Wawa MEP Stage 2_Baseline Energy Study and Energy Maps Report

Transcription

Wawa Municipal Energy Plan
Stage 2: Baseline Energy Study and Energy Maps Report
Prepared for:
Municipality of Wawa
Prepared by:
Emily Cormier, Energy Project Manager, Economic Development Corporation (EDC) of Wawa
REVISED: September 30, 2015
Funding provided by the Ontario Ministry of Energy and
1
Table of Contents
Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................................... 5
Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 6
Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 8
Project Timeline ............................................................................................................................... 9
Stage 2: Baseline Energy Study and Energy Maps..................................................................................... 10
Background .................................................................................................................................... 10
Key Stakeholders for Data Collection & Analysis ................................................................... 10
Economic Development Corporation of Wawa ................................................................ 10
Algoma Power Inc.............................................................................................................. 11
Municipality of Wawa (NITGC) .......................................................................................... 11
Wawa Energy Profile ...................................................................................................................... 11
Wawa Energy Consumption Data .............................................................................................. 12
Methodology ..................................................................................................................... 12
Sector Consumption Analysis & Results ............................................................................ 13
Algoma Power Electrical Data ........................................................................................... 13
Municipal Energy Consumption Data................................................................................ 15
Weather ................................................................................................................ 17
Water .................................................................................................................... 19
Transportation ...................................................................................................... 21
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ............................................................................................... 22
Methodology ........................................................................................................ 22
Results .................................................................................................................. 23
Wawa Electrical Greenhouse Gas Emissions .......................................... 23
Municipal Greenhouse Gas Emissions .................................................... 24
Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Estimates ...................................................... 25
Energy Mapping ................................................................................................................ 27
Methodology ........................................................................................................ 28
Maps ..................................................................................................................... 28
Average Kilowatt Hours 2013 for Wawa ................................................ 29
Average Kilowatt Hours 2014 for Wawa ................................................. 30
Average Kilowatt Hours 2013 for Michipicoten River Village ................. 31
Average Kilowatt Hours 2014 for Michipicoten River Village ................ 32
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Results .................................................................................................................. 33
Phase 1 & 2 Integration for Wawa MEP Development ............................................................................. 34
Public Engagement ..................................................................................................................................... 40
Communication Material ............................................................................................................... 43
Conclusion .................................................................................................................................................. 46
Recommendations ..................................................................................................................................... 46
Continued Stakeholder Engagement ......................................................................................................... 46
Next Steps ................................................................................................................................................... 47
Appendices ................................................................................................................................................. 48
Appendix A: Energy Map Polygon Number& Average Kilowatt Hours Table for 2013 and 2014.. 49
Appendix B: Wawa Electrical Use Polygon Breakdown Map ......................................................... 50
Appendix C: Wawa Seasonal Electrical Average Maps .................................................................. 51
Appendix D: Works Cited ............................................................................................................... 59
3
Tables
Table 1: Hydroelectricity Production and Capacity in the Wawa Region ................................................... 12
Table 2: Algoma Power Inc. Customer Codes ............................................................................................. 13
Table 3: Wawa Energy Plan Electrical Sectors ............................................................................................ 13
Table 4: Wawa Municipal Building Energy Consumption Data for 2013 and 2014 .................................... 15
Table 5: Wawa Municipal Building Fuel Consumption Difference from 2013 and 2014 ............................ 17
Table 6: Monthly Degree Day Comparison for 2013 and 2014 .................................................................. 18
Table 7: Average Temperature in Wawa for 2013 and 2014 ...................................................................... 19
Table 8: Wawa Consumption (m3) of Water for 2013 and 2014................................................................ 19
Table 9: Environment Canada Greenhouse Gas Emissions Coefficients .................................................... 23
Table 10: Wawa Electrical Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Sector in 2013 and 2014 .................................. 23
Table 11: Municipal Fuel GHG Change from 2013 to 2014 ........................................................................ 24
Table 12: Municipal Buildings GHG Increase from 2013 to 2014 ............................................................... 24
Table 13: Wawa Fuel Oil and Propane Consumption Estimate Factors ..................................................... 26
Table 14: Wawa Biomass Consumption Estimate Factors .......................................................................... 27
Figures
Figure 1: Wawa MEP Project Timeline.......................................................................................................... 9
Figure 2: Wawa MEP Areas of Interest ....................................................................................................... 10
Figure 3: Wawa Electrical Sector Consumption Breakdown....................................................................... 14
Figure 4: Wawa Electrical Consumption by Sector for 2013 and 2014 ...................................................... 14
Figure 5: Continued Stakeholder Engagement Methodology .................................................................... 47
Figure 6: Wawa MEP Next Steps ................................................................................................................. 48
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Acknowledgements
This report is the result of the cooperative work of many individuals and agencies. Below are
acknowledgements for the efforts made by the following groups, individuals, and organizations that
have made invaluable contributions to the development Stage 2 of the Municipal Energy Plan (MEP):

Algoma Power Inc.
o Tim Lavoie, Regional Manager & Director of Northern Development, Algoma Power Inc.
o Chantal Dube-Tarabas, Records Technician, Algoma Power Inc.
o Jody Tait, Energy Conservation Advisor, Algoma Power Inc.

Municipality of Wawa
o Chris Wray, CAO, Municipality of Wawa
o Jason Morrison, IT&I Director, Municipality of Wawa
o Anders Dereski, GIS Technician Municipality of Wawa

Wawa Energy Plan Committee
o Maury O’Neill, CEO, Economic Development Corporation of Wawa
o Emily Cormier, Energy Project Manager, Economic Development Corporation of Wawa
o Jessie Labonte, Executive Assistant, Economic Development Corporation of Wawa
o Jim McHardy, Wawa Energy Plan Committee Chair
o Ron Rody, Mayor, Municipality of Wawa
o Yvan Besner, Councillor, Municipality of Wawa
o Chris Wray, CAO, Municipality of Wawa,
o Jason Morrison, Director IT&I, Municipality of Wawa
o Karry Anne Campbell, Ministry of Natural Resources & Forestry
o Andy Stevens, Chair of the EDC of Wawa
o Mike Abbot, Citizen Representative
o Jody Tait, Energy Conservation Advisor at Algoma Power
o Russell Reid, Executive Director, Regional Employment Help Centre
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Executive Summary
This document reports on the Stage 2: Baseline Energy Study (BLS) and Energy Map phase of the Wawa
Municipal Energy Plan (MEP) for the Municipality of Wawa. The report was prepared by the Economic
Development Corporation (EDC) of Wawa with the assistance of the Municipality of Wawa and the
Wawa Energy Plan Committee.
The goal of the BLS was to measure how and where energy is used within the municipality and to
analyze opportunities for energy reduction. Wawa’s electricity is predominantly obtained from
renewable sources, with the majority coming from hydroelectricity and the remainder from solar. Two
sets of data were obtained for this stage 2 of the Wawa MEP.
Firstly, the EDC of Wawa sought the participation of the local distribution company, Algoma Power Inc.
(API) to provide energy consumption data for electricity use in Wawa. It must be noted that this is the
only consumption data that was provided for the municipality as a whole. As well, due to organizational
changes within API, full consumption data was only available for the years of 2013 and 2014. Therefore,
the baseline year for all data analysis for this report is 2013, with 2014 as the comparative year.
Secondly, consumption data for municipal buildings for electricity, fuel oil and propane were provided.
Greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) were calculated from the electrical data by sector (Municipal,
Commercial and Residential) as well as the Municipal building data for electricity, propane and fuel oil.
To further substantiate findings, analytics from water consumption and weather trends were also
analyzed.
KEY FINDINGS

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


OPPORTUNITIES 
BARRIERS


PRIORITIES
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

Overall electrical consumption in Wawa increased 14% from 2013 and 2014.
The residential sector in Wawa consumes the most electricity and create the
most electrical GHGs.
Highest Consumption buildings for the Municipality are the: Water Treatment
Plant, Michipicoten Memorial Community Centre and Town Hall.
Total heating degree days in Wawa increased 9% from 2013 to 2014; cooling
degree days decreased 72% (Note: Extremely cold winter in 2014 was a factor).
Wawa residents consume three times more water than the average Canadian.
Opportunities for Residential and Municipal Building Reduction for both
energy consumption and GHGs
Encourage a culture of conservation
Lack of access to consumption numbers for residential fuel oil, propane,
biomass and transportation volume data
Aging infrastructure
Capital cost of upgrades
Decreasing population (increasing number of those on fixed income (Seniors))
Educating residents about energy efficiency building programs and renewable
energy options
Incentives and subsidies showing Return on Investment (ROI) to encourage
adoption of energy conservation initiatives (both behavioral changes and
technological upgrades)
Information regarding programs and funding for community conservation
projects and initiatives
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The information gathered in the energy mapping phase will help shape the final Wawa MEP. This phase
was highly interactive and required collaboration from a variety of stakeholders to ensure data
collection and energy mapping tasks were completed. Aggressive efforts were required to obtain all
energy data for the community; however, complete data was not obtained for fuel oil, biomass and
propane used for home heating. Furthermore, transportation data was limited to only the total cost of
fuel for the Municipal fleet of vehicles. Efforts to acquire a more comprehensive baseline of energy
consumed in Wawa will be maintained throughout the remainder of this project.
Core recommendations include preparing an action plan to advance energy efficiency, continuing to
improve local energy information, investing resources and knowledge to advance energy efficiency,
creating an inventory of transportation fuel consumption and emission figures and recycling
endeavours. Investigating opportunities for all municipal buildings, in particular the highest users to
reduce costs associated to energy consumption are highly recommended. As well, an inventory of
conservation programs and grants/subsidies for the municipality and residents will be compiled and
used in the final stage of the energy plan. Aging infrastructure, an increase in the aging population and
high costs of capital investment associated to upgrades make certain conservation initiatives out of
reach to Wawa.
It is important to understand that a unique component of the Wawa MEP is that implementation has
been an ongoing component of the project since its launch in October 2014. A core competency
identified in Stage 1 of the plan was education and awareness. Numerous education and research
initiatives were conducted by members of the Wawa Energy Plan committee to further awareness of
opportunities available in the energy conservation field. As well, 11 public engagement activities were
conducted over the past six months to encourage a culture of conservation within the community.
These events were supported by 13 communication material releases advertising the Wawa MEP and
what locals can do to reduce their energy consumption and costs. A focus and celebration of small
changes will continue to be emphasized throughout the remainder of this project to encourage a culture
of conservation within the community.
Continued stakeholder engagement will take a multifaceted approach in order to address the needs and
wants of stakeholders. As before, an emphasis on email and social media will be provided, however in
person presentations will also be conducted. In particular, in the autumn of 2015 a week long event
entitled “Wawa Green Days” will further encourage small initiatives by residents in order to conserve
energy, water, as well as reduce and recycle waste. An opportunity will also be provided for all
stakeholders to attend an open house and participate in the draft action plan and implementation
strategy for the Wawa MEP.
Next steps in the project include: draft action plan and strategy, hold an open house, mid stage review,
review the plan with stakeholders, create a budget, and develop a communication strategy. Continuous
stakeholder engagements will, as always, be an ongoing priority for the remainder of the project.
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Introduction
In response to the increased cost of energy, in particular in Northern Ontario, as well as
recommendations set forth by the Northern Ontario Growth Plan, the Municipality of Wawa (hereafter
referred to as Wawa) received funding from the Ontario Ministry of Energy as well as financial
assistance from the Economic Development Corporation of Wawa and Algoma Power Inc. (API) to
develop a Municipal Energy Plan (MEP) for Wawa.
Several communities were awarded the funding to complete a MEP; however, Wawa stands out as a
unique community for a variety of reasons. Firstly, due to its small population (2,975 residents)
consultations were able to take a more personalized approach throughout the stakeholder engagement
phase. Primary stakeholders were met with on a one-on-one basis and given the opportunity to speak
their minds about some of the barriers and priorities that this energy plan must address. An aggressive
marketing campaign brought forth both awareness and participation for the Wawa Energy Plan Resident
Survey which had as an incentive a draw for a 16 GB iPad Mini for interested participants.
It is anticipated that the Wawa MEP will serve as an example with regards to energy planning for other
Northern communities in the Superior East region of Ontario. With an increasing population of seniors
as well as ageing infrastructure and no plans for further municipal development in the near future, the
cost of energy in this community is an ever increasing problem. As well, there are no natural gas
reservoirs in Wawa, which is a fuel that provides cost savings. The plan seeks to gather insights and
information from stakeholders within the community including residents, in an effort to come up with a
set of short, medium and long term objectives to address the need for energy revitalization in Wawa.
In order to establish context, a definition of municipal energy planning will be provided. The Ministry of
Energy defines a Municipal Energy Plan (MEP) as “a comprehensive plan designed to align the built
environment, energy and land use growth planning to identify the best possible energy efficiency and
green energy options for a community”.1 MEP’s support local conservation and renewable energy
opportunities, regional energy planning and Ontario’s Long-term Energy Plan.
The Wawa MEP is to be completed in three stages over the course of one year. The program stages are:
 Stage 1: Stakeholder Engagement (January 21, 2015)
 Stage 2: Baseline Energy Study (BLS) and Energy Map (July 21, 2015)
 Stage 3: Municipal Energy Plan Development (December 21, 2015)
The goals and objectives of the Wawa Energy Plan include:






Collect community input as a basis for project priorities
Increase Local Jobs and support local economic development
Develop environmental Sustainability and reduce pollution and GHG emissions
Conserve and reduce energy consumption to save money
Increase the local use of Green Energy (i.e. solar, biomass, wind)
Understand what the community priorities are to better allocate resources to future actions.
1
Ontario Ministry of Energy Renewables and Energy Efficiency Division. 2013, October 21. Municipal
Energy Planning. Retrieved from: http://www.energy.gov.on.ca/en/municipal-energy/
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Project Timeline
As described above, the Wawa MEP is a three-tiered project that is to be completed in three steps. Each
step has a mid-stage review component to ensure that the project is on schedule. The following
describes the milestones, key deliverables and timelines involved in the Wawa MEP:
Figure 1: Wawa MEP Project Timeline
The Wawa MEP Stakeholder Engagement stage allowed members of the community to provide insight on
the opportunities and barriers related to energy in Wawa. In order to obtain the most information
possible, for the purpose of the Stakeholder Engagement phase, Energy was not limited to a certain
category. The Wawa Energy Plan will consider all forms of energy including electrical power, heat,
transportation, water and garbage/landfill. The following infographic was provided to stakeholders in the
introductory stage of the project to introduce what elements of energy would be addressed during the
consultation for the stakeholder engagement phase.
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Figure 2: Wawa MEP Areas of Interest
The Wawa MEP Baseline Energy Study and Energy Map measured how and where energy is used within
Wawa and analyzed opportunities for energy reduction. Participation from several key stakeholders
included: Algoma Power Inc., the local electric utilities in providing consumption data and the
Municipality, Northern Information and Technology and Geomatics Cooperative (NITGC) as well as the
Economic Development Corporation of Wawa.
The foundation of the Wawa MEP will utilize the findings from Stage 1 and Stage 2 to identify
opportunities and objectives for the community. The Wawa Community Energy Plan will provide
Municipal Council with a short to long-term plan for managing our community’s energy resources and
consumption.
This report will document the main activities, findings and recommendations identified during Stage 2:
Baseline Energy Study and Energy Maps of the Wawa Energy Plan.
Stage 2: Baseline Energy Study (BLS) and Energy Maps
Background
The goal of the BLS was to measure how and where energy is used within Wawa and analyze
opportunities for energy reduction. The data collection process was a collaborative effort from relevant
stakeholders including the Economic Development Corporation of Wawa, Algoma Power Inc. and the
Municipality of Wawa’s Northern Information Technology and Geomatics Cooperative (NITGC).
Key Stakeholders for Data Collection & Analysis
Economic Development Corporation of Wawa
The Economic Development Corporation (EDC) of Wawa acted as the coordinator to facilitate the data
transfer process between Algoma Power Inc. and the Municipality of Wawa. As well, they performed the
10
analytics regarding consumption figures and created the polygon consumption numbers which were the
baseline for the map development.
Algoma Power Inc.
As indicated in the Stakeholder Engagement phase of the Wawa MEP, Algoma Power Inc. (API) provided
funding for the Wawa MEP valued at $1000.00. They have a representative on the Wawa Energy Plan
Committee (Jody Tait, Energy Conservation Advisor) and are a key stakeholder as the local distribution
company (LDC) in Wawa. As well, numerous collaboration and partnerships have taken place with them
throughout the project as part of the continued stakeholder engagement activities.
They were an integral part in Stage 2 of the Wawa MEP. API provided the Northern Information
Technology and Geomatics Cooperative (NITGC - part of the Municipality of Wawa) and the Economic
Development Corporation of Wawa both with a spreadsheet (to perform consumption metrics and
analysis) and a shapefile (to use for the energy maps). The spreadsheet contained monthly consumption
data in kilowatt hours (kWh) per customer excluding any information that would make a customer
individually identifiable from October 2012 to January 2015. The polygon layer for the shapefile was a
collective effort between the NITGC and API to lump customer types together to ensure reasonable
sector data by customer groupings and maintain individual customer privacy.
Municipality of Wawa (NITGC)
The Northern Information Technology and Geomatics Cooperative (NITGC) offices are part of the
Municipality of Wawa. They developed the energy maps of the electrical consumption data provided by
API. As well, they developed additional maps in the attempt to identify synergies between Municipal
Property Assessment Corporation (MPAC) data for zoning, square footage and year built and the API
electrical consumption data; however, these maps were ultimately not used in this report due to data
inconsistencies. Further detail and analysis regarding final energy maps created pertaining to electrical
consumption only, will be explained in the Energy Mapping section of this report.
Wawa Energy Profile
In Ontario, energy consumption is expected to grow moderately (30%) with the addition of 3.7 million
people over the next 15 years.2 This energy is supplied to the province from a variety of sources and
since deregulation, multiple organizations are involved in getting energy to Ontarians. Three companies
are involved in ensuring that residents and business in Wawa have a reliable supply of energy. They are:
Brookfield Renewable Energy (generates the power through hydroelectric dams within the region),
Great Lakes Power (transmits the electricity through power lines), and Algoma Power Inc. (local
distribution company).
As identified on their corporate website, Brookfield Renewable Energy operates seven hydroelectric
dams within close proximity to Wawa. Table 1 below shows their name and capacity of electricity
production in MW.
2
Province of Ontario’s Long-Term Energy Plan. 2011.
11
Table 1: Hydroelectricity Production and Capacity in the Wawa Region3
Generating Station Name
Steephill Generating Station – Magpie River
Harris Generating Station – Magpie River
Hollingsworth Generating Station – Magpie River
McPhail Generating Station
Mission Generating Station – Magpie River
Scott Falls Generating Station – Michipicoten
River
Valerie Falls Generating Station – Seine River
(closer to Thunder Bay, ON)
Total
Capacity (MW)
16
12
23
13
16
22
10
112
Wawa Area hydroelectric Generating Stations have the potential to generate 112.0 MW at any given
time. Based on total electrical consumption from Algoma Power Inc. for 2013 – the average load on the
Wawa one and two circuits at any given point in the year is 3.35 MW (~ 3% of what is available); the
remaining 97% of Hydro production is being fed to the rest of Ontario. Therefore, it can be inferred that
the majority of Wawa’s electricity source is from mainly renewable sources (predominantly from Hydro
and supplemented by solar (6 municipal buildings are fit with solar panels).
Wawa Energy Consumption Data
Methodology
Energy consumption data was collected including electricity by sector (municipal, residential,
commercial, and industrial), as well as transportation. With regards to home biomass, heating fuel oil
and propane used for home heating, provincial figures were used to determine per capital consumption
and GHG emissions. The base year of 2013 was used for all data analysis with 2014 as the comparative
year. Two sets of consumption data were used for the analysis. For the community as a whole, electrical
consumption data provided by Algoma Power Inc. (API) was analyzed to come up with both
consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission figures. It must be noted that these numbers were
3
Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO). (n.d). Steephill Generating Station (16.0 MW) – Magpie River. Retrieved from
http://www.powerauthority.on.ca/hydroelectric/steephill-generating-station-160-mw-magpie-river
Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO). (n.d). Harris Generating Station (12.0 MW) – Magpie River. Retrieved from
http://www.powerauthority.on.ca/hydroelectric/harris-generating-station-120-mw-magpie-river
Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO). (n.d). Hollingsworth Generating Station (23 MW) - Michipicoten River. Retrieved from
http://www.powerauthority.on.ca/hydroelectric/hollingsworth-generating-station-23-mw-michipicoten-rover
Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO). (n.d). McPhail Generating Station (13.0 MW) - Michipicoten River. Retrieved from
http://www.powerauthority.on.ca/hydroelectric/mcphail-generating-station-130-mw-michipicoten-river
Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO). (n.d). Mission Generating Station (16.0 MW) - Magpie River. Retrieved from
http://www.powerauthority.on.ca/hydroelectric/mission-generating-station-160mw-magpie-river
Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO). (n.d). Scott Falls Generating Station (22.0 MW) - Michipicoten River. Retrieved from
http://www.powerauthority.on.ca/hydroelectric/scott-falls-generating-station-224-mw-michipicoten-river
Brookfield Renewable Energy Partners. (n.d.). Ontario Hydro. Retrieved from http://www.brookfieldrenewable.com/content/ontario30921.html
Algoma Power Consumption Data 2013
Insight gained by EDC through conversation with James McHardy (Former General Manager of Wawa Power (Brookfield Renewable Energy) –
Chair of Wawa Energy Committee, Member of the Economic Development Corporation of Wawa Board)
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also used for the spatial analysis of electrical energy statistics to identify high energy consumption
locations within the municipality. For municipal buildings, data collected by the municipality for
electrical use, fuel oil and propane for heating was used for consumption and GHG figures. As well, total
dollars spent on transportation fuel was acquired for the municipal fleet of vehicles. GHGs were not
calculated for transportation.
Sector Consumption Analysis & Results
API Electrical Data
Algoma Power Inc. (API) provided both the NITGC and the EDC of Wawa a spreadsheet (to perform
consumption metrics and analysis) and a shapefile (to use for the energy maps). The polygon layer for
the shapefile was a collective effort between the NITGC and API to lump customer types together to
ensure reasonable sector data by customer groupings and to maintain individual customer privacy.
The spreadsheet contained monthly consumption data in kilowatt hours (kWh) per customer excluding
any information that would make a customer individually identifiable from October 2012 to January
2015. It must be noted that API uses 7 types of customer codes to describe consumer type. Table 2
below illustrates customer type and a description of what those codes include:
Table 2: Algoma Power Inc. Customer Codes
For the purpose of this report, those customer codes were combined into three distinct sectors in order
to streamline the electrical consumption analysis for Wawa. The chart below displays the sector names
and which API codes were combined in order to establish the category:
Table 3: Wawa Energy Plan Electrical Sectors
Wawa Electrical Sectors
Residential
Commercial
Municipal
API Code Combination
RES, SEASL
GS <50, GS>50, USL, INTERVAL
STLIGHT, Municipal Codes (Note: Municipal
customers were identified in the spreadsheet
provided by API)
13
Figure 3: Wawa Electrical Sector Consumption Breakdown
API Electrical Sector Breakdown
Residential
1305
Commercial
224
Municipal
26
TOTAL
1555
84%
14%
2%
According to the data provided to the EDC of Wawa for this report, API provides electricity to 1555
customers within Wawa. These customers can be divided into three sectors including: residential,
commercial and municipal. Residential consumers are the largest demographic, followed by commercial,
and finally municipal. The following figures outline the consumption for the community with 2013 as the
base year in comparison to 2014.
Figure 4: Wawa Electrical Consumption by Sector for 2013 and 2014
16000000
14000000
12000000
10000000
8000000
6000000
4000000
2000000
0
Residential
2013 KWH
Commercial
Municipal
Residential
Commercial
Municipal
2013 KWH
13, 646,002.12
12, 662,602.23
3, 039,167.39
2014 KWH
As illustrated above, we can see that between 2013 and 2014, there was an increase in electrical
consumption in all sectors. Electrical consumption increase by sector is as follows:
• Residential increased 7.57%
• Commercial increased 18.94%
• Municipal increased 12.96%
14
2014 KWH
14, 679,335
15, 060,320.9
3, 432,989.77
On average, electrical consumption for the community increased by approximately 14%. Highest
consumption occurred in the commercial sector with use of 15,060,320 kWh in 2014. It must be noted;
that the highest increase occurred in the commercial sector closely the municipal sector. These
increases can also be visually observed in the Energy Mapping section (see page 27) where hotspots
within the community are predominantly within the commercial and municipal sectors. Efforts should
be conducted to encourage conservation amongst these users in both the short and long term by
considering both behavioral and technological changes.
The residential sector consumes a considerable amount of electricity in Wawa. Continued efforts on part
of the LDC (API) to encourage education and awareness to what citizens can do to keep their utility bill
low is encouraged. Further workshops and activities in local schools will encourage a conservation
culture in students with the intent that they will bring those teachings with them at home in their daily
life.
Municipal Data
The community of Wawa’s municipal owned buildings use three fuel sources for energy: electricity,
propane and fuel oil. The following chart illustrates the consumption for all three fuel types in all
municipal buildings in 2013 and 2014.
Table 4: Wawa Municipal Building Energy Consumption Data for 2013 and 20144
LOCATION
Town Hall
Magpie Garage
(26 Magpie Rd)
Montreal Garage
Airport Terminal
Airport Tiedowns
Sewage Lagoons
Animal Shelter
Economic
Development
Corporation of
Wawa
Michipicoten
Memorial
Community
Centre
Street Lights
4
2013 KWH
2014 KWH
2013
FUEL
OIL L
465,935
34,005
510,063
36,963
5,250
52,626
868
285,940
9,447
107,995
5,646
51,977
710
261,144
8,014
113,809
1,093,004
1,051,165
293,542
291,862
2014
FUEL
OIL L
14,209
18,905
15,439
16,820
12,427
2013
PROPANE
L
11,020
Data compiled from Wawa Municipal Hydro, Propane and Fuel Oil Records.
15
2014
PROPANE L
1,326
1,220
15,910
14,122
MRV Superior
(341 Superior St.)
MRV Hardy (355
Hardy Ave)
Pinewood Dr
Pump
Landfill
Ski Chalet
Ski Tow
Lions Beach
Marina
Dr. Rose (17
Water Street)
Tourist
Information
Centre
NITGC
Water Treatment
Plant
631 Hwy 17
Garage
Fountain
WTP Solar Panels
Marina Solar
Panels
3 Maple Solar
Panels
Magpie Garage
Solar
Airport Solar
MMCC Solar
TOTAL
4,997
5,649
60,003
64,323
8,016
6,891
11,205
0
0
16,232
73,185
3,389
11,490
0
0
14,780
66,741
1,272
99,015
92,507
139,600
1,172,790
134,758
1,144,671
2,837
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
9
7
0
0
0
3,939,896
0
0
3,874,443
45,088
46,745
12,482
9,729
29,717
25,071
As illustrated in the above chart, the highest municipal building electrical energy users (in order of
highest to lowest) are: the Water Treatment Plant, the Michipicoten Memorial Community Centre and
the Town Hall. All three use electricity, with the Michipicoten Memorial Community Centre also using
propane and fuel oil to supplement its energy supply. The chart below illustrates the three fuel types
and whether they have increased or decreased from 2013 to 2014:
Table 5: Wawa Municipal Building Fuel Consumption Difference from 2013 to 2014
Consumption Change (Δ) Fuel Type
-7.70% Electricity
3.67% Fuel Oil
16
-15.63% Propane
Overall, we see a decrease in electricity and propane use for municipal buildings between 2013 and
2014. The only fuel that increased in consumption was fuel oil at 3.67%. It is obvious that efforts are
being undertaken to conserve energy consumption. An LED lighting project is currently underway to
replace all city street lights with LED bulbs. Still efforts can be continued to be made to further decrease
consumption and therefore the burden on taxpayers. Decisions can be made as to what type of
upgrades and changes can be made to reduce consumption and costs for these buildings. As far as small
changes are concerned behavioural changes within staff can reduce consumption and create savings of
8%5. Improving consumption of energy of these buildings in any capacity, be it changing lightbulbs,
insulation, turning off lights when they are not being used are all ways to create energy savings while
simultaneously reducing the environmental impact of these buildings.
It must be noted, that there are other factors at play with regards to high energy use. Many of the
buildings in Wawa are old due to lack of new development over the years. Before investing in a new
energy system, it is important to consider whether a building is worth it as well as whether or not it is
feasible to front the capital investment. As well, the population in Wawa is decreasing. The population
has decreased 35% from 1996 to 2011 resulting in a lower tax base from which to acquire revenue to
fund projects6. Therefore, looking into programs and initiatives that help finance conservation projects is
highly recommended for the community of Wawa. The following two sections of the report (weather
and water) highlight key figures with regards to these sectors within the community that illustrate and
substantiate the above identified reasons for increased energy consumption.
Weather
Comparing annual energy consumption patterns in Wawa requires a true understanding of external
factors, especially weather. Building heating and cooling are very sensitive to changes in weather, which
can often explain year-to-year fluctuations of energy use by Wawa residents and businesses.
“Wawa has a humid continental climate that is significantly moderated by Lake Superior.
Winters are cold and snowy with heavy snowfalls averaging over 319 centimetres
(126 inches) due to lake effect snow from Lake Superior and cold air from the northwest
passes over the warmer lake. Summers are cool and mild due to cool, dry air masses from
the northwest and the cooling of warm air from the south as it passes Lake Superior. As a
result, temperatures above 30 °C (86.0 °F) are rare. August is the warmest month with a
high of 20.8 °C (69.4 °F) and a low of 9.8 °C (49.6 °F), showing a slight seasonal lag. The
average annual precipitation is 970 millimetres (38 in), which is relatively evenly distributed
throughout the year.”7
5
Remeikis, A. (June 25, 2015). Wawa LAS Employee Engagement and Energy Awareness Workshop.
KPMG. (31 December, 2013). Corporation of the Municipality of Wawa. Municipal Asset Management
Plan. Retrieved from http://www.wawa.cc/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/2013-Wawa-Asset-ManagementPlan.pdf
6
"Wawa Airport". Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010. Environment Canada. Retrieved from:
http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1981_2010_e.html?stnID=4099&autofwd=1
7
17
Reviewing heating degree days (days with an average temperature less than 18ºC) and cooling degree
days (days with an average temperature greater than 18ºC) can help explain energy demand trends. If
outdoor temperatures remained at a constant 18ºC, it is estimated that no energy would be needed to
maintain indoor temperatures. As temperatures move from this level, heating and cooling energy use is
increased. The following table looks at the total heating degrees and cooling degree days in 2013 and
compares them to 2014.
Table 6: Monthly Degree Day Comparison in Wawa for 2013 and 2014
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Annual Total
Monthly Degree Day Comparison (Station : WAWA)8
Base Year (2013)
Comparison Year (2014)
Comparison Percentages
Heating Cooling Total Degree
HDD
CDD
TDD
HDD
CDD
TDD
Degree
Degree
Day
Days
Days
(TDD)
(HDD)
(CDD)
803
0
803
992
0
992
23%
23%
793
0
793
916
0
916
15%
15%
727
0
727
901
0
901
23%
23%
519
0
519
512
0
512
-1%
-1%
245
2
247
273
0
273
11%
10%
107
11
118
100
12
112
-6%
-5%
52
48
100
114
5
119
119%
19%
60
28
88
63
9
72
5%
-18%
167
5
172
164
1
165
-1%
-4%
325
0
325
350
0
350
7%
7%
553
0
553
622
0
622
12%
12%
883
0
883
698
0
698
-20%
-20%
5,234
94
5,328
5,705
27
5,732
9%
-71%
8%
From the information above, it is clear to see that 2014 was cooler than 2013, both overall and in most
months. In addition, it was also cooler than average relative to other years. Heating degree days were
9% higher in 2014 at 5,234 versus 5,705 in 2013. Consequently, cooling degree days was significantly
lower in 2014, dropping 71% between 2013 and 2014. It must be noted that the summer of 2014 was
extremely cold. This can be substantiated by looking at the average daily temperatures in Wawa below:
8
Weather Data Depot. Average Daily Temperature (Station: WAWA). Retrieved from
http://www.weatherdatadepot.com/
18
Table 7: Average Temperature in Wawa in 2013 and 20149
Year
2013
2014
Jan
-7
-14
Feb
-10
-14
Mar
-5
-11
Apr
0
0
May
10
9
Jun
14
15
Jul
17
14
Aug
16
16
Sep
12
12
Oct
7
6
Nov
0
-2
Dec
-10
-4
When factoring weather into the analysis of electricity consumption, which increased by 14% in 2014, it
is reasonable to assume that weather had a significant impact on electrical consumption in 2014
compared to 2013. There was an increased demand for building heat almost every month.
Water
Wawa is in a unique situation when it comes to water access and consumption. The community is
situated on the shores of Wawa Lake and is a short distance from Lake Superior, the largest fresh water
lake in North America. Being surrounded by water has led to a culture of high water consumption in
Wawa leading to a higher use of water per person. Canada has one-fifth of the world’s fresh water
supply and average water usage per capita is approximately 326 litres per day.10 A water filtration plant
was constructed based on water demand in Wawa of 700 litres per capita per day, not the 900 plus per
capita per day it now stands at.11 Therefore, on a per capita basis, Wawa residents use approximately
three times more water than the average Canadian. As well, it must be noted that overall average
monthly consumption of water in Wawa is on the rise. The table below illustrates this increase.
Table 8: Wawa Total Consumption (m3) of Water 2013 & 2014 Comparison
MONTH
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
MONTH
September
October
M3 2013
63,411
60,856
66,891
65,175
58,312
53,789
51,893
45,170
M3 2013
43,903
43,732
M3 2014
69,318
65,980
82,041
78,878
66,874
53,191
48,466
48,575
M3 2014
44,784
45,734
DIFFERENCE
9.32%
8.42%
22.65%
21.02%
14.68%
-1.11%
-6.60%
7.54%
DIFFERENCE
2.01%
4.58%
9
10
Public Works and Government Services. (2014, November 20). The Environmentally Responsible
Construction and Renovation Handbook: Chapter 6 – Water Conservation. Retrieved from:
http://www.tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca/biens-property/gd-env-cnstrctn/page-6-eng.html
11
Mills, S., (2008, September 8). Wawa uses way too much water: report. The Sault Star. Retrieved from:
http://www.saultstar.com/2008/09/08/wawa-uses-way-too-much-water-report
19
November
December
TOTALS
43,361
57,147
653,640
55,693
70,694
730,227
28.44%
23.71%
11.72%
Average consumption of water in Wawa increased 11.72% from 2013 to 2014. November of 2014 saw
the largest increase of 29% from 2013 to 2014.
To address the excessive and increasing use of water, a project installing water meters in every business
and residence in Wawa was completed in 2014. Partnering with Algoma Power, the Municipality of
Wawa is now collecting usage data that will be used to develop a rate structure for future water and
sewer rates in Wawa.
“The goal of the installation of the water meters is two-fold: first to allow the conservation of water by
allowing the Municipality, its business and residents to monitor their water use and second to develop a
rate structure that is guided by the volume of water use.”12
It must be noted that “prior to the installation of the water meters, by-passes were installed in homes
that run bleeders in the winter months. These diminish the municipality’s ability to compare metered
consumption against volume delivered from the water treatment plant.”13 The by-passes were required
due to a past decision of municipal waterlines not being buried deep enough. By-passes were then
required to be installed to prevent freeze up in the winter months. As indicated in the Weather portion
of this report, an increase in days that require heating indicates longer and colder winters over the past
couple of years. This must be factored into the reasoning as to why bypasses must be kept on for longer
and is another reason why water consumption is abnormally high in Wawa.
Though the by-passes are useful in the sense that they prevent freezing, there is a question concerning
leaks. “The Municipality has conducted two leak detection tests in the past ten years. Water is being
used by the water by-passes and even by some residences outside of the time that the Municipality
requests that they be turned on. It was explained that at 60 psi (the water pressure) a 1/15” leak will
over a 3 month period waste an incredible 74,000 gallons of water”14. Due diligence on the part of the
home and/or business owner will identify whether or not there is a leak if no water use occurs and
meter numbers increase.
In summary, the excessive water consumption is two-fold. Firstly, water meters will help address the
need for awareness with regards to consumption and encourage behavioral change on the part of both
businesses and home owners. The up-front capital costs of upgrading the waterline infrastructure is not
feasible for the community at present, as well the bypasses keep lines from freezing in the winter,
without which could lead to numerous costly renovations. They are necessary, in particular due to the
12
Wray, Chris. (2015, May 1). LED Lighting and Water Meter Update. Retrieved from:
http://edcwawa.ca/from-the-desk-of-the-cao-of-the-municipality-of-wawa/
13
Municipality of Wawa Water Division Infrastructure Services. (2014, February). Wawa Drinking Water
Systems Annual and Summary Reports for 2013. Retrieved from: http://www.wawa.cc/wpcontent/uploads/2012/07/2013-Annual-and-Summary-Water-Reports.pdf
14
Grundt, B. (2012, October 15). Water Meters. wawanews.com. Retrieved from: http://www.wawanews.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=16533:water-meters&catid=177:2012
20
long cold winters experienced in Wawa. Individuals should contact the municipality if their water meters
do not match consumption. Increased education and awareness with regards to water conservation best
practices would encourage a more sustainable culture within the community.
Transportation
In Wawa, outbound trips to destinations outside of the community account for the majority of total
vehicle kilometres travelled and contribute to a large proportion of fuel used for transportation. Most of
these trips are related to employment as well as travel to larger metropolises nearby in particular Sault
Ste. Marie, Timmins and Thunder Bay. As well, due to its location off of Highway 17 Wawa is often used
as a refueling station for individuals passing through with another final destination. Moreover, due to
harsh cold winters, vehicle idling is common in order to warm up vehicles and keep them warm while
going into stores, resulting in higher emissions. Reduction of trip frequency and length is not likely due
to no prospects for major economic developments within the community. There is a bus for local transit
which is most useful for individuals who do not own an automobile. There is no record of kilometers for
transportation on record for this community; opportunities exist for exploration into car sharing and
pooling for individuals travelling to similar destinations.
A comprehensive inventory of transportation fuel consumption data for the Municipality of Wawa by
sector was unsuccessful to obtain in this phase of the plan. There are four gasoline retailers within the
city including:
 SPG Gas Bar, 75 Mission Rd., Wawa, ON
 Esso (Young’s General Store); 111 Mission Rd., Wawa, ON
 Petro Can. 137 Mission Rd., Wawa, ON
 Esso (Donald L. Davidson Fuels); 54 Pinewood Dr., Wawa, ON
All gasoline retailers were contacted in Stage 1 of the Wawa MEP to conduct an interview regarding
their insights with regards to opportunities and objectives to be researched in the plan. As well, this was
the initial contact to start the process for gathering sales volume data for the transportation data
inventory. Multiple attempts to contact local fuel retailers were unsuccessful and illustrate an
unwillingness to provide sales volume information unless it is mandated on a policy level. No figures
were obtained with regards to total volume of fuel consumed on a residential level. Discussion with
other MEP applicants and the city of London who did create a transportation consumption data
inventory in their energy plan resulted in the Kent Group Ltd. being contacted for a quote to obtain the
fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) data for the Municipality of Wawa. Kent
Marketing Services is a division of the Kent Group that provides objective, verifiable, complete and
accurate sales volume information on the retail gasoline and diesel fuel industry15. They have conducted
inventories for other municipalities in Northern Ontario, including the city of Sault Ste. Marie.
Depending on the feasibility of both costs and timelines provided in the quote (which has yet to be
received), an inventory of the transportation data for Wawa will be included in the final phase of the
Wawa MEP as an appendix.
It must be noted; however, that a broad overview regarding costs for fuel spent on the Municipal fleet
of vehicles was obtained for this phase of the project. According to the Municipality of Wawa Budget
15
The Kent Group Ltd. (n.d). Retrieved from: https://www.kentgroupltd.com/petroleum-volume-data/
21
2015, the city maintains a fleet of 38 vehicles (note some of these vehicles may be since retired since
the writing of this report). The vehicles include a variety of makes and models from small engines,
trailers, automobiles and heavy equipment. According to the 2015 Municipal Budget, total gas costs for
the municipal fleet was $173, 362.00. Fuel costs increased 15% from the $151,376.00 spent on gas in
201316. No record of total kilometers consumed for vehicles in Wawa was obtained for this report. In
order to obtain GHG estimates either fuel litre volume or kilometres recorded for fuel must be recorded.
Additional efforts will continue to be made throughout the remainder of the duration of the Wawa MEP
to obtain transportation data for the community. Below are recommendations for facilitating the
collection process.
Recommendations:
 Hold a teleconference for all MEP applicants to discuss barriers and successes (if any) in
obtaining transportation consumption data on a municipal level in order to create a lessons
learned document for future applicants and municipalities interested in creating their own
transportation data inventory in order to create a more comprehensive collection of GHG
emissions.
 Obtain a quote from Kent Marketing to assess feasibility of creating an inventory of sales
volume from Wawa retail gasoline and diesel fuel suppliers. Cost and timelines will be
determinants in whether or not this is a priority for the Municipality of Wawa.
 Record kilometers for municipal fleet vehicles in order to create a more complete inventory of
use and GHG emissions.
 Look into the logistics and feasibility regarding conducting a residential survey for fuel
consumption to obtain volume and GHG figures for the residents of Wawa.
Green House Gas Emissions
Methodology
GHG Emissions were calculated for electricity by sector and for municipal buildings in Wawa by
multiplying the energy consumed by each building with a GHG coefficient, provided by the Ministry of
Energy from Environment Canada. A GHG coefficient relates to the amount of GHGs that are produced
by a specific energy consumption process in the form of GHG/unit of energy or (kg CO2 / kWh). For
municipal buildings, GHG coefficients were calculated for electricity consumption, fuel oil and propane.
Table 9 lists the GHG coefficients that were used for this report.
16
Wray, Chris. 2015, June 3. The Municipality of Wawa Budget 2015. Prepared for the Corporation of the
Municipality of Wawa.
22
Table 9: Environment Canada Greenhouse Gas Emission Coefficients17
Energy Type
Electricity
Fuel Oil
Propane
Wood
Unit of Measure
kWh
Litre
Litre
Tonne
kGHG Coefficient
0.076012
2.7351560
1.5409840
860.4900000
Results
Wawa Electrical Green House Gas Emissions (Based on Algoma Power Electrical Consumption Data)
The following table illustrates the total GHGs emitted from each sector of electrical consumption in
Wawa and the difference between 2013 and 2014 from the data supplied by Algoma Power Inc.
Table 10: Wawa Electrical Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Sector in 2013 and 2014
KWH to GHG Conversion
SECTOR
2013 kGHG
Residential
1, 037,260
Commercial
962,510
Municipal
231,013
2014 kGHG
1, 115,806
1, 144,765
260,948
Change (Δ)
7.57%
18.94%
12.96%
Similarly to the consumption figures, commercial electricity users GHGs increased the most in Wawa at
1,144,765 kilograms in 2014, approximately a 20% increase from emissions in 2013. The second highest
emitter was the residential sector which created 1,115,806 kilograms of GHGs in 2014, which was an 8%
increase from emissions in 2013. This further substantiates the need for continued efforts in increasing
education and awareness for residential energy users in Wawa and what they can do to decrease both
consumption and GHG emissions with regards to electricity.
Municipal Green House Gas Emissions (based on Municipal Energy Consumption Data)
The Municipality of Wawa uses three fuel types for municipal buildings including: electricity, fuel oil and
propane. Wawa has 26 electricity accounts for municipal buildings, plus 6 solar panel installation
accounts. As of 2014, 21 accounts plus the 6 solar accounts were still consuming electricity. They are:
















40 Broadway
Magpie Garage (Public Works)
Magpie Garage (Public Works)
Airport Terminal
Airport Tiedowns
Sewage Lagoons
Animal Shelter
96 Broadway
17
Michipicoten Memorial Community Centre
Street Lights
MRV Pumphouse (Superior)
MRV Watertower (Hardy)
Pinewood Dr Pump
Landfill
Lions Beach
Marina
Supplied by Julie Greenspoon from the Ministry of Energy (coefficients established by Environment
Canada)
23



Dr. Rose Beach House
Tourist Information Centre

Northern Information Technology and
Geomatics Cooperative (3 Maple Dr.)
Water Treatment Plant
Solar
 Water Treatment Panels
 Marina Solar Panels
 3 Maple Solar Panels
 Magpie Garage Solar Panels
 Airport Solar Panels
 Michipicoten Memorial Community Centre Solar
Three buildings use fuel oil, they are:
 Airport
 Michipicoten Memorial Community Centre
 Public Works
Three buildings use propane are:
 Michipicoten Memorial Community Centre
 Northern Information Technology and Geomatics Cooperative (NITGC)
 96 Broadway (Economic Development Corporation of Wawa)
Table 11: Municipal Fuel GHG Change from 2013 to 2014
Fuel Type
Electricity (kWh)
Fuel Oil (l)
Propane (l)
TOTAL
2013
3,939,889
42,076
29,717
kGHG
299,479
115,083
45,794
460,356
2014
3,874,476
46,745
25,071
kGHG
294,507
127,854
38,634
460,995
Δ kGHG
-1.66%
11.10%
-15.63%
-6.20%
Overall, we see a decrease of 6.20% in terms of GHG emissions for the city of Wawa’s fuel consumption.
In particular, electrical GHG decreased approximately 2% and propane GHGs decreased 16%. That being
said, some buildings did increase overall GHG emissions. In particular the buildings that utilize fuel oil
saw an increase in consumption and GHGs of 11.10%. The following are buildings that increased:
Table 12: Municipal Buildings GHG Increase from 2013 to 2014
BUILDING
Magpie Garage
MRV Pump house (Superior)
40 Broadway
Airport Terminal
Magpie Garage Pumps
MRV Water tower (Hardy)
96 Broadway
BUILDING
Landfill
Difference
31.53%
13.05%
9.47%
8.06%
7.54%
7.20%
2.73%
Difference
2.54%
24
The Magpie Garage saw the largest increase in GHG emissions from 2013 to 2014. Followed by the MRV
Pump house on Superior and the municipal offices on 40 Broadway. The above mentioned buildings are
prime candidates for both behavioral changes and technological upgrades with regards to energy
conservation.
Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Estimates
It must be noted that this section of the Baseline Energy Study and Energy Map Report is based purely
on estimates and must not be duplicated for any means. As outlined in the MEP guideline, the purpose
of this report is to create a profile of how energy is supplied and distributed within the community,
therefore estimates were required in order to create as comprehensive of a profile as possible. The
purpose of this section is to provide a rough outline of other fuel consumption and emissions within
Wawa. It will highlight the need for efforts to be made to create an inventory of all fuels consumed
within the community in order to clearly understand which fuels are used the most to substantiate
recommendations for energy consumption and emission reductions.
With regards to energy consumption, this report contains a comprehensive overview of electrical
consumption in Wawa and electrical, propane and fuel oil consumption for municipal owned buildings.
It must be noted; however, that there are other fuel types used for heating within the community
including: biomass for heating, propane for residential heating and fuel oil for residential heating. In an
attempt to acquire an estimate of what consumption and emissions entail for these sectors, this report
contains per capita figures for biomass, fuel oil and propane for home heating based on provincial
averages obtained from the Ministry of Energy and the Northeast Superior Regional Energy Industry
Profile. Calculations were conducted using the province of Ontario’s population and Wawa’s population
in 2011. According to the 2011 Census, Ontario’s population in 2011 was 4,887,508 and Wawa’s was
2,975. In an email obtained from the Ministry of Energy, there were 576,000,000 litres of light fuel oil
consumed in the residential and commercial sectors in 2013. As for propane, 841,000,000 litres were
consumed in the residential and commercial sectors in 2013. These consumption figures were divided by
Ontario’s population to obtain a per capita figure of consumption. The following table illustrates the
above described factors and associated GHG coefficients for fuel oil and propane in Wawa:
25
Table 13: Wawa Fuel Oil and Propane Consumption Estimate Factors
Wawa Energy Estimate Factors
4,887,508
Ontario Population in 201118
576,000,000 Light Fuel Oil Consumption in Residential and Commercial Sectors in 201319
841,000,000 Propane Consumption in Residential and Commercial Sectors in 201320
2,975
Wawa Population in 201121
2.73516
Fuel Oil kGHG Coefficient
1.54098
Propane kGHG Coefficient
The following calculations illustrate the fuel oil and propane consumption and GHG emissions for fuel in
Wawa based on the factors described above:
Fuel Oil Calculations
576,000,000 / 4,887,508 = 117.851 Litres of Fuel Oil consumed per capita in Ontario in 2013
117,851 * 2,975 = 350,608 Litres of Fuel Oil consumed in Wawa in 2013
350,608 * 2.73516 = 958,968 kGHG from Fuel Oil in Wawa in 2013
Propane Calculations
841,000,000 / 4,887,508 = 172.071 Litres of Propane consumed per capita in Ontario in 2013
172,071 * 2,975 = 511,912 Litres of Propane consumed per capital in Wawa in 2013
511,912 * 1.54098 = 788,849 kGHG from Propane in Wawa in 2013
The above calculations are empirical, and based on provincial averages. They show that propane is
consumed more than fuel oil; however, in Wawa that is not the case – fuel oil is consumed more than
propane. In order to obtain a more accurate calculation, additional efforts to create a concrete survey
regarding residential fuel consumption must be done or policy changed at a govenrmental level to make
Statistics Canada. 2012. Wawa, Ontario (Code 3557075) and Algoma, Ontario (Code 3557) (table).
Census Profile. 2011 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-XWE. Ottawa. Released October 24,
2012. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/censusrecensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E
18
19
Insight gained by Economic Development Corporation of Wwa through an email from Bill Greenizan
(Senior Advisor, Energy Markets Section, Ministry of Energy) and Spencer Knipping (Analyst, Ministry of
Energy).
20
Energy).
21
26
this information more accessible. Not only would this change benefit further energy studies, but it
would faciliate energy decisions for consumers when deciding whether to change fuels and looking at
both factors of cost and emissions.
The following portion of the estimate section of this report is with regards to Biomass. Figures were
obtained from the Northeast Superior Regional Energy Industry Profile created by Suthey Holler
Associates in 2011.
Table 14: Wawa Biomass Consumption Estimate Factors
Wawa Biomass Estimate Factors22
30% Wawa homes use wood for heating
1300 Houses in Wawa
3.9 Tonnes of wood consumed per house
860.4900000 kGHG coefficient for wood
The following calculations illustrate the biomass consumption and GHG emissions in Wawa based on the
factors described above:
Biomass Calculations
1300 * 0.3 = 390 homes consumed wood in Wawa in 2011
390 * 3.9 = 1,521 tonnes of wood consumed in Wawa in 2011
1,521 * 860.49 = 1,308,805 kGHG from wood in 2011
Similarly to the above estimates regarding propane and fuel oil, a more comprehensive inventory of
biomass used for home heating must be undertaken to create a better understanding of consumption
and emissions from this fuel source.
It is recommended that in order to create a more concrete inventory of all consumption, costs and
emissions from energy within Wawa, a survey be conducted door to door to all residents, organizations
and businesses located within the community in an attempt to establish a complete energy profile. In
order to do this, cooperation from residents, and the private and public sector alike would be required.
As this is sensitive and personal information, it can be infered that change at a governmental level would
be required to facilitate this process. Policy change mandating action with regards to records
management and proper monitoring of consumption and emissions in all sectors within a community
would also increase the effectiveness and efficiency of this process.
22
Suthey Holler Associates. (2011). Northeast Superior Regional Energy Industry Profile. Retrieved from
http://nsfc.mosaicmediagroup.com/files/Library/Energy/20102011%20Project%2023%20Alternative%20Energy%20Study%20Asset%20Profile%20Report.pdf
27
Energy Mapping
Methodology
As part of the requirements for Stage 2 of the Wawa MEP, spatial analysis of energy consumption
statistics within the municipality was conducted with the intent to identify opportunities for energy
conservation. The data used for this exercise was supplied by API to the Northern Information
Technology and Geomatics Cooperative (NITGC - part of the Municipality of Wawa) and the Economic
Development Corporation of Wawa. Both organizations were provided with a spreadsheet (to perform
consumption metrics and analysis) and a shape file (to use for the energy maps). The spreadsheet
contained monthly consumption data in kilowatt hours (kWh) per customer excluding any information
that would make a customer individually identifiable from October 2012 to January 2015. In order to
have complete data, the years 2013 and 2014 were chosen for analysis as 2012 and 2015 did not contain
full annual data. The polygon layer for the shape file was a collective effort between the EDC, the NITGC
and API to lump customer types together to ensure reasonable sector data by customer groupings and
maintain individual customer privacy. In total, 88 polygons were created with varying numbers of
customers per polygon. See Appendix A for a chart that illustrates polygon number and average kWh for
2013 and 2014. For a map of the polygons only see Appendix B. Annual averages for 2013 and 2014
were calculated per polygon for the Municipality of Wawa and the Michipicoten River Village in order to
identify energy consumption hotspots within the community. The following is the scale used to classify
energy consumption in the polygons:
Average KWH
0.0 – 652.0 (Low)
653 – 929.0 (Medium Low)
930 – 1492.0 (Medium)
1943 – 4296.0 (Medium High)
4297 – 30912.1 (High)
It must be noted that additional maps were created for polygons by season; however for the purpose of
this report only annual averages per polygon will be analyzed. See Appendix C for Wawa Electrical
Seasonal Breakdown. Moreover, an attempt was made to create further maps using Wawa Municipal
Property Assessment Corporation (MPAC) data to look for synergies with energy consumption and year
built, zoning and square footage of building. Due to inconsistencies within the data these maps were not
included in the analysis. The following pages show four maps that were used for the energy mapping
exercise. They illustrate average kWh in Wawa and the Michipicoten River Village (MRV) for 2013 and
2014. Following the maps will be a summation of key findings.
28
Wawa MEP Energy Maps
1. Average Kilowatt Hours 2013 Wawa
29
2. Average Kilowatt Hours 2014 Wawa
30
3. Average Kilowatt Hours 2013 MRV
31
4. Average Kilowatt Hours 2014 MRV
32
Results
Overall electrical consumption in all sectors in Wawa increased 14% from 2013 to 2014. Commercial and
industrial use increased the most, followed by municipal increase. If we look at the energy maps for
Wawa, we can clearly see that the highest energy users in 2013 stayed the same into 2014. These users
fell predominantly within the municipal, industrial and commercial sectors. In an attempt to address
consumption reduction, the local distribution company, Algoma Power Inc. has a variety of cost and
conservation programs available. One in particular is the Small Business Lighting Program in Wawa. As of
January 1, 2015, there were 281 properties within Wawa that were eligible for the Small Business
Lighting program. 112 of those have taken part. The consumer’s designation with API has to be General
Service less than 50 kWh of use. The program is only being offered until September 30, 2015 and efforts
are being made by API to ensure that those that haven’t taken advantage of the program do23. Initiatives
like this will help the commercial, industrial and municipal sectors alike reduce consumption and costs
for electricity. It must be noted that there are also residential programs available from API that are
advertised within the community.
With the municipal, commercial and industrial sectors being high energy users, as well as those whose
consumption is increasing the most they are all prime candidates for energy conservation programs as
well as renewable energy pilots. Overall electrical consumption in the Michipicoten River Village (MRV)
as identified in this map increased 4% from 2013 to 2014. Findings are similar to those in the Wawa
maps.
For Algoma Power’s customers, exact information cannot be provided on which commercial and
industrial properties are the highest users. With regards to municipal buildings, please see the Municipal
Energy Consumption breakdown in this report for details pertaining to which buildings use the highest
amounts of energy. Continued effort on the part of API to encourage energy conservation programs and
cost savings will be helpful to large energy users. With the impediment due to high capital costs for
infrastructure improvement, subsidies and grants are recommended to encourage further adoption of
retrofit and conservation measures for commercial, industrial and municipal users. Should the
municipality wish to commit to monitoring conservation efforts on the part of community, follow – up
with a similar exercise regarding electrical consumption should be conducted within five years. Efforts
into further exploration with regards to alternative energy sources (i.e. biomass, liquefied natural gas
and solar) should be encouraged for these high consumers. With regards to residents, as indicated in
Stage 1 of the Wawa Energy Plan, continued efforts to increase education and awareness with regards
to energy conservation should be encouraged.
In summary, the energy mapping exercise is limited to electrical consumption only. As well, due to
privacy of API customers individual buildings cannot be identified. In order to create a more complete
energy profile, all community electric, propane, wood, fuel oil and alternative energy consumption must
be captured and mapped to see which fuels are the highest in demand.
23
Insight obtained from conversation with Jody Tait, Energy Conservation Advisor, Algoma Power Inc.
33
Phase 1 & 2 Integration for Plan Development
As previously mentioned, the Wawa MEP is a three tiered project with a completion date of December
2015 for the final plan. Stage 1: Stakeholder Engagement was predominantly qualitative in nature and
resulted in a set of conservation objectives and opportunities from a series of consultations conducted
in and around the community of Wawa. The table below illustrates the key findings from the
Stakeholder Engagement Stage of the Wawa MEP:
















BENEFITS
OPPORTUNITIES
BARRIERS
PRIOROITIES
Education & Awareness
Reduce Consumption to Save Money
Green Energy Project Development
Conservation Alternatives
Lower Dependency on the grid
Recycling Initiatives
Increase use of Renewable Energy
Feasibility studies for renewables
Grid Constraints & Capital Costs
Remote Location
Declining & Aging Population
Lack of knowledge
Continued Stakeholder Engagement
Conduct Renewable Research
Incentives & Subsidies
Education & Awareness
Stage 2: Baseline Energy Study and Energy Map production was both quantitative and qualitative in
nature and resulted in a set of key findings, opportunities, barriers and priorities based on the 6 month
data collection and analysis process. The chart below illustrates the key findings from the Energy Study
of the Wawa MEP:
KEY FINDINGS




OPPORTUNITIES 
BARRIERS
PRIORITIES





Overall electrical consumption in Wawa increased 14% from 2013 and 2014
Highest Consumption buildings for the Municipality are the: Water Treatment
Plant, Michipicoten Memorial Community Centre and Town Hall
Total heating degree days in Wawa increased 9% from 2013 to 2014; cooling
degree days decreased 72% (Note: Extremely cold winter in 2014 was a factor)
Wawa residents consume three times more water than the average Canadian
citizen
Opportunities for Municipal Building Reduction for both energy consumption
and GHGs
Encourage a culture of conservation
Aging infrastructure
Capital cost of upgrades
Decreasing population (increasing number of those on fixed income (Seniors))
Educating residents about energy efficiency building programs and renewable
energy options
34

Incentives and subsidies showing Return on Investment (ROI) to encourage
adoption of energy conservation initiatives (both behavioral changes and
technological upgrades)
Further analysis will be done to construct an action plan and implementation strategy regarding
community needs, wants and energy consumption facts to create the final Wawa MEP.
As well, it must be noted that throughout Stage 2, a considerable amount of educational research
regarding projects, lessons learned, pilots, and funding for implementing energy projects was conducted
in preparation for developing a more feasible and relatable action plan for Stage 3 of the Wawa MEP.
The following is a comprehensive list of all educational and research oriented events that were attended
through Stage 2:
TASK
Transportation
Webinar
LOCATION / METHOD
Online WebEX
DATE
February 18, 2015
Municipal Working
Group Call, Ontario
Caucus
Online WebEx /
Teleconference
March 4, 2015
Wisconsin State Wide
Energy Team Webinar:
Commercial Project
Examples & Economics
Online WebEx /
Teleconference
March 11, 2015
35
DESCRIPTION
Collaborative webinar
between the Ministry
of Energy and the
Ministry of
Transportation for MEP
applicants and
acquiring
transportation data.
(Note: Predominantly
geared towards larger
metropolises and evehicle fleets).
Working group for the
province of Ontario
regarding Energy
Planning. Discussed
Ministry of
Environment and
Climate Change
(MoECC) Discussion
Paper, Working Group
Policy and
Opportunities &
Challenges with
regards to Community
Energy Planning.
Provided biomass pilot
case studies and an
understanding of the
economics regarding
financing, ROI and
product equipment
options.
Bioheat Community of
Practice Webinar
Online Web Ex /
Teleconference
March 12, 2015
Biomass Community
Seminar
Marathon, ON
March 18, 2015
Recycling Information
Interview
Phone
March 23, 2015
Municipal Energy Plan
Information Interview
Phone
April 2, 2015
36
Case Studies of
Biomass Projects in
Canada (focus on
NWT). Challenges in
Ontario.
Forum to discuss the
Superior East Region’s
involvement in the
Northern Ontario
Bioeconomy Strategy.
It was discussed that
the region should
collectively work on a
CIINO Grant; however,
feasibility of this was
later scaled down to a
few communities.
An information
interview was
conducted with Sean
Irwin (former Special
Projects Coordinator of
the Township of
Terrace Bay) who
spearheaded the
implementation of a
municipal recycling
program by
implementing a Pay-AsYou-Throw (PAYT)
program to finance
recycle collection and
shipment to a larger
metropolis (in this
case, Thunder Bay).
This is a possibility for
Wawa due to similar
size and remote
location.
Emily Cormier, Energy
Project Manager
developing the Wawa
Energy Plan was
interviewed by Katlyn
Blake a Planner from
the Town of New
Tecumseth. Discussed
opportunities,
Municipal Working
Group Call, Ontario
Caucus
Online WebEx /
Teleconference
April 8, 2015
Smart Growth
Webinar for MEP
Applicants
Online Web
Ex/Teleconference
April 10, 2015
Liquefied Natural Gas
(LNG) Update
Teleconference
May 1, 2015
Batteries & the Grid:
Cost & Modeling
Webinar WebEx
May 7, 2015
37
challenges and benefits
of the program. New
Tecumseth was
impressed by the
comprehensive
Stakeholder
Engagement strategy
and one-on-one
consultation with
stakeholders.
province of Ontario
regarding Energy
Planning. Discussed
policy updates for
energy in Ontario, the
Ministry of
Environment and
Climate Change
(MoECC) response to
this and the Ontario
Growth Plan Review.
Principles of Smart
growth and resources
related to land use
planning, compact
form and healthy
communities that may
support MEP. Delivered
by the Ministry of
Municipal Affairs &
Housing.
Update regarding the
possibility of bringing
LNG to the Superior
East Region. Initially
proposed by a
company called
Northeast Midstream.
Interest is there;
however, feasibility
needs to be addressed
as research on other
companies that may be
interested in projects
in this region.
Informational overview
of the new solar
Implications for Grid –
Tied Systems
Green Municipal Fund
(GMF) Funding Offer
Webinar Web Ex/
Teleconference
May 12, 2015
Municipal Working
Group Call, Ontario
Caucus
Webinar WebEx/
Teleconference
May 13, 2015
Ministry of Natural
Resources Webinar on
Biomasss
Webinar WebEx/
Teleconference
May 19, 2015
Tips for Preparing your
GMF Capital Project
Applications
Webinar WebEx/
Teleconference
May 27, 2015
Viessmann Municipal
Visit to Wawa
Wawa, ON
May 28, 2015
Urban Systems
Information Interview
Telephone
June 2, 2015
38
batteries and their
technological
disruption potential to
the grid.
Information regarding
the new GMF funding
Programs for Energy
Project
Implementation
province of Ontario
regarding Energy
Planning. Discussed
working group support,
Ontario Energy
Community of Practice
and district energy case
studies.
Webinar for MEP
applicants to learn
about biomass and
community energy
planning.
writing a successful
application to acquire
GMF funding for
implementing
sustainable projects in
municipalities.
biomass technology
equipment, products
and choices for
biomass projects.
Information interview
of Emily Cormier,
Energy Project
Manager by Urban
Systems regarding a
regional energy
strategy that they are
conducting in Northern
Ontario. Discussed
energy planning and
opportunities that exist
in the region.
Ontario Trillium
Information Session
3 Maple Street, Wawa,
ON
June 10, 2015
Municipal and
Provincial
Collaboration on
Climate Action: The BC
Experience
Webinar Web Ex/
Teleconference
June 12, 2015
Small Town
Approaches to
reaching climate
action protection
milestones
Greenbush Metal
Recycling Information
Presentation
Webinar Web Ex/
Teleconference
June 23, 2015
In-person, 65
Broadway Ave., Wawa,
ON
June 24, 2015
39
Information session
regarding updated
funding programs from
the Ontario Trillium
Foundation. The Green
People pillar is of
particular interest to
implementing
opportunities
identified in the Wawa
Energy Plan as this
funding encourages
projects that support a
healthy and sustainable
environment.
Case study on how
municipal and
provincial governments
can work together with
regards to energy
conservation projects.
Information on
challenges and
opportunities for small
towns with regards to
climate actions.
Rob Milligan of
Greenbush Metal
Recycling gave a
presentation to the
Wawa Energy Plan
Committee regarding
his business which is
located at the Wawa
Scrapyard. He takes
metals, lightbulbs and
is discussing some of
the opportunities he
sees with regards to
conducting a pilot of
collecting mixed
recyclables for the
community at his site.
Summary of Findings:




OPPORTUNITIES 



BARRIERS




PRIORITIES




BENEFITS
Energy Planning Collaboration & Support (QUEST Municipal Working Group)
Growing importance of Energy Planning in Ontario and Canada
Commitment to conservation and sustainability
Education & Awareness (Capacity Building)
Electric Vehicle Options for Municipal Fleets
Biomass (Costs & Technology)
Liquefied Natural Gas (Northeast Midstream)
Recycling (Need and opportunities in Wawa)
Upfront capital costs for projects
Access to biomass (strict regulations for harvesting in Ontario)
Internal buy-in
Willingness to change
Funding for Project Implementation (GMF & Ontario Trillium Foundation)
Regional Energy Strategy for Northern Ontario
Policy Change & Mandated Action for Energy Importance in Municipalities
Findings from Stage 1 & Stage 2 of the Wawa MEP will create a foundation for the Action Plan and
Implementation strategy that will be created in Stage 3. The combination of qualitative and quantitative
data provide the insights required to create a set of feasible and relevant opportunities and objectives
for the final product.
Public Engagement
An objective of the Wawa Energy Plan identified in the Stakeholder Engagement Phase of the project
was to increase education and awareness with regards to energy and conservation initiatives. This
objective has, and will continue to be a top priority throughout the entirety of the project. The goal is to
encourage a behavioral change by increasing awareness with regards to energy and encouraging a
commitment towards energy conservation throughout the community even after the completion of the
Energy Plan. Numerous activities were conducted throughout Stage 1 of the project, and this effort was
continued throughout the entire of Stage 2. A variety of public engagement events were undertaken to
increase community and stakeholder awareness with regards to the Wawa MEP and energy
conservation programs. The following is a summary of the events, location, date and description.
EVENT
Stage 1: Infographic
Release
LOCATION
Wawa, ON
DATE
February 2, 2015
40
DESCRIPTION
Infographic released to
community through all
forms of media to
inform residents and all
other stakeholders
about the results from
Phase 1: Stakeholder
Engagement of the
Wawa Energy Plan
Energy Conservation
Presentation
Michipicoten High
School, Wawa, ON
February 26, 2015
Recycling Roundtable
Confederation College
(Wawa Campus),
Wawa, ON
March 11, 2015
Wawa Energy Plan
Presentation at the
EDC Annual General
Meeting
Wawa, ON
March 26, 2015
Energy Conservation
Booth at Wawa ByHand Festival
Michipicoten Memorial
Community Centre,
Wawa, ON
May 1 & 2, 2015
41
Algoma Power,
and the EDC of Wawa
partnered to conduct a
workshop on energy
conservation for grade
10 students at MHS.
The event was a
success, and both
students and the
teacher asked for
additional workshops
to be conducted in the
future.
Roundtable with
students at
to discuss the colleges
steps towards recycling
(Note: Wawa does not
have a municipal
recycling program) and
how the college may
collaborate with the
EDC to pursue recycling
initiatives within the
community).
Emily Cormier (Energy
Project Manager) was a
guest speaker at the
EDC AGM. She
informed spectators
about the Wawa
Energy Plan, progress
to date and
expectations for
recommendations.
Booth partnership
between API and the
EDC at the By-Hand
festival to promote
save on energy
coupons and programs
and the lightbulb
infographic regarding
lightbulb knowledge,
best brands and
recycling.
Energy Conservation
Display
Lady Dunn Health
Centre, Wawa, ON
May 11 – June 8, 2015
Energy Conservation
Workshop for Seniors
Seniors Drop-In Centre,
Wawa, ON
May 13, 2015
LAS Municipal Energy
Conservation
Workshop
Community Centre,
Wawa, ON
June 25, 2015
Bioenergy and Your
Community Workshop
Community Centre,
Wawa, ON
June 25, 2015
42
Collaborative effort
between Algoma
Power Inc. (API) and
the Economic
Development
Corporation (EDC) of
Wawa. Included
brochures and
information for API
programs and an
lightbulbs. Purpose was
to promote energy
conservation education
and awareness.
between API and the
EDC of Wawa.
Conducted an energy
conservation at the
Seniors Wawa Goose
Club and educated
seniors about the
Wawa Energy Plan,
ways to save on
energy, conservation
programs. Event
concluded with a draw
for an LED lantern
sponsored by API.
Workshop geared
towards municipal
employees, hospitals,
schools, social housing,
and neighboring
communities discussing
technological upgrades
and behavioral change
with regards to energy
results in optimal
savings.
Biomass seminar
presented by Karry
Anne Campbell (Bio
economy Expert,
Ministry of Natural
Resources and
Forestry) bringing
Energy Conservation
Presentation for
Michipicoten First
Nation (MFN)
Michipicoten First
Nation Band Office,
Wawa, ON
(Postponed to
Alternative Date)
Final Energy Study &
Mapping Report
Presentation to
Municipal Council
Wawa, On
July 21, 2015
awareness with regards
to the biomass supply
chain, emissions, and
harvesting for
residential use and
commercial projects.
between API and the
EDC of Wawa. Plan to
conduct an energy
conservation workshop
at the MFN Band Office
and educated
members about the
Wawa Energy Plan,
ways to save on
energy, conservation
programs.
Final Report on the
Baseline Energy Study
and Energy Mapping
exercise for the Wawa
Municipal Energy Plan.
All presentations and awareness activities covered similar topics such as:
 Wawa Energy Plan Project Overview
 Project Key Findings / Opportunities
 Stakeholder Engagement
 Energy Education & Awareness
 Local Distribution Company (Algoma Power Inc.) Energy Saving Programs & Initiatives
 Discussion / Questions & Answers
It must be noted that in addition to the public engagement opportunities and activities, a variety of
other efforts were conducted to ensure that a comprehensive communication strategy was put forward.
The following is a list of the other communication initiatives, dates and description.
Communication Material
TASK
Stage 1 Infographic
Press Release
COMMUNICATION
FORMAT
EDC website and social
media, used in enewsletter, used at a
conference in Toronto
Algoma News (Local
Newspaper)
DATE
DESCRIPTION
February 2, 2015
Described results of
Stage 1 of the Wawa
MEP.
February 4, 2015
Describes results of
Stage 1 of the Wawa
MEP.
43
Press Release
Algoma News
March 2, 2015
Water Conservation
Infographic
Bio-Heat Community
of Practice Workshop
EDC Website, Social
Media
Toronto, ON
March 2, 2015
March E-Newsletter
with Wawa MEP
Update
Email, EDC website and
Social Media
March 16, 2015
EDC Annual General
Meeting
In-person
March 16, 2015
March 12, 2015
44
Continued Stakeholder
Engagement
partnership with
Algoma Power,
and Michipicoten High
School and the EDC of
Wawa resulting in a
workshop regarding
energy conservation
for grade 10 students
at Michipicoten High
School.
Tips to conserve and
save water infographic.
The Ministry of Natural
Resources and Forestry
(MNRF) hosted their
second annual BioHeat Community of
Practice Workshop in
Toronto, Ontario on
March 12, 2015. Karry
Anne Campbell (the
regional bio economy
expert is part of the
Wawa Energy Plan
Committee). In her
presentation at the
workshop she had a
slide that discussed the
Wawa Energy Plan.
Emailed to
stakeholders who
requested to be kept
apprised of the Wawa
Energy Plan via email.
Discussed: MEP
Update, High School
Energy Conservation
Workshop, Cape St.
George, NL Recycling
Story, Change
Management Book
Emily Cormier, Energy
Project Manager –
Guest Speaker –
discussed Wawa MEP
Earth Hour Promotion
EDC Social Media
March 28, 2015
Lightbulb Infographic
EDC Social Media, EDC
Website, Lady Dunn
Hospital, Wawa ByHand
May – June 2015
May Wawa Energy
Plan Update ENewsletter
Email, EDC website,
Social Media
May 1, 2015
Press Release on
Energy Conservation
Workshop for Seniors
wawanews.com
May 14, 2015
Press Release on
Wawa and Area
Leaders Learn Small
Changes = Big Energy
Savings
Wawanews.com
June 28, 2015
45
Promoted Earth Hour
on Social Media (part
of Continued
Stakeholder
Engagement)
Distributed an
the differences
between lightbulbs,
hazards, costs, and
where to recycle.
Discussed: MEP
Update, LED Street
Lights & Water Meter
Update, Time of Use
Change Reminder,
Lightbulb Infographic
Press release regarding
the presentation by
Algoma Power and the
EDC of Wawa to Wawa
Goose Club (Senior’s
Drop In) on how to
save on energy.
Press release regarding
workshop hosted by
the EDC of Wawa
geared towards
municipal employees
that illustrated how
both technological
upgrades and
behavioral changes
result in optimal
energy savings.
Presenters included:
Ashley Remeikis,
Municipal Energy
Specialist from LAS,
Jody Tait, Energy
Conservation Advisor
from Algoma Power
Inc., and Karry Anne
Campbell, Bioeconomy
Expert, Ministry of
Natural Resources and
Forestry.
Conclusion
The Baseline Energy Study and Energy Map phase of the Wawa MEP provided the overall plan with
excellent insight regarding opportunities for energy reduction. However, a comprehensive overview of
all energy consumption data and transportation data, as well as GHG emissions was not achieved.
Continued stakeholder engagement was highly successful due to a multifaceted approach to address the
needs and wants of stakeholders. A combination of email, social media, and newsletters and in person
presentations / activities were conducted. As well, the educational research initiatives undertaken by
members of the Wawa Energy Plan committee serve as an excellent foundation for the final Wawa MEP.
In more urban areas with growing development and in an attempt to address conservation constructing
buildings with higher efficiency standards would be a recommendation. However, due to Wawa’s
demographic situation in a community with a decreasing population; more innovative and less capital
intensive endeavours should be undertaken to encourage the reduction of energy consumption and
costs. That being said, research should be done to include a set of programs, initiatives, subsidies, and
grants that municipalities can access to improve energy conservation and GHG reduction.
Recommendations
This study makes the following suggestions directed at facilitating the advancement of energy efficiency
across all key sectors evaluated for Wawa:
1. Prepare an action plan to advance energy efficiency – divide between municipal building versus
residential initiatives
2. Continue to improve local energy information for Wawa:
a. Confirm conservation demand management programs to be delivered in Wawa by local
utilities.
b. Adopt comprehensive indicators to measure the progress of action toward meeting
energy and greenhouse gas emissions change.
c. Work with local utilities to resolve issues regarding information sharing with high energy
sectors identified during energy mapping exercise.
3. Invest in the resources and knowledge to advance energy efficiency
a. Undertake pre-feasibility analysis for alternative energy initiatives where high energy
demand identified, in particular for the municipal buildings and commercial properties
located in the downtown of Wawa.
4. Conduct a survey of the community to gain a comprehensive inventory of consumption volume
and GHG emissions associated to transportation
5. Continue to explore endeavours for recycling to address the capacity issue with the local landfill,
as well as the keen interest of residents to recycle.
6. Compile an inventory of conservation funding programs and grants/subsidies for initiatives of
interest to the Municipality of Wawa and residents.
The importance of increasing energy education and awareness in Wawa identified in Stage 1 of the
Wawa MEP has been a pillar throughout the entirety of this project. In fact, implementation of this
recommendation has already begun and will continue prior to the development of the final plan. As
46
identified in the stakeholder engagement phase there are four preferred modes of communication for
stakeholder engagement including:
Figure 5: Continued Stakeholder Engagement Methodology
EMAIL
SOCIAL MEDIA
NEWSLETTERS
PRESENTATIONS
The following are some key continued stakeholder engagement initiatives that will be conducted
throughout the remainder of the Wawa MEP project:

July Wawa MEP E-Newsletter

Energy Conservation Workshop at Michipicoten First Nation

Wawa Green Days
EVENT PURPOSE: To raise awareness of energy conservation programs and methods,
share results of the energy plan activity recommendations, increase understanding of
recycling efforts in Wawa, encourage a community clean-up day, support local
organizations involved in environmental programs such as the local High schools.
Wawa Green Days will feature a number of events that are aimed at informing and
enlightening residents and business of the benefits that can be derived from building a
sustainable community that includes renewable energy. Outreach to potential sponsors
and volunteers will be conducted over the summer months.

Wawa MEP Action Plan & Implementation Strategy Open House Event hosted by the Wawa
Energy Plan Committee as a platform for public input on recommendations for the Wawa MEP
Strategies for continued stakeholder engagement will continue to be developed and amended
throughout the entirety of this project.
Next Steps
The next stage of the Wawa MEP is the plan development, action plan and implementation strategy. The
following figure highlights key deliverables and objectives to be obtained in the remaining six months of
the Wawa MEP:
47
Figure 6: Wawa MEP Next Steps
Appendices
The following section contains the Appendices A through D, referenced through the preceding
document.
48
Appendix A: Energy Map Polygon Number and Average kWh for 2013 and 2014
POLYGON AVG_2013 AVG_2014
1
2230.48
2402.55
2
3815.67
18728.29
3
1234.89
1156.33
4
2233.80
1927.60
5
928.71
958.60
6
497.45
549.37
7
1076.34
1138.52
8
1059.90
1152.27
9
844.04
907.36
10
1276.25
975.41
11
855.43
897.89
12
1187.19
1287.05
13
14648.80
15873.68
20
804.62
826.60
23
1058.11
1083.21
24
754.66
882.26
25
607.18
587.57
26
1200.37
1127.98
29
858.88
859.30
30
717.71
623.86
31
1063.80
1153.94
34
722.82
817.61
35
797.53
820.68
36
837.04
991.77
38
788.46
865.64
39
765.07
887.93
40
2016.48
2029.58
41
735.28
787.50
42
695.55
712.93
43
805.45
830.36
44
1034.00
971.37
52
2130.62
2033.08
54
22597.44
22287.98
55
919.89
982.54
56
1030.87
1051.80
57
1127.77
1165.25
58
1424.91
1477.76
59
1016.49
1114.93
60
983.55
997.55
61
4494.57
5337.51
62
1400.72
1492.16
63
1216.60
1253.25
65
1169.95
1275.21
66
522.81
536.91
POLYGON AVG_2013 AVG_2014
67
827.18
877.66
68
859.53
880.41
69
234.10
192.64
70
900.21
929.47
71
1619.39
1714.85
72
1270.54
1204.15
73
868.29
853.82
74
1774.11
1686.32
75
616.02
502.19
76
6061.45
5561.77
78
2703.74
2775.59
79
720.93
872.43
86
1030.37
981.29
87
2498.74
2544.09
88
1004.69
1019.80
89
755.13
731.77
90
797.00
844.39
94 24842.11
30912.12
95
941.48
1024.57
96
6295.60
7170.59
97
4314.98
4296.39
98
566.75
583.09
99
954.80
1011.09
100
591.57
652.83
103
1881.86
1868.67
104
952.30
970.08
105
2435.48
2755.50
106
2966.83
3035.22
107
1113.89
1216.45
108
961.65
912.05
109
1158.09
1238.09
110 24775.35
26117.25
111
6574.20
6892.97
112
1810.48
1709.34
113
704.20
830.94
114
1136.04
1150.10
115
766.30
784.87
116
604.92
769.26
117
892.98
885.43
118
1019.48
1036.50
119
5712.99
5914.29
120
984.23
1029.87
121
711.96
725.17
122
3755.54
3655.65
49
Appendix B : Wawa Electrical Use Polygon Breakdown Map
50
Appendix C: Wawa Seasonal Electrical Average Maps
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
Appendix D: Works Cited
"Wawa Airport". Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010. Environment Canada
Brookfield Renewable Energy Partners. (n.d.). Ontario Hydro. Retrieved from
http://www.brookfieldrenewable.com/content/ontario-30921.html
Grundt, B. (2012, October 15). Water Meters. wawanews.com. Retrieved from: http://www.wawanews.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=16533:water-meters&catid=177:2012
Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO). (n.d). Harris Generating Station (12.0 MW) – Magpie
River. Retrieved from http://www.powerauthority.on.ca/hydroelectric/harris-generating-station-120mw-magpie-river
Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO). (n.d). Hollingsworth Generating Station (23 MW) Michipicoten River. Retrieved from http://www.powerauthority.on.ca/hydroelectric/hollingsworthgenerating-station-23-mw-michipicoten-rover
Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO). (n.d). McPhail Generating Station (13.0 MW) Michipicoten River. Retrieved from http://www.powerauthority.on.ca/hydroelectric/mcphailgenerating-station-130-mw-michipicoten-river
Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO). (n.d). Mission Generating Station (16.0 MW) - Magpie
River. Retrieved from http://www.powerauthority.on.ca/hydroelectric/mission-generating-station160mw-magpie-river
Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO). (n.d). Scott Falls Generating Station (22.0 MW) Michipicoten River. Retrieved from http://www.powerauthority.on.ca/hydroelectric/scott-fallsgenerating-station-224-mw-michipicoten-river
Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO). (n.d). Steephill Generating Station (16.0 MW) – Magpie
River. Retrieved from http://www.powerauthority.on.ca/hydroelectric/steephill-generating-station-160mw-magpie-river
Insight gained by EDC through conversation with James McHardy (Former General Manager of Wawa
Power (Brookfield Renewable Energy) –Chair of Wawa Energy Committee, Member of the Economic
Development Corporation of Wawa Board)
Energy).
Energy).
59
KPMG. (31 December, 2013). Corporation of the Municipality of Wawa. Municipal Asset Management
Plan. Retrieved from http://www.wawa.cc/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/2013-Wawa-AssetManagement-Plan.pdf
Mills, S., (2008, September 8). Wawa uses way too much water: report. The Sault Star. Retrieved from:
http://www.saultstar.com/2008/09/08/wawa-uses-way-too-much-water-report
Municipality of Wawa Water Division Infrastructure Services. (2014, February). Wawa Drinking Water
Systems Annual and Summary Reports for 2013. Retrieved from: http://www.wawa.cc/wpcontent/uploads/2012/07/2013-Annual-and-Summary-Water-Reports.pdf
Ontario Ministry of Energy Renewables and Energy Efficiency Division. 2013, October 21. Municipal
Energy Planning. Retrieved from:
Province of Ontario’s Long-Term Energy Plan. 2011.
Public Works and Government Services. (2014, November 20). The Environmentally Responsible
Construction and Renovation Handbook: Chapter 6 – Water Conservation. Retrieved from:
http://www.tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca/biens-property/gd-env-cnstrctn/page-6-eng.html
Remeikis, A. (June 25, 2015). Wawa LAS Employee Engagement and Energy Awareness Workshop.
Supplied by Julie Greenspoon from the Ministry of Energy (coefficients established by Environment
Canada)
Suthey Holler Associates. (2011). Northeast Superior Regional Energy Industry Profile. Retrieved from
http://nsfc.mosaicmediagroup.com/files/Library/Energy/20102011%20Project%2023%20Alternative%20Energy%20Study%20Asset%20Profile%20Report.pdf
The Kent Group Ltd. (n.d). Retrieved from: https://www.kentgroupltd.com/petroleum-volume-data/
Wawa Municipal Hydro, Propane and Fuel Oil Records.
Wray, Chris. (2015, May 1). LED Lighting and Water Meter Update. Retrieved from:
http://edcwawa.ca/from-the-desk-of-the-cao-of-the-municipality-of-wawa/
60
Wray, Chris. 2015, June 3. The Municipality of Wawa Budget 2015. Prepared for the Corporation of the
Municipality of Wawa.
61

Wawa MEP Stage 2_Baseline Energy Study and Energy Maps Report

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