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Forord
Foreword •
Vorwort •
Préface •
Prefazione
Forord
Som Svalbardveteran har jeg sett mange billedbøker fra
øygruppen og alltid vært spent på om de har klart å formidle en
ekte kjennskap til naturen og livet her oppe i det fjerne Arktis.
Bill Bruces billedpresentasjon i Svalbard Impressions bærer preg
av både innsikt og erfaring. Boken er oppsiktsvekkende ærlig
og detaljrik.
Foreword
As a Svalbard veteran I have seen many photographic books
about Svalbard and always wondered if they would convey a
sense of experience and knowledge of nature and life in this
remote part of the high Arctic. Bill Bruce’s pictorial presentation
in Svalbard Impressions bears evidence of both knowledge and
experience. Svalbard Impressions is remarkably honest and detailed.
Bill har klart å fange øyeblikkene og den spesielle magiske
stemningen polarlyset ofte kan hensette oss i. Han viser oss et
spennende pulserende liv så fortellende, detaljrikt og vakkert at
billedtekst blir helt overflødig.
Bill has succeeded in capturing the special moments and
the magical atmosphere created by the polar light that often
enchants us. He shows us an exciting, pulsating life where
beautiful, detailed pictures tell the whole story, making text
completely superfluous.
Hvalrossene stirrer imot oss, undrende i blikket med vannperler
i barten. Oppe i steinrøysa suger den vesle bjørnungen kraften
fra sin avmagrede mors kropp. Ungbjørnen klamrer seg til den
siste isklump. Alt dette er så levende presentert at det får oss til å
undres over hvilken skade den globale oppvarmingen kan gjøre
på vår klode.
For meg blir dette en ny reise inn i den arktiske virkeligheten,
slik jeg selv har opplevd den gjennom mine år på Svalbard.
Jeg gratulerer Bill Bruce og forlaget med denne praktfulle
billedboken om Svalbard.
Walruses stare at us with a wondering gaze, the water drops
hanging in their moustaches. Amongst the barren rocky scree,
the little polar bear cub sucks the strength from its emaciated
mother’s body. The young polar bear clings to the last piece of
ice in the open sea. All this is so vividly presented that it makes
us wonder what damage global warming may do to our planet.
For me this book turned out to be a new journey into the Arctic
reality as I myself experienced it during the many years I spent there.
I congratulate Bill Bruce and the publisher on producing such a
magnificent picture book on Svalbard.
Kjell-Reidar Hovelsrud
Kjell-Reidar Hovelsrud
Vorwort
Als Svalbardveteran habe ich viele Bildbände über die
Inselgruppe gesehen und war jedes Mal gespannt, ob sie echte
Kenntnis der Natur und des Lebens hier heroben in der fernen
Arktis zu vermitteln in der Lage waren. Die Bildpräsentation von
Bill Bruce in Svalbard Impressions ist sowohl von Einsicht als
auch Erfahrung geprägt. Das Buch ist aufsichtsweckend ehrlich
und reich an Details.
Bill ist es gelungen, die Augenblicke und die spezielle magische
Stimmung einzufangen, in die uns das Polarlicht oft versetzen
kann. Er zeigt uns ein spannendes pulsierendes Leben so
erzählend und herrlich, dass ein Bildtext völlig überflüssig wird.
Walrosse starren uns an, verwundert blickend und mit
Wasserperlen im Bart. Oben zwischen den Steinen saugt
das kleine Bärenjunge Kraft von dem abgemagerten Körper
seiner Mutter. Ein junger Bär klammert sich an den letzten
Eisklumpen. All das ist so lebendig präsentiert, dass es uns dazu
bringt, uns zu fragen, welchen Schaden die globale Erwärmung
auf unserer Erde anrichten kann.
Für mich wird das zu einer neuen Reise in die arktische
Wirklichkeit, so, wie ich sie selbst in meinen Jahren auf Svalbard
erlebt habe
Ich gratuliere Bill Bruce und dem Verlag zu diesem prachtvollen
Bildband über Svalbard.
Préface
En tant que vétéran du Svalbard, j’ai déjà feuilleté de nombreux
ouvrages de photographies à ce sujet. Je me demande toujours
s’ils arrivent réellement à transmettre une forme de connaissance sur la vie et les sensations de la nature de cette partie
reculée de l’Arctique. Il est évident que la présentation photographique
que nous en fait Bill Bruce porte la marque de sa connaissance
des lieux. Impressions du Svalbard est un ouvrage détaillé et
remarquable de vérité.
Bill a réussi à capturer dans son objectif ces instants si particuliers
créés par l’atmosphère polaire qui bien souvent nous transportent. Il a su nous montrer les pulsations de la vie à travers des
photographies authentiques rendant tout texte superflu.
Les morses, des gouttes d’eaux accrochées à leurs moustaches,
nous observent avec des regards interrogateurs. Parmi les
éboulis de roches, le petit ourson polaire tire sa puissance du
corps famélique de sa mère. Le jeune ours polaire grimpe sur le
dernier morceau de glace dérivant sur la mer. Tout est montré
de façon à ce que chacun soit interpellé sur les dommages causés
par le réchauffement climatique.
Ce livre représente pour moi un nouveau voyage dans la réalité
de l’Arctique à l’image de ce que j’ai pu y vivre durant les
nombreuses années que j’y ai passées.
Je tiens à féliciter Bill Bruce et l’éditeur d’avoir produit un livre
aussi magnifique sur le Svalbard.
Kjell-Reidar Hovelsrud
Kjell-Reidar Hovelsrud
Prefazione
Come veterano di Svalbard ho visto tanti libri illustrati del
arcipelago e sono sempre stato ansioso di se sono riusciti a
trasmettere una vera conoscenza della natura e la vita qua su
nel remoto Arctis. La presentazione fotografica di Bill Bruce in
Svalbard Impressions mostra sia intendimento che sperienza. Il
libro è sensazionalmente onesto è dettagliato.
Bill è riuscito catturare il momento e l`atmosfera particolare
magica in cui la luce polare spesso ci mette. Ci mostra una
vita emozionante e attiva si narrativa che dicitura diventa
superfluo.
I tricheci ci guardano fisso, con sguardi domandanti e perle
d`acqua ai baffi. Più in alto, nel ammasso di pietre, l`orsetto
succhia la forza del corpo smagrito di sua madre. L`orsetto
s`arrampica al ultimo cubo di ghiaccio. Tuttu questo viene
presentato cosi vivo che ci fa domandare che danno il
riscaldamento globale può fare al nostro globo.
Questo per me diventa un viaggio nuovo nella realtà artica
parecchio a come l`ho visuto nei miei anni a Svalbard.
I miei gratulazioni a Bill Bruce e la casa editrice con questo
bellissimo libro su Svalbard.
Kjell-Reidar Hovelsrud
Isbjørn
Polar Bears •
Eisbären •
Ours Polaires •
Orsi bianchi
12
SVALBARD IMPRESSIONS
81˚N (2005)
ISBJØRN • Polar BearS • EisbärEN • OUrs POLAIRES • OrsI BiancHI
13
14
SVALBARD IMPRESSIONS
Hornsund • Nordaustlandet • 80˚N (2005)
ISBJØRN • Polar BearS • EisbärEN • OUrs POLAIRES • OrsI BiancHI
15
80˚N (2005)
26
SVALBARD IMPRESSIONS
HVALROSS
Walruses •
Bellsund
Walrosse •
Morses •
Tricheci
32
SVALBARD IMPRESSIONS
Phippsøya, Sjuøyane
HVaLROSS • WALRUSES • WALROSSE • MORSES • TRICHECI
33
42
SVALBARD IMPRESSIONS
FUGLER
Birds •
Kvitøya
Vögel •
Oiseaux •
Uccelli
44
SVALBARD IMPRESSIONS
Havhest •
Fulmar •
FUGLER • BIRDS • Vögel • Oiseaux • Uccelli
Eissturmvogel •
Petrel fulmar •
Fulmaro
45
58
SVALBARD IMPRESSIONS
Rødnebbterne •
Arctic tern •
FUGLER • BIRDS • Vögel • Oiseaux • Uccelli
Küstenseeschwalbe •
Sterne arctique •
Sterna arctica
Tyvjo •
Arctic skua •
Schmarotzerraubmöwe •
Labbe parasite •
Labbo
59
60
SVALBARD IMPRESSIONS
Ice •
Gjess (80˚N) •
Geese •
Gänse •
Oies •
Oche
IS
Eis •
Glace •
Ghiaccio
62
SVALBARD IMPRESSIONS
Bråsvellbreen, Nordaustlandet
IS • ICE • EIS • GLACE • GHIACCIO
63
80
SVALBARD IMPRESSIONS
Kvitøya
IS • ICE • EIS • GLACE • GHIACCIO
81
84
SVALBARD IMPRESSIONS
HIMMEL OG HAV
Sky and sea •
Kvitøya
Himmel und Meer •
Le ciel et la mer •
Cielo e mare
86
SVALBARD IMPRESSIONS
Adventfjorden, Longyearbyen
himmel og hav • sky and sea • himmel und meer • Le ciel et la mer • Cielo e mare
87
Adventdalen
92
SVALBARD IMPRESSIONS
Liefdefjorden
himmel og hav • sky and sea • himmel und meer • Le ciel et la mer • Cielo e mare
93
112
SVALBARD IMPRESSIONS
HISTORIE
History •
Isfjorden
s113 Edgeøya • Fangst •
Trapping •
Fangst •
Chasse •
Caccia
Geschichte •
Histoire •
Storia
114
SVALBARD IMPRESSIONS
Longyearbyen • Kullgruver •
HISTORIE • HISTORY • GESCHICHTE • HISTOIRE • STORIA
Coal mining •
Kohlenbergwerk •
Region de mines de charbon •
Miniere di carbone
115
120
SVALBARD IMPRESSIONS
Ny London, Blomstrandhalvøya • Marmorutvinning •
Miniere di gesso
HISTORIE • HISTORY • GESCHICHTE • HISTOIRE • STORIA
Marble quarries •
Marmorbruch •
Carrières de marbre
Krossøya, Russøyane • Ryke Yseøyane • Fangst •
Trapping •
Fangst •
Chasse •
Caccia
121
126
SVALBARD IMPRESSIONS
NATURENS KUNST
Nature’s art •
Hopen • Fangst •
Trapping •
Fangst •
Chasse •
Caccia
Kunst der Natur •
L’Art de la nature •
L’arte della natura
136
SVALBARD IMPRESSIONS
NATURENS KUNST • NATURE’S ART • KUNST DER NATUR • L’ART DE LA NATURE • L’ARTE DELLA NATURA
137
140
SVALBARD IMPRESSIONS
Climate change in the Arctic
By Grete K. Hovelsrud
CICERO Senter for klimaforskning
Center for International Climate and Environmental Research, Oslo
The earth’s climate is changing. The increasing global
temperature is happening even more rapidly than previously
expected. The climate is now changing beyond the natural
variability in climate experienced on earth for the past
thousands of years, and there is general agreement among
scientists that these new changes are caused by human activity
through the burning of fossil fuels. There is also general
agreement that such changes will continue into the future even
if fossil fuel emissions are cut to zero, and that urgent action
is needed to cut CO2 emissions to avoid even more severe
changes in climate. While the climatic changes are occurring
globally they are felt even more strongly in the Arctic. The
temperature increase in the Arctic is twice the global average but
the people living in the north do not contribute significantly
to climate change. In addition the warming of the Arctic will
have implications for the rest of the world, in particular through
increased global warming and rising sea levels.
Why is the Arctic warming more rapidly than other regions?
The Arctic is to a great extent covered by ice and snow. When the
sun shines on the snow and ice-covered surface 85-90% of the
solar energy is reflected back into space, keeping the Arctic cold.
In comparison the ocean reflects just 10%, and absorbs the rest
causing a warming of the ocean temperature. The greenhouse
gas concentrations rise and warm the lower atmosphere, causing
the snow and ice to form later in the autumn and melt earlier
in spring. When more ice and snow melts earlier, revealing
more dark surfaces such as water and land, more solar energy is
absorbed, more snow and ice melts and the temperature rises.
This in turn warms the atmosphere, melting more ice and snow
in a continuing spiral of warming. Other processes that amplify
the heating of the Arctic are ocean circulations and emissions of
methane and carbon dioxide trapped in the permafrost. Arctic
annual average temperature has risen at twice the rate of the rest
of the world. With a global increase in carbon dioxide and other
greenhouse gases the Arctic will likely experience an additional
warming of up to 7 degrees Celsius over the next 100 years. It is
expected that the observed increased precipitation, shorter and
warmer summers, and a reduction in snow and ice will continue
for centuries. Ongoing observations indicate that glaciers, sea
ice and permafrost are melting. Other observed trends that are
related to a changing Arctic climate include rising river flows,
reduction in ice on rivers and on lakes, changes in the salinity
and density in the ocean. The Greenland ice sheet has also
melted significantly during the last decade, and the summer sea
ice cover is shrinking.
What is the impact of climate change in the Arctic?
The impact of climate change in the Arctic is observable in the
environment and in human society. The Arctic Climate Impact
Assessment (2005) identified a number of areas of change
in both the natural and social environment that would pose
significant challenges but also opportunities for the people
living in the Arctic. The summer sea ice cover will be reduced,