“Il sistema depurativo costiero e il suo impatto sul mare ”

“Il sistema depurativo costiero e il
suo impatto sul mare ”
Workshop
“Condivisione di esperienze e modalità operative tra Olanda e
Regione Emilia-Romagna per la risoluzione delle criticità
ambientali relative all'ambito costiero”
Bologna, 8 gennaio 2016
Dott. Francesco Tornatore
DG Ambiente, difesa del suolo e della costa
Servizio Tutela e Risanamento Risorsa Acqua
2
The coast of Emilia-Romagna
The coast of Emilia-Romagna is a
complex system of transition between
sea and land, subject to various
natural and anthropogenic processes
that make it extremely dynamic and
variable.
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Coastal water bodies
Under the Water Framework Directive
(Directive 2000/60/CE) the stretch of
sea in front of the Emilia-Romagna’s
coast has been divided into two water
bodies.
4
Monitoring network
The monitoring network established
under the same Directive consists of
23 survey stations located from Lido
di Volano to Cattolica at various
distances from the coast (from 500 m
to 5,000 m).
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The status of coastal water bodies
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The eutrophication phenomena
Although the status of water is
sufficient, the sea is still subject to
eutrophication phenomena.
The evolution of eutrophication
processes affecting the Adriatic
follows a seasonal cycle. Usually we
register winter-spring blooms of
Diatomaceous that, favored by low
salinity, determine the so-called
phenomenon of "dirty water", and
then summer-autumn blooms of
Dinoflagellates, with formation of
"red tides" localized in inshore
areas.
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The eutrophication phenomena
The area between the Po
delta and Ravenna is the
most prone to cases of
acute and persistent
eutrophication. Trophic
levels decrease in the area
between Cesenatico and
Cattolica where, without
significant riverine inputs,
we record lower values of
trophic indices, despite the
high coastal pollution load
that is poured into the sea,
especially during the
summer due to tourists.
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The eutrophication phenomena
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Sensitive areas
The role that the Po river basin plays in determining eutrophic
phenomena in the Adriatic Sea is well known, so that the Po river
basin has been identified by Italy as a catchment area of sensitive
areas under Directive 91/271/CE.
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The numbers of the Po river basin
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The numbers of the Po river basin
Civil sector
Regione
Agricultural sector
Popolazione
Residente
Emilia Romagna
2.193.177
Liguria
107.459
Lombardia
9.014.287
Piemonte
4.214.677
Toscana
Regione
Numero Aziende
Superficie Sau (ha)
61.465
733.329
5.968
22.938
Lombardia
74.129
1.028.724
Piemonte
120.728
1.067.455
Emilia-Romagna
Liguria
1.504
37% of national
industries
148
Toscana
Trentino-Alto
Adige
97.861
Valle d'Aosta
Veneto
Totale
1.449
Trento
7.431
41.444
119.548
Valle d’Aosta
6.595
71.190
171.743
Veneto
7.433
77.485
283.897
3.044.014
15.920.256
Totale
Livestock (n°)
Bovini
Ovini
Caprini
Equini
Suini
Avicoli
Conigli
Struzzi
Bufalini
3.120.687
223.576
109.292
48.489
6.023.375
48.405.444
2.003.558
12.527
6.155
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Agglomerations under Directive 91/271/CEE
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Main agglomerations and plants along the coast
560,000
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The UWWTP of Santa Giustina
The path of purification in the new
facility is structured as follows: in
a first sedimentation
compartment there are
pretreatments to separate sand
and oil, while in the second step,
the task of "clean" waste is left to
the same bacteria in the water to
be purified. In the third step we
have an ultrafiltration on
membranes.
The water that comes out is
already clear, but before it is
returned to the rivers move from
the last purification step, the final
disinfection, to eliminate all the
latest micro-organisms that may
be present.
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The WWTP of Santa Giustina
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Main agglomerations and plants along the coast
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Main agglomerations and plants along the coast
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The sewage system and the climate change
In recent years in the region it has followed
a number of extreme precipitation
events.
The great storm that hit the Adriatic coast
Monday, June 24 2013 culminated in
intensity between the hours of 16:40 and
18:00 and caused widespread flooding and
considerable
inconvenience
to
the
population. The rain station of Rimini Ausa
recorded 123.6 mm in one hour, of which
92.6 mm in half an hour.
Since data is available on the intensity of the rain, in the Emilia-Romagna
region since 1920, such high values have never been registered.
To estimate the return time (Tr) of this event shows that it was a precipitation
"record": the return time for a rain of this intensity on Rimini is more than 100
years.
The map of regional precipitation relative to 24 June shows that it was a very
localized event, referring to an area of a few tens of square kilometers (red and
white area in the map).
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The sewage system and the climate change
Because in many cases the
network of the sewage
system, serving
agglomerations of the coast, is
mixed, events of this
magnitude bring it into crisis,
forcing it to download large
quantities of untreated
sewage directly into the sea
through the spillways.
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The bathing water
The opening of the flood
drains along the network can
cause the over-limit for
bathing water microbiological
parameters (E. coli), resulting
in suspension of bathing.
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The Plan of Protection of bathing
For this reason it was prepared a special Plan for the protection of
water along the coast.
The Plan - Plan of Protection of bathing (PSB – Piano Salvaguardia
Balneazione) forecasts 154 million of investment (fully funded) and 11
structural measures to halve spills at sea by 2016 and completely
overcome the current 11 discharges into the sea by the year 2020.
These are the goals of the Plan of Protection of bathing in Rimini, the
largest work of water purification currently underway in Italy,
developed by the City, the Region and the water service operators
(HERA, Romagna Acque). The work is progressing at full capacity by
the second half of 2013 and has already begun work to approximately
50% of the total planned investment.
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The Plan of Protection of bathing
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The flood control (Vasca Ausa)
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The flood control (Vasca Ausa)
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The flood control (Vasca Ausa)
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The flood control (Vasca Ausa)
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Thanks for your attention