Pat-Add Rheol 253

Patcham Additives for Patcham
Additives for
Composites
p
Complete Package of various Complete
Package of various
additives and its performances
Contents
• UPR Industries
• Patcham Additives
Patcham Additives
Defoamers
Surface Modifiers
Rheology Modifiers
Rheology Modifiers
Wetting and Dispersing Agents
Co catalyst replacement
UPR and Related Resin Industryy
Unsaturated Polyester Resin
• Product of chemical reaction of saturated and unsaturated di‐
carboxylic acids with alcohols
• Cross‐linked with a vinyl reactive monomer will form highly C
li k d ith i l
ti
ill f
hi hl
durable structures and coatings
• Utilized globally for the manufacture of products such as:
g
y
p
Sanitary‐ware pipes, Tanks, Gratings, Marine, Automotive industry
Building and construction
Current Market Trend
Current Market Trend
By end use
• Wind Energy
Wind Energy
• Construction
• Transportation
• Consumer Goods
• Others (Automotive ,Marine, Gel coats Oth (A t
ti M i G l
t
etc…)
Patcham Additives Application in UPR Systems •
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Pigment Dispersions
Pi
t Di
i
Gel Coats
SMCs
BMCs
Pulltrusions
Clear Top Coats
Hand Lay ups
Spray applications
Spray applications
Patcham Additives
Defoamers
Leveling Additive
Rheology Modifier
Pat‐Add AF 75
Pat‐Add AF 76
Pat‐Add LE 1065
Pat‐Add LE 1065
Pat‐Add Rheol 253
Pat‐Add Rheol
Pigment Dispersion, Anti Flooding and Floatation
Accelerators for curing
Pat Add DA 2702
Pat‐Add
DA 2702
Pat‐Add DA 2047
Patcure 2716 Defoamers
 Defoamer should have limited solubility (incompatibility)
in the coating and side effects such as crater formation.
 Lower surface tension.
 Works through direct destruction of macro foam at the
air interface and by avoiding major air entrapment.
Free from defects
Ecology
Incompatibility
Selection of defoamer
1 Defoamer emulsified into fine droplets and combine
1.
with stabilizing surfactant layer and penetrate in to
the foam lamella.
lamella
2. Spread across the disrupted surfactant layer.
3 The film exhibits lower elasticity which leads to
3.
destabilization of lamella.
4 Destabilization leads to the rupture of the lamella.
4.
lamella
Mechanism of Defoaming Coalescence of micro bubbles
 Deaerators (non polar) are oriented in such a way to
surround the air bubbles.
 These bubbles come together and fuse to form bigger air
bubbles. Fusion takes place because of the reduced
interaction of deaerator and binder.
binder
 At this moment coalescence takes place and leads to the
bigger
gg bubble formation.
Stoke’s law – Bigger air bubbles moves with higher velocity than small bubbles.
Pat‐Add AF 75
Patcham defoamer
 Polymeric
Polymeric de‐aerator and defoamer
de aerator and defoamer for use in UP for use in UP
systems, gelcoats.  Demonstrates fast de‐airing and excellent Demonstrates fast de airing and excellent
compatibility with a wide variety of systems at low dosages
Physical Characteristics
Appearance Viscosity @ 25°C, Specific gravity @ 25°C, approx Composition Solid Content(120°C/1 Hr.) : : : : : Clear colourless liquid
<75 cP
0.890 organic polymer compound in hydrocarbon solvent
in hydrocarbon solvent 38.0± 2.0% Pat‐Add AF 75
Performance test in Iso‐UPR against Reference 1
Blank
l k
Pat‐Add AF 75
dd
Ref 1
f
Blank
l k
Pat‐Add AF 75
dd
Ref 1
f
• Pat-Add AF 75 is suitable for avoiding air entrapment in
ambient curing system as well as pulltrution process of
composites.
composites
Pat‐Add AF 75
Performance test in Iso‐UPR against Reference 1
Test Formula
RAW MATERIALS
UPR
Co (Accelerator
Defoamer
Hardener (MEKP)
TOTAL
Blank
Pat‐Add
AF 75
BLANK
Pat‐Add AF 75
Reference
1
Clear
Clear
Clear
Rate of Defoaming
3
1
1
Appearance after curing (from g(
moulded panels)
Transpare
nt with entrapped pp
micro foam
Opaque
p q
Opaque
p q
PROPERTIES
Refernce 1
100 00
100.00
100 00
100.00
100 00
100.00
1.50
1.50
1.50
‐‐
0.15
0.15
2.00
2.00
2.00
103.50
103.65
103.65
Appearance of Solution
Pat‐Add AF 75
Performance test in Iso‐UPR against Reference 2
PROPERTIES
BLANK
Pat‐Add
AF 75
Reference 2
Appearance of Solution
Clear
Clear
Slight hazy
3
1
2
Slight Opaque
Opaque
Rate of Defoaming*
Transparent Appearance with after curing (from moulded entrapped micro foam
panels)
Bl k
Blank Pat‐Add AF 75 Reference 2
P t Add AF 75
R f
2
Pat‐Add AF 76
Patcham defoamer
 Silicone
Silicone‐free,
free, polymeric de
polymeric de‐aerator
aerator and defoamer
and defoamer for for
use in UPR systems, as well as in PUR and epoxy systems.  Demonstrates fast de‐airing and excellent compatibility with a wide variety of mentioned resins based formulations. formulations
 Especially recommended for clear, transparent systems.
Physical Characteristics
Appearance Viscosity @ 25°C,
Viscosity @ 25
C, Specific gravity @ 25°C, approx Composition : : :
: : Clear colourless liquid <25 cP
<25 cP
0.890 organic polymer compound in hydrocarbon and ester solvents Pat‐Add AF 76
Performance test in UPR Clear Laminates against Reference 3
Blank Pat‐Add AF 76 Ref. 3
Blank Pat‐Add AF 76 Ref. 3
ISOPHTHALIC UPR SYSTEM
ORTHOPHTHALIC UPR SYSTEM
Benefits of Pat‐Add AF 76
 Highly recommended for clear laminates
 Produce good appearance
 Maintains and does not alter film p
properties
p
of laminates
or composites
Role of additive in reduction in surface tension
Addition of small quantity of
Polysiloxane reduces surface
tension of liquid.
Liquid surface tension q
f
>
substrate surface energy
Liquid surface tension is Liquid will not spread or it will bead up on the surface.
Liquid will spread or “wet out” the surface. reduced and is now <
than substrate energy
Pat‐Add LE 1065
Patcham Surface Modifier
 Efficient surface tension modifier, effective ffi i
f
i
difi
ff i
at very low concentrations
 Promotes film levelling and avoiding formation of craters
 Provides excellent surface smoothness, slip and mar resistance counteracts pigment
and mar resistance, counteracts pigment floating
 Suitable for use in pigmented as well as S it bl f
i i
t d
ll
clear coating systems.
Performance of Pat‐Add LE 1065 in white top coat formulation
in white top coat formulation
Pat‐Add LE 1065
Parameters
Gloss @ 200
Gloss @ 20
Gloss @ 600
After stability
Gloss @ 200
Gl
Gloss @ 60
@ 600
Craters rating
LE 1065 Reference 4
94
83 5
83.5
98.5
97.8
85.9
93 8
93.8
0
44.3
86 7
86.7
5
Reference 4
Raw Materials
Ortho UPR
TiO2
Patcure 2716
LE 1065/
Reference 4
% Wt
100
15
0.25
0.6
Rheology
Rh l
Rheology is the study of flow and deformation i th t d f fl
dd f
ti
of materials under applied forces
of materials under applied forces
• When a force is applied to a liquid, the liquid will
flow to relieve the strain from this force
• Different systems will resist this flow differently from
other and the measurement of the resistance of the
system is the measure of viscosity of the system
Classifications on the basis of Rheology
Classifications on the basis of Rheology
Rheology
Newtonian Rheology
Non‐ Newtonian Rheology
Pseudo plastic
Dilatants
Thixotropic
Different flow profiles
p
Newtonian fluid is independent of shear rate
Example‐ Water, Certain oils
Pseudoplastic
p
‐ Decrease in viscosityy when the shear rate is increased
Example‐Emulsions, suspensions , dispersions, paint, ink and adhesive systems
Thixotropic ‐ Viscosity decreases with increase in shear rate until a
minimum is reached. Once the shearing force is stopped the viscosity
recovers over time.
Dilatant ‐ Increase in viscosity as the shear rate increases (shear
thickening).
Example‐highly
p
g y concentrated suspensions
p
or slurries
Different Shear Profiles
Pseudoplastic
V
I
S
C
O
S
I
T
Y
Dilatant
Newtonian
SHEAR RATE ( S‐1)
Different Shear Profiles
V
I
S
C
O
S
I
T
Y
Thixotropic
Viscosity Decrease
Viscosity Recover
SHEAR RATE ( S‐1)
The viscosity decreases with increase in shear rate until a minimum is reached.
Once the shearing force is stopped the viscosity recovers over time
Different Rheology demand for the paint
Different Rheology demand for the paint
Classifications of Rheology Modifiers (Functional Group)
Rheology Modifiers
Clays
Cell lose deri ati es (CMC /HEC )
Cellulose derivatives (CMC /HEC ) Acrylic Thickeners ( ASE )
Acrylic Thickeners ( ASE )
Hydrophobically Modified Alkali Swellable Emulsions (HASE)
y p
y
(
)
Hydrophobically modified Ethoxylated Urethanes (HEUR) Rheology of UPR Systems
of UPR Systems
• FFumed
d silica
ili and
d clay
l –based
b d additives
dditi
are used
d as solid
lid thixotropes
thi t
to control UPR formulations. These materials through hydrogen
bonding are able to create three‐dimesional network which result
to pseudoplastic and thixotropic flow behavior.
behavior
• Enhance and boost the three dimensional structure by liquid
rheology modifier is added to improve thixotropy and even reduce
the loading of clays and fumed silica.
silica
Pat Add Rheol 253
Pat‐Add Rheol
Fumed Silica
Three dimensional network boost by Pat‐Add Rheol 253 Pat Add Rheol 253
Pat‐Add Rheol
 A liquid rheology modifier for use in UP y
g
systems, gelcoats.  Contributes to the formation of a thixotropical structure and reduces risk of structure and reduces risk of
separation.  Demonstrates excellent compatibility with a wide variety of systems.
wide variety of systems.
Performance of Pat‐Add Rheol 253
Formulation
Rheol 253
Reference 5
UPR Resin
86.72
86.72
Pat‐Add Rheol 253
0.13
‐‐
‐‐
0.13
0.5
‐‐
‐‐
0.5
0.3
‐‐
‐‐
0.3
7.8
7.8
2
2
2.55
2.55
100.00
100.00
Reference 5
Pat‐Add AF 75
Reference 1
Pat‐Add LE 1065
Reference 4
Pigment R 902
Aerosil 200
Cobalt 1% drier
Total
• Rheol
253 does not
require any chemical
activation.
ti ti
•Rheol
Rheol 253 is liquid
Rhelogy Modifier which
contributes thixotropical
structure and reduce risk
of sedimentation in UPR
gell coatt system.
t
Performance of Pat‐Add Rheol 253
Viscosity measured in Cps
Viscosity measured in Cps
Initial Viscosity
35000
After 12 hr Viscosity
30000
40000
35000
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
6
25000
10
Rheol 253 20
30
Ref.5
6
60
After 1 Month Stability Viscosity
10
Rheol 253 20
30
Ref.5
60
After 1 week Stability Viscosity
30000
25000
20000
20000
15000
15000
10000
10000
5000
5000
0
0
6
10
Rheol 253
Rheol 253 20
30
Ref 5
Ref.5
60
6
10
Rheol 253 h l
20
30
Ref.5
f
60
Colorants for UPR System
Colorants for UPR System
 Multi compatible: the best dispersing agent for UPR
pigment concentrates
 High pigment and filler loadings for pigment
concentrates
 Robust stabilization of gel coats
 Enhanced brilliance of color and transparency for
organic pigments
 Improved opacity for opaque and inorganic pigments
 Improved leveling, high gloss and color strength
Pat Add DA 2047
Pat‐Add DA 2047
 Strong adsorption properties onto a wide variety S
d
i
i
id
i
of pigment surfaces
 Excellent dispersion stability
 Low viscosity for high loading pigment y
g
gpg
dispersions  Produce high transparency for fine particle sized Produce high transparency for fine particle sized
pigments. Pat-Add DA 2047
R i Mi
Resin
Minimal
i l Pi
Pigmentt C
Colorants
l
t
Guideline Formulations for UPR
Raw Materials
PW 6
SP.Black 4
Pat‐Add
DA 2047
Ref 6
Ref 6
Pat‐Add DA 2047
Ref 6
Saturated Polyester
33.00
33.00
25.00
25.00
48.00
48.00
Additive
5.00
5.00
15.00
15.00
14.00
14.00
Pigment
60.00
60.00
15.00
15.00
14.00
14.00
2.00
2.00
45.00
45.00
24.00
24.00
Total
100 00
100.00
100 00
100.00
100 00
100.00
100 00
100.00
100 00
100.00
100 00
100.00
%SOP
2.50%
2.50%
30.00%
30.00%
30.00%
30.00%
Initial viscosity of millbase
1081
1100
432
789
1553
1396
Final viscosity of PC.
950
930
1754
2289
1243
1236
Grinding time:
1 hr
1 hr
1 hr 30 min.
1 hr 30 min
2 hr
2 hr
RPM
RPM:
4000
4000
5000
5000
5000
5000
Mill base
Pat‐Add DA 2047
PB 15:3
Letdown
Saturated Polyester
Pat-Add DA 2047
Resin Minimal Pigment Colorants
Color Measurement
PW 6
Opacity
(Mass tone)
SP.Black 4
Pat‐Add Reference 6
DA 2047
PB 15:3
Pat‐Add Reference 6
DA 2047
Pat‐Add Reference 6
DA 2047
Over White
L*
96.86
96.47
2.09
2.88
33.32
29.86
a*
‐0.22
‐0.06
0.07
‐0.05
‐39.36
‐35.56
b*
2 98
2.98
3 12
3.12
‐0.26
0 26
‐0.29
0 29
‐29.06
29 06
‐29.06
29 06
L*
NA
NA
54.28
51.28
67.51
68.19
a*
NA
NA
‐0.88
‐0.60
‐20.45
‐20.15
b*
NA
NA
‐2.49
‐1.59
‐29.83
‐28.91
Tinting Strength
(10% Reduction)
Color Values
Pat-Add DA 2047
Resin Minimal Pigment Colorants
White TR 902 Special Black 4 Phthalo Blue 15:3
DA 2047 Reference 6 f
DA 2047 Reference 6 f
DA 2047 Reference 6 f
Pat-Add DA 2047
R i Mi
Resin
Minimal
i l Pi
Pigmentt C
Colorants
l
t
Mold
ld application in ISO Phthalic UPR System
li i i SO h h li
S
Pat Add DA 2702
Pat‐Add DA 2702
 Wetting and dispersing additives for p
y
dispersion of commonly used fillers such as calcium carbonate and aluminium
trihydroxide (ATH). (ATH)
 Reduces compound viscosity so that a h h f ll l
higher filler loading in the resin is possible. h
bl
Pat‐Add DA 2702
Test formulation for fillers – CaCO3
Ortho UPR
Dispersant
CaCO3
Total
Pat‐Add DA 2702
59.64
0.36
40
100
Reference 7
59.75
0.25
40
100
ISO UPR
Dispersant
CaCO3
Totall
59.64
0.36
40
100
59.75
0.25
40
100
RAW MATERIALS
Pat‐Add
Pat
Add DA 2702
DA 2702
Anti Settling Properties
Properties
PAT‐ADD DA 2702
Ortho UPR ISO UPR
Initial Viscosity In Krebs
After 24 hrs Viscosity in K b
Krebs
DEGREE OF SEPARATION
((Actual Inspection)
p
)
Reference 7
Ortho UPR
ISO UPR
118.1
106.4
114
121
117.7
102.3
117.7
122.6
No Separation
Note: Stability test is being continued.
No Separation
Pat‐Add DA 2702
Anti Settling Properties
ISO PHTHALIC UPR SYSTEM
ISO PHTHALIC UPR SYSTEM
Pat‐Add DA 2702
Reference 7
ORTHO PHTHALIC UPR SYSTEM
Pat‐Add DA 2702
Reference 7
Patcure 2716 and Cobalt Octoate 6%
2716 and Cobalt Octoate 6%
G TIME STUDIES GEL
S
S
GEL TIMES
PATCHAM 2716
COBALT OCTOATE 6%
(TYPICAL VALUE 18 – 28 MINUTES)
(23 minutes)
(22 minutes)
APPEARANCE OF CASTING
COLORLESS AND CLEAR
PURPLE AND CLEAR
* Typical formulation: Resin 100 gms, Accelerator 0.25 gms, MEKP 1.5 gms
Patcure 2716
Cobalt Octoate 6%
THANK YOU
Disclaimer:
While every effort is made to provide accurate and complete test results for The PATCHAM ADDITIVES, various data may vary depending upon
different raw materials, test procedures and test conditions. The accuracy, reliability, or totality of the results are not guaranteed or warranted in
anyy way.
y PATCHAM FZC and its representatives
p
disclaim liabilityy of anyy kind whatsoever,, includingg liabilityy for q
quality,
y, p
performance and fitness for a
particular purpose arising out of the use, or inability to use the test results.
Reference Product
Reference Product
Reference 1
Reference 2
Reference 3
R f
Reference 4
4
Reference 5
Reference 6
Reference 7
Reference 7
Pat‐Add AF 75
Pat‐Add AF 75
Pat‐Add AF 76
P t Add LE 1065
Pat‐Add LE 1065
Pat‐Add Rheol 253
Pat‐Add DA 2704
Pat Add DA 2702
Pat‐Add DA 2702
BYK A555
BYK A501
BYK A500
BYK 330
BYK 330
BYK R605
BYK W972
BYK 980
BYK 980