2013 Mexico Harvest Tour Report

Transcription

2013 USDBC Mexico Dry Bean Harvest Report – Spring / Summer cycle
2013 USDBC Mexico Dry Bean Harvest
Report for Spring-Summer Cycle
IN THE STATES OF CHIHUAHUA, DURANGO,
ZACATECAS, SAN LUIS POTOSI AND GUANAJUATO
This report was prepared in Spanish by an external Ag-Consultant under the coordination of
October 2013
The 2013 Mexico Harvest Update is property of the US Dry Bean Council. It is prohibited to partially or
fully publish it in writing or in any electronic format without the USDBC consent. USDBC Copyright
2013
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1.- Introduction
2.- Weather Situation
3.-2013 Spring-Summer National
Production
4.- Harvest Tour 2013.
5.- Technical Assessment
6.- Durango Harvest Conditions
7.- Zacatecas Harvest Conditions
8.- Chihuahua Harvest Conditions
9.- San Luis Potosi Harvest Conditions
10.- Guanajuato Harvest Conditions
11.- Summary
12.- Production Statistics
13.- 2013/2014 Fall Winter Planting
planning for Sinaloa and Nayarit
14.- Price Policies
15.- Market Situation
16.- Availability – Consumption Balance
2013
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INTRODUCTION
In Mexico, beans are one of the most important crops because of the number of
hectares planted and the number of producers involved. The national bean production
has suffered important changes through the years, related to the effect of the adverse
weather conditions affecting the beans,-especially drought-, given the fact that this
crop is mainly planted in rain fed land.
This crop is the second most important in terms of harvested surface with an average
of 1.16 million hectares or 3.4 million acres and a production of 1.15 million MT
representing a value of 7 thousand million pesos (US$538 million) average in the
2003-2007 period (SAGARPA 2010). Close to 570 thousand people depend on this
activity to obtain their main income, keeping approximately 20% of the product for
their own consumption. According to SAGARPA 2010 data, producers invest an average
of 35 days of work per hectare and 71% of the family members participate in this
activity, being this an important source of self-employment in the Mexican agriculture
sector.
According to SIACON’s (Agri-food Information System), in the 2011 agricultural year,
894,972 bean hectares were harvested in Mexico. 82.4% of that surface was dry land.
The harvested surface decreased 43% in comparison with 2010. The reduction was
due to the high damage caused by the unusual severe drought suffered that year and
the crop conversion program from beans to other crops with more profit potential such
as feed and some produce.
In the 2012 Spring-Summer cycle, beans were planted in 3.4 million acres or
1,364,846 hectares, 93.5% of the programmed 3.6 million acres or 1.46 million
hectares, from which 1.3 million hectares were harvested obtaining average yields of
611 kilos per hectare and a final production of 780,366 MT according to SAGARPA
2013
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In the present 2013 Spring-Summer cycle, from a programmed planting surface of
1,452,753 bean hectares, SAGARPA reported the planting of 1,540,000 hectares
planted with beans until August 31st, 2013, this is 106% of the programmed.
Considering that the rainfall behavior has been favorable in the five most important
bean states this year, it is expected that the yields will range from 750 to 830 kilos per
hectare, -except for San Luis Potosi, where they expect only 500 kilos per hectare-,
and a final production of 1 million MT of beans, and 1.2 million MT including the rest of
the states that planted beans.
Seasonal Factors
One of the influential factors in the consumption of beans is its availability in the
market place. Therefore, having a good production is as important as having the
product available throughout the year. The most abundant crops in Mexico are
obtained from September to December from the Spring-Summer cycle. That is the
time when most of the Mexican beans are traded. It is important to mention that the
U.S bean production is obtained from the end of August to the end of October,
overlapping with the Mexican bean production. Considering that the bean deficit in
Mexico is fulfilled with imports from various countries, the excess of product obstructs
the correct trading of the national production, provoking the statements and
declarations from some politicians about stopping bean imports during the harvesting
season in Mexico.
2013
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Consumption
Based on the bean production and foreign trade information available, it was estimated
that in 2011, the apparent bean consumption was 658,223 MT with a negative trend.
The reduction in the apparent consumption resulted from the low production in 2011
and 2012. In the meantime, exports grew 23.8% and imports increased 15.8%. Per
capita bean consumption, showed a negative trend in the last decade. This is
attributed to a change of consumer habits from different population sectors that have
substituted beans with other sources of protein or ready to eat processed foods.
It is estimated that in 2010, per capita bean consumption was 11 kilos, while in 2011 it
reported a great reduction down to 7-8 kilos per capita annual. In 2012 and 2013, it
was estimated that per capita consumption will be between 10 and 11 kilos annual.
Agri-Weather Situation
In Mexico, weather is determined by several factors, amongst which are: altitude in
relation with the sea level, latitude, the diverse atmospheric conditions and the current
land and water distribution. Because of these factors, this country has a diversity of
climates which in general can by classified according to its temperature as warm and
mild and according to the humidity as humid, sub-humid and very dry. Dry weather
occurs in most of the central and northern regions which accounts for 28.3 percent of
the national territory. The wind flowing in this region provokes the scarce cloudiness
and low precipitation levels of only 300 to 600 mm (0.018 to 0.036 rain inches) per
year, and average temperatures from 22° to 26° C (72° to 79° F) in some regions and
lower in other regions from 18° to 22° C (64° to 71° F).
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Rainfall Record
According to CONAGUA’s
precipitation records:
(National
Water
Commission)
data,
these
are
the
RAINFALL BEHAVIOR SPRING SUMMER CYCLES Rain inches
Month
2012 Rainfall Record
DGO.
ZAC.
Jun.
0.001
0.002
Jul.
0,008
0.007
Ago.
0.004
0.004
Sept.
0.004
0.005
Total
0.017
Median
Difference
CHIH.
2013 Rainfall Record
GTO
SLP
DGO.
ZAC
CHIH
GTO
SLP
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.05
0.009
0.007
0.012
0.009
0.012
0.014
0.006
0.006
0.004
0.003
0.008
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.008
0.013
0.008
0.011
0.010
0.014
0.014
0.017
0.014
0.026
0.031
0.029
0.032
0.030
0.027
0.028
0.027
0.035
0.056
0.027
0.028
0.027
0.035
0.056
-0.013
-0.013
-0.012
-0.017
-0.042
-0
+ 0.003
+0.02
-0.02
-0.026
0.000
0.008
0.005
0.005
0.004
0.006
Source: CONAGUA October 10th, 2013 data
As you can see in the chart above according to the National Meteorological Service, the
rainfall record in July, surpassed 0.006 rain inches (100 mm), with the highest volume
registered in the states of Guanajuato and Chihuahua with 0.012 inches or rain (204.9
mm) and 0.014 inches of rain (233.4 mm) respectively. In the month of August, the
volume of rainfall was slightly higher than in 2012, except for San Luis Potosi where it
increased from 0.04 inches of rain (78.5mm) in 2012 to 0.008 inches of rain (134.8
mm) in 2013, due to different weather events.
Later, in the month of September, as a consequence of hurricanes “Ingrid” and
“Manuel” that hit several states causing severe affectations to agriculture in the bean
states with abundant volumes of rainfall received on September 17-20th. Some beans
were damaged as a result of these events, however these precipitations were more
beneficial than damaging for the reproductive stage of the beans at that moment.
SAGARPA (Department of Agriculture) and INIFAP (Ag. Research) technicians consider
that with that rainfall received in September 17-20th, a good bean crop had been
secured.
2013
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2013 Spring-Summer National Bean Production
The Mexican bean production in the 2011 Spring-Summer cycle was 368,182 MT and in
2012 S-S was 777,988 MT. It is estimated that this 2013, bean production will reach
1.2 million MT.
HARVEST TOUR 2013
The assessment started on October 10th, 2013, visiting the most significant bean
areas in the states of: Zacatecas, Durango, Chihuahua, San Luis Potosi and
Guanajuato. During the different visits to the bean fields, the following factors were
assessed: bean development, weather, plague and disease affectations, and cultivation
package (fertilizer-plague control-certified seed or not), final quality of the grain and
trading prices, as well as yields obtained in the different locations.
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Technical Assesment
The objective of this task, was to evaluate the qualitative aspects and yields, biotic and
abiotic factors, final grain quality, and price scales in each of the production areas in
the states of Zacatecas, Durango, Chihuahua, San Luis Potosi and Guanajuato.
During this activity that took place from October 10-15th, 2013, a total of 87
communities were visited: 27 in Zacatecas, 25 in Durango, 13 in Chihuahua, 13 in San
Luis Potosi and 8 in Guanajuato.
It must be mentioned that ASERCA (Sagarpa’s Ag. Trade Agency) made a satellite
imaging evaluation of the planting surface in the first days of August, and they are
programmed to do another one this month of October. The first outcome of this
evaluation is that the planting surface in Zacatecas, Durango and Chihuahua is 20%
smaller than that reported by SIAP (Sagarpa’s Ag Information System). However, the
bean States’ governments consider that ASERCA’s announcement on this evaluation
about the bean planted areas and possible production is trying to send a message of
“lower than expected” bean production in order to avoid the prices to fall and also to
reduce the trading support resources in each of these states.
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Communities Visited
Entity
Municipality
Community
Durango
Nombre de Dios
Nombre de Dios, Francisco Murguía
& La Parrilla
Vicente Guerrero
Vicente Guerrero
Poanas
La Joya, Cieneguilla, Estación
Poanas, Villa Unión & Villita de San
Atenogenes.
Zacatecas
Guadalupe Victoria
2 de Abril, Ignacio Ramírez, Calixto
Contreras, Felipe Carrillo Puerto,
Ignacio Allende, J. Guadalupe
Rodriguez, Antonio Amaro, Santa
Catalina de Sena, Álvaro Obregón
& Ejido Guadalupe Victoria.
Cuencamé
Ramón Corona & Cuauhtémoc
Pánuco de Coronado
Gerónimo
Hernández,
Ignacio
Zaragoza & Francisco I. Madero.
Peñón Blanco
J. Agustín Castro
Fresnillo
Las Jarrillas, Emancipación, San
Onofre, San Gerónimo, La Florida,
Pedro de Abrego, Marcos de
Abrego, Refugio de Abrego, 1° de
Mayo & Luis de Abrego.
Calera
Calera
Cañitas
La Boquilla
Sombrerete
Ejido Sombrerete, Colonia Flores
García, Colonia Charco Blanco,
Colonia Alfredo Bonfil, Colonia
Felipe Ángeles, Colonia González
Ortega, Colonia Hidalgo, Colonia
José María Morelos, Luis Moya.
General
Murguía.
Francisco
R
Ejido Francisco R. Murguía.
Juan Aldama
Ejido Juan Aldama, Ojitos.
Miguel Auza
Ejido Miguel Auza, Campo 10 la
Honda.
Luis Moya
Ejido Luis Moya.
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Chihuahua
Guanajuato
San Luis Potosí
Cusihuiriachic
Campo no. 28
Namiquipa
Ejido Benito Juárez.
Chihuahua
El Vallecillo
RivaPalacio
Campo 72.
Gran Morelos
La Paz, Laborcita de San Javier.
General Trias
Santa Rosa.
Belisario Domínguez
Belisario Domínguez.
Carichic
Carbajales de Arriba, Chopeque,
Carbajales de Abajo.
Bachiniva
Rancho Colorado y Márquez.
Cuauhtémoc
Anáhuac.
San Felipe
Laguna de Guadalupe, San Pedro
de Almoloyan, Providencia de
Guadalupe,
San
Martin
del
Mezquite.
Ocampo
El Potrero, Ibarra, La Haciendita,
La Tinaja.
Villa de Ramos
Villa de Ramos, Salitral de Carrera,
Los Hernández, San Francisco, El
Barril & Saúz de Calera
Salinas
Azogueros, Salitrillo, La Palma y
San Jose de Punteros
Santo Domingo
Illescas, Jesús María & La Victoria
Durango Harvest Conditions
Bean planting in Durango reached its highest this 2013 in comparison with 2011 and
2012, passing from 220 thousand to 288 thousand hectares, 30% more in comparison
with previous years.
This is because of the good precipitations that occurred in the months of July and
September motivating many producers that normally plant corn and oats to take the
risk and switch to beans, besides that in 2013, the federal government did not release
the stimulus support for the crop conversion program.
As rainfall started to arrive in July and first days of August, the federal government
offered subsidized certified bean seed to the producers and the planting generalized in
this state until reaching the 288 thousand hectares vs. the 220 thousand they had
programmed. This means that they planted 130%.
2013
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Although the recommended planting season starts on July 1 st and ends on August 5th,
most of the beans were planted in the second half of July, when the soil had de best
moisture conditions. It is estimated that 20% of the surface was planted in the first
half of July, 75% in the second half of July and the remaining 5% in the first 10 days
of August.
From the total dry bean planted surface, SAGARPA-SIAP, -based on the planting
reports and evaluations made in conjunction with the producers and PROMAF
(SAGARPA’s Corn & Beans Program)-, estimated that the varieties planted are: 85% of
the surface Pinto Saltillo, 8% Black beans and 7% colored beans such as Flor de Mayo,
Canario, Garbancillo and Bayo.
Until the date of the field
assessment, it can be concluded
that 35% of the beans are from
good to excellent, estimating
yields of 910 to 1,050 Kg/Ha.
31% from good, to very good,
estimating yields of 800 to 900
Kg/Ha. The remaining 34% is
considered from regular to good
with estimated yields of 500 to
740 Kg/Ha.
The communities where the
highest yields were observed are:
Ignacio
Ramírez,
Ignacio
Zaragoza, Fco. I. Madero, La Joya, Gerónimo Hernández & Felipe Carrillo Puerto. The
lowest yields were observed in the following communities: La Parrilla, Villa Unión, Sta.
Clara y Cieneguilla & Ignacio López Rayón, mainly because of the lowest volume of
rainfall received, lack of cultivation, with great amounts of weed competing with the
beans, lack of soil moisture, sunlight and space, limiting the bean’s development and
yields.
Regarding the weed population, it must be mentioned that as these remain more time
in the fields, its density increases limiting the growth of the bean plants.
Grain Quality
The grain quality in general can be considered as good. In most of the communities we
found good size, good specific weight, good color and texture grains and minimum
insect damage. In contrast, we observed some fields in Santa Clara municipality,
which had a lower development and smaller grains.
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Cultivation
It was found that most of the bean
producers did not use a Cultivation
Package (fertilizer-plague controlimproved or certified seed) for dry
land beans. It is considered that
only 15% of the producers use
some type of insecticide or
fertilizer and improved seed.
Production costs range from 4,900
to 5,700 pesos per hectare
(US$377 to US$438 exch. rate
13.00 MX/US)
CROP CONVERSION PROGRAM
Contrasting with 2012 when more
than 200 thousand hectares of
other crops such as oats, feed corn, feed sorghum and barley were established, this
2013 the Federal government did not allot resources for this program, prioritizing the
planting of human consumption grains.
Nevertheless, through the “Drought Support Program”, SAGARPA delivered subsidized
seed to plant 30 thousand hectares of oats and 4,500 hectares of sorghum.
In the case of Sunflower, SAGARPA’s State Delegate Francisco Herrera and the
President of the State’s Sunflower Committee, commented that in this 2013 cycle, they
finally established 1,300 hectares
of sunflower in the following
municipalities
by
order
of
importance: Guadalupe Victoria,
Cuencamé, Durango, Nombre de
Dios, Poanas, Vicente Guerrero,
Pánuco de Coronado & Peñón
Blanco. Sunflower planting was
made during the entire month of
July and first days of August and
harvesting is expected to resume
in
November
15th,
ending
December 15th. The expected yield
is 1 MT per hectare with a total
estimated production of 1,300 MT
in the state. Production costs were
from 3,800 to 4,000 pesos per
hectare (US$292 x.rate 13.00 MX/US). The contracted price with PEPSICO was 6,480
pesos per MT (US$498), plus the extra support to the producer through SAGARPAASERCA program Pro-Oilseeds is 1,500 pesos per MT (US$115).
In Zacatecas they also planted close to 1,500 sunflower hectares.
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Security Issues
The high insecurity -kidnapping and extortioninhibited
the
planting
in
2011
in
the
municipalities
where
the
“well-established”
producers live. In 2012, these producers
perceived less violence and planted larger
surfaces with the hope of recovering the losses of
the previous year because of the drought. In
2013 the same producers consider that the
violent events continued decreasing to a
minimum and their agricultural activities are back
to normal levels.
Prices and Trading
One of the factors causing a negative trend in
prices paid to the producers is the lack of a
government trading scheme which has caused
constant strong demonstrations by organizations’
leaders and legislators in Durango and Zacatecas.
The Federal government through ASERCA-SAGARPA has declared that bean prices will
be defined by the market’s supply-demand and they will not establish a reference
price. Bean elevators in the production areas are taking advantage of this situation to
reduce to the minimum the prices paid to producers.
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The only support announced by ASERCA (SAGARPA’s Trading Services Agency) for
2013, is the subsidy of the quality certification for bean elevators appointed by the
government “Acopiadores”, certification made by ANCE. It ensures the grade of
“Trusted Supplier”, certification of the processing plant (cleaning and polishing
processes) and quality grain. This program’s objective is to improve the bean quality
and presentation, as well as promoting the trading in the international markets. The
other action consists in providing money to the States’ funding in order to facilitate
credits to the “Acopiadores” providing necessary cash flow to avoid the prices
reduction. It is important to mention that this year, the commercial and development
banking, intends to fund only 50% of the deposit certificates’ value and the remaining
50% of the bean price will be delivered from the liquid guarantee funding in order to
pay the 100% of the beans value to the producers at once.
Harvesting labor [resented a progress of 10% and most producers are cutting and
piling the beans at this moment. Only 2% of the beans have been traded. Prices paid
to producers for irrigated and dry land beans are from 8 to 8.50 pesos per kilo for
Pinto Saltillo and colored beans. Past crop Black bean prices are at 7 pesos per kilo,
and there is no price for the new black beans as of yet. According to intermediaries by
the end of October and beginning of November, prices paid to producers could drop to
7-8 pesos per kilo for Pinto Saltillo and 6 pesos per kilo for Black San Luis.
Zacatecas Harvest Conditions
Zacatecas is the most important bean producing state in Mexico, both for the size of
the planting surface and for the production volume, besides of the fact that their
state’s economy depends on this activity.
In the past cycles, Zacatecas
experienced
drought
problems,
however in this cycle, this state
received precipitations of 0.0031
r.i. (515.0 mm) from June to
September. As a result, the
planting
surface
increased
in
comparison with the previous year.
The total bean planted surface this
year was 667 thousand hectares vs.
the programmed 556,517 hectares.
This means they planted 120%.
Bean planting started in the first
days of June and until the first
week of August. In the last days of June and the first half of July, 25% of the beans
were planted; 70% in the second half of July and 5% in the first days of August.
SAGARPA-SIAP (Ag Information Services) reported that the breakdown of planted
varieties is: 38% Pinto Saltillo, 42% Black bean varieties and the remaining 20% are
colored beans. At the end of the evaluation it can be concluded that 33% of the beans
are from good to excellent, estimating yields of 900 to 1,050 kilos per hectare. 41%
can be considered good to very good, estimating yields of 790 to 876 kilos per hectare.
The remaining 26% is considered good to regular, estimating yields of 456 to 760 kilos
per hectare.
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The communities visited where the highest yields were found are: Emancipación, Ejido
Sombrerete, Ejido Miguel Auza, Campo 10 La Honda, La Florida & Col. Hidalgo. The
communities where the lowest yields were found are: Colonia Flores García, La
Boquilla, Ojitos & Ejido Francisco R. Murguía, mainly because of the lack of rainfall,
lack of fertilization and weed problems. Weeds cause competition for the vital growing
elements such as sunlight, water and nutrients. The density of weed and time that
remains in the crop are factors that reduce the yields. The competition between beans
and weeds vary according to the distance between furrows (generally weeds cause less
damage in furrows with narrower distance in between), to the density of bean plants,
nutrient levels, soil moisture retention, plant health (insect and disease damage) and
other handling and environmental factors.
Besides of the direct growth reduction and crop productivity, weeds can also interfere
in the harvesting labor, reduce the product quality and host plague. It is necessary to
consider that infestation levels can cause future problems because of the production of
weed seed accumulating in the soil’s bank. It is important to consider these aspects in
the design of weed management programs.
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The quality of the grain in general can be considered as very good. In most of the
communities we observed good size grains, good specific weight, good color and
texture and low to no insect damage. In contrast, we observed bean fields in Cañitas,
Francisco R. Murguía, that presented smaller grains with some insect damage.
The cultivation package used in most of this state is TCS: for dry land crops and
includes Creole Seed with no fertilization. Only the producers that plant irrigated beans
apply fertilizer. In this 2013 Spring-Summer cycle in Zacatecas, only 27,863 irrigated
bean hectares were planted.
Production costs range from 4,500 to 5,700 (US$346-US$438) per hectare. Other
crops were planted in this 2013 S-S cycle in Zacatecas: 123,400 oat hectares, 123,879
hectares of feed corn, 4,400 of barley and 1,500 of sunflower.
In regards with sunflower, Pepsico contracted with Grupo Agrocime , 50 producers
and 600 hectares only in Fresnillo. The total sunflower planted in Zacatecas is 1,500
hectares. Producers are expecting to be paid 6,480 pesos per hectare (US$498) plus
1,500 pesos (US$115) more from SAGARPA-ASERCA.
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Harvesting process showed a progress of 12%, however, very small volumes have
been traded (irrigated beans), since the producers are not happy with the prices
offered by the buyers. It is important to consider that government appointed elevators,
reduce the purchasing price when they consider that the grains present color damage.
Prices paid to the producer in Zacatecas were 8 pesos per kilo for Pinto Saltillo and
colored beans and 6 pesos per kilo for beans with quality problems (pinto mixed with
black and color damaged beans). It is expected that once the cutting is generalized,
bean prices will present a negative trend.
2013
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Chihuahua Harvest Conditions
The State of Chihuahua is an important bean producer. In the last two cycles they
planted 115 to 120 thousand bean hectares. In 2013 they received abundant rainfall
from June to August, accumulating high moisture levels in the soil. This moisture
didn’t allow the planting of the total programmed 133,210 bean hectares, planting only
113,285 hectares, this is 85% of the programmed. Although not all the programmed
hectares were planted, on the second half of July they planted 75% of the total
surface, 20% in the first half of July and 5% in the first half of August.
Based on the reports generated by SAGARPA once the planting season concluded, it is
estimated that of the total bean planting, 95% are different Pinto bean varieties and
5% are other colored beans mainly Frijol Mantequilla (Butter beans).
Until the date of this assessment, it can be concluded that 38% of the beans are from
good to excellent, estimating yields of 850 to 1000 Kg/Ha. 23% can be considered as
good to very good with yields of 800 to 850 Kg/Ha. The remaining 39% is from regular
to good, with estimated yields of 700 to 750 kilos per hectare. The communities where
we found the highest yields are: Carbajales de Arriba, Chopeque, Ejido Benito Juárez &
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Campo Número 72. The communities where we found the lowest yields are: Rancho
Colorado y Márquez, El Vallecillo, La Paz & Sta. Rosa, that were affected by the lower
rainfall volume received which limited the plant’s growth, phenology, nutrient
assimilation and photosynthesis, as well as weed problems.
Bean quality in Chihuahua can be considered as very good. In most of the communities
we observed grains with good size, good specific weight, good color and texture and
minimum insect damage. In contrast, we observed some fields in the communities of
Chopeque y Carbajales de Arriba, in which we found major bacteriosis damage and
some pod microorganisms presenting smaller grains and in some cases, grains with
color and insect damage.
The cultivation packages used in this state are several: BMF- pump irrigationimproved seed-fertilization, used in Mennonite communities. For dry land they use
TMF-improved seed-fertilization; For dry land also TMS-improved seed-no fertilization;
TCF-creole seed-fertilization, also for dry land beans. Production costs in this state are
from 4,500 to 8,500 pesos per hectare (US$346-US$653).
Because of the proximity of Chihuahua with the most important livestock and milk
production region in Mexico that includes Durango and Coahuila where the demand for
feed crops is high, this state also planted the following products: 248,166 hectares of
feed oats, 58,887 of feed corn and 36,921 of sorghum.
Security problems have decreased; however, there are still small percentages of petty
crime with machinery robbery, mostly in the Mennonite communities.
Harvesting labor had a progress of 10% in the Cusihuirachi zone where most of the
irrigated beans were planted. Most producers are waiting for the beans to dry out to
start cutting.
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Only 5% of the beans have been traded. Prices paid to the producer are for 11 to 12
pesos per kilo for Pinto beans. It is expected that by the end of October, Pinto Saltillo
prices could drop to 8-9 pesos per kilo.
San Luis Harvest Conditions
At the end of the planting season in this state, SAGARPA reported 131 thousand bean
hectares planted, this is 8% more than the original programmed 119,657. The surplus
corresponds to areas where they had programmed planting oats, corn and sorghum
from the crop conversion program which was cancelled to plant beans.
Bean production in San Luis Potosi has historically reported average yields from 400 to
750 kilos per hectare in dry land and from 1 to 1.6 MT per hectare in irrigated areas.
However, this season, according to the estimations made at the fields and comments
from producers, yields will be slightly lower because of the lack of moisture which
affected bean sprouting, development and production. In spite of the higher volume of
rainfall received this year in comparison with 2011 and 2012, the bean areas did not
receive enough and on time rainfall to reach higher yields as it happened in other bean
states.
2013
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In the case of irrigated beans, yields are similar to the obtained in past years.
In Salinas rural District, one of the most influential bean areas in this state, bean
production zones are well defined: La Victoria, Illescas, Jesus Maria and Providencia in
Santo Domingo Municipality. In Salinas Municipality are: La Palma, Azogueros,
Punteros and Salitrillo. Finally, the most important is Villa de Ramos Municipality which
includes: Los Hernandez, San Francisco and San Rafael, Salitral de Carrera and Sauz
de Carrera.
In Santo Domingo’s bean areas, production was affected by the poor development of
the plants stressed by the lack of water. In the case of Salinas which is in the most
important bean region of Villa de Ramos, the damage was stronger, lack of moisture
caused low yields of 300 to 350 kilos per hectare. Several other areas in Villa de
Ramos suffered stress for lack of water and yields are being estimated under 700
Kg/Ha.
2013
Page 21
In general, in this district, bean development is cosidered from regular to good, since
planting was made during the recommended planting dates and with good soil
moisture conditions, however, at the development stage of the plants, beans were
affected by the lack of water affecting the number of grains in the pods and the
quality. During the reproductive stage, beans did not suffer adverse weather
conditions, disease or plague, nevertheless, fields where beans did not have a
satisfactory development are being assessed estimating that yields will be around 400
Kg/Ha. It is important to mention that in mid-September, these areas received high
volumes of water from storms that caused some partial flooding damage, but benefited
some of the beans that were in the blossoming and pod development stages.
In general, the average yield in San Luis Potosi is estimated in 500 Kg/Ha. The highest
yields were estimated in the following municipalities: Sauz de Calera, El Barril and La
Victoria.The lowest yields were estimated in: La palma, Salitrillo, Azogueros Los
Hernández and Salitral de Carrera.
The grain quality we found during this evaluation at the fields: in some fields, grains
were smaller than normal, estimating that pod population will be from 50% to 70% of
the normal, however, in the local market this is considered acceptable quality,
although this will affect the price of the product.
According to the market’s behavior, in both the production and consumption areas,
new average quality irrigated bean crop prices paid to producer started at 13 pesos per
kilo in the first days of September. Later as harvesting developed, prices strated to
decrease until 10 to 11 pesos per kilo paid to the producer although in some areas
closer to Zacatecas, they are being paid at 6 to 8 pesos per kilo, while in the
consumption areas in the same state beans are being sold at prices from 15 to 25
pesos per kilo. Currently, some dry land beans are starting to be harvested and
producers are expecting to be paid around 8 pesos per kilo, which means that the
producers will obtain a minimum profit per hectare considering that they will only get
around 500 Kg/Ha.
2013
Page 22
Security is being perceived by producers as good, since the region seems to be more
quiet. There have been some ag. machinery robberies, however, these crimes have
decreased lately since the authority has been present and acting on the spot.
Producers cut and pile the beans leaving the product on the fields to dry out to
harvest, not minding the robberies which have been regular in past years too. This
year, producers received seed to plant oats, corn, sorghum and beans through a
planting program for up to 4 thousand hectares in the state.
Guanajuato Harvesting Conditions
The state of Guanajuato is one of the most important agricultural states in the nation.
In the last two years they planted an average of 90 thousand bean hectares. This year
weather conditions were favorable to plant beans since they received in the JuneAugust period, precipitations that brought them 0.021 rain inches (351.8 mm). In
2013, Guanajuato planted 89,125 hectares vs. the 91,216 programmed, this is 98% of
the programmed by SAGARPA. 25% of the beans were planted in the first half of July,
71% in the second half of July and 4% in the first half of August.
According to SAGARPA-SIAP’s information, black bean varieties were planted in 67% of
the surface, colored beans such as Flor de Mayo and Media Oreja were planted 28% of
the surface and in the remaining 5% they planted Pinto Saltillo.
To the date of the assessment at the
fields, it can be concluded that 37% of
the beans are in good to excellent
conditions, estimating yields from 875
to 958 Kg/Ha; 26% can be considered
from good to very good with yields
from
610
to
650
Kg/Ha.
The
communities where we found the
highest
yields
are:
El
Potrero,
Providencia de Guadalupe and La
Tinaja. The lowest yields were found in
the
following
communities:
La
Hacienda, Laguna de Guadalupe and
San Martín del Mezquite, which were
damaged by the lack of water,
affecting bean reproductive phase. A moderate deficit of moisture, can reduce the
blossoming rate, ultimately affecting the grain formation and growth, besides of the
proliferation of weeds and plague. The plant’s capability to tolerate the water deficit is
determined by the different chemical means that facilitate retention or acquisition of
water. Drought stress has important consequences in vital processes. Amongst the
most visible effects are the inhibited growth variables such as plant growth, number of
leaves, stem’s thickness and yields. It is important to mention that water stress can
reduce a high percentage of the reproductive organs (flowers and pods).
Grain quality in Guanajuato can be considered in general as very good. We observed
good size and good color grains with no signs of insect damage. This can be the effect
of the plants’ recovery period because of the deep soils in the state, richer in organic
matter and more capable to retain water which is used by the plants when it stops
raining.
2013
Page 23
The cultivation package most used by dry land bean growers in Guanajuato is TCS,
which includes: creole seed without fertilization. Only growers that plant irrigated
beans use fertilizers. Production costs oscillate between 4,000 and 7,000 pesos per
hectare (US$308 to US$538). Bean producers commented that they have not had
crime events lately, however they are afraid of robberies once the harvesting
generalizes. The state government is providing support to those producers that plant
alternative crops such as Oats, Barley and Feed Corn. In the 2013 Spring Summer
cycle they planted as part of the alternative crops program: 11,843 hectares of oats,
12,390 hectares of barley and 4,661 hectares of feed corn. Harvesting process in
Guanajuato had a 9% progress at the time of the assessment. Most of the producers
are expecting that beans will be dry enough to cut soon. It is estimated that 5% of the
beans have been traded. Irrigated beans prices paid to the producers are 8 pesos per
kilo for Pinto Saltillo and 6 pesos per kilo for black beans.
2013
Page 24
Summary
Bean production in general in the five most important bean states where this
assessment was made, can be considered as good in both yields obtained and quality
of the grain.
Because of the nature and characteristics of dry land production, it is common to find
variations in the yields, depending on the productive potential of the soils, the
cultivation package used (certified or improved seed – fertilization or not) and most of
all, to the availability and timeliness of rainfall. According to the physical appreciation
and calculations obtained, we can say that from the total planted surface in the five
states, yields from 900 kilos to 1.1 MT per hectare will be obtained in 30% of the
surface; from 750 to 900 Kg/Ha in 25% of the surface and from 300 to 750 Kg/Ha in
45% of the surface.
YIELDS (KG/HA)
STATE
900-1,100
750-900
300-750
DGO.
35%
31%
34%
ZAC.
33%
41%
26%
CHIH.
38%
23%
39%
GTO.
37%
26%
37%
S.L.P.
0%
0%
100%
2013
Page 25
Grain quality: in most of the fields assessed we observed that the product presents a
good physical and commercial appearance. Good size, texture, specific weight and
color with no plague or disease damage.
When comparing the yields estimated in this assessment vs. the yields reported by
SAGARPA, there is a difference. As mentioned before, according to ASERCA’s
(Sagarpa’s Ag. Trading Services) satellite imaging evaluation for this cycle, the planted
surface is 20% smaller in Zacatecas, Durango and Chihuahua, in comparison with the
information reported by SIAP (Ag. Information Service). If ASERCA decides to report a
production smaller than the national consumption needs, it will reopen the door to the
Secretariat of Economy to issue bean import quotas to bring beans from countries
outside NAFTA.
PRODUCTION STATISTICS
SPRING-SUMMER CYCLE
SAGARPA’S ESTIMATIONS UNTIL SEPTEMBER 30TH, 2012
STATE
ZACATECAS
DURANGO
CHIHUAHUA
GUANAJUATO
S.L. POTOSÍ
SUBTOTAL
OTHER
TOTAL
HECTARES
561,746
246,111
124,692
93,393
102,295
1,128,237
287,859
1,416,096
PROD. MT
251,169
105,077
96,959
49,944
49,192
552,341
225,647
777,988
YIELD (MT/Ha)
0.447
0.427
0.777
0.535
0.480
0.489
0.784
0.549
SAGARPA’S ESTIMATIONS UNTIL SEPTEMBER 30TH, 2013
STATE
HECTARES
ZACATECAS
667,000
DURANGO
288,000
CHIHUAHUA
113,000
GUANAJUATO
89,000
S.L. POTOSÍ
131,000
SUBTOTAL
1,288,000
OTHER
252,000
TOTAL
1,540,000
Estimation of Varieties Planted
PROD.MT
346,840
146,880
79,100
52,510
62,880
688,210
176,400
864,610
YIELD (MT/Ha)
0.520
0.510
0.700
0.590
0.480
0.489
0.700
0.561
2013
Page 26
2013 SPRING-SUMMER CYCLE
Irrigated + Dry Land
Situation until August 31st, 2013
State
Black
Ha.
Durango
23,040
Pintos
%
8.0
Chihuahua
Zacatecas
Colored
Ha.
%
242,800
Total
Ha.
%
Ha.
%
85.0
20,160
7.0
288,000
100
107,400
95.0
5,600
5.0
113,000
100
280,140
42.0
253,460
38.0
133,400
20.0
667,000
100
San Luis
Potosí
10,480
8.0
17,030
13.0
103,490
79.0
131,000
100
Guanajuato
59,630
67.0
4,450
5.0
24,920
28.0
89,000
100
373,290
29.0
48.7
287,570
22.3
Total
627,140
1,288,000
Source: Own estimation with SIAP-SAGARPAS data and PROMAF Technicians
Estimations Until October 15th 2013
STATE
ZACATECAS
DURANGO
CHIHUAHUA
GUANAJUATO
S.L. POTOSÍ
SUBTOTAL
OTHER
TOTAL
HECTARES
667,000
288,000
113,000
89,000
131,000
1,288,000
252,000
1,540,000
PROD. MT
553,610
227,520
93,225
71,200
65,500
1,011,055
189,000
1,200,055
YIELD (MT/Ha)
0.830
0.790
0.825
0.800
0.500
0.784
0.750
0.779
Source: Own estimation with SAGARPA and ASERCA data
2013
Page 27
100
2013/2014 Fall-Winter Cycle
Bean Planting Plan for Sinaloa and Nayarit
State
Surface (HA)
Prod. MT
Yield MT/Ha
Sinaloa
90,000
144,000
1.60
Nayarit
59,500
77,350
1.30
Total
149,500
221,350
1.48
Note from Sinaloa: From the 90 thousand bean hectares to be planted, 70 thousand
are planned to be Azufrado beans and 20 thousand are Pinto Saltillo for exports.
State of Sinaloa
Of a programmed planting surface of 90 thousand hectares for this 2013/2014 FallWinter cycle which has been approved by the State’s Sustainable Rural Development
Council, planting progress at the time of the assessment was 15%. It is estimated that
77.8 % of the surface will be planted with Azufrado beans and the remaining 22% will
be planted with Pinto Saltillo.
SAGARPA will provide support of 1,500 pesos per hectare to the producers that want to
acquire Pinto Saltillo seed.
State of Nayarit
SAGARPA and the Bean Product System in the state are proposing the planting of
59,500 hectares of: 55% Jamapa Black beans and 45% colored beans such as
Azufrado, Peruano, Flor de Mayo, Flor de Junio, Pinto Americano, Bayo Berrendo and
Pinto Saltillo.
To the date of the assessment, bean planting in Nayarit presented a progress of 5%.
Price Policies and Trading
Diagnosis
To order the Mexican bean market it is necessary to consolidate effective trading
programs that allow the regulation, knowledge and planning of the market to increase
competitiveness. The Mexican institutions should have and spread clear and precise
information about the main bean indicators as well as a system that allows the real
knowledge of the market to plan accordingly considering supply and demand factors.
As for the prices, there is no currently a price policy that guarantees a realistic
increase of the producers’ purchasing power. The design of a scheme that guarantees
an objective income from this basic and strategic crop for Mexico is necessary.
2013
Page 28
Support programs and resources should be used efficiently. One of the fundamentals
for the government intervention in the productive sectors establishes that such
intervention must be punctual, focused and temporary, and only when there is
evidence that the market is not capable of solve the problem that puts at risk the
supply or the profitability.
Adding Value
The bean market has had numerous changes, including the consolidation between
wholesalers and supermarket chains. For this reason, the possibilities of markets’
expansion, the growing demand for higher added value and the increasing preference
for higher quality beans, are a challenge for the producers’ organizations. Therefore it
is important for them to achieve consolidation, joining efforts and counting on
specialized staff for product promotion and planning.
2013
Page 29
Commercial Process of the 2013 Spring – Summer Bean Crop
For the trading process of the 2013 Spring Summer bean crop in Mexico, the
governors of Chihuahua, Durango, Zacatecas, San Luis Potosi and Guanajuato have
started the lobbying with the Federal government to establish a reference price paid to
the producers. They are also proposing to the federal government to buy at least 150
thousand MT of beans through DICONSA (Federal Agency of Food Distribution-formerly
CONSAUPO), for the social programs installed after the recent hurricanes “Ingrid and
Manuel” that hit Mexico last September.
Politicians and leaders of organizations have been also putting pressure over the
Federal government to suspend bean imports until after the Mexican bean crop has
been fully traded in the production areas of each state.
The Secretariat of Economy has made the official statement that: “NAFTA BEAN
IMPORTS CANNOT BE SUSPENDED”. They also added that if SAGARPA proves that the
national bean production is enough to fulfill the domestic consumption, they can
suspend bean imports from countries like China, Bolivia, Nicaragua, Argentina, etc. All
but from the United States and Canada.
2013
Page 30
With the current posture of the bean states’ Governors, SAGARPA and ASERCA have
declared that in the current trading season, the prices paid to the producer will be
dictated by the market according to the law of supply-demand.
The Federal government’s strategies are focused on:
-Injecting financial resources to the liquid funding of guarantee to the states to help
the rural bank Financiera Rural to increase the credit lines of the government
authorized elevators which will allow them to have the cash to pay the producers on
time avoiding the prices’ drop.
-Increase the resources to the Bean Quality Certification Program to help the elevators
increase the value of the beans enabling them to sell at higher prices.
Through this strategy, the Federal government is looking to perfect the financial
mechanisms required by the bean market to start, increase or redesign its productive
process.
-The existence of a lending fund that is developed and competitive is a challenge in the
primary sector in Mexico since the risk ratio is wide and the law does not contemplate
the repossession of guarantees, causing major imperfections in the primary sector’s
credit market.
Support Scheme for the 2013 Spring / Summer Bean Crop
Components
1.-Liquid Guarantees: to support up to 200 thousand MT of beans. Banks will fund
Deposit Certificates for 50% of the product’s value (according to SNIIM-Markets
Information Service prices +-10 to 20%) and 20% when it is certified grain.
The remaining 40% will be covered with liquid guarantees: 20% from the National
Guarantee Fund or State Guarantee Fund, 10% ASERCA and 10% the elevator.
2.-Support for the Certification Process for Exports: up to 100 thousand MT to be
exported to Brazil and Venezuela. The support to the producer will be $700 pesos
(US$53) per MT to cover product transportation from the field to the collection center
and the cost of the bean processing and packaging.
3.-Support for Storage and Financial Costs: 1500 pesos (US$115) per MT for up to
200 thousand MT.
Bean Trade Committee Reinstated in Zacatecas
Zacatecas Governor Miguel Alonso, instructed to reinstate the Bean Trading Committee
which will be in permanent session until the end of the trading process.
Juvenal Castorena, Director of ASERCA (Sagarpa’s Ag. Trading Agency) proposed and
implemented the scheme of liquid guarantees for up to 50% of the product’s value
complementing the difference provided by the Banks through the Deposit Certificates,
which will serve to provide the capital to pay the bean producers on time.
2013
Page 31
ASERCA also informed that they will reinforce the program to improve the grain’s
appearance, adding value through the bean processing and quality certification. He
added that bean elevators or “collectors” will be able to certificate their plants starting
on October 15th, enabling them to offer a quality product to obtain better prices paid to
the producers.
ASERCA exhorted the producers to not sell their beans at prices below the production
costs, until the trading scheme is established at the end of October or in the first half
of November. They also said that indicators are highly favorable, “there is no bean
production surplus, it will be a manageable volume, bean trading will have to be dosed
and we must concrete the exports to Brazil and Venezuela”
Mexico can offer at least 100 thousand MT of Zacatecas beans to those countries that
consume black beans and still take care of the domestic demand at the state and
national levels.
It was also established that DICONSA (formerly CONSAUPO), the Federal government’s
Food Distribution Agency, in charge of distributing the food for the social programs and
sourcing the Military, national unions and Social Security system stores, will increase
their national bean purchasing program.
2013
Page 32
Bean Prices
Average Prices Pesos/Kg at the Mexico City Central Market
(G) = Guadalajara, Jalisco
VARIETY
PRICE PAID TO
THE PRODUCER
AZUFRADO
HIGUERA
EXTRA, SIN.
PRICE
AFTER
PROCESSING
PRICE SOLD TO
THE CENTRAL
MARKET
PRICE TO
THE
PUBLIC
22.00
25.50
26.50
26.00(G)
28.9031.00
28.50(G)
AZUFRADO NAY.
13.00
14.00
14.30(G)
15.50(G)
PERUANO, SIN.
21.50
25.00
26.00
28.0030.00
PINTO SALTILLO
de DGO. y ZAC.
8.00-9.00
11.00-11.50
11.50-12.00
13.8015.30
PINTO SALTILLO.
CHIH.
10.00-10.50
11.80
12.80
15.0016.00
NEGRO SAN LUIS
DGO. Y ZAC.
7.00-7.50
10.00
10.50
12.5013.00
13.00
13.50
13.50(G)
16.0016.50
15.50 (G)
NEGRO JAMAPA,
NAY.
FLOR DE MAYO,
ZAC.
FIELD
PRICE
10.0010.50
8.50
11.00- 12.00
8.00
10.00
10.50
FLOR DE MAYO
13.0015.50
13.5015.50(G)
FLOR DE JUNIO,
ZAC.
8.00
10.00
10.50
13.0015.50
MEDIA OREJA,
ZAC.
8.50
10.50
11.00
14.0016.00
BAYO BLANCO
ZAC.
8.00
10.00
GARBANCILLO,
ZAC.
10.00
11.50
12.50
13.00
16.0018.00
CANARIO, DGO.
9.00
10.00
11.50
12.00
15.5016.50
ALUBIA GRANDE,
PUE.
18.50
20.50
21.00
23.00
ALUBIA CHICA
18.50
10.50
13.0014.50
19.00
21.00
PINTO USA
13.20-13.50
15.0016.50
NEGRO USA
Cooperative
17.00
18.0019.00
NEGRO USA
BaySide
16.50
17.7018.50
NEGRO USA
Colgate
15.50
17.0017.50
CACAHUATE BOLA
18.00
20.00
VAQUITA
17.50
20.00
AYOCOTE MORADO
17.50
20.00
2013
Page 33
Bean Prices at Supermarket Stores (Mexican Pesos)
RETAIL CHAIN
VARIETY
BRAND
PINTO SALTILLO
PINTO USA
PINTO SALTILLO
PINTO SALTILLO
PINTO SALTILLO
PINTO SALTILLO
PERUANO
BLACK BOLA
PERUANO
BLACK JAMAPA
GARBANCILLO
BLACK QRO.
BLACK QRO.
SANTA BARBARA
.908 KG BAG
CAZEROLA .907 KG
BAG
EL CÁNTARO .906 KG
BAG
GARDI .907 KG BAG
EL JARRO 1 KG BAG
VERDE VALLE .750
KG. BAG
GRASEL .908 KG BAG
GRASEL .908 KG BAG
VERDE VALLE .900 KG
BAG
VERDE VALLE 1 KG.
CAZEROLA 1 KG.
CAZEROLA 1 KG.
VERDE VALLE
RETAIL PRICE
$18.90
$19.90
$18.90
$17.9
$18.90/KG.
$20.90/kg.
$39.90
$19.50
$41.00
$28.00/KG.
$25.90/KG.
$17.90/KG.
$22.50/KG.
BAYO
PERUANO
PERUANO
PINTO AME.
BAYO
BLACK QRO.
PINTO SALTILLO
PINTO SALTILLO
PINTO SALTILLO
PINTO SALTILLO
PINTO SALTILLO
PINTO SALTILLO
PINTO SALTILLO
PINTO USA
BAYO BLANCO
BLACK VER.
BLACK QRO.
BLACK QRO.
ALUBIA CHICA
ALUBIA CHICA
PERUANO
FLOR DE MAYO
FLOR DE MAYO
BLACK ORGANIC
VERDE VALLE
LA SIERRA 1.0 KG.
GREAT VALUE 900 GR
GREAT VALUE 900 GR
LA MERCED 1.0 KG.
VERDE VALLE .908 KG
“BUENO” 1.0 KG.
CAZEROLA .907 KG.
VERDE VALLE 900 GR.
SOS
LA MERCED
STA. BARBARA
LA SIERRA
GREAT VALUE
GREAT VALUE
SCHETTINO
VERDE VALLE
GREAT VALUE
GREAT VALUE
VERDE VALLE
VERDE VALLE 900 GR.
VERDE VALLE
GREAT VALUE
AIRES DEL CAMPO
$37.60/kg.
$42.80/KG.
$35.50
$17.90
$30.20/KG.
$19.90
$19.90/KG
$17.90
$21.90
$21.30/KG..
$22.40/KG.
$17.90/KG.
$23.90/KG.
$17.90/KG.
$22.90/KG.
$21.00/KG.
$19.90/KG.
$14.90/KG.
$16.50/ ½ KG.
$18.01/ ½ KG.
$41.80
$29.90/KG.
$24.90/KG.
$45.90/KG.
PERUANO
PERUANO
BLACK QRO.
BAYO
GARBANCILLO
PINTO SALTILLO
FLOR DE MAYO
LA SIERRA .906 KG.
CAMPO DORADO
VERDE VALLE
SCHETTINO
LA MERCED 1.0 KG.
SOS 1.0 KG.
CHEDRAUI
$41.90
$37.90/KG.
$19.90/KG.
$25.90/KG
$24.90/KG
$21.90/KG.
$26.90/KG.
2013
Page 34
PINTO
PINTO V. VALLE
BLACK SAN LUIS
P.SALTILLO V. VALLE
PERUANO V. VALLE
SCHETTINO BULTO
DE 25 KGS.
BTO. DE 25 KGS.
SCHETTINO, ENVASE
CON 5 BOLSAS DE A 1
KG.
BOLSA DE 2.5
KGSBOLSA DE 5 KGS.
$482.00, $19.28/kg.
$482.70, $19.30/KG.
$118.00, $23.60/KG.
$79.00, $31.60/KG.
$99.00, $39.600/KG.
Processed Beans (Refried) in Stand up pouches
BAYOS
“RANCHERA DE LA
COSTEÑA 430 GRS.
GREAT VALUE
“ISADORA” DE VERDE
VALLE 430 GRS.
CHEDRAUI BRAND,
430 GRS.
$11.90
BAYOS
ISADORA, 430 GRS.
$16.90
BAYOS
LA SIERRA 430 GRS.
$11.90
BAYOS W/CHORIZO
BAYOS
BAYOS
BAYOS
BLACK
BAYOS
BAYOS
BAYOS FRITOS CON
CHICHARRON
BLACK
PERUANO
BAYOS
BLACK
ISADORA 430 GRS.
LA SIERRA 430 GRS.
LA CHATA 430 GRS.
RANCHERITA
RANCHERITA
GREAT VALUE
ISADORA
ISADORA
$15.10
$10.00
$11.50
$9.00
$9.00
$9.00
$10.00
$10.90
ISADORA
ISADORA
LA CHATA
LA CHATA 430 GRS.
$14.20
$15.10
$11.50
$11.50
BAYOS
BLACK
BAYOS
$9.00
$11.50
$11.50
2013
Page 35
Canned Processed Beans (400 and 450g)
BLACK REFIRED
LA COSTEÑA 580 GRS
$13.40
BLACK WHOLE BEANS
LA COSTEÑA 560 GRS
$12.50
BAYOS
LA SIERRA 420 GRS.
$13.90
BLACK
LA COSTEÑA 420 GRS
$11.90
BAYOS
LA COSTEÑA 420 GRS
$11.90
BAYOS REFRIED
LA COSTEÑA 420 GRS
$11.60
BAYOS WHOLE CHARROS
LA COSTEÑA 420 GRS.
$15.70
BAYOS CHARROS
$11.05
BAYOS CHARROS
LA COSTEÑA 580 GRS
$22.80
BEAN SAUCE
LA COSTEÑA 820 GRS.
$10.00
BAYOS
LA COSTEÑA
$12.90
LA SIERRA
Bean Prices at Central Markets ( Farmer’s Markets ) in Mexico
VARIETY
PINTO SALTILLO
PINTO USA
BLACK USA
BLACK VERACRUZ
FLOR DE MAYO Y JUNIO
PERUANO
CACAHUATE BOLA
BAYO WHITE
ALUBIA LARGE
ALUBIA SMALL
PRESENTATION
BULK (CLEANED
BULK (CLEANED
BULK (CLEANED
BULK (CLEANED
BULK (CLEANED
BULK (CLEANED
BULK (CLEANED
BULK (CLEANED
BULK (CLEANED
BULK (CLEANED
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
POLISHED)
POLISHED)
POLISHED)
POLISHED)
POLISHED)
POLISHED)
POLISHED)
POLISHED)
POLISHED)
POLISHED)
PRICE PESOS/KG.
23.00-28.00
23.00-28.00
25.00-32.00
25.00-30.00
23.00-30.00
38.00-42.00
32.00-38.00
26.00-30.00
33.00-35.00
31.00-34.00
PRICES AT DURANGO FARMERS MARKETS
VARIETY
PRESENTATION
PRICE/KG (PESOS)
KG./BTO.
PINTO SALTILLO
CLEANED
$15.50
$14.50
NEGRO BOLA
CLEANED
$13.50
$12.50
2013
Page 36
Current Market Conditions
In the frame of the favorable Mexican bean production expectations of this 2013
Spring-Summer cycle, prices in the production areas have a clear decreasing trend
mostly for colored beans such as Bayo Zacatecas, Flor de Mayo and Flor de Junio,
Media Oreja, Canario and Garbancillo, which two months ago were being paid at the
producers from 13 to 15 pesos per kilo and at this moment have dropped to 8 pesos
per kilo. For Pinto Saltillo, prices at the production and consumption areas are falling
passing from 11.50 pesos per kilo to 8.50 pesos per kilo and the Mexico City Central
Market.
In the case of black beans, prices have remained at low levels for the last months and
producers are being paid at this moment 7 to 7.50 pesos per kilo, same prices as those
from the past crop.
Prices for Azufrado beans from Sinaloa, continue high at 26 to 27 pesos per kilo at the
Mexico City Central Market.
Bean Price Increasing Factors
-Lower 2013 bean production in the United States in comparison with 2012.
-China’s bean crop affected by flooding and cold weather in the northeast and
northwest regions with total losses between 30 and 50% of the planted surface.
-Very low bean production in Argentina with no black beans to export to Brazil.
-High imported bean prices
-Low national inventories
-Federal Government Support: injecting resources to the states’ guarantee funds that
will allow to increase credit lines to elevators improving the cash flow to pay the
producers on time and strengthening the process of adding value to the beans to
obtain quality certification.
Bean Price Decreasing Factors
-Favorable 2013 Spring-Summer bean production expectations from Good to Very
Good.
-Producers lacking experience and trading culture to market their product. They have
no experience in the commercial process and don’t have business plans.
-Absence of a Federal government program to order the bean market.
-Too many intermediaries and high degree of speculation
2013
Page 37
Availability Consumption Balance
SIAP (Ag. Information Service) reported that in 2013 there is an initial bean inventory
of 288,700 MT, with 1,144,400 MT of beans available, 24,400 MT for exports and an
estimate of 165,200 MT of imports. They are also estimating a monthly consumption of
90,175 MT and an annual consumption of 1,082,100 MT (920,800 for human
consumption and 83,300 MT for seed; 44,300 of losses and 33,200 for autoconsumption). The final inventory for this year is estimated in 226,000 MT.
Consumption Estimation by Variety
Variety
Annual Consumption
Black
450,000
Pintos
260,000
Colored
180,000
Azufrados
128,000
Total
1,018,000
2013
Page 38
2 de Abril - Durango
Inspection Date: October 10th 2013
We observed presence of weed affecting the good development of the beans. We
also observed a good number of pods on the soil’s surfae cwhich can be affected
with the humidity and damage the grains. Plants height at the final development
stage were 32 cm (1ft). The main variety planted in this field is Pinto Saltillo, with
good grain quality. We found 7 to 10 plants per linear meter, 12 to 20 pods and 45 grains in the pod, estimating yields of 835 kilos per hectare.
The 2013 Mexico Planting Update is property of the US Dry Bean Council. It is prohibited
to partially or fully publish it in writing or in any electronic format without the USDBC
consent. USDBC Copyright 2013
Page 39
Amado Nervo - Durango
In the final development stage of these beans, we observed yields from good to
very good in most of the fields, with plants from 30 to 33 cm tall (1 ft). As most of
the bean areas, beans are healthy, however with weed invasion competing with
beans for nutrients, space, water and sunlight. Most producers in this zone,
planted Pinto beans and some planted Flor the Mayo beans. Grain quality is good
as well as texture, size and color, with no insect or disease damage. In the fields
assessed we found 6 to 10 planted per linear meter, with 7 to 11 pods per plant
and 5-7 grains per pod, estimating a yield of 710 kilos per hectare.
Page 40
Antonio Amaro - Durango
Beans’ development conditions are good in general. The only observation is about
the high population of weeds in most of the fields, caused by the storms
registered in September without the intervention of the producers’ to control.
Plants’ height is 30 cm (1 ft) average. The most planted variety is Pinto Saltillo,
some black beans, and some colored beans. With good grain quality. The only
risks to this date is the possible rainfall that could happen at the harvesting time,
and the possible frosts during October which would affect black beans mainly. In
the Pinto bean fields, we found 6 to 7 plants per linear meter, with 14 to 18 pods
and 5 to 6 grains per pod, estimating a yield of 850 kilos per hectare.
Page 41
Calixto Contreras - Durango
In this zone, weeds have invaded practically all bean fields. However, despite of
this phytosanitary problem, beans can be considered from regular to very good,
estimating that in 8 days they will start harvesting labor. Most of the producers
planted Pinto Saltillo beans and did not plant alternative crops since in this 2013,
the federal government did not allot the resources for the crop conversion
program. Plants’ height at its final development stage is from 32 to 34 cm
average (1 ft). In general, bean health is good although the high population of
weed is competing with beans for nutrients, space and energy. In the fields
evaluated we found 5 to 6 planted per linear meter with 20 to 30 pods per plant
and 5 to 6 grains per pod, estimating a yield of 910 kilos per hectare.
Page 42
Cieneguilla - Durango
Several fields in Cieneguilla, did not reach a vigorous development because of the
lack of water, lack of fertilization, abundant weeds and grasshopper presence.
Plants’ height was 28 to 34 cm (1ft) average. The mentioned factors affected the
yields however the grain quality is good, with good size, color and texture. Most
producers planted Pinto Saltillo in this area, although some planted Flor de Mayo
beans. In the fields evaluated, we found 5 o 7 plants per linear meter, with 9 to
12 pods per plant and 4 to 6 grains per pod, estimating a yield of 630 kilos per
hectare.
Page 43
Cuauhtemoc - Durango
Plant health is considered good, however we observed high weed populations
competing with beans for nutrients. Producers did not control the weeds in this
area. The main variety planted is Pinto Saltillo. Grain quality is good. We found
fields with 7 to 9 plants per linear meter, with 10 to 15 pods per plant and 5 to 6
grains per pod, estimating a yield of 850 kilos per hectare.
Page 44
Estación Poanas - Durango
In this community’ fields, beans reached a development form regular to very
good with plants from 30 to 32 cm (1 ft) tall average. In general, phytosanitary
bean conditions are good with no plague or disease damage. However, we
observed weed presence which did not affect the grain quality with good size,
color and texture. Most producers planted Pinto beans in this area. In the fields
evaluated we found 6 to 8 plants per linear meter with 8 to 13 pods and 5 to 7
grains per pod, estimating a yield of 720 kilos per hectare.
Page 45
Francisco Murguia - Durango
Physical conditions of the beans are good in general, however some disease
damage was found in the foliage with no grain damage, reason why the grain’s
quality and health is good with plants’ heights from 28 to 35 cm (1.05 ft). Most
of the producers in this area planted Flor de Mayo and Pinto beans. It can be said
that 40% of the beans are ready to be cut and 60% will be cut in one more week.
There is a lot of price speculation and it is expected that prices will start from 8
pesos per kilo paid to the producers. In the fields evaluated we found 5 to 8
plants with 10 to 18 pods per plant and 5 to 7 grains per pod, estimating yields
around 900 kilos per hectare.
Page 46
Felipe Carrillo Puerto - Durango
The fields evaluated presented different levels of development and yields. We
observed high populations of weed and plants with average heights of 31 cm (1
ft) tall in the final development stage. It is expected that harvesting will resume
in approximately 15 days more. The main variety planted is Pinto Saltillo,
followed by bola black beans and some colored beans. Grain quality is acceptable.
The only risk here is the possible rain occurring during the harvesting labor and
the possibility of frosts during October affecting black beans mainly. In the fields
evaluated we found 8 to 9 plants per linear meter, with 12 to 20 pods per plant
and 5 to 6 grains per pod, estimating 960 kilos per hectare.
Page 47
Francisco I. Madero - Durango
In most of the fields evaluated in this region, precipitations were favorable and to
some extent even timely, helping the good development of the beans with no
plague or disease damage. Producers commented that the grasshopper
population was high, however with the application of insecticides they were able
to control this plague avoiding the damages. Most of the producers planted Pintos
and in some fields planted Flor the Mayo, Canario and Bola Black. To the date of
this evaluation, we observed a good grain quality with good texture and
consistency. Plants’ height at the end of its development stage was from 31 to 36
cm (1 ft) tall average. Here, we found 6 o 8 plants per linear meter, 24 to 40
pods per plant and 4 to 5 grains per pod, estimating yields of 1,050 kilos per
hectare.
Page 48
Geronimo Hernandez - Durango
It is estimated that in 10 days will resume the harvesting of Pinto and colored
beans and at the end of October, the harvest of black beans. In this municipality
just as in Guadalupe Victoria, there are fields with low, medium and high yields.
In the case of this community, we observed fields with good development bean
plants in the last development stage, filling pods and maturing the grains. In the
whole municipality there is a generalized presence of weed. Average plants’ height
is from 34 to 36 cm (1.05 ft). Plant health and grain quality are good. In the fields
evaluated we found 7 to 10 plants in a linear meter with 18 to 24 pods and 4 to 6
grains per pod, estimating a yield of 1,020 kilos per hectare.
Page 49
Ignacio López Rayon - Durango
Bean health is good in these fields, although with some weed population that we
also observed in all the communities, caused by the recent rainfall received. The
main variety planted is Pinto Saltillo presenting good grain quality. In the fields
evaluated, we found 5 to 8 plants per linear meter, with 10 to 18 pods per plant
and 4 to 6 grains per pod, estimating yields of 700 kilos per hectare.
Page 50
Ignacio Allende - Durango
In Ignacio Allende fields’ they have fields ready to be harvested, however most of
the beans are still in the productive stage with pods that have not dried yet,
because were planted in late July and first days of August. In this region, bean
planting surface decreased a little bit, while feed corn planting increased because
of the contracted hectares for the milk and meat producers in Coahuila and
Durango (Region Lagunera). Plants’ height found was 33 to 35 cm average (1 ft
tall). Plant health is good however, weed population is general in the region. The
main variety planted is Pinto Saltillo with good grain quality. In the fields
evaluated we found 6 to 7 plants per linear meter, with 16 to 25 pods per plant
Page 51
Ignacio Ramirez - Durango
In this community, most of the producers planted Pinto Saltillo beans with the
seed provided by the Federal government. The grains presented good quality and
the plants’ height at the final development stage were 30 to 33 cm (1ft tall)
average. Plants’ health is good although with the presence of weed, competing
with the beans for nutrients, space and energy. In the fields evaluated we found 5
to 8 plants per linear meter with 18 to 23 pods and 5 to 6 grains per pod,
estimating yields of 960 kilos per hectare.
Page 52
Ignacio Zaragoza - Durango
In most of the fields in this community it is estimated that harvesting will resume
in 8 to 10 more days. Most of the producers planted Pinto beans and in some
fields we also found Flor de Mayo, Canario and Bola Black beans. Until the day of
the evaluation, we observed good quality and appearance (good texture and
consistency). Plants’ height at the end of its development stage was 33 to 35 cm
(1 ft tall) with good health and good grain quality. In the fields evaluated we
found 5 to 7 plants per linear meter, with 1 to 25 pods and 4 to 6 grains,
Page 53
La Joya - Durango
Despite of the fact that many producers did not made the second weed control to
the fields, allowing them to reproduce aggressively competing with the beans,
these developed from regular to very good conditions, presenting plants with
heights form 28 to 32 cm. Most producers planted Pinto beans, Flor de Mayo and
some black beans. Bean quality and health can be considered as good although in
some fields, grain size is smaller than normal. There is a lot of prices speculation,
and it is expected that prices will start at 8 pesos per kilo = in the region. In the
fields evaluated we found 7 to 9 plants per linear meter with 14 to 15 pods per
plant and 5 to 7 grains per pod, estimating yields of 960 kilos per hectare.
Page 54
La Parrilla - Durango
The growing population of weeds, the lack of fertilization and the lack of water
limited the good development of these beans affecting the yield. Plants presented
heights of 28 to 32 cm (1 ft tall average). Most of the producers in this area
planted Pinto and Flor de Mayo beans. Despite of the weeds attack, grains’ health
and quality can be considered good. Plants’ foliage presented bacterial damage,
however, grains did not show any affectation. In the field evaluated we found 9 to
13 plants per linear meter with 5 to 7 pods per plant and 4 to 6 grains per pod,
Page 55
La Soledad - Durango
In Canatlan municipality, we found fields where the excess of moisture provoked
the proliferation of weeds in the beans. In contrast, other fields in the region
lacked sufficient water to develop correctly. Despite of the mentioned, grain
quality looked good in terms of size, texture and color, predominating the planting
of Pinto Saltillo and Canario beans. We observed bacterial damage in the plants’
foliage and in some fields we observed a high population of grasshopper,
however, these did not affect the grain’s quality. In the fields evaluated we found
5 to 8 plants per linear meter with 10 to 16 pods per plant and 4 to 6 grains per
pod, estimating 690 kilos per hectare.
Page 56
Los Angeles Poanas - Durango
In this community we found fields with high and medium yields, however most of the
beans here will have low yields. Health and final quality of the grains can be
considered good. Plants’ height was from 28 to 31 cm (1 ft tall), and most of the
producers planted Pinto beans in this region. In the fields evaluated we found 6 to 8
plants per linear meter with 8 to 32 pods per plant and 4 to 7 grains per pod,
estimating average yields of 800 kilos per hectare.
Page 57
Nombre de Dios - Durango
Crop conditions can be considered from regular to very good in this area. Bean
plants did not show plague or disease damage, however, weed population was
high. Health and final grain quality can be considered as good. Plants’ height was
32 to 34 cm and most producers planted Pinto beans here. In the fields evaluated
we found 6 to 10 plants per linear meter with 11 to 17 pods per plant and 4 to 7
grains per pod, estimating yields of 875 kilos per hectare.
Page 58
Ramon Corona - Durango
In Ramon Corona we found bean fields with poor development and low yields, but
also found some lots with good development presenting plants from 35 to 36 cm
(14 inches tall). Planted varieties in this region were mainly Pinto Saltillo and
Bola Black. Bean plants’ health was good and grain quality too. In the fields
evaluated we found 6 to 7 plants per linear meter with 20 to 22 pods per plant
and 4 to 5 grains per pod, estimating yields of 800 kilos per hectare. In the Pinto
bean fields evaluated we found 6 to 7 plants per linear meter with 25 to 28 pods
per plant and 4 to 6 grains per pod, estimating yields of 910 kilos per hectare.
Page 59
San Antonio de la Laguna - Durango
In Santa Clara municipality, drought conditions affected severely different crops’
production. This year, despite that the rainfall volume in the area was higher in
comparison with 2012, most of the beans did not reach a full development
because of the insufficient soil moisture, lack of weed control and lack of
fertilization. In the fields evaluated we found 5 to 7 plants per linear meter with 8
to 13 pods per plant and 4 to 6 grains per pod, estimating yields of 580 kilos per
hectare. Beans’ health and grain quality looked good.
Page 60
Santa Clara - Durango
In the last 5 years, Santa Clara municipality has suffered drought conditions. This
year, despite of the higher rainfall volume received in comparison with 2012,
most of the beans did not reach a good development because of the insufficient
soil moisture, lack of weed control and lack of fertilization. In the fields evaluated
we found 5 to 7 plants per linear meter, with 8 to 12 pods per plant and 4 to 6
grains per pod, estimating yields of 550 kilos per hectare. Bean health and grain
quality can be considered as good.
Page 61
Vicente Guerrero - Durango
It is expected that in this area, harvesting labor will generalize in the next 10
days. Physical conditions of the beans can be considered good. No phytosanitary
issues were detected as plants did not present plague or disease damage
affecting the grain’s quality. The only observation is about the high weed
population. In this municipality, they are estimating that prices paid to producers
will start at 8 pesos per kilo for Pinto and colored beans. Bean plants’ height
found was from 26 to 28 cm (11 inches tall) and most of the producers in the
area planted Pintos and some black and Flor de Mayo beans. In the fields
evaluated, we found 6 to 10 plants per linear meter with 10 to 14 pods per plant
Page 62
Villa Unión - Durango
Most fields in this community present regular yields. Bean plants did not reach a
vigorous development because of the high weed population in the fields. Despite
all this, health and final grain quality can be considered as good. Plants’ height is
30 to 32 cm (1 ft tall average) Most producers planted Pinto beans in this region
and in the fields evaluated we quantified 4 to 7 plants per linear meter with 8 to
12 pods and 5 to 6 grains per pod, estimating yields of 580 kilos per hectare.
Page 63
Alfredo Bonfil - Zacatecas
A bean plant sampling was made during the visit in order to make a production
estimation obtaining the following data: 6-8 Plants per meter, 15 to 18 pods per
plant and 4-5 grains per pod. The expected yield is 827 kg per hectare. The beans
did not show any plague, disease or weed. The grain quality looked good. The
main planted varieties in this area are Black and Pinto Saltillo beans. The prices
are 7 pesos for black beans and 8 pesos for Pinto Saltillo. There has not been any
security issues related to bean theft. The harvest will take place in 10 more days.
Page 64
Calera - Zacatecas
During the evaluation in this area, a bean plant sampling was made in order to
estimate the production obtaining the following data: 6 to 8 plants per meter, 13
to 17 pods per plant and 4 to 6 grains per pod, expecting yields of 798 kg per
hectare. The bean crop did not show any plague, disease or weed. The rainfall
season arrived on time to this area, reason why the grain quality is expected to
good. The variety planted in the field evaluated is Alubia. There has not been any
security issue related to bean theft. It is expected that these beans will be cut in
the next 10 days.
Page 65
Campo 10 la Honda – Zacatecas
During the evaluation in this area we found an average of: 5 to 7 plants per
meter, 18 to 21 pods per plant and 4 to 6 grains per pod. The expected yield is
900 kg per hectare. The crop did not show any plague, diseases or weed. The
grain quality will be good and the variety planted here is Black Beans. In some
areas producers have started cutting, however, if rainfall persist beans could be
damaged.
Page 66
Charco Blanco – Zacatecas
In order to make a production estimation, a sampling was done in this region,
obtaining the following data: 5 to 7 plants per meter, 15 to 20 pods per plant and
4 to 5 grains per pod, expecting yields of 851 kg per hectare. The crop did not
show plague, disease problems, however we detected some weeds. Grain quality
is expected to be good. The main variety in these fields is black beans. The beans
are being purchased at 8 pesos per kg to the producer. It is expected that these
beans will be cut in the next 10 days. No theft has been reported despite that
some beans are already piled up on the fields.
Page 67
Colonia Felipe Angeles - Zacatecas
As a result of the bean sampling made in order to estimate the production in the
following data was obtained: 5 to 7 plants per meter, 12 to 16 pods per plant and
4 to 5 grains per pod. The expected yield is 692 kg per hectare. We observed the
presence of weed in the fields, which is competing against beans for water and
nutrients. No plague or disease were detected. Grain quality will be good if the
persistent rains don’t cause damage to the beans which still need 10 more days
to be cut. The main planted variety is black beans. Until the moment there has
not been any security issues.
Page 68
Colonia Flores Garcia - Zacatecas
During the visit to these fields, we were able to appreciate that the crop does not
show any plague or disease, however some weed was found competing with the
plants for nutrients and energy. The main varieties planted in this region are
Black, Pinto Saltillo and colored beans in smaller proportion. Pinto Saltillo price
paid to the producers in the region is 8 pesos per kilo. From the fields evaluated
to estimate the production we obtained the following data: 4 to 5 plants per
meter, 12 to 15 pods per plant and 4 to 5 grains per pod, expecting average
yields of 476 kg per hectare. There has not been theft reports at the moment of
the assessment.
Page 69
Colonia González Ortega - Zacatecas
We observed that beans in this did not show any plague, disease or weed. The
main planted varieties are Black, Pinto Saltillo and colored beans in a smaller
proportion. The price paid to the producer for Pinto Saltillo is 8 pesos per kilo. In
the field evaluation made during the visit to estimate production we obtained the
following data: 5 to 6 plants per meter, 17 to 22 pods per plant and 4 to 5 grains
per pod, expecting yields of 912 kg per hectare. Grain quality could be damaged
if rainfall persist in the region, since these beans still need 12 days more to be
cut.
Page 70
Colonia Hidalgo - Zacatecas
A filed evaluation was made in this area in order to estimate bean production
finding: 5 to 6 plants per meter, 16 to 24 pods per plant and 4 to 5 grains per
pod, expecting average yields of 950 kg per hectare. No weed or disease was
found in this area, however we observed some plague damage to the pods. Grain
quality is expected to be good and the main varieties planted in the region are
Black, Pinto Saltillo and colored beans. This beans are expected to be cut in the
next 10 days.
Page 71
Colonia José María Morelos - Zacatecas
During the field evaluation to estimate production in this area the following data
was obtained: 5 to 6 plants per meter, 15 to 20 pods per plant and 4 to 5 grains
per pod and expected average yields are 821 kg per hectare. We observed some
weed presence however not significant. No plague or disease was found and grain
quality is expected to be good. The planted variety in these fields is Pinto Saltillo
and the price paid to the producer is 8 pesos per kilo. There are no reports of
bean theft. These beans are expected to be cut in 8 more days.
Page 72
Juan Aldama – Zacatecas
After the evaluation of the bean fields to estimate production in this area, we
obtained the following data: 5 to 7 plants per meter, 15 to 17 pods per plant and
4 to 5 grains per pod, expecting average yields of 730 kg per hectare. No plague,
disease or weed was found in the area. The rainfall occurred on time in the
region, which will help to obtain good quality grains. Variety planted in these
fields is “Media Oreja”, and are expected to be cut in the next 15 days.
Page 73
Miguel Auza – Zacatecas
Through the evaluation to estimate bean production in this area the following data
was obtained: 7 to 9 plants per meter, 16 to 22 pods per plant and 4 to 6 grains
per pod, expecting yields of 990 kg per hectare. Beans did not show any trace of
plague or disease, however we found insignificant weed. The rainfall was regular
which will help the quality of the grains. The planted variety in these fields is Black
beans which will be cut in 21 more days.
Page 74
Sombrerete - Zacatecas
During the evaluation, a bean field sampling was made to estimate production in
this area obtaining the following data: 7 to 9 plants per meter, 17 to 22 pods per
plant and 4 to 5 grains per pod, expecting average yields of 1,050 kg per hectare.
Beans did not show any trace of plagues, diseases or weed. Grain quality is
expected to be good and the variety planted is black beans which will be cut in 12
more days. There has not been reports of insecurity that affected the producers.
Page 75
Emancipación - Zacatecas
During the evaluation, a bean field sampling was made to estimate production in
the area obtaining the following data: 7 to 9 plants per meter, 17 to 22 pods per
plant and 4 to 5 grains per pod, expecting average yields of 1,050 kg per hectare.
No plague, disease or weed was detected in these fields. Planted variety is Pinto
Saltillo and grain quality is expected to be good. These beans are expected to be
cut in the next 15 days. Price paid to producers for Pinto Saltillo is 8 pesos per
kilo. No insecurity reports affecting directly bean producers in this area.
Page 76
Francisco R. Murguía - Zacatecas
In order to estimate bean production in this area, a bean field sampling was made
obtaining the following results: 5-6 plants per meter, 17-22 pods per plant and 45 grains per pod, expecting average yields of 670 kg per hectare. No plague or
disease was detected, however we noticed the presence of weed in some areas,
which might affect yields as it competes against beans for nutrients and energy.
Grain quality could be affected if rainfall persist in the region. The planted variety
is Media Oreja colored beans and it is estimated that these will be cut in the next
15 days. No price available for this variety, however price to the producer for
Pinto Saltillo is 8 pesos per kilo. No reports of insecurity related to bean
producers.
Page 77
La Boquilla – Zacatecas
Production estimation data in this area showed the following results: 5-6 plants
per meter, 12-17 pods per plant and 4-5 grains per pod, expecting yields of 638
kg per hectare. No plague or disease detected, however weed was found in some
areas which might affect yields since plants are competing for nutrients and
energy. Planted variety here is Flor de Junio beans which are expected to be cut in
10 more days. No insecurity reports related to bean production.
Page 78
La Florida – Zacatecas
In this area, we did not find traces of plague or disease, however some weeds
were detected. The field sampling to evaluate production in the area showed the
following results: 7-10 plants per meter, 16-20 pods per plant and 4-5 grains per
pod, expecting yields of 958 kg per hectare. Grain quality is expected to be good
and the planted variety is Pinto Saltillo, which is expected to be cut in 15 more
days. No reports of insecurity involving bean producers in this region.
Page 79
Las Jarillas – Zacatecas
During the assessment to these fields we found the presence of weeds but no
traces of plague or disease. The data obtained from the bean sampling to
calculate production in this area showed: 7-8 plants per meter, 15-20 pods per
plant and 4-5 grains per pod, expecting average yields of 866 kg per hectare.
Bean quality is expected to be good and the variety planted is Flor de Mayo which
are expected to be harvested in 15 more days. No price available for this colored
bean variety, however, price paid to the producer for Pinto Saltillo is 8 pesos per
kilo. No insecurity reports related to bean production in this area.
Page 80
Luis de Abrego – Zacatecas
In order to estimate bean production in this area, fields were sampled obtaining
the following results: 7-9 plants per meter, 15-20 pods per plant and 4-5 grains
per pod, expecting yields of 798 kg per hectare. No plague, disease or weed
detected. Since raining season was on time in this area this year, grain quality is
expected to be good, however, persistent rainfall in the region represents a risk
that could affect grain quality. Planted variety in these fields is Black beans which
are expected to be cut in the next 15 days. No price available for black beans at
the moment, however price paid to the producer for Pinto Saltillo is 8 pesos per
kilo. No reports of insecurity issues affecting bean producers in this area.
Page 81
Luis Moya – Zacatecas
During the evaluation of these fields, no presence of plague, disease or weed was
detected in beans. In order to estimate bean production we sampled fields
obtaining the following results: 6-8 plants per meter, 16-20 pods per plant and 46 grains per pod, calculating of 904 kg per hectare. Grain quality is expected to
be good and the planted variety is Black beans which are expected to be cut in 15
more days. No prices for black beans available at the moment, however, current
price paid to the producer for Pinto Saltillo is 8 pesos per kilo. No reports of
insecurity related to bean production.
Page 82
Luis Moya – Sombrerete - Zacatecas
Results from the production evaluation at the fields in this area are as follows: 57 plants per meter, 16-20 pods per plant and 4-6 grains per pod, estimating
average yields of 820 kg per hectare. Some of these beans presented plague
damage with pods perforated however, grain quality in general is expected to be
good. Planted variety is black beans which are expected to be cut in 12 more
days.
Page 83
Marcos de Abrego – Zacatecas
No plague, disease or weed were observed in these fields. Results from the field
sampling to estimate production in this area are as follows: 6-8 plants per meter,
16-20 pods per plant and 4-6 grains per pod, calculating yields of 904 kg per
hectare. Planted variety is Black beans and grain quality is expected to be good.
Fields are expected to be cut in 15 more days.
Page 84
Ojitos – Zacatecas
The field evaluation to estimate production in this area shows the following
average results: 5-7 plants per meter, 13-16 pods per plant and 4-6 grains per
pod, estimating average yields of 650 kg per hectare. Plague damage with pods
perforated was observed in some beans although not a significant amount. Some
weeds were found in some areas also, but nothing that could represent a risk.
Planted variety is Black beans and grain quality is expected to be good. These
beans will be cut in the next 15 days.
Page 85
Pedro de Abrego – Zacatecas
No presence of plague or disease detected, however, weeds were found in some
fields. Fields’ evaluation to estimate production in the area presented the
following results: 6-8 plants per meter, 14-18 pods per plant and 4-6 grains per
pod, estimating average yields of 876 kg per hectare. Planted variety is Flor de
Mayo beans and the quality is expected to be good. These beans are expected to
be cut in the next 12 days.
Page 86
Primero de Mayo – Zacatecas
Results from the production evaluation at the fields in this area are as follows: 56 plants per meter, 15-21 pods per plant and 4-5 grains per pod, expecting
average yields of 760 kg per hectare. No plague, disease or weed were found in
these fields. The planted variety is Black beans and grain quality is expected to
be good. These fields will be cut in 10 more days. No insecurity reports related to
bean production in this area.
Page 87
San Gerónimo – Zacatecas
In order to estimate bean production in the region, fields were sampled obtaining
the following results: 7-9 plants per meter, 16-20 pods per plant, 4-5 grains per
pod, expecting average yields of 904 kg per hectare. Beans did not show plague
or disease, however, some weed was found in the fields which might cause lower
yields. Planted variety is Pinto Saltillo which is currently being paid to the
producer at 8 pesos per kilo. These beans will be cut in about 12 more days.
Page 88
San Onofre – Zacatecas
No presence of plague, disease or weeds were found. Fields’ evaluation to
estimate bean production in the area presented the following results: 5-8 plants
per meter, 15-18 pods per plant and 4-5 grains per pod, with estimated average
yields of 790 kg per hectare. Grain quality is expected to be good and planted
variety is Pinto Saltillo, which current price paid to the producer is 8 pesos per
kilo. These beans will be cut in the next 15 days. No insecurity reports related to
bean production in this region.
Page 89
Rancho Colorado & Márquez - Chihuahua
Comments: Pinto Saltillo field. A bean sampling was made in order to make a
production estimation obtaining the following data: 4-5 grains en 1 pod; 19 to 24
pods per plant and 5 plants per linear meter. Estimated yield of 700 kilos per
hectare. Beans are in good conditions although some weed can be seen in the
field. No disease of plague was detected, and good quality is expected. Price paid
to the producer is estimated at 6 pesos per kilo at the time of harvesting. No
security problems reported. No crop conversion program was implemented in this
field.
Page 90
Anahuac – Cuauhtemoc - Chihuahua
Comments: A bean sampling was made at the field in order to estimate the production obtaining the
following data: 4-6 grains per pod; 18 to 24 pods per plant and 7 plants per linear meter. Estimated
yield is 800 kilos per hectare. Beans in good conditions with no weeds and no plague or disease
detected. Quality is expected to be good. Main variety planted in this field is Pinto Saltillo, but also
Bill Z, Monrose, and Creole. Current Price paid to the producer is 12 pesos per kilo, however it is
expected to drop to 7-8 pesos per kilo. No security problems affecting the producers have been
reported in the area. No crop conversion program was implemented in this field.
Page 91
Campo 72 – Rivapalacio - Chihuahua
Comments: Very good cultivation labor in this field but still some weed and
plague. No disease detected. Grain count per pod is 4-5 grains, 30-32 pods per
plant and 4-5 plants per linear meter. Estimated yield is 950 kilos per hectare.
Expected day to be cut is October 18th. This field still has a good moisture
reserve because of the constant rainfall in the area. Main variety planted in this
field is Pinto Saltillo. Expected price paid to the producer at the time of harvesting
is 9 pesos per kilo. No security problems and no crop conversion program
implemented here.
Page 92
Campo 28 – Cuisihuirachi - Chihuahua
Comments: this field is in the last phase of the productive stage, still filling pods
and maturing. Some blossoming can still be seen. Cutting is programmed for
October 20th. We found here 5 plants per linear meter with 26-28 pods per plant
and 4 grains per pod, calculating 820 kilos per hectare. In general beans look
very good although with some weed and a little plague because of the constant
rains in the area. There is still some moisture in the soul. Prices for pinto beans
are around 12 pesos per kilo, however they expect prices to reduce as the
harvesting time comes closer. No crop conversion program here and no reports of
crime.
Page 93
Carbajales de Arriba – Cuisihuirachi - Chihuahua
Comments: in this field we found 8-11 plants per linear meter with 18 to 21 pods
per plant and 4 to 6 grains per pod. An estimated yield of 1 MT per hectare. In
general, this field looks very good with no plague or disease damage. Some weed
detected due to the constant rains. Estimating to start cutting on October 19th.
Current price is 12 pesos per kilo but they are expecting a reduction to 9 pesos
per kilo a. No insecurity reports and no crop conversion in this area.
Page 94
Chopeque –Cuisihuirachi - Chihuahua
Comments: this field presented weed and grasshopper plague, which have
affected the Pinto Saltillo production in this field. We found 4 to 6 grains per pod,
18 to 22 pods per plant and 8 plants per linear meter, estimating yields of 950
kilos per hectare. Bean prices at the time of the visit were 12 pesos per kilo,
however these are expected to decrease to 8 pesos per kilo. No insecurity reports
and no crop conversion program in this region.
Page 95
El Vallecillo - Chihuahua
Comments: at this field we observed 5 plants per linear meter with 18 to 24 pods
and 4-5 grains, estimating a yield of 700 kilos per hectare. Grain quality is poor
wit grasshopper damage and weed. Most of the surface was planted with Pinto
Saltillo and there is no crop conversion program this year in this region.
Estimated Price paid to the producers is expected to be 9 pesos per kilo. Fields
are fenced in order to protect the beans from robberies and predator animals.
Page 96
La Paz – Gran Morelos - Chihuahua
Comments: soils with stony-sandy texture, presents some cultivation labor,
however we could still observe weed. No plague or disease detected. We found 5
plants per linear meter with 18 to 24 pods and 4 to 5 grains, estimating yields of
700 kilos per hectare. Very good quality grain. Estimated price paid to the
producer is 9 pesos per kilo. No insecurity reports. No crop conversion program in
the region.
Page 97
Laborcita de San Javier – Gran Morelos - Chihuahua
Comments: this field presented matured plants in good conditions, low population
of weed and no plague or disease detected. We found 5 to 6 plants per linear
meter with 20 to 24 pods per plant and 4 to 5 grains per pod, estimating a
production of 850 kilos per hectare. Quality is very good. Main variety planted
here is Pinto Saltillo and the price expected is 8 pesos per kilo paid to the
producer. No insecurity problems have been reported and no crop conversion
program was implemented in this area.
Page 98
Santa Rosa – General Trias - Chihuahua
Comments: soil with stony-sandy texture, well cultivated with weed, plague and
disease control. We found 4-5 plants per linear meter with 18 to 26 pods per
plant and 4 grains per pod average, estimated a yield of 700 kilos per hectare.
Pinto Saltillo is the variety planted in this area. No crop conversion program was
implemented. Price expected is 8 pesos per kilo paid to the producer. They
estimated to start cutting on October 18th,. No insecurity reports however, fields
are fenced to keep animals from invading the crops.
Page 99
Belisario Dominguez - Chihuahua
Comments: we found 5 plants per linear meter, with 20 to 25 pods per plant and
4 to 6 grains in the pods, estimating a yield of 750 kilos per hectare. No weed or
disease detected, however we noticed some grasshoppers. Grain quality is good
and they planted Pinto Saltillo, Monrose, Bill Z and Creole beans No crop
conversion program in this area. No insecurity reports.
Page 100
Carbajales de Abajo - Chihuahua
Comments: some weed and plague were observed in these fields. In some cases
beans are already piled. Most of the producers planted Pinto Saltillo in the region
and also Bill Z and 5% Monrose. We found 7 plants per linear meter with 18 to
22 plants per pod and 4 to 5 grains per pod, estimating yields of 820 kilos per
hectare. Current price 12 pesos per kilo paid to the producer, however they
expect that prices will drop to 7 pesos per kilo, Grain quality is excellent,
although with some weed and plague. No insecurity reports and no crop
conversion program implemented in this area.
Page 101
Ejido Benito Juarez – Namiquipa - Chihuahua
Comments: we found 5 plants per linear meter with 30 to 34 pods per plant; 4 to 6
grains per pod, estimating a yield of 980 kilos per hectare. Plant quality is excellent
although it can still be seen some weed and plague. Most of the beans here are Pinto
Saltillo, Bill Z and Monrose. Estimated price is 9 pesos paid to the producer. No crop
conversion program implemented here and no insecurity reports.
Page 102
Rancho Colorado & Márquez - Chihuahua
Comments: Pinto Saltillo field. A bean sampling was made in order to make a
production estimation obtaining the following data: 4-5 grains en 1 pod; 19 to 24
pods per plant and 5 plants per linear meter. Estimated yield of 700 kilos per
hectare. Beans are in good conditions although some weed can be seen in the
field. No disease of plague was detected, and good quality is expected. Price paid
to the producer is estimated at 6 pesos per kilo at the time of harvesting. No
security problems reported. No crop conversion program was implemented in this
field.
Page 90
Anahuac – Cuauhtemoc - Chihuahua
Comments: A bean sampling was made at the field in order to estimate the production obtaining the
following data: 4-6 grains per pod; 18 to 24 pods per plant and 7 plants per linear meter. Estimated
yield is 800 kilos per hectare. Beans in good conditions with no weeds and no plague or disease
detected. Quality is expected to be good. Main variety planted in this field is Pinto Saltillo, but also
Bill Z, Monrose, and Creole. Current Price paid to the producer is 12 pesos per kilo, however it is
expected to drop to 7-8 pesos per kilo. No security problems affecting the producers have been
reported in the area. No crop conversion program was implemented in this field.
Page 91
Campo 72 – Rivapalacio - Chihuahua
Comments: Very good cultivation labor in this field but still some weed and
plague. No disease detected. Grain count per pod is 4-5 grains, 30-32 pods per
plant and 4-5 plants per linear meter. Estimated yield is 950 kilos per hectare.
Expected day to be cut is October 18th. This field still has a good moisture
reserve because of the constant rainfall in the area. Main variety planted in this
field is Pinto Saltillo. Expected price paid to the producer at the time of harvesting
is 9 pesos per kilo. No security problems and no crop conversion program
implemented here.
Page 92
Campo 28 – Cuisihuirachi - Chihuahua
Comments: this field is in the last phase of the productive stage, still filling pods
and maturing. Some blossoming can still be seen. Cutting is programmed for
October 20th. We found here 5 plants per linear meter with 26-28 pods per plant
and 4 grains per pod, calculating 820 kilos per hectare. In general beans look
very good although with some weed and a little plague because of the constant
rains in the area. There is still some moisture in the soul. Prices for pinto beans
are around 12 pesos per kilo, however they expect prices to reduce as the
harvesting time comes closer. No crop conversion program here and no reports of
crime.
Page 93
Carbajales de Arriba – Cuisihuirachi - Chihuahua
Comments: in this field we found 8-11 plants per linear meter with 18 to 21 pods
per plant and 4 to 6 grains per pod. An estimated yield of 1 MT per hectare. In
general, this field looks very good with no plague or disease damage. Some weed
detected due to the constant rains. Estimating to start cutting on October 19th.
Current price is 12 pesos per kilo but they are expecting a reduction to 9 pesos
per kilo a. No insecurity reports and no crop conversion in this area.
Page 94
Chopeque –Cuisihuirachi - Chihuahua
Comments: this field presented weed and grasshopper plague, which have
affected the Pinto Saltillo production in this field. We found 4 to 6 grains per pod,
18 to 22 pods per plant and 8 plants per linear meter, estimating yields of 950
kilos per hectare. Bean prices at the time of the visit were 12 pesos per kilo,
however these are expected to decrease to 8 pesos per kilo. No insecurity reports
and no crop conversion program in this region.
Page 95
El Vallecillo - Chihuahua
Comments: at this field we observed 5 plants per linear meter with 18 to 24 pods
and 4-5 grains, estimating a yield of 700 kilos per hectare. Grain quality is poor
wit grasshopper damage and weed. Most of the surface was planted with Pinto
Saltillo and there is no crop conversion program this year in this region.
Estimated Price paid to the producers is expected to be 9 pesos per kilo. Fields
are fenced in order to protect the beans from robberies and predator animals.
Page 96
La Paz – Gran Morelos - Chihuahua
Comments: soils with stony-sandy texture, presents some cultivation labor,
however we could still observe weed. No plague or disease detected. We found 5
plants per linear meter with 18 to 24 pods and 4 to 5 grains, estimating yields of
700 kilos per hectare. Very good quality grain. Estimated price paid to the
producer is 9 pesos per kilo. No insecurity reports. No crop conversion program in
the region.
Page 97
Laborcita de San Javier – Gran Morelos - Chihuahua
Comments: this field presented matured plants in good conditions, low population
of weed and no plague or disease detected. We found 5 to 6 plants per linear
meter with 20 to 24 pods per plant and 4 to 5 grains per pod, estimating a
production of 850 kilos per hectare. Quality is very good. Main variety planted
here is Pinto Saltillo and the price expected is 8 pesos per kilo paid to the
producer. No insecurity problems have been reported and no crop conversion
program was implemented in this area.
Page 98
Santa Rosa – General Trias - Chihuahua
Comments: soil with stony-sandy texture, well cultivated with weed, plague and
disease control. We found 4-5 plants per linear meter with 18 to 26 pods per
plant and 4 grains per pod average, estimated a yield of 700 kilos per hectare.
Pinto Saltillo is the variety planted in this area. No crop conversion program was
implemented. Price expected is 8 pesos per kilo paid to the producer. They
estimated to start cutting on October 18th,. No insecurity reports however, fields
are fenced to keep animals from invading the crops.
Page 99
Belisario Dominguez - Chihuahua
Comments: we found 5 plants per linear meter, with 20 to 25 pods per plant and
4 to 6 grains in the pods, estimating a yield of 750 kilos per hectare. No weed or
disease detected, however we noticed some grasshoppers. Grain quality is good
and they planted Pinto Saltillo, Monrose, Bill Z and Creole beans No crop
conversion program in this area. No insecurity reports.
Page 100
Carbajales de Abajo - Chihuahua
Comments: some weed and plague were observed in these fields. In some cases
beans are already piled. Most of the producers planted Pinto Saltillo in the region
and also Bill Z and 5% Monrose. We found 7 plants per linear meter with 18 to
22 plants per pod and 4 to 5 grains per pod, estimating yields of 820 kilos per
hectare. Current price 12 pesos per kilo paid to the producer, however they
expect that prices will drop to 7 pesos per kilo, Grain quality is excellent,
although with some weed and plague. No insecurity reports and no crop
conversion program implemented in this area.
Page 101
Ejido Benito Juarez – Namiquipa - Chihuahua
Comments: we found 5 plants per linear meter with 30 to 34 pods per plant; 4 to 6
grains per pod, estimating a yield of 980 kilos per hectare. Plant quality is excellent
although it can still be seen some weed and plague. Most of the beans here are Pinto
Saltillo, Bill Z and Monrose. Estimated price is 9 pesos paid to the producer. No crop
conversion program implemented here and no insecurity reports.
Page 102
El Potrero - Guanajuato
A sampling was done during the visit in order to estimate yields in the area
obtaining the following data: 6-8 plants per meter, 15-20 pods per plant and 4-6
grains per plant. The estimated yield is 905 kilos per hectare. The crop does not
show any plague, disease or weed. The grain quality is expected to be good. The
planted variety in this field is black beans and the harvest will resume in
approximately 15 more days.
Page 103
Ibarra - Guanajuato
A sampling was done during the visit in order to estimate production in the area
grains per pod, expecting a yield of 851 kg per hectare. The crop does not show
any plague, disease or weed problems. Grain quality is looking good but the rains
need to stop to harvest a good quality grain. The main planted variety is Pinto
Saltillo. At the moment there as not been any security incident related to bean
theft. The harvest will take place in 15 days.
Page 104
La Haciendita - Guanajuato
During the visit a sampling was done in order to make a production estimation
grains per pod, expecting a yield of 610 kg per hectare. The crop does not show
any plague or disease but there is a strong weed presence that can affect the
yield. It is important to mention that besides of the weed problem, if the rains
continue there could be grain quality damage. The main variety planted in this
field is Black beans. So far, there has not been any security problem. The harvest
will start in 15 days.
Page 105
La Tinaja - Guanajuato
grains per pod, expecting a yield of 875 kg per hectare. There is no plague,
disease or weed presence in the crop. The grains will have good quality. There
has not been any security issues. The harvesting is expected to begin in 15 days.
Page 106
Laguna de Guadalupe - Guanajuato
obtaining the following data: 6-9 plants per meter, 12-15 pods per plant, 4-5
grains per plant, expecting a yield of 638 kg per hectare. The crop does not show
any plague, disease or weed. The grain quality is expected to be good. The main
planted variety is Pinto Saltillo. There have not been any security problems that
affect the producers. The harvest will begin in 15 days.
Page 107
Providencia de Guadalupe - Guanajuato
During the visit a sampling was made to estimate the production in this area
grains per pod. The expected yield is 958 kg per hectare. There is no sign of
plague or disease, but there is a small presence of weed that could cause a yield
reduction. The main planted variety is black beans. The producers have not have
any security issue. The harvesting will start in 15 days.
Page 108
San Martín del Mezquite - Guanajuato
During our visit to these fields we estimated bean production obtaining the
following data: 5-6 plants per meter, 14-20 pods per plant and 4-5 grains per
pod. Expecting a yield of 650 kg per hectare. There is no sign of plague, disease
or weed. The main planted variety is black beans. Producers have not had any
security issues. The harvesting will start in 15 days.
Page 109
San Pedro de Almoloyan - Guanajuato
A sampling was done during the visit in order to make and estimation of the
production in this area obtaining the following data: 5-6 plants per meter, 16-24
pods per plant and 4-5 grains per pod, expecting yields of 821 kg per hectare.
There is no sign of plague or disease but we noticed the presence of weed,
competing against beans for light, water and nutrients reducing yields. The
producers have not had any security issues. The harvesting will start in 15 days.
Page 110
Azogueros – San Luis Potosi
Due to the lack of moisture yields are expected to be low in the area because of
the poor plant development, expecting 250 to 300 Kg/Ha. During the fields’
evaluation, we found 4 to 5 plants per meter and 8 pods per plant average. With
these kind of yields producers will not be able to obtain profits, meaning that
these beans will be used for self-consumption or kept for seed.
Page 111
El Barril – San Luis Potosi
In this area, we observed that pods have not dried out yet, and we found 6-8
plants per meter, 12-15 pods per plant 5 grains per pod The yield, estimating
yields form 550 to 700 Kg per hectare.
Page 112
Illescas – San Luis Potosi
In this region we observed that they will have low yields because of the poor
bean plant development caused by drought damage. Although bean plants look
healthy, blossoming and pod filling was low in the area. We estimated yields from
400 to 450 kilos per hectare.
Page 113
Jesús María – San Luis Potosi
During this evaluation we observed that bean pods in some fields have not dried
yet and in some other the pods are already dry. We also found fields that were
already being harvested. Yields in this area are expected to be low from 400 to
500 kilos per hectare because of poor plant development.
Page 114
La Palma - San Luis Potosi
Bean yields this area are expected to be very low between 250 and 300 kg per
hectare. Some beans are still drying while some other are ready to be harvested.
Despite of the adverse conditions lacking soil moisture and nutrients bean plants’
health and quality looked good.
Page 115
La Victoria – San Luis Potosi
This municipality is expected to obtain the best yields in the area estimating from
550 to 700 kilos per hectare. Beans present better health conditions and
development because soil moisture was higher in the area.
Page 116
Los Hernández – San Luis Potosi
In these fields beans are still very green. Our evaluation showed that there are 3
to 6 plants per meter with 12 pods per plant and 3 to 5 grains per pod,
estimating yields from 300 to 350 kilos per hectare.
Page 117
Salitral de Carrera – San Luis Potosi
Some beans in this area are ready to be harvested but some other are still green
since the crop had a second blooming due to the presence of moisture in midSeptember. In the fields evaluated we found 4 to 5 plants per meter, with 10
pods per plant 3 to 4 grains per pod, estimating yields from 300 to 400 kilos per
hectare.
Page 118
Salitrillo - San Luis Potosi
During our evaluation, we found some bean plants that are still the pod
development stage and some other are drying, however, most of them are ready
to be harvested. We found an average of 4 to 6 plants per meter with 10 pods
per plant and 4 to 6 grains per pod, estimating yields of 390 to 550 kilos per
hectare.
Page 119
San José de Punteros - San Luis Potosi
In this are we observed that some beans are already dry and some are being
harvested at this moment and we also appreciated some bean plants with severe
drought damage. Yields are expected to be low because of the poor plant’s
development estimating from 350 to 450 kg per hectare. We found an average of
8 plants per meter with 10 pods per plant and 5 grains per pod. There are some
dry plants because the lack of moisture.
Page 120
Sauz de Calera – San Luis Potosi
Most beans were ready to be harvested in this area, however some are still
drying. We found an average of 6 plants per meter with 15 pods per plant and 4
grains per pod, estimating yields from 450 to 650 kilos per hectare.
Page 121
Villa de Ramos - San Luis Potosi
In this municipality we found some black beans that are still in the pod
development stage, Pinto beans are still drying, while most of the colored beans
are ready for harvesting. We found an average of 5 plants per meter with 6 pods
per plant and 4 grains per pod in the case of black beans, whereas for Pintos we
found 7 grains per pod and for colored beans we found 5 grains per pod.
Estimated yields are 350 kilos per hectare for black beans and 580 kilos per
hectare foe Pintos and colored beans.
Page 122

2013 Mexico Harvest Tour Report

Transcription

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