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Tropical Birding Trip Report
Costa Rica: The Introtour February 2016
A Tropical Birding SET DEPARTURE tour
COSTA RICA: The Introtour
13-23 February 2016
Tour Leader: Cameron Cox
Scarlet Macaw. Photo by John Turner
Thanks to trip participants John and Maggie Turner for contributing outstanding photos
(The species in the photos are highlighted in RED).
w w w .tropicalbirding.com
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info@ tropicalbirding.com
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INTRODUCTION
For birders and lovers of wildlife Costa Rica offers an experience that is hard to top. While there are
plenty of birds, Costa Rica offers an experience that is more than just typical birding experience; it
offers phenomenal views of species that are often tough, like Great Curassow and several species of
tinamou, it’s the opportunity to consistently see rarely observed tropical mammals like sloths and
other wildlife like the impressive basilisk lizards, better known as Jesus Christ lizards that run across
the surface of the water when startled, it offers incredible sights around every corner be it bird, bug, or
scenic view. Costa Rica boasts both quality and quantity! Costa Rica’s quality was apparent on this
trip over and over but particularly when a male Black-crested Coquette repeatedly hovering right in
front of us, in the stunning looks at both Great Green and Scarlet Macaws we enjoyed, in watching a
Northern Tamandua, an arboreal anteater, tear into a termite mound, in the surprise of a Streakchested Antpitta hopping into the trail right in front of us, in exceptional view after exceptional view of
stunning Resplendent Quetzals, and in the surprise Three-wattled Bellbird at the 11th hour of the trip.
On the quantity front we enjoyed 29 species of hummingbirds, 13 species of doves, 8 species of
trogons, 12 species of parrots, 15 species of wrens, and 21 species of tanagers. Clearly Costa Rica is
overflowing with wildlife, but what really sets Costa Rica apart is the ease with which you can
encounter it. The country has an excellent network of National Parks, numerous private reserves, well
maintained trails, and very little hunting pressure. This means birds and other animals are numerous,
easy to get to, and often easy to see with less of the wariness common in tropical regions. This
gorgeous and diverse country well deserves its reputation as a birding paradise. Our trip explored
Caribbean influenced lowlands, lush, cool mountain valleys, humid forests on the edge of the Pacific,
and dripping cloud forests that hosted numerous hummingbirds. The combination of the hospitality,
beauty, and incredible birdlife of Costa Rica made our trip a pleasure from beginning till end.
Day 1 (of birding): Braulio Carrillo National Park to La Selva
We start our first day of birding at Hotel Robledal, a quiet family hotel near the airport in San Jose
with attractive grounds that also host some attractive birds. While we had very little time before
getting on the road but we did see a striking SPOT-BREASTED ORIOLE to jumpstart the trip.
Black-headed Nightingale-Thrush. Photo Maggie Turner
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Soon though our bus driver, Rodrigo, who was destined to be a key contributor to the success of this
trip, arrived and we all loaded up and headed to Braulio Carrillo National Park. We climbed out of the
sunny Central Valley and descended down into the heavily forested Caribbean slope while
threatening clouds formed overhead. Arriving at Braulio our luck kept the rain away, as it did virtually
the entire trip, and we were greeted by a CROWNED WOOD-NYMPTH in the parking lot. As is often
the case with Braulio our trek along the trail system started out very quiet but eventually birds began
to show themselves. We had several quick but good looks at TAWNY-CAPPED EUPHONIAS, a
Caribbean slope specialty. Then we obtained strikingly good looks at a feisty DULL-MANTLED
ANTBIRD, usually a dedicated skulker. Then after enjoying the sweet, musical song of a BLACKHEADED NIGHTINGALE-THRUSH it decided to gives us one of those world beating, I-can’t-believeit’s-so-close moments that remain engraven in the mind forever, particularly when such a strikingly
beautiful bird is involved. It seemed that great views of key species was going to be the theme of the
day! Our final highlight on the trail was watching the supercharged antics of a pair of TAWNY-FACED
GNATWRENS foraging along the edge of an army ant swarm. Talk about high energy!
The always impressive Black-crested Coquette! Photo John Turner
Just a short way down the road we stopped in at El Tapir Hummingbird Gardens; a tiny little gem of a
reserve that is always loaded with birds. Nearly as soon as we walked in a BLACK-CRESTED
COQUETTE began to put on an unbelievable show! It hovered right in front of us and landed in the
open on a bare branch. An absolute stunner! It was far from the only one though; El Tapir was like a
faucet of birdlife on full blast! GREEN THORNTAILS flitted in and out among the flowers and
occasionally chased the coquette. A PALE-VENTED THRUSH gorged itself on palm berries. Several
TAWNY-CRESTED TANAGERS and a couple of EMERALD TANAGERS added spice to large
flocks of SILVER-THROATED TANAGERS moving through the treetops. A female SNOWCAP gave
good views but the male remained elusive. A BRONZE-TAILED PLUMELETEER buzzed through
and gave quick looks. Both GREEN and STRIPE-THROATED HERMITS also made quick
appearances. The noisy and ever impressive BAY WREN popped out the undergrowth long enough
for all to appreciate this handsome bird.
Finishing up at El Tapir we headed to lunch where we were serenaded by an overly enthusiastic
Valentine Day crooner and enjoyed scopes views of a BAT FALCON. La Selva Biological Station, our
home for the next two days, was our next stop after lunch. After settling into our rooms the group
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gathered and headed out to explore. While there were a wide variety of birds to capture our attention,
initially raptors stole the show. Exceptional scope views of a LAUGHING FALCON gave everyone
good tropical raptor vibes, then a pair of hunting BAT FALCONS staged an impressive aerial show,
finally a several CRESTED CARACARAS flew by at close range. Then the parrot show took over;
flock after flock of RED-LORED PARROTS, a handful of WHITE-CROWNED PARROTS viewed in
the scope, then a pair of MEALY PARROTS that flew into a tree right above us and began to eat right
out in the open. All paled though before the largest and loudest show in town, a stunning pair of
GREAT GREEN MACAWS that gave us incredible views both in flight and perched for over twenty
minutes! It was a great capper to an excellent day!
Day 2: La Selva
As we headed to breakfast our driver, Rodrigo, spotted a woodpecker which proved to be a striking
CHESTNUT-COLORED WOODPECKER. Soon afterward, right before breakfast, a pair of KING
VULTURES flew directly overhead as GRAY-RUMPED SWIFTS whipped back and forth.
After breakfast we ventured out onto the trails with our local guide Joel. Before we even started out
we had a BLACK-THIGHED GROSBEAK, a migrant to the lowlands from the mountains and a good
bird at La Selva. Soon afterwards we were enjoying eye-level views of a pair of SLATY-TAILED
TROGONS. Next we encountered a gorgeous pair of RUFOUS-TAILED JACAMARS and then a
surprisingly cooperative pair of FASCIATED ANTSHRIKES, so close we could see the red of their
eyes. A pair of BROAD-BILLED MOTMOTS became our first members of the motmot family. Farther
down the trail, near the bridge a TROPICAL GNATCATCHER came in to check us out and several
CRESTED GUANS placidly ate berries from a laden tree, allowing us point-blank views.
Northern Tamandua. Photo John Turner
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Across the bridge we went on a lengthy hike through the old growth forest. Sometimes old growth is
loaded with birds and sometimes it just a pleasant walk through an impressive tropical jungle almost
devoid of birds. It seemed like it was going to be the later on this day but finally we hit a home run,
though a mammalian one not avian. Rodrigo, who had come along with us, spotted a NORTHERN
TAMANDUA, a small arboreal anteater, tearing apart a termite mound! It was one of highlights of the
entire trip! Joel, though he walks these trails daily, sees anteaters only about twice a year. It made
short work of the termites while we looked on with awe and glee! We weren't done with mammals that
morning though, as we walked on the trails back towards the entrance we found two HOFFMAN’S
TWO-TOED SLOTH’S. Just before lunch we located a pair of breathtaking GREAT CURRASOWS
walking casually along the edge of the forest. Poking around the clearing right after lunch we enjoyed
good looks at the striking WHITE-COLLARED MANAKIN that, predictably, drew rave reviews.
No place like Costa Rica to see the gleam in the eye of a Great Curassow!
Photo John Turner
In the afternoon we were back in the old growth forest hoping for a stellar bird or two. We quickly
located several of the normally retiring OLIVE-BACKED QUAIL-DOVES and where able to get
excellent looks at them after several minutes of crouching and staring into the deep shadows of the
understory. Farther down the trail a GREAT TINAMOU stalked out right in front of the group as if it
had not care! Costa Rica is the place to see game birds that are often highly elusive in most
locations. In very few places can you see Great Tinamous with no fear of humans. A female BLACKCROWNED ANTSHRIKE, often an elusive species, was our final prize of the afternoon. Finally just
before dinner our last sight of the day was a noisy flock of ten Great Green Macaws flight directly over
us.
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Day 3: La Selva to Sevagre
Our final morning at La Selva began with a GRAY-CHESTED DOVE walking around right in the middle of the
road in plain view. This was a reoccurring theme on this trip, secretive species that suddenly forgot that they
were supposed to be secretive! It's better to be lucky than good! In a fruit bearing tree we enjoyed a stately
male WHITE-RUFFED MANAKIN and an eye-popping RED-CAPPED MANAKIN as well as a large number of
OLIVE-BACKED EUPHONIAS. In the gardens across the main bridge a SHORT-BILLED PIGEON was
gorging itself in another fruit tree. Our first SQUIRREL CUCKOO of the trip put on an excellent show. A whole
flock of BLACK-FACED GROSBEAKS invaded the garden and allowed us to take our time viewing them in
the scope. A group of tityras flitting through the treetops proved not to be the expected Masked Tityras, but the
much scarcer BLACK-CROWNED TITYRAS. Another venture into the old growth forest proved even quieter
than our previous jaunts but we did get our first good looks at the impressive PALE-BILLED WOODPECKER
and the unassuming OCHRE-BELLIED FLYCATCHER. Then, in keeping with the theme of the trip, we had
excellent looks at BLACK-THROATED WREN, a species that generally keeps itself hidden deep in vinechoked thickets. Right before heading back for lunch we were able to get phenomenal scope views of the
largest of the motmot clan, the monstrous RUFOUS MOTMOT. Finally as we were loading on the bus we
were able to watch a BRONZE-TAILED PLUMELETEER sitting in the open and preening.
Soon after leaving, along the road, we were able to get good views of a perched ROADSIDE HAWK and a
BARE-THROATED TIGER-HERON.
Then we left the lowlands and headed to the cool temperatures of the mountains. As we approached the
mountains the sun was shining and the wind was calm, perfect conditions for visiting the high mountain peaks
of Cerro De La Muerte. These conditions were too good to waste so we changed our plans and headed up to
the famous antennas at the mountain’s peak. Immediately upon arrival we located a pair of very cooperative
VOLCANO JUNCOS, always a crowd-pleaser because of their confiding behavior. Next a pair of
TIMBERLINE WRENS worked themselves into a frenzy of anger and indignation at our presence but we were
able to get a few reasonable looks at them. A flock of SOOTY-CAPPED CHLOROSPINUS also included an
ahhh-inducing FLAME-THROATED WARBLER. VOLCANO HUMMINGBIRDS were buzzing everywhere and
a few adult males flashed their unique purplish-blue throats.
Volcano Junco. Photo John Turner
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After enjoying the mountaintop birds and the stunning mountaintop views we headed down to our lodging in
the Savegre Valley and dinner.
Day 4: Savegre
The gorgeous, flower-laden, mountain valley of Savegre is best-known for its most beautiful resident, the
Resplendent Quetzal, more striking than any flower or mountain scenery. We awoke and soon loaded on the
bus and headed back up the valley to a well-known spot for quetzals. Well-known enough that quite a crowd
had gathered before we got there. But the crowd was well-rewarded for rising early. Over the course of the
next hour we enjoyed crushing views of five different RESPLENDANT QUETZALS, two adult males with full
tails that were truly resplendent, two males with shorter tails, and a female. The glowing green backs and
flashing crimson bellies in addition to the billowing tails of the males made for an exceptional show. It was the
perfect day-after-birthday present for one of our group and everyone was ecstatic. A cooperative male
COLLARED TROGON and an EMERALD TOUCANET added to the show. Before boarding the bus to head
back for breakfast we picked up a small flock of BLACK-CHEEKED WARBLERS working along at eye level.
Resplendent Quetzal. Wow! Photo John Turner
Back at the hotel we enjoyed an excellent breakfast and headed out onto the beautiful grounds of our hotel.
The hummingbird feeders were attracting MAGNIFICENT HUMMINGBIRDS, gorgeous WHITE-THROATED
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MOUNTAIN-GEMS, GREEN VIOLETEARS, STRIPE-TAILED HUMMINGBIRDS, SCINTILLANT
HUMMINGBIRD, and a few VOLCANO HUMMINGBIRDS. Several striking YELLOW-THIGHED FINCHES
were coming to the seed feeder. Walking around the property we located several FLAME-COLORED
TANAGERS, stunning COLLARED REDSTARTS, YELLOW-WINGED VIREO, PHILADELPHIA VIREO,
SLATY FLOWERPIERCER, and the always impressive FLAME-THROATED WARBLERS.
Magnificent Hummingbirds are pretty magnificent!
Photo John Turner
At the nearby Waterfall Trail we had brief but good looks at SULPHUR-WINGED PARAKEETS and found
another BLACK-THIGHED GROSBEAK and even got scope views of it. On the way out a large flock of
COMMON CHLOROSPINGUS had a WILSON’S WARBLER, BLACK-THROATED GREEN WARBLERS,
and an OLIVACOUS WOODCREEPER moving with them.
After lunch we headed to Trogon Lodge where we located a BLACK PHOEBE. On the back trail we enjoyed a
picturesque mountain stream. Finally after a bit of searching we located the bird we were looking for, a pair of
LARGE-FOOTED FINCHES. We even located the nest and watched them bring in nest material to the growing
nest cup. Up the slope from Trogon Lodge we found another pair of RESPLENDANT QUETZALS and were
able to enjoy this pair and take all the photos we wanted without have to engage in elbow-to-elbow combat
with the crowd like we did in morning. As dusk began to fall we were able to get views of a pair of
WRENTHRUSHES bouncing about in a dense thicket.
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As dusk became darkness we were up near the top of the valley and began to hear the throaty calls of DUSKY
NIGHTJARS over the rising wind. The wind did us no favors but we were able to call in a Dusky Nightjar briefly
that part of the group glimpsed. While better views of the nightjar would have been nice, overall it was an
exceptional day!
Slaty Flowerpiercer in the scenic valley of Savegre. Photo John Turner
Day 5: Savegre to Carara
The following morning before breakfast the exceptional birding continued. We first went looking for wood-quail
and soon we heard their loud, boisterous calls. Another group was looking at a small group of SPOTTED
WOOD-QUAIL, but as they moved away from the other birders they moved right in front of us, giving excellent
looks of this usually elusive species. Next a SPOT-CROWNED WOODCREEPER hitched itself up a nearby
tree. Then an absolutely stunning male RED-HEADED BARBET dropped everyone's jaws. A BLACK GUAN
flew right past us to keep the excitement up. Then a drab but scarce species and always a great find, a DARK
PEWEE sat out in the open for views in the scope. All this in just an hour before breakfast!
After breakfast we went looking for Long-tailed Silky-Flycatcher, a bird that I had heard calling a number of
times around our hotel but the group had yet to connect with. So began an epic quest that required us to walk
all over the hotel grounds seemingly one step behind our quarry for nearly half an hour before finally a male
LONG-TAILED SILKY-FLYCATCHER perched out in the open on a dead snag and we were able to get the
scope on it briefly. Finally! In addition, we obtained excellent looks at TROPICAL MOCKINGBIRD while
looking for the silky.
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Rainbow-throated Hummingbird in the rain. Photo John Turner
With this final success we loaded on the bus and left this mountain paradise. We climbed out of the valley but
we stayed in the mountains for our next stop at Paraiso de Quetzals, home of Fiery-throated Hummingbirds
and exceptional coffee. Arriving at Paraiso we found the feeders packed with FIERY-THROATED
HUMMINGBIRDS; glowing, iridescent rainbows clad in feathers. Stunning! A pair of BLACK-AND-YELLOW
SILKY-FLYCATCHERS became our next new bird. Then a SLATY-BACKED NIGHTINGALE-THRUSH was
seen by some members of our group and heard by all. A small feeding flock included a pair of RUDDY
TREERUNNERS and BARRED PARAKEETS could be heard as flocks flew overhead but could not be seen
due to low cloud cover.
We loaded on the bus and headed towards the coast but made a stop halfway there at a little roadside openair restaurant with an incredible view of a forested valley to enjoy the view. Sipping sodas and looking out at
soaring vultures suddenly I noticed a large dark raptor with very flat wings, then it gave a little flap and I could
see fine white barring on the underwing. There was a moment of disbelief, I couldn’t possibly be seeing a Black
Hawk-Eagle at this this random roadside stop. Disbelieving or not I couldn't let my group miss this bird so I
went running through the restaurant screaming, “GET ON THIS BIRD!” trying to get the entire group gathered
up so all could see it. If any of the locals at the restaurant harbored any doubts about the sanity of this group of
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binocular-wielding gringos my behavior put us far beyond any hope of redemption. Definitely insane! However
we did get everyone looking at the bird just in time for it to head directly away giving completely unsatisfying
views. But wait, when just a little dot it turned and began coming back. The dot grew and grew into an
unmistakable BLACK HAWK-EAGLE and then things got really crazy as two dark-morph SHORT-TAILED
HAWKS took umbrage with the presences of this huge flying menace and began to swoop on and harass it. It
was one of those moments that words cannot capture, UNBELIVABLE!
Back on the bus just a few miles down the road we pulled over when a juvenile KING VULTURE cruised by at
eye level, but had disappeared by the time the bus got stopped. However several SWALLOW-TAILED KITES
were swooping all over the place and put on a great show making the stop very worthwhile. Our next stop was
down in the lowlands when a striking CHERRIES TANAGER crossed the road in front of us. Hopping off the
bus we got to see the Cherries Tanager, a few PALM TANAGERS, a group of ORANGE-FRONTED
PARAKEETS, a calling RED-CROWNED WOODPECKER, a glimpse of a flyby LINEATED WOODPECKER,
and a group of WHITE-COLLARED SEEDEATERS. A productive stop!
Driving north along the coast we began to encounter lowlands raptors, a ROADSIDE HAWK, several GRAY
HAWKS, and two WHITE-TAILED KITES; also several SCISSOR-TAILED FLYCATCHERS hawking insects
from wires. A bit farther north we made two stops at roadside wetlands that netted a number of new species for
our trip: RINGED KINGFISHER, LEAST GREBE, ANHINGA, ORCHARD ORIOLE, and a large number of
wading birds highlighted by a WOOD STORK and ROSEATE SPOONBILL. A BAT FALCON came ripping
past at such speed that we could hear the wind whistling through its wings. Pressing on we saw a distant
SCARLET MACAW winging its way heavily over a distant treeline. The final bird of the day before dusk fell but
only the first of many Scarlet Macaws. Just after darkness fell we arrived at Hotel Villa Lapas.
Day 6: Carara National Park & Tarcoles River Cruise
Scarlet Macaw. Maggie Turner
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Early the next morning we got our first taste of birding on the grounds of Hotel Villa Lapas. A pair of
MUSCOVY DUCKS flew in along stream behind the hotel and landed right in front of us, showing off
the green highlights to their blackish plumage. Overhead large numbers of COSTA RICAN SWIFTS
coursed. Three FIERY-BILLED ARICARIS plucked fruits from a tree right overhead giving excellent
looks. Then a pair of SCARLET MACAWS flew over and landed on the slope above the hotel
creating a quintessential tropical scene as they scrambled around the tree using their bills to help pull
themselves along. A YELLOW-OLIVE FLYCATCHER attracted our attention, several ROSEBREASTED GROSBEAKS munched berries, and ROSE-THROATED BECARD capped our
prebreakfast birding.
Muscovy Duck. John Turner
After breakfast we departed for the River Trail at Carara National Park. Our first bird along the trail
was a cooperative BLACK-HOODED ANTSHRIKE. Then a STRIPE-THROATED HERMIT buzzed
through a stand of flowers and a PLAIN XENOPS hung upside down on a limb that stretched over the
path. Then a pair of BARRED ANTSHRIKES performed so well that we could clearly see their tails
waggling as they called. A perched PURPLE-CROWNED FAIRY was seen by part of the group. A
WHITE-WHISKERED PUFFBIRD down near eye-level gave us exceptional views. Walking back
along the trail we located a very vocal group of wrens singing loudly from a dense thicket. In time we
were able to get good views of the handsome BLACK-BELLIED WREN and a few quick glimpses of
a RUFOUS-BREASTED WREN. Nearby a BLACK-FACED ANTTHRUSH hopped into an open spot
for a moment and with luck we were able to get most of the group glimpses of this secretive grounddweller. A STREAKED FLYCATCHER was a bit of a surprise so deep in the forest but cooperatively
gave good views. Finally an attractive pair of RIVERSIDE WRENS was uncharacteristically confiding.
We next made a quick jaunt around the main trail at Carara, netting great views of GREAT
TINAMOU, a family group of PALE-BILLED WOODPECKERS, and a BLUE-BLACK GROSBEAK.
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No one told this Great Tinamou that it is supposed to be hard
to see! Photo John Turner
In the afternoon we headed out for a boat ride on the Rio Tarcoles, always an extravaganza of birds
and this day was no exception. Before even setting foot on the boat we saw TRICOLORED HERON,
NEOTROPIC CORMORANT, and plenty of close views of MANGROVE SWALLOWS. Once on the
boat we soon were enjoying excellent looks at several COMMON BLACK-HAWKS then we floated
right up to a CRESTED CARACARA, the closest I've even been to this species. Several shorebirds
ran along the shoreline, a WHIMBREL, several WILLETS, and several SPOTTED SANDPIPERS
while a GREEN HERON looked on. An OSPREY tore into a large fish on an exposed perch and
YELLOW-CROWNED NIGHT-HERONS stalked along the shore. We were looking at a group of
BLACK-NECKED STILTS when suddenly a CRANE HAWK tried to sneak behind us, giving us only
a quick glimpse. Two highly colorful species shone in the afternoon sun, a gleaming PURPLE
GALLINULE and several noisy NORTHERN JACANAS. Then a GRAY-NECKED WOOD-RAIL was
located strutting through a small puddle and while that was a surprise, a bigger surprise was a
second Gray-necked Wood-Rail nearby standing on a bunch of bananas that were ripening on a tree,
bending over to peck vigorously at the fruit! Several BARE-THROATED TIGER-HERONS moved
along the river nonchalantly occasionally flushing groups of GROOVE-BILLED ANIS. Then the boat
driver brought us right up to a group of three stunning TURQUOISE-BROWED MOTMOTS, without
question among the most gorgeous birds in the world! Finally at farthest point up the river we were
treated to views of a number of SOUTHERN LAPWINGS, a large handsome plover. We headed back
toward the mouth of the river adding RINGED KINGFISHER and a BELTED KINGFISHER along the
way. While we had seen several American Crocodiles up to this point, our captain brought us
alongside a monster, an eighty-year-old behemoth, seventeen feet long, dubbed “Osama” by our
captain, an old confederate of this impressive croc. On the mudflat near the river’s mouth BLACKBELLIED PLOVERS and RUDDY TURNSTONES probed steadily while groups of ROYAL TERNS
and LAUGHING GULLS stood in groups. Nearby a large swirl of MAGNIFICENT FRIGATEBIRDS
were dropping on baitfish with elegant vengeance while BROWN PELICANS joined the feast. A
vision of pink, a ROSEATE SPOONBILL swung its head back-and-forth, sifting food from a tidal pool.
At the beginning of a mangrove channel the boat driver brought us right up to a roost of BOATBILLED HERONS, nearly twenty of these solemn birds with deep, soulful eyes. A few BLACKCROWNED NIGHT-HERONS, a scarce species here, were mixed in with the Boat-billeds. Much
more colorful were several MANGROVE WARBLERS, males with their chestnut heads gleaming in
the sun, flitted about the nearby mangroves. A MANGROVE HUMMINGBIRD hovered along the boat
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for a moment, but didn’t relocate it because the boat captain had spotted a Pygmy Kingfisher. After
some coaxing all were able to get excellent views of a male AMERICAN PYGMY-KINGFISHER, a
tiny, active gem of a bird and a true crowd pleaser. Everyone was ecstatic! Short after the captain
brought us into a tiny creek surrounded by tower mangroves. Here the loud yelping calls of YELLOWNAPED PARROTS could clearly be heard. We roused another MANGROVE HUMMINGBIRD that
most were able to see. Several PROTHONOTARY WARBLERS looked like tiny bits of yellow flame
in the deep shade of the mangroves. Finally a MANGROVE VIREO popped up and gave excellent
views. Heading back to the dock a pair of YELLOW-NAPED PARROTS flew right over us and
several SCARLET MACAWS shone in the afternoon sun as they winging by. It had been an amazing
spectacle of birds!
The tiny American Pygmy Kingfisher. Photo John Turner
Stepping off the boat Rodrigo mentioned to me that he had a surprise bird staked out nearby. We
drove a short way and Rodrigo led us down a short trail, and after a few minutes of searching pointed
out a pair of roosting BLACK-AND-WHITE OWLS. They were sitting in deep shadow but their dark,
sinister faces and neatly dark barred bellies were clearly visible in the scope. As surprises go this was
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just about as good as it gets! On a nearby beach we watched the last bits of light staining the sky
orange above the placid Pacific. Several LESSER NIGHTHAWKS and a single SHORT-TAILED
NIGHT-HAWK hawked insects around us. A good day, a bird-filled day, we had seen a total of 126
bird species since the morning.
Day 7: Carara to Monteverde
A curious Spectacled Owl! Photo John Turner
After yesterday’s full day of birding only one member of the group met me very early in hopes of
locating the Spectacled Owl I had heard the morning before. Soon we were hearing the unique call of
a Spectacled Owl and after some searching we located a pair of gorgeous SPECTACLED OWLS!
We watched the pair for a while as they continued to call to each other, as the light increased the
views in the scope were crippling. Next we called in a COLLARED FOREST-FALCON, another pretty
incredible experience. It flew right over us and landed in a tree for views in the scope just as the rest
of the group roused themselves and were able enjoy it as well. Since the owls were still calling most
of the group wandered over to see them, while a few of us enjoyed good views of a BRIGHTRUMPED ATTILA. When the group regathered we tracked down a family group of BLACK-HEAED
TROGONS. Then on a short walk around the hotel grounds we added a YELLOW-GREEN VIREO
and a PIRATIC FLYCATCHER, both new for the trip. Near the breakfast area we watched a SCALYBREASTED HUMMINGBIRD hovering over the stream while a GREEN KINGFISHER hunted
nearby.
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Intimate encounter with a White-whiskered Puffbird. Photo John Turner
After breakfast we headed back to the main trail at Carara National Park. Immediately after entering
the trail we got an even better look at a WHITE-WHISKERED PUFFBIRD than we had the day
before! Just an outstanding bird. Next a bird we had seen glimpses of several times, an ORANGEBILLED SPARROW, hopped right into the path in the open, the first of several great looks at this
species this morning. Walking deep into the forest we got another good look at a GRAY-CHESTED
DOVE near the bridge. We were standing on the bridge when I suddenly noticed a jet black bird with
a gleaming cerulean crown, a BLUE-CROWNED MANAKIN. Mind= blown! An unbelievably stunning
bird! A bit farther down the trail we encountered an even more surprising though not as colorful bird.
Hopping just off the trail was a little tennis ball with legs. There is no way that's an antpitta, HOLY
COW THAT’S AN ANTPITTA! A STREAK-CHESTED ANTPITTA calmly hopping right in the middle
of the trail! If the antpitta was calm it was the only creature in the vicinity that was, certainly none us
were calm! We all got exceptional views of this completely unexpected bonus species. In the same
area we tracked down a tiny, but highly energetic GOLDEN-CROWNED SPADEBILL flitting about
like a tiny tan blur. Walking back we encounter several great looks at DOT-WINGED ANTWRENS.
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Finally we located a WHITE-WINGED BECARD and after a few minutes got everyone good looks at
it.
A remarkably confiding Streak-chested Antpitta! Photo John Turner
Back at Hotel Villa Lapas we had lunch and squeezed out one last bird, a SOUTHERN BEARDLESS
TYRANNULET, before loading the bus and heading towards Monteverde.
We were eager for the cooler temperatures in the mountains but before we left the lowlands we
connected with a large group of Mantled Howler monkeys along the side of the road. As we headed
up the mountain the wind began to pick up, then it REALLY picked up. By the time we arrived at
picturesque Cala Lodge it was positively howling. Some of us did a short walk just before dusk that
was largely fruitless though we did see a large flock of GRAY-HEADED CHACALACAS jumping
through the treetops.
Day 8: Monteverde
The wind was still whipping the following morning but we got much better looks at a BLACK GUAN at
breakfast and point blank looks at a stunning BLUE-CROWNED MOTMOT that was coming into the
fruit feeder. A couple of RUFOUS-CAPPED WARBLERS played hide-and-seek with us, bouncing in
and out along the fenceline of the property. Also a PLAIN WREN hopped about the garden, incensed
at our presence. After breakfast we headed to Monteverde Reserve but on the way we were delayed
by a gorgeous male ORANGE-BELLIED TROGON that was perched by the road begging to be
photographed.
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Orange-bellied Trogon. Photo John Turner
Once we arrived at Monteverde the forest is almost a show unto itself. It is a beautiful example of a
cloud forest, towering trees laden with dripping moss and epithetic growth. Walking through the forest
what did we happen upon but a pair of RESPLENDANT QUETZALS checking out a cavity! The male
sat in the open for a long period, his extraordinary tail streamers blowing gently in the breeze. Any
day with a quetzal is a good day. After some encouragement an OCHRACEOUS WREN came down
low enough that we could get a look at it. A super cooperative BLACK-FACED SOLITAIRE sang at
eye-level right in front of us! Farther along the trail flocks of THREE-STRIPED WARBLERS
entertained us and one mixed flock contained a LINEATED FOLIAGE-GLEANER. After walking the
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trails for a little while we headed to the hummingbird garden where the action was fast and furious!
The VIOLET SABERWINGS were the big bruisers; going to whichever feeder they wished, knocking
aside any lesser birds in their way. PURPLE-THROATED MOUNTAIN-GEMS were the showiest, the
males flashing purple throats and electric blue crowns. Somber (for a hummingbird) GREENCROWNED BRILLIANTS, tiny, hovering MAGENTA-THROATED WOODSTARS, STRIPE-TAILED
HUMMINGBIRDS white flashing in their tails, and perhaps most notably tiny, COPPERY-HEADED
EMERALDS, a bird found nowhere else but Costa Rica. The overall show was impressive, hundreds
of hummingbirds darting in every direction, often within millimeters of startled watchers. We spent
enough time to fully enjoy the spectacle but we had places to be so soon we loaded up and headed
to Bajo Del Tigre.
Long-tailed Manakin. One of many impressive manakins seen on
this trip! Photo Maggie Turner
Bajo Del Tigre is much drier than Monteverde and hosts a different suite of birds, most notably Longtailed Manakin. We headed down the trail and soon encountered a stunning male LONG-TAILED
MANAKIN, long tail quivering, melodious voice ringing in the still afternoon air, the final manakin of a
trip strewn with these tiny Neotropical avian gems and among the most spectacular. Farther down the
trail we added BROWN-CAPPED VIREO to the trip list, got a quick look at a female GOLDENWINGED WARBLER, and quick glimpses of a troop of GOLDEN-CROWNED WARBLERS.
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The stunning White-throated Magpie-Jay.
Photo John Turner
Back at Cala Lodge in the late afternoon a GOLEN-OLIVE WOODPECKER poked its head out of its
hole to see who was making all the noise and a gorgeous pair of WHITE-THROATED MAGPIEJAYS provided the final highlight of the day other than the tasty hamburgers at dinner.
Day 9: Monteverde to San Jose
Before breakfast we went on a nightingale-thrush hunt that was quite frustrating. An ORANGEBILLED NIGHTINGALE-THRUSH that skulked and hid, and hopped and generally was impressively
obnoxious. Most people got glimpses or bits of movement and only a few saw it well. However while
at breakfast everybody enjoyed a much better show, a White-headed Capuchin monkey came to
have breakfast with us and managed to charm me out of half a banana and some watermelon that
she took straight from my hand!
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A White-headed Capuchin thinking deep thoughts about bananas! Photo Maggie Turner
Curi Cancha, another reserve in the Monteverde area, was our destination after breakfast. Soon after
heading out onto the trails we lucked into a major bonus bird, a group of eight BLACK-BREASTED
WOOD-QUAIL standing right out in the open! We got terrific looks at these attractive skulkers, a great
way to kick off our morning! Walking up the trail we found ourselves on the tail-end of an army arm
invasion crossing the trail. Most birds were already out of sight at the head of the column but several
SLATY-BACKED NIGHINGALE-THRUSHES still hopped along the trail and a pair of NORTHERN
BARRED WOODCREEPERS were hitching their way up the trees alongside the trail in plain view.
We tried several locations for Gray-throated Leaftosser without success and just when I had given up
on it we came across a couple of other birders trying to puzzle out a little bird scratching in the leaflitter, a GRAY-THROATED LEAF-TOSSER. We obtained excellent looks as the bird did exactly what
its name suggests, tossed leaves out of its way as it foraged on the ground. Several SLATETHROATED REDSTARTS delighted the group with their brilliant yellow bellies and jaunty behavior.
In the hummingbird garden we encountered the same species we had seen the day before in
Monteverde but hummingbirds were not the only colorful birds to be seen here. The trees above were
filled with mistletoe berries and it didn’t take long to locate an absolutely gorgeous male ELEGANT
EUPHONIA, a stunning mix of copper, sky blue, and deepest black. After some further searching we
also turned up a few GOLDEN-BROWED CLOROPHONIAS, another stunning bird garbed in lemon
yellow and electric green. A flash of blue drew the group’s attention to several male SCARLETw w w .tropicalbirding.com
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THIGHED DACNIS, another show stopper! Not quite as flashy but still very attractive and with the
benefit of being easily observed without craning the neck, a troop of YELLOW-
Elegant Euphonia. Photo John Turner
Golden-browed Chlorophonia. Photo John Turner
FACED GRASSQUITS fed in the grass right in front of us. A male YELLOW-CROWNED EUPHONIA
regarded us from another patch of mistletoe. It had been a great morning but we still had to find
something to cap it. Back on the trails the song of a male Three-wattled Bellbird echoed from nearby!
This is a bird that typically arrives in the area a bit later. Sometimes scouting males arrive early
enough for this trip to pick them up though it is not expected. As exciting as hearing a bellbird is, a
bellbird heard is not a bellbird seen, they can be a real challenge to spot, sitting motionless high in the
canopy. We were motivated though and after a bit I found a tiny window where I could put the scope
on the bird. However only a couple of the group got looks before it took off. Fortunately it landed right
over the trail and I was about to get the scope on it again by pointing it straight up! Success! THREEWATTLED BELLBIRD. That proved to be the final new bird of the trip and a great finale. Leaving
Monteverde on the way back to San Jose we were treated to unbelievable views of a perched GRAY
HAWK and another good view of a LAUGHING FALCON. Back in San Jose everyone was all smiles,
except when we had goodbye to Rodrigo, it had been a great trip.
The Capper! Three-wattled Bellbird. Photo John Turner
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Day 10: The Central Valley
On our day to depart San Jose we mostly took it easy as the wind once again was whipping, but
those of us with later departures did pay homage to the FERRIGINOUS PYGMY-OWL that resides in
the garden of Hotel Robledal. Frame-filling views of this fierce-eyed predator were a great sendoff to
a bird-filled exploration of the beautiful country of Costa Rica.
BIRD & MAMMAL LISTS
The taxonomy of the bird list follows: Clements, James F., White, Anthony W., and Fitzpatrick,
John W. The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World. Cornell, 2007.
This list is up to date with the major changes published by Cornell up until August 2015.
Regional endemic bird species are indicated in RED (mostly shared with W Panama).
H indicates a species that was HEARD only.
GO indicates a species recorded by the GUIDE ONLY.
SITES each species were recorded at are denoted on the right hand side, with sites abbreviated:
CV
Central Valley
BC
Braulio Carrillo N.P.
ET
El Tapir hummingbird garden
LS
La Selva
SAV
Savegre
CDM
Cerro de la Muerte
CAR
Carara
TAR
Tarcoles river cruise
MON
Monteverde
BAJ
Bajo del Tigre
CC
Curi-Cancha
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ER
En-route (during a journey)
MANY
Many sites
TINAMOUS: TINAMIDAE
Great Tinamou
Little Tinamou HO
Tinamus major
Crypturellus soui
LS, CAR
LS
DUCKS, GEESE, AND WATERFOWL: ANATIDAE
Black-bellied Whistling-Duck
Muscovy Duck
Blue-winged Teal
Dendrocygna autumnalis
Cairina moschata
Anas discors
ER
CAR
ER
GUANS, CHACHALACAS, AND CURASSOWS: CRACIDAE
Gray-headed Chachalaca
Crested Guan
Black Guan (E)
Great Curassow
Ortalis cinereiceps
Penelope purpurascens
Chamaepetes unicolor
Crax rubra
MON
LS
SAV, MON
LS
NEW WORLD QUAIL: ODONTOPHORIDAE
Black-breasted Wood-Quail (E) Odontophorus leucolaemus
Spotted Wood-Quail
Odontophorus guttatus
CC
SAV
GREBES: PODICIPEDIDAE
Least Grebe
Tachybaptus dominicus
ER
Mycteria americana
ER, TAR
Fregata magnificens
TAR
STORKS: CICONIIDAE
Wood Stork
FRIGATEBIRDS: FREGATIDAE
Magnificent Frigatebird
CORMORANTS AND SHAGS: PHALACROCORACIDAE
Neotropic Cormorant
Phalacrocorax brasilianus
TAR
Anhinga anhinga
ER
Pelecanus occidentalis
TAR
ANHIGAS: ANHINGIDAE
Anhinga
PELICANS: PELECANIDAE
Brown Pelican
HERONS, EGRETS, AND BITTERNS: ARDEIDAE
Bare-throated Tiger-Heron
Great Blue Heron
Great Egret
Snowy Egret
Little Blue Heron
Tricolored Heron
Cattle Egret
Tigrisoma mexicanum
Ardea Herodias
Ardea alba
Egretta thula
Egretta caerulea
Egretta tricolor
Bubulcus ibis
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ER, TAR
ER, TAR
ER, TAR
ER, TAR
ER, TAR
ER, TAR
MANY
24
Green Heron
Black-crowned Night-Heron
Yellow-crowned Night-Heron
Boat-billed Heron
Butorides virescens
Nycticorax nycticora
Nyctanassa violacea
Cochlearius cochlearius
TAR
TAR
TAR
TAR
IBISES AND SPOONBILLS: THRESKIORNITHIDAE
White Ibis
Roseate Spoonbill
Eudocimus albus
Platalea ajaja
ER, TAR
TAR
NEW WORLD VULTURES: CATHARTIDAE
Black Vulture
Turkey Vulture
King Vulture
Coragyps atratus
Cathartes aura
Sarcoramphus papa
MANY
MANY
LS, ER
Pandion haliaetus
TAR
OSPREY: PANDIONIDAE
Osprey
HAWKS, EAGLES, AND KITES: ACCIPITRIDAE
White-tailed Kite
Elanus leucurus
Swallow-tailed Kite
Elanoides forficatus
Black Hawk-Eagle
Spizaetus tyrannus
Double-toothed Kite HO
Harpagus bidentatus
Crane Hawk
Geranospiza caerulescens
Common Black Hawk (Mangrove) Buteogallus anthracinus
Roadside Hawk
Rupornis magnirostris
Gray Hawk
Buteo plagiatus
Broad-winged Hawk
Buteo platypterus
Short-tailed Hawk
Buteo brachyurus
Red-tailed Hawk
Buteo jamaicensis
ER
ER
ER
LS
TAR
TAR
ER
ER, TAR
TAR
TAR
SAV, ER
RAILS,GALLINULES, AND COOTS: RALLIDAE
White-throated Crake HO
Gray-necked Wood-Rail
Purple Gallinule
Laterallus albigularis
Aramides cajaneus
Porphyrio martinicus
LS
TAR
TAR
STILTS AND AVOCETS: RECURVIROSTRIDAE
Black-necked Stilt
Himantopus mexicanus
TAR
PLOVERS AND LAPWINGS: CHARADRIIDAE
Black-bellied Plover
Southern Lapwing
Pluvialis squatarola
Vanellus chilensis
TAR
TAR
Jacana spinose
TAR
JACANAS: JACANIDAE
Northern Jacana
SANDPIPERS & ALLIES: SCOLOPACIDAE
Spotted Sandpiper
Willet
Whimbrel
Actitis macularius
Tringa semipalmata
Numenius phaeopus
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TAR
TAR
TAR
25
Ruddy Turnstone
Western Sandpiper GO
Arenaria interpres
Calidris mauri
TAR
TAR
GULLS, TERNS, AND SKIMMERS: LARIDAE
Laughing Gull
Royal Tern
Leucophaeus atricilla
Thalasseus maximus
TAR
TAR
Columba livia
Patagioenas cayennensis
Patagioenas flavirostris
Patagioenas fasciata
Patagioenas subvinacea
Patagioenas nigrirostris
Columbina inca
Columbina passerina
Columbina talpacoti
Leptotrygon veraguensis
Leptotila verreauxi
Leptotila cassinii
Zenaida asiatica
CV
LS, ER
MANY
SAV
SAV
LS, CAR
MANY
ER
MANY
LS
MANY
LS, CAR
MANY
Piaya cayana
Crotophaga sulcirostris
MANY
MANY
Pulsatrix perspicillata
Glaucidium brasilianum
Ciccaba nigrolineata
CAR
CV
TAR
PIGEONS AND DOVES: COLUMBIDAE
Rock Pigeon (Feral Pigeon)
Pale-vented Pigeon
Red-billed Pigeon
Band-tailed Pigeon
Ruddy Pigeon
Short-billed Pigeon
Inca Dove
Common Ground-Dove
Ruddy Ground-Dove
Olive-backed Quail-Dove
White-tipped Dove
Gray-chested Dove
White-winged Dove
CUCKOOS: CUCULIDAE
Squirrel Cuckoo
Groove-billed Ani
OWLS: STRIGIDAE
Spectacled Owl
Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl
Black-and-white Owl
NIGHTJARS AND ALLIES: CAPRIMULGIDAE
Lesser Nighthawk
Short-tailed Nighthawk
Common Pauraque
Dusky Nightjar (E)
Chordeiles acutipennis
Lurocalis semitorquatus
Nyctidromus albicollis
Antrostomus saturates
CAR
CAR
LS, CAR
SAV
Streptoprocne zonaris
Chaetura fumosa
Chaetura cinereiventris
MANY
CAR, TAR
LS
Florisuga mellivora
Glaucis aeneus
Phaethornis guy
Phaethornis longirostris
Phaethornis striigularis
Colibri thalassinus
LS
LS
ET
CAR
MANY
SAV, MON
SWIFTS: APODIDAE
White-collared Swift
Costa Rican Swift (E)
Gray-rumped Swift
HUMMINGBIRDS: TROCHILIDAE
White-necked Jacobin
Bronzy Hermit
Green Hermit
Long-billed Hermit
Stripe-throated Hermit
Green Violetear
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Purple-crowned Fairy
Heliothryx barroti
Green Thorntail
Discosura conversii
Black-crested Coquette
Lophornis helenae
Green-crowned Brilliant
Heliodoxa jacula
Magnificent Hummingbird
Eugenes fulgens
Fiery-throated Hummingbird (E) Panterpe insignis
Purple-throated Mountain-gem (E) Lampornis calolaemus
White-throated Mountain-gem Lampornis castaneoventris
Magenta-throated Woodstar (E) Calliphlox bryantae
Volcano Hummingbird (E)
Selasphorus flammula
Scintillant Hummingbird (E)
Selasphorus scintilla
Canivet's Emerald GO
Chlorostilbon canivetii
Violet-headed Hummingbird
Klais guimeti
Scaly-breasted Hummingbird Phaeochroa cuvierii
Violet Sabrewing
Campylopterus hemileucurus
Bronze-tailed Plumeleteer
Chalybura urochrysia
Crowned Woodnymph
Thalurania colombica
Stripe-tailed Hummingbird
Eupherusa eximia
Coppery-headed Emerald (E) Elvira cupreiceps
Snowcap (E)
Microchera albocoronata
Mangrove Hummingbird (E)
Amazilia boucardi
Steely-vented Hummingbird
Amazilia saucerottei
Rufous-tailed Hummingbird
Amazilia tzacatl
Cinnamon Hummingbird
Amazilia rutila
CAR
ET, LS
ET
MON, SAV
SAV
CDM
MON
SAV
MON
CDM, SAV
SAV
MON
ET, LS
CAR
MON
ET, LS
BR, LS
SAV, MON
MON
ET
TAR
MON
MANY
CV
TROGONS: TROGONIDAE
Resplendent Quetzal
Slaty-tailed Trogon
Black-headed Trogon
Gartered Trogon
Black-throated Trogon
Orange-bellied Trogon (E)
Collared Trogon
Baird’s Trogon (E) HO
Pharomachrus mocinno
Trogon Massena
Trogon melanocephalus
Trogon caligatus
Trogon rufus
Trogon aurantiiventris
Trogon collaris
Trogon bairdii
SAV, MON
LS
LS
LS
CAR
CAR
SAV
CAR
Momotus coeruliceps
Baryphthengus martii
Electron platyrhynchum
Eumomota superciliosa
MON, CC
LS
LS
TAR
Megaceryle torquata
Megaceryle alcyon
Chloroceryle americana
Chloroceryle aenea
ER, TAR
TAR
TAR, CAR
TAR
MOTMOTS: MOMOTIDAE
Blue-crowned Motmot
Rufous Motmot
Broad-billed Motmot
Turquoise-browed Motmot
KINGFISHERS: ALCEDINIDAE
Ringed Kingfisher
Belted Kingfisher
Green Kingfisher
American Pygmy Kingfisher
PUFFBIRDS: BUCCONIDAE
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White-whiskered Puffbird
Malacoptila panamensis
CAR
Galbula ruficauda
LS
Eubucco bourcierii
SAV
JACAMARS: GALBULIDAE
Rufous-tailed Jacamar
NEW WORLD BARBETS: CAPITONIDAE
Red-headed Barbet
TOUCANS: RAMPHASTIDAE
Emerald Toucanet
Aulacorhynchus prasinus
SAV, MON
Collared Aracari
Pteroglossus torquatus
LS
Fiery-billed Aracari
Pteroglossus frantzii
CAR
Yellow-thrtd Toucan (Chestnut-mandibled) Ramphastos ambiguus swainsonii
Keel-billed Toucan
Ramphastos sulfuratus
LS
BC
WOODPECKERS: PICIDAE
Acorn Woodpecker
Melanerpes formicivorus
Black-cheeked Woodpecker
Melanerpes pucherani
Red-crowned Woodpecker HO Melanerpes rubricapillus
Hoffmann's Woodpecker (E)
Melanerpes hoffmanni
Hairy Woodpecker
Picoides villosus
Rufous-winged Woodpecker (E) HO Piculus simplex
Golden-olive Woodpecker
Colaptes rubiginosus
Chestnut-colored Woodpecker Celeus castaneus
Lineated Woodpecker
Dryocopus lineatus
Pale-billed Woodpecker
Campephilus guatemalensis
SAV
LS
ER
MANY
SAV
LS
MON
LS
ER
LS, CAR
FALCONS AND CARACARAS: FALCONIDAE
Collared Forest-Falcon
Crested Caracara
Yellow-headed Caracara
Laughing Falcon
Bat Falcon
Micrastur semitorquatus
Caracara cheriway
Milvago chimachima
Herpetotheres cachinnans
Falco rufigularis
CAR
LS, ER
TAR, ER
LS, ER
ER, LS
NEW WORLD & AFRICAN PARROTS: PSITTACIDAE
Barred Parakeet HO
Bolborhynchus lineola
Orange-chinned Parakeet
Brotogeris jugularis
White-crowned Parrot
Pionus senilis
Red-lored Parrot
Amazona autumnalis
Yellow-naped Parrot
Amazona auropalliata
Mealy Parrot
Amazona farinose
Sulphur-winged Parakeet (E) Pyrrhura hoffmanni
Olive-throated Parakeet
Eupsittula nana
Orange-fronted Parakeet
Eupsittula canicularis
Great Green Macaw
Ara ambiguus
Scarlet Macaw
Ara macao
Crimson-fronted Parakeet (E) GO Psittacara finschi
CDM
MANY
LS
MANY
TAR
LS
SAV
LS
ER
LS
CAR, TAR
ER
TYPICAL ANTBIRDS: THAMNOPHILIDAE
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Fasciated Antshrike
Barred Antshrike
Black-crowned Antshrike
Black-hooded Antshrike (E)
Dot-winged Antwren
Dusky Antbird
Chestnut-backed Antbird
Dull-mantled Antbird
Zeledon's Antbird HO
Cymbilaimus lineatus
Thamnophilus doliatus
Thamnophilus atrinucha
Thamnophilus bridgesi
Microrhopias quixensis
Cercomacroides tyrannina
Myrmeciza exsul
Myrmeciza laemosticta
Myrmeciza zeledoni
LS
CAR
LS
CAR
CAR
LS
MANY
BC
BC
Hylopezus perspicillatus
CAR
ANTPITTAS: GRALLARIIDAE
Streak-chested Antpitta
TAPACULOS: RHINOCRYPTIDAE
Silvery-fronted Tapaculo (E) HO Scytalopus argentifrons
SAV, CDM
ANTTHRUSHES: FORMOICARIIDAE
Black-faced Antthrush
Formicarius analis
CAR
OVENBIRDS AND WOODCREEPERS: FURNARIIDAE
Gray-throated Leaftosser
Sclerurus albigularis
Olivaceous Woodcreeper
Sittasomus griseicapillus
Ruddy Woodcreeper
Dendrocincla homochroa
Plain-brown Woodcreeper
Dendrocincla fuliginosa
Wedge-billed Woodcreeper
Glyphorynchus spirurus
Northern Barred-Woodcreeper Dendrocolaptes sanctithomae
Cocoa Woodcreeper
Xiphorhynchus susurrans
Streak-headed Woodcreeper Lepidocolaptes souleyetii
Spot-crowned Woodcreeper
Lepidocolaptes affinis
Plain Xenops
Xenops minutus
Lineated Foliage-gleaner
Syndactyla subalaris
Buff-throated Foliage-gleaner GO Automolus ochrolaemus
Ruddy Treerunner (E)
Margarornis rubiginosus
CC
SAV, CC
CC
LS
LS
CC
MANY
LS, CAR
SAV, MON
LS, CAR
MON
CAR
CDM
TYRANT FLYCATCHERS: TYRANNIDAE
Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet Camptostoma obsoletum
Yellow-bellied Elaenia
Elaenia flavogaster
Mountain Elaenia
Elaenia frantzii
Olive-striped Flycatcher
Mionectes olivaceus
Ochre-bellied Flycatcher
Mionectes oleaginous
Paltry Tyrannulet
Zimmerius vilissimus
Black-capped Pygmy-Tyrant
Myiornis atricapillus
Northern Bentbill GO
Oncostoma cinereigulare
Common Tody-Flycatcher
Todirostrum cinereum
Yellow-olive Flycatcher
Tolmomyias sulphurescens
Golden-crowned Spadebill
Platyrinchus coronatus
Royal Flycatcher HO
Onychorhynchus coronatus
Tufted Flycatcher
Mitrephanes phaeocercus
CAR
LS
MANY
MON
LS
MANY
LS
CAR
MANY
LS, CAR
CAR
LS
MON
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Dark Pewee (E)
Acadian Flycatcher
Yellowish Flycatcher
Black-capped Flycatcher
Black Phoebe
Long-tailed Tyrant
Bright-rumped Attila
Dusky-capped Flycatcher
Great Crested Flycatcher GO
Great Kiskadee
Social Flycatcher
Gray-capped Flycatcher
White-ringed Flycatcher
Streaked Flycatcher
Piratic Flycatcher
Tropical Kingbird
Scissor-tailed Flycatcher
Contopus lugubris
Empidonax virescens
Empidonax flavescens
Empidonax atriceps
Sayornis nigricans
Colonia colonus
Attila spadiceus
Myiarchus tuberculifer
Myiarchus crinitus
Pitangus sulphuratus
Myiozetetes similis
Myiozetetes granadensis
Conopias albovittatus
Myiodynastes maculatus
Legatus leucophaius
Tyrannus melancholicus
Tyrannus forficatus
SAV
LS
SAV, MON
SAV
SAV
LS
MANY
MANY
LS
MANY
MANY
LS, CAR
LS
CAR
CAR
MANY
ER
Procnias tricarunculatus
CC
Chiroxiphia linearis
Corapipo altera
Lepidothrix coronate
Manacus candei
Ceratopipra mentalis
BAJ
LS
CAR
LS
LS
Tityra inquisitor
Tityra semifasciata
Pachyramphus cinnamomeus
Pachyramphus polychopterus
Pachyramphus aglaiae
LS
LS
LS
CAR
CAR
COTINGAS: COTINGIDAE
Three-wattled Bellbird (E)
MANAKINS: PIPRIDAE
Long-tailed Manakin
White-ruffed Manakin
Blue-crowned Manakin
White-collared Manakin
Red-capped Manakin
TITYRAS AND ALLIES: TITYRIDAE
Black-crowned Tityra
Masked Tityra
Cinnamon Becard
White-winged Becard
Rose-throated Becard
VIREOS, SHRIKE-BABBLERS & ERPORNIS: VIREONIDAE
Mangrove Vireo
Yellow-winged Vireo (E)
Brown-capped Vireo
Philadelphia Vireo
Yellow-green Vireo
Lesser Greenlet
Rufous-browed Peppershrike
Vireo pallens
Vireo carmioli
Vireo leucophrys
Vireo philadelphicus
Vireo flavoviridis
Pachysylvia decurtata
Cyclarhis gujanensis
TAR
SAV
BAJ
SAV, BAJ
CAR
MANY
TAR
CROWS, JAYS, AND MAGPIES: CORVIDAE
White-throated Magpie-Jay
Brown Jay
Calocitta formosa
Psilorhinus morio
MON
CAR, MON
SWALLOWS: HIRUNDINIDAE
+1-409-515-0514
30
Blue-and-white Swallow
Pygochelidon cyanoleuca
Northern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx serripennis
Southern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx ruficollis
Gray-breasted Martin
Progne chalybea
Mangrove Swallow
Tachycineta albilinea
Barn Swallow
Hirundo rustica
MANY
LS
LS
LS, CAR
MANY
CAR, TAR
WRENS: TROGLODYTIDAE
Nightingale Wren
House Wren
Ochraceous Wren (E)
Timberline Wren (E)
Band-backed Wren
Rufous-naped Wren
Black-bellied Wren (E)
Rufous-breasted Wren
Black-throated Wren
Stripe-breasted Wren (E) HO
Plain Wren
Riverside Wren (E)
Bay Wren
White-breasted Wood-Wren
Gray-breasted Wood-Wren
Microcerculus Philomela
Troglodytes aedon
Troglodytes ochraceus
Thryorchilus browni
Campylorhynchus zonatus
Campylorhynchus rufinucha
Pheugopedius fasciatoventris
Pheugopedius rutilus
Pheugopedius atrogularis
Cantorchilus thoracicus
Cantorchilus modestus
Cantorchilus semibadius
Cantorchilus nigricapillus
Henicorhina leucosticte
Henicorhina leucophrys
BC
MANY
SAV, MON
CDM
LS
CV, CAR
CAR
CAR
LS
LS
MON
CAR
ET
MANY
MANY
Microbates cinereiventris
Polioptila plumbea
BC
LS
GNATCATCHERS: POLIOPTILIDAE
Tawny-faced Gnatwren
Tropical Gnatcatcher
DIPPERS: CINCLIDAE
American Dipper GO
Cinclus mexicanus
SAV
THRUSHES AND ALLIES: TURDIDAE
Black-faced Solitaire (E)
Myadestes melanops
Black-billed Nightingale-Thrush (E) Catharus gracilirostris
Orange-billed Nightingale-Thrush Catharus aurantiirostris
Slaty-backed Nightingale-Thrush Catharus fuscater
Ruddy-capped Nightingale-Thrush Catharus frantzii
Black-headed Nightingale-Thrush Catharus mexicanus
Swainson's Thrush GO
Catharus ustulatus
Wood Thrush
Hylocichla mustelina
Sooty Thrush (E)
Turdus nigrescens
Mountain Thrush
Turdus plebejus
Pale-vented Thrush
Turdus obsoletus
Clay-colored Thrush
Turdus grayi
MON, SAV
SAV
MON
CDM, CC
SAV
BC
MON
MANY
SAV
MANY
BC, LS
MANY
MOCKINGBIRDS AND THRASHERS: MIMIDAE
Tropical Mockingbird
Mimus gilvus
+1-409-515-0514
SAV
31
SILKY-FLYCATCHERS: PTILOGONATIDAE
Black-and-yellow Silky-flycatcher(E) Phainoptila melanoxantha
Long-tailed Silky-flycatcher (E) Ptiliogonys caudatus
CDM
SAV
NEW WORLD WARBLERS: PARULIDAE
Ovenbird
Worm-eating Warbler
Northern Waterthrush
Golden-winged Warbler
Black-and-white Warbler
Prothonotary Warbler
Flame-throated Warbler (E)
Tennessee Warbler
Yellow Warbler (Northern)
Yellow Warbler (Mangrove)
Chestnut-sided Warbler
Black-throated Green Warbler
Rufous-capped Warbler
Black-cheeked Warbler (E)
Golden-crowned Warbler
Three-striped Warbler
Buff-rumped Warbler
Wilson's Warbler
Slate-throated Redstart
Collared Redstart (E)
Wrenthrush (E)
Seiurus aurocapilla
CAR
Helmitheros vermivorum
CAR
Parkesia noveboracensis
CAR
Vermivora chrysoptera
BAJ
Mniotilta varia
MANY
Protonotaria citrea
TAR
Oreothlypis gutturalis
SAV, CDM
Oreothlypis peregrine
MANY
Setophaga petechia (aestiva)
MANY
Setophaga petechia (erithachorides) TAR
Setophaga pensylvanica
MANY
Setophaga virens
MANY
Basileuterus rufifrons
MON
Basileuterus melanogenys
SAV
Basileuterus culicivorus
BAJ, CC
Basileuterus tristriatus
MON, CC
Myiothlypis fulvicauda
BC, LS
Cardellina pusilla
MANY
Myioborus miniatus
MON, CC
Myioborus torquatus
SAV
Zeledonia coronate
SAV, CDM
TANAGERS AND ALLIES: THRAUPIDAE
Tawny-crested Tanager
Passerini's Tanager
Cherrie's Tanager (E)
Blue-gray Tanager
Palm Tanager
Golden-hooded Tanager
Spangle-cheeked Tanager (E)
Emerald Tanager
Silver-throated Tanager
Scarlet-thighed Dacnis
Red-legged Honeycreeper
Green Honeycreeper
Black-and-yellow Tanager (E)
Slaty Flowerpiercer (E)
Blue-black Grassquit
Variable Seedeater
White-collared Seedeater
Bananaquit
Yellow-faced Grassquit
Tachyphonus delatrii
Ramphocelus passerinii
Ramphocelus costaricensis
Thraupis episcopus
Thraupis palmarum
Tangara larvata
Tangara dowii
Tangara florida
Tangara icterocephala
Dacnis venusta
Cyanerpes cyaneus
Chlorophanes spiza
Chrysothlypis chrysomelas
Diglossa plumbea
Volatinia jacarina
Sporophila corvina
Sporophila torqueola
Coereba flaveola
Tiaris olivaceus
+1-409-515-0514
ET
MANY
ER, CAR
MANY
ER, CAR
LS, CAR
SAV, MON
ET
MANY
CC
LS, CAR
LS
ET
SAV, CDM
LS
MANY
ER, CAR
MANY
MON
32
Dusky-faced Tanager
Black-headed Saltator
Buff-throated Saltator
Mitrospingus cassinii
Saltator atriceps
Saltator maximus
LS
ET
MANY
BUNTINGS AND NEW WORLD SPARROWS: EMBERIZIDAE
Sooty-capped Chlorospingus (E) Chlorospingus pileatus
Common Chlorospingus
Chlorospingus flavopectus
Orange-billed Sparrow
Arremon aurantiirostris
Chestnut-capped Brushfinch Arremon brunneinucha
Rufous-collared Sparrow
Zonotrichia capensis
Volcano Junco (E)
Junco vulcani
Large-footed Finch (E)
Pezopetes capitalis
White-eared Ground-Sparrow Melozone leucotis
Yellow-thighed Finch
(E)
Pselliophorus tibialis
White-naped Brushfinch
Atlapetes albinucha
SAV, MON
SAV, MON
LS, CAR
SAV, CC
MANY
CDM
SAV
MON, CC
SAV, CDM
CC
CARDINALS AND ALLIES: CARDINALIDAE
Hepatic Tanager
Summer Tanager
Flame-colored Tanager
Red-throated Ant-Tanager GO
Black-faced Grosbeak
Black-thighed Grosbeak (E)
Rose-breasted Grosbeak
Blue-black Grosbeak
Blue Grosbeak GO
Piranga flava
Piranga rubra
Piranga bidentate
Habia fuscicauda
Caryothraustes poliogaster
Pheucticus tibialis
Pheucticus ludovicianus
Cyanocompsa cyanoides
Passerina caerulea
MON
MANY
SAV
LS
LS
LS, SAV
LS, CAR
CAR
ER
Agelaius phoeniceus
Dives dives
Quiscalus mexicanus
Molothrus bonariensis
Molothrus aeneus
Icterus prosthemelas
Icterus spurius
Icterus pectoralis
Icterus galbula
Psarocolius wagleri
Psarocolius Montezuma
TAR
LS
MANY
LS
ER
LS
ER
CV
SAV, CAR
LS
LS
TROUPIALS AND ALLIES: ICTERIDAE
Red-winged Blackbird
Melodious Blackbird
Great-tailed Grackle
Shiny Cowbird
Bronzed Cowbird GO
Black-cowled Oriole
Orchard Oriole
Spot-breasted Oriole
Baltimore Oriole
Chestnut-headed Oropendola
Montezuma Oropendola
FINCHES, EUPHONIAS, AND ALLIES: FRINGILLIDAE
Yellow-crowned Euphonia (E) Euphonia luteicapilla
Yellow-throated Euphonia
Euphonia hirundinacea
Elegant Euphonia
Euphonia elegantissima
Olive-backed Euphonia
Euphonia gouldi
White-vented Euphonia
Euphonia minuta
Tawny-capped Euphonia (E)
Euphonia anneae
Golden-browed Chlorophonia (E) Chlorophonia callophrys
CC
CAR
CC
ET, LS
LS
BC
CC
+1-409-515-0514
33
Lesser Goldfinch GO
Yellow-bellied Siskin GO
Spinus psaltria
Spinus xanthogastrus
SAV
SAV
Passer domesticus
MANY
OLD WORLD SPARROWS: PASSERIDAE
House Sparrow
MAMMAL LIST
Brazilian Long-nosed (Proboscis) Bat
Rhynchonycteris naso
CAR
Honduran White Bat/White Tent Bat
Ectophylla alba
LS
Northern Ghost Bat
Diclidurus albus
CAR
Mantled Howler
Alouatta palliate
ER
White-headed Capuchin
Cebus capucinus
MON
Hoffmann's Two-toed Sloth
Choloepus hoffmanni
LS
Northern Tamandua
Tamandua mexicana
LS
Variegated Squirrel
Sciurus variegatoides
MANY
Red-tailed Squirrel
Sciurus granatensis
SAV
Central American Agouti
Dasyprocta punctata
LS,
White-nosed Coati
Nasua narica
MON
Collared Peccary
Pecari tajacu
LS
Marine Toad
Rhinella marina
CAR
Strawberry Poison Frog
Oophaga pumilio
SA
Common Basilisk
Basiliscus basiliscus
CAR
Brown Basilisk
Basiliscus vittatus
LS
Green Iguana
Iguana iguana
LS
Common House Gecko
Hemidactylus frenatus
MANY
CAR,
MON,
OTHERS
+1-409-515-0514
34

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