The History of Condom - Sexual Health Visual

AOFS, Mar.31-Apr.3, 2016
The History of Condom
Nam Cheol Park, MD,PhD
Dept. of Urology, Pusan National University School of Medicine
Busan, Korea
Definition of Condom
•Wikipedia: a sheath-shaped barrier device that may be used
during sexual intercourse to reduce the probability of pregnancy
and spreading sexually transmitted infections (STIs/STDs)
such as HIV/AIDS
• one of the oldest medical tools, used at least 4000 years
1
Etymology of “Condom”
•“Condus” – receptacle. “ Condamina” – house (Latin)
•“Kemdu” – vessel (Persian)
•“Guantone” – glove(Italy)
•“French Letter”
•“Redingote Anglaise” (English Raincoat)
•“Capotes Anglaise”
•“Baudruche” – (balloon, windbag)
Materials and Use of Condom
: From Animal Viscera to Synthetic Chemicals through Latex
From Mythology to Industrial Use through Medicine
2
Greece
Mythology of Greece
: King Minos of Crete believe to have “serpents and scorpions” in his semen.
His wife Pasiphae was protected with goats’ bladder.
Egypt
1000 BC, colored linen sheath
3
Rome
• Gustav Klint, Roman godness “Hygeia”
•Protection of syphilis and other VD
•Linen sheaths/Animal viscera; sheep and goat’s bladder
Natural Materials for Condom in Ancient
Gut of sheep, goat, pig
Air bladder of carp
Fish skin
Animal skin
Turtle skin
Cotton fabric
Silk paper
4
Renaissance
1564, Gabriele Fallopio in book “De Morbo
Gallico(French disease)”
: first description in medical literature of condom
•linen glans sheaths fastened with a ribbon
•bladders and intestine condoms from lamb &
goat prevalent with high tensile strength
•lubricated with saliva
•prescribed sheaths against syphilis
•1100 men - no men contracted syphilis
1605, Leonardus Lessius in book “De iustitia et iure”
: first description in use for birth control of condom
England
•Evidence in Dudley Castle
•Fish and animal intestine about dating of 1640
•Pork tripe
•Doctor of King Charles II(1706): lamb sheaths by
Colonel Condom (similar with modern condom)
•Prevent conception of illegitimate children
5
Oldest Condom in the World
:1640AD, Lund Sweden, pig-intestine, reusable
China & Japan
China
•
•
•
Silk paper sheaths/goat intestine
Oil lubricant
Disease prevention
Japan
• Animal horn
• In the late 16th century, Dutch traders introduced
•
condoms made from "fine leather" to Japan.
Kabuta-Gata
:Leather cap covering the glans
hard condom?? dual purpose ?
:developed ribbed condom for entire penis
6
Material Development for Condom
Ancient
Rubber : 1855
Latex : 1920
Polyurethane : 1994
Polyisoprene : 2008
Female Condom with nitrile
Rubber Condoms
•Charles Goodyear(1800-1860), American inventor
: discovered a way of processing natural rubber(1839)
- sulfur and natural rubber to be more malleable and durable
: 1st rubber condom(1855)
- large scale production with cheaper price
- reusable/not to fit
•Skin condom from intestine or bladder, more comfortable on the end of 19th C
: required to fit
7
The Comstock Law of USA, 1873
A federal act passed by the United States Congress on Mar. 3, 1873,
as the Act for the "Suppression of Trade in, and Circulation of,
Obscene Literature and Articles of Immoral Use". The Act
criminalized usage of the U.S. Postal Service to send any of the
following items: erotica, contraceptives, abortifacients, sex toys.
•prohibited the vending of condoms via post
•prevented the public advertising of contraception
:chance to growing the concern about VD
on the end of the American Civil War.
Opposition or Sanction against Condom Use
•Anglican Church(1930),
•US Federal Council of Church (1931)
•Roman Catholic
•Sigmund Freud
•Nazi Germany & Fascist Italy
•Masai in Tanzania
•Latino Immigrants at USA
8
Military Perspective of Condom
•German, promote condom use on later 18th C
•American, provide condom on early 19th C
;chance to growing the concern about venereal diseases
after 1865 on the end of the American Civil War,
The Latex era of Contemporary Condom
Latex(1920’): rubber suspended in water
9
Prerequisite for Ideal Condom
•water-proof, elastic, durable
•easy applicable
•thin thickness to preserve or enhance pleasure
& to transmit body heat
•fewer adverse effect
•commercially available with good color, odor, transformed shape,
noctilucence, biodegradable
Medical to Industrial Use of Condom
1. Birth control, most popular contraception method
2. STD protection
3. Urine drainage as catheter
4. Semen collector for semen analysis & IUI
5. To reduce the level of antisperm antibody
6. Endo-vaginal or rectal ultrasound probes
7. Fellatio
8. Anti-rape condom to cause pain to attackers
9. To smuggle alcohol, cocaine, heroin
10. To waterproof microphones for underwater recording
11. To protect samples from environment
12. To storage corrosive materials
13. Garrot
10
World wide Condom Production
•26.3 million(3000 per hour) on 1920’s
•18.6 billion on 2015
World’s largest condom
Guilin, China 2003
Material Characteristics for Condom
•Latex(1920’); conventional
not applicable oil lubricant
•Polyurethane(1994); better transmitting body heat
less allergic
no odor
less elastic
•Polyisoprene(2008); synthetic version of natural latex
better transmitting body heat
not applicable oil lubricant
11
Technical Thickness of Condom
• Usually 0.04 – 0.07 mm thickness
Japan, the highest rate of condom usage in the world in 2008
Estimated Size of Condom in Each Country
Each condom can
hold up to 34 litres
of fluid
12
Transformed Shape of Condom
: ribbed or studded condom to stimulate G-spot or frenulum
Vibrating Condom
13
Oil-based and non-oil based lubricants
Age Distribution of Condom User
14
World City Price of Condom
Sales of Condom in Korea
15
Military Utilization of Condom in Korea
How to Put on Condom?
16
Adverse Effects of Condom
•Few in prevalence
•Breakage rate 0.4-2.3%
Slippage rate 0.6-1.3%
Positive rate of semen residue 1-3%
Pregnancy rate, 2% on perfect use
18% on typical use
•Allergy to latex
Future & Research of Condom
•Invisible condom(2005), developed at Université Laval in
Québec, Canada, is a gel that hardens upon increased
temperature after insertion into the vagina or rectum
•Spray-on condom(2009), easier to apply and more successful
in preventing the transmission of diseases but not going to
market because the drying time
•Dual purpose condom with transformation, medication
: to reduce slippage
to enhance penile size
to be medicated for ED/PE
to be with spermicide for greater protection, nonoxynol-9
17
Seven Wonders for Save the Earth
condom
clothesline
A ceiling fan
Public library
Thai noodle
bicycle
ladybug
Conclusion
Condom research would be evolved to
creative territory in aspect of not only
use objective, production material,
consumer compliance, but also
business on coming future.
18
Special Thanks
to
F Khan, F Youssef, N Smith, A Myatt, M Simms
19