Team Dynamics swirls into Wind Turbines.

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Wind Power: We’re big fans of it
Team Dynamics
Bryan Castillo
Tiffany Hargett
Will McGinness
Michael Penny
Daniel Records
http://solarenergydream.com/blog/oregon‐to‐build‐one‐of‐world%E2%80%99s‐largest‐wind‐farms‐by‐2012/
Outline
Historyy
Michael
Specs & Statistics
Specs & Statistics
Tiffany
Current Uses
Current Uses
Will
F t
Future Uses
U
Bryan
Pros and Cons
Daniel
History
Michael Penny
Ancient History
Ancient History
• Sailing ships
Sailing ships
– Transportation
– Trade
[1]
• Vertical windmills
– Grain Processing
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– Pump water
[2]
1. http://www.barewalls.com/i/f/d01700‐9950_1_5_1____56.0_38.0_507666_Ancient‐Egyptian‐Sailing‐Boat.jpg
2. http://www.ullesthorpewindmill.org.uk/index.php?act=viewDoc&docId=7
Middle Ages/Renaissance
Middle Ages/Renaissance • Development of horizontal windmills
horizontal windmills
– Grain processing
– Wine production
– Water pumping
[1]
[2]
1. http://wallpaperstock.net/campo‐de‐criptana_wallpapers_13981_1280x800_1.html
2. http://www.todaysphoto.org/potd/dutch‐windmill.jpg
Modern Era
Modern Era
• Further development of horizontal wind turbines
– Water pumping
– Electricity production
[1]
[2]
[3]
1. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/6/6d/Aermotor_Windmill%2C_Texas%2C_2010.JPG
2. http://www.greenenergyohio.org/page.cfm?pageId=341
3. http://www.solarrochester.com/content/images/wind%20turbine2(1).jpg
Turbine
D i
Design
Tiffany Hargett
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Turbine Design
• 2 Main Categories
2 Main Categories
– Horizontal‐Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT)
• Modern
– Vertical‐Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT)
• Savonius
• Giromill/Darrieus
1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_turbine [1]
HAWT
Size
• Blades typically 66 to 130 feet
• Towers typically 200 to 300 feet
Motion
• Can rotate at 10‐22 rpm
p
• Must face into the wind
Energy Production Average
• Land‐Based: 1.67 MW
Offshore: 4 MW
• Offshore: 4 MW
Mechanics
Rotor Size and Maximum Power Output Rotor Diameter (meters)
Power Output (kW)
10 25 17 100 27
27 225
225 33 300 40 500 44 600 48 750 54 1000 64 1500 72 2000 80 2500 [1]
Sources: Danish Wind Industry Association, American Wind Energy Association
1. http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_energy/technology_and_impacts/energy_technologies/how‐wind‐energy‐works.html Current Usage
Will McGinness
U.S. Usage
U.S. Usage
• 43
43,461 MW (2.3% of energy generated)
461 MW (2 3% of energy generated)
• Texas produces
10,223 MW
0 223
• DOE – 20% by 2030
• 8,432 MW under
construction in the
construction in the
3rd quarter of 2011
U.S. Usage and Costs
U.S. Usage and Costs
U.S. Usage and Costs
• National Renewable Energy Lab reports there is 10,459 GW gy
p
,
available onshore
• U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) states the cost is similar to coal
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• Costs decrease considerably after initial investment
• Farmer
Farmer’ss receive around $3,000 to $5,000 in royalties per year
receive around $3 000 to $5 000 in royalties per year
• Wind energy accounts for 35% of new power capacity built in the past 5 years
Future Uses
Bryan Castillo
Buoyant Future
Buoyant Future
• Floating
Floating platforms attached to the seabed by platforms attached to the seabed by
mooring lines
• 3 main types
3 main types
– Ballast stabilized
– Tension Leg Platforms
T i L Pl f
– Buoyancy Stabilized
Airborne wind turbines
Airborne wind turbines
• Produce
Produce energy more consistently
energy more consistently
• Require lower capital costs
• Deliver the most cost‐effective renewable li
h
ff i
bl
energy
Advantages &
Ad anta es &
Disadvantages
Daniel Records
Advantages
• Wind energy is Wind energy is “free”
free
– Aside from maintenance and start‐up costs, the actual power source doesn’tt cost any money. actual power source doesn
cost any money
• Compared to NatGas generation
• Wind power is clean energy
Wind power is clean energy
• No emissions
Disadvantages
• Wind is not Constant
Wind is not Constant
– Constant winds found off‐shore, which is the most expensive place to erect wind turbines
expensive place to erect wind turbines
• Unsightly
– Dead Birds
Dead Birds
– Clusters of turbines for power generation
• Need a lot of them to account for one fossil d l
f h
f
f
l
fuel generation source
Disadvantages
• Maintenance/Repair
Maintenance/Repair is difficult above ground
is difficult above ground
• Turbine overhaul costs (Every 5 years)
• Net total costs work out to $935/kWh l
k
$93 /k h
installed cost
• NatGas generation costs $.085/kWh vs
$.145/kWh for wind
Where they can make sense
Where they can make sense
• Places
Places where there is no where there is no “power
power grid
grid”
• Several wind turbines can be erected as well as a backup generator to provide a cost
as a backup generator to provide a cost‐
effective and environmentally friendly power source. source
So
So why do we have them here?
why do we have them here?
• Federal
Federal Tax Credits and Grants to power Tax Credits and Grants to power
producers for installing renewable energy sources
– Helps to offset cost of land, turbine construction, and lost opportunity while wind isn’t blowing
– Long history of government grants and contracts to provide electricity from wind
provide electricity from wind
– In the 80’s, government subsidies pay 50% of turbine installation cost
– EPAct
"If wind power made sense, why would it need a government subsidy in the first place? It's a bubble which bursts as soon as the government subsidies end." –Ben Li b
Lieberman
Questions?
Sources
http://solarenergydream.com/blog/oregon‐to‐build‐one‐of‐world%E2%80%99s‐largest‐wind‐farms‐by‐2012
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http://www.barewalls.com/i/f/d01700‐9950_1_5_1____56.0_38.0_507666_Ancient‐Egyptian‐Sailing‐Boat.jpg
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/i/f/d01700 9950 1 5 1
56 0 38 0 507666 A i
E
i S ili B
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http://www.ullesthorpewindmill.org.uk/index.php?act=viewDoc&docId=7
http://wallpaperstock.net/campo‐de‐criptana_wallpapers_13981_1280x800_1.html
http://www.todaysphoto.org/potd/dutch‐windmill.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/6/6d/Aermotor_Windmill%2C_Texas%2C_2010.JPG
http://www.greenenergyohio.org/page.cfm?pageId=341
http://www.solarrochester.com/content/images/wind%20turbine2(1).jpg
http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_energy/technology_and_impacts/energy_technologies/how‐wind‐energy‐
works.html (picture of components)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_turbine (picture of moving turbines)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_energy_consumption http://uvdiv.blogspot.com/2009/07/levelized‐cost‐studies.html
http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy07osti/40566.pdf
http://www.americanthinker.com/2010/02/wind_energys_ghosts_1.html
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Q p Q jg g video for enercon 3‐126
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQxp6QTjgJg
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nSB1SdVHqQ