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HITO TO MONO - SENSEI CORNER
HITO TO MONO BOOK 1 By Govind Bhardwaj COPYRIGHT DISCLAIMER : The copying, distributing or editing rights remain reserve with the author only. HITO TO MONO Foreword....................................................................................................................................................... 4 ABOUT THE AUTHOR..................................................................................................................................... 5 History of Japanese Language ....................................................................................................................... 6 JAPANESE ALPHABET .................................................................................................................................... 6 HIRAGANA SCRIPT ......................................................................................................................................... 6 WHAT IS HIRAGANA? ................................................................................................................................ 7 HIRAGANA CHART ..................................................................................................................................... 7 THE MUDDIED SOUNDS (Hiragana) .......................................................................................................... 7 COMBINED SOUNDS (Hiragana)................................................................................................................ 8 LONG VOWEL SOUND (Hiragana) ............................................................................................................. 8 DOUBLE CONSONANT ............................................................................................................................... 9 KATAKANA SCRIPT......................................................................................................................................... 9 WHAT IS KATAKANA? ................................................................................................................................ 9 KATAKANA CHART..................................................................................................................................... 9 LONG VOWEL SOUND (KATAKANA) ........................................................................................................ 10 THE SMALL 「ア、イ、ウ、エ、オ」 (KATAKANA) ............................................................................ 10 NUMBERS (KAZU)........................................................................................................................................ 11 KISUU (Cardinal Numbers) ...................................................................................................................... 11 JOSUU (Ordinal Numbers) ....................................................................................................................... 12 KANJI FOR NUMBERS .............................................................................................................................. 13 CHIGATTA SHURUI NO MONO O KAZOERU (Count different things)..................................................... 15 TIME (JIKAN)................................................................................................................................................ 16 NAN JI DESU KA (What is the time?) ....................................................................................................... 16 KANJI FOR TIME ...................................................................................................................................... 17 THE WEATHER AND SEASONS (TENKI, KISETSU) ......................................................................................... 18 MONTHS & DAYS (TSUKI, KISETSU) ............................................................................................................. 19 KANJI FOR MONTH .................................................................................................................................. 19 Days of the week (Yobi) .............................................................................................................................. 21 KANJI FOR WEEKDAYS ............................................................................................................................. 22 Greetings and Expressions .......................................................................................................................... 24 GENERAL GREETINGS .............................................................................................................................. 24 HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 2 HITO TO MONO WEATHER ................................................................................................................................................ 25 BED TIME................................................................................................................................................. 26 FOOD TALK .............................................................................................................................................. 26 FEELINGS ................................................................................................................................................. 28 COMMON PHRASES AT HOME................................................................................................................ 31 CLASSROOM EXPRESSIONS ..................................................................................................................... 32 GREETINGS FOR THE BEGINNING OF LESSON ..................................................................................... 34 KANJI FOR SCHOOL & STUDIES ........................................................................................................... 35 INTRODUCING YOURSELF ....................................................................................................................... 36 SOLVING A MISUNDERSTANDING ........................................................................................................... 37 ASKING FOR HELP.................................................................................................................................... 38 Family Members (Kazoku, Ke)................................................................................................................. 41 KANJI FOR FAMILY & HUMANS ............................................................................................................... 43 In a House ................................................................................................................................................... 44 KOTOBA (Dictionary) ................................................................................................................................... 46 DOUBUTSU NO KOTOBA (Animal Vocabulary) ....................................................................................... 46 OBJECTS................................................................................................................................................... 46 BASHO TO BIRU (Places & Buildings) ...................................................................................................... 50 TURANSOPOTO TO TORABE (Transport & Travel) .................................................................................. 50 TABETTE (Eating) ..................................................................................................................................... 51 FOOD ....................................................................................................................................................... 51 PARTS OF BODY....................................................................................................................................... 53 HOO (DIRECTIONS) .................................................................................................................................. 53 KANJI FOR DIRECTIONS ........................................................................................................................... 56 HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 3 HITO TO MONO Foreword Japanese is considered to be “the second hardest language in the world”. Studying this Asian language is really a fun. Mixed with the pattern of pictures and syllables, the writing and ponounincing system of the language, gives it a standard among language scholars. Japan, the country, rich for its flora,fauna, automobile technology and the cars and lat but not least or its heritage and culture, which somewhere or somehow resembles with us. I have tried to put in my best in this brie book, which either may be taken as a refrence for non native Japanese speaker or the person preparing for N1 exam or anyboy who wish to learn this wonderful language Author HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 4 HITO TO MONO ABOUT THE AUTHOR Hi, I am Govind Bhardwaj. I am N3 certified Japanese trainer. I began my career with a tiles manufacturing company and further on moved to a customer relationship profile with a very repute telecom brand of the country. For working about eight years I decided to be in the field o education and training as in tese proessional years I have got a very good exposure to the learning industry and more or less this profile attracted me. So, here I am with one of my efforts to make something easy or you can say this is an effort to write textbooks which is never complete without your feedback & support. So request you to be connected and response this book to be As of now, I am taking training classes for engineering students and Language classes for school students. Look to have another milestone in my life. I heartily present this book to you. Thanks !!! Hope for your Support. HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 5 HITO TO MONO ABOUT THE LANGUAGE History of Japanese Language Historical linguists agree that Japanese is a Japonic language, but do not agree further about the origin of the Japanese language; there are several competing theories: Japanese is a relative of extinct languages spoken by historic cultures in what are now the Korean peninsula and Manchuria. The best attested of these is the language of Goguryeo (a.k.a. Koguryo), with the less-attested languages of Baekje (a.k.a. Paekche) and Buyeo (a.k.a Puyo) hypothesized to also be related, because of all these cultures' historic ties. Japanese is a relative of other Asian languages. This theory maintains that Japanese split from or had large influences from - other East Asian languages such as Korean (and possibly the SinoTibetan languages). JAPANESE ALPHABET The Japanese alphabet is usually referred to as kana, specifically hiragana and katakana. While the Hiragana consists of 48 syllables, it is a phonetic alphabet where each alphabetic combination represents just a single sound. Thus any Japanese word can be written in a way that can be read without having to remember how the word is pronounced. So the Japanese kana are much simpler, the way something is written is the way it sounds. There is also Kanji, a Japanese system of writing based on borrowed or slightly modified Chinese characters. HIRAGANA SCRIPT HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 6 HITO TO MONO WHAT IS HIRAGANA? Hiragana is the basic Japanese phonetic alphabet. It represents every sound in the Japanese language. Therefore, you can theoretically write everything in hiragana. However, because Japanese is written with no spaces, this will create nearly indecipherable text.Here is a table of hiragana and similar-sounding English consonant-vowel pronunciations. It is read up to down and right to left, which is how most Japanese books are written. In Japanese, writing the strokes in the correct order and direction is important, especially for kanji. Because handwritten letters look slightly different from typed letters (just like how 'a' looks totally different when typed) you will want to find a source such as a website or textbook that will show you how to write the characters. I must also stress the importance of correctly learning how to pronounce each sound. Since every word in Japanese is composed of these sounds, learning an incorrect pronunciation for a letter can severely damage the very foundation on which your pronunciation lies. HIRAGANA CHART EN a i u e o ha hi fu he ho JP あ い う え お は ひ ふ へ ほ EN ka ki ku ke ko ma mi mu me mo JP か き く け こ ま み む め も EN sa shi su se so ya JP さ し す せ そ や yu ゆ yo よ EN ta chi tsu te to ra ri ru re ro JP た ち つ て と ら り る れ ろ EN na ni nu ne no wa wi n we wo JP な に ぬ ね の わ ゐ ん ゑ を THE MUDDIED SOUNDS (Hiragana) Once you memorize all the characters in the hiragana alphabet you're done learning the alphabet but not all the sounds. There are five more possible consonant sounds that are possible by either affixing two tiny lines similar to a double quotation mark called dakuten(濁点） or a tiny circle called handakuten 半濁点. This essentially creates a "muddy" or less clipped version of the consonant (technically called a voiced consonant or 「濁り」, which literally means to become muddy). All the possible combinations of muddied consonant sounds are given in the table below. HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 7 HITO TO MONO EN gu ge go JP ぐ げ ご EN zu ze zo JP ず ぜ ぞ EN zu de do JP づ で ど EN bu be bo JP ぶ べ ぼ EN pu pe po JP ぷ ぺ ぽ COMBINED SOUNDS (Hiragana) The Small 「や」、「ゆ」、and 「よ」 You can also combine a consonant with a / ya / yu / yo / sound by attaching a small 「や」、「ゆ」、 or 「よ」 to the / i / vowel character of each consonant. EN kya kyu kyo gya gya gyo rya JP きゃ きゅ きょ ぎゃ ぎゅ ぎょ りゃ EN sha shu sho ja ju jo ryu JP しゃ しゅ しょ じゃ じゅ じょ りゅ EN cha chu cho nya nyu nyo ryu JP ちゃ ちゅ ちょ にゃ にゅ にょ りょ EN hya hyu hyo bya byu byo (ja) JP ひゃ ひゅ ひょ びゃ びゅ びょ ぢゃ EN pya pyu pyo mya my myo (ju) JP ぴゃ ぴゅ ぴょ みゃ みゅ みょ ぢゅ LONG VOWEL SOUND (Hiragana) The Long Vowel Sound Whew! You‘re almost done. In this last portion, we will go over the long vowel sound which is simply extending the duration of a vowel sound. You can extend the vowel sound of a character by adding either 「あ」、「い」、or 「う」 depending on the vowel in accordance to the following chart. Extending Vowel Vowel Sound Extended by /a/ あ /i/e/ い /u/o/ う Sounds For example, if you wanted to create an extended vowel sound from 「か」, you would add 「あ」 to create 「かあ」.Other examples would include: 「き→ きい」, 「く→ くう」, 「け→ けい」, 「こ → こう」, 「さ→ さあ」 and so on. The reasoning for this is quite simple. Try saying 「か」 and 「あ」 HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 8 HITO TO MONO separately. Then say them in succession as fast as you can. You‘ll notice that soon enough, it just sounds like you’re dragging out the / ka / for a longer duration than just saying / ka / by itself. DOUBLE CONSONANT The Small 「つ」 A small 「つ」 is inserted between two characters to carry the consonant sound of the second character to the end of the first. For example, if you inserted a small 「つ」 between 「び」 and 「く」 to make 「びっく」, the / k / consonant sound is carried back to the end of the first character to produce “bikku”. Similarly, 「はっぱ」 becomes “happa”, 「ろっく」becomes "rokku" and so on and so forth. KATAKANA SCRIPT WHAT IS KATAKANA? Like Hiragana, Katkana is also the Japanese phonetic alphabet. It represents those sounds which can not be formed in Japanese language. KATAKANA CHART EN a i u e o ha hi fu he ho JP ア イ ウ エ オ ハ ヒ フ ヘ ホ EN Ka Ki ku ke ko ma mi mu me mo JP カ キ ク ケ コ マ ミ ム メ モ EN sa shi su se so ya JP サ シ ス セ ソ ヤ ヨ EN ta chi tsu te to ra ri ru re ro JP タ チ ツ テ ト ラ リ ル レ ロ EN na ni nu ne no wa (wi) n (we) (w)o JP ナ ニ ヌ ネ ノ ワ ヰ ン ヱ ヲ yu ユ yo EN ga gi gu JP ガ ギ グ EN za ji zu JP ザ ジ ズ EN da ji zu JP ダ ヂ ヅ EN ba bi bu JP バ ビ ブ EN pa pi pu JP パ ピ プ HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 9 HITO TO MONO ge go kya kyu kyo gya gya gyo rya ゲ ゴ キャ キュ キョ ギャ ギュ ギョ リャ ze zo sha shu sho ja ju jo ryu ゼ ゾ シャ シュ ショ ジャ ジュ ジョ リュ de do cha chu cho nya nyu nyo ryu デ ド チャ チュ チョ ニャ ニュ ニョ リョ be bo hya hyu hyo bya byu byo (ja) ベ ボ ヒャ ヒュ ヒョ ビャ ビュ ビョ ヂャ pe po pya pyu pyo mya my myo (ju) ペ ポ ピャ ピュ ピョ ミャ ミュ ミョ ヂュ LONG VOWEL SOUND (KATAKANA) Everything else works exactly the same way as Hiragana, you just need to substitute the equivalent Katakana characters. However, one thing that is different is that long vowels have been radically simplified in Katakana. Instead of having to muck around thinking about vowel sounds, all long vowel sounds are denoted by a simple dash like so: ー. 1. All long vowel sounds in Katakana are. denoted by a dash. For example, “cute“ would be written in Katakana like so: キュート」. THE SMALL 「ア、イ、ウ、エ、オ」 (KATAKANA) Due to the limitations of the sound set in Hiragana, some new combinations have been devised over the years to account for sounds that were not originally in Japanese. Most notable is the lack of the / ti / di / and / tu / du / sounds (because of the / chi / tsu / sounds), and the lack of the / f / consonant sound except for 「ふ」. The / sh / j / ch / consonants are also missing for the / e / vowel sound. The decision to resolve these deficiencies was to add small versions of the five vowel sounds. This has also been done for the / w / consonant sound to replace the obsolete characters. In addition, the convention of using the little double slashes on the 「ウ」vowel (ヴ) with the small 「ア、イ、エ、オ」 to designate the / v / consonant has also been established but it‘s not often used probably due to the fact that Japanese people still have difficulty pronouncing / v /. For instance, while you may guess that “volume” would be pronounced with a / v / sound, the Japanese have opted for the easier to pronounce “bolume” (ボリュ ーム). In the same way, vodka is written as “wokka” (ウォッカ) and not 「ヴォッカ」. You can write “violin” as either 「バイ オリン」or 「ヴァイオリン」. It really doesn't matter however because almost all Japanese people will pronounce it with a / b / sound anyway. HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 10 HITO TO MONO NUMBERS (KAZU) The Japanese is rich in numbers. It uses Japanese numbers and Chinese Numbers. And it uses a system of Classifiers or “counters” as well. This means that when you count things, you first have to classify them according to what they are, or by their size or shape. For example to count pencils, bottles or trees you will have different counters. KISUU (Cardinal Numbers) Chinese Origin (Romaji) Kana Numbers (Roman) Japanese Origin (Romaji) Kana Kanji Ichi イチ 1 Hitostu ひと-つ 一 Ni ニ 2 Futatsu ふた-つ 二 San サン 3 Mittsu みい-つ 三 Shi/yon シ 4 Yottsu よ-つ 四 Go ゴ 5 Itsutsu いつ-つ 五 Roku ロク 6 Muttsu む-つ 六 Shichi シチ 7 Nanatsu なな-つ 七 Hachi ハチ 8 Yattsu や-つ 八 Ku/kyu ク/キュ 9 Kokonotsu ここの-つ 九 Ju/jyu ジュ/ジ ュウ 10 tou とう 十 HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 11 HITO TO MONO *The counting of Japanese origin stops at 10 while the counting in Chinese origin, continues indefinitely. Now, to form numbers after 10 in Japanese origin, you have to follow some simple steps. If we write 11 as “10 + 1” it would not make any difference but for us it will be easier to write as : To write 11, We shall combine 10 and 1 that will be ju+ichi=juichi In the same manner to write 20 we shall say 10+10, remember as the value goes above ten, just count the No. of ten in the value and prefix that number before ten. Ex: 20= 10+10 , so here we have 2 ten, so to write 20 we shall write 2x10 = niju With 100,hyaku, the pattern remains the same but there is some change in sound. 100 200 300 400 Hyaku Ni hyaku San hyaku Yon hyaku 500 600 700 800 go hyaku roppyaku nana hyaku happyaku 900 kyu hyaku 1000 sen 2000 ni sen 3000 san zen 4000 5000 6000 7000 yon sen go sen roku sen nana sen 8000 hassen 9000 kyu sen Japanese uses 10,000 as a counting unit. Each unit is called man. So 10,000 is ichi man, 20,000 is ni man, 100,000 is ju man, 200,000 is ni ju man. 1,000,000 is hyaku man (100 units of 10,000). This continues until 100,000,000, ichi oku JOSUU (Ordinal Numbers) Roman First Romaji Ichi ban me Kana いち ばん め Second Ni ban me に ばん め Third San ban me さん ばん め Fourth Yon ban me よん ばん め Fifth Go ban me ご ばん め Roman Sixth Romaji Roku ban me Kana ろく ばん め Seventh Nana ban me なな ばん め Eighth Hachi ban me はち ばん め Ninth Kyu ban me く ばん め Kanji 一 二 三 四 五 Kanji 六 七 八 九 HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 12 HITO TO MONO Tenth Ju ban me じゅ ばん め 十 KANJI FOR NUMBERS The Third script (Kanji, as told earlier) is given below for numbers. They have two readings viz kunyomi & onyomi and both are used for reading in different conditions as if there is single kanji in hiragana sentence or with hiragana word we read it by its kunyomi or if there are two or more kanji together it is さんがつ read by its onyomi. Example: ” 一つ”shall be read as“hitotsu”i.e.by kunyomi while “ 三月 ” shall be read as “sangatsu”i.e. onyomi But in every case we have to make sure that pronounciation should be conserved as well meaning should not violate. Example 五 (means “go”) but it cannot be used as suffix to any word Kanji Onyomi Kunyomi Meaning Example ひとり 一 いち ひと－つ one 一人 二 ニ ふたーつ two 二人 三 さん みっーつ three 四 し よん よっーつ four 四季 五 ご いつーつ five 五分 六 ろく むっーつ むい six 七 しち ななーつ なの seven 八 はち やっー よう eight 九 きゅう く ここのーつ nine ふたり さんがつ 三月 しき ごふん － alone － couple － March － four seasons － five minutes HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 13 HITO TO MONO 十 じゅう じゅーっ と とう ten 百 ひゃく もも hundred 千 せん ち thousand 万 ばん まん よろず ten thousand; HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 14 HITO TO MONO CHIGATTA SHURUI NO MONO O KAZOERU (Count different things) HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 15 HITO TO MONO TIME (JIKAN) NAN JI DESU KA (What is the time?) To express time in Japanese, we shall combine the cardinal numbers with the time suffixes. Time Suffixes Romaji ~Ji Part Hour Kana ~じ Minutes ~Pun/fun ~ぷん/ふん A.M. ~Gozen ~ごぜん P.M. ~Gogo ~ごご Past or After ~Sugi ~すぎ To or before ~mae ~まえ Half ~han ~はん Kanji 時 分 午前 後午 後 前 半 To express the hours we will suffix ~ji after the cardinal number and to express minute we shall suffix ~pun/fun after the cardinal number. For example: to say 1’o clock is ichi ji to say 2’o clock is ni ji To say minutes: 1 minute is ichi pun 2 minute is ni pun * Please not that ~pun is suffixed with all the numbers except the number ending with 5 ,as 5,15,25,35,45,55. For the numbers ending with 5, ~fun shall be used. A.M. and P.M. shall always be prefixed before time while expressing the timein japanese. As it will be A.M. 5:05 --- gozen go ji go fun desu HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 16 HITO TO MONO KANJI FOR TIME Kanji Onyomi Kunyomi 午 Meaning Example しょうご ご Noon 前 ぜん まえ before; in front of; 午前 － before previous noon; morning 後 ご こう うし(ろ) behind; after のち あと 時 じ とき time; hour counter 時間 かん けん あいだ ま interval space room time 分 ぶん ふん part share; minute わーける counter; to divide わかーる separate; to understand 半 はん なかーば Half 正午 － noon ごぜん 間 ごご 午後 － afternoon じかん － さんじかん 三時間 － a period of three hours はんぶん 半分 － きょう こんにち 今 こん きん いま now the present time 今日 today half － HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 17 HITO TO MONO THE WEATHER AND SEASONS (TENKI, KISETSU) English Winter Cold Very Cold Snowy Spring Warm Sunny Summer Hot Humid Hot & Humid Beautiful Day Romaji Fuyu Samui Totemo Samui Yuki Haru Atatakai Hi ga tette Natsu Atsui Shikke ga takai Mushiatsui tenki Kana ふゆ さむい とても さむい ゆき はる あたたかい ひがてtて なあつ あつい しつけ が たかい むしあつい てんき English Rainy Stormy Fall Cool Foggy Light morning Day Afternoon Evening Dark night Romaji Ame Arashi Aki Suzushi Kiri Akarui asa Hiruma Gogo Yugata Kurai yoru Kana あめ あらし あき すずし きり あかるい あさ ひるま ごご ゆがた くらい よる HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 18 HITO TO MONO MONTHS & DAYS (TSUKI, KISETSU) English Romaji Kana Kanji January Ichi Gatsu いち がつ February Ni Gatsu に がつ March San Gatsu さん がつ April Yon Gatsu よん がつ May Go Gatsu ご がつ June Roku Gatsu ろく がつ July Shichi Gatsu しち がつ August Hachi Gatsu はち がつ September Kyou Gatsu くう がつ October Jyu Gatsu じゅ がつ November Juichi Gatsu じゅいち がつ December Juni Gatsu じゅに がつ 一月 二月 三月 四月 五月 六月 七月 八月 九月 十月 十一月 十二月 KANJI FOR MONTH げつようび 月曜日 がつ おつきさま 月 つき month names; other times; moon; month お月さま げつ いっかげつ 一ヶ月 － Monday － the Moon － a month Hinichi (Days of the Month) Day of the Month 1st Romaji Tsuitachi Kana ついたち nd Futsuka ふつか rd Mikka みつか th Yukka ゆつか 2 3 4 Kanji 一日 二日 三日 四日 HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 19 HITO TO MONO 5th Itsuka いつか 五日 Day of the Month 6th Romaji Muika Kana むいか Kanji 7 Nanoka なのか 8th Youka ようか Kokonoka ここのか Touka とうか th th 9 th 10 Day of the Month 11th Romaji Juichi nichi 12th 六日 七日 八日 九日 十日 Juni nichi Kana Kanji じゅいち に 十一日 ち じゅに にち 十二日 th Juyokka じゅよつか th 20 Hatsuka 24th nijuyokka 14 十四日 はつか 二十日 にじゅつか 二十四日 For days not in this list, use cardinal numbers you have learned and add –nichi at the end (as in 11th and 12th above). HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 20 HITO TO MONO Days of the week (Yobi) Sunday Nichi yobi Saturday Do yobi Monday Getsu Yobi Friday Kin yobi Tuesday Ka Yobi Thrusday Moku Yobi Wednesday Sui Yobi HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 21 HITO TO MONO Kino Yesterday Kyou Today Ashita Tomorrow Mada still,yet Itsumo always Mo also, too KANJI FOR WEEKDAYS Kanji Onyomi Kunyomi じつ 日 にち Meaning Example にちようび ひ か sun; day; day counter suffix 日曜日 おひさま お日さま げつようび がつ 月 げつ 月曜日 つき month names; other times; moon; month おつきさま お月さま いっかげつ 一ヶ月 かようび 火 か ひ fire; light 火曜日 はなび 花火 水 すい 木 もく ぼく きん 金 こん 土 ど と Water き tree; wood － 水曜日 もくようび 木曜日 きんようび かね つち gold metal; money earth; ground; soil Sunday － the Sun － Monday － the Moon － a month － すいようび みず － 金曜日 おかねもち お金もち Tuesday fire works － Wednesday － Thursday － Friday － the rich どようび 土曜日 ー Saturday HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 22 HITO TO MONO 年 ねん year year counter とし 週 SHUU - Week 年 NEN toshi Year 毎 MAI - each, every いちねん 一年 ことし 今年 － － a year this year (Calender for the Month of September 2014) HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 23 HITO TO MONO Greetings and Expressions Here is the list of all common greetings and expressions those are used in general. The list is category wise. GENERAL GREETINGS English Romaji Kana/Kanji Nice to meet you hajimemashite はじめまして Good morning. Ohayou gozaimasu. おはよう ございます。 Good day Konnichiwa こんにちわ Good night Konbawa こんばわ Goodbye Sayounara そようなら Sleep well Oyasuminasai おやすみなさい See you soon Dewa mata でわ また See you in a moment Ja atode じゃ あとで See you tomorow mata ashita また あした Have a nice trip Ii riyoko wo shite ne いい りよこ を して ね Get back safe Kaeri ni ha ki wo tsukete ne かえり に は き を つけ てね HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 24 HITO TO MONO Have a nice weekend Tanoshii shumatsu wo たのしい しゅまつ を How are you ? Genki desu ka げんき です か I’m super fine Totemo genki desu. とても げんき です。 I’m fine to Watashi mo genki. わたし も げんき。 So so Maa maa まあ まあ I don’t feel well Genki ja nai. げんき じゃ ない WEATHER What is the weather today ? Kyou ha donna tenki desu ka ? きょう は どんな てん き です か It’s a nice day ii tenki da ! いい てんき だ ！ It’s sunny Harete iru はれて いる It’ rainy Ame ga furu. あめ が ふる。 It looks like it will rain soon sugu ame ga furisou da. すぐ あめ が ふりそう だ。 There’s alot of wind Kaze ga tsuyoi. かぜ が つよい。 It’s cloudy Kumori desu. くもり です。 Kaminari ga natte imasu. かみなり が な t て い ます。 There’s a storm coming HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 25 HITO TO MONO わるいい てんき です It’s a bad weather waruii tenki desu It’s snowing Yuki ga futte imasu ゆき が ふ t て います It’s warm outside Soto ha atatakai そと は あたたかい It’s freezing cold sugoi samui ! すごい さむい ！ It is too hot. I'll die with this humidity. Atsusugiru. Kono shikke ha yabai, shinugurai アつすぎる。 この しつけ は やばい、 しぬぐらい BED TIME It’s time to get up ! Okiru jikan desu yo ! おきる じかん です よ！ Get up already ! Hayaku okinasai ! はやく おきなさい ！ Did you sleep well ? yoku nemureta ? よく ねむれた ？ No, I couldn’t fall asleep iya, nemurenakatta いや、 ねむれなかつた kowai yumei wo mita no こわい ゆめい を みた の I had a nightmare FOOD TALK When you start to eat Itadakimasu. いだきます。 I’m hungry, is dinner ready ? Onaka suita, bangohan ha dekita ? おなか すいた、 ばんご はん は できた ？ It’s time to eat breakfast Asa gohan no jikan da ! あさ ごはん の じかん だ！ Did you brush your teeth ? Ha wo migaita ? は を みがいた ？ HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 26 HITO TO MONO I’m thirsty No ga kawaita はお が かわいた You drink something ? Nanika nomimasu ka. はあにか のみます か。 What’s the speciality of this region ? Kono en no tokubetsu ryori ha nan desu ka ? この えん の とくべつ りょり は なん です か？ I want to eat sushi shushi wo tabetai desu しゅし を たべたい で す Cheers ! Kanpai ! かんぱいです ！ It’s delicious! Oishii desu ! おいしい ！ Okawarii ikaga desu ka ? おかわりい いかが です か？ My stomach is full Onaka ga ippai desu おなか が いつぱい で す I love sweets Amai mono ga suki あまい もの が すき Acid Suppai すつぱい salty Shoppai しょつぱい salt Shyou しょう bitter Nigai にがい Do you need a refill ? HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 27 HITO TO MONO FEELINGS Yes Hai はい No Iie いいえ Of course Mochiron もちろん Maybe Tabun たぶん With pleasure Yorokonde よろこんで Sorry gomen nasai ごめん なさい Please Yoroshikereba よろしければ Thanks arigatou ありがとう No, thank you Iie, kekko desu. あいえ、 け k こ です。 I can’t dekinai できない Excuse me shitsurei sumimasen しつれい すみません Congrats ! Omedetou ! おめでとう ！ It’s good ii desu いい です Amazing subarashii すばらしい Awesome Sugoi すごい Perfect kanpeki かんぺき I really like Japan Nihon ga totemo suki desu にほん が とても すき です I’m fond of sushi sushi ga daisuki すし が だいすき I love you anata wo aishiteimasu あなた を あいしていま す I don’t really like spicy food karai ryori ga amari suki ja nai. からい りょり が あま HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 28 HITO TO MONO り すき じゃ ない。 I hate it Kirai da きらい だ I really hate it Daikirai da だいきらい だ Too bad Zannen desu ざんねん です Finally ! Yatto ! やつと ！ It’s a good idea Sore ha ii kangae da それ は いい かんがえ だ Poor guy/girl Kawaisou ni かわいそう に It’s so sad nanto kanashii なんと かなしい You are not lucky un ga warui desu ne うん が わるい です ね No doubt about it Tashika ni たしか に I understood Wakarimashita わかりました I don’t understand wakarimasen わかりません I know shiteimasu しています I don’t know shiranai しらない As you like Osuki na youni おすき な ように No, it’s not possible Iie, sore ha fukanou desu. いいえ、 それ は ふか のう です。 It’s bothering me Komarimasu こまります Stop it Yamete やめて Don’t do that Sore ha suru na それ は する な I give you my word Yakusoku da やくそく だ HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 29 HITO TO MONO It’ ok, don’t worry daijobu desu だいじょぶ です No need to worry shinpai ha iranai / shinpai suru na しんぱい は いらない / しんぱい する な Trust me shinjite kudasai しんじて ください I forgot wasureta わすれた I remember oboeteimasu おぼえています Watch out ! Abunai ! あぶない ！ Take care Ki wo tsukete き を つけて It’s your fault anata no sei da あなた の せい だ It’s a lie Uso da うそ だ It’s a mistake machigai desu まちがい です I’m happy ureshii desu うれしい です I’m very happy Shiawase da しわせ だ Nice Suteki すてき Well done yokatta よか t た I’m unhappy ureshikunai うれしくない I’m annoyed fuman desu ふまん です I’m angry Okotteimasu おこつています It annoys me Iraira shiteimasu あらいら しています It’s beautiful Kirei (or stronger きれい Wonderful Subarashii すばらしい I was surprised Bikkuri shita びつくり した HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 30 HITO TO MONO No way uso mitai うそ みたい Are you kidding ? jodaan deshou ? じょだあん でしょう And ? Sore de ? それ で ？ I don’t care doudemo ii どうでも いい I’m afraid Kowai こわい I’m anxious Fuan desu ふあん です I’m nervous Iraira suru あらいら する I’m frustrated kitai hazure きたい はずれ I’m jealous Zurui ずるい I’m disapointed shistubou shiteiru しつうぼう している I’m so stupid Nante watashi ha baka nanda なんて わたし は ばか なんだ I’m in a bad mood Kigen ga waruii きげん が わるいい It’s boring tsumaranai つまらない Get well odaijini おだいじに COMMON PHRASES AT HOME I’m leaving, bye What are you doing today ? Itte kimasu. Jaa ne. いつて きます。 じゃあ ね。 きょう は なに を する kyou ha nani wo suruno ? の What should I wear ? Nani wo kiyou kashira ? I’m late ! Okorete iru ! Hurry up ! isoide ! なに を きよう かしら オこれて いる ！ いそいで ！ HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 31 HITO TO MONO I’m home Tadaima Welcome back Okaerinasai How was your day ? kyou ha dou datta no ? I’m tired Tsukareta. I’m taking a shower Shawa wo abiru. Please, help me Tetsudate kudasai Clean the room souji wo shite kudasai Let’s go outside dekakeyou ただいま オかえりなさい きょう は どう だつた の つかれた。 しゃわ を あびる。 てつだて ください そうじ を して くださ い でかけよう CLASSROOM EXPRESSIONS English Expression Thank you very much Yes ( I agree) No ( I disagree) Teacher! Teacher Mr. Sakai Excuse me/Sorry Thank you. I apologise English Expression Please come in BASICS Romaji do u mo a ri ga to u ha i iie se n se i Sa ka i se n se i su mi ma se n go me n na sa i a ri ga to u ACTIONS Romaji hait te ku da sa i Kana どうもありがとう はい いいえ せんせい さかいせんせい すみません ごめんなさい ありがとう Kana はいってください HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 32 HITO TO MONO Please go out Stand up please Sit down please Look please Listen please Say it please Write it please Read it please Stop it please Come here please Hands up please English Expression Please give out Please collect Please remember Please tidy up Be quiet please Please open the windows Wait please Take the pen please Put the pen down please Close the door please Open the books please English Expression Yes, Mr. Sakai Here de te ku da sa i tat te ku da sa i su wat te ku da sa i mi te ku da sa i ki i te ku da sa i it te ku da sa i ka i te ku da sa i yo n de ku da sa i ya me te ku da sa i kit e ku da sa i te wo a get e ku da sa i でてください たってください すわってください みてください きいてください いってください かいてください よんでください やめてください きてください てをあげてください ACTIONS Romaji ku bat te ku da sa i a tsu me te ku da sa i o bo e te ku da sa i ka ta zu ke te ku da sa i: shi zu ka ni shi te ku da sa i: Ma do o a ke te ku da sa i: Kana くばってください あつめてください おぼえてください かたづけてください しずかにしてください まどをあけてください mat te kudasai: pe n wo mot te kudasai: pe n wo oite kudasai: まってください ペンをもってください ペンをおいてください do a wo shimete kudasai: ドアをしめてください ノートをあけてくださ い no o to wo akete kudasai: ACTIONS Romaji Sakai ha i se n se i: hai imasu: Kana はい、せんせい はい、います HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 33 HITO TO MONO be absent not here やすみです いません ya su mi de su: i ma se n: GREETINGS FOR THE BEGINNING OF LESSON Good afternoon all. mi na sa n, ko n ni chi wa: みなさん、こんにちは Good afternoon teacher. se n se i, ko n ni chi wa: せんせい、こんにちは How are you? I am fine(thank you). o ge n ki de su ka: おげんきですか ha i, ge n ki de su: はい、げんきです ha i ,o ka ge sa ma de: はい、おかげさまで Amazing Excellent! I’m Good When you are ready? Bad! I don’t understand May I drink water? May I go to toilet? May I drink soft drink? What is it? (in) English (in) Japanese answer(s) su go i: すごい su ba ra shi i: すばらしい ma a ma a de su: まあまあです i i de su ka: いいですか da me de su だめです wa ka ri ma se n わかりません mi zu o no n de mo i i de su ka みずをのんでもいいですか to i re ni it te mo i i de su ka: トイレ（といれ）にいってもいいですか ju u su o no n de mo i i de su ka ジュース（じゅうす）をのんでもいいですか na n de su ka なんですか ei go (de): えいご(で) ni ho n go (de): にほんご(で) ko ta e: こたえ HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 34 HITO TO MONO answer please ko ta e te ku da sa i: こたえてください shi tsu mo n shi te ku da sa i: しつもんしてください re n shu u shi te ku da sa i: れんしゅうしてください chot to mat te ku da sa i: ちょっと、まってください su mi ma se n, mo u i chi do: すみません、もういちど ask questions please Practice please Just a minute please Once again please. Have you finished? o wa ri ma shi ta ka: おわりましたか mo u i chi do it te ku da sa i: もういちどいってください Say it again please. Good! yo ku de ki ma shi ta: よくできました to te mo yo ku de ki ma shi ta: とてもよくできました Very good! KANJI FOR SCHOOL & STUDIES Kanji 学 Onyomi がく Kunyomi Meaning まなーぶ learning Example がっこう 学校 science; to learn school がっこう 校 こう － 学校 school － school 先 生 せん せい しょう さき うーむ いーきる なま せんせい previous 先生 ahead birth － teacher たんじょうび life; to give birth; to live; raw HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 誕生日 birthday 35 － HITO TO MONO INTRODUCING YOURSELF English Do you speak (English/ Japanese)? Romaji Anata wa eigo/nihongo wo hanashimasu ka? Kana/Kanji あなたは（英語／日本語）を 話しますか？ Just a little. What's your name? Sukoshi dake. Namae wa nandesu ka? Watashi no namae wa “san” is adequate for all. Hajimemashite! or Oai dekite ureshii desu. Anata wa totemo shinsetsu desu. Doko no shusshin desu ka? Amerika/Nihon kara desu Watashi wa Amerika jin desu。 Doko ni sun de imasu ka? Watashi wa amerika / nihon ni sundeimasu. 少しだけ 名前は何ですか？ My name is ... Mr.../ Mrs.…/ Miss… Nice to meet you! You're very kind! Where are you from? I'm from (the U.S/ Japan) I'm (American) Where do you live? I live in (the U.S/ Japan) Did you like it here? Japan is a wonderful country What do you do for a living? I work as a (translator/ Kokowa suki ni narimashita ka? Nihon ha subarashii kuni desu. Osigoto wa nandesu ka? Osigoto wa nandesu ka? 私の名前は さん はじめまして！／お会いでき てうれしいです！ あなたはとてもしんせつで す。 どこの出身ですか？ . アメリカ／日本からです。 . 私はアメリカ人です どこに住んでいますか？ 私はアメリカ／日本に住んで います。 ここは好きになりましたか？ 日本は素晴らしい国です。 お仕事は何ですか？ ほんやく／会社員として働い HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 36 HITO TO MONO businessman) I like Japanese I've been learning Japanese for 1 month Oh! That's good! How old are you? I'm (twenty, thirty...) years old. I have to go I will be right back! Watashi wa nihongo ga suki desu. Watashi wa nihongo wo ichikagetu narrate imasu. Sorewa iidesu ne. Toshi wa ikutsu desu k? Watshi wa (20, 30) sai desu Ikanakutewa narimasen Sugu modori masu. ています。 私は日本語が好きです。 私は日本語を一ヶ月習ってい ます。 それはいいですね。 年はいくつですか？ . 私は（２０，３０）才です . 行かなくてはなりません。 すぐ戻ります。 SOLVING A MISUNDERSTANDING English I'm Sorry! (if you don't hear something) Sorry (for a mistake) Japanese Equivalent Kana/Kanji Sumimasen. すみません。 Gomenasai. ごめんなさい。 No Problem! Daijyoubu desu. 大丈夫です。 Can You Say It Again? Mouichido itte kuremasuka? Can You Speak Slowly? Yukkuri shabette kuremasuka? もういちど言ってくれま すか？ ゆっくりしゃべってくれ ますか？ Write It Down Please! Kaite kudasai. 書いてください。 I Don't Understand! Wakarimasen . わかりません。 I Don't Know! I Have No Idea. Shirimasen Wakarimasen . 知りません。 . わかりません。 HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 37 HITO TO MONO What's That Called In Arewa nihongo de nanto あれは日本語で何といい Japanese? iimasu ka ますか？ What Does "gato" Mean In English? “Omedeto” wa eigo de douiu imi desu ka Omedeto は英語でどうい う意味ですか？ How Do You Say "Please" In Japanese? “Please” wa nihongo de nanto iimasu ka? “Please” は日本語で何と 言いますか？ What Is This? Korewa nandesu ka? これは何ですか？ Watashi no nihongo wa 私の日本語はへたです。 heta desu. I need to practice my Nihonn go wo renshu suru 日本語を練習する必要が Japanese hitsuyou ga arimasu. あります。 My Japanese is bad. Don't worry! Goshinpai naku. ご心配なく。 ASKING FOR HELP English Romaji Kana/Kanji I'm lost Mayotte shimai mashita. 迷ってしまいました。 Can I help you? Otetsudai shimashouka? お手伝いしましょうか Can you help me? Tetsudatte kuremasuka? 手伝ってくれますか Where is the (bathroom/ (Toire/yakkyoku) wa doko (トイレ/薬局) はどこで pharmacy)? desuka? すか Massugu itte kudasai. Go straight! then turn left/ Soshite, hidari / migi ni right! magatte kudasai I'm looking for john. John wo sagashite imasu. まっすぐ行ってくださ い。そして、左／右にま がってください John を探しています. HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 38 HITO TO MONO One moment please! Chotto matte kudasai. ちょっと待ってくださ い。 Hold on please! (phone) Chotto matte kudasai. ちょっと待ってくださ い。 How much is this? Kore wa ikura desu ka これはいくらですか English Excuse me ...! (to ask for something) Japanese Equivalent Kana/Kanji Sumimasen! すみません！ Excuse me! ( to pass by) Sumimasen! すみません！ Come with me! Watashi to issho ni kite 私といっしょに来てくだ kudasai. さい。 Solving a Misunderstanding English Japanese Equivalent Kana/Kanji Sumimasen. すみません。 Gomenasai. ごめんなさい。 No Problem! Daijyoubu desu. 大丈夫です。 Can You Say It Again? Mouichido itte kuremasuka? もういちど言ってくれますか Can You Speak Slowly? Yukkuri shabette kuremasuka? ゆっくりしゃべってくれますか Write It Down Please! Kaite kudasai. 書いてください。 I'm Sorry! (if you don't hear something) Sorry (for a mistake) HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 39 HITO TO MONO I Don't Understand! Wakarimasen. わかりません。 I Don't Know! Shirimasen. 知りません。 I Have No Idea. Wakarimasen. わかりません。 What's That Called Arewa nihongo de nanto In Japanese? iimasu ka あれは日本語で何といいます か？ What Does "gato" Mean In English? How Do You Say "Please" In Japanese? “Omedeto” wa eigo de douiu imi desu ka Omedeto は英語でどういう意味 ですか？ “Please” wa nihongo de nanto iimasu ka? “Please” は日本語で何と言いま すか？ What Is This? Korewa nandesu ka? これは何ですか？ My Japanese is bad. Watashi no nihongo wa heta desu. 私の日本語はへたです。 I need to practice Nihonn go wo renshu suru 日本語を練習する必要がありま my Japanese hitsuyou ga arimasu. す。 Don't worry! Goshinpai naku. ご心配なく。 HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 40 HITO TO MONO FAMILY MEMBERS (KAZOKU, KE) Uncle Oji Grand Mother Sobo Aunt Oba GrandFather Sofu Father Chichi Cousin Sister Itoko Cousin Brother Itoko Elder Brother ani Younger Brother Otouto Mother Haha Elder Sister ane Younger Sister Imouto Friend: Tomodachi English Boy/ Man Girl/Woman Child Human/person Sons: Musuko Daughters : Musume Romaji otoko no ko onna no ko Ko Hito Kana/Kanji おとこ の こ おんな の こ こ ひと HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 41 HITO TO MONO Note : The above expressions shall strictly be used when introducing your own family. Uncle Oji san Grand Mother obaasan Aunt Oba san GrandFather ojiisan Father Otousan Cousin Sister Itoko Cousin Brother Itoko Elder Brother oniisan Younger Brother Otouto san Mother okaasan Elder Sister anee san Younger Sister Imouto san Friend: Tomodachi Sons: Musuko Daughters : Musume Note : The above expressions shall strictly be used when introducing somebody else’s family. HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 42 HITO TO MONO KANJI FOR FAMILY & HUMANS Kanji 父 母 Onyomi Kunyomi ふ ちち とう ぼ はは かあ Meaning Example おとうさん father お父さん father おかあさん mother お母さん 友だち ゆう とも － mother ともだち 友 － friend － friend ゆうじん 友人 － friend じょせい 女性 女 じょ おんな woman female － woman おんなのこ 女の子 － girl だんせい 男性 男 だん おとこ man; male － man おとこのこ 男の子 － boy 人 子 じん にん ひと し こ person; person にほんじん 日本人 － counter suffix Japanese person child 子ども － child こども HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 43 HITO TO MONO IN A HOUSE English Kitchen Gas Stove Refrigerator Door Sink Toilet Shoe Rack Kitchen Sink Living Room Chair Table Sofa Window Hallway/corridor Staircase Garden Bedroom Bedding on Floor Floor Mat Sliding Door (paper and wood screen) Closet Bathtub Japanese Equivalent Daidokoro Gasu renji Reizouko To Senmen dai Otearai Genkan Nagashi Ima Chair Teiburu Sofaa Mado Rouka Kaidan Niwa Shinshitsu Futon Tatami だいどころ がす れんじ れいぞうこ と せんめん だい おてあらい げんかん なあがし いま テブル まど ろうか かいだん にわ しんしつ ふとん たたみ Shouji しょうじ Oshiire Yokusou おしいれ やくそう HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 44 HITO TO MONO KOTOBA (DICTIONARY) HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 45 HITO TO MONO KOTOBA (Dictionary) DOUBUTSU NO KOTOBA (Animal Vocabulary) English Bear Bird Cat Cow Dog Fish Horse Monkey Mouse Pig Sheep Japanese Animals 熊 鳥 猫 牛 犬 魚 馬 サル マウス 豚 羊 Romaji Japanese Objects バスルーム ベッド 寝室 天井 椅子 衣類 コート カップ デスク ドレス 床 Romaji kuma tori neko ushi inu sakana uma saru mausu buta hitsuji OBJECTS English Bathroom Bed Bedroom Ceiling Chair Clothes Coat Cup Desk Dress Floor basuru^mu beddo shinshitsu tenjou isu irui ko^to kappu desuku doresu toko HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 46 HITO TO MONO Fork Furniture Glass フォーク 家具 ガラス fo^ku kagu garasu English Japanese Objects 帽子 家 インク ジャケット 台所 ナイフ ランプ 手紙 地図 新聞 ノート パンツ 紙 ペン Romaji Hat House Ink Jacket Kitchen Knife Lamp Letter Map Newspaper Notebook Pants Paper Pen English Pencil Pharmacy Picture Plate Refrigerator Restaurant Roof Room Rug Scissors Japanese Objects 鉛筆 薬局 写真 プレート 冷蔵庫 レストラン 屋根 部屋 敷物 はさみ boushi ie inku jaketto daidokoro naifu ranpu tegami chizu shinbun no^to pantsu kami pen Romaji enpitsu yakkyoku shashin pure^to reizouko resutoran yane heya shikimono hasami HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 47 HITO TO MONO Shampoo Shirt Shoes Soap シャンプー シャツ 靴 せっけん shanpu^ shatsu kutsu sekken English Japanese Objects 靴下 スプーン テーブル トイレ 歯ブラシ 歯磨き粉 タオル T シャツ 傘 下着 壁 ウォレット ウィンドウ 靴下 Romaji Socks Spoon Table Toilet Toothbrush Toothpaste Towel T-shirt Umbrella Underwear Wall Wallet Window Socks English Art Book Dictionary Geography History Math Music Science Bank Japanese Miscellaneous Objects アート 本 辞書 地理 歴史 数学 音楽 科学 銀行 kutsushita supu^n te^buru toire haburashi hamigakiko taoru shatsu kasa shitagi kabe uoretto uindou kutsushita Romaji a^to hon jisho chiri rekishi suugaku ongaku kagaku ginkou HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 48 HITO TO MONO Beach By bicycle By bus By car By train 浜辺 自転車で バスで 車の場合 電車で hamabe jitensha de basu de kuruma no baai densha de English Japanese Miscellaneous Objects カフェ 国 砂漠 花 フットボール 森 ゲーム 庭 家 島 湖 図書館 山 映画 Romaji Café Country Desert Flowers Football Forest Game Garden House Island Lake Library Mountain Movies English Ocean Office On foot Player River Sea Soccer Supermarket Japanese Miscellaneous Objects オーシャン オフィス 徒歩で プレーヤー 川 海 サッカー スーパーマーケット kafe kuni sabaku hana futtobo^ru mori ge^mu niwa ie shima mizuumi toshokan yama eiga Romaji o^shan ofisu toho de pure^ya^ kawa umi sakka^ su^pa^ma^ketto HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 49 HITO TO MONO Swimming pool Theater Tree スイミングプール 劇場 木 suimingupu^ru gekijou ki BASHO TO BIRU (Places & Buildings) Places (English) Post office Museum Bank Police station Hospital Pharmacy, Chemists Store, Shop Restaurant School Church Japanese Equivalent Yuubinkyoku Hakubutsu kan Ginkou Keisatsusho Byouin Yakkyoku Mise Resutoran, Shokudou Gakkou Kyoukai ゆうびんきょく はくぶつ かん ぎんこう けいさつしょ びょういん やつきょく みせ れすとらん、 しょくどう がつこう きょうかい TURANSOPOTO TO TORABE (Transport & Travel) English Japanese Equivalent Train Kisha, Ressha きしゃ、 れつしゃ Bus Basu ばす Subway, Underground Chikatetsu ちかてつ Airport Kuukou くうこう Train station Eki えき Bus station Subway station, Underground station Departure Basu tei ばす てい Chikatetsu no eki ちかてつ の えき Shuppatsu しゅつぱつ Arrival Touchaku とうちゃく HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 50 HITO TO MONO Parking Chuushajou ちゅうしゃじょう Hotel Hoteru ほてる Room Heya へや Reservation Yoyaku よやく Passport Pasupooto ぱすぽおと TABETTE (Eating) English Japanese Equivalent Breakfast Lunch Dinner Vegetarian Cheers! Bread Beverage Coffee Tea Juice Water Beer Wine Salt Chohshoku Chuushoku Yuushoku Saishoku shugisha Kanpai Pan Nomimono Koohii Ocha, Koucha Juusu Mizu Biiru Wain Shio ちょつしょく ちゅうしょく ゆうしょく さいしょく しゅぎしゃ かんぱい ぱあん のみもの こひい おちゃ、 こうちゃ じゅうす みず びいる わいん しお FOOD English Apple Apricot Banana Japanese Food リンゴ あんず バナナ Romaji ringo anzu banana HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 51 HITO TO MONO Bread Breakfast Butter Candy Carrot Cheese Chicken Dessert Dinner Fish Food パン 朝食 バター キャンディ ニンジン チーズ チキン デザート 夕食 魚 食べ物 pan choushoku bata^ kyandei ninjin chi^zu chikin deza^to yuushoku sakana tabemono English Japanese Food フルーツ ブドウ アイスクリーム 子羊 レモン 昼食 食事 精肉 タマネギ オレンジ 豚肉 ジャガイモ サラダ 塩 サンドイッチ ソーセージ スープ 砂糖 夕食 Romaji Fruit Grapes Ice cream Lamb Lemon Lunch Meal Meat Onion Orange Pork Potato Salad Salt Sandwich Sausage Soup Sugar Supper furu^tsu budou aisukuri^mu kohitsuji remon chuushoku shokuji seiniku tamanegi orenji butaniku jagaimo sarada shio sandoicchi so^se^ji su^pu satou yuushoku HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 52 HITO TO MONO トルコ 野菜 Turkey Vegetables toruko yasai PARTS OF BODY English Arm Back Chest Ear Eye Face Finger Fingers Foot Hair Hand Head Heart Leg Mouth Neck Nose Shoulder Stomach Teeth Tongue Tooth Kanji 腕 後ろの 金庫 耳 アイ 顔 指 指 足 髪 手 頭 心臓 脚 口 首 鼻 肩 胃 歯 舌 歯 Romaji ude ushiro no kinko mimi ai kao yubi yubi ashi kami te atama shinzou ashi kuchi kubi hana kata i ha shita ha Kana うで うしろ の きんこ みみ あい かお ゆび ゆび あし かみ て あたま しんぞう あし くち くび はな かた い は した HOO (DIRECTIONS) English Left Japanese Equivalent hidari ひだり HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 53 HITO TO MONO みぎ まつすぐ うえ した とおく ちかく ながい みじかい ちず Right Straight Up Down Far Near Long Short Map East West North South migi massugu ue shita tooku chikaku nagai mijikai chizu higashi nishi Kita minami Tourist Information (ryokou)annaisho ひがし にし きた みなみ （りょこう）あんない しょ KANJI FOR DIRECTIONS Kanji 上 下 左 Onyomi Kunyomi じょう うえ あ(げる) あ(がる) のぼ(る) か げ Meaning Example top じょおず above; to raise; to rise; to go up bottom した under down 上手 － skillful したぎ 下着 － underwear ひだりあし さ ひだり left 左足 － left foot HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 54 HITO TO MONO 右 北 みぎて ゆう う みぎ ほく きた right 右手 － right hand ほっかいどう north 北海道 － Hokkaido みなみ 南 南 アメリカ なん みなみ south － South America 東 とう 西 せい さい にし がい げ ほか そと 外 中 ちゅう ひがし east とうきょう 東京 かんさい west 関西 -Tokyo － Kansai region なか outside がいこくじん 外国人 － foreign foreigner, foreign other person middle ちゅうがっこう center within inside 中学校 － junior high school HITO TO MONO BY GOVIND BHARDWAJ | 55
