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Contents
Articles
skulduggery pleasent
1
Skulduggery Pleasant
1
the enchanted wood
6
The Enchanted Wood (novel)
kidnapped
Kidnapped (novel)
6
8
8
the prisoner of zenda
14
The Prisoner of Zenda
14
References
Article Sources and Contributors
19
Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors
20
Article Licenses
License
21
1
skulduggery pleasent
Skulduggery Pleasant
Skulduggery Pleasant
Author(s)
Derek Landy
Original title
List Of Conflicts
Cover artist
Tom Percival
Country
Ireland
Language
English
Genre(s)
Children's novel, Fantasy novel
Publisher
HarperCollins
Publication date 2007
Media type
Print (Hardcover)
Pages
368 pp (first edition, hardback)
ISBN
ISBN 0-00-724161-5 (first edition, hardback)
OCLC Number
77012018
Followed by
Playing with Fire (2008)
[1]
Skulduggery Pleasant is the debut novel of Irish playwright Derek Landy, published in 2007. It is the first of the
Skulduggery Pleasant novels. The novel crosses the horror, comedy, mystery, romance and fantasy genres.
The story follows the titular character Skulduggery Pleasant, an undead sorcerer and detective, with his partner
Stephanie Edgley who calls herself Valkyrie Cain (valk-i-ri cane), and numerous magic-wielding allies as they try to
prevent Nefarian Serpine from unleashing a weapon of terrible power on the world. The book was retitled Sceptre Of
The Ancients for the 2009 paperback release in the US and Canada. Harper Collins Audio also publishes the
unabridged CD sets of the books read by Rupert Degas.
It won the coveted Red House Children's Book Award and the Hampshire Book Award in 2007.[2]
Plot summary
Stephanie Edgley's novelist uncle dies, leaving her his vast mansion and the royalties from his best-selling books. At
the reading of the will, a strange man in a tan overcoat, a hat, sunglasses and a scarf is present, who is left a piece of
advice, along with Fergus and Beryl, Stephanie's none-too-liked aunt and uncle. Stephanie's aunt and uncle are given
something as well: a seemingly useless brooch, a boat, and a car, which they both do not want. Spending a night
alone in the mansion, Stephanie is attacked by a strange man, demanding she gives him a "key". As the man attacks
Stephanie, the mysterious man in the tan overcoat from Gordon's funeral, known as Skulduggery Pleasant, arrives
and saves her, throwing a fireball and then shooting the attacker. Skulduggery's disguise of a hat, wig and sunglasses
fall off to reveal that he is an undead wizard, made up of only a skeleton held together by magic. He takes Stephanie
as his partner and races to save the world from the Sceptre of the Ancients, a mysterious staff located only in
folklore. However, one of his old rivals has already retrieved it and Skulduggery may be too late to save the world,
Skulduggery Pleasant
with or without Stephanie.
There are many similarities to H. P. Lovecraft in the story. The Faceless Ones are likely inspired by the Great Old
Ones of Lovecraft's Cthulhu Mythos and Lovecraft actually gets a mention by Skulduggery saying that his stories
were inspired by myths about the Faceless Ones. Serpine also uses Lovecraft's name as an alias.
Characters
Skulduggery Pleasant
Skulduggery fought on the good side under the mage Meritorious during the secret war as one of the generals but
was caught in a deadly trap by Nefarian Serpine under Mevolent's command. He killed Skulduggery's wife and
daughter in front of him. Furious, Skulduggery grabbed a dagger to kill Serpine with, but Serpine had planned this.
The dagger was poisoned and killed Skulduggery. After Skulduggery's death, his body was impaled on a spike and
burned as an example to Mevolent's other enemies. Though as a result of a necromancer experiment, Skulduggery
did not move on after his death but stayed and watched the war progress; to his horror, the tide turned and Mevolent
gained advantage. In the book, Skulduggery's past life name (given name) has not been revealed, though author
Derek Landy says it was "Skulduggery Pleasant" before he died. Skulduggery accepts the sacrifice of individuals as
part of war, but he is highly reluctant to allow this to happen to Stephanie(aka Valkyrie Cain). He protects her
diligently throughout the novel. He has many loyal friends. In 'Death Bringer', it is revealed that the reason he didn't
die was because High Priest Tenebre of the Irish Necromancer order, interfered with the creation of Serpine's red
right hand; making it impossible for Serpine to completely kill Skulduggery. However when Skulduggery came back
he was a little different to how he had been before and, instead of rejoining the army, he sought out Tenebre and the
other Necromancers. There he learned the art of necromancy, being one of the few sorcerers able to switch magics
after the surge, and soon became one of the top candidates for the death bringer. He also took on a new name: Lord
Vile. After he had reached the strongest he could become he abandoned the necromancers (much to their dismay)
and joined the forces of Mevolent. He didn't even believe in their beliefs; he just wanted to kill as many as he could,
including his best friend, Ghastly's, Mother as well as many battlefields all alone. After a few years, he came to his
sense, went to a cave and abandoned his necromancer armor which held all his necromancers power.Everyone else
believed Lord Vile to have died. It has been commented that Lord Vile is the same to Skulduggery as Darquesse is to
Valkyrie i.e. the personification of their 'bad mood'. Skulduggery was forced to become Lord Vile again to defeat
Melancholia, whether this is the last we'll see of his terrifying alter-ego, is unknown.
Stephanie Edgley (Valkyrie Cain)
Stephanie is a 12-year-old girl living in the quiet Irish sea-side town of Haggard. She is the niece of Gordon Edgley,
a recently deceased horror novelist, whose novels she discovers were not completely fictional. She first meets
Skulduggery at Gordon's funeral; Gordon was a friend of Skulduggery's. Skulduggery tells Stephanie how Gordon
once described her as "strong-willed, intelligent, sharp-tongued, doesn't suffer fools gladly",[3] traits Gordon himself
possessed. Stephanie proves herself to have all these qualities in spades, clashing wits with Skulduggery and
annoying him to no end. She refuses to be left behind by Skulduggery when they first meet, despite his advice that
she keep out of danger. He later comes to respect her abilities, recognizing them when she herself does not.
Stephanie despised her boring, ordinary life; she did not have anything in common with her peers and though not
disruptive at school, has a healthy disregard for authority. She takes great enjoyment in Skulduggery's more criminal
escapades, such as breaking into a museum vault. She constantly proves herself to be every bit the equal of the
adults, though some people under-estimate her – her pet peeve is being called "child" or "baby".
Though possessing no immediately obvious special abilities, other than fundamental running, swimming and fighting
instincts which help her out of trouble at the outset of the novel, Stephanie later learns she is a descendant of the
original sorcerers. She begins to develop her magic skills, manipulating air in a climatic battle scene and managing
2
Skulduggery Pleasant
to create fire at the end of the novel. Skulduggery offers to help her master her magical abilities, so that she can
assist him in adventures to come. Her main strengths, however, are her intelligence, her sheer strength of will and
determination. She is also a very quick learner of magic, being able to master the basics of Necromancy.
Stephanie is revealed to be the Darquesse, a powerful sorceress who is even seen to have murdered her family.
Stephanie is briefly transformed into the Darquesse when she is possessed by a Remnant.
According to the novel's magical premise, knowing someone's name gives you power over them. China Sorrows
knows Stephanie's name, and uses this knowledge to prevent Stephanie from rescuing Skulduggery. Stephanie takes
on the name Valkyrie Cain. Taking this name seals her given name away, keeping others from controlling her and
breaking China's hold on her, allowing her to save Skulduggery. Although known as Valkyrie by other characters
from this point onwards, Landy continues to refer to her in the third-person as Stephanie, and Skulduggery chooses
to call her by Valkyrie. However, for the rest of the series, she is known as Valkyrie.
She got her name from the Norse warrior women who guard Valhalla (she first heard this name after listening to
"Ride of the Valkyries" with her dad) and she got her last name from the word cain. (Skulduggery Pleasant
introduced the word to her, claiming that she had a "penchant for raising cain", meaning that she makes trouble).
Tanith Low
Tanith Low is a master swordswoman who is first introduced while battling a troll on London Bridge in the first
book. Tanith does not work for the Elders (who are the leaders of the magical population of Europe) because she has
a natural distrust of all authority. Instead she merely, as Springheeled Jack says in 'Playing With Fire', "deals out
what she calls justice". She is English and originally lived in London. Tanith Low's job is to apprehend or otherwise
kill criminals and evil creatures who threaten national security.
She befriends Valkyrie in Book 1. During a conversation with Valkyrie, Tanith expresses a desire for a little sister
and she and Valkyrie develop an affectionate sisterly relationship. Valkyrie refers to Tanith as being like a sister to
her in the fourth book. Tanith is also known to have an elder brother whom she states she "loves to death." Despite
her softer, warmer side, Tanith can be very ruthless, sending two Cleavers to their death in order to distract some
Hollow Men to rescue Skulduggery from Serpine. She is also an excellent fighter. She takes on Serpine's White
Cleaver in combat at the end of the first book, and nearly wins, but the White Cleaver throws his scythe through her
back and she nearly dies.
She assists Skulduggery in defeating the Torment in the second book. She is an Adept who can run on walls,
strengthen doors and unlock locks by touching them. Her appearance is one of beauty as she is described as
appearing in her early twenties with golden hair. Her actual age is around eighty. In Playing With Fire Springheeled
Jack thinks to himself And such a pretty face. Jack hadn't seen a pretty face in many a year. and Valkyrie has
remarked that Tanith acts like a four year old despite her physical or actual age. In Book 2 she comments that
Valkyrie should spend more time with people her age. While fighting the Grotesquery halfway through the book she
was poisoned by it and the others had to go to the Sanctuary to get the antidote for her.
In Book 3, she is asked to protect Peregrine, but fails and is injured in the hand by Murder Rose and Gruesome Krav
in the process. In the end of the book, she loses in a fight against Murder Rose again, resulting in more injuries.
In Book 4, Tanith assists Valkyrie in finding Skulduggery’s skull. She is arrested by the Sanctuary when she tries to
assist in stealing Skulduggery’s skull from the Sanctuary. She is later freed, and is kidnapped by the Revengers Club
and tortured by a possessed Grouse.
In Book 5, Mortal Coil, Tanith develops some feelings towards Ghastly Bespoke after he asks her out on a date.
Later on, Tanith is taken over, or possessed by a remnant, and loses her true self and control of her body. At the end
of the book she and Billy-Ray Sanguine are together. As Valkyrie puts it "Tanith was gone now. She was lost."
Though Valkyrie hopes that they will be able to track down Tanith and remove the remnant, she doubts it. Ghastly
only became an Elder to try to find a way to help Tanith.
3
Skulduggery Pleasant
Nefarian Serpine
The arch-villain Serpine is an evil sorcerer who once served under Mevolent. He possesses magical powers that rival
orpine and he eventually does by using the Sceptre to destroy the Great Book of Names, preventing the return of the
Faceless Ones, enraging Serpine who attempts to kill Stephanie but Skulduggery stops him and avenges the death of
his family by vaporizing Serpine with the Sceptre.
Serpine is highly intelligent and a skilled manipulator who seduced Sagacious Tome into joining him. He is a fanatic
who is believed by many (Skulduggery included) to be insane, although the Faceless Ones (as proved in Book 2
Playing with Fire and Book 3 The Faceless Ones) are actually real.
The greatest weapon in Serpine's arsenal is his right hand which some dark power has stripped of all its flesh and
possesses the ability to put individuals in great pain, eventually killing them when pointed at. He was taught this by
high priest Tenebrae after Serpine blocked the necromancers temple.
Minor characters
For minor characters see the List of minor characters in Skulduggery Pleasant.
Reviews
Skulduggery Pleasant has opened to largely positive reviews by critics.
• Phillip Ardagh (The Guardian):
It's exciting, pacy, nicely handled and it's fun. There's nothing worthy about it, and it's all the better for that.
And, I might add, it's self-contained. Landy may well revisit these characters – I sincerely hope he does – but
it's a pleasingly rounded tale, which is refreshing in these days of endless open-ended books of never-ending
series.[4]
• Nathan Nicholls (Whitby Gazette):
There is no expense spared by Landy in this book and I would have to say that everyone who could be
bothered to read it, would definitely be drawn into it and certainly enjoy it. ... Something for everyone and
everything for someone, Skulduggery Pleasant is easily my book of the year so far. Read it![5]
• Christina Hardyment (The Independent):
Landy is an established horror writer, and the combats between Skulduggery, Serpine and his legions of
Hollow Men and vampires rival the climaxes of the Potter films for hair-raising effects; it isn't often that
writing makes you feel as if you are watching a film.[6]
• The Times:
Derek Landy's debut, Skulduggery Pleasant ... has a distinctly Horowitzian humour and verve to it, being a
detective story featuring a wizard's skeleton as hero. When Stephanie's uncle dies, she discovers his horror
stories weren't fiction, and that evil forces are after her for a mysterious key. Wisecracking madly, the duo
must survive each other as well as Hell. At the end of it, readers of 12+ may well be regretting their
consumption of chocolate eggs.[7]
• Phoenix Dee (Elemental)
I love these books. They are a pleasing mix of horror, comedy (lots of that), romance and fantasy. You get a
real depth to the stories. I can't wait for the film!!
4
Skulduggery Pleasant
Awards
Skulduggery Pleasant won the Red House Children's Book Award,[8] the Bolton Children's Book Award[9] and the
Staffordshire Young Teen Fiction Award.[10] The book was also recommended for confident readers (9+) by the
Richard & Judy Children's Book Club in 2007. It also won the Portsmouth Book Awards in 2008, having been
selected by school children in Portsmouth.[11] Also, in 2009, it won the Kernow Youth and Grampian Book Awards
by a majority vote. In 2010, Skulduggery Pleasant was awarded the title of Irish Book of the Decade, after being up
against some of the world's best sellers.[12]
References
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
http:/ / worldcat. org/ oclc/ 77012018
Red House Children's Book Award (http:/ / www. redhousechildrensbookaward. co. uk/ ).
Landy, p. 13
Review at The Guardian (http:/ / books. guardian. co. uk/ reviews/ childrenandteens/ 0,,2051807,00. html)
Review at the Witby Gazette (http:/ / www. whitbygazette. co. uk/ book-reviews/ Skulduggery-very-Pleasant. 3334491. jp)
Review at The Independent (http:/ / www. independent. co. uk/ arts-entertainment/ books/ reviews/ books-for-812s-reviewed-445385. html)
Short Review at the Times (http:/ / entertainment. timesonline. co. uk/ tol/ arts_and_entertainment/ books/ children/ article1591221. ece)
Red House Children's Book Award (http:/ / www. redhousechildrensbookaward. co. uk/ )
Bolton Children's Book Award 2008 at Bolton Literacy Trust (http:/ / www. boltonliteracytrust. org. uk/ 9. html)
[10] YTF 2008 (http:/ / www. staffordshire. gov. uk/ leisure/ libraries/ teenagelibraryservice/ YTF/ Skulduggery. htm)
[11] http:/ / www. portsmouth. gov. uk/ learning/ 1048. html
[12] http:/ / www. independent. ie/ breaking-news/ national-news/ irish-book-of-the-decade-announced-2201796. html
External links
• Skulduggery Pleasant UK, Australia and New Zealand Official Website (http://www.skulduggerypleasant.co.
uk)
• Skulduggery Pleasant US and Canada Official Website (http://www.skulduggerypleasant.com)
5
6
the enchanted wood
The Enchanted Wood (novel)
The Enchanted Wood
1st edition cover
Author(s)
Enid Blyton
Illustrator
Dorothy M. Wheeler
Country
UK
Language
English
Series
The Faraway Tree
Genre(s)
Fantasy
Publisher
George Newnes
Publication date May, 1939
Media type
Print (Hardcover)
Pages
192 pp
Followed by
The Magic Faraway Tree
The Enchanted Wood is a children's novel written by Enid Blyton; it is the first in The Faraway Tree series.
Plot summary
Jo (also known as Joe in later editions), Bessie (Beth in later editions), and Fanny (Frannie in later editions) move to
the country and find an Enchanted Wood right on their doorstep. In the wood stands the magic Faraway Tree, which
is home to the magical characters that soon become their new friends - Moon-face, Silky the Fairy,Saucepan Man,
Angry Pixie, Mister Watsizname and Dame Washalot. Together they visit the strange lands (the Roundabout Land,
the Land of Ice and Snow, Toyland ,the Land of Spells and the Land of Take What You Want) which lie at the top of
the tree and have exciting adventures.
Lands in the book
• The Roundabout Land
This land spins round and round like a roundabout, and plays music as it spins. In the land live a number of rabbits
and an old man who sings along with the music while tapping his hand to the beat. The land only stops spinning once
in a blue moon.
• The Land of Ice and Snow
The land is full of ice and snow. It has a moon and a sun in the sky at the same time. In the land lives the polar bears,
and the Magic Snowman used to live there before Moonface melted him.
• The Land of the Old Saucepan Man
The Enchanted Wood (novel)
The Saucepan Man used to live there before he came to live in the Faraway Tree. The island has mist around it and a
set of saucepans as steps, leading down to the Saucepan Man’s home.
• The Rocking Land
Is a land where you can’t take one step forward without taking ten steps back! Hills in the land go up and down and
sometimes the land will tip completely sideways and you have to grab hold of a tree or roll off! It is believed that it
is held by a giant who is trying to throw the land of his back.
• The Land of Take-What-You-Want
Is a land in which, as the name suggests, you can take whatever you want for free.
• The Land of Dame Slap (Snap in later editions.)
Is the land where Dame Slap has her school for naughty brownies, pixies and fairies, and results with very horrid
punishments (eg: Got to bed without supper, slaps, etc). This was later changed into 'Dame Snap', who shouts instead
of slaps, in order to reduce the image of violence and to be more politically correct.
• The Land of Sea-Gulls
Is a land full of Sea-Gulls.
• The Land of the Red Goblins
The Red Goblins used to live in the land before Wizard Mighty-One took them prisoner in the Land of Wizards.
• The Land of Wizards
Is home to several wizards and Wizard Mighty-One and the prisoner Red Goblins.
• The Land of Birthdays
Is a land you can only visit if someone has a birthday. It is land which provides party food and games for you if you
have a birthday party.This is the place where one of Bessie's birthdays is celebrated.
7
8
kidnapped
Kidnapped (novel)
Kidnapped
First American edition, New York: Scribner's Sons, 1886
Author(s)
Robert Louis Stevenson
Country
United Kingdom
Language
English, Lowland Scots
Genre(s)
Adventure novel
Historical novel
Publisher
Cassell and Company Ltd
Publication date
1886
Media type
Print (Hardback)
Pages
136
ISBN
0-486-41026-9
OCLC Number
43167976
Dewey Decimal
823/.8 21
LC Classification
PR5484 .K5 2000
Followed by
Catriona
[1]
Kidnapped is a historical fiction adventure novel by the Scottish author Robert Louis Stevenson. Written as a "boys'
novel" and first published in the magazine Young Folks from May to July 1886, the novel has attracted the praise and
admiration of writers as diverse as Henry James, Jorge Luis Borges, and Seamus Heaney. A sequel, Catriona, was
published in 1893.
As historical fiction, it is set around 18th-century Scottish events, notably the "Appin Murder", which occurred near
Ballachulish in 1752 in the aftermath of the Jacobite Rising.[2] Many of the characters, and one of the principals,
Alan Breck Stewart, were real people. The political situation of the time is portrayed from different viewpoints, and
the Scottish Highlanders are treated sympathetically.
Beginning with some of the earliest reviews of Kidnapped in 1886,[3] it has been thought the novel was structured
after the true story of James Annesley, a presumptive heir to five aristocratic titles who was kidnapped at the age of
12 by his uncle Richard and shipped from Dublin to America in 1728.[4] He managed to escape after 13 years and
Kidnapped (novel)
9
return to reclaim his birthright from his uncle in one of the longest court-room dramas of its time.[4] As Annseley
biographer Ekirch says, "It is inconceivable that Stevenson, a voracious reader of legal history, was unfamiliar with
the saga of James Annesley, which by the time of Kidnapped’s publication in 1886 had already influenced four other
19th-century novels, most famously Sir Walter Scott’s Guy Mannering (1815) and Charles Reade’s The Wandering
Heir (1873)." [3][4]
Plot summary
The full title of the book gives away major parts of the plot and creates
the false impression that the novel is autobiographical. It is Kidnapped:
Being Memoirs of the Adventures of David Balfour in the Year 1751:
How he was Kidnapped and Cast away; his Sufferings in a Desert Isle;
his Journey in the Wild Highlands; his acquaintance with Alan Breck
Stewart and other notorious Highland Jacobites; with all that he
Suffered at the hands of his Uncle, Ebenezer Balfour of Shaws, falsely
so-called: Written by Himself and now set forth by Robert Louis
Stevenson.
Sketch of the cruise of the Brig Covenant and the
probable course of David Balfour's Wanderings
The central character and narrator is a young man named David
Balfour (Balfour being Stevenson's mother's maiden name), young and naive but resourceful, whose parents have
recently died and who is out to make his way in the world. He is given a letter by the minister of Essendean, Mr.
Campbell, to be delivered to the House of Shaws in Cramond, where David's uncle, Ebenezer Balfour, lives. On his
journey, David asks many people where the House of Shaws is, and all of them speak of it darkly as a place of fear
and evil.
David arrives at the ominous House of Shaws and is confronted by his paranoid Uncle Ebenezer, armed with a
blunderbuss. His uncle is also niggardly, living on "parritch" and small ale, and indeed the House of Shaws itself is
partially unfinished and somewhat ruinous. David is allowed to stay, and soon discovers evidence that his father may
have been older than his uncle, thus making himself the rightful heir to the estate. Ebenezer asks David to get a chest
from the top of a tower in the house, but refuses to provide a lamp or candle. David is forced to scale the stairs in the
dark, and realizes that not only is the tower unfinished in some places, but that the steps simply end abruptly and fall
into the abyss. David concludes that his uncle intended for him to have an "accident" so as not to have to give over
his inheritance.
David confronts his uncle, who promises to tell David the whole story of his father the next morning. A ship's cabin
boy, Ransome, arrives the next day, and tells Ebenezer that Captain Hoseason of the brig Covenant needs to meet
him to discuss business. Ebenezer takes David to Queensferry, where Hoseason awaits, and David makes the mistake
of leaving his uncle alone with the captain while he visits the shore with Ransome. Hoseason later offers to take
them on board the brig briefly, and David complies, only to see his uncle returning to shore alone in a skiff. He is
then immediately struck senseless.
David awakens bound hand and foot in the hold of the ship. He becomes weak and sick, and one of the Covenant's
officers, Mr. Riach, convinces Hoseason to move David up to the forecastle. Mr. Shuan, a mate on the ship, finally
takes his routine abuse of Ransome too far and murders the unfortunate youth. David is repulsed at the crew's
behaviour, and learns that the Captain plans to sell him into servitude in the Carolinas.
David replaces the slain cabin boy, and the ship encounters contrary winds which drive her back toward Scotland.
Fog-bound near the Hebrides, they strike a small boat. All of its crew are killed except one man, Alan Breck
{Stewart}, who is brought on board and offers Hoseason a large sum of money to drop him off on the mainland.
David later overhears the crew plotting to kill Breck and take all his money. The two barricade themselves in the
round house, where Alan kills the murderous Shuan and David wounds Hoseason. Five of the crew are killed
Kidnapped (novel)
10
outright, and the rest refuse to continue fighting.
Alan is a Jacobite Catholic who supports the claim of the House of
Stuart to the throne of Scotland. He is initially suspicious of the
pro-Whig David, who is also loyal to King George. Still, the young
man has given a good account of himself in the fighting and impresses
the old soldier.
Hoseason has no choice but to give Alan and David passage back to
the mainland. David tells his tale of woe to Alan, and Alan explains
that the country of Appin where he is from is under the tyrannical
administration of Colin Roy of Glenure, a Campbell and English agent.
Alan vows that, should he find the "Red Fox," he will kill him.
Alexander Stoddart's 'Kidnapped' statue at
Corstorphine, Edinburgh, depicting David
Balfour and Alan Breck Stewart at their final
parting on Corstorphine Hill (unveiled 2004)
The Covenant tries to negotiate a difficult channel without a proper
chart or pilot, and is soon driven aground on the notorious Torran
Rocks. David and Alan are separated in the confusion, with David
being washed ashore on the isle of Erraid near Mull, while Alan and
the surviving crew row to safety on that same island. David spends a
few days alone in the wild before getting his bearings.
David learns that his new friend has survived, and has two encounters
with beggarly guides: one who attempts to stab him with a knife, and
another who is blind but an excellent shot with a pistol. David soon
reaches Torosay where he is ferried across the river and receives further instructions from Alan's friend Neil Roy
McRob, and later meets a Catechist who takes the lad to the mainland.
As he continues his journey, David encounters none other than the Red Fox (Colin Roy) himself, who is
accompanied by a lawyer, servant, and sheriff's officer. When David stops the Campbell man to ask him for
directions, a hidden sniper kills the hated King's agent. David is denounced as a conspirator and flees for his life, but
by chance reunites with Alan. The youth believes Breck to be the assassin, but Alan denies responsibility. The pair
flee from Redcoat search parties until they reach James (Stewart) of the Glens, whose family is burying their hidden
store of weapons and burning papers that could incriminate them. James tells the travellers that he will have no
choice but to "paper" them (distribute printed descriptions of the two with a reward listed), but provides them with
weapons and food for their journey south, and David with a change of clothes (which the printed description will not
match).
Alan and David then begin their flight through the heather, hiding from Government soldiers by day. As the two
continue their journey, David's health rapidly deteriorates, and by the time they are set upon by wild Highlanders
who serve a chief in hiding, Cluny Macpherson, he is barely conscious. Alan convinces Cluny to give them shelter.
The Highland Chieftain takes a dislike to David, but defers to the wily Breck's opinion of the lad. David is tended by
Cluny's people and soon recovers, though in the meantime Alan loses all of their money playing cards with Cluny,
only for Cluny to give it back.
As David and Alan continue their flight, David becomes progressively more ill, and he nurses anger against Breck
for several days over the loss of his money. The pair nearly come to blows, but eventually reach the house of Duncan
Dhu, who is a brilliant piper.
While staying there, Alan meets a foe of his, Robin Oig—son of Rob Roy MacGregor, who is a murderer and
renegade. Alan and Robin nearly fight a duel, but Duncan persuades them to leave the contest to bagpipes. Both play
brilliantly, but Alan admits Robin is the better piper, so the quarrel is resolved. Alan and David prepare to leave the
Highlands and return to David's country.
Kidnapped (novel)
In one of the most humorous passages in the book, Alan convinces an innkeeper's daughter from Limekilns that
David is a dying young Jacobite nobleman, in spite of David's objections, and she ferries them across the Firth of
Forth. There they meet a lawyer of David's uncle, Mr. Rankeillor, who agrees to help David receive his inheritance.
Rankeillor explains that David's father and uncle had once quarrelled over a woman, and the older Balfour had
married her, informally giving the estate to his brother while living as an impoverished school teacher with his wife.
This agreement had lapsed with his death.
David and the lawyer hide in bushes outside Ebenezer's house while Breck speaks to him, claiming to be a man who
found David nearly dead after the wreck of the Covenant and is representing folk holding him captive in the
Hebrides. He asks David's uncle whether to kill him or keep him. The uncle flatly denies Alan's statement that David
had been kidnapped, but eventually admits that he paid Hoseason "twenty pound" to take David to "Caroliny". David
and Rankeillor then emerge from their hiding places and speak with Ebenezer in the kitchen, eventually agreeing that
David will be provided two-thirds of the estate's income for as long as his wicked uncle survived.
The novel ends with David and Alan parting ways, Alan going to France, and David going to a bank to settle his
money. At one point in the book, a reference is made to David's eventually studying at the University of Leyden, a
fairly common practice for young Scottish gentry seeking a law career in the eighteenth century.
Characters
David Balfour is accused of being an accomplice in the Appin Murder, a real life murder. The characters of Alan
Breck Stewart, Colin Roy Campbell, James Stewart, Cluny Macpherson and Robin Oig Macgregor were real people.
Shaws
David Balfour: Honest 17-year-old who heads out on his own after his father dies. His mother had died earlier.
David is unaware that he is heir to an estate, the House of Shaws. Although David is a Lowland Scot, he could be
any boy anywhere embarking on a journey from youth to manhood.
Ebenezer Balfour: Devious uncle of David. Ebenezer cheated David's father out of the House of Shaws. He first tries
to murder David. When that scheme fails, he arranges to have him kidnapped and sold into slavery.
Alexander Balfour: David's father, dishinherited by his younger brother Ebenezer Balfour.
Mr. Campbell: Kind minister of Essendean who helps David at the beginning of his journey.
Jennet Clouston: Woman forced out of her home by Ebenezer Balfour.
At sea and in the Hebrides
Elias Hoseason: Captain of a ship, the Covenant. He "buys" David from Ebenezer in hopes of selling him into
slavery at a profit.
Mr. Shuan: First officer under Captain Hoseason. When he drinks, he is extremely cruel.
Mr. Riach: Second officer under Captain Hoseason.
Ransome: Abused cabin boy whom Hoseason uses to help ensnare David in the kidnap scheme.
Old Man and His Wife: Poor but generous residents of the Island of Mull who give David food, drink, and valuable
information, then allow him to rest in their hut.
Guide: Island of Mull resident who lodges David for five shillings and agrees to guide him to Torosay.
Hector Maclean: Island of Mull resident who changes a guinea into shillings so that David can pay the guide.
Duncan Mackiegh: Blind Man who guides David through part of the Island of Mull. In spite of his blindness, he
knows every rock and bush on the island. He is a dangerous man who carries a pistol and can shoot "by ear."
However, David pretends to have a pistol, too, and thereby avoids trouble with him.
11
Kidnapped (novel)
Neil Roy Macrob: Friend of Alan and skipper of a ferry that takes David from Torosay to mainland Scotland. Macrob
gives David directions on how to assemble with Stewart. Island of Mull Innkeeper: Man who befriends David and
lodges him at Torosay.
In the Highlands
Alan Breck Stewart: Daring, swashbuckling, happy-go-lucky Highland Scotsman in rebellion against the English
crown. He becomes friends with David and helps him survive when English chase him and Alan through the
wilderness. Stewart is based on a real-life Jacobite rebel of the same name. "Breck" is a nickname referring to
pockmarking on his face.
Colin Roy Campbell: Also known as the "Red Fox." Scotsman loyal to the English crown. He acts as the king's agent
in two Highland counties, Appin and Mamore. His job is to collect taxes and claim Scottish lands for the crown. He
is shot dead while talking with David. Alan is accused as the murderer and David as his accomplice. Colin is based
on a real-life Scotsman of the same name who was shot dead near Ballachulish. His case became known as the
"Appin Murder."
James of the Glen (James Stewart): Highland chieftain who lost his lands to the English crown. He is the head of the
Stewart clan, to which Alan belongs. James is based on a real-life Scotsman of the same name who was accused of
being an accomplice and aiding and abetting the murder of Colin Campbell. He was tried at Inveraray, found guilty,
and hanged near Ballachulish November 8, 1752.
Mrs. Stewart: Wife of James Stewart. She treats David kindly and says she will always remember him.
Cluny Macpherson: Another chieftain who lost his lands, chief of clan Vourich. As a Jacobite rebel, he is in exile
from English rule and lives in a hideout near Ben Alder.
Robin Oig: Son of Rob Roy MacGregor, a famous Highland outlaw.
Henderland: Evangelist who becomes friends with David in the Highlands and provides him valuable information
about the region. He is moderate and reasonable in carrying out his mission.
Edinburgh
Queensferry Innkeeper: Man who provides some information about Ebenezer Balfour's background.
Mr. Rankeillor: Lawyer who helps David settle legal matters with his uncle.
Major themes
The solid historical and environmental background, and the realism with which the physical hardship suffered by
Alan and David is described, give the novel an immediacy which perhaps explains the hold it has on some readers,
given the simple narrative line and spare plotting. Indeed, plot only takes a dominant role at the beginning and end of
the novel, while the heart of it lies in what Henry James described as the "really excellent" chapters of the flight in
the heather. Some of the Scottish dialogue may be hard going for non-Scots readers, though Stevenson himself
admitted that he had applied only a smattering so as not to tax the inner ear of non-Scots. Kidnapped also shows the
importance of friendship and loyalty, mostly between David and Alan.
12
Kidnapped (novel)
Literary significance and criticism
Kidnapped was well received and sold well while Stevenson was alive, but after his death many viewed it with
scepticism seeing it as simply a "boys' novel". By the mid-20th century, however, it had regained critical approval
and study. It presents, however, the Jacobite version of the Appin Murder, and is not historically accurate.
The sequel Catriona was written in 1893 while Stevenson was living on Samoa. Its theme is largely romantic and
much less adventurous, and has not achieved the popular appeal of Kidnapped.
Adaptations
The novel has been adapted a number of times. The Robert Louis Stevenson website maintains a complete list of
derivative works.[5]
Film versions were made in 1938, 1960, 1971, 1986, 1995, and 2005.
A comic book version was published in 2007-2008 by Marvel Illustrated by Roy Thomas and Mario Gully, who had
previously adapted Treasure Island.[6]
Edinburgh: City of Literature
As part of the events to celebrate Edinburgh being named the first UNESCO City of Literature, three versions of the
book were made freely available (including being left on buses and in other public places) throughout February
2007.[7] These three versions were:
• A new printing of the novel with notes by Professor Barry Menikoff.
• A retelling of the tale for children.
• Kidnapped, a graphic novel version, has been created by Alan Grant and Cam Kennedy. Translations of the
graphic novel were also published in Lowland Scots and Scots Gaelic
References
[1] http:/ / worldcat. org/ oclc/ 43167976
[2] Stevenson changed the date of the Appin murder from May 1752 to June 1751.
[3] "The story behind Kidnapped" (http:/ / www. spectator. co. uk/ wit-and-wisdom/ letters/ 5813468/ letters. thtml), Spectator readers respond to
recent articles, Spectator, 3 March 2010
[4] Roger Ekirch, Birthright: the true story that inspired Kidnapped. ISBN 978 0 393 06615 9
[5] Robert Louis Stevenson Derivative Works (http:/ / www. robert-louis-stevenson. org/ derivative-works)
[6] CCI: Thomas and Gully Get "Kidnapped" (http:/ / www. comicbookresources. com/ ?page=article& id=17400), Comic Book Resources, July
25, 2008
[7] Edinburgh UNESCO City of Literature: Projects (http:/ / www. cityofliterature. com/ projects. aspx?sec=6& pid=30& item=325)
External links
• Kidnapped (http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/421) at Project Gutenberg
• Film adaptions of Kidnapped (http://dinamico.unibg.it/rls/films-kidn.htm). There have been about 21 movie
and TV versions of the book made.
• Trail map (http://www.booksfromscotland.com/Settings/Kidnapped-Map), map of the trail.
• MacLachlan, Chistopher (2006). "Further Thoughts on Robert Louis Stevenson's Kidnapped" (http://www.arts.
gla.ac.uk/ScotLit/ASLS/Kidnapped.html).
• (http://www.yeoldelibrary.com/text/StevensonRL/kidnapped1/index.htm)
• Kidnapped (http://www.shmoop.com/kidnapped/) study guide, themes, quotes, literary devices, teaching
guide
• The Stevenson Way (http://www.stevensonway.org.uk) A long distance wilderness walk from Mull to
Edinburgh, based on the route in Kidnapped.
13
14
the prisoner of zenda
The Prisoner of Zenda
The Prisoner of Zenda
Cover to 2nd edition
Author(s)
Anthony Hope
Country
United Kingdom
Language
English
Genre(s)
Historical, Novel
Publisher
Penguin Classics; New Ed edition (January 1, 2000)
Publication date
1894
Media type
Print (Hardback & Paperback)
Pages
400 p. (paperback edition)
ISBN
ISBN 0-14-043755-X (paperback edition)
OCLC Number
41674245
Dewey Decimal
823/.8 21
[1]
LC Classification PR4762.P7 1999
Preceded by
The Heart of Princess Osra
Followed by
Rupert of Hentzau
The Prisoner of Zenda
15
The Prisoner of Zenda is an adventure novel by Anthony
Hope, published in 1894. The king of the fictional country
of Ruritania is drugged on the eve of his coronation and
thus unable to attend his own coronation. Political forces
are such that in order for the king to retain his crown his
coronation must go forward. An English gentleman on
holiday who fortuitously resembles the monarch, is
persuaded to act as his political decoy in an attempt to save
the situation. The villainous Rupert of Hentzau gave his
name to the sequel published in 1898, which is included in
some editions of this novel. The books were extremely
popular and inspired a new genre of Ruritanian romance,
including the Graustark novels by George Barr
McCutcheon.
Plot summary
On the eve of the coronation of King Rudolf of Ruritania,
his brother, Prince Michael, has him drugged. In a
desperate attempt not to give Michael the excuse to claim
the throne, Colonel Sapt and Fritz von Tarlenheim,
attendants of the King, persuade his identical cousin
Rudolf Rassendyll, an English visitor, to impersonate the
King at the coronation.
Frontispiece to the 1898 Macmillan Publishers edition,
illustrated by Charles Dana Gibson.
The unconscious king is abducted and imprisoned in a
castle in the small town of Zenda. There are complications, plots, and counter-plots, among them the schemes of
Michael's mistress, Antoinette de Mauban, and those of his dashing but villainous henchman Count Rupert of
Hentzau.
Rassendyll falls in love with Princess Flavia, the King's betrothed, but cannot tell her the truth. He determines to
rescue the king and leads an attempt to enter the castle of Zenda. The King is rescued and is restored to his throne,
but the lovers, in duty bound, must part forever.
Adaptations
The novel has been adapted many times, mainly for film but also stage, musical, operetta, radio, and television.
Probably the best-known version is the 1937 Hollywood movie. The dashingly villainous Rupert of Hentzau has
been played by such matinee idols as Ramón Novarro (1922), Douglas Fairbanks, Jr. (1937), and James Mason
(1952).
• The Prisoner of Zenda (1895–96), was co-written by Hope and Edward Rose. It opened as a play in New York in
1895 starring E. H. Sothern and the next year on the West End in London, starring Evelyn Millard.
• The Prisoner of Zenda (1913)—Starring James K. Hackett, Beatrice Beckley, David Torrence, Fraser Coalter,
William R. Randall and Walter Hale. Adapted by Hugh Ford and directed by Ford and Edwin S. Porter, it was
produced by Adolph Zukor and was the first production of the Famous Players Film Company.
• The Prisoner of Zenda (1915)—Starring Henry Ainley, Gerald Ames, George Bellamy, Marie Anita Bozzi, Jane
Gail, Arthur Holmes-Gore, Charles Rock and Norman Yates. It was adapted by W. Courtney Rowden and
directed by George Loane Tucker.
The Prisoner of Zenda
• The Prisoner of Zenda (1922)—Starring Ramón Novarro, Lewis Stone, Alice Terry, Robert Edeson, Stuart
Holmes, Malcolm McGregor and Barbara La Marr. It was adapted by Mary O'Hara and directed by Rex Ingram.
• Princess Flavia (1925), an operetta with the score by Sigmund Romberg.
• The Prisoner of Zenda (1937)—Starring Ronald Colman as Rassendyll and Rudolph, Madeleine Carroll as
Princess Flavia, Raymond Massey as Michael, Douglas Fairbanks Jr. as Rupert of Hentzau, C. Aubrey Smith as
Colonel Zapt and David Niven as Captain Fritz von Tarlenheim. David O. Selznick decided to produce the film,
partly as a comment on the Edward VIII abdication crisis,[2] and it was directed by John Cromwell. Of the many
film adaptations, this is considered by many to be the definitive version.[3] Leslie Halliwell puts it at #590 of all
the films ever made, saying that the "splendid schoolboy adventure story" of the late Victorian novel is "perfectly
transferred to the screen",[4] and quotes a 1971 comment by John Cutts that the film becomes more "fascinating
and beguiling" as time goes by. Halliwell's Film Guide 2008 calls it "one of the most entertaining films to come
out of Hollywood".[5]
• Colman, Smith and Fairbanks reprised their roles for a 1939 episode of Lux Radio Theatre, with Colman's wife
Benita Hume playing Princess Flavia.
• The Prisoner of Zenda (1952)—Starring Stewart Granger, Deborah Kerr, Louis Calhern, Jane Greer, Lewis Stone,
Robert Douglas, James Mason and Robert Coote. Stone, who played the lead in the 1922 version, had a minor
role in this remake. It was adapted by Edward Rose, (dramatization) Wells Root, John L. Balderston, Noel
Langley and Donald Ogden Stewart (additional dialogue, originally uncredited). It was directed by Richard
Thorpe. It is a shot-for-shot copy of the 1937 film, the only difference being that it was made in Technicolor.
Halliwell judges it "no match for the happy inspiration of the original".[5]
• The Prisoner of Zenda (1961) U.S. television adaptation (DuPont Show of the Month), starring Christopher
Plummer and Inger Stevens.
• Jhinder Bandi (ঝিন্দের বন্দী - trans. "The Prisoner of Jhind") (1961), a Bengali film directed by Tapan Sinha,
starring Uttam Kumar and Soumitra Chatterjee, based on the eponymous novel written by Sharadindu
Bandyopadhyay as an adaptation of The Prisoner of Zenda.
• Zenda (1963), a musical that closed on the road prior to a scheduled opening on Broadway. Adapted from the
1925 Princess Flavia.
• The Prisoner of Zenda (1979) — A comic version, starring Peter Sellers, Lynne Frederick, Lionel Jeffries, Elke
Sommer, Gregory Sierra, Jeremy Kemp, Catherine Schell, Simon Williams and Stuart Wilson. It was adapted by
Dick Clement and Ian La Frenais and directed by Richard Quine. In this version Sellers plays the King, his father,
and the other main character Syd Frewin, a London Hansom Cab driver, who finds himself employed as a double
to the King and eventually changes places with him permanently. This comic version is not strictly true to the
book but has been thought by many to capture its spirit very well.
• The Prisoner of Zenda (1984)—BBC adaptation starring Malcolm Sinclair.
Homages
Many subsequent fictional works that feature a political decoy can be linked to The Prisoner of Zenda; indeed, this
novel spawned the genre known as Ruritanian romance. What follows is a short list of those homages with a clear
debt to Anthony Hope's book.
• The 1902 short story "Rupert the Resembler" is one of the so-called New Burlesques, a comedy parody by Bret
Harte.
• E. Phillips Oppenheim's 1920 book The Great Impersonation (filmed in 1921, 1935 and 1942) makes use of the
look-alike plot, this time between an English aristocrat and a German spy.
• 1926's The Mad King was Burroughs' version of the Ruritanian romance set in Europe immediately before and
during World War I, his story differs from the Hope books in a number of details, though sharing much of their
16
The Prisoner of Zenda
•
•
•
•
•
•
basic plot.
Dornford Yates acknowledged Hope's influence [6] in his two novels Blood Royal (1929) and Fire Below a.k.a. By
Royal Command (1930) which were set in the Ruritania-like Principality of Riechtenburg.
The Magnificent Fraud (1939)— a Robert Florey film starring Akim Tamiroff where an American actor
impersonates the assassinated president of a South American republic.
Robert A. Heinlein adapted the Zenda plot line to his science fiction novel Double Star (1956) with great success
The 1965 comedy film The Great Race included an extended subplot that parodies Zenda, including a climactic
fencing scene between Tony Curtis and Ross Martin.
Two episodes of the spoof spy television series Get Smart, "The King Lives?" and "To *Sire With Love, Parts 1
and 2", parodied the 1937 movie version, with Don Adams affecting Ronald Colman's accent.
The 1970 novel Royal Flash by George MacDonald Fraser purports to explain the real story behind The Prisoner
of Zenda, and indeed, in an extended literary conceit, claims to be the inspiration for Hope's novel—the narrator
of the memoirs, in the framing story, tells his adventures to his lawyer, Hawkins, who can be assumed to be
Anthony Hope. Otto von Bismarck and other real people such as Lola Montez are involved in the plot. It was
adapted as a film of the same title in 1975, directed by Richard Lester, starring Malcolm McDowell as Flashman
and Oliver Reed as Bismarck.
• The Seven-Per-Cent Solution (1974) by Nicholas Meyer is a non-canonical addition to the Sherlock Holmes
stories. Holmes and Watson meet Rassendyll on a train to Vienna after he has left Ruritania.
• Doctor Who episode "The Androids of Tara" (1978) had as a working title "The Androids of Zenda" and used a
similar plot and setting. It featured Tom Baker as the Doctor and Mary Tamm in four roles: Romana and Princess
Strella, and android doubles of each. The 1980 novelisation was by Terrance Dicks, who was script-editor on the
1984 BBC serialisation of Zenda.
• The Zenda Vendetta (TimeWars Book 4) by Simon Hawke (1985) is a science fiction version, part of a series
which pits 27th century terrorists the Timekeepers against the Time Commandos of the US Army Temporal
Corps. The Timekeepers kill Rassendyll so that the Time Commando Finn Delaney is sent back to impersonate
the impersonator, both to ensure that history follows its true path and to defeat the terrorists. In the finale the Time
Commandos assault Zenda Castle with lasers and atomic grenades, both to rescue the king and to destroy the
Timekeepers base.
• Moon over Parador (1988), adapted by Leon Capetanos and directed by Paul Mazursky. More directly a remake
of The Magnificent Fraud, the story is set in Latin America with Richard Dreyfus as the President and as the actor
Jack Noah, Raúl Juliá as Roberto Strausmann (the "Black Michael" character), and Sonia Braga as Madonna
Mendez (the Flavia character). It is a romantic comedy.
• The 1992 Adventures in Odyssey episode "An Act of Nobility [7]" is a whole plot reference to The Prisoner of
Zenda.[8]
• Dave, a 1993 film version adapted by Gary Ross and directed by Ivan Reitman that places the story in
contemporary Washington, D.C., with Kevin Kline as the President and as his double, Frank Langella in the
"Black Michael" role, and Sigourney Weaver as the modern American Flavia. Like Moon Over Parador, it is a
romantic comedy.
• John Spurling's novel After Zenda (1995) is a tongue-in-cheek modern adventure in which Karl, the secret
great-grandson of Rudolf Rassendyll and Queen Flavia, goes to post-Communist Ruritania, where he gets mixed
up with various rebels and religious sects before ending up as constitutional monarch.
• The Prisoner of Zenda, Inc., a 1996 made-for-television version, is set in the contemporary United States and
revolves around a high school boy who is the heir to a large corporation. The writer, Rodman Gregg, was inspired
by the 1937 film version. It stars Jonathan Jackson, Richard Lee Jackson, William Shatner, Don S. Davis, Jay
Brazeau and Katharine Isabelle.
• De speelgoedzaaier, a Spike and Suzy comic by Willy Vandersteen, is loosely based on The Prisoner of Zenda.
17
The Prisoner of Zenda
• Pale Fire, a 1962 novel by Vladimir Nabokov, includes Ruritanian elements in the (supposed?) life and events of
the exiled king of "Zembla"
• Sherlock Holmes and the Hentzau Affair, a 2007 novel by David Stuart Davies, is a sequel that incorporates
Sherlock Holmes into the plot.
• In "The Prisoner of Benda", an episode of the animated TV series Futurama, Bender impersonates (or rather,
switches bodies with) the Emperor of Robo-Hungary as part of a scheme to steal the crown jewels.
Legacy
In a popular, but very questionable account, a German circus acrobat named Otto Witte claimed he had been briefly
mistaken for the new King of Albania at the time of that country's separation from the Ottoman Empire, and that he
was crowned and reigned a few days. However, the date of this claim (1913), and the lack of any evidence to back it
up, suggests that Witte made up his story after seeing the first film version of the novel.
Author Salman Rushdie cited The Prisoner of Zenda in the epigraph to Haroun and the Sea of Stories, the novel he
wrote while living in hiding in the late 1980s.
References
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
http:/ / worldcat. org/ oclc/ 41674245
The Brits in Hollywood Sheridan Morley, Robson Books 2006, p. 161, ISBN 978-1861058072
VideoHound's Golden Movie Retriever 2008, Visible Ink Press ISBN 978-0787689810
Halliwell's Top 1000, John Walker, HarperCollins Entertainment ISBN 978-0007260805
Halliwell's Film Guide 2008, David Gritten, HarperCollins Entertainment ISBN 978-0007260805
B-Berry and I Look Back, Dornford Yates, Ward Lock 1958, p. 148
http:/ / www. aiowiki. com/ wiki/ An_Act_of_Nobility
http:/ / tvtropes. org/ pmwiki/ pmwiki. php/ Main/ ThePrisonerOfZenda
External links
• The Prisoner of Zenda (http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/95) at Project Gutenberg
• Rupert of Hentzau (http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/1145) at Project Gutenberg
• Review of The Prisoner of Zenda (http://www.tor.com/blogs/2010/09/
ridiculously-honourable-anthony-hopes-the-prisoner-of-zenda) by Jo Walton
• The Ruritanian Resistance (http://www.silverwhistle.co.uk/ruritania/) - comprehensive fan site
18
Article Sources and Contributors
Article Sources and Contributors
Skulduggery Pleasant Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=487913009 Contributors: 08vO'Dwyers, 1dragon, A930913, ATMarsden, AlphaPhoenixDown, Ashishere13, Bearcat,
Beligaronia, Betty Logan, Bluecyborg, Boxing245, Brewcrewer, Buburner, CIreland, CalumH93, Capricorn42, Carribean101, CatPower11, Ceillie, Chaosandwalls, Cooltiger989, Cureden,
D99figge, David Gerard, DreamHaze, EamonnPKeane, Fallen Wings, Fotj, Funkysapien, Goinginsquares, GroovyandPears, Gscshoyru, Harry Blue5, Hiiamawesome, HorburyBS,
INSPeRATiiON, Illustrious One, J.delanoy, Jackbarrile, Jackwilkopedz, Jpjacobs.00, Jupiter Optimus Maximus, K kisses, Kevinalewis, KittyRainbow, Malcolmxl5, Mark Sheridan, Martin451,
Mephistophelian, Mipe, Mirokado, Monkeyman1239, Mxvxnyxvxn, Nasnor116, Nobleday, Nyttend, Ohnoitsjamie, Oilstein, Peridon, Philosopher, PigFlu Oink, Printer222, Quinnpin, RaseaC,
Razzman227, Robina Fox, Ronaldo748, Sadads, Sean gorter, Shawn in Montreal, Shayzir, Shnupbups, Skier Dude, Skulduggery3, Snigbrook, Snowolf, Spidey104, SpikeToronto, Srossd, Strdst
grl, THEN WHO WAS PHONE?, The dark lord trombonator, Thedukie7, Thekillercupcake, Tide rolls, Tommy2010, TrebleSeven, Uncle Milty, Vgranucci, Wai-jing, Wasbeer, Wayne Slam,
West.andrew.g, WikiPuppies, Wikipelli, Winterwater, 285 anonymous edits
The Enchanted Wood (novel) Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=485805147 Contributors: Chris857, Closedmouth, Dondegroovily, Everyking, GrahamHardy, Hoopla2,
Kevinalewis, Ladywitchthought, Levineps, LilHelpa, Michaelm 22, NineBerry, Otisjimmy1, Pegship, Robina Fox, SandyDancer, Scottdelaney1067, The Anome, The Wednesday Island,
Tinkleheimer, YeshuaDavid, 21 anonymous edits
Kidnapped (novel) Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=487643728 Contributors: Ancalagon, Avant Guard, B00P, Bduke, Ben MacDui, Boleslaw, Bolman Deal, Ceartas,
Clicketyclack, Costesseyboy, Count de Ville, Crablogger, Crackerbelly, Cybercobra, Dawkeye, Deor, Dimension31, Dmeyferth21, Dpswmphan92, Emperor, Emperorblargus, Emurphy42,
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HopefullGomer, Hysteria18, Iridescent, ItsZippy, J.delanoy, JasonAQuest, Jennavecia, John, Juliancolton, Kauchigan14, Kellifersue, Kevinalewis, Kim Traynor, Kimpire, Kosebamse,
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VictorianMutant, VolatileChemical, WCCasey, Woolsack, 183 anonymous edits
The Prisoner of Zenda Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=480559256 Contributors: 7thsage, Abberley2, AlbertSM, Amerenbach, Azucar, Ben-Zin, Bollinger, BrainyBabe,
Cartoonmoney, Chanheigeorge, Charles Matthews, Clarityfiend, Colonies Chris, Conphucius, Counter-revolutionary, Crablogger, DERoss, Dabbler, Dangermatt29, Danny B. (usurped), David
Gerard, Deb, Deor, Dino, Discospinster, Dmac1965, Docu, Dr.frog, FlaviaR, Foofbun, Frankenpuppy, FrenchIsAwesome, Gachet, Gfoley4, Goldfritha, Gordonjcp, Gregok, GregorB, Handpies,
Harryboyles, Hu, J S Ayer, Jack1956, Jay-W, JerryFriedman, Jezzabr, Jihg, Jkelly, John, Johnlp, JustIgnoreMe, Jwillbur, Kchishol1970, Kevinalewis, Khaosworks, Koyaanis Qatsi, Lockley, Lord
Cornwallis, LouI, Lugnuts, Magda, Mario777Zelda, Match, MattieTK, MegX, MileyDavidA, Mr Stephen, MrArt, MrsPlum, Nareek, Nihil novi, Noirish, Onef9day, Orbicle, Oxymoron83, PKM,
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Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors
Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors
File:Flag of Ireland.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Ireland.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: User:SKopp
Image:RLS Kidnapped 1886 US.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:RLS_Kidnapped_1886_US.jpg License: Public Domain Contributors: Robert Louis Stevenson
File:Kidnapped (sketch).jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Kidnapped_(sketch).jpg License: Public Domain Contributors: Ancalagon
File:RLS 'Kidnapped' statue.JPG Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:RLS_'Kidnapped'_statue.JPG License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Contributors: Kim Traynor
File:Hope Prisoner of Zenda cover.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Hope_Prisoner_of_Zenda_cover.jpg License: Public Domain Contributors: Anthony Hope
File:Zenda1 Gibson.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Zenda1_Gibson.jpg License: Public Domain Contributors: Charles Dana Gibson
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License
License
Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported
//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
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