Road Sector Climate Change presentation

VULNERABILITY OF INFRASTRUCTURE IN
MOZAMBIQUE’S ROAD NETWORK
September 2015
Presentation of content

Background

Concept

Objectives

Tropical cyclones on Mozambique Coast

Actions carried out by the road sector

Examples of impacts

Challenges.
1. Background
•Mozambique historically is more affected by disasters
than other countries within southern Africa. It is estimated
that during the past thirty years more than eight million
Mozambicans were affected by natural disasters.
•For example, the floods in the year 2000, which were
triggered by a succession of cyclones, resulted in the
displacement of more than 500,000 people in the Limpopo
River basin and there was widespread destruction and
damage to physical infrastructure. The combined losses of
the 2000 flood/cyclone disaster were estimated at US$600
million.
1. Background (Cont.)
Mozambique has a classified road network of
approximately 30,000 kilometers, of which 24,000 km are
unpaved roads which are particularly susceptible to
damage from climate and weather induced problems.
Heavy rains and floods increasingly cause roads to crack
leading to disruptions which result in rural populations
being cut off from markets and services, with the
associated harmful effects on rural livelihoods.
Road Network
35000
30000
30331
25000
24027;6
20000
18690;1
15000
10000
5000
0
5581.5 6303.1
721.6
Revestidas
19412
Regionais
10919
Total
5337;5
Não
Revestidas
Total
Rede Classificada de Moçambique
Vicinais
22%
Nacionais
Primárias
20%
Terciárias
42%
Secundárias
16%
1. Background (Cont.)
The long dry season and periodic droughts also create difficult
conditions for rural populations. As local water sources progressively
dry up rural populations are forced to go farther and farther to obtain
water. This has a direct impact on the time available for other activities
such as agriculture.
Gaza province is one of the most vulnerable in terms of road
infrastructure; in the 2013 flood 113 people died and approximately
172,600 others were displaced. The majority of Gaza’s provincial road
network is located in the southern area of the province mostly
concentrated in the districts of Xai-Xai, Bilene, Chókwe, Guijá, Chibuto
and Manjacaze.
2 Objective of the presentation
The objective of the presentation is to give an overview of
the vulnerability of the infrastructure and action which has
been taken by Mozambique to adapt the infrastructure to
climate change.
Fonte: UEM/FEWS Net/INGC, 2002
Nome
Tropical Ciclones in
Mozambique Coast
Demoina, 1984
Nº Pessoas
afectadas
350. 000
Nº Pessoas Mortas
109
Filão, 1988
90. 000
100
Nádia,1994
900. 000
52
Bonita,1996
200. 000
11
Lisette,1997
80. 000
87
Elinne,2000
650.000
Glória,2000
650.000
Hudah,2000
11.000
700 Pessoas
mortas por cheias
em parte causadas
por estes ciclones
ACTIONS DONE BY ROAD SECTOR
An Emergency Unity was created in 2013 to help
on reconstruction and rehabilitation after floods.
Revision of Design standards;
In the late 1990s the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC)
published standards for roads for use in the region through the Southern Africa
Transport and Communications Commission (SATCC). These standards were
based mainly on South African standards, which in turn were derived from
standards published in the United States and, to a lesser extent, the United
Kingdom. The SADC standards cover geometric design of roads, pavement
design, pavement rehabilitation design, bridge and culvert design, road
markings and traffic signs. Standard Specifications for Roads and Bridges were
also published.
ACTIONS DONE BY ROAD SECTOR
Revision of Design standards
•Local knowledge of the behaviour of locally occurring
materials in road construction is not reflected in the
standards. This can result in high construction and
maintenance costs. The SADC design manuals do not
cover wider requirements such as drainage design and
hydrology, and road maintenance. There are no standard
design details for roads in the SADC documentation, aside
from road markings and traffic signs.
ACTIONS DONE BY ROAD SECTOR
Revision of Design standards
•ANE conducted a review of existing conditions prevailing
in the country and the standards and specifications for
roads in use in Mozambique and the region. The study
identified the key factors affecting the roads sector in
Mozambique and included a gap analysis of the existing
technical documentation for roads. The study concluded
with recommendations for a project to prepare
Mozambique-specific
guidelines,
standards
and
specifications for roads which will be adopted in the country
and implemented by ANE and other relevant authorities
through the road construction industry.
ACTIONS DONE BY ROAD SECTOR
Revision of Design standards
The preparatory work for this project has identified and prioritized the following
new documents that will be developed and published under the project:
•Geometric Design Manual
•Site Investigations Manual
•Pavement Design Manual (flexible and semi-rigid pavements)
•Rehabilitation Design Manual (flexible and semi-rigid pavements)
•Hydrology and Drainage Design Manual
•Specification for Bridge Loads
•Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Works
•Standard Details for Roads and Bridges
•Guidelines for Performance Specifications for use in Output and
Performance Based Maintenance Contracts and Concessions under
Public/Private Partnerships.
ACTIONS CARRIED OUT BY ROAD
SECTOR
Assessment
of
climate
vulnerability
and
identification of options for building climate
resilience into the lower Limpopo roads network in
Gaza province
The results of the study will be a series of
proposals for interventions, principally on the rural
road network (classified and unclassified)
improving linkage to infrastructure which would
maximize the potential for the rural populations to
benefit from the transport resource
 Approved in 2014 the tool for pre-assessment
climate risks in all new projects
Obstrução dos vãos por sedimentos
N1: Chicumbane – Xai – Xai, Gaza
N302:Matema Cazula, Tete
14
Erosão e infraescavação
N1: Ponte sobre Licungo, Mocuba
N221: Chibuto - Guija
15
Galgamento e corte de estradas
N221: Chibuto - Guija
Galgamento e corte de estradas
N340 cruz.N324 Moma/ Mucoroge
R1106 - Cruz.N13 (Nataleia)
Reduzida capacidade de vazão das
estruturas
R448: Chokwe - Macarretane, Gaza
N220: Chissano – Chibuto, Gaza
18
Saturação dos solos
N322: Madamba – Mutarara, Tete
Mocuba - Lugela
19
Impact Mitigation
Melhoramento de Secções Criticas e revestimento das
mesmas em Otta seal e sand seal
Nametil - Angoche
Before Adaptation
After Adaptation
20
Challenges
 Fund–raising taking into account climate resilience
 Capacity building among staff to deal with climate
change issues
 Mandatory use of pre-assessment tools for climate
risks in all new projects
THANK YOU