The USGA Handicap System

Transcription

The USGA Handicap
System
Women’s Southern California Golf Association
Handicap Certification Seminar
Seminar Introduction:
• Welcome!
•USGA Handicap System
• Questions at the end of each
Section
•Lunch Break
• Wrap up and Quiz
| “Introduction”
Handicap Publications
“The USGA Handicap System”
The USGA Handicap System Reference
Guide
The Handicap Chairman Information Kit
To order, visit:
www.usga.org > Shop
USGA Handicap System Licensing
Program for Clubs
Handicapping & Course Rating
license agreements are with
authorized golf associations
(WSCGA).
Ensures that USGA Handicap
System policies are uniformly and
correctly followed.
Golf associations must renew all
member club license agreements by
12/31/15, which includes each
member club’s club representative
attending a Handicap Seminar and
demonstrating knowledge regarding
the System.
Associations may conduct their own
Handicap Seminars.
USGA Handicap System Licensing
Program For Clubs
The program started January 1, 2005. All
licensed clubs have until Dec. 31, 2015 to
renew their license agreements.
If golf club is a member club of the authorized
golf association in its area, then it must sign a
license agreement with the authorized golf
association.
Any independent golf club that is not part of
an authorized golf association and wishes to
utilize any aspect of the USGA Handicap
System method must be licensed directly
through the USGA.
See Club Compliance Checklist.
CLUB COMPLIANCE CHECKLIST
• Meet definition of golf club
• Have a Handicap Committee
• Insist that the principles of
the Rules of Golf be
followed
• Ensure all acceptable scores
are posted and adjusted
correctly
• 13 other items, page 50,
USGA Handicap Manual
Section 1
COVER HEADLINE
GOES
HERE and Requirements
Purpose
TYPE SIZE 36
Presenter’s name: type size 18
Date: type size 18
SECTION 1-1 PURPOSE
Purpose
The purpose of the USGA Handicap
System is to make the game of golf
more enjoyable by enabling golfers
of differing abilities to compete on
an equitable basis.
| “Section 1-1”
Basic Premises
Two basic premises underlie the
USGA Handicap System, namely
that every player will try to make the
best score at every hole in every
round, regardless of where the
round is played, and that the player
will post every acceptable round for
peer review.
| “Section 1-1”
Handicap Myths
• The USGA issues
handicap indexes
• Always post your gross
score, especially
Tournament scores
• If you cannot
remember your current
index, guess.
• Play to your current
index, not your course
handicap
• If there’s no women’s
rating, post to the
men’s rating
• You cannot play to a
course handicap > 40.4
Handicap Index
A Handicap Index, issued by a golf
club or authorized golf association
(through its member clubs),
indicates a player’s skill and is a
number taken to one decimal place,
e.g., 9.2. A Handicap Index is issued
only to individuals who are
members of a golf club.
| “Section 1-1”
Handicap Index
A Handicap Index compares a
player’s scoring ability to the scoring
ability of a scratch golfer on a
course of standard difficulty.
| “Section 1-1”
It reflects the player’s potential
because it is based upon the best
scores posted for a given number of
rounds, ideally the best 10 of the
last 20 rounds.
SECTION 1-2
AUTHORIZATION AND
LICENSING
Authorization and Licensing
Policies of golf clubs and golf associations issuing a Handicap Index
must be consistent with “The Rules of Golf” and “The USGA Handicap
System.”
An essential element is the requirement that each golf club must have a
Handicap Committee to ensure the integrity of the USGA Handicap System.
If a golf club or golf association does not follow all of the procedures of “The
USGA Handicap System,” it is not permitted to use any part of the System or to
refer to any handicap that it issues or certifies as a “Handicap Index,” “Short
Course Handicap,” or a handicap authorized by the USGA.
| “Section 1-2”
Section 2
Definitions
Section 2
Definitions
Section 2
Definitions
Presenter’s name: USGA Handicap Department
Date: 10-5-2011
U.S. Amateur
August 22-28, 2011
Erin Hills
Erin, Wisconsin
Authorized Golf Association
An “authorized golf association” is a not-for-profit entity
that is recognized as having exempt status under Section
501 (c) of the United States Internal Revenue Code and has
been licensed by the USGA to utilize the USGA Handicap
System and/or the USGA Course Rating System within a
certain state or region. It is an organization comprised of
golf clubs or golfers, operated under bylaws, and in
existence for the purpose of supporting USGA core
programs and services for amateur golfers, and otherwise
promoting the best interests and preserving the true spirit
of the game of golf. See minimum requirements to be
licensed by the USGA in the United States as an
authorized golf association, which can be viewed on the
USGA website at www.usga.org.
| “Section 2”
Golf Club
• Organization of at least ten individual members*
• Operates under bylaws with committees (e.g., Handicap
Committee)
• Supervise golf activities
• Provide peer review
• Maintain the integrity of the USGA Handicap System
Note: Within the context of the USGA Handicap System, a member is
defined as one who is affiliated with a licensed golf club for the
purposes of obtaining a Handicap Index.
| “Section 2”
Golf Club
• Must be licensed to utilize the USGA Handicap System
Obtain a license agreement directly from the USGA
Through its membership in an authorized golf association that is
already licensed by the USGA
• Must have a reasonable and regular opportunity to golf with each other
• Must be able to return scores personally
• Scores must be readily available for inspection by others
| “Section 2”
TYPE 1 GOLF CLUB
It is located at a single specific
golf course with a valid USGA
Course Rating™ and Slope
Rating® where a majority of the
club’s events are played and the
club’s scoring records reside.
| “Section 2”
TYPE 2 GOLF CLUB
Its members are affiliated or known
to one another via a business,
fraternal, ethnic, or social
organization. The majority of the
club members had an affiliation prior
to organizing the club.
| “Section 2”
TYPE 3 GOLF CLUB
The members had no prior affiliation
and a majority of the recruiting and
sign-up of the membership is done
by solicitation to the general public
(e.g., Internet, newspaper).
| “Section 2”
GROSS SCORE
A gross score is the number of
actual strokes plus any penalty
strokes taken by a player. (See
adjusted gross score.)
| “Section 2”
HANDICAP COMMITTEE
A Handicap Committee is the
committee of a golf club that
ensures compliance with the USGA
Handicap System, including peer
review.
A majority of the Handicap
Committee, including the Handicap
Chairperson, must be members of
the club; club employees may serve
on the Handicap Committee, but an
employee may not serve as
Handicap Chairperson.
| “Section 2”
HANDICAP TYPE
Throughout this manual, different types of handicaps are identified by letter
designations. Each "handicap type" is identified as follows:
L=
M=
N=
NL =
R=
Local handicap
Modified Handicap Index
Nine-hole Handicap Index
Local nine-hole handicap
Automatically reduced Handicap Index for exceptional
tournament performance
WD = Handicap Index withdrawn by the Handicap Committee
SL = Short Course Handicap
| “Section 2”
e.g., 38.3L
e.g., 10.2M
e.g., 6.7N
e.g., 21.5NL
e.g., 21.2R
PEER REVIEW
“Peer review” is the ability of golfers to gain
an understanding of a player’s potential
ability and to form a reasonable basis
for supporting or disputing a score that
has been posted.
There are two essential elements of peer
review:
1. Members of a golf club must have a
reasonable and regular opportunity to
play together (see Decision 2/8).
2. Access must be provided to scoring
records, as well as to a Handicap Index
list, for inspection by others, including,
but not limited to, fellow club members.
There are two (2) forms of scoring
record display:
| “Section 2”
PEER REVIEW
1) General – A General
scoring record must
provide the six most
recent revisions of the
player’s Handicap Index,
along with scores, score
types, ratings,
differentials, and dates
(month and year only)
relating to the most recent
handicap revision. This
must be made available to
those involved in peer
review.
| “Section 2”
PEER REVIEW
2) Complete – A Complete
scoring record must display the
six most recent revisions of the
player’s Handicap Index, along
with scores*, score types, ratings,
differentials, and dates (month,
day, and year) relating to the most
recent handicap revision. This
must be made available to fellow
club members, the club Handicap
Committee, and competition
officials of any competition in
which the player is going to
participate.
*The course name for each score
should appear in any "Complete"
scoring record display, and must
be included for a Type 3 club.
| “Section 2”
SCORE TYPE
The score type indicates specific
aspects of a score within a player’s
scoring record and should be
designated in the following manner:
The designated letter must follow
the score if the score type is an
Internet or tournament score.
| “Section 2”
I = Internet
P = Penalty
T = Tournament
TI = Tournament Internet
C = Combined Nines
AI = Away Internet
A = Away
MEMBERSHIP TYPES vs. INDEX
TYPES
Membership Types
•
•
•
•
R - Regular
J - Junior
H - Handicap
M - Multi (System
Generated)
Index Type
• 18-Hole Index
• 9-Hole Index
Tournament Score
• Made in a competition
organized & conducted
by a Committee
• Played under the
principles of the Rules
of Golf
• Winners identified
based on a stipulated
round(s)
USGA COURSE RATING
USGA Course Rating is the
USGA’s mark that indicates
the evaluation of the playing
difficulty of a course for
scratch golfers under normal
course and weather
conditions. It is expressed as
strokes taken to one decimal
place, and is based on
yardage and other obstacles
to the extent that they affect
the scoring ability of a
scratch golfer.
Example: 71.6
| “Section 2”
BOGEY RATING
Bogey Rating is the evaluation of
the playing difficulty of a course
for the bogey golfer under
normal course and weather
conditions. It is based on
yardage, effective playing length
and other obstacles to the extent
that they affect the scoring ability
of the bogey golfer.
Example: 103.9
| “Section 2”
SLOPE RATING
Slope Rating is defined as the
USGA’s mark that indicates the
measurement of the relative
difficulty of a course for players who
are not scratch golfers compared to
the Course Rating (i.e. compared to
the difficulty of a course for scratch
golfers).
| “Section 2”
Slope Rating is computed from the
difference between the Bogey
Rating and the Course Rating. The
lowest Slope Rating is 55 and the
highest is 155. A golf course of
standard playing difficulty has a
Slope Rating of 113
TREND HANDICAP
A “trend handicap” is an
estimate of a handicap. It may
include un-reviewed scores
posted since the previous
revision. The trend is not a
Handicap Index. (See local
handicap.) A Trend Handicap
must be identified by the letter
“L” to indicate it is a
local handicap.
| “Section 2”
Page #
Section 3
“THE USGA The
HANDICAP
PlayerSYSTEM”
“SECTION 3-3 AND 3-5”
Tee it Forward !
USGA Handicap Department
SECTION 3-1
OBTAINING A HANDICAP INDEX
Obtaining a Handicap Index
In order to obtain a
Handicap Index, a
player must join a
licensed golf club and
post adjusted gross
scores.
These scores are
subject to peer review.
After at least five scores
have been posted, the
club will issue a
Handicap Index to the
player in accordance
with the USGA
Handicap System.
| “Section 3-1”
SECTION 3-2
USING A HANDICAP INDEX
Using a Handicap Index
A player is responsible for
knowing the Handicap Index
issued to the player at the
most recent revision.
A player must convert a
Handicap Index to a
Course Handicap.
| “Section 3-2”
SECTION 3-3
COURSE HANDICAP
COURSE HANDICAP
A Course Handicap is the (rounded)
number of handicap strokes in relation
to the USGA Course Rating (i.e.
scratch golfer) of the tees being played.
EXAMPLE:
The Course Handicap is determined by
using some simple math:
15.2 x 147 = 2234.4
2234.4 / 113 = 19.77
19.7 rounds to 20
CH = HI X Slope Rating / 113;
(Round to the nearest whole number)
| “Section 3-3”
Handicap Index 15.2
Slope Rating 147
TARGET SCORE
A player who has a net score
that is equal to the
USGA Course Rating for the
tees played "has played
to their handicap." Players will
only play to their handicap
about 25% of the time. This is
called
a target score.
| “Section 3-3”
Target Score = CR + CH
EXAMPLE:
Target Score = 72.8 + 20
Target Score = 93
Average Score = 95-97
COURSE HANDICAP
Slope Rating= 125
Index Range
For example, a Handicap Index
Of 15.2 would convert to a
Course Handicap of 17 at a course
with a Slope Rating of 125.
EXAMPLE:
Target Score = 87
| “Section 3-3”
Course Handicap
COURSE HANDICAP
Slope Rating= 147
The same Handicap Index of 15.2
converts to a Course Handicap of
20 at a course with a Slope Rating
of147.
EXAMPLE:
Target Score = 93
| “Section 3-3”
Index Range
Course Handicap
SECTION 3-4
MAXIMUM HANDICAP INDEX
Maximum Handicap Index
The maximum Handicap Index
is 36.4 for men and 40.4 men.
| “Section 3-4”
Using a Handicap Index
Note: A maximum Handicap
Index will convert to a Course
Handicap that exceeds these
numbers on golf courses with a
Slope Rating greater than 113.
Example: A woman player with
a Handicap Index of 38.1 will
have a Course Handicap of 49
on a course with a Slope
Rating of 146.
| “Section 3-4”
Maximum Handicap Index
A player may have a local
handicap above these limits,
but it must be identified as a
local handicap by the letter "L"
following the number on a
handicap card or report (e.g.,
37.5L).
When such a local handicap is
used for inter-club play, the
USGA recommends that it be
reduced to the maximum
Handicap Index specified
previously.
| “Section 3-4”
1/1/2012
SECTION 3-5
PLAYERS COMPETING FROM A
DIFFERENT USGA COURSE RATING
COMPETING FROM A DIFFERENT USGA
COURSE RATING (TEES)
When players compete from
different tees an adjustment has
to be made to equalize the
“courses.”
This doesn’t
seem fair!
| “Section 3-5”
I’m sticking with
my gold tees
SECTION 3-5 EXAMPLE
Warren White and Gary Gold each
have a Handicap Index of 15.2.
Warren plays from the White Tees
which have a Course/Slope Rating
of 72.8/147. Warren’s Course
Handicap is 20.
Gary plays the Gold Tees which
have a Course/Slope Rating of
70.1/125. Gary’s Course Handicap
is 17.
| “Section 3-5”
What do they need to shoot to “play to
their handicap?”
Hint: Target Score
Target Score (Warren) = 72.8 + 20 = 93
Target Score (Gary) = 70.1 + 17 = 87
SECTION 3-5 EXAMPLE
3
20
17
Warren
Gary
70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93
Target Score (Warren) = 72.8 + 20 = 93
Target Score (Gary) = 70.1 + 17= 87
| “Section 3-5”
SECTION 3-5 EXAMPLE: SUMMARY
Now Warren has a Course Handicap
of 23 (20 + 3).
Warren
Gross Score
Course Handicap
Net Score
| “Section 3-5”
93
-23
70
Gary
87
-17
70
We have reached our
desired goal, where both
players have scored to their
Course Handicap and their
net scores result in a tie.
(See Decision 3-5/1.)
DECISION 3-5/1
Warren has a Course Handicap of
20. But Gary now has a Course
Handicap of 14 (17 - 3).
Warren
Gross Score
Course Handicap
Net Score
| “Section 3-5”
93
-20
73
Gary
87
-14
73
We have reached our
desired goal, where both
players have scored to their
Course Handicap and their
net scores result in a tie.
DECISION 3-5/2
May a Golf Club Choose Not to Follow Section 3-5 of the
USGA Handicap System?
Q: May golf clubs’ choose not to follow Section 3-5 of �”The
USGA Handicap System”� manual if the clubs groups are
competing from different tees?
A: No, ignoring Section 3-5 of “The �USGA Handicap System”�
when players are competing from different tees would be waiving
a Rule of Golf. The Committee in charge of a competition does
not have the authority to waive a Rule of Golf (see “The Rules of
Golf,” Decision 6-2/1).
| “Section 3-5”
Section 4
COVER HEADLINE
Adjusting
Hole
Scores
GOES HERE
TYPE SIZE 36
Date: type size 18
SECTION 4-1
UNFINISHED HOLES AND
CONCEDED STROKES
MOST LIKELY SCORE
A "most likely score" is the score a
player must post for handicap
purposes if a hole is started but not
completed or if the player is
conceded a stroke.
| “Section 4-1”
The most likely score consists of the
number of strokes already taken
plus, in the player's best judgment,
the number of strokes the player
would take to complete the hole
from that position more than half the
time.
MOST LIKELY SCORE
This most likely score should be
preceded by an "X.”
There is no limit to the number of
unfinished holes a player may have
in a round, provided that failure to
finish is not for the purpose of
handicap manipulation.
| “Section 4-1”
SECTION 4-2
HOLES NOT PLAYED OR
NOT PLAYED UNDER THE
PRINCIPLES OF THE
RULES OF GOLF
HOLES NOT PLAYED OR NOT PLAYED
UNDER THE PRINCIPLES OF THE
RULES OF GOLF
My ball is out of
bounds, but I’ll just
drop another and
play from here!
If a player does not play a hole or
plays it other than under the
principles of the Rules of Golf, the
score recorded for that hole for
handicap purposes must be par plus
any handicap strokes the player is
entitled to receive on that hole.
This hole score, when recorded,
should be preceded by an "X."
| “Section 4-2”
HOLES NOT PLAYED IN ACCORDANCE
WITH THE PRINCIPLES OF THE RULES
OF GOLF
Example: A player with a Course
Handicap of 18 receives a handicap
stroke on every hole. If the player
takes a mulligan on the first tee,
which is a par 4, the player must
record a score of par plus one for
handicap purposes, or X-5.
| “Section 4-1”
SECTION 4-3
EQUTIABLE STROKE
CONTROL
EQUITABLE STROKE CONTROL
Equitable Stroke Control (ESC) is
the downward adjustment of
individual hole scores for handicap
purposes in order to make
handicaps more representative of a
player’s potential ability.
ESC sets a maximum number that a
player can post on any hole
depending on the player’s Course
Handicap.
Course Handicap=21
ESC would be 8
| “Section 4-3”
Course Handicap = 21
ESC Max = 8
ESC is used only when a
player's actual or most
likely score exceeds the
player's maximum number
based on the table below.
All scores for handicap
purposes, including
tournament scores, are
subject to the application of
Equitable Stroke Control
(ESC).
| “Section 4-3”
A handicap determined from
scores to which ESC has not
been applied may not be termed
a Handicap Index.
Under no circumstances must the
procedures of this section be
used by a player to manipulate
his Handicap Index. If a player
uses this section for such
purposes, their Handicap Index
must be adjusted or revoked by
the Handicap Committee under
Section 8-4.
| “Section 4-3”
Section 5
COVER HEADLINE
Posting Scores
GOES HERE
TYPE SIZE 36
Date: type size 18
SECTION 5-1
ACCEPTABILITY OF
SCORES
SCORES TO POST
Number of Holes Played
Score to Post
1–6
Cannot Post
7 – 12
Nine-Hole Score
13 - 18
Eighteen-Hole Score
| “Section 5-1”
ACCEPTABILITY OF SCORES
Scores on all courses with a USGA
Course Rating and Slope Rating
made during an active season, both
at home and away.
Scores in both match play and
stroke play. This includes scores
made in match play, in multi-ball, or
in team competitions in which
players have not completed one or
more holes or in which players are
requested to pick up when out of
contention on a hole.
| “Section 5-1”
ACCEPTABILITY OF SCORES
A player who is disqualified from a
competition, but has an acceptable score,
must record an adjusted gross score for
handicap purposes. For example, a player
who is disqualified from a competition for
failure to sign a scorecard has an
acceptable score for handicap purposes.
| “Section 5-1”
UNACCEPTABLE SCORES
When made on a golf course in an
area observing an inactive season;
When, as a condition of the
competition, the maximum number
of clubs allowed is less than 14, or
types of clubs are limited as, for
example, in a competition that
allows only 2 clubs and a putter;
When scores are made on a
course without a USGA Course
Rating and Slope Rating.
| “Section 5-1”
UNACCEPTABLE SCORES
-When a player uses nonconforming clubs, nonconforming balls, or tees;
-With respect to Rule 14-3
(Rules of Golf), when an
artificial device or piece of
unusual equipment is used
during the execution of a stroke
or when equipment is used in
an unusual manner during the
execution of a stroke.
| “Section 5-1”
SECTION 5-2
POSTING SCORES
POSTING SCORES
Posting scores in person
immediately following the round at
the course where the round is
played is the preferred way to
expose scores to peer review. This
method of posting must be used
whenever possible.
The posted scores for the
day must be immediately
available to all members
for peer review.
| “Section 5-2”
POSTING SCORES
• Identification number
• Date (when the round was played)
• USGA Course Rating and Slope Rating
of the gender and the tees played
• Adjusted gross score
• Tournament designation, if applicable
Course Name*
*Type 1 and Type 2 golf club
recommendation. Type 3 requirement.
| “Section 5-2”
POSTING SCORES
The Handicap Committee may adopt a
policy to accept scores returned by email,
fax, Internet, or surface mail. Scores may
not be returned verbally by the telephone.
| “Section 5-2”
POSTING SCORES
Total scores may be returned and need not
be recorded hole-by-hole. The Handicap
Committee may require the returning or
attesting of scorecards periodically in order
to assist in its responsibilities, but this
requirement must not be used to affect the
acceptability of a score. A score is
acceptable for handicap posting purposes
regardless of whether a scorecard
accompanies it.
(See Decisions 5-2a/3 and 5-2a/4.)
| “Section 5-2”
POSTING NINE-HOLE SCORES
To be acceptable for handicap purposes
nine-hole scores must meet the following
conditions:
• The course must have a nine-hole USGA
Course Rating and Slope Rating
• At least seven holes must be played
Score = 46
USGA Course Rating / Slope Rating:
35.1/134
| “Section 5-2c”
NINE-HOLE SCORES
Nine-hole scores must not be designated as T-scores;
When two nine-hole scores are combined, the USGA Course Rating is
the sum of each 9-hole USGA Course Rating and the Slope Rating is
the average of the Slope Rating of the two nines;
Two nine-hole scores combined to create an 18-hole score should be
designated with the letter C (e.g., 85C). If either of the two nine-hole
scores was posted via Internet (see Section 5-2a(vi)), the score should
be designated CI;
| “Section 5-2d”
TREATMENT OF NINE-HOLE SCORES
Nine-hole scores are combined in the order that they are received into
the player's scoring record from any club or from any combination of
nines, regardless of score type.
An 18-hole score created by the combination of two nine-hole scores
will display the date and course name (if applicable) of the latest nine
hole score (e.g., April 29 and May 4 = May 4). A nine-hole score is
eligible to be combined until 20 new (18-hole) rounds have been
posted.
TREATMENT OF NINE-HOLE SCORES
A nine-hole score will be retained for combination with another ninehole score until it is older than the twentieth oldest eighteen-hole score
in the scoring record, and nine-hole scores will be combined in the
order they are received in the player’s record, and “not necessarily by
date.”
COMMITTEE POSTING A SCORE
If a player fails to post a score,
the Handicap Committee may
post the score without the
player's authorization.
(See Section 8-4b.)
| “Section 5-2f”
COMMITTEE POSTING A SCORE
The Committee is authorized
(and encouraged) to post the
scores for all competitors.
This can be for normal play
days as well as the major
events at the club.
Be sure to notify players in
advance to avoid a duplicate
posting scenario.
| “Section 5-2f”
POSTING A SCORE FROM AN UNRATED
SET OF TEES ON A RATED COURSE
If a USGA Course Rating and Slope Rating from a selected set of tees
are not available for the appropriate gender, the player may apply
Section 5-2g procedure on a temporary basis.
This procedure is NOT a substitute for a formal USGA Course Rating
and Slope Rating.
If the Committee in charge of a competition has used a combination of
tees for a competition course, this procedure may be used. It may also
be used if a player employs Tee It Forward and the forward tee is not
rated for that gender.
| “Section 5-2g”
EXAMPLE
A junior boy plays from the forward tees, which are not rated for men.
The men's USGA Course Rating from the middle tees is 71.0, with a
Slope Rating of 117. The forward tees are 800 yards shorter than the
middle tees. He enters the 781 to 802 yard range to subtract 3.6 from
the USGA Course Rating and 9 from the Slope Rating of the middle
tees.
He will post his score with a USGA Course Rating of 67.4 (71.0 – 3.6)
and a Slope Rating of 108(117 - 9). He will also calculate his Course
Handicap based on the 108 Slope Rating.
| “Section 5-2g”
Section
6
COVER HEADLINE
Scoring
GOES
HERE Records
TYPE SIZE 36
Date: type size 18
SECTION 6-1
CONTINUOUS RECORDS
CONTINUOUS RECORDS
Scores made in a new playing
season (or calendar year) must be
added to those of the preceding
playing seasons (or calendar years)
to make up a scoring record, which
is continuous from year to year.
| “Section 6-1”
SECTION 6-2
INACTIVE SEASON
INACTIVE SEASON
The authorized golf association
having jurisdiction in an area is
responsible for declaring the
duration of any inactive season. A
golf club located within the area
covered by an authorized golf
association must observe any
inactive season established by the
golf association, even if the club is
not a member of the association.
| “Section 6-2”
INACTIVE SEASON
Scores made at a golf course in
an area observing an active
season MUST be posted for
handicap purposes.
Scores made at any golf course
observing an inactive season are
not acceptable for handicap
purposes.
| “Section 6-2”
SECTION 6-3
SCORING LISTS AND RECORDS
HANDICAP LISTS AND SCORING
RECORDS
The accessibility of scoring
records is an important
component of peer review.
Accordingly, the club must display
a Handicap Index listing as well
as current scoring records of all
players as of the most recent
revision date.
| “Section 6-3”
HANDICAP LISTS AND SCORING
RECORDS
If a computer with handicap
information is directly accessible
to members, scoring records may
be displayed in this manner.
However, for the purpose of peer
review, the club should print out a
Handicap Index list, the current
scoring record, as well as a report
of Internet-posted scores (if
allowed), as of the most recent
revision date.
| “Section 6-3”
SECTION 6-5
PLAYER BELONGING TO MORE
THAN ONE CLUB
PLAYER BELONGING TO MORE THAN
ONE CLUB
A player who belongs to more than one golf club must do either of the
following:
(a) Register as a multi-member with the authorized golf association or
computation service, if such service is provided, so that all scores at every
club will enter into the player's scoring record for computation; or
(b) Return all scores to all clubs in person, or, if the club allows, by email, fax,
Internet, or surface mail (See Section 5-2), together with the USGA Course
Rating and Slope Rating, and date.
| “Section 6-5”
PLAYER BELONGING TO MORE THAN
ONE CLUB
Failure to post all scores at all clubs produces a Handicap Index that is not
based on the best 10 out of the last 20 Differentials and subsequently may not
be termed a Handicap Index.
If a player has a different Handicap Index at different clubs, despite posting all
scores at all clubs, the committee in charge of the competition may require
the player to use the lowest Handicap Index when competing with players
from more than one club.
| “Section 6-5”
SECTION 6-6
PLAYER CHANGING GOLF
CLUBS
PLAYER CHANGING GOLF CLUBS
When changing golf clubs, a player
should give the new club a record
of the player’s last 20 scores in
chronological order plus any
eligible tournament scores
recorded together with the
appropriate USGA Course Rating
and Slope Rating.
This information will become part
of the player’s scoring record at
the new club and will NOT result in
a Handicap Index until after the
next handicap revision.
| “Section 6-6”
Section 6-7
Records of Resigned Members
• The Handicap Index of a resigned member
remains valid only until the next revision date.
• When the player joins a new golf club, a new
Handicap Index is issued at the first revision
date, based on the scoring record from the
prior club and any scores recorded in the
interim.
Section 7
COVER
HEADLINE
Preferred Lies (Winter Rules) and
GOES HERE
Adverse
Course
Conditions
TYPE SIZE 36
Date: type size 18
SECTION 7-1
ACCEPTABILITY OF
SCORES WHEN PLAYING
PREFERRED LIES
ACCEPTABILITY OF SCORES WHEN
PLAYING PREFERRED LIES
Scores made when a Local Rule for
preferred lies and/or winter rules is
in effect must be posted for
handicap purposes unless the
Committee (preferably the Handicap
Committee) determines that
conditions are so poor that such
scores should not be posted.
The Local Rule should be withdrawn
as soon as the conditions warrant.
| “Section 7-1”
ACCEPTABILITY OF SCORES WHEN
PLAYING PREFERRED LIES
Ground under repair is provided in Rule 25 (“The Rules of Golf”), and
occasional local abnormal conditions that might interfere with fair play
and are not widespread should be defined as ground under repair.
Adverse conditions, such as heavy snows, spring thaws, prolonged
rains or extreme heat can make fairways unsatisfactory and
sometimes prevent use of heavy mowing equipment. When these
conditions are so general throughout a course that the Committee
believes “preferred lies” or “winter rules” would promote fair play or
help protect the course, the following Local Rule is recommended:
| “Section 7-1”
LOCAL RULE
A ball lying on a closely mown area
through the green [or specify a
more restricted area, e.g., at the
6th hole] may be lifted without
penalty and cleaned. Before lifting
the ball, the player must mark its
position. Having lifted the ball, he
must place it on a spot within
(specify area, e.g., six inches, one
club-length, etc.) of and not nearer
the hole than where it originally lay,
that is not in a hazard and not on a
putting green.
| “Section 7-1”
LOCAL RULE
A player may place his ball only once,
and it is in play when it has been
placed (Rule 20-4). If the ball fails to
come to rest on the spot on which it is
placed, Rule 20-3d applies.
If the ball when placed comes to rest
on the spot on which it is placed and
it subsequently moves, there is no
penalty and the ball must be played
as it lies, unless the provisions of any
other Rule apply.
If the player fails to mark the position
of the ball before lifting it or moves
the ball in any other manner, such as
rolling it with a club, he incurs a
penalty of one stroke.
| “Section 7-1”
SECTION 7-2
PITFALLS IN ADOPTING
PREFERRED LIES
PITFALLS IN ADOPTING PREFERRED
LIES
• Conflicts with the fundamental principle
of playing the ball as it lies.
• Does not protect the course-just the
opposite.
• "Preferred lies" generally tends to lower
scores and each player’s Handicap
Index.
• Extended use or indiscriminate use of
"preferred lies" will place players at a
disadvantage when competing at a
course where the ball must be played as
it lies.
| “Section 7-2”
COVER HEADLINE
GOES HERE
TYPE SIZE 36
Section 8
The Handicap Committee
Date: type size 18
SECTION 8-1
HANDICAP COMMITTEE
CHAIRPERSON
HANDICAP COMMITTEE CHAIRPERSON
The position of Handicap
Chairperson requires a substantial
amount of time and a basic
knowledge of the USGA Handicap
System.
The more information the Handicap
Chairperson provides to members,
the more cooperation the Handicap
Chairperson is likely to receive.
| “Section 8-1”
Attributes of a Handicap Chairperson
From the 1989 USGA Handicap System and
Golf Committee Manual:
• Must be a discerning person who can meet
unforeseen situations and solve with fairness
• Patient with players who present grievances
based on lack of knowledge
• Is an educator as the more information
provided to players, the more cooperation
received
SECTION 8-2
DUTIES AND
RESPONSIBILITIES
DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
• The Handicap Committee within the golf
club is responsible for all aspects of the
USGA Handicap System, including:
• Verify all acceptable scores are reported for
handicap purposes, and that recorded scores
are available for peer review
• Examining Results of Competitions
• Maintaining Players' Records
• Cooperation With Other Committees
| “Section 8-2”
NOTICE TO MEMBERS
• How and where scores are returned;
• How handicap cards or labels are issued;
• How each Handicap Index is verified at
each revision;
• The handicap revision schedule;
• The duration of any inactive season;
| “Section 8-2a”
NOTICE TO MEMBERS
• How away scores are posted prior to the
start of the active season
• Handicap Index adjustment powers of the
Handicap Committee;
• Penalties for players failing to return scores;
• Which rounds will be designated as
tournament scores.
SECTION 8-3
HANDICAP REVISIONS
HANDICAP REVISIONS
• A golf club must follow the National Revision Schedule. Under the
National Revision Schedule, each Handicap Index must be revised on
the 1st and the 15th of each month.
• Each authorized golf association may establish an inactive season for
its region. If so, it must establish the dates on which the inactive season
starts and ends. These dates, along with the National Revision Schedule
for Handicap Index revisions, are to be distributed to all member clubs
and non-member clubs in the region.
• Any non-member club of an authorized golf association must observe
the National Revision Schedule and any inactive season established by
the authorized golf association that has jurisdiction in its area.
| “Section 8-3”
SECTION 8-4
PENALTY SCORES,
HANDICAP INDEX
ADJUSTMENT, AND
WITHDRAWAL
GENERAL
No player has an inherent right to a Handicap
Index without providing full evidence of the
player’s ability to the Handicap Committee at
their golf club.
A Handicap Index must normally be changed
only as warranted by the USGA Handicap
System.
Only the Handicap Committee where a player
maintains a handicap can adjust or withdraw
that player’s Handicap Index.
PENALTY SCORES
If a player fails to post an acceptable
score as soon as practicable after
completion of the round, the Handicap
Committee should post the score and/or
a penalty score and ratings equal to the
lowest Handicap Differential in the
player’s scoring record.
If the score not returned is unusually
high, the Handicap Committee should
enter the score and/or a penalty score
and ratings equal to the highest
Handicap Differential in the player’s
scoring record.
| “Section 8-4b”
HANDICAP INDEX ADJUSTMENT
Before an adjustment becomes effective, the Handicap
Committee must give the player an opportunity to explain the
circumstances surrounding the proposed adjustment, either in
writing or by appearing before the Committee.
HANDICAP INDEX ADJUSTMENT
• Improving faster than the
System can react
• Numerous away or Internet
scores change Handicap
Index
• Temporary disability
• Continued violations of
Section 5-1e
• Player manipulates round
PLAYER MANIPULATES SCORES
If a player manipulates scores to
influence that player’s Handicap
Index, the Handicap Committee must
adjust or withdraw the Handicap
Index, depending on the severity of
the offense.
PLAYER MANIPULATES SCORES
• Posting erroneous information to
scoring record
• Stopping play after 6 holes to avoid
posting scores;
• Repeatedly playing more than one
ball to avoid posting scores;
• Not adjusting hole scores under
Section 4;
• Deliberately reporting more or
fewer strokes than actually scored;
• Deliberately taking extra strokes to
inflate a score.
•Not observing either or both
premises that underlie the USGA
Handicap System.
DURATION OF ADJUSTMENT
The Handicap Committee must
determine how long a player’s
Handicap Index is to remain modified
or withdrawn.
At each handicap revision date, the
Handicap Committee should
compare the modified Handicap
Index to the value determined by
normal computation methods.
Section 9
COVER HEADLINE
Competitions
GOESHandicap
HERE
TYPE SIZE 36
Date: type size 18
SECTION 9-1
HANDICAP REQUIRED FOR
COMPETITION
ENTRY INTO A COMPETITION
When a Handicap Index is a
requirement for entering a
competition, a player must submit
the Handicap Index in effect on the
date of entry.
A Handicap Index adjusted by the
Handicap Committee must be the
player’s Handicap Index.
| “Section 9-1”
SECTION 9-2
HANDICAP INDEX TO USE
HANDICAP INDEX TO USE
…must be determined by the Committee in
charge of the competition. The USGA
recommends that the Committee require use of
a Handicap Index in effect on the date the
competition commences.
… in an exceptional case, the Committee may
modify a player’s Course Handicap before or
between rounds of the competition.
…if a competition spans a handicap revision
date, the revised Handicap Index should be
used in rounds following that date.
…if a player has more than one Handicap
Index, the Committee in charge of a
competition must require the player to use his
lowest Handicap Index.
| “Section 9-2”
SECTION 9-3
ASSIGNMENT OF
STROKES
ASSIGNMENT OF STROKES
A player receiving handicap strokes generally takes
them in the order assigned on the scorecard. For
example, a player receiving three strokes takes
them on the first, second, and third stroke holes.
In mixed competitions where players play their own
ball and where allocations are different for men and
women, the players receive strokes based on their
respective stroke allocations.
In mixed foursome and selected drive match-play
competitions, strokes are received based on the
men’s allocation.
| “Section 9-3”
ASSIGNMENT OF STROKES
For formats in which handicap strokes are used on specific holes during the
course of play, a player generally takes them in the order assigned on the
scorecard.
In mixed competitions where players play their own ball and where allocations
are different for men and women, the players receive strokes based on their
respective stroke allocations.
| “Section 9-3”
SECTION 9-4
HANDICAP ALLOWANCES
HANDICAP ALLOWANCES
Step 1) Players must first determine Course Handicap (from tees played).
Step 2) Player should the apply the handicap allowances for the appropriate
format.
Step 3) It is recommended that in four-ball stroke play competitions, if the Course
Handicaps of the side differ by more than 8 strokes, each is reduced by
10 percent.
Step 4) If players are competing from different tees or men and women are
competing from the same tees, players must apply the adjustment for the
difference in the USGA Course Rating from the tees played.
| “Section 9-4”
HANDICAP ALLOWANCES
Singles Match Play
Allowance: The higher-handicapped player
receives the full difference between the
Course Handicap of the two players; the
lower-handicapped player must play from
scratch. (See Decision 9-4a (i)/1.)
Example: A player with a Course Handicap
of 17 must receive four strokes from a player
with a Course Handicap of 13. The player
receives them on the holes allocated as the
first four handicap-stroke holes.
| “Section 9-4”
HANDICAP ALLOWANCES:
WHY DO WE NEED THEM?
An inequity arises in some multi-ball team
events when a full Course Handicap is
used. Higher- handicapped sides would
have an unfair advantage over lowerhandicapped sides. Thus in some events,
less than full Course Handicaps are used.
| “Section 9-4”
HANDICAP ALLOWANCES
Net Skins- No official recommendation
Scramble- No official recommendation, however USGA research
indicates the following allowances should be equitable
4-Person Scramble
2-Person Scramble
20% of A (low hdcp)
35% of A
15% of B
15% of B
10% of C
5% of D (high hdcp)
| “Section 9-4”
SECTION 9-5
HOW TO DECIDE TIES
HOW TO DECIDE TIES
Committee determines how and when a
halved match or stroke play tie must be
decided.
The procedure should be published in
advance.
| “Section 9-5”
USGA RECOMMENDATIONS
Match play:
A match which ends all square should
be played off hole-by-hole until one side
wins a hole.
Should start where the match began.
Should allocate strokes as in stipulated
round.
| “Section 9-5”
USGA RECOMMENDATIONS
Stroke Play:
A Playoff with handicaps is recommended. It may be over 18 holes or a
smaller number of holes as specified by the Committee.
Stroke hole allocation not relevant (e.g. individual stroke play): The
percentage of 18 holes to be played should be applied to the players’
handicaps to determine their playoff handicaps. Fractions of ½ stroke or
more should count as a full stroke.
Stroke hole allocation is relevant (e.g., 4-ball stroke play): Handicap
strokes should be taken as they were assigned for the competition.
| “Section 9-5”
SCORECARD PLAYOFFS
• Play-off not feasible for stroke play;
• Matching of the cards is recommended.
• Method of matching should be announced in advance.
USGA Recommendation:
Best score for the last nine holes, if tying players have the same score for
the last nine holes, determine the winner on the basis of the last six holes,
last three holes, and finally the 18th hole.
| “Section 9-5”
SCORECARD PLAYOFFS
If such a method is used then 1/2, 1/3, 1/6, etc. of the Course Handicap
should be deducted from the score for those holes. (If stroke hole allocations
are relevant, strokes are taken as they were assigned on the score card).
Hole
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
3
5
11
9
7
15
17
Handicap
17 18
1
13
HDCP
Player A
(5)
A-net
Player B
(10)
B-net
* =one stroke received
| “Section 9-5”
5*
4*
5
3
5
4
4
4*
5
4
3
5
3
5
4
4
3
5
6*
4*
6
3*
5*
6
3
6*
5
5
3
6
2
4
6
3
5
5
36
39
Section 10
COVER
HEADLINE
USGA
Handicap Formula
GOES HERE
TYPE SIZE 36
Date: type size 18
SECTION 10-1
HOW TO DETERMINE A
HANDICAP DIFFERENTIAL
HANDICAP DIFFERENTIAL FORMULA
Handicap Differential =
(Adjusted Gross Score – USGA Course Rating) x 113 / Slope Rating
Adjusted Gross Score - USGA Course Rating:
x Standard Slope Rating:
Result / Slope Rating:
Handicap Differential (rounded):
| “Section 10-1”
95 - 71.5 =
23.5 x 113 =
2655.5 / 125 =
23.5
2655.5
21.24
21.2
HANDICAP DIFFERENTIAL FORMULA
A lower score may not always produce a lower Differential.
Examples:
(95 – 71.5) x 113/125 = 21.2
(97 – 73.8) x 113/140 = 18.7
(90 – 66.1) x 113/105 = 25.7
SECTION 10-2
HANDICAP INDEX
FORMULA
HANDICAP INDEX FORMULA
Once the Handicap Differentials are calculated for all 20 scores,
the best 10 Differentials are averaged.
Multiply average by 96%
(Bonus for Excellence*)
Delete digits after tenths digit
Result = Handicap Index
BONUS FOR EXCELLENCE
• Bonus for Excellence is the incentive that is built into the
USGA Handicap System for players to improve their golf
games. It is the term used to describe the small percentage
below perfect equity that is used to calculate a Handicap Index
(96%).
As a player’s Handicap Index improves (gets lower), the player
has a slightly better chance of placing high or winning a
handicap event.
EXAMPLE
Total of 10 lowest Differentials*:
154.8
Average (154.8 divided by 10):
15.48
Multiply average by .96:
14.861
Delete all digits after tenths:
14.8
Handicap Index:
14.8
HANDICAP INDEX FORMULA
Ideally the Handicap Index is based
on the 10 lowest Differentials of the
most recent 20. The average of the
10 best is multiplied by .96 then
truncated to the tenth. If less than 20
scores are available, less than 10
Differentials are used to calculate the
Index.
SECTION 10-3
REDUCTION OF HANDICAP
INDEX BASED ON
EXCEPTIONAL
TOURNAMENT SCORES
TOURNAMENT SCORE DESIGNATION
A tournament score is a score made
in a competition organized and
conducted by a Committee in charge
of the competition. The competition
must identify a winner(s) based on a
stipulated round(s), and must be
played under the principles of the
Rules of Golf.
Routine events such as regular play
days are not normally to be
designated as T-Scores because
they are not significant in the
traditions, schedules, formats, and
membership of the club.
ELIGIBLE TOURNAMENT SCORE
An eligible tournament score is any
tournament score made either within
the last 12 months or within the
player’s current 20-score history.
HANDICAP INDEX REDUCTION
This process is an automatic function
of the USGA Handicap System and
performed by the club’s handicap
computation service or program.
This procedure occurs at every
revision period.
The Handicap Committee’s job is:
to check the player’s reduced
Handicap Index and see if any
further action needs to occur; and to
review the tournament schedule and
determine the scores (in conjunction
with the Committee in charge of the
competition) that should be
designated as tournaments and
inform the members when posting,
so that they post with a “T.”
EXAMPLE:
Sandy’s calculated 10-2 value is 24.2
and has two exceptional T-Score
Differentials that average 18.2 and
six total eligible tournament scores.
Using the two best T-Score
Differentials the difference between
the 10-2 calculation and the T-Scores
is 6.0 strokes.
Based on the Handicap Reduction
Table, what would be the Handicap
Index?
HANDICAP REDUCTION TABLE
Number of Eligible T-Scores
24.2 – 18.2 = 6.0
6 eligible T-Scores (5-9 column)
Table Value= 1.9
24.2 – 1.9 = 22.3
Average of
lowest 2
T-Scores below
calculated
Handicap Index
Sandy’s new Handicap Index
22.3R
DURATION AND VARIATION OF
REDUCTION
Handicap Index reduction for
exceptional tournament scores is
calculated at each handicap revision
and may vary from revision to
revision.
The Handicap Committee must
review all reductions and may
increase, reduce, or override a 10-3
reduction.
DURATION AND VARIATION OF
REDUCTION
If a player has Tournament Scores which were not exceptional at the time they
were posted, but subsequently become exceptional due to an increase in the
player’s 10-2 calculated Index, the reduction is still warranted.
Handicap
T-Scores
Index
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
SECTION 10-5
NINE HOLE
HANDICAP INDEX (N)
NINE HOLE HANDICAP INDEX (N)
A Handicap Index followed by an “N” signifies a 9-hole
Handicap Index.
If a competition requires a Handicap Index, a Handicap
Index (N) may be doubled for 18-hole play (a Handicap
Index can be halved for a 9-hole competition).
A player with a Handicap Index (N) who plays an 18-hole
round must post two nine-hole scores to his scoring
record (N).
Maximum Handicap Index (N)
18.2N for men and 20.2N for women
NINE HOLE HANDICAP INDEX (N)
Handicap Differential =
(9-hole adjusted gross score – 9-hole USGA Course Rating)
x 113 / 9-hole Slope Rating
(45-36.2) x 113 / 121 = 8.2
Avg. the best 10 Differentials of last 20
Multiply average by 96%
Delete digits after tenths
Result = Handicap Index (N)
Section 12: Measurements
Begins the portion of
the manual that
addresses the Golf
Course and includes
Sections 12 through
17
MEASUREMENTS
Section 12
Each teeing ground should have permanent
yardage markers.
Could be: concrete slab
metal plate
pipe
- set flush to the ground
- middle of teeing ground
- hole yardage should be visible in marker
This is the start point for measuring hole length.
Permanent Markers/Moveable
Markers
MEASUREMENTS – con’t
• Measuring done by air line
(not ground)
• Along line at play to center of green
• Dog-legs straight line measurements
to turn point, then to center of green
• Accurate measurements are to
nearest yard
Measuring By Air Line
Section 13
Course Rating
What Is the Course Rating?
(The first number as in rating/slope ex.
72.4/135)
The playing difficulty of a course for a
scratch golfer under normal course
conditions.
Expressed as strokes taken to one
decimal place
Who is Scratch?
• Plays to a Course
Handicap of 0
• Hits drive 210
yards
• Hits second shot
190 yards
What Is Slope?
The difficulty of a course for everyone
else (non-scratch golfer = 99.36% of
women golfers with handicaps)
relative to the difficulty of a course for
scratch golfers under normal course
and weather conditions.
Who is Bogey?
• Course Handicap of
approximately 24 on
a course of standard
difficulty
• Hits her drive 150
yards
• Hits her second
shot 130 yards
Who Does the Course Rating?
Course Rating Teams
Course Rating Captain and 3-7 other
course raters.
When Are The Courses
Rated?
Every 7 - 8 years
New Courses – Every 5years
(Ratings are valid for 10 years, absent
changes.)
Effective Length Correction
Factors
•
•
•
•
•
ELEVATION
ROLL
DOGLEG
WIND
ALTITUDE
Effective Playing length is the measured
playing length adjusted by above
factors
Elevation
ROLL
DOGLEG/FORCED LAY-UP
PREVAILING WIND
What Obstacles Are
Measured?
•
•
•
•
TOPOGRAPHY
FAIRWAY
GREEN TARGET
ROUGH AND
RECOVERABLILITY (Trouble)
• BUNKERS
What Obstacles Are
Measured? Con’t
•
•
•
•
OUT OF BOUNDS
WATER
TREES
GREEN SURFACE (speed &
contour)
• PSYCHOLOGICAL (ADDITION OF
ALL OBSTACLES OVER 5) (PLUS
X)
TOPOGRAPHY
FAIRWAY
GREEN TARGET
Rough & Recoverability
BUNKERS
FAIRWAY BUNKERS
GREENSIDE BUNKERS
Out of Bounds and Extreme Rough
WATER HAZARDS
Obstacle: Water Hazards
• Water hazard with
both lateral and
water carry.
• Water surrounds
the green and is
close to the edge of
the green
TREES
GREEN SURFACE
PYSCHOLOGICAL
How Changes In Course Maintenance
Affect The Course Rating?
FAIRWAY
– DECREASING FAIRWAY WIDTHS BY 10 YDS ON
THE PAR 4’S AND 5’S ADDS TO C/R AND TO
SLOPE
R&R
– INCREASE ROUGH HEIGHT BY 1” ON ALL 18
HOLES ADDS TO C/R AND INCREASES THE
SLOPE
OB
– MOVING WHITE STAKES 10 YARDS CLOSER
How Changes In Course
Maintenance Affect The Course
Rating? Con’t
BUNKERS
– DEPENDS ON HOW MANY AND HOW DEEP.
ADDING 13 AVERAGE BUNKERS WILL
INCREASE THE SLOPE BY 1
GREEN TARGET
– DECREASE WATERING TO CHANGE FROM
SOFT TO MEDIUM OR HARD, CHANGES THE
HOLDING PROPERTIES OF THE GREENS.
GREEN SURFACE
– SPEEDING UP GREENS
Course Rating
Resort courses have a tendency to move
the ladies tees up, and players should be
aware of this.
It is a good idea to pay attention to where
the permanent markers are.
If after playing a few holes you find all the
tees are placed more than 10 yards forward,
you would be wise to play from the
permanent markers.
You will be posting your score to a truer
course rating!
How Does Course Rating
and Slope Affect Your
Handicap?
How Are Differentials
Figured?
Gross Score – Course
Rating x 113/Slope
Rating (rounded)
COURSE RATINGS, SLOPES
& DIFFERENTIALS
Example: Two Courses with the same slope
but different ratings – Score 94
Course A
Course B
74.2/127
70.5/127
94-74.2=19.8
94-70.5=23.5
19.8x113=2237.4
23.5x113=2655.5
2237.4/127=17.61
2655.5/127=20.90
17.6
20.9
Course Rating
Temporary Ratings
Section 14
Yes:
5 holes are altered for more than 4 weeks.
Yardage is altered more than 30 yards for
more than 4 weeks
Temporary greens are used for more than
4 weeks
Course Rating
Temporary Ratings
NO:
 When temporary greens are in use
for a short period of time
 When a tee box is moved laterally
but the yardage remains the same
 Post net par for hole (par plus
handicap stroke(s) for that hole
If in doubt, call the Course
Rating Manager at the
WSCGA Office!
COURSE SET-UP
Section 15
• IMPORTANT to keep course difficulty
constant
• Balance placement of tees so effective
playing length same day to day
• Place holes for fairness of playing – no
tricks!
Appendix A , B & C
• Appendix A – Short Course Handicap
Procedure for courses under 3000 yards
for 18 holes or under 1500 yards for 9
holes
• Appendix B – Sample Letter Applying
Section 8-4 (Committee notice of
adjustment to handicap index to player)
• Appendix C – Junior Par computation
Appendix D
• Sample letter explaining Section 3-5 & 93c where players compete from different
tees. Adds language that if Committee
does not apply section 3-5 when players
are competing from different tees it would
be waiving a Rule of Golf and that the
Committee in charge of a competition
does not have the authority to waive a
Rule of Golf.
Appendix E –Exceptional ‘T’ Scores
To help Handicap Committees at the club and
association level, the USGA Handicap Manual,
provides a statistical analysis of the odds of
shooting a net differential EQUAL TO OR
BETTER THAN the number in the left column.
•This table shows, at different handicap levels, the
probability of a golfer shooting 1 to 10 or more
strokes below their handicap.
Appendix F – Club Licensing
• Appendix F – USGA Handicap System
Licensing Program for Clubs
– Outlines procedure for club licensing
– See Compliance Check List on page 54
– Club must be able to answer affirmatively to
17 questions, “Does the club….?” in order to
satisfy club licensing requirements
Appendix G – Golf Club Audit
Procedure
• Golf Club Audit Procedure:
USGA contacts golf association
(WSCGA);
WSCGA contacts club, reviews
compliance and makes recommendation.
Worse case scenario for non-compliance,
club looses ability to issue handicap
indices to members;
Appeal process described
Appendix H - Most Improved
Calculation
• Method for Determining Most Improved
Player at End of Season or Year
– Step by step computation
COVER HEADLINE
GOES HERE
TYPE SIZE 36
Section 16
Par Computation
Date: type size 18
SECTION 16
PAR COMPUTATION
PAR COMPUTATION
Par is the score that an expert golfer would be
expected to make for a given hole. Par means
errorless play under ordinary playing conditions,
allowing two strokes on the putting green.
The effective playing length of a hole for the
scratch golfer determines par.
The configuration of the ground and the severity
of the obstacles should be taken into
consideration.
Authorized golf associations are empowered to
adjudicate questions of hole par.
| “Section 16”
PAR COMPUTATION
Par has little importance in the USGA Handicap System
and little impact on a player’s Handicap Index.
Par
Men
Women
3
up to 250
up to 210
4
251 to 470
211 to 400
5
471 to 690
401 to 590
6
691 and over
591 and over
| “Section 16”
DECISION 9-4a/3
9-4a/3. Result of a Hole If Men’s and Women’s
Par Is Different
Q: In a match-play competition, one hole is par
four for men and par five for women. In a match
between a man and a woman, if both score par,
what is the result of the hole?
| “Section 16”
DECISION 9-4a/3
9-4a/3. Result of a Hole If Men’s and Women’s
Par Is Different
A: Par is irrelevant. The player who completes the
hole in fewer strokes wins the hole.
| “Section 16”
EXAMPLE
Mike and Sarah are playing a match. The 15th hole is a
450-yard par 4 for men and a 420-yard par 5 for women.
There are no handicap strokes given to either player.
Both Mike and Sarah score their respective par for the
hole. Who wins the hole?
Mike - because his score is better than Sarah’s. Par is
irrelevant.
| “Section 16”
Section 17
COVER HEADLINE
Allocation
of
Handicap
Strokes
GOES HERE
TYPE SIZE 36
Date: type size 18
SECTION 17-1
DISCRETION OF THE
COMMITTEE
ALLOCATION OF HANDICAP STROKES
A handicap stroke should be an equalizer and should be available on a hole
where it most likely will be needed by the higher-handicapped player to obtain
a half in singles or four-ball match play.
Difficulty in making par on a hole is not an effective indicator of the need for a
stroke.
The basic principle is to equalize the
abilities of golfers at different
handicap levels.
Men’s and women’s stroke
allocations will usually be different
because their needs to equalize
holes will come on different holes.
Odd strokes should be allocated to the front nine and even strokes should be allocated
to the back nine. This helps equalize the distribution of handicap strokes over the
entire 18 holes.
Allocating low-numbered strokes to the holes near the beginning and end of each nine
should be avoided.
SECTION 17-2a
ALLOCATION BASED ON
SCORES:
COMPARISON METHOD
COMPARISON METHOD
1. Collect 200 scores from each group.
Group A – low handicapped players
0-8 for men and 0-14 for women or
25% of the low handicapped players
Group B – middle to higher handicapped players
20-28 for men and 26 -40 for women
Average Course Handicap of Group B should be 15-20
strokes higher than Group A.
2. Average the hole scores for each group and determine the
difference between groups.
SECTION 17-2b
ALLOCATION BASED ON
SCORES:
REGRESSION METHOD
REGRESSION METHOD
Linear regression is applied to all data points.
•
•
•
Use a minimum of 400 hole-by-hole scorecards representing
any Course Handicap.
Similar to 17-2a method, but instead of comparing the average of
two groups, the Regression Method uses all scores covering
the whole Course Handicap range to allocate handicap strokes.
See “Section 17-2b” in the manual for additional information
and the formulas involved in this method.
REGRESSION METHOD
Linear regression is
applied using all data
points.
SECTION 17-5
FOUR-BALL AND
BEST-BALL STROKE PLAY;
STABLEFORD
FOUR-BALL AND BEST-BALL STROKE
PLAY; STABLEFORD
It may be appropriate to develop a separate table based on
difficulty relative to par.
If a club decides to use this method the procedures are as follows:
Sum the Group A and B average score for each hole;
Subtract from this sum two times the par of each hole;
Rank holes from the largest hole result to the smallest.
EXAMPLE OF ALLOCATION METHOD BASED ON DIFFICULTY RELATIVE TO PAR
Example for Men
Hole
Par
Group A
Average
Score
Group B
Average
Score
Group A +
B Score
Group A +
B Score
Minus 2
Par
Rank
1
5
5.25
6.52
11.77
1.77
10
2
3
3.46
3.96
7.42
1.42
14/15
3
4
4.76
5.57
10.33
2.33
4
4
4
4.69
5.89
10.58
2.58
2
5
4
4.50
5.56
10.06
2.06
6
6
5
5.28
6.61
11.89
1.89
7
7
4
3.96
4.74
8.70
0.70
18
8
3
3.38
4.04
7.42
1.42
14/15
9
4
4.22
5.06
9.28
1.28
16
10
5
5.21
6.53
11.74
1.74
11
11
3
3.50
4.13
7.63
1.63
12
12
4
4.70
5.84
10.54
2.54
3
13
4
4.77
6.24
11.01
3.01
1
14
4
4.62
5.51
10.13
2.13
5
15
5
5.34
6.46
11.80
1.80
9
16
4
4.33
4.93
9.26
1.26
17
3
3.54
4.30
7.84
1.84
8
4
4.37
5.11
9.48
1.48
13
17
| “Section
17-5”
18

The USGA Handicap System

Transcription

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