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THE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG
LIBRARIES
This book was received
in accordance with the Books
Registration Ordinance
Section 4
RAINFALL AND LANDSLIDES
IN 1986
GEO REPORT No. 3
J. Premchitt
BOOKS REGSST ^ n ) i R
Owp:a !42
bar^ HT^5_5 Ojl 7 [CT
This report was originally produced as GCO Special Project Report No. SPR 1/87
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© Hong Kong Government
First published, September 1991
First Reprint, September 1994
Second Reprint, April 1995
Prepared by:
Geotechnical Engineering Office,
Civil Engineering Department,
Civil Engineering Building,
101 Princess Margaret Road,
Homantin, Kowloon,
Hong Kong.
This publication is available from:
Government Publications Centre,
Ground Floor, Low Block,
Queensway Government Offices,
66 Queensway,
Hong Kong.
Overseas orders should b^ placed with:
Publications (Sales) Office,
Information Services Department,
28th Floor, Siu On Centre,
188 Lockhart Road, Wan Chai,
Hong Kong.
Price in Hong Kong: HKS126
Price overseas: US$20 (including surface postage)
An additional bank charge of HKS50 or US$6.50 is required per cheque made in currencies
other than Hong Kong dollars.
Cheques, bank drafts or money orders
must be made payable to HONG KONG GOVERNMENT
- 3 -
PREFACE
In keeping with our policy of releasing information of
general technical interest, we make available some of our internal
reports in a series of publications termed the GEO Report series.
The reports in this series, of which this is one, are selected from a
wide range of reports produced by the staff of the Office and our
consultants.
Copies of GEO Reports have previously been made
available free of charge in limited numbers. The demand for the
reports in this series has increased greatly, necessitating new
arrangements for supply. In future 2 charge will be made to cover
the cost of printing.
The Geotechnical Engineering Office also publishes
guidance documents and presents the results of research work of
general interest in GEO Publications. These publications and the
GEO Reports are disseminated through the Government's
Information Services Department. Information on how to purchase
them is given on the last page of this report.
A. W. Malone
Principal Government Geotechnical Engineer
April 1995
FOREWORD
This report presents a general review of
rainfall and landslides in 1986.. Gfeotechnical
Engineers of GOO District Divisions provided
details of the notable landslides. Supplementary
landslide data were provided by the Agriculture
and Fisheries Department, Fire Services Department,
Highways Office, Housing Department and Water
Supplies Department. The Royal Observatory
provided rainfall information. All contributions
are gratefully acknowledged. Dr. J. Premchitt
prepared this report.
(j.B* Massey)
Chief Geotechnical Engineer/Special Projects
CONTENTS
Page
No.
Title Page
1
PREFACE
3
FOREWORD
4
CONTENTS
5
1.
INTRODUCTION
7
2.
RAINFALL
7
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
3.
The Raingauge System
Royal Observatory Records
Geotechnical Control Office Records
Rainfall Distribution
Warnings Issued by the Royal Observatory
Comparison with Past Rainstorms
LANDSLIDES
3.1 Landslide Occurrence in 1986
3.2 Areas Affected by Incidents
3.2.1 Squatter Areas
3-2.2 Buildings
3.2.3 Roads and Access
3-2.4 Construction Sites
3.2.5 Catchwaters and Reservoirs
3.2.6 Country Parks and Open Areas
3.3 Types of Incidents
3.3.1 Fill Slopes
3-3.2 Cut Slopes
3.3.3 Retaining Walls
3.3.4 Natural Slopes
3.3.5 Rock and Boulder Falls
3.3.6 Other Failures
3.4 Rainfall-Landslide Relationships
4.
7
8
10
11
11
11
NOTABLE INCIDENTS
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Incident MW 3/1, Kwai Shing Circuit, Tsuen Wan
12
,
12
12
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
14
14
15
1.5
15
15
15
16
16
1.6
Page
No.
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
4.11
4.12
Incident
Incident
Incident
Incident
Incident
Incident
Incident
Incident
Incident
Incident
Tai 0,
4.13 Incident
4.14 Incident
4.15 Incident
MW 3/2, DD 434 Ko Tan, Tsing Yi
K 6/5, Sau Ming Village, Kowloon East
ME 6/2, Ma Yau long Village, Sai Kung
ME 7/4, 15 MS Tai Po Road, Sha Tin
K 7/12, Ma Wan Village, Lei Yue Mun
ME 7/8, 77 4th District, Pak Tin, Sha Tin
MW 7/1, MS 13 Route Twisk
MW 7/3, 30 Kung Yip Street, Tsuen Wan
HK 7/16, Kennedy Town Police Quarters
MW 7/1^, Lot 387 DD 302, Shek Tsai Po,
Lantau
K 8/4, Ma Wan Village, Lei Yue Mun
MW 12/2, Tai Lam Centre for Women, Tuen Mun
HK 12/1, Sir Cecil's Ride, Wong Nai Chung
16
16
17
17
17
18
18
18
18
19
19
19
19
5.
CONCLUSIONS
20
6.
REFERENCES
20
LIST OF TABLES
22
LIST OF FIGURES
30
LIST OF PLATES
41
APPENDIX A : LIST OF INCIDENTS
68
APPENDIX B : RECORDS OF GCO RAINGAUGES
87
LIST OF DRAWING
113
1* IMRODUCTIOff
This report reviews rainfall and landslide occurrence in Eon£t
throughout 1986. Rainfall information has been obtained from the
Geotechnical Control Office (GOO) automatic rainsrau#e system and from the
Royal Observatory (RO). Most of the landslide data have been taken from the
records of incidents reported to the SCO during the year* Supplementary data
have been obtained from other Government departments*
In this report, a landslide is defined as the collapse of a soil or rock
mass, and includes the failure of fill slopes, cut slopes, retaining
structures, natural slopes and rock or boulder falls- A major landslide is
defined as a failure in which the volume of the collapsed mass exceeded 50
cu m*
The GCO received a total of 233 incident reports in 1986* Of these, 197
were classified as genuine landslides and eleven of them were major. The
remaining incidents were minor -srround or structural movements* This report
will emphasize the cases of landslides reported to the GCO, since these were
inspected by the GrCO's Geotechnical Engineers and detailed information is
available.
The arrangement of this report is similar to previous rainstorm and
rainfall - landslides reports ('SCO, 1982a, 1982b; Choot, 1984 and Premchitt,
1985, 1986). The report reviews rainfall and landslide occurrence throughout
the whole one-year period rather than emphasizing apy one specific rainstorm*
This is a factual report and, apart from acknowledging that most of the
landslides were initiated by heavy rainfall, it does not attempt to explain
the mechanisms of failure nor to examine prediction of the magnitude of
landslide events. Information and interpretation on the important aspects of
landslide mechanisms and correlation between rainfall and landslides can be
found elsewhere, for example Lumb (1975), Brand et al (1984) and Premchitt et
al (1985)* It is intended, however, that the data contained in this report
may be used and interpreted by readers to further the understanding of raininduced failures*
2* RAIMFALL
2.1
The Rainffauere System
In the rusrffed terrain of Hon# Koner, rainfall distribution over different
geosrraphical areas, as well as over different time periods, can vary
dramatically during a rainstorm. f The Royal Observatory has installed 165
rainâuges at strategic locations around the Territory in order to provide
sufficient coverage for a meaningful analysis of rainfall distribution. These
rain£fau£res ran^re from a detailed automatic and instantaneous rate-of-rainfall
recorder to rain»erau£es which are read manually once a month. The "principal"
grausre is located at the Royal Observatory ' s headquarters in Tsim Sha Tsui,
and a continuous rainfall record has been made at this location since 1884*
Weather summaries and rainfall statistics are normally based on the
measurements made at this "principal" location.
Since 1978, the 'ICO, in co-operation with the RO, has installed a number
of automatic rainâuês which transmit the current rainfall data via
telephone lines to the ^COTs "Emergency Control" headquarters. Subsequent
improvements have been made and at present there are 46 &CO âwres and 21 RO
gauges in this system, which provide up-to-date rainfall data every five
minutes to the operation rooms of the SCO and RO. These data are also
stored on computer tape for future reference* The locations of these
automatic rainâuês (Figure 1) were selected to supplement the network of
other types of rainâu?e and to provide specific information in areas of
particular -steotechnical interest*
In this report, where a comparison is made for "daily" rainfalls, the
24-hour maximum rainfall will be used instead of daily rainfall, since the
latter is based on an arbitrary fixed-period of midnight to midnight which
does not necessarily represent the true rainstorm intensity. In addition,
where a rainfall amount is quoted without reference to the location of
measurement, this will be the amount measured at the RO headquarters2.2 Royal Observatory Records
The- year's weather for 1986 was summarised by the Royal Observatory in
the Monthly Weather Summary of December 1986* Their comments for the whole
year are as follows :
On the whole, the year 1986 was normal in respect of
weather conditions. In particular, the year's mean
temperature recorded at the Royal Observatoiy was the same
as the normal value of 22«8°C while the rainfall of the
year, totalling 2 338*3 mm, was only 5 percent above
normal. However, a record low temperature of 4*8 C for
the month of March was set on 1 March and hoar frost
was reported at Tai Mo Shan and Tate's Cairn on the
first two days of the month. In addition, Typhoon ¥ayne
set another record and became the first tropical cyclone
to have necessitated the hoisting of warning signals in
Eong Kong on three separate occasions, durinsr the period
19 August to 5 September. A waterspout was reported
near Tap Mun and a tornado was reported in Aberdeen on
21 August. The Gale or Storm Signal was hoisted twice
in 1986, during the approach of Typhoon Pe^sy in July
and Typhoon Wayne in August. Both typhoons caused
some damage to Horu?
The following are excerpts from the same report for the months in which
the most intense rainfalls were recorded i
a . * Thundery showers on 21 and 22 April caused landslips
in Mon# Kbfc, Lai Chi Kok and Pok Pu Lama Rainfall recorded
on these two days at the Royal Observatory amounted to
106.3 Mn, accounting for more than 90 percent of the
month's total*
... The total rainfall recorded at the Royal Observatoiy
from January to May was 615*0 mm, which was 10 per cent
above the normal amount for the same period. As an active
low pressure area approached, continuous heavy downpour
and squally thunderstorms affected Hon# Kong* on 11 May.
Over 200 mm of rainfall were recorded in Tai Lam Chun£,
Tai Mo Shan and Tai Po. The heavy downpour continued
into the morning of 12 May and there were 48 cases of
flooding and 7 landslips during the day*
On the whole, June was a normal month in respect
of temperature, cloudiness and precipitation. The
total rainfall of 415-9 *&m recorded at the Hoyal
Observatoiy was near the monthfs normal of 431.8 mm.
However, it was unevenly distributed and rainfall on
two separate days account for 58 percent of the monthf s
total i 6 June, when a trough of low pressure passed
rapidly through Hong Kong, and 25 June when a
disturbance in the southwest monsoon affected the
territory. Hairy weather continued after the downpour
of 6 June* As a result, minor flooding in Western
District and a landslip in ITgau Chi Wan were reported
on 7 June. The latter necessitated the evacuation of
26 people. The disturbance on 25 June was accompanied
by frequent squally showers. Twro people were injured
by falling billboards and one man was found missing
from a parked towboat.
July was wetter than usual. A total of 547*3 mm
of rainfall was recorded at the Royal Observatory,.*
which was 73 percent above normal. 85 percent of the
month's rainfall was associated with the rainstorm on
3 and 4 July and with Typhoon Peggy... Heavy showers
and squally thunderstorms occurred on 3 July when a
moisture-laden southwest monsoon affected the territory*
In Diamond Hill, the balcony of an old building
collapsed in the rain and 90 residents were evacuated.
Heavy and frequent thundery showers recurred the next
morning resulting in 39 cases of minor flooding and 5
landslips in various parts of Hong Kong* Typhoon
Peg#y crossed Luzon on 9 July and headed towards the
South China coast. With light winds off the land ahead
of Pegay, temperatures in Hong Kong shot up to a
maximum of 34*8°C in the afternoon of 10 July, making
the day the fourth hottest in July on record. On
11 July, the weather deteriorated rapidly under the
influence of Peggy which made landfall nearShanwei
in the afternoon. Strong to gale force winds
accompanied by widespread and frequent squally showers
battered the territory until the morning of 12 July.
During the passage of Peggy, a six year old boy was
drowned after falling overboard from his family boat
in Ap Lei Chau and 26 people were injured* There were
20 cases of landslips and 78 reports of flooding over
the territory on 12 July*
.** On 9 to 11 August, Hong Kong was affected by
squally heavy showers and thunderstorms as a tropical
depression over the South China Sea moved towards
Hainan* Over 300 mm of rainfall were recorded at Tai
Po, Sha Tau Kok and Sai Kung.
Wayne, the longest lasting tropical cyclone ever
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over the South China Sea and the Pacific, warranted
the hoisting of warning signals in Hong Kong three
times during the period 19 August to 5 September9
during which time its track was most exceptional*
• «• On 21 August, after a very hot and sunny day,
actually thunder storms developed overland and
moved southeastwards to affect Hon^r Kon£ in the
evening. A waterspout was reported near Tap Mun
and 2 fishing junks capsized killing 3 people. A
tornado was also reported in Aberdeen around the
same time* During the severe thunderstorms in the
morning of 23 August, a total of 15 people were
struck "by lightning at three separate locations
in Sai Kung and Tsuen Wan.
After crossing Taiwan, Wayne weakened to a
tropical storm and moved southwestwards back into
the South China Sea. As it headed westwards towards
Donsrsha, local signals were hoisted a second time
on 25 August but lowered the next day as Wayne then
moved southwestwards away from Hone: Eons*. Wayne
then turned northeastwards to affect the Bashi Channel
and the Philippines. It then strengthened to a
typhoSn, heading westwards a#ain to affect Son*? Kong
a third time on 4 to 5 September*
A summary of heavy rainstorms in 1986 is ''riven in Table 1* This table
shows all periods (mutually exclusive) in which 24-hour rainfall at the RO
exceeded 50 mm» It also shows the fifteen-day antecedent rainfalls which
occurred prior to the 24-hour periods. The five highest 24-hour rainfalls
are 202 mm on 3-4th July, 201 mm on 11-12th. July, 175 mm °^ 6th June, 165 mm
on 11-12th May and 123 mm on 10-11th Aufirust. Other detailed information in
Table 1 will be discussed subsequently in separate sections.
The rainfall data as recorded at the RO, Tsim Sha Tsui, are presented in
Figures 2 to 5* Cumulative rainfall since 1st January is shown in Figure 2«
Daily and monthly rainfalls are shown in Figures 3 and 4 respectively.
Fi1enare 5 shows the hourly rainfall for the five highest 24-hour rainfalls of
1986.
2*3 fleotechnical Control Office Records
Rainfall data are available from the 'SCO's 46 automatic rain*7auges.
Current rainfall data can be found in the GcO's Rainfall Data Acquisition
Centre, and past data are kept in the Civil Engineering Library. A location
map of these gauges is given in Figure 1.
In addition to the general RO rainstorm summary, data from some of the
CrCO raingauges are also given for the rainfall events in Table 1* The
maximum rainfall recorded anywhere in the Territory on these occasions are
given for three arbitrary durations of 24 hours, five hours and one hour.
The maximum 24-kour and one-hour rainfalls within the Territory during
the year were 315 nun on 11-12th July and 79 mm on 6th June respectively.
Appendix B shows hourly rainfall data obtained from
for the five heaviest rainstorms on 12th May, 6th June, 4th and 12th July,
and 11th Augusto
2*4 Rainfall Distribution
Rainfall distribution within different time periods and geographical
areas can be assessed by referring to detailed 3CO and RO records* Records
from GOO rain^rauges for the five heaviest rainstorms of 1986 are slven in
Appendix B*
Five rainfall maps, for 24~koux duration taken from RO records, are
shown in Figures 6 to 10* These include all of the five heaviest rainstorms
of the year* All of these rainstorms were discussed in the annual RO
weather summary quoted in Section 2*2. Generally, rainfall was spread out
fairly evenly over the Territory in these events* The distribution of
rainfall had an important effect on the occurrence of landslides, and this
will be disussed further in Section 3«4«
2*5 Warnings issued by the Royal Observatory
^
Relevant warnings issued by the RO, and the Landslip Warnings jointly
issued by the SCO and the RO, are summarised in Table 2*
In 1986, there were 55 Thunderstorm Warnin/srs, 13 Flood Warnings, five
Landslip Warnings and six Tropical Storm Warnings* The highest Tropical
Storm Warning Signal number raised in the year was No* 8, which was issued
on two occasions, viz* 11-1 2th July (l^phoon Pe^rgy) and 20-21 th August
(Typhoon Wayne). Most of these warnings were issued in the period from
April to September.
Landslip Warnings were issued after consultation between the SCO and the
RO on the basis of a predetermined rainfall criterion. The frequency of this
warning in 1986 was the least among the rainfall-related warnings issued by
the RO. The five warnings were issued on 11th May, 6th June, 4"tk and 12th
July and 10th August (Table 2)* A comparison of these five days with all
other notable rainfall-landslide days is shown in Table 1* On these five
days, of the total reported incidents for which time of landslide occurrence
is known accurately (Section 3»1)» 50 occurred after the warnings were issued,
and twelve occurred before the warnings were issued* Those events not shown
in Table 1 had rainfall of less than 5° mm in 24 hours, and less than five
landslides in any one day.
2*6 Comparison with Fast Rainstorms
Maximum rainfall amounts of various durations recorded at the SCO and RO
raingauges for heavy rainstorms in 1986 are shown in comparison with the
three recent major rainstorms of May arid August 1982, and June 1983 in Table
1. The highest 24r-hour rainfall at the RO in 1986 is only 50$ of tbat in the
May 1982 rainstorm. The highest one-hour rainfall recorded anywhere in 1986
is 79 mm, in comparison with more than 95 ®& for *ê "three major rainstorms •
The return periods of heavy rainstorms in 1986 were estimated and are
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shown in Table 3, for rainfall durations of one hour to fifteen days. Ho
rainstorms of very long return period occurred, "but the rainfall during
early June and early July is notable* It may be concluded that rainfall in
the year 1986 was normal except for slightly heavier short period rainfalls
(less than one day) on 6th June* The rainfall during 1984-1985 was also
considered normal in comparison with previous years* Therefore, no major
rainstorms have occurred in Hong Kon^r since the rainstorm of June 1983*. a
period of more than three yearsIn Pisrure 2, cumulative rainfall for 1986 is shown in comparison with
the average (1951-1980), the wettest year (1982) and the driest year (1963)
since records beân in 1884. The annual cumulative rainfall was close to
the average amount. 'Figure 4 shows monthly rainfalls in 1986 in comparison
with the recorded maximum "(since 1884) and mean (1951-1980 ) monthly
rainfalls. The monthly rainfall exceeded the mean values for the four
months of February, May, July and November.
3. LANDSLIDES
3*1
Landslide Occurrence in 1986
'The numbers of incidents reported to various Government departments
during 1986 are shown in Table 4* The numbers of incidents affecting
various types of area (buildin^, road etc. ) in Hon? Kon^r, Kowloon and the
New Territories are shown in Table 5* *$&& numbers of major failures are
also Driven in this table* There were eleven major landslides in 1986*
A list containing details of all 233 incidents reported to the ^CO is
provided in Appendix A* A location map for all of these incidents is shown
in Drawing Ho* GCSP 12/1. Selected incidents are illustrated in Plates 1 to
43¥herever possible, the dates and times of the landslides were
ascertained by the Seotechnical Engineers during. site inspection* Some
incidents were not reported for several days or weeks* Out of 233 incidents,
the times of occurrence were known to within one day for 187 incidents* The
dally numbers of these incidents are plotted in Fisxire 3* Of these 187
incidents, the times were ascertained further to within one hour for 81
incidents*
The highest daily number of incidents is 45 on 12th July and the next
highest is 35 on 6th June. These occasions are included in Table 1, where
the numbers of incidents reported in the newspapers and tjy the Fire Services
Department are also shown for comparison* For those events not shown in
Table 1, there were less than five incidents in ajqy single day of the year*
It is likely that there were more failures which were not known to the
OCO, including minor failures of no consequence, such as failures in remote
areas, open spaces and construction sites. This should be borne in mind in
readinsr the following? landslide statis-tics*
3*2 Areas Affected by Incidents
The numbers of incidents, as reported to Government departments, which
affected various categories of area are Driven in Table 5* It should "be
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noted that one incident may affect more than one area category. landslide
consequences, classified according to the type of failure, are shown in
Table 6.
3*2*1
Squatter Areas
A total of 119 incidents affected squatter areas. Of these, 61 occurred
in Kowloon, and most of them "were in Kowloon East region including the Lam
Tin Villages, Cheung Lun^r Tin Village, Sau On Village and Ma ¥an Village*
Four major failures affected squatter areas. They are incidents K 6/5
(Plate 9j discussed in Section 4.4), K 7/12 (Plates 14 & 15; Section 4«7),
HE 7/8 (Plates 32 & 33; Section 4*8) and Mtf 3/2 (Plates 3 & 4; Section 4.3).
Examples of other minor failures in squatter areas are incidents K 8/4
(Plates 36 & 37; Section 4-13) and ME 7/14 (Plates 34 & 35). Incident K 7/12
resulted in injury to one person*
Incidents in squatter areas required permanent evacuation of 127 huts
and temporary evacuation of 40 huts. 40$ of these evacuations resulted from
failures of soil cut slopes (Table 6).
The main causes of the lar#e number of failures in squatter areas are
indiscriminate cutting and filling on steep hillsides and the erection of
flimsy huts in these areas. Another important factor is uncontrolled
leakage and discharge from water supply, sewage and storm water pipes in
these areas.
3-2.2
Buildings
There were 32 incidents affecting1 buildings. Two of these were major
failures. They were incidents Mtf 7/3 (Plates 26 & 27J Section 4-10) and Mtf
12/2 (Plates 40 & 41; Section 4.14). Examples of minor failures affecting
buildings are incidents HK 7/8 (Plates 24 & 25), HE 7/16 (Plates 22 & 23;
Section 4*11) and ME 7/3 (Plates 30 & 31 )*
Incidents in this category resulted in partial closure of seven
buildings. Three of these were caused by retaining wall failures (Table 6).
3.2*3 Roads and Access
54 incidents affected roads and access, five of which were major
failures. They are MW 3/1 (Plates 1 & 2; Section 4.2)* ME 7/4 (Plates 16 &
17j Section 4.6), MW 7/1 (Plates 18 to 20j Section 4*9) and HK 12/1 (Plates
42 & 43; Section. 4.15). Examples of minor failures affecting roads and
access are K 4/2 (Plate 5), ME 6/2 (Plates 7 & 8; Section 4-5)> HK 7/5
(Plates 12 & 13) and HK 7/6 (Plates 28 & 29)Due to these incidents, 58 sections of road or access were closed to
traffic* Eighteen of them were caused by soil cut slope failures*
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14 -
3*2*4 Construction Sites
There were six incidents affecting construction sites* One of these
was a major failure! incident MW 12/2 (Plates 40 & 41 j Section 4*14)*
Examples of minor failures affecting construction sites are incidents HK
5/3 (Plate 6) and Mtf 7/16 (Plate 21)*
3*2*5 Catchwaters and Reservoirs
Incidents affecting catchwaters and reservoirs were dealt with
separately "by the Water Supplies Department (¥SD). There ware 36 incidents
of this type, 31 of which occurred on 12th July*
3*2*6 Country Parks and Open Areas
Thirteen incidents in country parks and APD Special Areas were reported
by the Agriculture and Fisheries Department. These included seven major
landslides in Plover Cove Country Park which occurred on 26th June. In
addition, the GfCO inspected nine incidents in open areas; two of these were
major failures* They were incidents MSf 7/14 (Plates 38 & 39) and HK 12/1
(Plates 42 & 43? Section 4*15)* An example of a minor failure affecting an
open area is incident HK 7/2 (Plates 10 & H).
3*3
Itypes of Incidents
The 3CO incidents were classified into six types of failure, and the
number in each type is shown in Table 7* Damage resulting from these types
of failure is shown in Table 6*
3*3*1 Fill Slopes
There were eighteen fill slope failures, forming eigjrt percent of all
incidents reported. Three of them were majors incidents MW 3/1 (Plates 1 &
2;, Section 4*2), ME 7/4 (Plates 16 & 17? Section 4*6) and ME 7/8 (Plates 32
& 33$ Section 4*8 )• Examples of minor fill slope failures are incidents HK
5/3 (Plate 6) and ME 7/14 (Plates 34 & 35)*
3*3*2 Cut Slopes
There were 115 cut slope failures, forming 49$ of incidents reported*
These were classified further according to types of material, i*e. soil/rock
and rock cut slope failures*
There were 93 soil cut slope failures* Four of these were majors
incidents MH 3/2 (Plates 3.4'4.5 Section 4*3), Mtf 7/1 (Plates 18 to 20;
Section 4.9), W 7/3 (Plates 26 & 27; Section 4*10) and m 7/14 (Plates 38
& 395 Section 4*12)» An example of a minor soil cut slope failure is
incident ME 7/3 (Plates 30 & 31)*
There were fourteen soil/rock cut slope failures* Two of these were
major, i.e* incidents K 7/12 (Plates 14 & 15; Section 4*7) and MM 12/2
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(Plates 40 & 415 Section 4-14)* Examples of minor soil/rock cut slope
failures are incidents HK 7/6 (Plates 28 & 29), HK 7/8 (Plates 24 & 25) and
K 8/4 (Plates 36 & 37; Section 4*13).
There were ei^rht rock cut slope failures* Hone of these was major.
3*3*3 Retaining Walls
There were 26 retaining wall failures, forming eleven percent of all
incidents reported* None of these was major. Examples of minor retaining
wall failures are incidents ME 6/2 (Plates 7 & 8) and HE 7/2 (Plates 10 &
11)3*3*4 Natural Slopes
There were nine natural slope failures, forming four percent of all
incidents reported. Two of these were major: incidents K 6/5 (Plate 9;
Section 4.4) and HK 12/1 (Plates 42 & 43; Section 4.15). An example of a
minor natural slope failure is incident HK 7/5 (Plates 12 & 13)*
3*3*5 Sock and Boulder Falls
There were 29 cases of rock and "boulder falls* forming thirteen percent
of all incidents reported, none of which was major* Examples of rock and
boulder falls axe incidents K 4/2 (Plate 5), NJT 7/16 (Plate 21) and HK 7/16
(Plates 22 & 23; Section 4*11).
3*3*6 Other Failures
Other failures are incidents which cannot be properly classified into
the above categories. These included cases of ground collapse, firround
settlement and hut collapse. There were 36 failures of this type, forming:
fifteen percent of all incidents. None of these was major.
3.4 Rainfall-Landslide Relationships
The primary cause of a larê majority of all failures was rainfall.
Other failures were mostly isolated incidents caused by such factors as
construction work* leakage of services and indiscriminate activities
relating to earthworks and drainage alterations in squatter areas*
A simple relationship between rainfall and landslides is demonstrated by
the plot of daily rainfall and daily number of landslide occurrences
throughout 1986 in Figure 3. The majority of landslides tend to occur at
times of heavy rainfall* The Geographical distribution of rainfall also has
a considerable influence on the occurrence of landslides in various areasFigures 6 to 10 show the location of landslides for which dates of occurrence
are known (see Section 3*1). imposed on the 24-hour rainfall maps of tiie
corresponding time periods for the events on 12th May, 6th June, 4*& July,
12th July and 11th August. A close relationship between landslides ami
rainfall distribution can be seen in these figures*
-
16 -
More detailed and comprehensive discussions on rainfall-landslide
relationships and failure meclianisins can be found in Brand et al (1984) and
Premchitt et al (1985)> where extensive data over the past twenty years
have been analysed.
4* NOTABLE INCIDENTS
4*1 Introduction
Fourteen out of the 233 incidents are discussed in more detail in this
section* These are presented in chronological order. The nature of the
incident is referenced under the caption of each incident. The selection
of these incidents was "based mainly on the size and consequences of failure*
4* 2 Incident Mff 3/19 Kwai Shing Circuit, Tsuen ¥an
(Date : 3rd March. Major failure of a fill slope affecting road,
Plates 1 & 2.)
This landslide occurred at about 4 P® on 4th March on the temporary cut
face of a fill slope catalogued as 7SW-C/FR63* The failure was about 16 m
long and 5 ^ high. The debris volume was about 200 cu m. At the time of
failure, excavation work was bein£* carried out on the slope for recompaction
of the existing fill* The unsupported excavation, with a very steep cut
face (near vertical), was considered to be the major cause of this failure.
The landslide occurred on the top part of the slope, which supported Kwai
Shing Circuit above. A large number of minor cracks on the road surface
were observed in the vicinity. As a result of this failure, one lane of the
road.was closed temporarily.
4*3 Incident MW 3/2, DP 434 Ko Tan, Tsing Yi
(Date i Not known* Major failure of a soil cut slope affecting
squatters, Plates 3 & 4*)
This landslide was reported to have occurred a few years ago and was
brought to attention- in March 1986 due to its progressive nature. The
failure was about 20 m long- and 7 & high, and the debris volume was
estimated to be about 200 cu m* Subsequently, repair work was carried out
on the slope. The work involved cutting back the failure scar and provision
of surface protection and slope drainage. Bo damage was reported due to
this failure.
4.4 Incident K 6/5> Sau Minff Village, Kowloon East
(Date s 6th June. Major failure of natural<slope affectiner squatters,
Plate 9.)
This landslide occurred on the morning of 6th June, when there was a
period of heavy rainfall (Table 1 and Figure 5)* It occurred at mid-height
of a natural slope, composed of residual soil and rock outcrops. The debris
volume was more than 100 cu m and consisted of gân^te blocks of various
size up to 1 m in diameter* The slide debris accumulated on the lower part
of the slope, about 25 a from the failure scar, but there were no squatter
huts in the immediate vicinity. The failure area was fenced off, and no
evacuation was required. The primary cause of the failure was probably the
-
17 -
intense rainfall in the area, which was more than ?0 mm in an hour (see
Figure- B2)*
4-5
Incident ME 6/2, Ma Yau Tong Village, Sai Kung
(Date : 6th June*Retaining wall failure affecting access, Plates
7 & 8.)
This landslide occurred at about 8 am on 6th June, during the intense
rainfall period (Fi^rure 5)* An 8 m Ions' section of a 3 m hi^rh concrete
retaining wall collapsed, and the volume of the failure debris was about 20
cu m. The wall supported a newly formed unpaved access road to a village
house construction site. The access road was undermined, and the affected
area had to be fenced off* Part of the construction material stored at the
toe of the slope was buried in the slide debris* The area was a loose fill
without any surface protection* Infiltration of rain water into these
exposed surfaces was probably the main cause of this failure.
4*6 Incident ME 7/4t 15 MS Tai Po Road, Sha Tin
(Date i 11th July. Major failure of a fill slope affecting road,
Plates 16 & 1?O
This failure occurred at about 7 pm on 11th July during the approach of
Typhoon Peggy* The feature affected was a 29 m length of fill slope
supporting Tai Po* Road at approximately the 15th milestone* The volume of
the failure debris was about 250 cu m, and it flowed down-slope to about
50 m away from the slide scar* Shortly after the time of failure, a heavy
flow of storm water from the road into the failure area was observed* The
water was gushing down from a hill slope on the opposite side of the road
and flowing over the road into the affected area» The storm water drain at
the top of the slope was also broken. Emergency work was carried out to
divert the water away from the slip area immediately after the failure*
As a result of this failure, the Kowloonr-bound lane was closed and
repair work was carried out* This work involved cutting into original
ground and back-filling with crushed rock*
4*7 Incident K 7/12» Ma Wan Village, Lei Tue Mun
(Date i 12th July* Major failure of soil/rock cut slope affecting
squatters, one person injured, Plates 14 & 150;'
This major failure occurred at about 7 am on the 12th July during a
heavy rainstorm associated with Typhoon Pe*?sy • The failure occurred on top
of a veiy steep (near vertical) 35 m high soil/rock cut slope, which was
probably an old quarry face. The failure scar was about 9 in wide and the
volume of the slide debris was approximately 300 cu nu This large volume of
failure debris fell down the slope to a fenced-off area (sterile zone)
behind the squatter village at the toe of the slope, and crashed through one
wall of a hut* As a result, a child was injured. Subsequently, six huts in
the vicinity were permanently evacuated and cleared from the area, and repair
work was carried out on the failure.
-
18 -
4*8 Incident ME 7/8f 77 4th District, Pak Tin, Sha Tin
(Date t 12th July. Major failure of a fill slope affecting road and
squatters, Plates 32 & 33*)
The failure occurred at about 7 am on 12th July during a period of
intense rainfall* A fill slope on top of a natural slope (total height 8 m)
failed, with a volume of slide debris of about 65 cu m. The failure affected
a hut at the top of the slope and a VSD access road below. The probable
cause of the failure was rainfall infiltration into the slope during the
rainstorm. As a result of this failure* a part of the road was blocked and
one hut was permanently evacuated.
4.9 Incident W 7/1, MS 13 Route Tvrisk
(Date i 12th July. Major failure of a soil cut slope affecting road,
Plates 18 to 20.)
This major landslide occurred at about 10 am on the 12th July, during
a heavy rainstorm associated with Typhoon Peggy. The failure was reported
to be progressive, starting as a small failure at 10 am. A massive slide
took place at 12 am, with a further small failure on the northern aide at 1 pn. It
occurred on a 25 ^ hi^h soil cut slope, catalogued as 6NE-D/C21. The slope
was composed of weathered tuff and the debris volume was estimated to be
about 80 cu m. The debris blocked both lanes of Route Twisk and the road
was closed to all traffic for several hours* After removal of the debris>
a barrier was erected in the middle of the road, and only one lane traffic
was permitted while the repair was beinff carried out. For aesthetic reasons,
pine trees which survived the failure were preserved. The repair work was
completed by October.
4*10 Incident M 7/3* 30 Rung Yip Street, Tsuen Wan
(Date i 12th July. Major failure of a soil cut slope affecting
building, Plates 26 & 2?*)
This failure occurred in the morning of 12th July during a heayy
rainstorm. It occurred on the lower part of an 8 m hiisrh soil cut slope,
catalogued as 7SW-C/C208. The volume of soil debris was approximately 5° ou
m. The debris piled up against the ground floor of a factory building. Ho
substantial damage to the building was observed. The debris was cleared
from the area and the repair work was carried out subsequently.
4.11 Incident HK 7/16f Kennedy Town Police Quarters
(Date i 14th July. Boulder fall affecting carpark, Plates 22 & 23*)
This boulder fall incident occurred at about 6 pm on 14th July, two days
after the heavy rainfall associated with Typhoon Peggy on 12th July. The
failure involved three large boulders. The largest âs about 3 m long and
1.5 m in diameter. The total volume was estimated to be more than 10 cu m.
The boulders
were dislodged from a height of 40 m on a steep slope behind
Block l!Alf of the police quarters. One of them crashed on to a private car
parked at the toe of the slope, and the cax was destroyed. It was reported
that the driver had parked the car and walked away only a few seconds before
the boulders fell.
-
19 -
The boulders were subsequently removed from the area* and maintenance
works to the slope were carried out by ASD and ByD in their respective
areas of maintenance responsibility. Landslip preventive works to the slope
and boulders were scheduled in the 1PM Programme*
4*12 Incident M 7/14* Lot 38? KD 302, Shek Tfeai Po« Tai 0, Lantau
(Date i Hot knownlMajor failure of a soil cut slope in open area,
Plates 38 & 39*)
This failure was reported to have occurred in July but the exact date
was not known (probably during Typhoon Peggy). It occurred at about midheight of a 5° a high soil cut slope, catalogued as 9SV-C/C1. The total
volume of the failure debris was estimated to be about 150 cu m. The debris
flow stopped about 20 m from an abandoned twcK-storqy building* The open space
at the toe of the slope appeared to be a disused soccer pitch.
4*13 Incident K 8/4t Ma ffan Village, Lei Yue Mun
(Date * 11th Aumist. Soil/rock cut slope failure affecting squatters,
Plates 36 & 37-)
This failure occurred at about 3 pm on 11th August during a heavy
rainstorm (Figure 5)« I* occurred on the top part of a very steep, 15 m
high slope (probably an old quariy face). There were also two disused
tunnel openings at the lower part of the failure scar. The volume of slide
debris was about 25 cu m. The debris broke through the back walls of a
number of huts at the toe of the slope. As a result, thirteen huts were
permanently evacuated and the vacated area was subsequently cleared.
4.14 Incident MW 12/2. Tai Lam Centre for Women, Tuen Eon
(Date i 4th December. Major failure of a soil/^°ck cut slope
affecting building, Plates 40 & 41.).
This failure occurred in the vicinity of the Tai Lam Centre for ¥omen
during the course of the Phase II construction of security walls and guard
towers * After continuous li£ht rainfall from 2nd to 3rd D.ecember, a small
slip was found on a 7 m high soil/rock cut slope behind the fence of the
Centre* A 5 m long crack was also observed above the cuttiner. At about 8 am
on 4th December, a major failure occurred at the site. The failure was 15 &
long, 12 m high, and the debris volume involved was about 400 cu m. The
debris was contained -within the excavation, with some blocks of rock piled
up against a hoarding which was erected for the on-going construction work.
The primary cause of the failure was considered to be unsupported excavation
work forming part of the construction.
Because of the
storey prison block
excavation work was
protective works to
remaining danger of further failure, half of the onefacinsr the slip scar was temporarily evacuated, and the
halted pending completion of urgent remedial and
the slope.
4.15 Incident HK 12/1f Sir Cecil's Bide, ¥ong ffai Chung
(Date t 19th December. Major failure of a natural slope affecting
country park, Plates 42 &> 43*)
-
20 -
This wash-out failure occurred on 19th December. The primaiy cause of
the failure was the rupture of a water main. It occurred on a natural hillslope "below a covered service reservoir in the ¥ong Uai Chiang Gap area*
The total length of the debris path was about 40 m, and the volume of the
failure debris was more than 50 cu m. Part of a country park trail (Sir
Cecil's Hide) was damaged* The failure occurred on parts of the hill slope
above and below the trail. A number of exposed loose boulders were also
observed on th§ failure scar. As a result, the trail was closed pending the
completion of repair work to the failure.
Rainfall amounts of various durations during 1986 can be
considered as normal, except for slightly heavier short period (less than
one day) rainfalls on 6th June. Over the whole year, 233 landslides and
related incidents were reported to the GCO District Divisions, and the
damage resulting from these incidents may be summarised as follows i one
person injured, 1 67 huts evacuated, seven buildings partially closed, and 58
sections of road and access closed. Most of this damage occurred during or
shortly after rainstorms* The five most intense and damaging storms
occurred on 12th May, 6th June, 4th July, 12th July (Typhoon Pegsy) and 11th
August. The Landslip Warning was issued on each of these five occasions •
Brand, E.¥. , Premchitt, J. & Phillipson, H.B. (1984). Relationship between
rainfall and landslides in .Hong Kong. Proceedings of the Fourth
International Symposium on Lajadslides. Toronto, vol. 1, pp 377-384.
Choot, E.B. (1984). GCO Internal Report - Landslips Caused by the June
1983 Rainstorm. Special Project Report SPR 1/84, Geotechnical Control
Office, 122 p*
Oeotechnical Control Office (I982a). GCO Internal Report - Report on the
Rainstorm of May 1982. Geo technical Control Office, Hong Kong, 126 p.
Geo technical Control Office, (I982b). GCO Internal Report - Report on the
Rainstorm of August 1982. Geo technical Control Office, Hong Kong, 90 p*
plus 1 drg*
Lumb, P. (1985) • Slope failures in Hong Kong. Quarterly Journal of
Engineering Geology » vol. 8, pp 31-65*
Peterson, P. & Kwong, H. (1981)« A design rain storm profile for Hong Kong.
Royal Observatory i Hong Kong. Technical Mote Mb. 58, 30 p.
Premchitt, J. (1985). GCO Internal Report - Rainfall and Landslides in 1 984*
Geo technical Control Office, Hong Kong, 89 p« plus 1 drg.
Premchitt, J. (1986). GCO Internal Report - Rainfall and Landslides in 1985*
Geotechnical Control Office, Hong Kong, 106 p. plus 1 drg.
Premchitt, J., Brand, E.W. & Phillipson, H.B. (1985). Landslides caused "by
rapid ^roundwater changes. Proceedings of the 21st Annual Conference of
-
21 -
the Engineering Group of the Geological Society (Groundwater in
Engineering Geology) Sheffield, pp 31-42*
Royal Observatory (1985* a *° l)» Monthly Weather Summary for January 1985
- December 1985* fioyal Observatoiy, Hon^r Kong.
-
22 -
LIST OF
Table
No.
1
Rainfall-Landslide Events in 1986 with
24-hour Rainfall Greater than 50 n^
23
2
Itypes and Dates of warnings Issued by the
Royal Observatory in 1986
24
3
Maximum Rainfalls during 1986 and Estimated
Return Periods
25
4
Humbers of Incidents Reported to Various
Offices/Departments during 1986
26
5
Numbers of Incidents Affecting Different
Areas in 1986
27
6
Consequences Related to GJypes of Failure
in 1986
28
7
Numbers of Incidents Reported to GCO during
1986 Classified by TJype of Failure
29
Table 1 - Rainfall-Landslide Events in 1986 with 24-hour Rainfall Greater than 50 mm
Maximum Rainfall ( m m )
Landslide Consequences
Royal Observatory
Date
GCO Raingauges
Number of Landslides
24 -hr
5-hr
1-hr
GCO
Newspaper
FSD
Persons
Killed or
Injured
103
221
136
45
5
5
-
-
15
261
315
113
41
48
8
2
1 inj.
40
74
29
68
160
146
79
35
2
-
-
27
76
47
6
52
298
204
77
19
6
-
.
2
123
44
15
41
54
216
82
38
7
3
-
-
15
I
6-7/9
90
32
21
93
116
113
48
38
2
-
-
-
1
ro
21/4
86
42
30
1
2
123
59
21
7
1
-
-
7
16 / 9
72
72
39
0
187
85
85
43
-
-
-
-
.
25-26/6
71
57
27
25
78
137
84
27
-
-
-
-
-
19-20/5
68
43
23
0
244
111
87
50
1
-
-
-
3
24-hr
5-hr
1-hr
3-4 / 7
202
104
11-12/7
201
6/6
Antecedent
4-day
15-day
54
0
111
45
175
150
11-12 / 5
165
10-11 / a
Recent Major Rainstorms
Number Huts
Evacuated
Permanently
-
(For Comparison Only)
29/5/82
394
153
44
1
11
430
237
HI
551
498
15
48
1153
1 6 / 8 / 82
362
159
68
0
346
370
290
95
138
62
6
9
200
1 7 / 6 / 83
347
274
69
2
77
460
303
101
155
114
5
2
149
Notes :
{ 1 ) The events are arranged in order of magnitude of 24-hour rainfall at the Royal Observatory, Tsim Sha Tsui.
( 2 ) For the rest of 1986, there were less than 5 landslips reported to GCO on any one day.
( 3 ) Newspapers searched are South China Morning Post and Hong Kong Standard.
Abbreviation : GCO * Geotechnical Control Office -t
FSD = Fire Services Department ; RO = Royal Observatory
Table 2 — Types and Dates of Warnings Issued "by the Royal Observatory in 1986
Dates of Warnings
Month
* Landslip
Tropical Storm
Thunderstorm
Flood
January
-
-
-
-
February
18
-
-
-
March
27,28
-
-
-
April
20. 21,22
21
-
-
May
2,3, 6,11,12,13,14,30,31
11,12.14
11 (9p.m.) to 12 (4am)
-
June
3, 4. 6. 7,13,17,18.26
6. 25
6 (10a.m.) to 7 (7a.m.)
-
July
3,4, 7, 8, 10,11, 14,20,21,31
3. 4. 12
4 (9a.m. to 2 p.m.)
12 (7a.m. to 7 p.m.)
9-12 (Nos. 1-8, Peggy)
August
1, 2, 5, 6, 9,10,11.
15,16,17,21.22,23,30
10.11.23
10(10p.m.)to 11 (6p.m.)
9-11 (Nos. 1-3, Tropical Depression)
19-21 (Nos. 1-8, Wayne )
2 5 - 2 6 (No. 1. Wayne )
September
.1.3. 4, 6. 8, 16. 28
16
-
4 - 5 ( Nos. 1 - 3 . Wayne )
October
28
-
-
15-19 (Nos. 1-3, Ellen )
November
-
-
-
-
December
-
-
-
-
TOTAL NUMBER
55
13
5
6
Legend :
+
Landslip warnings were issued after consultation between GCO & RO .
- 25 Table 3 - Maximum Rainfalls during 1986 and Estimated Return Periods
Duration
Ending Time
+
Rainfall
Estimated
Return Period
(mm)
( Year )
Date
Hours
1 hour
73.9
6/6
1000
6"
5 hours
U9.8
6/6
1200
3
12 hours
159.1
6/6
UOO
<2
2/. hours
201.6
A/7
1000
<2
2 days
222.1
12/7
-
< 2
L days
2A2.5
U/7
-
<2
7 days
259.6
7/6
-
<2
15 days
505.2
17/7
-
2
Legend :
*
t
Rainfall at Royal Observatory . Tsim Sha Tsui,
Gumbel equation. Peterson & Kwong (1981).
Table 4 - Numbers of Incidents Reported";to Various Offices/Departments during 1986
Types of Incident
Off ice /Department
Total Number
Landslide
Flooding
Others
Geotechnical Control Office
233
197
-
36
Water Supplies Department
36
36
-
-
Fire Services Department
U
3
7
A
Agriculture & Fisheries Department
13
13
-
-
Highways Department
+
Housing Department (Housing Estates)
-
•
-
over 1000f
-
Legend :
*
t
Landslides reported to HyD werereferred to GCO and are included in the GCO incidents,
Most of this flooding occurred in Kowloon and much of it was not related to rainstorms.
*
-
- 27 Table 5 - Numbers of Incidents Affecting- Different Areas in 1986
New
All
Territories
Districts
61 (2)
23 (2)
119 U)
10
6
20 (2)
36 (2)
2A
21
• 3 A (S)
79 (5)
Construction Sites
i."
0
2 (1)
6 (1)
Catchwaters
0
0
0
0
k
2 (1)
9 (2)
Affected
Area
Hong Kong
Kowloon
Squatters
35
Buildings
Roads
Country Parks /
Open Areas
3(1)
Legend :
:{.)
Note :
Number of major failures
One incident may affect more than one type of area .
- 28 Table 6 - Consequences Related to Types of Failure in 1986
No. of Huts
Evacuated
Type of Failure
Closure of
Part of
Building
Road/
Access
Blocked
Injury
Permanent
Temporary
6
7
1
8
-
59
11
2
18
-
Soil /Rock
19
-
1
9
1
Rock
-
-
-
4
„
Retaining Wall
24
8
3
5
-
Natural Slope
3
-
-
4
-
3
3
-
6
.
Others
13
11
-
4
*
TOTAL
127
40
7
58
1
Fill Slope
Soil
Cut
Slope
Rock/
..Boulder' Fall
-
29 -
Table 7 - Numbers of Incidents Reported to SCO during
1986 Classified by Ifrpe of Failure
Type of Failure
Number
Percentage
Fill Slope
18 (3)
8%
Soil
93 U)
40 %
Soil /Rock
U (2)
6%
Cut Slope
Rock
Retaining Wall
Natural Slope
3%
26
11%
9(2)
A %
Rock /Boulder Fall
29
13 %
Others
36
15%
TOTAL
Legend :
( )
8
Number of major failures
233(11)
100%
- 30 LIST OF FIGURES
Figure
Pa#e
UOo
IfO.
1
Locations of GOO and HO Automatic
Rainâuges
31
2
Cumulative Rainfall for 1986 and the
Recorded Maximum, Mean and Minimum
Cumulative Rainfalls
32
3
Daily Rainfall and Distribution of Number
of Landslides during 1986"
33
4
Monthly Rainfalls in 1986 in Comparison
with. Recorded Maximum and Mean Monthly
Rainfalls
34
5
Histograms of Hourly Rainfall at the Royal
Observatory on 12th May, 6th June, 4th and
12th July, and 11th August 1986
35
6
24-hour Rainfall Distribution Ending at 3 pm
on 12th May 1986 and Locations of ^CO
Incidents
36
7
on 6th June 1986 and Locations of SCO
Incidents
37
8
on 4th July 1986 and Locations of GfCO
Incidents
38
9
on 12th July 1986 and Locations of QCO
Incidents
39
10
on 11th August 1986 and Locations of QCO
Incidents
40
Mirs Boy
R7
i
New Territories
i
LO
Automatic Raingauge
Location
o
•
Figure 1 - Locations of GCO and RO Automatic
GCO Gauge
RO Gauge
Cumulative
M
o
O M
cn
oa
o\
o
o
***
o
o
Rainfall (mm)
•
250
200
1
-
150
•».£•
* 100
1
50 -
i
i
0
Jan
ll .
, ill,
Feb ' Mar '
Ll,
Apr ' May
i
i
,
i
L
Jun
L
Jul
J
1
Aug
'
J i
Aug
'
Sep
uo
u>
i III .
Oct
Nov
'
'
Dec
Month
1
*°
1 >,
•^
u
ia
1
30
p
-
20 10
-
°'
i
11
Jan
Ml 1 1
Feb
.!
I
Mar
|
1
|
!
Apr
i
II. .1, . ui i
' May
till i u
H i I .I.
Jul
Jun
Month
i i Am iJ-
1
iilL
y
Sep
i
i
Oct
l i t
Nov
Figure 3 - Daily Rainfall and Distribution of Number of Landslides durin* 1986
i i
Dec
i
'
1 AOO
1889
1 200
1 000
1966
1982
E
- 800
1952
1917
19 74
o
a:
600
o
1983 1926
400
STT
200
1887
Jan
1983
Feb
i
Mar
Apr
May Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
1974
Nov
Month
Legend :
1889
Monthly maximum rainfall and year
i
( since 1884 )
Monthly rainfall in 1986
Mean monthly rainfall between 1951 and 1980
Note:
Rainfall at Royal Observatory.
Picure 4 -* Monthly Rainfalls in 1986 in Comparison with
Recorded Maximum and Mean Monthly Rainfalls
Dec
CD
Ul
O tr}
Hourly Rainfall (mm) 2}
*a»
0»o
o
o
to
cf
ro o
Q.
tt
H*
2[
Hourly Rainfall (mm)
Hourly Rainfall (mm) 2>
f&
-A
• $J
vji 4
5'
10
CD 0
ON en
i*
U)
o
o
o
ON H>
ON W
• O
oo S
ON N
Iq 93
*
H*
OD a
ON Hi
ro
ct-
0
^
OO
00
ON
OT
CD
UO
Ul
ô
New Territorie
1
150
Lantau Island
MAX
2
3
<
5
S
7
i
S
t
O
HK5/3
MAX
ong Kong
Landslide
location
MW5/1 GCO incident no
Isohyets in mm
^ from Royal
Observatory
6 - 24-hour Rainfall Distribution Badinfif at 3 pm on 12th May 1986 aM Locations of OCO Incidents
Km
h1 7 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 6 9 1 0
HK6/7
HK6/5
Hong Kong
HK6/9
HK6/3
200-
Landslide
location
GCO incident no.
Isohyets in mm
from Royal
Observatory
Figure 7 - 24-hour Rainfall Distribution Ending at 3pm on 6th June 1986 and Locations of GCO Incidents
New Territories
Lantau Island
location
GCO incident no
Isohyets in mm
100—• from Royal
Observatory
K7/3
Figure 8 - 24-hour Rainfall Distribution Indinff at 3pm on 4th July 1986 and Locations of QCO Incidents
I
U>
^ 250
LarAou Island
•HK7/6
HoTVffWng
Sfw3l
HK7/9
r»\//4^>^>-»^_
HK7/U
HK7713
"ui/aj-io
9 - 24-hoxir Rainfall Distribution Eniing at 3pm on 12th July 1986 and Locations of GfCO Incidents
M£7/it
Landslide
location
GCO incident no,
Isohyets in mm
—150—" from Royal
Observatory
tO - 24-lioiar Eainfall MstriTmtioii
at 3j» on 11th August
aM, Locations of OCO Imidents
LIST OF PLATES
Plate
No.
Negative
No.
Paê
No.
Kwai Snin£ Circuit, Tsuen Wan
(Incident No. MR 3/1)
MW8604615
44
2
Kwai Shinsr Circuit, Tsuen Wan
(incident No. MW 3/1)
MH8604603
44
3
DD 434 Ko Tan, Tsinsr Yi
(Incident No. MW 3/2)
MW8612600
45
4
DD 434 Ko Tan, Tain* Ti
MW8612603
45
5
Butterfly Valley Road
(incident No. K 4/2)
SP8701834
46
6
Tai Koo Reservoir, Quarry Bay
(Incident No. HK 5/3)
SP8701833
47
7
Ma Tau Toner Village, Sai Kunsr
(Incident No. LIE 6/2)
ME8613111
48
8
Ma Yau Ton* Village, Sai Kun*
(Incident No. ME 6/2)
ME8613110
43
9
Sau Min# Village, Kowloon East
(Incident No. K 6/5)
ME86 13708
49
10
Pokfulam Plant Nursery
IW8607306
50
11
IW8607321
5P
12
Queen's Road East near Junction with.
Stubbs Road
IE86 18200
51
13
Queen's Road East near Junction with
Stubbs Road
IE86l8l23
51
H
Ma Wan Village, Lei Yue Mun
ME8617906
52
15
42B8634
52
16
MS 15 Tai Po Road, Tai Po Kau, Tai Po
ME86177T8
53
Plate
Ho.
Negative
No.
Page
No.
17
MS 15 Tad Po Road, Tai Po Kau, Tai Po
ME8617715
53
18
MS 13 Route Twisk
(Incident No. Mff 7/1)
SP8701808
54
19
MS 13 Route Twisk
(Incident Ho. Mtf 7/1)
MW8615524
55
20
MS 13 Route Twisk
(Incident Wo. Mtf 7/1)
42A8621
55
21
¥o Ti Hop Road, Tsuen Wan
(Incident No. W 7/16)
HQ8603015
56
22
Kennedy Town Police Quarters,
(incident No. HK 7/16)
IW8680A17
57
23
SP8701832
5?
24
Lee Kwok Yiu Building,
Hong Kong University
MES618401
58
25
Lee Kwok Yiu Building,
Honsr Kong University
(incident No. HK 7/8)
IM8608113
58
26
30 Kung Yip Street, Tsuen ¥an
(Incident No. W 7/3)
MH8615605
59
27
30 Kung Yip Street, Tsuen Wan
(Incident No. MB 7/3)
MW8616215
59
28
17 Magazine Gap Road
IW8608100
60
29
17 Magazine GFap Road
IM8608102
60
30
Tan Cheung Lot 783RP in DD 215,
Sai Kung
MB8618313
61
31
Tan Cheung lot 783RP in DD 215,
Sai Kung
ME8618309
6t
32
77 4th District, Pak Tin, Sma Tin
ME8618502
Plate
Ho.
Negative
No.
Page
No*
33
77 4th District, Pak Tin, Sha Tin
ME8618522
62
34
266 Ha Wo Che Village, Sha Tin
ME8618017
63
35
266 Ha Wo Che Village, Sha Tin
(incident No. ME 7/14)
ME8618019
63
36
Ma Wan Villaffe, Lei lue Mun
ME8621804
64
37
Ma Wan Village, Lei Tue Mun
ME8621810
64
38
Lot 387 DD 302, Shek Tsai Po,
Tai 0, Lantau
(Incident No. MH 7/14)
ME8625811
65
39
Lot 387 DD 302, Shek Tsai Po,
Tai 0, Lantau
MW8625804
65
40
Tai Lam Centre for Women, Tuen Mun
MW8630024
66
41
Tai Lam Centre for Women, Tuen Mun
MW8630009
66
42
Sir Cecil's Rid«, Won*Nai Chun*
IB8635618
67
43
Sir Cecil's Ride, Won* Nai Chun*
IE8635602
67
Plate
: 1
Negative No. KH 8604615
Date:
4.3-86
Plate
: 2
Negative No. ™ 8604603
Date:
4-3.86
Description : Major failure of fill slope affectinsr road,
1 lane of road closed.
Plates 1 & 2 - Kwai Shins? Circuit, Tsuen Wan (incident No. KW 3/1)
Plate
: 3
Negative No. K» 8612600
Date: 20.3.86
Plate
: 4
Negative No. K» 8612603
Date: 20.3.86
m
Description : Major failure of soil cut slope affecting squatters.
Plates 3 & 4 - KD 434 Ko Tan, Ts±n& Yi (incident No. MW 3/2)
Plate 5 :
Negative No. SP 8701834
Date:
21.4.86
Description: Boulder fall affectinir road, 1 lane of road closed^
Plate 5 - Butterfly Valley Road (incident Ho. K 4/2)
Plate 6 :
Date:
11.5-86
Description: Erosion of fill area affectiner construction site.
Plate 6 - Tai Koo Reservoir, Quarry Bay (incident Ho. HK 5/3)
- 4*î_
Is _~-1fe,_
._
^
Plate 7 :
Negative No. ME 8613111
D a t e : 6.6.86
Plate 8 :
Negative No. HE 8613110
Date: 6.6.86
,
•'• ,- i_^
Description : Retaining: wall failure affecting access.
Plates 7 & 8 - Ma Yau Tone- Village, Sai Kum (incident No. LIE 6/2)
.119-
Plate 9 ; Negative No. ME 8613708
Date: 9-6.86
Description: Major failure of natural slope affecting squatters,
Plate 9 - Sau Ming1 Village, Kowloon East (incident No. K 6/5)
-
50 -
Plate
: 10
Negative No. iw 8607306
Date:
Plate
7-7.86-
: 11
Date: 7.7.86
Description : Retaining wall failure affecting warden.
Plates 10 & 11 - Pokfulam Plant Hursery (incident No. HK 7/2)
-
51 -
Plate
: 12
Negative No. IE 8618200
Date:
Plate
12.7.86
: 13
Date: 12.7-86
Description : Natural slope failure affecting roads, 2 lanes of road closed.
Plates 12 & 13 - Queen's Road East near Junction with Stubbs Road
-
52 -
Plate
: 14
Date: 12.7.86
Plate
: 15
Negative No. 42386/34
Date:
16.7-86
Description : Major failure of soil/rock cut slope affecting squatters,
1 person injured, 6 huts permanently evacuated.
Plates 14 & 15 - Ma ¥an Village, Lei Yue Mun (incident No. K 7/12)
Plate 16:
Date: 12.7.86
Plate 17 : Negative No. ME 8617715
Date: 12.7.86
Description : Major failure of fill slope affecting road, 1 lane of road closed.
Plates 16 & 17 -MS 15 Tai Po Road, Tai Po Kau, Tai Po (incident No. ME 7/4)
Plate 18 : Negative No. SP 8701808
Date:
12.7*86
Description: Major failure of soil cut slope (6ES-D/C21) affecting road,
both lanes of road blocked.
Plate 18 - MS 13 Route Twisk (incident No. MW 7/1)
-
55 -
Plate
: 19
Negative No. KW 8615524
Date: 15.7.86
Plate
: 20
Negative No. 42A86/21
Date:
16.7.86
Description : Major failure of soil cut slope (6HE-D/C21) affecting
road, both lanes of road blocked.
Plates 19 & 20 - MS 13 Route Twisk (incident No. Mtf 7/1)
-
Plate 21 :
56 -
Negative No. HQ 8603015
Date: 12.7-86
Description : Boulder fall affecting construction site, 1 car destroyed.
Plate 21 - ¥o Yi Hop Road, Tsuen Wan (incident No. M 7/16)
-57-
Plate
: 22
Negative No. IW 8680A17
Date:
Plate
15.7.86
: 23
Date: 14-7-86
Description : Boulder fall affecting car park, 1 car destroyed.
Plates 22 & 23 - Kennedy Town Police Quarters, Ka Wai Man Road
-
58 -
Plate 24:
Date: 14.7.86
Plate 25:
Negative No. nr 8608113
Date: 17.7.86
Description: Soil/rook out slope failure affecting buildins- lot.
Plates 24 & 25 - Lee Kwok Yiu Building, Hong Kong University
-
Plate 26:
59 -
Negative No.DIE 8615605
Date:
14.7.86
Date:
17-7-86
N
Plate 27:
Negative No.MW 8616215
Description: Major failure of soil cut slope affecting factoryPlates 26 & 27 - 30 Klin*? Yip Street, Tsuen Wan (incident No. MW 7/3)
-
Plate 28:
60 -
Negative No. l» 8608100
Date:
Date:
15.7-86
,
Plate 29:
15.7.86
Description : Soil/rock cut slope failure affecting" road,
1 lane of road blocked•
Plates 28 & 29 - 17> Magazine Gap Road (incident No. HK 7/6)
-
61 -
Plate
; 30
Negative No. KE 8618313
Date:
15-7.85
Plate
: 31
Date: 15.7.86
Description : Soil out slope failure affectinsr building,
1 buildinff temporarily evacuated.
Plates 30 & 31 - Tan Cheuner Lot 783 HP in DD 215, Sai Kunsr
-
62 -
Plate
: 32
Date:
Plate
15-7.86
: 33
Date:
15'7.86
Description : Major failure of fill slope affecting squatters and road,
1 hut permanently evacuated, 1 lane of road blocked.
Plates 32 & 33 - 77 District 4, Pak Tin Villaae, Shatin
-
63 -
Plate 34:
Negative No. ME 860800?
Date:
13.7-86
Plate 35-'
Negative No. MB 8608009
Date: 13.7*86
Description : Pill slope failure affecting squatters, 2 huts permanently
evacuated.
Plates 34 & 35 - 266 Ha Wo Che Villas, Sha Tin
Plate 36:
Date:
12.8.86
Plate 37:
Negative No. ws 8621810
Description : Soil/rock cut slope failure affecting squatters, 13 huts permanently evacuated.
Plates 36 & 37 - Ma Wan Village, Lei Yue Mun (incident No. K 8/4)
Date:
12.8.86
Plate 38:
Negative No. MW 8625811
Date:
5.11.86
Plate 39:
Negative No.MW 8625804
Date:
Description : Major failure of soil cut slope .
Plates 38 & 39 - Lot 38? DD 302, Shek Tsai Po, Tai 0, Lantau
(incident No. KW 7/14)
5.11.86
Plate 40:
Negative No. MH 8630024
Date: 5.12.86
Plate 41 :
Negative No. Ktf 8630009
Date:
5.12.86
Major failure of soil/rock cut slope (6SW-I)/CR29) affecting building, balding temporarily
Description : evacuated.
Plates 40 & 41 - Tai Lara Centre for Women, Tuen Mun (incident No. MW 12/2)
-
67 -
Plate 42:
Date: 22.12.86
Plate 43:
Date: 22.12.86
Description: Major failure of natural slope affecting natural park,
footpath closed.
Plates 42 & 43 - Sir Cecil's Ride, Won* Kei Chun*? (incident Ho. HK 12/1)
-
68 -
APPENDIX A
LIST OP
- 69 APPENDIX A
LIST OF TABLES
Table
Kb.
Page
Ho.
A1
list of Incidents in Hon# Kon^r Island
Reported to $00 in 1986
70
A2
list of Incidents in Kowloon
Reported to SCO in 1986
75
A3
list of Incidents in Eastern New Territories
Reported to 000 in 1986
81
A4
List of Incidents in Western Few Territories
Reported to GCO in .1986
84
Table A1 > List of Incidents in Hong Kong Island Reported to QCO in 1986 (Sheet 1 of 5)
Failure
Coil Received
Incident No.
Location
Area Affected
Dote
HK 1/1
Junction of Tai Hang Road and Blue
Pool Road
Date
(Time)
From
, 30A
30/1 WSD
Type
Scale
Subsidence
Minor
Road, footpath
Soil out slope
Minor
Squatters
Consequence
1 lane closed
(10am)
m 2/1
Mount Parker Road, Quarry Bay
HK 4/1
Telegraph Bay Village, Pokfulatn
21/4
DO
/ 21/4v Retaining vail
(9 am)
Minor
Squatters
1 hut temporarily
evacuated
HK 4/2
Tai Wan Village (West)) Pokfulam
22/4
DO
21/4 Soil out slope
(1 am)
Minor
Squatters
5 huts permanently
evacuated
HK 4/3
52 Island Hoad, Repulse Bay
21/4
Polioe
HK
Rock out slope
Minor
Access
HK 5/1
30 and 40 San Shi Street,
Ap Lei Chau
11/5 PSD
11/5
(pm)
Soil cut elope
Minor
Road, building lot
Pootpath closed
1 buildin/ar
temporarily evacuated
HK 5/2
Ma Hang Prison, Stanley
12/5 ASD
11/5 Retaining wall
(6 pm)
Minor
Buildirwr (prison)
1 building temporarily
evacuated
HK 5/3
Tai Kbo Reservoir, Quarry Bay
11/5 Polioe
HK 5/4
Junction of Repulse Bay Road and
Bellevieir Drive (East End)
14/5
Polioe
HK 5/5
Stanley Gap Road
22/5
ByD
HK 6/1
King's Road opposite Oil Street,
Horth Point
HK 6/2
7/2 QAP
Consult
HK
Wash out caused by
a burst water-main
Mash out by flood
water
11/5
Pill slope
Minor
Construction site
HK
Rock cut slope
Minor
Road
Washout
Minor
Squatters
5/6 BOO
5/6 Rock cut slope
11 am)
Minor
Construction site
Traffic sicmal
control box
destroyed
59, Wan Chai Road
6/6 BOO
, 6/6, Retaining wall
(10 am)
Minor
Building lot,
construction site,
road
1 hut temporarily
evacuated
2 buildings
1 lane closed
HK 6/3
3hu» Wan Road, Aberdeen
6/6 BOO
6/6 Retaining wall
[11 aa)
Minor
Squatters
8 huts pernanently
evacuated
me 6/4
Igar Choi Hang Village above
Cloud View Road, North Point
6/6 DO
6/6 Soil out slope
(11 as)
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
22/5
(am)
Remarks
Pootpath closed
1 lane closed
Hash out of fill on
top of rock cut slope
Construction of
staircase in
process
Vail failure caused
ground subsidence
Table A1 (Cont*) - List of Incidents in Hong Kong Island Reported to GGO in 1986 (Sheet 2 of 5)
Call Received
Location
Incident No.
Date
From
Tain Tsui Ma Tau Villas,
Shaukeiwan
6/6 UyB
HK 6/6
Mt. Parker Road near King's Road
6/6 liyB
HK 6/7
Bowen Road, Happy Valley
7/6 HyB
HK 6/8
Mt. Parker Road near Kind's Road
6/6 SyB
HK 6/9
Ngoi Man Street, Shaukeiwan
7/6 BO
HK 6/5
1
Failure
Date
(Time)
6/6
Type
Boulder
Area Affected
Consequence
Remarks
Squatters, footpath,
3 huts temporarily
ovacuated,
footpath closed,
access closed
Boulder on the bank
of a stream course
dislodged
Scale
Minor
access
Minor
Footpath
Footpath blocked
Minor
Road
Road blocked
Minor
Footpath
Footpath blocked
Subsidence
Minor
Squatters
5 huts permanently
evacuated
27/6 Subsidence
(3 pm)
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
An area fenced off
6/6 Soil cut slope
(4 pfo)
6/6
Boulder
6/6 Fallen tree
(4 Pm]
6/6
(am)
HK 6/10
Tau Sheung Village, Nam $unt> Road,
27/6
BO
Won# Chuk Haru?
HK 6/11
Lun# Wah Street, Kennedy Town
27/6
Police
NK
Soil cut slope
Minor
Squatters
HK 7/1
27 Blue Pool Road, Happy Valley
30/6
SyB
NK
Natural slope
Minor
Building lot
HK 7/2
4/7
Retaining wall
Minor
Plant nursery
NK
Soil cut slope
Minor
Building, road
12/7
Soil cut slope
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
1 hut temporarily
evacuated
Natural slope
Minor
Road
2 lanes closed
Soil/rock out
slope
Minor
Road
1 lane blocked
(a»)
12/7
(am)
Soil/rock out
slope
Minor
Road
1 lane blocked
5/7 ASB
Lon4^-term erosion
problem
(am)
9/7 Public
HK 7/3
Kennedy Road near Wah Yan
College
HK 7 A
Shui Choi Tin Village, Wah Fu
HK 7/5
Queen's Road East near Junction
with Stubbs Road
12/7 Ey»
HK7/6
17, Magazine Gap Road
12/7 HyB
HK 7/7
Hornsey Road near Chater Hall
12/7 BO
(7 am)
12/7
Chunam crack and
slope surface
erosion
10 am)
12/7 RyB
12/7
Affected one road
above and one below
the failure
Table A1 (Cont.) - Ust of Incidents in Hong Kong Island Reported to GCO in 1986 (Sheet 3 of 5)
Failure
Coll Received
Incident No
Location
Dote
From
Area Affected
Dote
(Time)
Type
Consequence
Remarks
Scale
12/7 Soil/rock cut
(3 P*) slope
Minor
Buildiiw lot
Soil/rock cut
slope
Minor
Road
1 lane blocked
12/7
(am)
Soil cut slope
Minor
Squatters
2 huts temporarily
evacuated
12/7
Retaining wall
Minor
Squatters
8 huts permanently
evacuated
12/7 Soil cut elope
(7 P*)
Minor
Squat tore
1 hut temporar i ly
evacuated
Boulder
Kinor
Building
An area fenced off
Soil cut slope
12/7
(8 am)
Mt not-
Squatters
4 huts temporarily
evacuated
Retaining wall
Minor
Access
Boulder
Minor
Car park
1 oar destroyed
car park closed
Soil/rock cut
slope
Minor
Access
1 lane blocked
NK
Boulder
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
ByD
me
Boulder
Minor
Footpath
Complaint only,
no movement
ByD
NK
Boulder
Minor
Squatters
Complaint only,
no move me nt
11/8
Retaining wall
Minor
Road, building
1 lane closed
14/8
Soil out slope
Minor
Building lot,
construction site
An area fenced off
HK 7/8
Lee Kwok Yin Buildin*, Eon* Kong
University
12/7 BOO
HK 7/9
Mt. Kellett Road opposite
Matilda Hospital
12/7
HK 7/10
Shui Choi Tin Village, Wah Fu
12/7 DO
HK 7/11
Shum Van Road Village, Aberdeen
13/7 H/HK
HK 7/12
Choi Sheung Village, Nam Fung
Road, Wong Chuk Hang
12/7 BOO
HK 7/13
Karyknoll Sisters School,
Blue Pool Road
14/7 BOO
HK 7/14
Tsin Shui Ma Tau Village,
Shaukeiwan
14/7 5yD
HK 7/15
Holy Cross Path Village, Shaukeiwan
14/7 ByD
HK 7/16
Ka Wai Man Road
14/7 Police 14/7
HK 7/17
27 Lugard Road, the Peak
15/7 ByD
HK 7/18
Tai Hang Old Village, Ofei Hang
28/7
ByB
HK 7/19
Yee King Road, North Point
28/7
HK 7/20
Ma Shan Village above Yee
King Road, North Point
28/7
HJC 8/1
St* Stephen's Qirls School
lyttelton Road, Kid -Levels
11/8 H A S
Consult
HK 8/2
6 Broadwood Road, Happy Valley
15/8 BOO
H/HK
12/7
(pm)
12/7
(pm)
13A
(6 am)
(6 pm)
12/7
(pm)
Soil washed out
due to a burst
water-main
Table A1 (Cont*) - List of Incidents in Hong Kong Island Reported to OCO in 1986 (Sheet 4 of 5)
Coll Received
Incident No.
Failure
Locotion
Dote
From
Dote
(Time)
Area Affected
Consequence
Remarks
Type
Scale
Subaidence
Minor
Road, building
1 lane closed
21/8
Soil cut elope
(2 pm)
Minor
Squatters
3 huts permanently
evacuated
21/8
Subsidence
11 am)
Minor
Squatters
3 huts temporarily
evacuated
At the same site
as Incident HK 6/5
Soil washed out due
to water-main and
sewer leakajê
HK 8/3
St. Stephen's Girl's College,
lyttelton Road, Mid-Levels
20/8
H & S 20/8
Joneult
HK 8/4
Tain Shui Ma Tau Village,
Shaukeiwan
21/8
QyD
HK 8/5
Shaukeiwan
21/8 HyD
HK 8/6
Shaukeiwan
22/8
HyD
NK
Soil cut slope
Minor
Squatters
3 huts permanently
evacuated
Complaint of
potential failure
HK 8/7
Shaukeiwan
22/8
%D
NK
Soil cut slope
Minor
Squattera
1 hut permanently
evacuated
Complaint of
potential failure
HK 8/8
Aldrich Village, Shaukeiwan
22/8 Uyl)
NK
Soil cut slope
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
Complaint of
potential failure
HK 8/9
Victoria Road, Pokfulam
27/8
HyD
24/8
Boulder
Minor
Road
HK 8/10
Ham Lorn?- Shan Road Villas,
Aberdeen
26/8
5yD
18/8
Subaidence
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
HK 9/1
Mary New Village, Stanley
6/9 3yD
/ 5/9
s
(5
PB)
Pill alope
Minor
Squatters
2 huts permanently
evacuated
HK 9/2
Sham Kap Village, Shek Pai
Wan Road, Aberdeen
8/9 ByD
7/9
Pill alope
Minor
SquatteiB
A storage area
closed
HK 9/3
Holy Croaa Path Village
8/9 HyD
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
HK 9/4
40 Cloud View Road, North
Point
10/9 BOO
Minor
Road
Footpath closed
HK 9/5
Nam Lon£ Shan Road Village,
Aberdeen
10/9 HyP
Minor
Squatters
HK 9/6
Tai Hang Old Village, Tai Han*
HK 9/7
Blaokfe Link, Mt. Cameron
HK 10/1
90 Shan Pin Terrace, A Kun*
Nffam
Soil cut slope
(8 pm)
^\
8/9 Rock cut slope
(6 am)
4/9 Pill alope
10 am]
5/9 HyB
NK
Boulder
Minor
SquatteiB
HyD
NK
Soil out elope
Minor
Road
11/7
Soil cut slope
Mi nor
Squatters
22/9
2/K HyD
Complaint only,
no movement
1 hut permanently
evacuated
Table-.'Aj (GontV) - List of Incidents in Hong Kong Island Reported to QCO in 1986 (Sheet 5 of 5)
Failure
Call Received
Area Affected
Location
incident No
Dote
From
HK
10/2
Ham Lom? Shan Road Village,
Aberdeen
10/10 ByD
HK
10/3
Nam Lonj? Shan Road Village,
Aberdeen
18/10 Police
HK 11/1
Holy Cross Path Villa**
11/11 ByD
HK 11/2
0 Pui Lun£ Village, Shaukeiwan
20/11 ByD
EK 11/3
Aldrich Bay Village, Shaukeiwan
13/11 By&
(noon]
HK 12/1
Sir Cecil's Ride, Won*? Nei Churu?
20/12 ByD
Holy Cross Path Village, Shaukeiwan
31/12
HK
12/2
Legend i
BK
Sot known
^D
Date
(Time)
Type
Scale
Subsidence
Minor
Squatters
18/10 Pill slope
(am)
Minor
Squat tera
Minor
Squatters
15/11 Soil cut slope
(6am)
Minor
Squatters
Boulder
Minor
Squatters
19/12 Natural slope
Kajor
Country park trail
Minor
Squatters
HK
7/11 Boulder
NK
NK
Retaining wall
Consequence
Remarks
2 huts temporarily
evacuated
1 hut permanently
evacuated
Complaint only,
no movement
Footpath (trail)
closed
Si/?ns of distress
observed
Table A2 - List of Incidents in Kowloon Reported to GCO in 1986 (Sheet 1 of 6)
Call Received
Incident No.
Failure
Location
Date
From
Date
(Time)
Area Affected
Type
Consequence
Remarks
Scale
Soil cut slope
Minor
Squatters
18/2 HyB
18/2 Retaining wall
(9 am)
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
Cheung Lung Ting Village, KE
21/2 HyB
20/2 Retaining wall
[10 pm)
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
2 huts temporarily
evacuated
K 2/3
Ung Nam San Tsuen, KE
24/2 HyB
24/2 Subsidence
(1 PB»)
Minor
Squatters
1 hut temporarily
evacuated
K 3/1
Cheun/? Lung Tin Village, KE
14/3 HyB
13/3 Subsidence
(6 pm)
Kinor
Squatters
K 3/2
Bishop Ford Memorial School,
Lok Fu, Kowloon City
19/3 HyB
Soil cut slope
Minor
Footpath, school
Footpath blocked
K 3/3
Cheun* Lun* Tin Village, KE
24/3
ft* NK
Subsidence
Minor
Squatters
1 hut temporari ly
evacuated
K 4/1
Hammer Hill Road, KG
8/4 HyB
me
Subsidence
Minor
Squatters
K 4/2
Butterfly Valley Road, KM
21/4 HyB
21/4
Boulder
Minor
Road
1 lane closed*
footpath closed
K 4/3
Ar/tfle Street, below 16
Kadoorie Avenue, Ho Man Tin
22/4 HyB
21/4 Boulder
(6 pa)
Minor
Footpath
Footpath closed
K 5/1
Block 7, Lok Fu Lstate
(11WI-B/C170)
12/5 oco
11/5 Soil/rock cut
(5 P*: slope
Minor
Building
Soil wash out,
LPM works in prourresa
K 5/2
Kwon* Lee Road Bus Terminus,
So Uk
11/5
11/5 Soil cut slope
'10 pm]
Minor
Bus terminus
Near default works
in proflrress
K5/3
Ung Nam San Tsuen, KB
12/5 HyB
Minor
Squat terfi
K 5/4
Ung Baa San Teuen, KB
12/5 HyB
12/5 But collapse
Minor
Squatters
X5/5
Cheung lAing Tin Village, KB
12/5
HyB
11/5 Soil out slope
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
*5/«
Clear Hater Bay Road below
Lee On Flyover
12/5 HyD
11/5 Soil out slope
Minor
Footpaths
Footpath closed
K 1/1
Man Kuk Village, KG
20/1
K 2/1
Ngau Chi Wan Village, KG
K 2/2
HyB
BOO
12/1
30/1
12/5 Boulder
(2 an;
1 hut permanently
evacuated
Not a geo technical
problem
Table A2 (Oont. ) - List of Incidents in Kowloon Reported to GCO in 1986 (Sheet 2 of 6)
Failure
Call Received
Incident No
Location
Date
From
Date
{Time)
Area Affected
Type
Consequence
Remarks
Scale
11/5 Soil cut slope
(6 pm
Minor
Squatters
11/5
Soil cut slope
Minor
Footpath
ByD
12/5
Soil cut slope
Minor
Footpath
Footpath blocked
20/5
ByD
19/5
Retaining wall
Minor
Squatters
3 huts permanently
evacuated
Sze Shun Street, CL-KX91Q, KE
20/5
SyD
12/5
Soil cut slope
Minor
Footpath
Footpath blocked
K 5/12
Ngau Chi Wan, East Village, KG
22/5
HyD
22/5
(1 am
Subside nee
Minor
Squatters
2 huts permanently
evacuated
K 6/1
Tai Shinr Village, Sau Mau Pir^r,
XC
2/6
HyB
.31/5
Soil cut slope
Minor
Squatters
2 huts permanently
evacuated
K 6/2
Diamond Hill, Ha Yuen Liru=r, KG
3/6 BOO
, 3/6
(3
am
Hut collapse
].',inor
Squatters
K 6/3
Man Kuk New Village, KC
5/6 VyV
4/6 Subsidence
(2 pm)
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
K 6/4
Martha Boss Community Centre,
Chum? Hau Street, Ho Man Tin
6/6
6/6
(8 am
Minor
School playground
JLn area fenced off
K 6/5
Sau Kin* Village, KE
6/6 Public
Major
Squatters
An area fenced off
K 6/6
King's Park
(11NW-D/P9?)
6/6
CEO
Minor
Hoad
1 lane blocked
(water & mud)
K 6/7
Chun* Luen Village, Tai Po Road,
KM
6/6
ItyD
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
K6/8
Ling Nam San Tsuen, KE
6/6 %D
6/6 Out oo 1 lapse
(-)
.-
Squatters
Not a £e o technical
problem
K6/9
Lei Tue Mun Village, Chuen
Tuen Road, KE
6/6 3yD
6/6 Hut collapse
(am)
-
Squatters
Hot a geoteohnioal
problem
K 6/10
Tai Lok San Tsuen,Cha Kwo
Ling Road, KE
6/6 5yD
6/6 Boulder
(a»)
Minor
Squatter 8
K 5/7
Tai Koon New Village, KW
12/5
^D
K5/8
Lee On Road, opposite Lee
Han* House, KG
12/5
HyD
K 5/9
Lam Tin 3rd Village, KE
13/5
K 5/10
Cheung Luiwr Tin Village, KE
K 5/11
Public
Soil cut slope
6/6 Natural slope
(am)
6/6 Pill elope
6/6
(8 am
Retaining wall
1 hut temporarily
evacuated
Not a treotechnical
problem
1 hut permanently
evacuated
File No, BDB (B)
6/4163/81
LPK works in process
Table A2 (Cont.) - List of Incidents in Kowloon Reported to GCO in 1986 (Sheet 3 of 6)
Coil Received
Incident No.
Location
Date
From
Failure
Area Affected
Date
(Time}
Type
Consequence
K 6/11
Fuk Tak New Village, Jordan Valley,
KB
6/6 HyD
6/6
(10 am
Soil cut slope
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
K 6/12
Cheung Lung Tin Village, KE.
6/6 HyD
6/6
(am)
Soil cut slope
Minor
Squatters
6 huts permanently
evacuated
K 6/13
Clear Water Bay Road near
Tak lion Village
6/6 HyD
NK
Subsidence
Minor
Road
K 6/14
Ngau Chi Wan East Village, KG
6/6 HyD
6/6
(10 am
Soil out slope
Kinor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
K 6/15
Ngau Chi Wan East Village, KG
6/6 HyD
6/6
(10 am
Hut collapse
Minor
Squatters
1 hut temporarily
evacuated
k 6/16
Ngau Chi Wan East Village, KC
6/6 HyD
6/6
(8 am
Soil cut slope
Minor
Squat ten'
1 hut temporarily
evacuated
1 hut permanently
evacuated
K 6/17
Ngau Chi Wan West Village, KC
6/6 HyD
slope
Minor
Squatters
5 huts temporarily
evacuated
K6/18
Sau Ming Village, KE
6/6 HyD
6/6
(am)
Retaining wall
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
K 6/19
Sau On Village, Sau Kau Ping
6/6 DO
6/6
(am)
Subsidence
Minor
Squatters
K 6/20
Ling Nam San Tsuen, KE
9/6 HyD
6/6
(am)
Soil cut slope
Minor
Road, footpath
K 6/21
Cheung Lung Tin Village, KE
9/6 HyD
6/6
(am)
Subsidence
Minor
Squatters
Kam Shek Village, KE
9/6 HyD
8/6
Soil out slope
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
K6/23
Hgau Chi W»tt Ewt Village, KC
9/6 HyD
6/6
(P»)
Subsidence
Minor
Squatters
3 huts temporarily
evacuated
K 6/24
Hgau Chi Wan East Village, KG
9/6 SyD
out slope
Minor
Squatters
K6/25
Hgau Chi Wan Wee t Village, KC
9/6 HyD
6/6 Retaining wall
(P»)
Minor
Squatters
•K 6/22
6/6 Fill
(10 am]
6/6 Soil
(9 J«)
Remarks
Scale
Footpath blocked
Jot a fireotechnioal
problem
1, hut permanently
evacuated
Table A2 (Cant*) - List of Incidents in Kowloon Reported to GfCO in 1986 (Sheet 4 of 6)
Coll Received
Incident No
Failure
Location
Date
From
Area Affected
Date
(Time)
Type
ffo movement,
complaint only
Squatters
Minor
Squatteib
Minor
Footpath
6/6 Soil out slope
(am)
Minor
Road
6/6 Rock cut slope
(am)
Minor
Footpath
Footpath blocked
Rock cut slope
Minor
Road
Footpath blocked
NK
Soil cut slope
Minor
Parkin* lot
Surface erosion only
NK
Boulder
-
Squatters
No movement,
complaint only
4/7 Soil out slope
(9am)
Minor
Squatters
NK
Soil out slope
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
4/7
Hut collapse
Minor
Squatters
2 huts temporarily
evacuated
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
Soil out slope
Minor
Squatters
12/7 % Retaining wall
(5 J»)
Minor
Squatters
Subsidence
Minor
Road
1 lane closed
Soil out slops
Minor
Squatters
4 huts permanently
evacuated
Soil out slope
Minor
Squatter*
Hgau Chi Wan West Village, KG
9/6 QyD
6/6
K 6/27
Hgau Chi Van Vest Village, KG
9/6 ByD
6/6 Flooding
K 6/28
Fung Vong High LevelService Reservoir,
Sha Tin Pass Road
10/6
w
K 6/29
Sha Tin Pass Road, Area A A B
10/6
**
K 6/30
Kun* Lok Road, Jordan Valley
10/6
JHyJ)
K 6/31
Hip Vo Street, Kwun fong
13/6 Syl>
NK
K 6/32
USD Temporary Parking Lot,
Ho Man Tin
10/6
USD
K 6/33
Uon Rook Yillage» KC
27/6
*D
17/1
Uon Rook Village (Lower), KC
4/7 DO
K 7/2
Kaa Shek Village, KB
4/7 W
K7/3
Hgau Chi Van East Village, KG
4/7 W
K 7/4
Model Village | Kowloon Ton*
8/7 Police
K 7/5
Tsi IfriTg Tung, lung Hang Lane
14/7 HyD
K7/6
Tai Hang Tung, Tung Hang Lane
14/7
1 7/T
fsk Vo Street, Sau Mau Ping
1V7 *T>
K 7/B
Tai Shin* Village, Sau Mau Ping
M/l
* 7/9
*gau Chi Vsa Vest Tillage, EC
Boulder
6/6 Natural slope
(11 an
B/7 Soil cut slope
10 an)
12/7
14/7
BOO
$0
14A '*".
Remarks
-
K6/26
*'
Consequence
Scale
rffi
Footpath blocked
Arch SB(M) slope work
Table A2 (Cont.) - List of Incidents in Kowloon Reported to GCO in 1986 (Sheet 5 of 6)
Coll Received
Incident No.
Failure
Location
Date
From
Dote
(Time)
Area Affected
Consequence
Type
Scale
13/7 Subsidence
(2 pm)
Minor
Squatters
12/7 Soil out slope
(11 aa)
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
12/7 Soil/rock out
(7 am) slope
Major
Squatters
1 person injured,
6 huts permanently
evacuated
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
Minor
Squatters
Footpath blocked
Subsidence
Kinor
Squatters
Soil cut slope
Minor
Squatters
K 7/10
N*au Chi Wan West Village, KC
14/7 ByD
K 7/11
Jfaau Chi Wan East Village, KC
14/7 3yD
K 7/12
Ma Wan Village, Lei Tue Mun
12/7
DO
K 7/13
Cheung liing Tin Villas^, KB
15/7
SyT)
13/7
K 7/14
Fuk Tak New Village, Jordan
Valley
18/7
DO
13/7 Soil cut slope
(am)
K 7/15
ULnK Nam New Village, KE
19/7
DO
18/7
(pm)
K 7/16
N«au Chi Wan East Village, KC
21/7
Police
K 7/17
Tai Koon New Village, KW
30/7 DO
NK
Subsidence
Minor
Squatters
K7/18
Tai Koon/Man Kuk Village, KW
30/7 DO
m
Soil cut slope
Minor
Squatters
K8/1
lAin* Yiu Han* Village, KC
1/8 Soil cut slope
Minor
Squatters
3 huts permanently
evacuated
K 8/2
Butterfly Valley Road
11/8
SyD
11/8
Rook out elope
Minor
Road
Footpath closed
K 8/3
N*au Chi Wan East Village, KG
11/8
FSD
11/8
(pm)
Subsidence
Minor
Squatters
2 huts permanently
evacuated
K 8/4
12/8
flyD
Minor
Squatters
13 huts permanently
evacuated
K 8/5
La» tin 3rd Villa**, KB
12/8 DO
Minor
Footpath
KB/6
Junction between I*i Tu* Mun
Road and Rehab Path, KB
Boulder
Minor
Road
KB/1
Stonecutter Island behind
Dupont W/0 Factory
12/7 tfatural elope
Minor
Factory lot
4/8 BOO
8/8 Pott*
25/7 ASD
21/7
(9 am
Fill slope
11/8 Soil/rock cut
(3pm) slope
11/8 Soil out slope
(Pm)
m
1 hut permanently
evacuated
Remarks
Table A2 (Cont.) - list of Incidents in Kowloon Reported to OCO in 1986 (Sheet 6 of 6)
Failure
Call Received
Date
From
K 8/8
72-74 Tai Po Road
(11NW-B/CR46) .
20/8 aco
K8/9
Kam Mun Village, Tai Ho Ping
25/8 BOO
1-9/1
Hiu Ming Street Playground, KE
8/9 iSD
* 9/2
Hiu Ming Street opposite
Holm Olad College , KE
17/9
K9/3
On Lok Village, Sau Mau Ping
18/9 B^yD
K9/4
Diamond Hill Cemetery
25/9
K 10/1
Cheung Lung tin Village, KB
2/10 3)0
K 10/2
Tsz Van Shan Road
(11K&-A/J12)
3/10 HyD
K 11/1
Tsz Mei Village, KG
Legend $
]BC
Area Affected
Locotion
Incident No
Mot iiwfii
HyD
ASD
10/11 HD
Date
(Time)
Type
Minor
Car park
23/8 Pill slope
(3pm)
Minor
Squatters
3/9 Rook fall
Minor
Building lot
17/9 Rook fall
Minor
Footpath
18/9 Subsidence
(am)
Minor
Squatters
Soil cut slope
Minor
Cemetery
Soil cut slope
Minor
Squatters
3/10 Pill slope
11 am)
Minor
Road, buildin*
9/11 Subsidence
(7 PO>)
Minor
Squatter8
12/7 Soil out slope
m
m
Consequence
Remarks
Scale
Pootpath olo»ed
1 lane closed
Rupture of watermain
Table A3 - List of Incidents in Eastern New Territories Reported to GOO in 1986 (Sheet 1 of 3)
Coll Received
incident No.
Failure
Locotion
Dote
From
Date
(Time)
ME 2/1
26 Second St, Heuna: Pan Lui,
Shatin
21/2
DLO
ME 2/2
55 Pai Tau Village, Sha Tin
24/2
DLO
ME 3/1
Ngau Liu, Ho Chung, Sai Kun/?
11/4 HyD
ME 4/1
Bride's Pool Road, Tai Po
23/4
HyD
20/4
KB 4/2
Cut slope at Bride *s Pool Road
between MS 8 & MS 9> Tai Po
23/4
HyB
ME 5/1
Clear Water Bay Qolf and
Country Club, Sai Run*
11/5
BOO
ME 5/2
Ko Lau Wan School, Sai Kun*?
12/5 DLO
ME 5/3
Tai Po Kau, Tai Po
13/5 DLO
NK
ME 5/4
7 Tai Om Village, Tai Po
13/5 DLO
ME 5/5
9 Tai Cm Village, Tai Po
13/5 DLO
ME 6/1
Toi Hoi Village, Lot 291,
Sai Kung
ME 6/2
Area Affecled
Type
Consequence
19/2 Soil out slope
(7 am)
Minor
Squatters
Soil cut slope
Minor
Building
28/3 Soil cut slope
(5 Pm)
Minor
Villap-e house
Rock fall
Minor
Road
20/4 Rock fall
Minor
Road
11/5 Soil cut slope
(6 pm)
Minor
Road
1 lane blocked
11/5 Retaining wall
(6 pm]
Minor
Footpath, building
Footpath closed
Soil cut slope
Minor
Village house
NK
Soil cut slope
Minor
Building
NK
Soil cut slope
Minor
Building
6/6 BOO
6/6 Retaining wall
(am)
Minor
Building
Ma Yau Ton* Village, Lot 35-38,
SD 9> Sai Kung
6/6 DLO
6/6 Retaining wall
(8 am;
Major
Access
ME 7/1
To Fun* Shan Road, Sha Tin
4/7 DLO
4/7 Soil cut slope
Minor
Footpath
ME 7/2
Fu Yui Ha Village, Sai Kun#
9/7 DLO
4/7 Soil cut slope
(am)
Minor
Footpath
Footpath blocked
ME 7/3
Tarn Cheung Lot 783 HP in
DD 215, Sai Kun^
12/7
HyD
/ 11/7 Soil cut slope
(12 pm
Minor
Building
1 bui Idinjo^
KE 7/4
MS 15 Tai Po Road, near
Lai Chi Han*:, Tai Po Kau,
Tai Po
11/7 HyD
Major
Road
1 lane closed
Tai Po Road, Tai Po Kau
Tai Po
12/7 HyD
Minor
Road
1 lane blocked
MB 7/5
KK
11/7 Fill slope
(7 pm
12/7 Soil/rock cut
(M) slope
Remarks
Scale
I
OO
An area fenced off
fable A3 (Cont.) - UsVof Incidents in Eastern New Territories Reported to OCO in 1986 (sheet 2 of 3)
Failure
Coll Received
Area Affected
Location
Incident No
Date
From
Dote
(Time!
Type
Consequence
KB 7/6
MS 5i Tai Po Road, Sha Tin
12/7 Police 12/7 Soil cut slope
(8 as)
Minor
Road
1 lane blocked
ME 7/7
79B 1st District, Pak Tin
Village, ShaHn
12/7
HyD *
12/7 Retaining wall
(am)
Minor
Squatters
1 hut temporarily
evacuated
ME 7/8
77 4th District, Pak Tin
Village, Sha fin
14/7
DLO
Major
Squatters, road
1 hut permanently
evacuated
1 lane blocked
ME 7/9
59C 1st District, Pak Tin
Village, Sha&n
14/7 HD
12/7 Soil cut slope
(••)
Minor
Squatters
KB 7/10
Keng Hau Hoad, Sha Tin
14/7 3yD
14/7 Retaining wall
Minor
Building lot
An area fenced off
ME 7/11
36 Yau Oi Village, Sha Tin
15/7 DLO
12/7 Natural slope
(am)
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
KE 7/12
293 Tin Uu Village, Sha Tin
15/7 DLO
ME 7/13
4th District, Pak Tin
Village, ShaTin
16/7 DLO
266 Ha Wo Che Village,
Sha Tin
GIL' 743 1» lau Oi Village,
EE 7/14
ME 7/15
12/7 Pill slope
(7 am)
NK
Fallen tree
-
Not aflôtechnical
problem
Squatters
Minor
Squatters
3 huts permanently
evacuated
13/7 Public 12/7 Fill slope
(8 am)
Minor
Squatters
2 huts permanently
evacuated
16/7 DLO
12/7 Boulder
(am)
Minor
Building lot
Boulder
Minor
Building lot
Sha Tin
12/7 Soil out slope
(6 am)
ME 7/16
Fun/? Hang Village, Sha Tau
Kok, DD 50 I*t 346, North
12/7 DO
12/7
ME 7/17
48 Sam Mun Tsai Hen Village,
18/8 DO
UK
Soil cut slope
Minor
Building
10/8
Soil cut slope
Minor
Road
22/7
Soil cut slope
Minor
Road
1 lane blocked
Minor
Road
1 lane closed
Minor
Access
Access blocked
Tai Po
ME 7/18
Wu Kau Tang access road,
12/8
Tai Po
ME 7/19
ME 8/1
^D
Lung Ha Man Road, Tai Han* Hau,
Sai Kung
22/8 DO
6% MS, Tai Po Road,
11/8 5yD
Sha Tin
ME 8/2
Wo Lui Hang Village, Sha Tin
2/9
DLO
11/8 Soil/rock out
(8 am] slope
NK
Retaining wall
Remarks
Scale
00
I
Table A3 (Cont.) - List of Incidents in Eastern New Territories Reported to GCO in 1986 (Sheet 3 of 3)
Call Received
Date
KE 8/3
ME 8/4
MB 12/1
Failure
Location
Incident No.
From
Date
(Time)
Area Affected
Type
Bride's Pool Road, near Chun*
Mei, Tai Po
10/9 5yD
13/8 Soil cut slope
Minor
Road
153 Oi Tak San Tsuen,
17/9
13yD
21/8 Soil out slope
Minor
Building lot
Minor
Squatters
Tai Po
16C, 4th Street, Heung Fan Liu,
9/12 HD
HK
Fill slope
Consequence
Remarks
Scale
Sha Tin
a>
HK
Not known
Table A4 - List of Incidents in Western New Territories Reported to GCO in 1986 (Sheet 1 of 3)
Failure
Coil Received
Incident No
Location
Date
From
EyV
MM 1/1
Shek Lei Bang Village , Tsuen Man
MM 3/1
Kwai Shin* Circuit, Tsuen Man
(7S1MJ/FR63)
4/3 SyB
MM 3/2
DD 434 K6 Tan, Tain* Ti
(10HB-B/S5)
7/3 $rD
MM 4/1
Kvong Pan Tin Teuen,
Route Twisk, Tsuen Man
21/4 HD
MM 4/2
6£ MS Castle Peak Road,
Tsuen Man
KM 4/3
27/1
Area Affected
Date
(Time)
Scale
Subsidence
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
3/3' Fill slope
(4 PB)
Major
Road
1 lane olosed
26/1
NK
Soil out slope
Major
Squatters
/
Soil out slope
Minor
Squatters
22/4 HyD
21/4 Soil out slope
Minor
Squatters
6^ MS Castle Peak Road,
Tsuen Man
23/4 OCO
21/4
Soil cut slope
Minor
Squatters
MM 5/1
7 MS Castle Peak Road,
Tsuen Man
12/5 8yD
12/5 Soil out slope
10 am)
Minor
Footpath
MM 5/2
MS 13> Route Twisk
12/5 ?yD
12/5
(am)
Boulder
Minor
Road
Kau Ma Ken* Village,
Tsuen Man
14/5 flyD
14/5
Soil cut slope
Minor
Squatters
JIM 5/4
DD 387 Lot 103 Castle Peak
Road, Tsuen Man
16/5 OCO
11/5 Soil out slope
Minor
Road
MM 5/5
Siu Lam Hospital , Tuen Mun
19/5 ASD
12/5 Soil out slope
Minor
Building lot
MW 5/6
Lamrna Island Lot No. 1888
27/5 DLO
23/5 Soil out slope
Minor
Footpath
MM 6/1
Tuen Mun Highway, Tin* Kau,
Tsuen Man.
(6SE-C/F9)
21/5 aco
Fill slope
Minor
Road
10 6/8
DD 387 Lot 103 Castle Peak
load, Tsuen Van
19/5 OCO
18/6 Fill slope
(9 P»;
Minor
Road
» 6/3
Lot 1461 Lun* Tsai Tsuen,
Cheung Chan
26/6 DLO
Minor
Footpath
1W6/4
Tsin* Ti lorth Bridge
(11BM-A/C155)
23/6 HyD
Minor
Bead
KM 5/3
Consequence
Type
/? am)
*^
(5
NK
19/6 Soil out slope
m.
Soil/rook out
slope
Remarks
File No. OCMd 2/04/40
File No. OCMd 2/S2/86-3
2 huts permanently
evacuated
Footpath blocked
Private access
blocked
Fils Ho. DH/148/82/C
File No. DH/48/82/K
Footpath partly
VI
ft/Or•<!
DJLQOJUPQ,
Footpath partly*
blocked
Table A4 (Cont«) - List of Incidents in Western New Territories Reported to GCO in 1986 (Sheet 2 of 3)
Call Received
Failure
Location
Incident No.
Date
From
3yD
Area Affected
Date
(Time)
Type
Consequence
Soil cut slope
Major
Road
All two lanes
blocked
Fill slope
Minor
Footpath
Footpath, bus stop
blocked
Soil out slope
Major
Building
Soil/rock out
Minor
Road
1 lane blocked
Soil out slope
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanentlyevacuated
Natural slope
Minor
Squatters
m 7/1
MS 13 Route Twisk
(6BE-D/C21)
12/7
MW 7/2
Junction of Kwai Shin* Circuit
and Tai Wo Hau Road
12/7 Police
MW 7/3
30 Kung Tip Street, Tsuen Wan
(7SW-C/C208)
12/7
MW 7/4
Lai King Hill Road near
Princess Margaret Hospital
12/7 Polioi
MW 7/5
23 ¥u Lei Hang Village,
Tsuen Wan
12/7 Polio*
33 Wu Lei Hang Village,
Taien Wan
12/7 Polict
MW 7/7
15 Shek Lei Hang Village,
Tsuen Wan
12/7 Police
MW 7/8
Tso Kung Tarn Village,
Tsuen Wan
14/7 HyD
KM 7/9
Da Chuen Ping Village,
12/7 HyD
12/7
(am)
Soil cut slope
Minor
Building
XV 7/10
t3i MS Route Twlsk
15/7 HyD
12/7
Rook fall
Minor
Road
MW 7/11
13J MS Route Twisk
15/7 SyD
12/7
Rock fall
Minor
Road
MW 7/12
Tseng Tau Chun/? Tsuen,
Tuen Mun
12/7
12/7
(12 am
Retaining wall
Minor
Squatters
MW 7/13
31 Tung Wan Tau,
Mui Wo, Lantau
17/7 CJCO
12/7
Retaining wall
Minor
Licensed lot
(pi*sty)
MW 7/14
Lot 387 PD 302, Shek Tsai Po,
Tai 0, Utntau
(9SW-C/C1)
1/8 000
UK
Soil out clop*
Major
Open spaoe
*W 7/15
Road D4 South
Area 17> *?«•» ***
24/7
12/7
Soil out elope
Minor
Squatters
9 hut* permanently
evacuated
MM 7/16
Ho Ti Hop aoad>
Tauen Wan
Boulder
16/7 PubUo (j12/7
~-\
\f *»/
Minor
Construction site
1 oar destroyed
MW 7/6
12/7
(10 am
12/7
Public 12/7
Remarks
Scale
File No. aCMd
2/E2/86-7
(9 am
12/7
slope
12/7
(«).
12/7
12/7
(am)
Soil cut elope
Minor
Squatters
12/7
Soil cut slope
Minor
Squatters
DO
PII/»
I
1 hut permanently
evacuated
.00
1 hut temporarily
evacuated
(10 am
Taien Wan
2 huts pertnanently
evacuated
(am)
Fissured dike
2 huts temporarily
evacuated
Fil* No. OCMd
2/R/86-5
(feble 14 (Cent.) - last of Incidents in Western New Territories Reported to GCO in 1986 (Sheet 3 of 3)
Failure
Call Received
incident No
Location
Date
From
Area Affected
Date
(Time)
Type
Consequence
Footpath closed
Minor
Footpath
Hatural slope
Minor
Building
Soil/rock out
slope
Minor
Building
5/9 HyD
5/9 Soil/rock out
Minor
Road
1 lane blocked
2/9
*»
NK
Soil out slope
Minor
Squatters
1 hut permanently
evacuated
Mo Yi Hop Village, Tsueji Wan
27/8 HyD
NK
Subsidence
Minor
Squatters
KV9/4
Shing Mun Road, Wo Yi Hop,
Tsuen Wan
10/9
»»
NK
Retaininxr vail
Minor
Road
MM 11/1
Pak She Cheung Lee Park,
Cheung Chau
3/V DLO
NK
Soil cut slope
Minor
Footpath
MM 12/1
14 Yung Shue Long, Lamoa
2/I2 BOO
Minor
Building
KM 12/2
Siu Lam Centre for Mooen,
Yuen Long
(6SM-D/CR29)
Major
Construction site,
building
6/8 Retaining wall
(4 P«)
8/6
DLO
£ok Mai Village, Tuen Long
12/8
ASD
NK
MM 8/3
Autau Government Quarters,
Tuen Long
(6NB-A/C2)
13/8
ASD
NX
KM 9/1
MS 13i Rout* mak
KM 9/2
DD 453, Tsl Mo Otouen,
Fu Tung Shan, Tsuen Van
KM 9/3
MM 8/1
Tiger's Head Village, Tsing Yi
MM 8/2
XAgtnft i
fflC
Bot known
ASD
4/12 Soil/rock out
(8 aa slope
Trench excavation at
toe by C1P
Erosion of chunam
cover
slope
29/1 Boulder
Remarks
Scale
Adjacent to incident
MM 7/10
Footpath closed
Unsupported excavation
1 buildin*
temporarily evacuated File Ho, OCMd 3/1/46*1
- 87 -
APPENDIX B
RECORDS PROM GCO HADTGAUGES
APPEEDIX B
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure
No.
Page
Ho.
B1
Histograms of Hourly Rainfall Recorded by
GCO Raingauges on 12th May 1986
89
B2
Histograms of Hourly Rainfall Recorded "by
GCO Raingauges on 6th June 1986
94
S3
GGO Raingauges on 4th July 1986
99
SCO Raingauges on 12th July 1986
104
GCO Raingauges on 11th August 1986
109
B4
B5
,
- 89 -
13 16 19 22 01
04 07 10 10 13 16 19 22 01 04 07 10
Time (hour)
Ficrure B1 - Eisto^rams of Hourly Rainfall Recorded by QGO
Raimau«res on 11th, to 12th May 1986 (sheet 1 of 5)
- 90 -
H12
HU
H16
H19
10
13
16
19
22 01
04 07 10
10
13 16
19
22
01
04
07
10
Time (hour!
B1 (Cont.) - Histograms of Hourly Rainfall Recorded by GCO
Rainâuês on 11th to 12th May 1986 (Sheet 2 of 5)
- 91 -
10
13 16 19 22 01 04 07 10 10 13 16 19 22 01 04 07 10
Time (hour)
B1 (Cont.) - Histograms of Hourly Rainfall Recorded by
on 1.1th to 12th May 1986 (Sheet 3 of 5)
- 92 -
80
N02
N03
N12
N13
60H
40
20H
0
"10
13
16
19
22
01
04 07
10
10
13
16
19
22
01
04
07
10
Time (hour)
Figure B1 (Cont.) - Histograms of Hourly Hainfall Recorded by OCO
Hainsrauces on 11-fch to 12th May 1986 (Sheet 4 of 5)
- 93 -
NU
e
N15
o
10
<r
13
16
19
22
01 04
07
10
60-
10. 13
16
19
22
01
04 07 10
Time (hour)
Figure B1 (Cont.) - ffistoCTams of Hourly Bainfall Recorded "by GCO
flainsrauês on 1.1th to 12th. Hay 1986 (Sheet 5 of 5)
- 94 -
03
06
09
HOI
H02
H03
H04
HOB
H06
H09
H10
12
15
18
21
24
0
03
06
09
12
15
18
Time (hour)
Figure B2 - ELstoerams of Hourly Rainfall Recorded by OCO
Raingauges on 6th June 1986 (Sheet 1 of 5)
21
24
- 95 -
H12
HIS
H20
H19
03 06 09
12
15
18
21 24
0
03 .06 09
12
18 21 24
Time (hour)
Figure B2 (Cont.) - Hzstosrams of Hourly Rainfall Recorded by
Hain«rauges on 6th June 1986 (Sheet 2 of 5)
- 96 -
H22
K02
80-i
K04
K05
K06
K07
N01
N02
| 60= 40"
o
1 20o
(E
0
03 06 09
12
15
18 21
24
0
03
06
09
12
15
18
21
Tim* (hour)
Figure B2 (Cotrt.)- - Histograms of Hourly Rainfall Recorded Ijy QCO
Rainasauges on 6th June 1986 (Sheet 3 of 5)
24
- 97 -
N04
N12
80
N13
604020-
0
0'3 06
09
12
15
18
21 24
0
03
06
09
12
15 18 21
Time (hour)
Figure B2 (Cont.) - Histograms of Hourly Rainfall Recorded by SCO
on 6th. June 1986 (Sheet 4 of 5)
NU
80-
N15
6040-
20
E
E_
0
03 06
1 BO-i
'5
60-
09 12
15 18
21 24
N16
40-
20
0
03
06
09
12
15
18 21
24
Time (hour)
Fisrure B2 (Cont.) - Histograms of Hourly Rainfall Recorded T^y OCO
Rainsrauses on 6th June 1986 (Sheet 5 of 5)
- 99 -
80-
H01
H02
H03
H04
60-
8060-
0-P1^
1
801
1
T-:
F^^^^l
^
H05
H06
H07
H08
e 60o
1
o
a:
20H
0
80
60
40
L
20
0
HtO
10
13
16 .19
22 01
OA
a?- 10
10
13
16
19
22
01
04
07 10
Time (hour)
Figure B3 - Histograms of Hourly Rainfall Recorded, by 3GO
Raingauges on 3rd to 4th July 1986 (Sheet 1 of 5)
-
80i
100
-
H11
H13
HU
H15
H16
H17
HIS
H19
H20
H21
uu
4L
60
40
20
0
80
60-
80
60
40 ^
20
0
80
60
40
20H
0
10
13 16
19
22
01
04 07 10
10
13
16
19
22
01
OA
07
10
Time (hour)
Figure B3 (Cont.) - HistoOTanas of Hourly Rainfall Recorded by SCO
Raineraufires on 3rd to 4th July 1986 (Sheet 2 of 5)
-
60 n
101
-
H22
K01
K06
K07
K08
N01
60
AU40-
•
m
80-i
604020~T" " -^^^^^^^^^^ '
10
13 16
19
•. "^"'"•"^^^^^"T"
i
22 01 04 07 10 10 13 16 19
i
i
"^^^^^^^^^^
22 01 04 07 10
Time (hour)
Figure B3 (Cont.) - Histograms, of Hourly. Rainfall Recorded "by GfCO
Rain^rauês on 3rd to, 4th July 1986 (Sheet 3 of 5)
-
102 -
N03
N02
NOB
N08
N06
80-.
60-
o
I 20•^^^^^^^™"Y^ n "'
80-i
T
T; n:
-~JT-'-T;
lt; ::r
- ~'1 f - —^^^^^^^^^^^
N09
N10
Nil
N12
60-
20
80-t
60-
40
20
0
tO
13
16
19 22
01
04
07
10 JO
13
16
19
22
01
04
07
10
Time (hour)
Fisrure B3 (ContO - Histograms of Hourly Rainfall Recorded "by CfCO
on 3rd to 4th July 1986 (Sheet 4 of 5)
-
80-
103
-
N13
NU
N15
N16
604020-
E
0
3. 80n
c
<r 60
_
40-
ol Li. .—,—,-JP(fl
10
13
16 19 22 01
04 07 10 10 13 16
19 22 01 04
07 10
Time (hour)
Figure B3 (Cont.} - Histograms of Hourly Rainfall Recorded by OCO
Rainâw?es on 3rd to 4th July 1986 (Sheet 5 of 5)
-
80
104 -
HOI
H02
H03
H(U
604020-
0
80
H06
H07
801
H09
60
40
20
0
H10
14.
17 20
23 02
05
08
11 14
14 17 20
23
02
05
08
11 14
Time (hour)
B4 - Histo/rams of Hourly Bainfall Hecorded "by QCO
flainsrauês on 11th to 12th July 1986 (Sheet 1 of 5)
- 105 -
80 -I
H12
H13
H19
H20
H21
H22
60-
Time (hour)
Figure B4 (Cent.) - ELstograms of Hourly Rainfall Recorded, by SCO
Raingauges on 11tt to 12th. July 1986 (Sheet 2 of 5)
-
106 -
KOI
K02
K03
K04
6o^
40
20
0
80
60
40
20
0
K06
80
K07
K08
N01
N02
60
40
20
U
17 20 23 02 05 08 11 U
U
17 20 23 02 05 08 11 U
Time (hourI
Pisrure B4 (Cont.) - Histo«rrams of Bbxarly Sainfa]J Recorded "by GCO
Raingauees on 11tk to 12th July 1986 (Sheet 3 of 5)
- 107 -
14
17
20
23
N03
NOA
N13
NK
02
05 08
11 14
14 17
20
23
02
05
08
11 14
Time (hour)
Fisrure BA (Cont.) - ffi.sto*rrams of Hourly Rainfall Recorded by OCO
_^
Rainffauês on 11th^to 12th July 1986 (Sheet 4 °f 5;
-
108
-
N16
e
o
IE
"5
U
17 20 23 02 05 08 11 U
U
17 20 23 02
05 08
11 U
Time (hour)
Figure B4 (Cont.) - Histograms of Hourly Rainfall Recorded "by OCO
Raingauês on 1lik to 12th July 1986 (Sheet 5 of 5)
-
80-I
H02
109 -
H03
604020-
0
80 -I
HO 6
604020-
0
80-
H07
H08
H10
H11
H12
HI 3
604020-
0
80604020-
13
16 19 22 01 04 07 10 13 13 16 19 22 01 04 07
Time (hour)
10 13
Figure B5 - Histograms of Hourly Rainfall Recorded by QCO
Rair«?au«re8 o-n' 10th to 11th August 19^6 (Sheet 1 of 4)
-
80
110
-
HU
H15
H16
H17
H20
H21
604020
0
80 -i
50UO
20
0
80
60-I
80
50
40
20
0
•
^
H22
80
K02
6040200
13
16
19
22 01" 04
07
10
13
13
16
19
22
01
04
07
10 13
Time (hour)
B5 (Cont.) - Histograms of Hourly Rainfall Recorded by GfCO
on 10th to 11th August 1986 (Sheet 2 of 4)
- 111 -
80
K05
60
40 H
20
0
80-
K06
K07
K08
N01
N02
NOU
N06
N08
604020-
0
SO-i
1 60= 40"
o
1 20H
o
or
80
6040200
8060402013
16
19 22 01 04 07
10 13 13 16 19 22 01 04 07
Time ( h o u r )
10 13
Piarure B5 (Cont.) - HistoCT?ams of Hourly Rainfall Recorded "by 000
on 10th to 11th Auffust 1986 (Sheet 3 of 4)
-
112
13
-
16
19
22 01
04
07
10 13
N16
80-1
6040-
20
0
13
16
19
22
01
04
07
10 13
Time (hour)
Figure B5 (Cont.) - Histograms of Hourly Rainfall Recorded by OCO
Rain£aures on 10th to 11th Auawst 1986 (Sheet 4 of 4)
- 113 LIST OF DRAWING
Drawing
No.
GfCSP 8/3
Location Map of Landslides and Related
Incidents in 19&6
GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING OFFICE PUBLICATIONS
Geotechnical Manual for Slopes, 2nd edition (1984),
306 p. (Reprinted, 1994).
HK$74
(US$21.5)
Guide to Retaining Wall Design, 2nd edition (1993),
Geoguide 1
HK$48
(US$16.5)
Guide to Site Investigation (1987), 368 p. (Reprinted,
1993).
Geoguide 2
HK$83
(US$28)
Guide to Rock and Soil Descriptions (1988), 195 p.
(Reprinted, 1994).
Geoguide 3
HK$58
(US$18)
Guide to Cavern Engineering (1992), 159 p. (Reprinted,
1994).
Geoguide 4
HK$36
(US$13.5)
Model Specification for Prestressed Ground Anchors, 2nd
edition (1989), 168 p.
Geospec 1
HK$25
(US$5.5)
Model Specification for Reinforced Fill Structures (1989),
140 p.
Geospec 2
HK$25
(US$5.5)
Mid-levels Study : Report on Geology, Hydrology and
Soil Properties (1982), 265 p. plus 54 drgs.
HK$200
(US$34)
Prediction of Soil Suction for Slopes in Hong Kong, by
M.G. Anderson (1984), 243 p.
GCO Publication
No. 1/84
(Superseded by GCO Publication No. 1/85)
GCO Publication
No. 2/84
(Superseded by Geospec 1)
GCO Publication
No. 3/84
Review of Superficial Deposits and Weathering in Hong
Kong, by J.D. Bennett (1984), 58 p. (Reprinted, 1993).
GCO Publication
No. 4/84
HK$40
(US$8)
Review of Hong Kong Stratigraphy, by J.D. Bennett
(1984), 86 p.
GCO Publication
No. 5/84
HK$25
(US$5.5)
Review of Tectonic History, Structure and Metamorphism
of Hong Kong, by J.D. Bennett (1984), 63 p.
GCO Publication
No. 6/84
HK$20
(US$5)
(Superseded by GCO Publication No. 1/88)
GCO Publication
No. 1/85
Groundwater Lowering by Horizontal Drains, by D.J.
Craig & I. Gray (1985), 123 p. (Reprinted, 1990).
GCO Publication HK$74
No. 2/85
HK$50
(US$9)
(US$12)
(Superseded by GEO Report No. 9)
GCO Publication
No. 1/88
Review of Design Methods for Excavations (1990), 193 p.
(Reprinted, 1991).
GCO Publication
HK$40
No. 1/90
(US$12)
Foundation Properties of Marble and Other Rocks in the
Yuen Long - Tuen Mun Area (1990), 117 p.
GCO Publication
HK$58
No. 2/90
(US$10)
Review of Earthquake Data for the Hong Kong Region
(1991), 115 p.
GCO Publication
No. 1/91
HK$42
(US$11.5)
Review of Granular and Geotextile Filters (1993), 141 p.
GEO Publication
No. 1/93
HK$32
(US$19)
Free
Report on the Kwun Lung Lau Landslide of 23 July 1994,
2 Volumes, 400 p. (Also available in Chinese)
(Hong Kong) Rainfall and Landslides in 1984, by
J. Premchitt (1991), 91 p. plus 1 drg. (Reprinted, 1995).
GEO Report
No. 1
HK$118
(US$17.5)
GEO Report
No. 2
HK$126
(US$20)
GEO Report
No. 3
HK$126
(US$20)
Hong Kong Rainfall and Landslides in 1987, by
GEO Report
No. 4
HK$122
(US$19.5)
Hong Kong Rainfall and Landslides hi 1988, by
GEO Report
No. 5
HK$106
(US$16)
Hong Kong Rainfall and Landslides in 1989, by K.L. Siu
(1991), 114 p. plus 1 drg. (Reprinted, 1995).
GEO Report
No. 6
HK$126
(US$20)
Aggregate Properties of Some Hong Kong Rocks, by T. Y.
Man, A. Cipullo, A.D. Burnett & J.M. Nash (1992),
GEO Report
No. 7
HK$120
(US$19.5)
Foundation Design of Caissons on Granitic and Volcanic
Rocks, by T.Y. Man & G.E. Powell (1991), 85 p.
(Reprinted, 1995).
GEO Report
No. 8
HK$62
(US$10.5)
Bibliography on the Geology and Geotechnical
Engineering of Hong Kong to December 1991, by E.W.
Brand (1992), 186 p. (Superseded by GEO Report No.39)
GEO Report
No. 9
Bibliography on Settlements Caused by Tunnelling, by
E.W. Brand (1992), 50 p. (Reprinted, 1995) '..
GEO Report
No. 10
HK$48
(US$8.5)
Direct Shear Testing of a Hong Kong Soil under Various
Applied Matric Suctions, by J.K. Gan & D.G. Fredlund
(1992), 241 p. (Reprinted, 1995).
GEO Report
No. 11
HK$136
(US$21.5)
Rainstorm Runoff on Slopes, by J. Premchitt, T.S.K.
Lam, J.M. Shen and H.F. Lam (1992), 211 p. (Reprinted,
1995).
GEO Report
No. 12
HK$121
(US$19.5)
Mineralogical Assessment of Creep-type Instability at Two
Landslip Sites, by T.Y. Man (1992), 136 p. (Reprinted,
1995).
GEO Report
No. 13
HK$87
(US$15)
Hong Kong Rainfall and Landslides in 1990, by K.Y.
Tang (1992), 78 p. plus 1 drg. (Reprinted, 1995).
GEO Report
No. 14
HK$112
(US$17)
Assessment of Stability of Slopes Subjected to Blasting
Vibration, by H.N. Wong & P.L.R. Pang (1992), 112 p.
(Reprinted, 1995).
GEO Report
No. 15
HK$75
(US$12)
Earthquake Resistance of Buildings and Marine
Reclamation Fills in Hong Kong, by W.K. Pun (1992),
GEO Report
No. 16
HK$48
(US$8.5)
Review of Dredging Practice in the Netherlands, by S.T.
Gilbert & P.W. To (1992), 112 p. (Reprinted, 1995).
GEO Report
No. 17
HK$76
(US$12)
Backfilled Mud Anchor Trials Feasibility Study, by C.K.
Wong & C.B.B. Thorley (1992), 55 p. (Reprinted, 1995).
GEO Report
No. 18
HK$50
(US$9)
A Review of the Phenomenon of Stress Rupture in HOPE
Geogrids, by G.D. Small & J.H. Greenwood (1993),
GEO Report
No. 19
HK$56
(US$9.5)
Hong Kong Rainfall and Landslides in 1991, by N.C.
Evans (1992), 76 p. plus 1 drg. (Reprinted, 1995).
GEO Report
No. 20
HK$111
(US$16.5)
Horizontal Subgrade Reaction for Cantilevered Retaining
Wall Analysis, by W.K. Pun & P.L.R. Pang (1993),
GEO Report
No. 21
HK$44
(US$8)
Report on the Rainstorm of 8 May 1992, by N.C. Evans
(1993), 109 p. plus 2 drgs. (Reprinted, 1995).
GEO Report
No. 22
HK$126
(US$20)
Effect of the Coarse Fractions on the Shear Strength of
Colluvium, by T.Y. Man & K.Y. Tang (1993), 223 p.
(Reprinted, 1995).
GEO Report
No. 23
HK$126
(US$20)
The Use of PFA in Reclamation, by J. Premchitt & N.C.
Evans (1993), 59 p. (Reprinted, 1995).
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DATE DUE
[ Binding | •:
-6. MAY 1997
XD3773H17
LB 551.307 P92 h
1986
Premchitt, J.
Rainfall and landslides
in ... /
1991.
[LB]551.307P92h
X03773517

m - The University of Hong Kong

Transcription

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