BASIC TIGER Installation Hardware Manual

Transcription

BASIC TIGER®
Installation
Hardware Manual
.
Before you start
1
Installation
2
Development environment
3
BASIC Tiger® control computers
4
Frequently asked questions
5
Index
6
Appendix
7
Editor
Illustrations
Cover
Edition
Klaus Hiltrop
Joji
Werbeagentur Kordoni, Aachen
5th Edition July 2001 Version 5.0
Copyright
© 1994-2001 by Wilke Technology GmbH
Krefelder Str. 147
52070 Aachen / Germany
This manual, together with the hardware and software which it
describes, is copyrighted and may not be in any way copied,
translated or rendered in any other form without the express
written consent of Wilke Technology GmbH.
Trademarks
BASIC Tiger®, TINY Tiger®, TigerCube® are registered
trademarks of Wilke Technology GmbH.
TouchMemory® is registered trademark of Dallas
Semiconductors.
WindowsTM, Windows 95, Windows NT are registered
trademarks of Microsoft Corp.
The names of products and processes in this publication, which
are at the same time trademarks, have not been specifically
identified as such. These names are trademarks of the
respective trademark owners. Simply because the ® sign is
missing, it cannot be concluded that these names are free
commodity names.
Note
The editors, translators and authors of this publication have
taken great care with the texts, illustrations and programs.
Nevertheless, errors cannot be completely excluded. Wilke
Technology thus assumes no warranty, legal responsibility or
liability for consequences resulting from incorrect information.
Should any errors be discovered in this publication, or in the
software, we welcome any comments and suggestions
The information in this manual should not be regarded as a
warranty of certain product properties or features, and is subject
to changes in the interests of technical improvement.
All rights reserved • Printed in Germany
Printed on chlorine-free bleached paper
List of contents
List of contents
1
2
3
Before you start
3
Welcome
What's new in version 5?
What was new in version 4?
How this manual is organized
System requirements
Safety instructions
Typographic conventions and symbols
BASIC Tiger®
Multitasking
Device driver
Functions
3
4
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
12
14
Installation
17
Installing the development environment
Examples
Installing the hardware
Quick start / First steps
Program "Hello World"
Program "Running light"
Program "3 tasks"
Program "Taskprio"
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30
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40
47
Software development environment
Development environment commands
File menu
Edit menu
Search menu
Display menu
Start menu
Debug menu
Options menu
Window menu
Help menu
Editor
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Wilke Technology GmbH • www.wilke-technology.com • eMail: [email protected]
i
List of contents
Mark text
Delete text
Insert text
Compiler error messages
Downloader
System requirements
Hardware development environment
Plug & Play Lab
Power supply
Backup Battery
PC-Mode
Serial connections
Pin assignment DB9 ‘ser 0’
Relays
Darlington transistors (NPN)
Beep
Microphone input/Jack socket
Analog amplifier (4x)
Analog inputs
PWM amplifier
Power amplifier
Bus-System for LCD, keyboard and 64 I/O-Pins
Pin assignment J12
BASIC Tiger® Prototyping board
Power supply
Backup Battery
PC-Mode
Serial ports
Pin assignment DB9
Pin assignment DB15
Pin assignment of ‘serial 0’ connector
Beep
Analog inputs
PWM amplifier
Pin assignment of keyboard connector
Pin assignment of LCD Panel connector
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148
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152
156
157
List of contents
Pin assignment J23
TINY Tiger® Prototyping board
Power supply
PC-Mode
Serial ports
Driver transistors (NPN)
LED status display
Bus-System for LCD panel, keyboard and 64 I/O-Pins
Pin assignment J2
Tiger Terminal
Installation
Bus connector for LCD, keyboard and 8 outputs
Pinbelegung des LC-Display-Anschlusses
Extended outputs
Technical characteristics Tiger Terminal:
Programming adapter
4
®
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BASIC Tiger control computer
187
Flash memory
Module series A
BASIC Tiger® module A Pin configuration
BASIC-Tiger® A pin-description
Technical characteristics BASIC-Tiger® A
BASIC Tiger® A RESET-in
Dimensions BASIC-Tiger® A:
TINY Tiger® Module
TINY Tiger® Pin configuration
TINY Tiger® pin description
Technical characteristics TINY Tiger®
TINY Tiger® RESET-in
Tiny-Tiger® dimensions
Economy Tiger®
Economy Tiger® pin configuration
Economy Tiger® pin description
Technical characteristics Economy Tiger®
Analog inputs and extended I/O at the same time
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211
iii
List of contents
TINY tiger® Module E RESET-In
Economy Tiger® dimensions
TCAN – CAN-Tiger
TCAN module pin configuration
TCAN pin description
Technical characteristics TCAN
TCAN RESET-in
TCAN dimensions
I/O-extension modules
Address generation
EP1-64HDE
Pin assignment EP1-64HDE
Pin description EP1-64HDE
Addressing EP1-64HDE Extended Module
EP2-64SDA (64 digital outputs)
Pin assignment EP2-64SDA
Pin-description EP2-64SDA
Addressing EP2-64SDA Extended Module
EP3-32-32
Pin assignment EP3-32-32
Pin description EP3-32-32
Addressing the EP3-32-32
EP4-32PDA
Pin assignment EP4-32PDA
Pin description EP4-32PDA
Addressing the EP4-32PDA
Temperature sensor EP4-32PDA
EP5-32GDE
Pin assignment EP5-32GDE
Pin description EP5-32GDE
Addressing the EP5-32GDE
EP6-UNIVD
Pin assignment EP6-UNIVDE
Pin description EP6-UNIVD
Addressing the EP6-UNIVD
EP10-16PDA/GDE
Pin assignment EP10-16PDA/GDE
Pin description EP10-16PDA/GDE
Addressing the EP10-16PDA/GDE
EP11-8AD, EP12-16AD, EP13-32AD, EP14-64AD
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297
297
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300
307
List of contents
Pin assignment EP11-8AD to EP14-64AD
Pin description EP11-8AD
Addressing the EP11-EP14-AD
Extended I/O-system
Address generation
Extended Outputs
Extended Inputs
Example of extended inputs and keyboard
The software side of the extended I/O-Ports
Modify keyboard
Adapting your keyboard
307
308
310
315
316
321
324
327
329
334
337
341
Tips and assistance
BASIC Tiger® Service Hotline:
344
344
6
Index
349
7
Appendix
353
ASCII codes
EBCDIC codes
The Baudot Code Set
Gray Code
ANSI Control Sequences
Windows 95/98/NT Shortcuts
Short-Cuts Tiger-BASIC® Version 5
Designation of resistors and capacitors
Color codes
Value designation by characters
Tolerance designation by characters
Medium step size of resistor-growth between values:
Normed series of resistor values
BASIC-Tiger® module A – Pin description
TINY-Tiger® – Pin description
TINY-Tiger® Modul E – Pin description
BASIC-Tiger® CAN module – Pin description
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387
5
v
List of contents
Empty Page
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Before you start
1
Installation
2
3
BASIC Tiger® control computer
4
5
Index
6
Appendix
7
1
Empty Page
2
Before you start
1 Before you start
1
Welcome
Welcome to the BASIC Tiger® development system.
This manual will introduce you to the hardware of the BASIC Tiger® and will help
you get off to a quick start.
Programming micro-controllers used to be the domain of specialists. The
programming itself generally took place in Assembler, which meant that the programs
were fast, but difficult to understand. The development work for even small projects
often dragged on for months. If BASIC was chosen as a programming language the
processing speeds were relatively slow and with limited possibilities.
BASIC Tiger® fills this gap. The innovative modified BASIC instruction set makes
programming very simple and reduces the familiarization period. BASIC Tiger® has a
very high processing speed and thus puts many controllers, which have been
programmed in Assembler or C to shame. Multitasking, with no complicated
overheads, leads to better-structured and easier to care for programs. A growing
library of functions and example applications is available for repetitive programming
tasks. Since the BASIC Tiger® supports device drivers that are constantly being
updated, it can grow with the project and thus cope with tasks that had not even been
thought of at the start of the project.
If you want to start programming immediately, follow the instructions for installation
and then go directly to the "Quick start/First steps" section.
You will find a detailed description of the Tiger-BASIC® language in the
Programming Manual.
Device drivers extend Tiger BASIC®, by using I/O functions that allow external
devices to be used easily. The drivers are described in the Device Driver Manual:
3
Before you start
1
What's new in version 5?
If you are already an experienced Tiger-BASIC® user you will definitely be interested
in the new features of this version. There now follows a brief summary of the the
most important new editor features and new hardware since the last update. You will
find the new sections of the last but one update in the next heading ‘What's new in
version 4?’. New instructions, functions and device drivers are listed in the other two
manuals.
Version 5 can now be used parallel to Version 4 since different entries are used in
WIN.INI and the Registry.
You may still keep your former Tiger-BASIC®-Versions. Due to a larger Run-Time
module existing project may not fit into the formerly used module when they are
newly compiled (see the new pre-processor directive ‚project_model‘). One or the
other may behave slightly different to before following the removal of a bug.
The folder and file names are longer. The names of the example programs for the
instructions and functions are now shown in full. This has been possible since the
program no longer supports WIN 3.1. The examples are distributed in a number of
folders classified according to topics.
4
Before you start
There are some new features in the editor:
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•
A facility has been provided as of Version 5 whereby processing steps in the
Editor can be undone. How many steps can be undone is set in the Options
menu under the Editor.
The source text has a coloured syntax highlight (4 different styles) and the
background colour can be adjusted.
The size of the RAM for the RUN-Time system is now also taken into
account in the display of the RAM occupied by the program in the module.
Editing can be blocked, e.g. to protect against accidental editing during a
debug session. This can also be automated: no editing after every download.
A renewed compiling can now be suppressed if changes are accidentally
made in the source text since an inquiry is made before every compiling.
The behaviour of the interface during a download can now be largely
influenced. The number of repeat attempts and wait times can be adjusted.
This should enable downloads via a modem or even a satellite.
Unsuccessful download attempts can be prematurely aborted with ESC.
The user areas for the Flash memory can be viewed from the interface and
saved in various formats.
Strings can also be viewed and saved in various formats, e.g. to print an
LCD graphic in the manual.
The display of the monitored print-outs has been extended.
A further help file can be called up from the Help menu which contains the
last changes. Extensions published after Version 5 can also be better
documented with this Help.
Automatic back-up before compiling and time-controlled can be set.
There is a new BASIC-Tiger® module with CAN interface. The pin assignment for
the module can be found in this manual, the description of the device driver for the
CAN in the device driver manual.
A special development kit is provided for applications with graphic LCD's (GraphicToolkit).
5
1
Before you start
1
What was new in version 4?
The Editor has some new features:
• Files with the name extension 'TIG' can now be linked to the development
•
•
•
•
interface (TGBAS32). If you double click a *.TIG-file in Explorer, TigerBASIC® will be called and the file loaded. To create the link, keep the SHIFT
key pressed whilst clicking the selected 'TIG'-file with the right mouse key.
Select Open with in the context menu. Tick 'Always open files of this type
with this program' and look for TGBAS32.EXE (normally in the
\TIGERBAS\BIN directory). The link has now been created.
The size of the RAM for the RUN-Time system is now taken into account
when the RAM's occupied by the program in the module are shown.
Information on device drivers (Flash and RAM utilization, Version) can now
be queried per mouse click with the command 'Device driver list' in the view
menu.
The display of the monitored expressions has been improved.
The Editor now indents loops and IF-areas on command.
There are new extension modules to implement extended I/O ports. These new
modules are described in ‘I/O-extension modules’ from page 229. Take a look at the
running advertisement presented in advertisement as well as our internet pages
(www.wilke-technology.com).
Module
EP11-8AD
EP12-16AD
EP13-32AD
EP14-64AD
Channels
8
16
32
64
Resolution
12 Bit
12 Bit
12 Bit
12 Bit
Temp.
0°C-70°C
0°C-70°C
0°C-70°C
0°C-70°C
A special development kit is being prepared for applications with graphic LCD's.
Inquiries should be addressed to Wilke Technology.
6
Before you start
How this manual is organized
1
A brief overview of the manual will help you to quickly find what you are looking
for.
Chapter 1
explains all the basics about Tiger BASIC®, using this manual,
installing the system.
Chapter 2
leads you through the installation of the software and the
hardware of BASIC Tiger® system and gives you the
opportunity for a quick start.
Chapter 3
describes the development environment on the PC as well as
the available hardware development systems. Please be sure to
read about the hardware board you are working with:
• Plug & Play Lab
• BASIC Tiger® prototyping board
• TINY Tiger® prototyping board
Information about the BASIC Tiger® or TINY Tiger® modules
can be found in chapter 7
The BASIC-Tiger® Graphic-Toolkit is considered an
application. It has an own chapter in the Manual ‘Device Driver
and Applications’.
The CAN SLIO Board is described in the chapter about the
CAN device driver.
Chapter 4
describes the different modules of BASIC Tiger® as well as
TINY Tiger® and Extended I/O Modules.
Chapter 5
lists some frequently asked questions. Sometimes the questions
of other users and the corresponding answers will help to see
things from another point of view.
Chapter 6
is the index of this manual.
Chapter 7
is the appendix which is the same in all 3 BASIC Tiger®
manuals.
7
Before you start
1
System requirements
In order to be able to work with the development environment of BASIC Tiger® you
will require an IBM-compatible computer with the following minimum configuration:
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Pentium-II-processor, 233MHz
Hard disk with at least 100 MB of available storage
VGA graphics adapter
16 MB of memory
Mouse
Windows 95/98/2000/NT
A free COM port
CD-ROM drive
The examples and applications mentioned in this manual are primarily made for the
BASIC Tiger® A Modules. The command line installing the LCD1.TDD device driver
must have extra parameters in order to re-allocate the sound pin on TINY Tiger®
modules. In some cases an example may not run on TINY Tiger® modules that only
have 32k of RAM. Also the Tiny-Tiger® Economy has natural limitations as it has
less I/O pins.
8
Before you start
Safety instructions
The components in this development package, such as the Plug & Play Lab,
prototyping boards, toolkits, adapter, cables, etc. should only be used as aids in the
development and testing of computer software and hardware circuits. Their sole
purpose is to save professional designers time in the construction of laboratory
prototypes and to furnish new ideas for their own designs.
These components must not be installed or operated by non-professionals. Nor should
the prototype boards be used to control systems and equipment, particularly if their
malfunction could lead to damages or risks. These boards must not be used to carry
high voltages or currents.
Before carrying out any modifications to circuits and before opening any housings,
the equipment or test installations must be completely disconnected from the line
voltage source.
Sensitive components such as MOS circuits should only be handled in an anti-static
laboratory environment to avoid damage.
9
1
Before you start
1
Typographic conventions and symbols
The following fonts and symbols will be used so that you can quickly recognize
important information:
Element
Meaning
Key
Key name, e.g. Return
Program listing
Tiger BASIC program listing
Tiger BASIC® instruction
Instruction
Variable
Placeholder for elements which have to be entered
according to your application.
[ ]
Elements whose entry is optional.
^
Important notice, please read carefully!
7LS
Tips and hints to facilitate your work.
10
Before you start
BASIC Tiger®
1
This chapter will tell you about the special features of BASIC Tiger®.
11
Before you start
Multitasking
1
The most striking feature of BASIC Tiger® is its multitasking ability. Although
BASIC Tiger® modules are not much bigger than a CPU chip, they contain a complete
multitasking control computer with its own program memory (FLASH), main
memory (SRAM + FLASH) and a number of standard I/Os. A number of
Tiger BASIC® programs (Tasks) can be loaded into the Tiger's program memory and
are permanently stored there, similar to the hard disk of a PC; until they are
overwritten by new programs. The FLASH memory can also be used as a permanent
storage for data which can then be written, read and deleted from BASIC programs.
The main memory can be up to many Mbytes of SRAM and can be protected against
power failures.
The advantage of multitasking immediately becomes apparent if one considers real
tasks for a control computer. An application rarely consists of only one single
monolithic task with linear processing in a large loop. Even small applications
normally have 3, 4, 5 or more separate tasks, which have to be processed largely
independently of one another. One only has to consider outputs on a printer, inputs via
keyboards or serial inputs, etc., which often hang up applications. Additional
programming and test work is often required to avoid such situations. These programs
accordingly become more difficult to understand and maintain.
If multitasking is used in programming, the risk of a hang-up can be reduced. Inputs,
outputs, closed control routines or evaluations are processed in separate tasks. For
example, if a compute-bound evaluation has not yet been completed, required control
signals can still be generated, a dialogue with an interface continued, information
refreshed on displays and control keys monitored. Such multitasking programs not
only run faster and more reliably, they are easier to maintain and understand.
Additional tasks can be easily added at a later date as required. The individual
performance requirements can be finely balanced by setting priorities for the tasks;
control tasks can keep an eye on important functions and possibly start emergency
programs and trigger alarms.
Programming in multitasking is very easy with BASIC Tiger® and can be
implemented with only a few lines of BASIC. A simple example can be found on
page 32 under the heading Program "Hello World".
Device driver
Through the use of device drivers, which take into account the device-specific
characteristics of peripheral equipment, BASIC Tiger® achieves a high level of
flexibility and performance, yet is still easy to handle. Irrespective of I/O devices
type, those I/O channels which work with device drivers are always addressed via the
12
Before you start
6 standard BASIC instructions PRINT, PRINT USING, PUT, INPUT, INPUT LINE
and GET. The systematic selection by means of a device number, optional secondary
address and function code enables a systematic, easy-to-understand program structure.
The change from standard I/O's to alternative channels, the addition of further I/O
channels and the transition to other hardware is greatly simplified. An I/O instruction
such as:
"PUT #PUMP, OUTPUT4"
This directs the unformatted output of the variable "OUTPUT4" to the device
"PUMP", which in physical reality may consist of a number of very different
channels: e.g. an asynchronous serial channel, a PWM output, a parallel interface or a
completely different type.
The physical characteristics of an I/O device are, to a large extent, defined in the
device driver and are made available to the BASIC program through the instruction:
INSTALL_DEVICE #No, Name.
To direct an input or output to a different physical device, all that needs to be done is
to select a different device driver or modify a parameter in the INSTALL_DEVICE
instruction.
The job of the device driver is to make life easier for the programmer. Instead of
wasting time with complicated programs to select I/O devices, the actual
programming work can concentrate on the operation of the respective device. Details
which are specific to a particular transfer, such as buffer supervision, generation and
evaluation of strobe signals, handling physical addresses and runtime performance,
are carried out by the device driver. The current set of device drivers is being
constantly expanded. Custom drivers can be developed for special requirements.
For an example of how things can be simplified through device drivers, take a look at
the driver ‘LCD1.TDD’, which is responsible for selecting an LCD display and
keyboard matrix with up to 128 keys, shift LED and beeper. The driver manages not
only the normal selection of these devices including buffered input and output, a
series of high-capacity ESC sequences are also available which can be used to
individually adjust, for example, key codes, refresh rate, key click, attributes, special
characters, etc. This one driver replaces over 1000 lines of BASIC code.
The use of this driver is shown, among others, in the application programs
‘ANA1_DEM.TIG’ and ‘LCD_SPC2.TIG’.
13
1
Before you start
Functions
1
The constantly growing library of functions forms a powerful tool for the effective
implementation of programming tasks with few instructions. BASIC Tiger® functions
cover the areas
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Integer arithmetic
Floating-point arithmetic
String operations
Special functions
Repetitive programming tasks can utilize complete functions with high processing
speeds and a compact code.
The 32-Bit integer arithmetic of the BASIC Tiger is characterized by high speed and
accuracy, which are more than capable for many applications.
32 Bit arithmetic provides the number range -2,147,483,648 to + 2,147,483,647. As
an example, this can be used within an application to provide an instrument system
scale of -20,000 to +20,000 with a resolution of 0.000 01. This example could
represent values used with process variables such as pressure, travel, speed and many
more, Examples are frequently found in research projects and control tasks. The
functions in the integer arithmetic field include EXP, LD, MOD, SGN, ABS, RND,
BIT, MASK, IMASK, LREAL, HREAL, LLTOR, LEN, LEN_FIFO, FREE_FIFO,
READ_FIFO, etc.
Floating-point arithmetic works with double precision in BASIC Tiger (15-16
significant digits), and thus meets even high, scientific requirements. Moreover, a
number of important functions are also available for complex calculations, such as
SIN, COS., TAN, COT, ASIN, ACOS, ATAN, ACOT, SINH, COSH, TANH, COTH,
LOG, LN, EXP, EXPE, SQRT, etc.
A number of powerful functions have been added to the normal string functions such
as CHR$, LEFT$, RIGHT$, MID$, etc. These additional functions enable complex
tasks to be programmed concisely and quickly. This permits the use of string type
variables in a much more general context than would traditionally be the case. The
search, select, replace, fill, fragment and convert programs in particular can now be
programmed with the new string functions very quickly and exhibit impressively high
processing speeds. The new string functions include UPPER$, CONVERT$, NTOS$,
RTOS$, STOS$, NFROMS, RFROMS, SELECT$, INDEX, REMOVE$,
REMDOUBLE$, STRI$, etc.
Finally, there are special functions from the 'near-system' area, which provide diverse
status information, such as process time, version no., error information, etc.
14
Before you start
1
Installation
2
3
4
5
Index
6
Appendix
7
15
Empty Page
16
Installation
2 Installation
Before starting the installation, please read the README file on the installation CD
which contains the latest information or changes since publication of this manual.
2
The scope of delivery of the BASIC-Tiger® development system includes a
comprehensive software package that runs under MS Windows™. This software
package contains a development environment in which the translation procedure,
programming and the debugger are started from the Editor.
Installing the development environment
First close all Windows applications which are currently open. Place the installation
CD into the CD-ROM drive and wait until the Setup program is automatically started.
If Setup does not start automatically select the "Execute" comand from the Start
menu. Enter "D:SETUP.EXE", whereby "D" stands for the letter of your CD-ROM
drive. The Setup program begins with the Welcome window.
17
Installation
Click "Next" to continue with the installation.
The license agreement appears. You have to agree with this to install the program.
2
The following dialogue contains three input fields for user information and the serial
number. The user information may already have been completed with data from your
computer's registry. The serial number can be found on the inside or rear of the CD
case.
18
Installation
If you have received Version 5 as an update you can enter your previous serial
number. This can be found under the "Info on Tiger" command in the "Help" menu.
When entering the serial number please pay attention to the difference between a
"Zero" and a "capital O" as well as between the number "One", a "small l" and a
"capital I".
2
Click "Next" when you have completed the fields.
19
Installation
You now have to specify the subdirectory in which Tiger-BASIC® Version 5 will be
installed. Since you wish to save any former Version 4 which you may have chose a
new folder for the Version 5. In the majority of cases the suggested folder
"C:\PROGRAM FILES\Tiger Basic 5.0" is the best choice.
2
Further subdirectories will be created automatically in the selected folder. These
contain not only the compiler files but also hundreds of examples.
Then click "Next".
20
Installation
New symbols (icons) will be created for the new program. You can accept the folder
name to store the symobls, enter a new name or select one from the list.
2
Then click "Next".
21
Installation
Before copying starts Setup shows all entries made during installation in an overview.
2
Click "Back" if you wish to change these entries. If you are satisfied with the entries
click "Next".
Setup now copies all necessary files into the target directories.
22
Installation
2
If the installation has been successful a warning screen appears in which you can
select between two options:
•
•
You wish to read the "Readme" file. We recommend that you read this file
because this may contain changes and corrections carried out after the
manual was printed.
You want to start Tiger-BASIC® immediately.
23
Installation
2
Quit this last Setup dialogue with "Exit".
Use the newly created symbol under "Start/Program Files/ Wilke Technology" to start
Tiger-BASIC®.
24
Installation
Examples
During software installation the program files are copied and unpacked into a
subdirectory. A number of directories with program examples are also created. These
are useful , die für den schnellen Einstieg in Tiger-BASIC®:
Examples
The "Examples" directory brief exmaples of each instruction
and function. These examnples are largely identical with those
printed in the manual. They make for an easier understanding
of the respective instruction or function and despite their
minimum size are already complete programs which can be
directly compiled and run. If your want to understand quickly
how an instruction or function works exactly, run the example
included with the program and try some changes.
The file names of the examples in thisd directory are identical
with the instruction/function. The file names can also be found
in this manual at the beginning of the printed example.
Graphic_Examples
A separate chapter has been devoted to graphics in this manual.
The graphic exanples in this chapter can be found in the
directory "Graphic_Examples". See also: LCD-Kit.
DeviceDriver_Examples
The directory "DeviceDriver_Examples" contains most
examples in the device driver manual. These include examples
of how to address devices in Tiger-BASIC®. Devices can also
be the internal elements such as serial interfaces, pulse-width
modulated output, analog inputs and special functions at simple
digital I/O pins such as pulse output, pulse length measurement,
frequency measurement, shaft encoder input, etc.
CAN_Examples
CAN as an industrial bus and automation bus requires a special
Tiger-BASIC® module. The examples of the CAN device
driver are compiled in the directory "CAN_Examples".
Applications
Application programs which are more comprehensive have
been collected in the directory "Applications". Each
demonstrate certain programming technique, the use of device
drivers or other applications in an exemplary manner.
Applications are a good start for one's own developments and
allow executable interim results at an early date. The type and
number of applications is being constantly updated, in
25
2
Installation
particualr applications which can be used as a ‘Black Box’ to
solve certain tasks. Minor modifcations to such applications are
often enough to obtain bespoke solutions for a specific project.
The applications are only partly printed and explained in the
manual. Take a look at the annotated Source-Code of an
application or a general overview.
2
LCD-Kit
LCD-Kit is a separately available optional package with
hardware to develop graphic applications. The directory "LCDKit" contains more complex graphics examples for the
graphics.
Include
All applications use symbolic defintions to make the source text
more understandable. Thus, device drivers receive commands
as a number, called the User-Function-Code in Tiger-BASIC®.
If a symbolic expression is written in place of the number, you
can immediately see which comand is sent to the driver in the
source text. These types of symbolic definitions are compiled in
the Include files and are integrated in compilation times.
Include files exist for various devices. If a device is present in
an application the corresponding Include file will also be
integrated-and I/O addresses, commands, parameters will be
shown symobilically. Includ files can also include subroutines
which are used repeatedly, e.g. the subroutine to initialise the
device driver for the keyboard of the Plug & Play Lab, the
hardware development platform for BASIC-Tiger®. The
following table shows some of the most important Include files
and their contents:
26
Include file
Purpose
DEFINE_A
General definitions:
device numbers of device drivers
baud rates, constants, error numbers.
UFUNC3
User-Function-Codes = functional calls to the
device driver
symbolic name for parameter.
KEYB_PP
Subroutine to adapt the LCD1 driver to the
keyboard of the Plug & Play Lab.
GR_TK1
Graphic-Toolkit: Port and pin addresses for
the Toolkit, Subroutine to initialise the LCD
Installation
control pin.
BIN
LCD_x
Symbolic parameter data und control
sequences for the various graphic LCD's
x stands for the type number (see device
driver LCD-6963).
CAN
Symbolic names for CAN-specific data
CAN-SLIO
Addresses and register bitmasks of the CANSLIO chip.
MF2_xxx
Comprehensive definitions and subroutines
to adjust the MF-II keyboard.
The directory containing the compiler files, device drivers and
Help. These files are only used indirectly by the user.
27
2
Installation
Installing the hardware
The installation of the hardware poses no great problems. As time goes by, there will
be a number of different hardware environments for BASIC Tiger®. The illustration
shows a set-up with the Plug & Play Lab.
2
28
Installation
• Make sure that the Plug & Play Lab has not yet been connected to the plug-
•
type voltage adapter.
• Plug the BASIC Tiger® module into the pedestal of the
Plug & Play Lab (the Plug & Play Lab must always be
switched off). Pin 1 is in the top left corner.
Connect the Plug & Play Lab to a COM port of your PC with the serial cable.
• Make sure that the plug-type voltage adapter is set to
•
•
•
9 volts and that the polarity of the plug is ‘outside plus’.
The Plug & Play Lab will not function if the polarity is
incorrect, but it will not be destroyed.
• Connect the Plug & Play Lab to the plug-type voltage
adapter.
Start the Tiger BASIC® development system on your PC. If the error
message "Interface could not be opened" appears, ignore this and confirm
with OK.
Select the Transmit command from the Options menu and specify the
COM port to which the Plug & Play Lab is connected in the dialog box.
Select the Compiler command from the Options menu and specify the
Flash and RAM sizes of your BASIC Tiger® module in the dialog box. (This
setting is only necessary if you wish to compile without a connected module.)
This completes the installation of the hardware.
29
2
Installation
Quick start / First steps
You can try out the enclosed applications as soon as you have installed the hardware
and software.
2
The following examples will help get you started when programming BASIC Tiger®.
The ‘Applications’ section contains further examples. These will quickly enable you
to produce your own applications by altering and combining various program
sections.
30
Installation
Program "Hello World"
2
The jumpers represent the connection to the LCD panel, the cable jumper clip
connects the buzzer (beep) to Port-pin L42.
32
Installation
This program writes the welcome message "Hello World" on an LCD panel .The
jump leads must be plugged to J22 on the Plug & Play Lab. Connect to the 2-row
male connector marked ‘keyb-display-I/O’ on the prototyping board. Further
instructions for your own design can be found under the heading ‘Connect LCD
panel’ in chapter about device drivers.
Load the application with the Open command from the File menu. You will find the
program under the name HELLO.TIG in the subdirectory Applicat of the installation
directory.
Make sure that the module is in the PC mode:
•
•
Push the sliding switch on the Plug & Play Lab to the PC-mode setting.
Reset the module.
Start the program with the Run command from the Start menu. Once the program has
been compiled click OK. The compiled Tiger BASIC® program will then be loaded
into the module and automatically started.
Program example:
'-------------------------------------------------------------------'Name: HELLO.TIG
'-------------------------------------------------------------------TASK MAIN
'begin task MAIN
'install LCD-driver (BASIC-Tiger)
INSTALL DEVICE #1, "LCD1.TDD"
'install LCD-driver (TINY-Tiger)
'INSTALL DEVICE #1, "LCD1.TDD", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 80h, 8
PRINT #1, "Hello World"
'output to LC-display
END
'end task MAIN
33
2
Installation
Program "Running light"
This program creates a sequential light effect on the Plug & Play Lab. The LEDs of
the I/O pins for Port 6, 7 and 8 come on in succession. No special jump leads are
required.
2
program under the name RUN_LED.TIG in the Applicat subdirectory of the
installation directory.
• Push the sliding switch on the Plug & Play Lab to the PCmode setting.
• Reset the module.
34
Installation
Program example:
'-------------------------------------------------------------------' Name: RUN_LED.TIG
'-------------------------------------------------------------------#INCLUDE DEFINE_A.INC
'general definitions
USER_EPORT ACT, NOACTIVE
'no extended port activity
TASK MAIN
BYTE I,J
'begin task MAIN
'vars of type BYTE
DIR_PORT 6,0
DIR_PORT 7,0
DIR_PORT 8,0
FOR I = 6 TO 9
OUT I,255,0
NEXT
WHILE 1=1
FOR I = 6 TO 8
FOR J = 0 TO 7
IF I <> 7 OR J < 4 THEN
K = EXP (2,J)
OUT I, 255, K
WAIT_DURATION 50
OUT I,255,0
WAIT_DURATION 50
ENDIF
NEXT
NEXT
ENDWHILE
END
'port 6 is output
'port 7 is output
'port 8 is output
2
'all LEDs off
'endless loop
'ports 6 to 8
'LEDs 0 to 7
'port 7 has only 4 bit
'determine LED
'set LED on
'wait 50 ms
'set LED off
'wait 50 ms
'next LED
'next port
'next loop
'end task MAIN
35
Installation
Program "3 tasks"
2
The jump leads represent the connection to the LCD panel; the cable jumper clip
36
Installation
This program generates a click on the Plug & Play Lab in one task and makes the
LEDs of Port 8 flash in a different task.
To hear the click Port L42 must be bridged to the pin ‘beep’.
program under the name 3TASKS.TIG in the subdirectory Examples of the
37
2
Installation
Program example:
2
'-------------------------------------------------------------------'Name: 3TASKS.TIG
'-------------------------------------------------------------------TASK MAIN
'begin task MAIN
DIR_PORT 8,0
'port 8 is output
RUN TASK T2
'start task T2
RUN TASK T3
'start task T3
LOOP 9999999
'many loops
PRINT #1, "<0>";
'output sound: "Click"
WAIT DURATION 2000
'wait 2 sec
ENDLOOP
END
'end task MAIN
'-------------------------------------------------------------------'task T2: shows local var twice per second
'-------------------------------------------------------------------TASK T2
'begin task T2
LONG L
'var of type LONG
FOR L=0 TO 9999999
'loop increasing var L
PRINT #1, "<1>L ="; L
'output on LC-display
WAIT DURATION 500
'wait 500 ms
NEXT
'increase L
END
'end task T2
'-------------------------------------------------------------------'task T3: toggles LEDs of port 8 every 200 ms
'-------------------------------------------------------------------TASK T3
'begin task T3
LOOP 9999999
'many loops
OUT 8,255,0
'clear port 8
WAIT_DURATION 200
'wait 200 ms
OUT 8,255,255
'set port 8
WAIT_DURATION 200
'wait 200 ms
ENDLOOP
END
'end task T3
38
Installation
.Empty Page
2
39
Installation
Program "Taskprio"
2
The jump leads represent the connection to the LCD panel; the jump lead clip
40
Installation
This program creates two sequential lights on the LEDs of the extended outputs of the
Plug & Play Lab, in other words on the LED above the keyboard.
One task controls the upper row, the other task the lower row of LEDs.
The tasks have different priorities. The running lights thus have different speeds. The
number of cycles is shown on the LCD panel.
All 13 jumps must be plugged to J22.
program under the name TASKPRIO.TIG in the subdirectory APPLICAT, of the
41
2
Installation
Program example:
'-------------------------------------------------------------------'Name: TASKPRIO.TIG
'-------------------------------------------------------------------#include DEFINE_A.INC
2
WORD ROUNDS_T1, ROUNDS_T2
'global vars of type WORD
TASK MAIN
'begin task MAIN
BYTE K
'vars of type BYTE
ROUNDS_T1 = 0
ROUNDS_T2 = 0
FOR K = 16 to 23
OUT K, 255,0
NEXT
PRINT #1, "<1bh>c<00h><f0h>";
SET_TASK_PRIO T1,42
SET_TASK_PRIO T2,123
RUN TASK T1
RUN TASK T2
WHILE 1=1
PRINT #1, "<1>T1 ="; ROUNDS_T1
PRINT #1, "T2 ="; ROUNDS_T2
WAIT DURATION 500
ENDWHILE
END
'initialize variables
'all LEDs off!
'set cursor off
'priority of task T1
'priority of task T2
'start task T1
'start task T2
'endless loop
'output of loops in T1
'output of loops in T2
'wait 500 ms
'end of endless loop
'end task MAIN
'-------------------------------------------------------------------'task T1: running light on ports 10, 12, 14 and 16
'-------------------------------------------------------------------TASK T1
'begin task T1
LONG I, K
'vars of type LONG
BYTE Address, VALUE
'vars of type BYTE
I = -1
Address = 16
WHILE 1=1
'endless loop
'---------------------------------------------------------------'WAIT_DURATION as delay would synchronize both tasks,
'since WAIT_DURATION releases CPU time. Therefore a
'FOR-NEXT loop is used to delay the task.
FOR K = 0 TO 1000
'use up CPU time
NEXT
I = I + 1
'LED number
IF I > 7 THEN
OUT Address, 255,0
'set previous LED off
I = 0
'new LED number
42
Installation
IF
Address
> 22 THEN
Address
= Address
+ 2
ROUNDS_T1 = ROUNDS_T1 + 1
Address = 16
ENDIF
ENDIF
VALUE = EXP (2,I)
OUT Address, 255, VALUE
ENDWHILE
END
'last
address?
'new address
'count up ROUNDS_T1
'reset address
'determine value for LED
'and set LED on
'end task T1
2
'-------------------------------------------------------------------'task T2: running light on ports 11, 13, 15 and 17
'-------------------------------------------------------------------TASK T2
'begin task T2
LONG I, K
'vars of type LONG
BYTE Address, VALUE
'vars of type BYTE
I = -1
Address = 17
WHILE 1=1
'endless loop
'---------------------------------------------------------------'WAIT_DURATION as delay would synchronize both tasks,
'since WAIT_DURATION releases CPU time. Therefore a
'FOR-NEXT loop is used to delay the task.
FOR K = 0 to 1000
'use up CPU time
NEXT
I = I + 1
'LED number
IF I > 7 THEN
OUT Address, 255,0
'set previous LED off
I = 0
'new LED number
Address = Address + 2
'new address
IF Address > 23 THEN
'last address?
ROUNDS_T2 = ROUNDS_T2 + 1
'count up ROUNDS_T2
Address = 17
'reset address
ENDIF
ENDIF
VALUE = EXP (2,I)
'determine value for LED
OUT Address, 255, VALUE
'and set LED on
ENDWHILE
END
'end task T2
43
Before you start
1
Installation
2
3
4
5
Index
6
Appendix
7
45
Empty Page
46
3 Development environment
The development environment of the BASIC-Tiger® system consists of a software
environment which runs on your PC and a hardware development environment which
is a platform with serial interface containing your BASIC-Tiger® module. The
hardware platform normally contains a number of useful elements to help with your
development work without you having to solder together your own PCB. For
example, the Plug & Play Lab already has an LCD, a keyboard, relay, driver
transistors, analog reference voltage, extended outputs and much more (see hardware
development environment).
On completion of your development you usually have a finished product which can be
delivered to your customers. In some cases you may wish to send subsequent
firmware updates to a customer. Your customer then needs a program (Downloader)
so that they can load the update into the module because they do not usually have the
BASIC-Tiger®-Compiler, and never their source code. More details about the
Downloader can be found in the section Downloader from page 99.
For a field update the hardware must be equipped with the following:
•
•
The serial connection SER1 with RS-232 levels to connect a PC or Laptop.
A jumper or switch to get the module into PC mode. Useful is a reset button,
however, switching off and on will have the same effect. In special cases the
application can delete itself which brings the module into PC mode without
servicing a jumper or switch (see instruction DELETE_PROG).
47
3
Software development environment
Start the development environment by double clicking the "Tiger BASIC" icon under
"Start/Program files/Wilke Technology".
The development environment in which all source files which were open at the end of
the last session can be re-opened during later starts then appears.
3
There follows an explanation of all functions in the development environment,
classified according to menus, and of how to operate the Editor.
48
Development environment commands
Commands can be input either via the menus, the keyboard (function keys) or with
the mouse (buttons). Simply move the mouse cursor over a button and read its
meaning in the status bar.
File menu
New
The development environment creates a new window to enter a new program. This
program initially has no name (unnamed)
Open
Select the drive, directory and name of the file in the dialog box and click the "OK"
button.
49
3
Close
Closes the file currently being edited. If the latest changes have not been saved a
safety inquiry is made where these can then be saved.
Save
Saves the file currently being edited. If the file does not yet have a name a dialog box
is opened (see "Save as...").
Save as...
3
Saves the file currently being edited under a different name. Enter the drive, directory
and file name under which you wish to save your program in the dialogue box. Then
click the "OK" button.
Save all
As "Save" though this saves all opened files.
50
The Tiger-BASIC® development environment can automatically generate a backup
file when files are saved. Specify whether a backup file is to be created or not with the
Editor command in the Options menu. Enter the desired option in the dialog field
for editor options.
Print
Prints the file currently being edited either fully or partly. The "Current window"
setting only prints that part of the file visible in the Editor (like a screen shot), the
"All" setting prints the complete file.
If the "Header/Page number" button is activated the file name and consecutive page
number will be printed in the first line of every page. A consecutive line numbering
for the entire file can be activated with the "Line number" button. The left margin
setting can be used to to leave a margin free during printout.
51
3
Printer set-up
Selects the printer to be used for printouts and adjusts settings (paper size, paper feed,
resolution, format, etc.)
3
Exit
This terminates work with the development environment. If the Editor still contains
unsaved files these can be saved after a safety inquiry.
52
Edit menu
Undo
The editor includes a full multi-level Undo facility. Each procedure is stored in a
stack-like arrangement. When Undo is choosen, the last operation is undoe. Choosing
Undo again will undo the next-to-last operation, and so on.
The possible number of Undo-steps can be set in the Editor dialog of the Options
menu. Please note that replacing text can lead to many single operations. The
command ‘Auto indent’ cannot be undone.
Cut
A marked text is cut from the present position and copied into the clipboard.
Copy
A marked text is copied into the clipboard.
Paste
The text in the clipboard is inserted at the present cursor position.
Mark All
The whole text in the window is marked.
53
3
Auto indent
A source file can be indented according to the nesting level for more clarity. Enter the
desired indent for the nesting and click "OK". With an indent of 4, each line is shifted
four characters to the right with a new nesting level: nesting level 1 is indented by 4
characters whereas nesting level 3 is already indented by 12 characters.
3
54
Search menu
Search for...
Searches for the entered word from the present cursor position. You can search
forwards or back in the file. The following conditions can also be activated: "As
word" only finds the search term as a separate word, not as part of a word (e.g. the
search term "and" will not be found within "sand"). You can also set a case-sensitive
search ("and" is found but not "AND").
3
55
Replace
The search term will be replaced by a different term. The "As word" and "Case
sensitive" buttons are analogous to those in the "Search for..." function. Click
"Search"" to start the search from the current cursor position. If the search term is
found it will be highlighted in the Editor window. Click "Replace" to replace this and
the program continues its search. Click "Search" to continue the search with no
replacement. The "Replace all" button replaces the term through out the entire text
with no inquiry.
3
Repeat search
Repeats the last search. All further occurrences of the search term can be traced
following the first successful search procedure.
Previous message
Jumps to the previous message in the message window and to the line which has
caused this error message in the Editor.
56
Next message
Jumps to the next message in the message window and to the line which has caused
this next error message in the Editor.
Go to line
Enter a line number and click "OK", the Editor immediately jumps to this line.
3
57
Display menu
Messages
Opens the message window. This window, which is automatically opened in the event
of an error, lists all errors or warnings that have occurred during compiling. The
display initially consists of the word "Error" or "Warning" followed by the line in
which the problem has occurred. The number of the error is in square brackets,
followed by a more detailed description of the error.
3
58
Tiger-Status
A status message can be output here with details of the type and contents of the
connected Tiger module. For example, the version and memory size of the module are
shown, the name of the program in the module, when it was compiled and with which
version and how much space the program needs in the FLASH.
3
59
List of device drivers
This lists all available device drivers. Apart from the creation date, version number
and further information this list also indicates how much space a device driver takes
up in the FLASH or RAM.
3
60
Evaluate/Modify Expression
With this command you enter a dialogue window in which you can inquire and
change the value of one variable. If the cursor is on a variable when the dialog is
called this is entered directly in the "Expression" field. Click on the "Evaluate“ button
to read out the variable value from the module.
The "Format“ button calls a dialog in which the display format for the variables can
be set. The setting only becomes effective if the "Evaluate" button is pressed again.
Numerical variable: To change the value of the variable shown enter the value of
3
the variable in the "New value“ entry field and accept by clicking "Change“.
Monitored Expressions
To permanently monitor terms/variables, open the window of the monitored terms
(View – Watches).
In this window you can open a context menu containing the commands to edit, add,
delete, activate and deactivate as well as update the printouts to be monitored.
61
The context menu commands of the monitored expressions in detail:
3
Command
Description
Deactivate expression
The highlighted expression will be deactivated and no
longer updated.
Activate expression
The highlighted expression will be re-activated.
Delete printout
The highlighted expression will be deleted.
Add expression
A new will be added to the list.
Edit expression
An existing expression will be replaced by a different
one or its form modified.
Updating expression
The list of expressions is updated to the runtime.
Deactivate all expressions
All expressions in the list are deactivated and no longer
updated.
Activate all expressions
All expressions in the list are reactivated.
Delete all expressions
All expressions in the list are deleted .
62
3
The commands "Add expression" and "Edit expression“ open a further input window
in which the name of the expression to be monitored is entered. Click "OK" to accept
the expression in the list, click "Format“ to individually adjust the expression display.
The following possibilities exist:
Numerical variables/expressions can be shown as "decimal/hexadecimal" or
"binary".
String variables can be shown in "ASCII", in "HEX" or as a combination of
"ASCII/HEX".
63
The are further specifications for string variables: do you wish to show the number of
characters in the string specified "at length" "From the start“ of the string, "To the
end" of the string or "From the center" of the string?
3
Update monitored expressions
All variables in the "Monitored expressions“ window will be manually updated with
this command.
You can also set an automatic update after every single step in the
Debugger settings dialogue in the Options menu.Watches
64
Examine FLASH data
The dialog enables:
•
•
•
•
•
Data from the User area of the Flash memory to be viewed
Specification of the starting address and a length
Information on the Sector assignment of the Flash memory
red = occupied by program
green = occupied by User data
yellow = free
Store the date in different views:
binary, i.e. the data how they are
HEX, as HEX-Dump without ASCII
HEX/ASCII, as HEX-Dump with ASCII
BMP, as Bitmap file
Append the data to an existing file
3
To evaluate the flash memory, the module must be accessible in the PC mode. The
interface must be able to associate a program window with the program in the
module.
Specify a start address and the number of bytes. After clicking the "Evaluate" button
the data from the User-Flash of the Tiger-module will be read out and shown. This
can be helpful during debugging if you wish to know what is at a place in the flash. A
condition is that the active editor window shows the same program as in the module
and that you are in the Debug mode.
65
The read out data can be saved in a file. For this purpose, you have to enter a file
name and chose a format. The data can be stored as a data stream or HEX dump.
Click "Store" to start transmission.
3
Examine string
The dialog enables:
•
•
•
•
•
•
66
View data from string
Specification of the starting address and a length
Information on the maximum and the current length of the string
Store the date in different views:
binary, i.e. the data how they are
HEX, as HEX-Dump without ASCII
HEX/ASCII, as HEX-Dump with ASCII
BMP, as Bitmap file
Store string length too
Append the data to an existing file
To evaluate the string, the module must be accessible in the PC mode. The interface
must be able to associate a program window with the program in the module.
Indicate whether you want to examine the current length or the maximum length. The
maximum length is reserved for the string in the memory. Which bytes are initialized,
however, depends of the past history. After clicking the "Evaluate" button the data
from the Tiger-module will be read out and shown. It may be helpful during
debugging to know what is at a place in the string beyond the current length. For
example, the functions STOS$, NFROMS etc. can access this
The read out data can be saved in a file. For this purpose, you have to enter a file
name and chose a format. The data can be stored as a data stream (binary), as a HEX
Dump with or without ASCII or as a bitmap file (e.g. LCD graphic strings). Click
"Store" to start transmission.
67
3
Start menu
Compile
The program in the active window is compiled if it has been modified since the last
compilation. If not, the command is ignored. After compilation you will be shown
how much memory space the program occupies.
3
If a BASIC Tiger® module is recognized at the interface, the compiler queries the size
of the module's RAM and Flash. If no module is found, the information under
"Options/Compiler" is taken as a basis for further work.
The pre-processor initially processes your text and inserts files where an
‘#INCLUDE’ instruction is found, and carries out replacements in the text (see
‘#DEFINE’ instruction). Error messages can already be received from the preprocessor.
The text is then translated and checked for syntax errors, conformity between
declaration and application of variables, matching parameter passing in subroutines.
This can also lead to error messages.
68
An executable BASIC Tiger® program will only be generated if the compiler reports
no errors. Warnings are allowed.
3
Unconditional compiling
Like "Compile", but compilation is carried out in any case.
Run
Starts the program in the active window. The system checks whether the loaded
program is the latest version. If not, a download is first carried out. If the latest
version of the program has not yet been compiled this is also carried out. If the
compiler reports errors the procedure is aborted and no download takes place.
In the Debug mode the program stops when it reaches a breakpoint.
If you quit the PC mode after the download with the sliding switch, your program will
immediately run in the Run mode.
69
Load program
The program in the active window is loaded into Tiger module. If the program has not
yet been compiled this is also carried out. If the compiler reports errors the procedure
is aborted and no download takes place.
3
70
Delete program
Deletes the program in the Tiger module.
3
71
Debug menu
A program which has passed the pre-processor and compiler with no error messages
can still contain errors which only appear during the run time, i.e. during the program
execution in the BASIC-Tiger® module.
3
Normally the module has no chance of reporting errors. It thus reacts as sensibly as
possible by either ignoring the error or quitting the faulty task. If a fatal error occurs
in the MAIN task this is restarted. For further information on error correction during
the run time, please refer to 'Troubleshooting during runtime' in the programming
manual.
Errors should be eliminated during the development phase so as to achieve a
controlled behavior of the module during the run time.
If the sliding switch on your hardware development board is in the PC-mode position
you are in the Debug mode and the program can be run step for step, breakpoints can
be set or a running program stopped. A running program is slightly slower in the
Debug-mode than in the Run mode. The administrative share of the PC mode is more
noticeable with shorter programs than with long programs.
Since the BASIC Tiger® module is still connected to the PC in the Debug mode, run
time errors are reported back to the PC and specific breakpoints can be set to help
detect errors.
72
The next line to be run is always highlighted in green, lines with set breakpoints in
red.
3
Next instruction (in task)
You can run an individual program step in the current task with this command.
All other tasks continue to run according to their priority. Further information on task
priority definition can be found under 'SET_TASK_PRIO' in the programming
manual.
You also run through subroutines with this command.
Execute instructions (in Task)
You can perform a number of steps at once here. The number of program steps to be
performed is queried in a dialog box.
73
Skip subroutine (in task)
You skip run an individual program step in the current task with this command though
subroutines will be run as one step.
Skip subroutines (in task)
You can skip a number of steps at once here. The number of steps to be skipped is
queried in a dialog box. Subroutines are regarded as one step.
Next instruction (overall)
3
You can run an individual program step in the task whose turn it currently is in the
priority distribution with this command. This makes Task-Switching visibly
understandable.
Execute instructions (overall)
You can perform a number of steps here. The number of steps to be performed is
queried in a dialog box.
Execute to cursor
The program runs from its present position up to the program line in which the cursor
is located in the Editor window. The program run is then interrupted.
Stop program
The program run is stopped directly, the next program line to be performed is
highlighted in green. Individual instructions can now be run with the Debug
commands or the program continued with "Run" from the start menu.
Exit program (RESET)
The current program is terminated and returned to its initial status. This is roughly the
same as a hardware reset. The program can then be re-started from scratch.
Toggle breakpoint
This command sets a breakpoint in the line where the cursor is positioned. If your
cursor is already on a breakpoint, this will be deleted.
Specify breakpoint
This command sets a breakpoint in the line where the cursor is positioned. You will
also be asked for the Number of cycles the program is to pass over the breakpoint
before it is actually stopped.
74
Delete all breakpoints
All active breakpoints will be deleted.
If the program is currently on a breakpoint this will be covered by a green bar.
In the event of an error message it is often best to ignore the error at first so that
further errors can be localized before returning to the editor phase. However, if the
error is in a loop it will reoccur during every loop pass and the program run will be
interrupted. You can stop the program from being interrupted in the event of run-time
errors in the Debugger settings dialog from Options menu. However, remember
to reactivate this at the end of work.
When a run-time error stopped the running program then the green bar is behind the
line which caused the error. In an application with more than one task this is usually
in the next task, so that the error message does not make sense when considering the
source code line marked with the green bar. Please step then with F8 through the
tasks until you reach behind the line which really caused the error.
75
3
Options menu
The working environment
• uses a COM-Port in your computer to program the modules and for the
Debug mode
• assumes a certain Flash and RAM size in the Tiger-BASIC® module
• saves working files in directories
• expects Tiger-BASIC® drivers in certain directories
3
Transfer
This is where you specify the serial port used for data transfer to the Tiger module and
the transfer rate (must be at least 38400 Baud). The transfer parameters for the
interface are set automatically.
76
Protocol
If the user interface contacts a tiger module on the PC, it will wait for the answer for a
particular, predefined time. If the module doesn't answer the process is then repeated.
The number of repetitions and Time-Outs is set in this dialog. Two setting sets are
distinguished:
•
•
Laboratory: As a rule, PC and module are connected directly via a short
cable. Delays arise through buffering of the data and the Windows interface.
Transmission interferences are not present.
RDT: representative of all links to the module associated with long delays
and possible disturbance (Modem, Funk).
You can switch between the settings quickly. The Time-Outs and number of
repetitions and can be set in with the "Change" button.
77
3
Compiler
This command tells the Compiler how much Flash and RAM memory your BASICTiger® module has. However, these entries are only used if you compile without a
connected BASIC-Tiger® module and the compiler cannot query the module's actual
parameters. You can also determine whether a file which can be used for the TigerDownloader is to be created.
3
78
Debugger
Relevant settings are carried out for the debugger here. If monitored expressions are
to be automatically updated after every step performed in the Debug mode without
having to press CTRL-W, the corresponding button must be activated here. In
addition, you must set whether the program execution in the Debug mode is to be
aborted or continued when a Run-Time error occurs. Tones can be emitted in the
event of errors.
3
79
Directories
Specify where your Include files, the device driver, the FLASH files, your source file,
the executable Tiger-BASIC® files as well as the Auto-Backup files are located in
this menu item.
3
80
Editor
3
Font and character size
Sets both the font and character size used by the Editor to show the source code.
Keeping blanks
If not marked, the editor removes appended blanks when the line is left. (TAB
characters are not removed). The command "Highlight nesting" is not affected by this,
i.e. this command replaces blanks for nesting by TAB-characters).
Editor mode
You can set an editor mode where you can roam freely across the screen, irrespective
of any text entered, or alternatively a mode where line ends are taken into account
with cursor movements. Try both modes and decide for yourself which is best for you.
You can also specify whether spaces are to be saved as tab stops or spaces during
saving as a file.
81
Automatic indent
Mark this option if the editor should automatically check the indent.
Editor Tabulators
Set how many characters a tab step contains.
Save
Backup copy
3
You can define whether the previous version of the program is to be retained as a
backup copy when storing a new version and at what intervals an automatic backup is
to be carried out.
82
Syntax Emphasis
The syntax emphasis is activated or deactivated in this dialog. The emphasis affects
file types with the listed endings. 4 different types are available. Reserved words can
be recognized or notations tried out with help of the syntax emphasis. As a test, write
"inputline“ and enter the underline later: "input_line", and pay attention to the syntax
emphasis.
3
83
Security code
To protect your software in the BASIC Tiger® or TINY Tiger® module, enter the
following line in your source text:
USER_SECURITY "Codeword"
"Codeword"
3
consists of 3 to 31 characters. The codeword is a combination
of letters and numbers and begins with a letter. It is casesensitive.
If a program which contains a USER_SECURITY line is loaded into the module,
debugging or program deletion is only possible if the same codeword has been
entered in the Security Code dialog of the Options menu. Make sure that you do
not forget the codeword since the program in the module cannot be changed without
this.
84
Window menu
As is common for Windows, a number of windows can be opened simultaneously.
You can have the source text and include files shown at the same time. Messages are
shown in a separate window after compiling.
You can set the arrangement of windows in the windows menu (cascaded/tiled),
arrange window symbols, close all windows at the same time or activate one specific
window.
3
85
Help menu
Use the help command to call up help on Tiger-BASIC®. The context-sensitive help
system is often faster by writing the instruction or function for which you need help in
the source text and then pressing F1 with the cursor on or behind the word.
The majority of help pages offer the possibility of calling example programs. Parts
can be marked in these example programs and copied out with the edit key
combination STRG-C.
3
Contents
This command brings you to a contextually classified help.
86
Search via keyword
Selective search for a specific term such as the name of a command or a function.
3
87
Editor
The normal tools in the Edit menu are available to edit your program text.
The following always applies: a text has to be marked before it can be edited. Only
one point in the text at a time can be marked. The marking corresponds to an enlarged
cursor.
Mark text
3
Marking with the mouse; start at the point where you wish the marking to start and
drag the mouse over the text to be marked with the left button held down.
Marking with the keyboard: go to the point where you want the marking to start, hold
the shift key down and move the cursor over the text to be marked. You can use any
key which moves the cursor, i.e. the arrows, "Page" up and down keys, etc.
As soon as you move the cursor without the shift key held down the marking vanishes
from the text. The cursor regains its normal size.
Delete text
Delete individual characters with the backspace key, delete key or by overwriting
with different characters.
Mark the text and press the backspace key, delete key or overwrite the marked text by
entering a character (except RETURN).
Insert text
Make sure that the Insert mode is active (see status bar along bottom of screen).
Simply write at that point in the text where you wish to insert text.
88
Compiler error messages
No.
Error Message
Description
1
File cannot be opened
Compiled file or one of the included files
cannot be opened.
2
Device driver file cannot be Device driver file cannot be found or opened
opened
by compiler. Check the name of the driver
file used in your program or the path
specified for driver files in the development
environment (see: "Options directories").
3
Tiger system file cannot be
opened
4
Tiger system file version
invalid
5
Tiger system file corrupted
Check that the BASIC Tiger development
system has been correctly installed.
Pre-processor error:
6
Recursive inclusion of a
file illegal
7
Invalid parameter specified An unknown word has been used after ‘#’ or
during macro substitution
the word to be substituted in ‘#define’
immediately after "#define" starts with an
invalid character; permitted in the first
position are "_", a number or a letter.
8
Maximum nesting level for
include files exceeded
File to be included was too deeply nested.
Maximum level of nesting limited to 30.
9
Recursion in \"#define\"phrase. See symbol:
Direct and indirect recursion of definitions in
‘#define’ is illegal.
A file included with "#include" is trying to
include itself directly or indirectly.
89
3
Compiler error:
10
Parameter probably
missing in this instruction
11
Syntax error
12
Undefined variable
By default, Tiger BASIC® does not require a
declaration of the variables before their use.
However, a control can be activated with the
pseudo-instruction ‘USER_VAR_STRICT’,
and is strongly recommended for large
programs. If the control is active, this error
message appears when a variable has not
been declared.
13
Invalid keyword
A composite keyword contains typing errors
in the second or third part, if the keyword is
written in a number of words. We
recommend the use of underscores (not
spaces) as dividers in composite keywords to
improve legibility, e.g.: ‘SET_TASK_PRIO
...’ instead of ‘SET TASK PRIO ...’.
14
Double definition of name
The name in the definition of a variable has
already been used in the program to define a
different variable. See ‘Scope of application
variables’ in the programming manual .
15
Double definition of task/
subroutine
The name has already been used in the
program to define a different task or
subroutine.
16
Instruction outside task/
subroutine
An executable instruction (not pseudoinstruction) must appear within a task or
subroutine, i.e. only between the instructions
‘TASK ...’ and ‘END’ or between ‘SUB ...’
and ‘END’.
3
90
The syntax rules have not been followed or
the keywords have been incorrectly written.
Compiler error:
17
[ 17 ] Invalid nesting.
Possibly: No END in
task/subroutine
Tasks and subroutines cannot be nested in
one another. This error also occurs if a task
or subroutine does not start with the
instruction ‘TASK ...’ or ’SUB ...’ or the
instruction ‘END’ has been forgotten.
18
Kbyte-constants can only
consist of decimal digits
Syntax error, self-explanatory.
19
Octal number ([0-7]) may
not contain letters
20
Octal number can only be
shown by the digits 0..7
21
Binary number ([0-1]) may
not contain letters
22
23
Binary numbers can only
be shown by the digits 0
and 1
24
Invalid character in
numeric constant
3
REAL numbers can only be
shown with decimal digits
25
26
Invalid character in the
REAL constant
27
Only decimal or
hexadecimal digits are
allowed in brackets
% constants may only
consist of hexadecimal
numbers
91
Compiler error:
3
Tiger BASIC® contains instructions which
only allow certain types of constants and
variables as parameters.
28
Variable may not appear in
this position
29
Simple numeric constant
expected as parameter
30
Numeric variable expected
here
31
String constants expected
as parameter
32
String variable expected
here
33
REAL constants invalid at
this position
34
REAL invalid at this
position
35
String name must end with
a '$' character
The name of a string variable must end with
the '$' character. String operations or string
functions cannot otherwise be carried out.
36
String too long. Maximum
length of strong:
The definition of a STRING variable is too
long. Maximum length is 65533 characters.
37
Operator illegal for
calculations with REAL
38
The following arithmetic operators are
allowed for floating point constants and
Illegal use of the arithmetic variables: ‘+’, ‘-’, ‘*’, ‘/’
operators with REAL
39
Opening bracket missing
40
Closing bracket missing
92
Opening or closing bracket missing in the
declaration of ARRAY, STRING, and FIFO
or during access to the elements of
ARRAYs.
Compiler error:
41
Task name not found
The name of a task that does not exist in this
program has been specified in an instruction
related to the task management.
42
No END in task/subroutine
The END instruction is missing in a task or
subroutine.
43
Maximum number of tasks
in program is
Maximum number of tasks in a program has
been exceeded. A maximum of 32 tasks can
be defined in a BASIC Tiger® program.
44
Task name should contain a The name of a task must begin with a letter.
letter as the first character
45
Main task with the name
MAIN missing
Every BASIC Tiger® program must contain a
task with the name ‘MAIN’.
46
"MAIN" task cannot be
abandoned or stopped
47
"MAIN" task cannot be
started
The MAIN task plays a special role in
Tiger BASIC®. The instructions
EXIT_TASK, STOP_TASK, RUN_TASK,
etc. cannot be used for the ‘MAIN’ task.
48
Call undefined function
The function name entered is not a
Tiger BASIC® function.
49
Call subroutine/function:
incorrect data type in
parameter
The data type in the call for a subroutine or
function does not correspond with the data
type in the definition of this subroutine or
which this function requires. The message
also specifies in which parameter the data
type is incorrectly used (first parameter is
number 1) and the deviation from the
expected status: ‘Type in call’ / ‘Type in the
definition’.
3
93
Compiler error:
3
50
Call subroutine / function:
incorrect number of
parameters
The number of parameters in the call for a
subroutine or function does not correspond
with the number of parameters in the
definition of this subroutine or function.
51
Collision: constant in the
call is identified as VAR in
the definition of the
parameter
The use of the modifier ‘VAR’ in the
declaration of a subroutine forces the transfer
of a variable. In the call for this subroutine in
the corresponding parameter, neither
constants nor expressions are variable.
52
Expressions cannot be used The use of expressions, FIFO variables or
as parameters in the call for names of other functions are illegal as
a subroutine
parameters in a subroutine or function.
53
FIFO cannot be transferred
to a subroutine as a
parameter
54
The name of the included
function is used as a
parameter name in
55
RETURN is only provided
to quit the subroutine
RETURN instruction may only appear in a
subroutine, not in the task
56
Invalid condition
The condition in the ‘WHILE’ or ‘IF’
instruction contains a syntax error.
57
Logical operation can only
be used within the
condition
A logical operation is used outside a
condition.
58
Relation operator can only
be used within the
condition
Logical operations and relation operators can
only be used within the condition.
Constructions such as
a = ( b < c ) are invalid.
94
Compiler error:
59
String in the condition has
no relation operator
If a non-STRING variable without relation
operator appears within the condition it can
be evaluated according to the rule ‘equal 0 is
FALSE, unequal 0 is TRUE’. However, a
STRING variable cannot be evaluated.
60
FOR without TO
61
FOR without NEXT
Typical syntax error when using the ‘FOR ...
NEXT’ loop
62
IF without THEN or false
position
Syntax error when using the ‘IF ... THEN ...
ENDIF’ construction.
3
IF without ENDIF
64
WHILE without
ENDWHILE
‘ENDWHILE’ instruction missing after a
‘WHILE’ instruction.
65
SWITCH without
ENDSWITCH
‘ENDSWITCH’ instruction missing after a
‘SWITCH/SWITCHI’ instruction.
66
LOOP without ENDLOOP
‘ENDLOOP’ instruction missing after a
‘LOOP’ instruction.
67
Maximum nesting level
exceeded for FOR
68
exceeded for IF
69
exceeded for SWITCH
The nesting level of the following
constructions in one another is limited:
‘FOR...NEXT’, ‘LOOP...ENDLOOP’,
‘IF...THEN...ELSE...ENDIF’,
‘SWITCH...CASE...ENDSWITCH’,
‘SWITCHI...CASE...ENDSWITCH’
70
CASE constant should be
same type as SWITCHvariable (here: numeric)
71
CASE constant should be
same type as SWITCHvariable (here: string)
In ‘SWITCH...CASE...ENDSWITCH’
constructions only values with identical type
classes can be compared.
95
Compiler error:
3
72
Maximum length for
CASE-String-Constant:
Maximum length of CASE-String-Constant
limited to 250 characters.
73
Only numeric expression
allowed as test expression
in "SWITCHI"
74
Negative constants in
"SWITCHI" are illegal
‘SWITCHI’ constructions are conceived for
a fast processing of the sequential cases to
simplify the universal ‘SWITCH’
construction. Only numeric types (BYTE,
WORD, and LONG) are allowed as test
expressions and only positive integers as
optional constants.
75
SWITCH construction is
too big
SWITCH construction contains too many
branches.
76
Illegal GOTO jump
77
Entry into loop
inadmissible
A GOTO jump is only allowed under the
following conditions:
1. GOTO can only be performed within the
same task or subroutine.
2. Entry into a loop is not possible.
78
No label in task/subroutine
for GOTO jump:
The task or subroutine has no jump flag that
is named as the transfer target in a GOTO
instruction.
79
Double definition of label
The label can only be at one position.
80
Label can only appear
alone in line
A line containing a label may not contain
further instructions.
81
Array not defined
Array must be declared before its first use.
82
String length or number of
elements in array negative
Length and number are by definition
positive.
83
Number of dimensions in
call not identical with
number in declaration
The number of dimensions used during
access to an element of the array must be
identical with the number of dimensions in
the declaration of this array.
96
Compiler error:
84
Variable not of type
ARRAY
No dimension can be specified in the
declaration of a simple variable. Please use
an ARRAY.
85
Maximum size for FIFO
exceeded
FIFO buffer may contain a maximum of
65535 bytes. To calculate the size of the
FIFO buffer, multiply the number of
elements by the size of one element.
86
Maximum device number
exceeded:
The device number must be smaller than 64.
87
File is not device driver file The file name specified in the
‘INSTALL_DEVICE’ instruction is not a
Tiger BASIC® driver file.
88
Device driver an only be
installed in "MAIN" task
All device drivers are installed in the MAIN
task.
89
Device number missing in
instruction
In an instruction in which a device is
addressed the device number is missing in
the first position under the parameters. A
device number always begins with the ‘#’
character.
90
Minimum stack size is:
91
Maximum stack size is:
An illegal stack size has been specified in
USER_STACK_SIZE’. STACK area is
reserved in the RAM for every task to call
subroutines. The default size of this STACK
area is 2048. The size can be altered between
512 and 32765 using the pseudo-instruction
‘USER_STACK_SIZE’.
92
Security key too short;
The length of the security key for the pseudominimum length of security instruction ‘USER_SECURITY’ should be
key is
between 3 and 32.
93
Security key too long;
maximum length of
security key is
3
97
Compiler-error:
94
Function with this number
does not exist for this
pseudo-instruction
Only very specific function numbers can be
used for this pseudo-instruction.
95
This logic port number is
invalid
Inadmissible logic port address.
96
Program takes up too much The RAM area that the program requires for
RAM area
data is larger than the available RAM
memory of the currently connected module.
1. RAM occupied above all by variables.
ARRAYs and STRINGs usually occupy the
most memory. Please note in this connection:
all STRING variables whose size is not
specified in the declaration have default size
(64 byte). This default size can be altered at
random with the pseudo-instruction
‘USER_STRING_SIZE’. 2. STACK area is
reserved in the RAM for every task to call
subroutines. The default size of this STACK
area is 2048. The size can be altered between
512 and 32765 using the pseudo-instruction
‘USER_STACK_SIZE’.
97
Program takes up too much The ROM area that the program requires for
ROM area
code is larger than the FLASH memory of
the currently connected module.
98
Program too big. Maximum The number of lines in a program is limited
number of lines limited to
in limited versions of the development
system.
3
98
Downloader
Downloader
If you wish to send customers who have brought a product with BASIC-Tiger®
Firmware update without passing on your source-code, you must enable your
customers to load a ready compiled program to the module without the TigerBASIC® development environment. For this reason, give every customer the BASICTiger® downloader once either together with your product or with the update.
The file which can be loaded by the downloader to a BASIC-Tiger® module load will
be created in a special format by the compiler (see Compiler in the Option menu in
the Development surrounding Tiger-BASIC®). The default name extension for this
file is TGU’.
System requirements
You (your customer) will need an IBM-compatible computer with the following
minimum equipment to run the BASIC-Tigers® downloader:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
80386 processor
Hard disk with at least 10 MByte free memory
VGA graphics adapter
16 MB RAM
Mouse
Windows Windows 95/98/2000/NT
One free COM-Port
CD-ROM drive or 3.5“ disk drive
The Downloader is available under http://www.wilke-technology.com/
99
3
A description of the BASIC Tiger® and TINY Tiger® modules can be found in chapter
'I/O Extension Modules'.
This manual describes three boards that can be used as a hardware development
platform:
Plug & Play Lab
3
is the most extensive hardware containing a keyboard and LCD
panel as well as an analog power amplifier with loudspeaker.
Connections can be made by jump leads instead of soldering.
BASIC Tiger® prototyping board
is an Euro-sized board containing everything you need to work
with BASIC Tiger® modules with or without on board RS-232,
supporting a keyboard with up to 64 keys and providing a LCD
panel connector.
TINY Tiger® prototyping board
is an Euro-sized board designed for development with
TINY Tiger® modules. This board supports a keyboard with up
to 64 keys and provides a LCD panel connector as well as 7
driver transistors and an 8-LED status display.
Please be sure that you read the right chapter when you are looking for details of your
board. In some cases, the details may be only slightly different.
Note: The information about the hardware of all boards is subject to change without
notice.
100
Downloader
3
Plug & Play Lab
BASIC-Tiger® Prototyping-Board
Tiny-Tiger®-Prototyping-Board
101
Empty Page
3
102
Plug & Play Lab
Plug & Play Lab
Complete applications can be run immediately on the Plug & Play Lab without any
complicated test installations having to be set up during the development phase.
^
The Plug & Play Lab should be regarded as a test installation (which you do not have
to set up yourself) and should only be put into operation by professionally trained
personnel.
3
On the Plug & Play Lab you will find:
• a direct PC connection using one serial RS-232 port
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
connected with the DB9-connector
2nd serial RS-232 port connected with DB9 connector
status LEDs to show the status of the ports
64 extended I/O-Pins
keyboard with 80 keys
reset button
a buzzer for audio outputs
microphone amplifier with microphone
output amplifier with loudspeaker connection
LCD panel 4 x 20 characters
2 x 8 dip switches
2 relays
2 power transistors
reference voltage for AD converter
extension connection
PWM output amplifier with filter
103
A brief summary will initially explain the Plug & Play Lab.
3
The illustration shows the slot for the BASIC Tiger® Module A, the connection for the
PC (serial interface 1) and the PC mode switch as the most important elements to
begin with.
All port-pins for the module are accessible on the plug-pins to the left and right of the
Tiger module.
Care should always be taken when making connections with cable connectors: pins
designated as outputs must not be shorted with VCC or GND or carry excessively
high voltages.
Some pins are already connected to elements on the Plug & Play Lab:
GND is connected to the ground of the Plug & Play Lab.
104
Plug & Play Lab
AGND is connected to the analog ground of the Plug & Play Lab.
VCC is connected to the VCC of the Plug & Play Lab via the "Tiger-VCC" jumper.
Reset can be keyed to GND via the button.
L90→L95 see ‘serial ports' further on in the text.
3
105
The illustration shows the arrangement of the analog elements of the
Plug & Play Lab. The header connectors of the analog part are not connected to any
I/O pins of the BASIC Tiger® module. The supply lines analog-VCC and analogGND are connected to digital-VCC and digital-GND via ferrite cores.
3
106
Plug & Play Lab
Power supply
The Plug & Play Lab is supplied with 9 to 15 V DC through a 10W line voltage
adapter. The supply's negative is applied to the pin of the power supply socket. The
maximum current input is 1 A depending on the load. In normal operation,
approximately 600mA is consumed when all LEDs activated (300mA without LEDs).
3
107
Backup Battery
The Plug & Play Lab has two soldering pads to which a battery can be connected to
backup the power supply for the RAM and clock.
The pads are located alongside the PC-mode switch.
The battery voltage should be 3.6V and may not exceed 5V.
Example of a backup battery with charging resistor for the battery:
3
The load at the alarm output governs the power consumption with a backup battery. A
low-resistance input for the LED display driver is connected here on the
Plug & Play Lab.
You can either do without the display and take the corresponding pin out of its socket,
or accept a higher battery current consumption during the development phase.
108
Plug & Play Lab
PC-Mode
The PC-Mode-Pin is connected to the PC-mode switch on the Plug & Play Lab via
4k7.
3
Following a reset or power-down the BASIC Tiger® module tests whether the PCmode pin is ‘low’. If so, the module enters the PC-Mode/Debug-Mode. If the pin is
‘high’, the module enters the RUN-Mode. The time between Power-on and the initial
activity at the I/O-Pins is approx. 220→230msec.
^
A Reset or Power-down is required to switch the BASIC Tiger® module to the PCmode. It is not enough to simply push the sliding switch into the PC-mode position
during the RUN-mode.
109
Serial connections
The Plug & Play Lab replaces the RS-232 driver, if the fitted BASIC-Tiger® module
has no driver and also accepts Tiger modules with RS-232 drivers. Pleas note the
special features of these pins.
3
The RS-232 pins L90...L95 are initially managed by an internal logic circuit which
accept BASIC-Tiger® modules with or without RS-232 drivers. The signals then
appear at the two DB9 sockets with RS-232 signal level. Since RS-232 drivers invert
the signal a previous inversion has to be reversed if the connected module also
contains an RS-232 driver.
The LED always show the TTL level of the signal even if the BASIC-Tiger® module
has an (inverting) RS-232 driver ‘on-board’.
110
Plug & Play Lab
The pins for the BASIC-Tiger® module are accessible on the Pin strip. However, the
pins RxD0, CTS0 and RxD1 are also the outputs for the 74HC86 which drives the
serial inputs. This should be remembered if you are planning normal outputs here.
The following illustration again shows the situation on the 3 RS-232 input pins.
3
The connection from the driver 74HC86 to the Tiger module differs depending on the
Plug & Play Lab version. The version number can be found in the bottom right of the
PCB.
Plug & Play Labs V1.0 and V1.1: the input TTL drivers HC86 are directly connected
to the module. To disconnect, the IC pins must be bent out of the sockets.
111
Plug & Play Labs V1.2: have 3 jumpers directly below the module to separate the
input TTL driver from the module:
Line
3
Jumper pins
CT0
from 74HC86
to module
Rx1
from 74HC86
to module
Rx0
from 74HC86
to module
Plug & Play Labs V1.3: each have a 1k5 resistor in the line to the module so that
externally fed signals on the pin strip only have to be strong enough to overwrite the
signal from 74HC86. The line does not have to be separated.
112
Plug & Play Lab
The DB9 connector ‘ser0’ connects to the drivers of the serial channel 0 on the
Plug & Play Lab.
3
113
The DB9 connector ‘PC/ser1’ connects to the drivers of the serial channel 1 on the
Plug & Play Lab. The same connector is used to connect the Plug & Play Lab to the
PC for programming purposes.
3
114
Plug & Play Lab
Relays
3
The jump leads connect the BASIC Tiger® outputs L71 and L72 to the inputs of the
relay driver transistors.
115
The relays may only switch voltages below 65V. The load current must not exceed
3A.
Any output pin of the BASIC Tiger® module can be connected to the pin marked
Relay0 or Relay1, by a jump lead. A ‘high’ level signal activates the relay. A ‘low’
level signal deactivates the relay. The imprint on the binding post describes the offposition (deactivated) of the contacts.
3
70
71
116
Plug & Play Lab
3
Jump leads connect the BASIC Tiger® outputs L70 and L71 to the inputs of the
Darlington transistors.
117
The two NPN Darlington transistors are of the type TIP122, which may switch up to
2A approximately and have an internal protective diode.
Any output pin of the BASIC Tiger® module is connected to the pin marked Darl.0 or
Darl.1 by a 'jumper'. A ‘high’ level signal switches through the transistor.
Please note that the ground connection must be made to the external circuit.
3
70
71
118
Plug & Play Lab
Beep
3
The jumpers connect the BASIC Tiger® output L42 to the input for the buzzer (beep).
119
A self-heterodyning mini loudspeaker is provided for simple sound generation (buzzer
or beep).
Any output pin of the BASIC Tiger® module can be connected to the pin marked
‘beep’ (far right of the 9-pin strip connector) by a jump lead. The sound is generated
when the pin is low. The LCD1 device driver uses pin L42 (pin 35) for sound and key
click.
3
120
Plug & Play Lab
Microphone input/Jack socket
3
From the microphone, the signal passes via the jumper on J13 to the volume control
of the microphone amplifier. The microphone amplifier output is connected to the
input of the power amplifier (PA-in) for monitoring purposes and to an analog input
of the BASIC Tiger® module, e.g. An0, for measurement. The resultant volume of the
output amplifier can be independently adjusted. Analog-GND is internally connected
on the Plug & Play Lab.
121
Either the microphone or one of the two stereo jack inputs can be switched to the
input amplifier.
A jumper is plugged onto the header connector directly below the jack socket (J13).
The connector pin on the far left connects the microphone to the amplifier input.
The volume is controlled with the potentiometer below the jumper block J13. The
amplifier output is on the long header connector and is marked ‘micro’. The output
level is between 0 and 4 Volt.
3
122
Plug & Play Lab
3
The microphone amplifier output is connected to the input of the first analog amplifier
‘An0’. The analog amplifier output is connected to an analog input of the
BASIC Tiger® module, e.g. An0. Amplification and zero point are best adjusted with
123
the aid of an oscilloscope. Analog-GND is connected internally on the
Plug & Play Lab.
Four identical amplifiers with adjustable zero point and input potentiometers are
provided. Signals applied to the input should have a DC level of approx. 2.5 V (such
as the microphone amplifier).
3
The inputs are located on the header connector marked ‘analog-in’. Below this you
will find potentiometers for volume (Vol.) and zero point (zero). Please note that both
potentiometers have an interactive effect on each other.
The outputs are on the 9-pin header connector and are marked ‘ampl.-out’ (channels
3-2-1-0). The output level is between 0 and 4 Volt.
Analog inputs
The analog input pins of the BASIC Tiger® module An0→An3 have an input
resistance of 1M and a hardware resolution of 10 Bit. The resolution can be further
increased by means of calculation.
The LEDs show High and Low via CMOS drivers. The analog pins on the
BASIC Tiger® module A are always inputs. Please note that the inputs of the LED
driver are also connected to pins An0→An3, so that the input resistance is lowered.
The reference voltage ‘Vref’ is set at the potentiometer alongside the DB9-connectors.
The voltage may be between 3.5V and VCC (5V). The measuring range is set
between 0 and the reference voltage. Input voltages that are equal to the reference
voltage supply the maximum measured value.
124
Plug & Play Lab
Note1: the reference voltage of the module must be between 3.5V and VCC (5V).
Voltages at the analog input below 0V or exceeding the reference voltage result in
invalid values.
Note2: if the module is switched off the analog input have a very low input
impedance. Protect the circuit using a FET or pre-amplifier.
3
125
PWM amplifier
3
A PWM output of the Tiger BASIC® module is connected to the input of the first
PWM amplifier. Use a potentiometer to reduce the output level of the PWM pins in
order to avoid non-linearities in amplifiers that are supplied with 5V only.
126
Plug & Play Lab
The PWM amplifier's output is connected to the input of the output amplifier via a
resistor, which reduces the input sensitivity of the output amplifier so that the volume
can be more easily adjusted.
3
127
Two PWM amplifiers are provided.
The 2-pin header connector for channel 1-0-Input is located slightly to the right above
the 9-pin header connector.
The outputs appear on the 9-pin header connector (PWM buffer, channels 1-0).
3
128
Plug & Play Lab
Power amplifier
A small power amplifier has its input from the second pin from the right of the 9-pin
header connector, which is marked ‘PA-in’.
The output is connected to both the jack socket for the loudspeaker and directly to the
adjacent 2-pin header connector, J8.
The sensitivity of the input potentiometer can be reduced with a series resistor before
‘PA-in’.
3
129
3
130
Plug & Play Lab
The LCD panel, keyboard and the additional output pins use a common data bus and
each have their own control lines for activation. All lines (apart from ‘beep’) can be
connected to the matching ports of the BASIC Tiger® with 13 jump connectors. The
long plug-type cables are not required.
If the 13 jumpers are on J22, the following connections are made to the BASIC Tiger®
module:
Bus name
BASIC Tiger®-Pins
Pin-No.
D0→D7
L60→L67
2→9
Aclk (Address clock)
L33
30
Dclk (Data clock)
L34
31
INE/keyb (keyboard enable=low)
L35
32
E (LCD: enable)
L36
33
RS (LCD: Reg.select)
L37
34
beep (not to J22)
L42
35
3
All lines are automatically controlled by the device driver "LCD1.TDD". The device
driver is not required to use the extended I/O pins.
Certain applications do not usually require the full configuration.
Note: If you pull the jumper 'INE' for the keyboard you should use a jumper cable to
disable the keyboard driver fixing the 'INE' to 'high' level. The jumper cable is
connected to the pin away from the module at the position of the original jumper.
131
The illustration shows the basis of the extended I/O's, LCD, printer port and
keyboard. The address bus assumes use of an 8-bit memory, into which the addresses
are written with the ‘Aclk’ signal.
3
132
Plug & Play Lab
Further information on the design of the Plug & Play Lab and connection of and use
of components can be found under:
Topic
Page(s)
Extended I/O-system
315
327
Extended outputs
321
Extended inputs
324
3
133
Pin assignment J12
The 2-row header connector J12 on the right hand edge of the Plug & Play Lab is
connected directly to the pins of the Tiger module. You can connect your own
component prototype boards or a self-made Centronics cable here.
3
134
BASIC-Tiger® prototyping board
BASIC Tiger® Prototyping board
Many customer applications can be quickly realized on the BASIC Tiger® prototyping
board without having to develop any special PCB's. The board is standard size
100x160mm and fits into Euro-cases or 19”-racks, or the board can simply be used on
the desk top as a development board. The 4-layer PCB with power layer and GND
layer keeps EMI emissions low.
The BASIC Tiger® prototyping board contains the following equipment :
• 2nd serial RS-232 port connected with header connector
• 16-pin keyboard connector for keyboards with up to 64
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
keys or DIP-switches
reset button
a buzzer for audio outputs
14-pin connector for LCD Panel
8 power transistors connected with the DB25-connector
4 analog amplifiers
DB15-connector
2 channel PWM output amplifier with filter
135
3
A brief summary will initially explain the BASIC Tiger® prototyping board.
3
The illustration shows the slot for the BASIC Tiger® Module A, the connection for the
PC (serial interface 1) and the PC mode switch. These are the most important
elements to begin with.
All port-pins for the module are accessible on the 2-row header connector to the left
of the Tiger module.
that are designated as outputs may not be shorted with VCC or GND or carry
excessively high voltages.
Some pins are already connected to elements on the Prototyping board:
GND is connected to the ground of the Prototyping board.
AGND is connected to the analog ground of the Prototyping board.
VCC is connected to the VCC of the Prototyping board via the "Tiger-VCC" jumper.
L90→L95 see ‘serial ports' further on in the text.
136
Power supply
The BASIC Tiger® prototyping board is supplied with 9 to 15 V DC through a 5W
line voltage adapter. The supply's negative is applied to the pin of the power supply
socket. The maximum current input is 100 mA, depending on the load.
3
137
Backup Battery
The Prototyping board has three soldering pads to which a battery can be connected to
backup the power supply for the RAM and clock.
The pads are located between the regulator and the electrolytic capacitor.
The battery voltage should be 3.6V and must not exceed 5V.
Example of a backup battery with charging resistor for the battery:
3
The load at the alarm output governs the power consumption with a backup battery.
138
PC-Mode
The PC-Mode-Pin is connected to the PC-mode switch on the BASIC Tiger®
prototyping board via 4k7.
3
Following a reset or power-down, the BASIC Tiger® module tests whether the PCmode pin is ‘low’. If so, the module enters the PC-Mode/Debug-Mode. If the pin is
^
A Reset or Power-down is required to switch the BASIC Tiger® module to the PCmode. It is not enough to simply push the sliding switch into the PC-mode position
while in the RUN-mode.
139
Serial ports
If the used BASIC Tiger® module has no RS-232 driver, the prototyping board has
built-in drivers. The prototyping board also accepts Tiger modules that do have RS232 drivers included. Please pay attention to the special features of these pins.
3
The RS-232 Pins L90 to L95 are initially operated through internal logic which
accepts BASIC Tiger® modules with or without RS-232 drivers. The signals then
appear at the DB9-socket and the connector pins of serial channel 0 with a RS-232
signal level.
The pins of the BASIC Tiger® module are accessible at the 46 pin header connector.
However, the outputs of the 74HC86 (see schematics), which drive the serial inputs of
the module, are also connected to pins RxD0, CTS0 and RxD1. This should be taken
into account if you are planing normal outputs on the same pins. The 74HC86 may
then have to be removed.
Please consult the enclosed circuit diagram in the event of uncertainties relating to the
connections.
140
Pin assignment DB9
The DB9 connector ‘PC/ser1’ connects to the drivers of the serial channel 1of the
Tiger module. The same connector is used to connect to the PC for downloading or
during a debugging session.
3
141
Pin assignment DB15
The male DB15 connector J9 can be connected via jumpers to the serial interface 0 of
the Tiger module. 4 additional pads are available. They are useful if you have your
own RS-422 or RS485 drivers needing more pins on the DB15 connector.
3
The following table shows the pin assignment if jumpers are used to connect straight
to the DB15 connector. As examples, the table shows also how to connect to a PC
DB9 or DB25 connector.
Signal
DB15
DB9 (PC)
DB25 (PC)
Tx0 (output)
6
2
3
Rx0 (input)
4
3
2
RT0 (output)
5
8
5
CT0 (input)
7
7
4
GND
8
5
7
142
Pin assignment of ‘serial 0’ connector
On the 2-row header connector J8/13/14/15 you can jumper the serial 0 port lines to
the DB15 connector or wire your own external connector.
3
A GND pad can be found on the unconfigured key near to the reset key.
143
3
The jumpers connect the BASIC Tiger® output L70 to an input of the Darlington
transistors.
144
The 8 NPN Darlington transistors MJD122 may switch up to approximately 2A and
have an internal protective diode.
Any output pin of the BASIC Tiger® module can be connected with the pads or
header pins near the DB25 connector. A ‘high’ level switches through the transistor.
Please note that the ground connection must be made to the external circuit.
3
145
Beep
3
The jump lead connects the BASIC Tiger® output L42 to the input for the buzzer. A
mini loudspeaker is provided for simple sound generation.
Any output pin of the BASIC Tiger® module can be connected to the pad marked
‘beep’ by a jump lead. The sound is generated when the pin is low. The LCD1 device
driver uses pin L42 (pin 35) for sound and key click.
146
3
147
3
An external AC source with a 2.5V DC level can be connected to the input of the first
analog amplifier ‘An0’. The analog amplifier output is connected to an analog input
of the BASIC Tiger® module, e.g. An0. Amplification and zero point are best adjusted
with the aid of an oscilloscope. Analog-GND is connected internally on the
Prototyping board.
148
Four identical amplifiers with adjustable zero point and input potentiometers are
provided. Signals applied to the input should have a DC level of approx. 2.5 V.
3
The amplifier inputs are located on the header connector marked ‘analog-in’. Below
this you will find potentiometers for volume (Vol.) and zero point (zero). Please note
that both potentiometers have an interactive effect on each other.
The outputs are on another 4-pin header connector marked ‘Analog-out’ (channels 32-1-0). The output level is between 0 and 4 Volts (approximately).
Analog inputs
The analog input pins of the BASIC Tiger® module An0→An3 have an input
resistance of 1MΩ and a 10 Bit hardware resolution. The resolution can be further
increased by means of calculation.
A reference voltage must be supplied to the BASIC Tiger® pin ‘Vref’. The voltage
may be between 3.5V and VCC (5V). The measuring range is set between 0 and the
reference voltage. Input voltages that are greater or equal to the reference voltage
supply the maximum measured value.
Note1: the reference voltage of the module must be between 3.5V and VCC (5V).
Voltages at the analog input below 0V or exceeding the reference voltage result in
invalid values.
Note2: if the module is switched off the analog input have a very low input
impedance. Protect the circuit using a FET or pre-amplifier.
149
PWM amplifier
3
A PWM output of the Tiger BASIC® module is connected to the input of the first
PWM amplifier. The PWM amplifier output is on the same connector.
150
Two PWM amplifiers are provided.
A 4-pin header connector is located to the left of the BASIC Tiger®, module below the
buzzer. This is for inputs to, and outputs from channels 1 and 0.
3
PWM out
PWM header connector :
PWM-in 0
1
PWM-in 1
2
PWM-out 0
3
PWM-out 1
4
151
3
152
The LCD panel, keyboard and the additional output pins use a common data
bus and each have their own control lines for activation. All lines (apart from ‘beep’)
can be connected to the matching ports of the BASIC Tiger® with 13 jumpers on J22.
If the 13 jumpers are on J22, the following connections are made to the BASIC Tiger®
module:
Bus name
BASIC Tiger®-Pins
Pin-No.
D0 to D7
L60 to L67
2 to 9
L33
30
Dclk (Data clock)
L34
31
INE/keyb (IN-/keyboard enable)
L35
32
E (LCD: enable)
L36
33
L37
34
beep (not on J22)
L42
35
3
All lines are automatically controlled by the device driver "LCD1.TDD". The device
driver is not required to use the extended I/O pins.
Certain applications do not usually require the full configuration. If you pull the
jumper 'INE' for the keyboard you should use a jumper cable to disable the keyboard
driver fixing the 'INE' to 'high' level. The jumper cable is connected to the pin away
from the module at the position of the original jumper.
153
The illustration shows the basis of the extended I/Os, LCD panel, printer port and
keyboard. The address bus assumes an 8-bit memory is used into which the addresses
are written with the ‘Aclk’ signal.
3
154
Further information on the connection and use of components can be found elsewhere
in the manual. The design of the Prototyping board is also explained in more detail.
Topic
Page(s)
Extended I/O-system
315
327
Extended outputs
321
Extended inputs
324
3
155
On the 2-row header connector, J2, you can connect your own keyboard matrix with
up to 8 rows and up to 8 columns. Pin 1 is located close to the contrast potentiometer.
3
In order to use the keyboard, the jumpers for the bus system on J22 must be in place.
156
For the LCD panel, there is a 1row 14pin header connector. Pin 1 is located close to
the PC-mode switch.
3
In order to use the LCD Panel, the jumpers for the bus system on J22 must be in
place.
157
Pin assignment J23
The 2-row header connector, J23, on the left hand side of the module socket is
connected directly to the pins of the Tiger module. You can connect your own
prototype boards or a self-made Centronics cable here, or use the pads to make
connections into the patch area.
3
158
Tiny Tiger® prototyping board
TINY Tiger® Prototyping board
Many customer applications can be quickly realized on the TINY Tiger® prototyping
board without developing any special PCB's. The board is a standard size,
100x160mm.
On the TINY Tiger® prototyping board you will find:
• 2nd serial RS-232 port connected with DB9 connector
• 16-pin keyboard connector for keyboards with up to 64
•
•
•
•
•
•
keys or DIP-switches
reset button
14-pin connector for LC-display
7 driver transistors up to 0.5A
8 general purpose driven LED
large patch area
extension connection
A brief summary will initially explain the TINY Tiger® prototyping board.
159
3
The illustration shows the slot for the TINY Tiger® module. The connection for the
PC (serial interface 1) and the PC mode switch are the most important elements to
begin with.
All port-pins for the module are accessible on the 2-row header to the right of the
TINY Tiger® module.
that are outputs may not be shorted with VCC or GND or carry excessively high
voltages.
3
Some pins are already connected to elements on the TINY Tiger® prototyping board:
GND is connected to the ground of the Prototyping board.
VCC is connected to the VCC of the Prototyping board via the "Tiger-VCC" jumper.
L90 to L95 see ‘serial ports’ further on in the text.
160
Power supply
The TINY Tiger® prototyping board is supplied with 9 to 15 V DC through a 5W line
voltage adapter. The supply's negative is applied to the pin of the power supply
socket. The maximum current input is 0.3A depending on the load.
3
161
PC-Mode
The PC-Mode-Pin is connected to the PC-mode switch on the TINY Tiger®
prototyping board via 4k7.
3
Following a reset or power-down, the TINY Tiger® module tests whether the PCmode pin is ‘low’. If so, the module enters the PC-Mode/Debug-Mode. If the pin is
A Reset or Power-down is required to switch the TINY Tiger® module to the PCmode. It is not enough to push the sliding switch into the PC-mode position while in
the RUN-mode.
162
^
Serial ports
The TINY Tiger® prototyping board contains the RS-232 drivers. Please pay attention
to the special features of these pins.
3
The RS-232 Pins, L90 to L95, are operated by the RS-232 drivers. The output
signals appear at the two DB9-sockets with RS-232 signal levels.
The pins of the TINY Tiger® module are accessible at the header connector J2.
However, the outputs of the serial input drivers are also connected to pins RxD0,
CTS0 and RxD1. This should be taken into account if you are planing normal outputs
there.
Please consult the enclosed circuit diagram in the event of uncertainties relating to the
connections.
163
The DB9 connector ‘ser0’ connects to the drivers of the serial channel 0 of the
TINY Tiger® module.
3
164
The DB9 connector ‘PC/ser1’ connects to the drivers of serial channel 1of the
TINY Tiger® module. The same connector is used for connection to the PC for
programming sessions.
3
165
Driver transistors (NPN)
3
The 'jumper' connects the TINY Tiger® output L70 to a driver transistor input.
166
The 7 NPN driver transistors in the array IC ULN2003 may switch up to
approximately 0.5A and have an internal protective diode.
Any designated output pin of the BASIC Tiger® module can be connected to the pads,
or header pins (J5), of the driver transistors. A ‘high’ level switches through the
transistor. The common emitter of the ULN2003 series is connected to the board’s
ground. Please note that the ground connection must also be made to the external
circuit.
3
167
LED status display
3
The jumpers connect the TINY Tiger® output pins L80 and L86 with two of the LED
driver inputs.
168
The LED status display drives 8 LED. If the driver input is TTL high, the LED is on.
Random output pins of the BASIC Tiger® module are connected with the header pins
(J4) of the LED drivers.
3
169
Bus-System for LCD panel, keyboard and 64 I/O-Pins
3
The jumpers on J3 connect the TINY Tiger® port pins to the bus system for extended
I/O, LCD panel, keyboard and printer.
170
The LCD panel, keyboard and the additional output pins use a common data
bus and each have their own control lines for activation. All lines (apart from ‘beep’)
can be connected to the matching ports of the BASIC Tiger® with 13 jumpers. The
jump leads do not have to be used.
If the 13 jumpers are on J3, the following connections are made to the TINY Tiger®
module:
Bus name
BASIC Tiger®-Pins
Pin-No.
D0 to D7
L60 to L67
1 to 8
L33
29
Dclk (Data clock)
L34
30
INE/keyb (IN-/keyboard enable)
L35
31
E (LCD: enable)
L36
32
L37
33
3
All lines are automatically controlled by the device driver "LCD1.TDD". As a
TINY Tiger® does not have the pin L42, which is used by the LCD1 device driver to
control the buzzer, the installation of the LCD1 driver for TINY Tiger® must include
some extra parameters in order to change the buzzer control pin.
The device driver is not required to use the extended I/O pins.
Note: If you pull the jumper 'INE' for the keyboard you should use a jumper cable to
disable the keyboard driver fixing the 'INE' to 'high' level. The jumper cable is
connected to the pin away from the module at the position of the original jumper.
171
The illustration shows the basis of the extended I/Os, LCD, printer port and keyboard.
The address bus assumes an 8-bit memory is used into which the addresses are written
with the ‘Aclk’ signal.
3
172
Further information on the design of the Prototyping board, connection and use of
components can be found elsewhere in the manual.
Topic
Page(s)
Extended I/O-system
315
327
Extended outputs
321
Extended inputs
324
3
173
On the 2-row header connector J1 for the keyboard, you can connect your own
keyboard matrix with up to 8 rows and up to 8 columns. Pin 1 is located close to the
contrast potentiometer.
3
In order to use the keyboard the jumpers for the bus system on J3 must be in place.
174
For the LCD panel, there is a 1-row 14-pin header connector (J8).
3
In order to use the LCD Panel the jumpers for the bus system on J3 must be in place.
175
Pin assignment J2
The 2-row header connector, J2, is connected to the pins of the TINY Tiger® module.
You can connect your own prototype board or a self-made Centronics cable here or
use the pads to make connections into the patch area. Furthermore, as the pin
assignment of J2 is the same as the pin assignment of J23 on the Plug & Play Lab,
you can connect both boards (using one module at the same time).
3
176
Tiger Terminal
Tiger Terminal
The Tiger-Terminal extends the BASIC Tiger® Prototyping Board, the Tiny Tiger®
Prototyping Board or own equipment, adding a keyboard, LC display, as well as
8 extended outputs.
^
The Tiger Terminal should be regarded as a test installation (which you do not have to
set up yourself) and should only be put into operation by professionally trained
personnel.
3
On the Tiger-Terminal you will find:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Keyboard with 81 keys
2 x 8 Dip switch
LC display 4 x 20 characters
Beeper
8 extented output pins
Status display of the 8 output pins
Connector for Tiger data bus and control lines (ACLK, DCLK, INE)
Connector for power supply 8...12V DC
177
Installation
The Tiger Terminal is an additional hardware for BASIC Tiger® Modules or Tiny
Tiger® Modules. It is supposed that you are familiar with BASIC-Tiger® and that you
own the original manuals of the development environment.
Keyboard, LC display, and extended outputs of the Tiger Terminal are nearly
identical to the same equipment on the ‘Plug & Play Lab’, as described earlier in this
manual.
3
The extended ports are described in chapter 5 under the headline ‘Extended I/O
System’.
The power supply of the Tiger Terminal can be
• unstabilized 8...12V DC using the connector for the power supply. Jumper S3
•
178
must be set in this case,
stabilized 5V from connector J1 with Jumper S3 left open.
Tiger Terminal
Using a flatcable the connector J4 of the Tiger Terminal can directly be connected to
the bus connector of the BASIC Tiger® Prototyping Board or the Tiny Tiger®
Prototyping Board.
J5 can be connected to the beep output pin of the module. The device driver
LCD1.TDD uses on BASIC Tiger® modules the pin L42 as sound output for keyboard
click, error beep, etc.
When the jumper J6 is equipped then the backlight of the LC display is ON (if the
LCD has a backlight).
The keyboard is adapted to the device driver LCD1.TDD in the same way as
described in the Device Driver and Applications Manual, chapter 'Applications', under
the headline ‘Plug & Play Lab keyboard customization’.
179
3
Bus connector for LCD, keyboard and 8 outputs
Via a flatcable the Tiger Terminal is connected with the prototyping board.
Pin Pin Name
3
BASIC
Modultyp-A
Tiny Tiger
Tiger® Pins
Pin No.
Pin No.
1
2
D0
L60
2
1
3
4
D1
L61
3
2
5
6
D2
L62
4
3
7
8
D3
L63
5
4
9
10 D4
L64
6
5
11
12 D5
L65
7
6
13
14 D6
L66
8
7
15
16 D7
L67
9
8
17
18 Aclk (Address clock)
L33
30
29
19
20 Dclk (Data clock)
L34
31
30
21
22 ine
L35
32
31
23
24 E (LCD: enable)
L36
33
32
25
26 RS (LCD: Reg.select)
L37
34
33
180
Tiger Terminal
Pinbelegung des LC-Display-Anschlusses
The LC display is connected on a 1-row 14-pin header.
3
The Contrast poti of the LC display is located on the left side near the bus connector.
Extended outputs
The 8 extended outputs are by default accessed at logical address 10h. Bit 0 is on the
right end of the header. The shift LED of the keyboard is identical with bit 0 of the
extended port.
181
Technical characteristics Tiger Terminal:
Size / weight:
PCB: 220 x 101 mm
with LCD: approx. 220 x 154 x 64,5 mm / 310g
Power supply
8V...12V DC, approx. 100mA
oder 4,7V...5,5V, approx. 100mA
with LC display backlight: 150mA
3
Load on ext. I/O pins
all pins 5mA
Temperature range
0...50°C
No. of keys
79
No. of DIP switches
2x8
LC display
4 lines à 20 characters (other typen can be
connected as well)
182
Programming adapter
Programming adapter
Use the Tiger programming adapter to program BASIC Tiger® or TINY Tiger®
modules in series.
• Connect the programming adapter to a COM port of your
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
PC with the serial cable.
Start the Tiger BASIC® development system on your PC.
If the error message "Interface could not be opened"
appears, ignore this and confirm with OK.
Select the Transmit command from the Options menu
and specify the COM port to which the programming
adapter is connected in the dialogue box.
Plug the BASIC Tiger® module or TINY Tiger® module
into the ZIF-sockets of the programming adapter (the
programming adapter must always be switched off). Pin 1
is on the left side of the module and is located as close as
possible to the levers of the ZIF-sockets.
Make sure that the line voltage adapter is set to 9 Volts and
that the polarity of the plug is ‘outside positive’. The
Plug & Play Lab will not function if the polarity is
incorrect, but it will not be destroyed.
Connect the programming adapter to the line voltage
adapter.
Load the program into the module using the command
Load program from the menu Start.
If the module cannot be programmed now, use a pointer to
press the reset button. Normally, the module does not need
to be reset before using the programming adapter.
Technical Specifications:
Dimensions / Weight:
ca. 113 x 89 x 51 mm / ca. 350g
Power supply
8V to 15V / ca. 20mA (without Module)
Display
Power
Connections:
DB9-connector for PC-COM-port (1:1)
183
3
1
46
1
44
23
23
3
184
24
Before you start
1
Installation
2
3
4
5
Index
6
Appendix
7
185
Empty Page
186
BASIC-Tiger® control computer
4 BASIC Tiger® control computer
BASIC Tiger® control computers are available as module types with various
capabilities and memory sizes. The module series A is currently available with up to
38 installed I/O lines and up to 1 Mbyte of memory. Modules with more memory,
internal I/O pins and additional features are being developed. Programs for
BASIC Tiger® control computers can be run on any of the various types of Tiger
modules.
The BASIC Tiger® System offers the user easy-to-program and universal module
computers for a wide range of applications. Tiger BASIC® has powerful mechanisms
for modular, structured programming. Tiger BASIC programs also have high
execution speeds.
Software applications can be carried out in In-Circuit and without UV erasure both
during the development phase and at a later point in time. This can be either via a
direct RS-232 link to a PC / Notebook or a connect via IR-transmission or RDT.
Flash memory
The Flash memory is of high importance. Tiger BASIC® programs are stored in the
Flash memory and BASIC programs can use free Flash for permanent data storage.
There now follows information to help you better understand certain instructions and
relationships.
Data stored in the FLASH memory is retained for at least 10 years, even after the line
power has been isolated. The FLASH memory contents can be electrically erased and
rewritten. At least 100,000 erasure cycles are possible.
The Flash memory can be written to and read from byte by byte. The data is erased
sector by sector. The number and size of the sectors depends on the module type.
Currently, common sector sizes are 16 Kbytes and 64 Kbytes. The function
SYSVARN provides information on the sector size and number of free sectors in the
module.
Both writing and erasing take longer than writing to a RAM memory, for example.
However, the access, read and write speed is high compared to mechanical media, i.e.
hard disks, floppy disks etc. The reliability and strength of the Flash memory is also
higher, an important factor for control systems.
187
4
If you wish to write new data into a FLASH memory at a location already containing
data, the corresponding sector must be erased beforehand. A typical cycle for a Flash
memory sector could be as follows:
• Erase sector
• Write + read data
• Erase sector
An erased FLASH sector only contains bytes with the value 0FFh (11111111b).
During a FLASH writing process, only bits with the value "0" can be written. Bits
within the FLASH memory that have a value of "0" can not be converted to a value of
"1" by writing to them. In order to amend individual bits to store the value "1", the
corresponding sector must be erased beforehand, i.e. set all sector bits to "1". After
this, write the corresponding "0" bits to generate the required "1" bit values.
4
Remember, BASIC Tiger® only allows you to write "0" bits at storage locations with
"1" bits. As an example:
An erased FLASH storage cell (content: FFh) can be written row for row with
additional 0 bits, bit by bit, without the corresponding sector having to be erased
between times, e.g.:
Hex
Binary
FF
11111111
7F
01111111
3F
00111111
1F
00011111
0F
00001111
07
00000111
This can be used, for example, in applications operating time counters or charge
counters. If a high bit is set to 0 every 10 seconds in a 16 Kbytes sector, this provides
a counter covering a period of approximately 15 days (1,310,720 seconds). Once the
sector is full, a carryover into the next sector can be created and the low-order sector
can be erased.
188
An attempt to write a "1" value bit to the Flash will be unsuccessful.
This writing policy for the FLASH memory also determines the strategy when using
the FLASH memory as "pseudo" RAM device, e.g. as a replacement floppy disk or as
a memory for information which is only occasionally modified.
In the simplest case you will have, the same number of free sectors as you have tables
or files to store, and the number of write processes is not very high. This allows you
to easily write into the desired FLASH sector and to erase this when data is to be
replaced with new data. 100,000 erasure cycles per sector is the natural limit. As an
example: with a maximum of 30 erasing cycles each day, this natural limit will only
be reached in 30 years.
If an application wishes to refresh data more frequently, you can exploit the feature
whereby any bit pattern (byte) in the FLASH can be overwritten with the value 00h.
This means that flags and pointers linked to data records can be overwritten with an
"Invalid" code. In other words, if you have enough space within a sector to write the
corresponding data record 100 times in succession and also a flag table, the data
record can be rewritten exactly 100 times into FLASH sector before the sector has to
be erased. This means that the number of possible write-erase cycles has already been
multiplied by one hundred.
If you also wish to protect the write and erase process against a possible power-down,
which can lead to garbled information, you can use a series of sectors to form a data
backup. For example, 2 sectors could be used to hold the necessary data, which are
written and erased in a number of successive stages.
^
The FLASH memory is temporarily unavailable during erasure with the instruction
ERASE_FLASH. Depending on the module type, this may lead to a temporary
standstill of all tasks in the module (approx. 0.5 - a number of seconds). Special
modules are available for applications where this is not desired.
If certain FLASH sectors are not occupied by program code, these are available to a
Tiger BASIC® program as data memory. The Flash memory that is available to the
user always starts at address 0. It is always complete sectors that are made available,
which can then be written to and read from byte by byte. Erasure is carried out sector
by sector.
Important information regarding the Flash memory of a particular module can be
found using system parameters. (Function SYSVARN).
189
4
Module series A
Modules in the module series A differ through the size of their FLASH and RAM
memories as well as through the possible presence of the RS-232 driver and real-time
clock. You must use Tiger BASIC® to program these modules, TINY BASIC® will
not download to series A modules.
BASIC Tiger® module A Pin configuration
4
190
BASIC-Tiger® A pin-description
Pin- Name
No.
Description
1
reserved
2
L60
Port 6 - Pin 0
3
L61
Port 6 - Pin 1
4
L62
Port 6 - Pin 2
5
L63
Port 6 - Pin 3
6
L64
Port 6 - Pin 4
7
L65
Port 6 - Pin 5
8
L66
Port 6 - Pin 6
9
L67
Port 6 - Pin 7
10
L70
Port 7 - Pin 0
11
L71
Port 7 - Pin 1
12
L72 / PWM
Port 7 - Pin 2 or PWM-output
13
L73 / PWM
14
L80
Port 8 - Pin 0
15
L81
Port 8 - Pin 1
16
L82
Port 8 - Pin 2
17
L83
Port 8 - Pin 3
18
L84
Port 8 - Pin 4
19
L85
Port 8 - Pin 5
20
L86
Port 8 - Pin 6
21
L87
Port 8 - Pin 7
22
Reset in
Reset input
23
GND
Ground
4
191
4
Pin- Name
No.
Description
24
L90 / TxD0
Port 9 - Pin 0 or send line serial Port 0
25
L91 / RxD0
Port 9 - Pin 1 or receive line serial Port 0
26
L92 / CTS0
Port 9 - Pin 2 or CTS0
27
L93 TxD1
28
L94 RxD1
29
L95 RTS0
Port 9 - Pin 5 or RTS0
30
L33
Port 3 - Pin 3
31
L34
Port 3 - Pin 4
32
L35
Port 3 - Pin 5
33
L36
Port 3 - Pin 6
34
L37
Port 3 - Pin 7
35
L42
Port 4 - Pin 2
36
L40
Port 4 - Pin 0
37
L41 / PC
PC-Mode-Pin
38
Alarm out
Alarm output (with clock, otherwise NC)
39
Analog In 0
Analog input 0 (0V→VCC)
40
Analog In 1
41
Analog In 2
42
Analog In 3
43
A/D-Ref-in
A/D-Reference voltage: 3.5→5.0V, 1.5mA max.
44
Analog GND
Analog ground
45
Battery in
Connection for external battery
46
VCC (5V)
Power supply
192
Technical characteristics BASIC-Tiger® A
The following technical characteristics apply for all models in the module series A:
Overall size / Weight:
approx. 63 x 41 x 12 mm / approx. 50g
Power supply
4.7V→5.5V / approx. 45 mA
Power rating of the I/O-Pins
all Pins 1.6mA, or max. 8x 3.5mA
Reset
Power-ON-Reset on module and through external
input (low=active reset)
Battery for clock + RAM
Connection for external backup battery (Pin 45)
at 5V: approx. 150µA
at 3V approx. 50µA
A/D-Inputs
4 channels (Pin 39 to Pin 42)
Resolution 8, 10-Bit
Input voltage 0V→Vref (Vref=3.5V→5V)
Input resistance: 1M
4
Note1: the reference voltage of the module must be
between 3.5V and VCC (5V).
Voltages at the analog input below 0V or exceeding
the reference voltage result in invalid values.
Note2: if the module is switched off the analog input
have a very low input impedance. Protect the circuit
using a FET or pre-amplifier.
PWM
2 PWM-channels (Pin 12 and Pin 13)
Resolution 6, 7, 8-Bit
Repetition frequency 1.2kHz→80kHz
193
Technical data which varies depending on the model:
RAM
128KB, 256KB, 512KB, 1MB, 2MB
Flash-ROM
128KB, 512KB, 2MB, 4MB
Clock (optional)
with calendar + alarm function (Alarm active low,
Pin 38)
2 serial channels
alternative TTL-level or RS-232 driver on-board
(Pin 24→Pin 29)
Pins 24→29 can also be used as digital I/Os through
software adjustment if the V24 drivers are not
configured.
4
EMC note: Although a lot has already been done in the module for the
‘electromagnetic compatibility’ and against interfering radiation (Multi-Layer PCB
with VCC and GND layer, through internal vaporisation of shielded casing, VCCferrite), further measures have to be taken if a CE-symbol is required for the terminal
device. The following measures are suggested for the module:
• provide a tantalum and ceramic capacitor as close as possible to the VCC-pin
•
•
•
of the module (e.g. 47 µ F+100 nF).
connect VCC to VCC via a choke (e.g. 68nH).
earth all inputs and outputs via 1nF or corresponding varistors with a similar
capacity wherever possible.
Initialise unused I/O pins per software as an input.
There is no patent remedy for making a project resistant to jamming and with a low
radiation. Apart from the suggestions made above, the additional peripheral
equipment and wiring also always play role.
BASIC Tiger® A RESET-in
BASIC Tiger® A is equipped with an internal reset generator and a reset input pin.
Reset is used for a variety of purposes:
•
•
•
•
194
Cause defined start conditions on power-on
Synchronize several logical units in system on power-up.
Manual abort (panic key)
Additional security using external watch dog
The reset input of BASIC Tiger® A is a digital input with internal pull-up resistor of
10k. The pin can be left open when the system does not need an external reset. For a
reset the pin must be pulled to ground at least 0.4µsec. This input is not identical with
the internal reset net. The actual reset time is determined internally. An automatic
reset will also take place when the supply voltage goes below 4.6V. Also short break
downs of VCC from 2µsec or longer are recognized and a well-timed reset is
generated internally.
In larger systems consisting of several logical units or computers a central reset
should be generated. Some power supplies are equipped with a ‘power good’ output
signalizing that the supply voltage is now stable.
4
195
Dimensions BASIC-Tiger® A:
41mm
4.8...5.8mm
1400mil = 35.6mm
2.54mm
63mm
4
12mm
196
TINY Tiger® Module
The TINY Tiger® modules are the smallest modules that can be programmed with
TINY BASIC® or Tiger BASIC® software.
TINY Tiger® Pin configuration
4
197
Modules in the TINY Tiger® series differ from the series A module in the size of their
RAM memories and the possible presence of the real-time clock.
The examples and applications mentioned in this manual are primarily made for the
BASIC Tiger® A Modules. The command line installing the LCD1.TDD device
driver must have extra parameters in order to re-allocate the sound pin on
TINY Tiger® modules. In some cases an example may not run on TINY Tiger®
modules that only have 32k of RAM. Also the Tiny-Tiger® Economy has natural
limitations as it has less I/O pins.
The unused RAM in a 32k TINY Tiger® module containing a program is not much
more than 10k bytes. The following hints will help you to get the maximum
performance with little RAM:
• The default stack size for every task is 2k bytes. Include
4
•
•
•
•
198
the line ‘USER_STACK_SIZE nnn’ to reduce the stack of
any task down to 512 bytes.
The default string size is 64 bytes. Set the string size to the
required size when declaring the string. This rule applies
especially to ARRAYs of STRINGS.
Include only device drivers you require for your
application. Especially buffered drivers like the
LCD1.TDD, SER1.TDD, PRN1.TDD need RAM for their
buffers.
In explaining the CALL instruction you find information
about the usage of the task stack. Parameters passed to a
subroutine, as well as local variables, use the stack
according to their size.
During the development phase of your project, you may
determine the runtime stack requirements using the
function SYSVARN (function numbers DSTACK_FILL
and DSTACK_FREE).
TINY Tiger® pin description
Pin- Name
No.
Description
1
L60
Port 6 - Pin 0
2
L61
Port 6 - Pin 1
3
L62
Port 6 - Pin 2
4
L63
Port 6 - Pin 3
5
L64
Port 6 - Pin 4
6
L65
Port 6 - Pin 5
7
L66
Port 6 - Pin 6
8
L67
Port 6 - Pin 7
9
L70
Port 7 - Pin 0
10
L71
Port 7 - Pin 1
11
L72 / PWM
12
L73 / PWM
13
L80
Port 8 - Pin 0
14
L81
Port 8 - Pin 1
15
L82
Port 8 - Pin 2
16
L83
Port 8 - Pin 3
17
L84
Port 8 - Pin 4
18
L85
Port 8 - Pin 5
19
L86
Port 8 - Pin 6
20
L87
Port 8 - Pin 7
21
Reset in
Reset input
22
GND
Ground
4
199
4
Pin- Name
No.
Description
23
L90 / TxD0
24
L91 / RxD0
25
L92 / CTS0
26
L93 TxD1
27
L94 RxD1
28
L95 RTS0
29
L33
Port 3 - Pin 3
30
L34
Port 3 - Pin 4
31
L35
Port 3 - Pin 5
32
L36
Port 3 - Pin 6
33
L37
Port 3 - Pin 7
34
Alarm out
Alarm output (with clock, otherwise NC)
35
Reserved
Connect to VCC
36
L41 / PC
PC-Mode-Pin
37
Analog In 0
38
Analog In 1
39
Analog In 2
40
Analog In 3
41
Analog GND
Analog ground
42
A/D-Ref-in
A/D-Reference voltage: 3.5→5.0V
43
Battery in
Connection for external battery
44
VCC (5V)
Power supply
200
Technical characteristics TINY Tiger®
The following technical characteristics apply for all TINY Tiger® models:
Approx. 60 x 28 x 10,7 mm / approx. 28g
Power supply
All Pins 1.6mA, or max. 8x 3.5mA
Reset
at 3V approx. 50µA
2 serial channels
TTL-level (Pin 23→Pin 28)
software adjustment
A/D-Inputs
4 channels (Pin 39 to Pin 42)
PWM
2 PWM-channels (Pin 11 and Pin 12)
201
4
4
RAM
32kB, 128KB, 512kB
Flash-ROM
128KB, 512kB
Clock (optional)
Pin 34)
at 3V approx. 50µA
with VCC and GND layer, VCC-ferrite), further measures have to be taken if a CEsymbol is required for the terminal device. The following measures are suggested for
the module:
• connect VCC to VCC via a choke (e.g. 68nH).
• earth all inputs and outputs via 1nF or corresponding varistors with a similar
• Initialise unused I/O pins per software as an input.
TINY Tiger® RESET-in
TINY Tiger® is equipped with an internal reset generator and a reset input pin. Reset
is used for a variety of purposes:
•
•
•
•
The reset input of TINY Tiger® is a digital input with internal pull-up resistor of 10k.
The pin can be left open when the system does not need an external reset. For a reset
the pin must be pulled to ground at least 0.4µsec. This input is not identical with the
internal reset net. The actual reset time is determined internally. An automatic reset
202
will also take place when the supply voltage goes below 4.6V. Also short break
4
203
Tiny-Tiger® dimensions
28.5mm
4.8...5.8mm
900mil = 22.9mm
2.54mm
60mm
4
12mm
204
BASIC-Tiger® CAN Module
Economy Tiger®
The Economy Tiger® modules are the smallest modules that can be programmed with
TINY BASIC® or Tiger BASIC® software.
Economy Tiger® pin configuration
4
Module in the Economy Tiger® series differ from the TINY-modules through the
double use of certain pins. Some pins have been omitted to make the module small:
there is no BATT-pin, the PWM-Pins are missing, Vref is internally connected to
VCC and an internal clock is not available. Except for these hardware differences, the
module is compatible to the other Tiger modules.
The examples and applications in the manuals are primarily made for the
BASIC Tiger® A modules and some do run not on the Economy Tiger®, particularly
if only 32k RAM is available. The double use of pins in the Economy Tiger® means
205
that measures have to be taken in some cases so that the desired application can be
realised with this module. Here two examples:
The unused RAM in a 32k Economy Tiger® containing a program is not much more
than 10k bytes. The following hints will help you to get the maximum performance
with little RAM:
• The default stack size for every task is 2k bytes. Include
•
•
4
•
•
206
the line ‘USER_STACK_SIZE nnn’ to reduce the stack of
any task down to 512 bytes.
The default string size is 64 bytes. Set the string size to the
required size when declaring the string. This rule applies
especially to ARRAYs of STRINGS.
Include only device drivers you require for your
application. Especially buffered drivers like the
LCD1.TDD, SER1.TDD, PRN1.TDD need RAM for their
buffers.
In explaining the CALL instruction you find information
about the usage of the task stack. Parameters passed to a
subroutine, as well as local variables, use the stack
according to their size.
During the development phase of your project, you may
determine the runtime stack requirements using the
function SYSVARN (function numbers DSTACK_FILL
and DSTACK_FREE).
Economy Tiger® pin description
Pin- Name
No.
Description
1
L60
Port 6 - Pin 0
2
L61
Port 6 - Pin 1
3
L62
Port 6 - Pin 2
4
L63
Port 6 - Pin 3
5
L64
Port 6 - Pin 4
6
L65
Port 6 - Pin 5
7
L66
Port 6 - Pin 6
8
L67
Port 6 - Pin 7
9
L80
Port 8 - Pin 0
10
L81
Port 8 - Pin 1
11
L82
Port 8 - Pin 2
12
L83
Port 8 - Pin 3
13
L84
Port 8 - Pin 4
14
GND
Ground
4
207
4
Pin- Name
No.
Description
15
L90 or TxD0
16
L91 or RxD0
and L87
and Port 8 - Pin 7
17
L92 or CTS0
and L86
and Port 8 - Pin 6
18
L93 or TxD1
19
L94 or RxD1
20
Reset in
Reset input (internal pull-up, low active)
21
L85
Port 8 - Pin 5
22
L41 / PC
PC-Mode-Pin (low=PC, high=RUN)
23
Analog In 0
and L33
and Port 3 - Pin 3
24
Analog In 1
and L34
and Port 3 - Pin 4
25
Analog In 2
and L35
and Port 3 - Pin 5
26
Analog In 3
and L36
and Port 3 - Pin 6
27
L37
Port 3 - Pin 7
28
VCC (5V)
Power supply
208
Technical characteristics Economy Tiger®
The following technical characteristics apply for all Economy Tiger® modules:
Approx. 39 x 28 x 10,2 mm / approx. 16g
Power supply
All Pins 1.6mA, or max. 8x 3.5mA
Reset
2 serial channels
TTL-level (Pin 15→Pin 19)
software adjustment
A/D-Inputs
shared with
digital I/O L33→L36
4 channels (Pin 23→Pin 26)
Input voltage 0V→Vref (Vref=5V internal)
RAM
32kB, 128kB, 512kB
Flash-ROM
128KB, 512kB
209
4
with VCC and GND layer), further measures have to be taken if a CE-symbol is
required for the terminal device. The following measures are suggested for the
module:
•
•
•
4
of the module (e.g. 47 µ F+100 nF). This is a must for Economy Tigers if the
PCB does not have a power layer.
connect VCC to VCC via a choke (e.g. 68nH).
earth all inputs and outputs via 1nF or corresponding varistors with a similar
Initialise unused I/O pins per software as an input.
210
Analog inputs and extended I/O at the same time
Use of the analog inputs: Different electrical values always arise due to the
internal pull-up resistances of the digital I/O pins. The inputs must be operated at a
low impedance. The control pins of the extended port system are found here. If these
are not used, the EPORT system can be deactivated (USER_EPORT ACT,
NOACTIVE). If they are used, the control function can be assigned to other pins
(integrate DEFINE_A.INC):
command
value
meaning – argument
BUSL
2
set port for data bus lines (default = port 6)
CTRLL
3
set port for the control lines of extended I/O ports
(default = 3)
DCLKBMASK
4
specifies the bit mask for the DCLK line of the extended
ports
ACLKBMASK
5
specifies the bit mask for the ACLK line of the extended
ports
INEBMASK
6
specifies the bit mask for the INE line of the extended
ports
Example: Set control lines for the extended port system to port 8, pin 0 ...2:
#Include DEFINE_A.INC
user_eport
user_eport
user_eport
user_eport
CTRLL, 8
ACLKBMASK, 00000001b
DCLKBMASK, 00000010b
INEBMASK, 00000100b
Refer to the hardware manual for details of the extended I/O system.
Integrate LCD1: Per default the Sound output for button click, beep, etc. is at pin
L42 (the pin does not exist on Econo Tigers). The reconfiguration to pin L87 (done
for Tiny Tigers) will interfere with the RxD0-pin as an output if the serial channel is
also used. The function can be assigned to a different pin or deactivated. See the
description of LCD1-Device driver. The control pins L33, L34 and L35 are activated
by the keyboard (= extended inputs). They are at the analog ports, but the function can
be transferred.
211
4
4
212
TINY tiger® Module E RESET-In
TINY Tiger E has a RESET input as well as an internal RESET generator. The
RESET input be switched or remain open in various ways. The RESET is normally
used for different tasks:
•
•
•
•
create defined starting conditions for the computer during Power-Up
synchronization of several computers and logical devices at the start-up
manual abort, "Panic button" (warm start)
additional safety function with additional external Watchdog.
The following replacement circuit diagram shows the function of the internal RESET
generator.
4
213
As a rule, the wish for a minimum number of components in stand-alone applications
means that the RESET input is often left disconnected. The following illustration
shows the connections for the production of the RESET signal arising from this.
4
214
4
215
The time data TR01 (Power-Up) and TR02 (Fault) represent the effectively utilizable
part of the RESET signal which only counts if Vcc is above the minimum distribution
voltage VccMin = VDETECT -- 0.5 *VHYST.
The typical values for the RESET generator in the standard design of the TINY Tiger
E are:
•
•
VDETECT: 4.6 V
VHYST: 0.36V
The shortest time of the RESET signal (low-active) is a further relevant parameter!
•
4
TRESET_MIN > 10 usec
TRESET_MIN is measured between the time the minimum distribution voltage
VccMin = VDETECT - 0.5 *VHYST is reached and the end of the active phase for
the RESET signal, which occurs when the voltage: VDETECT+ 0.5 *VHYST is
reached. Compliance with the minimum duration of the RESET signal is essential for
a faultless RESET of the module.
The following 3 cases have to be considered:
•
•
•
216
Power UP
Sudden voltage fade (interference)
Intentional RESET during operation, warm start.
The length of the RESET signal can also be prolonged if necessary by wiring the
RESET input with a capacitor. Typical values are 100...500 nF. The following
illustration shows the effect of this wiring:
4
217
4
218
Pay attention to the extension of the effective RESET signal length in both cases:
TR01EXP (Power-Up) and TR02 EXP (Fault). It also becomes obvious that
particularly short voltage fades only trigger a sure RESET as long as the period of the
fade suffices to discharge the external capacity. A recovery diode could help as an
additional measure in such cases:
4
Finally, an external RESET–signal will always be fed in if the aforementioned
conditions cannot be fulfilled. Moreover, a central RESET should always be
generated and forwarded to all devices in larger systems which consist of many
computers and logical devices. Power supplies send a "Power-good" signal for this
purpose which only becomes active (high), if all output voltages have built up stably.
219
Economy Tiger® dimensions
28.0mm
4.8...5.8mm
900mil = 22.9mm
2.54mm
39.5mm
4
10mm
220
TCAN – CAN-Tiger
The TCAN module largely corresponds to the models in Module A series with
additional CAN hardware. The real time clock is always included. Internal RS 232
drivers are not planned.
TCAN module pin configuration
4
with VCC and GND layer, through internal vaporisation of shielded casing, VCCferrite), further measures have to be taken if a CE-symbol is required for the terminal
device. The following measures are suggested for the module:
• connect VCC to VCC via a choke (e.g. 68nH).
• earth all inputs and outputs via 1nF or corresponding varistors with a similar
• Initialise unused I/O pins per software as an input.
221
4
222
TCAN pin description
Pin- Name
No.
Description
Pin
No.
Name
Description
1a
reserviert
1b
No circuit
2a
L60
Port 6 - Pin 0
2b
No circuit
3a
L61
Port 6 - Pin 1
3b
No circuit
4a
L62
Port 6 - Pin 2
4b
No circuit
5a
L63
Port 6 - Pin 3
5b
No circuit
6a
L64
Port 6 - Pin 4
6b
No circuit
7a
L65
Port 6 - Pin 5
7b
No circuit
8a
L66
Port 6 - Pin 6
8b
No circuit
9a
L67
Port 6 - Pin 7
9b
No circuit
10a
L70
Port 7 - Pin 0
10b
No circuit
11a
L71
Port 7 - Pin 1
11b
No circuit
12a
L72
PWM
Port 7 - Pin 2 or
PWM-output
12b
No circuit
13a
L73
PWM
Port 7 - Pin 3 or
PWM-output
13b
No circuit
14a
L80
Port 8 - Pin 0
14b
No circuit
15a
L81
Port 8 - Pin 1
15b
No circuit
16a
L82
Port 8 - Pin 2
16b
No circuit
17a
L83
Port 8 - Pin 3
17b
No circuit
18a
L84
Port 8 - Pin 4
18b
No circuit
19a
L85
Port 8 - Pin 5
19b
No circuit
20a
L86
Port 8 - Pin 6
20b
No circuit
No circuit
21b
No circuit
21a
22a
Reset in
Reset input
(key to GND)
22b
/Reset
out
Reset-out,
low active
23a
GND
Ground
23b
Reset
Reset-out,
4
223
Pin- Name
No.
4
Description
Pin
No.
Name
Description
out
high active
Pin- Name
No.
Description
Pin- Name
No.
Description
24a
L90
TxD0
Port 9 - Pin 0 or send
line serial Port 0
24b
CANTx0
CAN Tx0
25a
L91
RxD0
Port 9 - Pin 1 or
receive line serial Port
0
25b
CANRx0
CAN Rx0
26a
L92
CTS0
26b
GND
Ground
27a
L93
TxD1
Port 9 - Pin 3 or send
line serial Port 1
27b
CANTx1
CAN Tx1
28a
L94
RxD1
Port 9 - Pin 4 or
receive line serial Port
1
28b
CANRx1
CAN Rx1
29a
L95
RTS0
29b
VCC
(5V)
Power supply
30a
L33
Port 3 - Pin 3
30b
No circuit
31a
L34
Port 3 - Pin 4
31b
No circuit
32a
L35
Port 3 - Pin 5
32b
No circuit
33a
L36
Port 3 - Pin 6
33b
No circuit
34a
L37
Port 3 - Pin 7
34b
No circuit
35a
L42
Port 4 - Pin 2
35b
No circuit
36a
L40
Port 4 - Pin 0
36b
No circuit
37a
L41
PC
PC-Mode-Pin
37b
No circuit
38a
Alarm
out
PC-Mode-Pin
38b
No circuit
39a
Analog
In 0
Alarm output (with
clock, otherwise NC)
39b
No circuit
224
Pin- Name
No.
Description
Pin- Name
No.
Description
40a
Analog
In 1
Analog input 0
(0V→VCC)
40b
No circuit
41a
Analog
In 2
Analog input 1
(0V→VCC)
41b
No circuit
42a
Analog
In 3
Analog input 2
(0V→VCC)
42b
No circuit
Pin- Name
No.
Description
Pin- Name
No.
Description
43a
A/D-Refin
A/D-Reference
voltage: 3.5→5.0V,
1.5mA max.
43b
No circuit
44a
Analog
GND
Analog ground
44b
No circuit
45a
Battery in
Connection for
external battery
45b
No circuit
46a
VCC (5V) Power supply
46b
No circuit
4
225
Technical characteristics TCAN
The following technical characteristics apply for TCAN-4/4:
4
Power supply
all Pins 1.6mA, or max. 8x 3.5mA
Reset
at 3V approx. 50µA
A/D-Inputs
4 channels (Pin 39a to Pin 42a)
PWM
2 PWM-channels (Pin 12a and Pin 13a)
RAM
512KB
Flash-ROM
512KB
Clock
Pin 38a)
2 serial channels
TTL-level (Pin 24a→Pin 29a)
226
software adjustment if the V24 drivers are not
configured.
1 CAN channel
CAN 2.0B active. Requires external line driver, e.g.
PCA82C250
TCAN RESET-in
BASIC Tiger® A is equipped with an internal reset generator and a reset input pin.
Reset is used for a variety of purposes:
•
•
•
•
4
®
The reset input of BASIC Tiger A is a digital input with internal pull-up resistor of
10k. The pin can be left open when the system does not need an external reset. For a
reset the pin must be pulled to ground at least 0.4µsec. This input is not identical with
the internal reset net. The actual reset time is determined internally. An automatic
reset will also take place when the supply voltage goes below 4.6V. Also short break
227
TCAN dimensions
41mm
1400mil = 35.6mm
4.8...5.8mm
1200mil = 30.5mm
2.54mm
63mm
4
12mm
2.54mm
228
I/O extension module
The Tiger-BASIC® system software already supports the extension of the I/Os of the
BASIC-Tiger® module or Tiny-Tiger® module by a further 1920 inputs or outputs.
The series of I/O extension modules for BASIC-Tiger® provides the matching
hardware. The modules are very compact and contain a number of additional I/O lines
and functions in a very small space. Connection is simply by means of an 8-bit port as
databus and a few control lines.
The base addresses of the modules are adjustable. This allows various modules to be
combined with each other. Remember: if you are using the extended I/O system
with logical addresses then the addresses of extended inputs must follow those of
extended outputs. However, the better choice is using the new XIN and XOUT
functions. These new functions use direct physical addresses and allow any address
for inputs and outputs, even overlapping.
Modules with open-collector outputs switch higher currents and thus have a
corresponding power loss. Some of these modules have a built-in temperature probe
with switching output and analog output. The switching output, for example, can be
used to autonomously switch a fan. The temperature curve can be controlled via the
analog output.
The largely concordant pin assignment of the extension modules enables PCB layouts
whereby various modules can be exchanged with only a few jumpers. The same slot
on a module can thus be used for both extended inputs and extended outputs or in
future even for analog inputs/outputs.
229
4
The following modules will be described:
4
Module
Function
EP1-64HDE
64 digital inputs
EP2-64SDA
64 digital outputs
EP3-32-32
32 digital outputs, 32 digital inputs
EP4-32PDA
32 OC outputs
EP5-32GDE
32 opto-decoupled inputs
EP6-UNIVD
8x16 keyboard, 8 OC outputs, 8 outputs, 8 inputs
EP10-16PDA/GDE
16 OC outputs, 16 opto-decoupled inputs
EP11-8AD
8 channel 12 bit A/D-converter
EP12-16AD
EP13-32AD
EP14-64AD
230
I/O extension module
Address generation
The new XIN and XOUT functions use directly physical addresses and allow any
address for inputs and outputs, even overlapping addresses. The description below
only applies to the extended I/O system which is used by IN and OUT instructions.
The illustration shows how the EPORT system converts the logical 240 (0E0h)
extension addresses into physical addresses:
Logical
addresses
Physical
addresses
0FFh
Extended
inputs
4
0EFh
Extended
inputs
first
input address
USER_EPORT
LASTLADR
last output
address
Extended
outputs
Extended
outputs
10h
Internal
I/O-ports
USER_EPORT
PHYSOFFS -10h
0
0
231
Empty Page
4
232
EP1-64HDE
EP1-64HDE
64 digital inputs
The I/O extension module EP1-64HDE provides 64 high-impedance digital inputs
(0...5V, HC-MOS). The module can be combined with other extensions thanks to the
adjustable base addresses.
Pin assignment EP1-64HDE
4
233
Pin description EP1-64HDE
4
Pin
No.
Name
Function
Pin Name
No.
Function
1a
ADR3
Address-in
1b
ADR4
Address in
2a
ADR5
Address-in
2b
ADR6
Address in
3a
-CS
ChipSelect
3b
-INE
In-Enable
4a
A7
Address 7 out
4b
-A7
Neg.. Addr 7 out
5a
--
5b
--
6a
--
6b
--
7a
P0.0
Port 0 Bit0
7b
P0.1
Port0 Bit1
8a
P0.2
Port0 Bit2
8b
P0.3
Port0 Bit3
9a
P0.4
Port0 Bit4
9b
P0.5
Port0 Bit5
10a
P0.6
Port0 Bit6
10b P0.7
Port0 Bit7
11a
P1.0
Port1 Bit0
11b P1.1
Port1 Bit1
12a
P1.2
Port1 Bit2
12b P1.3
Port1 Bit3
13a
P1.4
Port1 Bit4
13b P1.5
Port1 Bit5
14a
P1.6
Port1 Bit6
14b P1.7
Port1 Bit7
15a
P2.0
Port2 Bit0
15b P2.1
Port2 Bit5
16a
P2.2
Port2 Bit2
16b P2.3
Port2 Bit3
17a
P2.4
Port2 Bit4
17b P2.5
Port2 Bit1
18a
P2.6
Port2 Bit6
18b P2.7
Port2 Bit7
19a
P3.0
Port3 Bit0
19b P3.1
Port3 Bit1
20a
P3.2
Port3 Bit2
20b P3.3
Port3 Bit3
21a
P3.4
Port3 Bit4
21b P3.5
Port3 Bit5
22a
P3.6
Port3 Bit6
22b P3.7
Port3 Bit7
23a
GND
Ground
23b GND
Ground
234
EP1-64HDE
Pin
No.
Name
Function
Pin Name
No.
Function
24a
P7.7
Port7 Bit7
24b P7.6
Port7 Bit6
25a
P7.5
Port7 Bit5
25b P7.4
Port7 Bit4
26a
P7.3
Port7 Bit3
26b P7.2
Port7 Bit2
27a
P7.1
Port7 Bit1
27b P7.0
Port7 Bit0
28a
P6.7
Port6 Bit7
28b P6.6
Port6 Bit6
29a
P6.5
Port6 Bit5
29b P6.4
Port6 Bit4
30a
P6.3
Port6 Bit3
30b P6.2
Port6 Bit2
31a
P6.1
Port6 Bit1
31b P6.0
Port6 Bit0
32a
P5.7
Port5 Bit7
32b P5.6
Port5 Bit6
33a
P5.5
Port5 Bit5
33b P5.4
Port5 Bit4
34a
P5.3
Port5 Bit3
34b P5.2
Port5 Bit2
35a
P5.1
Port5 Bit1
35b P5.0
Port5 Bit0
36a
P4.7
Port4 Bit7
36b P4.6
Port4 Bit6
37a
P4.5
Port4 Bit5
37b P4.4
Port4 Bit4
38a
P4.3
Port4 Bit3
38b P4.2
Port4 Bit2
39a
P4.1
Port4 Bit1
39b P4.0
Port4 Bit0
40a
--
4
40b --
41a
41b ACLK
Addressclock
42a
Bus-7
I/O-Bus Bit7
42b Bus-6
I/O-Bus Bit6
43a
Bus-5
I/O-Bus Bit5
43b Bus-4
I/O-Bus Bit4
44a
Bus-3
I/O-Bus Bit3
44b Bus-2
I/O-Bus Bit2
45a
Bus-1
I/O-Bus Bit1
45b Bus-0
I/O-Bus Bit0
46a
VCC
46b VCC
235
Addressing EP1-64HDE Extended Module
The module EP1-64HDE is supported directly from the Tiger-BASIC® EPORTSystem. Connection to a BASIC-Tiger® A or Tiny-Tiger® module with a standard pin
assignment requires the following pins:
To connect one of the Tiger modules to the EP1-64HDE certain pins must be used, in
order to directly support the extended I/O module with the EPORT system. The table
below shows which pins on which Tiger® module are to carry out a particular function
in communicating with the extended I/O module:
Pin-Function
4
BASICTiger®-Pins
Module type
A
Tiny-Tiger
Pin-No.
Pin-No.
Bus-0...Bus-7
L60...L67
2...9
1...8
ACLK (Address clock)
L33
30
29
-INE (in-enable)
L35
32
31
ADR3...ADR6
A3...A6 inputs for module base address
-CS
Chip-Select input, low active
further pins
A7
A7-Output of internal address latch
-A7
A7-Output inverted
Port-m Bit-n
Ports (m=0...7) each with 8 Bits (n=0...7)
236
EP1-64HDE
The base address of the extension module is created on lines ADR3...ADR6. The
extended input ports occupy 8 addresses from the base address. The extended module
is addressed when ‘-CS’ is ‘low’ and an address in the pre-set range is addressed. The
base address can be increased by 80h by connecting ‘-A7’ to ‘-CS’.
EP1-64HDE Addressing
-CS
ADR6
ADR5
ADR4
ADR3
Port-0
Port-7
1
x
x
X
x
—
—
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
0
0
0
0
1
8
0Fh
0
0
0
1
0
10h
17h
0
0
0
1
1
18h
1Fh
0
0
1
0
0
20h
27h
0
0
1
0
1
28h
2Fh
0
0
1
1
0
30h
37h
0
0
1
1
1
38h
3Fh
0
1
0
0
0
40h
47h
0
1
0
0
1
48h
4Fh
0
1
0
1
0
50h
57h
0
1
0
1
1
58h
5Fh
0
1
1
0
0
60h
67h
0
1
1
0
1
68h
6Fh
0
1
1
1
0
70h
77h
0
1
1
1
1
78h
7Fh
Since A7 is not internally evaluated the addresses are mirrored after address 80h.
237
4
Connection example EP1-HDE:
4
The A7 output in this example is connected to ‘-CS’ so that the addresses of the
extended inputs start at 80h when the lowest base address is set at the DIP switch (all
DIP switches OFF).
238
EP1-64HDE
Program example:
'-------------------------------------------------------------------'Name: EP1-1.TIG
'general defines
USER_EPORT PHYSOFFS, 0F0h
'Offset to phys. addr. -10h
TASK MAIN
'begin task MAIN
FOR I = 90h TO 97h
IN I,VALUE
PRINT #1, "Port";I-90h;"=";VALUE
WAIT_DURATION 1000
NEXT
END
'from port 0 to 7
'read from port
'output value
'wait 1 sec
'next port
'end task MAIN
4
239
Technical data for the I/O extension module EP1-64HDE:
Size / Weight
Power supply
4.7V...5.5V
Idle current consumption
approx. 120µA
Number of extended inputs
64
Input voltage
0...5V (HC-MOS-input)
Temperature range
-40 to +85°C
4
240
EP1-64HDE
Dimensions EP1-64HDE
41mm
1400mil = 35.6mm
4.8...5.8mm
1200mil = 30.5mm
2.54mm
4
63mm
12mm
2.54mm
241
Empty Page
4
242
The I/O extension module EP2-64SDA provides 64 digital outputs (0...5V, HCMOS). The base address of this module can be changed, to allow it being used in
conjunction with other extension modules..
Pin assignment EP2-64SDA
4
243
Pin-description EP2-64SDA
4
Pin
No.
Name
Function
Pin Name
No.
Function
1a
ADR3
Address-in
1b
ADR4
Address-in
2a
ADR5
Address-in
2b
ADR6
Address-in
3a
-CS
ChipSelect
3b
4a
A7
Address 7 out
4b
-A7
Neg.. Addr 7 out
5a
5b
6a
6b
7a
P0.0
Port 0 Bit0
7b
P0.1
Port0 Bit1
8a
P0.2
Port0 Bit2
8b
P0.3
Port0 Bit3
9a
P0.4
Port0 Bit4
9b
P0.5
Port0 Bit5
10a
P0.6
Port0 Bit6
10b P0.7
Port0 Bit7
11a
P1.0
Port1 Bit0
11b P1.1
Port1 Bit1
12a
P1.2
Port1 Bit2
12b P1.3
Port1 Bit3
13a
P1.4
Port1 Bit4
13b P1.5
Port1 Bit5
14a
P1.6
Port1 Bit6
14b P1.7
Port1 Bit7
15a
P2.0
Port2 Bit0
15b P2.1
Port2 Bit5
16a
P2.2
Port2 Bit2
16b P2.3
Port2 Bit3
17a
P2.4
Port2 Bit4
17b P2.5
Port2 Bit1
18a
P2.6
Port2 Bit6
18b P2.7
Port2 Bit7
19a
P3.0
Port3 Bit0
19b P3.1
Port3 Bit1
20a
P3.2
Port3 Bit2
20b P3.3
Port3 Bit3
21a
P3.4
Port3 Bit4
21b P3.5
Port3 Bit5
22a
P3.6
Port3 Bit6
22b P3.7
Port3 Bit7
23a
GND
Ground
23b GND
Ground
244
Pin
No.
Name
Function
Pin Name
No.
Function
24a
P7.7
Port7 Bit7
24b P7.6
Port7 Bit6
25a
P7.5
Port7 Bit5
25b P7.4
Port7 Bit4
26a
P7.3
Port7 Bit3
26b P7.2
Port7 Bit2
27a
P7.1
Port7 Bit1
27b P7.0
Port7 Bit0
28a
P6.7
Port6 Bit7
28b P6.6
Port6 Bit6
29a
P6.5
Port6 Bit5
29b P6.4
Port6 Bit4
30a
P6.3
Port6 Bit3
30b P6.2
Port6 Bit2
31a
P6.1
Port6 Bit1
31b P6.0
Port6 Bit0
32a
P5.7
Port5 Bit7
32b P5.6
Port5 Bit6
33a
P5.5
Port5 Bit5
33b P5.4
Port5 Bit4
34a
P5.3
Port5 Bit3
34b P5.2
Port5 Bit2
35a
P5.1
Port5 Bit1
35b P5.0
Port5 Bit0
36a
P4.7
Port4 Bit7
36b P4.6
Port4 Bit6
37a
P4.5
Port4 Bit5
37b P4.4
Port4 Bit4
38a
P4.3
Port4 Bit3
38b P4.2
Port4 Bit2
39a
P4.1
Port4 Bit1
39b P4.0
Port4 Bit0
40a
4
40b
41a
DCLK
Dataclock
41b ACLK
Addressclock
42a
Bus-7
I/O-Bus Bit7
42b Bus-6
I/O-Bus Bit6
43a
Bus-5
I/O-Bus Bit5
43b Bus-4
I/O-Bus Bit4
44a
Bus-3
I/O-Bus Bit3
44b Bus-2
I/O-Bus Bit2
45a
Bus-1
I/O-Bus Bit1
45b Bus-0
I/O-Bus Bit0
46a
VCC
46b VCC
245
Addressing EP2-64SDA Extended Module
To connect one of the Tiger modules to the EP2-64SDA certain pins must be used, in
order to directly support the extended I/O module. The table below shows which pins
on which Tiger® module are to carry out a particular function in communicating with
the extended I/O module:
Pin Function
BASICTiger®-Pins
Module type
A
Tiny-Tiger
Pin-No.
Pin-No.
Bus-0...Bus-7
4
L60...L67
2...9
1...8
ACLK (Address clock)
L33
30
29
-INE (in-enable)
L35
32
31
ADR3...ADR6
A3...A6 inputs for module base address
-CS
Chip-Select input, low active
further pins
A7
A7-Output for internal address latch
-A7
A7-Output inverted
Port-m Bit-n
Ports (m=0...7) each with 8 Bits (n=0...7)
246
Modular mimic diagram of the addressing of the EP2-64SDA
D0...D7
A0...A2 > Port 0...7
D0...D7
-A7
Address
latch
A7
A3...A6
Comparator
ADR3...ADR6
&
ok
-CS
247
4
extended ports occupy 8 addresses from the base address. The module is addressed
when ‘-CS’ is ‘low’ and an address in the pre-set range is addressed.
EP2-64SDA Addressing
4
-CE
ADR6
ADR5
ADR4
ADR3
Port-0
Port-7
1
x
x
x
x
—
—
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
0
0
0
0
1
8
0Fh
0
0
0
1
0
10h
17h
0
0
0
1
1
18h
1Fh
0
0
1
0
0
20h
27h
0
0
1
0
1
28h
2Fh
0
0
1
1
0
30h
37h
0
0
1
1
1
38h
3Fh
0
1
0
0
0
40h
47h
0
1
0
0
1
48h
4Fh
0
1
0
1
0
50h
57h
0
1
0
1
1
58h
5Fh
0
1
1
0
0
60h
67h
0
1
1
0
1
68h
6Fh
0
1
1
1
0
70h
77h
0
1
1
1
1
78h
7Fh
Since A7 is not internally evaluated, the addresses are mirrored after address 80h.
248
Connection example EP2-64SDA:
4
The port addresses of the extended outputs start at 0 when the lowest base address is
set at the DIP switch, i.e. all DIP switches set to OFF.
249
Program example:
'-------------------------------------------------------------------'Name: EP2-1.TIG
'general defines
'offset to phys. addr. -10h
USER_EPORT NROFOUT, 8
'8 expanded output ports
USER_EPORT INITIAL, 0, "&
'initialize from addr. 0 with
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07"%
'value of phys. addr.
TASK MAIN
WAIT_DURATION 2000
FOR I = 10h TO 17h
OUT I,255,I
NEXT
END
'begin task MAIN
'wait 2 sec
'output logical port addr.
'to ports 0 to 7
'next port
'end task MAIN
4
The program initially specifies the offset between the logical and physical addresses
(PHYSOFFS) and the number of the output port to be initialized (NROFOUT). The
initialisation values are defined in the INITIAL instruction. In order to see the startinitialisation, the program waits momentarily before writing new values to the ports..
250
Technical data for the I/O extension module EP2-64SDA:
Size / Weight
Power supply
4.7V...5.5V
approx. 120µA
Number of extended outputs
64
Max. current for an output 0...5V
5mA
Temperature range
-40 to +85°C
4
251
Dimensions EP2-64SDA:
41mm
1400mil = 35.6mm
4.8...5.8mm
1200mil = 30.5mm
2.54mm
4
63mm
12mm
2.54mm
252
EP3-32-32
EP3-32-32
32 digital inputs / 32 digital outputs
The I/O extension module EP3-32-32 provides 32 high-impedance digital inputs
(0...5V, HC-MOS) and 32 digital outputs (0....5V, HC-MOS). The base address of this
module can be changed, to allow it being used in conjunction with other extension
modules.
Pin assignment EP3-32-32
4
253
Pin description EP3-32-32
4
Pin
No.
Name
Function
Pin Name
No.
Function
1a
ADR3
Address-in
1b
ADR4
AddressBit in
2a
ADR5
Address-in
2b
ADR6
AddressBit in
3a
-CS
ChipSelect
3b
-INE
In-Enable
4a
A7
Address 7 out
4b
-A7
Neg.. Addr 7 out
5a
5b
6a
6b
7a
P0.0
Out0 Bit0
7b
P0.1
Port0 Bit1
8a
P0.2
Out0 Bit2
8b
P0.3
Port0 Bit3
9a
P0.4
Out0 Bit4
9b
P0.5
Port0 Bit5
10a
P0.6
Out0 Bit6
10b P0.7
Port0 Bit7
11a
P1.0
Out1 Bit0
11b P1.1
Out1 Bit1
12a
P1.2
Out1 Bit2
12b P1.3
Out1 Bit3
13a
P1.4
Out1 Bit4
13b P1.5
Out1 Bit5
14a
P1.6
Out1 Bit6
14b P1.7
Out1 Bit7
15a
P2.0
Out2 Bit0
15b P2.1
Out2 Bit5
16a
P2.2
Out2 Bit2
16b P2.3
Out2 Bit3
17a
P2.4
Out2 Bit4
17b P2.5
Out2 Bit1
18a
P2.6
Out2 Bit6
18b P2.7
Out2 Bit7
19a
P3.0
Out3 Bit0
19b P3.1
Out3 Bit1
20a
P3.2
Out3 Bit2
20b P3.3
Out3 Bit3
21a
P3.4
Out3 Bit4
21b P3.5
Out3 Bit5
22a
P3.6
Out3 Bit6
22b P3.7
Out3 Bit7
23a
GND
Ground
23b GND
Ground
254
EP3-32-32
Pin
No.
Name
Function
Pin Name
No.
Function
24a
P7.7
In7 Bit7
24b P7.6
In7 Bit6
25a
P7.5
In7 Bit5
25b P7.4
In7 Bit4
26a
P7.3
In7 Bit3
26b P7.2
In7 Bit2
27a
P7.1
In7 Bit1
27b P7.0
In7 Bit0
28a
P6.7
In6 Bit7
28b P6.6
In6 Bit6
29a
P6.5
In6 Bit5
29b P6.4
In6 Bit4
30a
P6.3
In6 Bit3
30b P6.2
In6 Bit2
31a
P6.1
In6 Bit1
31b P6.0
In6 Bit0
32a
P5.7
In5 Bit7
32b P5.6
In5 Bit6
33a
P5.5
In5 Bit5
33b P5.4
In5 Bit4
34a
P5.3
In5 Bit3
34b P5.2
In5 Bit2
35a
P5.1
In5 Bit1
35b P5.0
In5 Bit0
36a
P4.7
In4 Bit7
36b P4.6
In4 Bit6
37a
P4.5
In4 Bit5
37b P4.4
In4 Bit4
38a
P4.3
In4 Bit3
38b P4.2
In4 Bit2
39a
P4.1
In4 Bit1
39b P4.0
In4 Bit0
40a
4
40b
41a
DCLK
Dataclock
41b ACLK
Addressclock
42a
Bus-7
I/O-Bus Bit7
42b Bus-6
I/O-Bus Bit6
43a
Bus-5
I/O-Bus Bit5
43b Bus-4
I/O-Bus Bit4
44a
Bus-3
I/O-Bus Bit3
44b Bus-2
I/O-Bus Bit2
45a
Bus-1
I/O-Bus Bit1
45b Bus-0
I/O-Bus Bit0
46a
VCC
46b VCC
255
Addressing the EP3-32-32
To connect one of the Tiger modules to the EP3-32-32 certain pins must be used, in
order to directly support the extended I/O module. The table below shows which pins
on which Tiger® module are to carry out a particular function in communicating with
the extended I/O module:
Pin-Name
BASICTiger®-Pins
Module type
A
Tiny-Tiger
Pin-No.
Pin-No.
Bus-0...Bus-7
4
L60...L67
2...9
1...8
ACLK (Addressclock)
L33
30
29
DCLK (Dataclock)
L34
31
30
-INE (in-enable)
L35
32
31
ADR3...ADR6
A3...A6 Inputs for module base address
-CS
Chip-Select Input, low active
further pins
A7
-A7
A7-Output inverted
Port-m Bit-n
Ports (m=0...3) each with 8 bits (n=0...7) outputs
Ports (m=4...7) each with 8 bits (n=0...7) inputs
256
EP3-32-32
Modular mimic diagram of the addressing of the EP3-32-32:
D0...D7
A0...A2 > Port 0...7
D0...D7
-A7
Address
latch
A7
A3...A6
Comparator
ADR3...ADR6
&
ok
-CS
257
4
extended ports occupy 8 addresses from the base address. The input addresses
immediately follow the output addresses.
EP3-32-32 Addressing
4
-CE
ADR6
ADR5
ADR4
ADR3
Port-0
Port-7
1
x
x
x
x
—
—
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
0
0
0
0
1
8
0Fh
0
0
0
1
0
10h
17h
0
0
0
1
1
18h
1Fh
0
0
1
0
0
20h
27h
0
0
1
0
1
28h
2Fh
0
0
1
1
0
30h
37h
0
0
1
1
1
38h
3Fh
0
1
0
0
0
40h
47h
0
1
0
0
1
48h
4Fh
0
1
0
1
0
50h
57h
0
1
0
1
1
58h
5Fh
0
1
1
0
0
60h
67h
0
1
1
0
1
68h
6Fh
0
1
1
1
0
70h
77h
0
1
1
1
1
78h
7Fh
258
EP3-32-32
Connection example EP3-32-32:
4
The A7 output in this example is connected to ‘-CS’ so that the addresses of the
extended inputs start at 80h when the lowest base address is set at the DIP switch (all
DIP switches set to OFF).
259
Program example:
'-------------------------------------------------------------------'Name: EP3-1.TIG
'general defines
USER_EPORT LASTLADR, 13h
'last logical output addr.
'initialize from addr. 0
00 01 02 03"%
'with value of phys. addr.
TASK MAIN
'begin task MAIN
4
WAIT_DURATION 2000
FOR I = 10h TO 13h
OUT I,255,I
NEXT
FOR I = 14h TO 17h
IN I,VALUE
WAIT_DURATION 1000
NEXT
END
260
'wait 2 sec
'to ports 0 to 3
'next port
'from port 4 to 7
'read from port
'output value
'wait 1 sec
'next port
'end task MAIN
EP3-32-32
Technical data for the I/O extension module EP3-32-32:
Size / Weight
Power supply
4,7V...5,5V
approx. 120µA
32
Max. current for an output 0...5V
5mA
32
Input voltage
0...5V (HC-MOS-input)
Temperature range
-40 to +85°C
4
261
Dimensions EP3-32-32:
41mm
1400mil = 35.6mm
4.8...5.8mm
1200mil = 30.5mm
2.54mm
4
63mm
12mm
2.54mm
262
EP4-32PDA
EP4-32PDA
32 Open-Collector outputs
The I/O extension module EP4-32PDA provides 32 Open-Collector outputs (0... 50V
max., 500mA max.). The base address of this module can be changed, to allow it
being used in conjunction with other extension modules The module has a
temperature sensor, which can be used in various ways to protect the module against
overheating.
Pin assignment EP4-32PDA
4
263
Pin description EP4-32PDA
Pin
No.
Name
Function
Pin Name
No.
Function
1a
ADR3
Address-in
1b
ADR4
Address-in
2a
ADR5
Address-in
2b
ADR6
Address-in
3a
-CS
ChipSelect
3b
4a
A7
Address 7 out
4b
-A7
Neg.. Addr 7 out
5a
4
5b
6a
VCC-0
Voltage
6b
VCC-0
Voltage
7a
P0.0
Port 0 Bit0
7b
P0.1
Port0 Bit1
8a
P0.2
Port0 Bit2
8b
P0.3
Port0 Bit3
9a
P0.4
Port0 Bit4
9b
P0.5
Port0 Bit5
10a
P0.6
Port0 Bit6
10b P0.7
Port0 Bit7
11a
GND-0
Ground
11b GND-0
Ground
12a
12b
13a
13b
14a
VCC-1
Voltage
14b VCC-1
Voltage
15a
P1.0
Port1 Bit0
15b P1.1
Port1 Bit1
16a
P1.2
Port1 Bit2
16b P1.3
Port1 Bit3
17a
P1.4
Port1 Bit4
17b P1.5
Port1 Bit5
18a
P1.6
Port1 Bit6
18b P1.7
Port1 Bit7
19a
GND-1
Ground
19b GND-1
Ground
20a
VT
Temp.thresh.
20b Temp
Temp. analog Out
21a
TO
Temp.-switch.
21b Verf
Reference Out
22a
23a
264
22b
GND
Ground
23b GND
Ground
EP4-32PDA
Pin
No.
Name
Function
Pin Name
No.
Function
24a
GND-2
Ground
24b GND-2
Ground
25a
P2.7
Port2 Bit7
25b P2.6
Port2 Bit6
26a
P2.5
Port2 Bit5
26b P2..4
Port2 Bit4
27a
P2.3
Port2 Bit3
27b P2.2
Port2 Bit2
28a
P2.1
Port2 Bit1
28b P2.0
Port2 Bit0
29a
VCC-2
Voltage
29b VCC-2
Voltage
30a
30b
31a
31b
32a
GND-3
Ground
32b GND-3
Ground
33a
P3.7
Port3 Bit7
33b P3.6
Port3 Bit6
34a
P3.5
Port3 Bit5
34b P3.4
Port3 Bit4
35a
P3.3
Port3 Bit3
35b P3.2
Port3 Bit2
36a
P3.1
Port3 Bit1
36b P3.0
Port3 Bit0
37a
VCC-3
4
37b VCC-3
38a
38b
39a
39b
40a
40b
41a
DCLK
Dataclock
41b ACLK
Addressclock
42a
Bus-7
I/O-Bus Bit7
42b Bus-6
I/O-Bus Bit6
43a
Bus-5
I/O-Bus Bit5
43b Bus-4
I/O-Bus Bit4
44a
Bus-3
I/O-Bus Bit3
44b Bus-2
I/O-Bus Bit2
45a
Bus-1
I/O-Bus Bit1
45b Bus-0
I/O-Bus Bit0
46a
VCC
+5V
46b VCC
+5V
265
Addressing the EP4-32PDA
To connect one of the Tiger modules to the EP4-32PDA certain pins must be used, in
Pin-Function
BASICTiger®-Pins
Module type
A
Tiny-Tiger
Pin-No.
Pin-No.
Bus-0...Bus-7
4
L60...L67
2...9
1...8
ACLK (Addressclock)
L33
30
29
DCLK (Dataclock)
L34
31
30
ADR3...ADR6
-CS
further pins
A7
-A7
A7-Output inverted
Port-m Bit-n
Ports (m=0...3) each with 8 bits (n=0...7)
VT
Input to influence the switching threshold
Temp
Analog temperature output:
395mV + 6.2mV/°C
TO
Open-Collector switching output with hysterisis,
active low, 50µA
Vref
266
Reference voltage output for temperature sensor
(1.25V)
EP4-32PDA
Modular mimic diagram of the addressing of the EP4-32PDA:
D0...D7
A0...A2 > Port 0...3
D0...D7
-A7
Address
latch
A7
A3...A6
Comparator
ADR3...ADR6
&
4
ok
-CS
267
extended ports occupy 8 addresses from the base address, though only 4 addresses are
used. The module is addressed when ‘-CS’ is ‘low’ and an address in the pre-set range
is addressed.
EP4-32PDA Addressing
4
-CE
ADR6
ADR5
ADR4
ADR3
Port-0
Port-3
1
x
x
x
x
—
—
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
1
8
0Bh
0
0
0
1
0
10h
13h
0
0
0
1
1
18h
1Bh
0
0
1
0
0
20h
23h
0
0
1
0
1
28h
2Bh
0
0
1
1
0
30h
33h
0
0
1
1
1
38h
3Bh
0
1
0
0
0
40h
43h
0
1
0
0
1
48h
4Bh
0
1
0
1
0
50h
53h
0
1
0
1
1
58h
5Bh
0
1
1
0
0
60h
63h
0
1
1
0
1
68h
6Bh
0
1
1
1
0
70h
73h
0
1
1
1
1
78h
7Bh
268
EP4-32PDA
Connection example EP4-32PDA:
4
The module port addresses start at 0 when the lowest base address is set at the DIP
switch (all DIP switches set to OFF). In the example circuit, the built-in temperature
sensor switches a fan on when the temperature exceeds the switching threshold of the
built-in temperature sensor.
269
Temperature sensor EP4-32PDA
If the EP4-32PDA module is used to switch functions in its upper limit ranges it can
become very hot. Consequently precautions have to be taken to cool the module or
reduce its output.
Appropriate PCB tracks should be layed to ensure that there are independent tracks
for the module's VCC and GND pin connections. This will ensure that there will not
be current 'bottle-necks' at certain PCB track points.
Pay attention to the maximum permissible port power loss (0.4W), which does not
correspond to the sum total of permissible individual pin power losses (similarly
approx. 0.4W).
4
Higher currents can be achieved by switching a number of ports in parallel. Pay
attention to an even current distribution (resistances in the circuit paths).
The internal temperature sensor has a switching output that can be used to switch on a
fan. The switching threshold of the temperature sensor can be altered by using
external resistors at the pin ‘VT’. As a suggestion, fit a Pentium processor cooler on
the module.
Another possible alternative is for the controlling application program to monitor the
analog temperature output and to dynamically throttle the switching power on the
basis of the measured increase in heat and send warning or fault messages.
270
EP4-32PDA
Program example:
'-------------------------------------------------------------------'Name: EP4-1.TIG
'general defines
00 01 02 03"%
TASK MAIN
WAIT_DURATION 2000
FOR I = 10h TO 13h
OUT I,255,I
NEXT
END
'begin task MAIN
'wait 2 sec
'to ports 0 to 3
'next port
'end task MAIN
4
The program initially specifies the offset between the logical and physical address
(PHYSOFFS) and the number of the output port to be initialized (NROFOUT). The
initialisation values are defined in the INITIAL instruction. In order to see the startinitialisation, the program waits momentarily before writing new values to the ports.
271
Technical data for the I/O extension module EP4-32PDA:
4
Size / Weight
Power supply
4.7V...5.5V
approx. 12mA
32
Abs. max. permissible current
500mA
Max. current for an output (DC)
350mA
Max. current 8 outputs (Duty 10%)
260mA
90mA
Max. voltage OC outputs
50V
Max. power loss at a port
0.4W
Temperature range
-40 to +85°C
272
EP4-32PDA
Dimensions EP4-32PDA:
41mm
1400mil = 35.6mm
4.8...5.8mm
1200mil = 30.5mm
2.54mm
4
63mm
12mm
2.54mm
273
Empty Page
4
274
EP5-32GDE
EP5-32GDE
32 Opto-Isolator Inputs
The I/O extension module EP5-32GDE provides 32 opto-isolated inputs. The base
address of this module can be changed, to allow it being used in conjunction with
other extension modules.
Pin assignment EP5-32GDE
4
275
Pin description EP5-32GDE
4
Pin
No.
Name
Function
Pin Name
No.
Function
1a
ADR3
Address-in
1b
ADR4
Address-in
2a
ADR5
Address-in
2b
ADR6
Address-in
3a
-CS
ChipSelect
3b
-INE
In Enable
4a
4b
5a
5b
6a
6b
7a
P0.0
Port0 Bit0
7b
P0.1
Port0 Bit1
8a
P0.2
Port0 Bit2
8b
P0.3
Port0 Bit3
9a
P0.4
Port0 Bit4
9b
P0.5
Port0 Bit5
10a
P0.6
Port0 Bit6
10b P0.7
Port0 Bit7
11a
GND-0
Ground
11b GND-1
Ground
12a
12b
13a
13b
14a
14b
15a
P1.0
Port1 Bit0
15b P1.1
Port1 Bit1
16a
P1.2
Port1 Bit2
16b P1.3
Port1 Bit3
17a
P1.4
Port1 Bit4
17b P1.5
Port1 Bit5
18a
P1.6
Port1 Bit6
18b P1.7
Port1 Bit7
19a
GND-1
Ground
19b GND-1
Ground
20a
20b
21a
21b
22a
22b
23a
276
GND
Ground
23b GND
Ground
EP5-32GDE
Pin
No.
Name
Function
Pin Name
No.
Function
24a
GND-2
Ground
24b GND-2
Ground
25a
P2.7
Port2 Bit7
25b P2.6
Port2 Bit6
26a
P2.5
Port2 Bit5
26b P2.4
Port2 Bit4
27a
P2.3
Port2 Bit3
27b P2.2
Port2 Bit2
28a
P2.1
Port2 Bit1
28b P2.0
Port2 Bit0
29a
29b
30a
30b
31a
31b
32a
GND-3
Ground
32b GND-3
Ground
33a
P3.7
Port3 Bit7
33b P3.6
Port3 Bit6
34a
P3.5
Port3 Bit5
34b P3.4
Port3 Bit4
35a
P3.3
Port3 Bit3
35b P3.2
Port3 Bit2
36a
P3.1
Port3 Bit1
36b P3.0
Port3 Bit0
37a
37b
0
38a
38b
39a
39b
40a
40b
41a
DCLK
Dataclock
41b ACLK
Addressclock
42a
Bus-7
I/O-Bus Bit7
42b Bus-6
I/O-Bus Bit6
43a
Bus-5
I/O-Bus Bit5
43b Bus-4
I/O-Bus Bit4
44a
Bus-3
I/O-Bus Bit3
44b Bus-2
I/O-Bus Bit2
45a
Bus-1
I/O-Bus Bit1
45b Bus-0
I/O-Bus Bit0
46a
VCC
+5V
46b VCC
+5V
4
277
Addressing the EP5-32GDE
To connect one of the Tiger modules to the EP5-32GDE certain pins must be used, in
Pin-Function
BASICTiger®-Pins
Module type
A
Tiny-Tiger
Pin-No.
Pin-No.
Bus-0...Bus-7
4
L60...L67
2...9
1...8
ACLK (Addressclock)
L33
30
29
-INE (in-enable)
L35
32
31
ADR3...ADR6
-CS
further Pins
Port-m Bit-n
Ports (m=0...3) each with 8 bits (n=0...7)
Remember: for reasons of potential isolation, some pins are missing on the modules.
These gaps should be kept on the carrier PCB. Copper pads, even if these are not
fitted with a strip jack, form a bridge and reduce the dielectric strength. Conductor
paths and interlayer connections should also be kept out of these areas.
278
EP5-32GDE
Modular mimic diagram of the addressing of the EP5-32GDE:
D0...D7
A0...A2 > Port 0...3
D0...D7
Address
latch
A3...A6
Comparator
ADR3...ADR6
&
4
ok
-CS
279
extended input ports occupy 8 addresses from the base address, though only 4
addresses are used. The module is addressed when ‘-CS’ is ‘low’ and an address in
the pre-set range is addressed. The base address can be increased by 80h by
connecting ‘-A7’ and ‘-CS’
EP5-32GDE Addressing
4
-CE
ADR6
ADR5
ADR4
ADR3
Port-0
Port-3
1
x
x
x
x
—
—
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
1
8
0Bh
0
0
0
1
0
10h
13h
0
0
0
1
1
18h
1Bh
0
0
1
0
0
20h
23h
0
0
1
0
1
28h
2Bh
0
0
1
1
0
30h
33h
0
0
1
1
1
38h
3Bh
0
1
0
0
0
40h
43h
0
1
0
0
1
48h
4Bh
0
1
0
1
0
50h
53h
0
1
0
1
1
58h
5Bh
0
1
1
0
0
60h
63h
0
1
1
0
1
68h
6Bh
0
1
1
1
0
70h
73h
0
1
1
1
1
78h
7Bh
280
EP5-32GDE
Connection example EP5-32GDE:
4
281
The module addresses starts at 0 if the lowest base address has been set at the DIP
switch (all DIP switches set to OFF). The opto-isolator inputs requires approx. 10mA
and have no internal protective resistor. At a typical diode flow voltage of 1.3V and
an input voltage of Uin the protective resistance is calculated as follows:
R = Uin - 1.3V / 0,01A
4
282
EP5-32GDE
Program example:
'------------------------------------------------------------------'Name: EP5-1.TIG
'------------------------------------------------------------------#INCLUDE DEFINE_A.INC
'general defines
TASK MAIN
'begin task MAIN
FOR I = 90h TO 93h
IN I,VALUE
WAIT_DURATION 1000
NEXT
END
'from port 0 to 3
'read from port
'output value
'wait 1 sec
'next port
'end task MAIN
4
Technical data for the I/O extension module EP5-32GDE:
Size / Weight
Power supply
4.7V...5.5V
approx. 80µA
32
Diode current
5...50mA
Diode flow voltage
typical 1.3V
Temperature range
-40 to +85°C
283
Dimensions EP5-32GDE:
41mm
1400mil = 35.6mm
4.8...5.8mm
1200mil = 30.5mm
2.54mm
4
63mm
12mm
2.54mm
284
EP6-UNIVD
EP6-UNIVD
Universal I/O +128 Key
The I/O extension module EP6-UNIVD provides 8 digital inputs (0...5V), 8 digital
outputs (0...5V, 5mA), 8 Open-Collector outputs (0...50V, max. 500mA) and one
keyboard connection with up to 128 keys or DIP switches. The base address of this
modules
Pin assignment EP6-UNIVDE
4
285
Pin description EP6-UNIVD
4
Pin
No.
Name
Function
Pin Name
No.
Function
1a
ADR5
Address-in
1b
ADR6
Address in
2a
ADR7
Address-in
2b
3a
-CS
ChipSelect
3b
-INE
In Enable
4a
Line Bit0
Keyboardline
4b
Line Bit1
Keyboardline
5a
Line Bit2
Keyboardline
5b
Line Bit3
Keyboardline
6a
Line Bit4
Keyboardline
6b
Line Bit5
Keyboardline
7a
Line Bit6
Keyboardline
7b
Line Bit7
Keyboardline
8a
Column Bit8
Keyb.column
8b
Column Bit9
Keyb.column
9a
Column Bit10 Keyb.column
9b
10a
10b Column Bit13 Keyb.column
11a
11b Column Bit15 Keyb.column
12a
Column Bit0
Keyb.column
12b Column Bit1
Keyb.column
13a
Col. Bit2
Keyb.column
13b Column Bit3
Keyb.column
14a
Col. Bit4
Keyb.column
14b Column Bit5
Keyb.column
15a
Col. Bit6
Keyb.column
15b Column Bit7
Keyb.column
16a
16b
17a
VCC-0
Voltage
17b VCC-0
Voltage
18a
P0.0
Out0 Bit0
18b P0.1
Out0 Bit1
19a
P0.2
Out0 Bit2
19b P0.3
Out0 Bit3
20a
P0.4
Out0 Bit4
20b P0.5
Out0 Bit5
21a
P0.6
Out0 Bit6
21b P0.7
Out0 Bit7
22a
GND-0
Ground
22b GND-0
Ground
23a
GND
Ground
23b GND
Ground
286
EP6-UNIVD
Pin
No.
Name
Function
24a
Pin Name
No.
Function
24b
25a
P1.7
Out1 Bit7
25b P1.6
Out1 Bit6
26a
P1.5
Out1 Bit5
26b P1.4
Out1 Bit4
27a
P1.3
Out1 Bit3
27b P1.2
Out1 Bit2
28a
P1.1
Out1 Bit1
28b P1.0
Out1 Bit0
29a
29b
30a
30b
31a
P2.7
In2 Bit7
31b P2.6
In2 Bit6
32a
P2.5
In2 Bit5
32b P2.4
In2 Bit4
33a
P2.3
In2 Bit3
33b P2.2
In2 Bit2
34a
P2.1
In2 Bit1
34b P2.0
In2 Bit0
35a
35b
36a
36b
37a
37b
38a
38b
39a
39b
40a
40b
41a
DCLK
Dataclock
41b ACLK
Addressclock
42a
Bus-7
I/O-Bus Bit7
42b Bus-6
I/O-Bus Bit6
43a
Bus-5
I/O-Bus Bit5
43b Bus-4
I/O-Bus Bit4
44a
Bus-3
I/O-Bus Bit3
44b Bus-2
I/O-Bus Bit2
45a
Bus-1
I/O-Bus Bit1
45b Bus-0
I/O-Bus Bit0
46a
VCC
+5V
46b VCC
+5V
4
287
Addressing the EP6-UNIVD
To connect one of the Tiger modules to the EP6-UNIVD certain pins must be used, in
Pin-Function
BASICTiger®-Pins
Module type
A
Tiny-Tiger
Pin-No.
Pin-No.
Bus-0...Bus-7
4
L60...L67
2...9
1...8
ACLK (Addressclock)
L33
30
29
DCLK (Dataclock)
L34
31
30
-INE (in-enable)
L35
32
31
ADR5...ADR7
-CS
further Pins
Row Bit-n
Keyboard lines (n=0...7)
Col Bit-n
Keyboard columns (n=0...15)
Port-0 Bit-n
Open-Collector output with 8 Bits (n=0...7)
Port-1 Bit-n
Digital output ports with 8 Bits (n=0...7)
Port-2 Bit-n
Digital input ports with 8 Bits (n=0...7)
288
EP6-UNIVD
Modular mimic display of the addressing of the EP6-UNIVD:
D0...D7
A0...A4 > Port 0...2, 16 keyboard columns
D0...D
Address
latch
A5...A7
Comparator
ADR5...ADR7
&
4
ok
-CS
289
module occupies 32 addresses from the base address and is addressed when ‘-CS’ is
‘low’ and an address in the pre-set range is addressed.
EP6-UNIVD Addressing
4
-CE
ADR7
ADR6
ADR5
Port-0, 1 (Out)
Port-2 (In)
Keyboard
column
1
x
x
x
—
—
—
0
0
0
0
0, 1
2
4-13h
0
0
0
1
20h, 21h
22h
24h-33h
0
0
1
0
40h, 41h
42h
44h-53h
0
0
1
1
60h, 61h
62h
64h-73h
0
1
0
0
80h, 81h
82h
84h-93h
0
1
0
1
0A0h, 0A1h
0A2h
0A4h-0B3h
0
1
1
0
0C0h, 0C1h
0C2h
0C4h-0D3h
0
1
1
1
0E0h, 0E1h
0E2h
0E4h-0F3h
The two output ports are addressed first, then the input port. The keyboard columns
follow and unoccupied address. The remaining addresses in the module are
unoccupied.
290
EP6-UNIVD
Connection example EP6-UNIVD:
4
The port addresses of the module start at 0 if the lowest base address has been set at
the DIP switch (all DIP switches set to OFF). The keyboard matrix is connected with
no further pull-up resistors. The Shift LED of the device driver LCD1.TDD, when
required is triggered at bit 0 of the first extended output port (logical address 10h).
The opto-isolator inputs require approx. 10mA and have no internal protective
resistor. At a typical diode flow voltage of 1.3V and an input voltage of Uin the
protective resistance is calculated as follows: R = Uin - 1.3V / 0,01A
291
Program example:
'-------------------------------------------------------------------'Name: EP6-1.TIG
'general defines
00 01"%
TASK MAIN
'begin task MAIN
4
WAIT_DURATION 2000
OUT 10h,255,10h
OUT 11h,255,11h
IN 12h,VALUE
PRINT #1, "Port 12h=";VALUE
'wait 2 sec
'logical port addrs.
'logical port addrs.
'read from port
'output value
CALL INIT_EP6 (1)
'initialize keyboard
'show key-scancodes
0.0.0.0.2"
'format string
USING "UD<4><1>
0.0.0.0.4UH<2><2>
PRINT #1, "<1>==== KEY_NR.TIG ====";
FOR X=0 TO 0 STEP 0
'endless loop
FOR N=0 TO 0 STEP 0
'endless loop until N=1(GET!)
RELEASE_TASK
'release rest of task time
GET #1, #0, #1, 1, N
'N=chars in keyboard buffer
NEXT
GET #1, 1, K$
'read from keyboard buffer
PRINT #1, "<2><10>Key-Nr =";
'output to LC-display
PRINT USING #1, ASC(K$);" ($";ASC(K$);")"
'show key-no.
NEXT
END
'end task MAIN
'-------------------------------------------------------------------'Subroutine:
set keyboard columns as keys (not DIP)
'
logical scan addresses
'
key codes identical with scan codes
'-------------------------------------------------------------------'Input:
1 numerical parameter (BYTE, WORD or LONG)
'
= device no. of LCD-/keyboard device driver
'-------------------------------------------------------------------SUB INIT_EP6 (LONG DEV_NR)
'begin subroutine INIT_EP6
STRING A$ (128)
'string with 128 chars max.
'set 16 columns to keys
PRINT #DEV_NR, "<1Bh>D<16><1><1><1><1><1><1><1><1>&
<1><1><1><1><1><1><1><1><0F0h>"
292
EP6-UNIVD
'14h logical
to 23h -->
phys.
4h to 13h
'set
scan
addresses
'with an offset of -10h
PRINT #DEV_NR, "<1Bh>k<14h><15h><16h><17h><18h><19h><1Ah><1Bh>&
<1Ch><1Dh><1Eh><1Fh><20h><21h><22h><23h><0F0h>"
A$="&
000102030405060708090A0B0C0D0E0F&
101112131415161718191A1B1C1D1E1F&
202122232425262728292A2B2C2D2E2F&
303132333435363738393A3B3C3D3E3F&
404142434445464748494A4B4C4D4E4F&
505152535455565758595A5B5C5D5E5F&
606162636465666768696A6B6C6D6E6F&
707172737475767778797A7B7C7D7E7F"%
PRINT #DEV_NR, "<1BH>Z";A$;"<F0H>";
PRINT #DEV_NR, "<1BH>K<0><F0H>";
PRINT #DEV_NR, "<1BH>r<20><5><F0H>";
'key-codes un-shifted
'00..0F
'10..1F
'20..2F
'30..3F
'40..4F
'50..5F
'60..6F
'70..7F
'set key-codes un-shifted
'key-click: 0 = ON
'typematic rate
4
'now the scan settings are ok. Wait one scan ...
WAIT_DURATION 20
PUT #DEV, #0, #UFCO_IBU_ERASE, 0
'and erase the input buffer
END
'= RETURN from Sub
293
Technical data for the I/O extension module EP6-UNIVD:
4
Size / Weight
Power consumption
4.7V...5.5V
approx. 3mA
Number of ext. OC outputs
8
500mA
Max. current for an output (DC)
350mA
260mA
90mA
50V
Max. power loss of a port
0.4W
8
Max. current of an output 0...5V
5mA
8
Number of keyboard lines
8
Number of keyboard columns
16
Temperature range
-40 to +85°C
294
EP6-UNIVD
Dimensions EP6-UNIVD:
41mm
1400mil = 35.6mm
4.8...5.8mm
1200mil = 30.5mm
2.54mm
4
63mm
12mm
2.54mm
295
Empty Page
4
296
EP10-16PDA/GDE
EP10-16PDA/GDE
16 Opto-isolated inputs / 16 Open collector outputs
The I/O extension module EP10-16PDA/GDE provides 16 opto-isolated inputs and 16
open-collector outputs (0... 50V max.,. 500mA max.). The base address of this
modules
Pin assignment EP10-16PDA/GDE
4
297
Pin description EP10-16PDA/GDE
Pin
No.
Name
Function
Pin Name
No.
Function
1a
ADR3
Address-in
1b
ADR4
Address-in
2a
ADR5
Address-in
2b
ADR6
Address-in
3a
-CS
ChipSelect
3b
-INE
In Enable
4a
A7
Address 7 out
4b
-A7
Neg.. Addr 7 out
5a
4
5b
6a
VCC-0
Voltage
6b
VCC-0
Voltage
7a
P0.0
Out 0 Bit0
7b
P0.1
Out0 Bit1
8a
P0.2
Out0 Bit2
8b
P0.3
Out0 Bit3
9a
P0.4
Out0 Bit4
9b
P0.5
Out0 Bit5
10a
P0.6
Out0 Bit6
10b P0.7
Out0 Bit7
11a
GND-0
Ground
11b GND-0
Ground
12a
12b
13a
13b
14a
VCC-1
Voltage
14b VCC-1
Voltage
15a
P1.0
Out1 Bit0
15b P1.1
Out1 Bit1
16a
P1.2
Out1 Bit2
16b P1.3
Out1 Bit3
17a
P1.4
Out1 Bit4
17b P1.5
Out1 Bit5
18a
P1.6
Out1 Bit6
18b P1.7
Out1 Bit7
19a
GND-1
Ground
19b GND-1
Ground
20a
20b
21a
21b
22a
22b
23a
298
GND
Ground
23b GND
Ground
EP10-16PDA/GDE
Pin
No.
Name
Function
Pin Name
No.
Function
24a
GND-2
Ground-2
24b GND-2
Ground-2
25a
P2.7
In2 Bit7
25b P2.6
In2 Bit6
26a
P2.5
In2 Bit5
26b P2.4
In2 Bit4
27a
P2.3
In2 Bit3
27b P2.2
In2 Bit2
28a
P2.1
In2 Bit1
28b P2.0
In2 Bit0
29a
29b
30a
30b
31a
31b
32a
GND-3
Ground-3
32b GND-3
Ground-3
33a
P3.7
In3 Bit7
33b P3.6
In3 Bit6
34a
P3.5
In3 Bit5
34b P3.4
In3 Bit4
35a
P3.3
In3 Bit3
35b P3.2
In3 Bit2
36a
P3.1
In3 Bit1
36b P3.0
In3 Bit0
37a
37b
38a
38b
39a
39b
40a
40b
41a
DCLK
Dataclock
41b ACLK
Addressclock
42a
Bus-7
I/O-Bus Bit7
42b Bus-6
I/O-Bus Bit6
43a
Bus-5
I/O-Bus Bit5
43b Bus-4
I/O-Bus Bit4
44a
Bus-3
I/O-Bus Bit3
44b Bus-2
I/O-Bus Bit2
45a
Bus-1
I/O-Bus Bit1
45b Bus-0
I/O-Bus Bit0
46a
VCC
4
46b VCC
299
Addressing the EP10-16PDA/GDE
To connect one of the Tiger modules to the EP10-16PDA/GDE certain pins must be
used, in order to directly support the extended I/O module with the EPORT system.
The table below shows which pins on which Tiger® module are to carry out a
particular function in communicating with the extended I/O module:
Pin-Name
BASICTiger®-Pins
Module type
A
Tiny-Tiger
Pin-No.
Pin-No.
Bus-0...Bus-7
4
L60...L67
2...9
1...8
ACLK (Addressclock)
L33
30
29
DCLK (Dataclock)
L34
31
30
-INE (in-enable)
L35
32
31
ADR3...ADR6
-CS
further Pins
A7
-A7
A7-Output inverted
Port-m Bit-n
Ports (m=0...1) each with 8 bits (n=0...7) OCoutputs
Ports (m=2...3) each with 8 bits (n=0...7) OCInputs
300
EP10-16PDA/GDE
Modular mimic diagram of the addressing of the EP10-16PDA/GDE:
D0...D7
A0...A2 > Port 0...3
D0...D7
-A7
Address
latch
A7
A3...A6
Comparator
ADR3...ADR6
&
ok
-CS
301
4
extended input ports occupy 8 addresses from the base address, though only 4
addresses are used. The module is addressed when ‘-CS’ is ‘low’ and an address in
the pre-set range is addressed.
EP10-16PDA/GDE Addressing
4
-CE
ADR6
ADR5
ADR4
ADR3
Port-0
Port-3
1
x
x
x
x
—
—
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
1
8
0Bh
0
0
0
1
0
10h
13h
0
0
0
1
1
18h
1Bh
0
0
1
0
0
20h
23h
0
0
1
0
1
28h
2Bh
0
0
1
1
0
30h
33h
0
0
1
1
1
38h
3Bh
0
1
0
0
0
40h
43h
0
1
0
0
1
48h
4Bh
0
1
0
1
0
50h
53h
0
1
0
1
1
58h
5Bh
0
1
1
0
0
60h
63h
0
1
1
0
1
68h
6Bh
0
1
1
1
0
70h
73h
0
1
1
1
1
78h
7Bh
302
EP10-16PDA/GDE
Connection example EP10-16PDA/GDE
4
303
The module addresses start at 0 if the lowest base address has been set at the DIP
switch (all DIP switches set to OFF). The opto-isolator inputs require approximately
10mA and have no internal protective resistor. At a typical diode flow voltage of 1.3V
and an input voltage of Uin the protective resistance is calculated as follows:
R = Uin - 1.3V / 0,01A
Program example:
4
'------------------------------------------------------------------'Name: EP10-1.TIG
'------------------------------------------------------------------#INCLUDE DEFINE_A.INC
'general defines
00 01"%
TASK MAIN
'begin task MAIN
WAIT_DURATION 2000
OUT 10h,255,11h
OUT 11h,255,10h
IN 12h,VALUE
PRINT #1, "Port 2 =";VALUE
IN 13h,VALUE
PRINT #1, "Port 3 =";VALUE
END
304
'wait 2 sec
'output logical port addrs.
'output logical port addrs.
'read from port
'output value
'read from port
'output value
'end task MAIN
EP10-16PDA/GDE
Technical data for the I/O extension module EP10-16PDA/GDE:
Size / Weight
Power supply
4.7V...5.5V
approx. 12mA
32
500mA
Max. current of an output (DC)
350mA
260mA
90mA
50V
Max. power loss of a port
0.4W
32
Diode current
5...50mA
Diode flow voltage
1.3V
Temperature range
-40 to +85°C
4
305
Dimensions EP10-16PDA/GDE:
41mm
1400mil = 35.6mm
4.8...5.8mm
1200mil = 30.5mm
2.54mm
4
63mm
12mm
2.54mm
306
8 to 64 A/D-inputs with 12-Bit resolution
The I/O extension modules EP11-8AD to EP14-64AD provide 8/16/32/64 A/D-inputs
with an internal reference voltage (4.096V) an software-programmable input
parameters in a very compact space (0...5V/10V/±5V/±10V). The modules require an
operating voltage of only 5V, yet allow input voltages above 5V and below GND.
Pin assignment EP11-8AD to EP14-64AD
4
307
Pin description EP11-8AD
4
Pin
No.
Name
Function
Pin
No.
Name
Function
1a
ADR0
Analogportadr.
1b
ADR1
Analogportadr.
2a
ADR2
Analogportadr.
2b
-RD
Read
3a
-WR
Write
3b
HBEN
High-Byte Enable
4a
-CS
ChipSelect
4b
5a
Ch.0
Channel 0
5b
Ch.1
Channel 1
6a
Ch.2
Channel 2
6b
Ch.3
Channel 3
7a
Ch.4
Channel 4
7b
Ch.5
Channel 5
8a
Ch.6
Channel 6
8b
Ch.7
Channel 7
9a
AGND-0
Analog GND 0
9b
Ch.8
Channel 8
10a
Ch.9
Channel 9
10b
Ch.10
Channel 10
11a
Ch.11
Channel 11
11b
Ch.12
Channel 12
12a
Ch.13
Channel 13
12b
Ch.14
Channel 14
13a
Ch.15
Channel 15
13b
AGND-1
Analog GND 1
14a
Ch.16
Channel 16
14b
Ch.17
Channel 17
15a
Ch.18
Channel 18
15b
Ch.19
Channel 19
16a
Ch.20
Channel 20
16b
Ch.21
Channel 21
17a
Ch.22
Channel 22
17b
Ch.23
Channel 23
18a
AGND-2
Analog GND 2
18b
Ch.24
Channel 24
19a
Ch.25
Channel 25
19b
Ch.26
Channel 26
20a
Ch.27
Channel 27
20b
Ch.28
Channel 28
21a
Ch.29
Channel 29
21b
Ch.30
Channel 30
22a
Ch.31
Channel 31
22b
AGND-3
Analog GND 3
23a
GND
GND
23b
GND
GND
308
Pin
No.
Name
Function
Pin
No.
Name
Function
24a
AGND-4
Analog GND 4
24b
Ch.39
Channel 39
25a
Ch.38
Channel 38
25b
Ch.37
Channel 37
26a
Ch.36
Channel 36
26b
Ch.35
Channel 35
27a
Ch.34
Channel 34
27b
Ch.33
Channel 33
28a
Ch.32
Channel 32
28b
AGND-5
Analog GND 5
29a
Ch.47
Channel 47
29b
Ch.46
Channel 46
30a
Ch.45
Channel 45
30b
Ch.44
Channel 44
31a
Ch.43
Channel 43
31b
Ch.42
Channel 42
32a
Ch.41
Channel 41
32b
Ch.40
Channel 40
33a
AGND-6
Analog GND 6
33b
Ch.55
Channel 55
34a
Ch.54
Channel 54
34b
Ch.53
Channel 53
35a
Ch.52
Channel 52
35b
Ch.51
Channel 51
36a
Ch.50
Channel 50
36b
Ch.49
Channel 49
37a
Ch.48
Channel 48
37b
AGND-7
Analog GND 7
38a
Ch.63
Channel 63
38b
Ch.62
Channel 62
39a
Ch.61
Channel 61
39b
Ch.60
Channel 60
40a
Ch.59
Channel 59
40b
Ch.58
Channel 58
41a
Ch.57
Channel 57
41b
Ch.56
Channel 56
42a
Bus-7
I/O-Bus Bit7
42b
Bus-6
I/O-Bus Bit6
43a
Bus-5
I/O-Bus Bit5
43b
Bus-4
I/O-Bus Bit4
44a
Bus-3
I/O-Bus Bit3
44b
Bus-2
I/O-Bus Bit2
45a
Bus-1
I/O-Bus Bit1
45b
Bus-0
I/O-Bus Bit0
46a
VCC
46b
VCC
4
309
Addressing the EP11-EP14-AD
The modules EP11-8AD to EP14-64AD have a different number of analog channels.
Select the analog port with pins ADR0... ADR2 with '-CS' at the same time set to
'low'. Each port in turn has 8 channels. A channel is selected by writing a control byte
to the corresponding port. This control byte also sets the channel's other parameters.
Meaning of control byte:
4
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
PD1
PD0
ACQM
RNG
BIP
A2
A1
A0
Power-Down-Mode always 0
00: invalid!
01: Normal
10: Standby
11: Power-Down
310
Range and polarity
00: 0...5V
01: 0...10V
10: ±5V
11: ±10V
Channel
000: Channel 0
001: Channel 1
010: Channel 2
011: Channel 3
100: Channel 4
101: Channel 5
110: Channel 6
111: Channel 7
Functional block diagram for addressing the EP11...EP14:
D0...D7
ADR0...3
-CS
A/D-Select 0 A/D-Port 0
8 A/D-Inputs
Portdecoder
-WR
-RD
HBEN
4
311
Connection example EP11-8AD to EP14-64AD
4
312
Technical data for the I/O extension modules EP11-8AD to EP14-64AD:
EP11
EP12
EP13
EP14
Size / Weight
Power supply
4.7V...5.5V
Zero signal current consumption
Normal mode, unipolar
Normal mode, bipolar
No. of analog inputs
10mA
20mA
20mA
40mA
40mA
80mA
80mA
160mA
8
16
32
64
Accuracy
Non-linearity type A
±1/2 LSB
Non-linearity type B
±1 LSB
Differential non-linearity
±1 LSB
Offset error Typ A
unipolar
bipolar
±3 LSB
±5 LSB
Offset error Typ B
unipolar
bipolar
±5 LSB
±10 LSB
Channel-to-channel offset error
Matching - unipolar
bipolar
±0.1 LSB
±0.5 LSB
Gain-Error Typ A uni- and bipolar
±7 LSB
Gain-Error Typ B uni- and bipolar
±10 LSB
Gain Temperature Coefficient
unipolar
bipolar
3 ppm/°C
5 ppm/°C
4
313
Analog input
Input Current
Ranges 0...5V
Range ±5V
Ranges 0...10V
Range ±10V
360 µA
-600...360 µA
720 µA
-1200...720 µA
Input dynamic resistance
unipolar
bipolar
21 k
16 k
Input capacitance
40 pF
4
314
Extended I/O-system
The extended I/O system of the BASIC Tiger® permits the implementation of Input
and Output Ports (ePorts) with a few, low-cost external components. Up to 1920
extended I/O pins are supported. The Tiger BASIC® accesses the extended I/O's in the
same way it accesses internal ports. The control of extended I/O-pins requires a data
bus and three further I/O lines, ‘Aclk’, ‘Dclk’ and ‘In-enable’. Access to the extended
I/O system occurs on the same data bus used for other devices like LCD, Printer or
parallel I/O. Each device has its own control lines. Future device drivers will also use
the same data bus. The extended I/O system is integrated in the run time kernel and
does not require a device driver.
The following pins are used as standard pins by the module type A:
Name
BASICTiger®-Pins
Module type
A
Tiny Tiger
Pin No.
Pin No.
D0...D7
L60...L67
2...9
1...8
L33
30
29
Dclk (Data clock)
L34
31
30
-INE (in-enable) or
L35
32
31
E (LCD: enable)
L36
33
32
L37
34
33
beep
L42
35
*
busy-in (PRN1)
L70
10
9
strobe-out (PRN1)
L71
11
10
busy-out (PIN1)
L80
14
13
strobe-in (PIN1)
L81
15
14
-keyb (keyboard)
* Tiny Tiger does not have the standard beep pin L42. The beep pin must be placed
on another pin in the line ‘INSTALL_DEVICE’.
315
4
Extended I/O-system
All lines are automatically supervised by the device drivers LCD1.TDD, PIN1.TDD
and PRN1.TDD. No device driver is required when using the extended I/O-Pins.
Both the extended port system and the device drivers can protect individual port lines
against access by the IN and OUT instructions. The only exceptions are low-level
instructions, which can always access the ports. See also ‘The software side of the
extended I/O-Ports’, page 329.
Address generation
4
Since the internal I/O-Ports already have addresses the extended ports are addressed
through logic addresses which do not necessarily have to match the addresses of the
hardware circuits. The software for the ePort systems adds an offset to the logic
BYTE addresses to physically address the ePorts. The logic addresses are split into
separate address areas for output and inputs, which are from 10H (16) to FFH (255).
Following the last address for output all addresses are input addresses. The last logical
output address can be set by an USER_EPORT command.
316
^
Address generation
The drawing shows how the EPORT system translates the 240 (0E0h) logical
extended addresses to physical addresses:
logical
addresses
physical
addresses
0FFh
extended
inputs
0EFh
4
extended
inputs
first
input address
USER_EPORT
LASTLADR
last outputaddress
extended
outputs
extended
outputs
10h
internal
I/O ports
USER_EPORT
PHYSOFFS -10h
0
0
317
Extended I/O-system
The example shows how extended I/O ports are accessed in Tiger-BASIC®:
IN 7, N
OUT 6, MASK, VALUE
IN 90H, N
OUT 33H, MASK, VALUE
4
'
'
'
'
'
<------ internal port ----->
read byte from port-7 --> N
Value -> Port 6
0-Bit in mask --> Port-Bit
does not change
'
'
'
'
'
<------ external port ----->
read byte from port-90h --> N
Value -> Port 33H
0-Bit in mask --> Port-Bit
does not change
The following example table shows which addresses result from an offset of -10H,
which must be given as a negative byte value: F0H. This parameter is interpreted as a
signed byte, but variables of the type BYTE in Tiger-BASIC® are unsigned.
logical (BASIC)
physical (decoding)
from address
to address
from address
to address
Outputs
10H (16)
8FH (139)
0H (0)
7FH (127)
Inputs
90H (144)
FFH (240)
80H (128)
EFH (240)
This looks as follows on the Plug & Play Lab (Offset -8):
logical (BASIC)
physical (decoding)
from address
to address
from address
to address
Outputs
10H (16)
8FH (139)
8H (0)
87H (135)
Inputs
90H (144)
FFH (255)
88H (136)
F8H (255)
The Plug & Play Lab has 64 extended outputs. These are addressed via the addresses
10h→17h (hexadecimal) or 16→23 (decimal). Standard: the last output address is
1FH (31).
Extended inputs can be found on the Plug & Play Lab in a modified form as a
keyboard. Since the keyboard is not fully decoded, it is mirrored in the entire address
318
Address generation
area. The device driver LCD1.TDD scans the keyboard rows for the logical addresses
from 98H to A7H, in other words physically from 90H to 9FH. However, the scan
addresses can e set (ESC-k command of LCD1.TDD).
The schematic shows the hardware generating addresses for extended I/O. The
address bus is built by an 8 bit latch taking over the address through the signal ‘Aclk’.
If necessary addresses are further decoded to access output latches, input bus drivers,
etc.
The address latch is necessary only once, while decoding of outputs and inputs is
separate. The input decoder is only activated when ‘-INE’ (in-enable) is low.
Sometimes, in simple designs further decoding is not necessary. One address may be
mirrored in the whole address area. More complicated designs have as well extended
outputs as extended inputs together with a keyboard.
4
319
Extended I/O-system
Address generation by the ePort systems:
4
The following pages show examples for a variety of applications.
320
Extended Outputs
Extended Outputs
The extended outputs are implemented using standard components of the 74 series of
integrated circuits:
• ‘138 Address-Decoder
• ‘377 Octal D-Latch
The address is transferred to the first latch, 74HC377, by a pulse to the line ‘Aclk’.
The address bus leads to the 74HC138. This component is a 3-to-8 Multiplexer. This
activates one of the 74HC377's using its enable line, according to the pending address.
In the case of the extended outputs, the data is transferred to the addressed output
latch with ‘Dclk’. In the following example circuit for 32 extended outputs, the
physical addresses start at 0 and are mirrored in the entire address area:
•
•
•
•
•
4
0→4
10H→14H
20H→24H
...
70H→74H
With addresses above 80H, the signal A7 at HC138 prevents further mirroring. The
offset from logical to physical addresses in this case is -10H (F0H). All control lines
are operated via the extended I/O system of the BASIC Tiger® module when an OUT
instruction is executed with a corresponding address.
321
Extended I/O-system
4
322
Extended Outputs
The software system of the extended I/O must be adapted to the hardware. The
following example supposes that the physical offset of the extended port system is 10h. (See also: ‘The software side of the extended I/O-Ports’ on page 329.)
#INCLUDE DEFINE_A.INC
‘ phys. Offset = -10h
‘ 4 Ports x8=32 ext. outputs
‘ this initialization string sets the logical port addresses
‘ as a bit pattern on each port. Initialization begins at phys. Addr 8.
USER_EPORT INITIAL, 8, “10 11 12 13“%
TASK MAIN
OUT 10h, 255, 01010101b
‘ output to first
‘ extended output port
END
4
Timing of extended output (BASIC-Tiger® Module A or Tiny-Tiger®):
0.6µs
1.4µs
address
addressgen.
aclk
1µs
0.6µs
1.4µs
data
output
dclk
323
Extended I/O-system
Extended Inputs
The extended inputs are implemented using standard components of the 74 series of
integrated circuits:
• ‘138 Address-Decoder
• ‘377 Octal D-Latch
• ‘245 Bus-Transceiver
The address is transferred to the first latch, 74HC377, by a pulse to the line ‘Aclk’.
The address bus leads to the 74HC138. This component is a 3-to-8 Multiplexer.
According to the pending address, one of the 74HC245's is activated using its enable
line, as soon as it switches to ‘low’ state.
4
In the following example circuit for 32 extended inputs, the physical addresses start at
80H and are mirrored in the entire address area:
•
•
•
•
•
80H→84H
90H→94H
A0H→A4H
...
F0H→F4H
With addresses below 80H, the signal A7 at HC138 prevents duplication. The offset
from logical to physical addresses in this case is -10H (F0H). All control lines are
operated via the extended I/O system of the BASIC Tiger® module when an IN
instruction is executed with a corresponding address.
If a keyboard is connected to the BASIC Tiger® module and the driver LCD1.TDD is
being used, certain input addresses are seized by the keyboard. This means that the
extended inputs have to be alternatively decoded. An example circuit without a
keyboard in the system is shown below.
324
Extended Inputs
32 extended input lines (without using the keyboard):
4
325
Extended I/O-system
Timing of extended inputs (BASIC-Tiger® Module A or Tiny-Tiger®):
0.6µs
1.4µs
address
addressgen.
aclk
ext. data
4
input
ine
3.0µs
2.0µs
read
326
Since the driver LCD1.TDD scans a keyboard and with this feature occupies certain
extended input addresses, the input address area has to be alternatively coded for
simultaneous implementation of the keyboard and extended input pins. Since the
keyboard is not fully decoded on the Plug & Play Lab, further measures must be taken
to implement extended inputs on this board.
The driver LCD1.TDD uses the logical addresses 98H→A7H to scan the keyboard.
With an offset of -10H used for extended I/O's, the physical scan addresses are
from 88H to 97H. On the Plug & Play Lab, a -8 offset for extended I/O's results in
physical scan addresses from 90H to 9FH. The example on the following page shows
address coding for a keyboard with 128 keys and 24 extended input ports.
The addresses: The main address decoder i.c. only activates in the address area above
80H (through A7), where it splits addresses into groups of 8. From addresses 88H to
97H, individual keyboard columns are activated by 2 further HC138's. The upper
HC245 is enabled via two diodes when any of the keyboard columns is accessed and
reads keyboard rows. This is the keyboard's physical address area. The 3 extended
input ports can also be addressed through 3 groups of 8 addresses:
• 80H→8FH
• 90H→9FH
• A0H→A7H
327
4
Extended I/O-system
Extended inputs together with keyboard:
4
328
The extended I/O-Ports are addressed from Tiger BASIC® in exactly the same way as
internal ports.
The control software for extended I/O must be adapted to the actual conditions since
the lower addresses are already occupied by internal ports and address duplication can
occur on external ports through incomplete address decoding.
The compiler instruction
USER_ EPORT Command, Argument
sets system parameters in the BASIC Tiger® module which relate to the control of the
external ports. This instruction may also indirectly affect certain internal ports. The
commands are defined in the Include file DEFINE_A.INC. This file thus has to be
included before using one of the following commands.
Commands for the compiler instruction USER_EPORT:
329
4
Extended I/O-system
4
Command
Argument
Meaning
ACT
ACTIVE
Extended I/O ports are supported (standard).
NOACTIVE
Extended I/O ports are not supported.
Port L6 is not used by ePort system
Pins L33,34,35 not used by ePort system
BUSL
set port for data bus lines (default = port 6)
CTRLL
set port for the control lines of extended I/O
ports (default = 3)
DCLKBMASK
Bitmask
specifies the bit mask for the DCLK line of
the extended ports
ACLKBMASK
Bitmask
specifies the bit mask for the ACLK line of
the extended ports
INEBMASK
Bitmask
specifies the bit mask for the INE line of the
extended ports
PHYSOFFS
Offset
Sets the logical to physical addresses offset.
NROFOUT
Number
Sets the number of output ports to be
initialized.
INITIAL
Base, HEX-String Specifies the initialization value for the
extended ports; starts initialization from
address base.
LASTLADR
Address
330
Specifies the last logical address used for
extended outputs. Subsequent addresses are
extended inputs.
Following a reset, the extended ports can be addressed and the activity flag is set to
ACTIVE. In order to use the corresponding I/O ports as normal ports for the
controllers, the activity flag must be reset:
USER_ EPORT ACT, NOACTIVE
ACT
sets the activity flag; in this example to NOACTIVE.
USER_EPORT PHYSOFFS, 0F8H
PHYSOFFS
sets the offset from the logical to the physical address; In the
following example: to 0F8H (= -8).
Physical offset cannot be set to 0.
USER_ EPORT PHYSOFFS, 0F8H
OUT 10H, Value
4
‘ set offset -8 (BYTE!)
‘ on the extended I/O-bus appears
‘ the physical address 8 (=10H-8)
Moreover, the number of output ports to be initialized can be adjusted with the
command NROFOUT:
USER_EPORT NROFOUT, Number
NROFOUT
sets the number of output ports to be initialized.
Number
e.g. 10H (16), so that only 16 output ports are initialized. Note:
ports, not output bits.
Set this value as accurately as possible. An excessively high value leads to
unnecessary operations. Also, with incomplete decoding ‘address duplication’ errors
may occur. If only a few ePorts are used, components can be saved through
incomplete decoding. Using 8 ports, only 3 bits need to be used for address decoding,
e.g. Bits 0, 1 & 2 on a 74HC138. The I/O addresses are then repeated at intervals
of 8H. The I/O address areas are then duplicated. Example:
' outputs to ePort #1.
' also outputs to ePort #1.
331
Extended I/O-system
The drawing shows how the EPORT system translates the 240 (0E0h) logical
extended addresses to physical addresses:
logical
addresses
physical
addresses
0FFh
extended
inputs
4
0EFh
extended
inputs
first
input address
USER_EPORT
LASTLADR
last outputaddress
extended
outputs
extended
outputs
10h
internal
I/O ports
USER_EPORT
PHYSOFFS -10h
0
332
0
The compiler instruction USER_EPORT NROFOUT is used to specify the actual
number of ports addressed by decoder i.c's, so that only these ports are set during
initialization:
USER_EPORT NROFOUT 10H
' <- nr of output-ports
The extended outputs are initialized during the start of the Tiger BASIC® module. The
bit pattern can be adjusted to your requirements with the command INITIAL:
USER_EPORT INITIAL, Base, String
Base
specifies at which address initialization is to start. In the
following example, this starts at the 8th byte. It is sent to the
physical address 8.
String
is a HEX-String with 128 bytes (see ‘%’-sign at end of string).
In the following example the physical address is written to
every port (from the 8th byte):
The following example writes the byte value of the physical address to each port.
Independent from the length of the init string the number of ports being initialized is
determined by the number set by ‘USER_EPORT NROFOUT, n’:
USER_EPORT NROFOUT 12H
TASK MAIN
USER_EPORT INITIAL, 8, „&
08090A0B0C0D0E0F10111213"%
' <- no of output ports
' initialize from phys. 8
' with 12 bytes
The last address used for extended output ports is set with the command
LASTLADR. All following addresses are input addresses:
USER_EPORT LASTLADR, Addr
Addr
sets the last logical address for extended output ports.
333
4
Extended I/O-system
Modify keyboard
The keyboard requires the data bus L60→L67 and two further I/O lines ‘aclk’ and
‘keyb’ (‘keyb’=’Input-enable’).
The keyboard occupies an extended input address for each column. Keyboards with
up to 16 columns or 8 rows, i.e. 128 keys, are supported. Each keyboard column can
also be provided with a DIP switch and is handled accordingly.
The keyboard driver uses certain HC-MOS-IC for control purposes:
74HC377: as an address latch as well as 1 or 2 74HC138, to control 8 or 16 columns.
Each column requires a diode and has up to 8 keys.
4
74HC245: to read out the rows of the keyboard with a low-signal at the ‘enable’ input.
Each row requires a pull-up resistance, e.g. 47k. Some membrane keyboards need
less, 22k or even 10k due to keyboard capacities. A maximum of 8 rows are possible.
The driver also generates sounds. A corresponding (self-oscillating) output device has
to be connected to BASIC Tiger® pin L42, (Module A pin-No. 35) e.g. the beep of the
Plug & Play Labs board.
The 'Shift' LED of the keyboard is connected to the least significant bit of the
extended output port.
334
Modify keyboard
The illustration shows a simple keyboard, which does not use extended port inputs.
4
The device driver initially assigns key Scan-Codes in accordance with the used
keyboard matrix layout. Following inclusion of the driver, a key assignment table can
be created with an ESC command, so that all keys generate the desired code in the
respective application. Alternatively, a key attribute table can be loaded.
Apart from the simple key codes, a table can be created for shifted-key codes. Each of
these tables consists of 128 bytes.
Before using shifted-key codes, at least one key must be assigned the attribute ‘Shift’.
Further key attributes affect the auto-repeat behavior of the keys.
335
Extended I/O-system
A key with the attribute CTRL generates a skew of minus 40h (64dec.) to the key
codes of the coding table.
When adapting your own keyboard, the program 'KEY_NO.TIG' (subdirectory
APPLICAT) can be of assistance. The scan codes of the keys are shown on the output
device. This helps you find the position of every key in the code table.
DIP-switches are connected to the keyboard matrix. One diode is required for each
DIP-switch to prevent short circuits between the rows.
4
336
Modify keyboard
Each DIP switch needs a diode to avoid shorts between the rows.
The following example shows the basic ESC-commands used to set scan addresses
and to determine DIP switch rows. The example supposes that the physical offset of
the extended I/O system is -10h. The DIP switch in the above circuit is on column 8
(count begins with 1).
‘ phys. offset = -10h
TASK MAIN
INSTALL_DEVICE #LCD, “LCD1.TDD“
‘ -------- set column 8 to DIP switch
PUT #LCD, “<1Bh>D<16><1><1><1><1><1><1><1><0>&
<1><1><1><1><1><1><1><1><0F0h>“
‘ logical scan addresses
PUT #LCD, “<1Bh>k<90h><91h><92h><93h><94h><95h><96h><97h>&
<90h><91h><92h><93h><94h><95h><96h><97h><0F0h>“
‘ Adaptation of scan codes follows ...
4
END
Adapting your keyboard
The keyboard is supported by including the driver LCD1.TDD. Further information
regarding keyboard modifications and configuring special functions i.e. Shift, Ctrl or
DIP-switches, can be found in the drivers descriptions in the Device Driver Manual.
337
Extended I/O-system
Empty Page
4
338
Before you start
1
Installation
2
3
4
5
Index
6
Appendix
7
339
Empty Page
340
5 Frequently asked questions
Can I program the BASIC Tiger® module in a machine language too?
No. The only available level is programming in Tiger BASIC®. Tiger BASIC®
generates very fast program code to meet the user's wishes for higher speeds. You
should choose a Tiger module of the corresponding performance class depending on
the throughput or response behavior requirements.
The absence of a lower language level has the advantage that Tiger BASIC®
programs are easily portable between various module types. Moreover, it is
practically impossible to accidentally cause a crash in the runtime system, which
makes an important contribution to the high reliability of BASIC Tiger®.
How much current can the I/O-Pins of the module provide or draw?
If all pins are loaded equally you should not greatly exceed 1mA per pin (<1.5mA). If
a maximum of 8 pins are loaded, these can provide or draw up to 3.5mA.
What do I do with pin 1 on module ANN-X/X?
Connect to VCC or leave free.
How do I address the extended outputs on the Plug & Play Lab?
In exactly the same way as the internal ports, simply using other addresses. The
possible address range for the extended ports is between: 10H....FFH (16...255). The
8 ePort outputs on the Plug & Play Lab are in the address range: 10H...17H
(16...23). All 8 x 8 output bits of these ePorts are represented by an LED above the
keyboard. One example of a command to output a byte at the lowest ePort (10H)
could thus be: OUT 10H,0FFH,data_byte.
I have set port-pins with the OUT instruction, for example, but nothing happens at the
pins. Why?
The ports of a BASIC Tiger® module can in principle be used for a wide variety of
purposes. Instructions such as IN and OUT can be used to directly access the ports of
a module - provided these pins are not already otherwise occupied. The mechanisms
which also use the ports are: device driver as well as the ePort system for extension
up to 1920 additional digital inputs or outputs.
341
5
If, for example, a device driver such as "LCD1.TDD" is using a Port-Pin, the driver
may block this pin for all other accesses (with IN or OUT) if necessary. Although you
are allowed to execute a task at such a port with OUT, the reserved pins remain
completely unchanged. This is a protective mechanism to ensure the correct function
of the connected peripheral devices and it simplifies programming since no explicit
measures have to be taken to leave such pins unchanged
In the Plug & Play Lab the pins L60→L67 and L30→L37 are assigned to control
extended ports and thus cannot be addressed with IN or OUT.
You can dispense with the activity of extended ports by using the compiler instruction
USER_EPORT ACT, NOACTIVE (See pages from 329). These pins can then be
addressed as normal.
Can RAM or Flash memories be extended via the bus?
5
No, BASIC Tiger® modules are autonomous computer modules, not CPU blocks.
BASIC Tigers® have no external bus for memory, a corresponding module with the
desired memory size should be selected and used. This ensures the high reliability and
good EMC values.
In certain applications, however, it may prove practical to connect additional memory
(RAM, ROM, disks ...) e.g. to accommodate very large data volumes or to use
movable memory. This can be achieved either via a separate device driver, I²C-bus or
via corresponding BASIC subroutines.
Can PEEK and POKE be used for a direct access to the hardware?
The instructions PEEK and POKE enable access to free areas of the FLASH memory.
This is usually used to store data that must be retained after a power-down and
power-up. Examples of such data include calibration tables, registered measured
values, databases, operating time counters etc. Tiger BASIC® provides the
programmer with those FLASH memory areas that are not occupied by BASIC
programs for this purpose.
In accordance with the characteristics of the FLASH memory, areas are only
available in complete blocks. Tiger BASIC® automatically ensures that a BASIC
program can never accidentally erase itself. The number and size of the free sectors
depends on the module type and program size. The FLASH memory is always erased
in entire sectors (Content = FFh). Further information on using the FLASH can be
found on page 187.
342
Why are the DIP switches always initially read incorrectly after a power up or reset?
The result of the last scan is always read. You have to wait for a scan that is carried
out just after the reset, i.e. around 20 msec.
5
343
Tips and assistance
Should you encounter difficulties with a Tiger BASIC® program:
• Try to reduce the problem to the simplest possible
•
•
•
•
•
•
5
•
example. This should result in a maximum of one page,
usually only a few lines.
Make a note of how much RAM and Flash the
BASIC Tiger® module that you are using has. Use the
command Tiger status in the menu View.
Which Compiler version are you using (see About... in the
Help menu).
Which version are the involved device drivers (see Device
driver list ... in the View menu).
Describe the error as precisely as possible.
In what context does the problem occur?
Does it always occur at the same place or only
occasionally?
List all of your communication numbers such as fax
number, telephone number, etc. in your inquiry so that we
can reach you as quickly as possible.
BASIC Tiger® Service Hotline:
+49 / 241 / 15 15 99 Mo…Fr. 8.oo–17.oo MET
Wilke Technology GmbH
Krefelder Str. 147
Postfach 1727
D-52070 Aachen / Germany
Tel:
Fax:
eMail:
344
+49 / 241 / 918900
+49 / 241 / 9189044
[email protected]
In the North America contact:
Kg Systems, Inc.
#3 Dorine Industrial Park
Merry Lane
East Hanover, NJ 07936
USA
Tel:
Fax:
eMail:
973-515-4664
973-515-1033
[email protected]
http://www.industrialcontroller.com
5
345
.
5
346
Before you start
1
Installation
2
3
4
5
Index
6
Appendix
7
347
Empty Page
348
Index
6 Index
—#—
#project_model .............................. 4
—’—
’serial 0’ connector ..................... 143
—A—
Aclk ............................................ 315
Address clock ............................ 315
Analog amplifier ................. 123, 148
Analog inputs ..................... 124, 149
ANSI Control Sequences ........... 357
ASCII codes ............................... 353
—B—
Backup Battery .......................... 138
Backup Battery .......................... 108
Backup file ................................... 51
BASIC Tiger
Pin configuration .................... 190
BASIC-Tiger®-CAN-Modul ........ 221
Baudot-Code.............................. 355
Beep .................................. 120, 146
beep pin on Tiny-Tiger® ............ 171
Bus-System for LCD, keyb., ext. I/O
............................... 131, 152, 170
buzzer on Tiny-Tiger® ............... 171
—C—
Character size.............................. 81
Compiler error messages............. 89
Debug........................................... 72
Debug-Mode .............................. 109
Designation R+C ........................ 363
Device driver ............................ 3, 12
DIP-switch .................................. 336
driver transistors......................... 167
—E—
EBCDIC codes ........................... 354
Economy Tiger
pin configuration..................... 205
Editor
indent ....................................... 82
Editor mode.................................. 81
Editor, blanks ............................... 81
Editor-tabulators........................... 82
Error messages, compiler ............ 89
Extended I/O-system.................. 315
—F—
Font size....................................... 81
Functions...................................... 14
—G—
Gray Code.................................. 356
—I—
Indent, automatic.......................... 82
INE ............................................. 315
in-enable .................................... 315
Input extension........................... 324
—J—
—D—
Darlington transistors ......... 118, 145
Data clock .................................. 315
DB15 pin assignment................. 142
DB9 pin assignment................... 141
Dclk............................................ 315
J12 pin assignment .................... 134
J23 pin assignment .................... 158
—K—
Key click ............................. 120, 146
Keyboard.................................... 334
349
6
Index
—L—
Reset.......................................... 109
RS-232 driver ............................. 110
RUN-Mode ................................. 109
LC-display connector ......... 157, 175
LED status display ..................... 168
—S—
keyboard connector ........... 156, 174
—M—
Microphone ................................ 122
Multitasking .................................. 12
—O—
Offset of phys. ePort addr. ......... 331
Output extension........................ 321
—P—
6
PC-Mode.................................... 109
PC-Mode-Pin ............................. 109
PHYSOFFS ............................... 331
Pin configuration
TCAN module ........................ 221
Plug & Play Lab ......................... 103
Power amplifier .......................... 129
Power supply - BASIC-Tiger®
prototyping board ................... 137
Power supply - Plug & Play Lab. 107
Power supply - Tiny-Tiger®
Power-down ............................... 109
Power-on ................................... 109
Priority.......................................... 41
Protect software in module .......... 84
PWM amplifier ................... 126, 150
Serial connections...................... 110
Serial ports ................................. 140
Serial ports on Tiny-Tiger®
Software protection in module...... 84
—T—
Tabulators, editor ......................... 82
TCAN module
Terminal ..................................... 177
Tiger-Shortcuts........................... 361
TINY Tiger
Tiny Tiger Protoboard
extension conn. pin assignment
........................................... 176
Tiny-Tiger® prototyping board ... 159
—U—
USER_EPORT........................... 329
USER_SECURITY ....................... 84
—V—
V24-driver................................... 140
—W—
Windows-Shortcuts .................... 359
—R—
Relays........................................ 116
350
Before you start
1
Installation
2
3
4
5
Index
6
Appendix
7
351
Empty Page
352
Appendix - ASCII codes
7 Appendix
ASCII codes
ASCII, pronounced ask-ee, is an acronym for ‚American Standard Code for
Information Interchange’. The ASCII code is probably the most used code for
representing characters, numbers, and some special characters and control characters.
The code is used on The PC, Macintosh, and in the internet.
CHAR
HEX
DEC
CHAR
HEX
DEC
CHAR
HEX
DEC
NUL
SOH
STX
ETX
EOT
ENQ
ACK
BEL
BS
HT
LF
VT
FF
CR
SO
SI
DLE
D1
D2
D3
D4
NAK
SYN
ETB
CAN
EM
SUB
ESC
FS
GS
RS
US
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
0A
0B
0C
0D
0E
0F
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
09
1A
1B
1C
1D
1E
1F
000
001
002
003
004
005
006
007
008
009
010
011
012
013
014
015
016
017
018
019
020
021
022
023
024
025
026
027
028
029
030
031
SP
!
"
#
$
%
&
'
(
)
*
+
,
.
/
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
:
;
<
=
>
?
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
2A
2B
2C
2D
2E
2F
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
3A
3B
3C
3D
3E
3F
032
033
034
035
036
037
038
039
040
041
042
043
044
045
046
047
048
049
050
051
052
053
054
055
056
057
058
059
060
061
062
063
@
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
[
\
]
^
_
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
4A
4B
4C
4D
4E
4F
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
5A
5B
5C
5D
5E
5F
064
065
066
067
068
069
070
071
072
073
074
075
076
077
078
079
080
081
082
083
084
085
086
087
088
089
090
091
092
093
094
095
CHAR
HEX
DEC
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
y
z
{
|
}
~
DEL
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
6A
6B
6C
6D
6E
6F
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
7A
7B
7C
7D
7E
7F
096
097
098
099
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
353
7
Anhang - EBCDIC codes
EBCDIC codes
Pronounced eb-sih-dik, abbreviation of Extended Binary-Coded Decimal Interchange
Code. is an IBM code for representing characters as numbers. Although it is widely
used on large IBM computer, most other computers, including PC and Macintosh, use
ASCII codes.
7
Char Hex Dec
blank 40 64
.
4B 75
< 4C 76
(
4D 77
+ 4E 78
|
4F 79
& 50 80
!
5A 90
$ 5B 91
*
5C 92
)
5D 93
;
5E 94
60 96
/
61 97
,
6B 107
% 6C 108
_ 6D 109
> 6E 110
? 6F 111
:
7A 122
# 7B 123
@ 7C 124
'
7D 125
= 7E 126
"
7F 127
354
Char Hex Dec
a
81 129
b
82 130
c
83 131
d
84 132
e
85 133
f
86 134
g
87 135
h
88 136
i
89 137
j
91 145
k
92 146
l
93 147
m 94 148
n
95 149
o
96 150
p
97 151
q
98 152
r
99 153
s A2 162
t
A3 163
u A4 164
v A5 165
w A6 166
x A7 167
y A8 168
z A9 169
Char Hex Dec
A C1 193
B C2 194
C C3 195
D C4 196
E C5 197
F C6 198
G C7 199
H C8 200
I
C9 201
J D1 209
K D2 210
L D3 211
M D4 212
N D5 213
O D6 214
P D7 215
Q D8 216
R D9 217
S E2 226
T E3 227
U E4 228
V E5 229
W E6 230
X E7 231
Y E8 232
Z E9 233
Char Hex Dec
0 F0 240
1 F1 241
2 F2 242
3 F3 243
4 F4 244
5 F5 245
6 F6 246
7 F7 247
8 F8 248
9 F9 249
Appendix - The Baudot Code Set
The Baudot Code Set
Baudot, pronounced ‘bodoh’, was first used 1874 in a ‚Telegraph’. However, until
today the Baudot code is used in some areas to transfer data. The characters
‚LTRS=Letters’ and ‚FIGS=Figures’ switch between two character sets. The
rightmost bit is the Least Significant Bit (LSB), transmitted first.
LTRS
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
n/a
CR
LF
SP
LTRS
FIGS
FIGS
?
:
$
3
!
&
STOP
8
'
(
)
.
,
9
0
1
4
BELL
5
7
;
2
/
6
"
n/a
CR
LF
SP
LTRS
FIGS
HEX
03
19
0E
09
01
0D
1A
14
06
0B
0F
12
1C
0C
18
16
17
0A
05
10
07
1E
13
1D
15
11
00
08
02
04
1F
1B
BITS
00011
11001
01110
01001
00001
01101
11010
10100
00110
01011
01111
10010
11100
01100
11000
10110
10111
01010
00101
10000
00111
11110
10011
11101
10101
10001
00000
01000
00010
00100
11111
11011
7
355
Anhang - Gray Code
Gray Code
The Gray Code is arranged so that every transition from one value to the next value
involves only one bit change. This is a variable weighted code and is cyclic.
The gray code is sometimes referred to as reflected binary, because the first eight
values compare with those of the last 8 values, but in reverse order. The gray code is
often used in mechanical applications such as shaft encoders.
7
Dez.
Binär
Gray
0
0000
0000
1
0001
0001
2
0010
0011
3
0011
0010
4
0100
0110
5
0101
0111
6
0110
0101
7
0111
0100
8
1000
1100
9
1001
1101
10
1010
1111
11
1011
1110
12
1100
1010
13
1101
1011
14
1110
1001
15
1111
1000
356
Appendix - ANSI Control Sequences
ANSI Control Sequences
The below listed ANSI Control Sequences are useful, when a serial ANSI terminal or
a PC with a terminal program with ANSI emulation is connected. The output on the
screen can be positioned and, if applicable, represented in colors. The list below
shows the most important sequences.
ANSI Control Sequences begin with ESC followed by „[“. Further bytes serve as
commands, parameters, and possibly as an end character. The table shows <0> for a
byte, exactly like in strings in Tiger BASIC®. Following representations are
abbreviations:
<lb> = line number as binary value
<cb> = column number as binary value
<nb> = binary value
A missing value is assumed to be ‚1’. In Tiger-BASIC® an ANSI Control Sequence
can be put out like this (cursor in line 2, column 3):
PUT #1, “<27>[<2>;<3>H“
ANSI Sequence
ESC [2J
ESC [<lb>;<cb>H
ESC [<lb>;<cb>f
ESC [<nb>A
ESC [<nb>B
ESC [<nb>C
ESC [<nb>D
ESC [6n
ESC [s
ESC [u
ESC [K
ESC [<nb>;...;<nb>m
Function
Erases screen and sets cursor to Home position.
Moves cursor to line lb, column cb (Home is <1>;<1>)
Moves cursor to line lb, column cb (Home is <1>;<1>)
Moves cursor nb lines up, the column is not changed, max. until line
1 is reached.
Moves cursor nb lines down, the column is not changed, max. until
last line is reached.
Moves cursor nb characters to the right, the line is not changed,
max. until last position is reached.
Moves cursor nb characters to the left, the line is not changed, max.
until first position is reached.
Device reports the cursor position:
ESC [<lb>;<cb>R
Device stores the current cursor position.
Device moves cursor to the most recently stored position.
Deletes a line from cursor position to end of line.
Function ‘Set Graphic Rendition’ switches graphical attribute.
See following table
357
7
Anhang - ANSI Control Sequences
ESC-m-Parameter
0
1
2
3
5
6
7
8
30...47
Function
All attributes OFF
Bold ON
Weak ON
Italic ON
Blink ON
Fast blink ON
Inverse ON
Hidden ON
Different fore- and background colours
7
358
Appendix - Windows 95/98/NT Shortcuts
Windows 95/98/NT Shortcuts
The table shows the most important Windows 95/98/NT shortcuts.
Entry
F1
F10
SHIFT + F10
Function
Help
Activate menu bar options
Open a shortcut menu for the selected item
CTRL + C
CRTL + X
CTRL + V
CTRL + A
CTRL + S
CTRL + N
CTRL + Z
CTRL + ESC
CTRL + F4
CTRL + TAB
CTRL + SHIFT + TAB
CTRL + O
CTRL + P
CTRL + Pos1
CTRL + Ende
CTRL + ALT + DEL
Copy
Cut
Paste
Select all
Save
Open new window
Undo
Open Start menu
Close current MDI window
Next child window / property tab
Previous child window / property tab
Open
Print
Top of document
End of document
Opens Task Manager window
7
359
Anhang - Windows 95/98/NT Shortcuts
Entry
WIN
WIN + R
WIN + M
WIN + SHIFT + M
WIN + F1
WIN + E
WIN + F
WIN + D
WIN + CTRL + F
WIN + CTRL + TAB
WIN + TAB
WIN + BREAK
ALT + TAB
ALT + SHIFT + TAB
ALT + F4
ALT + F6
7
ALT + SPACE
ALT + ESC
ALT + -
360
Function
Open Start menu
Run dialog box
Minimize all
Undo minimize all
Help
Windows Explorer
Find files or folders
Minimize all open windows and display the
desktop
Find computer
Move focus from Start, to the Quick Launch
toolbar, to the system tray
Cycle through taskbar buttons
System Properties dialog box
Switch to next running program
Switch to previous running program
Quit program / Close current window
Switch between multiple windows in the same
program
Display the main window’s System menu
Switches between Explorer and all other
applications
Display the MDI child window’s System menu
Appendix - Short-Cuts Tiger-BASIC® Version 5
Short-Cuts Tiger-BASIC® Version 5
Entry
Function
Arrow keys
One column left or right
Arrow keys
One line up or down
STRG-Arrow
keys
One word further or back
PgUp, PgDn
One page up or down
STRG-Pos1
Start of text
STRG-End
End of text
STRG-F7/F8
Jump to next/previous error
Scroll bars
Fast up/down
Find function
Jump to specific place in text
Strg-S
Save file
Strg-Z
Undo
Strg-X
Cut
Strg-C
Copy
Strg-V
Paste
Strg-A
Select all
Strg-F
Find
Strg-R
Replace
F3
Find next
Strg-G
Jump to line
Strg-F9
Show messages
Strg-M
Show Tiger status
ALT-F5
View Evaluate/Modify
Strg-F5
View Watches
7
361
Anhang - Short-Cuts Tiger-BASIC® Version 5
7
Entry
Function
Strg-W
View Refresh Watches
Strg-N
View Add to Watches
F4
Start-Compile
F5
Start-Run
Strg-L
Start-download Program
Strg-D
Start-delete Program
F6
Debug-trace into (in Task)
ALT-F6
Debug-trace into (several lines, in Task)
F7
Debug-step over (in Task)
ALT-F7
Debug-step over (several lines, in Task)
F8
Debug-trace into (everywhere)
ALT-F8
Debug-trace into (several lines, everywhere)
Strg-T
Debug-Run up to Cursor
Strg-H
Debug-Stop Program
Strg-E
Debug-Reset Program
F2
Debug-toggle breakpoint
ALT-F2
Debug-specify breakpoint
Strg-K
Debug-delete all breakpoints
Strg-B
Debug-Edit protection on/off
Strg-F3
Options Communication
F1
Help
362
Appendix - Designation of resistors and capacitors
Designation of resistors and capacitors
Designation of resistors / capacitors with specification of temperature coefficient
(DIN-41429 / DIN-IEC-62 / IEC 115-1-4.5)
Color codes
Color
Figure
Multiplier
Tolerance
Temp. coeff.
0
-
± 250 * 10-6/K
black
0
10
brown
1
101
±1%
± 100 * 10-6/K
red
2
102
±2%
± 50 * 10-6/K
orange
3
103
-
± 15 * 10-6/K
yellow
4
104
-
± 25 * 10-6/K
green
5
105
±0,5%
± 20* 10-6/K
blue
6
106
±0,25%
± 10 * 10-6/K
purple
7
107
±0,1%
± 5 * 10-6/K
grey
8
108
-
± 1 * 10-6/K
white
9
109
-
-
silver
-
10-2
±10%
-
-
-1
±5%
-
gold
10
7
363
Anhang - Designation of resistors and capacitors
Value designation by characters
(DIN 1301/12.93, EN 60 062/10.94)
7
Character
y
z
a
f
p
n
µ
m
c
d
R,F
da
h
k
M
G
T
P
E
Z
Y
364
Name
yocto
zepto
atto
femto
pico
nano
micro
milli
centi
deci
deca
hecto
kilo
mega
giga
tera
peta
exa
zetta
yotta
Multiplier
10-24
10-21
10-18
10-15
10-12
10-9
10-6
10-3
10-2
10-1
100
101
102
103
106
109
1012
1015
1018
1021
1024
Tolerance designation by characters
(EN 60 062/10.94)
Tolerances
Tolerance
Character
Symmetric tolerance:
±0,1%
B
±0,25%
C
±0,5%
D
±1%
F
±2%
G
±5%
J
±10%
K
±20%
M
±30%
N
Asymmetric tolerance:
+30...-10%
Q
+50...-10%
T
+50...-20%
S
+80...-20%
Z
7
Symmetric tolerance for capacitor values < 10pF:
±0,1 pF
B
±0,25pF
C
±0,5pF
D
±1pF
F
365
Position of color codes on resistors:
7
366
Medium step size of resistor-growth between values:
E3
+115%
E6
+47,8%
E12
+21,2%
E24
E48
E96
E192
+10,07% +4,914% +2,428% +1,206%
Normed series of resistor values
E3
100
E6
±20%
100
E12
±10%
100
E24
±5%
100
E48
±2%
100
E96
±1%
100
102
105
105
107
110
110
110
113
115
115
118
120
120
121
121
124
127
130
127
130
133
133
E192
±0,5%
100
101
102
104
105
106
107
109
110
111
113
114
115
117
118
120
121
123
124
126
127
129
130
132
133
367
7
E3
E6
±20%
E12
±10%
E24
±5%
E48
±2%
E96
±1%
137
140
140
143
147
150
150
150
147
150
154
154
158
160
162
162
165
7
169
169
174
178
180
178
180
182
187
187
191
196
368
196
E192
±0,5%
135
137
138
140
142
143
145
147
149
150
152
154
156
158
160
162
164
165
167
169
172
174
176
178
180
182
184
187
189
191
193
196
E3
E6
±20%
E12
±10%
E24
±5%
E48
±2%
200
E96
±1%
200
205
205
210
215
220
220
220
220
215
221
226
226
232
237
237
240
243
249
249
255
261
261
267
270
270
274
274
280
287
287
E192
±0,5%
198
200
203
205
208
210
213
215
218
221
223
226
229
232
234
237
240
243
246
249
252
255
258
261
264
267
271
274
277
280
284
287
369
7
E3
E6
±20%
E12
±10%
E24
±5%
E48
±2%
E96
±1%
294
300
301
301
309
316
316
324
330
330
330
332
332
340
348
348
357
360
7
365
365
374
383
390
290
383
392
402
402
412
422
370
422
E192
±0,5%
291
294
298
301
305
309
312
316
320
324
328
332
336
340
344
348
352
357
361
365
370
374
379
383
388
392
397
402
407
412
417
422
E3
E6
±20%
E12
±10%
E24
±5%
E48
±2%
430
E96
±1%
432
442
442
453
464
470
470
470
464
470
475
487
487
499
510
511
511
523
536
536
549
560
560
562
562
576
590
590
604
620
619
619
E192
±0,5%
427
432
437
442
448
453
459
464
470
475
481
487
493
499
505
511
517
523
530
536
542
549
556
562
569
576
583
590
597
604
612
619
371
7
E3
E6
±20%
E12
±10%
E24
±5%
E48
±2%
E96
±1%
634
649
649
665
680
680
680
681
681
698
715
715
732
750
750
750
768
7
787
787
806
820
820
825
825
845
866
866
887
910
372
909
909
E192
±0,5%
626
634
642
649
657
665
673
681
690
698
706
715
723
732
741
750
759
768
777
787
796
806
816
825
835
845
856
866
876
887
898
909
E3
E6
±20%
E12
±10%
E24
±5%
E48
±2%
E96
±1%
931
953
953
976
E192
±0,5%
920
931
942
953
965
976
998
7
373
Empty Page
7
374
Appendix - BASIC-Tiger® module A – Pin description
BASIC-Tiger® module A – Pin description
Overview of I/O pin-usage of the most important device drivers. Several functions are
fixed to the appropriate pin (PWM, PLSO1, PLSIN1), others are only standard
assignment, but can be redirected to other pins (LCD, Strobe, Busy):
Function
Pin desc. Pin no.
Pin no Pin desc.
res. 1
46 VCC
D0
L60 2
45 Batt.
D1
L61 3
44 AGND
D2
L62 4
43 Vref
D3
L63 5
42 An3
D4
L64 6
41 An2
D5
L65 7
40 An1
D6
L66 8
39 An0
D7
L67 9
38 Alarm
Busy
L70 10
37 L41/PC
Strobe
L71 11
36 L40
PWM0
L72 12
35 L42
Beep
PWM1
L73 13
34 L37
LCD1-RS
LCD-WR
L80 14
33 L36
LCD1-E
LCD-RD
L81 15
32 L35
INE
LCD-CE
L82 16
31 L34
Dclk
LCD-CD
L83 17
30 L33
Aclk
PLSIN1
L84 18
29 L95
RTS
L85 19
28 L94
Rx1
L86 20
27 L93
Tx1
L87 21
26 L92
CT0
Reset-in 22
25 L91
Rx0
GND 23
24 L90
Tx0
PLSO1
Function
375
7
Anhang - BASIC-Tiger® module A – Pin description
Empty Page
7
376
Appendix - BASIC-Tiger® module A – Pin description
Blank table BASIC-Tiger®-Module A as copy pattern. Project:
Function
Pin
desc.
Pin
no
Pin
no
Pin
desc.
res.
1
46
VCC
L60
2
45
Batt.
L61
3
44
AGND
L62
4
43
Vref
L63
5
42
An3
L64
6
41
An2
L65
7
40
An1
L66
8
39
An0
L67
9
38
Alarm
L70
10
37
L41/PC
L71
11
36
L40
L72
12
35
L42
L73
13
34
L37
L80
14
33
L36
L81
15
32
L35
L82
16
31
L34
L83
17
30
L33
L84
18
29
L95
L85
19
28
L94
L86
20
27
L93
L87
21
26
L92
Reset-in
22
25
L91
GND
23
24
L90
Function
7
377
Anhang - BASIC-Tiger® module A – Pin description
Empty Page
7
378
Appendix - TINY-Tiger® – Pin description
TINY-Tiger® – Pin description
Function
Pin desc. Pin no
Pin no Pin desc.
D0
L60 1
44 VCC
D1
L61 2
43 Batt.
D2
L62 3
42 Vref
D3
L63 4
41 AGND
D4
L64 5
40 An3
D5
L65 6
39 An2
D6
L66 7
38 An1
D7
L67 8
37 An0
Busy
L70 9
36 L41/PC
Strobe
L71 10
35 res.
PWM0
L72 11
34 Alarm
PWM1
L73 12
33 L37
LCD1-RS
LCD-WR
L80 13
32 L36
LCD1-E
LCD-RD
L81 14
31 L35
INE
LCD-CE
L82 15
30 L34
Dclk
LCD-CD
L83 16
29 L33
Aclk
PLSIN1
L84 17
28 L95
RTS
L85 18
27 L94
Rx1
L86 19
26 L93
Tx1
L87 20
25 L92
CT0
Reset-in 21
24 L91
Rx0
GND 22
23 L90
Tx0
PLSO1
Function
379
7
Anhang - TINY-Tiger® – Pin description
Empty Page
7
380
Appendix - TINY-Tiger® – Pin description
Blank table TINY-Tiger® as copy pattern. Project:
Function
Pindesc.
PinNr
PinNr
PinBez.
L60
1
44
VCC
L61
2
43
Batt.
L62
3
42
Vref
L63
4
41
AGND
L64
5
40
An3
L65
6
39
An2
L66
7
38
An1
L67
8
37
An0
L70
9
36
L41/PC
L71
10
35
res.
L72
11
34
Alarm
L73
12
33
L37
L80
13
32
L36
L81
14
31
L35
L82
15
30
L34
L83
16
29
L33
L84
17
28
L95
L85
18
27
L94
L86
19
26
L93
L87
20
25
L92
Reset-in
21
24
L91
GND
22
23
L90
Funktion
7
381
Anhang - TINY-Tiger® – Pin description
Empty Page
7
382
Appendix - TINY-Tiger® Modul E – Pin description
TINY-Tiger® Modul E – Pin description
Function
Pin
desc.
Pin
no
Pin
no
Pin
desc.
Function
D0
L60
1
28
VCC
D1
L61
2
27
L37
D2
L62
3
26
L36/An3
LCD1-E
D3
L63
4
25
L35/An2
INE
D4
L64
5
24
L34/An1
Dclk
D5
L65
6
23
L33/An0
Aclk
D6
L66
7
22
L41/PC
D7
L67
8
21
L85
LCD-WR
L80
9
20
Reset-in
LCD-RD
L81
10
19
L94
Rx1
LCD-CE
L82
11
18
L93
Tx1
LCD-CD
L83
12
17
L92/L86
CT0/PLSO1
PLSIN1
L84
13
16
L91/L87
Rx0
GND
14
15
L90
Tx0
LCD1-RS
7
383
Anhang - TINY-Tiger® Modul E – Pin description
Empty Page
7
384
Appendix - TINY-Tiger® Modul E – Pin description
Blank table TINY-Tiger® Module E as copy pattern. Project:
Function
Pin
desc.
Pin
no
Pin
no
Pin
desc.
L60
1
28
VCC
L61
2
27
L37
L62
3
26
L36/An3
L63
4
25
L35/An2
L64
5
24
L34/An1
L65
6
23
L33/An0
L66
7
22
L41/PC
L67
8
21
L85
L80
9
20
Reset-in
L81
10
19
L94
L82
11
18
L93
L83
12
17
L92/L86
L84
13
16
L91/L87
GND
14
15
L90
Function
7
385
Anhang - TINY-Tiger® Modul E – Pin description
Empty Page
7
386
Appendix - BASIC-Tiger® CAN module – Pin description
BASIC-Tiger® CAN module – Pin description
assignment, but can be redirected to other pins (LCD, Strobe, Busy). The B-Row is
not listed, as most pins are unused and the used pins don’t allow variable functions:
Function
Pin no
Pin-no
res.
1
46
VCC
D0
L60
2
45
Batt.
D1
L61
3
44
AGND
D2
L62
4
43
Vref
D3
L63
5
42
An3
D4
L64
6
41
An2
D5
L65
7
40
An1
D6
L66
8
39
An0
D7
L67
9
38
Alarm
Busy
L70
10
37
L41/PC
Strobe
L71
11
36
L40
PWM0
L72
12
35
L42
Beep
PWM1
L73
13
34
L37
LCD1-RS
LCD-WR
L80
14
33
L36
LCD1-E
LCD-RD
L81
15
32
L35
INE
LCD-CE
L82
16
31
L34
Dclk
LCD-CD
L83
17
30
L33
Aclk
PLSIN1
L84
18
29
L95
RTS
L85
19
28
L94
Rx1
L86
20
27
L93
Tx1
21
26
L92
CT0
Reset-in
22
25
L91
Rx0
GND
23
24
L90
Tx0
PLSO1
Pin desc.
Pin desc.
Function
387
7
Anhang - BASIC-Tiger® CAN module – Pin description
Empty Page
7
388
Blank table BASIC-Tiger® CAN module as copy pattern.
The B-Row is not listed, as most pins are unused and the used pins don’t allow
variable functions. Project:
Function
Pin
desc.
Pin
no
Pin
no
Pin
desc.
res.
1
46
VCC
L60
2
45
Batt.
L61
3
44
AGND
L62
4
43
Vref
L63
5
42
An3
L64
6
41
An2
L65
7
40
An1
L66
8
39
An0
L67
9
38
Alarm
L70
10
37
L41/PC
L71
11
36
L40
L72
12
35
L42
L73
13
34
L37
L80
14
33
L36
L81
15
32
L35
L82
16
31
L34
L83
17
30
L33
L84
18
29
L95
L85
19
28
L94
L86
20
27
L93
21
26
L92
Reset-in
22
25
L91
GND
23
24
L90
Function
7
389
Anhang - BASIC-Tiger® CAN module – Pin description
7
390
7
391

BASIC TIGER Installation Hardware Manual

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