Meeting the Needs of the Swedish Armed Forces

International Armoured Vehicles
London, 2-3 February 2010
Meeting the Needs of the Swedish Armed Forces:
Current Requirements and Capability Gaps
Brigadier General Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
Swedish Defence Materiel Administration (FMV)
Agenda
 Who am I?
 A changing world
 Transformation of the Swedish Armed Forces
 Swedish fleet of armoured combat vehicles
 What about SEP?
 Procurement of armoured combat vehicles
 Objective 2014 – plans for the future
 Ongoing procurements
 Summary
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
A changing world
…and the transformation of
the Swedish Armed Forces
9 Million
inhabitants
Defence
budget 1,3 %
of the GNP
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
A revolution in military affairs…
Swedish ”nonalignment policy”
1989
”Cold War”
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
1995
Swedish ”non-alignment policy”
- but with an option…
”Post-Warzaw Pact”
3rd of February 2010
Swedish
2009 ”alignment policy”
Bill to the Parlament
 Endstate
2014
 Starting
2010
 Decision
2009
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Declaration of Solidarity
as put forward in the Defence Commission’s reports
“Sweden will not take a passive stance if another EU
Member State or other Nordic country suffers a disaster or
an attack. We expect these countries to act in the same
way if Sweden is affected.
This means that Sweden can contribute with military
support in crisis and conflict situations. We must be able
and willing to help one another in the event of accidents,
crisis or conflicts, by contributing with relevant capabilities.
In this context, Sweden must be able both to receive and to
give military support.”
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Transformation objectives

Availability
- Today for national as well as
international tasks
- Operational and strategic mobility

Usability
- Swedish territory as well as abroad
- Single set of Forces

Flexibility
- All Conflict Levels
- Organization
- Modularity

Cooperation - Other Countries and organizations
- Other Swedish Governmental Actors
- Civil-Military
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Expeditionary Capability
 Up to 2000 men deployed (in peace time)
 Framework nation for EUBG
 Comprehensive approach
 SAC
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Development of the Armed Forces
 All Voluntary Force – conscription abolished in Peacetime
 Main operational units in the ground forces will be Battalion





sized Battlegroups
Capability to operate national and multinational Brigade
Combat Teams
Air War Fighting Capability with JAS 39 Gripen as main
asset
Naval Forces primarily for operations in the Baltic Sea
Home Guard with more flexible National Defence Units
Mobilization Reserve activated within three years
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Force structure
Operational Forces
Standing Units
Rapid response & rotation assets
Full time soldiers
Reserve Units
Rotation assets
Reservists
Home Guard Units
Rapid response assets
Part time soldiers
(National Surveillance & Guard Tasks only)
Mobilization Reserve
Equipment in storage
Activated within three years - conscription
Pool of Personnel
Former active & reserve personnel
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
”Not to know the past and draw consequences
out of these experiences,
is to disclaim your right to influence our time
and to form the world of the future.
Because tomorrow rests upon yesterdays
foundation…”
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
From a stored DEFENCE for INVASION…..
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
…to an operational DEFENCE for INSERTION
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
30 brigades, 150 freestanding battalions
~430.000 men + Home Guard 100.000 men
1977
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Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
21 brigades, 200 freestanding battalions
~420.000 men + Home Guard 100.000 men
1987
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Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
13 brigades, 120 freestanding battalions
~250.000 men + Home Guard 100.000 men
1997
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Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
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3rd of February 2010
2007
0 brigades, 25 freestanding battalions
~25.000 men + Home Guard 35.000 men
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Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Operational Armed Forces
after mobilization
1945-1989
2008
Tomorrow*
~500
100
100
~70+30
26+4
26+4
Fighter Aircrafts
Navy
Vessels+Subs
X
Army
~300 000 sold
X
x3
X
x2
H
Home Guard
~100 000 sold
~35 000
*Expeditionary
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
~22 000
Operational Armed Forces
Main Assets
1 Force Headquarter (FHQ)
2 Brigade Combat Team HQ
7 Maneuver Battalions (Mech & Light infantry)
2 Artillery Battalions
2 Air Defence Battalions
1 Ranger Battalion
1 SOF Unit
1 Intelligence Battalion
2 Engineer Battalions
1 Security Battalion
2 Logistic Battalions
3 Tank Companies
40 Home Guard Battalions
4 Mobilization Reserve Maneuver Battalions
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
7 Corvettes
4 Submarines
7 MCM vessels
2 Support ships
1 Maneuver Battalion (Amphibious)
4 Fighter Squadrons (JAS39C/D)
1 Transport Squadron (C130)
1 Helicopter Battalion (NH90, A109)
Swedish Combat Vehicle Fleet
• Update inventory
• Update ongoing activites
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
CV 90 vehicle family




CV90 – a family of combat vehicles
509 + 40 vehicles delivered 1994-2002
The different variants of CV90:
 CV 9040
354
 Forward Observation Vehicle
42
 Forward Command Vehicle
56
 Anti Aircraft Vehicle
30
 Armoured Recovery Vehicle
26
 Electric Warfare Vehicle
1
 Chassies for supporting vehicles
40
International co-operation within the
”CV90 Users Club”
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010




Deployed to Afghanistan
 7 CV9040C
 1 ARV 90C
Planning for upgrading from 2013
 Renovation
 Modifications (limited)
New fire extinguishing system
 Replacement of halon
Ongoing studies:
 Investigation of vibrations
 Rubber band tracks
Leopard 2 vehicle family




Leopard 2 vehicle family:
 MBT 122 (new Leo 2 A5S)
120 procured 1997-2002
 MBT 121 (used Leo 2 A4)
160 procured 1995-1998
 ARV 120 (armoured recovery) 14 procured 1995-1998
 AEV 120 (armoured engineer) 6 delivered from 2011
International co-operation within the
Leopard MBT ”LEOBEN Users Club”
Planning for upgrading from 2013
 Renovation & modifications (limited)
MBT 121 now phased out – to be sold
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010


Ongoing procurements:
 Mineprotection for another
 4 MBT122B
 2 ARV120B
 Ammunition for training
 Replacement of halon
Ongoing discussion:
 The need for an Armoured
Bridge Layer based upon
Leopard 2 chassies
Armoured Tracked Vehicles




”Armoured Tracked Vehicles” is the designation for many different armoured
combat vehicles in different configurations and versions
They are used in many different roles (for example personell transport,
command & control, repair, bridge laying, ambulance, others)
A process for phasing out most of these vehicles has started
 Pbv 302 (vehicle family) 292 still in service (out of 650) – 20 mm cannon being modified
 Pbv 401/4020 (MT-LB) 203 still in service (out of 520)
 Pbv 501 (BMP-1)
350 now phased out (to be sold)
 Brobv 971 (BLG 60)
12 still in service (out of 32)
 Bv 308/309 (”Bv 206S”) 93 still in service (Bv 308 for training – Bv 309 for international missions)
Discussions to initiate the procurment of a new light tracked vehicle
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Armoured Wheeled Vehicles



The armoured wheeled vehicles are mainly used as personell carriers but also
for other role functions (for example ambulance, radio link, command)
The vehicles are intended to be used mainly on roads
The armoured wheeled vehicles:
 Pasi XA-180 6x6
35 (Patgb 180 – mainly used in international missions)
 Pasi XA-202/203 6x6
170 (Patgb 202/203)
 Ongoing studies to adopt desert proven filter and to replace halon
 Ongoing conversion of 2 (or 6) XA-203 into IEDD vehicles
 Piranha IIIC ASV/ACV 10x10
13 (Patgb 97 – no longer part of operational forces)
 RG32M 4x4
260 (Ptgb 6 – now being upgraded with Protector OWS)
 Ongoing study to upgrade with ADS
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
ARCHER – Artilleri system 08




Project ARCHER – development of next generation self-propelled artillery
system
In a development phase since autumn 2008 in a co-operation with Norway

Agreement on Industrial Balance signed December 2009
Ongoing contract negotiations for series production (expected Q1 in 2010)
The Swedish Armed Forces intends to set up ARCHER battalions ready for
duty in 2011 with 24 vehicles
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
What about SEP?
• Background – previous work
• Supreme Commander Decision
• Status of today
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
From technology & concept studies…
Anders
Carell
BG
Anders
Carell
Head
Systems
Procurement
Command
HeadofofLand
Land
Systems
Procurement
Command
rd February
of February
2010
3 rd3of
2010
…using “new” AFV technologies…
• Hybrid Electric Transmission
• De-coupled Running Gear
• Rubber Band Tracks
• Twin Engines
• E t c…
Anders
Carell
BG
Anders
Carell
Head
Systems
Procurement
Command
HeadofofLand
Land
Systems
Procurement
Command
rd February
of February
2010
3 rd3of
2010
…to the modular SEP concept…
3 modular “building bricks”:
• Bottom frame
• Crew module
• Mission module
All vital systems allocated to the front
Anders
Carell
BG
Anders
Carell
Head
Systems
Procurement
Command
HeadofofLand
Land
Systems
Procurement
Command
rd February
of February
2010
3 rd3of
2010
Different test rigs…
1. ”Dr Special”
2. Bench demo
1
2
3. UK Mobile Rig
3
Anders
Carell
BG
Anders
Carell
Head
Systems
Procurement
Command
HeadofofLand
Land
Systems
Procurement
Command
4
rd February
of February
2010
3 rd3of
2010
4. Mine test
…and different demonstrators…
1. T1 (2000)
2. W1 (2003)
1
2
3. T2 (2005)
4. W2 (2006)
3
Anders
Carell
BG
Anders
Carell
Head
Systems
Procurement
Command
HeadofofLand
Land
Systems
Procurement
Command
4
rd February
of February
2010
3 rd3of
2010
Centre frame or bottom frame?
Crew module
Mission module
Bottom frame
Centre frame
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Air transportability in C130
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
SEP successfully proven with AMAPTM-ADS
Demonstration in Karlsborg spring 2007

AMAPTM-ADS



Principles:






2 RPGs shot at the same aiming point
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
from IBD
evaluated in SE
since 2002

Directed energy
μs system (~500 kg)
Hemispheric
Detection < 10 m
Interaction ~ 2 m
Collateral damage
< than w/o ADS
Against KE & CE
Decision from the Supreme Commander
 A decision was announced 4
of February 2008
not to continue the development of SEP
 The reasons were:
th
 Lack of money in the near time future
 Lack of an international partner for co-operation
 Still a need for armoured wheeled vehicles:
 A decision was taken that the procurement of armoured
wheeled vehicles shall be done ”off the shelf” in a
competition
 Still a need for light tracked vehicles:
 A decision to come
Anders
Carell
BG
Anders
Carell
Head
Systems
Procurement
Command
HeadofofLand
Land
Systems
Procurement
Command
rd February
of February
2010
3 rd3of
2010
SEP technologies
Experiences from novel technologies in SEP will be taken care of –
FMV controls some of the IPR




Digital vehicle architectures
and electronics
Electric transmissions and
hybrid electric drives for
combat vehicles
Modularity with the main
purpose to achieve flexibility
and multi-role capability
Man-machine-interface (MMI)




Active defence systems
Ballistic armour protection
and mine protection
Signature adaptation and
stealth techniques
Driving and situation
awareness (fibre optics)
Lt Col Julian Forsyth, SO1 DEC(DBE)
Anders
Carell
BG
Anders
Carell
Head
Systems
Procurement
Command
HeadofofLand
Land
Systems
Procurement
Command
rd February
of February
2010
3 rd3of
2010
Continued
AECV
Activities
 The
SEP development project at BAE Systems Hägglunds
 2007-06-11
Rickard
O. Lindström
Government funding was stopped
was ended 30th of June 2008
 BAE Systems Hägglunds has on their own behalf finalized
the production of 4 preserie SEP tracked&wheeled vehicles

First ”roll out” 19th of December 2008 (tracked)
Anders
Carell
BG
Anders
Carell
Head
Systems
Procurement
Command
HeadofofLand
Land
Systems
Procurement
Command
rd February
of February
2010
3 rd3of
2010
SEP – preserie tracked vehicle
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
SEP – preserie 6x6 wheeled vehicle
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Goodbye SEP?
Anders
Carell
BG
Anders
Carell
Head
Systems
Procurement
Command
HeadofofLand
Land
Systems
Procurement
Command
rd February
of February
2010
3 rd3of
2010
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Procurement of armoured
combat vehicles
• Historic review
• Different procurement methods
• New strategy for defence materiel supply
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Different procurement methods…
 CV 90 (development nationally)
 Leopard 2 (”off the shelf” - competition)
 MT-LB, BMP-1, BLG-60 (”opportunity from former DDR”)
 XA-202/203 (”bilaterally agreement – procurement exchange”)
 Trucks from Scania (”budget regulator”)
 Bv 208 (”industrial support”)
 Piranha III 10x10 (”special interest”)
 Toyota patrol vehicles (”panic” - UOR)
 Private cars (”general basic agreement”)
 ARCHER (”co-operation”)
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Swedish Armed Forces changed tasks
•
•
•
•
No invasion threat
Multifacitaded threat
International engagement
Immediate useable
operational forces
• Civilan and military cooperation nationally and
internationally
Volume
of tasks
Defence
for
invasion
Defence
for
insertion
Territoriell International
Invasionsförsvaret
New threats
operations
integrity
Width of missions
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
New accentuated principles for materiel supply
Reduced long term commitments towards suppliers. More
“just in time” – buy for use, not storage!
The following principles will apply for materiel supply:

Maintenance and upgrading of existing materiel when economically and
operationally feasible

Acquisition of new materiel will primarily be directed towards on the
market existing materiel – off the shelf

Development of materiel will only be considered if the desired materiel
is not available on the world market
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Strategy for Defence Materiel Supply
The model for defence materiel procurement
Consideration
Existing materiel in SwAF
1) In co-operation
2) Under national management
Adapted requirements
for the shaping of
units


Adapted
requirements
on materiel
Comparsion of alternatives
Development
1) In collaboration
2) National development
Market opportunities
1) In co-operation
2) Under national management
The model shall facilitate the balance between the shaping of the armed forces units and
the requirements on materiel
The model shall also facilitate different opportunities to realize the materiel needs
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Objective 2014
• Combat Vehicles – Plans for the future
Transformation into fewer AFV systems
Strv 122
Pbv 401 (MT-LB)
Strv 122 R
Strv 121
Pbv 501 (BMP-1)
Strf 9040 R
Strf 9040
AMV (example)
Patgb 202/203
15,5 cm ARCHER
Haubits 77B
BvS 10 (example)
Bv 309 (Bv 206 S)
2008
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
2020
3rd of February 2010
Armoured Combat Vehicles
Ongoing procurement – update
•
•
Armoured Wheeled Vehicle
New Light Tracked Vehicle
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
AWV – Armoured Wheeled Vehicle

Background:


Decision not to contiunue the
development of SEP
Still a need for armoured wheeled
vehicles for 2 mechanized battalions
AMV – Patria Vehicles


VBCI - Nexter
SEP – BAE Hägglunds
IOC 2014; 113 vehicles (first battalion)
 74 APC
Boxer - ARTEC
Piranha III – GDLS
 10 APC/Company Command
 7 Repair
 Three contractors were chosen to supply
 4 Command & Control
vehicles for an extensive series of trials
 18 Ambulance
and negotiations during spring 2009:
 BAE with SEP 6x6
Timetable:
 GDLS (Mowag) with Piranha IIIC
 RFI 13th of June 2008
 Patria with AMV
 RFI-analysis (12 replies)
 The following evaluation showed that the
th
 RFQ 30 of October 2008
AMV from was the best alternative
 Evaluation December 2008 (5 replies)
 Especially the costs were in favour for
 Negotiations Jan – May 2009
Patria – contract was signed 29th of June
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
AWV – Ongoing process

However, on 3rd of July BAE Systems send in their formal submission
of its objections and FMV had to freeze the procurement of AMVs from
Patria – FMV responsed to this 17th of July (with a rejection)
 This was followed by yet another three objections from BAE and three replies with
rejections from FMV

The 29th of October the Country Administrative Court declared that the
procurement process must be done once more time
 The verdict stated that FMV in general had conducted the procurement of armoured


wheeled vehicles according to the Swedish public procurement law
The Court had four complaints on FMV procurement, which were related to some
parts of the content and handling of the complex procurement
To guarantee delivery of armoured wheeled vehicles to the Swedish Armed
Forces' in 2014, FMV took the decision to start a new procurement as soon as
possible


An RFQ was published 30th of December with replies expected before 9th of March
A Contract Award is foreseen before the end of June 2010
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
New Light Tracked Armoured Vehicle
 There’s a need for a new light tracked vehicle
 ~100 vehicles and IOC 2014
 A procurement in competition foreseen – RFQ Q3 2010
 Key User Requirements yet to be set:

”Bigger and with better performance than Bv 309”
 Different conceptual solutions to consider:


Articulated steering (the big advantage is extreme mobility)
Tracked steering
 An interesting analysis do be done:

Costs vs effect vs freedom of action
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Possible candidates – Light tracked vehicle
BvS10
Mk II
ATTC
Bronco
SEP
”tracked”
Total weight
14,6 ton
16 ton
17,5-23 ton
Load Capability
2,6+3,4 = 6 ton
4,8 ton
6-11,5 ton
Volume Capacity
12 m3 (4+8 pers)
>12 m3 (4+8 pers)
13 m3 (2+10 pers)
Maximum speed
65 km/h
60 km/h
85 km/h (electric hybrid)
Mobility
Very good
Very good
Good (rough terrain)
KE: < STANAG 4
Mines: < STANAG 2a/2b
KE: < STANAG 4
Mines: < STANAG 2a/2b
KE: < STANAG 5+
Mines: < STANAG 4a/4b+
Articulated steering
C130 transportability
Articulated steering
C130 transportability
Changeable rolemodule
C130 transportability
(cross country)
Protection
(with add-on-armour)
Others
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Summary
 Swedish declaration of solidarity

We have a new alignment policy
 Transformation into a new defence - with a substantially
strengthened defence capability

A functional, available and flexible defence
 New accentuated principles for materiel supply

Extended use of existing materiel and market opportunities
 Filling the capability gaps with new wheeled and tracked
armoured fighting vehicles

A challange to find the right balance between costs,
performance and freedom of action
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010
Anders Carell
Head of Land Systems Procurement Command
3rd of February 2010