink insert. Counter Tops: Unless stainless steel, can not be kashered and should be completely cleaned and covered (i.e. with contact paper or foil.)be completely cleaned and covered (i.e. with contact paper or foil.) 13 MORE LAWS AND CUSTOMS Checking for Chometz Bedikas Chometz Tablecloths, Dish towels: Tablecloths and dish towels that have come in contact with chometz may be used on Pesach provided they were thoroughly washed before the holiday. Starched tablecloths, however, may not be used on Pesach at all, because starch may contain flour. The following is a partial list of those items that can be kashered for Pesach and the type of method that is used to kasher them. Pots (which were used to cook chometz in liquid)—Hagallah* Spits and baking pans (which were used over the fire without liquid) Libun gamur* Frying Pans—Libun* Metal spoons and forks—Hagallah* Kiddush Cups—Hagallah* Metal Water Urn—Hagallah* Shabbat Blech—Libun gamur* *(Hagallah is the boiling process Libun gamur is heated until the metal glows Libun kal is heated to a high heat) “Blessed art Thou, Hashem, our G-d, Ruler of the universe, Who made us holy with His commandments, and commanded us to remove the leaven.” (S)He and other members of the family then proceed from room to room, searching for chometz by the light of a candle (and flashlight) and gather the crumbs in a container for burning the following morning. (S)He goes on to inspect closets, cupboards, pockets of clothes, under furniture, etc. By no means does the mere gathering of the previously prepared crumbs constitute the Bedika. The Bedika calls for a comprehensive search of any spot where a bit of chometz may have fallen. The statement, “Any leaven that may still be in the house, which I have not seen or have not removed, shall be as if it does not exist, and as the dust of the earth.” (in the Haggadah), is then recited in a language one understands, thereby renouncing ownership of any chometz which was not found during the Bedika. The chometz found during bedika, including the gathered crumbs, and any chometz left to be eaten the next morning should be put away to prevent the spreading of any crumbs. Getting Rid of Chometz Mechiras Chometz Selling the Chometz Who Performs the Bedika? The Prohibition against chometz on Pesach is unique in that, not only may chometz not be eaten on Pesach, but a Jew may not even own chometz. However, if a Jew violated this law and did have chometz in his possession during Pesach, that chometz is forbidden to be eaten by any Jew forever, even after Pesach. If one cannot dispose of all chometz before the approach of the holiday, he must arrange for a formal ‘Mechiras Chometz’ or sale of that chometz to a non-Jew. It is customary to authorize an Orthodox Rabbi to act as one’s agent to sell chometz. On the last page of this bulletin you will find a form for the sale of chometz. Fill it in and bring it to the Rabbi by Thursday, April 21st. All chometz in your possession that is to be sold to the non-Jew should be collected and placed in one place or closed in a cabinet by 11:20 a.m. on Friday, April 22nd,. Similarly, all dishes, cutlery and pots and pans which come in contact with chometz during the year should be placed in a special chest, closet, cabinet or room until after Pesach. If the closet or room has no lock, the door should be fastened with twine or tape, and in no case may it be opened until after the holiday. (Note: It is the chometz in the dishes or the pots that is being sold to the non-Jew, and not the dishes or pots themselves. The final search for chometz, after dark (after 8:06 p.m.) on Thursday, April 21st is done to insure that not the smallest bit of chometz has been overlooked, is called Bedikas Chometz. The procedure is as follows: It is customary to place 10 small pieces of bread (on napkins, so no crumbs may be lost) at the windows, on the dressers, etc., which are to be gathered together during the Bedika. The head of the family says the Brocha of ‘al Biyur Chometz’, The obligation to perform bedikas chometz rests on the owner of the house or on the tenant. The person who has the responsibility for the bedika can appoint a representative to assist him or to perform the bedika for him. If a person is not going to be home on the 14th of Nisan, (during a year when erev Pesach falls on Shabbas, the 13th of Nisan) then a representative may be appointed to do that bedika. If no representative is available, then the person is required to perform the bedika on the evening before he leaves. When the bedika is done early it should be done by candlelight and following the bedika one is required to nullify the chometz which he has not seen similar to the requirement on the night of the 14th (13th). If he forgot to perform the bedika at night he is required to perform the bedika during the day. Most Poskim hold that whenever the bedika is performed before the 14th of Nisan (during a year when erev Pesach falls on Shabbas, the 13th of Nisan), no brocha is recited. This year the Bedika falls on Thursday, April 21st after dark (after 8:06 p.m.), on the 13th of Nisan, and the bracha is recited unless one performs bedika before the above date. Latest Chometz Meal Chometz may not be eaten after 10:09 a.m. on Friday, April 22nd. Note: In order to enhance the taste of the matzah that we will be eating at the seder, matzah may not be eaten the entire day. 14 MORE LAWS AND CUSTOMS Biyur Chometz Destruction of the Chometz Chol Ha-moed Intermediate days of the festival All remaining chometz that has not been eaten or sold to the non-Jew (usually the crumbs found during the bedika and the leftovers from breakfast) should be burned and destroyed. The chometz should be destroyed no later than 11:20 a.m. Friday, April 22nd. As a service to the community, the Rabbi sponsors a communal chometz burning at the Shul on Friday, April 22nd at 8:30 a.m. The Kol Chamira must be recited—“Any leaven that may still be in the house, which I have or have not seen, which I have or have not removed, shall be as if it does not exist, and as the dust of the earth”, which is formal renunciation of ownership, is again recited in a language that one understands. Of the eight days of Passover, the first two and the last two are full holidays. The middle four days are holidays but of a somewhat “lesser” sanctity. The laws of chometz (as discussed above) are, of course, fully applicable; the special prayers of Hallel and Musaf are recited, and in general, one should conduct oneself in a festive manner. It is also proper to refrain from doing any work unless such activity is necessary to prevent financial loss or to enhance the enjoyment of the holiday. (For an excellent discussion, in English, on these little known laws, see Chol Ha-moed by Rabbis Dovid Zucker and Moshe Francis). There are divergent customs whether one should wear tefillin on Chol Ha-moed in view of its semi-Yom Tov status. (Tefillin are not worn on either Shabbos or Yom Tov.) Consult the Rabbi for the proper procedure to be followed. Shmurah Matzah Chometz after Pesach All matzah eaten on Passover must be prepared in such a manner as to ensure against the fermentation of the flour. However, the matzahs eaten on the first two nights of Passover (i.e. the Seder nights) require additional stringencies in their preparation. It is not enough to know that these matzahs have not become “chometz” (or fermented). They must also be guarded from the earliest stages of their processing in fulfillment of the Biblical verse: “And you shall guard the matzahs.” (Sh’moth (Exodus) 12:17), Matzahs that are “guarded” in this way are referred to as “shmurah matzah” or “guarded matzah.” Although some people eat only shmurah matzah throughout the entire eight days of Passover, it is mandatory only on the two Seder nights. What type of precautions are required for shmurah matzah? Care is taken to reap the wheat before the kernels are fully ripe. (If the wheat would be permitted to remain out in the field after becoming completely dry, then rain water might cause fermentation.) The grains are examined to make sure that they haven’t split and are not sprouting. In the mill they are guarded from contact with any moisture and all the processes of grinding, packing, and transporting the flour are done with clean and dry utensils. In the bakery, the special care continues from the moment of sifting the flour until the completion of the baking. All utensils and machinery are scrubbed every eighteen minutes to ensure their cleanliness. Any chometz that was owned by a Jew during Pesach may not be eaten by any Jew at any time, even after Pesach. Counting the Omer The second night of Pesach begins a period of counting forty-nine days which culminates in the holiday of Shavuos (which commemorates the receiving of the Torah). In anticipation of our receiving the Torah, as each day passes and a new day begins (in Jewish law, each day begins at nightfall), we eagerly recite a blessing and count the days. (See Siddur for the complete text—essentially for the first six days one simply says, “This is ___ days in the Omer”. On the seventh day, “This is seven days which is one week in the Omer.” On the eighth day, “This is eight days which is one week and one day in the Omer.”) The reference to the “Omer” lies in the fact that on the second day of Pesach, an Omer (or measure) of barley was brought in the Temple as an offering of thanks to G-d. The Torah commands us to commence our counting from the date of this sacrifice. (See Vayikra 23:15). If one forgets to count during the night, one may count the proper date in the daytime without a blessing and then continue to count the remaining days (at night) with a blessing. If one failed to count even in the day, then the remaining days must be counted without a blessing. 15 DO IT RIGHT ON SEDER NIGHT A GUIDE TO THE SEDER PREPARING YOUR TABLE NOW LET’S BEGIN The following items are necessary to be at the table at the start of the Seder: First we recite the order of the Seder. Everyone pours someone else’s cup of wine (a symbol of freedom) and we begin the Seder. 3 Shmurah Matzos. KADAISH Wine available for every participant to drink four cups during the Seder. (It is preferable to use red wine). The head of the household recites Kiddush over a cup of red wine. Every member, even children, must have their own cup of wine in front of them during Kiddush, since we are all obligated to drink 4 cups on Pesach night. However, all we need do is answer Amen to Kiddush and drink - no Brocha should be recited by the individual unless the whole kiddush is being recited. The cup of wine should hold at least 3.3 ounces and at least most of the cup should be drunk in two sips. Men should drink the wine while reclining. Both men and women are obligated to drink 4 cups of wine. Salt Water. Seder Plate consisting of the following: Karpas: Either celery, parsley or boiled potato. Beitza: Roasted hard boiled egg in commemoration of the Chagiga or festival offering eaten at the Seder meal in the times of the Temple. Z’roa: Roasted bone (chicken or meat) with some meat on it, in commemoration of the Paschal lamb. U’RCHATZ After Kiddush the hands are washed. No Bracha is recited for this washing. Charoset: Mixture of grated apples, nuts, cinnamon and other spices and red wine. The Charoset symbolizes the mortar which the Jews had to prepare in Egypt. Marror: KARPAS After everyone has washed, the Karpas is taken by everyone. The Karpas is dipped into salt water. The Brocha of Borei Pri Ha’adamah is recited. Care should be taken to eat only a very small amount of Karpas (less than a kezayis). When making the Brocha one should have in mind that the Brocha will also apply as well to the Marror which will be eaten later. Most authorities hold that we do not lean for Karpas. Romaine lettuce (Romaine lettuce requires thorough cleaning and inspection for insects) or pure grated (or whole) horseradish (Note: Horseradish from a jar is not acceptable). Chazeres: Since Marror is eaten twice at the Seder, a second Marror is placed on the Seder plate. Most people put Romaine lettuce on the spot for Chazeres and Horseradish on the spot for Marror. YACHATZ We now break the middle matzoh. The larger piece is placed inside a cloth or holder to be used later for the Afikomen. It has become common practice to let the children hide or find the Afikomen in order to keep them awake and alert. Ha Lachma Anya is recited. The second cup of wine is filled in order to recite the Haggadah over it. (Note: You do not have to place enough of each of the above items on the Seder plate for each person. You can have a bit of each on the Seder plate and place other dishes, each with the particular food around the table for everyone to take from.) Optional Kittel - for married men. Pillows for each man to aid them when they lean to the left at different points in the Seder (leaning is not optional). MAGID We now begin to tell the story of Pesach as is found in our Haggadah. The youngest asks the Mah Nishtanah (even if they are older persons) Both men and women have an obligation to recite the Haggadah. At “Vehi Sheamdah” the Kiddush cups are raised. When we say “Dam, Va’eish, V’simros Ashan”, and then the ten plagues, we either spill wine directly from the cup or remove it with our index finger. When we reach “Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says”, we refill the cups of wine. A special bag or holder for Afikomen. Special Matzoh cover (round) with 3 compartments for the three Matzohs. 16 More about the SEDER... TZAFUN When we say the paragraph of Rabban Gamliel, and we speak of the Matzoh and Marror, we lift them up. We do not lift the shank bone as it is only a remembrance of the Korban Pesach. At Lifeekoch we lift our cups for the Hallel. We now recite the Brocha Borei Pri Hagofen on the second cup of wine. Men should recline while drinking the second cup of wine. Eating the Afikomen The afikomen sits in place of the paschal lamb which is considered one of the main features of Pesach. Many families have the custom that the children look for the afikomen during the seder, steal it, then bargain for its safe return at this time. After the afikomen is eaten reclining, nothing else is eaten so that we go to sleep with the taste of the afikomen. The third cup is then poured. RACHTZAH We now wash our hands for the Motzi. A Brocha is recited. MOTZI MATZAH BARECH After all present have washed the leader lifts all 3 Matzahs and recites “Hamotzi Lechem min Ha’aretz”. The bottom Matzah is put down and the Brocha “Al Achilas Matzah” is recited over the broken middle Matzah and the top Matzah. One may not make an interruption until after the eating of the korech sandwich. For motzi matzah one should eat approximately 1/2 of a hand shmurah matzah, or 2/3 of a machine shmurah matzah. To fulfill the mitzvah of eating matzah, men must lean while eating the matzah. Since there won’t be enough matzah from the leader’s matzahs for everyone present to eat the required amount, everyone should receive a little piece from the leader, and add on other matzah to make up the required amount. Birchat Hamazon, Grace After Meals, is recited. At the end of grace, everyone drinks the third cup, after reciting its blessing. HALLEL Recitation of songs of praise. NIRTZAH Pray to G-d that he accepts our observance and speedily sends the Messiah. MARROR Now everyone takes either grated horseradish (not from a bottle) or romaine lettuce (which has been cleaned well) to fulfill the mitzvah of eating marror. If Romaine lettuce is being used, one should eat the amount of leaves that will cover an area of 8 x 10”. If only the stalks will be eaten, they should cover an area of 3 x 5”. If horseradish is being used, it should measure 1.1 fluid ounces. The Brocha of “al achilas marror” is recited. Marror is eaten, without leaning. The marror is dipped LIGHTLY into the charoses. Visitors from Israel A Jew from Eretz Yisroel who is visiting the diaspora during Pesach is bound by the laws and customs of both the place from which he comes (Eretz Yisroel) and the place he is visiting for Pesach. On The Second Day of Pesach It is prohibited to do any melacha (any of the Yom Tov prohibitions) the entire day even in private. Many people make the mistake of thinking that since they consider themselves as Jews of Eretz Yisroel, they only need to keep one day Yom Tov, as if they would be considered a ben Eretz Yisroel. This is a VERY SERIOUS MISTAKE! First, even those who are keeping one day Yom Tov legitimately may not do any melacha in public. Second, once one is earning a living in America and is here for an unspecified, or prolonged time, he is responsible to conduct himself like a ben chutz la‘aretz. KORECH We now make a sandwich of matzah and marror. One should take approximately 1/4 of a hand matzah, or 1/3 of a machine matzah from the bottom matzah. The amount of marror is the same as it was for marror. The sandwich is dipped lightly in charoses. Korech is eaten while reclining. SHULCHAN ORECH We now eat the seder meal. Many have the custom of beginning the meal with an egg and salt water. Contrary to common practice, the meal is not the most significant part of the seder. Its purpose is to fulfill the obligation of a Yom Tov meal. We still need to leave room for the afikomen and the last two cups of wine. May it be Hashem’s will that together we all return to Eretz Yisroel so that it will no longer be a question as to how many days of Yom Tov we are meant to keep. May we be zocheh to see the rebuilding of Jerusalem speedily in our days, so that we may be oleh. 17 THIS PASSOVER INVEST IN ISRAEL BONDS INVEST IN ISRAEL BONDS ∙ ISRAELBONDS.COM Development Corporation for Israel/Israel Bonds 1950 Sawtelle Boulevard, Suite 370 ∙ Los Angeles, CA 90025 [email protected] ∙ 800.922.6637 This is not an offering, which can be made only by prospectus. Read the prospectus carefully before investing to fully evaluate the risks associated with investing in Israel bonds. Member FINRA. Photo: tomertu/123RF.com 18 April 2016 Adat Yeshurun Calendar Adar II/Nisan 5776 sunday monday tuesday wednesday thursday rabbi's classes will be cancelled from April 6 - Ap ril 13, unless as otherwise noted in the calendar. Rabbi will be conducting the sale of Chametz until Tuesday, April 5th and then again from April 14th until 11:20 a.m. on April 22nd. Please do not wait until the last minute. 3 7:45 Am talmud In depth 8:30 Am shacharit 6:55 pm mincha/ ma'ariv 7:25 pm daf Yomi 4 6:00 Am talmud I 6:30 Am shacharit 7:30 Am talmud in depth 6:55 pm mincha/ ma'ariv 8:00 pm pirkei Avos/ partners in torah 5 6:00 Am talmud I 6:45 Am shacharit 7:30 Am talmud in depth 11:00 Am women's class/ mesillat Yesharim 6:55 pm mincha/ ma'ariv 7:30 pm daf Yomi 8:15 pm daf Yomi 6 6:00 Am talmud I 6:45 Am shacharit 7:30 Am talmud in depth 11:00 Am women's class/ lashon hara 7 6:30 Am shacharit 6:55 pm mincha/ ma'ariv Friday 1 6:45 Am shacharit 7:30 Am talmud in depth 6:00 pm daf Yomi 6:52 pm candles 6:55 pm mincha/ Kabbalat shabbat 8 6:45 Am shacharit 6:57 pm candles 7:00 pm mincha/ Kabbalat shabbat 7:45 Am talmud In depth 11 6:30 Am shacharit 8:30 Am shacharit 7:00 pm mincha/ ma'ariv 7:00 pm mincha/ ma'ariv 8:00 pm partners in torah 12 6:45 Am shacharit 7:00 pm mincha/ ma'ariv 13 6:45 Am shacharit 7:00 pm mincha/ ma'ariv 17 7:45 Am talmud In depth 8:30 Am shacharit 6:05 pm daf Yomi 7:05 pm mincha/ ma'ariv 7:30 pm pre-pesach class 6:00 Am 6:30 Am 7:30 Am depth 6:15 pm 7:05 pm ma'ariv 7:30 pm class 8:00 pm torah talmud I shacharit talmud in daf Yomi mincha/ pre-pesach partners in 9:00 Am shacharit 6:15 pm daf Yomi 7:10 pm mincha/ ma'ariv 8:08 pm Yom tov ends 16 NIsAN Count Omer 2 PESACH 19 6:00 Am talmud I 25 6:30 Am shacharit 7:30 Am talmud in depth 7:10 pm mincha/ ma'ariv 7:45 pm daf Yomi Count Omer 3 Intermediate Day 20 6:00 Am talmud I 6:45 Am shacharit 6:45 Am shacharit 7:30 Am talmud in depth 7:30 Am talmud in depth 7:05 pm mincha/ ma'ariv 7:05 pm mincha/ ma'ariv 7:35 pm daf Yomi 9 NIsAN 24 14 6:00 Am talmud I 6:30 Am shacharit 7:30 Am talmud in depth 7:30 pm daf Yomi 18 26 6:30 Am shacharit 21 6:00 Am talmud I 6:30 Am shacharit 7:30 Am talmud in depth 6:15 pm daf Yomi 7:05 pm mincha/ ma'ariv 8:06 pm search for chametz After SEARCH FOR CHAMETZ 6:30 Am shacharit 7:30 Am talmud in depth 7:10 pm mincha/ ma'ariv 7:45 pm daf Yomi 7:30 Am talmud in depth 7:10 pm mincha/ ma'ariv 7:45 pm daf Yomi Count Omer 4 Count Omer 5 Intermediate Day Intermediate Day 6:45 Am shacharit 7:30 Am talmud in depth 6:00 pm daf Yomi 7:02 pm candles 7:05 pm mincha/ Kabbalat shabbat 22 6:45 Am shacharit 7:30 AM Fast of the 1st Born Siyum (approx) 7:30 Am talmud in depth 10:09 Am last time to eat chametz 11:20 Am last time to Burn & sell chametz 6:25 pm daf Yomi 7:07 pm candles FIRST SEDER 28 6:30 Am shacharit 7:30 Am talmud in depth 6:30 pm daf Yomi 7:11 pm candles 7:15 pm mincha/ ma'ariv Count Omer 6 Intermediate Day Printed by Calendar Creator for Windows on 4/1/2016 19 15 7:10 pm mincha/ Kabbalat shabbat 7:35 pm daf Yomi 27 7:50 Am minyon 8:00 Am 9:00 Am 9:44 Am time 6:00 pm 6:45 pm 7:53 pm hashkama talmud in depth shacharit sh'ma: latest daf Yomi mincha shabbat ends SHABBAT PARAH Shemini 9 7:50 Am minyon 8:00 Am 9:00 Am 9:38 Am time 6:50 pm 7:58 pm hashkama talmud in depth shacharit sh'ma: latest mincha shabbat ends ROSH CHODESH Tazria 7:00 pm mincha/ ma'ariv 2 NIsAN 2 SHABBAT HACHODESH 6:55 pm mincha/ ma'ariv 24 AdAr II 10 saturday 29 8:00 Am talmud in depth 9:00 Am shacharit 6:15 pm daf Yomi 7:12 pm candles Before 7:15 pm mincha/ Kabbalat shabbat Count Omer 7 PESACH 16 7:50 Am hashkama minyon 8:00 Am talmud in depth 9:00 Am shacharit 9:33 Am sh'ma: latest time 4:15 pm daf Yomi 5:00 pm shabbat hagadol drosha 6:05 pm mincha 8:03 pm shabbat ends Metzora SHABBAT HAGADOL 23 9:00 Am shacharit 9:28 Am sh'ma: latest time 6:15 pm daf Yomi 7:00 pm mincha 8:08 pm candles After Begin Omer Count PESACH 30 8:00 Am talmud in depth 9:00 Am shacharit 9:24 Am sh'ma: latest time 11:00 Am Yizkor (approx.) 6:00 pm daf Yomi 7:00 pm mincha 8:13 pm Yom tov ends Count Omer 8 PESACH Yizkor DELEGATION OF POWER OF ATTORNEY FOR THE SALE OF CHOMETZ KNOW YE that I, ___________________________fully empower and permit Rabbi Jeffrey Wohlgelernter to act in my place and stead, and in my behalf to sell all Chometz possessed by me (knowingly or unknowingly) as defined by The Torah and Rabbinic Law (e.g. Chometz, doubt of Chometz, and all kinds of Chometz mixtures). Also Chometz that tends to harden and to adhere to the inside surface of pans, pots or cooking and usable utensils, and all kinds of live animals that have been eating Chometz or mixtures thereof. And to lease all places wherein the Chometz owned by me may be found, especially in the premises located at address)______________________________________and/or elsewhere__________________________________________________ Rabbi Wohlgelernter has the full right to sell and to lease by transactions, as he deems fit and proper and for such time which he believes necessary in accordance with all detailed terms and detailed forms as explained in the general authorization contracts which have been given this year to Rabbi Wohlgelernter to sell the Chometz. This general authorization is made a part of this agreement. Also do I hereby give the said Rabbi Wohlgelernter full power and authority to appoint a substitute in his stead with full power to sell and to lease as provided herein. The above given power is in conformity with all Torah, Rabbinical regulations and laws, and also in accordance with the laws of the State of California and of the United States. And to this I hereby affix my signature on this day of Nisan in the year 5776. SIGNATURE__________________________________ ADDRESS ___________________________________ CITY________________________________________ The legal intricacies concerning this transfer of property are many and only a competent Rabbi should be entrusted with its execution. Please indicate whether you will traveling out of the West Coast for Pesach by completing the following information: Yes, I will be in_________________(city/state/country) by Date Time________________________ . In the past, I have received forms on Yom Tov. This is obviously too late. Please make sure I have your form no later than Thursday, April 21, 2016. It is customary to make a gift directly to the Rabbi for performing this service This form should be returned in person after any class or minyon up until Thursday, April 21, 2016. 20
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