Musical Instruments

Introduction
This%booklet%is%designed%to%show%teachers%the%wide%range%of%
musical%instruments%which%are%available%for%loan%in%the%CDEC%
collection,%originating%from%all%around%the%world.% %Some%are%
described%below%but%we%have%many%more%–%please%see%the%full%
illustrated%catalogue%included%in%this%pdf.%
Although%these%instruments%can%be%touched%and%held%by%the%
children,%they%are%artefacts%and%may%be%too%fragile%to%play.%
CDEC, Low Nook, Rydal Road, Ambleside, LA22 9BB
Tel: 015394 31602
Email: [email protected]
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CDEC Musical Instruments
This! booklet! is! designed! to! show! teachers! the! wide! range! of! musical!
instruments! which! are! available! for! loan! in! the! CDEC! Collection,!
originating!from!all!around!the!world.!!Some!are!described!below!but!
we!have!many!more!>!please!see!the!full!illustrated!catalogue!included!
in!this!pdf!
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Although! these! instruments! can! be! touched! and! held! by! the! children,!
they!are!artefacts!and!may!be!too!fragile!to!play.!
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Rattles
Used!to!stress!dancing!and!also!in!magic!rituals.!
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The! use! of! seed! pods! and! gourds! as!
rattles! with! their! own! seeds! increased!
the!magic!potency!of!the!instruments.!
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Juju!Seed!Rattle!
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Caxixi!Rattles!are!woven!with!both!straw!and!reed.!!They!are!usually!
filled!with!small!stones.!
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Gourd Rattles
Gourd!rattles!decorated!with!patterns!and!animal!drawings.!
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Idiophones
Easily! improvised! instruments! of! percussion! made! from! naturally!
resonant! materials,! from! which! sound! can! be! produced! without! the!
addition!of!skin,!string!or!vibrating!a!column!of!air.!
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Scrapers
These! originated! in! the! early! Stone! Age! with! bone! scrapers.! ! They!
existed!on!every!continent!and!have!survived!to!modern!times.!
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Clappers
These! include! claves! which! can! be! as! basic! as! two! sticks! struck!
together.!
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Butchers! in! England! and! Scotland! traditionally! used! clappers! in! the!
form! of! marrow! bones! and! cleavers! to! play! music.! ! Claves! now!
feature!in!modern!Latin!–!American!orchestras.!
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Double! Bells! I! forged! by! blacksmiths.! ! Each! bell! has! several! pitches!
depending!upon!how!you!strike!them.!
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Xylophones also known as Marimbas
There!are!few!African!countries!where!the!xylophone!does!not!exist.!!
Often! used! at! funerals,! festivals! and! celebrations,! they! can! provide!
both!the!melody!and!rhythm.!
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They!can!be!made!from!bamboo,!wood!or!gourds!and!are!struck!with!
wooden! mallets! with! rubber! or! leather! tips.! ! Others! are! made! over!
pits!or!using!logs.!
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Drums (Membranophones)
A!step!forward!in!the!development!of!music!came!with!the!covering!
of!a!hollow!log!with!a!skin.!
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Drums!come!in!many!shapes!and!sizes!but!usually!fall!into!two!main!
classes.!
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Open!drums:!singleIheaded!
&!
Closed!drums:!single!–!or!
with!opening!at!one!end.!
doubleIheaded!with!no!
open!end.!
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Drums! are! used! for! magic! or! religious! festivals,! communication! and!
fun.!
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How! did! they! first! come! into! existence?! ! Perhaps! when! hides! went!
taut! as! they! were! pegged! into! the! earth! to! dry,! people! moved! to!
pegging!skins!onto!wooden!vessels.!
Most!common!are!the!cylindrical!or!bowl!shaped!drums!such!as!the!
African!Kettledrums.!
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Shape!is!believed! !
!to!derive!from!
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!the!earlier!
!clay!form.!
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Smaller! examples! of! closed! drums! are! the! African! hide! drums! ! and!
the! leather! covered! Koboro! from! Eritrea! which! can! have! painted!
designs!on!the!drum!and!ends.!
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Hide!drum!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Koboro!
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Open Drums
Djembe!type!drum!
ManImade!(weatherproof)!drum!
based!on!the!West!African!Djembe!
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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Dual!pot!drums!
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Square Frame Drums
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Indian Drums
In! India! the! drum! remains! the! characteristic! instrument! associated!
with!all!aspects!of!life…!
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Dhol
The!Dhol!is!played!with!the!hands!when!accompanying!a!singer!and!
with!a!stick!when!in!concert!with!pipes.!
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Cordophones
Beads,! cowrie! shells!
and! animal! hair! are!
commonly! used! to!
decorate!
musical!
instruments! in! Africa,!
such! as! this! eightI
stringed!lyre.!!
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!Lyres! are! only! found!
in!East!Africa.!
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Box!Harp!
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Harps!can!be!recognized!by!the!distinctive!upward!curved!necks.!
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Harps!and!lyres!are!usually!played!as!solo!instruments.!
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Flutes
Flutes!are!used!in!many!countries!throughout!the!world.!!The!CDEC!
collection! contains! examples! of! different! types! of! flute! including!
wooden!flutes,!ocarinas!and!pan!pipes.!
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Musical Instrument Collection
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Instrument
Country of
Origin
No.
Cabassa
India
1
Cabassa
India
2
Cactus
Rainstick
Chile
3
Castanet
Mexico
4
Caxixi
Africa & S.
America
5
Caxixi X 2
Africa & S.
America
6
Madagascar
7
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Collection of
Miniature
Instruments
Djembe
West Africa
8
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Flute
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Flute
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9
Peru
10
11
Flute
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Flute
Eritrea
12
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Flute
13
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Gourd Rattle
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Ecuador
14
Kenya
15
Hide Drum
Kenya
16
Hide Drum
(Small)
Africa
17
Juju Seed
Rattle
Africa
Kambaya
Kenya
19
Kambaya
Kenya
20
Hide Drum
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18
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Kirar
Eritrea
21
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Koboro
(Recycled
Paint Tin)
Eritrea
Koboro
(Recycled
Paint Tin)
Eritrea
22
!
23
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Maraca
Africa & S.
America
24
Maracas
Mexico
25
Marimba
(Large)
Africa
26
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Marimba
(Medium)
Africa
Marimba
(Small)
Africa
Mini Maraca
Peru
29
Rainstick
Peru & Chile
30
27
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28
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Rattle (part
of larger
instrument?)
31
Rattle (part
of larger
instrument?)
32
Set of pipes
33
Set of Pipes
(Circular)
34
Sistrum
!
Africa
35
Skin Drum
(Large)
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Thumb Piano
with
Tuneable
Keys
!
Kenya
36
Tanzania
37
Watta
Eritrea
38
Double
Drums Pottery &
Hide
Africa
Dhol Drum
India
Box Harp
E. Africa
!
39
!
40
!
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41
42
Hide Drum –
Round
Kenya
Finger Harp
Kenya
43
Square
Frame Drum
Africa
44
Hide Drum
Kenya
45
Maracas
( Pair )
Mexico
46
Ocarina
Peru
47
Ocarina
Peru
48
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Lyre
(Cordaphone)
E. Africa
49
Bangladesh
50
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Dhol Drum
with
Plectrum
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Hide Drum
(Small)
Kenya/Tanzania 51
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Agogo
Double Bells
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Mulam
Thudi
( Bamboo
Drum )
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Dhol Drum
( Metal )
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W. Africa
52
India
53
India
54
Hide Drum Round
( Large )
55
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Cowhide
Drum
Kenya
56
Hide Drum –
Large
Kenya
57
Hide drum –
Large
Kenya
58
Rattle
St. Lucia
59
Castanets
Mexico
60
Double
Drums Pottery &
Hide
Africa
61
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