Xin Tang (New China)

XIN TANG
New China
ISSN0T31— 0897
ISSN0731—0897
XIN TANG
NEW CHINA
Di-shi qi Yijiubajiu nian Shi’eryue
No. 10
December 1989
Bianji:
Mei Weiheng
Wang Yiming
Zhang Liqing
Chubanren:
Mei Weiheng
Zhang Liqing
X I N TANG shi yi zhong fei-yinglixing d chubanwu. Ruguo ni yao
kan, qing lai xin xiang women suoqu. X I N TANG hen xuyao pengyou d zhichi he bangzhu. Ruguo ni yuanyi, qing juanqian gei X I N
TANG. Shumu bu zai duo, san-wu kuai dou shi hen da d guli. Danshi
qing buyao mianqiang. Zhipiao qing kai gei X I N TANG. Dizhi shi:
X I N TANG
P.O .Box 254
Swarthmore, PA 19081
USA
X I N TANG you banquan
1989 by X I N TANG
X IN
TANG
D I-1 0 Q I
(1 9 8 9 )
1
M U L U
ZHUANLUN *
* •
ZHOU YOUGUANG: Yuwen Xiandaihua de Xia Yibu 3 ~ 6
CHEN ENQUAN: Yinggai Jinxing Hanzi Pinyinhua Shiyan 7 ~ 10
LI YUAN: Pinyin Zhongwen Xuyao Dingxing
11~12
LI PING: Zuo Wenzi Gaige de Cujinpai
13~ 14
ZHENG LINXI: Wu Yuzhang he Hanyu Pinyin
15~17
ZHANG LIQING: Zenme Gei Hanyu Pinyin Biaodiao?
18~ 19
*
WENXUE *
LIQING: Xiang ($L)
20~ 22
CHEN XUANYOU (Tangdai): Li Hun Ji ( S ^ i e )
23~ 26
WU JINGZI (Qingdai): Wang Sanguniang ( I E ! 6 ^ )
27~ 31
LU XUN: Lun Leifeng Ta de Daodiao
32~ 35
RUI LUOBIN: Chunmei Mimi Youji
36~ 43
XIANGSHENG: Harnagur (i& « & jl)
44~45
WEI YIJIN: Ershi de Meng 46~ 4 8
DIAO KE: Mifeng Jingshen Zan
49
GE XIAOLING: Chang gei Canji Ertong de Ge
50~51
YBY: Huanfang de Gushi (£lj3f& & IO
52~58
* XIAOPIN
*
DIAN EWEN: Haiwai Wengai Qutan 5 9 ~ 6 0
LI YUAN: Pinyin Zhongwen Biaodiao Xiao Tongji
* XUE HANYU
2.
Wen Lu
*
63~ 64
BIANJIBU: Gaobie Duzhe
feng-san
61~ 62
NEW
2
C H IN A
N O .1 0
(1 9 8 9 )
C O N T E N T S
* FEATURE ARTICLES
*
ZHOU YOUGUANG: The Next Step of Language Modernization 3 ~ 6
CHEN ENQUAN: Experiments Should Be Carried Out on the
Phoneticization of Chinese Characters
7 ~ 10
LI YUAN: Romanized Chinese Must Be Finalized
11~12
LI PING: To Be a Promoter of Script Reform
13~ 14
ZHENG LINXI: Wu Yuzhang and Chinese Phonetic Spelling
15~ 17
ZHANG LIQING: How Should the Tones of Chinese Spelling Be
Indicated? 18~ 19
* LITERATURE
*
LIQING: Elephants 20~ 22
CHEN XUANYOU (Tang Period): The Wandering Soul
23~ 26
WU JINGZI (Qing Period): Third Daughter Wang 27~ 31
LU XUN: On the Collapse of Thunder Peak Pagoda 32— 35
RUI LUOBIN: The Adventures of Chunmei and Mimi 36~ 43
COMIC DIALOGUES: Toad Drums 44~ 45
WEI YIJIN: Dreams at Twenty 46~ 48
DIAO KE: In Praise of the Spirit of Bees 49
GE XIAOLING: A Song to the Disable Children
50~51
YBY: The Story of the Magic Square 52~ 58
SHORT SKETCHES *
DIAN EWEN: Interesting Tidbits about Script Reform Abroad
LI YUAN: A Few Statistics on Tones Notations in Romanized
Chinese 6 1 ~ 6 2
*
* LEARNING MANDARIN
2. Asking the Way
*
63~64
EDITORS: Farewell to Our Readers
inside back cover
59~ 60
X IN
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D I-1 0 Q I
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3
YUWEN XIANDAIHUA DE XIA YIBU
ZHOU
YOUGUANG
Qingmo yilai, Zhongguo kaishile yi ge "yuwen xiandaihua yundong”,
baokuo "qieyinzi yundong”, “guoyu yundong ”, "baihuawen yundong”,
"Ladinghua (Luomahua) yundong”, "Hanzi jianhua yundong”, “shaoshu minzu
yuwen yundong”. "Yuwen xiandaihua" shi "Zhongguo xiandaihua” de yi ge
zucheng bufen.
1840 nian de Yapian Zhanzheng, dakaile Manqing Diguo de damen.
Congci Zhongguo beipo kaishile xiandaihua. Xiandaihua de mudi shi
jianshe yi ge "gongyehua” he "xinxihua” de xin Zhongguo, shixing
zhengzhi, jingji he wenhua de quanmian xiandaihua.
"Yuwen xiandaihua” shi "wenhua xiandaihua” de yi ge fangmian.
Jiben mubiao shi: 1, puji gongtongyu, 2, wentii kouyuhua, 3, zhengli
Hanzi, 4, zhiding Hanyu zimu, 5, shaoshu minzu gaijin he chuangzao
wenzi, 6, saochu wenmang, shixing quanmin yiwu jiaoyu. Zhexie mubiao
gen Xi’ou de "Wenyi Fuxing” xiangxi&ng, bei chengwei "Zhongguo de Wenyi
Fuxing”.
Yuwen xiandaihua yundong jingguole san ge shiqi:
1.
Beiyang Zhengfu shiqi. Zhei shiqi zhuyao zuoie ruxiade gongzuo:
kaishi guoyu yundong, zhiding "zhuyin zimu” ( " zhuyin fuhao” ), kaishi
baihuawen yundong.
4
NEW
C H IN A
N o.
10
(1 9 8 9 )
2. Nanjing Zhengfu shiqi. Zhei shiqi zhuyao zuoie ruxiade
gongzuo: guoyu he balhuawen yundong, zhiding “Guoyu Luomazi"
(xianzai gaicheng " zhuyin fuhao di-er shi" ).
3. 1949 nian yihou. Zhe shiqi zhuyao zuole ruxia de gongzuo:
jixu guoyu (putonghua) he baihuawen yundong, zhiding "Hanyu Pinyin
Fang'an", shixing Hanzi de bufen jianhua, gei shijii ge shaoshu
minzu gaijin he zhiding wenzi.
Yu wen xiandaihua bushi shaoshu ren de shihao, bushi mouge
dangpai de sijian, ershi lishi de shiming. Meiyou wancheng de lishi
gongzuo, zhi hui zanshi tingdun, buhui yong bu qianjin. Zai xuduo
ying zuo er wei zuo de gongzuo zhong, muqian yingdang shouxian kaolii
jinxing de shi, yanjiu shifou keneng tongyi dalu he Taiwan de Hanzi
guifan, Luomazi guifan, yiji ylnyi yongzi de guifan:
1. Hanzi guifan: Dalu 1988 nian gongbu {Tongyongzibiao} 7000
zi, qizhong baohan “xiuzheng jianhuazi zongbiao" zhong de 2235 ge
jianhuazi. Taiwan yinshua yong fantizi, shouxie xingshu yong bufen
jianhuazi; culue jisuan, Taiwan de “biaozhun xingshu" baohan 4010
zi, qizhong jianhuazi xiangtong yu dalu de you 383 zi (jisuan fangfa
butong, keyi dedao butongde shuju). Dalu 1981 nian fabu (Xinxi
Jiaohuan Yong Hanzi Bianma Zifuji—3ibenji> (GB 2312-80), baohan
6763 zi, jianglai keneng gen (Tongyongzibiao) heyi. Taiwan 1986
nian gongbu (Tongyong Hanzi Biaozhun Jiaohuanma), baohan 13051 zi.
Xuyao yanjiu, nengfou he ruhe tongyi.
2. Luomazi guifan: Dalu yong "Hanyu Pinyin Fang'an”. Taiwan
yong "zhuyin fuhao di-er shi". Erzhe chabie bu da. Xuyao yanjiu.
nengfou he ruhe tongyi.
X IN
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D I-1 0
(1 9 8 9 )
5
3.
Yinyi yongzi guifan: Waiguo renming, diming he keji shuyu de
yinyi Hanzi, muqian ge di bu tong. Liru: Meiguo qian zongtong
Reagan, Beijing yicheng “I f t * , Taiwan yicheng “U }&", Xianggang
yicheng
IS.", yi ge ren biancheng 3 ge ren. Meiguo xin zongtong
Bush, Beijing yicheng “ 1$-ft", Taiwan yicheng
Xianggang
yicheng
5fc", yi ge ren you biancheng 3 ge ren. Zheyangde bu
yizhi suichu kejian. Yao yanjiu shifou keneng tongyi, ruhe tongyi?
Yuwen xiandaihua gongzuo, shejx “renshi wenti" he “xueshu
wenti", xiangdang fuza . Yinci zhenglun buxiu. Ta you “qunzhong
yundong" de yimian, you you "zhengfu zhengce" de yimian. Qunzhong
yundong shi yanjiu he changyi. Zhengfu zhengce shi juece he
tuixing. Tuixing bixu yong zhengfu de liliang, yinci “xueshu
zhenglun" you jiajinle "zhengzhi zhenglun". Xueshu zhenglun
wangwang shoudao “guocui chongbai" he "tuteng mixin" de yingxiang,
bu wanquan shi liizhi de tantao. Zhengzhi zhenglun wangwang shoudao
“dangpai pianjian" he “quanli zhengduo" de yingxiang, bu wanquan shi
zhengyi de jianchi. Zheyang, fuzade wenti jiu gengjia fuza le.
Xianzai, shijie xingshi quxiang hejie, duikang daizhiyi duihua.
Dalu he Taiwan dui xueshu wenti, sihu zengjiale gongtong tantao de
kenengxing. Yuwenjie xiwang yijiu de yuwen guifan tongyi wenti,
ruguo neng zai bu tai jiu de mingtian, you youguan ge fangmian
gongtong yanjiu, tichu yi ge ke gong caaize de jianyi, na jiangshi
dui ge fangmian dou you haochu de shiqing. Qishi, zhiyao “zhengzhi
jiangwen, xueshu zengwen", "ganqing jiangwen, lizhi zengwen", wenti
shi bunan jiejue de.
Zhongguo de yuwen xiandaihua, hai guanxi dao shiiyong hanzi de
qita guojia he diqu, liru Singapore, Riben, Hanguo, Hong Kong, Ou-
6
NEW
C H IN A
N o. 10
(1 9 8 9 )
Mei jiaoxue Hanyu de daxue deng. Yuwen xiandaihua bujin shi Zhongguo
de xuyao, ye shi xuduo guojia he diqu de xuyao. Dangran, ge ge
guojia huo diqu you gezi de wenti, bingfei wanquan xiangtong.
Riben Mingzhi Weixin yihou, kaishi yuwen xiandaihua yundong,
neirong gen Zhongguo jiben xiangtong. Riben ye you "Xunling Shi"
Luomazi he "Heiben Shi” Luomazi de maodun, leisi Zhongguo you
"Weituoma Shi", Guoyu Luomazi, Hanyu Pinyin Fang'an de fenbie.
Riben de "changyong hanzi biao" baohan 1945 ge hanzi, qizhong you
jianhuazi 225 ge, gen Zhongguo daiu xiangtong he xiangsi de 85 ge.
Zhong-Ri jianhuazi shifou yiding yao ge bu xiangtong ne? Ru neng
kuoda gongtong yanjiu de fanwei, shii "hanzi wenhua quan" de guojia
he diqu, jianshao fenqi, zengjia gongtong, na jiang shi geng da de
lishi gongji.
"Yuyan qiu tong, wenzi shang Long."
Ba
yuwen xiandaihua tuijin
yibu, ci qi shi yi.
Yuanzai Hong Kong (Yuwen Jianshe Tongxun)
1989 man 3 yue di-23 qi
X IN
TANG
D I-1 0 Q I
7
(1 9 8 9 )
Yinggai Jin xin g
Hanzi Pinyinhua Shiyan
Chen
Enqpaan
I. Hanzi Pinyinhua he Puji Puton^iua You Shenme Guanxi?
Jinxing
jiaoxue
Hanzi
zong
putonghua
bu
pinyinhua
mubiao
puji,
zhi
shiyan,
yi.
Hanzi
shi
Buguo,
pinyinhua
Hanyu
you
jiu
pinyin
ren
wufa
shuo,
shixian;
muqian jiu kaishi jinxing Hanzi pinyinhua shiyan, tiaojian
haishi
bu
chengshu.
Women
yiwei
zhe
zhong
shuofa
bu
zhengque.
Hanzi pinyinhua bixu yi putonghua wei
jianglai
pinyin Hanzi
pinxie
de
jichu,
yinwei
duixiang shi putonghua,
cir dingxinghua de yiju ye shi putonghua.
Cong zhege yiyi
shang shuo, putonghua bu puji, shixing pinyn Hanzi huiyou
yiding de kunnan.
Danshi, puji putonghua bingfei shixian
Hanzi pinyinhua de xianjue tiaojian, putonghua wei puji ye
bu zuyi zhengming muqian tiaojian hai bu chengshu, buneng
jinxing Hanzi pinyinhua shiyan.
Putonghua
he
Hanyu
pinyin
wenzi
de
xianghu yicun he xianghu cujin de guanxi.
guanxi,
shi
Dali tuiguang
NEW
8
C H IN A
N o . 10
(1 9 9 0 )
putonghua ye shi weile gei shixian Hanzi pinyinhua puping
daolu, er jinxing pinyinhua shiyan, ze shi wei zuihou zai
quanguo puji putonghua chuangzao biyao de tiaojian. Jiushi
shuo,
shixian Hanzi pinyinhua zhiqian,
quanguo puji shi hen nan zuodao de.
pinyinhua
shiyan,
quanguo puji.
ze
you
keneng
putonghua yao zai
Ran'er, tongguo Hanzi
shi
putongha
zaori
zai
Yinwei pinyin wenzi dui yuyan qizhe yizhong
guifan zuoyong.
Women zhidao, pinyin wenzi de tedian shi
biaoyin zhunque,
jingmi,
jiandan,
rongyi,
jiang, pinyin wenzi jiu zenme ji.
yuyan li zenme
Renmen an pinyin wenzi
nian chulai de yin, zheng shi ta suo pinxie de nage yuyan
de yuyin.
Xianran,
gongju zhiwai,
chule
zuowei
renmen
jiaoji de fuzhu
pinyin wenzi dui yuyan de yuyin hai qizhe
guifanhua de zuoyong.
Jianglai de pinyin Hanzi jiran yi
putonghua wei pinxie duixiang, jilu de jiushi putonghua de
yuyin,
cihui
shumian
he
yuyan
yufa
jiegou
xingshi.
xitong
Jiaru
--
xianxing
putonghua
de
Hanyu
de
pinyin
fang'an shi jianglai Hanyu pinyin wenzi fang'an de jichu,
name,
renhe
pinyin
fangyanqu
fang’an
de
de
ren,
zirau fayin he
zhiyao
zhangwo
pinxie
guize,
zhe
tao
jiu neng
zhengque shiyong ta, kanjian xiamian zhe ju hua: "wen'zi'
bi' xu* gaivge',
yao'
pin"yin~ fang“ xiangv
de yin lai,
zouv shi'jie'
,
wen^zi'
jiuneng zhunque wuwu de duchu ta
bingqie lijie ta de yiyi.
putonghua biaozhun yin.
gong'tong' de
Dui
Zhe “yin"
jiushi
fangyanqu de ren lai shuo,
xuexi zhe zhong pinyin wenzi, shijishang jiushi zai xuexi
putonghua.
R a n ’er,
yexu keyi zheme shuo,
zhangwo pinyin
Hanzi zhi ri, jiushi zhenzheng puji putonghua zhi shi.
Xi a n ’eryijian,
shiyan
Hanzi
pinyinhua
de
guocheng,
X IN
TANG
D I-1 0 Q I
(1 9 8 9 )
9
ye jiushi cushi Hanyu jinyibu guifanhua de guocheng.
yi,
jinxing Hanzi
pinyinhua de shiyan
Suo-
juebuneng zuodeng
putonghua de puji, zheng xiangfan, weile zaori zai quanguo
zuihou
puji
putonghua,
Hanzi
pinyinhua
de
shiyan
yao
jinzao kaishi.
2. Hanzi pinyinhua shiyan de tiaojian chengshule ma?
Shiyan pinyin
raeiyou
ne?
Hanzi
Da'an
keguanshang
de
tiaojian
yinggai
yijing
jubeile
shi
jiu.jing chengshule
kending
xuduo
dui
de,
shiyan
yinwei
youli
de
yinsu.
Di-yi,
youle
beifanghua
yige
zuowei
pinyinhua
shiyan
putonghua
de
fadingde,
putonghua,
de
jichu
jiben
fangyan,
tongyide,
zhe
shi
jinxing
tiaojian.
tong
guifanhuade
Hanzi
Beifanghua
quanguo
qita
shi
fangyan
xiangbi, ta fenbu de diyu zui guang, shiyong de renkou zui
duo.
Hanzi
pinyinhua de shiyan keyi
diqu kaizhan qilai,
shouxian zai zhege
xian xuexiao hou shehui.
Women keyi
chongfen liyong Beifanghua fangyanqu zhege youli tiaojian,
jiji jinxing shiyan.
Di-er,
fengfu
you 30 duo nian pinyin jiaoxue suo
jingyan,
Jingguo
30
duo
zhe
nian
jibenshang yijing
xiangxin,
ye
shi
de
chengwei
feichang
pinyin
youli
jiaoxue,
"shuang tui"
jilei de
de
woguo
yinsu*
xiaoxue
de jidi.
Women
zhiyao guojia xia juexin kaishi jinxing pinyin
Hanzi shiyan,
jiaqiang lingdao,
caiqu youli cuoshi,
cong
NEW
10
xiaoxue
dao
pinyin
Hanzi
C H IN A
zhongxue,
N o . 10
lianxu
shiyan,
(1 9 8 9 )
jinxing
Hanzi
pinyin
pinyinhua
jiaoxue
jiuneng
yu
qude
chenggong.
Di-san,
pinyinhua
youde
shiyan,
you shi yige
diqu
bingqie
jiqi youli
yijing
kaishi
qudele
henhaode
de yinsu.
jinxing
Hanzi
chengji.
Zhe
Zai xuduo shiyandian
zhong, Shanxi Sheng Wanrong Xian shi bijiao tuchu de yige.
Jinian qian,
tamen jiu yong (Hanyu pinyin fang1an) zuowei
pinyin Hanzi
fang’an,
zhong qu: biaoyu,
ba shiyan tuixing dao xuduo lingyu
qiangbao,
fapiao he kai yaofang deng.
jigong,
jizhang,
shenzhi kai
Bujin xuesheng he nianqingren
hui shiyong “pinyin hanzi", lian laodayeraen he laodaniangmen
ye
shiqing.
fuyou
jiben
nenggou
Cong
shenyuan
dongde.
xuexiao
de
dao
Zhe
shehui
xianshi
yiyi
shi
de
hen
zhe
he
liaobuqi
de
zhong
shiyan
lishi
yiyi.
GUMYIJ BIAODIftO BE SHDOBIKG
BIANJIBU
XIN TANG Di-10 qi caiyongle jii zhong biaodiao de fangfa, zuowei
pinyin wenzi de shiyan, xiwang ciuzhemen zhuyi:
Di-yi zhong biaodiao de fangfa: wanquan he Hanyu Pinyin Fang’an
de guiding xiangtong, ru ( Chang gei Canji Ertong de Ge > .
D i-er zhong biaodiao de fangfa: caiyong Hanyu Pinyin Fang’an de
fuhao, danshi baa biaodiao fuhao fang zai yinjie de houmian, ru:
zao v (Jf-)
si' shu ~ ( M )
Di-san zhcng biaodiao de fangfa: caiyong xiamian geng fangbian
de fuhao, zhe shi Zhang Liqing xiansheng de jianyi, iiru:
ma <M )
ma Oft)
maa (5 ,) ma &
)
X IN
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D I-1 0 Q I
11
PINY IN ZHONGWEN
X U Y A O
D IN O C IN G
LI
YUANI
Yuedu Hanyu pinyin wenzhang,
changchang hui pengdao
yiyi hunxiao buqing de tongyinci.
Zhexie juyou xiangtong
cixing de tongyinci, yingdang fenhua dingxing.
Cixing
wenzhang
yiyi
de
yingdang
zhong,
ci
duo
dingxing yihou,
he
bixu
le,
ciyi
zhijie xianglian.
tongguo
du
qilai
cai keyi
shangxiawen
jiu
shi ren
bu
Yi pian
caineng
lijie
shunchang.
Fenhua
jianjian shuxi
cixing.
Cixing shuxi le, cai buyong kao shangxiawen qu "cai".
Pie
yi yan cixing jiu zhidao ciyi, yuedu qilai cai shunchang.
Fenhua dingxing keyi liyong duozhong fangfa.
shengdiaofuhao
butong.
"yi"
"S";
wei
jiazai
butong
Biru "i" guiding wei
wei
"yi" wei
zimu shang,
*”
"$|";
ci
de
de yisi, "yi" wei
"yi" wei
"yi" wei " Zi " ; "yii" wei "
*{£ i";
Guiding
jingguo
fenhua
dingxing,
“ ifc ";
"yi"
wei
"yxi" wei " ft "; "yi"
"yi" wei "J?"; "yii" wei "^5 " dengdeng.
danyinjieci
yiyi
jiu
buhui
Ye keyi shiyong teshu fenhua fangfa.
Biru
Zhexie
zaocheng
hunxiao le.
"raai"; " | *
wei "may"; " W " wei "you"; " X "
wei "yeu"
dengdeng.
jiu buke
fenge
yibufen,
Cixing yidan guding,
le. Shengdiao
jiu xiang hanzi
*
wei
wei "iu"; " & "
zhengge cixing
fuhao chengwei
cixing
de
de shengpang yiyang ninggu zai
12
NEW
cixing l i .
C H IN A
N o . 10
(1 9 8 9 )
Hanyu pinyin wenzi cong hanyu pinyin li tuotai
chulai, he hanyu pinyin ji you lianxi, you you qubie.
jianglai,
yongyu zhuyin de hanyu pinyin,
fang kuohao
li,
yici
he
hanyu pinyn
yinggai
wenzi
Zai
fangzai
xiang
qubie.
Biru " H * de hanyu pinyin wenzi xingshi shi “may", zhuyin
wei
[raai].
Women
yinggai
jinkuai
yanjiu
taolun
wenzi tongxingci de fenhua dingxing wenti,
guding
biaozhun
cixing
de
hanyu
pinyin
hanyu
pinyin
bianchu juyou
wenzi
cidian.
Zheyang, pinyinhua gongzuo jiu keyi tuijin yi da bu.
1989-09-20
• NEWS
•
HANYU PINYIN JIAOXUE YANJIUHUI ZAI BEDING CHENGLI
Hanyu Pinyin Jiaoxue Yanjiuhui yu 1990 nian 5 yue zai Beijing
chengli.
Zhege yanjiuhui shi yige quanguoxing de minjian xueshu tuanti.
Ta de renwu shi: xuanchuan Hanyu Pinyin de zuoyong, jinxing Hanyu
Pinyin jiaoxue de shiyan he yanjiu, bianji chuban Hanyu Pinyin de
jiaocai he ge zhong duwu, peixun jiaoshi, zuzhi ge zhong xueshu
huodong dengdeng.
Zhuming de yuwen jiaoxue zhuanjia Zhang Zhigong xiansheng dang
zhege yanjiuhui de mingyu huizhang, Zhou Youguang, Wang Jun, Jiang
Zhongren, Xu Shirong, Zheng Linxi cfeng xiansheng dang zhege
yanjiuhui de guwen.
Yanjiuhui zai quanguo ge sheng-shi xuanchu lishi zucheng
lishihui, tuidong ge sheng-shi de Hanyu Pinyin jiaoxue yanjiu
gongzuo he chuban gongzuo. Zai you tiaojian de sheng-shi, hai keyi
chengli zhege yanjiuhui de fenhui.
Yanjiuhui de changshe banshichu zai Henan Sheng Yuyan Wenzi
Gongzuo Weiyuanhui Bangongshi, dizhi: ^ ^ ^
gl j£ 3*§-# ill § 1 &
IE
(«S ft
450003).
X IN
TANG
D I-1 0 Q I
(1 9 8 9 )
13
Zuo Wenzi Gaige de Cujinpai
LI
40
nian
shihou,
qian,
Mao
Zedong
gongzuo.
1958
Zhengxie
zuole
zhuxi
nian,
Hanzi,
Renmin
jiu
Zhou
“Dangqian
zhongyao baogao.
Jianhua
Zhonghua
Ping
Gongheguo
hen
zhongshi
Enlai
Wenzi
wenzi
zongli
Gaige
de
chengli
zai
gaige
Quanguo
Renwu'
zhe
tuiguang
putonghua,
zhiding
he
tuixing
Zhe yi nian 2 yue, Quanguo Renmin
Daibiao Dahui pizhun gongbule “Hanyu Pinyin Fang'an."
lai,
danshi
wenzi
hai
gaige
cunzai
gongzuo
yixie
yinci
you
xuduo
bushao wujie."
ren
40
qudele xianzhude chengji,
wenti. Zhuyao
Zhou Enlai tongzhi suoshuo:
cha,
yi
Ta tichu wenzi gaige de san xiang renwu:
Hanyu Pinyin Fang'an.
nian
de
de wenti
zhengru
“Xuanchuan gongzuo zuode hen
hai
bu
liaojie,
shenzhi
you
Pubian de wujie shi "jinxing wenzi gaige
jiushi yao feichu Hanzi."
Women Dang he zhengfu de wen-gai zhengce zhong meiyou
feichu Hanzi
de
guiding.
Hanzi
zuowei
shuxie
Hanyu
de
gongju jiang yongyuan cunzai. Hanyu Pinyin de tuixing shi
bangzhu Hanzi,
buchong Hanzi,
chuandi xinxi.
Hanzi shi zhengshi wenzi, Hanyu Pinyin shi
fuzhude
wenzi
Weiyuanhui
gongju.
meiyou
lingwai
zai xiandaihua jishu zhong
Guojia
zhiding
Yuyan
“Hanyu
Wenzi
Gongzuo
Pinyin
Wenzi
Fang'an" de renwu.
Women
guojia
fading de Hanyu
Pinyin Fang'an yijing
dedao Lianheguo he shijieshang hen duo guojia de chengren,
NEW
14
zuowei
zai
gezhong
C H IN A
N o . 10
Lading
(1 9 8 9 )
wenzi
zhong
zhuanxie
pinxie
Zhongguo renming, diming he ciyu de guoji biaozhun.
Zhege
fang'an
juedui bu hui
qingyi
genggai.
Renmen
jiang cong Hanyu Pinyin kandao Zhongguo wenzi weilai de
yangshi.
Women yao zai shiiyong Hanzi de tongshi, tuixing
Hanyu Pinyin, ba wenzi gongzuo xiaolti cong feichang luohou
tigao dao xiandaihua shuiping,
wancheng Hanzi buneng huo
buhao wancheng de gongzuo, liru dazi he yi dazi wei jichu
de tongxun, paiban, qingbao jiansuo (baokuo wenzi pailie),
xinxi chuli, yiji qiyu, yinxiang tongxin,
dengguang tong-
xin, shouzhi tongxin, mangwen, dengdeng, kaichuang bingqie
kuoda
yige
Lingwai,
Hanyu
yao
zai
Pinyin gen
Hanzi
shehui wenhua
shiiyong Hanyu Pinyin,
bingxing
shenghuo
de
jumian.
zhongguangfan
liru, tichang shaonian ertong yong
hanyu pinyin xie riji, xie xinde tihui, huo huxiang tong­
xin; tichang an Hanyu Pinyin zimu shunxu pailie qinyou de
xingming zhuzhi he dianhua; you liru, gei baokan shang de
nanzi,
lumingpai,
mingpai zhuyin;
youzheng
shangbiao,
haiyou,
bianmabu,
shangdian he
zai cishu,
tongji,
dang'an,
jiguan
gongjushu,
ziliao
danwei
dianhuabu,
suoyin
deng
pailie fangmian fahui Hanyu Pinyin zimu dutede gaoxiaolii
zuoyong deng.
Hu
Qiaomu
tongzhi
cengjing
jianyi
zai
Hanzi
zhong
jiayong shaoliang de Pinyin, cong gantanci kaishi, shiide
Pinyin zai shehui shang you yige hefade diwei.
waiguo renming,
You yixie
diming ye keyi yong Pinyin daiti.
Pinyin
he Hanzi, yige fangshi shi ''jiayong", yige fangshi shi
"bingcun bingxing", zhe shi women de yijian he xiwang.
(1 9 8 9 - 0 9 - 2 6 )
X IN
TANG
D I-1 0 Q I
(1 9 8 9 )
15
WU YUZHANG HE HANYU PINYIN
L inxi
Quan Zhongguo hao jii qlanwan ertong, yi kuajin xiaoxue d menr, jiu
dei xian xuexi Hanyu pinyin, bang tamen shizi dushu. Xuehuile Hanyu pin­
yin, gou yong yibeiz de le. Xiaoxue li cha “Xinhua Zidian", zhongxue li
cha “Xiandai Hanyu Cidian"; jiushi jinle daxue, dao shehui shang gongzuo,
ye dou yongdezhao. Name, zhe yi tao Hanyu pinyin fang'an, shi zai shenme
shihou, zhuyao you shei gao qilai d ne?
Zhuyao shi Wu Yuzhang laoyeye lingzhe yi banzi yuwen zhuanjia, zai
50 niandai chuangzhi chulai, ranhou you Guowuyuan gongbu, Quanguo Renmin
Daibiao Dahui pizhun tuixing d.
Wu Yuzhang tongzhi shengyu 1878 nian. Ta zai sTshti li ren d shi Han­
zi, du d shi "wuujmg" "sishu", kunnan ke duozhe ne! Biru: “sishu" zhi
yi d "Lunyu" li, you yi ju, “Zii yue: ‘Xue er shi xi zhi, bu yi yue hu?'
”
Zhege "yue" zir, gushu shang d Hanzi
que yineheng shuohua d "shuo(ift Y zir. Qingchao monian na shihou, meiyou
renhe pinyin gongju, zhikao laoshi yong fangyin chuanshou. Ni shuo nan bu
nan? Cong shaonian shiqi qii, Hanzi d nanxue nanyong, jiu zai Wu Yuzhang
naoz li liuxiale shenked yinxiang.
Wu Yuzhang canjiale Xin-hai geming, Beifa zhanzheng, zuowei Gongchandangyuan canyu lingdaole 8.1 Nanchang qiyi. Dageming shibai yihou,
feng Dang d mingling laidao Moskov(Mosike). Bi ta zaodao nali d Dang d
lingdaoren zhi yi Qu Qiubai tongzhi huanying ta shuo: "Hao wa, Yuzhang
tongzhi, ni ye lai la! Anzhao Lenin(Liening)d zhishi, Solian(Sulian)
xianzai zhengzai gei jingnei ge dongfang minzu chuangzhi Latinhua(Lading-
16
NEW
C H IN A
N o. 10
(1 9 8 9 )
hua) pinyin wenzi; women ye led gei Zhongguoren yanjiu yi tao pinyin d xin
wenzi ba!”
"Hao wa! Wo ye zheng xiang yanjiu zhege wenti ne. Guonei Zhao Yuanren deng gaole yi tao Guoyu Romazi(Luomazi). Tai nanxue la! Rang women
lai chuangzao yi tao gongren nongmin rongyi xuehui d Latinhua xin wenzi
ba!" Wu Yuzhang gaoxingdi huida shuo.
Jiu cong 1928 na yi nian qi, Wu Yuzhang tong Qu Qiubai, Lin Boqu,
Xiao San ji wei tongzhi yikuair taolunle Latinhuad pinyin wenzi fang'an.
1930 nian 5 yue, Qu Qiubai huiguo le, Wu Yuzhang tongzhi jiu daitour jixu
yanjiu, zuihou zhidingle "Beifanghua Latinhua Xin Wenzi Fang’an", 1931
nian 9 yue you Zhongguo gongren zhaokai d Zhongguo Xin Wenzi Di-1 ci
Daibiao Dahui tongguo. Wu Yuzhang qinzi bianxie xin wenzi keben he cidian,
peixun jiaoshi, jiaohuile chengqian-shangwan d Huaqiao gongren shizi dushu. Wu Yuzhang tongzhi d. Zhongguo xuezhe yixin-yiyi yao ba zhe zhong
pinyin wenzi zaocheng "zhenzheng tongsuhua, laodong dazhonghua", suoyi
tebie zhuyi zaode kexue heli, jiandan haoxue. 1933 nian chuandao Shanghai
yihou, like shoudao Lu Xun, Guo Moruo d. d rexin zhichi, quanguo d xuesheng gongren dou lai jiji xuexi. 3-5 nianjian, jiu zai guonei he haiwai
xingchengle yige tuixing Latinhua xin wenzi yundong d reehao.
Kang-Ri zhanzheng kaishi hou, Wu Yuzhang huiguo canjia kangzhan.
1939~ 1949 nian, zai Yan’an he jii ge jiefangqu, dou cengjing yong La­
tinhua xin wenzi led bangzhu shizi, saochu wenmang. 1941 nian 2 yue,
Wu lao yijing nianguo 60, haishi tiantian qizhe maolyur derbo derbo di
cong Yan’an beijiao dao nanguan, gei Xin Wenzi Ganbu Xuexiao d xueyuanmen shangke. Zhe zhong shigan d jingshen, shizai ling ren qinpei. Gang
jiefang bujiu, 1949 nian 5 yue 28 ri, Wu lao jiu xiexin gei Mao zhuxi,
tichu yanjiu he chuangzhi Hanyu pinyin zimu wenti. Mao zhuxi ba xin jiao
gei dangshi fuze wenhua jiaoyu gongzuo d Guo Moruo d. 3 wei xuezhe yan­
jiu yihou, like xie huixin gei Wu lao, biaoshi zantong chengli yige jigou
XIN TANG
DI-10 QI
1989
zhuanmen iai yanjiu wenzi gaige. Wu Yuzhang lingdao Zhongguo Wenzi Gaige
Weiyuanhui d yuyan wenzi zhuanjiamen, huale ji nian d gongfu, yanjiuchu
yi tao Hanyu Pinyin Fang’an, 1958 nian 2 yue, you Quanguo
Renmin
Daibiao Dahui tongguo, zai quanguo tuixing. Zhege pinyin fang’an pinfa
heii, jiandan rongyi, 30 duo nian led, bangzhu hao jii wanwan ren shizi
dushu, xuehui putonghua, yongchu hen da.
Keshi, jieyong shijie tongxing d Latin zimu, lai zhizuo pinxie Hanyu
putonghua d pinyin fang’an, ye bushi name yi-fan- fengshun d. Shouxian,
youren shuo zhe bu aiguo. Wu lao huida tamen shuo: "Latin zimu shi xianzai shijie shang 60 duo ge guojia gongtong shiiyong d zimu", "Yong zhe
tao Hanyu pinyin zimu pinxie chuiai d zhengshi didaod Hanyu-----yi Beijing
yuyin wei biaozhunyin d putonghua. Ta sihao buhui sunhai women minzu
yuyan d chunjie, yinci, ye jiu buhui gen zhengdangd aiguo ganqing you
renhe dichu, zhe shi shifen mingbaid daoli." Mao zhuxi ye hen zhichi Wu
lao d zhuzhang. Ta shuo: “Latin zimu chuzai Roma nage difang, wei shijie
daduoshu guojia suo caiyong. Women yong yixia,shi-fou jiu dayou maiguo
xianyi ne? Wo kan bujiande.Fanshi waiguo d hao dongxi, dui women youyong d dongxi, women jiushi yao xue, jiushi yao tongtong naguoiai, bingqie jiayi xiaohua, biancheng ziji d dongxi."
Hai you ren wen Wu lao,
haohaod Hanzi, yongle jii qian nian le, hebi yao gaige ne? Wo qinzi
tingjian Wu lao zai yi ci huiyi shang huida shuo: “Wo yijing shi 80 sui d
ren la, Hanzi zai nan ye nan budao wo le. Danshi weile gong-nong qun­
zhong, weile shaonian ertong, weile women d zisun houdai, women zhe yidai
yiding yao ba Hanzi gaige hao!" Dangshi, Guo Moruo ye zaichang, zhan
qilai shuo: "Wu lao d hua gandongde wo yanlei dou yao diao xialai la!"
Shaonian pengyoumen, weile yongyuan jinan Wu lao, rang women ba
Hanyu pinyin xuede jingtong, yongde shulian; zuo biji, xie riji, daochu
yingyong ba!
1989 n. 9 y. 18 r. zai Beijing xie d
18
NEW
C H IN A
N o. 10
(1 9 8 9 )
Zenme Gei Hanyu Pinyin Biaodiao?
Zhang Liqing
Zenme gei Hanyu Pinyin biaodiao hai shi yi ge meiyou
jiejue de wenti. Guanxin Hanyu Pinyin de ren yijing tichu hen
duo biaodiaofa, ye you zhuzhang wanquan bu biaodiao de. Wo ziji
juede duiyu yijing hui shuo Putonghua de ren, biao bubiao diao
shi bu neme zhongyao de. Buguo biaodiao keyi bangzhu chuli
tongyinci, tebie shi zhuanyou m ingci'suoyi wo ye tichu yi ge
zenme gei Hanyu Pinyin biaodiao de banfa. - ^
ye
\ ^ j: v
Yiban biaodiaofa dazhi fencheng liang lei. Yi lei shi yong
biaodiao fuhao " “ / v N " huozhe 1, 2, 3, 4. Hai you yi lei shi
yong zimu. Wo juede keyi ba zhexie butong de fangfa hebing
qilai. Women keyi yong " ** " biaoshi di-yi sheng, " x " biaoshi
di-er sheng, chongfu yunmu (ye jiushi muyin huozhe yuanyin)
biaoshi di-san sheng, di-si he qingsheng bu biaodiao.
Zui changyong de qingshengci keyi guding xialai: "Yizi",
"zhuozi" dengdeng xiecheng "yiz", "zhuoz". "Le" xiecheng "I",
bifangshuo "Ta lai I", "Xiayu I". "De" xiecheng "d", bifangshuo "Wo
d shu". "Ge" xiecheng "g", bifangshuo "yi g xuesheng". "-men" ye
keyi xiecheng "-mn", bifangshuo "pengyoumn". Qita qingshengci
keyi biaochu yuanlai de shengdiao, miande gen bu biaodiao de
di-si sheng hunxiao.
4 <=> I rp.
Xiamian shi yong zhe ge biaodiaofa xie de yi pian duanwen
X IN
TANG
D I-IO
QI
(1 9 8 9 )
.
19
.
Aidehua shi Swarthmore Daxue si-nianji d xuesheng. Ta
jTnnian 6yue biye. Ta cong qunian qiutian kaishii xuexi
Zhongwen. Ta d laaoshT shi Zhongguoren. Zhe g laaoshT heen
zhuyi xuesheng shuohua d nengli. Ta xian jiao xuesheng Hanyuu
PTnyTn, zai jiao tamn Hanzi.
Kaishii d shihou, ban shang d tongxue dou jued
Zhongguohua he Hanyuu PTnyTn dou heen jiaandan, Hanzi yee bu
nan. Keeshi houlai Hanzi yuelai yue duo, yuufaa yee yuelai yue
nan, dajia kaishii jued Zhongwen bu neme haao xue I. Zui
zaogao d shiqing shi, laaoshT shuo yiihou budan Hanzi hui
yuelai yue duo, erqiee xuehui I Hanzi buyiding jiu hui shuo
Hanyuu huozhee kan Hanyuu. Ruguoo yao yong Hanzi kan Hanyuu,
bixu xian xuehui Hanyuu; huan ju hua shuo, deei xian zhaangwo
Hanyuu d cihui he yuufaa cai neng kan. Yao xuehui shuo Hanyuu,
jiu deei changchang ti'ng luy'in, changchang lianxi.
Xianzai Aidehua zhi'dao Zhongwen yue xue yue nan I. Ta dui
pengyoou shuo, "Guaibude dajia dou shuo Zhongwen shi zui nan
xue d yuuyan ke!"
Shijie shang de diannao he Ouzhou de daziji dou you " ** " he " / "
zhe liang ge fuhao, suoyi yong zhe liang ge fuhao biaodiao jiu bubi
chongxin sheji diannao huozhe daziji de jianpan, yong zhexie shebei
xie Hanyu Pinyin jiu keyi quanbu jixiehua. Yong " ” " biaoshi di-yi
sheng geng hao. Danshi muqian hen duo yuci chuliji mei you " “ ",
zhihao zanshi yong " "
Ba ”le" xiecheng "I" ye hen bu lixiang.
Zhe zhi shi yi ge xiangfa. Qing dajia ti yijian.
♦
20
NEW
C H IN A
Yazhou Xiang
N o.
10
(1 9 8 9 )
Feizhou Xiang
Xiang shi ludi zuida de dongwu, ye shi shijie shang yangzi zui qiguai d dongwu zhi yi,
yinwei tamen you hen chang d bizi, hen da d erduo he qiaozai waitou d da yachi. Xiang you
iiang zhong -- Feizhou xiang he Yazhou xiang (ye jiao Yindu xiang). Zhe liang zhong xiang
xiangdang rongyi qubie.
Elephants are the largest of all land animals. And they are among the
strangest looking animals in the world, with their long trunks, big ears and
pointed tusks. There are two kinds of elephants — African elephants and Asiatic
(or Indian) elephants. It is rather easy to tell one kind from another.
X IN
TANG
D I-1 0 Q I
(1 9 8 9 )
-
21
•
Yazhou xiang d erduo bi Feizhou xiang d xiao. Tamen d etou hen gao, bingqie shangmiar
you liang ge xiangdang da d "bao". Yazhou xiang d bei zhongjian ye gu qilai; pingchang zhi
you gong xiang you ya. Ni neng cong shangmian d tuhua kanchu Yazhou xiang he Feizhou
xiang d butong difang ma?
Asiatic elephants have smaller ears than African elephants. They have a high
forehead with two rather large "bumps" on it. The back of an Asiatic elephant
bends up in the middle, and usually only the males have tusks. Can you tell the
differences between the Asiatic and African elephants from the pictures above?
Ni xiang guo ma?
Wei shenme xiang d ya he erduo dou zemeda, bizi zeme chang?
Have you ever wondered why elephants have such big teeth and ears and such
long trunks?
Ni yexu hui chijing. Yuaniai da yachi neng bangzhu xiang zhao dongxi chi. Xiang keyi
yong ya pao di zhao shugen chi; ye keyi yong ya pikai shupi, nachu libian d nun mutou. Que
shui d shihou, xiang ya keyi zuanjin gan hechuang d xiabian, ba shui tao chulai.
The answers may surprise you. Big tusks help elephants find food. An
elephant can plow up the ground with its tusks to find roots to eat. Or it can pry
open tree trunks to get the soft wood inside. When water is scarce, the tusks can
drill into dry river beds and dig up water.
Da re tian, xiang
d da erduo neng rang xiang baochi liangkuai. Weishenme? Yinwei xian
d xueguan ba xiang shenti li d xueye dou shusong dao erduo nar. Xiang juede re d shihou, jii
ba erduo dakai iai shan. Zhe rang erduo he jingguo erduo d xueye bian liang. Liang xueye be
songhui shenti, rang shenti ye jiangdi wendu.
Large ears help elephants to keep cool on
from an elephant's body is carried through its
the body is warm, the elephant flaps its ears.
flowing through them. The cooled blood is then
it off.
hot days. Why? Because the blood
ears by many blood vessels. When
This cools the ears and the blood
carried back to the body and cools
22
NEW
C H IN A
N o. 10
(1 9 8 9 )
Xiang d chang biiiang ba ta d bizi he shang zuichun iianzai yiqi. Xiang budan keyi yong bizi wen
dongxi, hai keyi yong bizi zhua dongxi, Xiang xuyao hen duo shiwu. Chang bizi bangzhu tamen
dedao yixie mei you chang bizi jiu de budao d shiwu.
The trunk of an elephant combines the nose and upper lip of the animal. Not
only can the elephant use its trunk to smell but also can use it to grab things.
Elephants need plenty of food. Trunks help then to get food that would otherwise
be out of reach.
X IN
L i
§
§
§
H un
(Li Hun
gushi.
§
TANG
D I-1 0 Q I
Ji
Ji
(1 9 8 9 )
23
(f llj zi& ig }
> Xuanzi
Tangdai
chuanqi
ZuozheChen' Xuan' you' (B& £ ft )
§
§
§
shi
§
§ Tangchao Da vlinianjian (766-779) de ren,
§
§shengping shi'ji" bu
qingchu. (Li Hun Ji>
§
§
§
shi
i
pian
§
§
§
zuopin, ta
§§
§
. shx
.
X iam ian
fuyou
zai
langmanzhuyi
Zhongguo
chanshengguo bijiao
§
wenxueshi
da
zh e p ia n
Wu Zetian dang
§
§
§
de
shang
§
§
§
deyingxiang.
de b a ih u a §§
§
§
z u o p in
y iw e n .
Tangchao
secai
§
§
§
huangdi
de
Tiansh6u 3 nian
(gongyuan 692 nian), Qinghe difang you yige raingzi jiaozuo
Zhang
Yi
Hengyang)
de ren,
yinwei zai Hengzhou
(xianzai de Hunan
jiu baa
nali
zuoguan,
xingqing gupi,
jia bandao
Ta
xihuan youjing , hen shao zhixin pengyou.
Ziji nieiyou erzi, zhi you liang ge niier.
jiu siqu le,
qu zhu.
Da niier hen zao
xiao niier raingzi jiao Qianniang , sheng de
duanzhuang raeili, meiyou ren bii de shang taa.
Zhang Yi
jiaozuo
you
ge waisheng,
Wang Zhou , congxiao
you feichang junxiu.
shi
Shanxi
feichang
Taiyuan
congming,
ren,
rongraao
Zhang Yi hen qizhong ta, changchang
shuo: "Wo jianglai iding yao baa Qianniang jia gei ta zuo
qizi."
Liang
ge
haizi
tingdao
yihou,
gezi
dou
youle
xinyi. Dengdao zhangda le, bici anzhong xiang'ai, shenzhi
NEW
24
zai
shuimeng
li
ye
C H IN A
N o . 10
huxiang
(1 9 8 9 )
sinian,
danshi
jialiren
que
wei
zhunbei
dao
qingqiu
Zhang Yi
baa
meiyou ige juecha chulai.
Buliao
Zhang
Yi
Li Bu 11] houxuan
shouxia
zuoguan
Qianniang jia gei ta.
shuoguo
de
hua,
bu le.
yi
de ren,
Zhang YI jingran wangle ziji guoqu
dayingle
tingdao zhege xiaoxi
you
zhe
men
qinshi.
feichang beishang,
Qianniang
zhengtian menmen
Wang Zhou ye gandao fenhen buman.
You i tian, Wang Zhou jiekou shuo yao dao Jingcheng
li
qu
canjia
Zhang Yi
liao,
kaoshi,
daying.
zhihao
Wang .Zhou
hao
dedao
Zhang Yi
songgei
huaizhe
iguan-banzhi ,
zaisan quanshuo
ta xuduo
lufei,
raanqiang beifen,
rang
ye
zulan bu
ta
cibieli
qingqiu
dongshen.
songxing
de
ren, kaichuan chufa le.
Tian hei de shihou,
chuan hangxing dao l£ chengjiao
jiili yuan de ichu difang tingle xialai.
Wang Zhou xinli
you shir,
jiao.
izhi
dao banye hai
shuibuzhao
Huran,
tingdao you ren jimang ganlu de jiaobusheng, bu ihuir jiu
daole chuan de genqian.
shi
shui,
que
shi
Wang Zhou gang yao qishen qu wen
Qianniang
guangzhe
jiao
tubu
gandao
zheli lai le.
Wang Zhou you jing you xi,. haoxiang fafeng
shide,
taa
lazhe
Qianniang
kuzhe
sinianzhe n i .
de
shuo:
shou,
"Ni
wen
taa
zheyang
cong
ai
wo,
naar
wo
ye
lai.
riye
Fuqin yao qiangpo baa wo jia gei bieren, wo
zhidao ni dui wo ipian shenqing, bu hui gaibian, suoyi wo
weili
baoda
nide
aiqing,
touben dao nide shenbian."
gaoxing
de tiaole
qilai.
cai
maozhe
shengming
weixian,
Wang Zhou xichu-wangwai,
Yushi,
chuan li, lianye kaichuan taozou.
baa Qianniang cang zai
Tamen jiabei ganlu,
X IN
TANG
D I-1 0 Q I
(1 9 8 9 )
25
jingguo jiige yue de benbo, zhongyu laidaole Sichuan.
Qianniang
he
Wang
Zhou
zai
iqi
shenghuole
5 nian,
shengle liangge erzi, he Zhang Yi duanle yinxin. Qianniang
feichang sinian furau.
shuo:
"Wo
shenqing,
ni.
congqian
You i tian, taa kuzhe dui Wang Zhou
bu
renxin
gufu
cai bunengbu beiqi llyi
ni
dui
wo
de
ailian
daode sizi lai touben
Dao jintian yijing 5 nian guoau le, bu neng he fumu
jianmian, wo hai you shenine raianmu huo zai renshijian a!"
Wang Zhou hen tongqing taa,
women itong huiqu ba."
shuodao: "Ni buyao shangxin,
Yushi, Wang Zhou he Qianniang iqi
hui daole Hengzhou.
Daoda
Zhang
Yi
Hengzhou
jiali
yihou,
gaosu
Wang
taraen
Zhou
huilai
ige
de
ren
xian
xiaoxi,
dao
bingqie
qingqiu Zhang Yi yuanliang taraen sizi jiehun de shiqing.
Zhang Yi i ting,
shifen
jingqi de shuo:
"Qianniang izhi
bingzai taade fang li yijing you haojii nian le, ni zenme
lai hushuobadao a?"
Zhang Yi tingle dachi yijing,
jimang
pai ren qu chakan, Qianniang guoran zai chuan shang,
heyan-yuese
de
xiang lairen
laorenjia dou hao raa?"
qile
Qianniang
tingdao
chuang,
shuzhuang
xiaozhe
bu
shuohua.
zai
iqi
le,
"Wo
furau
Zhengzai fang li haibing de na
zhege
jingran
huanshang
zouchu
men
qu
chengle shuangcengde yifu.
you
yifu
meiyou
gaoxing
yifu,
de
zhi shi
yingjie
Liang ren i jianmian,
zhii
shir hen bu zhengchang,
xiaoxi,
daaban,
Ziji
zhong na wei Qianniang.
helong
shuo:
Jiaren wanfen jingqi, gankuai pao
huiqu baogao gei Zhang Yi.
wei
daating
hai
chuan
like jiu
fazi
helong,
Zhangjia de ren juede zhejian
yinmanzhe bu rang chuanle chuqu,
zhiiyou Zhangjia de ixie qinqi yinyin-yueyue zhidao zhe
26
NEW
C H IN A
N o. 10
(1 9 8 9 )
jian shir.
Cong zhe yihou you guole 40 nian, Wang Zhou fuqilia
dou qushi le.
Tamen sheng de liang ge erzi,
dou
yi
xiaolian12 1 de zige kaozhongle jxnshx131, zuoguan zuodao
xianch^ng *4 1 , xianwei1s1 .
Chen Xuanyou nianqing de shihou,
jingchang tingdao
zhege chuanshuo, danshi qingjie duo you butong, ye you ren
shuo meiyou zheme ihui shir.
Tangchao Daizong huangdi de
Dali monian (gongyuan 779 nian), Xuanyou yudao Laiwu Xian
de zhxxian 161 Zhang Zhonggux,
quanbu jingguo.
shuole
zhe jian shir de
Zhang Zhonggui de tangshufu jiu shi Zhang
Yi, suoyi ta baa zhe jian shir jiang de feichang xiangxi,
wanzheng, zhege gushi jiushi genju zhege jilu xialai de.
[1]
Li Bu
(^oi>):
sheng-jiang , kaocha,
[2] xiaolian
zhangguan
quanguo
guanyuan
de
ren-mian ,
diaodong dd. de zhengfu buaen.
: Mingchao shihou baa "juren" jiaozuo "xiao­
lian
[3]
jinshi,
j inshi
(i£dr):
jingguo kaoshi,
kaozhongle
de keyi
dangle jinshi jiu keyi dangguan.
[4] xiancheng
15] xianwei
[6]
juren
zhixian
{!!■$): xianzhang de fuzhu guanyuan.
(JUsf): xian li zhangguan junshi de guanyuan.
xianzhang.
zuo
X IN
TANG
D I-1 0 Q I
(1 9 8 9 )
27
Wang Sanguniang
(I5M)
X u an zi ( R u lin W a ish i} (#| # ft
d i- 4 8 h u i. Wang Yuhui s h i i w ei
duo s u i de la o x i u c a i . Ta you s i
n iie r . Zhe i duan j ia n g de s h i t a
d i- s a n ge n iier Wang S a n g u n ia n g
zh a n g fu x u n j i e 11 ] de b e ic a n g u s h i .
£ )
60
ge
de
w ei
Wang xiansheng zoule ershi duo li daole niixu jia, kanjian niixu
guoran bingNzhongN. Yisheng zai nali kan, yongzhe yao' zong bu
jian'xiao'. Ilian guole jii tian niixu jing' buzai le. Wang Yuhui
tongkule i chang.
3ian niier ku de tianchou-dican, hou'zhe zhangfu ru'guo lians t2 ],
chulai bai' gongpo he fuqin, dao: "Fuqin zai shang, wo i ge dajiejie
sivle zhangfu, zai jia leivzhe fuqin yanghuo. Erjin wo youN si~le
zhangfu, nandao you' yao fuqin yanghuo bucheng? Fuqin shi han'shiN' 31, ye yanghuo bu lai zhe xuduo niier.'' Wang Yuhui dao: "Ni rujin
yao zenyang?" Sanguniang dao: "Wo erjin yao cibie gongpo, fuqin, ye
bianN xun' i tiao si^lu genzhe zhangfu ichu qu le!" Gongpo liang ge
tingjian zhe ju hua, jing" de lei' ru' yu~ x ia \ shuodao: "Wo er, ni
qifeng le! ZPgu" lou'yi''[ 41 shangqie tansheng, ni zenme jiang^chu
zheyang hua lai? Ni sheng shi wo jia ren, siv shi wo jia gui''. Wo
zuo gongpo de, zenme bu yanghuo ni, yao ni fuqin yanghuo? Kuai buyao
28
NEW
C H IN A
N o. 10
(1 9 8 9 )
ruci!" Sanguniang dao: "Diema ye lao le, wo zuo xifu de, bu neng
xiaoshun diema, fan leiv diema, wo xinli bu'an. Zhishi you'zhe wo dao
na tiao lu shang qu ba. Zhishi wo si'', haiyou jii tian gongfu, yaoqiu
fuqin dao jia ti muqin shuo le, qing muqin dao zheli lai, wo dangmian
i bie, zhe shi yaojin de." Wang Yuhui dao: “Qinjia, wo zixi xiangvlai, wo zhe xiaonu yao xun'jie' de zhenqie, dao ye you''zhe ta xing'
ba. Zi'gu'' xin" qu yi' nan liu'." Yin xiang' nuer dao: "Wo er, ni
ji' ruci, zhe shi qing'shi''1s ] shang liuming de shir, wo nandao fan
zulan ni? Ni jingshi zheyang zuo ba. Wo jinri jiu hui jia qu, jiao ni
muqin lai he ni zuobie."
Qinjia zaysan bu ken. Wang Yuhui zhiyi' 161, ijing laidao jiali
baa zhe hua xiang' lao r u 'ren '171 shuo le. Lao ruren dao: "Ni zende
yue lao yue dai” le! Ige nuer yao siv, ni gai quan' ta, zenme dao
jiao ta si''? Zhe shi shenme hua shuo!" Wang Yuhui dao: "Zheyang shir
nimen shi bu xiaode de." Lao ruren tingjian, tongku-liuti, lianmang
jiaole jiao'zi qu quan' nuer, dao qinjia jia qu le. Wang Yuhui zai
jia, yijiu kan shu xie zi , hou' niier de xinxi. Lao ruren quan' nuer,
naali quan' de zhuanv. Iban mei ri shu- xi'', peizhe muqin zuo, zhishi
cha' fan' quanran bu chi. Muqin he popo, zhuoshi quan'zhe, qianfangbaiji, zong bu ken chi. E' dao liu tian shang bu neng qichuang. Mu­
qin kanzhe, shangxin-canmu, tong' ru' xin- -pi"', ye jiu bing'daov le,
taile huilai zai jia shuizhe. You' guole san ri, ergeng tianqi, jii
baa huoba, jii ge ren lai daamen, bao' dao: "Sanguniang e 'le ba ri,
zai jinri wu'shi' [ 8 5 qushi le!" Lao ruren tingjian ku~sivle guoqu,
guan'xingv huilai, daku- bu zhi. Wang Yuhui zoudao chuang qianmian
shuodao: "Ni zhe laorenjia, zhenzheng shi ge dai'zi! Sannuer ta erjin
yiv shi chengle xian- le! Ni ku- ta zen de? Ta siv de hao, zhi" pa
wo jianglai bu neng xiang' ta zhe ige hao timu siv li!" Yin- yangvtian- daxiao' dao: " Si" de hao! Si~ de hao! " Daxiao'zhe zouchu
X IN
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D I-1 0 Q I
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29
fangmen qu le.
C i'ri, Yu' daxiansheng zhideo, daiing", busheng canran. Ji'
b ei'le xiang"' 91, chu''t 1° 1, san sheng"[ 1 1 1, dao lingqian qu b ai'dian'' 121. Bai'dian'guo hui' yamen, like chuan'shu- ban'bei' wenshu,
qing jing- lie' fu '' 131. Erxiansheng bangzhe ganzao wenshu, lianye
xiang'le1141 chuqu. Erxiansheng you' b ei'le li'' lai ji'dian'11 s 1.
"San xue" de ren tingjian laoshi ruci longzhong, ye jiu fenfen lai
ji'dian' de, bu'ji'qi'shu'. Guole liang ge yue shang'si- pizhun
xialai, zhi' zhuv ru' c i ' 11 s 1, menshou jian' fang_t 171. Daole ru' c i'
na ri, Yu daxiansheng yaoqing zhi"xian', baivq i'le zh i'sh i'1181, song
lie'no ru' c i'. He' xian 'tl9J shen"jin“[ 2 ° 1 dou chuan"zhe gong“fu ',
bu'xing'le song'. Dangri ru' c i' anle w ei', zhi'xian' ji', benxue
ji', Yu daxiansheng ji', he' xian' xiang"shen" ji', tong'xue' pengyou
ji', liang jia qinqi ji', liang jia benzu ji', ji'le i tian, zai Ming'
lun' Tang bai" x i'. Tong"xue'ren yao qing Wang xiansheng lai
shangzuo, shuo ta sheng zheyang hao noer, wei lu n 'ji'1211 sheng'se'.
Wang Yuhui daole ci^shi' zhuan" jue xin_shang~, c i'le bu ken lai.
Zheng'ren zai Minglun Tang chile jiu'', san le.
C i'ri Wang Yuhui dao xue'shu"1221 lai xie' Yu daxiansheng. Yu
daxiansheng, erxiansheng dou hui'zhe, liuzhe chifan. Wang Yuhui
shuoqi: "Zai jia riri kanjian lao^qi" beitong, xinxia bu ren'", yisi
yao dao waimian qu, zuo'you 't23) jiishi. You' xiang", yao zuo'you',
chufei dao Nanjing qu. Nali you ji' da de shu'fang"! 2 41, hai keyi
dou'zhe12 51 tamen ke' zhe san bu shu.".......
Wang Yuhui laorenjia, bu neng zou han'lu', shang chuan cong
Yan'zhou- ' 2 61 Xi Hu zhe i iu zou. Ilu kanzhe shuiguang shanse,
bei"dao' nuer, qiqi-huanghuang. Ilu laidao Suzhou, zhengyao huan'
chuan, xinli xiangvqi: "Wo you ige lao pengyou zhu zai Deng'wei'
Shan- , ta zui ai wo de shu. Wo hebu qu kankan ta?" Bian' baa xingli
NEW
30
C H IN A
NO. 10
(1 9 8 9 )
barTdao shan~tang' ige fandian li zhuxia, da" chuan wang Dengwei Sian.
Na hai shi Shang'zhou' 1271 shifen, zhe chuan dao wanv cai kai. Wang
Yuhui wen fandian de ren dao: "Zheli you shenme haowan de suozai?"
Fandian li de ren dao: "Zhe i shangqu, zhi^de liu-qi li lu, bianshi
Hu^qiu"12 81, zenme bu haowan!" Wang Yuhui suovle fangjian, ziji zou
chuqu. Chu~shi' jie“dao' hai zhaT', zoudao san-er lilu, jianjian kuo
le. Lupang ige chaguan, Wang Yuhui zou jinqu zuoxia chile i wan cha.
Kanjian naxie you'chuan you ji' da de, libian diaoliang-huazhu,
fen'zhe xiang- , baivzhe jiu^xi', ilu you'dao Huqiu qu. You'chuan
guole duoshao! You' you jii zhi tangke1291 chuan, bu gua' lianzi, dou
chuan_zhe ji" xian“yan' de yifu zai chuan li zuozhe chi jkT. Wang
Yuhui xinli shuodao: "Zhe Suzhou fengsu bu hao. Ige furenjia bu chu
gui'm en13 0 ] , qiyou ge jiaole chuan zai zhe he nei you'dang' zhi li!"
You' kanle ihuir, jian chuan shang ige shaonian chuan" bai de fu'ren,
ta you' xiang''qi nuer, xinli geng^ye'! 311, na relei zhi' gun'' chulai.
Wang Yuhui ren'"zhe lei' chu chaguan men, izhi wang Huqiu na tiao lu
shang qu.......
Z H U 3 IE :
[ 1] xun' jie'
(#i ^ ): jiu shehui li, funu weile biaoshi dui zhangfu
de zhongzhen, zai zhangfu sF le yihou, ziji ye genzhe qu siv, jiao zuo
“xun'jie'".
[2] ru'lian' (A5£): baa sivle de ren fangjin guancai li qu.
[3] han'shi'
± ): pinqiong de dushuren.
[4] lou'yiv {$£$&): lou'gu- he ma^yi'', biaoshi feichang weixiao de
shengwu.
[5] qing~shiv (if i ) : lishi; lishishu.
[6] zhi'yi' (jftlf*): jianchi ziji de yijian.
[7] ru'ren' (M A )’- fengjian shehui li dui fu'ren de i zhong'"
zuncheng.
X IN
TANG
D I-1 0
QI
(1 9 8 9 )
31
[8] wu"shi" (^ Bt): shang wu 1 1 dian dao xiawu 1 dian zhe duan
shijian.
[9] xiang~ (# ): joss stick.
[10] chu"
): zhi'' (paper) de dai'cheng- , mixin yongpin.
[11] san~ sheng" (H 14): niu", yang", zhu- huozhe ji", ya~, yu";
ji'dian' (£>J|) yong de gong'pin".
[12] baiNdianN (^FH): xiang' si"qu de ren biaoshi jing'yi' de i
zhong" li"jie".
[13] jing~ lie'fu ' (H£5$g): fengjian tongzhizhe yong jian' paifang
huozhe qita fangshi lai biaoyang wei zhangfu xun'jie" de funu.
[14] xiang" (# ): xiang' shangji baogao.
[15] ji'dian' (^ H ): wei si"qu de ren juxing yishi, biaoshi
daonian.
[16] zhi' zhu" ru' ci" ( ^ i A I f ) : zhi'zuoN paiwei, fangru citang
( ^ ^ , ancestral temple).
[17] jian' fang~ (H $ ): jianli paifang.
[18] zhi"shi' ^ ): juxing yishi suo yong de ge' zhong"dongxi.
[19] he" xian'
( S # ) : quan xian.
[20] shen~jin~ f t ): difang shang de shenshi he “zai xue" de ren.
[21] lun"ji' (ffc^I): fengjian daode.
[22] xue" shu"(^ W )■ zhu"guan" xue" w u'(^ %■)guanyuan de yamen.
[23] zuo'you"
( # j$): youwan, liiyou.
[24] shu~fang~ (^ tfi): jiu shehui li chuban shuji de difang.
[25] dou' (M): du“cu ', cui~cu'.
[26] Yan"zhou~ (}®#|): Zhejiang Jian'de"(^@ ) idai difang.
[27] shang'zhou' (_L H ): shangwu 9-10 dianzhong zhe duan shijian.
[28] Hu"qiu~ Gfe.fi;): Suzhou de ige mingsheng difang.
[29] tang"ke' m % ) :
funu.
[30] gui~men" ({If n ):
fengjian shehui linuzi
juzhude nei'shi'
jiao "gui~fang"", gupfang" de men jiaozuo gui~men".
[31] geng"ye' (igiig ):
ku- de shihou buneng
tongkuaichusheng.
32
NEW
C H IN A
N o . 10
(1 9 8 9 )
Lun Leifeng Ta de Daodiao
Lu
Xun
Tingshuo, Hangzhou Xi Hu shang de Lei'feng- Tav dao^diao' le,
tingshuo eryi, wo meiyou qin- jian' 11 ] . Dan wo que jian'guo wei'
dao''121 de Leifeng Ta, popolanlan de yanvying' c3 ] yu huguang-shanse
zhijian, luo' shan- de taiyang zhao'zhe zhexie si'jin '[,tl de
difang, jiu shi "Lei'feng- X i'zhao'"151, Xi Hu shi' jingv zhi i.
“Leifeng Xizhao" de zhen- jingv wo ye jianguo, bing bu jian' jia-[B1, wo
yiwei.
Ran’er iqie Xi Hu sheng'ji-171 de mingmu zhizhong, wo zhidao de zui
zao de que shi zhe Leifeng Ta. Wo de zumu cengjing changchang dui
wo shuo, Bai'she' niangniang jiu bei ya zai zhe tav dixia. You ge
jiaozuo Xuv Xian- de ren jiu'le liang tiao sh e', i qing i bai, houlai
Baishe bian' hua'zuo nuren lai bao'en, jia' gei Xu Xian le; Qing- she'
hua'zuo ya- huan'tB1, ye genzhe. I ge heshang, Fa'^hai'' chan'shi-[ 31,
dedao de chanshi, kanjian Xu Xian lianv shang you yao'qi', ----fan' taov yaoguai zuo laopo de ren, lianv shang jiu you yao- qi' de, dan zhiyou feifan de ren cai kan de chu, -----bian' jiangta cang zai Jin-shan- Si' de fa^zuo' hou, Baishe niangniang lai
xun' fu-[ 10 ] , yushi jiu “shuiv manv jin-shan"11 1 3. Wo de zumu jiang~
qilai hai yao youqu de duo, dayue shi chuyu i bu ta n 'c i'[ 121 jiaozuo
{Yi'yao- Z huan')'131 li de, dan wo, meiyou kanguo zhe bu shu,
suoyi ye bu zhidao “Xu Xian" “Fahai" jiujing shifou zheyang
X IN
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(1 9 8 9 )
33
xie. Zong’eryanzhi, Baishe niangniang zhongyu zhongMe Fahai de jice,
bei zhuang zai i ge xiaoxiao de bo"yu'tI ',] li le. Bo~yu' mai' zai di
li, shangmian hai zaoqi i zuo zhen'ya~ de ta'' lai, zhe jiu shi Leifeng
Ta. Cihou sihu shiqing hai hen duo, ru "Bai' zhuangxyuan' jp
ta''"115 J zhilei, dan wo xianzai dou wangji le.
Na shi wo weiyi de xiwang, jiu zai zhe Leifeng Ta de daodiao.
Houlai wo zhangda le, dao Hangzhou, kanjian zhe popolanlan de ta",
xin li jiu bu shufu. Houlai wo kankan shu, shuo Hangzhou ren
you' jiao zhe ta'" zuo Bao"shu- Ta''1161, qishi yinggai xie zuo
” , shi Qian' Wang' de erz zao de. Name, limian dangran meiyou
Baishe niangniang le, ran’er wo xin li rengran bu shufu, rengran xiwang
ta daodiao.
Xianzai, ta juran daodiao le, ze putian zhixia de renmin, qi'
xinxi wei' heru?
Zhe shi you shixshi' ke zhengN de. Shix dao Wu'yuex[I71 de shanjian haibin, tanting minyi qu. Fan' you tian'fu" ye"lao"[ ‘ 81, can'fu'
cun_m ang'[ 1s 1, chu'le ji" ge naosui li you dianr guixyangx 12 01 de zhiwai, ke you shui bu wei Bai niangniang baoN buping, bu guai Fahai tai
duoshi de?
Heshang ben yinggai zhi" guan" ziji nianjing. Baishe z ix m i' Xu
Xian, Xu Xian zP qu" yaoguai, he bieren you shenme xianggan ne? Ta
pian- yao fangxia jing_juanN121 ] , heng' lai zhaoshi-banfei, dayue shi
huai'zhe ji'dux ba, -----na jianzhi shi iding de.
Tingshuo, houlai Yuhuang Dadi ye jiu guaiN Fahai duoshir, yi"zhix
tu'du' sheng“lin g'12 2 1, xiang" yao naban ta le. Ta taolai taoqu, zhcxigyu tao zai xiexker li bix huoxt23), bu gan" zay chulai, dao xianzai hai
ruci. Wo duiyu Yuhuang Dadi suo zuo de shiX, fuxfei"t24) de feichang
duo, duyu zhe i jian que hen manyi, yinwei “shui" man" Jinshan” i anx,
dique yinggai you' Fahai fuze; ta shizai banx de hen bucuo de. Zhi"
34
NEW
N o . 10
C H IN A
(1 9 8 9 )
kexi wo na shi' meiyou dating zhe hua' de chu~chuX, huozhe bu zai (Yiyao
Zhuan) zhong, que shi minjian de chuanshuo ba.
Qiu~ gao- daos sh u '1251 shijie, Wuyue jian suo duo de sui pangxie,
zhu" dao tonghong zhihou, wulun qu" na i zhi, jiekai bei'ker' lai, limian jiu you huang', you gao"; tang"'261 shi c i' de, jiu you shi'liuzi"
iban xianhong de zi". Xian jiang" zhexie chi wan, ji' iding luchu i ge
yuanzhuixing de bomo, zay yong xiao dao- xiaoxin di yanzhe zhuidi qiexia, qu"chu, fanzhuan, shi" limian xiang' wai, zhiyao bu po, bian' biancheng i ge luo'han"12 71 moyang de dongxi, you tou' lian", shen~zi, shi
zuozhe de, womn nali de xiao haiz dou cheng ta "xiex heshang", jiu shi
duo" zai limian bi'nan' de Fahai.
Dangchu, Baishe niangniang ya zai ta" dixia, Fahai chanshi duo" zai
xieker li. Xianzai que zhiyou zhe wei lao chanshi duzi jingNzuoN le,
fei dao pangxie duan'zhong" de na i tian wei'zhi" chubulai. Mofei ta
zaoN ta" de shihou, jings meiyou xiangdao ta" shi zhong jiu yao dao" de
me?
Huogai.
1924 nian 10 yue 28 r i1281.
ZUUJIE:
[1]
gin ji an : qinzi kanjian.
[2]
wei d a o : aeiyou dao.
[3]
yanyi ng
[4]
si j in ( K j £ ) :
(JlSfc): bici zheyan er you huxiang chentuo.
[5] Leifeng Xizhao
sizhou,
fujin.
xizhao,
bangwan de yangguang.
Zheli zhi bangwan yangguang xia de jingse.
[6]
bing bu jian jia (JB.^): bing bu jiande
[7] shengj i
[8]
yahuan
hao.
youaing de fengjing youaei de guji.
(YM):
binii, shiinii, jiu shehui
rang
renjia shiiyong
X IN
TANG
D I-1 0 Q I
35
(1 9 8 9 )
de niihaizi.
[9] chanshi
dui heshang de zuncheng.
[10] xun f u : xunzhao zhangfu.
[11] shu! man Ji nshan: (Baishe Zhuan) limian de i duan gushir.
Yinwei Fahai baa Xu Xian cang qilai,
bu rang tamen fu-qi huimian,
Baishe niangniang jiu yong fali faqi dashui
lai yanmo Jinshan Si.
You jiao "shu! man Jinshan".
[12] t anc i ( $w l ) : minjian wenxue de i zhong, peizhe xianyueqi
yanchang de i zhong yunwen.
[13] Yiyao Zhuan
((.X.jj^'f^)): (Baishe Zhuan) lingwai de ige
mingcheng.
[14]
Boyu
( f ££ ):
gudai heshang yong de fanwan.
[15] Bai Zhuangyuan ji t a :
gushir.
(Baishe Zhuan) limian de i duan
Baishe niangniang de erzi houlai zhongle zhuangyuan,
dao
Leifeng Ta qian qu jita.
[16] Baoshu Ta
Lu Xun xiangsheng zheli xianran shi j icuo
le, Baoshu Ta shi Xi Hu de lingwai
[17] Wuyue
i zuo ta, xianzai hai cunzai.
gudai Jiangsu nanbu he Zhejiang beibu idai
difang.
[18]
tianfu y e l a o : nongfu he xiangxia de laoren.
[19]
canfu cunmang: yang can de funii he xiangcun
[20]
gui yang
shuofa,
{HH):
yuanlai shi dui bieren de bing
zheli shi zhi sixiang li you dianr maobing
yiwei) .
[21]
j ingjuan
(g#):
de jumin.
jingshu.
de
keqi
(hanyou fengci de
NEW
36
N o . 10
C H IN A
(1 9 8 9 )
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V&U-TI
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X IN
TANG
D I-1 0 Q I
(1 9 8 9 )
37
T ^ya h q qanq ku^qi/o dtptnQxiah, nai qun X'Soyu \ib kafr
slriL biaoyan. Tarn^n shouxian ba. "tamen d<2- xtaogczchanglcz yf bian, "ranhou yi *bao xiaoyu g&iLflW l g<z.
xiaoxiao ckL ya-hjBh^songyang^ b&L shushu Hai Long
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de. rbiw u. ^he tla o xtaoyu Kai xianq^c YJ ^
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*tebi£ kezhe. zahmeL Yd W im zt d^ hur /v^
l ''
WshqzX- -feichamq qaoxirq da iiS-shduld iiahazhahq.
yinou jciaoyuman ydu hacwam® g& zhonq huashi
d<L youyong duxrng. ChuMm<£i h£n ham&h, bu zhTdao M imi sKr bus hr VijThcj yong m oshu berk^i? ofch
F<z,i Jdu [ianli/oshaing l<z~ “la xTwa^g F i i Hunting
jisht der laidao zh(L qe, KaidT wanqqud, lYnqxfn ia
yu W s hqxT_ do, huMyih. ^Ta zai- panwaHa dc
sKi h^iaao gam "Ludl s’H^nghao, huxl kongdp*
38
NEW
C H IN A
N o . 10
(1 9 8 9 )
haoxisng yTjfng ifkaile- laobahtiah Id .'Ta zsoyudao l<z
sh<£nm<L rid?
la n d in g zui xiao d<L haixi Kmx.hd zhk aan xiaov/u
biaoyah y T shou chuaKtong cl<L ge*
CC
',A-''Z/ V/,
{J
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V a 'f& u tn i. -A A uo, *T™3 ^
^
5
;
XIN TANG DI-10 QI (1989)
39
*
3 !u x a t zb d qtz shihou F e i H u j)h ru w u z ljta d<z,
da yTngzi ba suoyoudc^ yu he, t&ti dou zh(i'zhul<L.
ChanggC- dc,* "frsowu d<2.>
dongxi da, y jji heyu
dd dou iJhgzht id 3- dou d&ixhu bz. Z.hr
Chdnm &L h <£ H sl ’L om q 1
chljing. Hai Long- d<z. s'ulsnu da, jiahSnl gu3i^> mei you sherr
me, shining nenq rang ta chTjTng le. Hai Lohcj husnytrig
? < z ;l -Hu d e s h i l i o U ;
d a y a kand^cjqo.faL, tam en Liang
g<z, doU bVcT zhldso dot “fang de. damfnq.^Chonrn&t
huixialngdao xai ta cKDshSng yTc^ah^ tec Ha ^iu yr-
jing 2oo 1(2/ h en duo honqhonq Lieiie
d e S(-licking, {et'chclng
yo o m m g.
NEW
40
C H IN A
N o . 10
(1 9 8 9 )
F it Hu ^isnq dajia. j i e shao xiy snud t u shi
ChO hm&i d<L bobo- T s
G sh u o ta
Chonm eL
Luo h a i cKdtan 6<l
fb y n x^Mzhao C hun-
Ta.i Hu qaosu H ai
Lohq ta Xiang ba. Chun
yv\<zJl dath ui zai Macr
guo dc jia . ChUniwcL
ymg^aC s£aL
ba
.sh u r i i a n w a n .
"Hal Long daltangiH
m <£L (d fq u is , zH<l s h -!
y
r
X.
W£tsh<z.nm<z. MJMj yb h g
m bshu boik<£r ba. xiaoxT
c.huamcyzi t i d e
cHthou^ta. li d&
z _ d m (L
kaialiL ChunmcL yT y an,
SHuo/'Wom<zh bu zhTdac,
ta. hai shu gc xu^skzn
Jr5i Ru hen bu ffciLL d
sh u S j
[a/ o jia.hv/i t'a. c^ ouc^ lJ
\jTxicz_ shtjiah guancka Ti’iao
6<L-sh^n^hu6. Wo dicing la
x ia n z a L
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kir<zn. " l a
g&n women °
V)£n Kc£d(ZL(al. Wo
yua^LaL hen xTv\J3hg
ta m<£ng K/huah wo r
/
d<L. xhi ^dxf
jih ).
X IN
TANG
D I- 1 0
QI
(1 9 8 9 )
41
de. zhiVr i^h djlsl shi qz h£n xiymU de. xiao hobZJ. ^ FaJ JbLt3 hen you LYmao
shuo., uChuhm<£L Wanc.h(£mg xu£y&. yifeu, y£xu he.r>g zai. L^l baifari^
rum ^n. t>angran 5 women xuvahg Tun h 0-Yimd.cz.
zhi'j <zp bO jiCS y<z, r\<lng
dao wbrvicn M.uoauo
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V/
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gong uj (Li. dcz, hua ckll(L hem doo dorvg>d3 \'ci h<zl(L heh
doo j i o. X ia o yum cn c.'hangl^ zuihou y i zHi gc^
jio bcti aamoL jfa 2huijia o . T a m o i Lin xo o yr<y£hj
MTmi q^iL<l yuandlnQ d<L czrx.i y f ben f 1ahyu TTnyTh
zizR X in ’J ^.g. la i bucnattg ii hu^n. tS de moshu b& ikfe
42
NEW
C H IN A
N o . 10
(1 9 8 9 )
zKd qcL
'HalaJl W angqao da, rncLL y i g cz_, pcngv/ou
(ChOnnndt h<£ jMTmI xiahQ 't'amcz-h zai.
d k o b i(£ m
^
u WahgzL yan-
//
-r
Cang buzhcJ ta A <z
_ga o x m q , yTinW<LL
XU
qcL n C -h c J n n a ^ L
d e hunshl xcanxBL
k & y ^ jD u
h ' h t.
X IN
'Tian lia n a de
S h fh o u 5
X ./
m
TANG
D I-1 0
QI
(1 9 8 9 )
43
t /j}
M
- 4 milt
N„unmet./ 1he rumi
n
HaL L oy\q h cl
d(L x h i}<£r
shuole, zayiah.
Z ^ \ (L T h c L
ia r n d n
i-U pa.dao x*2x
± {0
de
bcL
S h a iiQ W a n q
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s h a n uq +r .e-0 lI -
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•
44
•
NEW
C H IN A
N o . 10
(1 9 8 9 )
HAMAGUR
< i& *# U L >
(L X jik o u
A:
B:
A:
B:
A:
X ia n g s h e n g )
Ni zhe shuo xiangsheng de shenme shir quan dou zhidao, dui ma?
Ai, iban de shir women daoshi quan dou you ge yanjiu.
Na wo wenwen ni, hama ni kanjianguo ba?
Shui mei jianguo hama ya!
Ni shuo weishenme ta name xiao de dongwu jiaohuan chuiai de
shengyin hui name da ne?
B: Na shi yinwei ta zui da, dur da, bozi cu, jiaohuan chuiai de
shengyin biran da, wanwu dou shi ige li.
A: Wo jia de zizhilouzi ye shi zui da, dur da, bozi cu, weishenme ta
bu jiaohuan na?
B; Zizhilour shi sTwu, na shi zhuzi bian de, budan bu jiao, lian
xiang dou xiang bu liao.
A: Chui de sheng ye shi zhuzi de, zenme xiang ne?
B: Suiran shi zhuzi bian de, yinwei ta you kulong, you yanr, you
yanr de jiu xiang.
A: Wo jia shai mi de shaizi jingshi kulongyanr, zenme chui bu xiang?
B: Yinwei yuan de bian de bu xiang.
A: Xitai shang daa de luo zenme xiang a?
B: Ta bu shi zhong jian you ge qir111 ma, you qfr jiu xiang.
A: Women zuofan de guo ye you qfr, zenme bu xiang?
B: Ta shi tie de , bu xiang.
A: Miao li de zhong ye shi tie de, zenme xiang?
B: Ta shi guazhe na, "zhong xuan ze miing".
X IN
TANG
D I-1 0 Q I
(1 9 8 9 )
A: Wo jia chengtuo lao gua nar, zenme mei xiangguo?
B: Shf nian ye xiang bu liao. Sigutangr121 de bu xiang.
A: Zhadan zenme xiang a ?
B: Zhadan libian bu shi you yao ma? You yao cai xiang na.
A: Yaopu jinshi yao, zenme bu xiang?
B: Wang zuT li chi de bu xiang.
A: Paopaotang zenme xiang?
B: Yinwei ta you jiaoxing, neng xiang.
A: Jiaopixie zenme bu xiang?
B: Ta aizhe di, na xiang bu liao.
A: Sanlunchedai fangpao, zenme xiang le?
B: Na ta libian you qi ya!
A: Zanlia shuo zheme bantian, ni you qi meiyou?
B: You qi.
A: Zenme bu xiang?
B: Wo ya!
ZHU3IE:
[1] qfr
Beijing fangyan, duqir, zheli zhi tongluo he
tieguo zhongxin tuqi de bufen.
[2] sigutangr ($£ fHM ) l ): Beijing fangyan, you jiao sfguatangr
i t M JI), xingrong wuti shi shixin de.
45
46
NEW
ERSHI
C H IN A
N o . 10
(1 9 8 9 )
DE
M ENG
(S A N W E N )
- W « si Y ijir ^ Y o u x ia o de s h ih o u , Wo zhang de x ia n g ge n u h a ir .
Y u sh i hen duo r e n dou j ia o wo y a to u p i a n z i . Ye n a n g u a i,
Wo f e ic h a n g sh o u r u o , x ia o h u o r s h i d e . You a i ku b i z i , y i
j ia n m osh engren lia n d a n r m ashang b ia n de hongpupu d e , y i
zhang x ia o z u ir shenm e y e sh u o bu ch u .
Wo gan f a s h i , wo de x in g g e ju e d u i bu x ia n g g u n ia n g w a r. Na s h ih o u , wo z u i a i you yon g l e . Wu hou you y i t i a o
x ia o h e , l i b i a n de s h u i ke q in g lia n g l e , h a i you hao duo
de x ia o y u r . X ia t ia n y i d a o , women j i ge x ia o t ia o p i j i u
c h e n g le n a l i de c h a n g k e . Women gu an gzh e p ig u z a i sh a ta n
sh an g x i x i d an ao, quanran bu z h id a o h a i you h u o la la de
yan ggu an g z a i b a o w e iz h e women. Wan l e i l e , j i u t ia o d a o
q ia n ta n l i qu p a o sh a n g ge ba s h ic h e n . Na s h i , wo huran
f a x ia n s h u i b in g bu x ia n g darenm en su o sh u o de name k e p a .
Wo z h is h i ju e d e tia n k o n g hao gao hao g a o , y ix i n x ia n g da
ge t i z i pa sh a n g q u , c a i j i duo b a iy u n l a i g e i wo zuo j ia n
x ia o c h e n y i. Wo zh en d a n x in t a iy a n g shenm e sh ih o u h u i
d ia o x i a l a i , z a p o le wo de x ia o n a o d a i, na ke zao l e . Y in w ei wo x ia n g f e id a o tia n s h a n g qu, g e i y u e lia n g gugu z u o b a n . X ia o x io n g d im en x ia o wo s h i ge d a i z i . Q ichu t in g
l e , wo b ia n yao bugu y i q i e de pu sh an gq u g e i taraen m e n g lie
X IN
TANG
D I- 1 0
QI
(1 9 8 9 )
47
f a n j i . H o u la i x ig u a n l e , r e n p in g tam en qu j i a o , la n d e qu
lic a i.
W anshang s h i z u i kongbu de s h ik e . Z ai s h u i l i pao y i
p a o , z a i t a iy a n g x ia s h a i y i s h a i, x iz a o s h i j i u t u i x i a y i
cen g p i , te n g to n g n a n r e n . J in b u zh u darenm en de y i fa n
k o n g h e, wo b ia n quan zh ao l e . Z heyang y i l a i , b u j in yao
jin g s h o u ta iy a n g g u a n g de c h e n g fa , h a i d e i z a i d ish a n g g u i
l ia n g g e x i a o s h i .
Tamen sh u o x ia o h a ir yo u y on g hen
w e ix ia n , h u i y a n s i d e , b in g q ie j in g g a o sh u o , ta n g r u o z a i
qu, j i u d e i ba wo ganchu jia m e n , ra n g wo qu w ei y e la n g .
Wo h a ip a j i l e , g u o zh en m eiyou z a i qu x ia o he l e . Ke you
y i c i . Wo b u y o u z izh u de you gen x ia o x io n g d im en q u le , y i
wan ydu s h i y i g e x ia w u . Y eye x ia he dayu f a x ia n l e wo.
Wo z i z h i nanm ian a i z o u , g a n c u i bu h u i j i a qu, c a n g z a i y i
ge sh a n -d o n g l i s h u iz h a o l e .
Wo meng j ia n z i j i
d e n g sh a n g le y u e - l ia n g , y u e lia n g gugu ke x ih u a n wo l a , w ei
wo t a n q in , w ei wo zuo h a o c h i d e .
Wo f a s h i zh an gd a hou
y id in g y a o baoda t a de e n q in g . Darenm en d a a zh e huoba
z h a o d a o le wo, q ig u a i de s h i mama h a i z a i l i u y a n l e i . Wo
x ia h u a i l e , l a i z h e bu k eng h u iq u . H o u la i s h i n a in a i baa
wo b e i l e h u iq u . Wo zh on gyu m ei a i d a , y e m ei b e i ganchu
jia m e n r .
D i- e r t i a n wo b in g l e , t a n g le sa n t i a n sa n y e . Y ish e n g sh u o buyong c h i y a o , j i n g j i n g j i u h u i hao d e . Wo
f e ic h a n g g a n j i na w ei la o y e y e . Y in w ei wo z u i pa d a a zh en .
B in gh ao h o u . Wo q ia o q ia o de d u i y e y e sh u o , wo z h a n g d a le
yao z a i y u e lia n g h e wo j i a z h i j ia n x i u j i a n y i zu o d a q ia o ,
ra n g y e y e qu y u e lia n g sh an g d ia o y u . Y eye sh u o wo bu z h i
" t ia n gao d i h ou " .
Shangxue y ih o u , wo r e n s h i l e xuduo g u ren za o de z i .
NEW
48
C H IN A
N o . 10
(1 9 8 9 )
T in g l a o s h i j ia n g , you g e g u o j ia de r e n y e quguo y u e lia n g .
Wo q i j i l e , k u le y i y e . Hao q i r e n , r a n g taraen q ia n g le
x ia n . Wo zh en b&n. Wo de raeng b e i j i s u i l e .
X ia n z a i wo c a i m in g b a i, e r s h i s h i duorae y o u z h i. Wo
l i k a i l e g u x ia n g , y e y e n a in a i y e za o y i c h e n g le l ia n g d u i
h u a n g tu . Wo ch a n g ch a n g d u i x u e sh en g j ia n g , wo x ia o s h ih o u
you hen duo raeng. Taraen t i n g l e ye haha da x ia o . Wo sh u o ,
wo x ia n z a i j i a de s h i l i n g y i zuo q ia o , wo yao y on g sh ou
zh on g de b i qu gouhua renm en x i n l i n g z h i j ia n de w u cai
hong q ia o !
Wo de raeng h a i z a i y a n x u ........
199Q-O2-24
(a e ia ,
2
i£ ,
)
X IN
TANG
D I- 1 0
QI
(1 9 8 9 )
49
Mi feng Jingshen Zan
D IA O
K E
X ia o x ia o ra ifen g z h e n g tia n m an glu zh e c a i h u a fen
n ia n g z a o x ia n g t ia n de m ita n g .
Women ch an gch an g yon g m ife n g de zh e zh on g j in g s h e n
l a i x in g r o n g y ig e bu z h i p iju a n de x u e x i he gon gzu o de
ren.
D iq ue z h e g e b iy u s h i z a i q ia d a n g buguo l e . Q ing n i
kankan x ia ra ia n z h e g e t o n g j i :
Yi z h i m ife n g y a o n ia n g z a o y i g o n g jin fen gm i xuyao
c a i j i y ib a i duo wan duo hua sh an g de h u a fe n , j ia r u huacong
l i fe n g fa n g p in g ju n j u l i w ei y i g o n g li b a n , name c a i y i
g o n g jin m i, m ife n g jiu y a o f e i x i n g s is h iw u wan g o n g li,
chabuduo dengyu r a o d iq iu c h id a o s h i y i qu an .
Wo x ia n g dang n i duwan zh e duan x ia o z i l i a o , y id in g
h u i b e i x ia o x ia o m ife n g de jin g s h e n he “ zh u an gju " su o
ga n d o n g .
S h i a! Duome lin g r e n j in g p e i de j in g s h e n ya!
Women z a i w ei zu gu o x u e x i he gon gzu o z h o n g , s h i bu
s h i y e y in g g a i fa y a n g zh ezh o n g m ife n g n ia n g m i de j in g s h e n
ya!
NEW
50
C H IN A
N o . 10
(1 9 8 9 )
Chang Gei Can]i Ertong de Ge
Xiaoyuan shangkong de gezi,
Xiandongzhe jiebai de chi bang huixuan.
Ba women nanqiang de qing he ai,
Dai gei---Quan shijie de canji shaonian
!
"Liuyi" de daolai,
Zaici
jiqTle xinzhong de bolan.
Tiankong bian de gengjia zhanlan,
Yangguang bian de gengjia canlan,
Yunduo bian de gengjia jiebai— —
Zhe yiqie de yiqie,
Dou huanqlle canji ertong ---Jinse de menghuan
!
Bu xuyao geng duo de tianyan,
Zhiyao women xin tie xin,
Wulun ni wo shifou xia ngshi;
Bu xuyao geng duo de mi yu,
ZhTyao women jian ai jian,
Napa xiang ge zai tianbian
Rang wo he niaen,
Yi qi zouxiang mingtian
!
!
X IN
TANG
D I- 1 0 Q I
(1 9 8 9 )
51
Wo yao wenwfcn nlmen,
Xiang xiaoniao nayang changle ma?
Shi huar nayang xiaole ma?
Ao, meiyou
!
Weishenme?
Nimen weishenme yao cunliu wuwu de shanggan ?
Bi6 huixin,
bi§ xieqi
!
Rang women yi q T ---Yingjie
mingtian
!
Ruguo shiqi lljie he tbngqing,
Zai zhe binfen de shijie IT,
Yiqie jiang bu cunzai.
Rang women jinjin woshou.
Rang zhe fen wennuan yongbu gaibian.
Rang women yiqT qu ---yongyou mingtian!
Women zhencangzhe t6ngyang de ai.
Rang wo wei nlmen zhufu ---Zhuyuan nlmen xingfu kuaile,
Zuo shenghuo de qiangzhe!
Xiang Haidi
jiejie nayang wanqiang-buqu,
Ru Bao'er nayang chiming shijie...
Rang women zouxiang mingtian
!
Rang women yingjie mingtian
!
Rang women yongyou mingtian
!
A!
Canji ertong,
Xiwang nlmen
zki zhe chongman qing he ai de shijie zhong ----
Dou n&ng chfcngcai!
Jiangsu Sheng Sheyang Shiyan Xiaoxue
Liu
(5) ban Ge Xiaoling
52
-
NEW
C H IN A
N o . 10
(1 9 8 9 )
HUANFANG DE GUSHI
3-Jie Huanfang
' / / / -
C huanshuo z a i h en j i u hen j i u y iq ia n , co n g Luo Shu i
( x ia n z a i j ia o z u o Luo He) lim ia n fu c h u la i i z h i da w u gu i,
ta d e b e i sh a n g p a i l i e z h e xuduo x ia o yu an q u an r, b ia o s h i
1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 z h e x ie shum u. Ruguo baa z h e x ie shurau
" f a n y i” ch en g x ia n z a i to n g y o n g de A lab o (A rab ia) shurauzi,
fa n g z a i i g e z h e n g fa n g x in g l i , j i u c h e n g le x ia m ia n de
y a n g z i:
ooooooooo
4
9
2
ofo
*
Zhe j i u s h i sh u x u e sh a n g sh u o d e “ 3 - j i e h u a n fa n g " .
Suan su an k a n , h en g d e , sh u d e , d u ij ia o x ia n sh an g d e , m ei 3
ge s h u z i j i a q i l a i dou q ia h a o s h i 15! G enju Zhongguo gushu
de j i z a i , Z h on ggu oren z a i 25OO n ia n y iq ia n j i u y i j i n g
f a x i a n le z h e zh o n g 3 - j i e h u a n fa n g , z h e s h i s h i j i e sh a n g z u i
zao de i g e h u a n fa n g . Cong z h e l i k e y i k an ch u , Zhonghua
M inzu de z u x ia n s h i duome lia o b u q i!
XIN TANG DI-10 QI (1989)
53*
4-1ie Huanfang
G udai de Y in d u ren y e hen x ih u a n y a n jiu h u a n fa n g .
Y indu you xuduo shaontl z a i x io n g q ia n p e id a iz h e i g e 3 - j i e
h u a n fa n g , b aa t a d an gzuo " h u sh e n fu * . Youde r e n baa t a t i e
z a i daraen sh a n g , r e n w e i k e y i “qu x i e b i z a i" .
Z ai Y indu de i zuo sh en m iao de s h i b e i sh a n g , f a x ia n le
ig e 11 s h i j i l i u x i a l a i de 4 - j i e h u a n fa n g . Zhege h u an fan g
s h if e n q ia o ra ia o . Ta budan h en gh an g, shuhang h e d u i j i a o x ia n de m ei 4 ge s h u z i j i a q i l a i
7 12 1 14
dou dengyu 3 4 , e r q ie da z h e n g fa n g 2 13 8 11
x in g he raeige x ia o z h e n g fa n g x in g
de 4 ge j i a o , j i a q i l a i dou q ia h a o
16 3 10 5
s h i 3 4 . Bu x in , n i s h i s h i kan!
9 6 15 4
Ouzhou dao 15 s h i j i c a i cong
Zhongguo ch u a n q u le h u a n fa n g zh ezh o n g sh u xu e y o u x i.
X ia n z a i n en gou kandao de Ouzhou z u i za o de h u a n fa n g , s h i
1514 n ia n Deguo zhum ing de h u a jia D e u le r z a i ta d e rauke
d ia o b a n h u a “Youyu" l i k esh a n g de i g e 4 - j i e h u a n fa n g .
Z hege h u a n fa n g budan ju y o u shangm ian n age 4 - j i e h u an fan g
de su o y o u youqu de x in g z h i e r q ie zu o zh e hen q ia o m ia o de
baa fa x ia n z h e g e h u a n fa n g de n ia n 16 3 2 13
d a i 1514 n ia n y e fa n g d a o h u an fan g
5 10 1 1 8
lim ia n l e .
Z h u yi: 3 - j i e h u a n fa n g z h i you
9 6 7 12
i zh o n g , e r 4 - j i e h u a n fa n g k e y i
4 15 14 1
p a ic h u 880 zhong!
54
NEW
N o . 10
C H IN A
(1 9 8 9 )
5-1ie Euanfang
O uzhouren x u e d a o le h u an fan g y ih o u , d u i t a de x i ' a i
j ia n z h i d a o le fen g k u a n g de ch en g d u . Tamen h o u la i- ju s h a n g ,
dadade c h a o g u o le Zhongguo he Y in d u .
Z ai Ouzhou mou ig e c h e n g sh i de B o la n h u i d a tin g l i , pu
d ib a n de fan g zh u an quan s h i x ie de sh u m u zi. Ni ruguo z i x i
zhumo i x i a j iu h u i f a x ia n , z h e x ie s h u z i bu s h i s u ib ia n x ie
d e . Ni r e n y i x u a n ze ig e s h u z i, y i t a w ei z h o n g x in , dou
k e y i kuangchu i g e 5 - j i e h u an fan g (kan x ia m ia n de t u ) .
F a n sh i l a i canguan zh e g e B o la n h u i de r e n , zoudao d a tin g
l i , kandao zh ezh o n g s h e j i , m eiyou s h u i bu ch en gzan ta d e
q ia o m ia o !
Tongguo d ia n z i j is u a n j i de j is u a n , z h id a o 5 - j i e
h u an fan g ig o n g k e y i p a ilie c h u 2 7 5 ,3 0 5 ,2 2 4 zhong b u to n g de
x in g sh i?
1
15
24
8
17
23
7
16
5
14
20
4
13
22
6
9
1
15
24
8
17
1 15
23
7
16
5
14
23
20
4
13
22
6
20
24
8
17
7
16
5
14
4
13
22
6
3
12
21
10
19
6
20
4
13
22
18
23
20
22
4
6
3
9
18
2
11
25
9
18
2
11
25
9
18
2
11
25
X IN
TANG
D I-1 0 Q I
(1 9 8 9 )
55
8-Jie Huanfang
H uanfang de y a n j iu yu e l a i yu e j in g q ia o . Youde
h u a n fa n g , c h u le ju y o u ib a n h u an fan g de x in g z h i y iw a i, h a i
ju y o u z i j i te s h u de youqude x in g z h i.
18 s h i j i de w eid a s h u x u e jia E u le r s h e j i l e ig e 8 - j i e
h u a n fa n g , jia o z u o "mabu h u a n fa n g " . Zhege h u an fan g de
m eig e henghang h u ozh e shuhang 8 ge s h u z i j i a q i l a i dou
dengyu 260; baa da h u a n fa n g fe n c h e n g 4 g e x ia n g d en g de 4 j i e h u a n fa n g , raeige henghan g h uozhe sh u h an g 4 ge s h u z i j i a
q i l a i dou dengyu 1 3 0 .
Zui youqu de s h i , ruguo you ig e g u o j i x ia n g q i de raa,
co n g 1 k a i s h i , zou d ao 2 , zay zoudao 3 , zoudao 4, zoudao
5........ Zheyang n i k e y i y i c i z o u b ia n h u a n fa n g l i su oyou de
1
48
31
50
33
16
63
18
30
51
46
3
62
19
14
35
47
2
49
32
15
34
17
64
52
29
4
45
20
61
36
13
5
44
25
56
9
40
21
60
28
53
8
41
24
57
12
37
43
6
55
26
39
10
59
22
54
27
42
7
58
23
38
11
i
Alaba Huanfanq
56
NEW
C H IN A
N o . 10
(1 9 8 9 )
s h u z i, z u ih o u zou d ao 64 w a n b i. Y in w ei t a you zh ey a n g ig e
youqu de x in g z h i , s u o y i renm en g e i t a q u le “mabu huanfang"
z h e g e m in g z i.
Z ui l in g r e n j in g q i de s h i su p w ei de “h e - j i h u a n fa n g " .
Zhe y e s h i i g e 8 - j i e h u a n fa n g .
Ta de raeige h en gh an g,
sh u h a n g , l i a n g t i a o
d u ij ia o x ia n sh a n g de 8 g e s h u z i
de
"he" dou s h i 8 4 0 .
Z hege b usuan q ig u a i, q ig u a i de s h i ,
ta d e h en g h a n g , sh u h a n g , y i j i d u ij ia o x ia n sh an g 8 ge s h u z i
de “ ch en g j i" dou q ia q ia d engyu
2 ,0 5 8 ,0 6 8 ,2 3 1 ,8 5 6 ,0 0 0 .
Z heyangde h u a n fa n g
zh en k e y i sh u o d esh a n g “ q ia o
duo
tia n g o n g " l e !
46
81
117 102
19
60 232
175
15
76 200 203
54
69 153
78
216 161
17
52 171
90
58
75
135 114
50
87 184 189
13
68
150 261
45
38
136
92
27
23 174 225
57
30
119 104 108
116
39
91
51
26 162 207
34 138 243 100
29 105 152
25 133 120
He-ji Huanfang
X IN
TANG
D I-1 0 Q I
(1 9 8 9 )
57
6-1iao Huanfang
Shangm ian sh u od ao de h u a n fa n g , dou s h i z h e n g fa n g x in g
d e . You m eiyou l i u j i a o x i n g de h u an fan g ne? Zher you i
duan fe ic h a n g youqu de g u s h ir .
You i g e ra in g zi jia o z u o Adams de q in g n ia n , co n g 1910
n ia n k a is h i j i u x ia n g fa x ia n ig e 6 - j i a o h u a n fa n g . Adams
z a i ig e t i e l u g o n g s i de tu s h u s h i dang z h iy u a n . Ta b a it ia n
g o n g zu o , w anshang j i u y a n j iu zh e g e w e n t i. W eile y a n j iu de
fa n g b ia n , t a zhuanm en z u o le i x i e x ia o rauban, shangm ian
x ie s h a n g 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ........
Adams y a n j iu l e hen duo n ia n ,
z o n g sh i m eiyou ch en g g o n g , erd uo p a n g b ia n y i j i n g c h u x ia n le
j i i gen b a i t o u f a , t a ren g ra n bu h u ix in , j ix u y a n j iu .
1 957 n ia n de i t i a n , t a ta n g z a i y iy u a n l i de b in g ch u a n g
sh a n g , tu r a n , t a b a ic h u la i ig e 6 - j ia o h u a n ia n g . Adams you
j in g you x i , lia n m a n g baa zh eg e 6 - j ia o h u a n fa n g x i e z a i i
zhang x ia o z h ip ia n sh a n g . G uole j i i t i a n , t a b in g h a o le
ch u yu an , k e s h i, z a o g a o , z a i h u i j i a de lu sh a n g h u lih u tu
j in g baa na zh an g x ia o z h ip ia n g e i n o n g d iu le !
Adams b in g bu h u ix in , t a j ix u y a n j iu . K e s h i, x ia o
z h ip ia n sh a n g de 6 - j i a o h u an fan g za y y e h u iy i bu q i l a i .
M eiyou b a n fa , z h ih a o c o n g to u k a i s h i . Ta p a i a , p a i a ,
i z h i dao 1 962 n ia n 12 yu e de i t i a n , t a zh on gyu z a y ic i
z h a o d a o le t a r iy e s in i a n de 6 - j ia o h u a n fa n g . Cong Adams
k a is h i y a n j iu 6 - j ia o h u a n fa n g , dao zh e sh ih o u y i j i n g g u o le
52 n ia n . Ta y i j i n g c h e n g le ig e b a if a ca n g ca n g de la o t o u r .
Zhege la o t o u r n a zh e t a b a i ch en ggon g de 6 - j i a o h u a n fa n g ,
58
NEW
C H IN A
N o . 10
(1 9 8 9 )
g a o x in g de liu c h u le d u osh ao y a n le i!
Z hege 6 - j ia o h u a n fa n g , z h iy a o s h i p a i l i e z a i i t i a o
z h ix ia n sh a n g de j i i g e sh u , j i a q i l a i dou s h i 3 8 . Ni kan:
15
14
13
10
8
4 12
9 6 5 2 16
11
1 7 19
18 17
3
15 + 13 + 10
9 + 6 + 5 + 2 + 16
18+17+3
13+8+16+11
12 + 2 + 7 + 17
10 + 1 2 + 1 6
15 + 8 + 5 + 7 + 3
9+11+18
= 38;
38;
= 38;
= 38;
= 38;
= 38;
- 38;
= 38.
Adams de
6 - j ia o h u an fan g
14+8+4+12=
11 + 1 + 7 + 19 =
15 + 14 + 9 =
10+4+5+1 =
16 + 19 + 3 =
13+4+2+19=
1 4 + 6 + 1 + 17 =
38;
38;
38;
38;
38;
38;
38;
1969 n ia n , i w e i W a terlo o Daxue de x u esh en g yong
d ia n z i j i s u a n j i l a i p a i l i e 6 - j i a o h u a n fa n g , z h i y o n g le 17
m iaozh on g j i u d e d a o le h e Adams to n g y a n g de j ie g u o (women
k e lia n de Adams que y o n g le 52 n i a n ! ) . H o u la i, s h u x u e jia
you yon g d ia n z i j i s u a n j i d e c h u le i g e fe ic h a n g lin g r e n
c h ij in g de j ie g u o : J in g u a n z h e n g fa n g x in g de h u an fan g you
q ian q ian -w an w an zh o n g , d a n sh i 6 - j i a o h u an fan g que z h i you
Adams zh e i zhong! G uaibude Adams zh ao t a h u a f e i le 52
n ia n de s h i j i a n . Ta c h e n g le sh u x u e baoku zhong i j i a n
z h e n p in .
XIN TANG DI-10 QI (1989)
§ HAIIAI WEN&AI QUTAN
Dian
59*
%
Ewen
M eiguo Mei W eiheng ($6 l i fs ) j ia o s h o u (A oyi) he Zhang
L iq in g ( tL it ) j ia o s h o u (H uayi) , q u n ia n x i a t i a n c e n g jin g
z a i S ich u a n Daxue k a i l e y i c i youqude w en zi g a ig e
raan tan hu i. Mei j ia o s h o u sh u o , t a 27 s u i de sh ih o u k a is h i
xu e ren H a n zi, z a i Zhang L iq in g jia o s h o u bangzhu x ia x ia n
xu e z h u y in zim u , y i z h u y in w ei g u a ig u n r , kan z h u y in he
H anzi d u iz h a o de duwu, zhubu k a n d o n g le b a o z h i sh an g de
changyong H a n zi, h o u la i dao M eiguo you x u e le Hanyu p in y in
f a n g ’an , x u e h u ile d u x ie H a n z i. F u fu e r r en c h u b a n le Hanyu
p in y in de { X in Tang > z a z h i . Mei jia o s h o u g a o x in g d e
sh u o , H an zi s h i t a y a n j iu Zhongguo w enxue de " T iefan w an " ,
"ruguo z h i j i e co n g H an zi b ih u a xu e H a n zi, y ex u 1O-2O n ia n
c a in e n g d u x ie H an zi l i ! "
Kao New York Jingcha Juzhang
Mo Hu x ia n sh e n g s h i M e iji H uaren, 1951 "nian shengyu
S h a n g h a i, z a i X ia n g g a n g h e Taiw an z h u le 5 n ia n , you z a i
X ib an ya d a i l e 3 n ia n d u o, 1 960 n ia n t a 9 s u i de sh ih o u
y iju d a o M eigu o, m uqin j ia o h u i t a y ik o u l i u l i d e p u to n g h u a .
1986 n ia n t a d a n g sh a n g le M eiguo New York J in g c h a Z ongju de
fu ju z h a n g - Youqude s h i : t a s u ir a n h u i shuo b ia o zh u n d e
p u to g n h u a , k e s h i bu r e n s h i H a n zi. Mei j ia o s h o u g u y i kao
• 60
NEW
C H IN A
N o.
(1 9 8 9 )
t a , q in g t a sh u o " g o n g 'a n ju h e p a ic h u su o " , t a z u o le
h u id a . Z a i wen t a “ go n g " , " an " , " p a i" , " su o " , m eige
H anzi s h i shenm e y i s i , t a j i u da bu s h a n g la i l e . Y in w ei
z a i Mo Hu to u n a o l i , z h iy o u Hanyu c ih u i de g a in ia n , m eiyou
H anzi z i y i de y in x ia n g . Zhe zh en gm in g: Zhongguo ren
j ie s h o u h e c h u li yuyan x i n x i , b u s h i ton g gu o dange H a n zi,
e r s h i to n g g u o Hanyu c ih u i l i j i e d e .
Waiguo Ren X u e Hanyu Pinyin
M eiguo Hanyu x u e z h e Mei W eiheng j ia o s h o u de m eim ei bu
dong Hanyu, y e bu r e n s h i H a n zi, d a n sh i h u i Hanyu p in y in ,
z a i B e ij in g j ie d a o sh a n g kandao y in y o u
de q ic h e ,
t a w udongyuzhong, dan kandao ch e sh a n g l i n g y ib ia n y in y o u
"PIJIUCHE", t a jid o n g d e j i a o l e q i l a i . Y in w ei t a hen a i he
p ij iu !
Mei j ia o s h o u h a i yon g Hanyu sh u och u y ig e te z h o n g
q ic h e , z a iz u o d e m eiyou y ig e r e n tin g d e d o n g , t a yon g b i
x i e z a i z h i sh an g "FANGCHENCHE", y e m eiyou r e n k andon g.
H o u la i b e i y i w ei f e i yuwen g o n g zu o zh e j ie d u w ei
shuo d u i l e . Mei j ia o s h o u sh u o : zh e b in g b u q ig u a i, y in w e i
d a j ia m eiyou " fa n g ch en ch e" de g a in ia n , s u o y i tin g b u d o n g ye
kanbudong. D an sh i z h e bun eng shuom ing p in y in w en zi de
q u e d ia n , f a n 'e r zh en g sh uom ing p in y in z i de y o u d ia n .
Y in w ei "fa n g ch en ch e" y ig o n g 11 g e zim u , q u d ia o c h o n g fu d e ,
s h i j i z h iy o u 7 g e zim u , x u e h u i z h e 7 ge zim u , j i fen zh o n g
j i u x in g l e , ru gu o y a o x u e h u i "Sf ^ ^ " zh e j i g e H anzi
h u o z h e sh i f a n t i z i , jiu y a o hua h en duo s h i j i a n l e . S u o y i,
xu e p in y in b i xu e H an zi fa n g b ia n , yongyu j i s u a n j i y e s h i
ton g y a n g d e d a o l i .
X IN
TANG
D I-1 0 Q I
(1 9 8 9 )
61
Pinyin Zhongwen Biaodiao
Xiao Tongji
Li
Y uan
P in y in Zhongwen dad u oshu d ifa n g bu xu yao b ia d ia o .
Ruguo women z a i y i p ia n w enzhang z h o n g , z a i n a x ie b ix u
b ia o sh a n g sh e n g d ia o c a i bu z h iy u ch a n sh en g w u jie de d ifa n g
b ia o sh a n g s h e n g d ia o , name d a o d i xu yao b ia o d ia o de d ifa n g
you d u osh ao ne?
X iam ian de w enzhang dou s h i co n g XIN TANG ge q i l i
xuan c h u la i d e . Rang women kankan z h e g e h en youqu de
j ie g u o :
QUANWEN
XUYAO
BIAODIAO
CI SHU BIAODIAO CI ZHAN
______________CI SHU________ %
1 . J . M a r sh a ll U nger
530
4
0.7%
de Y i F eng X in
2 . Yuenan de W enzi
1215
10
0. 8 %
G a ig e
3 . M uqian Zhongguo
Dui Roma P in y in Ge
1770
27
1. 4 %
Fangm ian de Y ij ia n
4 . Zhongguo Yuyan
1800
27
1.5%
(sh u p in g )
5 . Lun XIN TANG
1125
25
2.2%
S h iy o n g de P in y in
6 . A ta tu r k he Zimu
1100
31
3. 0%
G a ig e
WENZHANG DE TIMU
62
NEW
C H IN A
7 . Wei Y ou d iao P in y in
B ian h u
8 . L i Hun J i
(T an gd ai C huanqi de
B a ih u a F a n y i)
9 . C hu antong X ia n g sh e n g (2 Ze)
1 0 . Wang S a n g u n ia n g
(Q in g d a i Wenxue de
Yuanwen P in y in )
1 1 . Lun L e if e n g Ta
de D a o d ia o (Lu Xun)
N o . 10
(1 9 8 9 )
1440
50
4.0%
789
46
5.8%
689
72
10.4%
1094
202
18.5%
704
146
20.7%
Cong z h e g e t o n g j i zh on g k e y i k an ch u :
(1) Yong x ia n d a i b aih u aw en x i e de w enzhang, xuyao
b ia o d ia o de c i , d ayu e s h i 0 ~ 6% , j i u s h i sh u o , youde
wanquan k e y i bu b ia o d ia o , z u i duo de s h i 6% z u o y o u .
(2) F angyan w en xu e, r a in jia n w enxue (ru " x ia n g sh e n g " )
xuyao b ia o d ia o de d if a n g b i j i a o d u o, k e y i dao 10% .
(3) Yong j in d a i b aih u aw en (co n g M in g d a i, Q in g d a i dao
5 .4 Yundong) x i e de w en zhang, xuyao b ia o d ia o de c i , dayue
s h i 20% z u o y o u . Y in w ei zh e zh on g b aih u aw en d an gzh on g h a i
you hen duo b a n w en -b a n b a i de c i , baokuo Lu Xun de w enzhang
zai n e i.
Ruguo women y o n g x ia n d a i b aih u aw en x ie z u o , xuyao
b ia o d ia o de c i y ib a n bu h u i ch aogu o 6% . Z heyang k a n la i,
P in y in Zhongwen c a iy o n g "bufen" b ia o d ia o de b a n fa , b i
c a iy o n g "quanbu" b ia o d ia o de b a n fa y a o j ie s h e n g de d u o.
X IN
TANG
D I-1 0 Q I
(1 9 8 9 )
63
XUE HANYU
(Learning Manderin)
Aj n £
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2-
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64
NEW
C H IN A
N o . 10
(1 9 8 9 )
■a?
B: Budao.
Nin yinggai
B: No.
You should have caught
zu5 103 {yaolingsan)
the No.
hubzhe 111 (yaoyaoyao)
tr olleybus.
103 or No.
Ill
lu dianche.
•••
A: Qing gaosu wo zai
shenae difang xiache
•••
•••
•••
•••
A: Could you tell ae where
to get off?
hao aa?
C: Hao, wo hui
tixing
C: O.K.
I'll reaind you.
nin.
A: Feichang ganxi6.
A: Thank you very auch.
C: Hen gaoxing wei nin
C: You are welcoae.
xiaolao.
Qin'ai de duzhe pengyoumen:
Suiran Xin Tang de duzhe shizhong bu tai duo, danshi Xin Tang duzhe
dui zhe ban zazhi biaoxianchu ji da de guanxin, rang women feichang gandong, ye feichang ganxie.
Women yi kaishi jiu shuo, yi zhong yong Luoma zirnu zuo jichu de
pinyin Zhongwen wanquan keyi zai he xinxi, chuandi xinxi.
Jingguo S nian
duo Xin Tang de jingyan, women de xinyang gengjia jianding le.
Zhengru
women yi kaishi jiu shuo de nayang, yao yijing
Hanzi de renmen xuexi kan Luoma pinyin Zhongwen shi bijiao kunrsan de,
ran'er shi keyi zuodao de.
Women zhuzhang "yi yu shuang wen".
yuyan, danshi yong liang zhong wenzi duxie.
Jiushi Zhongguo shuo yi zhong
Zhe liang zhong wenzi shi
chuantong de fangkuai Hanzi he Zhongguo Quanguo Renmin Daibiao Dahui
1958 nian 2 yue tongguo de Pinyin Fang'an-----Hanyu Pinyin.
"Y i yu shuang wen" de wanquan shixian kongpa yao zai xia yi dai. Xin
Tang gensui qianren de jiaobu chuban ^zhege zazhi, zaiyu zhengming Zhong­
guo de Luoma pinyin wenzi wanquan shi xingdetong de. Zhe yige mudi yi­
jing dadao.
Qi.
Women dasuan zhi ba Xin Tang chuban dao zhe yi qi-----Di-10
Yihou women jiang ba liliang zhuanyi dao bangzhu Zhongguo ertong
xuexi Hanyu Pinyin zhe fangmian.
Women zhongxin xiwang ge wei pengyou
ye duoduo liaojie Hanyu Pinyin zai Zhongguo xiaoxue li bangzhu ertong
tiqian duxie, zai de-zh i-ti-m ei-lao ge fangmian tigao ertong suzhi suo
fahui de juda zuoyong.
Xiwang dajia neng qinzi dao Zhongguo de nongcun
xiaoxue kankan. Nali Hanyu Pinyin zai tigao ertong suzhi fangmian d e
v ^
xiaoguo, nali ertong he laoshimen de nuii he xiyue, rang ren gandao
Zhongguo chongmanle xiwang.
Tuiguang Hanyu Pinyin de gongzuo shi fen jianju, xuyao guonei wai de
pengyou chu qian chu li, zhichi guli.
Women panwang duzhe pengyou yihou
ba zhi chi Xin Tang de rechen zhuanyi dao zhichi Zhongguo jiao Hanyu Pin­
yin de nongcun xiaoxue qu.
Zai jian!
Xin Tang Bianjibu
XIN TANG
SU.S.POSTAGE {
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|
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Swarthmore, PA 19081
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XINGSHENG TONG
^ i i ): 1905 nian chuban de yi zhong pinyin wenzi
fang’an, caiyongle Hanzi bihua xingshi.
Qiong he Li Wenzhi.
1»V\
Chuangzhizhe shi Yunnan de Yang