Annual Report 2015 - Waternet Innovatie
Transcription
Annual Report 2015 - Waternet Innovatie
Research & Innovation – Annual Report 2015 “We are the first generation to feel the effect of climate change and the last generation who can do something about it.” Barack Obama - November 2015 - UN Climate Change Conference COP 21 - Paris 2 Contents 4 Foreword - Jan Peter van der Hoek 6Computer-controlled dredging - Fred de Haan & Peter Jansen 8 Innovation Lab and AIWW - Peter Jansen & Kees van der Lugt10 Micropollutants - Maaike Bevaart & Cor Verkerk12 Applications on the drone - Haroen Lemmers & Peter Jansen14 Nautonomous, an unmanned floating waste collector - Alex van der Helm16 Climate-proof street - Eljakim Koopman & Torben Tijms18 Cooling delivery from a drinking water pipe - Stefan Mol & André Struker20 Amsterdam Circular Challenge - Peter Jansen22 Controlling brackish seepage - Lucas Smulders & Frank Smits24 Cities in transition / Pakhuis de Zwijger - Maarten Claassen26 Cleantech Playground - Enna Klaversma & Maarten Claassen28 Circular Buiksloterham - Rob Ververs & Maarten Claassen30 Softening under review? - Onno Kramer & Leon Kors32 Thermal storage in a clean water reservoir - Stefan Mol & André Struker34 Ouderkerkerplas: a clean source of cooling - Lucas Smulders & Peter Jansen36 Afterword Alice Fermont Waternet is the municipal organisation of Regional Public Water Authority of Amstel, Gooi and Vecht and the City of Amsterdam 3 Foreword T his is the Research & Innovation 2015 annual report for Water Authority of Amstel, Gooi and Vecht and the City of Amsterdam. With a varied selection of projects, this report presents the research performed relating to Waternet’s seven research and innovation themes: Climate neutral, Climate adaptation, SMART business operations, Connecting with community, Drinking water, Wastewater and Water system. Besides the featured projects, Waternet does much more in the field of research and innovation. In its research and innovation programme, Waternet often works closely with partners. For example, it worked with the AMS Institute (Amsterdam Metropolitan Solutions) in the projects Rain Sense (finemeshed weather forecasting using smart sensors and social media) and Urban Pulse (dynamic modelling of material recycling in Amsterdam for the recycling of raw materials). The partnership with TU Delft was intensified. On the subject of recovering thermal energy from drinking water, a project was launched to study the effects of this on the microbiological quality of the drinking water. This project is cofinanced by the Topsector Water. The University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam want to strengthen waterrelated research in Amsterdam via Amsterdam Water Science. Waternet actively contributed to the start-up meetings of this initiative. Via subsidies, we succeeded in increasing the financial scope over our research program. In 2015, we participated in five Topsector 4 Photography: KWR Watercycle Research Institute 5 Computer-controlled dredging F or a week, Waternet tested a dredging computer on the Keizersgracht with the DWR1 to establish whether it could be used on Waternet’s current dredging equipment. Implementation speeds up the dredging, causes less harm to the environment and generates cost savings through accurate dredging. Dredging is necessary to guarantee the storage and flow of the water (and thus the safety of the residents) and to keep the water open for vessels. Removing the polluted dredging layer also improves the quality of the waterbed. The work was commissioned by the Water Authority and the municipality of Amsterdam. A dredging computer is a 3D GPS-based navigation system that determines, presents and saves the position online from the knife tip, intersection and digging point of the dredging machine. The dredging computer is used to monitor and control the dredging process by comparing the actual excavation profile (visual on screen) with the desired profile. This makes it possible to dredge and register a profile without visual observation. The system offers many advantages and will certainly be followed up. “ Implementation speeds up the dredging, causes less harm to the environment and generates cost savings through accurate dredging.” 6 The dredging of the bottom of the Keizersgracht was computer controlled 7 Water authority chairman Gerhard van den Top during the AIWW Innovation Lab and AIWW W aternet was present at the Innovation Lab at the Aquatech, which was part of the Amsterdam International Water Week (AIWW) in 2015. Via five innovations, enthusiastic volunteers and young water professionals demonstrated the whole water cycle to the world. The drones and the Nautonomous scored particularly well with the public. By taking part in these international trade fairs, Waternet establishes contacts with other countries and monitors global developments in the field of sensor technology and (big) data processing. Innovation is an essential theme at the AIWW and was cited as the main reason why people visit the Aquatech. The Innovation Lab, present at the trade fair for the first time this year, provided a central platform for all the innovations. Through the various presentations and the opportunity to see and experience real products, it was a truly unique event. Waternet drew attention to closing cycles and talked to delegations from different countries about embedding these innovations in the business operations of other water companies. Waternet thus hopes for a digital partnership with other partners all over the world and for a joint approach to the creation of closed cycles. Waternet climate neutral in 2020. Technically, this is feasible. Now we have to achieve it! 8 Excursion in Amsterdam Westpoort during Amsterdam International Water Week 9 Micropollutants T he term micropollutants covers a wide range of contaminants like drugs, natural and synthetic hormones, substances with an unintended hormonal effect, pesticides and biocides, as well as microplastics and nanoparticles. a smart way to analyse the effects of a mix of substances in water instead of the concentrations of individual substances. If the rules for compulsory monitoring are also changed, real savings on monitoring can be made. The disadvantage of micropollutants is that they are very different and difficult to trace. Because the analyses are very expensive, the ecological key factor Toxicity was developed together with STOWA. This is Many micropollutants in wastewater come from households, industry and healthcare institutions. Only a limited number can be removed at the sewage treatment plants. Via Stowa Waternet participates in various studies into effective removal techniques. These include ozone treatment with granular activated carbon filtration (1-STEP filter), ozone treatment with sand filtration or an active carbon dosing on the aeration tank. Micropollutants can also be tackled at the source. Together with the AMC, Waternet has shown that micropollutants can be removed using the Pharmafilter concept. Greenhouse horticulture is a source of pesticides. In 2015, LTO Glaskracht Nederland, the Ministry of Economic Affairs and the Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment, Nefyto, the Board for the authorisation of plant protection preservatives and biocides, the Dutch Water Authorities (Unie van Waterschappen) and the Association of Dutch municipalities agreed on making the purification of residual water flows in horticultural holdings compulsory from 2018. Waternet is consulting with municipalities, environmental services, water boards and LTO Glaskracht about solutions and joint monitoring. The Water Authority of Amstel, Gooi and Vecht wants to develop a strategy for micropollutants for the medium term. This will be developed in 2016 and 2017 based on a study (inventory and effect measurements). 10 A cage with passive samplers is lowered into the water to monitor contaminant mixtures in the water 11 “Implementation at Waternet produces more information at lower costs” 3D image of the Winkeldijk Applications of the drone A drone is a very useful instrument. Due to its numerous cameras and sensors, it can be used in many areas. It is mainly used for visual inspections, such as surveying watercourses and vegetation with multi-spectral cameras, and 3D images, as well as for taking water samples. The use of drones produces more information at lower costs. Two examples show that we are on the eve of a digital breakthrough. The possibilities for using drones in Waternet’s primary work process continue to grow. Trying out our drone to inspect a pump was successful. The drone also supported the annual inspection of the watercourses, which provided extensive and detailed information. The preparations for the dyke inspection are currently in full swing. Advice was prepared for the executive board featuring a proposal for using robotics at Waternet. A positive decision was made, enabling us to actually deploy drones. We already have an intensive partnership with Deltares aimed at embedding the use of robotics throughout the water world. By using the drone, we were able to make crystal clear 3D images (from a height of 45 metres, a resolution of 1.5 cm per pixel). This shows the amount of land or the height of a flood barrier. An aerial photo like this can be accurately entered on coordinates in a GIS system. The drone images may later be used in our geoinformation system. 12 The Battle of the Beach 2015 at Langevelderslag, viewed from the drone 13 Nautonomous, an unmanned floating waste collector O ne of Waternet’s key tasks is cleaning the canals in Amsterdam by removing floating and sunken waste. This is labour-intensive work which has to be carried out in all weathers. The Nautonomous is the prototype of an unmanned, self-driven waste collector which supports the manned floating waste collecting vessels, particularly in shallow or inaccessible water. The Nautonomous was inspired by self-driving (autonomous) cars. The Nautonomous was designed and built in partnership with the University of Applied Sciences in Amsterdam (HvA). From the HvA’s Innovation lab and the HvA minor Robotics, fifteen students from different programmes worked on the project in multidisciplinary teams. The Nautonomous is an electrically driven boat with a conveyor on the front. The conveyor fishes floating waste out of the water and deposits it in a removable tank. The operation of the prototype with motorised waste conveyer was tested with a remote control. The autonomous control of the boat, developed via the minor Robotics, with autopilot based on GPS (Global Positioning System) and LIDAR (Laser Imaging Detection And Ranging), will be tested in early 2016. Via the Innovation Lab, the Nautonomous was exhibited at the HISWA in March 2015 and in November 2015 at the Aquatech. The Nautonomous was also highlighted in the Telegraaf newspaper (on 22 October), on the website of the Parool (idem), on television in Hallo Nederland (MAX broadcaster, 18 November) and on the radio in Eye Openers (BNR Nieuwsradio, 30 November). The Nautonomous at the HISWA in 2015 14 Test run of the Nautonomous on the Amstel 15 Climate-proof street filtration strip (Granudrain) is combined with a drainageinfiltration-transport sewer (DIT sewer). Such a combination has never been used in the Netherlands before. Granudrain Surface water Groundwater level Stormwater sewage Sanitary sewage Drainage infiltration transport sewer (DIT sewer) Cross section of the street profile Argonautenstraat recently became climate-proof. The street must be able to process a rain shower of 60 mm/hour, but manage groundwater shortage (too low groundwater level) as well. In the street, an in- The infiltration strip has been designed to enable it to process heavy rainfall without the environment suffering damage. After the rainwater has infiltrated the ground, it is transported to surface water via the DIT sewer. And if conditions are so dry that the groundwater level dips below the surface water level, surface water is transported from the DIT sewer to the bed. This prevents the groundwater level from declining any further, which is important for the wooden foundations of many houses in Amsterdam. In 2016, Argonautenstraat will be monitored intensively. The technical and hydraulic functioning of the facility will be studied so that Waternet can decide whether it can be installed elsewhere in Amsterdam and under what circumstances. At the beginning of 2016, an infiltration test will be performed. This test will be repeated annually. This testing will make it possible to assess whether the facility continues to operate well over a longer period. PP seal foam edge 4 mm granudrain element oil separator separator granusplit 4/22 mm Principle of the Granudrain 16 Installing the drainagec infiltration system in Argonautenstraat - Photography: DigiDaan 17 “This cooling delivery achieves CO2 savings of 1200 tons per year“ René van Lier (l.) and Roelof Kruize (r.) signing the declaration of intent to work together Cooling delivery from a drinking water pipe T he drinking water purified by Waternet is prepared from surface water and is therefore cold in the winter and hot in the summer. This thermal energy can be used to cool or heat buildings. In 2014, Waternet embarked on negotiations with Sanquin Blood Supply in Amsterdam about supplying cooling from drinking water. Near Sanquin there are two drinking water transport pipelines operated by Waternet which transport drinking water from the production location Leiduin to the Amstelveenseweg pumping station. These two low pressure pipelines (700 mm in diameter) have an almost constant discharge. Via these pipelines, among others, the Amstelveenseweg pumping station is supplied with drinking water for distribution. Waternet wants to fit a connection with a heat exchanger to one of these pipelines to supply cooling to Sanquin. In the win- ter, the drinking water in these pipelines is often colder than 10 °C. After issuing the cooling, the water is hotter when it returns in the water system, with a temperature of maximum 15 °C. After the water is mixed in the pumping station with the drinking water from the three other pipelines, it heats up by an average of 1 °C. That slightly hotter water can then generate savings in energy consumption because over 50% of the distributed drink- ing water in the supply area is heated before use (shower, bath, washing machine, dishwasher). This cooling delivery achieves CO2 savings of 1200 tons a year, over 2% of Waternet’s current climate footprint. Furthermore, consumers save energy in the winter, because they don’t need to heat up their shower or heating water so much. The cooling delivery starts in 2016, after the municipality of Amsterdam has issued a loan. 18 Current thermal storage Future thermal storage View of the locations of the current and future thermal storage 19 Amsterdam Circular Challenge O n July 3th 2015, the Waternet 1 team won the Amsterdam Circular Challenge with the idea for the large scale production of designer furniture from fibre obtained from cutting waste. The Challenge was organised for Dutch students to speed up the sustainability objectives in Amsterdam. With glue based on sugar beet waste, two students assembled a table from cutting waste and a fallen tree. The table can be completely dismantled for transport and after use can be cut up to provide material for a new piece of furniture. Together with NPSP, the expert in bio-composites, we have been performing research into biocomposite for some time. This is being continued in the STOWA project “Circular biocomposites of residual materials”. In this project, water boards and nature conservation organisations are studying whether they can deliver a certain quality of residual material (water plants, reed and natural grass) and what properties the resulting composite has. As an example, NPSP made a sofa using biocomposite sheets, consisting of 71% residual materials like reed and calcite. proteins, the fibre for biocomposite remains. These two projects are connected, because it is important for both to know how many water plants are available every year in the Netherlands. To this end, Waternet and Ecofys have developed a measurement and calculation method which will be further developed in the protein project. Here is a short film with the table as the end product and a video clip about the event. Waternet is also participating in STOWA research into extracting proteins from water plants. After extracting the We cut the reeds along the banks ... which are then used to design an end product. 20 The participants in the Circular Challenge 2015 21 Controlling brackish seepage Waternet is studying the potential for capturing the brackish seepage in Horstermeerpolder before it comes to the surface. The water system will then no longer be loaded with this salt, which will benefit the water quality. Much less freshwater will have to be let in from the Markermeer to drain this area. And we are studying whether drinking water can be produced from this new source. The fresh seepage brackish seepage quality of the resulting drinking water will then improve, with less or no caustic soda being required for softening. This will significantly reduce Waternet’s CO2 emissions. In 2015, this was discussed with the municipality of Wijdemeren, the province of North Holland, the Executive and Governing Boards of the Water Authority of Amstel, Gooi and Vecht, the Residents’ Associ- fresh seepage fresh seepage ation of the Horstermeer, the Dutch Society for the Preservation of nature (Natuurmonumenten) and LTO. The concept was well received by all these parties. Two UU students studied the physical condition of the water system and the substrate of the Horstermeer in more detail. One VU student started research for an extensive modelling of the substrate. A Waternet employee measured the suitability of the fresh seepage “This is the pearl in the water cycle, better water quality, lower CO2 emissions and a new source for drinking water” Roelof Kruize sewer system in Amsterdam to discharge the salty residual product. Furthermore, a cost estimate was drawn up for the brackish seepage extraction. In 2016, a general information evening was organised for the residents of the Horstermeer. The Amsterdam alderman was asked about co-financing, but other subsidy options were also explored. With the studies from 2015, a field trial was prepared for the pumping and purification of the brackish seepage. The required permits for this trial have been requested 22 Field research in the polder Horstermeer; after agreement with the owners and leaseholders of the plots 23 Cities in transition / Pakhuis de Zwijger C ities in transition is a network in which many organisations meet, connect and contribute to the city of tomorrow. We are an active participant in this network. In 2015, Waternet contributed to the programmes, the magazines and the online platform Cities in transition. This online platform has more than 70,000 members. Waternet takes part in the partner council of Pakhuis de Zwijger and contributes to a number of programmes, such as the Circular City and Water Republic. Work was also undertaken on preparations for the EU presidency and the expo FabCity in 2016. Almost all of Waternet’s innovation programme regularly appears on the platform. In 2015, Waternet took part in various meetings about a circular and climate-proof approach for Amsterdam. During these sessions, contacts and connections were established, allowing Waternet to position itself in an active community of innovators. Together with the members of this network, we are working on new initiatives and research projects. For a number of years now, initiatives have been developed on and around the Johan van Hasseltkanaal in Buiksloterham (Amsterdam North) for sustainable residential areas. Under the title Schoonschip Amsterdam, a project aimed at building a floating, self-sufficient residential area with thirty water homes on the canal started a few years ago. In mid 2014, the experimental Cleantech Playground was started on the former shipyard De Ceuvel on the Van Hasseltkanaal. In fifteen old houseboats on land, researchers tested clean and sustainable technologies on a small scale. In 2015, a long-term (over 20 years) project called Circular Buiksloterham started. You will find more information about these projects on the next pages. 24 Festival Welcome to the Village 25 Cleantech Playground T ogether with Metabolic, KWR Watercycle Research Institute and AWWS (Advanced Waste Water Solutions), Waternet is involved in a project at the former shipyard De Ceuvel in Amsterdam North in which the applicability of sustainable technologies is being studied. In 2014 and 2015, the fifteen office houseboats in the experimental Cleantech Playground were subject of a great deal of research into the use of compost toilets, composting, lifecycle comparison, the health risks of decentralised drinking water production, organisational and institutional obstacles and user behaviour. On October 15th 2015, a final symposium was organised to present the various results of the research. A learning environment was also launched in which this initiative will be further deepened and anchored. It is called Circular Academy. The houseboats on De Ceuvel 26 The entrance of De Ceuvel with the name in wooden letters, made from felled trees from the Van der Pekstraat 27 Circular Buiksloterham I n the Circular Buiksloterham pilot project, a network of institutions is working on transforming a district into a circular city. All of the parties have an interest in this based on their own responsibility. Together with various parties, Waternet is gaining experience with new water cycle concepts at various scale levels. On March 15th 2015, a research phase was concluded with the signing of a manifesto. In this pilot, there is a more flexible approach to legislation and regulations. After completing the vision document, Waternet embarked on the various sub projects in this extensive project, such as Cityplot Buiksloterham, the further development of Schoonschip and self-building developments. Research was also started into a decentralised wastewater purification plant, or bio-refinery. Following the successes in 2015, this special district development will be continued in 2016. This has already become a national example of how to fulfil the ambition of a circular city. The future circular residential area at the Johan van Hasseltkanaal 28 View of Buiksloterham with the Tolhuiskanaal in the centre and the Johan van Hasseltkanaal in the background 29 Softening under review? Top left pure calcite grains, top right garnet, below the “residual material”: pure calcite O ur drinking water is softened in pellet reactors. This process produces a residual substance in the form of calcite grains. The project Marketing Dutch Calcite, which ran from 2012 to mid 2015, studied whether the resulting calcium pellets could be broken up and reused as inoculum (calcite) for softening. An extensive winter and summer pilot with broken pellets showed that the softening process worked just as well with them. It was therefore decided to switch to using broken pellets as inoculum for softening at the production site Weesperkarspel. In order to be able to use the broken pellets at Leiduin too, greater grinding capacity is needed. Via the Reststoffenunie, the pellet buyer, the market was approached to encourage the return of broken pellets. In this way, Waternet makes a small contribution to the “circular economy”. Leiduin is expected to switch too in the middle of 2016. The implementation at Waternet is saving around € 40,000 a year. In the continuation of this application, it was studied whether the softening, which is carried out using caustic soda, could be made more sustainable with lime made from torrefied pellets. Waternet commissioned KWR to study this (Ontharding 2.0). This study did not prove that caustic soda was a bad choice. On paper, lime production from pellets produces a nicely closed circle, but it is not expected to be used in the softening process in the short term. “The implementation at Waternet saves around € 40,000 a year” 30 The calcite pellets are crushed in the test hall at the Weesperkarspel plant 31 Thermal storage in a clean groundwater reservoir W “This measure saves 30 tons of CO2 a year” aternet cools its building with a cooling machine which is ready to be replaced. For this reason, Waternet is investing in a new cooling method and is considering alternative ways to discharge the heat. Drinking water is produced at the Weesperkarspel plant, on the Gaasperplas. The cooling machine in the building needs replacing. Dating from 1991, it is filled with the coolant R22 which is no longer permitted. Furthermore, the heat which the machine produces in the process is cooled and discharged with drinking water, which is then discharged in the surface water. In 2020, Waternet wants to be CO2 neutral and is therefore investing in a heat pump in combination with thermal storage. The building will then be sustainably cooled, yielding a CO2 reduction compared with an air-cooled cooling machine. For the thermal system, three alternatives were compared: an open system using groundwater, a closed system whereby a medium extracts cooling or heat from the ground, and water storage like thermal storage. Meanwhile, old drawings showed that there was a clean groundwater reservoir under the building dating from 1881. Once the entrance had been rediscovered, the reservoir was drained and then inspected. The 47 x 38 x 3.5 m reservoir proved to be in good condition, so it was decided to use it to store water for thermal storage. A heat pump heats and cools the building. The residual heat goes to the hot-tap water installation. This measure saves 30 tons of CO2 a year. Implementation will take place in 2016, with the investment being earned back within eight years. 32 The inspection of the drained clean groundwater reservoir - Photography: Ronald Bakker 33 Ouderkerkerplas: a clean source of cooling O uderkerkerplas is an old sand excavation located to the east of Ouderkerk aan de Amstel, originating in the 1960s. In the 1980s, algae blooms appeared, preventing the lake from fulfilling its function as a recreational lake. Ouderkerkerplas Oxygen suppletion Cooling production plant 12-24 °C 20 °C available phosphate 10 20 30 40 m m m m thermocline Clients 6 °C phosphate In 2009, Nuon and the Water Authority of Amstel, Gooi and Vecht developed a project in which Nuon cools buildings in Amsterdam South East with the cooling from the Ouderkerkerplas. Next to that NUON is introducing pure oxygen to the bottom of the lake, which binds the phosphate present there to the waterbed. Because phosphate is an essential nutrient for algae, binding the algae to the bed can prevent algae blooms. This combination of cooling and water quality improvement has never been applied before. Extensive monitoring has shown the technique to be effective. Since the oxygen was introduced in 2009, the phosphate concentration has fallen by 75%. It took several years, but a clear water system has now been achieved. Despite the hot summer, 2015 was the first year in which there were no warnings to swimmers. Lake users (swimmers, sailors, fishermen, divers) have now returned to the lake. The project produces benefits on several fronts. Using cooling from the lake generates significant energy savings. Nature development in the area has received a boost, and the recreational opportunities the lake offers are free of restrictions again. A video was produced 5-7 °C unavailable phosphate 5-7 °C phosphate oxygen Precipitation iron phosphate “ The project produces benefits on several fronts “ Summer situation 34 The cooling water inlet intended for the buildings in Amsterdam South East 35 Afterword F or 2016, Waternet has high ambitions for research and innovation. We plan to reduce our CO2 emissions, recycle raw materials, use new forms of data collection, survive dry and wet periods without damage, but above all listen to and respond to our customers’ wishes. We also want to save costs. In 2016, we plan to introduce drones for inspection work. To do so, we will have to overcome numerous legal issues, but we must also ensure that the extra data thus obtained is used well. We will share our data in a hackathon, a meeting where software and website developers work together on software. We look forward to seeing what new opportunities others see. In the Horstermeer, we want to start controlling brackish seepage. This is a new method which improves water quality in and around the polder and which may create a new source of drinking water. It also contributes to a solution-based partnership in the polder between residents, businesses and the government. Waternet is also fulfilling its climate ambitions. We are reducing our CO2 emissions, among others through our partnership with Sanquin, as well as by replacing and reusing non-sustainable raw materials. The research and innovation programme produces knowledge for the Rainproof programme. We are gaining experience in micro-urban water management, such as the climate-proof street and the polder roof. This means that we know what to do to survive both dry and wet periods. Finally, Waternet cannot achieve its ambitious goals without good partnerships in which water awareness forms an important element. In the pilots in Amsterdam South East and in new build locations, we are testing and rolling out decentralised concepts. For that reason, we are working together with many students, businesses and residents on a daily basis to achieve better water. Alice Fermont Coordinator Research & Innovation 36 Rooftop Revolution - Image: Alice Wielinga 37 Text editor: Peter Beemsterboer Design and layout: Marjan Schermerhorn Final editing: Alice Fermont Translator: Wilkens c.s. www.innovatie.waternet.nl 38