Bulletin 3rd Edition..
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Bulletin 3rd Edition..
Highlights Issue No. 3/2015 http://fkee.uthm.edu.my/waras WIRELESS AND RADIO SCIENCE CENTRE “Exploring Global Ideas” Contents Page Message from Head of Centre 2 Organization of WARAS 3 Achievements 4 Activities 5 Special Article 10 Research 14 Copyright 2015 by WARAS Editorial TEAM Advisors: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail Chief Editor: Dr. Nor Shahida Mohd Shah Editorial Members: Hairul Nizam Tukimin Dr. Noorsaliza Abdullah 1 WARAS Highlights Issue No. 3/2015 Message from the Head of Centre It is my great pleasure to congratulate the editorial team of the bulletin of Wireless and Radio Science Centre (WARAS) for successfully publishing the third issue of WARAS Highlights. As an active research centre at Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, WARAS has been actively involved in diversified research and innovation activities focusing on wireless communications and radio science research projects. In line with the call of the Ministry of Higher Education of Malaysia on the importance of conducting multi-disciplinary research, WARAS has taken a proactive approach through the participation of local and international researchers from relevant disciplines to join us in making substantial contributions. The involvement of WARAS research fellows at diverse range of national and international activities provided in this bulletin is one of the key strategies in order to enhance significant linkages with research institutions and industries for promoting a vibrant research culture. Thank you. With Wisdom, We Explore Associate Professor Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail Head of Wireless and Radio Science Centre (WARAS) Faculty of Electrical & Electronic Engineering Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Copyright 2015 by WARAS 2 WARAS Highlights Issue No. 3/2015 ORGANIZATION OF WARAS Associate Professor Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail Head of WARAS Centre Technical Division Hairul Nizam Tukimin (Ass. Engineer) Abdul Hamid Sabran (Ass. Engineer) Research Fellow Postgraduate Section Internal Muhammad Inam Abassi Noor Hafizah Sulaiman Muhammad Hashim Mir Khan Dahri Arslan Kiyani Wan Nor Zaihasra Wan Saleh Prof. Ir. Dr. Zainal Abidin Ahmad Prof. Hj. Ayob Johari Prof. Dr. Maizam Alias Assoc. Prof. Dr. Jiwa Abdullah Assoc.Prof. Dr. Kavikumar Jacob Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mohammad Mahadi Abd Jamil Dr. Fauziahanim Che Seman Fauzi Mohd Johar Dr. Mariyam Jamilah Homam Wadhah Abdo Mohammed alAshwal D. Khairun Nidzam Ramli Norazila Mohd Saleh Noor Syazana Arshad Prof. Ir. Dr. Ahmad Faizal Ahmad (UMP) Prof. Dr. Norbahiah Misran (ANGKASA UKM) Prof. Dr. Muhammad Amin (SUPARCO, Pakistan) Dr. Achmad Munir (ITB, Indonesia) Prof. Shabunin Sergey (Ural Federal University,Rusia) Dr. Karthigesu Nagarajoo Dr. Noorsaliza Abdullah Dr. Nor Shahida Mohd Shah Mr. Mohd. Hakimi Zohari Siti Hafizah Yusop Mr. Shipun Anuar Hamzah Ijaz Khan Pn. Sharifah Saon Hadi Abdullah Pn Nurulhuda Ismail Abdirahman Pn. Elfarizanis Baharudin Mohamud Shire External Hannes Masandig Copyright 2015 by WARAS 3 WARAS Highlights Issue No. 3/2015 ACTIVITIES 4th PUBLICATION AWARD UTHM 2014 The 4th Publication Award 2014 was held on 4th November 2014 at Banquet Hall Sultan Ibrahim, UTHM. The award was aimed at recognizing researchers who have successfully shown an excellent performance on publications from 2012 to 2013. The Head of RF and Reconfigurable Antenna Design Cluster of WARAS received two awards; Young Publication Award and Best Book Award (Science Technology Engineering). The awards were presented by the Vice Chancellor of UTHM, Prof. Dato' Dr. Mohd Noh Dalimin and the Deputy ViceChancellor (Research and Innovation) UTHM, Prof. Dr. Wahid Razzaly. Congratulations. Excellence Award of Research and Innovation UTHM WARAS Centre is among the most active Research Centres in UTHM. Based on the research performance and achievements in research and innovation activities from 2012 to 2013, Head of Radio Frequency & Antenna Design Cluster under is also Head of WARAS Centre, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail has been awarded a Special Incentive Vice Chancellor Award UTHM and University Incentive Award UTHM at Research and Innovation Excellence Awards in Research and Innovation 2014 which was held on 3rd November 2014. Copyright 2015 by WARAS 4 WARAS Highlights Issue No. 3/2015 ACTIVITIES UTHM – Industry Open Day 2014 On August 20, 2014, WARAS Centre was invited as an exhibitor at UTHM – Industry Open Day 2014 which was held at Dewan Tunku Mahkota Ismail (DTMI). Datuk Dr. Mohd Azhar Hj. Yahaya, Deputy Chief Secretary of Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) accompanied by Vice Chancellor of UTHM, Prof. Dato' Dr. Mohd Noh Dalimin visited WARAS booth and appreciate the great achievements of WARAS research team. Invited Scientist at Ural Federal University, Russia A research fellow from Radio Frequency and Reconfigurable Antenna Design cluster of Wireless and Radio Science Centre, Associate Professor Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail received an international recognition as Invited Scientist by Institute of Radio Electronics, Ural Federal University (UrFU) in Ekaterinburg, Russia. The collaboration between WARAS UTHM and UrFU began in 2013 through series of continuous discussions headed by Professor Dr. Shabunin Sergey from UrFU and Associate Prof. Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail of WARAS UTHM. During the official program which started on 17th May 2014 in Ekaterinburg, several workshops on Reconfigurable Antennas had been organized involving researchers from Institute of Radioelectronics UrFU. In line with the mission of WARAS Centre in exploring global partners, some collaborative research projects between WARAS UTHM and UrFU Russia have been identified which could benefit both the institutions. On the last day of the programs, Associate Professor Dr. Muhammad Yusof was brought to a courtesy visit to meet the Vice Chancellor of Ural Federal University, Professor Knyasev Sergey. Copyright 2015 by WARAS 5 WARAS Highlights Issue No. 3/2015 ACTIVITIES Special Excellent Award of Research and Innovation UTHM In conjunction with the official visit of Education Minister (II), Y.A.B Dato' Idris Jusoh to Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) on 22nd February 2014, the Head of RF & Reconfigurable Antenna Design Cluster, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail has been awarded a Special Excellent Award in Research and Innovation based on his achievements in 2013. The award was presented by the Education Minister (II), Y.A.B Dato' Idris Jusoh. The Education Minister (II) then visited WARAS booth where he was briefly explained on research projects carried out at WARAS Centre. Visit by Professor Shabunin Sergey from Ural Federal University Rusia On 12nd February 2014, for the first time WARAS received a visiting professor from Ural Federal University, Russia, Professor Shabunin Sergey. In the short visit, Professor Shabunin Sergey was brought to a courtesy visit to meet the Vice-Chancellor of UTHM, Prof. Dato'. Dr. Mohd Noh Dalimin. Head of Centre, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail gave a brief explanation about key research clusters and current research projects of WARAS. Some collaborative research projects between WARAS and Ural Federal University, Russia were also discussed during the visit. Copyright 2015 by WARAS 6 WARAS Highlights Issue No. 3/2015 ACTIVITIES Seoul International Invention Fair (SIIH 2013), South Korea WARAS participated at 2013 Seoul International Invention Fair (SIIF 2013) which was held from 29th November to 3rd December 2013 at COEX Hall, Gangnam Gu Korea. In a competition involving more than 700 participants comprising 32 countries, a product represented by a group of researchers headed by Assoc. Prof Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail entitled "Frequency Selective Reflector for Radio Communications" funded by Prototype Research Grant Schedule (PRGS) was awarded a Semi Grand Prize Award which is the second highest award in the innovation competition. Memorandum of Understanding signing ceremony between UTHM and Institute of Space Technology (IST), Islamabad, August 30, 2013 - A special event of Memorandum of Understanding signing ceremony between Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) and Institute of Space Technology (IST), Islamabad, Pakistan was organized at the Banquet Hall Tunku Tun Aminah Library, UTHM. The program started with a courtesy visit of IST delegation led by the Vice Chancellor of IST, Brig. Gen. Prof. Engr. Imran Rahman to the Office of the Vice Chancellor of UTHM. In the keynote address, the Vice Chancellor of UTHM, Prof. Dato' Dr. Mohd Noh Dalimin welcomed IST delegation to UTHM and believed that research collaboration between Wireless and Radio Science Centre (WARAS), UTHM and IST, Islamabad could be further enhanced in the future. Copyright 2015 by WARAS 7 WARAS Highlights Issue No. 3/2015 ACTIVITIES Officicial Visit by Prof. Dr. Muhammad Amin, SUPARCO, Pakistan On 1st July 2013, WARAS received a visit by Prof. Dr. Muhammad Amin from Space and Upper Research Commission (SUPARCO), Pakistan. A brief meeting with WARAS Research Fellows and Dean of the Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Prof. Ir. Dr. Zainal Abidin Ahmad was held on the first day of the visit. Some potential projects were discussed with all WARAS Research Fellows during the meeting. On the second day, Professor. Dr. Muhammad Amin, was brought to a courtesy visit to meet the Vice-Chancellor of UTHM, Prof. Dato'. Dr. Mohd Noh Dalimin. WARAS Postgraduate Seminar In order to enhance the quality of research projects carried out at WARAS Centre a Seminar on Postgraduate Research was held on 3rd July 2013. During the program, all WARAS postgraduate students presented their research progress in front of the visiting Professor of SUPARCO, Prof. Dr. Muhammad Amin and Head of WARAS, Assoc. Prof. Dr Muhammad Yusof Ismail and other WARAS Research Fellows. Prof. Amin appreciated the research work carried out at WARAS and gave fruitful suggestions for the improvement and progress of the research projects. Prof. Amin also shared his experience during his postgraduate studies and a motivational talk for further improvement and enhancement of WARAS research activities. Copyright 2015 by WARAS 8 WARAS Highlights Issue No. 3/2015 ACTIVITIES Distinguished Lecture Series of WARAS WARAS had organized a distinguished Lecture Series in conjunction with Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) ceremony between WARAS Centre and Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad on 1st July 2013. An invited speaker from Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO), Prof. Dr. Muhammad Amin presented a topic entitled “An Overview of Satellite Communications on The Move (COTM) Systems and its Development at SUPARCO”. International Invention Innovation and Technology Exhibition (ITEX 13) Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre (KLCC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia A team of WARAS researchers from Radio Frequency & Reconfigurable Antenna Design cluster headed by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail participated at the 24th International, Invention, Innovation and Technology Exhibition (ITEX'13) which was held from 9 th - 11th May 2013 at KLCC, Kuala Lumpur. WARAS team successfully exhibited two research products in the exhibition and was awarded with 2 gold medals. 1) Frequency Selective Reflector for Radio Communications. 2) Miniaturized Broadband Paper Based Substrate Antenna for Automotive Systems. Copyright 2015 by WARAS 9 WARAS Highlights Issue No. 3/2015 ACHIEVEMENTS NO 1 2 NAME OF EVENT Special Excellence Award of Research and Innovation UTHM 2013 Seoul International Invention Fair (SIIF 2013) PECIPTA 2013 3 AWARDS RECIPIENT Special Excellence Award of Research and Innovation UTHM Associate Profesor Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail Miniaturized Dual Frequency Planar Antenna for Radio Systems 1. Grand Prize Award 2. Gold Medal Miniaturized Broadband Paper Based Substrate Antenna for Automotive Systems - 4 5 Research and Innovation Festival 2014 UTHM Excellence Award of Research and Innovation UTHM Special Excellence Award of Research and Innovation UTHM Associate Profesor Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail 1. Special Incentive Vice Chancellor Award UTHM 2. University Incentive Award UTHM Associate Profesor Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail Best Book Award UTHM Scopus Indexed Publication (Document) 4th Publication Award UTHM 2014 UTHM Scopus Indexed Publication (Citation) UTHM Scopus Indexed Publication (H-Index) Award Copyright 2015 by WARAS Associate Profesor Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail Silver Medal Young Publication Award 6 Associate Profesor Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail Associate Profesor Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail Associate Profesor Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail Associate Profesor Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail Associate Profesor Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail Associate Profesor Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail Prof. Dr. Maizam Alias Assoc. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Mahadi Abdul Jamil Dr. Fauziahanim Che Seman 10 11 WARAS Highlights Issue No. 3/2015 SPECIAL ARTICLE Half Turn Half Wavelength Wide Axial Ratio Beamwidth Quadrifilar Helix Antenna for Satellite Application Prof. Dr. Muhammad Amin (Associate Research Fellow of WARAS Centre) Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad Professor Muhammad Amin is a visiting professor of Wireless and Radio Science Centre (WARAS) Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM). On 1st July 2013, he was invited to delivere a distinguished lecture series at WARAS Centre. The work presented in this article has been done in collaboration with WARAS Centre. I. INTRODUCTION Abstract- In this paper, it has been shown that the Axial Ratio (AR) beamwidth of conventional Quadrifilar Helix Antenna (QHA) can be improved by breaking the four monofilars of QHA at the centre where current is minimum and adding radial stubs on both sides which provide the reactive coupling between the two ends. The AR beamwidth (AR ≤ 3 dB) varies from 118o to 223o as the length of the radial stubs is increased from 3 mm to 13 mm in all monofilars, keeping the front to back ratio (F/B) greater than or equal to 10 dB. The optimum value of AR beamwidth (AR ≤ 3 dB) of 223o is achieved when the radial stub length is 7 mm. The gain, 3-dB gain beamwidth, bandwidth for VSWR ≤ 2 (with reference to the resonant input impedance) and F/B are 5.52 dB, 118 o, 40 MHz and 16.7 dB respectively at the resonant frequency of 2460 MHz. Simultaneously, the configuration achieved a reduction in size of 24%. Index Terms- Quadrifilar Helix Antenna (QHA); Circular Polarization (CP); Axial Ratio (AR); Half Power Beamwidth (HPBW); Axial Ratio Beamwidth Copyright 2015 by WARAS Quadrifilar helix antennas (QHAs) are widely used in space and land applications because of its many attractive features such as compactness, light weight, low profile, sufficient gain, good circularity, wide 3 dB gain beamwidth and polarization & radiation pattern reconfigurability [1]–[8]. It is also one of the antennas used for small satellite platforms / satellite ground receivers for applications such as personal communication networks via satellite on handheld receivers [9], future Land Mobile satellite (LMS) communication systems using satellite MIMO [10], [11], GPS receivers [5], [12]–[15], in Pico satellite [16] and small satellite platforms [17] as telemetry, tracking and command (TT&C) / communication payload antenna [18]. QHA is also suitable for satellite Digital Audio Broadcast (DAB) applications like Sirius XM satellite radio [19]. In Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites, onboard antennas use circular polarization [5] owing to the continuous change in the direction between satellite and ground receiving antenna that would in case of linear polarization require polarization adjustment. . In case of LEO satellites, angle between the transmitting and receiving antennas changes significantly over a single pass window. QHA, with wide gain beamwidth ensures sufficient received power power without introducing polarization losses, if the usable gain beamwidth falls within the AR beamwidth. 11 WARAS Highlights Issue No. 3/2015 SPECIAL ARTICLE However if the later is narrower than the former, polarization loss would introduce additional decrease in gain within the usable gain beamwidth. Therefore wide AR beamwidth antennas are important for onboard use of LEO/MEO satellites and satellite ground receivers, especially at low elevation angles where normally AR deteriorates quickly. A good axial ratio in one hand of CP (e.g. RHCP) also provides better isolation from the other (i.e. LHCP). This may give reliability if polarization is used as one of the modulation parameters. Many improvements with respect to bandwidth (dual band operation) [20], [21], size reduction [2], [21], [22], dual mode [6], [12], [21], [23] and self phasing [24] were made. However, no significant work has been reported on improvement in AR beamwidth of QHA. It has been shown in various works previously reported that the performance characteristics of QHA can be improved by modifying the geometrical / physical parameters of the antenna [2], [6], [21], [25]. In this paper a modification has been made to the conventional half-turn QHA design to achieve 3 dB AR beamwidth ranging from 118o to 223 o with good gain and front to back ratio (F/B). In normal mode of operation of a half turn, half wavelength QHA, current distribution on any of the two bifilars is such that the current null is formed at the centre of the helical sections. Therefore, helical sections (in form of stub lengths) have been incorporated in all the volutes of the QHA where minimum current occurs to improve the AR as shown in [Fig.1]. This change would adjust the ratio of vertical to horizontal electric field. By altering the radial stub length, [Fig.2] a parametric study of QHA’s various characteristics such as gain, F/B, 3 dB gain beamwidth, ARBW, AR at 3 dB gain beamwidth points, frequency and VSWR were carried out and optimum value of radial stub length that gives improved AR / AR beamwidth was selected for the final antenna model. Fig. 2. Current distribution on QHA. (a) Conventional QHA. (b) QHA variant with axial and radial gap. (c) Current distribution comparison of CQHA and QHA variant. II. DESIGN AND SIMULATION In CP, AR depends on the ratio of vertical to horizontal Efield magnitudes and the phase difference between the two, which for 0 dB AR should be 1 and 90 o respectively. In bifeed network, therefore, a 3 dB 90 o hybrid is used that provides equal voltage at the two feeds with 90o phase difference. However due to radiation pattern (RP) characteristics, the radiated fields of horizontal and vertical polarization are not of same magnitude in all directions, which results in deviation of AR from ideal value of 0 dB. (The phase difference between the two fields is adequately maintained, which is at the output of the 3 dB hybrid). In normal mode of operation of a half turn and half wavelength QHA, current distribution as shown in [Fig.2] on any of the two bifilars is such that a current null is formed at the centre of the helical sections and the current maxima occurs at the centre of the radial sections of the bifilar loop [2]. The vertical to horizontal field ratio of conventional QHA with or without gap shows that horizontal field is lesser in magnitude as one moves away from the boresight. It is expected that the AR would improve if the decrease in Hfield is compensated by adding horizontal current elements. For this, a gap is introduced at the current minima points of the four helical sections which divide the conventional QHA structure (as shown in [Fig.2]) into two halves at the middle along the axial direction. Simulations were carried out using Numerical Electromagnetic Code (NEC) [26] tool to know the optimum axial and radial gap before adding stubs with helical sections at the centre along the circumference of the helix. Fig. 1. Modified QHA schematic Copyright 2015 by WARAS 12 WARAS Highlights Issue No. 3/2015 SPECIAL ARTICLE Fig. 6. Axial Ratio plots of QHA variants at different stub lengths Fig. 3. Effects of radial gap on radiation characteristics of QHA The results are shown in [Fig.3] [Fig.4] [Fig.5]. It is evident from the parametric study shown in [Fig.4] that gain, F/B and AR beamwidth have reduced significantly as the axial gap is increased between the two halves of the QHA. This happens due to the decrease in mutual coupling among the two halves of QHA as energy in horizontal field spreads and the radiation pattern goes omnidirectional reducing AR beamwidth, gain and F/B as the 3 dB gain beamwidth increases. Fig. 4. Effects of axial gap on radiation characteristics of QHA However, radiation characteristics of the QHA have not changed much with the introduction of radial gap except few variations in some of the parameters which show the increase in 3 dB gain beamwidth at the expense of improved F/B and decreased AR beamwidth as the gap was increased between the two halves of the QHA as shown in [Fig.3]. An axial and radial gap of 2.4 mm and 14o were finally selected by considering above observations. Now circumferential stubs are added at the current minima points to see whether it improves the ratio of vertical to horizontal electric fields and hence the AR. A parametric study is carried out to observe the effects of stub length on various parameters of the antenna with the objective to improve the AR while keeping other characteristics of the antenna such as gain, 3 dB beamwidth and F/B ratio within adequate range. The results are shown for various stub lengths (SL) in [Fig.6] [Fig.7] [Fig.8]. Fig. 5. Effects of radial and axial gap on resonant frequency and VSWR of QHA variants. Copyright 2015 by WARAS 13 WARAS Highlights Issue No. 3/2015 SPECIAL ARTICLE Introduction of circumferential (radial) stubs in the QHA have influenced greatly on the AR beamwidth as shown in [Fig.7]. The 3 dB AR beamwidth varied from 118 o to 223o as the length of the radial stubs is increased from 0 mm to 10 mm in all monofilars as shown in [Fig.7], keeping the front to back ratio Fig. 8. Effects of different stub lengths on resonant frequency and VSWR of the modified QHA variants Simultaneously, this configuration of QHA achieved a reduction in size of approximately 24 percent (Resonant frequency reduces to 2460 MHz from 3240 MHz) when compared to conventional QHA as frequency has decreased with the addition of the stub length . Fig. 7. Effects of different stub lengths on radiation characteristics of QHA. In this paper, we have demonstrated that a significant increase in the axial ratio beamwidth (223 o) of a QHA can be achieved by folding the helix in the region where the current amplitude is at its minimum. This simple technique is suitable for LEO/MEO satellites and hand held receivers for better and wide angular or lower elevation angles reception of the circularly polarized signals. Furthermore, this antenna configuration achieved reduction in size of approximately 24%. An official signing ceremony of Memorandum of Understanding between Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) and Institute of Space Technology (IST), Islamabad was held on 30 th August 2013 at Banquet Hall Tunku Tun Aminah Library UTHM. Since the official MoU ceremony, researchers from both the institutions have been working collaboratively on Wireless Communications and Antenna Technology. Copyright 2015 by WARAS 14 WARAS Highlights Issue No. 3/2015 WARAS RESEARCH CLUSTERS RADIO FREQUENCY & RECONFIGURABLE ANTENNA DESIGN Leader MICROWAVE DEVICES AND FREQUENCY SELECTIVE SURFACES Assoc. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail Dr. Fauziahanim Che Seman Leader Prof. Ayob Johari Members Members Dr. Nor Shahida Mohd Shah Prof. Ir. Dr. Zainal Abidin Ahmad Elfarizanis Baharudin Shipun Anuar Hamzah MOBILE AND WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS Assoc. Prof. Dr. Jiwa Leader Abdullah Dr. Noorsaliza Abdulah Members SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH CLUSTERS Leader Dr. Khairun Nidzam Ramli Members Dr. Kavikumar Jacob Mohd Hakimi Zohari Sharifah Saon MULTI-DISCIPLINARY RESEARCH Leader RADIO SCIENCE Dr. Nor Shahida Mohd Shah Leader Prof. Dr. Maizam Alias Members P. M. Dr. Muhammad Mahadi Abdul Jamil Members P. M. Dr Zawati Harun Dr. Mariyam Jamilah Homam Dr. Mohd Hezri Mohd Lwi@Mokhtar Dr. Karthigesu A/L Nagarajoo Abul Khair Anuar Research Projects In line with the focused research areas of WARAS, a number of research grants have been granted from various agencies which enable research activities to be carried out efficiently. Ongoing research grants are as follows: No Vot 1 1119 2 1233 3 U102 4 1323 Title Integrated Antenna Technology for Automotive Systems. Leader: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail (Collaboration with ANGKASA, UKM) Characterisation of Ionospheric Propagation at the Equatorial and Polar Regions Leader: Dr. Mariyam Jamilah Homam Polarization-Independent Multi-Channel Regeneration Based On FiberOptic Parametric Amplifier Leader: Dr. Nor Shahida Mohd Shah Multi-band Characterizable Graphite Based Antenna With Low Cross Polarization Performance For Radio Astronomy Systems Leader: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Yusof Ismail Copyright 2015 by WARAS Source RACE FRGS RSGS MDR 15 No Vot 5 U103 6 1437 7 1432 8 1449 Title Investigation of Dielectric Behaviors of Ananas Comosus for Ripeness Assessment using Non-invasive Technique Leader: Dr. Fauziahanim Che Seman Multi-channel Phase Shift Keying Signal Regeneration Based On Fiber-Optic Parametric Amplifier Leader: Dr. Nor Shahida Mohd Shah The Effect Of Culture-based Multi-modal Mind Games Immersion On The Social Interaction Skills Of Autistic Children Leader: Prof. Dr. Maizam Alias Understanding The Mediation And Moderation Roles Of Affects In The Intefrated Affective-cognitive Learning Approach And Academic Achievement Relationship Leader: Prof. Dr. Maizam Alias Source RSGS RACE FRGS ERGS CONGRATULATIONS !!! Congratulations to Hairul Nizam Tukimin and Dr. Nor Shahida Mohd Shah on the arrival of your little angel. May your new born angel live a long and happy life. Congratulations! Copyright 2015 by WARAS 16
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