The Air France commitment to the environment

Transcription

The Air France commitment
to the environment
Air France and environmental issues p.2
I. The Air France commitment to cutting emissions p.4
- Gas emissions p.4
- Noise footprint p.11
II. Emissions Trading Scheme:
Air France supports a fair system p.13
III. Air France works together with partners p.15
- Calculating and offsetting CO2 emissions with Goodplanet p.15
- Fighting climate change together with partners p.17
Annex p.18
PRESS OFFICE 45, RUE DE PARIS 95747 ROISSY CDG CEDEX WEBSITE CORPORATE.AIRFRANCE.COM
JUNE 2008
THE AIR FRANCE COMMITMENT TO THE ENVIRONMENT
2
Air France and environmental issues
The environmental issue has never been so uppermost in people’s minds as it is today. The evaluation missions carried out by the IPCC (intergovernmental panel on climate change), the preparation of the post-Kyoto agreement, the EU Commission’s draft directive on the Emissions Trading
Scheme, the setting up of a large Ministry of the Environment in France and the rallying
of the French people around the Environmental Summit (Grenelle de l’Environnement), are all
significant signs of a widescale awareness of environmental issues.
This awareness has long been shared by airlines, aircraft and engine manufacturers, airports and
air traffic control authorities.
In 1996, Air France published its 1st annual environmental report, and in 1999, Air France’s
maintenance subsidiary CRMA (société de Construction et de Réparation de Matériel) was awarded
ISO 14001 certification for environmental management. In 2003, Air France signed the UN Global
Compact and in 2004, signed a Sustainable Development Charter with its suppliers. As proof of this
commitment, in 2005, the AIR FRANCE KLM Group was included in sustainability indices, DJSI*
and FTSE4Good*, followed by ASPI* in 2006. The Company’s global ISO 14001 certification figures
among the projects underway in 2008.
The progress made over the last few years to reduce carbon emissions (CO2) has been considerable. For example, between 2000 and 2006, the modernization of the Air France fleet led to a
12% reduction in fuel consumption per passenger. The new generation planes such as the A380
and the Boeing 787, will need less than three litres per 100 km per passenger. Air France has committed to reducing its average fuel consumption per passenger to 3.7 litres per 100 km by 2012.
The air transport industry has, however, one particular characteristic which it does not share
with most other business sectors. It's contribution to worldwide CO2 emissions is relatively low,
between 2 and 3%, but according to forecasts made before the soaring oil prices, this contribution
could grow for two reasons:
- first because, in a world of increasing economic and social demand for mobility, the need for air
transport can only increase. Air France, like other airlines, intends to meet this demand;
- secondly because, where aviation is concerned there is no energy substitute for fuel in the
medium term, unlike other industrial sectors.
* See glossary
JUNE 2008
3
As part of its resolute approach, combining responsibility with realism, Air France undertakes to
pursue its efforts and to use every possible means to further reduce the impact of its operations on
the environment. This is why Air France signed an agreement on its commitments in January 2008
with the Ministry of Ecology and Sustainable Development in the framework of the Environmental
Summit (Grenelle de l’environnement).
To meet its targets, Air France is actively leveraging five main areas:
- investing in a modern fleet, with more fuel-efficient aircraft that reject less CO2,
- organizing a network around hubs to limit the multiplication in resources,
- systematically avoiding unnecessary fuel consumption to lower gas emissions,
- supporting the inclusion of air transport into the European Emissions Trading Scheme in a fair manner,
- prior to this inclusion, working with partners to fight against climate change.
« Air France, along with KLM, is the world’s leading airline group offering the largest network
linking Europe to the rest of the world. Our leadership position means that we need to adopt
responsible practices and set the benchmark in this domain ».
Jean-Cyril Spinetta, Chairman and CEO of Air France
JUNE 2008
4
I- The Air France commitment
to cutting emissions
Gas emissions
Target 2012: 3.7 litres per passenger per 100 km
One of the world’s youngest long-haul fleets
The first lever for action which Air France can use to reduce the impact of its operations on the
environment is the renewal of its fleet so as to fly increasingly efficient aircraft.
This involves huge investments – 14 billion euros between 1998 and 2012 – enabling the
Company to make substantial progress, with the entry into service of the latest generation aircraft.
During the last five years, 85 new aircraft have joined the Air France fleet and 76 have been
phased out. This represents an investment of 4 billion euros.
In 2007 alone, 14 new aircraft were put into service and 12 older planes were retired. Today, for
example, the average age of the Air France long-haul fleet is 7 years, whereas it was 10 years in 1998.
Thanks to an ongoing policy of modernization and investment, Air France has reduced its fuel
consumption and specific CO2 emissions by 12% in only six years.
Without this resolute approach, Air France would have burnt 850,000 tons of extra fuel in 2008 for
the same volume of activity. This would have meant over 2.6 million tons of CO2.
Progress is still expected with the arrival of new generation aircraft including the Airbus A380.
Compared with 2006’s average consumption per passenger of 3.95 litres per 100 km, Air France is
committed to bringing consumption down to 3.7 litres in 2012.
JUNE 2008
Gas emissions
5
Air France plans to bring fuel consumption per passenger
down to 3.65 litres per 100 km by 2012
The introduction of new-generation aircraft
allows to significantly reduce fuel consumption.
(per seat-km or tonne-km)
JUNE 2008
Gas emissions
6
Fuel-efficient engines
One ton of fuel burnt generates 3.15 tons of CO2.
The direct ratio between fuel consumption and the amount of CO2 emitted shows that improving
engine performance is essential to reduce CO2 emissions.
Specific engine fuel consumption drops by about 1% per year. For example, fuel consumption
has dropped by about 20% when comparing the CF6-50 engine on the Boeing 747-200 in 1979 and
the GE90 engines powering the Boeing 777 in 2001.
Not only do the new generation of engines enable airlines to reduce CO2 emissions, but they also
reduce noise pollution.
Each new generation of engines – which come out around every 10 years – reduces noise energy
by 10 db.
For example, replacing the Boeing 747-300s by Boeing 777-300ERs has enabled Air France to
reduce threefold its noise footprint on the ground of concerned flights at Orly.
Specific engine fuel consumption
drops by about 1% per year on average
JUNE 2008
Gas emissions
7
The energy-efficient hub at Paris-Charles de Gaulle
The hub organization of the Air France network around Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport is a valuable asset in terms of energy efficiency. The very principle of a hub, seeking the convergence of traffic
flows in order to pool operating resources, enables airlines to make full use of their capacity. You can
carry the same number of passengers with fewer flights.
Furthermore, the hub enables us to combine point-to-point and connecting traffic on the same
route. As a result, the load factor on long-haul flights has improved and bigger aircraft can be
operated. And the bigger the aircraft, the less it requires in fuel consumption per passenger, which
in turn further limits CO2 emissions.
To connect a network of 100 cities, you need 4,950 direct routes,
whereas it only takes 100 routes via a hub.
Origin of passengers on PARIS - SAO-PAULO flight*
Reduction in CO2 emissions per seat/km (on 100 base)
Lyon: 1.3%
100
Nice: 1.1%
Marseille: 0.8%
Toulon: 0.7%
Geneva: 2%
Athens: 1%
-20%
Sao Paulo
Hamburg: 0.8%
80
Stockholm: 0.8%
Florence: 0.8%
Hanover: 0.7%
etc. = approx. 75% of
connecting passengers
Paris-Charles De Gaulle
A330
A380
*annual average
By combining small traffic flows, the hub system allows to increase the load factor on long-haul flights
making it possible to operate larger capacity aircraft, producing less CO2 emissions per passenger.
JUNE 2008
Gas emissions
8
Air France seeks out unnecessary fuel consumption
Without ever compromising flight safety, which is Air France’s absolute priority, it methodically
identifies all possible fuel savings and in this way, reduces its CO2 emissions per passenger each year.
In this ongoing approach, the airline explores every avenue.
Taking an active role in improving air traffic management
ON THE GROUND
Improved ground traffic management in real time at Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport would, as
from 2009, enable Air France to reduce taxiing and waiting time on the ground, and thereby fuel
consumption.
IN FLIGHT
The inefficiency of air traffic management – which according to IATA increases flight distances by
12% – has led the European Union to launch a Single European Sky initiative, to which Air France
actively contributes.
The success of this project depends on two key factors:
- the reorganization of airspace in Europe in functional airspace blocks (FAB)
regardless of national borders,
- the improvement of communication systems and procedures, leading to the optimization of traffic
flows in real time, with the SESAR (Single European Sky Air Traffic Management Research) Project.
(
Route optimization would allow to reduce the flight distance
between Paris and Munich by 33%
Examples Air France reductions in CO2 emissions:
-19,000 tons in 2010: new flight departure organization at Paris-Charles de Gaulle
- 79,000 tons in 2013: SESAR 2013
- 158,000 tons in 2020: SESAR 2020
JUNE 2008
Gas emissions
9
Reducing aircraft weight
The lighter the plane, the less fuel it burns and the less CO2 it emits. Consequently, Air France
scrutinizes all its on-board equipment, from glasses to crew documentation via cabin fittings and
meal service supplies. As a result, in autumn 2009, Air France will be phasing in a brand new seat on
short-haul aircraft, which is 4.5 kilos lighter than the current one. This saving will enable
Air France to reduce its annual CO2 emissions by 8,000 tons.
Weight is of course never reduced if it is detrimental to the safety and comfort of passengers.
Reduction in CO2 emissions:
21,000 tons as from 2008: introduction of new lighter cabin equipment
Carrying the optimum quantity of fuel
While complying with the European regulations guaranteeing flight safety with fixed minimum
quantities of fuel, the captain decides on the amount of fuel he wishes to carry on board according
to flight parameters such as the payload (passengers, baggage, freight), specific characteristics of
the route (congestion on arrival or en route) or the weather conditions. These are factors which
Air France endeavours to evaluate as precisely as possible, so as to be able to carry the optimum
quantity of fuel on each flight.
Example reduction in CO2 emissions:
-33,000 tons by 2010: use of statistics to optimize the quantity of fuel carried on board
Adapting flight procedures
At the same time as ensuring flight safety, pilots can also reduce CO2 emissions by always
applying the most appropriate procedures to use less fuel from taxiing to landing and parking:
ongoing search for appropriate flight level and speed, flying direct routes, continuous or visual
descent approach procedures, taxiing on the ground with one or two engines shut down, at the
parking stand: utilization of electrical Ground Power Units (GPUs) rather than the aircraft APUs.
Example reduction in CO2 emissions:
-20,000 tons by 2010: limited use of Auxiliary Power Units (APU)
JUNE 2008
Gas emissions
10
JUNE 2008
11
Noise footprint
Noise on the ground considerably reduced
Noise emissions are a major concern to Air France, particularly with regard to residents around
airports where the carrier’s main bases are located, i.e. Paris-Charles de Gaulle and Paris-Orly.
Technological advances have been instrumental in reducing noise emissions in the last forty
years, as 20 db of noise energy have been saved on aircraft over this period (comparatively speaking, it is estimated that noise is divided by two per every 3 db gained).
Therefore, on a constant noise index (Lden 55) basis, the surfaces exposed to aeronautical noise
produced by all airlines around Paris-Charles de Gaulle dropped by 49% between 1998 and 2004.
This technological progress has led to a significant improvement in Air France’s noise emissions
over the last ten years, thanks to its considerable efforts in upgrading the Company fleet.
At AIR FRANCE KLM Group level, global noise energy dropped 25% over the last seven years,
whereas traffic increased by 22% in the same period.
For example, Air France has replaced the Boeing 747-300s it operates from Orly to the French
Caribbean and Réunion by the latest generation Boeing 777-300ERs. Therefore, the Company has
reduced by 17% its share of residents’ global noise exposure.
Air France has decided to cut all flights arriving at or leaving from Paris-Charles de Gaulle
between midnight and 5:00am – with the exception of a flight from Noumea (via Tokyo).
TNSA
A specific tax - tax on noise pollution generated by air transport
(TNSA) – was created to finance noise insulation programmes
around airports. This tax, financed by airlines, varies according
to the allocated slots and acoustic quality of the aircraft.
The TNSA budget is regularly reassessed to cope with the
growing number of residents eligible to compensation,
as decided by the authorities, in spite of reduced noise levels.
In 2008, Air France’s contribution will reach €18.5 million.
JUNE 2008
Noise footprint
12
During the last seven years, AIR FRANCE KLM reduced noise energy by 25%
while increasing its traffic by 22%
JUNE 2008
13
II- Emissions Trading Scheme:
Air France supports a fair system
To ensure that aviation effectively contributes to the reduction of global CO 2 emissions,
a fair ETS market, supported by Air France, is a better solution than taxation. Taxation would
simply worsen the financial capacity of airlines to invest in more efficient and therefore cleaner aircraft.
However, the economic context has considerably changed since the ETS was implemented
in 2005, - with a threefold increase in the price per barrel of petrol, uncertain global growth
together with the introduction of increasingly tougher conditions governing the integration
of air transport in the ETS system rendering market mechanisms inefficient, even a threat to the
survival of airlines.
In order for the ETS scheme to remain virtuous, the conditions for implementing this system must
be fair and realistic so as to take into account the new economic context:
The scheme must not be discriminatory. It must apply in the same way to all airlines in
the world. A carrier whose hub is located outside the European Union yet flies passengers
from one side of the planet to the other while circumnavigating Europe, would have an unfair
advantage over airlines with a hub in Europe. Some traffic flows would be diverted from
European to non-European hubs and the efforts asked of European airlines in the fight against
climate change would be wiped out. Failing this, the scheme should involve similar groups that are
subject to the same regulations, for example starting with intra-European traffic at the outset.
The authorized quotas must be allocated free of charge. To cover market operating costs,
a small proportion of quotas could be auctioned. Auctioning a large number or even all the quotas
would mean implementing a taxation system, which is in total opposition to the underlying principle
of ETS, weakening the financial capacity of airlines to invest in new aircraft.
The ETS must be implemented in a market which is open to various industrial sectors. If the
current proposal enables carriers to buy emissions permits on the market, the more virtuous among
them should also be able to sell them to other sectors
The reference basis should take into account the efforts already made by each airline before
the system is implemented, so that those which have already invested in modern fleets are not at a
disadvantage.
JUNE 2008
Emissions Trading Scheme: Air France actively supports a fair system
14
ETS: how it works
Depending on the targeted reduction of CO2 emissions, the Emissions
Trading Scheme defines the amount of greenhouse gases a company
is allowed to emit, using a given period as a reference.
If the greenhouse gases emitted by this company are below the fixed
threshold, it will have a «surplus», which it can sell on the market
to other companies which have exceeded their emissions limits,
thereby enabling them to meet their targets.
B companies are encouraged to modernize their equipment so as to
reduce their CO2 emissions, or even sell them. B companies finance
the investments made by A companies who are thus given further
incentives to persevere with their efforts.
JUNE 2008
15
III- Air France works together
with partners
Calculating and offsetting
CO2 emissions with Goodplanet
How does the Air France calculator work?
Air France has introduced an emissions calculator on its website, enabling customers to calculate
the CO2 emissions generated by the flights it operates. The calculations are based on the actual
operating data recorded on each route, taking into account:
- the type of aircraft operating the route;
- the actual fuel consumed;
- the number of passengers;
- the weight of baggage and freight carried on board.
JUNE 2008
Air France works together with partners
16
How can customers offset their emissions?
Thanks to the calculator, customers can assess the amount of CO2 generated by their trip. Then,
they can choose to concretely offset this amount by contributing to a project that saves the same
quantity of CO2. In this way, their trip becomes carbon neutral. To do this, they log onto a website
common to Air France and Goodplanet which:
- allows them to choose the amount to donate,
- enables them to find out more about offsetting and the projects funded.
The donations received then feed the «Action Carbone» programme aimed at financing projects
in the fields of energy efficiency and renewable energies
JUNE 2008
17
Fighting climate change
together with partners
Even before air transport is included in the EU’s Emissions Trading System, Air France has
already started fighting climate change with its partners.
As the first step of a process which could lead to other partnerships in France and other regions
of the world where Air France operates, the Company has agreed to finance a campaign against
deforestation in Madagascar, with the NGO Goodplanet.
Madagascar Project: 500,000 hectares
of protected or restored forest
- Financing: 5 million euros
- Term of commitment: 3 years
- 60 to 70 million tons of CO2 sequestered by the concerned forests
Forests play a key role in the earth’s climatic balance. At the same time as they temper and
moisten the atmosphere, they sequester CO2. Each hectare of forest – trees and soil – contains
120 to 400 tons of carbon.
Consequently, their destruction leads to greenhouse gas emissions and reduces the capacity of
the ecosystem to absorb CO2. Deforestation accounts for some 20% of CO2 manmade emissions.
Air France fights against deforestation by funding the Goodplanet project to protect forests,
implemented locally by WWF/Madagascar. 500,000 hectares of forest are concerned, representing
60 to 70 million tons of potentially protected sequested carbon. The aims of the project are in priority to reduce the rate of primary forest destruction, preserve biodiversity and improving local populations’ living conditions.
Concrete examples of action:
- Promoting environmentally-safe farming methods
- Awareness and information campaigns among farmers
- Creating new protected areas…
JUNE 2008

The Air France commitment to the environment

Transcription

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