Program Overview
Transcription
Program Overview
V olu m e 1, N u m be r 3 Ju ly, 2000 W E A P O N S Y S T E M S T E C H N O L O GY IN F O R M A T IO N A N A L Y S IS C E N T E R C on ten ts Area D en ial For N ext Gen eration …………………………. 1 M IC RO Air V ehic les …………… 6 In the n ew s ………………………..,8 Join s the team …………………….9 EM C Aw aren ess ………………..9 Sm artW eapon s C on f …...10 IAC Rou n d u p …………………… 10 C alen d ar of ev en ts ………… 11 by Kent Kogler, WSTIAC Victor Kokodis, Paul Kisatsky, Rick Wagner TACOM-ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal,NJ Program Overview W STIAC is a D oD In form ation An alysis C en ter Spon sored by the D efen se Tec hn ic al In form ation C en ter an d Operated by IiT Researc h In stitu te Under a recently completed contract with U.S. Army ARDEC, a team of technical experts and service providers was assembled to demonstrate that anti-personnel land mines could be replaced by sensors without sacrificing Area Denial objectives. Area denial is an essential element of warfare used to delay, disrupt, destroy or channelize enemy forces into a situation where they may be attacked by friendly forces. Currently, WSTIAC, under a new contract with ARDEC, is continuing to employ this assembly of experts and service providers to tailor and modify existing hardware to explore tradeoffs of Area Denial Anti-Vehicle concepts. Area Denial concepts, as applied to the Next Generation of Scatterable mines (NGSM), are oriented to the philosophy of greatly reducing the cost and logistics burden of the current Family of Scatterable Mines (FASCAM) while maintaining or improving their current effectiveness. By extending the sensing radius of the mines and employing some level of warhead mobility, each mine can protect a larger surrounding area, thus reducing the number of mines required per minefield. Reducing the logistic burden of the number of scatterable mines, is directly supportive of the current army philosophy to lighten the future combat system (FCS). U. S. Army ARDEC is evolving the NGSM to populate an Area Denial System (ADS). NGSM endows ADS with several advantages as depicted in Figure 1. Figure 1. NGSM Area Denial Architecture It is desirable that NGSM concepts be compatible with delivery by the Volcano Launcher, a typical laydown randomly distributing the mines in a 960 meter by 150 meter field. Future delivery modes being considered are Smart Carriers and UAVs. A single communication node will remotely activate or deactivate the mine field. Current scatterable anti-tank mines (FASCAM) rely on the probability, for a given density of mines, of a target rolling over the mine to achieve a kill. The NGSM will detect a target at a distance and within an extended range, deliver the warhead to it. NGSM is a smart mine approach introducing mobility and a target sensor/tracker to the mine, endowing it with the ability to move toward or to fire toward the target. The NGSM thus increases its lethal radius from near zero to a range at which warhead penetration is assured. In effect, the width of the target is increased significantly, thus improving the probability of engaging a mine. As demonstrated by Figures 2 and 3, even modest increases in lethal radius greatly reduce the density, cost and logistic burden of NGSM’ s relative to the conventional FASCAM mine field. 2 WSTIAC NEWSLETTER, 3rd Quarter 2000 Figure 2. Probability Of Encountering A Mine With FASCAM Next Generation Scatterable Mines Four approaches to Area Denial For Next Generation Scatterable Mines have been identified by the technical team of experts and are now being conceptually developed in this program. Various warheads are being analyzed to determine those most compatible with the evolving mine concepts and effectively killing armored and vehicle targets. (WSTIAC is developing concepts 3&4.) Figure 4. Motorized SUBOT Figure 3. Probability Of Encountering A Mine With NGSM 1) SAIC Center For Intelligent Systems is developing a prototype motorized SUBOT. This mine moves to the target aided by on board sensors. Once under the target, the warhead engages the vehicle. (See Figure 4.) 2) Tracer Round, Ltd. is developing a prototype mine (Spider) that deploys a tethered mechanism that attaches itself to the target. Once attached, the EFP warhead pulls itself toward the target along the tether. (See Figure 5.) Figure 5. Munition Configuration 3 3) The Side Attack Mine (SAM), being developed by WSTIAC, can acquire and rotationally track the target from its ground stationary position and side attack the target from a distance with its warhead. (See Figure 6.) SAM Constructed From L ight W e ight-High Impact Plastic 4) The Bounder, the second mine concept being developed by WSTIAC, overcomes obstacles in the line of sight by acquiring the target and bounding up about one meter, tracking the target and engaging it from a distance with its warhead. (See Figure 7.) SAM Feet A c tivated M e c h a n ically (Spring) Or By M o tor Azimuth (360°) And A ltitude EFP A iming By Sensors, C o m p u ter, A n d S tepper M o tors S A M F ires EFP From Side Side A ttack Munition (SA M ) Conceptual Design Figure 6. Side Attack Munition (SAM) Figure 7. Bounding Munition 4 WSTIAC NEWSLETTER, 3rd Quarter 2000 Sensors Implementation of the above concepts requires incorporation of a sensor able to detect a target and then provide target bearing and target range. The detection range may exceed the kill range to compensate for the reaction time of the mine to intercept the target path or orient its warhead toward the target. A variety of sensor approaches are being traded off to identify the best approaches for the above concepts. Quantum Magnetics Inc. will be demonstrating a gradient magnetometer based on magneto-resistive sensors. A field experiment will be conducted this summer to evaluate target detection ranges and bearing accuracy, discrimination of target types and resolution of multiple targets. SenTech is fabricating a combined acoustic/laser range finder sensor to also be demonstrated later this summer. In this approach, established acoustic sensing, developed on previous ARDEC programs, provides target bearing and signature information and is complimented by a COTS laser range finder. The Ohio State University Electro-Sciences Laboratory is studying ultra-wide band radar and antennas compatible with the mines and their deployment. Experiments, initiated in the previous program, are being conducted to demonstrate near ground propagation ranges and potential for penetrating foliage. Other potential sensing mechanisms such as fiber-optic trip wires are being studied by WSTIAC. Summary The current program addressing Area Denial For NGSM Exploration is being conducted in two phases, the first phase culminating in the demonstration of four concepts to substantially increase the kill radius of anti-vehicle mines. While the first phase demonstration will not employ sensors to detect and acquire targets, sensor candidates will be analyzed and demonstrated to identify those sensor concepts to be carried into a second phase demonstration. The second phase will culminate in autonomous target detection and acquisition demonstrating ability to kill the target. Georgia Ins titu te of Tech nology Continu ing Ed u cation is presenting its annuals h ort cou rse offering: Greg Stenzoski, Marketing Specialist Georgia Tech Continuing Education N Noovveem mb beerr 1144--1177,, 22000000 This intensive, four-day course provides the background for understanding modern Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC) systems. The course will describe the principles of Inertial Navigation Systems (INS), how INS errors arise and grow with time, and how other navigation systems (e.g. GPS) are integrated with an INS. Attendees will learn how flight vehicles are modeled, understand their dynamic behavior, and how their autopilots and stability augmentation systems are designed. Missile guidance systems will be described, their performance limitations given, and the techniques for assessing missdistance performance will be explained and illustrated. Software tools and simulations will be used to illustrate appropriate ideas, and course notes will be provided to each attendee. The course is designed for engineers and scientists involved in the guidance, navigation, and control of land, sea, or air vehicles, whether piloted or automatically guided. Attendees will be able to improve their analytical understanding of the performance limitations, design trade-offs, and methods of analysis and simulation of these systems. For more information, visit the Georgia Tech Continuing Education web site at http://www.conted.gatech.edu/home www.conted.gatech.edu/home, contact them via e-mail at [email protected], or call (404) 385-3543. 5 by James M. McMichael, and Col. Michael S. Francis, USAF (Ret.) formerly of DARO … In Touch With The User Success in any MAV mission rests with ability to establish a successful, robust communications link between the MAV and its user/operator. Figure 1 illustrates some of the factors influencing the communication systems design. Note: Continued from last issue. severely restrictive for urban operations, so other approaches will have to be found. One approach is to explore cellular communication architectures. …MAV Payloads The first generation MAVs will be equipped with sensor packages to accomplish various reconnaissance or surveillance tasks. A variety of sensors will have to be adapted and integrated into MAV systems. These may include optical, IR, acoustic, bio-chemical, nuclear, and others. Figure 1. Issues Influencing MAV Communications Communication problems relate primarily to the small vehicle size, hence small antenna size, and to the limited power available to support the bandwidth required (2-4 megabits per second) for image transmission. Control functions demand much lower bandwidth capabilities, in the 10's of kilobits range, at most. Image compression helps reduce the bandwidth requirement, but this increases onboard processing and hence power requirements. The limited power budget means the omni-directional signal will be quite weak. So directional ground antennas may be required to track the vehicle, using line-of-sight transmissions. But limitations to line-of-sight would be A visible imaging system is perhaps the most sought after payload for initial MAV applications and it fortunately employs the most mature of the micro sensor technologies. Figure 2 depicts a tiny video camera system envisioned by Lincoln Laboratory. The camera would weigh only 1 gram and occupy roughly one cubic centimeter, as shown in comparison to a deer fly. The camera would have 1000x1000 pixels and require as little as 25 milliwatts of power. The Lincoln Laboratory study suggests that this concept is feasible with emerging technology in about two years. To add more substance to the discussion, consider the use of this payload in a compatible MAV design (Figure 3). This 8 cm (3 inch) concept vehicle was also studied by Lincoln Laboratory investigators. The overall weight of the vehicle is only 10 grams, and the total power required is 1 watt. Note that propulsion would require 90 percent of the available power and 70 percent of the total weight. This vehicle concept envisions a video system that operates at only one frame every two seconds. The video system is forward mounted, and looks down at 45 degrees to the direction of flight. Higher frame rates will increase the demand for high-power and high-energy-density sources. Additional power would be required for on-board image compression and for higher data rate communications. 6 WSTIAC NEWSLETTER, 3rd Quarter 2000 Figure 2. MAV Camera Concept (Source –MIT Lincoln Laboratory) Figure 3. MIT Lincoln Laboratory MAV Concept It is more likely that in the near term fixed wing MAVs will be closer to 6 inches in length, weigh on the order of 50 grams and require 8-10 watts of power. Here too, the propulsion systems will consume nearly 90 percent of all available power, leaving only 10 percent for avionics systems, including communications. their cost is prohibitive. For many of the routine missions being considered, an expendable MAV must cost no more that an anti-tank round. ....Soldier Proofing Despite the significant challenges facing the MAV developer, all indications are that these systems can be developed with today's emerging electronic and related technologies. Recognize that this statement permits an evolution of capability over time that will begin with the simplest of systems and missions. While small scale poses enormous technical challenges, it offers major advantages, not just in terms of enabling new missions, but in terms of potentially short fabrication and testing time scales. These "small" time scales may help insure brief "gestation periods" (development cycle times) for each generation of capability. If this is so, we may optimistically anticipate a rapid evolution of MAVs to militarily useful and flexible systems in the not-too-distant future. u Building a Micro Air Vehicle that can fly and perform a useful function is indeed a significant challenge. But fielding a system which can survive in a range of nasty, treacherous military environments increases the challenge by at least another order of magnitude. External flight issues such as ambient temperatures, winds, moisture, and salt spray are only a fraction of the problem. MAVs must be designed to be safe and simple to operate, preferably by an individual soldier. The launch system must accommodate possible severe initial conditions, such as being launched at speed or at an extreme angle. Electronic connectivity must be rapid and secure. And control interfaces must involve minimal concentration, freeing the operator to perform other duties. The MAV must have a simple logistic tail. It must either be expendable or it must be easy to repair under field conditions. It must easily integrate into the combatant's field pack, and must be well-protected from hazards, including shock, until it is operated. Finally, the MAV must be affordable. Affordability is, to some extent, dictated by the complexity and importance of the mission. But MAVs will not be fielded in large numbers if A Final Note References: 1. Hundley Richard O., Gritton, Eugene C., "Future Technology-Driven Revolutions in Military Operations," Documented Briefing of the RAND National Defense Research Institute, December 1992. 2. Davis, W.R., "Micro UAV," Presentation to 23rd Annual AUVSI Symposium, 15-19 July, 1996. Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 7 D r. W e s K itc h e n s jo in s W S T IA C a s C h ie f S c ie n tis t Dr. Kitchens is the Chief Scientist of the Weapon Systems Technology Information Analysis Center, managed for DoD by the IIT Research Institute. He has more than three decades of experience planning, conducting and managing weapons-related research and development programs. His technical experience includes work at the Atlantic Research Corporation, as an Instructor at North Carolina State University, military service as an Army Ordnance Officer, and civilian leadership positions at the Ballistic Research Laboratory, Army Research Laboratory, Army Armament Research Development and Engineering Center, Office of the Director of Defense Research and Engineering and the Army Materiel Command. While Director for Weapons Technologies, Office of the Director of Defense Research and Engineering, he was responsible for providing technical leadership, management oversight, policy guidance and coordination for DoD conventional weapons, directed energy weapons and electronic warfare science and technology programs valued at $1 billion annually. In his previous position as Principal Deputy for Technology, Army Materiel Command, he was the chief technology executive for a 58,000-person major Army command with seven R&D laboratories and engineering centers and a $0.9 billion annual science and technology program conducted in cooperation with 24 foreign counties. He holds BS and MS degrees from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and a Ph.D degree from North Carolina State University, all in engineering mechanics. He has more than 50 technical publications related to weapons technologies and effects. His international activities have included serving as the U.S. National Leader for the TTCP Weapons Group (involving United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and New Zealand), U.S. Chairman of the Senior National Representatives (Army) Future Tank Main Armament Interoperability Working Group (involving France, Germany and United Kingdom) and co-chair of executive-level technology oversight committees with France, Germany and United Kingdom, among others. Dr. Kitchens is a registered Professional Engineer, an Associate Fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and a Fellow Emeritus of the Army Research Laboratory and Ballistic Research Laboratory. His other honors include: NASA Traineeship, Ford Foundation Fellowship, Army Superior Civilian Service Award (two awards), Army Meritorious Civilian Service Award, Army Decoration for Exceptional Civilian Service (two awards), American Defense Preparedness Association Firepower Award for Development, Honorable Order of Saint Barbara (Field Artillery) and the Presidential Rank Award of Meritorious Executive. He is listed in “Who’ s Who in America”and other reference publications. He is married to the former Terry Lee Worsley of Winchester, VA. He and his wife have two grown children, Kathy and Mark. WSTIAC Wants Your Contributions u We hope you find this issue of the WSTIAC Newsletter useful and interesting. You can help us to better serve you by your contributions, such as: u Your comments on what you liked and disliked about the Newsletter u Your suggestions for WSTIAC data products and services u Technical articles, opinion pieces, tutorials, news releases or letters to the Editor for publication in the Newsletter u To contact WSTIAC, use any of the ways listed on the back cover, or use the feedback form on the WSTIAC webpage u We welcome your contributions. 8 WSTIAC NEWSLETTER, 3rd Quarter 2000 Dr. Ted McClanahan has joined the staff of WSTIAC as a Senior Weapons Technology Analyst. He is a retired naval aviator and aeronautical engineer. During his Navy career, he flew P-3 Orion aircraft whose mission was maritime reconnaissance and anti-submarine warfare. He pursued postgraduate studies in Physics and Mechanical Engineering. His shore tours included program management billets in cruise missile test and evaluation, the acquisition of aviation systems and weapons, and an assignment on an aircraft carrier as the air traffic control director. He also taught physics for three years at the U.S. Naval Academy. Dr. Ted McClanahan, Senior W ea p o n s T ec h n o l o g y A n a l y s t Since retiring from the military, Dr. McClanahan has worked in highly technical, challenging programs including submarine noise quieting, low frequency active sonar development, over-the-horizon radar system development, and aging navy aircraft refurbishment. Utilizing this diverse technical background, he will focus his WSTIAC efforts on Navy and Air Force aviation programs as well as maritime weapons technology. A three-day short course presented by the Weapon Systems Technology Information Analysis Center C ou rse Sc hed u le 25-27 July –Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 12-14 September –San Diego, CA 9 15-17 August 2000 Huntsville, AL 19-21 September 2000 Omaha, NB For details contact Ms. Jeri McAllister. IIT Research Institute Phone: 256-382-4700, ext 4715, FAX: 256-382-4701 Email: [email protected] by Vakare Valaitis A new distance learning course: Internet based and free of charge this course offers a STIP overview, STIP policies and regulations, where to locate technical information, and much more. There are audio/video features, interactive exercises, discussion group, chat room, and Ask-the-Instructor. The course will be useful to STINFO managers, librarians, data managers, technology transfer officers, security managers, industrial program managers, and anyone needing an introduction to or overview for the STINFO class. Use as a preview or refresher to the STINFO class. For further information see: http://training.dtic.mil/welcome/welcome.html The DTIC Annual Users Meeting and Training, November 6-9, 2000 A wide variety of outstanding speakers and exhibits have been brought together to bring up to date developments in the field of information. See what will help you meet the increasingly difficult challenges you face operating in the rapidly changing DoD environment. Join many of your colleagues to hear what is happening within DoD. Hear what the leaders in our field have to say about new tools, techniques and how security issues are being addressed. Get it from the source as DTIC staff members brief on new and enhanced services and demonstrate new products. The conference will be held at the DoubleTree Hotel Rockville located at 1750 Rockville Pike, Rockville, Maryland, only a short ride away from our nation's capital. The DoubleTree is situated next to the Twinbrook Metro Stop. In keeping with popular and long-standing tradition, the conference includes an opportunity to participate in informative and entertaining tours. The exhibits will provide an opportunity to talk face to face in a relaxed setting with DTIC representatives as well as those from other government information agencies and commercial vendors. 10 WSTIAC NEWSLETTER, 3rd Quarter 2000 14-17 August 2000 AIAA Guidance Navigation and Control Conference Denver CO For additional information http://www.aiaa.org/calendar/gncce00cfp.html 22-24 August 2000 AF Laser Hardened Materials Program Review NIST, Boulder CO. For additional information contact IRIA 734.994.1200 ex 2821. Email: [email protected] 28-31 August 2000 Joint Services Small Arms Symposium & Exhibition Indianapolis, IN For additional information Email: [email protected] http://register.ndia.org/interview/register.ndia?~Brochure~ 061 6-8 September 2000 Federal Database Colloquium and Exposition San Diego CA For additional information call 800.336.4583 ext 6130 Email: [email protected] http://www.afcea.com/database2000/default.htm 13 September 2000 Theater Ballistic Missile Defense Conference Kossiakoff Center/APL Laurel MD For additional information: Email: [email protected] http://register.ndia.org/interview/register.ndia?~Brochure~ 016 18-21 September 2000 Undersea Warfare Fall Conference Groton, CT For additional information Email: [email protected] http://register.ndia.org/interview/register.ndia?~Brochure~ 024 19-22 September 2000 Fourth Joint International Military Sensing Symposium Formerly NATO-IRIS Joint Symposium Ecole Polytechnique Palaiseau, France For additional information call IRIA at 734.994.1200 x2881 19-22 September 2000 Advanced Electronic Warfare Principles Short Course/$996 Georgia Institute of Technology For additional information call 404.385.3502 Email: [email protected] http://www.conted.gatech.edu 19-22 September 2000 Infrared Technology and Applications Short Course/$1295 Georgia Institute of Technology For additional information call 404.385.3502 Email: [email protected] http://www.conted.gatech.edu The WSTIAC Newsletter is the current awareness publication of the Weapon Systems Technology Information Analysis Center (WSTIAC). WSTIAC, a Department of Defense (DoD) Information Analysis Center (IAC), is administratively managed by the Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA), Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) under the DoD IAC Program. The Contracting Officer’ s Technical Representative (COTR) for WSTIAC is Mr. H. Jack Taylor, ODUSD (S&T), Defense Pentagon, Washington, D.C. 20301-3080, (703) 588-7405. IIT Research Institute operates WSTIAC, which services Government, industry, and academia as a Center of Excellence in Weapon Systems Technology. WSTIAC Director: Richard Hayes 256.382.4700, ext 4746 Email: [email protected] General Information: Carole Simko 312.567.4587 Email: [email protected] Database Inquiries: Vakare Valaitis 312.567.4345 Email: [email protected] To order WSTIAC products: Voice: 312.567.4587 Fax: 312.567.4889 Internet: http://wstiac.iitri.org All data and information herein reported are believed to be reliable; however, no warrant, expressed or implied, is to be construed as to the accuracy or the completeness of the information presented. The view, opinion, and findings contained in this publication are those of the author(s) and should not be construed as an official Agency position, policy, or decision, unless so designated by other official documentation. 11 WSTIAC Information Request Please return this form to … IIT Research Institute/WSTIAC ATTN: Publication Department 10 West 35th Street Chicago, IL 60616-3799 or fax … 312 . 567 . 4889 £ Add my name to the WSTIAC Newsletter mailing list £ Correct my address information (see below) £ Please send WSTIAC Technical Area Task Information (government) £ Please send WSTIAC Subscriber Information (Industry) £ Please send WSTIAC publications list £ Please send WSTIAC general information £ Please send information on GENESIS Model Name: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Organization: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Address: ____________________________________________________ Telephone: ___________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ Fax: __________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ E-mail: _______________________________________________ Please also add my name to the following mailing lists: £ MTIAC Manufacturing Technology Quality £ RAC Reliability Maintainability and Processes WSTIAC 10 West 35th Street Chicago, IL 60616-3799 215 Wynn Drive, Suite 101 Huntsville, AL 35805 In sid e this issu e … Area D e n ial For N e xt Ge n e ration M IC RO Air V ehic le s In the n e w s Join s the team EM C Aw are n e ss Sm artW eapon s C on fere n c e IAC Rou n d u p C ale n d ar of ev e n ts £ AMPTIAC Advanced Materials and Testing £ MSIAC Modeling and Simulation £ IATAC Information Assurance Nonprofit Organization U.S. Postage Paid Chicago, IL Permit No.4885