Personalizing the Conflict - Anti
Transcription
Personalizing the Conflict - Anti
Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media ROBERT G. SUGARMAN, National Chair ROBERT S. SUGARMAN, National Chair ABRAHAM H. FOXMAN, National Director ABRAHAM H. FOXMAN, National Director KENNETH JACOBSON, Deputy National Director KENNETH JACOBSON, Deputy National Director MICHAEL SALBERG, Associate National Director Director, International Affairs MICHAEL SALBERG, Associate National Director Director, International Affairs DAVID MILLSTONE, Chair, International Affairs DAVID MILLSTONE, Chair, International Affairs JAY RUDERMAN, Vice-Chair, International Affairs JAY RUDERMAN, Vice-Chair, International Affairs SUSAN HELLER PINTO, Director Middle Eastern Affairs and International Analysis SUSAN HELLER PINTO, Director Middle Eastern Affairs and International Analysis JUDITH SABBA, Analyst Middle Eastern Affairs and International Analysis JUDITH SABBA, Analyst Middle Eastern Affairs and International Analysis CAROLE NURIEL Senior Middle Eastern Affairs Analyst CAROLE NURIEL Senior Middle Eastern Affairs Analyst ARI BELL Middle Eastern Affairs Analyst ARI BELL Middle Eastern Affairs Analyst Copies of this publication are in the Rita and Leo Greenland Human Relations Library And Research Center Copies of this publication are in the Rita and Leo Greenland Human Relations Library And Research Center ©2010 Anti-Defamation League Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved ©2010 Anti-Defamation League Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved Web site: www.adl.org Web site: www.adl.org Index Index Introduction 4 Introduction 4 Ehud Barak (July 1999-March 2001) 5 Ehud Barak (July 1999-March 2001) 5 Ariel Sharon (March 2001-April 2006) 12 Ariel Sharon (March 2001-April 2006) 12 Ehud Olmert (April 2006-March 2009) 82 Ehud Olmert (April 2006-March 2009) 82 Binyamin Netanyahu (March 2009-Currently) 107 Binyamin Netanyahu (March 2009-Currently) 107 Select List of Arab Media Outlets 124 Select List of Arab Media Outlets 124 3 3 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION Over the past decade the four Israeli Prime Ministers in office have been depicted in a Over the past decade the four Israeli Prime Ministers in office have been depicted in a demonizing and offensive manner across the Arab world. These cartoons are a visually demonizing and offensive manner across the Arab world. These cartoons are a visually powerful medium which has shaped Arab perceptions of Ehud Barak, Ariel Sharon, Ehud powerful medium which has shaped Arab perceptions of Ehud Barak, Ariel Sharon, Ehud Olmert and Benjamin Netanyahu. Olmert and Benjamin Netanyahu. In the Arab world the press is often owned and controlled by the government and, In the Arab world the press is often owned and controlled by the government and, even in cases where newspapers claim to be independent, the content must be approved even in cases where newspapers claim to be independent, the content must be approved and edited by the governments. and edited by the governments. This report includes a sample of cartoons depicting Israeli Prime Ministers between This report includes a sample of cartoons depicting Israeli Prime Ministers between the years 2000-2010. These cartoons express extreme anti-Israeli and often purely anti- the years 2000-2010. These cartoons express extreme anti-Israeli and often purely anti- Semitic sentiment, questioning Israel’s right to exist as a Jewish state and often mocking its Semitic sentiment, questioning Israel’s right to exist as a Jewish state and often mocking its commitment to democratic values. The hateful way Israeli Prime Ministers are depicted commitment to democratic values. The hateful way Israeli Prime Ministers are depicted incites people not only against the Israeli leadership but against the Israeli people and Jews, incites people not only against the Israeli leadership but against the Israeli people and Jews, in general. Common themes include depicting leaders as Nazis, blood-thirty butchers, devils in general. Common themes include depicting leaders as Nazis, blood-thirty butchers, devils and animals such as dogs, worms and serpents. and animals such as dogs, worms and serpents. All material in this compilation was translated by ADL from the original Arabic. All material in this compilation was translated by ADL from the original Arabic. On the cover: (from top to bottom) Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, November 23, 2000 (United Kingdom) In Arabic: “The Killing Fields.”; Al-Hayat al-Jadida, April 22, 2003 (Palestinian Authority); Al-Khabar, March 4, 2008 (Algeria) Headline: "The New Nazism"; Al-Watan, April 9, 2009 (Qatar) On the cover: (from top to bottom) Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, November 23, 2000 (United Kingdom) In Arabic: “The Killing Fields.”; Al-Hayat al-Jadida, April 22, 2003 (Palestinian Authority); Al-Khabar, March 4, 2008 (Algeria) Headline: "The New Nazism"; Al-Watan, April 9, 2009 (Qatar) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 4 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 4 Ehud Barak Ehud Barak (July 1999 – March 2001) (July 1999 – March 2001) Ehud Barak led Israel’s withdrawal from Southern Lebanon in May 2000, ending 18 Ehud Barak led Israel’s withdrawal from Southern Lebanon in May 2000, ending 18 years of Israeli presence there, and was deeply engaged in two rounds of unsuccessful years of Israeli presence there, and was deeply engaged in two rounds of unsuccessful peace talks, in both Shepherdstown and in Camp David. Following the July 2000 Camp peace talks, in both Shepherdstown and in Camp David. Following the July 2000 Camp David negotiations, which collapsed after Arafat walked away from Barak’s proposal, the David negotiations, which collapsed after Arafat walked away from Barak’s proposal, the Second Intifada broke out. Second Intifada broke out. Here are some of the main characteristics shown in the cartoons depicting Barak: Here are some of the main characteristics shown in the cartoons depicting Barak: • As being an obstacle to peace, sometimes strangling or killing the peace dove; • As being an obstacle to peace, sometimes strangling or killing the peace dove; • As a bloodthirsty killer, surrounded by skulls, or killing Palestinians; • As a bloodthirsty killer, surrounded by skulls, or killing Palestinians; • As a Nazi or as a war criminal, compared both to Hitler and to Milošević; • As a Nazi or as a war criminal, compared both to Hitler and to Milošević; • As having unquestioned U.S. support. • As having unquestioned U.S. support. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 5 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 5 Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, December 20, 2000 (United Kingdom) Four Israeli leaders are running with knives toward a young Palestinian boy. Running in the front: Barak and Sharon; behind them: Netanyahu and Peres. Written at the bottom: "The Race…" Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, December 20, 2000 (United Kingdom) Four Israeli leaders are running with knives toward a young Palestinian boy. Running in the front: Barak and Sharon; behind them: Netanyahu and Peres. Written at the bottom: "The Race…" Al-Ahram, December 7, 2000 (Egypt) Al-Ahram, December 7, 2000 (Egypt) Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, November 23, 2000 (United Kingdom) In Arabic: “The Killing Fields.” Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, November 23, 2000 (United Kingdom) In Arabic: “The Killing Fields.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 6 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 6 Al-Ahram, November 20, 2000 (Egypt) In Arabic: “Barak’s Hand Extended in Peace.” Al-Ahram, November 20, 2000 (Egypt) In Arabic: “Barak’s Hand Extended in Peace.” Al-Ahram, November 16, 2000 (Egypt) In Arabic: “No Comment.” Al-Ahram, November 16, 2000 (Egypt) In Arabic: “No Comment.” Al-Ahram, November 13, 2000 (Egypt) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media Al-Ahram, November 13, 2000 (Egypt) 7 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 7 Al-Ahram, November 11, 2000 (Egypt) In Arabic: “No comment.” Al-Ahram, November 11, 2000 (Egypt) In Arabic: “No comment.” Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, October 24, 2000 (United Kingdom) Barak, holding a knife representing a “National Unity Government”, is saying to Sharon: “Help me.” Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, October 24, 2000 (United Kingdom) Barak, holding a knife representing a “National Unity Government”, is saying to Sharon: “Help me.” Al-Ahram weekly, October 12-18, 2000 (Egypt) In Arabic: “No comment.” Al-Ahram weekly, October 12-18, 2000 (Egypt) In Arabic: “No comment.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 8 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 8 Al-Ahram, October 12, 2000 (Egypt) Al-Ahram, October 12, 2000 (Egypt) Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, October 8, 2000 (United Kingdom) Written on Barak’s rear end: “World Opinion.” Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, October 8, 2000 (United Kingdom) Written on Barak’s rear end: “World Opinion.” Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, October 6, 2000 (United Kingdom) The cartoon is creating a parallel between an infamously oppressive ruler, Slobodan Milošević in Yugoslavia (on the right) and the Arab world’s oppressor, Ehud Barak in the West Bank and Gaza (on the left). Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, October 6, 2000 (United Kingdom) The cartoon is creating a parallel between an infamously oppressive ruler, Slobodan Milošević in Yugoslavia (on the right) and the Arab world’s oppressor, Ehud Barak in the West Bank and Gaza (on the left). Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 9 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 9 Al-Ahram weekly, May 11-17, 2000 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, May 11-17, 2000 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, February 17-23, 2000 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, February 17-23, 2000 (Egypt) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 10 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 10 Al-Ahram, February 20, 2000 (Egypt) Barak’s medals of honor: left: “Striking Civilians in Lebanon”; center: “Assassinating the Resistance’s Leaders;” right: “Suppressing the Intifada.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media Al-Ahram, February 20, 2000 (Egypt) Barak’s medals of honor: left: “Striking Civilians in Lebanon”; center: “Assassinating the Resistance’s Leaders;” right: “Suppressing the Intifada.” 11 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 11 Ariel Sharon Ariel Sharon (March 2001-April 2006) (March 2001-April 2006) Ariel Sharon’s first term of office was remembered mainly for a campaign of terror Ariel Sharon’s first term of office was remembered mainly for a campaign of terror attacks on Israeli civilians which led to the IDF Defensive Shield operation in the Jenin attacks on Israeli civilians which led to the IDF Defensive Shield operation in the Jenin refugee camp, in March 2002. In response to the renewed terror attacks Israel decided to refugee camp, in March 2002. In response to the renewed terror attacks Israel decided to build a separation barrier between the West Bank and Israel. Israel carried out defensive build a separation barrier between the West Bank and Israel. Israel carried out defensive killings, against Palestinian leaders that were involved in planning terrorist attacks, including, killings, against Palestinian leaders that were involved in planning terrorist attacks, including, Hamas leaders Sheikh Ahmad Yasin and Abd al-‘Aziz ar-Rantisi. Hamas leaders Sheikh Ahmad Yasin and Abd al-‘Aziz ar-Rantisi. In November 2004, Palestinian leader and PLO President, Yasser Arafat died in Paris In November 2004, Palestinian leader and PLO President, Yasser Arafat died in Paris leading to conspiracy theories claiming that Israel was responsible for his death. leading to conspiracy theories claiming that Israel was responsible for his death. In January 2006 Sharon suffered a major stroke that left him in a coma. In January 2006 Sharon suffered a major stroke that left him in a coma. It is clear from the quantity and nature of the cartoons, that Sharon was the most despised It is clear from the quantity and nature of the cartoons, that Sharon was the most despised Israeli Prime Minister of all. The Arab world held him responsible for the Sabra and Shatila Israeli Prime Minister of all. The Arab world held him responsible for the Sabra and Shatila massacre in 1982, and since that time he has received “special attention” from Arab massacre in 1982, and since that time he has received “special attention” from Arab cartoonists, who portrayed him as a bloodthirsty killer with bloody hands, eating Palestinian cartoonists, who portrayed him as a bloodthirsty killer with bloody hands, eating Palestinian children, drinking their blood and butchering them. He is portrayed as a devil and a vampire, children, drinking their blood and butchering them. He is portrayed as a devil and a vampire, a frowning dog and other demonic animals. Additionally, there are themes of portraying a frowning dog and other demonic animals. Additionally, there are themes of portraying Sharon as Goliath and Arafat as David and of comparing Sharon to Hitler, or showing him as Sharon as Goliath and Arafat as David and of comparing Sharon to Hitler, or showing him as Hitler's mentor. Hitler's mentor. In the political and diplomatic context, Sharon is characterized as controlling US policy and In the political and diplomatic context, Sharon is characterized as controlling US policy and as responsible for the war in Iraq. as responsible for the war in Iraq. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 12 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 12 Al-Watan, January 18, 2006 (Qatar) Headline: "Sharon opened his eyes for the first time since he had the stroke." Al-Watan, January 18, 2006 (Qatar) Headline: "Sharon opened his eyes for the first time since he had the stroke." Ar-Raya, January 17, 2006 (Qatar) Headline: "Sharon is reacting to the smell of grilled (meat)." Ar-Raya, January 17, 2006 (Qatar) Headline: "Sharon is reacting to the smell of grilled (meat)." Al-Watan, January 9, 2006 (Qatar) Headline: "Sharon's Brain." Al-Watan, January 9, 2006 (Qatar) Headline: "Sharon's Brain." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 13 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 13 Akhbar al-Khalij, January 6, 2006 (Bahrain) The Doctor is saying to Sharon: "Don’t be afraid, your heart is a stone." Akhbar al-Khalij, January 6, 2006 (Bahrain) The Doctor is saying to Sharon: "Don’t be afraid, your heart is a stone." Ad-Diyar, January 8, 2006 (Lebanon) The cartoon's headline: "Sharon is in coma due to a blood clot." On the left, the world is saying: "Not a blood clot, (but) a bloody history." Ad-Diyar, January 8, 2006 (Lebanon) The cartoon's headline: "Sharon is in coma due to a blood clot." On the left, the world is saying: "Not a blood clot, (but) a bloody history." Al-Watan, December 21, 2005 (Qatar) Al-Watan, December 21, 2005 (Qatar) Al-Yawm, December 4, 2005 (Saudi Arabia) Al-Yawm, December 4, 2005 (Saudi Arabia) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 14 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 14 Al-Yawm, November 29, 2005 (Saudi Arabia) In Arabic: "Cease-fire." Al-Yawm, November 29, 2005 (Saudi Arabia) In Arabic: "Cease-fire." Al-Yawm, November 9, 2005 (Saudi Arabia) Al-Yawm, November 9, 2005 (Saudi Arabia) Al-Watan, October 18, 2005 (Qatar) Al-Watan, October 18, 2005 (Qatar) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 15 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 15 Ad-Dustur, September 29, 2005 (Jordan) Headline: "Sharon is Winning the Voting." Sharon is spilling the "Palestinian blood." Ad-Dustur, September 29, 2005 (Jordan) Headline: "Sharon is Winning the Voting." Sharon is spilling the "Palestinian blood." Ar-Riyadh, September 28, 2005 (Saudi Arabia) Sharon is going out of "Gaza." Ar-Riyadh, September 28, 2005 (Saudi Arabia) Sharon is going out of "Gaza." Ad-Dustur, May 14, 2005 (Jordan) Headline: "The American compass!"; on the needle: “Syria.” Ad-Dustur, May 14, 2005 (Jordan) Headline: "The American compass!"; on the needle: “Syria.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 16 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 16 Al-Watan, February 10, 2005 (Qatar) On the sign: “Sharem ash-Sheikh.” Al-Watan, February 10, 2005 (Qatar) On the sign: “Sharem ash-Sheikh.” Ar-Riyadh, November 28, 2004 (Saudi Arabia) Headline: “Half of the Truth.” On the screen: “The Western Media.” Ar-Riyadh, November 28, 2004 (Saudi Arabia) Headline: “Half of the Truth.” On the screen: “The Western Media.” Akhbar al-Khalij, November 6, 2004 (Bahrain) Bush is painting the globe with "Palestinian blood" (given to him by Sharon), saying: "I thank the American people because they gave me a second chance to continue my work". Akhbar al-Khalij, November 6, 2004 (Bahrain) Bush is painting the globe with "Palestinian blood" (given to him by Sharon), saying: "I thank the American people because they gave me a second chance to continue my work". Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 17 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 17 Al-Hayat al-Jadida, October 27, 2004 (Palestinian Authority) Sharon is holding "Gaza's disengagement plan," while strangling a man representing "Khan Yunis." Al-Hayat al-Jadida, October 27, 2004 (Palestinian Authority) Sharon is holding "Gaza's disengagement plan," while strangling a man representing "Khan Yunis." Ad-Dustur, October 12, 2004 (Jordan) Sharon is wearing military uniform decorated with the images of Bush and Kerry. Ad-Dustur, October 12, 2004 (Jordan) Sharon is wearing military uniform decorated with the images of Bush and Kerry. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 18 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 18 Ar-Riyadh, October 8, 2004 (Saudi Arabia) Headline: "Days of Penitence Operation". Sharon is portrayed as a bull running towards the "Gaza Strip." Ar-Riyadh, October 8, 2004 (Saudi Arabia) Headline: "Days of Penitence Operation". Sharon is portrayed as a bull running towards the "Gaza Strip." Al-Gumhuriyya, October 6, 2004 (Egypt) Sharon depicted as a Nazi soldier is looking at a sign saying "October 6". The soldier behind him is saying: "We will bring a resolution to the Security Council in order to cancel this day's results..." Al-Gumhuriyya, October 6, 2004 (Egypt) Sharon depicted as a Nazi soldier is looking at a sign saying "October 6". The soldier behind him is saying: "We will bring a resolution to the Security Council in order to cancel this day's results..." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 19 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 19 Al-Gumhuriyya, October 4, 2004 (Egypt) On the right: "Sharon;" on the left: "Hitler." Al-Gumhuriyya, October 4, 2004 (Egypt) On the right: "Sharon;" on the left: "Hitler." Ar-Rai, October 4, 2004 (Jordan) Hitler is saluting Sharon, saying to him: "Sir!" Ar-Rai, October 4, 2004 (Jordan) Hitler is saluting Sharon, saying to him: "Sir!" Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 20 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 20 Ad-Dustur, October 1, 2004 (Jordan) Bush is writing "the American foreign policy" through the "people's blood." Ad-Dustur, October 1, 2004 (Jordan) Bush is writing "the American foreign policy" through the "people's blood." Al-Watan, September 13, 2004 (Qatar) In Arabic: "Sharon is warning the extreme right of a civil war." Al-Watan, September 13, 2004 (Qatar) In Arabic: "Sharon is warning the extreme right of a civil war." Arab News, August 9, 2004 (Saudi Arabia) Arab News, August 9, 2004 (Saudi Arabia) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 21 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 21 Al-Hayat al-Jadida, July 21, 2004 (Palestinian Authority) In Arabic: "The isolation fence". Al-Hayat al-Jadida, July 21, 2004 (Palestinian Authority) In Arabic: "The isolation fence". Ad-Dustur, July 20, 2004 (Jordan) “The Palestinian citizen” (caption on the shirt of the man in the middle) is standing between the Israeli blood (Sharon) and the (Palestinian) “corruption” (caption on the right person’s shirt). Ad-Dustur, July 20, 2004 (Jordan) “The Palestinian citizen” (caption on the shirt of the man in the middle) is standing between the Israeli blood (Sharon) and the (Palestinian) “corruption” (caption on the right person’s shirt). Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 22 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 22 Akhbar al-Khalij, July 16, 2004 (Bahrain) In Arabic: "Dimona factories." Akhbar al-Khalij, July 16, 2004 (Bahrain) In Arabic: "Dimona factories." Al-Watan, July 12, 2004 (Qatar) In Arabic: "Lahai." Al-Watan, July 12, 2004 (Qatar) In Arabic: "Lahai." Arab News, July 8, 2004 (Saudi Arabia) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media Arab News, July 8, 2004 (Saudi Arabia) 23 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 23 Al-Ahram weekly, June 10-16, 2004 (Egypt) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 24 Al-Ahram weekly, June 10-16, 2004 (Egypt) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 24 Al-Wafd, May 26, 2004 (Egypt) Bush and Blair are pointing at "The Arab Summit" and laughing. Al-Wafd, May 26, 2004 (Egypt) Bush and Blair are pointing at "The Arab Summit" and laughing. Al-Ahram, May 12, 2004 (Egypt) Al-Ahram, May 12, 2004 (Egypt) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 25 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 25 Al-Hayat al-Jadida, May 4, 2004 (Palestinian Authority) A Jew\Israeli is lighting the fire (Sharon), on which a pot full of water is boiling an Arab. Al-Hayat al-Jadida, May 4, 2004 (Palestinian Authority) A Jew\Israeli is lighting the fire (Sharon), on which a pot full of water is boiling an Arab. Al-Wafd, April 26, 2004 (Egypt) Bush is saying to a man representing the “Palestinian People,” while Sharon is slitting his throat: "I am asking you to control yourself." Al-Wafd, April 26, 2004 (Egypt) Bush is saying to a man representing the “Palestinian People,” while Sharon is slitting his throat: "I am asking you to control yourself." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 26 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 26 Al-Ahram, April 26, 2004 (Egypt) Headline: "The Peace Butchery the owner: the murderer and the shedder of blood, Sharon and co." Al-Ahram, April 26, 2004 (Egypt) Headline: "The Peace Butchery the owner: the murderer and the shedder of blood, Sharon and co." Al-Watan, April 26, 2004 (Qatar) On the right - "Bush." Al-Watan, April 26, 2004 (Qatar) On the right - "Bush." Al-Ittihad, April 23, 2004 (United Arab Emirates) Hitler (on the right) is saying to Sharon (with Nazi uniform decorated with the Star of David): "Hi Hitler!" (instead of Heil Hitler!) Al-Ittihad, April 23, 2004 (United Arab Emirates) Hitler (on the right) is saying to Sharon (with Nazi uniform decorated with the Star of David): "Hi Hitler!" (instead of Heil Hitler!) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 27 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 27 Akhbar al-Khalij, April 23, 2004 (Bahrain) On the right - Bush; on the left Sharon. Akhbar al-Khalij, April 23, 2004 (Bahrain) On the right - Bush; on the left Sharon. Al-Ahram weekly, April 22-28, 2004 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, April 22-28, 2004 (Egypt) Al-Watan, April 21, 2004 (Qatar) Al-Watan, April 21, 2004 (Qatar) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 28 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 28 Al-Wafd, April 20, 2004 (Egypt) Bush in Sharon's pocket. Headline: "Five billion dollars of American aid to Israel." Al-Wafd, April 20, 2004 (Egypt) Bush in Sharon's pocket. Headline: "Five billion dollars of American aid to Israel." Al-Watan, April 20, 2004 (Qatar) The word in Arabic: "Peace." Al-Watan, April 20, 2004 (Qatar) The word in Arabic: "Peace." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 29 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 29 Ar-Riyadh, April 17, 2004 (Saudi Arabia) Sharon as a devil consulting Bush. Ar-Riyadh, April 17, 2004 (Saudi Arabia) Sharon as a devil consulting Bush. Ar-Rai, April 10, 2004 (Jordan) Sharon is holding Bush while spilling oil into Iraq. Ar-Rai, April 10, 2004 (Jordan) Sharon is holding Bush while spilling oil into Iraq. Akhbar al-Khalij, April 9, 2004 (Bahrain) Sharon is looking at "the next goal." Akhbar al-Khalij, April 9, 2004 (Bahrain) Sharon is looking at "the next goal." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 30 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 30 Ar-Rai, April 8, 2004 (Jordan) Sharon and Bush are dipping into Palestinian and Iraqi blood (respectively). Sharon is drinking "to the life (freedom) of Iraq, and Bush is drinking "to the life (democracy) of Israel." Ar-Rai, April 8, 2004 (Jordan) Sharon and Bush are dipping into Palestinian and Iraqi blood (respectively). Sharon is drinking "to the life (freedom) of Iraq, and Bush is drinking "to the life (democracy) of Israel." Al-Watan, April 6, 2004 (Saudi Arabia) Sharon is holding a book: "How to lengthen a dinosaur's life?" Al-Watan, April 6, 2004 (Saudi Arabia) Sharon is holding a book: "How to lengthen a dinosaur's life?" Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 31 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 31 Al-Wafd, April 6, 2004 (Egypt) In Arabic: "The veto." Al-Wafd, April 6, 2004 (Egypt) In Arabic: "The veto." Ar-Rai, April 4, 2004 (Jordan) The expression in Arabic should be "the big Middle East," but as a word game it is written instead of "East" the word "bad," referring to Sharon. Ar-Rai, April 4, 2004 (Jordan) The expression in Arabic should be "the big Middle East," but as a word game it is written instead of "East" the word "bad," referring to Sharon. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 32 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 32 Al-Wafd, March 30, 2004 (Egypt) The cartoon's headline: "No comment." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 33 Al-Wafd, March 30, 2004 (Egypt) The cartoon's headline: "No comment." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 33 Al-Wafd, March 27, 2004 (Egypt) Al-Wafd, March 27, 2004 (Egypt) Al-Wafd, March 27, 2004 (Egypt) Headline: “No Comment.” Al-Wafd, March 27, 2004 (Egypt) Headline: “No Comment.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 34 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 34 Ar-Riyadh, March 25, 2004 (Saudi Arabia) On the dog: “Sharon.” Ar-Riyadh, March 25, 2004 (Saudi Arabia) On the dog: “Sharon.” Ar-Riyadh, March 24, 2004 (Saudi Arabia) In Arabic: "Washington is calling out to the Palestinians for self-control." Ar-Riyadh, March 24, 2004 (Saudi Arabia) In Arabic: "Washington is calling out to the Palestinians for self-control." Ar-Rai, March 24, 2004 (Jordan) While sitting on a glass full of "Palestinian blood," from which Sharon is drinking, Bush is saying: "From this platform, I would like to call for self-control." Ar-Rai, March 24, 2004 (Jordan) While sitting on a glass full of "Palestinian blood," from which Sharon is drinking, Bush is saying: "From this platform, I would like to call for self-control." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 35 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 35 Ar-Rai, March 23, 2004 (Jordan) Ar-Rai, March 23, 2004 (Jordan) Al-Wafd, March 23, 2004 (Egypt) Headline: "The Assassination of Sheikh Ahmad Yasin." Sharon is standing on the "Palestinian resistance," saying: "At last I am satisfied." Al-Wafd, March 23, 2004 (Egypt) Headline: "The Assassination of Sheikh Ahmad Yasin." Sharon is standing on the "Palestinian resistance," saying: "At last I am satisfied." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 36 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 36 Ad-Dustur, March 18, 2004 (Jordan) The New Passions that Sharon is crucifying are Palestine and Iraq, while Bush is reading a document about the big Middle East. Ad-Dustur, March 18, 2004 (Jordan) The New Passions that Sharon is crucifying are Palestine and Iraq, while Bush is reading a document about the big Middle East. Al-Ittihad, March 18, 2004 (United Arab Emirates) In Arabic: "The defense wall." Al-Ittihad, March 18, 2004 (United Arab Emirates) In Arabic: "The defense wall." Al-Watan, February 1, 2004 (Qatar) Headline: "The Real Terror." The USA is holding Sharon. . Al-Watan, February 1, 2004 (Qatar) Headline: "The Real Terror." The USA is holding Sharon. . Al-Watan, January 27, 2004 (Qatar) On the signs: Ramallah, Jenin, Nablus and Beit Lechem. Al-Watan, January 27, 2004 (Qatar) On the signs: Ramallah, Jenin, Nablus and Beit Lechem. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 37 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 37 Al-Hayat al-Jadida, January 13, 2004 (Palestinian Authority) Sharon is saying: "When you stop terror, I will extend my hand in peace to you." Al-Hayat al-Jadida, January 13, 2004 (Palestinian Authority) Sharon is saying: "When you stop terror, I will extend my hand in peace to you." Al-Wafd, December 31, 2003 (Egypt) Headline: "The Harvest of 2003." From right to left: 2003's murderer (Sharon); 2003's Spineless, The UN; 2003's Hulagu (Bush). Al-Wafd, December 31, 2003 (Egypt) Headline: "The Harvest of 2003." From right to left: 2003's murderer (Sharon); 2003's Spineless, The UN; 2003's Hulagu (Bush). Akhbar al-Khalij, December 28, 2003 (Bahrain) Akhbar al-Khalij, December 28, 2003 (Bahrain) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 38 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 38 Al-Wafd, December 22, 2003 (Egypt) Sharon is saying: "I am happy like that, I am satisfied like that." He is standing on the "agreement for the prohibition of the nuclear (weapon) spread." Al-Wafd, December 22, 2003 (Egypt) Sharon is saying: "I am happy like that, I am satisfied like that." He is standing on the "agreement for the prohibition of the nuclear (weapon) spread." Al-Watan, December 1, 2003 (Qatar) The wall creates the word "Peace." Al-Watan, December 1, 2003 (Qatar) The wall creates the word "Peace." Al-Watan, November 6, 2003 (Qatar) In Arabic: "Sharon." Al-Watan, November 6, 2003 (Qatar) In Arabic: "Sharon." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 39 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 39 Arab News, November 4, 2003 (Saudi Arabia) Arab News, November 4, 2003 (Saudi Arabia) Al-Ahram, October 7, 2003 (Egypt) Sharon as an ox, running towards Syria. Al-Ahram, October 7, 2003 (Egypt) Sharon as an ox, running towards Syria. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 40 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 40 Al-Wafd, October 6, 2003 (Egypt) Headline: "Today is the Memorial Day for October's Victory". Sharon is saying to the doctor (while pointing at the date of October 6th): "I don't know why, doctor, every year at the same time I feel that my nape hurts me." Al-Wafd, October 6, 2003 (Egypt) Headline: "Today is the Memorial Day for October's Victory". Sharon is saying to the doctor (while pointing at the date of October 6th): "I don't know why, doctor, every year at the same time I feel that my nape hurts me." Al-Watan, September 27, 2003 (Qatar) Headline: "He Does not Think Farther than his Nose." Al-Watan, September 27, 2003 (Qatar) Headline: "He Does not Think Farther than his Nose." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 41 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 41 Al-Wafd, September 23, 2003 (Egypt) Arafat is saying: "Great! The home belongs to our father... and the foreigners are expelling us!" Al-Wafd, September 23, 2003 (Egypt) Arafat is saying: "Great! The home belongs to our father... and the foreigners are expelling us!" Ad-Dustur, September 18, 2003 (Jordan) Headline: "Israel's Security Council." Sharon is presented as Goliath and Arafat as David. The end is known - David won over Goliath... Ad-Dustur, September 18, 2003 (Jordan) Headline: "Israel's Security Council." Sharon is presented as Goliath and Arafat as David. The end is known - David won over Goliath... Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 42 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 42 Al-Wafd, September 15, 2003 (Egypt) Sharon is saying: “Eventually, I will eliminate Arafat and I will take a rest…” The Israeli soldier on the left is saying: “How will you rest? Look behind you!!” Al-Wafd, September 15, 2003 (Egypt) Sharon is saying: “Eventually, I will eliminate Arafat and I will take a rest…” The Israeli soldier on the left is saying: “How will you rest? Look behind you!!” Akhbar al-Khalij, September 12, 2003 (Bahrain) Sharon, with an axe representing the USA, is fighting the Palestinian resistance. Akhbar al-Khalij, September 12, 2003 (Bahrain) Sharon, with an axe representing the USA, is fighting the Palestinian resistance. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 43 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 43 Al-Watan, September 14, 2003 (Saudi Arabia) Al-Watan, September 14, 2003 (Saudi Arabia) Ar-Riyadh, September 6, 2003 (Saudi Arabia) Ar-Riyadh, September 6, 2003 (Saudi Arabia) Ad-Dustur, August 31, 2003 (Jordan) Sharon as a dog, which is tied to the "Hudna" (ceasefire). Ad-Dustur, August 31, 2003 (Jordan) Sharon as a dog, which is tied to the "Hudna" (ceasefire). Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 44 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 44 Al-Watan, August 22, 2003 (Qatar) In Arabic: "The Road Map." Al-Watan, August 22, 2003 (Qatar) In Arabic: "The Road Map." Al-Watan, August 22, 2003 (Oman) Al-Watan, August 22, 2003 (Oman) Al-Ittihad, July 20, 2003 (United Arab Emirates) Al-Ittihad, July 20, 2003 (United Arab Emirates) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 45 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 45 Al-Watan, July 9, 2003 (Saudi Arabia) Al-Watan, July 9, 2003 (Saudi Arabia) Ad-Dustur, June 24, 2003 (Jordan) The American is saying to the Arab man: "Catch it. Here is a cork close the blood's faucet." Ad-Dustur, June 24, 2003 (Jordan) The American is saying to the Arab man: "Catch it. Here is a cork close the blood's faucet." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 46 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 46 Al-Hayat al-Jadida, June 24, 2003 (Palestinian Authority) Sharon is standing on a bleeding Palestinian child, holding an axe covered with blood. On the left, an American is saying to the child: "You are a terrorist!" Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 47 Al-Hayat al-Jadida, June 24, 2003 (Palestinian Authority) Sharon is standing on a bleeding Palestinian child, holding an axe covered with blood. On the left, an American is saying to the child: "You are a terrorist!" Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 47 Al-Wafd, June 12, 2003 (Egypt) Headline: "Increasing Disagreements between the Palestinian PM and the Palestinian Groups." Sharon and America are dancing while "Palestinians" are killing each other. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 48 Al-Wafd, June 12, 2003 (Egypt) Headline: "Increasing Disagreements between the Palestinian PM and the Palestinian Groups." Sharon and America are dancing while "Palestinians" are killing each other. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 48 Al-Wafd, June 10, 2003 (Egypt) The American is stabbing "Iraq," while Sharon is saying: "You are still looking for (excuses)? End it quickly. I don't want anybody to stand in front of me in the region." Al-Wafd, June 10, 2003 (Egypt) The American is stabbing "Iraq," while Sharon is saying: "You are still looking for (excuses)? End it quickly. I don't want anybody to stand in front of me in the region." Ar-Riyadh, May 22, 2003 (Saudi Arabia) On the tank: "Sharon." Ar-Riyadh, May 22, 2003 (Saudi Arabia) On the tank: "Sharon." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 49 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 49 Al-Hayat al-Jadida, April 22, 2003 (Palestinian Authority) Al-Hayat al-Jadida, April 22, 2003 (Palestinian Authority) Al-Watan, March 10, 2003 (Qatar) In Arabic: “The Government.” Al-Watan, March 10, 2003 (Qatar) In Arabic: “The Government.” Al-Watan, March 8, 2003 (Qatar) Headline: "Sharon's government." Al-Watan, March 8, 2003 (Qatar) Headline: "Sharon's government." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 50 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 50 Al-Hayat al-Jadida, March 1, 2003 (Palestinian Authority) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 51 Al-Hayat al-Jadida, March 1, 2003 (Palestinian Authority) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 51 Al-Hayat al-Jadida, February 27, 2003 (Palestinian Authority) Al-Hayat al-Jadida, February 27, 2003 (Palestinian Authority) Arab News, February 26, 2003 (Saudi Arabia) Arab News, February 26, 2003 (Saudi Arabia) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 52 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 52 Al-Watan, February 18, 2003 (Qatar) Al-Watan, February 18, 2003 (Qatar) Arab News, February 17, 2003 (Saudi Arabia) Arab News, February 17, 2003 (Saudi Arabia) Al-Watan, February 4, 2003 (Saudi Arabia) Al-Watan, February 4, 2003 (Saudi Arabia) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 53 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 53 Ad-Dustur, January 27, 2003 (Jordan) Headline: "Elect Sharon." Ad-Dustur, January 27, 2003 (Jordan) Headline: "Elect Sharon." Al-Watan, January 5, 2003 (Qatar) In Arabic: “The children’s murderer.” Al-Watan, January 5, 2003 (Qatar) In Arabic: “The children’s murderer.” Al-Watan, December 29, 2002 (Qatar) Al-Watan, December 29, 2002 (Qatar) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 54 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 54 Al-Hayat al-Jadida, December 4, 2002 (Palestinian Authority) The bodies on the left represent: "Jenin," "Gaza" and "al-Bureij" (refugee camps). Headline: "A permitted blood sacrifice with the authorization of the Arab governments under the supervision of the American Health Ministry." Al-Hayat al-Jadida, December 4, 2002 (Palestinian Authority) The bodies on the left represent: "Jenin," "Gaza" and "al-Bureij" (refugee camps). Headline: "A permitted blood sacrifice with the authorization of the Arab governments under the supervision of the American Health Ministry." Ad-Dustur, November 21, 2002 (Jordan) Sharon is eating “Hebron.” Ad-Dustur, November 21, 2002 (Jordan) Sharon is eating “Hebron.” Al-Ahram weekly, November 21-27, 2002 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, November 21-27, 2002 (Egypt) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 55 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 55 Al-Ahram weekly, November 7-13, 2002 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, November 7-13, 2002 (Egypt) Al-Watan, November 7, 2002 (Qatar) In Arabic: “Monday – 7 people killed Tuesday – 5 people killed Wednesday – 8 people killed Thursday – 6 people killed Friday – 9 people killed” Al-Watan, November 7, 2002 (Qatar) In Arabic: “Monday – 7 people killed Tuesday – 5 people killed Wednesday – 8 people killed Thursday – 6 people killed Friday – 9 people killed” Ad-Dustur, November 5, 2002 (Jordan) The Arab man on the left is saying: “I have to stay far away in order to show respect for my Palestinian brothers’ desire for selfdetermination.” Ad-Dustur, November 5, 2002 (Jordan) The Arab man on the left is saying: “I have to stay far away in order to show respect for my Palestinian brothers’ desire for selfdetermination.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 56 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 56 Al-Watan, October 20, 2002 (Oman) Hitler is saying to Sharon: "That’s right - the student has surpassed his teacher." Al-Watan, October 20, 2002 (Oman) Hitler is saying to Sharon: "That’s right - the student has surpassed his teacher." Al-Watan, October 19, 2002 (Qatar) Headline: “Sharon in Washington.” Al-Watan, October 19, 2002 (Qatar) Headline: “Sharon in Washington.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 57 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 57 Al-Ahram, October 18, 2002 (Egypt) Al-Ahram, October 18, 2002 (Egypt) Al-Watan, October 9, 2002 (Qatar) In Arabic: “Gaza Massacre.” Al-Watan, October 9, 2002 (Qatar) In Arabic: “Gaza Massacre.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 58 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 58 Arab News, October 9, 2002 (Saudi Arabia) Arab News, October 9, 2002 (Saudi Arabia) Al-Watan, October 2, 2002 (Oman) The two chairs represent “Gaza” and the “West Bank.” Al-Watan, October 2, 2002 (Oman) The two chairs represent “Gaza” and the “West Bank.” Arab News, September 22, 2002 (Saudi Arabia) Arab News, September 22, 2002 (Saudi Arabia) Al-Ittihad, September 9, 2002 (United Arab Emirates) Headline: "Teaching terror for beginners." The cartoon depicts Sharon as Hitler's teacher for terror. Al-Ittihad, September 9, 2002 (United Arab Emirates) Headline: "Teaching terror for beginners." The cartoon depicts Sharon as Hitler's teacher for terror. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 59 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 59 Ar-Riyadh, September 9, 2002 (Saudi Arabia) In Arabic: “Sharon.” Ar-Riyadh, September 9, 2002 (Saudi Arabia) In Arabic: “Sharon.” Al-Ittihad, September 9, 2002 (United Arab Emirates) Headline: "The September 11th Results.” Al-Ittihad, September 9, 2002 (United Arab Emirates) Headline: "The September 11th Results.” Al-Watan, September 4, 2002 (Qatar) Headline: "Israel is Apologizing for the Sheikh Ijlin's Massacre." In Arabic, on the left: "Sorrow." Al-Watan, September 4, 2002 (Qatar) Headline: "Israel is Apologizing for the Sheikh Ijlin's Massacre." In Arabic, on the left: "Sorrow." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 60 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 60 Ad-Dustur, September 3, 2002 (Jordan) Bush is saying: “Israel has the right to defend itself.” Ad-Dustur, September 3, 2002 (Jordan) Bush is saying: “Israel has the right to defend itself.” Al-Ayyam, August 18, 2002 (Palestinian Authority) Al-Ayyam, August 18, 2002 (Palestinian Authority) Arab News, August 5, 2002 (Saudi Arabia) Arab News, August 5, 2002 (Saudi Arabia) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 61 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 61 Al-Ayyam, August 5, 2002 (Palestinian Authority) Sharon is saying: “I just have to get rid of them and you can talk to them.” Al-Ayyam, August 5, 2002 (Palestinian Authority) Sharon is saying: “I just have to get rid of them and you can talk to them.” Al-Ahram al-‘Arabi, August 3, 2002 (Egypt) Al-Ahram al-‘Arabi, August 3, 2002 (Egypt) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 62 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 62 Al-Hayat al-Jadida, July 28, 2002 (Palestinian Authority) In Arabic: “Veto.” Al-Hayat al-Jadida, July 28, 2002 (Palestinian Authority) In Arabic: “Veto.” Al-Watan, July 27, 2002 (Qatar) Al-Watan, July 27, 2002 (Qatar) Al-Quds, July 27, 2002 (Palestinian Authority) Bush, going out of Sharon’s mouth, is saying: “I am calling upon the Palestinians to elect a new leadership.” On the pocket: “The American Administration.” Al-Quds, July 27, 2002 (Palestinian Authority) Bush, going out of Sharon’s mouth, is saying: “I am calling upon the Palestinians to elect a new leadership.” On the pocket: “The American Administration.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 63 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 63 Al-Hayat al-Jadida, July 26, 2002 (Palestinian Authority) Al-Hayat al-Jadida, July 26, 2002 (Palestinian Authority) Al-Ittihad, July 26, 2002 (United Arab Emirates) Al-Ittihad, July 26, 2002 (United Arab Emirates) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 64 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 64 Al-Watan, July 25, 2002 (Qatar) Al-Watan, July 25, 2002 (Qatar) Al-Watan, July 24, 2002 (Qatar) In Arabic: “The Palestinian Children’s Blood.” Al-Watan, July 24, 2002 (Qatar) In Arabic: “The Palestinian Children’s Blood.” Ar-Rai, June 18, 2002 (Jordan) Headline: “Theory… and Practice…” Ar-Rai, June 18, 2002 (Jordan) Headline: “Theory… and Practice…” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 65 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 65 Al-Ahram al-‘Arabi, June 15, 2002 (Egypt) Sharon is shooting with the gun in his left hand and is holding a club in his right hand. On the right: “Human Rights;” on the left: “The UN’s resolutions” and “children.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 66 Al-Ahram al-‘Arabi, June 15, 2002 (Egypt) Sharon is shooting with the gun in his left hand and is holding a club in his right hand. On the right: “Human Rights;” on the left: “The UN’s resolutions” and “children.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 66 Al-Ahram al-Arabi, June 8, 2002 (Egypt) Ben Eliezer and two other Israeli government's members are standing on Sharon, while Peres is standing aside and applauding with bleeding hands. Al-Ahram al-Arabi, June 8, 2002 (Egypt) Ben Eliezer and two other Israeli government's members are standing on Sharon, while Peres is standing aside and applauding with bleeding hands. Al-Watan, June 5, 2002 (Qatar) Al-Watan, June 5, 2002 (Qatar) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 67 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 67 Al-Hayat al-Jadida, May 18, 2002 (Palestinian Authority) Al-Hayat al-Jadida, May 18, 2002 (Palestinian Authority) Al-Ittihad, May 6, 2002 (United Arab Emirates) In Arabic: "Warning! A crazy dog." Al-Ittihad, May 6, 2002 (United Arab Emirates) In Arabic: "Warning! A crazy dog." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 68 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 68 Al-Watan, May 2, 2002 (Qatar) In Arabic: “Washington.” Al-Watan, May 2, 2002 (Qatar) In Arabic: “Washington.” Al-Watan, April 29, 2002 (Qatar) Bush is pouring water on Sharon’s bloody hands. On the sign: “Jenin.” Al-Watan, April 29, 2002 (Qatar) Bush is pouring water on Sharon’s bloody hands. On the sign: “Jenin.” Ar-Riyadh, April 26, 2002 (Saudi Arabia) In Arabic: “A Man of Peace.” Ar-Riyadh, April 26, 2002 (Saudi Arabia) In Arabic: “A Man of Peace.” Al-Watan, April 24, 2002 (Qatar) Sharon is carrying the “Torah.” Al-Watan, April 24, 2002 (Qatar) Sharon is carrying the “Torah.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 69 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 69 Tishrin, April 24, 2002 (Syria) Bush is saying: “Sharon is a man of peace” while the world is laughing. Tishrin, April 24, 2002 (Syria) Bush is saying: “Sharon is a man of peace” while the world is laughing. Al-Watan, April 23, 2002 (Qatar) On the left side, in Arabic: "Refugee camp Jenin's massacres." Al-Watan, April 23, 2002 (Qatar) On the left side, in Arabic: "Refugee camp Jenin's massacres." Al-Watan, April 21, 2002 (Qatar) In Arabic: “Bush.” Al-Watan, April 21, 2002 (Qatar) In Arabic: “Bush.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 70 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 70 Al-Ahram weekly, April 18-24, 2002 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, April 18-24, 2002 (Egypt) Al-Ahram, April 13, 2002 (Egypt) The American is saying: "'Who would you like to eat as sweets after dinner, Sharon?" On the sign: “The Palestinian Territories.” Al-Ahram, April 13, 2002 (Egypt) The American is saying: "'Who would you like to eat as sweets after dinner, Sharon?" On the sign: “The Palestinian Territories.” Akhbar al-Khalij, April 9, 2002 (Bahrain) Akhbar al-Khalij, April 9, 2002 (Bahrain) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 71 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 71 Al-Ahram weekly, April 4-10, 2002 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, April 4-10, 2002 (Egypt) Akhbar al-Khalij, March 21, 2002 (Bahrain) Akhbar al-Khalij, March 21, 2002 (Bahrain) Al-Watan, March 18, 2002 (Qatar) On the grenade: “Sharon.” The signs below reads: Ramallah, Gaza and Hebron. Al-Watan, March 18, 2002 (Qatar) On the grenade: “Sharon.” The signs below reads: Ramallah, Gaza and Hebron. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 72 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 72 Al-Watan, March 14, 2002 (Qatar) In Arabic: “Sharon.” Al-Watan, March 14, 2002 (Qatar) In Arabic: “Sharon.” Al-Watan, March 14, 2002 (Qatar) Al-Watan, March 14, 2002 (Qatar) Al-Watan, March 14, 2002 (Saudi Arabia) The gun’s smoke is creating the word “peace.” Al-Watan, March 14, 2002 (Saudi Arabia) The gun’s smoke is creating the word “peace.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 73 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 73 Akhbar al-Khalij, March 13, 2002 (Bahrain) Sharon is shooting at a Palestinian man while a dog, labeled “settlers,” is drooling. The caption below reads: “This is our enemy with which you would like to make peace.” Akhbar al-Khalij, March 13, 2002 (Bahrain) Sharon is shooting at a Palestinian man while a dog, labeled “settlers,” is drooling. The caption below reads: “This is our enemy with which you would like to make peace.” Al-Watan, March 10, 2002 (Saudi Arabia) Sharon is writing with blood “Peace.” Al-Watan, March 10, 2002 (Saudi Arabia) Sharon is writing with blood “Peace.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 74 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 74 Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, January 25, 2002 (United Kingdom) On the left: “The Mossad.” Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, January 25, 2002 (United Kingdom) On the left: “The Mossad.” Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, January 19, 2002 (United Kingdom) Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, January 19, 2002 (United Kingdom) Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, December 21, 2001 (United Kingdom) Headline: “The film of the year: Sharoncula.” Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, December 21, 2001 (United Kingdom) Headline: “The film of the year: Sharoncula.” Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, November 25, 2001 (United Kingdom) Headline: “The American Initiative.” On the sign: “The Occupied Territories.” Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, November 25, 2001 (United Kingdom) Headline: “The American Initiative.” On the sign: “The Occupied Territories.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 75 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 75 Al-Ahram weekly, November 8-14, 2001 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, November 8-14, 2001 (Egypt) Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, October 8, 2001 (United Kingdom) The American is bringing “Aid.” Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, October 8, 2001 (United Kingdom) The American is bringing “Aid.” Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, October 6, 2001 (United Kingdom) Sharon is saying: “He attacked me first.” The American is holding a folder entitled: “The Ceasefire Plan.” Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, October 6, 2001 (United Kingdom) Sharon is saying: “He attacked me first.” The American is holding a folder entitled: “The Ceasefire Plan.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 76 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 76 Al-Ahram weekly, September 6-12, 2001 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, September 6-12, 2001 (Egypt) Al-Ahram, August 10, 2001 (Egypt) Al-Ahram, August 10, 2001 (Egypt) Al-Ahram, July 27, 2001 (Egypt) Al-Ahram, July 27, 2001 (Egypt) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 77 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 77 Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, July 11, 2001 (United Kingdom) Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, July 11, 2001 (United Kingdom) Al-Ahram weekly, July 5-11, 2001 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, July 5-11, 2001 (Egypt) Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, June 26, 2001 (United Kingdom) Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, June 26, 2001 (United Kingdom) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 78 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 78 Al-Ahram weekly, May 17-23, 2001 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, May 17-23, 2001 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, March 29-April 4, 2001 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, March 29-April 4, 2001 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, March 22-28, 2001 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, March 22-28, 2001 (Egypt) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 79 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 79 Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, February 12, 2001 (United Kingdom) On the sign: “the Middle East.” Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, February 12, 2001 (United Kingdom) On the sign: “the Middle East.” Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, February 8, 2001 (United Kingdom) On the flag: “The Red House.” (The word “White” is erased.) Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, February 8, 2001 (United Kingdom) On the flag: “The Red House.” (The word “White” is erased.) Al-Watan, February 7, 2001 (Oman) The foot raise over Sharon is labeled: “The Intifada.” Al-Watan, February 7, 2001 (Oman) The foot raise over Sharon is labeled: “The Intifada.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 80 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 80 Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, January 24, 2001 (United Kingdom) Sharon has two medals on his chest: “Sabra” and “Shatila.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 81 Ash-Sharq al-Awsat, January 24, 2001 (United Kingdom) Sharon has two medals on his chest: “Sabra” and “Shatila.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 81 Ehud Olmert Ehud Olmert (April 2006-March 2009) (April 2006-March 2009) Ehud Olmert presided over the 2006 Lebanon War as well as the Israeli operation Ehud Olmert presided over the 2006 Lebanon War as well as the Israeli operation in Gaza from December 2008-January 2009. Both of these defensive measures taken by in Gaza from December 2008-January 2009. Both of these defensive measures taken by Israel were seen by elements in the Arab world as further evidence of Israeli cruelty. Israel were seen by elements in the Arab world as further evidence of Israeli cruelty. Thus, Olmert, like Sharon is often shown as a blood-thirsty killer of Palestinians. He is Thus, Olmert, like Sharon is often shown as a blood-thirsty killer of Palestinians. He is often portrayed as a Nazi with swastikas emblazoned on his uniform. The US is depicted often portrayed as a Nazi with swastikas emblazoned on his uniform. The US is depicted as defending and being complicit in his actions and cartoonists portray US leaders as as defending and being complicit in his actions and cartoonists portray US leaders as subservient to Israel and controlled by Israel’s leaders. subservient to Israel and controlled by Israel’s leaders. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 82 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 82 Ad-Dustur, February 15, 2009 (Jordan) Written on the arrow: "Sudan." Written on the note: "('Umar) AlBashir's Arrest Warrant." Ad-Dustur, February 15, 2009 (Jordan) Written on the arrow: "Sudan." Written on the note: "('Umar) AlBashir's Arrest Warrant." Al-Khalij, February 4, 2009 (United Arab Emirates) Al-Khalij, February 4, 2009 (United Arab Emirates) Al-Ahram weekly, January 29February 4, 2009 (Egypt) Written on the sign: "The Israeli Government." Al-Ahram weekly, January 29February 4, 2009 (Egypt) Written on the sign: "The Israeli Government." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 83 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 83 Al-Madina, January 16, 2009 (Saudi Arabia) Headline: "Olmert is Covering His Corruption by Shedding Additional Palestinian Blood!!" The watering can is labeled “Gaza” and the Jewish man is saying: "Wash your shame." Al-Madina, January 16, 2009 (Saudi Arabia) Headline: "Olmert is Covering His Corruption by Shedding Additional Palestinian Blood!!" The watering can is labeled “Gaza” and the Jewish man is saying: "Wash your shame." Al-Khabar, January 12, 2009 (Algeria) Written in Arabic: "Gaza." Al-Khabar, January 12, 2009 (Algeria) Written in Arabic: "Gaza." Al-Liwa, January 12, 2009 (Lebanon) Headline: "Internationally Forbidden Phosphorus Bombs, for Annihilating Civilians in Gaza." Olmert, Barak and Livni are in a pool of blood in the middle of the word “Gaza.” Al-Liwa, January 12, 2009 (Lebanon) Headline: "Internationally Forbidden Phosphorus Bombs, for Annihilating Civilians in Gaza." Olmert, Barak and Livni are in a pool of blood in the middle of the word “Gaza.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 84 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 84 Al-Ahram weekly, January 8-14, 2009 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, January 8-14, 2009 (Egypt) Al-Quds al-'Arabi, January 7, 2009 (United Kingdom) Al-Ghad, January 7, 2009 (Jordan). Written in Arabic: "The New Nazis!!" Al-Quds al-'Arabi, January 7, 2009 (United Kingdom) Al-Ghad, January 7, 2009 (Jordan). Written in Arabic: "The New Nazis!!" Al-Quds al-'Arabi, January 6, 2009 (United Kingdom) Al-Quds al-'Arabi, January 6, 2009 (United Kingdom) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 85 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 85 Al-Ghad, January 3, 2009 (Jordan) Al-Ghad, January 3, 2009 (Jordan) Al-Watan, January 3, 2009 (Qatar) The bloody hands of Livni, Olmert and Barak are creating the word "Gaza." Al-Watan, January 3, 2009 (Qatar) The bloody hands of Livni, Olmert and Barak are creating the word "Gaza." Al-Ahram, January 2, 2009 (Egypt) Written on the sign: "Israel's Butchery, Owned by the children of Ben Gurion - Golda Meir, Begin, Rabin, Netanyahu, Barak, Sharon, Olmert." Written on Olmert's knife: "Gaza." Al-Ahram, January 2, 2009 (Egypt) Written on the sign: "Israel's Butchery, Owned by the children of Ben Gurion - Golda Meir, Begin, Rabin, Netanyahu, Barak, Sharon, Olmert." Written on Olmert's knife: "Gaza." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 86 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 86 Al-Ghad, January 1, 2009 (Jordan) Al-Ghad, January 1, 2009 (Jordan) Al-Watan, September 22, 2008 (Qatar) Headline: “Olmert Resigns.” Al-Watan, September 22, 2008 (Qatar) Headline: “Olmert Resigns.” Al-Ahram weekly, August 7-13, 2008 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, August 7-13, 2008 (Egypt) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 87 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 87 Ad-Dustur, April 9, 2008 (Jordan) Ad-Dustur, April 9, 2008 (Jordan) Al-Watan, April 7, 2008 (Qatar) Al-Watan, April 7, 2008 (Qatar) Ad-Dustur, March 17, 2008 (Jordan) Headline: “Renewal of the IsraeliPalestinian Meetings.” Written on the tombstone: “Victims of the Gaza Holocaust.” Written on the pitcher: "The Forgiver is Noble." Ad-Dustur, March 17, 2008 (Jordan) Headline: “Renewal of the IsraeliPalestinian Meetings.” Written on the tombstone: “Victims of the Gaza Holocaust.” Written on the pitcher: "The Forgiver is Noble." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 88 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 88 Al-Ahram weekly, March 6-12, 2008 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, March 6-12, 2008 (Egypt) Al-Jazira, March 5, 2008 (Saudi Arabia) The figure represents Olmert. Al-Jazira, March 5, 2008 (Saudi Arabia) The figure represents Olmert. Al-Khabar, March 4, 2008 (Algeria) Headline: "The New Nazism." Al-Khabar, March 4, 2008 (Algeria) Headline: "The New Nazism." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 89 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 89 Al-Watan, March 2, 2008 (Qatar) Headline: “The Killer of Babies.” The pacifier represents Gaza and the figure represents Olmert. Al-Watan, March 2, 2008 (Qatar) Headline: “The Killer of Babies.” The pacifier represents Gaza and the figure represents Olmert. Al-Watan, February 17, 2008 (Saudi Arabia) Headline: "Olmert's Popularity!" The blood represents Palestinian blood. Al-Watan, February 17, 2008 (Saudi Arabia) Headline: "Olmert's Popularity!" The blood represents Palestinian blood. Al-Watan, February 10, 2008 (Qatar) Written in Arabic: "Gaza." Al-Watan, February 10, 2008 (Qatar) Written in Arabic: "Gaza." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 90 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 90 Tishrin, February 6, 2008 (Syria) Tishrin, February 6, 2008 (Syria) Ad-Dustur, February 3, 2008 (Jordan) Written on the hand: "The Arab Weakness". Written on the glasses: "Iraq" (right) and "Palestine" (left). Al-Ghad, December 15, 2007 (Jordan) The Arab is kissing the “Annapolis” pacifier while Olmert is grinding the people of “Gaza.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 91 Ad-Dustur, February 3, 2008 (Jordan) Written on the hand: "The Arab Weakness". Written on the glasses: "Iraq" (right) and "Palestine" (left). Al-Ghad, December 15, 2007 (Jordan) The Arab is kissing the “Annapolis” pacifier while Olmert is grinding the people of “Gaza.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 91 Al-Bayan, October 28, 2007 (United Arab Emirates) Al-Bayan, October 28, 2007 (United Arab Emirates) Ash-Sharq, October 14, 2007 (Qatar) Headline: “Shortly Before the Peace Conference: Israel is Confiscating Lands in Jerusalem.” Ash-Sharq, August 15, 2007 (Qatar) Headline: "Israel Destroys Gaza Strip." The figure represents Olmert. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 92 Ash-Sharq, October 14, 2007 (Qatar) Headline: “Shortly Before the Peace Conference: Israel is Confiscating Lands in Jerusalem.” Ash-Sharq, August 15, 2007 (Qatar) Headline: "Israel Destroys Gaza Strip." The figure represents Olmert. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 92 Al-Watan, June 30, 2007 (Saudi Arabia) Olmert is writing in Palestinian blood: “Peace Be Upon You.” Al-Watan, June 30, 2007 (Saudi Arabia) Olmert is writing in Palestinian blood: “Peace Be Upon You.” Oman, June 13, 2007 (Oman) Written in Arabic: "Gaza." The figure represents Olmert. Oman, June 13, 2007 (Oman) Written in Arabic: "Gaza." The figure represents Olmert. Ad-Dustur, May 24, 2007 (Jordan) Olmert is saying: “How nice... There is nothing better than a cold (beverage) in this heat wave!!” (In Arabic, the word “cold” is “bared,” which is also the name of a Palestinian refugee camp in Lebanon, Nahr al-Bared, that was attacked by the Lebanese army). Ad-Dustur, May 24, 2007 (Jordan) Olmert is saying: “How nice... There is nothing better than a cold (beverage) in this heat wave!!” (In Arabic, the word “cold” is “bared,” which is also the name of a Palestinian refugee camp in Lebanon, Nahr al-Bared, that was attacked by the Lebanese army). Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 93 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 93 Ad-Dustur, February 17, 2007 (Jordan) Ad-Dustur, February 17, 2007 (Jordan) Ad-Dustur, February 11, 2007 (Jordan) The two Arabs are saying: “Thank God, Hamas and Fatah reached an agreement!” Ad-Dustur, February 11, 2007 (Jordan) The two Arabs are saying: “Thank God, Hamas and Fatah reached an agreement!” Al-Ghad, January 14, 2007 (Jordan) Headline: “Preparing for the next series of negotiations.” Al-Ghad, January 14, 2007 (Jordan) Headline: “Preparing for the next series of negotiations.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 94 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 94 Akhbar al-Khalij, January 14, 2007 (Bahrain) Written on the frying pan: "Civil War". The two figures represent Fatah and Hamas. Akhbar al-Khalij, January 14, 2007 (Bahrain) Written on the frying pan: "Civil War". The two figures represent Fatah and Hamas. Al-Mustaqbal, December 13, 2006 (Lebanon) Headline: “Olmert in Germany.” Al-Mustaqbal, December 13, 2006 (Lebanon) Headline: “Olmert in Germany.” Al-Yawm, November 19, 2006 (Saudi Arabia) Al-Yawm, November 19, 2006 (Saudi Arabia) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 95 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 95 Al-Watan, November 19, 2006 (Qatar) Headline: "Olmert's Massacres." Al-Watan, November 19, 2006 (Qatar) Headline: "Olmert's Massacres." Al-Quds, November 9, 2006 (Palestinian Authority) Al-Quds, November 9, 2006 (Palestinian Authority) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 96 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 96 Ad-Dustur, August 14, 2006 (Jordan) Ad-Dustur, August 14, 2006 (Jordan) Ad-Dustur, August 5, 2006 (Jordan) Headline: “A ‘Decoration’ on Olmert’s Chest!” Ad-Dustur, August 5, 2006 (Jordan) Headline: “A ‘Decoration’ on Olmert’s Chest!” Al-Hayat, August 2, 2006 (United Kingdom) Al-Hayat, August 2, 2006 (United Kingdom) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 97 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 97 Ad-Dustur, July 31, 2006 (Jordan) Written on the sign that Condoleezza Rice is holding: “A New Middle East.” Ad-Dustur, July 31, 2006 (Jordan) Written on the sign that Condoleezza Rice is holding: “A New Middle East.” Al-Watan, July 30, 2006 (Qatar) Al-Watan, July 30, 2006 (Qatar) Ad-Dustur, July 26, 2006 (Jordan) Headline: “A New Middle East!” Ad-Dustur, July 26, 2006 (Jordan) Headline: “A New Middle East!” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 98 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 98 Al-Ahram weekly, July 20-26, 2006 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, July 20-26, 2006 (Egypt) Al-Akhbar, July 19, 2006 (Egypt) Headline: “Israeli Crimes against Civilians in Lebanon.” Olmert is saying: “So that you know that we are fearful men… and that no one is better than the other…” Al-Akhbar, July 19, 2006 (Egypt) Headline: “Israeli Crimes against Civilians in Lebanon.” Olmert is saying: “So that you know that we are fearful men… and that no one is better than the other…” Al-Watan, July 18, 2006 (Qatar) The cartoon shows Olmert in Lebanon. Al-Watan, July 18, 2006 (Qatar) The cartoon shows Olmert in Lebanon. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 99 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 99 Ad-Dustur, July 15, 2006 (Jordan) Ad-Dustur, July 15, 2006 (Jordan) Al-Hayat, July 13, 2006 (United Kingdom) The name "Olmert" is written over the name "Sharon", changing it to "Olmert's Butchery". Written beneath the sign: "New Management." Al-Hayat, July 13, 2006 (United Kingdom) The name "Olmert" is written over the name "Sharon", changing it to "Olmert's Butchery". Written beneath the sign: "New Management." Ad-Dustur, July 8, 2006 (Jordan) Written in Arabic: “Arab blood.” Ad-Dustur, July 8, 2006 (Jordan) Written in Arabic: “Arab blood.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 100 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 100 Tishrin, July 1, 2006 (Syria) Written in Arabic: "The Israeli Prisoner." Tishrin, July 1, 2006 (Syria) Written in Arabic: "The Israeli Prisoner." Ad-Dustur, June 26, 2006 (Jordan) Written in Arabic: “Olmert.” Ad-Dustur, June 26, 2006 (Jordan) Written in Arabic: “Olmert.” Al-Ghad, June 23, 2006 (Jordan) Al-Ghad, June 23, 2006 (Jordan) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 101 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 101 Ad-Dustur, June 15, 2006 (Jordan) Written in Arabic: “Ice.” Ad-Dustur, June 15, 2006 (Jordan) Written in Arabic: “Ice.” Ad-Dustur, June 13, 2006 (Jordan) Headline: “Why Do They Hate Us?!” Bush is saying: “Israel has the full right to defend itself.” Ad-Dustur, June 13, 2006 (Jordan) Headline: “Why Do They Hate Us?!” Bush is saying: “Israel has the full right to defend itself.” Al-Ghad, June 13, 2006 (Jordan) Condoleezza Rice is saying: “It is his right to defend himself.” Written on the left: “Gaza.” Al-Ghad, June 13, 2006 (Jordan) Condoleezza Rice is saying: “It is his right to defend himself.” Written on the left: “Gaza.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 102 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 102 Akhbar al-Khalij, June 11, 2006 (Bahrain) Headline: “The Marathon of Massacres.” Sharon is handing Olmert the bloody ax. Akhbar al-Khalij, June 11, 2006 (Bahrain) Headline: “The Marathon of Massacres.” Sharon is handing Olmert the bloody ax. Al-Watan, May 24, 2006 (Qatar) Written on the rocket: "Olmert's Plan." Al-Watan, May 24, 2006 (Qatar) Written on the rocket: "Olmert's Plan." Ad-Dustur, May 16, 2006 (Jordan) Written above Ahmedinajad: "AntiSemitic!" Written on the paper plane: "Death to Israel." Ad-Dustur, May 16, 2006 (Jordan) Written above Ahmedinajad: "AntiSemitic!" Written on the paper plane: "Death to Israel." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 103 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 103 Ad-Dustur, April 13, 2006 (Jordan) Ad-Dustur, April 13, 2006 (Jordan) Ad-Dustur, March 8, 2006 (Jordan) The man is washing Olmert using "Palestinian blood." On the wall the posters read: "Vote for Olmert – evil successor (as) evil ancestor;" i.e. like father, like son. Ad-Dustur, March 8, 2006 (Jordan) The man is washing Olmert using "Palestinian blood." On the wall the posters read: "Vote for Olmert – evil successor (as) evil ancestor;" i.e. like father, like son. Al-Watan, March 4, 2006 (Qatar) On the left: "Olmert;" on the right (the shadow): "Sharon." Al-Watan, March 4, 2006 (Qatar) On the left: "Olmert;" on the right (the shadow): "Sharon." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 104 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 104 Ad-Dustur, March 3, 2006 (Jordan) In Arabic: "Olmert" and "Mofaz." Ad-Dustur, March 3, 2006 (Jordan) In Arabic: "Olmert" and "Mofaz." Ad-Dustur, March 1, 2006 (Jordan) The figure on the right represents Olmert and the figure on the left represents the Israeli voter. The blood is Palestinian blood. Ad-Dustur, March 1, 2006 (Jordan) The figure on the right represents Olmert and the figure on the left represents the Israeli voter. The blood is Palestinian blood. Al-Ayyam, February 26, 2006 (Palestinian Authority) Olmert is writing: "Give me your voice" using the "Palestinian people's blood." Al-Ayyam, February 26, 2006 (Palestinian Authority) Olmert is writing: "Give me your voice" using the "Palestinian people's blood." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 105 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 105 Ad-Dustur, January 17, 2006 (Jordan) Headline: "On Sharon's Steps." On the right – Olmert. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 106 Ad-Dustur, January 17, 2006 (Jordan) Headline: "On Sharon's Steps." On the right – Olmert. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 106 Binyamin Netanyahu Binyamin Netanyahu (March 2009-currently) (March 2009-currently) Thus far Binyamin Netanyahu’s leadership has been characterized by both the Thus far Binyamin Netanyahu’s leadership has been characterized by both the peace process and the May 2010 Flotilla Affair. The peace process became fodder for a peace process and the May 2010 Flotilla Affair. The peace process became fodder for a slew of cartoons vilifying Netanyahu as the devil and controlling the US administration. slew of cartoons vilifying Netanyahu as the devil and controlling the US administration. Indeed, Netanyahu is depicted as being the puppet master of U.S. Special envoy to the Indeed, Netanyahu is depicted as being the puppet master of U.S. Special envoy to the Middle East, George Mitchell and other American officials. Middle East, George Mitchell and other American officials. Similarly, the Flotilla Affair was the catalyst for many cartoons portraying Similarly, the Flotilla Affair was the catalyst for many cartoons portraying Netanyahu as the devil and an oppressor. The Affair began when a Turkish ship Netanyahu as the devil and an oppressor. The Affair began when a Turkish ship organized by the Free Gaza Movement tied to break Israel’s blockade of Hamas- organized by the Free Gaza Movement tied to break Israel’s blockade of Hamas- controlled Gaza. After numerous warnings, the Israel Defense Forces intercepted a flotilla controlled Gaza. After numerous warnings, the Israel Defense Forces intercepted a flotilla of six ships en route to Gaza. During the operation, flotilla members on one ship, the of six ships en route to Gaza. During the operation, flotilla members on one ship, the Mavi Marmara, violently attacked the IDF naval personnel with weapons, including knives, Mavi Marmara, violently attacked the IDF naval personnel with weapons, including knives, metal rods, clubs, and live gunfire. In the resulting confrontation, nine flotilla members metal rods, clubs, and live gunfire. In the resulting confrontation, nine flotilla members were killed and seven were wounded. At least seven Israeli soldiers were wounded, two were killed and seven were wounded. At least seven Israeli soldiers were wounded, two in critical condition. While those aboard the ship touted themselves as “humanitarians,” in critical condition. While those aboard the ship touted themselves as “humanitarians,” this was clearly a premeditated provocation by an organization which has a history of anti- this was clearly a premeditated provocation by an organization which has a history of anti- Israel extremism. The Arab media, however seized on this incident and portrayed Israel Israel extremism. The Arab media, however seized on this incident and portrayed Israel as flouting international law and needlessly killing “humanitarians.” Netanyahu can be as flouting international law and needlessly killing “humanitarians.” Netanyahu can be seen as a pirate attacking innocent people and disregarding human rights. seen as a pirate attacking innocent people and disregarding human rights. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 107 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 107 Al-Ittihad, October 24, 2010 (United Arab Emirates) Written on the flag: "Continuation of Settlements," "The Jewish (Character) of the State." Al-Ittihad, October 24, 2010 (United Arab Emirates) Written on the flag: "Continuation of Settlements," "The Jewish (Character) of the State." Al-Watan, October 24, 2010 (Qatar) Headline: "Interfaith Dialogue." The figure is saying: "This is a title for peaceful dialogue and true religious tolerance..!!" Al-Watan, October 24, 2010 (Qatar) Headline: "Interfaith Dialogue." The figure is saying: "This is a title for peaceful dialogue and true religious tolerance..!!" Al-Ittihad, October 10, 2010 (United Arab Emirates) Netanyahu is saying: “No.” Al-Ittihad, October 10, 2010 (United Arab Emirates) Netanyahu is saying: “No.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 108 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 108 Okaz, October 8, 2010 (Saudi Arabia) Okaz, October 8, 2010 (Saudi Arabia) Al-Ahram weekly, September 30October 6, 2010 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, September 30October 6, 2010 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, September 30October 6, 2010 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, September 30October 6, 2010 (Egypt) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 109 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 109 Al-Ittihad, September 29, 2010 (United Arab Emirates) Written on the knife: "Continuation of Settlements." Al-Ittihad, September 29, 2010 (United Arab Emirates) Written on the knife: "Continuation of Settlements." Al-Mustaqbal, September 17, 2010 (Lebanon) Headline: "Netanyahu and the Settlements". Netanyahu is saying: "Is there something scary about me?!" Al-Mustaqbal, September 17, 2010 (Lebanon) Headline: "Netanyahu and the Settlements". Netanyahu is saying: "Is there something scary about me?!" Ar-Risala, August 28, 2010 (Gaza-Hamas) Headline: "Hurray, Hurray, Bibi Netanyahu." The singer’s name (on his shirt): "Muhsin ash-Sharif." Ar-Risala, August 28, 2010 (Gaza-Hamas) Headline: "Hurray, Hurray, Bibi Netanyahu." The singer’s name (on his shirt): "Muhsin ash-Sharif." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 110 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 110 Al-Ahram weekly, July 8-14, 2010 (Egypt) Al-Ahram weekly, July 8-14, 2010 (Egypt) An-Nadwa, June 25, 2010 (Saudi Arabia) Netanyahu is saying, as he levels Palestinian homes: "We Strive to ‘Straighten’ the Matter!" An-Nadwa, June 25, 2010 (Saudi Arabia) Netanyahu is saying, as he levels Palestinian homes: "We Strive to ‘Straighten’ the Matter!" Ad-Dustur, June 25, 2010 (Jordan) Headline: "The Voice of Reason!" Ad-Dustur, June 25, 2010 (Jordan) Headline: "The Voice of Reason!" Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 111 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 111 As-Sabil, June 8, 2010 (Jordan) As-Sabil, June 8, 2010 (Jordan) Ad-Dustur, June 6, 2010 (Jordan) Headline: "Israel Refuses to Accept the formation of an International Commission of Inquiry on the Massacre of the Freedom Flotilla." Netanyahu, Barak and Lieberman are sitting at a table, on which the sign reads "Commission of Inquiry." Ad-Dustur, June 6, 2010 (Jordan) Headline: "Israel Refuses to Accept the formation of an International Commission of Inquiry on the Massacre of the Freedom Flotilla." Netanyahu, Barak and Lieberman are sitting at a table, on which the sign reads "Commission of Inquiry." Al-Jumhuriyya, June 6, 2010 (Yemen) Al-Jumhuriyya, June 6, 2010 (Yemen) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 112 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 112 An-Nadwa, June 3, 2010 (Saudi Arabia) Headline: “The New Pirates.” On the sign: “Gaza.” An-Nadwa, June 3, 2010 (Saudi Arabia) Headline: “The New Pirates.” On the sign: “Gaza.” Al-Balad, June 2, 2010 (Lebanon) Al-Balad, June 2, 2010 (Lebanon) Filastin, June 2, 2010 (Gaza-Hamas) Headline: “Washington is Preventing the Condemnation of the Flotilla Massacre.” Filastin, June 2, 2010 (Gaza-Hamas) Headline: “Washington is Preventing the Condemnation of the Flotilla Massacre.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 113 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 113 Okaz, May 30, 2010 (Saudi Arabia) Okaz, May 30, 2010 (Saudi Arabia) An-Nadwa, May 9, 2010 (Saudi Arabia) Netanyahu is saying: "The Palestinians impede the peace process!" An-Nadwa, May 9, 2010 (Saudi Arabia) Netanyahu is saying: "The Palestinians impede the peace process!" Ar-Raya, May 5, 2010 (Qatar) The figure represents Netanyahu. Ar-Raya, May 5, 2010 (Qatar) The figure represents Netanyahu. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 114 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 114 Filastin, May 1, 2010 (Palestinian Authority) Headline: “Displacement of Palestinians from their Lands.” Filastin, May 1, 2010 (Palestinian Authority) Headline: “Displacement of Palestinians from their Lands.” Ar-Rai, April 6, 2010 (Jordan) Ar-Rai, April 6, 2010 (Jordan) Al-Ghad, March 14, 2010 (Jordan) Al-Ghad, March 14, 2010 (Jordan) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 115 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 115 Ad-Dustur, March 9, 2010 (Jordan) Headline: “Israel Welcomes Mitchell.” Ad-Dustur, March 9, 2010 (Jordan) Headline: “Israel Welcomes Mitchell.” Al-Mustaqbal, February 25, 2010 (Lebanon) Headline: “Netanyahu and the Judaization of the Cave of the Patriarchs.” Al-Mustaqbal, February 25, 2010 (Lebanon) Headline: “Netanyahu and the Judaization of the Cave of the Patriarchs.” Al-Iqtisadiyya, February 17, 2010 (Saudi Arabia) Headline: "Netanyahu Demands to Impose Sanctions with Fangs on Iran.." Al-Iqtisadiyya, February 17, 2010 (Saudi Arabia) Headline: "Netanyahu Demands to Impose Sanctions with Fangs on Iran.." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 116 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 116 An-Nahar, January 22, 2010 (Lebanon) Headline: "Netanyahu Wants a Constant Presence in the (West) Bank." Netanyahu is Portrayed as the devil ("Satan-yahu"). An-Nahar, January 22, 2010 (Lebanon) Headline: "Netanyahu Wants a Constant Presence in the (West) Bank." Netanyahu is Portrayed as the devil ("Satan-yahu"). An-Nadwa, December 29, 2009 (Saudi Arabia) Netanyahu is saying: “I demand the Palestinians exterminate terror!” An-Nadwa, December 29, 2009 (Saudi Arabia) Netanyahu is saying: “I demand the Palestinians exterminate terror!” An-Nadwa, December 4, 2009 (Saudi Arabia) Headline: “The European Peace Concepts.” An-Nadwa, December 4, 2009 (Saudi Arabia) Headline: “The European Peace Concepts.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 117 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 117 Ruz al-Yusuf, November 24, 2009 (Egypt) Written in Obama's newspaper: "The Incident on the Fort Hood base". Netanyahu is saying: "I told you that Muslims are states of terrorists.." The figure holding the knife represents the killer of Marwa ashSharbini. It says: "Yes, old boy!" Ruz al-Yusuf, November 24, 2009 (Egypt) Written in Obama's newspaper: "The Incident on the Fort Hood base". Netanyahu is saying: "I told you that Muslims are states of terrorists.." The figure holding the knife represents the killer of Marwa ashSharbini. It says: "Yes, old boy!" Al-Hayat, November 20, 2009 (United Kingdom) Al-Hayat, November 20, 2009 (United Kingdom) Ad-Dustur, November 7, 2009 (Jordan) Netanyahu’s left muscle: “Ehud Barak”; Netanyahu’s right muscle: “Barak Obama.” Ad-Dustur, November 7, 2009 (Jordan) Netanyahu’s left muscle: “Ehud Barak”; Netanyahu’s right muscle: “Barak Obama.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 118 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 118 An-Nadwa, October 24, 2009 (Saudi Arabia) Abu Mazen is saying: "The Road Map!" Netanyahu is saying: "On the open road!" An-Nadwa, October 24, 2009 (Saudi Arabia) Abu Mazen is saying: "The Road Map!" Netanyahu is saying: "On the open road!" Al-Watan, July 12, 2009 (Qatar) Netanyahu is pointing a Menorahshaped gun at Obama. Written on the paper: “The Peace Process.” Al-Watan, July 12, 2009 (Qatar) Netanyahu is pointing a Menorahshaped gun at Obama. Written on the paper: “The Peace Process.” Ad-Dustur, July 11, 2009 (Jordan) Ad-Dustur, July 11, 2009 (Jordan) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 119 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 119 Akhbar al-‘Arab, June 19, 2009 (United Arab Emirates) Headline: “Netanyahu’s Hand Extended in Peace.” Akhbar al-‘Arab, June 19, 2009 (United Arab Emirates) Headline: “Netanyahu’s Hand Extended in Peace.” Ad-Dustur, June 17, 2009 (Jordan) Headline: "The Swine Flu Arrives at Jordan Simultaneously with Netanyahu's Speech!" Ad-Dustur, June 17, 2009 (Jordan) Headline: "The Swine Flu Arrives at Jordan Simultaneously with Netanyahu's Speech!" An-Nadwa, June 4, 2009 (Saudi Arabia) In Arabic: “Palestine.” An-Nadwa, June 4, 2009 (Saudi Arabia) In Arabic: “Palestine.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 120 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 120 Akhbar al-Khalij, May 21, 2009 (Bahrain) Headline: “Netanyahu in the White House.” The dog representing Netanyahu is saying: “I only came to talk.” Akhbar al-Khalij, May 21, 2009 (Bahrain) Headline: “Netanyahu in the White House.” The dog representing Netanyahu is saying: “I only came to talk.” Tishrin, May 20, 2009 (Syria) Headline: "Netanyahu's Initiatives…" Tishrin, May 20, 2009 (Syria) Headline: "Netanyahu's Initiatives…" Akhbar al-Khalij, May 6, 2009 (Bahrain) Netanyahu is saying: "Iran is a mutual danger that threatens Jews and Arabs." Netanyahu is written Natn-Yahu. "Natn" means "stench." Akhbar al-Khalij, May 6, 2009 (Bahrain) Netanyahu is saying: "Iran is a mutual danger that threatens Jews and Arabs." Netanyahu is written Natn-Yahu. "Natn" means "stench." Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 121 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 121 Al-Quds al-‘Arabi, April 30, 2009 (United Kingdom) Written in Arabic (from right to left): "Mad Cow," "Bird Flu," "Swine Flu!" Al-Quds al-‘Arabi, April 30, 2009 (United Kingdom) Written in Arabic (from right to left): "Mad Cow," "Bird Flu," "Swine Flu!" Al-Watan, April 27, 2009 (Qatar) Written in Arabic: "The Health Organization Warns of a Global Epidemic – The Swine Flu." Al-Watan, April 27, 2009 (Qatar) Written in Arabic: "The Health Organization Warns of a Global Epidemic – The Swine Flu." Al-Watan, April 9, 2009 (Qatar) Al-Watan, April 9, 2009 (Qatar) Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 122 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 122 Ad-Dustur, February 11, 2009 (Jordan) In Arabic: Netanyahu.” Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media Ad-Dustur, February 11, 2009 (Jordan) In Arabic: Netanyahu.” 123 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 123 Select List of Arab Media Outlets Select List of Arab Media Outlets Ad-Dustur (Jordan) — first issued on March 28, 1967, this government-owned daily expresses pro- Ad-Dustur (Jordan) — first issued on March 28, 1967, this government-owned daily expresses pro- Palestinian and anti-Israeli views. Editor in chief: Muhammad Hasan At-Tal. Palestinian and anti-Israeli views. Editor in chief: Muhammad Hasan At-Tal. Akhbar Al-'Arab (United Arab Emirates) — an independent daily published in Abu Dhabi. Akhbar Al-'Arab (United Arab Emirates) — an independent daily published in Abu Dhabi. Akhbar Al-Khalij (Bahrain) — first issued on February 1, 1976, this pro-government daily is Akhbar Al-Khalij (Bahrain) — first issued on February 1, 1976, this pro-government daily is Bahrain’s oldest and leading newspaper. Editor-in-chief is Anwar Moh'd Abd ar-Rahman. Bahrain’s oldest and leading newspaper. Editor-in-chief is Anwar Moh'd Abd ar-Rahman. Al-Ahram (Egypt) — an Egyptian daily controlled by the Egyptian government: the president Al-Ahram (Egypt) — an Egyptian daily controlled by the Egyptian government: the president appoints the editor. The editor (and the editors of the other government owned dailies, Al-Gumhuriyya appoints the editor. The editor (and the editors of the other government owned dailies, Al-Gumhuriyya and Al-Akhbar) is given substantial leeway in his editorial practices, assuming he avoids certain and Al-Akhbar) is given substantial leeway in his editorial practices, assuming he avoids certain “taboos.” Al-Ahram is the largest Arabic paper in the world and has established the Al-Ahram “taboos.” Al-Ahram is the largest Arabic paper in the world and has established the Al-Ahram Regional Press Institute. It was founded in 1875. Regional Press Institute. It was founded in 1875. Al-Ahram Al-‘Arabi (Egypt) — a weekly published by the Dar Al-Ahram publishing house. The Al-Ahram Al-‘Arabi (Egypt) — a weekly published by the Dar Al-Ahram publishing house. The editor-in-chief of the newspaper is Dr. 'Abd Al-'Ati Muhammad, and the chairman of the publishing editor-in-chief of the newspaper is Dr. 'Abd Al-'Ati Muhammad, and the chairman of the publishing house is Ibrahim Nafi, who is Al-Ahram’s editor in chief. Although both newspapers are published by house is Ibrahim Nafi, who is Al-Ahram’s editor in chief. Although both newspapers are published by the same publishing house, Al-Ahram and Al-Ahram Al-Arabi are different. The editorials in Al-Ahram the same publishing house, Al-Ahram and Al-Ahram Al-Arabi are different. The editorials in Al-Ahram are always supportive of government positions, while the editorials in Al-Ahram al-Arabi are critical of are always supportive of government positions, while the editorials in Al-Ahram al-Arabi are critical of the government and also other countries. The paper publishes very strong anti-Israeli views. the government and also other countries. The paper publishes very strong anti-Israeli views. Al-Ahram al-Masa’i (Egypt) — The editor-in-chief is Tariq Hasan and it is also published by the Al- Al-Ahram al-Masa’i (Egypt) — The editor-in-chief is Tariq Hasan and it is also published by the Al- Aharm publishing house. Aharm publishing house. Al-Ayyam (Palestinian Authority) — a government daily based primarily in Ramallah. The editor-in- Al-Ayyam (Palestinian Authority) — a government daily based primarily in Ramallah. The editor-in- chief is Akram Haniyya chief is Akram Haniyya Al-Ba’ath (Syria) — founded in 1946, it is a Ba’ath party publication which is state-owned. The Al-Ba’ath (Syria) — founded in 1946, it is a Ba’ath party publication which is state-owned. The editor-in-chief is 'Abd Al-Latif 'Umran. editor-in-chief is 'Abd Al-Latif 'Umran. Al-Bayan (United Arab Emirates) — owned by the Al-Bayan Foundation for Press, Printing and Al-Bayan (United Arab Emirates) — owned by the Al-Bayan Foundation for Press, Printing and Publication. The newspaper was founded in 1980 and the editor is Hasher Al-Mektom, a member of Publication. The newspaper was founded in 1980 and the editor is Hasher Al-Mektom, a member of the royal family. the royal family. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 124 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 124 Al-Ghad (Jordan) — an independent and privately sponsored mainstream daily. Today the paper is Al-Ghad (Jordan) — an independent and privately sponsored mainstream daily. Today the paper is less anti-Israel than it used to be. less anti-Israel than it used to be. Al-Gumhuriyya (Egypt) — a government-controlled daily. The editor-in-chief is Muhammad 'Ali Al-Gumhuriyya (Egypt) — a government-controlled daily. The editor-in-chief is Muhammad 'Ali Ibrahim. Ibrahim. Al-Hayat (Saudi Arabia) — a London-based pan-Arab daily, which reflects the general tone in the Al-Hayat (Saudi Arabia) — a London-based pan-Arab daily, which reflects the general tone in the Arab world and tends to publish scoops. Arab world and tends to publish scoops. Al-Hayat al-Jadida (Palestinian Authority) — the official Palestinian Authority daily. It was founded Al-Hayat al-Jadida (Palestinian Authority) — the official Palestinian Authority daily. It was founded in 1995 by Nabil 'Amr and Hafiz Al-Barghuthi, who is also the editor-in-chief. in 1995 by Nabil 'Amr and Hafiz Al-Barghuthi, who is also the editor-in-chief. Al-Ittihad (United Arab Emirates) — it was first issued on October 20, 1969. The editor-in-chief is Al-Ittihad (United Arab Emirates) — it was first issued on October 20, 1969. The editor-in-chief is Rashid Salih Al-'Arimi. It is a government daily, which emphasizes the government’s policy and its Rashid Salih Al-'Arimi. It is a government daily, which emphasizes the government’s policy and its achievements in domestic and foreign affairs. The paper publishes all kinds of news related to the achievements in domestic and foreign affairs. The paper publishes all kinds of news related to the Arab and Muslim arena. It has a wide network of correspondents in Arab countries and the west. The Arab and Muslim arena. It has a wide network of correspondents in Arab countries and the west. The paper is being published by Emirates Media (www.emi.ae). paper is being published by Emirates Media (www.emi.ae). Al-Jarida (Kuwait) — new daily established in coordination with the Kuwaiti Ministry of Information, Al-Jarida (Kuwait) — new daily established in coordination with the Kuwaiti Ministry of Information, which means that the paper is partially or fully state-controlled. The editor-in-chief is Khalid Hilal Al- which means that the paper is partially or fully state-controlled. The editor-in-chief is Khalid Hilal Al- Matiri. Matiri. Al-Jazira (Saudi Arabia) — very conservative, pro-Islamic. The paper has a limited circulation and is Al-Jazira (Saudi Arabia) — very conservative, pro-Islamic. The paper has a limited circulation and is not widespread in relation to the other Saudi papers. It was established in 1960. The editor-in-chief is not widespread in relation to the other Saudi papers. It was established in 1960. The editor-in-chief is Khalid Bin Hamd Al-Malik. Khalid Bin Hamd Al-Malik. Al-Khalij (United Arab Emirates) — The country’s largest Arabic language newspaper; it is Al-Khalij (United Arab Emirates) — The country’s largest Arabic language newspaper; it is privately-owned. It was founded in 1970. privately-owned. It was founded in 1970. Al-Mawqif Al-‘Arabi (Egypt) — A nationalist Egyptian political weekly, edited by Abd Al-'Azim Minaf Al-Mawqif Al-‘Arabi (Egypt) — A nationalist Egyptian political weekly, edited by Abd Al-'Azim Minaf who is considered to be a pro-Nasser supporter. Al-Mawqif Al-'Arabi is regarded as an opposition who is considered to be a pro-Nasser supporter. Al-Mawqif Al-'Arabi is regarded as an opposition paper dealing with the same issues as Al-Wafd. Al-Mawqif Al-'Arabi magazine expresses extreme paper dealing with the same issues as Al-Wafd. Al-Mawqif Al-'Arabi magazine expresses extreme anti-Israeli and anti-Semitic views. anti-Israeli and anti-Semitic views. Al-Mustaqbal (Lebanon) — a Lebanese daily established in 1995, owned by the deceased Rafiq Al- Al-Mustaqbal (Lebanon) — a Lebanese daily established in 1995, owned by the deceased Rafiq Al- Hariri. Hariri. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 125 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 125 Al-Quds (Palestinian Authority) — an opposition daily based in Jerusalem, which does not Al-Quds (Palestinian Authority) — an opposition daily based in Jerusalem, which does not contradict the government’s policy. It was founded in 1951 and the editor-in-chief is Walid Abu Zalaf. contradict the government’s policy. It was founded in 1951 and the editor-in-chief is Walid Abu Zalaf. Al-Usbu’ (Egypt) — an Egyptian opposition weekly. Editors-in-chief are Mustafa Bakri and Mahmud Al-Usbu’ (Egypt) — an Egyptian opposition weekly. Editors-in-chief are Mustafa Bakri and Mahmud Bakri. Bakri. Al-Wafd (Egypt) — Al-Wafd is the main opposition paper in Egypt. The paper criticizes the regime on Al-Wafd (Egypt) — Al-Wafd is the main opposition paper in Egypt. The paper criticizes the regime on a wide range of issues — from economy to internal and foreign policy. However, it is important to note a wide range of issues — from economy to internal and foreign policy. However, it is important to note that the criticism is only on subjects that are allowed by the regime. The paper is one of the most that the criticism is only on subjects that are allowed by the regime. The paper is one of the most acceptable tools of opposition activism, since the Egyptians see themselves as supporters of freedom acceptable tools of opposition activism, since the Egyptians see themselves as supporters of freedom of the press, and the paper is supposed to be concrete proof to this idea. Al-Wafd expresses extreme of the press, and the paper is supposed to be concrete proof to this idea. Al-Wafd expresses extreme anti-Israel and anti-Semitic views, in its articles and cartoons. Editors-in-chief are 'Adil Al-Qad and anti-Israel and anti-Semitic views, in its articles and cartoons. Editors-in-chief are 'Adil Al-Qad and 'Adil Sabri. 'Adil Sabri. Al-Watan (Oman) — the only privately owned daily — owned by a business group. It was established Al-Watan (Oman) — the only privately owned daily — owned by a business group. It was established in 1971, the editor-in-chief is Muhammad Ibn Sulaiman At-Tani.It enjoys high popularity and has a in 1971, the editor-in-chief is Muhammad Ibn Sulaiman At-Tani.It enjoys high popularity and has a circulation of 40,000. Although the daily is privately owned, the government has a right (by law) to circulation of 40,000. Although the daily is privately owned, the government has a right (by law) to censor materials. censor materials. Al-Watan (Qatar) — Al-Watan is one of the five Qatari dailies. Al-Watan’s chairman is Hamad bin Al-Watan (Qatar) — Al-Watan is one of the five Qatari dailies. Al-Watan’s chairman is Hamad bin Sahim Al Thani, a member of the royal family (all of the papers are owned by different branches of Sahim Al Thani, a member of the royal family (all of the papers are owned by different branches of the royal family). The Foreign Minister, Hamad Bin Jasim Bin Jabir Al Thani, owns half of the the royal family). The Foreign Minister, Hamad Bin Jasim Bin Jabir Al Thani, owns half of the newspaper. It was founded in 1995. newspaper. It was founded in 1995. Al-Watan (Saudi Arabia) — a daily owned by the governor of the Asir district. Al-Watan (Saudi Arabia) — a daily owned by the governor of the Asir district. Al-Wifaq (Iran) — published by IRNA (Islamic Republic News Agency); the newspaper is edited by Al-Wifaq (Iran) — published by IRNA (Islamic Republic News Agency); the newspaper is edited by Muceeb Naami and is based in Tehran. Muceeb Naami and is based in Tehran. Al-Yawm (Saudi Arabia) — a state-sponsored daily, established in 1965 and printed in the eastern Al-Yawm (Saudi Arabia) — a state-sponsored daily, established in 1965 and printed in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. It carries mainly local news covering that area. Head of the board is Ahmad region of Saudi Arabia. It carries mainly local news covering that area. Head of the board is Ahmad 'Abdallah Az-Zamil and the editor-in-chief is Muhammad 'Abdallah Al-Wail. 'Abdallah Az-Zamil and the editor-in-chief is Muhammad 'Abdallah Al-Wail. Arab News (Saudi Arabia) — The first English daily newspaper in Saudi Arabia. Published Arab News (Saudi Arabia) — The first English daily newspaper in Saudi Arabia. Published simultaneously from Jeddah, Riyadh and Dhahran. Established in 1975 by Saudi Research & simultaneously from Jeddah, Riyadh and Dhahran. Established in 1975 by Saudi Research & Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 126 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 126 Publishing Co. (SRPC). It is distributed to Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Bahrain, Publishing Co. (SRPC). It is distributed to Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, Oman, Near East, North Africa, Europe and the USA. ArabNews Online is published by Qatar, Oman, Near East, North Africa, Europe and the USA. ArabNews Online is published by ArabNews from its offices located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Editor in Chief is Mr. Khalid Al-Maina. ArabNews from its offices located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Editor in Chief is Mr. Khalid Al-Maina. Ar-Rai (Jordan) — first issued in 1971, it is a government daily which expresses the approaches of Ar-Rai (Jordan) — first issued in 1971, it is a government daily which expresses the approaches of the Jordanian regime. The editor-in-chief is 'Abd Al-Wahab Zaghilat. the Jordanian regime. The editor-in-chief is 'Abd Al-Wahab Zaghilat. Ar-Rai Al-‘Amm (Kuwait) — a leading Kuwaiti daily. It was founded in the 1960's and today it is Ar-Rai Al-‘Amm (Kuwait) — a leading Kuwaiti daily. It was founded in the 1960's and today it is known as "Ar-Rai". The editor-in-chief is Yusuf Ahmad Al-Jalahama. known as "Ar-Rai". The editor-in-chief is Yusuf Ahmad Al-Jalahama. Ar-Raya — a government-sponsored daily edited by Yusuf Muhammad Darwish and published Ar-Raya — a government-sponsored daily edited by Yusuf Muhammad Darwish and published through the Gulf Company, which belongs to the royal family. through the Gulf Company, which belongs to the royal family. Ar-Riyadh (Saudi Arabia) — A Saudi daily, one of the four principal Saudi papers (the three others Ar-Riyadh (Saudi Arabia) — A Saudi daily, one of the four principal Saudi papers (the three others are: Al-Madina, Al-Jazira and Al-Watan). The paper presents a relatively conservative attitude, while are: Al-Madina, Al-Jazira and Al-Watan). The paper presents a relatively conservative attitude, while emphasizing (as most of the Saudi papers) its praise of the Royal family. Generally, the Saudi emphasizing (as most of the Saudi papers) its praise of the Royal family. Generally, the Saudi government lays severe limitations on the freedom of press and has a strict censorship, even on the government lays severe limitations on the freedom of press and has a strict censorship, even on the foreign press that enters Saudi Arabia. Since the Saudi press is government-oriented, it concentrates foreign press that enters Saudi Arabia. Since the Saudi press is government-oriented, it concentrates on praising the Saudi Royal Family. Of course, opposition or independent newspapers do not exist in on praising the Saudi Royal Family. Of course, opposition or independent newspapers do not exist in Saudi Arabia. However, the London based Saudi press has more independent features. Saudi Arabia. However, the London based Saudi press has more independent features. Ash-Sharq (Qatar) — a daily newspaper edited and managed by Mr. 'Abd Al-Latif Al-Mahmud and Ash-Sharq (Qatar) — a daily newspaper edited and managed by Mr. 'Abd Al-Latif Al-Mahmud and part of the Ash-Sharq publishing and printing house. The Ash-Sharq house board is headed by one of part of the Ash-Sharq publishing and printing house. The Ash-Sharq house board is headed by one of the royal family members. the royal family members. Ash-Sharq Al-Awsat (Saudi Arabia) — A London-based pan-Arab daily which is sponsored by the Ash-Sharq Al-Awsat (Saudi Arabia) — A London-based pan-Arab daily which is sponsored by the Saudi government; it reflects the general tone in the Arab world and tends to publish scoops. It was Saudi government; it reflects the general tone in the Arab world and tends to publish scoops. It was founded in 1978. The editor-in-chief is Tariq Al-Humaid. founded in 1978. The editor-in-chief is Tariq Al-Humaid. Ash-Shams (Libya) — a government-sponsored daily that was founded by Mu'ammar Muhammad Ash-Shams (Libya) — a government-sponsored daily that was founded by Mu'ammar Muhammad Qaddafi in 1962. It became a daily newspaper in 1993. The editor-in-chief is Khalifa 'Umar Al-Bakbak. Qaddafi in 1962. It became a daily newspaper in 1993. The editor-in-chief is Khalifa 'Umar Al-Bakbak. Filastin (Gaza) — Affiliated with Hamas. It was first issued in May 2007. Filastin (Gaza) — Affiliated with Hamas. It was first issued in May 2007. Oman (Oman) — first issued in November 1972, it is a government affiliated paper. The editor-in- Oman (Oman) — first issued in November 1972, it is a government affiliated paper. The editor-in- chief is 'Abdallah Bin Nasir Ar-Rahabi. chief is 'Abdallah Bin Nasir Ar-Rahabi. Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 127 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 127 Syria News Website (Syria) — established in 2005, this website is affiliated with the Syrian regime. Syria News Website (Syria) — established in 2005, this website is affiliated with the Syrian regime. The editor-in-chief is Nidal Maluf. The editor-in-chief is Nidal Maluf. Tehran Times (Iran) — Iranian Foreign Ministry organ. Tehran Times (Iran) — Iranian Foreign Ministry organ. Tishrin (Syria) — a state-sponsored and owned newspaper, in which the journalists are appointed Tishrin (Syria) — a state-sponsored and owned newspaper, in which the journalists are appointed and instructed by the government (the English-language Syria Times is published by Tishrin as well). and instructed by the government (the English-language Syria Times is published by Tishrin as well). Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 128 Personalizing the Conflict: A Decade of an Assault on Israel’s Premiers in the Arab Media 128 ©2010 Anti-Defamation League Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved