Past Perfect Past Perfect Continuous

Past
Perfect
Past
Perfect
Continuous
1. The Past Perfect.
FORM
I / You / He / She / It / We / You / They
HAD + PAST PARTICIPLE
USE
1. We use the Past Perfect to talk about actions that happened
BEFORE other actions in the past.
2. A habit.
3. A permanent job.
4. Verbs expressing a feeling or verbs expressing a state .
Before he (2) went to visit his grandmother, he (1) had bought her
some flowers.
PAST
PRESENT
________________________________________________________________
(1) had bought
Past Perfect
(2) went
Simple Past
Examples for the use of the Past Perfect:
1. Action before another action in the past.
- There were reporters everywhere. Someone had informed the press.
- Before he went home, he had driven around for hours. He had collected the news first.
Then he wrote the article.
- She had already finished when he came to help her.
2. A habit.
- He had collected stamps all his life. (but he stopped somewhere in the past)
- He had always used to trust the people around him.
- He had regularly checked up on her but she ran away anyway.
Past
Perfect
/
Past
Perfect
Continuous
1
3. A permanent job.
- He had been an office clerk for years but suddenly, he won the lottery and quit.
- In the records we found that he had been a paramedic in Glenoak Hospital.
(but he stopped at some point in the past)
- He had been a reporter a couple of months prior to his film debut.
4. Verbs expressing a feeling or a state.
- He had felt very queer that day and he passed out some time after that.
- He had remembered more than they had hoped. He fully recovered.
2. The Past Perfect Continuous.
FORM
I / You / He / She / It / We / You / They
HAD BEEN + ING-FORM
USE
We use the Past Perfect Continuous to talk about actions that
had been happening BEFORE other actions in the past. We put
the STRESS ON THE DURATION of the actions.
Examples for the use of the Past Perfect Continuous:
-
The police had been interrogating the other guests for two hours.
They had been waiting for him for fifteen minutes before they decided to leave.
They had been shopping all afternoon.
He hadn't been smoking since last month but he relapsed.
How long had he been driving before he arrived at the hotel?
Past
Perfect
/
Past
Perfect
Continuous
2
Exercise 1:
Put the frames of this Garfield cartoon in the correct order. Now go back in time
with your description. e.g. Garfield had put on his pyjamas before he went to bed.
Before he caught the spider, Garfield (+ past perfect)…………………………………………..……………
Before………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Before………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Before………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Before………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Before………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Before………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Useful vocabulary:
-
to
to
to
to
to
to
catch
roll
blow
bounce off
shoot (into)
answer the door
- a fly screen
- the front door
Past
Perfect
/
Past
Perfect
Continuous
3
Exercise 2: Before she/he became famous...
List at least three things these people had done before they became famous.
Use the Past Perfect.
TEXT A
Rihanna was born in a parish in Barbados called St. Michael. She
lived the life of a normal island girl going to Combermere, a top
sixth form school. Rihanna won numerous beauty pageants and
performed Mariah Carey's "Hero" in a school talent show. Her life
changed forever when one of her friends introduced her to Evan
Rodgers, a producer from New York who was in Barbados for a
vacation with his wife, who is a native. Rodgers arranged for her to
go to New York to meet Jay-Z, CEO of Def Jam Records. He heard
her sing and knew she was going to be incredibly successful. She
was 16 when she was signed to Def Jam. Since then, she's
amassed phenomenal success.
Before Rihanna was famous she …………………………………………………………………………………………,
she ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… and
she …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
TEXT B
Bruno Mars was born Peter Gene Hernandez on October 8,
1985, in Honolulu, Hawaii, and was raised in the Waikiki
neighborhood of Honolulu. Mars is one of six children and
came from a musical family who exposed him to a diverse
mix of reggae, rock, hip hop, and R&B at age four, Mars
began performing five days a week with his family's band,
The Love Notes, in which he became known on the island
for his impersonation of Presley. In 1990, Mars was
featured in Mid Week as "Little Elvis", going on to have a
cameo in the film "Honeymoon in Vegas" in 1992.
His time spent impersonating Presley had a major impact on Mars' musical evolution and
performing techniques. He later began playing the guitar after drawing inspiration from
Jimi Hendrix. In 2003, shortly after graduating from President Theodore Roosevelt High
School at the age of 17, Mars moved to Los Angeles, California, to pursue a musical
career. He adopted his stage name from the nickname his father gave him, adding
"Mars" at the end because "I felt like I didn't have [any] pizzazz, and a lot of girls say I’m
out of this world, so I was like I guess I'm from Mars.”
Before Bruno Mars was famous he ………………………………………………………………………………………,
he …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… and
he ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Past
Perfect
/
Past
Perfect
Continuous
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Exercise 3:
Past
Perfect
/
Past
Perfect
Continuous
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Exercise 4:
Past
Perfect
/
Past
Perfect
Continuous
6
Exercise 5:
Past
Perfect
/
Past
Perfect
Continuous
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Exercise 6. Fill in: Present/Past Perfect Simple/Continuous:
1.
We ……………………………………… (to meet - only) yesterday, I ………………………………………
(to have - not yet) the chance to get to know him.
2.
The lawyer ……………………………………… (to ask) him several times, but he always
denied that he ……………………………………… (to kill) the victim with murderous intent.
3.
She ……………………………………………………………… (to propose) him to take marriage
counseling on numerous occasions but he wouldn't hear of it until his wife ran away
with her massage therapist.
4.
Until
he
finally
wrote
her
a
love
letter,
she
……………………………………………………………………… (to hope - secretly) that he would fall
for her charms one day for a long time.
5.
What ………………………………………………………………… (she - to do) this summer? She
…………………………………………………………… (to sail) around the world for a couple of
months.
6.
When he rang the doorbell, she ……………………………………… (to change - already) her
clothes and ……………………………………… (to put) diner in the oven.
7.
What ……………………………………… (to do) this week? I …………………………………………………
(to travel) to London twice for an exclusive interview with the press.
8.
I
…………………………………………………
(to
play)
the
flute
for
ages
but
lately
I
………………………………………………… (to try - also) playing the clarinet.
9.
Had
she
been
more
open
about
the
matter,
the
police
officer
wouldn't
………………………………………………… (to interrogate) her so harshly for several hours.
10.
She ………………………………………………… (to be) on a break all afternoon and evening at
the hospital since the nurse that was scheduled took to be ill.
Past
Perfect
/
Past
Perfect
Continuous
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11.
The
army
…………………………………………………
(to
teach)
me
that
no
war
………………………………………………… ( to fight - ever) in a fair way.
12.
Before she took a break from work, she ………………………………………………… (to handle)
about twenty clients a day.
13.
All this time I ………………………………………………… (to believe - really) that she
………………………………………………… (to follow) Spanish courses after school.
14.
Before he moved to New York he ………………………………………………… (to work) as a
reporter for local affairs.
15.
Ever since the police ………………………………………………… (to capture) that criminal, they
………………………………………………… (to be) hassled by the press.
16.
She ………………………………………………… (to prove) a difficult child all through secondary
school. She ………………………………………………… (to bug) the teachers all the time.
17.
He …………………………………………………………… (to help) her out on numerous occasions.
He …………………………………………………………… (to babysit) her children for hours when
she was out running errands.
18.
He ………………………………………………… (to feel - always) the need to be faithful to her,
before he found out she was having an affair with his neighbour.
19.
He
…………………………………………………
(to
ring)
the
police
nine
times
and
he
………………………………………………… (to warn) the neighbours as well.
20.
When she finally got to the airport, the plane ……………………………………………………………
(to leave -already).
Past
Perfect
/
Past
Perfect
Continuous
9
Exercise 7a. Translate: Present/ Past Perfect Simple/ Continuous:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
1.
Voor de eerste keer heeft ze het tornooi gewonnen.
Ze had gevreesd dat ze geen kans maakte, maar toch werd ze geselecteerd voor
het Eurosongfestival.
Ze werkt nu al twee uren aan die taak.
Hij heeft vandaag 10 cd's gekocht.
He had nog geen twee minuten in de brochure gekeken of hij begon zich al te
vervelen.
Hij was zo lang aan het werk geweest dat hij de ochtendzon kon zien opkomen over
Manhattan.
Ze heeft vandaag een reis naar Thailand geboekt.
Hij rijdt paard sinds hij 8 jaar was.
Ik heb een miljoen dingen te doen gehad sinds ik die nieuwe job aanvaard heb.
Hij zit al de hele dag voor de televisie.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Past
Perfect
/
Past
Perfect
Continuous
10
Exercise 7b. Translate: Use Present/Past Perfect Simple/ Cont.:
11.
12.
13.
20.
Ik heb hem niet meer gezien sinds ik verhuisd ben.
Ben je ooit bij hem op bezoek geweest?
Hij had zijn hele leven met succes op de beurs gespeeld tot Wall Street plots
crashte en hij bankroet was.
Hoe lang is hij nu al gescheiden van zijn vrouw?
Na zijn dood werd bekend dat hij een geheim dagboek had bijgehouden waarin hij
zijn naziactiviteiten bijhield.
Ze had zich pas herinnerd dat ze ooit nog met Herman De Coninck in klas had
gezeten, toen ze haar klasfoto terugvond onder het stof.
Ze is deze week al drie keer naar Antwerpen gegaan.
Hij oefent nu al maandenlang voor Het Groot Nederlands Dictee.
Toen hij vijftien jaar voor de maatschappij had gewerkt, kreeg hij er genoeg van en
hij begon een carrière als romanschrijver.
Toen hij er vijftig werd, had hij al dertig jaar lang gewerkt.
11.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
12.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
13.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
14.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
15.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
16.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
17.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
18.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
19.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
20.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Past
Perfect
/
Past
Perfect
Continuous
11
Exercise 8:
Past
Perfect
/
Past
Perfect
Continuous
12