Physics in Canada La Physique au Canada

Transcription

Physics in Canada
La Physique au Canada
Vol. 49, No. 3
M a y / M a i 1993
Simon
13-16,
Fraser
1993
University
Corporate Members // Membres corporatifs
Canadian Association of Physicists II Association canadienne des physiciens
The Corporate Members of the Canadian Association of
Physicists are a group of corporations, laboratories, and
institutions who, through their membership, support the
educational activities of the Association.
Les membres corporatifs de l'Association canadienne des
physiciens sont un groupe de corporations, laboratoires, ou
institutions qui supportent financièrement les activités
éducatives de l'Association.
The entire proceeds of corporate membership contributions
are paid into the CAP Educational Trust Fund and are tax
deductible.
Les revenus de leurs contributions déductibles aux fins
d'impôt sont entièrement versés au Fonds Educatif de
l'ACP.
Accurex Technology Incorporated
Allan Crawford Associates Limited
Aptec Engineering Limited
Atlantic Nuclear Services Ltd.
Atlantis Flight Research Inc.
Atmospheric Environment Service
Atomic Energy of Canada Limited
Bell-Northern Research Ltd.
CTF Systems Inc.
Ealing Scientific Limited
Edwards High Vacuum
EG&G Canada Ltd. - Optoelectronics
Division
FairCopy Services Inc.
Fisons V.G. Instruments
Hydro-Québec
Gennum Corporation
LeCroy Canada Inc.
Linear Technology Inc.
Lumonics Inc.
MPB Technologies Inc.
National Optics Institute
Newport Instruments Canada Corp.
Ontario Hydro
Optech Incorporated
Rayonics Scientific Inc.
TRIUMF
Xerox Research Centre of Canada
The Canadian Association of Physicists cordially invites
interested corporations and institutions to make application
for Corporate membership and will welcome the inquiries
addressed to the Executive Secretary.
L'Association canadienne des physiciens invile cordialement
corporations et institutions à faire partie des Membres
Corporatifs. Renseignements auprès du Secrétaire Exécutif,
CANADIAN ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICISTS / ASSOCIATION CANADIENNE DES PHYSICIENS
151 Slater, Suite 903
Ottawa, Ontario K1P 5H3
Phone: (613! 237-3392 or Fax: (613) 238-1677
Physics in Canada
UPhysique au Canada
r-» I
The Bulletin of The
Canadian Association of
Physicists
Bulletin de l'Association
canadienne des
physiciens
EDITORIAL BOARD/COMITÉ DE
RÉDACTION
Editor/Rédacteur en chef
J.S.C. McKee
Accelerator Centre
Physics Department
University of Manitoba
Winnipeg Manitoba R3T 2N2
(204) 474-9874
Fax: (204) 269-8489
Associate Editor/Rédacteur Associé
F.M. Brûlé
Managing/Administration
Book Review Editor/Rédacteur à la
critique des livres
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Dept. of Physics, York University
4700 Keele St.
North York, Ont. M3) 1P3
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Fax: (416) 736-5516
J.C. Cook
Division of Physics,
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Fax: (613) 957-8734
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University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
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Lumonics Inc.
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René Roy
Département de physique
Université Laval
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.
Vol. 49, No. 3
I
May/mai 1993
Page No.
CAP C o u n c i l and Division Executives 1992-93
2
Editorial — Thoughts for physicists at Congress
3
Opinions
4
Canadian Physicists / Physiciens canadiens
8
News / Nouvelles
8
Calendar / Calendrier
9
Institutional M e m b e r s / M e m b r e s l'institutionel
10
Sustaining Members / Membres de Soutien
10
1993 CAP Congress:
General I n f o r m a t i o n
Special Initiatives
MAPS
Registration / Campus A c c o m m o d a t i o n I n f o r m a t i o n
List of Invited Speakers
Program O u t l i n e / Résumé d u p r o g r a m m e
11
19
20
24
25
28
CAP Medallists 1993 / Lauréats de l'ACP 1993
CAP Prize Exam 1993 / Examen de l'ACP 1993
List of Exhibitors/Sponsors
32
32
32
Annual General Meeting:
Tentative Agenda
Background o n item 7.2 — IUPAP
Call for n o m i n a t i o n s to IUPAP
33
34
36
Instructions Regarding Attendance and T i m e d Papers
37
CONGRESS PROGRAM / PROGRAMME D U CONGRÈS
38
POSTER PROGRAM / SÉANCES DE DÉMONSTRATION
77
A u t h o r Index / Index des auteurs
90
Notice to CAP Members
Avis aux membres de l'ACP
Bring this free c o p y of the C o n gress Issue to the A n n u a l Congress
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Front Cover:
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reserved.
CAP Council and Division Executives 1992-93
•President, J . C . D . Milton, AECL Research, Chalk River
• P a s t President, R.M. Lees, University of New Brunswick
•Vice-President, A.C. McMillan, Atmospheric Environmental
Services
•Vice-President Elect, R.A. Lessard, Université Laval
• H o n o r a r y S e c r e t a r y - T r e a s u r e r , A.J. Alcock, National Research Council
Director-Full M e m b e r s , R.C. Barber, University of Manitoba
Director-Affiliate M e m b e r s , H. Okada, University of Toronto
Director-Student M e m b e r s , P. Laporte, University of Ottawa
Director-Corporate M e m b e r s , P.S. Vincett, FairCopy Services Inc.
Division Executives
1.
2.
Division Chairmen
Aeronouiy and Space Physics, G. Sofko, University of Saskatchewan
Atomic and Molecular Physics, S.P. Reddy, Memorial University
Canadian Geophysical Union, W.R. Peltier, University of Toronto
Condensed M a t t e r Physics, M . Thewalt, Simon Fraser University
Nuclear Physics, S. Yen, TRJUMF
Optical Physics, H.M. Van Driel, University of Toronto
Particle Physics, S. Godfrey, Carleton University
Physics Education, J.C. Irwin, Simon Fraser University
Plasma Physics, W. Rozmus, University of Alberta
Theoretical Physics, A. Griffin, University of Toronto
Industrial & Applied Physics, A.E. Dixon, University of Waterloo
S u r f a c e Science, D. Harrington, University of Victoria
3.
4.
5.
Division of Aerouomy and Space Physics
G. Sofko, Chair, University of Saskatchewan
A. Yau, Past-Chair, National Research Council
D. McDiarmid, Vice-Chair, National Research Council
L. Cogger, Secretary-Treasurer, University of Calvary
Division of Atomic and Molecular Physics
S.P. Reddy, Chair, Memorial University
G . C . Tabisz, Past-Chair, University of Manitoba
l . B . A . Mitchell, Vice-Chair, University of Western Ontario
I.B. Atkinson, Secretary-Treasurer, University of Windsor
Canadian Geophysical Union
W.R. Peltier, President, University of Toronto
D.E. Smylie, Past-President, York University
G.K.C. Clarke, Vice-Chair, University of British Columbia
R . D . Kurtz, Secretary-Treasurer, Geological Surviry of Canada
Division of Condensed M a t t e r Physics
M . W . Thewalt, Chair, Simon Fraser University
R.W. Cochrane, Past-Chair, Université de Montréal
E. Svensson, Vice-Chair, AECL Research, Chalk River
B. loôs, Secretary-Treasurer, University of Ottawa
Division of Medical and Biological Physics
Councillors/Conseillers
British Columbia
(1) M. Sevior, University of British Columbia
(2) G.R. Mason, University of Victoria
Alberta
(1) J. A. Tuszynski, University of Alberta
(2) H.R. Krouse, University of Calgary
Saskatchewan and Manitoba
(1) E.I. Llewellyn, University of Saskatchewan
(2) R. Kobes, University of Manitoba
O n t a r i o - Southwest
(1) M. Singh, University of Western Ontario
(2) J. Dutcher, University of Guelph
Ontario - Central and North
(1) R. Gauthier, Laurentian
University
(2) P.K. Sinervo, University of Toronto
O n t a r i o - East
(1) R.F. Harris-Lowe, Royal Military
College-Kingston
(2) S. Godfrey, Carleton University
Québec - Nord et Ouest
(1) I.R. Derome, Université de Montréal
(2) M . I . Zuckermann, McGill University
Québec - Sud et Est
(1) P. Bélanger, Université Laval
(2) S. Jandl, Université de Sherbrooke
New Brunswick & Newfoundland
(1) 1. Debruyn, Memorial
University
(2) S. Ross, University of New Brunswick
Nova Scotia & Prince E d w a r d Island
(1) D. Labrie, Dalhousie
University
(2) D. Dahn, University of Prince Edward Island
At L a r g e
(2) P. Kirkby, Ontario Hydro
(2) S. Morsink, University of Alberta
Editor - C a n a d i a n J o u r n a l of Physics
D . D . Betts, Dalhousie
University
Editor - Physics in C a n a d a / L a Physique au C a n a d a
I . S . C . McKee, University of Manitoba
Executive Secretary - Secrétaire exécutif
F.M. Brûlé
•Members of Executive Committee
(1) Term ends lune 1993
(2) Term ends lune 1994
2 Physics in Canada
May 1993
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Division of Nuclear Physics
S. Yen. Chair, TR1UMF
T . E . Drake, Past-Chair, University of Toronto
1. Barrette, Vice-Chair, McGill University
G. Ball, Secretary-Treasurer, AECL Research, Chalk River
Division of Optical Physics
H. Van Driel, Chair, University of Toronto
R.A. Lessard, Past-Chair, Université Laval
T. Vo-Van, Vice-Chair, Université de Moncton
M. Piché, Secretary-Treasurer, Université Laval
Division of Particle Physics
S. Godfrey, Chair, Carleton University
D.B. MacFarlane, Past-Chair, McGill University
M. Vetterli, Vice-Chair, TRJUMF
D.C. Bailey, Secretary-Treasurer, University of Toronto
Division of Physics Education
J.C. Irwin, Chair, Simon Fraser University
N.E. Hedgecock, Past-Chair, University of Windsor
B. Robertson, Vice-Chair, University of Regina
G.M. Lees, Secretary-Treasurer, University of New Brunswick
Division of Plasma Physics
W. Rozmus, Chair, University of Alberta
D.M. Villeneuve, Past-Chair, National Research Council
J.C. Keiffer, Vice-Chair, INRS-Energie et Matériaux
C. MacLatchy, Secretary-Treasurer, Acadia University
Division of Theoretical Physics
A. Griffin, Chair, University of Toronto
G. Kunstatter, Past-Chair, University of Winnipeg
B. Tupper, Vice-Chair, University of New Brunswick
I. L'Heureux, Secretary-Treasurer, University of Ottawa
Divisiou of Industrial and Applied Physics
A.E. Dixon, Chair, University of Waterloo
A. Quaglia, Past-Chair, Sciencetech Inc.
R. Pawluczyk, Vice-Chair, National Optics Institute
I. Ociepa, Secretary-Treasurer, OCI Vacuum Engineering
Division of S u r f a c e Science
D. Harrington, Chair, University of Victoria
R. Paynter, Past-Chair, INRS-Énergie
I. lackman, Vice-Chair, CANMET
T . Ellis, Secretary-Treasurer, Université de Montréal
EDITORIAL
Thoughts for physicists
at
Congress:-
'Politics is the art of the possible.'
'You are either political or you're dead.'
The annual congress of the Canadian Association of
Physicists (CAP) gives an opportunity for researchers at the
forefront of their discipline to communicate with other
Canadian physicists in a highly interactive and congenial
environment. It also provides a vehicle for the generation
of collective ideas and goals. With a federal election
forthcoming later this year, it seems appropriate to review
the status of Science and Technology within Canada and to
investigate those means by which the Canadian Association
of Physicists might become associated with the evolution
of a future national science policy.
Historically, science policy has not been a major
consideration of the CAP. When times are good and funds
for research readily available, time devoted to political
lobbying is seen as either unnecessary or a distraction from
the main thrust of a physicists' career. By 1986, however,
this situation had changed to some extent. The frustration
of the CAP because of its inability to respond to the
time-scales provided by government in requests for policy
information became extreme, and it was decided that the
CAP might do well to generate several planks of a policy
platform in anticipation of further requests from government
for input and information. With this in mind, several papers
and documents were prepared by a Science Policy
Committee and approved by Council. CAP Council being
the policy-making body of the Association always has the
major role in planning in this area and it was on the
recommendation of Council that it was decreed that the
President should act as chair of the Science Policy
Committee. The idea, at that time, was obviously to give
the policy committee the necessary authority and prestige
within the Association to enable it to proceed in an
effective way.
The most significant documents produced by the Science
Policy Committee so far are a Report on the Status of
Science and Technology at the Political Level in Canada
published in Physics in Canada in September 1987, and an
article republished in Physics in Canada in July 1991
entitled "Physics in Canada - A Brief Survey and Outlook".
The first document compares and contrasts ways in which
political advice is given to government in a variety of
countries throughout the world.
In each case factual
information from government departments is compared to
the subjective views of practising Canadian physicists in the
countries concerned. This paper continues to be of value.
The second document, "A Brief Survey and Outlook" was
generated in response to a question by a participant at a
meeting of the committee of parliamentarians, scientists,
and engineers (COPSE) held on Parliament Hill in 1988 at
which someone asked, "What actually is a physicist and
what do physicists do?" It transpired that neither the
physicists present nor many of their colleagues were able to
provide an effective answer, so it was felt that a simple
article of the kind produced in Physics in Canada could be
invaluable to members of the Association attempting to
communicate with MLAs, Members of Parliament, or
bureaucrats and give a simple answer to the questions
posed.
Arising from these publications and several presentations
made either to CAP Council or a Science and Technology
Forum, it is now quite clear that many issues remain
unresolved.
In Japan, for example, the fact that the
Minister of Education, Science and Culture is one of the big
four at the highest cabinet level and is ultimately involved
in the economic planning of that country stands out in sharp
contrast to the situation in Canada. Here the Minister of
State for Science and Technology is fairly low on the
Cabinet totem pole and does not have direct access to
major funding in his own portfolio. Education in Canada, of
course, is largely a provincial responsibility and the
separation of Education from Science and Technology
means that neither is high in the list of priorities of those
that make the key decisions relating to the economy of the
country. There is no 'a priori' reason why the Minister of
Finance should be sitting down with the Minister of State
for Science and Technology and considering his input of
vital importance to the economic future of Canada. Science
and Technology are not high in the priorities of government.
On a different topic, namely the funding of research and
development in Canada, it no longer seems profitable to
compare the proportion of the gross domestic product
devoted to such matters with the equivalent situation in
other countries. It appears extremely difficult to increase
the contribution to research and development from the
private sector in Canada. Even when the Government of
Canada makes available a reasonable proportion of the
gross domestic product for R&D, the matching contribution
from industry and business is always lacking.
On a related matter, training in areas of high technology is
becoming more and more important as time passes. In
Canada, despite the excellent training
that many
researchers get as part of their graduate student program
and later at university and national research laboratories,
neither the jobs nor the opportunities for advancement of
such people really exist in this country. Both the training
and the job opportunity aspects need to be considered as an
urgent matter.
Shortage of research funds, research
facilities and infrastructure within Canada is widespread and
it is difficult to know how such deprivation can be dealt
with on a short time scale. It is not merely university
research that is in difficulty. Government laboratories lack
adequate support from science and technology, and private
sector firms have problems in obtaining developmental
support, venture capital and a work force trained in the
areas that they determine to be important to them. For
these and similar reasons, the Editorial Board thought it
might be useful to follow this editorial with a set of crisp
opinions from physicists who are widely representative of
our corporate members and physics divisions, and initiate
some debate on science policy issues.
J.S.C. McKee, Editor, PiC
mai 1993 3
Each of the contributors to the opinions section which follows were therefore asked to address the following statement and
questions.
The statement was:
"All political parties in Canada seem to agree that Science and Technology will play an increasingly important role in the
future development of the Canadian Economy.
The questions were:
"What policies should the Government of Canada be pursuing with respect to the development of Science and Technology
in this country?"
and secondly,
"How should such policies be implemented?"
With these questions as a stimulus, many of the contributors produced an individual and effective response.
Responses to the two questions above comprise the entire Opinions section of this issue of Physics in Canada.
O P I N I O N S
Dear Jasper,
Although I am not a Division Chair nor a Corporate Member,
I have taken the liberty to reply to your request for an
opinion on the statement and two questions included in
your fax memo of April 7th.
I love the statement: "All political parties in Canada etc...."
Such words are paraded before us by politicians of all
parties at every election, federal and provincial, and at
banquets, and then promptly forgotten!! I know of only one
instance where something was actually accomplished. That
happened when the Liberal government of David Peterson
in 1986 instituted the Premier's Technology Fund, to
support interaction between University and Industry, and to
create the Centres of Excellence Program. The importance
of this Fund, now called the Ontario Technology Fund was
recognized by the present NDP Government, and is being
continued even in these difficult times.
In this statement, however, I am concerned more with the
issue "that Science and Technology will play an increasingly
important role in the future development of the Canadian
Economy". Apparently, many physicists believe this! Some
are even promising that physics will solve all of the
problems of Canada and the world, - so give us the funds,
and we will do the job. But, where is the proof? I think it
is time we were ethical about what physics can deliver.
I believe we should stress that through the study of
experimental and theoretical physics, young people are
trained to think, to help solve problems, and to meet
difficult challenges of various kinds. Such studies lead to
the advancement of knowledge and, in time, to possibly
important application.
Also, are we not painting ourselves into a corner, and
forcing physicists in all fields to justify all endeavours in
science in terms of economic benefits?
4 Physics in Canada
May 1993 .
As for science policy, I quote from a report of the British
Council for Scientific Policy: "The tasks of science policy
are to maintain the environment for scientific discovery; to
ensure the provision of a sufficient share of the total
national resources; to ensure that there is a balance
between fields, and that others are not avoidably neglected;
to provide opportunities for inter-fertilization between fields,
and between the scientific programmes ol nations".
In my view, a good start could be made in implementing
such a policy, and particularly in improving the environment
for science, technology, and engineering irt Canada, by the
government increasing the number of active scientists and
engineers it appoints to Committees and Councils (such as
NABST and NRC, amongst others) in place of the
over-abundance of managers, accountants, economists,
lawyers, etc. who now sit on such consultative bodies.
Boris P. Stoicheft
Department of Physics
University of Toronto
Dear Jasper,
In response to your request for an opinion, may I offer the
following?
1.
What policies should the Government of Canada be
pursuing with respect to the development of science
and technology in Canada?
a)
recognize the overriding importance of science and
technology to the prosperity of Canada in the near
and especially the long term. Investment in science
and technology is vital: despite the huge national
debt and continuing deficits each year, science and
technology must be maintained or increased;
b)
2.
support excellence and build on existing strengths:
politicians must resist the temptation to reduce
support to existing successful science and
technology programs in favour of new, "exciting",
as yet untried and unproven projects. A proper
balance between the old and the new must be
maintained;
c)
emphasize performance in science and technology
that lends itself to practical exploitation and wealth
generation, for example, in materials science rather
than particle physics;
d)
emphasize science and technology within Canada:
for example, don't send government money
off-short to help other countries do theirs.
International collaboration is fine, but it must result
in science and technology being done in Canada, as
well as abroad.
How should such policies be implemented?
This is of course a much tougher question to answer.
One thing seems clear, however: government must
engage the assistance and expertise of top quality
scientists and managers of top-quality scientific
research programs, in order to develop and implement
these policies.
Government bureaucrats are often
highly competent people, but they do need help to "get
the science right", at least to avoid pouring taxpayers'
money away uselessly (a reference to the old scientific
tax credits scam). Physicists and other scientists have
a duty to ensure that their research is increasingly
relevant to modern society and that, as far as possible,
they are exploited for the economic benefit of society.
Government should encourage this wealth-generating
exploitation, but scientists are people who must make
it work -- we cannot sit back and leave government to
shoulder our responsibilities.
G. Dolling
Vice-President
AECL Research, Chalk River
Dear Jasper,
Dear Jasper,
I enclose my response to your recent fax containing two
questions about Canada's science policies. Thanks for the
opportunity respond. I hope it isn't too long, but then you
haven't mentioned a length restriction.
Certainly science and technology will continue to be
discussed by all political parties as motherhood and a
saleable item for the electorate, however the actual political
agenda will reflect evolving realities, especially major
developments that have occurred in the past few years.
Just as the end of WWII, the start of the cold war, the
space-race and the spawning of the baby boom generation
launched unprecedented expansion in science education and
fundamental and applied research industrial growth, one can
foresee that paralysing government debt, the recession, the
end of the cold war, and the onset of the global economy
will shape science and technology policies in the next
decade. A new paradigm for science and technology is
emerging for this generation just as it did for the previous
one.
What policies might develop and how might they be
implemented? The Government of Canada should become
more involved in developing national policies for science
education to ensure that all young people have equal
opportunities in this area. In research, with increasingly
scarce resources, federal and provincial governments should
fund research that has impact, viz, is judged to be truly
outstanding if it is fundamental and/or of direct benefit to
Canadian society. The establishment of provincial centres
of excellence, national networks and institutes for advanced
research already have started this process by "directing and
targeting" funds. On the industrial side, ways have to be
found to foster the growth of small and medium size
entrepreneurial companies in the high-tech area through
e.g. small business incentives program and perhaps loan
guarantees. Small companies represent a major opportunity
for economic growth. Such companies may also represent
real employment opportunities for an increasingly frustrated
group of talented university graduates since academic
positions are drying up during the "retirement boom" of the
90's, one of the legacies of the previous paradigm. Finally,
one hopes that whatever policies are developed, they will
be formed in consultation with appropriate leaders and the
scientific and industrial communities. It is unfortunate that
our country, unlike others, doesn't have science sufficiently
embedded in its culture that scientists can contemplate
running for parliamentary office and influence policy
directly.
For Canada, regeneration and development of the economic
engine must be among the highest priorities.
In that
process, science and technology is a means to that end.
Effective application is needed and must be supported by all
levels and areas of society. For the select few it can and
should remain an end. The selection process here should
become much more rigorous and exclusive.
H.D. Barber
Gennum Corporation
Henry M. van Driel
Chair, Division of Optical Physics
Dear Jasper,
I have been privileged to see the editorial for the Congress
issue which solicits response from Corporate Members of
Government policies for research funding and how they
should be implemented. I wish to respond as an individual
member of the CAP and one who has in recent years had to
face, as an administrator, the problems with diminishing
mai 1993 5
research funding. The problem we face in Canada I believe
goes beyond the actual funding or the mechanism for this
funding from governments but rests also with the physicists
themselves.
Although many physicists who engage in basic research
also each their subject at or near the frontiers of discovery,
few are engaged in general educational activities and fewer
still in the applications.
There is regretfully very little
interaction between physics departments at our universities
and education departments despite the increasing
awareness of the need for science education in schools.
There are very few physicists who even have an awareness
of the needs of industry, let alone have been helping to
solve problems - and this at a time when the economy is
weak and all signs point to the need for high tech in
strengthening this economy in the future.
Until there is a concerted effort by everyone to reach out
beyond the bounds of basic research, physicists as a whole
will be viewed as irrelevant to modern society.
Governments do provide funding through various agencies
to stimulate these interactions and this should continue or
be enhanced. Certainly the national laboratories should
have as one of their primary roles the goal to seek greater
interaction among the various disciplines and approahces in
their spheres of influence.
But it will take physicists
themselves to make the system work. Unless this effort is
made, funding for the basic science component of these
endeavours is bound to remain scarce. Through great
pressure from reduced funding, my colleagues and I have
had to be much more responsive and innovative these days
to varying needs - hopefully to our and Canada's benefit.
Discoveries in the basic sciences have led to great benefits
for society. Why cannot we emulate these successes as
we enter the 21st century? Physicists should be in the
vanguard to pass on high tech advances for the benefit of
society as a whole, not so much by demanding handouts
from governments, but by demonstrating how their
endeavours stimulate the social and economic strengths of
the country.
Dr. M. Harvey
Director, Physics Division
AECL Research, Chalk River
(c)
Maintain and expand Scientific Centres of Excellence in
Canada, for study of pure science, by increasing
linkages between Canadian universities and the
established NSERC Networks of Centres of Excellence,
as well as those Canadian research facilities that are
recognized as world class. At the same time, create
some stability in Canada's world class research
facilities, by establishing multi-year funding approvals.
Policy 2 - Improve the general level of science education in
Canada to achieve 80% of school leavers fully numerate
within five years.
Comment:
Although Canadian students excel in
international science tests, this tends to reflect peak
achievements by outstanding students. The level of general
science and mathematics training iri Canada for
non-scientists is deplorably low 1 . To flourish, 21st century
economies will require high overall standards of basic math
and scientific proficiency in the labour force.
Implementation Proposals:
(a) Introduce national proficiency tests in math, computing
and sciences, with award of a payment towards any
post-secondary education fees for those who pass.
(b) Implement a national review of
mathematics education in Canada.
science
and
(c) Tie federal education grants to provinces to better
overall performance in math and science
(d) Implement programmes to provide computer access to
all Canadian high school students.
Policy 3 - Increase business expenditure on R&D (BERD) in
Canada, to exceed 1 % of GDP within five years.
Comment: At about 1.2% of GDP, Canada's expenditure
on R&D is amongst the lowest in the OECD2. Although the
Canadian Government's expenditures on R&D are on a part
with other leading nations 3 , and Canadian tax laws are very
favourable to industrial R&D, Canadian BERD remains low 4 .
Further, government financing of BERD in Canada, at
11.2%, is only about a third of that in the U.S.A. (32.7%)
and significantly less than that in European countries. It is
also low in terms of the ratio of government financing of
BERD to GNP.
The following comprises the collective opinion of those at
TRIUMF in response to the questions posed. Five policies
are identified.
Policy 1 - Support Excellence in Science in Canada
(a) Implement a review of government funding of business
expenditures on R&D in Canada, with the following
objectives:
(a) Enhance the standing of the Royal Society of Canada,
utilizing their expertise for independent advice to
Cabinet on all aspects of science in Canada.
(b) Expand the existing NSERC "1967 Science and
Engineering Scholarship" by establishing postgraduate
scholarships for application at any Canadian university
open to Canadian and foreigners for postgraduate study
in science; e.g. 100 scholarships of $20k p.a. plus fees
and travel from home to Canadian university of choice.
6 Physics in Canada
May 1993 .
1
Source: 1 9 9 2 Study the Economic Council of Canada,
based on Statistics Canada data cf the Canadian
population born in Canada:
4 5 % of those 16-24 years of age are not fully numerate
3 0 % of those 25-34 years of age are not fully numerate
2
Statistics Canada data and Conference Board
Statistics Canada data and Conference Board
OECD data, 1 9 8 6
3
4
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
Increased government funding of BERD
Timely government funding of BERD
Efficient government funding of BERD
Effective government funding of BERD
e.g.. Increase maximum government share of
IRAP project funding to 75%. Eliminate
investment tax credits for R&D. Allow
"sale" of approved R&D investments to
taxpayers, after completion of the R&D.
lb) Implement tax changes favouring venture
investments in science and technology.
capital
This
Magazine
(c) Expand technology transfer from publicly funded
science and technology research to Canadian industry.
(d) Allow publicly funded Canadian labs to take part in
government programmes: Centres of Excellence, IRAP,
NSERC
chairs,
government
research
funding
(e.g.. Dept. of Transport).
is available
Policy 4
Back
microform
volumes
of this
Policy Proposals:
(a) Introduce tax incentives for companies hiring
graduates, from approved institutions, in math and
science.
in
publication
are available
in
microform
(film or
fiche).
(b) Introduce special tax relief for approved start-up
companies based on R&D, science or technology.
Policy 5 - Increase the level of R&D in Canada to exceed
2% of GDP within 5 years.
For
(a) Expand government funding of all sectors of science
and technology in Canada by the rate of inflation plus
five percent each year, for the next five years.
Michael La Brooy
Head, TRIUMF Information Office
further
information,
contact
ia.
Micromedia
Limited
Readers of this Journal and participants at the
Congress are invited to comment on both the
editorial and the opinions which follow. Your
comments will be welcomed by Physics in Canada
for publication in the discussion section of the
July 1993 issue.
Canada's
Information
People
20 Victoria Street,
Toronto, Ontario
M5C2N8
(416)362-5211
1-800-387-2689
Please send your submissions to the Editor or the
Managing Editor c/o the CAP Office. 151 Slater St..
Suite 903, Ottawa. Ontario. K1P 5H3,
Fax: (613) 238-1677. or e-mail:
[email protected] by 1993 June 30.
mai 1993 7
CANADIAN PHYSICISTS /
PHYSICIENS CANADIENS
University of Victoria Professor, Dr. Alan Astbury (Physics
and Astronomy) and Dr. Christopher J.R. Garrett (Physics
and Astronomy/School of Earth and Ocean Sciences) are
the only two Canadians this year to be elected Fellows of
the Royal Society (London), the oldest and most prestigious
scientific society in the world.
The citations, published in the Royal Society News for
March 1993, read as follows:
" Professor Alan Astbury,
R.M. Pearce Prof essor of
Physics ... and members
of the OPAL team at
CERN,
Geneva,
S w i t z e r l a n d .
É^^^
Distinguished his work
in high energy physics,
which
explores
the
fundamental particles of
matter and the nature of
the forces that bind
them together.
He
played a crucial role in
the discovery at CERN of t w o new elementary particles the W and Z bosons - and subsequent experiments that
proved conclusively the prediction of the link between the
electromagnetic and the weak interactions that operate
between particles."
t
"Professor Christopher
John Raymond Garrett,
Lansdowne Professor of
Ocean
Physics
Distinguished for his
studies on the motions
and
processes
controlling the oceans.
His work on all aspects,
from
the
detailed
processes of mixing and
dispersion in the ocean
to the analysis and
prediction of iceberg
trajectories and ocean
tides, has extended both our understanding of these
processes and our interpretation of observations.
Astbury joined the UVic faculty in 1983 and holds the
R.M. Pearce Chair in Physics.
He was awarded the
Rutherford Medal and Prize by the Institute of Physics (U.K.)
in 1986. Garrett joined the UVic faculty in 1991 and holds
the Lansdowne Chair in Ocean Physics. He has been
awarded an E.W.R. Steacie Memorial Fellowship of the
National Research Council of Canada and a Guggenheim
Fellowship. Both are members of the Royal Society of
Canada.
Astbury and Garrett join 3 adjunct faculty
members of the department as Fellows of the Royal Society
(London), Dr. R.W. Stewart, Dr. Sidney van den Bergh, and
Dr. E. Irving.
8 Physics in Canada
May 1993 .
NEWS / NOUVELLES
Household Refrigerator Warning
(Canadian Standards A s s o c . N e w s Release)
Toronto, Ontario, March 9, 1993: The Canadian Standards
Association (CSA) and Inglis Limited are warning users of
certain 13 and 15 cubic foot, 2-door, frost-free
refrigerators, with the electric butter conditioner feature to
be aware of a potential fire hazard. The models involved
have the TYPE designation F.I.P.1 and F.I.P.2 on the serial
plate and were sold under the brand names Inglis,
Whirlpool, and Kenmore.
An investigation by the CSA and Inglis Limited revealed the
potential for the connection to the electric butter
conditioner to deteriorate over a period of years as a result
of moisture entrapment.
This condition may cause
overheating and may ignite the plastic grille and door liner.
Approximately 199,000 of these units were produced
between 1978 and 1986. About 155,000 are estimated to
still be in use.
The serial number and TYPE designated are listed on a
plate, located in one of two places:
1 ) Below the door, and behind the bottom grille or
2) Inside the refrigerator on the upper right interior wall.
Users of this type of refrigerator are asked to immediately
contact the Inglis Limited 24-hour toll-free number, at
1-800-263-2938 or 255-3428 in the Toronto area. Users
should have their serial and model numbers available when
they call. The refrigerator modification will be provided free
of charge, occur in the user's home, and take approximately
10 minutes to complete.
For further information, please contact:
M r . Conrad Tucker
Media Relations Coordinator
Canadian Standards A s s o c .
(416) 7 4 7 - 2 4 5 6
M s Heather Clifford,
Corp. Communications
Inglis Limited
(416) 8 2 1 - 6 4 4 1
CAP's 1st Art of Physics Competition
The CAP's first Art of Physics competition was held this
year. 3 4 entries were received in total: 4 in the high
school category and 3 0 in the open category. The
entries will be displayed in the South Concourse near the
poster exhibit, w i t h the winners announced at the CAP
Congress banquet.
An exhibit featuring the winners and other noteworthy
entries will be available for display at museums,
institutions, or other locations by the end of August. If
you are interested in borrowing the exhibit, or know of
an appropriate location for an exhibit, please contact the
CAP Office to make the necessary arrangements.
CALENDAR / CALENDRIER
Symposium on Ultrashort Pulse Lasers and Dense Plasmas,
1993 June 13, Simon Fraser University, B.C.
CISR Workshop:
Materials Research with Synchrotron
Radiation, 1993 June 13-16, Simon Fraser University, B.C.
CAP 1993 Annual Congress,
Fraser University, B.C.
1993 June 13-16, Simon
67th Annual Colloid and Surface Science Symposium,
1993 June 20-23, University of Toronto.
For further
information, please contact: Michael L. Hair, Research
Fellow, Xerox Research Centre of Canada.
Fifth
Canadian
Materials
Science
Conference,
1993 June 22-25, Royal Military College of Canada,
Kingston, Ontario. Incorporating the 43rd Canadian Metal
Physics Conference and the 1 7th Canadian Metal Chemistry
Conference, the CMSC invites research papers on the
processing, microstructure, and properties of materials.
Financial assistance is avaiable for student travelling more
than 300 km to Kingston. For further information, please
contact: Dr. W.T. Thompson, Department of Chemical and
Materials Engineering, RMC, Kingston, Ontario, K7K 5L0.
Tel: (613) 544-6159; Fax: (613) 544-7900.
Sixth International Conference on Multi-photon Processes,
1993 June 24-30, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. Abstract
deadline: 1993 February 12. For more information, please
contact: Optical Society of America, Meetings Department,
2010 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, D.C.
Tel: (202) 233-0920; Fax: (202) 416-6100.
1st Canadian NMR Summer Institute, Waterloo Summer
School, 1993 June 29 - July 3; Advances in NMR,
1993 July 5-9. For further information, please contact
Dr. H. Peemoeller, Physics Department, University of
Waterloo,
Waterloo,
Ontario,
N2L
3G1.
Tel: ( 5 1 9 ) 8 8 5 - 1 2 1 1 , ext. 2633; Fax: (519) 746-8115;
E-mail: [email protected]
Biophysics of the Cell Membrane, 1993 August 8-20,
Simon Fraser University, B.C. The meeting is a summer
school sponsored by the Biophysical Society of Canada and
the Canadian Association of Physicists. The intended
audience includes researchers, postdoctoral fellows and
senior graduate students. Limited financial support will be
available to participants. For further information, please
contact: Profs. David Boal or Michael Wortis, Dept. of
Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby BC, V5A 1S6.
22nd International Conference on the Physics of
Semiconductors, 1993 August 14-19, Vancouver, B.C.
Sponsored by the International Union of Pure and Applied
Physics. For more information contact C. Schwerdtfeger,
Physics Department, UBC, Vancouver, B.C., V6T 1Z1,
Tel: (604) 822-3853; Fax: (604) 822-5324.
The Twelfth Annual Scientific Meeting and Exhibition of the
Society
of
Magnetic
Resonance
in
Medicine,
1993 August 14-20, New York, New York. For more
information, please contact SMRM, 1918 University Ave.,
Suite 3C, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA. Tel: (510) 841-1899.
Fax: (510) 841-2340.
EPS 9 - Trends in Physics, 1993 September 14-17, Firenze,
Italy. This is the nineth General Conference of the
European Physical Society.
Deadline for abstracts is
1993 April 2.
For further information, please contact
R.A. Ricci, INFN via Romea 4, 3 5 0 2 0 Legnaro, Italy.
Forty-Sixth Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference,
1993 October 19-22, Montreal, Quebec, hosted by the
Université de Montréal, sponsored by APS and DAMP. For
further information, see the "News" section of this issue or
contact Michel Moisan, Secretary, 46th Gaseous Electronics
Conference, Département de physique. Université de
Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7.
Tel: (514)
343-6671; E-Mail: [email protected].
Fourth International Conference on Improvement of
Materials, 1993 December 1-3, Euro Disney Resort, Paris,
France. Papers can be submitted on the following topics:
Surface Treatments; Fatigue, Fracture, Stress; Welding &
Joining; Corrosion & Erosion; Laser Metal Processing;
Tribology; and Composites Materials & Structures.
Abstracts (200 words) are due by 1993 March 30. For
further information, please contact: Institute for Industrial
Technology Transfer, 94 Promenade A. Ballu, F-93460
Bournay
sur
Marne.
Tel:
33-1-45921771;
Fax: 33-1-45929215, Telex: 250303 (Att. IITT).
1994 World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical
Engineering, 1994 August 21-24, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
For further information, please contact Solange Oliveira,
Congress Secretariat, Rua do Ouvidor, 60/414, Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil, CEP 20040.
12th International Conference on Spectral Line Shapes,
1994 June 13-17, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. For further
information, please contact A.D. May, Physics Department,
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A7.
Fax: (416) 978-5848.
Joint Meeting - DAMOP (APS) I DAMP (CAP),
1995 May 17-19, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. For further
information, please contact A.D. May, Physics Department,
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A7.
Fax: (416) 978-5848.
MARK YOUR CALENDARS -- FUTURE CAP CONFERENCES
CAP 1994 Annual Congress, 1994 June 26-29. University
of Regina, Saskatchewan.
CAP 1995 Annual Congress ~ 50th Anniversary, tentative
dates, 1995 June 18-21, Université Laval, Quebec.
CAP
1996
Annual
Congress,
tentative
1996 June 16-19, University of Ottawa.
dates,
mai 1993 9
Association canadienne des physiciens
Institutional Members // Membres l'institutionel
Acadia University
Brandon University
Brock University
Carleton University
CEGEP de C h i c o u t i m i
Collège Édouard-Montpetit
Concordia University
Dalhousie University
J o h n A b b o t t College
Lakehead University
Laurentian University
McGill University
McMaster University
Queen's University
Royal Military College, Kingston
Saint Mary's University
St. Francis Xavier University
S i m o n Fraser U n i v e r s i t y
Trent University
U n i v e r s i t y of A l b e r t a
U n i v e r s i t y of British C o l u m b i a
U n i v e r s i t y of Calgary
U n i v e r s i t y of G u e l p h
Université Laval
U n i v e r s i t y of M a n i t o b a
U n i v e r s i t é de M o n c t o n
Université de M o n t r é a l
U n i v e r s i t y of N e w B r u n s w i c k
U n i v e r s i t y of O t t a w a
U n i v e r s i t y of P r i n c e E d w a r d I s l a n d
Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières
U n i v e r s i t y of R e g i n a
U n i v e r s i t y of S a s k a t c h e w a n
U n i v e r s i t é de S h e r b r o o k e
U n i v e r s i t y of T o r o n t o
U n i v e r s i t y of V i c t o r i a
U n i v e r s i t y of W a t e r l o o
U n i v e r s i t y of W e s t e r n O n t a r i o
U n i v e r s i t y of W i n d s o r
U n i v e r s i t y of W i n n i p e g
W i l f r i d Laurier U n i v e r s i t y
York University
* • * * * # * • * * * * » * * • # * * • • * • * * * « * * * * * • * • • * *
1 9 9 3 Sustaining Members // Membres de Soutien
A. John Alcock
H.R. A n d r e w s
J. Brian A t k i n s o n
C. B r u c e B i g h a m
H.A. Buckmaster
Hugh Carmichael
L a u r e n t G. C a r o n
A l l a n I. C a r s w e l l
R o b e r t L. C l a r k e
W . G . Davies
Christian Demers
Gerald Dolling
Gordon W.F. Drake
M a r t i n H. E d w a r d s
Earl J . Fjarlie
D.J.W. Geldart
10
Physics i n C a n a d a
May 1993 .
William M. Gray
G e o f f r e y C. Hanna
John Stephen Hebron
Gerhard Herzberg
A . Hirose
Roger H o w a r d
A l l a n E. J a c o b s
J. Larkin K e r w i n
J a m e s D. King
Georgina M . Lees
Ron M . Lees
Roger A . Lessard
Alexander Lightstone
A.E. Litherland
A. David May
Jasper S.C. M c K e e
J-L Meunier
Raymond Michel
J.C. Douglas Milton
Allan A. Offenberger
Satti Paddi Reddy
J.M. Robson
Donald W.L. Sprung
B o r i s P. S t o i c h e f f
E.L. T o m u s i a k
Paul S . V i n c e t t
Erich V o g t
Plus t w o o t h e r s w h o w i s h t o
remain anonymous
1993 CAP CONGRESS / CONGRES ACP 1 9 9 3
The Local C o m m i t t e e , chaired by Dr. Michael Plischke,
w e l c o m e s all participants t o the 48th Annual Congress of the
Canadian Association
of Physicists t o be held Sunday, June 1 3
through W e d n e s d a y , J u n e 16 at Simon Fraser University in
Burnaby, British Columbia. The conference opens on Sunday
evening w i t h registration, a public lecture and a w e l c o m e
reception and ends on W e d n e s d a y afternoon. There will also be
symposia organized by the Division of Condensed Matter
Physics and the Division of Plasma Physics on Sunday.
Le comité organisateur local, présidé par le D' Michael Plischke,
vous invite t o u s au 48" Congrès annuel de
l'Association
canadienne des physiciens,
qui se tiendra à l'Université Simon
Fraser, à Burnaby (Colombie-Britannique), du dimanche 13 juin
au mercredi 16 juin. Le Congrès débutera le dimanche soir
avec l'inscription, une conférence publique et une réception
d'inauguration.
Il se terminera le mercredi après-midi.
Le
dimanche se tiendront également des colloques organisés par
la Division de la physique de la matière condensée et par la
Division de la physique des plasmas.
SOCIAL EVENTS
ACTIVITÉS SPÉCIALES
Running along the crest of 3 6 6 metre high Burnaby Mountain,
Simon Fraser University's unique, prize-winning campus offers
spectacular v i e w s of Vancouver and its surrounding rivers,
mountains, ocean and islands. The c a m p u s is located w i t h i n
the municipality of Burnaby, close t o the cosmopolitan city of
Vancouver - one of the m o s t beautiful cities in the w o r l d .
Accessible by car and a public bus service, the campus is
15 minutes f r o m the bus terminal at Lougheed Mall and
3 0 minutes (by car) f r o m d o w n t o w n Vancouver. More detailed
information about shopping, restaurants, and cultural events
will be available at the Registration Desk.
Perché à 3 6 6 mètres sur la montagne de Burnaby, le campus
unique de l'Université, qui a été primé, offre une vue
spectaculaire sur Vancouver et les rivières, les montagnes,
l'océan et les îles environnants. Il est dans la municipalité de
Burnaby, proche de la ville cosmopolite de Vancouver, l'une des
plus belles villes du monde. On peut y aller en voiture ou en
autobus. Le campus est à 1 5 minutes de la gare des autobus de
Lougheed Mail, et à 3 0 minutes de voiture du centre de
Vancouver. Vous pourrez obtenir des renseignements sur les
magasins, les restaurants et les é v é n e m e n t s culturels en vous
adressant au Bureau d'inscription.
Saturday, June 1 2
Registration and W e l c o m e Reception for all those delegates
attending the Sunday W o r k s h o p s w i l l be held in the University
Centre Building (Student Pub) f r o m 1 7 0 0 . A drink ticket and
light supper w i l l be provided courtesy of Dr. Michael T h e w a l t ,
Simon Fraser University, and the Division of Condensed Matter
Physics. The " P u b " is located in the Main Mall directly opposite
the Library.
Le samedi 12 juin
L'inscription et l'accueil de t o u s les délégués participant aux
ateliers du dimanche se dérouleront University Centre Building
(le Pub), à partir de 1 7 h. Une c o n s o m m a t i o n (sur présentation
d ' u n coupon) de même q u ' u n léger souper seront servis,
gracieuseté du D' Michael T h e w a l t , de l'Université Simon Fraser
et de la Division of Condensed M a t t e r Physics. Le «Pub» est
situé juste en face de la bibliothèque (Main Mail).
Sunday, June 13
W e l c o m e Reception f r o m 2 0 0 0 h at the Diamond University
Club immediately f o l l o w i n g the lecture in Images Theatre. Drink
tickets and light snacks w i l l be provided for this reception.
Le dimanche 13 juin
À partir de 2 0 h, soit i m m é d i a t e m e n t après la conférence
prononcée dans le Images Theatre, les participants seront reçus
au Diamond University Club.
Des c o n s o m m a t i o n s (sur
présentation de coupons) de m ê m e q u ' u n léger goûter seront
o f f e r t s à cette occasion.
Tuesday, June 15
Conference banquet at the Pink Pearl Restaurant - considered
t o serve the best Cantonese f o o d in Vancouver and by
extention the best in the country.
Banquet tickets are on sale
for $ 3 5 per person inclusive of bus transportation to and f r o m
the restaurant and applicable taxes. To ensure availability of
banquet t i c k e t s , t h e y should be reserved and paid for w h e n you
return your registration f o r m . A limited number of tickets w i l l
be available at the conference registration desk during the
Sunday evening registration and on M o n d a y until 12 noon.
Le mardi 15 juin
Banquet du Congrès au restaurant Pink Pearl, considéré c o m m e
le meilleur restaurant de cuisine cantonaise de Vancouver, et
même du pays. Les billets coûtent 3 5 $ par personne, ce qui
c o m p r e n d le transport aller-retour par autobus et les taxes. Pour
vous assurer d'avoir une place, réservez votre billet et payez-le
avec votre formulaire d'inscription. Un nombre limité de billets
seront en vente au bureau du Congrès le dimanche soir et lundi,
jusqu'à midi, à l'inscription.
REGISTRATION INFORMATION
INSCRIPTION
Registration w i l l take place on Saturday, June 12, f r o m
1 7 0 0 - 1 9 9 0 in the University Centre Building (Student Pub); site
of the Saturday reception.
From Sunday, June 13, the
registration desk will be located in the South Concourse of the
A c a d e m i c Quadrangle (refer t o the Registration/Campus
A c c o m m o d a t i o n section for opening/closing times).
The
Registration Desk, Exhibitors, Posters, as w e l l as many of the
sessions w i l l be located in the South Concourse.
Les participants pourront s'inscrire le samedi 12 juin, de 17 h
à 19 h, dans le Université Centre Building (Student Pub), là où
se déroulera la réception du samedi. À partir du dimanche
1 3 juin, le Bureau d'inscription sera situé dans l'aile sud (South
Concourse) du Academic Quadrangle (consultez la section
Inscription et Hébergement pour les heures d'ouverture). C'est
également à cet endroit que seront situés les kiosques des
exposants et les affiches et qu'auront lieu un bon nombre de
sessions.
All participants must be registered and are requested to wear
their name tag at all times.
Tous les participants sont tenus de s'inscrire; on les encourage
à toujours porter leur insigne d'identité.
mai 1993 11
Registration fees
For those w h o have not pre-registered as of M a y 2, the fees
are:
$260.00
$320.00
$ 75.00
$ 90.00
Members and Invited Speakers
Non-Members
Student M e m b e r s
Non-Member Students
High School/
Junior College Teachers
Retirees
One Day Registration:
( M o n d a y , Tuesday or Wednesday)
Frais d'inscription
Pour les personnes qui s'inscriront après le 2 mai, les frais
seront les suivants:
$ 75.00($25/day)
$135.00
Membres et conférenciers invités
Non-membres
Membres étudiants
Étudiants non membres
Enseignants: écoles secondaires
et «junior colleges»
Retraités
$135.00
Inscription d ' u n jour
(lundi, mardi ou mercredi)
260
320
75
90
$
$
$
$
75 $ (25$/jour)
135 $
135 $
Optional (not included in conference fee):
Sunday Dinner at SFU
$ 14.00
Tuesday Conference Banquet
$ 35.00
Activités facultatives (non comprises dans les Frais de Congrès):
Dîner du dimanche à l'Université
14 $
Banquet du Congrès, le mardi
35 $
1.
The registration fee includes a copy of the Conference Program, admission
to all program sessions, exhibits, the poster session, the Sundey welcome
reception and all refreshment breaks. The fee does not include the Tuesday
Chinese Banquet.
1.
Les frais d'inscription comprennent le programme du Congrès, l'admission
à toutes les séances du programme, aux affiches, è la réception du dimanche
et & toutes les pauses rafraîchissements. Ils n'incluent pas le banquet chinois
du mardi.
2.
Banquet tickets mey be purchased at $35 per person.
trensportation to/from the restaurent and 7% GST.
The price includes
2.
Les billets du banquet sont vendus au prix de 35 $ par personne, ce qui
comprend le transport aller-retour et 7 % de TPS.
3.
Delegates ettending the Condensed Matter end Plasma Physics divisional
symposia scheduled for Sunday should note their attendance on the
registretion form.
3.
Les délégués qui participeront aux colloques de la DPP et de la DCMP prévus
le dimanche sont priés de l'indiquer sur le formuleire d'inscription.
4.
Accommodation, meals and trensportation
conference registration fee.
4.
L'hébergement, les repes et les transports ne sont pus inclus dans les freis
d'inscription.
costs are not included in the
Registrations received after 5 : 0 0 p m (PST) on Friday, June 4 t h
may not be processed.
A f t e r J u n e 4 t h , delegates should
register on site. Student delegates should include a letter from
the head of their department certifying their status.
Les inscriptions reçues le vendredi 4 juin tiprès 17 h (PST)
risquent de ne pas être traitées. Après le 4 juin, les délégués
devront s'inscrire sur place. Les étudiants doivent joindre une
lettre de leur chef de département pour attester leur statut.
Conference fees are q u o t e d
inclusive of 7 % GST.
are
Les frais d'inscription sont en dollars canadiens et comprennent
7 % de TPS.
Methods of Payment
Payment can be made by credit card (Mastercard or Visa) or
cheque (made payable to Simon Fraser University for
CAP 1993) and should a c c o m p a n y the registration f o r m .
Registrations sent w i t h o u t fee p a y m e n t will not be processed.
Participants w h o pay by credit card should fax their registration
f o r m t o SFU Conference Services at fax (604) 2 9 1 - 3 4 2 0 .
Modalités de paiement
Le paiement doit accompagner l'inscription. Il peut être effectué
par carte de crédit (Mastercard ou VISA) ou par chèque (libellé
à l'ordre de: Simon Fraser University for CAP 1993). Les
formulaires sans paiement ne seront pas traités. Les
participants qui paieront par carte de crédit devront envoyer
leur formulaire d'inscription par télécopieur aux Conference
Services, au ( 6 0 4 ) 2 9 1 - 3 4 2 0 .
Cancellation Policy
Cancellations received on or before June 4 w i l l be refunded,
less a $ 2 0 . 0 0 Handling fee.
No refund will be made for
cancellations
after
June
4,
except
in
extentuating
circumstances. To be issued a refund by the
University,
participants
must return their original Simon Fraser
University
receipt to Conference
Services.
Politique d'annulation
Les demandes d'annulation reçues au plus t a r d le 4 juin seront
remboursées, moins 2 0 $ de frais d'administration. Il n ' y aura
plus de remboursement après le 4 juin, sauf circonstances
exceptionnelles. Pour recevoir un chèque de remboursement
de
l'Université,
les participants
doivent renvoyer le reçu original de
l'Université
Simon Fraser aux Conference
Services.
ACCOMMODATION
HÉBERGEMENT
Participants seeking a c c o m m o d a t i o n should reserve their rooms
directly w i t h the University Residences or the hotel of their
choice. Early reservation is r e c o m m e n d e d since room blocks in
the University residences are being held until M a y 14, 1 9 9 3
and rooms reserved after that date w i l l be on a space-available
basis.
Les participants doivent réserver e u x - m ê m o s leurs chambres
aux résidences de l'Université ou à l'hôtel de leur choix. On
conseille de réserver t ô t , puisque les résidences acceptent de
garder des chambres pour les congressistes
jusqu'au
14 mai 1 9 9 3 ; après cette date, les réiservations seront
acceptées selon le taux de vacance.
12 Physics in Canada
May 1993 .
in
Canadian
dollars
and
On-Campus Accommodation
Hébergement sur le campus
The Campus A c c o m m o d a t i o n O f f i c e is located on the ground
floor of M c T a g g a r t C o w a n Hall and is open from 8:30 a.m. to
1 2 : 0 0 midnight.
Check-in after 2 p m and out by 11 am.
Guests w h o arrive after midnight are asked to stop at the
University Security O f f i c e before proceeding t o the Residences.
Limited free parking is available for guests staying at the
Residences.
Parking passes m u s t be obtained f r o m the
Conference A c c o m m o d a t i o n O f f i c e upon check-in.
Le
Bureau
d'hébergement
sur
le c a m p u s ,
situé
au
rez-de-chaussée du pavillon McTaggart
Cowan, est ouvert de
8 h 3 0 à minuit. Arrivée après 14 heures; départ à 11 heures.
Les personnes qui arriveront après minuit devront s'arrêter au
bureau de sécurité de l'Université avant d'aller aux résidences.
Le stationnement est gratuit pour les personnes logées en
résidence. Les participants qui logeront dans les résidences
pourront stationner g r a t u i t e m e n t ; cependant, c o m m e les
espaces sont limités, ils devront demander, dès leur arrivée, un
permis de stationnement au Bureau d ' h é b e r g e m e n t .
Townhouse Accommodation
T o w n h o u s e facilities consist of 4 bedrooms sharing 2 full
bathrooms. All rooms are single bedded rooms and are supplied
w i t h linen, blankets, t o w e l s , soap and daily housekeeping
services. Bedrooms are fully furnished as are kitchen and living
rooms. Coin operated laundry facilities are available to guests
w i t h i n the t o w n h o u s e village.
Maisons en rangée
Ces maisons comprennent 4 chambres et deux salles de bain
c o m m u n e s complètes. Les chambres sont t o u t e s à un lit et
entièrement équipées, avec draps, couvertures, serviettes de
toilette et savon. Service d'entretien quotidien assuré. Les
chambres, la cuisine et les salles de séjour sont meublées. Il y
a des machines à laver à pièces dans le village des maisons.
McTaggart-Cowan Hall
Facilities consist of single bedded rooms - there are a limited
number of t w i n rooms - and are supplied w i t h linen, blankets,
t o w e l s , soap and daily housekeeping services. All rooms are
equipped w i t h a small refrigerator arid have access to
c o m m u n a l w a s h r o o m s and kitchen facilities on each floor.
Kitchens are supplied w i t h kettles, toasters, can openers,
stoves and m i c r o w a v e s but no cooking utensils.
A
coin-operated laundry, pay telephones and a TV room are
located in the building.
McTaggart-Cowan Hall
Chambres simples, avec quelques chambres à deux lits, toutes
équipées (draps, couvertures, serviettes de toilette et savon) et
dotées d ' u n petit réfrigérateur. Service d'entretien quotidien
assuré. Il y a, à tous les étages, une cuisine et des toilettes
c o m m u n e s . Les cuisines comprennent cuisinière et four à microondes, bouilloire, grille-pain, ouvre-boîtes, mais pas d'ustensiles
de cuisine. La résidence possède une buanderie (à pièces), des
téléphones payants et un salon de télévision.
On-Campus
Tarifs d'hébergement
Accommodation
Rates
sur le
campus
T o w n h o u s e Units
Single (1 person-1 bedroom):
$ 3 2 / n g t + 8 % hotel tax + 7 % GST = $ 3 6 . 8 0
Double (2 people-2 bedrooms):
$ 4 8 / n g t + 8 % hotel tax + 7 % GST = $ 5 5 . 2 0
Family (2 adults and 2 children-4 bedrooms):
$ 5 8 / n g t + 8 % hotel tax + 7 % GST = $ 6 6 . 7 0
Maisons en rangée
Ch. simple (1 pers. - 1 ch.)3 2 $ / n u i t + 8 % taxe hôtelière + 7 % TPS = 3 6 , 8 0 $
Ch. double (2 pers. - 2 ch.)4 8 $ / n u i t + 8 % taxe hôtelière + 7 % TPS = 5 5 , 2 0 $
Famille (2 adultes et 2 enfants- 4 chambres)5 8 $ / n u i t + 8 % taxe hôtelière + 7 % TPS = 6 6 , 7 0 $
M c T a g g a r t - C o w a n Hall
Single (1 bedroom):
$ 2 6 / n g t + 8 % r o o m tax + 7 % GST =
T w i n (2 people; 1 bedroom):
$ 3 7 / n g t + 8 % room tax + 7 % GST =
M c T a g g a r t - C o w a n Hall
Ch. simple (1 pers. - 1 ch.)2 6 $ / n u i t + 8 % taxe hôtelière + 7 % TPS = 2 9 , 9 0 $
Ch. double (2 pers. - 1 ch.)3 7 $ / n u i t + 8 % taxe hôtelière + 7 % TPS = 4 2 , 5 5 $
$29.90
$42.55
Room reservation f o r m s must be received by M a y 14, 1 9 9 3 to
guarantee a room. Reservations received after this date will be
assigned rooms subject to availability. One n i g h t ' s deposit is
required t o hold the reservation and the balance is due on
arrival.
Deposits w i l l be refunded if w r i t t e n cancellation is
received no later t h a n M a y 3 1 , 1 9 9 3 .
Le formulaire de réservation doit être reçu au plus tard le
14 mai 1 9 9 3 pour q u ' u n e chambre soit garantie. Après cette
date, les chambres seront attribuées selon les disponibilités. Le
paiement d'une nuit garantit la réservation; le solde doit être
réglé à l'arrivée. Pour se faire rembourser un dépôt, il faut faire
une demande écrite d'annulation
avant le 31 mai 1993.
Pay by cheque (payable t o Simon Fraser University), Visa or
Mastercard. Reservations m a y be made by mailing or faxing
the attached A c c o m m o d a t i o n Request Form or phoning the
A c c o m m o d a t i o n o f f i c e , M c T a g g a r t - C o w a n Hall, Simon Fraser
University, Burnaby, B.C. V 5 A 1S6; tel: (604) 2 9 1 - 4 5 0 3 ;
f a x : (604) 2 9 1 - 5 9 0 3 .
Payez par chèque (libellé à l'ordre de Simon Fraser University),
VISA ou Mastercard et réservez par la poste ou par télécopieur
en envoyant le formulaire d'hébergement ci-joint, ou en
téléphonant. Adresse: A c c o m m o d a t i o n Office, McTaggartC o w a n Hall, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby (C.-B.) V 5 A 1 S6.
Tél.: ( 6 0 4 ) 2 9 1 - 4 5 0 3 . Téléc.: (604) 2 9 1 - 5 9 0 3 .
Off Campus Accommodation
Hébergement
- Close to Simon Fraser
University
For participants w i s h i n g t o stay at a nearby hotel, the motels
and motor inns listed below are w i t h i n easy ( 1 0 - 1 5 minutes)
driving/bussing distance of Simon Fraser University.
Please
deal directly w i t h these facilities, but m e n t i o n that you are
hors campus
- près de
l'Université
Voici ci-dessous une liste d ' h ô t e l s , motels et motor inns pas
très éloignés en voiture ou en autobus ( 1 0 - 1 5 minutes) de
l'Université. Faites directement vos réservations en précisant
que vous venez en congrès à l'Université Simon Fraser pour
mai 1993 13
attending a conference at Simon Fraser University t o get these
rates. All rates q u o t e d are exclusive of 8 % hotel tax and
7 % GST. Rates m a y be subject to change.
bénéficier de ces tarifs. Les tarifs ne comprennent pas la taxe
hôtelière de 8 % et la TPS de 7 % . Les tarifs pouvent changer.
Coquitlam Best Western:
3 1 9 N o r t h Road, Coquitlam, B.C. V 3 K 3 V 8 .
Tel: (604) 9 3 1 - 9 0 1 1 , toll free 1 - 8 0 0 - 6 6 8 - 3 3 8 3 ,
f a x : (604) 9 3 1 - 7 2 9 8 .
Check-in after 1 p m / o u t 11 a m . Dining r o o m ,
c o f f e e shop, lounge, indoor pool, sauna, jacuzzi.
Cost: $ 8 3 / n i g h t (single.)
Coquitlam Best Western:
3 1 9 North Road, Coquitlam (C.-B.) V 3 K 3 V 8 .
Tél. ( 6 0 4 ) 9 3 1 - 9 0 1 1 , sans frais 1 - 8 0 0 - 6 6 8 - 3 3 8 3 .
Téléc. ( 6 0 4 ) 9 3 1 - 7 2 9 8 .
Arrivée après 13 h /départ à 11 h. Salle à manger,
café-restaurant, salon, piscine intérieure, sauna, jacuzzi.
Coût: 8 3 $/nuit (ch. simple).
Coquitlam Slumber Lodge:
7 3 0 Clarke Road, Coquitlam, B.C. V 3 J 3 Y 1 .
Tel: (604) 9 3 7 - 7 7 3 7 , f a x : (604) 9 3 7 - 7 7 4 5 .
Check-in/out at 11 am. Indoor pool, sauna, free c o f f e e and
local calls.
Coquitlam Slumber Lodge:
7 3 0 Clarke Road, Coquitlam (C.-B.) V 3 J 3 Y 1 .
Tél.: ( 6 0 4 ) 9 3 7 - 7 7 3 7 . Téléc.: ( 6 0 4 ) 9 3 7 - 7 7 4 5 .
Arrivée/départ à 11 h. Piscine intérieure, sauna, café et appels
locaux gratuits.
Days Inn - Coquitlam:
7 2 5 Brunette A v e . N., Coquitlam, B.C. V 3 K 1C3.
Tel/fax:
(604)
525-7777,
toll
free
1-800-325-2525.
Check-in/out at 1 1 a m .
Restaurant, outdoor pool, sauna,
jacuzzi.
Days Inn - Coquitlam:
7 2 5 Brunette A v e N., Coquitlam (C.-B.) V 3 K 1C3.
Tél./téléc.: ( 6 0 4 ) 5 2 5 - 7 7 7 7 , sans frais
1-800-325-2525.
Arrivée/départ à 11 h. Restaurant, piscine extérieure, sauna,
jacuzzi.
Cost $ 6 8 / n i g h t (single.)
Lake City Motor Inn:
Lake City Motor Inn:
5 4 1 5 Lougheed H i g h w a y , Burnaby, B.C. V5B 2 Z 7 .
Tel: (604) 2 9 4 - 5 3 3 1 , f a x : (604) 2 9 4 - 5 6 2 9 .
Check-in at 2 p m / o u t by 11 am. Restaurant and indoor hot tub.
Cost $63/night (single.)
Squire Motor Inn:
6 3 1 Lougheed H i g h w a y , Coquitlam, B.C. V 3 K 3S5.
Tel: (604) 9 3 1 - 4 4 3 3 , f a x : (604) 9 3 1 - 4 2 5 0 .
Check-in after 2 p m / o u t by 12 noon. Restaurant, lounge, indoor
pool, sauna and jacuzzi.
Vancouver
Accommodation
5 4 1 5 Lougheed H i g h w a y , Burnaby (C.-B.) V 5 B 2 Z 7 .
Tél.: ( 6 0 4 ) 2 9 4 - 5 3 3 1 . Téléc.: ( 6 0 4 ) 2 9 4 - 5 6 2 9 .
Arrivée à 14 h/départ à 11 h. Restaurant et bain tourbillon
intérieur.
Coût: 63 $/nuit (ch. simple).
Squire Motor Inn:
6 3 1 Lougheed H i g h w a y , Coquitlam (C.-B.) V 3 K 3S5.
Tél.: ( 6 0 4 ) 9 3 1 - 4 4 3 3 . Téléc.: ( 6 0 4 ) 9 3 1 - 4 2 5 0 .
Arrivée après 14 h/départ à midi. Restaurant, salon, piscine
intérieure, sauna et jacuzzi.
Coût: 57 $/nuit
simple).
Hébergement
à (ch.
Vancouver
Some delegates m a y w i s h t o s t a y in Vancouver and drive/take
local transit t o Simon Fraser University. Please note that SFU
is approximately 3 0 kilometres f r o m d o w n t o w n Vancouver w i t h
a driving t i m e f r o m Vancouver of approximately 3 0 minutes by
car and approximately 1 hour by local transit.
Certains délégués peuvent préférer s'installer è Vancouver
aller à l'Université en voiture ou en utilisant les transports
c o m m u n . L'Université est à une trentaine de kilomètres
centre de Vancouver. Le trajet prend environ 3 0 minutes
voiture et 1 heure en autobus.
Days Inn - Vancouver, Downtown:
9 2 1 W e s t Pender Street, Vancouver, B.C. V 6 C 1 M 2 .
Tel: (604) 6 8 1 - 4 3 3 5 , f a x : (604) 6 8 1 - 7 8 0 8 .
Check in after 2 p m / o u t by 11 am. A block of rooms has been
reserved at this small European-style hotel w i t h dining room,
lounge and pub.
Free parking for hotel guests.
Close t o
Simon Fraser University at Harbour Centre, G a s t o w n , Canada
Place, Vancouver Art Gallery, restaurants and shopping.
Cost: $82/night (single.)
Days Inn - Vancouver, Downtown:
9 2 1 West Pender Street, Vancouver (C.-B.) V 6 C 1 M 2 .
Tél.: ( 6 0 4 ) 6 8 1 - 4 3 3 5 . Téléc.: ( 6 0 4 ) 6 8 1 - 7 8 0 8 .
Arrivée après 14 h/départ à 11 h. Des chambres sont réservées
à ce petit hôtel de style européen qui a une salle à manger, un
salon et un pub. Stationnement gratuit pour les clients. A
proximité de l'Université Simon Fraser du Harbour Centre
(campus de Vancouver), de G a s t o w n , Canada Place, Vancouver
Art Gallery, des restaurants et des magasins
The Sylvia Hotel:
154 Gilford, V a n c o u v e r , B.C. V 6 G 2P6.
Tel: (604) 6 8 1 - 9 3 2 1 .
Located on English Bay in Vancouver, this hotel is also w o r t h
r e c o m m e n d i n g for its character, spectacular v i e w , restaurant,
pub and location t o the beach and Stanley Park.
Cost: Current rates range b e t w e e n $ 6 5 - $ 9 9 and you can
anticipate a 5 % increase for Summer 1 9 9 3 .
Sylvia Hotel:
1 5 4 Gilford, Vancouver (C.-B.) V 6 G 2P6.
Téléphone: ( 6 0 4 ) 6 8 1 - 9 3 2 1 .
Situé sur la baie des Anglais à V a n c o u v e r , mérite d'être
recommandé pour son charme, sa vue incomparable, son
restaurant, son pub et sa proximité de la plage et du parc
Stanley.
Coût: Les prix actuels v o n t de 6 5 a 99 $, mais peuvent
augmenter de 5 % pour l'été 1 9 9 3 .
May 1993 .
et
en
du
en
MEALS AND RESTAURANTS
REPAS ET RESTAURANTS
You are on your o w n for all meals. Restaurants on campus are
not open on the weekends but the University Centre Building
(Student Pub) serving beverages, s a n d w i c h e s , soup and
pastries is open from 10 a m t o 4 p m on Saturday, J u n e 12 and
w i l l open exclusively for the Saturday Registration and
Reception at 1 7 0 0 h on Saturday evening. The UCB (Student
Pub) w i l l be open at 0 8 0 0 h on Sunday morning, June 1 3, and
w i l l be open until 1 6 0 0 h that day. Delegates w h o have signed
up for the Ticketed Sunday Evening Dinner w i l l be served dinner
in the McKenzie cafeteria (located in the East Concourse of the
A c a d e m i c Quadrangle).
Tous les repas sont libres. Les restaurants du campus ne sont
pas ouverts en fin de semaine, mais le Student Pub sert
boissons, s a n d w i c h e s , soupe et pâtisseries de 10 h à 16 h le
samedi 12 juin et sera ouvert exclusivement pour l'inscription
et la réception, à 17 h le samedi. Le UCB (le Pub) sera ouvert
le dimanche 13 juin, de 8 h à 16 h. Les délégués qui se sont
procurés des billets pour le repas du dimanche soir pourront
manger à la cafétéria McKenzie (située dans l'aile est du
Academic Quadrangle).
Opening Times for Cafeterias and University Centre Building
(The Pub)
Heures d'ouverture des cafétérias et du University
Building (le Pub)
McKenzie Cafeteria
(East Concourse)
closed Sunday J u n e 1 3 (except for
t i c k e t e d dinner)
open 0 7 3 0 h - 1 9Q0h, Monday-Friday
Food Card can be used
Cafétéria McKenzie
(aile est)
(aile est)
Searious Burger
(2nd level - opposite
Halpern Centre)
closed Sunday, J u n e 13
open 1 0 3 0 h - 1 9 9 0 h , Monday-Friday
Food Card can be used
Searious Burgers
(2° étage, face au
Halpern Centre)
open 10OOh-1600h, Saturday, June 12
open 0 8 0 0 h - 1 6 0 0 h , Sunday, June 13
open 0 7 3 0 h - 1 7 0 0 h , Monday-Friday
UCB (le Pub)
UCB (The Pub)
-
Centre
fermée le dimanche 1 3 juin (sauf pour
le repas du soir)
ouverte de 7 h 3 0 à 19 h, du lundi au
vendredi
accepte la carte-repas
fermé le dimanche 13 juin
ouvert de 10 h 3 0 à 1 9 h, du lundi au
vendredi
accepte la carte-repas
ouvert de 10 h à 16 h, le samedi
12 juin
ouvert de 8 h à 16 h, le dimanche
1 3 juin
ouvert de 7 h 3 0 à 17 h, du lundi au
vendredi
Diamond University (Faculty) Club
The club is located on the north side of the campus and has a
breathtaking v i e w of the North Shore mountains. It w e l c o m e s
affiliated members f r o m other university clubs during its
operating hours of 7 : 3 0 a m - 1 2 : 0 0 midnight, M o n d a y through
Friday. The club is not open on the w e e k e n d .
Diamond University Club (réservé aux professeurs)
Situé du côté nord du c a m p u s , il offre une vue splendide sur les
montagnes de la rive Nord. Il est ouvert aux membres affiliés
d'autres clubs universitaires pendant ses heures d'ouverture, de
7 h 3 0 à minuit, du lundi au vendredi. Le club est fermé la fin
de semaine.
CAP BANQUET
The banquet will be held on Tuesday evening at the Pink Pearl
Restaurant on East Hastings Street in Vancouver. The cost for
each ticket is $ 3 5 . 0 0 and includes bus transportation to and
from the restaurant and applicable taxes. There w i l l be a cash
bar beforehand.
BANQUET DE L'ACP
Le banquet aura lieu le mardi soir au restaurant Pink Pearl, rue
East Hastings, à Vancouver. Le prix du billet, 35 $, comprend
le transport aller-retour et t o u t e s les t a x e s . Il y aura un bar
payant avant le banquet.
Fill out the food section on the registration form and include
payment with your registration fee. A limited number of tickets
for the Tuesday banquet w i l l be on sale during registration on
Sunday evening and M o n d a y until 12 noon.
Remplissez la section Repas du formulaire d'inscription et
ajoutez votre paiement aux frais d'inscription. Un nombre limité
de billets seront en vente pour le banquet au m o m e n t des
inscriptions
du dimanche soir et lundi, jusqu'à midi.
TRAVEL I N F O R M A T I O N
INFORMATION SUR LES DÉPLACEMENTS
Please note that Simon Fraser University is located at the top
of Burnaby M o u n t a i n and is not w i t h i n w a l k i n g distance of any
hotel or shopping centre.
Nous vous rappelons que l'Université Si m o n Fraser est située
tout en haut du mont Burnaby et qu'il est impossible de
parcourir à pied la distance entre l'Université et les hôtels ou le
centre commercial.
Convention Airline - Canadi>n
Event No.
19168.
C a n a d i > n Airlines International and their regional partners have
been selected as "The Official" Airlines for our 1 9 9 3 CAP
Congress.
Transport aérien - Numéro d'événement
Canadi>n
19168.
Les Lignes aériennes Canadi > n International et ses partenaires
régionaux (Air Atlantic, C a n a d i > n Partner, Calm Air, Time Air,
l n t e r - C a n a d i > n, et C a n a d i > n Nord)
ont été
désignés
"Transporteur Officiel" de notre Congrès ACP 1 9 9 3 .
mai 1993 15
C a n a d i > n Airlines' Conventionair Reservations Office will
GUARANTEE y o u 1 5 % off the full e c o n o m y fare w h e n y o u
travel w i t h t h e m t o the 1 9 9 3 CAP Congress.
Advance
purchase fares offer even greater savings. Remember that a
Saturday night stayover o f t e n results in a lower airfare.
Conventionair vous garantit un rabais de 1 5 % sur le plein tarif
économie de C a n a d i > n , quand vous voyagez avec eux pour
assister à notre Congrès ACP 1 9 9 3 .
L'achat des billets à
l'avance permet de réaliser des économies encore plus
avantageuses. Rappelez-vousx q u ' e n passant la nuit du samedi
soir on obtient souvent de meilleurs tarifs.
Simply c o n t a c t your travel agent, or C a n a d i > n Airlines'
Conventionair o f f i c e toll-free at 1 - 8 0 0 - 6 6 5 - 5 5 5 4 . Please quote
the airline event number (Canadi>n's file registration number
is 1 9 1 6 8 ) w h e n making your booking to help the CAP earn
bonus flights that can be used to bring our university prize
winner, among others, to the 1 9 9 4 CAP Congress.
Communiquez avec v o t r e agent de v o y a g e s , ou les Services
Conventionair
Canadi>n
au
numéro
sans
frais
1-800-665-5554.
Quand vous réservez, précisez bien le
numéro du congrès (Canadi>n 1 9 1 6 8 ) pour aider l'ACP à
obtenir des voyages en prime qui serviront, entire autres, à faire
venir les gagnants des prix universitaires au Congrès de 1 9 9 4 .
C a n a d i > n Plus members continue t o earn valuable mileage
points. BONUS - You can earn 1 0 0 0 extra points on your
Canadian Plus by booking your travel on C a n a d i > n Airline and
ensuring that your travel agent sends a c o p y of your booking to
C a n a d i > n Conventionair or y o u call 1 - 8 0 0 - 6 6 5 - 5 5 5 4 t o advise
of your reservation.
De plus, les membres du Programme pour grands voyageurs
C A N A D I > N PLUS peuvent ainsi continuer à accumuler les
points primes. BONI - 1 0 0 0 points seront ajoutés à votre
CANADI > N PLUS en vous assurant d'enregistrer votre
reservation avec Conventionair en c o m p o s a n t 1 - 8 0 0 - 6 6 5 - 5 5 5 4 .
Travelling to SFU Accommodation from Vancouver Airport
The t a x i fare f r o m the airport t o Simon Fraser University is
approximately $ 4 0 . 0 0 .
All major rental car companies are
located at the airport. Travel time t o the university f r o m the
airport is approximately 4 5 minutes t o an hour. All car rental
firms at the airport supply local maps. If y o u plan on driving t o
SFU f r o m the airport, the easiest w a y is by taking the Grant
McConachie W a y out of the airport to South W e s t Marine Drive
(travelling east), t u r n left on Bounday Road, then at Grandview
H i g h w a y ( W e n d y ' s Restaurant on left corner) turn right and
access Route 1 travelling east. Exit Route 1 at Cariboo Road
(exit 37) and keep going straight up the hill to Simon Fraser
University.
Pour se rendre de l'aéroport
de Vancouver jusqu'à
l'Université
Simon Fraser
La course de taxi de l'aéroport à l'Université Simon Fraser coûte
environ 4 0 $. Les principales agences de location de voitures
ont toutes une antenne à l'aéroport. Il faut c o m p t e r 4 5 minutes
à 1 heure pour se rendre à l'Université. Toutes les compagnies
de location de voitures à l'aéroport fournissenl des cartes de la
région. Si vous prévoyez vous rendre en voiture de l'aéroport
à l'Université Simon Fraser, suivez l'itinéraire suivant : pour
sortir de l'aéroport, empruntez le Grant McConachie W a y
jusqu'à South W e s t Marine Drive (direction est); tournez à
gauche sur Boundary Road; tournez ensuite à droite sur
Grandview H i g h w a y (restaurant W e n d y ' s au coin, à gauche) et
prenez la Route 1, direction est. Quittez ensuite la Route 1 au
Cariboo Road (sortie 37) et montez t o u t droit jusqu'à
l'Université Simon Fraser.
Delegates can also take the Airport Express bus service from
Vancouver International Airport to d o w n t o w n Vancouver and
then board a transit bus t o Simon Fraser University.
The
Airport Express bus service departs f r o m the pick-up area
outside level 2 at Vancouver International Airport every 15
minutes. Tickets can be purchased f r o m the driver. Cost one
w a y into Vancouver is $ 8 . 2 5 or $ 1 4 return (good any time).
This service operates b e t w e e n 0 6 1 5 h and 2 4 1 5 h. Travel time
f r o m the airport t o d o w n t o w n Vancouver is 3 5 - 4 5 minutes.
À l'Aéroport international de Vancouver, on peut aussi prendre
le service d'autobus express qui mène au centre-ville de
Vancouver, puis prendre un autobus de la ville: à destination de
L'autobus express part tous les
quarts d'heure à l'arrêt se trouvant à l'extérieur du niveau 2 de
l'Aéroport.
Le chauffeur v e n d les billets.
Aller simple à
Vancouver:
8 , 2 5 $, ou
aller-retour:
14 $ (sans
date
d'expiration). Cette navette circule de 6 h 1 5 à 2 4 h 15. Le
trajet jusqu'au centre-ville dure 35 à 4 5 minutes.
Once d o w n t o w n V a n c o u v e r , board any bus that is going to
Lougheed Mall and t h e n transfer onto the # 1 4 5 Lougheed
Mall/SFU. Or take any bus to Kootenay Loop and board the
# 1 3 5 Kootenay Loop/SFU. Remember travel time by bus can
take over one hour f r o m d o w n t o w n Vancouver t o SFU.
Une fois au centre-ville de Vancouver, il suffit de monter à bord
de n'importe quel autobus qui se dirige vers le Lougheed Mail
et de prendre ensuite le n° 145 Lougheed Mall/SFU. Vous
pouvez aussi prendre n'importe quel autobus jusqu'à Kootenay
Loop et ensuite le n° 135 Kootenay Loop/SFU. Rappelez-vous
que le trajet par autobus du centre-ville de Vancouver jusqu'à
l'Université Simon Fraser peut prendre plus d'une heure.
Travelling to SFU from downtown
Vancouver
Simon Fraser University is located at the t o p of Gaglardi W a y
in Burnaby and is accessible f r o m Broadway or Route 1. The
easiest route f r o m d o w n t o w n Vancouver is by travelling over
the Georgie Street Viaduct (exit f r o m Cambie Street), along
Venables (cross Commercial) t h e n t u r n right onto Victoria and
travel approximately 6 - 7 blocks t o 1st A v e n u e . Turn left at
traffic light onto 1st A v e n u e and continue along until you see
the exit for Route 1 ( H i g h w a y 1). Take the Cariboo Exit
(exit 37) and continue straight up the hill to Simon Fraser
University.
Pour se rendre du centre-ville de Vancouver jusqu'à
l'Université
Simon Fraser
L'Université Simon Fraser se trouve t o u t en haut de Gaglardi
Road, à Burnaby; on peut y accéder par le Broadway ou la
Route 1. Voici le trajet le plus facile à partir du centre-ville de
Vancouver : empruntez le viaduc de la rue Georgia (sortie rue
Cambie) et continuez sur Venables (vous traverserez la rue
Commercial); tournez ensuite à droite sur Victoria et continuez
jusqu'aux feux de circulation de la 1 " A v e n u e (une distance
d'environ 6 - 7 coins de rue).
Tournez à gauche sur la 1 "
Avenue et continuez jusqu'à la sortie de la Route 1
(Highway 1). Prenez ensuite la sortie Cariboo (sortie 37) et
montez tout droit jusqu'à l'Université Simon Fraser.
May 1993 .
See previous section for travel f r o m d o w n t o w n Vancouver t o
Simon Fraser University by bus.
Consultez la partie précédente pour savoir c o m m e n t vous
rendre en autobus du centre-ville de Vancouver jusqu'à
Parking
Stationnement
Signs w i l l direct on-campus guests t o McTaggart C o w a n Hall
and the T o w n h o u s e s .
Free parking (where available) is
available for guests staying at the Residences. Parking passes
m u s t be obtained f r o m the Conference A c c o m m o d a t i o n Office
upon check-in.
Les congressistes qui séjourneront sur le campus n'auront qu'à
suivre les indications pour se rendre au pavillon McTaggart
C o w a n et aux maisons en rangée.
Les personnes qui
demeureront
dans
les
résidences
pourront
stationner
gratuitement (là où il y a des espaces disponibles); pour cela, il
faut obtenir des permis de s t a t i o n n e m e n t auprès du Bureau
d'hébergement du congrès dès l'arrivée.
C o m m u t e r s are requested t o f o l l o w signs directing t h e m to the
Visitor's Parking Lot (see J 2 2 on the campus map); mention
that you are attending the CAP ' 9 3 Congress t o receive the
conference group fee of $ 3 . 0 0 per day (rates m a y be subject t o
change).
Nous invitons les participants qui demeureront hors campus et
qui arriveront en voiture à surveiller les panneaux indicateurs
pour se rendre au terrain de stationnement réservé aux visiteurs
(voir la partie J 2 2 sur la carte du c a m p u s ) .
Il suffit de
mentionner que vous assistez au congrès A C P 1 9 9 3 pour 8voir
droit au tarif quotidien privilégié de 3 $ (tarif sous réserve de
modifications).
GENERAL I N F O R M A T I O N
RENSEIGNEMENTS GÉNÉRAUX
CAP Executive Office
Bureau administratif de l'ACP
The CAP Executive Office w i l l be located in Room
A c a d e m i c Quadrangle (Level 4).
4115,
Le Bureau administratif de l ' A C P sera situé à la salle 4 1 1 5 ,
Academic Quadrangle (niveau 4).
Equipment and Publishers' Exhibits
Expositions de matériel et de publications
Displays of scientific equipment and books w i l l be located in the
South Concourse, A c a d e m i c Quadrangle, close t o the
registration area, posters, and c o f f e e stations.
Les expositions de matériel et d ' o u v r a g e s scientifiques se feront
dans l'aile sud (South Concourse) du A c a d e m i c Quadrangle,
tout près du Bureau d'inscription, des affiches et des tables de
pause-café.
Companions' Program
Programme à l'intention des conjoints et des conjointes
Companions are encouraged to stop by the registration desk
during opening hours w h e r e they m a y obtain information about
shopping and local and Vancouver attractions. The Campus
A c c o m m o d a t i o n O f f i c e also has a good selection of local maps
and tourist information in their o f f i c e in McTaggart C o w a n Hall.
Nous invitons les conjoints et les conjointes à se rendre au
Bureau d'inscription, durant les heures d ' o u v e r t u r e , pour obtenir
de l'information sur les attractions touristiques locales et de
Vancouver de m ê m e que sur les lieux de magasinage.
Le
Bureau d'hébergement du c a m p u s , au pavillon McTaggart
C o w a n , offre aussi une vaste sélection de cartes de la région et
d ' i n f o r m a t i o n sur les attractions touristiques.
Athletic Facilities
Installations sportives
The SFU G y m Complex is located a short walk from the
Residences and offers w e i g h t rooms, racquetball/squash and
tennis courts, a s w i m m i n g pool, and t w o g y m n a s i u m s .
W e e k e n d hours in the g y m are f r o m 0 8 0 0 h to 2 1 0 0 h ; the g y m
is open M o n d a y t o Friday f r o m 0 7 0 0 h to 2 1 0 0 h . The Pool is
open on w e e k e n d s f r o m 1 3 0 0 h - 1 5 3 0 h and f r o m 0 7 0 0 h - 0 8 3 0 h ,
11 30h-1 3 3 0 h and f r o m 1 5 3 0 - 1 7 0 0 h during the w e e k .
Le centre sportif de l'Université Simon Fraser est situé à courte
distance de marche des résidences; v o u s y trouverez des salles
de musculature, des courts de racquetball, de squash et de
tennis, une piscine et deux g y m n a s e s . Le centre est ouvert de
8 h à 21 h la fin de semaine, et de 7 h à 21 h du lundi au
vendredi. Les heures d ' o u v e r t u r e de la piscine sont : de 13 h
à 15 h 3 0 la fin de semaine; de 7 h à 8 h 3 0 , de 11 h 3 0 à
13 h 3 0 et de 1 5 h 3 0 à 1 7 h les jours de semaine.
Day passes are available at the Athletic and Recreation
Equipment Room (access t h r o u g h Change Rooms).
Vous pouvez obtenir un laissez-passer d ' u n e journée en vous
présentant à la pièce Athletics and Recreation Equipment (on
y entre par les vestiaires).
Climate
Climat
Summer c o m e s early t o Vancouver and temperatures average
b e t w e e n 10 and 2 0 degrees Celsius in mid J u n e . Bring a light
windbreaker or sweater for evening activities.
L'été débute tôt à Vancouver et la température peut varier de
10 à 2 0 ° celsius à la mi-juin. Apportez un coupe-vent léger et
un chandail pour les activités en soirée.
mai 1993 17
Everything You Wanted to Know About British Columbia
Le tourisme en Colombie-Britannique
British Columbia offers the visitor a choice of exciting vacation
destinations f r o m the rain forests and mile long beaches on
Vancouver Island t o t h e Cariboo Chilcotin c o w b o y country and
f r o m the majestic Rocky Mountains to the Okanagan w i n e
country.
To obtain copies of the British Columbia
Vacations
Guide.
call
Tourism
British
Columbia
toll
free
at
1-800-663-6000.
La province offre des vacances attrayantes pour t o u s les goûts:
forêts tropicales, immenses plages sur l'île de Vancouver,
région des ranches de Cariboo Chilcotin, m o n t a g n e s Rocheuses
majestueuses, vignobles d ' O k a n a g a n , etc. F'our recevoir le
British Columbia
Vacations
Guide, téléphonuz sans frais à
l ' O f f i c e du tourisme de la province, au 1 - 8 0 0 - 5 6 3 - 6 0 0 0 .
FURTHER I N F O R M A T I O N
RENSEIGNEMENTS COMPLÉMENTAIRES
Contact Conference Services, Halpern Centre, Simon
Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada,
V 5 A 1S6.
Tel: (604) 2 9 1 - 4 9 1 0 or 2 9 1 - 3 6 4 9 .
Fax (604) 2 9 1 - 3 4 2 0 .
E-Mail: Conference [email protected].
Communiquez avec les Conference Services, Halpern
Centre, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby (ColombieBritannique) Canada V 5 A 1S6.
Tél.: ( 6 0 4 ) 2 9 1 - 4 9 1 0 o u 2 9 1 - 3 6 4 9 .
Téléc.: ( 6 0 4 ) 2 9 1 - 3 4 2 0 .
Courrier électron.: Conference_Serviceî,@sfu.ca.
MARK YOUR CALENDAR
NOW!!
1 9 9 4 CAP CONFERENCE will be held at the University of
Regina f r o m 1 9 9 4 June 2 6 - 2 9 .
Deadline for abstracts for the 1 9 9 4 Annual Congress is
1 9 9 4 March 15.
The Call for Abstracts will be published in the 1 9 9 4 January
issue of Physics in Canada, together w i t h the advanced
registration form, accommodation form, and preliminary
congress information.
STUDENTS: Don't miss the 1 9 9 4 Lumonics and Newport
awards ... rules and entry deadlines will be published in the
1 9 9 4 January issue of Physics in Canada.
May 1993 .
SUNDAY, JUNE 13 1993
DCMP SYMPOSIUM
Following the very successful precedent established at the 1992 Congress, the Division of Condensed
Matter Physics will host a one day symposium at Simon Fraser University on Sunday, June 13. This
symposium replaces the previously held Fall Meetings of the Division and has the benefit of boosting
attendance at the Annual Congress as well as taking advantage of the fact that many Congress
participants arrive on Saturday in order to take advantage of significant reductions in air fares.
The theme for this year's symposium has not yet been determined -- suggestions were solicited in the
recently circulated Fall newsletter of the Division. Details will be available in the Spring newsletter.
SYMPOSIUM ON ULTRASHORT PULSE LASERS AND DENSE PLASMAS
A one-day topical meeting on the interaction physics and properties of hot, dense plasmas in ultrahigh
fields will be held on Sunday, June 13, 1993 at Simon Fraser University, organized by the Division
of Plasma Physics.
The program will feature invited presentations on the latest results in the field, w i t h a panel discussion
in the afternoon. A contributed session of both oral and poster presentations is planned; please
submit a standard CAP abstract and indicate on it Symposium on Ultrashort Pulse Lasers and Dense
Plasmas.
All Congress participants are invited to attend. The symposium will start at 8 : 3 0 a.m. For more
information, please contact one of the organizers: Jean-Claude Kieffer (INRS Energie), Andrew Ng
(UBC), Wojciech Rozmus (U. of Alberta), or David Villeneuve (NRC).
IPP SYMPOSIUM
The IPP is planning a one-day symposium on June 13 to be held at Simon Fraser University in conjunction w i t h
the CAP's 1993 Congress. Details will be published in the 1993 March, w i t h the full program in the Congress
(May) issue.
For those planning to attend these Sunday sessions, registration
an informal reception will be provided on Saturday, June 1 2.
***************************
and
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 14 1993
The 1 9 9 3 CORPORATE MEMBERS' CONFERENCE will be held in conjunction w i t h the C A P ' s Annual
Congress. This one-day s y m p o s i u m will take place on Wednesday, June 16. See page 1 2 4 for a list
of the invited speakers for this special session. ALL CONFERENCE PARTICIPANTS ARE INVITED TO
A T T E N D THIS SESSION.
mai 1993 19
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31 32 33
35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 46 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 &Z-66 5 » 6Q_!1_62 63 64 65 66 67 66 69 70
/y
WELCOME CAP
'93 DELEGATES TO SIMON FRASER
UNIVERSITY
DIAMOND UNTVFRSTTY CLUB
7
(Sunday
Reception)
X
-M-ÏFFR'FÏT»
A
B
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J
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M
N
O
P
Q
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S
T
U
V
w
X
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1
2
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4
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10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 2 0 21 22 23 24 2S 26 27 28 29 30 3 \ 3 2 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
M
.X
CAP '93
4th Floor
Academic Quadrangle
(accessible by stair
or elevator from
South Concourse
3rd Floor, Academic
Quadrangle)
Note:
Room 4115 is
CAP office
Room 4125 is
SFU Conference
Services Office
Room 4000 is
Lounge Area (for
presenters and
delegates)
ACADEMIC QUADRANGLE
COURT UVEA. PLAN
REVISED
U- IÎ4I G IMS
M a r c h 1991
F—i—«—r -t
I
1
i
1
""
v
;
ir. ujyïi_ i „ i —
—
— •
•T v j l
.
CAP '93
SIMON FRASER
UNIVERSITY
FLOOR PLAN OF
SOUTH CONCOURSE
ACADEMIC QUADRANGLE
Site of
1) CONFERENCE
REGISTRATION DESK
Sunday, June 13,
Monday, June 14
Tuesday, June 15
Wednesday, June 16
Desk opens at 8:00 am
Poster Session on
Monday, June 14 at
6:00 pm
Open Monday, June 14
till Wednesday, June 16
REGISTRATION/CAMPUS ACCOMMODATION
REGISTRATION DESK
Saturday, June 12
Sunday, June 13
Monday, June 14
Tuesday, June 15
Wednesday, June 16
1700-1900
0800-1900
0800-1400
0800-1200
0800-1200
UCB (Student Pub)
South Concourse (AQ)
Monday, June 14
Tuesday, June 15
Wednesday, June 16
1400-1630
1200-1630
1200-1600
Room 4125* (AQ)
Room 4125 (AQ)
Room 4125 (AQ)
*The SFU Conference Services Office - Room 4125 is located on Level 4 of the Academic
Quadrangle (located direcdy above the South Concourse, AQ.) Access by elevator or suiirs.
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
CAMPUS ACCOMMODATION OFFICE
The Campus Accommodation Office is located on the ground floor of McTaggart
Cowan Hall and is open daily from 08:30-2400.
Guests who arrive after midnight are asked to stop at the University Traffic and
Security Office (signposted "Information" and situated directly below the flags Refer to K30 on the Simon Fraser University, Campus Map.) The guard on duty
will alert the resident campus accomodation staff person.
If you are driving to the campus, we suggest that you stop at the University
Traffic and Security Office to receive detailed directions to the Campus
Accommodation Office.
Conference Attendees who are driving to the campus each day should park in the
Visitor Parking Lot (refer to J22 on the Simon Fraser University, Campus Map)
and ask for the "CAP '93" special conference rate.
****************************
Council has passed a resolution whereby all attendees are required to show their
Congress badges in order to be admitted to the sessions. The cooperation of all
attendees is requested in completing registration and wearing badges throughout
the Congress.
Thank you.
May 1993 .
1993 CONGRESS - L/ST OF INVITED SPEAKERS
Rafael
Amit,
University
"Commercialising
Challenges"
of
British
Technology:
Columbia:
Opportunities
and
Neal
Burnett,
"Optically
[AA4]
[JG1 ]
Bruce A.
Gordon
National Research Council:
Ionized Plasmas and Engineered Light"
Ball,
AECL
Recombination
for
Chalk
He-like
Crystals of Si, Ni and A u "
River:
"Dielectronic
Ions Channeled
in
Campbell,
University of Alberta:
Physics and the Universe"
"Particle
[JA1]
Thin
[JD11
Paul Cant, M o u n t Allison University: "Learn First Year
Physics f r o m a C o m p u t e r ! "
[JF2]
L. Ballentine, Simon Fraser University: " Q u a n t u m Chaos
and
its
Relation
Mechanics"
to
the
of
Quantum
M. Chaker, INRS - Energie et Matériaux: "Ultra-fast Xray Sources"
[EB1]
Jean-Marc
Baribeau,
Sciences,
Foundations
Institute
National
for
Research
Microstructural
Council:
"Interfacial
Studies in Very Thin Si-Ge H e t e r o s t r u c t u r e s "
Savvas
Chamberlain,
University
of
Waterloo:
" A d v a n c e s in CCD Image Sensor T e c h n o l o g y "
University of Windsor: "The Dirac
A.
Chambers,
Pacific
Northwest
Laboratory,
Richland: " H i g h Energy X-Ray Photoelectron Diffraction
Theory of the Electron: N e w Geometric Insights" [HE3]
Studies of Evolving Heteroepitaxial Interfaces"
Robert
Daryl
J.
Birgeneau,
Technology:
"Next
Massachusetts
Generation
Institute
Neutron
[HF1]
[ED3]
Scott
William £. Bay/is,
[AA2]
and
of
X-Ray
Crozier,
Simon
Fraser
University:
S y n c h r o t r o n Radiation Studies"
[ED2]
"Canadian
[AB4]
Sources: Tools for Condensed Matter Physics in the
21st Century"
Gilles
[DA1 ]
Couture,
Université
Montreal/Concordia
David
Boat,
Simon
F raser
University:
Cosmology in Freshman Physics"
"Quarks
and
M o m e n t s of Heavy Fermions"
Bonn,
"Microwave
University
Surface
Unconventional
of
[JA4]
a Fusion Reactor"
a
Superconductivity
in
YBa2Cu3068B"
Université
de
Centre canadien de fusion magnétique:
Columbia:
as
of
Sherbrooke:
Superconductors - Concepts and
Properties"
[HC2]
Denzil Doyle,
Doyletech Corporation: " A t t r a c t i n g Risk
Capital
the
to
Technologies"
Commercialization
of
[KA1]
Wolfgang Eberhardt,
Institut fur Festkôrperforschung:
"Materials Research w i t h S o f t X-Rays"
P.A. Egelstaff,
[JG2]
University of Guelph: " A N e w Canadian
Neutron Scattering Facility"
Condensed
[BB2]
University of British Columbia: "/vSR in
Matter
Physics
and
Materials
Science"
Ken Elder, McGill University: "Ordering Dynamics in a
Simple Model of Rayleigh-Bènard Convection"
[BB1]
Robert
[AB1 ]
Dynapro Systems Inc.: " A Physicist in
the Corporate W o r l d "
Jess Brewer,
Canadian
Physical
[JB2]
KarlBrackhaus,
à
Dipole
Probe
British
Impedance
Bourbonnais,
"Organic
Québec
"Electric
" T d e V ' s Major Contributions t o Divertor Concepts for
[JB3]
Claude
du
[JF3]
Réal Decoste,
Douglas
University:
Brown,
Elemental
Research
Inc.:
"The
Roger Falcone,
[LD4]
University of California: "X-Rays f r o m
Evaluation of Commercial Mass Spectrometry for the
High-Intensity, Short-Pulse Laser Interaction w i t h Solids
Characterization of Solids"
and Gases"
[JG3]
Lothar Buchmann, TRIUMF: "The/?-delayed a S p e c t r u m
of
12
16
N
and
16
the
Extrapolation
C(o,k) 0 Cross Section"
of
the
Low
Energy
[BA1 ]
Charles Gale, McGill University: " L e p t o n Pair Production
in High Energy Heavy Ion Collisions"
[FG2]
[JD3]
mai 1993 25
Dan Gelbart,
Creo Products Inc.: "Optical Tape Data
Storage: From Concept t o Product"
Alan
Madej,
Standards,
[LA1]
Institute
National
for
National
Research
Measurement
Council:
"Precision
Spectroscopy of Single, Laser Cooled Ions"
[FB2]
Doug Gingrich, University of Alberta: "Exotic Searches
at HERA"
A.David
[FA2]
May,
University
Instabilities in Lasers"
of
Toronto:
"Polarization
[JC1]
F. Ross Hallett, University of Guelph: " A n Investigation
of
the
Mechanical
Properties
Scattering Techniques"
Walter Hardy,
of
Vesicles
Using
[LB1]
Lillian C. McDermott,
University of W a s h i n g t o n : " H o w
W e Teach and H o w Students Learn"
University of British Columbia:
"What
Joe
Mildenberger,
Can One Say A b o u t the Pairing State in the Copper
Measurements
Oxide Superconductors by Magnetic Measurements?"
Topics"
Carleton
of
B Hadron
[IA1]
University:
Lifetimes
and
"Opal
Related
[HA1]
[PLEN]
C.A. Miller, TRIUMF: "Hermes: A Precise Experiment
H.K.
Haugen,
McMaster
Institute
University:
for
Materials
"Selected
Research,
Atomic
[FG1 ]
Physics
Experiments w i t h Negative Ions Utilizing Storage Rings
and Laser Sources"
for Nucléon Spin Structure"
[FB3]
Carta
Miner,
Bell
Northern
Research:
"Optical
Characterization of lll-V Materials for Epitaxial Process
Control"
[FE1 ]
Stephen
Morris,
Akira Hirose, University of Saskatchewan: "Ohmic HModes in the STOR-M T o k a m a k "
[HC1]
University
of
Toronto:
Formation Experiments in Convecting Gases"
"Pattern
[FC3]
Bowie Keefer, Highquest Engineering: "Experiences in
Commercialising Fluid Separation T e c h n o l o g y "
[LA2]
S.
Roy
Morrison,
Simon
Fraser
University:
"The
Influence of Adsorbed O x y g e n on Surface Properties"
Jean-Claude
Kieffer,
INRS - Energie et
Matériaux:
[JE1]
"Physics of High Density Plasmas Produced by Intense
Subpicosecond Lasers"
[HC4]
Gerard Mourou,
Center for Ultrafast Optical Sciences,
University of Michigan: "Generation of Ultrahigh Peak
Norman Kolb, University of Alberta: " A Search for 3body Effects in 3 He(K,pp)n"
Power Pulses" [ A A 1 ]
[EC2]
Andrew
Suzanne
Lacroix,
Couplers
Progress"
and
École Polytechnique:
Other
Tapered
"Fused Fibre
Structures:
Recent
Ng, University of British Columbia: "Strongly
Coupled Plasmas Produced by Laser-Generated Shock
Waves"
[AA3]
[EA3]
Gerald Oakham,
Michel Lefebvre,
University of Victoria: " T e V Physics
w i t h A T L A S at LHC"
A.
Eugene
[HA2]
Livingston,
University
of
Notre
Dame:
[HE4]
T R I U M F / S i m o n Fraser University:
"The Search for Colour Transparency
SLAC"
Carleton University: "The Canadian
to
the
SDC
Superconducting Super Collider"
"Relativistic A t o m i c Structures in Highly Charged Ions"
Wolfgang Lorenzon,
Contribution
in (e,e'p)
at
Detector
at
the
[FA3]
Allan Offenberger,
University of Alberta: "Optical
Ionization of Gases by Intense ps KrF Laser Radiation"
[BA2]
Michael
Ogg,
Carleton
University:
Experiment: Results and Future Plans"
"The
CLEO
[LC1]
[FG3]
F. Ouellette,
Daniel Loss, Simon Fraser University:
"Macroscopic
Quantum Tunneling in Magnetic Structures"
COPL, Université Laval: "Photosensitivity
Effects in Optical Fibres"
[EA1 ]
[LD3]
Irving Ozier, University of British Columbia: "Fine and
David
Macfarlane,
Factories"
McGill University:
" S t a t u s of B-
Hyperfine Structure in the Vibrational Spectrum of
HBr + "
[HA4]
May 1993 .
[HE2]
S. S. P.
Parkin,
IBM
Research
Division,
California:
"Interfacial Origin o f Giant Magnetoresistance"
[ED1]
Renée Poutissou, TRIUMF: "Rare K Decay Results f r o m
E
787
"
[HA3]
Donald
Sullivan,
University
Interfaces in Complex Liquids"
E.C.
Svensson,
AECL
Michel
Orientational Order and Librational M o d e s "
Frequency
[LD2J
Tetu,
"Theory
C0PL,
University
of
of
[FC1]
Research:
Université
Stabilization:
Communication"
Rangacharyu/u,
"Structure
Laval:
[BB4]
"Laser
Application
and
to
Diode
Optical
[FB1]
Saskatchewan:
"Searches for Isobar C o m p o n e n t s in the
State"
Guelph:
Dynamics of A m o r p h o u s and Crystalline Ice"
Weiming Que, University of T o r o n t o : "Buckyball Solids:
C.
of
3
He Ground
Al.
C.
Thompson,
Lawrence
Berkeley
Laboratory:
"Focussing of S y n c h r o t r o n Radiation X-Ray Beams and
[EC1]
their Use for Materials Science Research"
[AB3]
University of Alberta: " C o m p u t e r Simulations of M H D
Tom
"High
Waves and Instabilities in the Earth's Magnetosphere"
Superconductors: Is there a gap?"
Robert Rankin, Canadian N e t w o r k for Space Research,
Timusk,
McMaster
University:
Tc
[JB1]
[HC3]
S.P.
Reddy,
"Recent
Memorial
University
Experimental
of
Advances
in
Newfoundland:
the
Vibrational Spectra of H 2 , H 2 + D 2 and HD"
Induced
T. Van Buuren,
University of British Columbia:
"Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Q u a n t u m Size Effects
in Porous Silicon" [ED4J
[HE1 ]
S.H. Vosko, University of T o r o n t o : " A Theorist's V i e w
Edward
F. Redish,
University of Washington:
Computer of A n y Use in Teaching Physics?"
M.
Rioux,
National
Institute
Research
of
Information
Council:
Applications of 3 - D Cameras"
"Is a
[JF1]
Technologies,
"Fundamentals
and
of the Periodic Table: Evidence f r o m Negative Ions"
[EB2]
P.R.
Wallace,
University:
"Early
Days
of
[EB3]
[JH1 ]
J.P. Whitehead,
J. Michael Rowe,
McGill
Theoretical Physics in Canada"
National Institute of Standards and
Memorial University of N e w f o u n d l a n d :
"Rare Earth Magnetic Ordering in the REBaCuO Oxide
Technology: "Science at a Cold-Neutron Facility" [BB3]
Superconductors"
Guy Savard, AECL Chalk River: "The Penning Trap as
J.P. Wolfe, University of Illinois: "Recent Developments
a Mass Spectrometer for Unstable Isotopes"
in the
David P. Shelton, University of Nevada:
Optics of A t o m s and Molecules"
[JD2]
"Non-linear
Search
Systems"
[LD1]
for
Bose
Condensation
in
Exitonic
[HB1 ]
[FB4]
Mike Wortis, Simon Fraser University: "Red Blood Cells
Pekka Sinervo, University of T o r o n t o : "CDF Results
f r o m the 1 9 9 2 - 9 3 T e v a t r o n PBar-P Collider Run" [FA1 ]
and Artificial Vesicles: Shapes and Shape Transitions"
Randy Sobie, University of Victoria: "Recent Results on
D.H. Wright, TRIUMF: "Radiative M u o n Capture in Light
Tau Lepton Physics f r o m OPAL"
Nuclei"
Larry Sorensen,
[LC4]
University of W a s h i n g t o n
(Seattle):
[FC4]
James
[EC3]
C.
Wyant,
Arizona:
Intermolecular Forces and Finite-Size Effects"
Interferometric M e t r o l o g y "
Larry Sorensen,
University of W a s h i n g t o n :
[FC2]
"Modern
Jeff
Corporation/University
Developments
in
of
Computerized
[GA1]
Young, University of British Columbia: "Ultrafast
S y n c h r o t r o n Diffraction: Probing Surfaces, Interfaces,
Carrier
Magnetism, Valence and Bonding"
Effects"
[AB2]
"Recent
Wyko
"Layer-by-Layer Freezing of Liquid Crystals: Probing the
Dynamics
in
Semiconductors:
Many
Body
[HB4]
mai 1993 27
1993 CONGRESS PROGRAM OUTLINE
Code
Time
Room
Page 3
Event
S U N D A Y . J U N E 13
CAP
0900 h
A 04100
MEETING OF OLD A N D NEW COUNCIL
DPP
(AA)
0900 h
AQ4120
S y m p o s i u m on Ultrashort Puise Lasers: MOUROU, CHAKER, NG,
BURNETT
DCMP
(AB)
0900 h
C9001
Sunday S y m p o s i u m :
CROZIER
IPP
(AC)
0900 h
B9200
Institute of Particle Physics Session
DPP
(BA)
1400 h
AQ4120
S y m p o s i u m on Ultrashort Pulse Lasers: FALCONE,
OFFENBERGER, plus 2 c o n t r i b u t e d oral papers
-- f o l l o w e d by a one hour discussion period
DCMP
(BB)
1330 h
C9001
Sunday S y m p o s i u m : BREWER, EGELSTAFF, ROWE, SVENSSON
IPP
(BC)
1330 h
B9200
Institute of Particle Physics A f t e r n o o n Session
PLENARY
1900 h
Images Theatre
"?"
(CA)
EBERHARDT, SORENSEN, T H O M P S O N ,
Congress Keynote Opening Speaker:
2000 h
Diamond Club
Opening Reception
MONDAY. JUNE 14
PLENARY
(DA)
0830 h
C9001
Next Generation Neutron and X-Ray Sources: Tools for
Condensed Matter Physics in the 2 1 s t Century: BIFIGENEAU
DOP
(EA)
0930 h
AQ4150
Optical Waveguides: OUELLETTE, LACROIX, plus 2 contributed
oral papers
DTP
(EB)
0945 h
B9201
Theoretical Physics - Old and N e w :
WALLACE
DNP
(EC)
0930 h
B9200
DNP Invited Talks I: R A N G A C H A R Y U L U , KOLB, WRIGHT
DSS/DCMP 0 9 3 0 h
(ED)
C9001
Interfaces in Nanostructures: PARKIN, CHAMBERS, BARIBEAU,
V A N BUUREN
DAMP
(EE)
AQ4120
A t o m i c and Molecular Physics - Oral: 4 c o n t r i b u t e d oral papers
0930 h
May 1993
BALLENTINE, V O S K O ,
DCMP
IPP
CINS
PPD
(FA)
Page 2
A n n u a l Meetings of CAP Divisions:
1200 h
C9001
Division of Condensed Matter Physics
1200 h
B9200
IPP Business Meeting
1300 h
AQ4120
CINS Board of Trustees' Meeting
1330 h
B9200
Particle Physics I: SINERVO, GINGRICH, O A K H A M
DOP/DAMP 1430 h
(FB)
AQ4150
J o i n t S y m p o s i u m on Optical, A t o m i c and Molecular Physics:
TÊTU, M A D E J , HAUGEN, SHELTON
DCMP/DTP 1 3 3 0 h
(FC)
C9001
Liquids, Gases and Blood:
WORTIS
DPP
(FD)
1430 h
AQ4120
DIAP
(FE)
1330 h
AQ4130
DTP
(FF)
1500 h
AQ4140
DNP/PPD
(FG)
1600 h
B9200
WIP
1630 h
AQ4100
PLENARY
1800 h
South
Concourse
POSTER A N D BEER SESSION
(see pages
for details)
CJP
1900 h
AQ4120
CJP Editorial Board meeting
PHYS
1800 h
Diamond
Club
Physics Departments Heads/Chairs Dinner -- hosted by
Dr. M. Plischke, Simon Fraser University
SULLIVAN, SORENSEN, MORRIS,
DPP Contributed Oral: 4 c o n t r i b u t e d oral papers
Industrial Physics I: MINER plus 4 c o n t r i b u t e d oral papers
Black Holes, Triangles, and Spirals: 4 c o n t r i b u t e d oral papers
Joint nuclear/particle session:
MILLER, GALE, LORENZON
Meeting of W o m e n in Physics C o m m i t t e e
T U E S D A Y . J U N E 15
PLENARY
(GA)
0830 h
C9001
Recent Developments in Computerized Interferometric M e t r o l o g y :
JAMES WYANT
PPD
(HA)
0930 h
B9200
Particle Physics II: MILDENBERGER, LEFEBVRE, POUTISSOU,
MACFARLANE
C9001
Optical Properties of Condensed Matter:
5 contributed oral papers
D C M P / D O P 0930
(HB)
h
WOLFE, YOUNG plus
DPP
(HC)
0930 h
AQ4120
DPP Invited Oral: HIROSE, DECOSTE, RANKIN, KIEFFER
DNP
(HD)
0930 h
AQ4150
DNP Contributed Talks:
10 c o n t r i b u t e d oral papers
mai 1993 29
Page 3
DAMP
(HE)
0930 h
AQ4130
Advances in Atomic and Molecular Physics: REDDY, OZIER,
BAYLIS, LIVINGSTON
DIAP
(HF)
0930 h
AQ4140
Industrial Physics II: CHAMBERLAIN plus 5 contributed oral papers
DTP
(HG)
1100 h
B9201
Condensed Matter Theory: 4 contributed oral papers
Divisions:
DPP -- Division of Plasma Physics
DPE — Division of Physics Education
DIAP -- Division of Industrial and Applied Physics
DTP -- Division of Theoretical Physics
D A M P -- Division of Atomic and Molecular Physics
DPP
DPE
DIAP
DTP
DAMP
Annual Meetings of t h
1130 h
AQ4120
AQ4100
1200 h
AQ4140
1200 h
B9201
1200 h
A
Q4130
1200 h
CINS
1200 h
C9001
CINS Report on Plan for New Reactor to Replace NRU
- meeting open to all Congress participants
PRES
1200 h
Diamond Club
Past President's Luncheon
PLENARY
1300 h
Images Theatre
Lumonics - Student Paper Presentations - and
CAP A w a r d s (chaired by M. Plischke, Simon Fraser University)
1500 h
Images Theatre
Dr. W.N. Hardy (CAP Medal of Achievement winner)
" What Can One Say about the Pairing State in the Copper Oxide
Superconductors by Magnetic
Measurements?"
1530 h
Images Theatre
Dr. N. Kaiser (CAP Herzberg Medal winner)
" Testing the Cold Dark Matter Model for Cosmological
Formation"
CAP
Structure
1600 h
Images Theatre
Dr. J . J . A . Beaulieu (CAP DIAP Medal winner)
" The Physicist and the Industrial World"
1630 h
Images Theatre
CAP Annual General Meeting
1900 h
Pink Pearl
Restaurant
Reception/Banquet -- dinner followed by presentation of CAP
awards and announcement of Lumonics/Newport winners
WEDNESDAY. JUNE 16
PLENARY
(IA)
0830 h
C9001
H o w We Teach and H o w Students Learn:
LILLIAN C. McDERMOTT
PPD/DTP
(JA)
0930 h
AQ4130
Joint Particle Physics - Theory Session: CAMPBELL, COUTURE
plus 4 contributed oral papers
DCMP
0930 h
C9001
Superconductivity: TIMUSK, BOURBONNAIS, BONN plus
0930 h
AQ4120
Lasers: M A Y plus 1 contributed oral paper
(JB)
DOP
(JC)
May 1993
Page 2
DNP
(JD)
0930 h
B9201
DNP Invited Talks II: BALL, S A V A R D , B U C H M A N N
DSS
(JE)
0930 h
AQ4140
Roy Morrison Surface Science Session:
8 c o n t r i b u t e d oral papers
DPE
(JF)
0930 h
B9200
Physics Teaching - N e w M e t h o d s :
CORP
(JG)
0930 h
AQ4150
Physics in Industry: A M I T , BRACKHAUS, BROWN
DOP
(JH)
1045 h
AQ4120
Optical Imaging: RIOUX plus 2 c o n t r i b u t e d oral papers
DOP
DNP
MORRISON plus
REDISH, C A N T , BOAL plus
A n n u a l Business Meetings of CAP Divisions:
1200 h
AQ4120
DOP - - D i v i s i o n of Optical Physics
1200 h
B9201
DNP - - D i v i s i o n of Nuclear Physics
PLENARY
(KA)
1330 h
C9001
A t t r a c t i n g Risk Capital t o the Commercialization of Canadian
Technologies: DENZIL J. DOYLE
CORP
(LA)
1430 h
AQ4150
T w o B.C. Success Stories: GELBART, KEEFER
DCMP
(LB)
1430 h
C9001
DCMP Open Session:
PPD
(LC)
1430 h
B9200
Particle Physics III: OGG, SOBIE, plus 5 c o n t r i b u t e d oral papers
DTP
(LD)
1430 h
AQ4130
Topics in Condensed Matter Theory: WHITEHEAD, QUE, LOSS,
ELDER
AQ4100
MEETING OF NEW A N D OLD COUNCILS
CAP
1700 h
POSTER
MONDAY, JUNE 14 - p.m.
PA
PB
PC
PD
PE
PF
PG
PH
PI
PJ
PK
PL
1800 h +
HALLETT plus 6 c o n t r i b u t e d oral papers
SESSION
(South C o n c o u r s e ) *
Semiconductors (16)
Surfaces and Thin Films (10)
M a g n e t i s m & Superconductivity (9)
Optical Properties (5)
Phase Transitions (12)
Surface Science (1)
Industrial and Applied Physics (6)
Optical Physics (3)
A t o m i c and Molecular Physics (9)
Physics Education (1)
Plasma Physics (5)
Particle/Nuclear Physics (9)
* Poster presenters will be
available between
8 : 0 0 p.m. and 9:00 p.m.
mai 1993 31
l'Association canadienne des physiciens
MEDALLISTS
1993
LAURÉATS
CAP Medal for Achievement in Physics
Walter N. Hardy
University of British Columbia
Herzberg Medal
Nicholas Kaiser
CITA, University of T o r o n t o
CAP Medal for Outstanding A c h i e v e m e n t in Industrial & Applied Physics
Jacques J . A . Beaulieu
BCI Company, Ste-Foy
PRIZE EXAM RESULTS
1993
RÉSULTATS DE
L'EXAMEN
One hundred and nineteen students from twenty-seven post-secondary institutions competed this year. The exam was
administered by members of the Physics Department of the University of Waterloo. The names of the first, second, and
third prize winners (there was a t w o - w a y tie for third) are shown, followed by the next six in alphabetical order.
N. Arkani-Hamed
Michael Graesser
Carl Adams
Ingrid Stairs
Peter Giles
Bradley Heinrichs
Ian Hill
Brian May
Michael Montour
David Unrau
FIRST PRIZE
SECOND PRIZE
THIRD PRIZE
Dalhousie University
McGill University
Simon Fraser University
Queen's University
Queen's University
Queen's University
LIST OF EXHIBITORS
LIST OF SPONSORS
las at 1 9 9 2 M a y 3)
(as at 1 9 9 2 M a y 3)
CIMTEX Precisioneered M a n u f a c t u r i n g
Encyclopaedia Britannica, NA
Fisons Instruments Inc.
J o h n Wiley & Sons Canada Limited
Q u a n t u m T e c h n o l o g y Corp.
SANDFIRE SCIENTIFIC
May 1993 .
CANADIAN ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICISTS
ASSOCIATION CANADIENNE DES PHYSICIENS
ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING
ASSEMBLEE GENERALE ANNUALE
DATE:
TIME:
PLACE:
Tuesday, June 15, 1993
1630 h
Images Theatre
DRAFT AGENDA / ORDRE DU JOUR PROVISOIRE
1.
Call to Order and approval of Agenda
2.
Minutes of the 1 9 9 2 June 16 Annual General Meeting
3.
Annual Report
.1
1 9 9 2 Audited Financial Statements
.2
Membership Report
4.
Appointment of Auditors
5.
Report on the Activities of the Association
6.
1993 and 1 9 9 4 University Prize Examination
7.
New Business
.1
1 9 9 4 Membership Fees
.2
International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP)
8.
Report of the Nominating Committee
9.
Vote of Thanks and Change of the Chair
10.
Date and Place of Next Meeting
11.
Adjournment
mai 1993 33
A G M AGENDA ITEM 7 . 2
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF PURE AND APPLIED PHYSICS
BACKGROUND
A significant development w h i c h t o o k place during the past year w a s the transfer of responsibility for the Canadian
National IUPAP Liaison C o m m i t t e e (CNILC) f r o m the NRC International A f f a i r s Office t o t h e NRC Institute for
Microstructural Sciences. The conditions for the transfer, and the proposed mode of operation and terms of
reference for the Committee, w e r e approved by the CAP Council at the October 2 4 , 1 9 9 2 meeting, and it was
agreed that the appointed CNILC members w o u l d constitute an ad-hoc CAP Committee on International Affairs.
The transition became effective on April 1, 1 9 9 3 and, at that time, the President of the CAP w a s asked t o initiate
a process for the nomination of five Committee members w i t h terms c o m m e n c i n g on January 1, 1 9 9 4 .
The n e w arrangements governing the future operation of the Committee are presented b e l o w and will be on the
agenda of the 1 9 9 3 Annual General Meeting at Simon Fraser University.
NEW ARRANGEMENTS
Introduction
The NRC Institute for Microstructural Sciences (IMS) is willing to assume responsibility for national participation
in IUPAP and to provide appropriate financial and administrative backing provided that the Canadian Physics
C o m m u n i t y supports such an initiative. IMS w o u l d depend upon a Canadian National C o m m i t t e e w i t h the f o l l o w i n g
terms of reference and conditions of operation.
Terms of Reference
1. The purpose of the Committee is to support the NRC Institute for Microstructural Sciences (IMS) in:
a)
collecting the many views of the Canadian Physics C o m m u n i t y on relevant issues;
b) identifying, representing, and p r o m o t i n g the capabilities and distinctive competence of the Canadian Physics
C o m m u n i t y internationally;
c)
enhancing the depth and breadth of the participation of the Canadian Physics C o m m u n i t y in the activities
and events of IUPAP and related organizations;
d) establishing the mechanisms for c o m m u n i c a t i n g to the Canadian Physics C o m m u n i t y the v i e w s of IUPAP
and information about the activities of IUPAP;
e)
attracting and staging international events of value to the Canadian Physics C o m m u n i t y .
Specific f u n c t i o n s of the C o m m i t t e e will include, but not be limited t o : i)
ii)
iii)
recommendation of delegates t o attend the General Assembly of IUPAP;
nomination of candidates for membership in IUPAP Commissions;
approval of conferences recommended by Canada for IUPAP sponsorship;
iv)
v)
advice on other matters related t o the affairs of IUPAP;
preparing an annual report for the NRC International Affairs Office.
2. Members of the Committee, to be appointed by the NRC Institute for Microstructural Sciences (IMS), shall
include:
May 1993
IUPAP
a)
Page 2
six members (including the Secretary) w h o shall be called regular members. These shall be selected after
consultation w i t h the Canadian Association of Physicists, and be distributed w i t h regard to geography,
linguistics, institutions, gender, and adequate representation of the disciplines covered by IUPAP.
b) the membership w i l l also include members of the Executive C o m m i t t e e and Commissions of the International
Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) on an ex-officio basis;
c)
a Secretary w h o will normally be a member of the IMS staff.
A representative of the International A f f a i r s Office of the National Research Council of Canada shall serve as
an observer.
Guests can be invited t o attend the meetings of the Committee.
3. A Chairperson shall be appointed f r o m a m o n g the members of the C o m m i t t e e on the r e c o m m e n d a t i o n of the
Committee.
4. The terms of office for regular members of the Committee shall:
a)
normally be equal to the three year interval b e t w e e n t w o successive General Assemblies of IUPAP;
b)
preferably be staggered to provide continuity and an appropriate t u r n over of CNC members t o encourage
the participation of y o u n g Canadian physicists;
c)
terminate on the 3 1 s t of December of the last year in office.
Conditions of Operation
1. The C o m m i t t e e shall meet:
a)
during the t w e l v e m o n t h period preceding each General A s s e m b l y of IUPAP;
b)
in c o n j u n c t i o n w i t h the Annual Congress of the Canadian Association of Physicists, as appropriate;
c)
on other occasions as necessary.
2. One half of the membership, including at least three of the regular members, shall c o n s t i t u t e a q u o r u m .
3. The Secretary shall be responsible for d r a w i n g up the agenda in consultation w i t h the Chairperson and the NRC
International A f f a i r s Office.
4.
IMS w i l l provide financial support as necessary for travel costs of the regular members t o the annual meeting
in accordance w i t h NRC procedures.
5. The NRC International A f f a i r s Office will continue, under the current guidelines, t o make a contribution to the
travel expenses of university-based delegates participating in the General A s s e m b l y of IUPAP. The Canadian
delegates will be expected t o present the policies of the NRC International A f f a i r s Office on issues relating to
finances, the c o n s t i t u t i o n and by-laws, give careful consideration to the advice and guidance of CISET on all
other issues, and give careful consideration to the advice and guidance of the Canadian Association of
Physicists on scientific and other issues as appropriate. A w r i t t e n report on the General A s s e m b l y m u s t be
s u b m i t t e d by the delegates at the time of filing their claim for a travel expense contribution.
mai 1993 35
Page 3
IUPAP
IMPORTANT NOTICE
Canadian National IUPAP Liaison Committee
Nominations are invited t o fill five positions on the Canadian National IUPAP Liaison
C o m m i t t e e for a t e r m of up to 3 years c o m m e n c i n g January 1, 1 9 9 4 .
The current members of the Committee are:
B.P.
A.J.
R.A.
R.L.
Stoicheff (Chairman)
A l c o c k (Secretary)
Lessard
Armstrong
Ex-officio IUPAP Commission members are:
R.C. Barber
A . J . Berlinsky
W . J . L . Buyers
G.W.F. Drake
J . A . Nilson
H . M . Skarsgard
M. Thewalt
E.W. V o g t
Past-President of IUPAP: L. K e r w i n
It should be noted that ex-officio members are eligible for nomination to the CNILC.
More detailed information on recent changes to the operation of the Committee can be
f o u n d above.
Formal letters of nomination that include the nominee's curriculum vitae and a brief
description of the nominee's involvement in international activities, m u s t be sent t o t h e
Executive Secretary of the Canadian Association of Physicists at 151 Slater Street,
Suite 9 0 3 , O t t a w a , Ontario, K1P 5 H 3 by 1 9 9 3 A u g u s t 3 1 .
For further information, please c o n t a c t Dr. A . J . Alcock, IUPAP Secretary at
(613) 9 9 3 - 3 0 1 6 or by fax at (613) 9 5 2 - 9 7 1 0 or e-mail at J O H N . A L C O C K @ N R C . C A .
May 1993
Listeners, Speakers, and Session Chairmen
SPECIAL I N S T R U C T I O N S FOR T I M E D PAPERS
In order to ensure that listeners can transfer from one session to another, the oral presentations will be timed. As a
courtesy to all conference participants, w e would ask that the following simple guidelines be observed. Your cooperation
is appreciated.
LISTENERS
1)
Please arrive at a lecture room promptly before the next paper is to begin.
2)
Please leave a session unobtrusively, preferably during or at the end of the question and answer period.
SPEAKERS
1)
Make your slide projection arrangements before the start of your session.
2)
Be ready to start your talk on time.
3)
Pace your talk to end well before the next talk begins: about 3 minutes f o r a contributed paper and about 10 minutes
for an invited paper.
4)
Answer questions and perhaps comments as completely and briefly as made necessary by the response of the
audience.
5)
Obey your session chairman's instructions.
6)
Most important, practice giving your talk before the meeting.
Remember, you are the ambassador of your
department and institution, and you will be judged by your audience.
CHAIRMEN
1)
Get to the session room about half an hour before your session begins. Check that all needed projection and auxiliary
equipment are present and operational. Check that your speakers are present.
2)
Start each paper right on time.
3)
Make sure each speaker stops talking well before the next paper begins.
4)
Keep the question periods interesting, lively, and productive. Read over the abstracts in your session beforehand.
If necessary, prepare comments and questions.
5)
Do not let any discussion period get out of hand, either on the speaker's or the questioner's side.
6)
If someone fails to appear to give a paper, then either close the session until the time of the next scheduled speaker
or else use the time imaginatively, perhaps begin a discussion of earlier papers.
7)
Under no circumstances may the order of giving the papers differ from that given in the program, as all Congress
participants rely on the timing indicated in the program to plan their participation/attendance at sessions or individual
presentations.
mai 1993 37
1993
CONGRESS
PROGRAM
OUTLINE
(In the contributed oral sessions, the names of the presenters are underlined)
SUNDAY, JUNE 13
MEETING OF OLD AND NEW
0900 h
AQ4100
CAP
COUNCIL
Session [AA]
Symposium on Ultrashort Pulse Lasers
Chair: J.-C. Kieffer, INRS - Energie
Room AQ4120
0900 h
AA1
GERARD M 0 U R 0 U , Center for Ultrafast Optical Sciences, University of Michigan
"Generation
of Ultrahigh
Peak Power
Abstract
Pulses"
not available for
publication
MOHAMED CHAKER and JEAN-CLAUDE KIEFFER, INRS-Energie et Matériaux
0945 h
AA2
Ultra-fast X-ray
sources
The field of laser created X-ray sources is now in its adolescence and yet it has demonstrated great potential. When produced in the long pulse
regime (0.1-10 nsec), these sources are considered as the best alternative to mammoth synchrotrons and have already been used for different
applications: X-ray laser, X-ray lithography, X-ray microscopy, time-resolved absorption measurements. The recent advent of ultra-high power
subpicosecond lasers offers a new scientific opportunity as well as technological challenges: the development of ultra-fast X-ray sources with
high brightness. There are unique uses for such facility, requiring both X-ray wavelength for time stimulating and/or probing, and ultra-fast pulse
lengths for time-resolution of the processes of interest. However, to take full advantage of the flexibility offered by the laser plasma X-ray
sources, the potentiel user has to understand the role of the various factors affecting the X-ray spectra (X-ray energy and X-ray pulse duration).
The most important parameters are the inadiance on target, the duration and the shape of the laser pulse, and the choice of target material. In
this presentation, we will examine several of these aspects, basing our analysis on the experimental and theoretical studies of X-ray emission in
different X-ray energy ranges.
1030 h
Coffee Break
1100 h
AA3
ANDREW NG, Department of Physics, University of British Columbia
Strongly coupled plasmas produced by laser-generated
shock
waves
Strongly coupled plasmas are of interest in many diverse fields including the studies on inertial confinement fusion,
hypervelocity impact, Jovian planets and stellar interiors. Such states of matter are dominated by strong particle correlation
effects. They cannot be described solely by the statistical behaviour of a screened Coulomb system like a rarefied plasma. Nor
can they be treated simply as periodic structures like a solid lattice. Many fundamental questions arise with such dense
plasmas. For example, is there a minimum collisional mean free path? What is the electron-ion coupling coefficient? How does
charge screening affect the energy and population of atomic levels, etc.? In this talk, we will review our experimental studies on
strongly coupled plasmas produced by laser-generated shock waves, which seek to provide answers to these questions.
38
Physics in Canada
May 1993 .
[AA] Symposium on Ultrashort Pulse Lasers
SUNDAY, JUNE 13
ROOM A Q 4 1 2 0
1145 h
AA4
N E A L B U R N E T T , Steacie I n s t i t u t e , N a t i o n a l Research Council of Canada
Optically Ionized Plasmas and Engineered
Light
Rapid development of u l t r a s h o r t pulse laser technology has opened up some new possibilities for plasma production from gas targets. Optical
( m u l t i p h o t o n ) ionization p e r m i t s t h e precise control of plasma t e m p e r a t u r e , density and c u r r e n t (magnetic field) and has the p o t e n t i a l to
e f f i c i e n t l y convert optical energy i n t o energy of i o n i z a t i o n .
I o n i z a t i o n by "engineered
l i g h t " ( l i g h t c o n s i s t i n g of a p p r o p r i a t e l y phased
polarizations a n d h a r m o n i c frequencies) enlarges the range of i n i t i a l conditions t h a t can be imposed on such plasmas.
I w i l l discuss possible
applications in such diverse areas as basic atomic physics studies, particle acceleration and coherent xuv generation.
Sunday
Symposium
Session
[AB]
Chair: G . M . Bancroft, University of W e s t e r n Ontario
Room C 9 0 0 1
0900 h
AB1
WOLFGANG EBERHAROT, IFF der KFA Jûlich, Postfach 19 13, 0-5170 Jùlich, Germany
Materials Science with Soft X-Rays
Starting with an overview of the unique properties of synchrotron radiation and their potential in application
in the field of materials science research, some recent highlights from the work of our group will be presented.
These include the determination of the electronic structure and the atomic near range order in buried semiconductor structures, prepared by ion beam synthesis. Furthermore, the use of circularly polarized soft x-rays
will be demonstrated in the determination of the magnetic orientation and the magnetic moment of impurity atoms
in a magnetic host and of the individual atomic constituents within magnetic multilayer structures.
0945 h
AB2
LARRY SORENSEN, University of Washington
"Modern
Synchrotron
Diffraction:
Probing Surfaces,
Abstract
not available for
Interfaces,
Magnetism,
Valence and
Bonding"
publication
1030 h
Coffee Break
1045 h
AB3
ALBERT THOMPSON, Center for X-Ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA.
Focussing of Synchrotron Radiation X-Ray Beams and Their Use for Materials Science
Research*
The high intensity, wide energy range and excellent collimation of x-ray beams from a synchrotron source provides the opportunity to new
tools for materials science research. There has been dramatic progress in the last few years in producing x-ray optical elements which allow
these synchrotron beams to be focussed and used in new ways. New techniques have been developed for polishing and characterizing grazing
incidence mirrors which have significantly improved their performance. Multi-layer coated x-ray mirrors have been fabricated with excellent
optical qualities. Zone-plate lenses and glass capillary tubes for hard x-rays have also been made. Tunable energy x-ray beams of high
intensity and with a spot size of around 1 |tm 2 are becoming available. These beams allow non-destructive characterization of samples for
their elemental and crystaJlographic composition. For example, an x-ray microprobe with an elemental sensitivity of femtograms for elements
from K to Zn has been demonstrated. Examples of the use of these x-ray beams in materials science research will be given.
* Work supported be the Office of Eneryy Research, Materials Science Division of U.S. Department of Energy.
mai 1993
39
[ABJ Sunday Symposium
S U N D A Y , J U N E 13
ROOM C 9 0 0 1
1130 h
AB4
E . D A R Y L C R O Z I E R , D e p a r t m e n t of P h y s i c s , S i m o n Fraser
Canadian
Synchrotron
Radiation
University
Studies
I n r e c e n t y e a r s t h e r e h a s b e e n a r a p i d i n c r e a s e in t h e n u m b e r o f C a n a d i a n u s e r s of s y n c h r o t r o n r a d i a t i p n :
currently the C a n a d i a n Institute for Synchrotron Radiation has over ninety m e m b e r s with pure and applied
r e s e a r c h i n t e r e s t s in p h y s i c s , c h e m i s t r y , s u r f a c e s c i e n c e , b i o c h e m i s t r y , p r o t e i n c r y s t a l l o g r a p h y ,
geophysics,
and medical imaging.
T h i s t a l k w i l l p r o v i d e a n o v e r v i e w o f s e l e c t e d a r e a s of i n t e r e s t t o t h e p h y s i c s
community
M o r e d e t a i l e d i n f o r m a t i o n w i l l b e p r e s e n t e d in t h e f o u r - d a y W o r k s h o p " M a t e r i a l R e s e a r c h w i t h
S y n c h r o t r o n R a d i a t i o n " b e i n g h e l d a t S i m o n F r a s e r U n i v e r s i t y , J u n e 1 3 - 1 6 in p a r a l l e l w i t h t h e C A P C o n g r e s s .
T h e talk will also indicate options for f u t u r e research i n c l u d i n g a C a n a d i a n synchrotron radiation s o u r c e and
c o n t i n u e d u s e of f o r e i g n s o u r c e s .
Institute of Particle Physics Session
0830 h
IPP
ROOM B9200
Session [BA]
Symposium on Ultrashort Pulse Lasers
Chair: W. Rozmus, University of Alberta
Room AQ4120
R O G E R W . F A L C O N E , Physics Department, University of California at Berkeley
1400 h
BA1
X-Raysfrom
High-Intensity,
Short-Pulse
Laser Interaction
with Solids and
Gases
Laser light pulses with high intensity (up to 10 1 8 W/cm 2 ) and ultrashort pulse duration (100 fs) were focused on targets. The
result is highly ionized material with hot electrons and the emission of intense x-rays, far-infrared radiation, harmonics oi the
laser frequency, and high-energy electrons. Experiments with gases, flat and microstructured solid targets, and prepulsed plasma
targets will be discussed. Applications, such as x-ray lasers, will also be discussed.
1445 h
BA2
A L L A N O F F E N B E R G E R , D e p a r t m e n t of E l e c t r i c a l E n g i n e e r i n g , University of A l b e r t a
Optical
Ionization
of Gases by Intense ps KrF Laser
Radiation
O p t i c a l field i o n i z a t i o n of g a s e s by i n t e n s e s u b - p i c o s e c o n d U V laser r a d i a t i o n m a y p r o v i d e a m e a n s of p r o d u c i n g "cold" p l a s m a s w h i c h
is of c o n s i d e r a b l e i n t e r e s t f o r X U V r e c o m b i n a t i o n l a s e r s c h e m e s . H o w e v e r , high field a b s o r p t i o n m e c h a n i s m s such a s a b o v e t h r e s h o l d
i o n i z a t i o n , n o n l i n e a r inverse b r e m s s t r a h l u n g a n d s t i m u l a t e d R a m a n s c a t t e r i n g m a y h e a t t h e e l e c t r o n s t o u n a c c e p t a b l e levels. W e discuss
c u r r e n t s t u d i e s of optical i o n i z a t i o n of g a s e s u s i n g 12 ps K r F l a s e r p u l s e s a t f o c u s e d intensities of 3 x 1 0 " W / c m 2 . T h o m s o n , s t i m u l a t e d
R a m a n a n d s t i m u l a t e d Brillouin s c a t t e r i n g m e a s u r e m e n t s h a v e b e e n u s e d t o d e t e r m i n e t h e e l e c t r o n e n e r g y d i s t r i b u t i o n a n d t e m p e r a t u r e
in static a n d p u l s e d g a s t a r g e t s a t p r e s s u r e s of 1 0 3 - 1 b a r a n d t o investigate t h e r o l e of p a r a m e t r i c instabilities in t h e l a s e r / p l a s m a
i n t e r a c t i o n . T h e e l e c t r o n velocity d i s t r i b u t i o n evolves f r o m a m u l t i p h o t o n ( t u n n e l ) ionization s p e c t r u m at low p r e s s u r e to a t h e r m a l
e l e c t r o n d i s t r i b u t i o n a t m o d e r a t e p r e s s u r e . T h e low f r e q u e n c y T h o m s o n s c a t t e r e d s p e c t r u m is highly n o n - t h e r m a l f o r p r e s s u r e s > a f e w
m b a r . A t h i g h p r e s s u r e , s i g n i f i c a n t R a m a n a n d Brillouin b a c k s c a t t e r i n g a r e o b s e r v e d . T h e r e s u l t s s h o w t h a t inverse b r e m s s t r a h l u n g
absorption d o m i n a t e s heating for p > 102 bar except at the highest pressures where SRS may also be important.
1530 h
BA3
Switching of Ultrafast CO? Laser Pulses by
Optically-Induced Plasma Reflectivity in GaAs and
LT-GaAs Semiconductors.*
A.Y . ELEZZABI and J. MEYER,
Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Bri tish Columbia - The
results of the investigation o f the time evolution of
ultrashort CO2 -Laser pulses a t 10.6 Mm are presented,
Ultrashort pulses can easily b e obtained by the use of
reflective switching from a 1 ser-produced plasma in
GaAs and low-temperature-grown GaAs (LT-GaAs). The
observed pulse durations are f ound to be significantly
dependent on the energy fluenc e of the optical (618 nm)
excitation pulses. In order o measure the infrared
pulse durations, pump-probe te chniques are used to
perform time-resolved cross-co rrelation reflectivity
and reflectivity-transmission experiments in these
materials. Detailed analysis of the data provides
information about the dynamics of hot electron-hole
plasma in GaAs and LT-GaAs
d the optimum conditions
for the generation of femtosec ond pulses in the
mid-infrared wavelength range
^Supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada.
40
Physics in Canada
May 1993
1545 h
BA4
A Model for Heating of Solid Targets t
p u l s e s * W . R O Z M U S , ^ [ H "f P h v s i ç s l,)niversitv of A i p g n a .
V T T I K H O N C H U K , ' t H f f P h y s i c s I n s t i t u t e . MOSCOW,
c . C A P J A C K and C. K A N , D e p t . of Electrical E n g i n e e r i n g .
U n i v e r s i t y of A l b e r t a - T h e simple " a n a l y t b a l " m o d e l for the
ultrashort laser pulse absorption and solid target heating has been
proposed and compared with the full hydrodynamical simulations in
I D T h i s m o d e l c o m b i n e s in the s i m p l e e x p r e s s i o n d i f f e r e n t
m e c h a n i s m s of absorption related to normal e nd a n o m a l o u s skin
effects, as well as to an intermediate regime of weak collisions. T h e
thermal transport is modelled by the nonloca expression, which
reproduces results of Fokker-Planck simulations. The domain of
applicability of the model and comparison with experimental results
will be discussed.
* Supported by the Natural Sciences and E n g i n e e r i n g Research
Council of Canada.
MONDAY,
J U N E14:1800h+(SouthConcourse)
Sunday Symposium
Chair:
Session [BB]
W . J . L . B u y e r s , A E C L R e s e a r c h , Chalk River
Room C 9 0 0 1
1330 h
JESS H. B R E W E R , Canadian Inst, for Advanced Research and Dept. o f Physics, Univ. o f British Columbia
BB1
fiSR in Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science'
T h e discovery in 1 9 5 7 of parity n o n c o n s e r v a t i o n in 7T —» fi —• e d e c a y w a s r e g a r d e d by m o s t s c i e n t i s t s a s r e l e v a n t only t o
elementary particle physics.
However, t h r o u g h its f a c i l i t a t i o n of m u o n spin r o t a t i o n / r e l a x a t i o n / r e s o n a n c e ( / i S R ) ,
^-violation
h a s r e c e n t l y b e c o m e an i n d i s p e n s i b l e t o o l of c o n d e n s e d m a t t e r physics a n d c h e m i s t r y r e s e a r c h . For nearly t w o d e c a d e s , C a n a d i a n
s c i e n t i s t s h a v e b e e n d e v e l o p i n g a n d e n h a n c i n g t h e t e c h n i q u e s of p S R a s applied t o a w i d e r a n g e of m a t e r i a l s s c i e n c e p r o b l e m s
f r o m g a s - p h a s e c h e m i c a l kinetics t o m a g n e t i s m a n d high t e m p e r a t u r e s u p e r c o n d u c t i v i t y . I will briefly d e s c r i b e t h e history of t h e
fiSR
User Facility a t T R I U M F a n d survey s o m e of its m o r e n o t a b l e r e c e n t a p p l i c a t i o n s
"Work supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and, through T R I U M F , by NRC.
1 41 5 h
BB2
P. A. EGELSTAFF, Department of Physics, University of Guelph
The Next Canadian
Neutron
Scattering
Source
Neutron scattering is o n e of the most powerful tools for materials science, condensed matter studies, physical chemistry and biology,
and Canada has always played a major role in this field. Today a new Canadian neutron source is needed which would provide access to
many of the advances in neutron beam science which have taken place in the past 20-30 years. Foremost a m o n g these would be an intense
cold neutron source and associated neutron instruments, since cold neutrons greatly improve the resolution of neutron scattering experiments
enabling a wider range of new phenomena and also longer time scales to be investigated.
T h e Canadian community is planning for a new neutron beam facility which would have a cold source and guide hall and extensive
new instrumentation. This facility would allow University, Industrial and Government scientists to develop both basic science and new
materials in the areas of biology, chemistry, physics and engineering, and so contribute significantly to the training of scientists and to
industrial innovation and competitiveness.
1500 h
Coffee Break
1 51 5 h
BB3
J. MICHAEL ROWE, Reactor Radiation Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD
Science at a Cold-Neutron Facility
T h e N a t i o n a l Institute of S t a n d a r d s a n d T e c h n o l o g y (NIST) is in the p r o c e s s of c o m p l e t i n g a C o l d N e u t r o n R e s e a r c h Facility
( C N R F ) at its 20 M W Research Reactor in G a i t h e r s b u r g , MD. This facility c o m p r i s e s a cold neutron source v i e w e d by 8 neutron
g u i d e s w h i c h transport b e a m s into a new e x p e r i m e n t a l hall (60 x 30 m?), in w h i c h 15 different cold neutron instruments will be
located. T h e c o m b i n a t i o n of long w a v e l e n g t h neutrons a n d neutron guides o p e n s up major new opportunities in diverse fields of
s c i e n c e a n d technology.
T h e research capabilities provided
range from measurements
of the f u n d a m e n t a l p r o p e r t i e s of the
n e u t r o n to d e t e r m i n a t i o n of microstructure in p o l y m e r s , b i o s t r u c t u r e s a n d c o m p l e x fluids to high resolution studies of the
d y n a m i c s of c o n d e n s e d matter systems to analytical chemistry. E x a m p l e s of recent results in a variety of different areas will be
p r e s e n t e d in o r d e r t o illustrate the possibilities for future research, with particular e m p h a s i s on c o m p l e x s y s t e m s a n d real t i m e
phenomena.
1600 h
BB4
ERIC SVENSSON, AECL Research, Chalk River Laboratories
Structure
and Dynamics
of
Amorphous
and Crystalline
Ice
High density amorphous (hda) ice, discovered at NRC, Ottawa, in 1984, is produced by pressurizing ordinary hexagonal
ice (ice Ih) to 10 kbar at 77 K.
On releasing the pressure, it expands elastically to give a final density
p = 1.17 g.cm"3 at 1 bar and 77 K. On warming at 1 bar, successive phase transitions give low density amorphous (Ida)
ice, cubic ice (ice Ic) and ice Ih (all with p - 0.93 g.cm"3). Hence, four phases, two crystalline and two amorphous,
can be studied starting with a single hda sample. Prom neutron diffraction measurements on D 2 0 samples and incoherent
inelastic neutron scattering (IINS) measurements on H 2 0 samples, we have determined the static structures and the
frequency distribution functions, g(v)> for these four phases. Hda ice is found to be very similar in structure to
high pressure water while Ida Ice is much more closely related to the crystalline phases. Our inelastic studies have
set a new standard for the accurate determination of g(f) from IINS measurements,
allowing us to make the first
experimental estimates of the anharmonic component of the heat capacity. Our most recent study has revealed a marked
excess of low frequency modes for hda ice relative to ice Ih. These excess low frequency modes are believed to be
"quasi-localized" soft harmonic vibrations associated with clusters of a few tens of particles that are viewed as
"structural defects" in the glass.
mai 1 9 9 3
41
S U N D A Y . J U N E 13
ROOM B 9 2 0 0
1330 h
I n s t i t u t e of Particle Physics A f t e r n o o n Session
IPP
IPP
SUNDAY OPENING SESSION
PLENARY
ICA]
1900 h
Diamond Club
OPENING RECEPTION
M O N D A Y , JUNE 14
PLENARY - Condensed Matter Physics
Session [DA]
Chair: M. The wait, Simon Fraser University
Room C9001
0830 h
ROBERT J. BIRGENEAU, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
DA1
Next Generation Neutron and X-ray Sources:
Tools for Condensed Matter Physics in the 21st Century
In the United States a number of next generation x-ray and neutron sources are either under construction or awaiting approval for
construction. These include the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory and the Advanced Neutron Source at Oak
Ridge National Laboratory. In addition, exciting new ideas have emerged for an advanced pulsed spallation neutron facility. In this
talk we will review the capabilities of these new facilities and will discuss the impact that these sources are likely to have on
condensed matter physics and related fields well into the 21st century. These include revolutionary advances in x-ray correlation
spectroscopy, surface magnetic x-ray studies, polymer science especially at interfaces, and the characterization of novel materials.
The role of international participation in these facilities will also be discussed.
Optical Waveguides
Session [EA]
Chair: H.M. Van Driel, University of Toronto
Room AQ4150
0930 h
EA1
FRANÇOIS 0UELLETTE, Department of Electrical Engineering, Laval University
Photosensitivity
Effects in Optical
Fibres'
The refractive index of germania-doped optical fibres can be changed permanently by either intense blue or green light propagating in the core, or UV light
around 240 nm incident on the core from the side of the fibre. This photosensitivity effect has been used to write intra-core Bragg gratings, that have a number of
interesting applications. Although the exact physical mechanism for the photoinduced index change is still subject to some controversy, there have been a
number of experimental studies to characterize it. For example, it is now established that an absorption band centered at 240 nm is bleaciied upon exposure of
the fibre, and that this bleaching is accompanied by the creation of other absorption bands in the UV region. We will review the knowledge acquired so far on
these effects. We will also describe the experiments we have done on the polarization dependence of the refractive index change and on the use of
photoluminescence as a tool to study fibre photosensitivity.
• Work supported by an industrial chair grant from Québec-Téléphone and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.
42
Physics in Canada
May 1993
[EA] Optical Waveguides
MONDAY. JUNE 14
ROOM A Q 4 1 3 0
1000 h
EA2
Optical Switching Between Bistable Soliton Sates of the
Second Kind S.L. Eix and R.H. Enns, Simon Fraser University Bistable soliton solutions to the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger
equation were first described by Kaplan, Enns and co-workers"
Recently, Gatz and Herrmann 2 have introduced an alternate
definition of Instability. This paper focuses on the latter bistable
solitons of the second kind, for two different models of fiber
nonlinearity. Optical switching between high and low soliton states
is demonstrated numerically when the amplification of the input
solitons is suitably adjusted. The numerical amplification study is
supplemented by a variational approach which sheds considerable
light on the observed numerical behaviour, although it is not able to
predict switching.
1115
EA4
1. See, for e.g. Enns, R.H., S.S. Rangnekar and A.E. Kaplan,
Phys. Rev. A36 (3) p. 1270 (1987).
Optical Fibre Force Transducer.»
M.D. WATERTON,
P.C. EARLE and E, J. FJARLIE, Royal Military College - An
optical fibre transducer t h a t indicates force in t h e range 0 - 10 ! N
h a s been designed and built t h a t utilizes microbending of t h e
fibre'1'. Coils are arranged on a jig t h a t is mounted on t h e load
carrying plate. The plate is supported by springs and their
deformation causes t h e coil radius to change. The time response
for t h e system depends only on t h e mechanical design. The
5mW HeNe laser source is detected by a Si photodiode; the
10nm fibre is single mode. Discrimination of t h e signal is by
modulation a t 800Hz. The N.A. requirement for the fibre has
not been used. The output is linear with a resolution of ION and
t h e SNR for t h e system is about 50dB; noise is not the
limitation, variation in t h e coil radius is.
(1) D. D. Coulter and E. J . Fjarlie "Fibre Optic Strain Gauge"
CANCAM IX Proceedings, p. 283, Univ. Saskatchewan,
Saskatoon, Sask (1983)
2. See, for e.g. Gatz, S. and J. Herrmann. IEEE J. Quantum
Electron. 28 (7) p. 1732 (1992).
*This work was done under t h e sponsorship of DND CRAD
ARP92-93-FUHEG.
1015 h
Coffee Break
1045 h
EA3
SUZANNE LACROIX, Département de génie physique, Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal
Fused fibre couplers and other tapered structures: recent
progress
Optical fibre 2 x 2 and other star couplers, either used as splitters or wavelength mutiplexers, are key components for
telecommunication networks as well as sensors. Fused couplers are the most commonly used couplers because they are easy to
manufacture, low cost and low loss devices. Moreover, the choice of their fabrication parameters (degree of fusion, flame width and
other elongation parameters) offers a variety of responses — vs. wavelength, polarisation and external refractive index — which are
extensively used. For example, the 2 x 2 coupler oscillatory wavelength response is exploited for de/multiplexing applications.
Other interesting behaviours, such as a wavelength flattened response, can also be obtained by using two 2 x 2 couplers in series
arranged in a slightly unbalanced Mach-Zehnder structure.
On the other hand, a large unbalance in a similar interferometric
structure leads to a rapid wavelength oscillatory transmission with application to dense polarisation-independent multiplexers.
Recent theoretical and experimental results on these and other all-fibre devices will be presented. Nonlinear propagation in tapered
structures will also be discussed.
1115 h
EA4
See Abstract in Top Right Corner of this Page
Session [EB]
Theoretical Physics - Old and New
Chair: A. Griffin, University of Toronto
Room B9201
0945 h
EB1
LESLIE BALLENTINE, Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University
Quantum Chaos and its Relation to the Foundations of Quantum Mechanics
The central problem in the subject of quantum chaos is to understand how classical chaos emerges from
quantum mechanics. One of the obstacles to answering this question has been an inadequate understanding of
how classical properties emerge from quantum mechanics. That problem, in turn, compels us to face some old
problems in the foundations of quantum mechanics (such as the individual vs ensemble
interpretations of a
quantum state).
In particular, it is essential to recognize that the classical limit of a quantum state is
typically an ensemble of classical orbits, and not a single classical orbit. I shall show how this enables us to
understand the relation between certain quantum and classical dynamical models, and how we are naturally
led to confront some other problems in the foundations of quantum theory.
mai 1993
43
[EB] Theoretical Physics - Old and New
MONDAY, JUNE 14
R O O M AQ4140
S H
1030 h
- VOSKO, Department of Physics, University of Toronto
A Physicists'
View of the Periodic Table: Insights from Negative Ions*
One of the triumphs of modern physics is the explanation of the periodic table in terms of the shell model with rules for the filling of
subshells. Thus it was natural to assume that the electronic structure of atomic negative ions (anions) was a shifted replica of the
periodic table for neutral atoms. The observation 1 of stable Sc and Y" with valence electron configuration (n-1)d'ns 2 np\ n = 4 and 5
respectively instead of (n-1)d 2 ns 2 showed that this assumption was flawed. Recently, on the basis of Dirac-Hartree-Fock calculations
with density functional theory and semi-empirical estimates of correlation energies, it has been predicted 2 that a si2able number of
anions do not follow the conventional rules for filling of subshells. These results suggest a modified periodic table which accommodates
these predictions for anions with the known electronic structure of neutral atoms in a more consistent and logical choice for related
groups.
' C.S. Feigerle et al. J. Electron Spectrosco. Related Phenom 23, 441 (1981).
S.H Vosko et al. Phys. Rev. A39, 446 (1989) and A43, 6389 (1991); J. Phys. B.; At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 24, L225 (1991) and 26- (1993).
* Supported in part by the NSERC of Canada in collaboration with J.A. Chevary, J.B. Lagowski and I.L Mayer.
2
1 115 h
P R. WALLACE, P r o f e s s o r E m e r i t u s , McGill University
EB3
The Early Days of Theoretical Physics in Canada
The early development of theoretical physics in Canada will be discussed from a personal perspective. After outlining the situation
in 1939, I shall discuss the effect of wartime research projects, the status of theoretical physics in the universities in the
immediate post-war period and the moving spirits of that period, the origins of a new generation of theorists, the status of
theoretical physics in the Canadian universities, the influence of the United States and the problem of the "brain drain", the
founding of the theoretical division of the C.A.P., and the rising international status of Canadian theorists.
D N P Invited Talks I
ou •
r- ^ u
,,
*
C h a i r : F. K h a n n a , U n i v e r s i t y o f A l b e r t a
Room B 9 2 0 0
Session
[EC]
C. RANGACHARYULU 1 , Department of Physics, University of Saskatchewan
0930 h
EC1
Searches for isobar components in the 3He ground state
The role of excited nucléon components in the nuclear structure has been a subject of considerable interest in the recent years.
Three nucléon system offers the simplest testing ground for possible delta isobars in the ground state. There is an ongoing
activity to account for the static properties in this frame work. The TAGX collaboration has measured the yields of 3 He (y, pu»)
reactions simultaneously with a tagged photon facility and large acceptance TAGX detector assembly for ncident photon
energies of 400 s E, (MeV) s 600. In this talk, we present the results of analyses of this experiment and summarize the activities
in quest of isobars.
1
1030 h
Representing the TAGX collaboration.
NORMAN KOLB, University of Alberta
EC2
A Search for 3-Body Effects in
3
He/y,pp)n
The trinucleon systems are the simplest nuclei in which to search for 3-body effects. Three-body forces have been investigated
in both static (binding energy and charge radius) and dynamical processes. Measurements of 3 He(c,PP)n w i t h discrete detectors 1
have found a two-nucleon model to be insufficient to reproduce the cross section in selected kinematics. This reaction has been
measured w i t h the Saskatchewan-Alberta Large Acceptance Detector, covering a large portion of the available three-body phase
space and providing the opportunity to make a survey of the allowed kinematics. Comparisons will be presented w i t h microscopic
calculations w h i c h include both t w o and three-nucleon processes.
1
G. Audit et al., Phys. Rev. C44, R575 (1991)
1015 h
Coffee Break
44
Physics in Canada
May 1993
A. Sarty, Ph.D. Thesis, unpublished (1992).
[EC] DNP Invited Talks I
MONDAY. JUNE 14
ROOM AQ4130
1115 h
EC3
D.H. W R I G H T
Radiative
TRIUMF
Muon Capture in Light Nuclei "*
Radiative muon c a p t u r e ( R M C ) on a proton is particularly sensitive to t h e induced pseudoscalar coupling strength gp, of t h e weak
hadronic current. Hence a measurement of t h e r a t e of t h e R M C reaction in hydrogen is ideal for a precise determination of t h e value
of gp. A measurement of gp in other light nuclei is also of interest beacuse of t h e possibility t h a t the value of gp may be altered in
the nuclear medium. Preliminary photon energy spectra from R M C on hydrogen will be presented and the extracted value of gT will
be compared to t h e P C A C prediction. This value will b e discussed in t h e context of recent measurements of gp in other nuclei. A
planned experiment for measuring R M C in 3 He will also be discussed.
" Representing the R M C collaboration-British C o l u m b i a / K e n t u c k y / M e l b o u r n e / M o n t r e a l / P a u l Scherrer I n s t / Q u e e n s / T R I U M F / V P I & S U
"" Supported by t h e National Research Council and t h e N a t u r a l Sciences and Engineering ResearchCouncil of C a n a d a , the U.S. National Science Foundation, t h e Australia Research Council and the Paul Scherrer Institute.
Interfaces in Nanostructures
Session [ED]
Chair: P. Schultz, University of Western Ontario
Room C 9 0 0 1
0930 h
ED1
S.S.P. PARKIN, IBM Research Division, California
"Interfacial
Origin of Giant
Magnetoresistance"
Abstract
1000 h
ED2
not available for
publication
SCOTT A. CHAMBERS, Molecular Science Research Center, Pacific Northwest Laboratory
High-Energy X-ray Photoelectron
and Auger Electron Diffraction Studies of Evolving Heteroepitaxial
Interfaces
The atom specificity of x-ray photoelectron/Auger electron diffraction (XPD/AED) makes these techniques ideal for the study of
epitaxy. The overlayer structure can be probed with no interference from the substrate, provided the overlayer contains at least one
element not found in t h e substrate. Moreover, the longer photoelectron escape iGngths that can be achieved by using x-rays at the
MgKa energy or higher permit the investigator to probe the structure of epitaxial films with thicknesses of several tens of A. In this
talk, we review application of the XPD/AED techniques to several thin film and interface structure determinations. We illustrate with
specific case studies how XPD/AED can determine surface reconstruction, interface chemistry and indiffusion leading to the
formation of ordered surface phases, cluster formation, overlayer strain parameters, and antiphase domain boundary formation.
1030 h
Coffee Break
1045 h
ED3
JEAN-MARC BARIBEAU, Institute for Microstructural Sciences, National Research Council
Interfacial Studies in Very Thin Si-Ge
Heterostructures.
The reduction of the characteristic dimensions in advanced electronic devices has led to an increase interest in the study of
interfacial properties. Si-Ge heterostructures made of alternating thin layers of pure Si and Ge are ideal model systems for
investigating interfacial perfection on the atomic-scale and exploring interdiffusion phenomena. In this talk, recent development in
the characterization of the Si/Ge hetero-interface are reviewed. It is shown that structures with flat interfaces can be grown on both
(100) Si and Ge. These structures are however intermixed over one or two monolayers and exhibit a long range roughness of the
order of two monolayers. This roughness is strongly correlated from interface to interface, possibly due to small surface mobility
during growth. Z-contrast electron microscopy also reveals that atomic ordering occurs at the interfaces due to atomic-scale
segregation at step edges during growth. The strong composition dependence of Ge diffusion in SiGe alloys causes anisotropic
diffusion and initially has a smoothing effect on the interfaces. Further annealing causes out diffusion of Ge atoms into the
contiguous Si layers. A large composition gradient is however preserved at the hetero-interfaces due to the very slow diffusion rate
of Ge atoms in pure Si. Finally, in these very thin structures, interdiffusion is more effective than formation of misfit dislocations in
relieving the built-in strain.
mai 1993
45
MONDAY, JUNE 14
ROOM AQ4140
1115 h
ED4
[ED] Interfaces in Nanostructures
T. VAN BUUREN, Department of Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Quantum Size Effects in Porous Silicon
The electronic structure of porous Si has been studied with synchrotron radiation in an effort to understand
the origin of its unusual optical properties. X-ray absorption at the Si L-edge shows that the conduction band
(CB) edge in porous Si is blue shifted relative to bulk material, 1 by an amount that depends on the
preparation conditions and that correlates with the peak in the photoluminescence. Photoemission
measurements of the Si 2p core level and the valence band (VB) show that the VB edge in porous Si is shifted
to larger binding energy relative to bulk Si. The ratio of VB to CB shifts is consistent with an ef'ective mass
model for quantum confinement in Si nanostructures. Oxygen was not detected in the as-prepared porous Si,
from which we conclude that siloxene on the surface is not responsible for the photoluminescence.
1. T. van Buuren, Y. Gao, T. Tiedje, J. R. Dahn, B. M. Way, Appl. Phys. Lett. 60, 3013 (1992).
Atomic and Molecular Physics - Oral
Session [EE]
Chair: Irving Ozier, University of British Columbia
Room A Q 4 1 2 0
0930 h
EE1
Infrared Spectrum and Intermolecular Potential Surface
of the C Q - H ; van der Waals Complex.
A.R.W. McKELLAR,
Herzberp Institute of Astrophysics. National Research Council of Canada.
Ottawa. C.E. CHUAQUI, R. J. LE ROY, Guelph-Waterloo Centre for
Graduate Work in Chemistry. University of Waterloo. - Hydrogen and
carbon monoxide are the most abundant molecules in space. Thus the COM2 complex is of direct astronomical interest in terms of the physics and
chemistry of interstellar clouds, in addition to constituting a very basic
van der Waals complex. We have observed' extensive well-resolved
spectra of CO-H2 and -D2 in the 4.7 pm infrared region of the CO
fundamental band. The simplest spectra are observed for the j j j = 0
hydrogens (para-H2; ortho-D2), and we have made considerable progress
in assigning the observed transitions. The analysis is made in an iterative
manner using predicted line positions and intensities, calculated using an
iterative secular equation method and a steadily refined model potential
surface. This establishes the dependence of the surface on the
intermolecular separation and CO orientation. To determine the further
dependence on the H2 orientation, we can now utilize the spectra obtained
using ortho-H2 (with jpj = 1).
0945 h
High Resolution Spectroscopy of Methanol and its
EE2
Isotopomers in the 10 pm Region* P.M. BANCE", K.J. KING 3 ,
R.M. LEES, A. PREDOl, Ll-HONG XU and SA1BE1 Z H A O Dept.
of Phvsics.'U. of New Brunswick. Fredericton - High resolution
Fourier transform and tunable diode laser spectra of various
isotopomers of methanol are under investigation in the 10 (lm infrared
region. Bands have been assigned for normal C H 3 O H plus the
'3CH3OH, CH3i8OH, CD3OH and '3CD3OH species with the use of
extensive FIR assignments in the ground vibrational state to establish
combination differences. Information is being built up on the complex
excited-state energy level manifolds, and on the effect of isotopic
substitution on the nature and magnitude of a varie y of perturbations.
Torsion-vibration coupling effects are substantial, hence it is hoped
that detailed examination of the behaviour of the methanol energies
and eigenfunctions will give insight into mechanisms for IVR
(intramolecular vibrational relaxation or redistribution) involving the
interaction of the torsional mode with the other smaller-amplitude
vibrations.
* Work supported by NSERC, and part of the program of CEMAID,
the Centres of Excellence in Molecular and Interfacial Dynamics.
a Holders of NSERC USRA's.
'A.R.W. McKellar, Chem. Phys. Lett. 186, 58 (1991).
Determination of the Density from Measurements of the
1000 h
Dielectric Constant of Gaseous COg and N ; . J M. ST-ARNAUB,
EE3
A. HOURRI, T K BOSE AND D INGRAIN'., Dielectric Res
Group. Phvs. D e p t . Univ Pué, à Trois-Riviéres. Québec - We
show that precise determination of the first three dielectric virial
coefficients (A,., B s and C t ) when combined with absolute
measurement of the dielectric constant (E) as a function of pressure
(p) leads to accurate values of the density. The first coefficient ( A J
is obtained is obtained from the measurements of E as a function of
p using a least-squares fit The higher orders (B c , C J coefficients
are obtained by an expansion technique developed in our
laboratory.
The density values of C 0 2 and N 2 have been
determined at 298 15 K up to 12 MPa Comparisons with IUPAC
equations of state show that the deviation between experimental
and calculated values of the density are less than 0.05%
' Direction des Etudes et Techniques Nouvelles, Gaz de France,
361 Ave du Président Wilson, 93211 La Plaine St-Denis Cedex
(France)
46
Physics in Canada
May 1993
1015
EE4
Precise P and R Infrared Line Shapes in C O
Perturbed bv N-> at Low Densities. J R Drummond* P.
Duggan, P. M. Sinclair, M.
Le Flohic, J. W. Forsman, R.
Berman and A. D. May*, Dept. of Physics. University of
Toronto — Using a high resolution difference frequency
spectrometer, we have studied the shape of four infrared lines of
CO, highly diluted in N 2 , . We find the spectral profiles of the
isolated lines could be well represented by a variation from t h e
"standard" model in which the mass diffusion constant is
empirically replaced with a pressure and line dependent
"optical" diffusion constant. However, we :mggest that t h e
physical reason for the departures from the standard model
should not be ascribed to the translational motion i.e. to an
"optical" diffusion constant but rather to a slight departure
from the usual exponential decay used to describe the collision
broadening of spectral lines. We present evidence to support this
*Associated with The Ontario Laser and Lightwave Research
Centre.
M O N D A Y , J U N E14:1800h+(SouthConcourse)
1200 h
Annual Meetings of CAP Divisions:
C9001
B9200
CAP
Division of Condensed Matter Physics
IPP Business Meeting
DCMP
IPP
A Q 4 1 2 0 CINS Board of Trustees' Meeting
CINS
Particle Physics I
Session [FA]
Chair: A. Astbury, Director, Institute of Particle Physics
Room B9200
1330 h
FA 1
PEKKA K. SINERVO, Department of Physics, University of Toronto.
CDF Results from the 1992-93 pp Collider Run1
The CDF Collaboration is completing a 10 month data run, gathering approximately 20 p b " 1 of proton-antiproton collisions at a centreof-mass energy of 1.8 TeV. This data set extends the search for the uns?e-; top quark, provides a significant improvement in the study of
hadronic systems with at least one bottom quark, and allows more precise measurements of such electroweak phenomena as the mass of the
W* boson. An improvement in the sensitivity of searches for new, exotic phenomena is also expected using this dateset. The early results
from this collider run will be presented.
'Supported bv the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
1 41 5 h
DOUGLAS M. GINGRICH*, Centre for Subatomic Research, Department of Physics, University of Alberta and T R I U M F
FA2
First results from the ZEUS experiment
at
HERA
After eight years of construction and commissioning, the HERA accelerator provided the first electron-proton collisions to the ZEUS and
Hi experiments in the summer of 1992. New physics results have already been obtained from the early running. T h e total photoproduction
cross-section has been measured at an energy one hundred times higher than previously measured and there is an observed large excess of
events from hard scattering. Neutral current deep inelastic scattering measurements have been extended to lower values of the x-variable by
two orders of magnitude. Comparisons of hadronic final states in these scattering events with different QCD models, distinguished by their
different treatment of parton emission, have been made. In addition, initial searches were performed for leptoquarks and excited electrons.
T h e discovery of these objects would give insights into the unexplained generation structure of quarks and leptons in the standard model.
T h e current s t a t u s of the HERA accelerator, ZEUS detector, and first physics results will be reported.
"Representing the ZEUS Collaboration.
1500 h
F A3
F. GERALD OAKHAM, C.R.P.P, Carleton University
The Canadian
Contribution
to the SDC Detector
at the Superconducting
Super
Collider*
The Solenoidal Detector Collaboration (SDC) is one of two large experiments being planned for data
taking with the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC). The SSC, currently under construction south of
Dallas, Texas, will provide proton-proton collisions at a centre of mass energy of 40 TeV, making it
the highest energy machine currently under construction. The central motivation of the SSC program
is to investigate the "Higgs Mechanism", which is the theoretical description of how matter acquires
the property we know as mass. The Canadian group participating in the SDC experiment has major
responsibilities in the central tracking detectors, the forward calorimeter and the DAQ. In
particular it is proposed that the group provides a tracking detector using Gas Microstrips for
forward tracking and a calorimeter based on liquid scintillator for the high radiation environment
occupied by the forward calorimeter. The talk will provide details of these detectors and the R & D
required to produce them.
•Work supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada
mai 1993
47
M O N D A Y . J U N E 14
Joint Symposium on Optical, Atomic and Molecular Physics
Session [FB]
Chair: E.J. Knystatus, Université Laval
Room A Q 4 1 5 0
1430 h
MICHEL TÊTU, Centre d'optique photonique et lasers (COPL), Département de génie électrique, Université Laval, Québec,
FB1
Laser diode frequency stabilization:
Application
to optical
communications'
The simultaneous use of many wavelengths increases the throughput of communication systems and leads to the design of
networks where the routing is achieved using the wavelength as the identification key. For relatively dense systems, the laser
wavelengths have to be controlled precisely to avoid crosstalk or wrong identification. To do so, we have devised, in collaboration
with B. Villeneuve from Bell Northern Research, a scheme to calibrate, absolutely, a Fabry-Perot resonator and frequency-lock an
ensemble of laser sources to its various transmission modes. We are also studying the possible use of an optical-sum-frequency
generator, developed by R. Normandin from the National Research Council, as a wavemeter so the frequency of the lasers could
be measured directly and tuned to prescribed values. We report on these experiments and on the work done to realize absolutely
calibrated master lasers, frequency-locked to absorption lines of atomic or molecular vapors.
• Work sponsored by Bell-Northern Research, Solid State Optoelectronic Consortium and Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.
1500 h
FB2
ALAN A. MADEJ, I.N.M.S., National Research Council of Canada
Precision Spectroscopy of Single, Laser Cooled Ions
Single atomic particles confined by electromagnetic fields and held under ultra-high vacuum conditions allow us to
study the atomic system as a single, isolated entity and promise to provide atomic parameter measurements at the
highest level of accuracy. By scattering resonant laser light off an ion, cooling of the ion's motion to the
millikelvin level has been achieved thus eliminating broadening of spectral features by the Doppler effect and
reducing the moving ion's time dilation. By looking at the quantum jumps in the single ion fluorescence, it is
possible to detect excitation of extremely weak (and narrow) resonances with near unity detection efficiency. Such
studies are pushing back current limits in high resolution spectroscopy and may lead to a new generation of frequency
standards in the optical region of the spectrum. The frequency stability of transitions in such ail isolated ion
entity can be considerable. We will present some of our recent results on a single Ba+ atom excited by narrow band
laser radiation at 24 THz (12.5 fum). Already, Doppler-free transition linewidths below 30 kHz have been observed. We
have performed the first absolute frequency measurement of a trapped ion optical transition by direct comparison to a
NRC primary cesium frequency standard.
1530 h
Coffee Break
1 545 h
FB3
H.K. HAUGEN, Departments of Engineering Physics and Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University
Selected Atomic Physics Experiments with Negative Ions Utilizing Storage Rings and Laser Sources
Negative ions are of considerable interest to atomic physicists due to the prominent electron correlation effects and the
short-range potential of t h e ions. These features have important implications for both spectroscopic and dynamical studies.
From a practical perspective, negative ions play an important role in plasma phenomena and represent a cornerstone of
techniques for the detection of chemical elements and isotopes with ultrahigh sensitivity.
I will describe Belected recent
experiments which illustrate several characteristic aspects of negative ions. The woik covers two areas: [I] the utilization of a
heavy ion storage ring to investigate the lifetimes of long-lived metastable ions (1), and [II] studies of multiphoton phenomena
involving these species (2).
S
1 61 5 h
See, e.g., P. Balling et al, Phya. Rev. Lett., fig, 1042 (1992).
See, e.g., H. Stapelfeldt and H.K. Haugen, Phya. Rev.Lett., 69, 2638 (1992).
DAVID P. SHELTON, Department of Physics, University of Nevada - Las Vegas
FB4
Nonlinear
Optics of Atoms
and
Molecules
C a l c u l a t i o n s play a n i m p o r t a n t role in t h e u n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d d e s i g n of molecular nonlinear optical materials, but a c c u r a t e a b initio
c a l c u l a t i o n s of m o l e c u l a r hyperpolarizabilities a r e difficult b e c a u s e t h e y m u s t include e l e c t r o n correlation e f f e c t s arid u s e large b a s i s
s e t s . R e c e n t a d v a n c e s in calculation t e c h n i q u e s h a v e m a d e quantitatively a c c u r a t e c a l c u l a t i o n s of f r e q u e n c y d e p e n d e n t e l e c t r o n i c
hyperpolarizabilities f e a s i b l e for small m o l e c u l e s , a s is d e m o n s t r a t e d by c o m p a r i s o n of a b initio results a n d g a s - p h a s e
hyperpolarizability m e a s u r e m e n t s . T h e r e h a v e also b e e n r e c e n t a d v a n c e s in t h e calculation of vibrational hyperpolarizabilities of
p o l y a t o m i c m o l e c u l e s , a n d w e will p r e s e n t e x p e r i m e n t a l m e a s u r e m e n t s w h i c h m a y be u s e d to t e s t s u c h calculatio ns. T h e nonlinear
optical p r o p e r t i e s of m o l e c u l e s in t h e c o n d e n s e d p h a s e a r e s t r o n g l y modified by their e n v i r o n m e n t , a s is s h o w n by a c o m p a r i s o n
of g a s - p h a s e a n d liquid-phase m e a s u r e m e n t s a n d a b initio c a l c u l a t i o n s of molecular hyperpolarizabilities. M e t h o d s for a c c u r a t e
a b initio calculation of molecular hyperpolarizabilities in t h e c o n d e n s e d p h a s e h a v e n o t y e t b e e n d e m o n s t r a t e d ,
48
Physics in Canada
May 1993
Liquids, Gases and Blood
Session [FC]
Chair: R. Desai, University of Toronto
Room C 9 0 0 1
1330 h
FC1
DONALD SULLIVAN, Department of Physics, University of Guelph
Theory of Interfaces In Complex Liquids
While bulk isotropic phases of molecular liquids are orientationally disordered, interfaces of such phases generally
exhibit some degree of spontaneous orientational ordering. This seminar describes statistical mechanical studies,
based on classical density-functional theory, of such interfacial ordering in systems of liquid crystals as well as
aqueous solutions. The main examples considered are the growth of nematic and smectic films at the free surface of
an isotropic liquid crystal phase, and the structure of ordered layers at the free surface of liquid water.
1 41 5 h
FC2
LARRY S 0 R E N S E N , University of Washington
"Layer-by-Layer
Freezing of Liquid Crystals:
Abstract
Probing the Intermolecular
not available for
Forces and Finite-Size
Effects"
publication
1500 h
Coffee Break
1 51 5 h
FC3
STEPHEN MORRIS, Department of Physics, University of Toronto.
Pattern Formation
Experiments
in Convecting
Gases '
This talk will describe experiments on Rayleigh-Bénard convection, the buoyancy driven hydrodynamic instability of a fluid layer
heated from below. The working fluid is gaseous CO2 under pressure, in a regime where it is effectively incompressible. For a
laterally unbounded layer, nonlinear theory predicts bistability and a hysteretic transition between hexagonal flow cells and straight
rolls as the temperature difference across the layer is increased. It is found experimentally that the hexagon to roll transition occurs
via a process analogous to nucleation at the sidewalls of the cell. In the parameter range where stationary straight rolls are
expected, we find instead stable rotating spiral patterns. At larger values of the temperature difference, the pattern breaks up into a
chaotic mass of interacting rotating spirals. We will present measurements of the statistical structure of this state, which is a new
form of "defect turbulence". The quantitative characterization of such spatially extended chaotic states is an important open problem.
* Work done at U. C. Santa Barbara in collaboration with E. Bodenschatz, J. R. de Bruyn, D. S. Cannell and G. Ahlers, supported by
NSERC and DOE.
1600 h
FC4
MICHAEL WORTIS. Simon Fraser University
Red Blood Cells and Artificial
Vesicles: Shapes and Shape
Transformations
Amphiphilic molecules self-assemble in aqueous solution under appropriate conditions to form bilayer films which are internally fluid
but resist bending in the normal directions. Positive edge energies promote the formation of closed structures such as vesicles. The
membrane of the red blood cell is a phospholipid bilayer vesicle with an additional protein superstructure (the cytoskeleton). Similar
vesicles can also be produced artificially. Shapes of such vesicles are controlled by the elastic bending energy, as was first pointed
out by Helfrich. Control parameters include the area and volume of the vesicle and the area difference between the inner and outer
leaves of the bilayer. Characteristic shapes include oblate and prolate ellipsoids, discocytes, stomatocytes, and budded shapes
consisting of t w o or more parts connected by narrow necks. This talk will describe elastic models for shapes and shape transformations
of vesicles. We find that a viable model must include both the local bend rigidity (as in Helfrich's model) and an additional nonlocal
term. The model provides a plausible understanding of the observed shapes and shape transformations of both artificial vesicles and
red blood cells.
mai 1993
49
M O N D A Y , JUNE14:1800h+(SouthConcourse)
Session [FD]
DPP Contributed Oral
Chair:
W . R o z m u s , U n i v e r s i t y of A l b e r t a
Room
AQ4120
1430 h
Time Resolving X-Rav Diagnostic for Plasmas Produced by
F D 1 Subpicosecond Lasers.
Ç.Y. Côté, J.C. Kieffer, Z. Jiang, M.
Chaker, Y. Beaudoin, INRS-Enerpie et Matériaux. A. Mens, R.
Verrecchia, R. Sauneuf, D. Schirmann, CEA Limeil. France. P.
Jaanimagi, U. of Rochester. USA. The recent developments in laser
technology allows to produce ultrashort and ultra-intense laser pulses
which are used to create ultrashort gradient scalelength plasmas.
These dense short-lived plasmas are very interesting for the production
of ultrafast X-ray source. We present in this work a characterization
of two X-ray streak cameras working with a 1 ps to 2 ps temporal
resolution.
We used a Kentech streak camera which has been
modified (50 kV/cm, KBr photocathodes, 8 ps/mm sweeping rate) and
the C850X streak camera designed by CEA and working with a
bilamelar tube with a quadrupole electrostatic lens. We present
comparative calibration results concerning dynamic range, line spread
function, time resolution and transmission of the tubes. Both cameras
have been used to diagnose a plasma produced by the INRS Table Top
Terawatt 500 fs laser (1.053 /tin) at an intensity of 10 17 W/cm 2 .
1500 h
P l a s m a s p r o d u c e d in l a s e r - h e a t e d foam.
A.
FD3
F O R S M A N , A. N G , P h y s i c s Dept., U n i v . of B r i t i s h Col u m b i a , C a n a d a , L. DA SILVA, J . N I L S E N A N D R.
MORRISON, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,
U.S.A. - L a s e r h e a t e d f o a m o f f e r s a n i n t e r e s t i n g possib i l i t y of p r o d u c i n g a l a r g e p l a s m a w i t h a d e n s i t y m u c h
l o w e r t h a n t h a t r e s u l t e d f r o m l a s e r - h e a t i n g of a solid.
S u c h p l a s m a s m a y b e of i n t e r e s t a s a g a i n m e d i u m i n
x - r a y l a s e r s o r a s a l o n g s c a l e - l e n g t h p l a s m a s o u r c e for
t h e s t u d y of p a r a m e t r i c i n s t a b i l i t i e s . P r e l i m i n a r y r e s u l t s
of a s t u d y e x p l o r i n g t h e d e p o s i t i o n of a 2.3 ns, 0.53 //m
l a s e r p u l s e i n A g a r (CH2O) s u g g e s t t h a t for a s u f f i c i e n t l y
s m a l l focal spot, t h e l a s e r b e a m p r o p a g a t e s i n t o t h e f o a m
t a r g e t b y s t r o n g self-focussing. T h i s y i e l d s a p l a s m a fila m e n t i n s i d e t h e f o a m w i t h a d i a m e t e r less t h a n 50 /im
a n d a l e n g t h e x c e e d i n g 400 /im.
1445 h
X-UV Spectroscopy of U s e r Plasmas and Development of an
FD2
X-UV Characterization facility Z. Jiang, J.C. Kieffer, M. Chaker,
INRS-Energie et Matériaux. We are constructing an improved X-UV
monochromator/spectrometer (30 À-300 A) that will upgrade and
extend our X-UV measurements capabilities. The new system is to be
used for the spectroscopy of ultrashort plasmas produced by intense
subpicosecond laser, in our X-ray laser studies and it will be the basic
tool of our program devoted to the characterization of soft X-ray
optics and instrumentation. We will describe this new metrology
project and present preliminary results obtained with the INRS T
laser plasma X-UV source. Spectra of plasmas produced by various
pulses (500 fs at 10 17 W / c m ' , 1 ps at 10 16 W/cm 2 , 5 ps at 10 16
W/cm 2 and 1 ns at 10 13 W/cm 2 ) incident on various targets will be
discussed. We will show the importance and the necessity of such a
low cost calibration facility for fusion research, X-ray laser research,
X-ray microlithography and X-UV instrumentation industry.
1 51 5 h
Fast Plasma Wave Harmonics and Mode-Coupled
FD4
Harmonics from Law-Beatwave Drive. T.W. JOHNSTON, INRS
Energie et Matériaux. Varennes. Quebec, J3X 1S2 - In connection
with the recent demonstration^] of electron acceleration to relativistic
energies by beatwave-driven (at 10.3p. and 10.6p laser wavelengths)
fast plasma waves, scattering observations have been made up to the
third plasma harmonic at an SBS mode-coupled wavenumber of
2kincjd9nt. The need is to relate these striking mode-çoupled harmonic
(MCH) signals to the strength of the important fast (y phase =35) plasma
wave. Using current and electric field eliminated in favour of the
charge density in the plasma electron momentum equation, two sets
of quantities have been derived. The fast wave harmonic number
coefficients prove to be slightly less than 1 (i.e. for the nth harmonic,
dn is nearly d", where dn = p/pg). The coefficient ratios for the MCH
are more complicated (in the limit of negligible temperatures the first
three MCH coefficients are 1/6, 5/36 and 57/572, in the equation for
the nth MCH dn 1 = coeff.e"f</H, with »Fas the normalized fast wave
field (qE/mpmc) and dR the normalized SBS-indiced density ripple.
These results will be applied to experiments at UCLA.
[1] C. Clayton eta!., Phys. Rev. Lett. 70(1) 37-40 (1993) (January 4).
Session [FE]
Industrial Physics I
Chair:
A.E. D i x o n , University of W a t e r l o o
Room
AQ4130
1330 h
FE1
CARLA MINER, A d v a n c e d Technology Laboratory, Bell Northern Research
Optical
Characterization
of lll-V Materials
for Epitaxial
Process
Control
The increasingly sophisticated designs of t o d a y ' s optoelectronic devices present a considerable challenge t o
t h o s e r e s p o n s i b l e f o r t h e g r o w t h a n d c h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n o f t h e e p i t a x i a l layers f r o m w h i c h t h e y are f a b r i c a t e d
T h i s p r e s e n t a t i o n will d i s c u s s v a r i o u s a p p r o a c h e s t o n o n - d e s t r u c t i v e t e s t i n g o f e p i t a x i a l lll-V m a t e r i a l s f o r
p r o c e s s c o n t r o l , c o n c e n t r a t i n g o n r o o m t e m p e r a t u r e o p t i c a l t e c h n i q u e s s u c h as scanning p h o t o l u m i n e s c e n c e
s p e c t r o s c o p y , s c a n n i n g r e f l e c t a n c e s p e c t r o s c o p y a n d p h o t o r e f l e c t a n c e s p e c t r o s c o p y . It will be s h o w n t h a t t h e s e
t h r e e provide t h e rapid f e e d b a c k necessary in an industrial s i t u a t i o n on t h e key m a t e r i a l p r o p e r t i e s s u c h as b a n d
gap, layer thickness, doping and interface quality.
50
Physics in Canada
May 1993
[FE] Industrial Physics I
MONDAY. JUNE 14
ROOM A Q 4 1 3 0
1445 h
Coffee Break
1415 h
An Overview of Non-nuclear Scientific and
FE2
Industrial Programs at TASCC
J.S. FORSTER AND H.R.
ANDREWS, Chalk River Laboratories - The Chalk River
Tande» Accelerator Superconducting Cyclotron (TASCC) is
a national facility devoted to research in heavy-ion
physics and applications In other scientific and
technical areas.
The accelerator system comprises a
15 MV Tandem a c c e l e r a t o r that injects into a
superconducting cyclotron.
Vhen required, the Tandem
can also operate In stand-alone «ode.
The TASCC
facility provides a wide range of ion species with
energies as low as a few MeV to upper limits above
2 GeV. Following an overview of the facility, a number
of existing program will be described.
These include
accelerator mass spectrometry of 3 6 C1, the simulation
of radiation damage effects in nuclear fuel, radlolysis
studies, single-event upset effects in integrated
circuits, and track formation in volcanic glasses. As
well, some other potential application will be
outlined.
Most of the scientific research at TASCC
involves collaborations with university facility and
their students; ve welcome external users for
independent or collaborative applied research as well
as commercial customers for ion-beam applications.
1515 h
CENT,
FE4
Proton Therapy at T R I U M F . E.W. B L A C K M O R E , J.S. VINT R I U M F — Proton beam therapy is of established value for
the treatment of selected tumours, such as malignant melanoma of the
eye, and vascular diseases. The T R I U M F cyclotron is a unique particle
accelerator for proton therapy as it provides variable energy and variable intensity proton beams in the ideal energy range. For several years
discussions have been held with the British Columbia Cancer Agency
and the Departments of Ophthalmology and Neurosurgery at the University of British Columbia to develop a proposal for proton therapy
at T R I U M F based on two specific treatments: tumours of the eye and
orbit using a beam energy range of 70-120 MeV; and neuroradiosurgery
of brain lesions, such as AVMs, using energies between 150-250 MeV.
Recently sufficient funds has been made available from a local foundation to allow the eye program to go ahead. The design of the proposed
treatment facility is described.
Black Holes, Triangles and Spirals
Chair: G. Kunstatter, University of Winnipeg
Room A Q 4 1 4 0
1500 h
FE3
Whole Cortex 64 Channel MEG System.* J. VRBA, K.
BETTS, M. BURBANK, T. CHEUNG, D. CHEYNE, A. FIFE, S. LEE
G. HAID, P. KUBIK, J. McCUBBIN, J. McKAY, D. McKENZIE,
K. MORI, P. SPEAR, B. TAYLOR, M. TILL0TS0N and G. XU,
CTF Systems Inc., Port Coquitlam, B.C. - The paper
describes the construction, performance, and the first
results obtained with a whole cortex 64 channel SQUID
MEG system developed by CTF Systems Inc. The system
features are: 1. good low frequency noise cancellation
in an unshielded environment and a very large noise
cancellation when combined with a modestly shielded room;
2. noise cancellation based on the software formation of
high order gradiometers with near field responses similar
to that of 1st order gradiometers; 3. system coefficients
determined non-adaptively and independent of time, field
character, and dewar orientation; 4. whole cortex coverage; and 5. a system architecture which accommodates a
large number of channels and allows simultaneous
collection of EEG and MEG data.
*Supported in part by the Canadian DND, DSS, TDC and BC
Science Council. We would like to thank Dr. D. Racansky,
University of Toronto, for headform loan.
1 530 h
Conductance Changes of Vanadium Pentoxlde Films
in Reducing Atmospheres. 0. SCHILLING and K. COLBOW,
SFU - Vanadium pentoxide is generally a non-stoichiometric material, known for its catalytic properties in many
oxidation reactions. Oxygen vacancies are the origin of
its electric conductivity. We determined the influence
reducing gases have on the conductance of vanadium pentoxide films, which were prepared from crushed powder,
from gel, and by evaporation. It was found that gases
such as ammonia, ethanol, hydrogen, and methanol
increase the conductances of these films compared to
their conductances in air. After removal of the gas,
exposure to air led to a drop in the conductance, back
to its original value.
A model is proposed that involves a surface reaction
of atmospheric reducing gas and oxygen, and diffusion of
lattice oxygen to accommodate for changes at the
surface.
As a gas sensor, a film temperature of 300°C to 400°C
is required; the temperature of maximum sensitivity
depends on the reducing gas. To detect hydrogen, a
platinum catalyst (optimum Pt:V ratio of about 0.1)
appears necessary to make hydrogen molecules reactive
towards the surface.
S e s s i o n [FF]
1500 h
FP1
Exact Q u a n t u m Wave Functionals for 2-D Black
Holes"
J . G e g e n b e r g ( U. of New
G . K u n s t a t t e r ( U . of
Brunswick)
Winnipeg)
H a w k i n g r a d i a t i o n p r o v i d e s a t a n t a l i z i n g a n d still p o o r l y u n d e r s t o o d link b e t w e e n g r a v i t a t i o n t h e o r y , q u a n t u m m e c h a n ics a n d t h e r m o d y n a m i c s . In t h i s p a p e r , we d e s c r i b e a first
tentative step towards a new, non-perturbative approach to
t h e a n a l y s i s of i m p o r t a n t q u e s t i o n s s u r r o u n d i n g t h e e n d p o i n t
of t h e g r a v i t a t i o n a l collapse of a r a d i a t i n g black hole. In p a r t i c u l a r , we c a l c u l a t e t h e u n i q u e , e x a c t q u a n t u m wave f u n c t i o n a l for a n isolated black hole in a solvable 2-D m o d e l
o b t a i n e d by i m p o s i n g s p h e r i c a l s y m m e t r y in 4-D E i n s t e i n
g r a v i t y . By s u i t a b l y r e l a x i n g t h e b o u n d a r y c o n d i t i o n s , we
o b t a i n a n ansatz for t h e wave f u n c t i o n of a black hole intera c t i n g w i t h its s u r r o u n d i n g s . T h e r e s u l t i n g w a v e f u n c t i o n
h a s i n t e r e s t i n g p r o p e r t i e s suggestive of H a w k i n g r a d i a t i o n .
" S u p p o r t e d in p a r t by N a t .
C o u n c i l of C a n a d a .
Sciences a n d E n g
1 51 5 h
Q u a n t u m Effects in Black Hole Interiors
FF2
VV. G. A N D E R S O N , P. R. B R A D Y , W . I S R A E L , a n d S H A R O N
M. M O R S I N K , C I A R Cosmology P r o g r a m , T h e o r e t i c a l Physics
I n s t i t u t e , University of A l b e r t a - T h e Weyl c u r v a t u r e inside a
black hole f o r m e d in a generic collapse grows, classically w i t h o u t
b o u n d , near t o t h e inner horizon, d u e to p a r t i a l a b s o r p t i o n a n d
b l u e s h i f t i n g of t h e radiative tail of t h e collapse. Using a spherical
m o d e l , we e x a m i n e how this growth is modified by q u a n t u m effects
of c o n f o r m a l l y coupled massless fields.
Research
mai 1 9 9 3
51
MONDAY, JUNE 14
ROOM A Q 4 1 4 0
[FF]
1 545 h
Interactions in Conformai Field Theory and Triangles*
1530 h
M.A. WALTON, Physics Dept.. University of Lethbridge
FF3
- Certain conformai field theories (the W Z N W models) have
a finite Lie symmetry algebra g contained in an affine Lie
current algebra g, at level k. For large k, the fields couple
according to the tensor product decompositions of g. At finite
k, however, some of these couplings vanish and the so-called
fusion rules tell us which survive. T h e general properties of
these fusion rules will be discussed. For g = su(N), they will
be related to the recently introduced Berenstein-Zelevinsky
triangles. Our results 1 demonstrate the triangles provide a
natural language for the discussion of W Z N W fusion rules.
1
L. Bégin, P. Mathieu and M.A. Walton, Mod. Phys.
Lett.
A 7 (1992) 3255; L. Begin, A.N. Kirillov, P. Mathieu and M.A.
Walton, preprint, 1/93.
•Supported in part by NSERC.
PP4
Black Holes, Triangles and Spirals
Spirals and Branches in the Mandelbrot
Set.
JOHN STEPHENSON,
Physics Department,
University of Alberta. For real values of the
parameter c, the non-linear iterative system
zn+1
=
z„2 + c, n =
0,1,2,...,
exhibits
bifurcation leading to the onset of chaos.
Those complex values of c for which iterates
starting at the origin with z 0 = 0 remain
bounded form the Mandelbrot set.
Most of our
knowledge of the Mandelbrot set comes from
direct numerical calculations, which reveal its
highly decorative appearance.
I present some
arithmetic
and
analytical
results
which
describe and account for the structure of the
various spirals and branches around the main
cardioid. Especially I can give an arithmetic
and analytical account of the "gre.it spiral" on
branch 29 in MAP 38 in "Peitgen and Richter"'
and the "giant tentacle" in MAI' 42 (ibid).
This branch terminates in a preperiodic point
of preperiodic index 29.
' H.-0.Peitgen and P.H.Richter, "The Beauty of
Fractals", Springer-Verlag (New York 1986)
Joint Nuclear/Particle Physics Session
Session [FG]
Chair: E. Vogt, TRIUMF
Room B 9 2 0 0
1600 h
FG1
C.A. Miller. T R I U M F
HERMES:
a Precise Experiment
for Nuekon
Spin
Structure'
T h e HERMES experiment will study in a complete and precise way the spin structure of the nucléon at HERA. To measure spin dependent
deep inelastic scattering from the proton and neutron. HERMES will utilize a new technique - polarized internal gas targets of hydrogen,
deuterium and 3He in the longitudinally polarized electron beam of the HERA storage ring at beam energies between 3C and 35 GeV. High
statistical precision and the ability to rapidly reverse the target spin are crucial to understanding and minimizing systematic errors. The
x dependences of the proton and neutron spin-dependent structure functions will be measured to high precision. The determination of the
integral over x of their difference will test the fundamental Bjorken Sum Rule, making contact with the weak sector. In addition. HERMES
will detect leading hadrons from spin-dependent deep inelastic scattering. This will provide crucial additional information on the relative
contribution of the valence versus sea quarks to the spin asymmetries.
• Work supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
1645 h
FG2
CHARLES GALE, McGill University
Lepton Pair Production
in High Energy Heavy Ion
Collisions
E l e c t r o m a g n e t i c signals h a v e r e p r e s e n t e d invaluable p r o b e s in s u b a t o m i c p h y s i c s for a long t i m e . Similarly, l e p t o n s a n d p h o t o n s
e m i t t e d d u r i n g h e a v y ion collisions provide u s e f u l information a b o u t t h e s p a c e - t i m e evolution of t h e h o t a r d d e n s e strongly
i n t e r a c t i n g m a t t e r . W e will d i s c u s s t h e calculation of t h e s e signals a n d t h e information t h e y carry, c o n c e n t r a t i n g o n lepton pairs.
1730 h
FG3
WOLFGANG L0RENZ0N, TRIUMF/Simon Fraser University
Search for Colour Transparency
in (e,e'p) at SLAC '
It has been predicted in perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) that nuclear matter would become "transparent" to hadrons involved
in exclusive reactions at large momentum transfer. This prediction, known as "colour transparency", is a consequence of Jirguments based on
fundamental aspects of the hadronic interactions in QCD. Various models have been suggested and used to estimate the magnitude of the effect
at experimentally accessible energies and their predictions vary considerably. The quasielastic (e.e'p) process in nuclei is a particularly clean
process to study this effect. An experiment performed at SLAC to explore this issue in quasielastic proton knockout via electron scattering at
large momentum transfer and proposals for new experiments will be discussed.
Work supported by the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Energy
52
Physics in Canada
May 1993
1630 h
AQ4100
Meeting of Women in Physics Committee
1800
S O U ThH
POSTER AND BEER SESSION
WIP
PLENARY
CONCOURSE
1800 h
Diamond Club
1900 h
AQ4120
Physics Departments Heads/Chairs Dinner
. h o s t e d b y D r M p | i s c h k e , SFU
PHYS
CJP Editorial Board Meeting
CJP
TUESDAY, JUNE 15
Industrial and Applied Physics - Plenary
Session [GA]
Chair: A.C. McMillan, CAP Vice-President
Room C 9 0 0 1
0830 h
James C. Wyant, WYKO Corporation, Tucson, AZ
GA1
Recent Developments in Computerized lnterferometric
Metrology
The capabilities of interferometric metrology are greatly enhanced by interfacing the interferometer to a computer. The computer can automatically
take the data, perform analyses on the data, and correct for measurement errors introduced by the environment or quality of the interferometer This
talk will concentrate on the measurement of surface shape on both the macro and microstructure level. The ability to use computerized
interferometric metrology to measure surface height variations from 100 microns to Angstroms will be demonstrated. The capability to perform
K
measurements having greater accuracy than the reference surface will be illustrated.
Particle Physics II
Session [HA]
Chair: P. Watson, Carleton University
Room B9200
0930 h
HA1
JOSEPH MILDENBERGER, Department of Physics, Carleton University
OPAL Measurements
of Inclusive
and Exclusive
B Hadron
Lifetimes
The quantity of data collected at LEP is n o w sufficient to make statistically meaningful measurements and comparisons of the
lifetimes of individual B hadrons. Observations of variations in lifetimes among the different species would provide important
information for models of B hadron decay, and QCD interactions in general. Results of recent OPAL measurements of B hadron
lifetimes will be presented, including individual measurements for the B°, B + and B° mesons, the b baryons, as well as the average
B hadron lifetime.
101 5 h
HA2
M I C H E L L E F E B V R E , D e p a r t m e n t of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria
TeV Physics with ATLAS
at LHC
T h e Standard Model of electroweak and strong interactions so far withstands the scrutiny of experiments, but
important questions remain. T h e planned Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at C E R N , Geneva, will allow the investigation of the laws of N a t u r e at the TeV mass scale and provide better understanding of the origin of mass. T h e
LHC is the natural next step in C E R N ' s successful programme and builds on its expertise and existing facilities.
There is a widespread consensus t h a t new phenomena from physics beyond the Standard Model are likely to
become visible, such as supersymmetry and quark compositeness. The ATLAS collaboration proposes a general
purpose detector to exploit the full physics reach of the LHC. T h e technical challenges involved are tackled by
extensive R&D efforts. T h e LHC will be introduced along with a review of its physics motivation. T h e ATLAS
detector will be presented along with results from R&D activities.
mai 1993
53
TUESDAY, JUNE 15
ROOM AQ4130
[HA] Particle Physics II
1045 h
Coffee Break
1 1 00 h
R E N E E P O U T I S S O U , T R I U M F , Vancouver, B.C.
HA3
Rare K Decay Results from
E787
T h e E787 collaboration has completed the first phase of t h e experimental search for the processes K+ —»
missing; neutrals with
t h e m a j o r goal being t h e first observation of the GIM suppressed decay A' + —» x y v v if it occurs within the range of branching ratios
predicted by the S t a n d a r d Model (SM), (1 - 6) X 10" 1 0 . K+ -* n+vv is a unique reaction for examining the detailed predictions of higher
order effects in the SM being sensitive to important unknown parameters (e.g. mt and Vtd). Initial d a t a has been analyzed for the decay
K+ -> 7T+1/P using the kinematic regions below and above the K+ -» 7r+7T° peak giving a new upper limit of 5.2 X 10~ 9 (90% CL). Results
of searches for other rare decays will also be presented as well as a s t a t u s report on the upgrade of the b e a m and the detec-.or for the final
phase of the experiment.
1 130 h
HA4
David B. MacFarlane, Department of Physics, McGill University
„
, „
Status of B
n
Factories
T h e study of C P violation in the B meson system is well recognized to offer both a definitive opportunity for testing the Standard Model,
as well as a serious challenge to the ingenuity of accelerator builders and experimentalists alike. Conceptual designs for B Factories,
i.e. high-luminosity asymmetric-energy electron-positron storage rings, have been developed at Cornell, DESY, SLAC and KEK. T h e
construction of such a facility would allow a complete and wide-ranging experimental examination of C P violation in B decays. Simulations
of experiments at a B Factory, which lead to reliable predictions for sensitivity to C P asymmetries, will be examined. T h e status of the
various proposed projects, and efforts to design detectors for these facilities, will also be highlighted.
Optical Properties of Condensed Matter
Session [HB]
Chair: S. Charbonneau, National Research Council
Room C 9 0 0 1
0930 h
JAMES P. WOLFE, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
HB 1
Progress
on Bose-Einstein
Condensation
of
Excitons*
The exciton, or bound electron-hole pair, produced by photoexcitation of a semiconductor is an attractive candidate for
observing Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) due to its small effective mass. Cuprous oxide is particularly suited to this
goal due to its forbidden direct gap, the large excitonic b i n d i n g energy (150 meV), and an electron-hole exchange w h i c h
inhibits formation of excitonic complexes. Time resolved photoluminescence of C u 2 Û following pulsed laser excitation at
l o w temperature shows a quantum saturation effect at the phase boundary for BEC. A p p l y i n g uniaxial stress to the crystal
reduces the excitonic multiplicity and leads to an extra component i n the spectrum, interpreted as a Bose-condensate.
*Work supported by NSF D M R Grant 92-07458.
54
Physics in Canada
May 1993
[HB] Optical Properties of Condensed Matter
TUESDAY, JUNE 15
R O O M AQ4120
1000 h
E x c i t o n i c superfluidity in C u 3 Q . E . F o r t i n , S. F a f a r d ,
HB2
E . B e n s o n , G . L a f r e n i è r e , D e p t . of Physics. U n i v e r s i t y of
O t t a w a , a n d A . Mysvrowicz. É c o l e N o r m a l e S u p é r i e u r e . P a r i s
- E x c i t o n t r a n s p o r t m e a s u r e m e n t s o v e r large d i s t a n c e s w e r e
p e r f o r m e d in u l t r a p u r e C u 2 0 s a m p l e s . F o r t h e local t i m e r e s o l v e d d e t e c t i o n of t h e p a r t i c l e s s e v e r a l m m away f r o m t h e
initial optically excited spot, w e r e c o r d t h e p h o t o v o l t a i c
c u r r e n t r e s u l t i n g f r o m exciton dissociation a t a m e t a l
semiconductor interface.
T h i s m e t h o d of d e t e c t i o n is
appropriate
f o r optically inactive excitons, such
as
p a r a e x c i t o n s in C u 2 0 . T h e results b r i n g e v i d e n c e f o r t h e
s u d d e n a p p e a r a n c e of a n a n o m a l o u s p a r t i c l e c u r r e n t a b o v e
a critical p a r t i c l e density a n d b e l o w a critical t e m p e r a t u r e .
T h e m a j o r i t y of t h e p a r t i c l e s t h e n p r o p a g a t e ballistically a t a
c o m m o n s p e e d n e a r l y e q u a l to t h e l o n g i t u d i n a l s o u n d velocity
in t h e m e d i u m . W e a t t r i b u t e t h e s e e f f e c t s t o t h e o n s e t of a
superfluid excitonic phase.
101 5 h
HB3
Resonant Maqneto-Phot.oluminesc.ence Spectroscopy
in GaAs.
r.a Ac * V.A.
V A KARASYUK,
KARAÇYilK . M.K.
HI
nf Donor Bound1 E x c i t o n s in
NISSEN, A. VILLEMAIRE, M.L.W. THEWALT, and T.W. STEINER,
D e p . o f P h y s . . SFU. - The Zeeman e f f e c t in e x c i t o n s bound
t o n e u t r a l d o n o r s (D°X) in GaAs was s t u d i e d by m e t h o d s
of p h o t o l u m i n e s c e n c e (PL) s p e c t r o s c o p y u n d e r e x c i t a t i o n ,
resonant with the " p r i n c i p a l " (Is f i n a l s t a t e ) t r a n s i t i o n s , in a r a n g e of m a g n e t i c f i e l d s f r o m 0 t o 12 T.
The
measured s e p a r a t i o n s between t h e " t w o - e l e c t r o n s a t e l l i t e s " (TES) ( 2 s , 2 p , 3d f i n a l s t a t e s ) a r e in an e x c e l l e n t
a g r e e m e n t w i t h t h e c a l c u l a t i o n s f o r t h e h y d r o g e n atom in
an a r b i t r a r y m a g n e t i c f i e l d 1 .
The c o r r e s p o n d e n c e i s
e s t a b l i s h e d b e t w e e n t h e TES t r a n s i t i o n s w i t h t h e same
i n i t i a l s t a t e s , which i s in a g r e e m e n t w i t h t h e o b s e r v e d
a n g u l a r d e p e n d e n c i e s of t h e peak e n e r g i e s .
The phenomenological expression is f u r n i s h e d f o r the diamagnetic
s h i f t s , which a c c o u n t s f o r b o t h n o n l i n e a r and l i n e a r
regime.
The c l a s s i f i c a t i o n scheme of t h e D°X s t a t e s in
m a g n e t i c f i e l d i s p r o p o s e d , which e x p l a i n s a l l t h e
m e a s u r e d p o l a r i z a t i o n p r o p e r t i e s of t h e TES.
lw. R O s n e r , G. Wunner, H. H e r o l d and H. R u d e r , J .
B 17, 29 ( 1 9 8 4 ) .
* S u p p o r t e d by t h e NSERC of C a n a d a .
Phys.
1030 h
Coffee Break
1045 h
HB4
JEFF F. YOUNG, Department of Physics, University of British Columbia
Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics in Semiconductors : Many Body Effects'
Technological advances in ultrafast lasers and high-speed computers have enabled much progress Co be made in the
quantitative understanding of how many-body effects influence non-eçjuilibrium free carrier and phonon dynamics in
semiconductors and semiconductor heterostructures over the past five years. The various ways in which the presence
of many free carriers modify the "bare" (single-particle) picture of carrier relaxation will be discussed first, at
a conceptual level. Examples will then be given of experiments and associated model calculations on hot carrier and
hot phonon dynamics under controlled, quasi-equilibrium conditions wherein the free carrier populations can be wellapproximated by Fermi-Dirac distributions.
Under these close-to-equilibrium conditions it is possible to extract
quantitative information regarding carrier-carrier scattering and screening effects.
Situations in which the free
carriers are in completely non-equilibrium distributions (nearly monoenergetic) will then be discussed with examples
of experiments and model calculations which provide a semi-quantitative understanding. The relevance of these basic
processes to the performance of ultrafast opto-electronic devices will also be discussed.
Work supported in large part by the Institute for Microstructural Sciences, National Research Council, Canada.
1115 h
HB5
1 130
In-situ Optical M e a s u r e m e n t s of S u r f a c e R o u g h n e s s
during M B E Growth of Semiconductors Correlated with Scanning
Tunneling Microscopy.
C. Lavoie, M.K. Nissen, T. Pinnington,
T. T i e d j e * . S.R. J o h n s o n , J.A. Mackenzie, Dept. of Physics. U.of
B.C.. *also Dept. of Elect. Eng. - In molecular beam epitaxy ( M B E )
growth of semiconductors, optical techniques are increasingly popular
for m o n i t o r i n g the growth parameters. One of these techniques,
namely measurement of the diffuse reflectance by laser light scattering
(LLS), provides information on the surface r o u g h n e s s [ l , 2 , 3 ] . W c
have used L L S with H e N e and Ar ion lasers (633 and 457 nm
w a v e l e n g t h r e s p e c t i v e l y ) to study the evolution of the s u r f a c e
morphology in-situ during thermal desorption of the oxide from G a A s
substrates, during growth of a G a A s buffer layer and during growth of
G a A s / I n G a A s strained layers. For different samples, we interrupted
the growth at various points in order to perform ex-situ measurement
of the s u r f a c e roughness. Angular distribution of scattered light
measured ex-situ and scanning tunneling microscopy in air were used
to obtain quantitative information on the correlation length and the
vertical distribution of the roughness.
[1] D.J. Robbins et al, SPIE 1012, 25 (1988).
[2] C.Lavoie et al, J. Vac. sci. Technol. A 10,930 (1992).
[3] F.G. Celii et al, Submitted to J. Vac. sei. Technol. (1992)
HB6
Control
of
Photocurrent
Directionality
In
Semiconductor
Q u a n t u m
structures
by
Laser
C o h e r e n c e . * A. KHAN, H. M. VAN DRIEL, U n i v e r s i t y of
T o r o n t o T o r o n t o . C a n a d a . M.5S-1A7 a n d X.-Q ZHOU Max PlancK
Institut f u r F e s t k o r p e r f o r s c h u n e . Stuttgart. G e r m a n y . We
r e p o r t o u r r e c e n t e f f o r t s o n t h e u s e of p h a s e v a r i a t i o n
between
two optical b e a m s to control t h e
current
d i r e c t i o n a l i t y of p h o t o e x c i t e d e l e c t r o n - h o l e p a i r s i n a
semiconductor.
T h e p r e f e r e n t i a l p o p u l a t i o n of c a r r i e r s i n
s p e c i f i c m o m e n t u m s t a t e s is a c h i e v e d t h r o u g h q u a n t u m
mechanical
interference
of s i n g l e
and
two-photon
a b s o r p t i o n p r o c e s s e s . In p r e l i m i n a r y e x p e r i m e n t s c a r r i e r s
are generated
in t h e c e n t r a l A l G a A s b a r r i e r o f a
GaAs/AlGaAs/GaAs a s y m m e t r i c a l q u a n t u m well s t r u c t u r e b y
n o m i n a l l y lOOfs p u l s e s w i t h X= 7 2 0 n m a n d 2X - 1 4 4 0 n m . T h e
d i r e c t i o n a l i t y of t h e p h o t o c a r r i e r s is m o n i t o r e d t h r o u g h t h e
c h a r a c t e r i s t i c r e c o m b i n a t i o n l u m i n e s c e n c e of t h e e l e c t r o n h o l e s in t h e GaAs wells of w i d t h s 5 0 a n d 8 0 A.
1) G. Kurizki, M. S h a p i r o a n d P. B r u m e r , Phys. Rev.B, 3 9 , 3 4 3 5
( 1 9 8 9 ) . 2) N. B a r a n o v a , A.N. C h u d i n o v a n d B. Ya Z e l ' d o v i c h ,
Optics. C o m m u n . , 7 9 , 1 1 6 ( 1 9 9 0 )
* S u p p o r t e d b y NSERC a n d t h e Ont. T e c h n o l o g y F u n d .
mai 1 9 9 3
55
[HBl
TUESDAY, JUNE 15
° P t i c a l Properties of Condensed Matter
ROOM C9001
1 1 45 h
Brillouin Light Scattering Studies of the Exchange
HB7
Coupling in Fe Whisker/Cr/Fe(001) Structures M. FROM.L.X.
LIAO, J.F. COCHRAN, and B. HEINRICH, Simon Fraser U. Brillouin light scattering(BLS) has been used to study the spin
wave modes in structures consisting of a Cr (001) film, a few
monolayers thick, sandwiched between an Fe whisker substrate
and a 20 monolayer thick film of Fe (001). T h e ultrathin films
of Cr(001) and Fe(001) were grown layer by layer in an ultrahigh vacuum system using molecular beam epitaxy. The observed frequencies of the spin-wave modes were used to deduce
the strength of the magnetic exchange coupling between the Fe
film and the Fe whisker substrate. The strength of the coupling
was found to depend very strongly, and non-monotonically, upon
the thickness of the Cr(001) interlayer.
DPP Invited Oral
Session [HC]
Chair: W . Rozmus, University of Alberta
Room A Q 4 1 2 0
0930 h
HC1
AKIRA HIROSE and STOR-M Team, Plasma Physics Laboratory, University of Saskatchewan
Ohmic H-Modes in the STOR-M Tokamak *
In STOR-1M 1 and STOR-M 2 tokamaks, application of short current pulse on normal Ohmic discharges triggers improved confinement phase (Ohmic H-mode) characterized by: (a) reduced H a radiation, (b) reduced edge density/magnetic fluctuations,
(c) pedestal electron density profile, (d) formation of a strong radial electric field layer at the edge, and (e) suppression of
sawtooth oscillations. During Ohmic H-modes, the plasma potential becomes more negative (negative autobiasing). This
observation prompted electrode biasing experiments (artificial biasing). Improved particle confinement has been observed with
bias voltage of either polarity, although positive biasing tends to increase impurities. Also, no significant reduction has been
observed in edge density/magnetic fluctuations. The plausible mechanisms of transition to Ohmic H-mode will bo discussed,
together with its implications to Ohmically-ignited tokamak reactors. 3
* Research sponsored by NSERC.
1
IAEA (Nice, 1988), vol. 1, p.323.
2
IAEA (Wurzburg, 1992), paper CN-56/A-7-3 (to be published); W. Zhang et ai, Phys. Fluids B 4, 3277 (1922).
3
O. Mitarai et ai, Fusion Tech. 23, 79 (1993).
1000 h
Réal D E C O S T E and t h e T d e V team , Centre canadien de fusion magnétique, Varennes, Q u é b e c
HC2
TdeV's Major Contributions
to Divertor Concepts for a Fusion Reactor and
Future
Upgrades'
TdeV, a medium size tokamak, has evolved to become a significant contributor to the international effort in fusion research. Its main
feature is a magnetic divertor considered to be relevant for very large tokamaks. Coupled with electrical plasma biasing and ciyosorption
pumping in the closed divertor enclosure, T d e V ' s divertor geometry has been shown to be very efficient for removing impurities from the
main plasma, including He, a fusion byproduct and a major concern for a reactor. TdeV's capability will be further enhanced in the
summer of 1993 by the addition of a 1.3 M W auxiliary current drive and heating system ( L H C D ) that should lead to quasi steady-state
regimes of operation (5-30 s pulse duration). Future facility upgrades, planned in the context of rapid advances in fusion research, will
also be briefly discussed.
* Supported by the Centre canadien de fusion magnétique
56
Physics in Canada
May 1993 .
with funds from AECL, Hydro-Québec and INRS.
[HC] DPP Invited Oral
TUESDAY, JUNE 15
ROOM
1030 h
HC3
AQ4120
R. RANKIN and J.C. SAMSON, Canadian Network for Space Research, University of Alberta
Computer
Simulations
of MHD Waves and Instabilities
in the Earth's
Magnetosphere
Using a three-dimensional computer simulation code, we examine the evolution of shear Alfven wave field line resonances (FLR's) in the
Earth's magnetosphere. Transient compressional pulses from the Solar Wind can form quantized latitude dependent MHD waveguide modes
in the Earth's magnetosphere. The boundaries of this waveguide are the magnetopause, the turning points of the waves, and the ionosphere.
The interaction is intrinsically three-dimensional, with propagation of the waveguide modes in the anti-Sunward direction. The MHD energy,
in the form of fast wave compressional Alfven waves, is evanescent beyond the turning points, and three-dimensional mode conversion to
shear Alfven FLR's occurs on the Earthward side of the turning points. The plasma flows associated with the velocity shear of the FLR's in
the equatorial plane of the magnetosphere are greater than 100km/s and are large enough to drive nonlinear Kelvin Helmholtz instabilities
within the resonances. The vortices generated in the equatorial plane can propagate along the Earth's geomagnetic field, and may explain
observations of vortex flows in the high latitude ionosphere. It will be shown that field line resonances can narrow to the point where ideal
MHD theory no longer applies. It is then necessary to include finite electron inertia e f f e c t s through a modified Ohms law. The inclusion of
such e f f e c t s leads to field aligned potential drops which can locally accelerate auroral electrons.
1100 h
HC4
JEAN-CLAUDE KIEFFER*. INRS-Energie et Matériaux
Physics of high density plasmas produced by intense subpicosecond
lasers**
The development of compact high intensity lasers, made possible by the technique of chirped pulse amplification, has opened up new horizons
for the study of interaction of radiation with matter. With these subpicosecond laser pulses it is thus possible to produce solid density plasmas
with intensities in the range of 10 18 W/cm 2 . The new Physics of plasmas in extreme environments will be presented. The recent experimental
effort of INRS in this field, in particular on the production of solid density plasmas with a multiterrawatt 500 fs laser, will be reviewed.
*
**
in collaboration with M. Chaker, H. Pépin, Y. Beaudoin (INRS) and C>. Mourou (CUOS)
work supported by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and Ministère de l'Education du Québec.
D N P Contributed Talks
Session
[HD]
Chair: G. Jones, University of British Columbia
Room A Q 4 1 5 0
0930 h
HD1
Status Report on The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
Project. A,B. MCDONALD, Queen's University, for the SNO
Collaboration - The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory is progressing
well towards the planned date for first data acquisition in 1995.
The excavation of the large cavity will be complete in April,
engineering design is very nearly complete, all major construction
contracts are issued and scientific design objectives, including
radioactivity control, are being met for the full scale components.
Photomultipliers, electronics, data acquisition hardware and
software are proceeding on schedule. The SNO heavy water
Cerenkov detector will have the capability of measuring the flux
and energy spectrum of electron neutrinos from 'B decay in the
sun and the total flux of all types of neutrinos above 2.2 MeV.
This will provide an opportunity to determine clearly whether the
low values of solar neutrino fluxes observed to date arise from
incomplete models of the sun or from neutrino flavor change in the
sun (MSW effect) or in transit to the earth. A full status report on
the SNO project will be presented.
1000 h
HD2
Absolute r ^ p Differential Cross Section s at Energies Spanning the
Delta Resonance - M PAVAN, F. DUNCAN, A. FELTHAM, G. JONES,
J. LANGE, K RAYWOOD, M SEVIOR, U.B.C.: J BRACK, R ADAMS,
D F. O T T E W E L L , G. SMITH, B WELLS. TRIUMF: E L MATH1E, R.
TACIK, I L of. Regina. R. A RISTINEN, U. of Colorado: R. HELMER,
S.F.U.: I. STRAKOVSKY, SPNP1. St. Petersburg. H STAUDENMAIER,
U. of Karlsruhe: - Absolute T ± p elastic differential cross sections have been
measured at T R I U M F at several energies surrounding the (3,3) resonance.
This measurement is the fifth in a series at TRIUMF, and completes a program of j r ± p cross section measurements from 30 to 261 MeV incident pion
energy. In this experiment, two-arm coincidence data were taken at 6 incident
pion energies from 138 to 261 MeV for 6 laboratory scattering angles from
60 to 155 degrees. A supercooled 1.5 cm thick flat-walled liquid hydrogen
target was used for all these measurements, while CH2 targets were also used
at 4 energies from 138 to 214 MeV. In addition, forward angle single-arm
measurements from 20 to 70 degrees were taken using the LH2 target at 6
energies from 138 to 214 MeV. Numerous systematic tests were performed
during the course of data taking to extensively explore possible systematic
effects and ensure precise and accurate data normalization in the region of
the (3,3) resonance. This is crucial since the SI 1, S31, and (especially) P33
partial waves dominate all jrN elastic scattering below about 300 MeV. Significant changes to these partial waves would have profound implications for the
dispersion relation calculations used in phase shift analysis, and in subsequent
determinations of the »N sigma term and the irN coupling constant.
mai 1993
57
TUESDAY, JUNE 15
IHD] DNP Contr buted Talks
ROOM A Q 4 1 3 0
1030 h
1015 h
HD3
(-|Q4
Commissioning t h e C H A O S Spectrometer.
J . T . B R A C K , T R I U M F - A unique magnetic s p e c t r o m e t e r with
a complete 360° angular acceptance has been constructed at T R I U M F for studies of pion induced reactions. T h e proposed experimental p r o g r a m includes measurements of analyzing powers for
polarized p r o t o n s a n d larger nuclei, a n d various (it, 2ir) reactions.
T h e s p e c t r o m e t e r consists of a cylindrical dipole m a g n e t producing a vertical magnetic field of u p to 1.6T. Targets are placed at
t h e m a g n e t center. Particle detection a n d tracking are provided
by four concentric cylindrical wire chambers, surrounded by rings
of scintillation counters a n d lead-glass Cerenkov detectors. Commissioning is now nearly complete. T h e experimental p r o g r a m
will begin this s u m m e r .
G a m m a - N e u t r i n o A n g u l a r C o r r e l a t i o n in M u o n
C a p t u r e o n 2 8 Si B.A. M O F T A H , E . G E T E , D . F . MEASDAY,
Univ. of British Columbia. T . P . G O R R I N G E , J . B A U E R , B.L.
J O H N S O N , R. P O R T E R , U n i v . of Kentucky, D.S. A R M S T R O N G ,
Univ. of California, Berkeley, a n d S. STANISLAUS, Valparaiso Univ.
- T h e weak interaction coupling constant gp c a n be studied via
muon c a p t u r e in 2 8 Si. T h e angular correlation between t h e neutrino a n d the nuclear de-excitation 7-ray can be observed by measuring the energy distribution of the 1229 keV Doppler-broadened
7-ray f r o m the sequence 2201fceV -> 972keV
31 keV in 28 A1.
To enhance the signal/background, we have a d o p t e d a coincidence
technique in which the 1229 keV 7-ray is ' t a g g e d ' by t h e subsequent 941 keV 7-ray. A pair of C o m p t o n - s u p p r e s s e i intrinsic Ge
detectors were used to detect the Doppler-broadened 7-ray, while
an array of 9 N a l ( T l ) scintillators detected t h e 941 keV 7-rays.
Initial results yield a signal/background ratio at the 1229 keV
peak of about 5:1, which is a factor of 20 b e t t e r them the only
previous measurement. T h e cuts are being refined, a n d a total of
~ 2 x 104 coincidence events are anticipated in the f r i a l s p e c t r u m .
This should enable a sufficiently precise m e a s u r e m e n t of the angular correlation coefficient a to provide a determination of gp to
about 10%.
1045 h
1100 h
HD5
HD6
Design a n d Tests of a G a s Scintillation T P C t o
D e t e c t A s y m m e t r i e s in M u o n C a p t u r e by Polarized M u o n i c
3
H e . W.J. CUMMINGS,0. HAUSSER, E.J. BRASH, P. DELHEIJ,
M. HASINOFF, R. HENDERSON, W. LORENZON,G.M. MARSHALL, E. SAETTLER, Simon Fraser U., U. British Columbia,
TRIUMF K. HICKS, B. LARSON, Ohio U.
-Tritons emitted
following muon capture by polarized 3 He exhibit a characteristic
asymmetry which allows a model independent extraction of the nuclear pseudoscalar form factor gp. TRIUMF experiment 683 has
been initiated to measure this asymmetry. The experiment requires
that the muon beam is stopped, the muonic 3 He is polarized, and
the triton is detected in the same gas volume. Muonic 3 He will be
polarized by direct spin exchange with optically pumped Rb vapor.
This direct spin exchange method has achieved large polarizations
in experiments at LAMPF 1 . To detect tritons we have developed a
Gas Scintillation Time Projection Chamber (GSTPC). The GSTPC
uses drift and scintillation properties of a He/Nî mixture to measure
the energy and direction of charged particles stopping in the detector. The design of the GSTPC for E683 will be described in detail.
Preliminary results from a recent GSTPC test run will be presented.
Future plans for the experiment will be discussed.
1
A. Barton et ai, preprint; submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett.
1115 h
HD7
Statistical Signature of the Quasi-Projectile Breakup in
the 2 4 M g + 1 9 7 A u Reaction. D. DORE, L. BEAULIEU, R.
LAFOREST, J. POULIOT, R. ROY, C. ST-PIERRE, Univ. Laval.
J.L. LA VILLE, O. LOPEZ, R. REGIMBART, C. STECKMEYER, LEC
- The reaction 2 4 M g + 1 9 7 A u at 70 AMeV has been studied.
The experiment has been performed at Ganil in the
Nautilus reaction chamber with an arrangement of 88
detectors.
Angles from 1.4° to 38° were covered and
charges up to 12 identified.
Secondary beams were used
for energy calibration.
This setup provided a good
e f f i c i e n c y to detect projectile-like fragments for the
system studied.
Projectile breakup has been selected in an
event by event analysis.
After selection, energy spectrum
and angular distributions exhibit the well-known
signature of peripheral collisions.
Exit channels cross
sections are dependent on the Q-value.
This dépendance
shows the predominance of statistical effects, even at 70
AMeV, and these effects are also present in transfer
reactions.
This also observed in the study of ratios of
excitation energy spectra for different multiplicities. The
relation between excitation energies of quasi-projectile
and target presents some interesting features for quasielastic and transfer reactions.
58
Physics in Canada
May 1993
S t u d i e s of
H y p e r d f f n r m a t l o n a t High Angular
Momentum A. GALIND0-URI BARRI, H.R. ANDREWS, G.C. BALL,
V.P. JANZEN, R.V. MACLEOD, D.C. RADFORD, D. WARD (Chalk.
R i v e r ) ; G. HACKMAN, J . KUEHNER, S . K . MULLINS,
L. PERSS0N, D. PREVOST, J . RODRIGUEZ, J . C . WADDINGT0N
(McMaster U); M. CR0HAZ, J . DEGRAAF, T . B . DRAKE, G.
ZWARTZ (U of T o r o n t o ) ! S. PIL0TTB (U of Ottawa) AND R.
WYSS ( J . I . H . I . R . )
The f i r s t
evidence
for
h y p e r d e f o r n a t i o n a t h i g h a n g u l a r momentum h a s been
o b s e r v e d i n an experiment performed a t Chalk R i v e r w i t h
t h e 8* s p e c t r o m e t e r and a 24-element c h a r g e d - p a r t i c l e
d e t e c t o r a r r a y . In the f i r s t e x p e r i n e n t ,
ridges
c o n s i s t i n g of s t r e t c h e d E2 t r a n s i t i o n s v e r e found i n a
proton-selected
7-7 matrix
in the
reaction
120
S n ( 3 7 C l , p x n ) l 5 2 ' 1 5 3 D y a t 187 MeV.
Thoy c o r r e s p o n d
<2>
t o a v e r y l a r g e moment of i n e r t i a J
of a b o u t
130 ft2MeV"1. Two- and t h r e e - d i m e n s i o n a l
correlation
t e c h n i q u e s r e v e a l e d a c a s c a d e o f 10 d i s c r e t e
t r a n s i t i o n s w i t h an a v e r a g e energy s p a c i n g of 30 keV.
P r e l i m i n a r y r e s u l t s o f new e x p e r i m e n t s w i t h a n
a d d i t i o n a l isomer t a g c o n d i t i o n s u g g e s t t h e r i d g e s a r e
in 153Dy.
Supported by NSERC and AECL R e s e a r c h .
1130 h
HD8
Particle Production in 14.6 GeV/c p+A Collision»
J . B A R R E T T E for the E814 collaboration' : J J i L , OSI, _MsGill
Univ.. U. of New Mexico , U. of Pitt»burgh, U. of Sâo Paulo. SUNYStony Brook, Wayne State Univ., Yale Uniy.— Produced particle sp«etra, transverse energy and charged particle multiplicity in proton induced reactions at 14.6 GeV/c on A1 and Pb targets were studied using the E814 experimental setup at BNL. A very weak correlation is
observed between the transverse energy and charged particle multiplicity measured in the same pseudorapidity region. This shows that
global observable distributions are dominated by statistical fluctuations. Transverse mass spectra were measured for protons and charged
pions up to a transverse kinetic energy Kj = (mj- - mo)c' ~ 400 MeV.
Plotting ( l / m f ) d7aIdmxdy as a function of transverse kinetic energy,
all spectra exhibit exponential behaviour. These data which are relevant to the understanding of the low px enhancemtnt observed in the
pion spectra of relativistic energy heavy-ion induced reactions will be
compared to similar E814 results obtained with " S i beam.
" Supported in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
of Canada, the U.S. Dept. of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation,
and the Brasilian Research Council (CNPq).
[HD] DNP Contributed Talks
TUESDAY, JUNE 15
ROOM A Q 4 1 2 0
1145 h
HD9
Particle Correlation in Ultrarelativistic Nucleus-Nucleus
Collisions* S . K . M A R K , J . B A R R E T T E , L. N O R M A N D a n d
M. ROSATI
McGill University.- Ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions lead to the formation of exotic systems whose deexcitation results
in the emission of high multiplicity of charged particles. Due to possible dynamical effects such as the formation of resonances and colour
coherent droplets in the hadronization of the quark-gluon plasma, the
emitted particles may be correlated, giving rise to non-statistical behaviour in their distribution in rapidity space. There are two methodes
which are commonly used to study these fluctuations: the normalized
factorial moments and the split-bin correlation functions. The suitability of these theoretical approaches have been investigated as part of an
R&D project for the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. Extensive Monte
Carlo simulations have been carried out using the FRITIOF event generator to study the influence of detector responses. It is found that
the normal measurement errors introduce correlation effects in uncorr e c t e d particle spectra which are comparable to those associated with
genuinely correlated particles. Results of this simulation work will be
presented and their implications discussed.
• Supported by grant» from NSERC and DOE/RHIC (U.S.).
1200 h
HD10
Research w i t h Radioactive Beam» at TISOL: Present and Future
Plans. John M. D'Auria, SFU -- The thick target, on-line isotope
separator, TISOL, located at the high intensity, 500 MeV proton facility,
TRIUMF, in Vancouver, Canada, now operates regularly to service a
broad experimental program. Recent results include the observation of
beta delayed alpha (BDAI emission from " N and new transitions in BDA
emission from " N . A detailed study of BDA emission from "N has
resulted in a new determination of the rate for the important
astrophysical reaction o + ' 2C
A design study is underway to
eventually lead to a new TISOL-2 facility, capable of handling proton
beam intensities greater than 20 ^ A higher radioactive beam intensities
than elsewhere in the world could result. A small RFQ LINAC postaccelerator (A < 2 3 , E = 6 0 keV/A) is also being designed to study
coupling to an ISOL facility and initiate some types of accelerated beams
studies.
Finally, the ISAC Accelerated Radioactive Beams Facility,
proposed in 1985, is still considered the centrepiece of the Alternate
Future for TRIUMF and a revision of the original concept is underway.
A report on all of these activities will be presented.
Advances in Atomic and Molecular Physics
Session [HE]
Chair: J.B.A. Mitchell, University of Western Ontario
Room AQ 4 1 3 0
0930 h
HE1
S. PADDI REDDY, Department of Physics, Memorial University of Newfoundland
Recent Experimental
Advances
in the Induced Vibrational
Spectra of H,. H: + £>,, and HD*
Several new experiments have been carried out on the collision-induced absorption (CIA) of pure H ; . binary mixtures of H, and D„ and pure
HD for gas densities up to 1000 amagat in the temperature range 77-300 K with a 2 m absorption cell. The observations include the CIA
spectra of H, in its first and second overtone regions, of H, and D, mixtures in the double vibrational region (v = 1
0 of H, and v = 1 <0 of D ; ), and of HD in its fundamental and first overtone regions. Some of the new interesting results include (i) the absence of the
contribution of the isotropic overlap interaction of the collision pairs of molecules to the intensity of the first overtone bands of H, and HD
and to that of the double vibrational band of H,-D, mixtures, (ii) the occurrence of the triple-collision transitions of H, of the type Q,(J) + Q,(J)
+ Q,(J) in the second overtone band of H 2 , and (iii) the occurrence of the T, U and V transitions in the fundamental band of HD corresponding
to the selection rule AJ = 3. 4 and 5, respectively. A brief review of the analyses of the observed spectra and the results arising from them
will be presented.
*Work supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.
1000 h
HE2
I R V I N G O Z I E R , D e p a r t m e n t of P h y s i c s , U n i v e r s i t y of B r i t i s h C o l u m b i a
Fine and. Hyperflne Structure in the Vibrational Spectrum of HBr*
2
T h e v i b r a t i o n - r o t a t i o n s p e c t r u m of H B r + i n t h e n e l e c t r o n i c g r o u n d s t a t e h a s b e e n s t u d i e d b e t w e e n 2060 a n d 2360
cm" 1 a t a r e s o l u t i o n of ~ 0.006 cm" 1 w i t h a d i o d e l a s e r s p e c t r o m e t e r . T h e a b s o r p t i o n l i n e s w e r e d e t e c t e d i n a n a c g l o w
d i s c h a r g e by u s i n g velocity modulation. F o r H 7 9 B r + , over 250 t r a n s i t i o n s were m e a s u r e d w h i c h obey t h e selection r u l e s
(t> + 1. J',
fi)
(v. J. Q ) w i t h / ' - J = 0, ± 1 f o r r = 0, 1, 2. 3, 4 a n d fi = 3 / 2 , 1 / 2 . T h e m a g n e t i c h y p e r f i n e s t r u c t u r e
h a s b e e n r e s o l v e d i n s e v e r a l l o w J m u l t i p l e t s f o r Q = 3 / 2 a n d 1 / 2 . T h e A d o u b l i n g h a s b e e n r e s o l v e d f o r ft = 3 / 2 a t
J > 6.5 f o r a l l t h e v i b r a t i o n a l b a n d s e x c e p t t h e f u n d a m e n t a l , w h e r e n o s p l i t t i n g w a s o b s e r v e d e v e n a t J = 13.5, t h e h i g h e s t
v a l u e s t u d i e d . T h i s u n u s u a l b e h a v i o r h a s b e e n t r a c e d to a n i n t e r e s t i n g f e a t u r e t h a t a r i s e s in t h e e n e r g y level p a t t e r n
b e c a u s e t h e s p i n - o r b i t s p l i t t i n g i s t h e o r d e r of t h e v i b r a t i o n a l s e p a r a t i o n . F i t s h a v e b e e n c a r r i e d o u t first t o t h e h y p e r f i n e
splittings, a n d second to t h e h y p e r f i n e - f r e e f r e q u e n c i e s . A s i m i l a r s t u d y h a s b e e n c a r r i e d out for H 8 1 B r + . T h e r e s u l t i n g
m o l e c u l a r p a r a m e t e r s will be p r e s e n t e d a n d t h e i r isotopic d e p e n d e n c e d i s c u s s e d .
1030 h
Coffee Break
mai 1993
59
TUESDAY, JUNE 15
ROOM A Q 4 1 3 0
[HE)
A d v a n c e s in A t o m i c a n d M o l e c u l a r
Physics
W E. BAYLIS, Department of Physics, University of Windsor
1045 h
HE3
The Dirac Theory of the Electron: New Geometric
Insights*
Solutions to the Dirac equation display a wealth of fascinating quantum phenomena, including antiparticles and negative-energy states, spin, and
Zitterbewegung, which play fundamental roles not only in quantum electrodynamics (QED), but also in quantum chromodynamics (QCD), a
primary source of quantitative predictions in the standard model Although past attempts to relate the quantum phenomena to classical concepts
have had mixed results, an approach' based on the geometric (Clifford) algebra of three-dimensional space, also known as the Pauli algebra', offers
new insights and associates the Dirac spinor with the classical Lorentz transformation from the particle rest frame to the observer's laboratory
frame.
1.
2.
*
1115 h
W E. Baylis, Phys. Rev A45, 4293-302 (1992)
W E. Baylis, J Huschilt, and Jianso Wei, Àin. J Phys 60, 788-97 (1992)
Work supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
A. EUGENE LIVINGSTON, Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame
HE4
Relativistic Atomic Structures in Highly Charged Ions'
Precision measurements of atomic transition energies and excited slate lifetimes in few-electron highly-charged ions provide tests of
relativistic and radiative calculations lor simple many-body systems. Recent experiments for two-electron and three-electron high-Z ions
are sensitive to higher-order corrections in the
: electromagnetic interactions 1 . For helium-like ions, the measurements have
stimulated renewed interest in uncalculated contributions to the atomic structure of this fundamental system?. New measurements of
Rydberg state structures in high-Z lew-electron ions 3 reflect long range electron-ion interactions and provide challenges to relativistic
many-body calculations.
1.
2.
3.
•
H.G. Berry, R.W. Duntord, and A.E. Livingston, Phys. Rev. A 42, 698 (1993).
W.R. Johnson and J. Sapirstein, Phys. Rev. A 4£, 2197 (1992).
F.G. Serpa and A.E. Livingston, Phys. Rev. A 12, 6447 (1991); A.E. Livingston, E.J. Galvez, and F.G. Serpa, Phys. Rev. Lett. S I , 233!> (1990).
Supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, Otfice o( Basic Energy Sciences.
Session [HF]
Industrial Physics II
Chair:
C . M i n e r , Bell N o r t h e r n
Room
AQ4140
Research
0930 h
VDVANCES IN C C D I M A G E S E N S O R T E C H N O L O G Y
Savvas G. Chamberlain
Professor
Electrical & Computer Engineering Department
University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario Canada, N2L 3G1
Tel: (519)888-4598
Fax: (519)746-6321
e-mail: [email protected]
HF1
This paper deals with major issues, progress and trends in the development of solid-state CCD visible image sensors. It covers, linear
and area sensor architectures which are widely used, taped linear and area images for high speed, plus TDI (Time-Delay and Integration) architectures. High frame rate area imagers with effective video rate of greater than 500 MHz are highlighted. Super resolution scientific and surveillance
imagers are also presented. Photoelements for low noise and wide dynamic range, pinned photodiodes for low image lag, photoelements for high
speed and large signal capacity are covered, including readout structures for low noise and large charge to signal conversion ratio. Other topics
which are covered include color sensors, antiblooming techniques and other electronic cameras. Finally, the most recent developments in our
laboratory and DALSA INC. CCD Image sensors, Waterloo, Ontario are highlighted and presented.
1 0 1 5 h Regularization m e t h o d s applied to d e p t h Profiling with
HF2
p h o t o a c o u s t i c spectroscopy R.J.W. H o d g s o n
Physics
D e p a r t m e n t . Univ. of Ottawa.
Application of various
regularization m e t h o d s to quantitative d e p t h profiling using
p h o t o a c o u s t i c spectroscopy ( P A S ) is described. T h e
advantages of these p r o c e d u r e s over that of approximating the
inverse Laplace t r a n s f o r m are d e m o n s t r a t e d . T h e p r o c e d u r e
e n a b l e s o n e to obtain t h e d e p t h - d e p e n d e n t optical-absorption
coefficient f r o m m e a s u r e m e n t s of the photoacoustic frequency
responses. T h e p r o c e d u r e is evaluated using simulated d a t a
with noise. This m e t h o d could be useful not only for the d e p t h
profile with P A S but also for the general depth profile
calculations based o n the Laplace transform.
1030 h
C o f f e e Break
60
Physics in Canada
May 1993
1045 h
HF3
Observation
of
Stable
Waveguide
Propagation
f o r cw CO? L a s e r R a d i a t i o n
in
Liquid Water.
P . M . BRIDGER, I . DUNN a n d W.W.
DULEY,
Physics
Department.
University
of
W a t e r l o o - We h a v e o b s e r v e d t h e t r a n s m i s s i o n
o f CW C0 2 l a s e r r a d i a t i o n t h r o u g h l i q u i d H,0 a t
i n t e n s i t i e s I £ 2 . 5 x 10 6 w a t t s / c m 2 t h a t a r e
s u f f i c i e n t t o produce v a p o r i z a t i o n .
Under
these conditions,
a f o c u s e d C0 2 l a s e r
beam
propagates
inside
a
self-induced
hollow
waveguide with a diameter comparable t o the
focal
spot diameter at t h e s u r f a c e of
the
liquid.
The a t t e n u a t i o n c o e f f i c i e n t h a s b e e n
1
f o u n d t o b e - 7 cm" w h i c h a g r e e s w i t h
that
calculated
from
the
theory
for
a
hollow
waveguide in l i q u i d water.
The s t a b i l i t y o f
this structure is discussed.
[HF] Industrial Physics II
TUESDAY, JUNE 15
ROOM
AQ4120
1100 h
HF4
A highly sensitive and selective hydrogen gas sensor from
thick oriented films of MoSo and WS->. B.K. M I R E M A D I , R.C.
S I N G H , S.R. M O R R I S O N and K. C O L B O W - 3£L[. A new
process was developed to fabricate sensitive and selective hydrogen
sensors by depositing partially crystalline and highly oriented thick
films of M0S2 and WS2 f r o m their single layer suspensions on
alumina substrates. Pt or Pd added as a catalyst enhances the
dissociation of hydrogen molecules on the surface. Unlike most
other metal oxide sensors which operate at 350°C or higher, the
operating temperature of our new sensors is about L20"C or lower.
Pd promoted sensors have a faster response time and a higher
sensitivity at 120'C, Pt sensors can operate at room temperature but
have longer response time. The sensor's response is linear in
concentration f r o m 30 to 10 4 ppm, with a 10 s response time and a 1
m recovery time.
The sensitivity not only depends on hydrogen concentration
but also on the atmosphere in which hydrogen gas is sensed. Under
equal operating conditions, the largest sensitivity for hydrogen is
observed in He gas, next in N2 and the lowest in air.
1115
HF5
Tranferrinp Tons from Atmosphere into Ultra High Vacuum Regions
for Trace Element Deleft ion *
G.Z. LI, W.M. Wang. T. Kim, R.B. Moore, McGill Univ.
We arc developing a system to transfer ions from atmosphere into a
ultra high vacuum regions with high efficiency for trace element
detection in an ion trap. This consists of several parts. The first is to
produce ions by electrospray or corona in atmosphere and to transfer
them into 100 Pa regions. The second and third parts are to use a Radio
Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) in the regions of 100 Pa and 0.1 Pa
respectively for focusing and mass selection of the ions. The fourth part
is to use a Paul trap and a Time-of-Flight (TOF) system for further mass
selection and detection of the ions. The final pan is to substitute the
TOF with a Penning trap for FT-ICR high resolution mass spectrometry.
We have studied all the parts of the system except the Penning trap.
Here we report results on the corona ion source and an RFQ operated in
100 Pa. We use ion mobility to select ions in the atmosphere. It is
shown that the transfer time for the ions from Ihe source into 100 Pa is
about 10 ms for N 2 + ions in N2 gas and in 250 V/cm electrical field and
10 cm drift distance. The efficiency for focusing ions into a 1mm
orifice is about 30%. We have also investigated the RFQ in 100 Pa and
show that for K r + ions in He buffer gas with 10 cV trapping field the
efficiency for ion transfer through a 2mm orifice is about 30%.
' S u p p o r t e d by N S E R C strategic grant.
1 130 h
HF6
High Tc SQUIDs.* A.A. FIFE, CTF Systems Inc. - An
important application of high Tc superconducting (HTS)
electronics is projected to be the use of HTS SQUIDs for
magnetometer and gradiometer applications (e.g.
biomagnetism, non-destructive testing, geo-magnetism).
This paper will present the status of a 5-year, Alliance
program to develop a thin film HTS SQUID technology for
device operation at 77K or higher temperatures. The
Alliance consists of researchers from the physics
departments at Simon Fraser University and the
University of British Columbia, Furukawa Electric Co. of
Yokohama, Japan and CTF Systems. The presentation will
include the following: (a) Multilayer HTS film
deposition and processing; (b) a comparison of the
properties of step edge and bi-epitaxial Josephson
junctions and SQUIDs fabricated from YBC0 and Thallium
films; (c) fabrication of HTS thin film coupling coils
and flux transformers and (d) properties of magnetic
shields compatible with HTS SQUIDs.
«Supported by NSERC, ISTC (STP-Aim) and BC MAETT.
Condensed Matter
Session
Theory
[HG]
Chair: G. Kirczenow, Simon Fraser University
Room B 9 2 0 1
1100 h
HG1
The Two-Roton. Two-Maxon and Maxon-Roton Spectrum in
Superfluid 4He. A. Griffin, and K.J. Juge, University of Toronto.
In 1 9 7 0 , Ruvalds and Zawadowski (RZ) outlined a microscopic
theory of the two-roton pair excitation spectrum in superfluid "He
(including the possibility of a bound two-roton state). RZ also
pointed out that because of a Bose condensate-induced coupling
into the density fluctuation spectrum, t h e s e pair excitations would
s h o w up in inelastic neutron data for SIQ.uil a s high energy
multiparticle scattering above the quasiparticle peak. Stimulated by
recent high-resolution neutron data, we have carried out an
extensive study of the single-particle p,(Q,u/) and the two-particle
p2(Q,u>) spectral densities within the RZ scenario, over a wide range
of wavevectors (1 s Q s 3Â '), frequencies and temperatures. We
extend the original RZ analysis to include the multiparticle structure
associated with the maxon-roton and maxon-maxon spectra.
Previous a t t e m p t s in the literature to fit neutron data for S(Q,u>) at
Q s 2.5Â 1 to either
Q.w) or p2(Q,tu) would not appear to have
1115 h
HG2
Freezing Temperatures of T w o - C o m p o n e n t
Metallic Spin Glasses.*
M A R K R.A. S H E G E L S K I and
J A M E S S. B R O W N , Univ. of Lethbridge
An alternative
theoretical approach has recently been presented for calculating
trends in the freezing temperatures of metallic spin glasses.
W e discuss the criteria involved in extending this approach to
produce a quantitatively satisfactory account of the trends
exhibited in freezing temperatures in metallic spin glasses
having two distinct magnetic species.
' M . R . A . Shegelski and D.J.W. Geldart, Phys. Rev. B 46, 5318
(1992); Phys. Rev. B 46, 2853 (1992).
•Supported financially
grant #4-40777.
by the Univ. of Lethbridge N S E R C
mai 1 9 9 3
61
TUESDAY, JUNE 15
[HG] Condensed Matter Theory
ROOM AQ4130
1130 h
T h e o r y of Two-Dimensional Q u a n t u m Dot A r r a y s
HG3 R . A K I S , C. B A R N E S * , B.L. J O H N S O N and G. K I R C Z E N O W ,
Simon Fraser University. C a n a d a — Q u a n t u m d o t s are o b j e c t s
in which electrons are confined in two-dimensional "boxes". In
t h i s talk, we consider arrays of coupled q u a n t u m dots, where
t h e d o t s are connected via constrictions which e n a b l e electrons
t o b e t r a n s m i t t e d f r o m one dot to t h e next. Such a r r a y s a r e interesting because they should exhibit an exotic f r a c t a l s p e c t r u m
as a f u n c t i o n of magnetic field. A b i p r o d u c t of this s p e c t r u m is
a novel q u a n t u m Hall effect, where t h e c o n d u c t a n c e can either
b e positive or negative and quantized in integer or f r a c t i o n a l
multiples of e 2 / f t . We consider some of the physical requirem e n t s q u a n t u m dot arrays m u s t satisfy in order for this Hall
effect t o b e observed.
* P r e s e n t address: Riken I n s t i t u t e , J a p a n .
1145 h
Miniband formation in Asymmetric
HG4
Double Quantum Well Superlattices Structures. S.
FAFARD*, Y.H. ZHANG, and J.L. MERZ, QUEST-UCSB. Superlattices can be built with Asymmetric Coupled
Quantum Wells designed with the single ground
state of a narrow well (NW) being resonant with the
first or second excited level of the wider well (WW)
in the flat band condition. Depending on the barrier
thicknesses, the extended state built from the
ground state of the NW and the excited state of the
WW will lead to a miniband as the number of wells
is increased, but the ground states of the WW will
always be strongly localized. The electric field
behavior leading to Wannier-Stark localization or
Confined Stark Effect is studied theoretically and
experimentally.
'NSERC PDF
1200 h
CAP
AQ4120
DPP
Division of Plasma Physics
A Q 4 1 0 0 Division of Physics Education
AQ4140
Division of Industrial and Applied Physics
B9201
Division of Theoretical Physics
DPE
DIAP
DTP
A Q 4 1 3 0 Division of Atomic and Molecular Physics
C9001
Diamond
Club
Images
Theatre
DAMP
CINS Report on Plan for Nuclear Reactor to Replace NRU
-- open to all Congress participants
CINS
Past President's Luncheon
LUMONICS - Student Paper Presentations and CAP AWARDS
(Chaired by Dr. M. Plischke, SFU)
CAP
PLENARY
1300 h
Kevin B. Strawbridge, University of Guelph - "Size Distributions obtained by Integrated Light Scattering
Spectroscopy by the Inversion of l(O)" [see PD1 for abstract]
1315 h
Sherry Towers, CERN - "The r - K c a n d r ^ vv Branching Ratios at the OPAL Detector at LEP" [see PL9 for
abstract]
1330 h
Stephen K. O'Leary, University of Toronto - "A Modified Effective Mass Model of Hydrogenated Amorphous
Silicon" [see PA11 for abstract]
1345 h
Sandra L. Eix, Simon Fraser University - "Optical Switching Between Bistable Soliton States of the Second Kind"
[see EA2 for abstract]
1400 h
Zheng Huang, Simon Fraser University - "Anomalous Discrete Symmetry and Spontaneous CP Violation" [see
J A 6 for abstract]
1415 h
Christian-Y. Côté, INRS-Energie - "First picosecond time-resolved keV spectroscopy of plasmas produced by
subpicosecond laser pulses" [see FD1 for abstract]
1430 h
Datong Yang, Simon Fraser University - "X-Ray Powder Diffraction of Two-Dimensional Materials"
for abstract]
1445 h
Said Sakhi, Université de Montréal - "Large-N and Finite-Temperature Studies of a 2 + 1 dimensional Model
Exhibiting Superconductivity" [see PC9 for abstract]
62
Physics in Canada
May 1993
[see JE3
TUESDAY, JUNE 15
Images Theatre
1 500 h
PLENARY
WALTER N. HARDY, University of British Columbia
What Can One Say About
the Pairing State in the Copper Oxide Superconductors
by Magnetic
Measurements?
Most of the traditional methods for investigating the pairing state of superconductors, such as tunneling, specific heat, direct
measurement of the gap by far infrared radiation, etc., have turned out to be problematic for the high Tc superconductors. In this
talk, I will briefly explain these difficulties and then describe three types of magnetic measurements being made by groups at UBC,
w h i c h are giving important information on the nature of the ground state in cuprate superconductors.
1 530 h
NICK KAISER, CITA, University of Toronto
Testing the Cold Dark Matter Model for Cosmological
Structure
Formation
The "standard" CDM model for cosmological structure formation makes several firm and testable predictions. First there is the
general expectation that inflation would have prepared the universe w i t h density very close to the critical value required to close
the universe. Second, and more specific to the CDM model, is the prediction for the spectrum and gaussian nature of the
primordial quantum fluctuations from w h i c h structure in the universe is thought to have developed.
After briefly describing the physics behind the model I will review h o w well it has stood up to the numerous observational tests.
I will argue that in many respects the theory has been very successful, and that at a qualitative level at least the theoretical
predictions nicely match w h a t is observed. A serious challenge to the model however comes from statistical studies of galaxy
clustering on large scales, and I will describe h o w this has stimulated interest in possible modifications to the standard model.
1600 h
JACQUES A. BEAULIEU, president BCI Company, Ste-Foy
The Physicist and the Industrial
World
To go from a scientific discovery to a commercial product can be a long and frustrating process. The story of the industrial
success of the development of the TEA Laser can be used to teach us about the main features of such a development. In this
case, the development policies of the Defense Department, coupled to the effective development and marketing of one of the
licensees, have been key factors in the success of this adventure. This experience and that with other, less successful, industrial
development efforts in different fields of activity, indicate that industrial success is correlated with the industry's structure. While
if is difficult to determine the degree of success of a commercial development, it is possible to describe (he development
strategies and the industrial structure that will almost certainly lead to failure. Being aware of these indicators will help the young
physicist to avoid wasted efforts and disillusions in the commercialization of his innovations.
1630 h
CAP ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING
CAP
1900 h
RECEPTION/BANQUET
CAP
--Pink Pearl Restaurant
W E D N E S D A Y , J U N E 16
Physics Education - Plenary
Session [IA]
Chair: A.C. McMillan, CAP Vice-President
Room C 9 0 0 1
0830 h
IA1
LILLIAN C. MCDERMOTT, Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
How we teach and how students
learn'
Results from systematic investigations reveal that the difference between what we teach and what is learned is often greater
than most instructors realize. Is there a corresponding mismatch between how we teach and how students learn? Specific
examples are used to support the argument that the way in which physics is traditionally taught is not well-matched to the
needs and abilities of most students, especially at the introductory level. The examples also provide a context for a discussion
of how research in physics education can serve as a guide for the development of curriculum that is better matched to the
students for whom it is intended.
• This work supported in part by NSF grant RED 8950322.
mai 1993
63
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 16
Joint Particle Physics - Theory Session
Session [JA]
Chair: R. Woloshyn, TRIUMF
Room B9200
0930 h
JA1
BRUCE A. CAMPBELL, Department of Physics, University of Alberta
Particle Physics and the
Universe
Recent developments in particle physics provide an understanding of the fundamental interactions at energies up to the
electroweak scale, as s h o w n by recent experiments at LEP. The earliest stages of the cosmological big-bang were characterized
by much higher temperatures, and energies, where particle theories are as yet largely untested. So the early universe offers the
possibility t o test particle theories in a n e w energy regime. Conversely, a successful description of the early stages of the universe
will depend on developments in fundamental particle physics. We review this connection, and discuss recent ideas concerning
the cosmological origin of the baryons (protons) of which our world is made.
New Insights into Baryon Electromagnetic Structure
1015 h
j
A
2
from Lattice Q C D ' DEREK B. L E I N W E B E R , U. Maryland at
College Park, T E R R E N C E D R A P E R , U. Kentucky and R.M.
W O L O S H Y N , T R I U M F - One of the great promises of the lattice
gauge approach to QCD is to reveal the quark substructure and dynamics of hadrons. In this seminar, I will review the new insights
into baryon electromagnetic structure revealed in lattice QCD calculations of SU(3)-flavor baryon octet, decuplet, and transition
form factors. Calculations of quark charge distribution radii have
described the manner in which the quarks are distributed within
baryons and how these distributions change from one baryon to the
next. T h e magnetic properties of quarks within baryons have also
been examined. A strong sensitivity to the environment in which a
quark resides is seen in the quark contributions to the octet baryon
magnetic moments. Evidence suggests dynamical quark mass effects, nonperturbative gluon interactions and relativistic dynamics
are t h e mechanisms underlying this phenomena. This new information will be indispensable in both the development and testing
of model hypotheses for low-energy hadron physics.
1030 h
JA3
Q u a r k m o d e l c a l c u l a t i o n of rj -» l+l
and the
u n i t a r y l i m i t . * HOWARD D. T R O T T I E R (Simon Fraser U.),
J O H N NG (TRIUMF),
B E R N A R D MARGOLIS (McGill
V.),
a n d M A R T I N P H I P P S ( M c G i l l U.) — Improved experimental
measurements of rare leptonic decays of the rj meson have recently been m a d e at Saclay, Fermilab, and Brookhaven. T h e
experimental value for Bp = T(r] —»
T(>/ —» 7 7 ) demonstrates t h a t , in t h e case of the decay to muons, the dispersive
p a r t of t h e amplitude is negligible compared to the absorptive
p a r t (the u n i t a r y limit). We analyze the electromagnetic amplit u d e for 7? —• l+l~ in a wide class of quark models (ranging from
extremely non-relativistic potential models to im ultrarelativistic model inspired by the M I T bag model). Remarkably, B p is
found to be insensitive to the choice of quark model wavefunction to within a few percent. These results show t h a t the quark
model leads in a n a t u r a l way to a value for Bp( 17 —»
close
to the u n i t a r y limit. However, we find substantial deviations
from the unitary bound in other kinematical regions, such as
77,7T"
*To be presented by Howard D. Trottier
•Supported by t h e U.S. DOE and NSERC.
1045 h
Coffee Break
1100 h
JA4
GILLES COUTURE* Département de physique. Université du Québec à Montréal
Electric Dipole Moments of Heavy
Fermions
Electric dipole moments (EDM) offer a window on the poorly understood
phenomenon
of CP-violation. In this talk, I will first review some general properties of
EDMs.
Then, I will concentrate on the tau-lepton and the top quark. These fermions have the
advantages of being heavy and fundamental. I will describe different methods that can
be used to set or improve the existing bounds on the EDM of these fermions at current
and future colliders or factories. It is also important to know how these bounds can
put constraints on different models of CP-violation ; this will be the last topic.
* Address until June 1, 1993: Physics Department, Concordia University
64
Physics in Canada
May 1993
[JA] Joint Particle Physics - Theory Session
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 16
R O O M AQ4120
1200 h
A n o m a l o u s Discrete Symmetry and S p o n t a n e o u s
JA6
C P V i o l a t i o n . Z H E N G H U A N G (Simon Fraser U.) — I
e x a m i n e a n i n t e r e s t i n g s c e n a r i o to s o l v e t h e c o s m o l o g i c a l
d o m a i n w a l l p r o b l e m in the context of particle p h y s i c s . T h e
e f f e c t i v e p o t e n t i a l is calculated in the p r e s e n c e of t h e Q C D
axial a n o m a l y . It is s h o w n t h a t s o m e d i s c r e t e s y m m e t r i e s
s u c h as C P a n d Z2 can b e a n o m a l o u s d u e to a so-called Kt e r m i n d u c e d b y i n s t a n t o n s . W e p o i n t o u t t h a t Z2 d o m a i n w a l l p r o b l e m in t h e t w o - d o u b l e t s t a n d a r d m o d e l c a n b e
r e s o l v e d b y t w o t y p e s of s o l u t i o n s : t h e C P - c o n s e r v i n g o n e
a n d t h e C P - b r e a k i n g one. In the first case, there exist t w o Z2r e l a t e d local m i n i m a w h o s e e n e r g y splitting is p r o v i d e d b y
t h e i n s t a n t o n effect. In t h e s e c o n d case, t h e r e is o n l y o n e
u n i q u e v a c u u m so that the Z 2 - d o m a i n w a l l s d o n o t f o r m at
all. T h e c o n s e q u e n c e of this n e w s o u r c e of C P v i o l a t i o n a r e
d i s c u s s e d a n d s h o w n to b e w e l l w i t h i n t h e e x p e r i m e n t
limits in w e a k interactions.
Current Quark Masses and Properties of
the Pion
T. Steele, J. Breckenridge, Dept. of Physics and
Saskatchewan
Accelerator
Lab.
University
of
Saskatchewan.
V. Elias, Dept. of Applied Mathematics. University of
Western Ontario
1145 h
JA5
Current quark mass corrections to the QCD sum-rule for
the axial vector correlation function will be used to
investigate properties of the pion. Constraints between the
(up and down) current quark masses, and the pion mass
and decay constant will be presented.
This allows an
optimum estimate of the current quark mass, and the
approach to the chiral limit can be investigated.
Superconductivity
Session
[JB]
Chair: J. Carbotte, McMaster University
Room C 9 0 0 1
0930 h
JB1
T H O M A S TIMUSK, Department of Physics, McMaster University
High Temperature
Superconductors:
Is there a gap? *
In t h e classical BCS superconductors the energy gap is the essential property of the condensed state and experiments such as infrared
absorption, tunnelling and Raman spectroscopy give consistent values for the gap ranging from 3.5 kTc for the weak coupling materials to
4.9 kTc for some Bb-Bi alloys. In the high Tc materials results have been contradictory even when the same technique, such as tunnelling,
has been applied to the same material by various groups. I will survey recent work from various labs with emphasis on c-axis infrared
measurements on YBa2Cuj07_5. A dim light is beginning to illuminate this confusing field and most recent results are consistent with
an anisotropic gap. There is some evidence for very low lying minimum gap of the order of 1.5 kTc in some fully doped materials.
In
underdoped materials a spin gap exists which can be seen in the normal state up to room temperature further complicating the situation.
* Work supported in part by the National Research Council of Canada and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research.
1000 h
JB2
CLAUDE BOURBONNAIS, Département de physique, Université de Sherbrooke
Physical properties and concepts of organic conductors
and
superconductors
We review few general concepts used in the field of organic conductors and superconductors. We show that for many series of compounds,
extreme spatial anisotropy is responsible for many unconventional features in the electronic and lattice properties as well as for the
remarkable richness of phase transitions found in these materials.
1030 h
Coffee Break
1045 h
JB3
D.A. BONN, University of British Columbia
Microwave
Surface Impedance
as a Probe of Unconventional
Superconductivity
in YBa2Cu3Oe ,s
R e c e n t l y , a s e t of t e c h n i q u e s b a s e d on cavity p e r t u r b a t i o n of s u p e r c o n d u c t i n g split-ring a n d cylindrical r e s o n a t o r s h a s b e e n
d e v e l o p e d t h a t is s u f f i c i e n t l y s e n s i t i v e to m e a s u r e t h e p e n e t r a t i o n d e p t h and m i c r o w a v e loss in small s u p e r c o n d u c t i n g c r y s t a l s .
M e a s u r e m e n t s of high quality Y B a 2 C u 3 0 6 9 5 c r y s t a l s g r o w n a t UBC h a v e delivered surprising r e s u l t s . Below 3 0 K both t h e
m i c r o w a v e loss a n d penetration depth have a linear t e m p e r a t u r e d e p e n d e n c e rather t h a n t h e e x p o n e n t i a l a c t i v a t e d t e m p e r a t u r e
d e p e n d e n c e o b s e r v e d in s u p e r c o n d u c t o r s t h a t h a v e a c o n v e n t i o n a l s - w a v e BCS g a p . T h e s e results d e m o n s t r a t e t h e e x i s t e n c e
of low-lying s t a t e s a n d a r e s u g g e s t i v e of a g a p f u n c t i o n t h a t h a s n o d e s at t h e fermi e n e r g y . B e t w e e n 3 0 K a n d Tc t h e s u r f a c e
r e s i s t a n c e exhibits an u n u s u a l n o n - m o n o t o n i c t e m p e r a t u r e d e p e n d e n c e t h a t c a n be a t t r i b u t e d t o a rapid d e c r e a s e in t h e
q u a s i p a r t i c l e s c a t t e r i n g r a t e b e l o w Tc. Both of t h e s e e f f e c t s a r e potentially s e n s i t i v e t o d e f e c t s w h i c h might explain t h e rather
d i f f e r e n t t e m p e r a t u r e d e p e n d e n c e s o b s e r v e d in thin films. C u r r e n t s t u d i e s of c r y s t a l s with Zn impurities will be p r e s e n t e d t h a t
explicitly d e m o n s t r a t e this sensitivity to d e f e c t s .
mai 1993
65
[JB]
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 16
Superconductivity
R O O M AQ4130
Electronic Raman Scattering of Superconducting YBa2Cu2QA
1115 h
JB4
fx=7.0. 6.99. 6.931 Single Crystals. X.K. Chen, E. Altendorf and
1 130 h
JR5
J.C. Irwin, Simon Fraser University. R. Liang and W.N. Hardy,
University of British Columbia. — The electronic Raman scattering
continua of YBa2Cu2Ox single crystals have been investigated in both
A l g and B l g (tetragonal) geometries in the temperature range from 20 K
to 100 K for x=7.0, 6.99 and 6.93. It was observed that the broad
maximum of the B l g electronic continuum shifted to higher energy by
about 80 cm-' as the oxygen content of the crystal was reduced from
x=7.0 to x=6.93, which demonstrates that a small change in oxygen
concentration results in a significant redistribution of the electronic
states.
This observed redistribution of the B l g continuum with
decreasing x is qualitatively and quantitatively consistent with results
obtained from phonon renormalization experiments
•Supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada.
1
E. Altendorf, J.C. Irwin, R. Liang and W.N. Hardy, Phys. Rev. M 2 ,
Studies of Transport Critical Currents and Intenirain Flux Pinning
in High T £ Ceramic Superconductors using Persistent-Mode-Rings.
J. JUNG, 1. ISAAC AND M. A-K. MOHAMED* Department of
Physics. University of Alherta. "University of Lethbridfe - We developed
a novel technique to measure transport critical current I c as a function of
temperature, magnetic field and time. The method uses a self-sustaining
supercurrent and a contact-less detection of the critical current magnitude
and dissipation. This has been realized by employing a superconducting
ring and a scanning cryogenic Hall probe. The results of the
measurements of Ic on temperature close to the intergrdn T c j confirmed
the presence of the SIS tunnel intergrain junctions in Y 3 C 0 and the SNS
proximity intergrain junctions in YBCO/Ag. For SIS junctions the Ic(D «
(1 - T/T c j) dependence is not affected by the magnetic field, however, for
SNS junctions the IC(T) « (1 - T/T c j) 2 is not preserved suggesting the
strong effect of magnetic flux creep on Ic- The intergrain T c j is about 5 K
lower than the intragrain T c and about 4 K lower than "zero resistance T c "
measured using an I-V four-probe technique. Dissipation of the critical
currcnt I c measured in YBCO/Ag revealed that the tninsport current is
controlled by an intergrain flux creep with the activation energy
proportional to the initial value ofI c . We observed changes in the critical
currcnt related to the intergrain flux trapping. The results show that the
intergrain critical current density Jc in YBCO/Ag has lower value than that
in YBCO, and the observed higher total critical current I; is due to a larger
surface area of grain boundary conduction in this composite.
7551 (1992).
1145 h
JB6
O p t i c a l c o n d u c t i v i t y of Y B a 2 C u 3 O a + x a l o n g t h e
c - a x i s f o r 1 = 0 . 7 0 , 0.80, 0.90 a n d 0.95,' C.C. H O M E S ' and
T. TIMUSK, McMaster University, R. LIANG, D.A BONN and
W.N. HARDY, University of British Columbia; — The reflectance
of high-quality, unpolished single crystals of Y B a 2 C u 3 0 6 + I has been
measured along the c-axis from a 40 c m - 1 to 5000 c m " 1 at 295 K,
100 K, 50 K and 10 K for different oxygen contents. The optical
conductivity has been calculated from a Kramers-Kronig analysis.
In the highly-doped z=0.95 material, below Te there are low-lying
states to zero frequency, suggesting either a very anisotropic or
d-wave gap, or very strong pairbreaking. For lower oxygen dopings the material loses its Drude-like character in the normal state;
the x=0.70 material developes a psuedogap well above Tc, which
persists below the superconducting transition. The origins of the
pseudogap, and its implications upon superconductivity will be discussed.
" Supported by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research.
' Present address: Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University,
Burnaby, B.C., Canada V5A 1S6
Lasers
Session [JC]
Chair: R.A. Lessard, Université Laval
Room A Q 4 1 2 0
0930 h
A. DAVID MAY, Department of Physics University of Toronto
JC1
Polarization Instabilities in Lasers
Lasers that may operate on both polarization modes are, by nature, almost optically isotropic. Such quasi-isotropic lasers exhibit a wide
range of behaviour, displaying bi—stability, hysteresis, catastrophes and a range of instabilities. These lasers are also very susceptible to
feedback, a process that allows us to command the polarization mode with a device external to the cavity. The theory we have
successfully developed 1 to explain such behaviour is a vectorial extension of the Lamb's theory. The talk will be an overview of the
theory and a summary of experiments we have carried out with a 3.39/im H e - N e laser to confirm the calculations. A connection with
the instabilities generally found in nonlinear dynamical systems and an extension of the work to solid state and semiconductor lasers will
be discussed.
1
P. Paddon, E. Sjerve, A. D. May, M. Bourouis and G. M. Stéphan, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 9, 574 (1992).
Work supported by NSERC and the Ontario Laser and Lightwave Research Centre.
66
Physics in Canada
May 1993
IJC] Lasers
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 16
ROOM
AQ4120
1015 h
JC2
A High E f f i c i e n c y D i o d e - P u m p e d N d : Y V Q j Slab Laser.
J-E. B e r n a r d and A.J. A l c o c k , Institute f o r M i c r o s i r u c t u r a l
Sciences. National Research Council. Ottawa. Ontario - Optical to
optical c o n v e r s i o n e f f i c i e n c i e s of up to 3 2 % with a slope
e f f i c i e n c y of 4 4 % were obtained with a novel diode-bar, sidep u m p e d laser cavity design. A slab g e o m e t r y with a single
reflection at an angle of incidence of greater than 85' was used to
extract gain f r o m near the flat p u m p face of a N d : Y V 0 4 bar which
absorbed strongly at the p u m p wavelength. The single reflection
and aperturing by the laser bar ends limited the e f f e c t s of the
nonuniform gain on the laser mode which was almost T E M 0 0 . A
small signal gain in excess of 8 c n r ' was obtained thus making
this novel p u m p i n g scheme ideally suited to applications which
require high small-signal amplification or to lossy laser cavity
designs which have high thresholds.
D N P I n v i t e d T a l k s II
Session
[JD]
Chair: S.K. Mark, McGill University
Room B 9 2 0 1
0930 h
JD1
GORDON BALL, AECL Research, Chalk River
Dielectronic
Recombination
for
He-like
Ions
Channeled
in Thin Crystals
of
Si, Au and
Ni
The quasi-free electrons in a crystal channel have been used as a target to study the KLL
dielectronic recombination (DR) resonance for He-like 7 9 Br ions channeled along the <110> axis of
thin ( - 1 nm) Si, Au and Ni crystals.
We obtained 7 9 B r 3 3 * beams of energies between 12 and
17.5 HeV/u by stripping/degrading an 18 MeV/u " B r 2 2 * beam from the TASCC facility. The energy and
charge-state distributions for emerging 7 9 B r ions were measured with three resistive-wire counters
positioned on the focal plane of a Q3D magnetic spectrometer.
Enhancements in the yield of wellchanneled 7 9 Br 3 2 * ions were observed at centre-of-mass energies corresponding to those required for
simultaneous capture of an electron into the L-shell and excitation of a bound K electron to the L
shell (i.e. an inverse Auger Process).
Both the width and the strength of the DR resonance were
found to agree with those predicted for a Fermi gas with a density corresponding to the average
electron density in the <110> channel of the crystals used. Comparison of these results with those
obtained previously for Ti and Ke ions will also be presented.
1030 h
JD2
GUY SAVARD, AECL
The Penning
r e s e a r c h , Chalk River L a b o r a t o r i e s
trap as a i I l.vs spectrometer
for unstable
isotopes
T h e masses of u n s t a l le isotopes far f r o m stability are key p a r a m e t e r s in o u r u n d e r s t a n d i n g of
nuclear physics a n d o u r ability to explain i m p o r t a n t p h e n o m e n a such as th<' u s t r o p h y s i c a l r-process.
R e c e n t m e a s u r e m e n t s » ,h t h e I S O L T R A P 1 s p e c t r o m e t e r a t I S O L D E h a v e d e m o n s t r a t e d t h a t t h e
P e n n i n g t r a p with its ' irinsic high a c c u r a c y is fast b e c o m i n g t h e i n s t r u m e n t of choice for mass
m e a s u r e m e n t s on u n s t a b l e isotopes.
T h e I S O L T R A P e x p e r i m e n t a l t e c h n i q u e a n d s e t u p will be
described a n d s o m e results illustrating t h e power of t h e m e t h o d will be J i s c u s s e d .
T h e present
l i m i t a t i o n s of t h i s system will also be m e n t i o n e d . Finally, a new proposal c u r r e n t l y being developed
by a C h a l k - R i v e r - M a n i t >ba-McGill collaboration for a P e n n i n g t r a p s p e c t r o m e t e r to be installed at
t h e T A S C C facility will b<" p r e s e n t e d .
1
1 1 15 h
H. S t o l z e n b e r g et al, i'hys. R e v . Lett. 6 5 , 3101 (1990).
L O T H A R B U C H M A N N , T R I U M F , Vancouver, B.C.
The P-delayed
a-Spectrum
of16N
and the
ri
C[a,»ffM0
Cross Section
at Low
Energies'
T h e 1 2 C ( a , 7 ) 1 6 0 r e a c t i o n is of considerable i m p o r t a n c e d u r i n g helium b u r n i n g in s t a r s . T h i s reaction, along with t h e triple a reaction
p r o d u c i n g 1 2 C , plays a crucial role in t h e s u b s e q u e n t evolution of massive s t a r s , because t h e r a t i o of t h e two reaction r a t e s leads t o t h e
final relative a b u n d a n c e s of "C a n d 1 6 0 a f t e r helium b u r n i n g . T h i s r a t i o , in t u r n , t h e n d e t e r m i n e s t h e elemental a b u n d a n c e s in t h e e j e c t a
of massive e x p l o d i n g s t a r s as well as t h e size of t h e iron core in their u l t i m a t e collapse. Since direct m e a s u r e m e n t s of t h e 1 2 C ( a , 7 ) 1 6 0
reaction e x t e n d down t o only Eon ~ 1.0 MeV, t h e e x t r a p o l a t i o n t o t h e effective stellar energy of E c m ~ 0 . 3 M e V is u n c e r t a i n . T h e /J decay
of l e N , however, p o p u l a t e s t h i s region of excitation in 1 6 0 relatively strongly a n d allows t h e d e t e r m i n a t i o n of crucial nuclear p a r a m e t e r s .
W e have m e a s u r e d t h e a - s p e c t r u m f r o m t h e decay of 1 6 N by using a 1 6 N b e a m f r o m t h e T R I U M F isotope s e p a r a t o r T I S O L 1 . Details of t h e
m e a s u r e m e n t a n d t h e e x t r a c t i o n of t h e 1 2 C ( a , 7 ) 1 6 0 cross section will b e discussed in t h e t a l k .
"Supported by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the National Science Foundation.
'L. Buchmann, R. E. Aiuma, C. A. Barnes, J M. D'Auria, M. Dombsky, U. Giesen, K. P. Jackson, J. D. King, R. G. Korteling, P. McNeely, J Powell, G. Roy,
J. Vincent, T. R. Wang, S. S. M Wong, and P. R. Wrean, Phys. Rev. Let. 70,6 (1993) 726
mai 1 9 9 3
67
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 16
Roy Morrison Surface Science Session
Chair:
R.F. Frindt, S i m o n Fraser
Room
AQ4140
0930
h
Session [JE]
University
S. ROY MORRISON, Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University
JE1
The Influence of Adsorbed Oxygen on Surface Properties
Oxygen adsorbs in many forms.
(superoxide
ions).
As molecular oxygen it can be physisorbed 0> or ionosorbed O2"
As dissociated oxygen it can be ionosorbed 0", atomic oxygen with a local bond
to a surface atom, or, with relocation, an incipient metal oxide.
effective
surface
states
when
adsorbed
and desorption
on
metals,
semiconductors
Thi! various forms and their
and
insulators,
will
be
described.
Adsorption
of oxygen will be discussed, including photoeffects and
spillover.
The effect of adsorbed oxygen on properties such as conductivity, work function and
chemical activity will be reviewed.
1000 h
Rov
jE2
physics.
Morrison
Konrad Colbow - Simon Fraser
Starting
in 1 9 8 3 , f l u o r i n e d o p e d t i n o x i d e
commercial
CVD
- Inspiration
"hard-coated
windows,
but
sensitive
combustible gas sensors.
semiconductor
University.
one
1015
h
X-Rav Powder Diffraction of Two Dimensional
Materials. D. YANG, and R.F. FRINDT, Simon Fraser
Univ. - Using a linear approximation for the
interference function, an analytic solution for the
normalized X-ray diffraction intensity of a simple
two-dimensional lattice is obtained. Tile solution
shows that a "Bragg peak" for two-dimensional
materials has a strongly asymmetric shape, consisting
of a spike, which is size dependent, and a long tail
to the high-angle side, which is size independent. For
a two-dimensional structure consisting of more than
one monolayer of atoms, the shape of a Bragg peak is
modulated by the structure factor. This structure
factor modulation provides a continuous plot of the
structure factor over the range of the diffraction
tail and thus provides valuable information about the
structure of the material. Single molecular layer M0S2
in suspension, prepared by exfoliating, lithiumintercalated M0S2/ provides a excellent randomly oriented two-dimensional system for demonstrating the
unique features of powder X-ray diffrt.ction patterns
of two-dimensional materials and structure
identification using the Bragg peak profile.
h
Quantitative Local Force Measurements using the AtomicForce M i c r o s c o p e
J E F F R E Y L. H U T T E R A N D J O H N
B E C H H O E F E R , Simon Fraser U n i v e r s i t y - T h e a t o m i c - f o r c e
m i c r o s c o p e ( A F M ) is an instrument that p r o b e s the interaction
between a sample and a sharp tip mounted on a weak c a n t i l e v e r '
spring. Although impressive images can be obtained by m a p p i n g
the contact forces, long-ranged forces are also important in atomicf o r c e microscopy. By measuring the response of the c a n t i l e v e r
spring to the tip-sample interaction, w e can m e a s u r e f o r c e - v i . distance curves at lateral scales of u n d e r 100 Â. T h e ability to
accurately m a p surface forces with such high lateral resolution has
the potential of providing important information on the nature of
surface forces. W e report on measurements that show the effect of
the intervening m e d i u m on the van der W a a l s ( v d W ) interaction
between t w o bodies. With a proper choice of liquid m e d i u m , we
can observe repulsive v d W forces, in accord with the Lifshitz theory
of v d W forces. A net repulsive interaction is crucial for improving
the imaging resolution of the A F M .
JE3
produced
low-E" windows.
p r o d u c e d f i l m is p o l y c r y s t a l l i n e ,
cloudy
M0S2
to a p p l i e d
If
the
obtains
nondiscriminating
Our new
"house-of-cards"
m a t e r i a l is p a r t i a l t o h y d r o g e n , b o t h a s
sensor
a n d s t o r a g e m a t e r i a l a n d a n d in t h e p r e s e n c e of t h e
right
catalysts
shows
considerable
promise
space, the environment a n d the energy
for
industry.
Possibly, w e also m a y h a v e a better w a y to m a k e
ethylene
1030
JE4
using
surface
catalysis.
h
Anodic Growth of Platinum Oxide Films.
DAVID A HARRINGTON, Chemistry Dept., University of
Victoria - The results from cyclic voltammetry,
potential step and ac voltammetry experiments are
consistent with a rate law of the form k exp (a.FE/RT)
exp(-bcr), except in the very early stages. A complex
three-dimensional surface reconstruction also occurs,
as shown by other workers using LEED and STM.A new
model is proposed to explain these results. In it, the
rate determining step is oxidative removal of Pt from
a metal lattice site to form a PtO unit. This then
surface diffuses to the edge of a growing oxide
island. The reversible component of the reaction is
shown to be due to reductive recapture of the
diffusing species by the originating site (or another
nearby
active
site).
Monte
Carlo
calculations
reproduce
the results
for all
three
types of
electrochemical experiments, and also explain the
structure of the surface reconstruction.
68
Physics in Canada
May 1993
1045
JE5
[JEl
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 16
Roy Morrison Surface Science Session
ROOM A Q 4 1 2 0
1100 h
JE6
Structure of Siloxene from Powder X-ray
Diffraction and Evidence for a Layered Si^H^ Phase.
1115 h
JE7
J.R. DAHN, B.M. WAY and E. FULLER, Simon Fraser
Siloxene ( S i 6 H 6 0 3 )
Uni v. and" J. S. TSE, N.R.C.
a layered material prepared by reaction of HC1 with
Recent attempts to understand the
layered CaSi
visible luminscence of siloxene have relied on
electronic structure calculations for the three
proposed siloxene structures in the literature.
These structures are basically inferred from IR
measurements and chemical intuitition.
We have
used powder X-ray diffraction to determine the
structure of siloxene and to show that only one of
the three structures is ever formed.
The actual
siloxene structure is the one for which the current
theory
for
the
luminscence
fails.
Under
appropriate conditions, siloxene can be prepared
with little incorpoarted oxygen, apparently as
layered Si^H^, which is pyrophorric on contact with
The use of Electron Contrast Effects in a
Scanning Electron Microscope CSEM> to Characterise Thin
Films.* X.MENG-BURANY and A.E. CURZON. - Phys. Dept..
Simon Fraser University - Contrast effects can be used
to study important properties of thin films. The
contrast, k, of a conventional SEM image from a thin
film of a binary alloy depends on its thickness, t, its
composition, c and its angle of inclination 9 to the
incident electron beam. The dependence of k on the
energy of the incoming electrons can be used to measure
both t and c when a correction (valid for 0 < 40°) is
applied for 6. Examples of the method will be
presented. The determination of t is not restricted to
binary alloys because an average atomic weight may be
assigned to a multicomponent film. Electron channeling
patterns (ECP) are contrast modulations produced by
single crystals when the SEM is operated in a conical
scanning mode. They depend on crystal structure and
orientation and, like reflection electron diffraction
(RHEED), may be used to obtain crystal information such
as the perfection of epitaxial growth. Examples and
problems connected with the use of ECP will be given.
air.
•Supported by NSERC.
1 130h
Structure Determination of Metastable Cu Layers in
j£g
Fe/C'u/Fe Trilayers by Glancing Incidence X-ray Absorption Fine
S l m i U J Ï Y R , BONIN, E D. CROZIER, B HEINRICH and M.
MCMANUS, Physics Department, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby,
B.C. - In F e / C u / F e trilayers epitaxially grown on Ag(OOl) the exchange
coupling depends on the thickness of the Cu interlayer, changing from
ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic for greater than 8 monolayers (ML)
of Cu. The antiferromagnetic coupling reaches a maximum at « 11
ML, goes to zero at « 16 ML and reaches another weaker maximum
at « 21 ML before decreasing with further increase in thickness O .
Reflected high energy electron diffraction ( R H E E D ) and low energy
electron diffraction (LEED) studies have indicated that the Cu instead
of having its normal fee structure assumes a bec phase for less than 11
ML. At 11 ML the Cu overlayers start to reconstruct. In this paper we
have used glancing-incidence X-ray absorption fine structure to clarify
the local structure of the Cu layers.
1 145
JE9
h
A n a l y s i s of Bilinear and Biquadratic E x c h a n g e C o u p l i n g in
Fe/Cu. A g / F e ( 0 0 1 ) Trilayers. Z. C E L I N S K J , B. H E I N R I C H , J. F.
C O C H R A N , Dept. of Physics. Simon Fraser University. B u m a b v .
BC. Canada. - FMR and S M O K E studies of the exchange coupling in
bcc F e / C u / F e ( 0 0 1 ) and F e / A g / F e ( 0 0 1 ) structures are presented. The
interfaces in these structures can be improved significantly by growing
the first Fe(001) layer at raised substrate temperatures. The exchange
couplings in bcc Fe/Cu/Fe and Fe/Ag/Fe/ trilayers were studied as a
function of the interlayer thickness and temperature. The improved
i n t e r f a c e s in both s y s t e m s revealed n e w f e a t u r e s in the e x c h a n g e
c o u p l i n g which w e r e a b s e n t in s a m p l e s g r o w n entirely at r o o m
temperature. T h e m a g n e t i z a t i o n loops for F e / C u / F e and F e / A g / F e
trilayers can be explained well only by including the simultaneous
presence of bilinear and biquadratic exchange coupling. The measured
values of the bilinear and biquadratic exchange coupling were compared
to the recently proposed Slonczewski's model. It is shown that the
e x c h a n g e coupling through both bcc C u ( 0 0 1 ) and Ag(001) exhibits
short w a v e l e n g t h oscillations and the strength of the biquadratic
exchange coupling increases with an increasing terrace width.
1. B. Heinrich, Z. Celinski, J.F. Cochran, W.B. Muir, J. Rudd, Q.M.
Zhong, A S. Arrott and K. Myrtle, Phys. Rev. Lett. M , 673 (1991).
Physics Teaching - N e w
Session [JF]
Methods
Chair: B. Robertson, University of Regina
Room B9200
0930 h
JF1
E d w a r d F. R e d i s h , D e p a r t m e n t of P h y s i c s , University of W a s h i n g t o n , S e a t t l e , W A
a n d D e p a r t m e n t of P h y s i c s , University of M a r y l a n d , C o l l e g e P a r k , MD
Is a computer of any use in teaching physics?
T h e c o m p u t e r is a p o w e r f u l a n d c o n v e n i e n t d e v i c e f o r p r o c e s s i n g a n d p r e s e n t i n g i n f o r m a t i o n . P h y s i c s p r o f e s s i o n a l s u s e it
e x t e n s i v e l y . W e e x p e c t it t o b e of c o n s i d e r a b l e v a l u e f o r t e a c h i n g p h y s i c s . B u t t h e r e is m o u n t i n g e v i d e n c e that, at t h e
i n t r o d u c t o r y level, t r a d i t i o n a l m e t h o d s d o n o t h e l p t h e m a j o r i t y of o u r s t u d e n t s a c h i e v e t h e m o s t b a s i c a n d e l e m e n t a r y g o a l s w e
h a v e f o r t h e m . T h e r e is a c l e a r a n d p r e s e n t d a n g e r in u s i n g t h e c o m p u t e r in p h y s i c s e d u c a t i o n . C o m p u t e r s o f f e r p r o f e s s i o n a l
p h y s i c i s t s n e w w a y s o f a p p r o a c h i n g t o p i c s t h e y m a y h a v e c o n s i d e r e d stale a n d u n i n t e r e s t i n g . It is t h e n t e m p t i n g to p r e s e n t
t h e s e n e w i n s i g h t s to s t u d e n t s . B u t p r e s e n t a t i o n s t h a t e n t h r a l l t h e e x p e r t m a y b e w i l d e r t h e n o v i c e . In d e s i g n i n g c o m p u t e r
p r o g r a m s a n d e n v i r o n m e n t s f o r s t u d e n t s , o n e n e e d s t o p a y a t t e n t i o n to w h e r e s t u d e n t s a r e a n d w h a t w e e x p e c t t h e m to l e a r n . A
n u m b e r of a p p l i c a t i o n s that u s e t h e c o m p u t e r e f f e c t i v e l y to p r o d u c e n e w l e a r n i n g a n d n e w skill d e v e l o p m e n t in s t u d e n t s will b e
discussed and demonstrated.
mai 1 9 9 3
69
[JF]
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 16
Physics Teaching - New Methods
R O O M AQ4130
1030 h
JF2
PAUL CANT, Department of Physics, Engineering and Geology, Mount Allison University
Learn first year Physics from a computer!
T h e e a s e a n d s p e e d with which first y e a r physics c o u r s e w a r e c a n b e g e n e r a t e d by tools s u c h a s HyperCard, h a v e m a d e it
practical to shift t h e entire lecturing function to m a c h i n e s . Detailed e x a m p l e s will b e s h o w n , to indicate t h e n a t u r e of t h e
material p r e s e n t e d to t h e c l a s s e s . Also, t h e correct operation of a c o m p u t e r lab with no s t u d e n t dissatisfaction h a s b e e n
a c h i e v e d . T h e pros a n d c o n s of this m e t h o d of teaching will b e given in detail. A group that w a s lectured to, a n d a g r o u p that
w a s not, attained a v e r a g e s of 7 3 % a n d 6 8 % on a c o m m o n final examination.
1100 h
JF3
DAVID BOAL, Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University
Quarks and Cosmology in Freshman
Physics
The honours-level freshman physics program at Simon Fraser University begins with 11-13 lectures on the "big picture" of the physical world
from quarks to cosmology. Most students I ind this material both more interesting and more conceptually demanding than what they have
experienced in high school physics. The timing of these lectures allows calculus-based mechanics to be deferred until after the students have
completed four weeks of the co-requisite calculus course. The course material, demonstrations and logistics needed to mount the program
will be discussed in the talk. A limited number of copies of the lecture note set which accompanies the course textbook will be available.
1 130 h
jp4
Applications of C o m p u t e r s in Introductory
Laboratory Physics DANIEL J. FURGASON University of
Lethhridge
O v e r the past three years we have made
c o m p u t e r interfaced experiments and spreadsheet based
analysis, the core of our introductory
laboratory
curriculum. For example, most 1 - dimensional mechanics
experiments a r e now tracked by sonar or photoelectric eye.
Data is stored on disk and subsequently imported to a
spreadsheet for analysis. The results of this a p p r o a c h have
been very positive. Details, practicalities, philosophy, and
considerations for the f u t u r e will be presented based on
o u r experience.
1200
JF6
1 145 h
Mathematica. Notebooks and Animation. P.D. LOLY,
jpg
Dept. of Physics. Univ. of Manitoba - Steven Wolfram's
Mathematica, and the comparable Maple V frora Waterloo, bring
powerful solutions in symbolic algebra and graphics to the
spectrum of physics education.
A taste of its capabilities will be given through examples.
In particular, the NoteBook feature, which combines text,
equations, graphics and sound in modules which may be viewed
as sections of a book chapter. Viewed as a components of a
lecture, animations of dynamic events a r e easily included. The
power of short code fragments will appeal to t h e physicist.
In addition, all the plotting capabilities t h a t I have needed
in research are contained in Mathematica (3D, contours, graylevel, etc.) and a large user community is s h a r i n g expertise
through InterNet.
Some Notes on Music Therapy in Physics Teaching
R.M. LEES, U. of New Brunswick - Music therapy is a technique
which has had success in the establishing of communication with
persons who may find difficulty in normal channels of speech. As
some introductory or even upper year physics students on occasion
seem to fall into this category, perhaps music is worth a try. The
challenge then is to incorporate the desired information, philosophy
and perspectives on physics and its teaching into a suitable musical
format. Some attempts will be presented.
Session [JG]
Physics in Industry
Chair: P. Gardner, TRIUMF Business Ventures
Room A Q 4 1 5 0
0930 h
JG1
RAPHAEL AMIT, Faculty of Commerce and Business Administration, University of British Columbia
Commercializing
Technology:
Opportunities
and
Challenges
Knowledge-based companies (KBCs) are firms that are engaged in the developing, manufacturing and marketing of knowledge
intensive products and/or services. They are a vehicle by which technological innovations are brought to the marketplace. The
primary assets of KBCs are intangibles (such as new knowledge, reputation of the scientists, etc.) which, when effectively
commercialized, lead to technological advance. Emerging KBCs do not enjoy the same advantages as larger, production-oriented
firms. They have f e w tangible assets; there are no products; there may not be identifiable markets or customers or an
established management team. KBCs are thus viewed as risky endeavors which are difficult to value. Still, they are a vital
element of our economic g r o w t h because they constitute the link between the marketplace and new knowledge created through
R&D activity. The intangible nature of KBCs' assets presents unique problems which will be identified. Further, issues that
relate to the timing and mode of entry as well as strategic and financial aspects will be addressed.
70
Physics in Canada
May 1993
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 16
[JG] Physics in Industry
ROOM A Q 4 1 5 0
1015 h
JG2
1 100 h
JG3
Abstract
Not Available
for
Publication
ROBERT BROWN, Elemental Research Inc., North Vancouver, B.C.
The Evaluation
of Commercial
Mass Spectrometry
for the Characterization
of Solids
Originally applied to the analysis of gases and low molecular weight volatile organic compounds; Mass Spectrometry has
evolved into an almost universally used analytical technique. The extension to its applicability has been brought about by
innovations in the sample introduction systems, and ionization sources to allow introduction of gases, volatile compounds
and liquids. A means to carry out direct analysis of solids by Spark Source Mass Spectrometry appeared circa 1960.
Subsequently many other methods for direct analysis of solids were introduced commercially, and continue to be
introduced in 1993. The discussion w>ll trace the evolution of the most significant methods, their individual performance
characteristics, and their areas of application. The most recent innovation Laser Ablation ICP Mass Spectrometry which is
used extensively in our facilities will be discussed in some detail.
Session [JH]
Optical Imaging
Chair: A.D. May, University of Toronto
Room AO 4 1 2 0
1045 h
JH1
MARC RIOUX, Institute for Information Technology, National Research Council Canada
Fundamentals
and applications
of 3-D
cameras
This talk will review the development of NRC digital 3D imaging techniques, prototypes and applications. T w o strategies for 3D
imaging will be discussed. One is based on synchronised scanners, the other is based on optical triangulation through a TV
camera lens. The first one has been implemented in a variety of prototypes design, w h i c h have specific characteristics, such as
high resolution, random access, high speed, very compact, or being able to record registered colour reflectance. The second has
been mainly used for automatic vehicle guidance projects. Applications of the technology are in development in the fields of
robotics, automated inspection, medical sciences, ergonomics, visual communications, rapid prototyping and reverse engineering.
Examples in each of these fields will be presented.
1 1 15 h
Dichromaled Polymers for Reflection and Multiplexed Hologram
j|_|2
Recording.
R. Changkakoti, G. Manivannan, F. Trepanier and R . A
Lessard, Centre d'Optique Photonic et Laser ICOPL). Université Laval.
Quebec. Canada. G1K 7P4 - Recently Dicromated Poly (vinyl alcohol)
and Poly (acrylic acid) have been used tor fabrication of high diffraction
efficiency transmission holograms and optical wave guides.' - 2 In the
present paper, experimental results on the use of these holographic
recording materials for the fabrication of reflection and multiplexed
holograms is presented. Characteristics of these holograms have been
studied considering various factors of film fabrication and recording
configurations. Angular and wavelength selectivity characteristics
have
also been described.
An attempt to shift the wavelength of
reconstruction to fabricate narrow wavelength filters has been made.
1. G. Manivannan, R. Changkakoti and R.A. Lessard, Opt. Engg. 32,
XXX (1993).
2. F. Trepanier, G. Manivannan, R. Changkakoti and R.A. Lessard, Can.
J. of Phys. (submitted for publication).
1200 h
1130 h
JH3
Confocal
Scanning
Laser
MACROscope'*.
A.E. DIXON, S. DAMASKINOS, K. BEESLEY and A.
RIBES,
Dept•
of
Physics.
University
of
Waterloo - Because of their ability to perform
optical image slicing, confocal scanning laser
microscopes
have
had
wide
acceptance
in
biomedical and materials science applications.
Scanning beam confocal microscopes form very
high resolution images at frame rates between
1 and 30 frames per second, but the field of
view is limited by the microscope objective to
1 mm or less.
For larger specimens, scanning
stage microscopes are often used, but they
have slow frame rates.
This paper describes a new scanning beam
confocal laser MACROscope that combines the
speed of the scanning beam microscope with the
large specimen capability of the scanning
stage microscope.
The MACROscope has a field
of view of 3 inches, and a resolution of 5
microns. The frame rate is 5 sec. per frame.
Reflected light and photoluminescence images
will be presented, from both confocal and nonconfocal MACROscopes.
* supported by NSERC
+ patent pending.
CAP
AQ4120
Division of Optical Physics
B9201
Division of Nuclear Physics
DOP
DNP
mai 1993
71
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 16
Plenary - organized by Director of Corporate Members
Chair:
Room
Session [KA]
P.S. V i n c e t t , FairCopy Services Inc.
AQ4150
1330 h
DENZIL J. DOYLE, President, Doyletech Corporation
KA1
Attracting
Risk
Capital
to the Commercialization
of Canadian
Technologies
C o n t r a r y t o a w i d e l y h e l d belief, t h e incentives for p e r f o r m i n g r e s e a r c h a n d d e v e l o p m e n t ( R & D ) in C a n a d i a n
industry are s e c o n d t o n o n e in the world. They cover a w i d e spectrum from direct grants to tax incentives w h i c h
c o v e r both o p e r a t i n g a n d capital costs.
H o w e v e r , e n t r e p r e n e u r s are f i n d i n g it i n c r e a s i n g l y difficult to a c c e s s
risk capital for f i n a n c i n g s u c h n o n - R & D activities as m a r k e t i n g a n d p r o d u c t i o n .
T h i s is h a v i n g a s i g n i f i c a n t
impact on the t r a n s f e r of technology f r o m C a n a d a ' s research laboratories, both public a n d private
T h e reasons
behind this financing deficiency will be examined a n d corrective action r e c o m m e n d e d .
T w o B.C. Success Stories
Session [LA]
Chair: P.S. V i n c e t t , FairCopy Services Inc.
Room A Q 4 1 5 0
DAN GELBART, Creo Products Inc.
1430 h
LA1
Optical Tape Data Storage:
From Concept to Product
The CREO Optical Tape Recorder holds the world's record for volumetric storage density (by a wide margin).
It stores a terabyte of data on one 300mm reel of optical tape. While optical data storage is well established,
the use of flexible media poses special problems. This was also the first multi-channel optical storage de/ice
in the world, using 32 tracks in parallel. The use of predictive (feed forward) digital servo techniques enabled
high mechanical performance, for example, distance resolution of under one micron over a tape length of
nearly a kilometer. The difficulties in developing a suitable media will be covered. The media was developed,
and is manufactured, by I.C.I, in the U.K. Operating principle of this and other types of media under
development will be covered.
1515 h
BOWIE G. KEEFER, Highquest Engineering Inc., Vancouver
LA2
Experiences
in Commercializing
Fluid
Separation
Technology
Developments in materials science have enabled the development of modern fluid separation
processes such as reverse osmosis and pressure swing adsorption, respectively based on the
selectivity properties of polymeric membranes or synthetic zeolite crystals.
The energy
efficiency of these processes can be greatly enhanced by mechanical or thermal energy
recovery, in turn leading to interesting market opportunities.
An eventually successful
effort to develop energy recovery systems for municipal scale reverse osmosis desalination
plants led to manually powered sea water desalinators for life rafts. In the gas separation
field, environmental pressures on the energy industry are driving high growth markets, such
as hydrogen recovery from refinery waste streams.
For high efficiency gas separations,
energy recovery is achieved by exploiting analogies between the cyclic pressure swing
adsorption process and the Stirling thermodynamic cycle. This development applies to oxygen
concentration, hydrogen or helium purification, and recapture of environmentally unfriendly
gas or vapour emissions.
DCMP Open Session
Session [LB]
Chair: M . T h e w a l t , S i m o n Fraser U n i v e r s i t y
Room C 9 0 0 1
1430 h
LB1
F. ROSS HALLETT, Department of Physics, University of Guelph
An Investigation
of the Mechanical
Properties of Vesicles using Scattering
Techniques'
Vesicles are small (about 100 nm diameter) spherical particles composed of a bilamellar phospholipid coat surrounding a fluid core.
Because the core is isolated from the bulk medium, vesicles have been used to encapsulate pharmaceuticals, herbicides, and other
agents to improve their stability and efficacy. In recent years we have been studying the light scattering properties of these systems
and have developed both dynamic and integrated light scattering to accurately measure the structural properties. This has proved
to be especially interesting in that, as conditions are varied, vesicles can scatter as hollow spheres or as coated spheres. Recent
measurements, which have provided information on the mechanical and the leakage properties of vesicles, will be discussed.
Work supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada.
72
Physics in Canada
May 1993
[LB] DCMP Open Session
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 16
ROOM AQ4120
1 500 h
S p e c k l e D i f f r a c t i o n of L i g h t by T w i n n e d O r t h o r h o m b i c
LB2
Domains in D v t A s . V , i f ) , . D R. T A Y L O R and K . A . R E Z A ,
Q u e e n ' s U. -Below the tetragonal-orthorhombic phase transition in
pure D y V 0 4 and mixed Dy(As x V, J 0 4 compounds, an alternating
(twinned) domain structure is formed that is sufficiently periodic to
allow Bragg diffraction of light 1 . W e have carried out additional
measurements with a laser source (He Ne) and a non-laser source
(Na lamp), and with a diode array detector, and have demonstrated
that the diffracted beam has speckle features. T h e speckle patterns
change significantly as a function of temperature and ordering field.
Qualitative differences between speckle patterns for pure D y V 0 4 ,
where the interfaces are expected to be relatively smooth, and
D y A s 0 l s V 0 g5 O 4 , where random strains are expected to roughen the
interfaces, are observed. This technique should thus provide a
sensitive probe of both the structure and the dynamics of interfaces
between ordered phases as a function of temperature, field and
random strains.
1515 h
LB3
Broken-Parity Waves at a Driven Fluid-Air
Interface.* JOHNR. de BRUYN and LIHONG PAN, Memorial
University of Newfoundland — We report results of an
experimental study of a parity-breaking transition in
the fluid dynamical system known as the printer's
instability. Below the transition, a pattern of
stationary, symmetric fingers exists at the oil-air
interface. Above the transition, the pattern's reflection symmetry is broken and the pattern drifts with
constant speed along the length of the apparatus. The
degree of asymmetry of the pattern is measured with a
Fourier transform technique. We find the drift speed
to be proportional to the pattern's asymmetry, and also
to the square root of the experimental control parameter. These results are in substantial agreement with
theoretical predictions! We also present measurements
of the stability range of the broken-parity state. The
pattern becomes unstable to an Eckhaus-like instability
for wavenumbers outside of a stable band.
* Research supported by NSERC
1) R.E. Goldstein et al., Phys. Rev. A 43, 6700 (1991).
' K . A . R e z a and D . R . T a y l o r , J . P h y s . : Cond. Matter 3(1991) 7533.
Research supported by N S E R C (Canada).
1530 h
Coffee Break
1 545 h
LB4
Elastic and Elasto-optic Properties of Thin F i l m s of
Polystyrene on SiflOO).*
L. S U N , C . G I G A U L T , J . R ,
D U T C H E R , J . R . S T E V E N S , Dept. of Physics. U . o f G u e l p h . J . L .
O R D , Dept. of Physics. U. of Waterloo. - W e have deposited thin
(several thousand À thick) polystyrene (molecular weight 30,000)
films on Si(100) wafers using spincoating. T h e elastic constants of
the polystyrene films have been determined f r o m least squares fits
to the velocities of thermally-excited, film-guided phonon modes
measured using a tandem, multipassed Fabry-Perot interferometer.
W e have interpreted the light scattering f r o m the
film-guided
phonon modes in terms of surface ripple and elasto-optic scattering'
f r o m both the polystyrene film and the Si(100) substrate.
The
determination of the elasto-optic coefficients of polystyrene from the
measured relative scattering intensities of the film-guided phonon
modes and the application of this technique to other polymers will
be discussed.
1600 h
LB5
Optical Study of Crystal Field Effects in N d X u O , .
S.
J A N D L and P. D U F O U R , Dépt de Physique. U . de Sherbrooke In N d 2 C u 0 4 , transitions involving levels between the Nd 3 *
components of the
ground state and the excited ' l u n and 4 I 15/2
multiplets are observed respectively in Raman scattering and
4
infrared reflectivity. Energies and symmetries of the
I i m and
4
I 1 5 / 2 levels are determined. At low temperatures a coupling o c c u r s
between the crystal-field excitation near 119 cm"1 and the low
energy Eg symmetry phonon hindering thus its observation. Below
150K splitting of the Raman and infrared absorption lines with a
separation of 4 cm' 1 is resolved and remains constant down to 10K.
Such a constancy in the splitting excludes a magnetic origin and
could result f r o m a Davydov splitting of the f orbitals of the two
N d 3 + ions in the unit cell induced by the overlap with the O2" porbitals.
* Supported by N S E R C
V. Bortolani, A . M . Marvin, F. Nizzoli and G . Santoro, I. Phys.
C 16, 1757 (1983).
1
1615 h
Parametricallv Excited Surface W a v e s on Gels
|_Bg
J O H N BECHHOEFER, ED LEVINSON, and JULIEN
P R I E U R , D e p t . of P h y s i c s , S i m o n F r a s e r U n i v e r s i t y Parametrically excited surface w a v e s o n liquids w e r e first
o b s e r v e d b y F a r a d a y m o r e t h a n 150 y e a r s a g o . T h e y h a v e
b e e n s t u d i e d in great detail recently as a m o d e l s y s t e m for
nonlinear dynamics and pattern formation. We have
p e r f o r m e d a similar e x p e r i m e n t o n gels a n d find that
surface w a v e s m a y also b e excited on these elastic bodies.
As a p a t t e r n - f o r m i n g system, gels p r e s e n t certain
a d v a n t a g e s o v e r fluids. In a d d i t i o n , gels a r e i n t e r e s t i n g
f r o m t h e p o i n t of v i e w of e l a s t i c i t y t h e o r y . I n c o n t r a s t t o
o r d i n a r y solids, gels a r e incompressible a n d isotropic, h a v e
a low shear m o d u l u s and strong viscous damping, and m a y
b e s t r a i n e d in a reversible nonlinear w a y . W e r e p o r t data
o n t h e a c c e l e r a t i o n r e q u i r e d f o r t h e o n s e t of p a r a m e t r i c
o s c i l l a t i o n s a s a f u n c t i o n of d r i v i n g f r e q u e n c y a n d c o m p a r e
this w i t h similar d a t a f r o m recent e x p e r i m e n t s d o n e o n
liquids.
1630 h
LB7
S e l f - r e p a i r of m o n o l a y e r s w i t h v a c a n c y
damage,
B. J o o s a n d Z. Z h o u , University of O t t a w a a n d M. S. D u e s b e r y ,
F a i r f a x M a t e r i a l s R e s e a r c h Inc.. A s p o n t a n e o u s self-healing
m e c h a n i s m is d e m o n s t r a t e d by m o l e c u l a r d y n a m i c s s i m u l a t i o n
in slightly c o m p r e s s e d a d s o r b e d L e n n a r d - J o n e s m o n o l a y e r s .
T h e self-healing involves a r a p i d c o n d e n s a t i o n of t h e v a c a n cies i n t o d i s l o c a t i o n dipoles a n d o c c u r s a t t e m p e r a t u r e s a b o v e
t h e self-diffusion t e m p e r a t u r e . A n a s s o c i a t e d collapse of t h e
s h e a r m o d u l u s similar t o t h e K o s t e r l i t z - T h o u l e s s dipole dissoc i a t i o n is o b s e r v e d for h i g h v a c a n c y c o n c e n t r a t i o n s . In c o n t r a s t ,
w h e n e x p a n d e d , t h e m o n o l a y e r s c a v i t a t e by a g g l o m e r a t i o n of
t h e v a c a n c i e s i n t o clusters. M o n o l a y e r s w i t h n e a r e s t - n e i g h b o u r
piecewise linear force i n t e r a c t i o n s always c a v i t a t c b u t a t r a t e s
several o r d e r s of m a g n i t u d e slower.
mai 1 9 9 3
73
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 16
Session [LC]
Particle Physics III
Chair: M. Vetterli, TRIUMF/SFU
Room B9200
MICHAEL OGG, Department of Physics, Carleton University
1430 h
LC1
The CLEO Experiment: Results and Future Plans
The CLEO experiment has been operating at the CESR facility at Cornell since 1979. This year an IPP group from Carleton and
McGill joined the experiment. CLEO has been taking data on or near the Y(4S) resonance and has now accumulated 1.8 fb 1
containing 3.5x10 6 B mesons. This data sample is a unique laboratory for measuring the CKM matrix elements; Vcb and V ub , and
for measuring rare decay modes, such as B->mr, B->KTT and b->sy. Recent results from B decay physics will be presented.
In working towards the goal of building an asymmetric B Factory, the laboratory has embarked on a program to increase the
luminosity to 1033 cm 2 sec ' in symmetric mode. The physics resulting from this upgrade will provide essential understanding for
an eventual B Factory, and could be a window into CP violation measurements. The upgrade program, and in particular changes
to the CLEO detector, will be described.
1 500 h
LC2
A New Long Baseline Oscillation Experiment. R. HELMER, J.
BEVERIDGE, P. GUMPLINGER, J.-M. POUTISSOÙ, D. WRIGHT,
S. YEN, TRIUMF — For the past twenty years, the flux of electron
neutrinos coming from the sun has been measured to be less than expected. More recently, it has been found that the numbers of muon and
electron neutrinos produced in the atmosphere are not in the expected
ratio. If neutrinos have a non-zero mass, it is possible to explain both
these results on the basis that one neutrino species can oscillate into
another. A new experiment has just been approved at the 30 GeV AGS
accelerator at Brookhaven that will search for such oscillations through
the disappearance of neutrinos from an initially prepared muon neutrino beam. The experiment is designed to detect a signal if the mass
differences between two neutrino flavours lie in a range suggested by the
atmospheric neutrino results. The motivations for and techniques to be
used in this experiment will be described.
Electron Spin Polarization a t HER.A
1515 h
and the H E R A Compton Polarimeter
0- HAUSSER, P.P.J.
LC3
DELHEIJ, P.E.W. GREEN, R.S. HENDERSON, P. HITCHING, P.
LEVY, W. LORENZON, M.C. VETTERLI, gjmou Fraser U„ U. Alberta. TRIUMF. AND THE HERA POLARIMETER GROUP. - A
polarimeter based on Compton backscattering of circularly polarized
laser light has been installed and commissioned at HERA to determine the transverse spin polarization of the HER.A electron beam.
Spin polarizations of 26.5 GeV electrons were initially about 8% in
November 1991, and these values have been steadily increased during
1992 to close to 60%. The operation of the polarimeter, machine optimization, data analysis, and results will be described. The electron
spin polarization requirements for the HERMES experiment will also
be discussed.
1530 h
Coffee Break
1545 h
LC4
RANDY SOBIE, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria
Recent Results on Tau Lepton Physics from OPAL
The study of the Z° —> xx decay can be used as a laboratory for studying the electroweak interaction. The measurement of the tau
forward-backward asymmetry and tau polarization give precise determinations of the electroweak coupling constants. Together with
complementary measurements of the electroweak parameters at OPAL and the other LEP experiments, limits on the mass of the top
quark and the Higgs boson can be made. In addition, the tau branching ratios measured in OPAL are compared with the results of
other experiments.
1 61 5 h
LC5
P r e s e n t a n d future constraints on CKM matrix
e l e m e n t s a n d implication for C P violation in t h e B° s y s t e m .
ALAIN BELLERIVE, high e n e r g y physics, McGill University .
- Existing constraints on the Standard Model parameters of the
Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix, which govern the weak
interaction couplings in the quark sector, are reviewed. In
particular, studies of the fundamental couplings to the W-boson
for the transitions of b t o c quarks and the much rarer process of
changing a b into a first generation u quark, will be emphasized.
Assuming unitarity in three generations, these measurements
provide significant constraint on the allowed range for CP
violation in the neutral B system, most easily expressed in terms
of the unitarity triangle. Future prospects for more precise
experimental information from CLEO II, high-luminosity LEP,
asymmetric-energy B Factories and rare kaon experiments at
Brookhaven will be discussed. These projections lead to
estimates of the size of the allowed region of unitarity triangle
which may be expected at the time a B Factory begins operation,
and thereby the degree to which CP violation measurements will
provide a definitive test of the Standard Model predictions.
74
Physics in Canada
May 1993 .
1030 h
l^çg
A Study of the /o(1590) Glueb&ll Candidate with the
Crystal Barrel. A. J. NOBLE", Univ. Zurich, representing the
Crystal Barrel Collaboration — The Crystal Barrel experimental
program at the CERN Low Energy Antiproton Ring (LEAR) is
dedicated to an investigation of pp interactions in the moment u m range from 0 to 2 GeV/c. Of primary interest to the collaboration is the search for exotic new states predicted by QCD.
These include quark-gluon hybrid states (qqg), nonstandard meson states (qqqq), and purely gluonic states (eg gg). Several
candidate states have been proposed in the literature, but so
far none of them has been unambiguously identified. We will
present our analysis of pp —• 3 pseudoscalars, and in particular,
we will focus on an investigation into a proposed glueball state,
the / 0 ( 1590). It is searched for through its decay modes into r/r/
and rjr)'.
• CERN P P E Division, CH-1211 Genève 23, Switzerland.
[LC] Particle Physics III
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 16
R O O M AQ4120
1645 h
pp Annihilation At Rest Into Two Mesons.
B.M.
L C 7 B A R N E T T " , Universitât Mainz, representing the Crystal Barrel Collaboration — T h e Crystal Barrel Spectrometer at LEAR 1
has been used in the determination of branching ratios in pp annihilation at rest into two neutral mesons (ir°7r°, ir°77, w0??', t°ui,
i)1, i/r/'i Vwt w r l' a n d uui). The measured rates can be used in
the investigation of the annihilation mechanism and to determine
the quark content of the pseudoscaler mesons (mixing angle) 2 .
Results of the analyses will be discussed.
• CERN P P E Division, CH-1211 Genève 23, Switzerland.
1
"The Crystal Barrel Spectrometer at LEAR", E. Aker et al.,
Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A321 (1992) 69
2
"The pseudoscalar mixing angle Gp, from r; and r/' production
in pp annihilation at rest", C. Amsler et al., Phys Lett B294
(1992) 451
T o p i c s in C o n d e n s e d M a t t e r T h e o r y
Session
[LD]
Chair: I. Affleck, University of British Columbia
Room A Q 4 1 3 0
1430 h
JOHN WHITEHEAD, Department of Physics, Memorial University of Newfoundland
LD1
Rare Earth Magnetic Ordering in the REBaCuO Oxide
Superconductors"
Shortly after the discovery of the high T c oxide superconductor YBaCuO if was found that the substitution of the Y by the frivalent
rare earth (RE) ions Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er and Yb had little effect on the superconducting transition temperature, despite the fact
several of these ions carry a local magnetic moment 1
Moreover, at sufficiently low temperatures (< 3K) the rare earth ions in
several of the REBaCuO series order antiferromagnetically in both the insulating and superconducting phase The magnetic
properties associated with this transition have been the subject of considerable experimental study and are found to exhibit a
number of intriguing features. The experimental work on the low temperature magnetic properties of the REBaCuO compounds will
be reviewed and recent theoretical work to try and elucidate the nature of the magnetic interaction, the effective spin dimensionality
and the universality class of the magnetic transition will be discussed
1. S. E. Brown, et al., Physical Review B36, 2298-2300 (1987).
Work supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council ot Canada
1500 h
W E I M I N G Q U E , D e p a r t m e n t of P h y s i c s , U n i v e r s i t y of
Toronto
LD2
Buckyball
Solids:
Orientational
Order
and
Librational
Modes*
At r o o m t e m p e r a t u r e , t h e b u c k y b a l l m o l e c u l e s in solid C 6 0 r o t a t e f r e e l y .
u n d e r g o e s a f i r s t o r d e r p h a s e t r a n s i t i o n and b e c o m e s o r i c n t a t i o n a l l y o r d e r e d .
At l o w e r t e m p e r a t u r e s ,
solid C ^ o
At e v e n l o w e r t e m p e r a t u r e s s o l i d
C60 u n d e r g o e s a n o t h e r p h a s e t r a n s i t i o n and o b t a i n s a s t r u c t u r e w h i c h is still not well u n d e r s t o o d .
Although free
r o t a t i o n s a r e not a l l o w e d in t h e low t e m p e r a t u r e p h a s e s ,
small amplitude rotational motion
of C60 is still
present, giving rise to librons.
We will discuss librons in solid CÔ and o t h e r b u c k y b a l l s o l i d s in the
o r i e n t a t i o n a l l y o r d e r e d p h a s e s , and t h e i r r o l e in the s u p e r c o n d u c t i v i t y of d o p e d solid C 6 0 " W o r k s u p p o r t e d by t h e N a t u r a l S c i e n c e s and E n g i n e e r i n g R e s e a r c h C o u n c i l of
Canada.
1530 h
Coffee Break
mai 1993
75
[LD] Topics in Condensed Matter Theory
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 16
ROOM A Q 4 1 3 0
1545 h
LD3
D A N I E L LOSS, D e p a r t m e n t of Physics, Simon Fraser University
Macroscopic Q u a n t u m Tunneling in Magnetic S t r u t u r e s
T h e search for new systems which exhibit q u a n t u m p h e n o m e n a at t h e mesoscopic scale h a s led t o a great deal of activity in recent
years on nanometer-size magnetic particles. In such systems it is possible for t h e electronic spins to be locked together into a wellordered s t a t e , either aligned (ferromagnetic) or antialigned (antiferromagnetic), b u t whose direction can r o t a t e between low-energy
directions which are s e p a r a t e d by anisotropy barriers. Several recent investigations have focused on t h e possibility t h a t t h e magnetic
vector will pass between these directions by q u a n t u m tunneling. I s u m m a r i z e recent l o w - t e m p e r a t u r e noise and a.c. magnetic
susceptibility m e a s u r e m e n t s on small antiferromagnetic particles and discuss t h e m in t h e framework of macroscopic q u a n t u m
coherence and tunneling. I also review t h e recent analysis of a r a t h e r general spin-parity effect: Systems with a p p r o p r i a t e s y m m e t r y
m a y exhibit q u a n t u m tunneling for integer spin, b u t not for half-odd-integer spin. In t h e latter case destructive interference between
different tunneling p a t h s completely suppresses t h e tunneling. T h i s suppression of tunneling is related t o K r a m e r s theorem, b u t
goes beyond it find generalizes it to situations with broken time-reversal symmetry.
1615 h
LD4
K. R. E L D E R , D e p a r t m e n t of Physics, McGill University
Ordering
Dynamics
in a Simple
Model of Rayleigh-Bènard
Convection
T h e process of p a t t e r n f o r m a t i o n in a simple model of Rayleigh-Bènard convection, i.e., t h e two dimensional Swift-Hohenberg
e q u a t i o n 1 , is examined t h r o u g h numerical and analytic m e t h o d s . Dynamic seeding relationships are developed for t h e collective
ordering of convective rolls in t h e limit of infinite aspect ratio. T h e stationary solutions are shown to be strongly influenced
by t h e s t r e n g t h of noise. Stationary s t a t e s for small and large noise s t r e n g t h s a p p e a r to be quasi-ordered a n d disordered
respectively. T h e d y n a m i c s of ordering f r o m an initially inhomogeneous s t a t e is very slow in t h e former case a n d fas'; in t h e
l a t t e r . Both numerical a n d analytic calculations indicate t h a t t h e slow dynamics can be characterized by a simple scaling
relationship, with a characteristic d y n a m i c exponent of 1 / 4 in t h e i n t e r m e d i a t e t i m e regime.
1
1700 h
AQ4100
J . Swift and P . C . Hohenberg, Phys. Rev. A 1 5 , 319 (1977).
MEETING OF NEW AND OLD COUNCILS
MARK YOUR CALENDAR
CAP
NOW!!
1 9 9 4 CAP CONFERENCE will be held at the University of Regina from
1 9 9 4 June 2 6 - 2 9 .
Deadline for abstracts for the 1 9 9 4 Annual Congress is
1 9 9 4 March 15.
The Call for Abstracts will be published in the 1 9 9 4 January issue of
Physics in Canada, together w i t h the advanced registration form,
accommodation form, and preliminary congress information.
STUDENTS: Don't miss the 1 9 9 4 Lumonics and Newport awards ...
rules and entry deadlines will be published in the 1 9 9 4 January issue
of Physics in Canada.
76
Physics in Canada
May 1993
POSTER
(Authors
wii! be available
SESSIONS
between
2000
h and 2 WO h)
MONDAY, JUNE 14: 1800 h + (South Concourse)
PA
PA1
SEMICONDUCTORS
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy is Used to Measure
Nonuniformities in Substrate Temperature During MBF, Growth of lll-V
Semiconductors S R. Johnson, C. Lavoie, M.K. Nissen, T, Tiedje, J.A.
Mackenzie Department of Physics. University of British ColumbiaVancouver. BC — We have developed an optical method for determining
substrate temperature based on a measurement of the bandgap using diffuse
reflectance spectroscopy (DRS)| 1,2]. A tungsten-halogen lamp, located on
a effusion cell port, is focused onto the substrate, which is textured on the
back surface. The bandgap of the semiconductor is inferred from the
wavelength at which the substrate is sufficiently transparent that the diffuse
reflection from the back surface can be detected in backscattering. This
measurement of the bandgap can be related to the temperature and is
sensitive to changes in temperature of less than 1°C. DRS is used when
growing both larger bandgap epilayers on the substrate (AlGaAs on GaAs)
or smaller bandgap epilayers on the substrate (InGaAs strained layers on
GaAs). From the DRS data we are able to measure the sub-gap absorption
and the absorption edge of the substrate-epilayer combination, in-situ. The
diffuse reflectance spectrum is collected from small areas (2% of total)
across the substrate giving a temperature profile of the substrate. Using
this technique, substrate heaters and holders can be modified to minimize
the temperature variations across the substrate, which decreases the
nonunifonnity in epilayer thickness caused by the temperature dependent
desorption rate of group III materials during MBE growth.
PA4
Substrate Induced Strain effects in High Purity InP
Epilayers. S.P WATKINS3. C.A. TRAN13, J.L BREBNERC. and
R.A. MASUTb, aDepartment of physics. Simon Fraser University.
Burnabv.BC. bDépartement de genie physique. Ecole
Polytechnique. C P. 6079. Succursale A. Montréal. Québec;
c
Département de physique. Université de Montréal. C.P. 6128.
Succursale A. Montréal. Québec
The effect of small changes in the substrate lattice constant on the
donor bound exciton transitions in high purity nominally undoped InP
epilayers was investigated by low temperature photoluminescence
(PL) techniques. High purity InP epilayers were grown on various
Fe-, As-, and S-doped (001) oriented substrates with differing
degrees of lattice mismatch For sufficiently large lattice mismatch,
the resulting biaxial strain could be directly observed by high
resolution x-ray diffraction giving a quantitative calibration of the
observed PL splittings. The exciton spectra are very sensitive to
these small substrate-induced biaxial strains. The results of this
paper provide evidence for a j-j coupling model of the donor bound
exciton in InP In addition, the work has potential applications in the
assessment of small variations in substrate lattice parameter
[1] M.K. Weilmeier et al. Can. J Phys. 69, 422 (1991)
[2] S.R. Johnson et al, (to be published in the J. Vac. Sci. Technol.)
PA2
In-plane Migration of Defects created bv Focused Ion Beam
Implantation in (ln.Ga)As/GaAs Strained Quantum Wells.
L B. Allard"), S. Charbonneau, T.E. Jackman, G.C. Aers, I.M.
Templeton, and M. Buchanan, Institute for Microstructural Sciences.
National Research Council. Ottawa. K1A 0 R 6 - W e assess the lateral
extent of thermally generated in-plane migration of focused ion beam
(FIB) created defects in (In,Ga)As/GaAs strained quantum wells.
W e monitor this selective disordering by analyzing the
photoluminescence (PL) signal of the quantum wells which have
been FIB implanted in periodic line-pattern fashion with varying
period. PL measurements carried out before and after the rapid
thermal annealing of the implanted samples clearly show that the
lateral damage extent is due to migration of defects and not to lateral
beam straggling. The effects of lattice-mismatch strain will also be
discussed.
Transport Measurements and Donor Spectra for
Very High Purity GaAs Grown bv Alternate Source MOCVD
S.P. Watkins and D. Brake, Physics Department, Simon Fraser
University. Burnaby B.C.
PA 5
Very high purity GaAs epilayers grown by low pressure
metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) using
tertiarybutylarsine (TBA) and triethylgallium (TEG) were studied
by Hall and photoluminescence techniques. Peak Hall mobilities
as high as 204,000 cm^/Vs were observed for growth with TBA
at a temperature of 45K. Carrier concentration and mobility
measurements down to temperatures as low as 4 2K verified the
high purity of these layers. A comparison of epilayers grown in
the same reactor using arsine was also undertaken
Comparable transport results were obtained for both group V
sources under optimum conditions. Donor identification was
carried out using the technique of magnetophotoluminescence
(MPL). A comparison of the residual donor species for arsine
and TBA-grown epilayers is presented.
a
)Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Physics, Physics Dept., University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, K I N 6N5.
PA3
Temperature study of Electron-hole Pair Expansion in a 2 - P E G
Single Q u a n t u m Well. L.B. Allard a >, S. Charbonneau, and P.T.
Coleridge, Institute for Microstructural Sciences. National Research
Council. Ottawa. K l A OR6 - Using a recently developed
photoluminescence imaging technique 1 , we investigate the temperature
dependence of the diffusion c o e f f i r ' n of electron-hole pairs in a 160 A
wide Al x Gai_ x As/GaAs single ' *
well having a residual carrier
concentration of 9 x 10 1 1 r
effect of having extra carriers
present is discussed a i r
vfr
_ various modes of carrier scattering
and their combined e ' ^ v
jTier lifetime. This is carried out in the
80-300 K temperature
...
a
)Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Physics, Physics. Dept., University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, K I N 6 N 5
IS. Charbonneau, L.B. Allard, J.F. Young, G. Dyck, and B.J
Rev. Sci. Instrum. 6 3 (11), Pp. 5315-5319 (1992).
Kyle,
PA6
The Electron Solid and the Role of Disorder in
Sl-MOSFETs.MARIE D'lORIO and V.M, PUDALOV, Nat. Res.
Council Canada - Recently we established the existence
of an electron ordered state in a quantizing magnetic
field in very high mobility Si inversion layers in a
dilute range of carrier density below 1 0 n cm"2 1. This
work has been extended to probe the role of disorder in
stabilizing the formation of an electron solid at zero
magnetic field 2. Our data on non-linear dc-transport in
the vicinity of the low temperature metal-insulator (MI)
transition at zero magnetic field strongly support the
collective character of that transition. As the electron
density is decreased or the disorder is increased, the
collective insulating state is driven into a singleparticle one. The measured critical density of the MI
transition as a function of disorder is consistent with
quantum melting of a pinned Wigner solid.
1
D'Iorio, M. , Pudalov, V.M., and Semenchinsky, S.G.,
Phys. Rev. B 46, 15992 (1992).
Pudalov, V.M., D'Iorio, M., Kravchenko, S.V., and
Campbell, J.W., Phys. Rev. Letters, in press.
2
mai 1 9 9 3
77
MONDAY, JUNE 14: 1800 h +
(South Concourse)
SEMICONDUCTORS
PA7
The Photoresponse of rf Sputtered ZnO Films. D. H.
ZHANG and D. E. BRODIE, Hep; of Physics. University of Waterloo
- Wide bandgap photoconductors are of interest for many applications.
ZnO is a possible candidate due to its large bandgap and photoresponse.
Large photoresponses (more than 5 orders) have been observed in
polycrystalline ZnO films deposited by reactively sputtering ZnO in
oxygen. However, they are not useful photoconductors because their
response times are too long. The behaviour of the photoresponse and its
dependence on the temperature and ambient gases are presented. An
induced adsorption of 0 2 is observed when an electric field is applied
to a sample (mounted in air) for the first time and this makes the
conductivities of the films decrease by = 2 orders of magnitude. Large
changes in the surface potentials are observed when the pressures of the
ambient gases 0 2 , N 2> or H 2 are changed. The observations are
consistent with multilayer gas adsorption on the surface of the films. In
an attempt to stabilize the films and observe a true photoconductivity,
an encapsulating layer of SiO x or SiN x was deposited on the free
surface of the films. The results suggest that the conductivity and the
photoresponse of ZnO films are mainly controlled by intercrystalline
depletion barriers which are attributed to the presence of ionized
adsorbates in the polycrystalline grain boundaries and light induces
changes in these.
PA 1 0
Photoionization of impurities in presenc; of a static electric
field.' G. LAMOUCHE and Y. LEPINE, Université de Montréal This paper presents a simple study of the photoicnization process of
semiconductor impurities in presence of a static electric field. This
work is motivated by the fact that many charactcrization techniques
involve defects in the depletion region of a junction where the electric
field can have an appreciable value. We use a standard perturbation
approach for the analysis of the photoionization process, neglecting
phonon contributions and field ionization. In a simple one-parabolicband effective mass approximation, the impurity ground state is
obtained from the quantum defect approach with a variational
correction that takes into account the static electric field. The limiting
cases of hydrogenoid and Lucovsky ground stat:s are studied. The
impurity potential is neglected in the evaluation of the continuum
final states. Results show an oscillating pattern in the photoionization
cross-section when the electric field polarization of the incoming light
is parallel to the static electric field. The effects are much less
pronounced when the polarization is perpendicular to this axis.
H o t P h o n o n D y n a m i c s in optically-doped G a A s Q u a n t u m Wells.
PA1 1
A Modified Effective Ma»» M o d e l o f Hydrogenated
A m o r p h o u s Silicon. STEPHEN K. O'LEARY, STEFAN ZUKOTYNSKI,
and JOHN M. PER2, U. of Toronto - A modified effective ma» model of hydrogenated amorphous silicon ( a-Si:H ) is proposed, this model being a generalization of that proposed in [1]. This model focuses upon the impact of
hydrogen on the electronic structure of the tail slates. We perform our analysis
in the continuum limit. Tail state density of states ( DOS ) calculations are
performed in the high hydrogen concentration limit, and analytical expressions
for the DOS function, N(E), are obtained. The results of our calculations are
found to be in general agreement with those of presect experimental data. In
addition, these results are shown to be quite robust to changes in the modeling
parameters. We find that the tail state DOS of a-Si:H, N(E), is characterised
by three distinct regimes; a sharply decreasing, shallow tail state region, of the
form N(E) —
exp(-confit |E| i ), an exponential, mid tail state region, of
the form N(E) — exp(-const|E|), and a deep tail state region, of the form
N(E) ~ exp(-const|£| J ). These analytical results are consistent with those
proposed by others working in the disordered semiconductor field.
pag
'PETER BROCKMANN, JEFF F. YOUNG 2 , P. HAWRYLAK 3 and H.M.
V A N DRIEL 1 , *Dept. of Physics. University of Toronto and Ontario Laser and
Lightwave Research Centre, ^Dept. of Physics. University of British Coumbia.
Vancouver.
for Microstructural Sciences. National Research Council.
Ottawa - -The relaxation of hot carriers in polar semiconductors is both of
fundamental scientific interest and of technological importance. In spite of a
large experimental and theoretical effort during the last two decades,
experimental evidence on a microscopic level is still lacking. We report results
of time resolved Raman scattering experiments on GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells
that offer direct microscopic evidence for the reabsorption of hot phonons,
emitted during the relaxation of optically injected hot carriers, by a variable
density "cold" electron-hole plasma that was also optically injected. The lifetime
of coupled LO phonon- plasmon modes was found to decrease from 4.5 ps to 1.9
ps when the density of the cold plasma was increased to ~3*10' ' cm"2. We
found by using time integrated Raman scattering that this reduction in lifetime is
directly related to a decrease in population of the corresponding phonon mode,
and hence gives rise to a reduction in the energy transfer rate from the hot
carriers to the lattice bath through this particular mode. Our results compare
favourably with a many-body calculation we performed to model the influence of
the cold plasma on the hot LO phonon dynamics.
*Ce travail a bénéficié de l'aide du CRSNG et du FCAR.
[1] S.K. O'Leary, S. Zukotynski, and J.M. Pen, J. Appl.
( 1992 ).
da Io
PA9
Defect Profiling in Semiconductors using Variable-Energy
Positrons. Peter J. SCHULTZ, The Positron Beam Laboratory.
Dept. of Physics. The University of Western Ontario, London.
Ontario. N6A 3K7 - In the last 5 years we have developed a
technique for profiling the number density and, in some cases,
the nature of structural defects in thin films and at interfaces.
This has been applied principally to the study of layered or ionbeam modified semiconductor structures. The technique is
based on the well known fact that positrons will annihilate either
from freely diffusing or defect-localized states, and the 511 keV
radiation is Doppler-broadened due to the electron momentum
density in the vicinity of the positron. One of the 3 accelerators
in the Positron-Beam Facility at UWO is a user-based defectprofiling facility, which we will describe together with the data
acquisition and analysis procedures. We will illustrate using
examples drawn from a variety of our recent studies on
semiconductor heterostructures. The purpose of this very general
presentation is to bring this unique Canadian resource to the
attention of potentially interested users.
78
Physics in Canada
May 1993
Phys.
72, 2272
QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT I NHOPPING SYSTEMS
Alexander A . BEREZIN
- McMaster Univ.
- Partially coipensated doped seiiconductors IPCDS] exhibit iharonov-Bohi-like
lagnetoresistance oscillations in hopping conductivity (B.I.Shklovskii, B.Z.
Spivak, 19901. Bere I propose that highly correlated unfactoriiable I"entangled",
[1)1 quantui states of coipact PCDS facilitate inforiational propensity of such
systeis in a soie kind of crystalline ecology", in analoçue is correlated isotopic tunneling under the action of holistically-teleological inforiational
attractots [2].The ianifold of filled/infilled donors in PCDS issues soie donors
to act as 2-state spin variables of Bopfield netnork «tile other donors function
priiarily as leibers of synaptic links. This lodel of holistic quantui entangle•ent of the entire PCDS operates dvnaiicallv thru an lr,t)-pattern of quantui
reductions (21 ihile at a Iquasilclassical level its operation lay be sketched
as "classical configuratiotal collapse, or charge loctinj in iipurity coiplexes
(31. Local charge configurations of the latter are stabilized b; polarization [31
and/or inter-site electrostatic correlations, like in 'Couloib Blockade" scheies.
Infonationally-driven guantui patterning in PCDS procoeds as the "survival-ofthe-fittest" paradigi of recent ecologial Models (like "Gaie of Life", etc).
This lay lead to a presence of soie * t r i c t i l s " t tracta. structure) in the
lifetiie spectruilsl of inforiationally connected (ittractor-drivenl quantui
dynaiics. rathenoie, due to their very high (configurational! degeneracy, PCDS
are good candidates for highly sensitive "info-probes" in a spirit of 14] and/or
the expedients of R.G.Jahn and B.J.Dunne. For sale reasons, PCDS lav be useful
as components of quantui computing systeis (e.g., quan:ui autoiata of D.Z.Albert,
1983! and even as "direct" tools to test the validity Jf Hugh Everett's 11957]
Kany-lorld scheie. Other proiisisg hybrids are PCDS based on (pentagonal) quasicrysatls, as the latter are possibly foried by quantui noalocalities (R.Penrose,
1919).This hybrid lay create "interactive superposition" having t»o alternative
routes for quantui entagleients Kith (possiblyI different underlying lechanisis.
'11 L . H a r d y , Physics Letters
(IT,
160, 1 (1951).
2 A . A . B e r e z i n , J.Theor.Biol.,
154, 415 (1992).
[3 A . A . B e r e z i n , Zt.ttlr
Naturforschung,
38a, 959 (1983).
4 A . A . B e r e z i n , R . S . N a k h m a n s o n , Phys.Ess., 3, 3 3 1 ( 1 9 9 0 ) .
MONDAY, JUNE 14:
1800 h +
(South Concourse)
SEMICONDUCTORS
PA13
Excitation
Intensitv/Energv
dependent
Electric Field P h o t o l u m i n e s c e n c e Q u e n c h i n g in S Q W
s t r u c t u r e s . S. FAFARD*, Q U E S T - U C S B ; E. FORTIN, L L
O t t a w a : J.L. MERZ, Q U E S T - U C S B . - An applied electric
field, the intensity a n d t h e energy of excitation, a n d
t h e t e m p e r a t u r e all s t r o n g l y i n f l u e n c e the r a d i a t i v e
recombination
efficiency
in
quantum
well
h e t e r o s t r u c t u r e s . W e h a v e s t u d i e d t h e PL e m i t t e d
t h r o u g h the excitonic g r o u n d state of an I n G a A s / G a A s
S Q W under various c o m b i n a t i o n of these p a r a m e t e r s .
W e s h o w h o w t h e e l e c t r i c field q u e n c h i n g of the
l u m i n e s c e n c e is a f f e c t e d by t h e e n e r g y a n d t h e
intensity of excitation. W e also d e m o n s t r a t e how the
n o n - l i n e a r d e p e n d e n c e of t h e PL w i t h e x c i t a t i o n
i n t e n s i t y c a n be a p p l i e d for l o w - i n t e n s i t y
optical
switching.
PA1 6
Theory of the Electronic Structure of Coulomb-Confined
Quantum Wires * Y. SUN and G. KIRCZENOW, Simon Fraser [J. We present self-consistent calculations of the electronic structure of
quantum wires, based on the density functional formalism of Kohn and
Sham. The model studied is of quantum wires formed by charge transfer between a narrow ribbon of dopant and a two-dimensional GaAsAlxGal-xAs interface or quantum well. The physics of such quantum
wires is found to be quite different from that of split-gate quantum
wires. The inclusion of exchange-correlation effects in the theory is
found to be essential for quantum wires of this type. For low linear
electron densities, and if the dopant ribbon is close to the electron
plane, all of the populated states in these quantum wires are strongly
confined in the transverse direction, as in gated quantum wires. However, for higher electron densities and larger separations, the electronic structure is qualitatively different: The higher populated subbands
are extremely weakly bound in the transverse direction and their wavefunctions extend far beyond the vicinity of the dopant ribbon. Experimental tests of these predictions using transport and capacitance
measurements would be of interest.
"NSERC PDF.
* Supported by the NSERC and by CSS at SFU.
PB
Which Deep Traps Kill the Electrical Properties of Gallium
Arsenide? C.CARLONE, Dépt de Phvs.. U. de Sherbrooke and
S.M. KHANNA, Defense Research Establish. Ottawa - The EL2
trap is probably the best studied deep trap in GaAs. It is implied
that this trap limits the use of this semiconductor in high speed
applications. We have exposed GaAs to electron and neutron
irradiation in order to learn about the deep traps which degrade its
electrical properties. The samples were grown by the metalorganic
chemical vapour deposition method. Prior to irradiation, the
carrier concentration and the Hall mobility were measured, and
the deep levels were identified by Deep Level transient
Spectroscopy. We observe that the density of EL2 ( = 5xl0 13 cm 3
in undoped samples) does not change in the fluence range 0 to
3xl0 1 4 n/cm 2 or 6xl0 1 4 e/cm 2 , but the traps EL6 and EL14 are
introduced at rates of 0.30 ± 0.04 and 1.7 ± 0.4 cm -1
respectively by both types of irradiations. The U band is
introduced by neutron irradiation only. Moreover, the electrical
properties degrade significantly at fluences of 1014 e or n/cm 2 and
above. Thus in the fluence range studied, the electrical properties
are killed by traps like EL6, EL14, or the U band but not EL2.
PA15
Electron-Electron Effects in the Magnetoconductance of N a n o - s t r u c t u r e s . - M. W. C.
DHARMA-WARDANA, A. S. SACHRAJDA, N R C - A l m o s t
all p r e v i o u s d i s c u s s i o n s of m a g n e t o c o n d u c t a n c e ( M C )
of q u a n t u m d o t s e t c . , u s i n g a s i n g l e - p a r t i c l e p i c t u r e
n e e d t o be r e v i s e d to t a k e a c c o u n t of C o u l o m b
i n t e r a c t i o n s . M C - o s c i l l a t i o n s p r e v i o u s l y a s c r i b e d to
an
"Aharonov-Bohm(A-B)"
period
are
better
d e s c r i b e d as c h a n g e s in t h e t o t a l e n e r g y of t h e
n a n o s t r u c t u r e a n d t h e e f f e c t s of s c r e e n i n g a r i s i n g
f r o m f u l l y t r a n s m i t t e d e d g e ( F T E ) s t a t e s , if t h e y be
p r e s e n t 1 . If F T E a r e a b s e n t , the q u a n t u m f o r m of
t h e C o u l o m b b l o c k a d e is o b t a i n e d . T h e
theory
i n c o r p o r a t e s the C o u l o m b b l o c k a d e , the so c a l l e d
" A - B " a n d p e r i o d d o u b l i n g e f f e c t s as a f u n c t i o n of
the f i e l d and the g a t e v o l t a g e in a natural w a y .
1
M. W . C. D h a r m a - w a r d a n a et al. Solid State
Com.,
PB1
SURFACES AND THIN FILMS
Surface Diffusion in Co/Cu HOP) Thin-films Studied by insitu STM*>. D. A T L A N 1 , A. K. S C H M I D 2 , H. ITOH 3 , B.
H E I N R I C H 1 , J. KIRSCHNER2, and T. ICHINOKAWA 3 , 1 Simon
Fraser Uni.. BC. Canada. 2 Freie Uni. Berlin. Germany. 3 Waseda
Uni. Tokyo. Japan.- Annealing films, grown under UHV at room temperature, is a technique commonly used in order to generate Co/Cu
(100) thin films of high crystalline quality. The STM used in this study
for in-situ characterization had a unique feature: it is possible to retrieve
the same position on a sample, after transferring it out of the STM for
annealing, and transferring it back. Auger electron spectroscopy was
used in conjunction with the STM to characterize changes in distribution
of Co and Cu. Annealing at 490 K for several minutes transforms
Co/Cu (100) structures into sandwich structures, with a single monolayer of Cu capping the Co films. The diffusion of Cu atoms to the surface occurs through microscopic pinholes in the film, leading to the
formation of pits in the substrate underneath such holes. The formation
of the Cu overlayer can be understood as an alternative process to the
establishment of a Volmer-Weber equilibrium, which would consist of
3-D Co islands. The capping layer reduces the free energy of the system, and is kinetically favored over island formation due to the high
mobility of Cu surface atoms, and the lower mobility of Co surface
atoms. The process can be expected to be found in a number of similar
thin film systems, and is expected to change their magnetic properties.
''Supported by the National Research Council of Canada.
PB2
M a g n e t i c A n i s o t r o p i c s in U l t r a t h i n f e e C o ( O O l )
S t r u c t u r e s . * M . K O W A L E W S K I , B. H E I N R I C H , C . M .
S C H N E I D E R , Surface Physics Lab.. Physics Dept.. Simon
Fraser Univ.. Burnaby. B.C..Canada. — Metastable fee
s t r u c t u r e s c o n s i s t i n g of u l t r a t h i n l a y e r s of m e t a s t a b l e f e e
Co(001) were g r o w n on fee Cu(001) by molecular-beam
e p i t a x y ( M B E ) . T h e m a g n e t i c p r o p e r t i e s of t h e s e s t r u c tures were investigated by e m p l o y i n g f e r r o m a g n e t i c reson a n c e ( F M R ) t e c h n i q u e . T h e t h i c k n e s s d e p e n d e n c e of t h e
u n i a x i a l p e r p e n d i c u l a r a n d f o u r f o l d i n - p l a n e a n i s o t r o p i c s is
p r e s e n t e d . Both a n i s o t r o p i c s are s h o w n to be well des c r i b e d b y a s u m of c o n t r i b u t i o n s f r o m t h e c o n s t a n t v o l u m e t e r m a n d t h e 1/d d e p e n d e n t i n t e r f a c e t e r m . T h e r o l e s
of intrinsic interface anisotropics and magnetoelastic effects due to tetragonal distortions are presented. T h e temp e r a t u r e d e p e n d e n c e of a n i s o t r o p i c s is d i s c u s s e d .
* S u p p o r t e d b y the N a t i o n a l R e s e a r c h C o u n c i l of C a n a d a .
84, 631 (1992)
mai 1993
79
(South Concourse)
pgg
Growth of Nearly Ideal Interfaces in Fe Whisl<er/Cr/Fe(001)
Structuresf.
L.X. LIAO, D. HEINRICH, K. MYRTLE, M. FROM,
and J. F. COCHRAN, Dept. of Phys., Simon I'raser Univ. - Well
prepared Fe(100) whiskers represent the best available metallic templates and are characterized by atomic terraces whose dimensions are
in excess of 1 fim. Fe whiskers exhibit nearly perfect RHEED patterns. The best Cr growth was achieved for substrate temperatures
between 350 and 400 C. The intensity oscillations of the specular
spot showed well defined cusps and the oscillations remained unattenuated during the whole growth. At RHEED intensity maxima the
RHEED streaks are very weak and short contrary to the specular spot
which exhibits a maximum intensity. At RHEED intensity minima
the specular diffraction spot disappears entirely and RHEED streaks
increase their intensity and are visibly broader :han those observed
at RHEED maxima. All the above RHEED features can be explained
by assuming that the growth proceeds in a layer by layer mode and
that the intensity of the electron diffracted beams is strongly affected
by thè wave interference between the two top atomic layers.
A Structural Investigation of the Deposition of Fe on
Alf 100).* G.W. ANDERSON, K. GRIFFITHS, P.R. NORTON,
Interface Science Western and Dept. of Chemistry. U. of Western
Ontario. C. GIGAULT, J.R. DUTCHER, Dept. of Physics. U. of
Guelph. - The deposition of Fe on Al(100) substrates at 295 K and
200 K has been investigated using Rutherford backscattering (RBS)
and channeling, low energy electron diffraction (LEED), Auger
spectroscopy (AES) and angle resolved AES (ARAES).
The
channeling, LEED and ARAES results indicate that initial
deposition of Fe results in alloying with the Al{100) substrate. This
alloying produces a disruption in the near-surface order, with the
LEED pattern being observed to disappear completely for Fe
coverages > 0.7 monolayers (ML). As deposition continues the
alloying is observed to end and for coverages > 6 ML, a poorly
ordered Fe overlayer is formed. Implications of these structural
results for the magnetic properties of Fe/Al(100) systems will be
discussed.
{Supported by NSERC.
PB7
Direct Ablation of Aluminum Films from Silicon Wafers
Using Ultrashort KrF Pulses
Y.Y. Tsui*, R. Fedosejevs*, and
J. Santiagof
*Department of Electrical Engineering.
University of Alberta. Edmonton. Alberta. Canada and
tDepartment of Science. Grande Prairie Regional College.
Grande Prairie. Alberta. Canada - The ablation of Aluminum
films from the surface of silicon wafers using 100 ps KrF pulses
has been studied in order to investigate the: possiblities of direct
ablative etching of sub-micron features on metal films. The
ablation of the target by these laser pulses is characterized
through visual inspection and electron microscopy to determine
the threshold of laser fluence for which m siting and removal of
target material occurs. In addition, time resolved and time
integrated laser light reflected from the damage spots as well as
their small signal reflectivity are measured. The experimental
results will be presented and compared with results from
numerical calculations.
* Supported by NSERC
Fe,Q,
Thin
Films
Prepared
bv
Metalorganic
Deposition(MOD) from Iron-2-ethylhexanoate.
S. XUE, W.
OUSSI-BENOMAR and R.A. LESSARD, COPL. Dept. of Phvs..
Univ. Laval - Ferric oxides such as maghaemite and haemite thin
films have wide applications as magnetic storage media and
hydrocarbon gas sensor materials.1"2 Reported here are our recent
studies about the growth and characterization of Fe 2 0 3 thin films
prepared by MOD from Fe-2-ethylhexanoate, thin film formation
process was studied in detail through TGA(Thermalgravimetric
Analysis), FTIR(Fourier Transform IR Spectroscopy), XRD(X-ray
Diffraction), SEM(Scanning Electron Microscopy) characterization.
Thermal annealing effects on the optical properties of Fe 2 0 3 thin
films was also reported. It shows that high quality F e 2 0 , thin films
can be prepared by MOD method which have the potential for a
homogeneous film over a large area, good mechanical and chemical
stability, and simplicity.
1 Sandip Dhara et al, Jap.J.Appl.Phys., 31, 3853(1992)
2 Wan-Young Chung et al, Thin Solid Films, 200, 329(1991)
PB5
Indium tin oxide films as transparent conductors and
counter
electrodes
in electrochromic
systems.
F.
B E N K H E L I F A , P.V. A S H R I T , G. B A D E R , F E R N A N D E.
G I R O U A R D A N D V O - V A N T R U O N G , Université de
Moncton - Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) films sputter deposited
near room t e m p e r a t u r e are studied for their application both
as counter electrodes and as transparent conductors in
electrochromic ( E C ) systems.
T h e optical and electrical
changes in these films a r e studied as a function of lithium
insertion using a dry method. These films exhibit a passive
coloration in the solar and visible spectral ranges while
improving their electronic conductivity with lithiation. Using
the lithiation study results, a complete E C system with
a m o r p h o u s tungsten oxide electrochromic layer and LiC10 4 in
propylene carbonate (PC) electrolyte is fabricated.
The
electrochromic performance of such systems is reported. Such
a system is capable of giving a fairly high optical modulation
in the visible and solar spectral regions and suggests the
potential use of I T O films for a simplified E C system.
P B 8 A Study of Electron and Positron Backscattering.
G.R. Massoumi, P.J. Schultz, W.N. Lennard, The
Positron-Beam Laboratory. University of Western
Ontario. London. Ont. N6A 3K7, Canada. K.O.
Jensen and A.B. Walker, University of East
Analia. Norwich. U.K.
A sensitive experimental test of elastic
scattering cross sections is contained in the
details
of
the
backscattered
distribution.
Positron and electron beams from 5-35 keV were
used to study the e*/e" doubly differential (angle
and energy) backscattering distributions as a
function of both scattering angle (100°s6sl50°)
and target atomic number
(4SZS82).
The
experimental data are compared with Monte Carlo
simulations
based
on
the
Penn
dielectric
function, and in all cases the agreement is
excellent.
PB g
Electronic image potential stat as on metal surfaces*.
A. E L M A H B O U B I and Y. L E P I N E , Université de Montréal. T h e
ground-state energy and the mean equilibrium position of a slow
electron in the vicinity of a
metal-vacuum interface
are
calculated. T h e interaction of the electron with the s u r f a c e
plasmons is treated dynamically using variational methods. I n
t h e weak coupling limit, one finds that the binding energy is equal
to -0.546 eV for the (100) surface, a result independent of metal.
A m o r e precise treatment, using G r e e n ' s functions, leads t o a
binding energy that depends weakly on the plasmon energy. T h e
s t r o n g coupling approach can not be applied in t h e present case.
W e c o m p a r e o u r results to those obtained for the Cu(100) a n d
Ag(100) surfaces f r o m two-photon photoemission spectroscopy
m e a s u r e m e n t s ' and from phase analysis calculations 2 .
' K. Giesen et al: Phys. Rev.B35. 971 (1987).
K. Giesen et at: Phys. Rev.B35. 975 (1987).
• supported by NSERC and FCAR.
2
80
Physics in Canada
May 1993
MONDAY, JUNE 14:
1800 h +
(South Concourse)
PB 1 0
Optical reflectance of a spatially dispersive medium with
adsorbed overlavers*. N G U Y E N V A N - T R O N G " and VOV A N T R U O N G , Université de Moncton - A formalism of
mixed Fourier series is provided to solve Maxwell's equations
presented in integral form. When material equations are
diagonal in mixed Fourier representation the well-known results
of previous theories [K.L. Kliewer and R. Fuchs, Phys. Rev.,
172. 607 (1968), P.R. Rimbey and G.D. Mahan, Solid St.
Comm., 15, 35 (1974)] are shown to be recovered.
This
formalism is applied to calculate differential reflectance for a
metal with overcoated thin film. T h e bulk-selvedge coupling is
taken into account exactly without using Born approximation.
T h e possibility of surface plasmon resonance in differential
reflectance is discussed.
PC4
An NMR study of Single Crystal UNi 2 Al 3 . E. KOSTER, M.
GARDNER and D.LI. WILLIAMS, Dept. of Physics, Univ. of
British Columbia.
The angular dependence of the Al 27 NMR frequencies in a
single crystal of the heavy fermion material UN12AI3 has been
accurately measured a t 11K, and used to determine precise values of both the electric field gradient (EFG) and Knight shift
tensors at the Al sites. By tracking individual lines, no strong
t e m p e r a t u r e dependence is observed a t higher temperatures.
However, a t lower temperatures, measurements taken with the
magnetic field in the basal plane show significant line broadening j u s t below the reported Neel temperature of 4.6K, suggestive
of magnetic ordering. In contrast, measurements with the magnetic field along the c-axis of the crystal show no effect a t 4.6K.
However in the temperature range between 3.9K and 3.6K the
NMR signal loses intensity without significant broadening and
disappears into the noise. We are presently examining the magnetic field dependence of this effect.
PC5
Imaging of Magnetic Domains by means of Magnetic Circular
Dichroism in Photoemission. C.M. SCHNEIDER, Simon Fraser University. Burnaby. B.C.: K. MEINEL, J. KIRSCHNER, Max-PlanckInstitut fur Mikrostrukturphysik. Halle. Germany: K. HOLLDACK,
M. KINZLER, M. GRUNZE; Universitat Heidelberg. Heidelberg.
Germany — The effect of magnetic circular dichroism in photoemission (MCDAD) has been employed to image magnetic domains at the
surface of (100) iron whiskers. The experiments employed an imaging
electron spectrometer of the ESCASCOPE type. The photoelectrons
were excited by circularly polarized soft X-rays, obtained from the SX700/3 beamline at the German synchrotron facility BESSY. Intensity
asymmetries (normalized differences in the photoelectron intensity
spectra taken with right and left hand circularly polarized light) due to
MCDAD are observed not only in the core level photoelectrons, but
also in secondary electrons, e.g., from Auger processes. These intensity asymmetries lead to a magnetic contrast in an energy filtered photocurrent map of the surface. Magnetic domain patterns can be imaged
with a spatial resolution <10|im, at a maximum field of view of ~lmm.
Chemical, topographic and magnetic information on a microscopic
scale can be extracted individually. The features of this novel kind of
speetro-microscopy make it a unique tool to link magnetic behavior at
surfaces and in thin films to their surface chemistry and topology.
PC g
Three Magnon Excitations in One Dimensional Q u a n t u m
Spin Chains.
R.J. LEE and B.W. S O U T H E R N , University of
Manitoba, Canada.
T h e three magnon excitation spectra of a
one dimensional chain of spin S quantum spins is studied using
the recursion method. All known integrable models show special
features in the bound state branches. As the models move away
from integrability, gaps appear at the Brillouin zone boundaries
and resonances appear. Unphysical oscillations in the recursion
coefficients can be used to identify the gaps.
pp-7
Progress in the Development of a Cryogenic Granule
Detector for Dark Matter.* G. MEAGHER, Y.-F. LU, X.-F. HE,
A. KOTLICKI, G. ESKA** and B.G. TURRELL, Dept. of Physics,
University of British Columbia - Previously we have developed
a SQUID read-out and a procedure for making planar arrays of
indium and tin spheres with good uniformity in size and position.
Recently we have fabricated arrays of smaller tin spheres suitable
for detecting weakly interacting massive particles. The spherical
granules are 4 îm in diameter and separated by 20 ^m. Cryogenic
tests show t h a t the spread in transition temperatures is narrow
and t h a t it depends on the direction of the applied field. Both a
single array and a multilayer detect low energy radiation.
•Supported by N S E R C .
" P e r m a n e n t address: Center of Physics, H o Chi Minh City,
Vietnam
PC
PC 1
PC2
MAGNETISM AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
Moved to HF6 (DIAP)
as a contributed oral paper
The Optimization of Growth Conditions for the Production of thin
Superconducting Films of Tl2Ba2Ca2Cu3Ol0+x.*
J. CHRZANOWSKI, X. MENG-BURANY, A.E. CURZON,
J.C. IRWIN, B. HEINRICH, Phvs. Dept.. Simon Fraser University.
N. FORTIER, A. CRAGG, F. HABIB and A. A. FIFE, CTF Systems
ln£. - Thin superconducting films of Tl-2223 have been grown on (001)
faces of single crystals of YSZ, MgO, LaA103 and SrTi03 using: 1)
RF magnetron sputtering of a Tl-2223 target), 2) laser ablation of a
Tl-0223 target and 3) RF sputtering of a Tl-0223 target. Post
annealing and thalliation of the film precursor at different temperatures
T s was carried out either in various Ar/02 mixtures of a total pressure
p - l A t m , or in pure 0 2 under low pressure (p = 150-370 Torr). The
films have been characterized by XRD, SEM, ED AX, AES and Raman
spectroscopy. A simplified phase diagram which correlates T s with
A r / 0 2 partial pressures for optimum formation of the Tl-2223 film has
been found. A close correlation between the measured j c values and the
(001) x-ray line half-widths has been observed. The highest critical
temperature was - 1 1 4 K (R = 0) and j c - 6 x 105 A/cm 2 at 77K.
Single crystal films of Tl-2223 have been obtained.
•Supported by NSERC, ISTC (STP-aim Program), and BCMAETT.
AC Susceptibility Studies on Y-Ba-Cu-O and Tl-Ba-CaCu-O Thin Films' W. XING, B. HEINRICH, 1. CHRZANOWSKI,
and J. C. IRWIN, Simon Fraser University. H. ZHOU, A. CRAGG, N.
FORTIER, F. HABIB, and A. A. FIFE, CTF Systems Inc. - The
temperature- and field-dependent ac susceptibilities x = X - >X" °f
laser ablated Y-Ba-Cu-0 and Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O thin films were measured for ac fields aligned perpendicular to the film surface.
According to the critical-state model calculations of Sun et al. 1 , the
maximum of the imaginary part of ac susceptibility x " occurs when
the amplitude of the applied field H a is approximately equal to the full
penetration field H*. With the relation H*
Jc( (where t is the
thickness of the film), the values of the critical current density J c have
been estimated. The J c values obtained in this way are in good
agreement with those determined by ac screening measurements also
performed in this study. By taking measured values of J C (T), we could
calculate ac susceptibilities as a function of temperature and field. The
calculated x' and x" closely resemble the measured curves. Therefore
the above calculations' can be used to explain the observed ac
susceptibilities of high-T c thin films.
1
J. Z. Sun, M. J. Scharen, L. C. Bourne, and J. R. Schrieffer, Phys.
Rev. B 44, 5275(1991).
'Supported by NSERC, ISTC (STP-aim Program), and BCMAETT.
•Supported by NSERC
" P e r m a n e n t Address: University of Bayreuth, Germany
mai 1993
81
MAGNETISM AND
PC8
(South Concourse)
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
PREPARATION. CHARACTERIZATION AND
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF PALLADIUM BASE
OXIDES
T. S t a r t s e v a , F . S . R a z a v i . D e p a r t m e n t o f Physics. B r o c k
U n i v e r s i t y - Several o x i d e s , c o n t a i n i n g p a l l a d i u m and o t h e r
m e t a l s h a v e b e e n synthesized, mainly b y solid s t a t e r e a c t i o n s .
T h e crystal s t r u c t u r e s h a v e b e e n investigated using X - r a y
p o w d e r diffraction technique There have not been many
r e p o r t s o n e l e c t r o n i c , m a g n e t i c and physical p r o p e r t i e s o f
these type of ceramic oxides Electronic and magnetic
Comparison
of
Varicus
Chemical
Solutions
for
the
Spray
Pvrolvsis
Deposition of Electrochromic Films.
D.C.
CRAIGEN, Acadia University
A variety
of new chemical solutions haye been tried
for the d e p o s t i o n of e l e c t r o c h r o m i c
films
by the spray deposition method.
The basic
chemicals
used
were
the
chlorides
and
c a r b o n y l s of t u n g s t e n and m o l y b d e n u m .
For
any
of
these
a
variety
of
deposition
efficiencies
and
film
optical
quality
could
be
obtained
depending
on
the
substrate
surface,
substrate
temperature
and
solvent
used
for
dissolving
the
chemicals.
p r o p e r t i e s o f t h e s e o x i d e s w e r e investigated a s a f u n c t i o n o f
t e m p e r a t u r e b e t w e e n 4 K t o 3 0 0 K by m e a n s o f D C - m a g n e t i c
susceptibility u s i n g S Q U I D m a g n e t o m e t e r , electrical
c o n d u c t i v i t y and Hall e f f e c t
Raman Scattering Investigation of
65
OnO. X.K. C h e n and
J.C. Irwin, Simon Fraser University. J. Frank, University of Alberta.
— R a m a n scattering experiments have been c a n i e d out on powdered
PC9
PD
Larqe-N and Finite-Temperature Studies of a
2+1
Dimensional Model Exhibiting Superconductivity.
S. Sakhi,
R. MacKenzie, and P.K. Panigrahi, Université
de
Montréal.
W e analyze a 2 + 1 dimensional model w i t h charged, relativistic
fermions interacting through a tour-Fermi team. Taking advantage
of its large-/V renormalizability, the various phases of this model are
studied at finite temperature and beyond the leading order in 1 I N .
Although the vacuum expectation value (VEV) of a charged order
parameter is zero at any non-zero temperature, the model,
nevertheless, exhibits a rich phase structure in the strong coupling
phase, because of the non-vanishing VEV of a neutral order
parameter and due to the non-trivial dynamics of the vortex
excitations on the plane. These are: a confined-vortex phase w h i c h
is superconducting at low temperatures, an intermediatetemperature phase w i t h deconfined vortices, and a high-temperature
phase, where the neutral order parameter vanishes.
The
manifestation of superconductivity at low-temperatures and its
disappearance above a critical temperature is explicitly s h o w n to be
due to the vortex confinement/deconfinement mechanism of
Kosterlitz and Thouless. The ground state does not break parity or
time-reversal symmetries and the ratio of the energy gap t o Tc is
bigger than the conventional BCS value.
OPTICAL PROPERTIES
PD1
Size
Distributions
obtained
bv
Integrated
P h y s i c s in C a n a d a
May
1993
65
C u isotope. The frequencies of the
Raman modes have been measured and compared to those of
The 240 cm
-1
mode of
63
63
CuO.
C u O , which appears in the antiferromagnetic
phase at low temperatures, was observed to shift to lower energy by
about 4 c m 1 in the isotope substituted sample of
65
CuO.
T h e effects
of Zn-doping were also investigated. Possible interpretations of the
240 era' 1 m o d e will be discussed.
•Supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada.
A Deep Trap In Quartz that is Used for Optical
Dating. D.J.HUNTLEY and K.DUNPHY, Physics Dept.. S.F.U.
and M.A.SHORT, Radioisotope Unit. University of Hong
Kong - There is an important electron trap in quartz
which we are seeking to identify. The thermal lifetime
of an electron in this trap at ambient temperature is
at least 10 years, but the lifetime under ambient
sunlight is of the order of a second. Electrons
accumulate in such traps as a consequence of
environmental beta or gamma irradiation. The number of
electrons in such traps is thus a measure of the time
elapsed since the last exposure to sunlight. We are
first attempting to characterize this trap; results of
measurements of excitation probability as a function of
photon energy and temperature, as well as measurements
of isothermal decay will be presented The trap
population is monitored by observing the 360-nm
recombination luminescence occurring as a result of
exposure to 514 nm light.
Light
Scattering Spectroscopy bv the Inversion of KO).
K.B.
S T R A W B R I D G E and F . R . H A L L E T T , University of Guelph.
Guelph.
Ontario - Traditionally particle size
intensity
distributions and number distributions through particle form
factor corrections have been successfully obtained f r o m
d y n a m i c light s c a t t e r i n g ( D L S ) d a t a . H o w e v e r i n t e g r a t e d light
s c a t t e r i n g ( I L S ) d a t a in t h e f o r m o f I ( Q ) v s . Q c o n t a i n s m o r e
information about the particle and interparticle structure
e s p e c i a l l y in t h e c a s e o f h o l l o w o r c o a t e d s p h e r e s w h e r e t h e r e
are sensitivities to the refractive indices and coat thickness.
T h e I L S t e c h n i q u e is s i g n i f i c a n t l y f a s t e r in t e r m s o f b o t h d a t a
collection and analysis and n u m b e r distributions are the
immediate byproduct of the inversion of I(Q) vs. Q data. Size
d i s t r i b u t i o n s f o r both solid a n d h o l l o w latex s p h e r e s h a v e b e e n
obtained using either Rayleigh-Gans-Debye ( R G D ) or Mie
theories and c o m p a r e d with D L S results.
82
cupric oxide (CuO) grown with the
Optical Characterization of MBE-orown CdTe/GaAs 1100)
Structure. M. Meléndez-Lira, S. Jiménez-Sandoval and I. HernéndezCalderôn
Departamento de Fisica, Centro de Investigaciôn y de
Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Mexico). CdTe thin films were g r o w n
by MBE on GaAs (100) substrates. An optical characterization of
these films was carried out by photoreflectsnce (PR) and Raman
spectroscopies. The band gap and other characteristic parameters
were obtained by fitting the PR spectra to a theoretical model. The
spectra showed important differences in signal strength and line
shape as a function of substrate preparation find crystalline quality.
Some films presented PR spectra w i t h Franz-Keldysh oscillations as
well as additional features to those expected for the heterojunction.
Room and low-temperature Raman experiments resulted in different
ratios and line w i d t h s of the LO and the theoretically forbidden TO
modes. These results are discussed in terms of structural properties
and interface stress which originate from g r o w t h conditions and
substrate preparation methods.
MONDAY, JUNE 14:
PE
PE1
p£2
1800 h +
(South Concourse)
PHASE TRANSITIONS
A 2 H NMR Study of Polymorphism in Epidermal Model
Membranes. J. THEWALT", D. F E N S K E " , M. B L O O M ' and
N. K I T S O N ' , "Dept. of Physics, " D e p t . of Biochemistry, *Div.
of Dermatology, U.B.C. - T h e outer layer of skin, the s t r a t u m
corneum (SC), contains intercellular lipid domains which are responsible for maintaining the permeability barrier between the
inside of the b o d y and the outside world. We have applied 2 H
N M R to contrast two model membrane systems, one of which
approximates the lipid composition of SC membranes and the
other differing only in the presence of a phosphocholine headg r o u p on the sphingolipid. These systems are equiinolar mixtures
of sphingomyelin:cholesterol:palmitic acid ( S P M : C H O L : P A ) and
ceramide(CER):CHOL:PA with either the PA or t h e CHOL deuterated. These mixtures have been studied as multilamellar dispersions and as oriented bilayers. T h e SPM:CHOL:deuterated
PA forms fluid bilayers over the t e m p e r a t u r e range of interest. In contrast, t h e C E R : C H O L : d e u t e r a t e d PA displays complex thermotropic polymorphism, with solid, fluid bilayer, find
isotropic phases observed. Only solid and ordered fluid phases
are observed at physiological temperatures. T h e C E R : d e u t e r a t e d
C H 0 L : P A mixture has similar phase behaviour. We suggest t h a t
SC membranes may not conform to the 'fluid mosaic' model.
= a0 + a 2 P 2 (cos/?) + a4P4(cos0)
An N M R Study of t h e Effects of Hydration on
Phospholipid Bilayers. I R E N E LEES and C L A R E M O R R I S O N ,
Dept. of Physics, U.B.C. - A polymer, polyethylene glycol ( P E G ) ,
was used to regulate hydration in phospholipid bilayers composed
of l,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine ( D P P C ) or 1,2dimyristoyl-jn-glycero-3-phosphocholine ( D M P C ) . To allow an
anisotropic relaxation study of the samples, t h e bilayers were
oriented between glass slides to remove the effects of diffusion.
T h e a m o u n t of water on the bilayers was regulated by varying
the concentration of P E G (between 5 and 80 wt. %) surrounding
t h e stacks of glass slides. T h e purpose of this study was to characterize the dehydration caused by the addition of a polymer.
To do this, the D P P C and D M P C molecules were deuterated in
all 13 positions of the headgroup to allow their examination under d e u t e r i u m NMR. Experiments were done to study how the
quadrupolar splitting of the deuterium nuclei, the phase transition t e m p e r a t u r e of the bilayer and t h e T ] and T 2 relaxation
times depended on the P E G concentration.
Behaviour of Solid Wood a n d Cell-Wall Water as a
Function of Moisture Content. A P r o t o n Magnetic Resonance
Study. C. A R A U J O " , S. A V R A M I D I S " and A. MacKAY",
Depts. of 'Physics and " W o o d Sci., U.B.C - Nuclear magnetic
S c a t t e r i n g S t u d i e s of B i n a r y F l u i d s in Silica G e l s . *
B.J. FRISKEN, S i m o n F r a s e r U n i v e r s i t y , DAVID S. CANNELL,
U . C . S a n t a B a r b a r a , and M.Y. LIN and S.K. SINHA, E x x o n
R e s e a r c h a n d E n g i n e e r i n g . - Light 1 and small angle neutron
scattering studies of binary mixtures in silica gels have been carried
out. Scattering studies of the structure measure the response of the
fluid to the silica gel and show that the response can be understood
quantitatively in terms of linear response theory, provided one associates a field with the gel which is proportional to the local silica
density. Dynamic light scattering studies have also been carried
out for one system. They probe the effects of the gel network on
the amplitude and temporal behavior of the critical
fluctuations.
Well away from the critical point, the order parameter correlation
function is single exponential and the decay rate for order parameter fluctuations is unaffected by the gel. Near the critical point,
the order parameter correlation function is no longer single exponential. When the system reaches conditions where the correlation
length of the pure system is comparable to the mesh size of the gel,
it appears to spontaneously order.
' B . J . Frisken, F. Ferri, and D.S. Cannell, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66,
1754 (1991); B.J. Frisken and D.S. Cannell, ibid. 69, 632 (1992).
' S u p p o r t e d by NSF grant DMR90-180S9 and NSERC.
(1)
where 0 is the angle between the director (normal to the bilayer)
a n d t h e static magnetic field and the P,(cos/3)s are Legendre
polynomials. T h e coefficients ctj are functions of the spherical
order parameters, S2o and S40, and reduced spectral densities,
j(u>0) a n d j(2u>o), which depend of the type and r a t e of motion.
Oriented m e m b r a n e samples were used to measure t h e orientation dependence of T l 2 and T 1 ? . T h e d a t a were fitted to
equation 1 and t h e order parameters and reduced spectral densities extracted. Some possible models for the motions of P O P C
and P O P C / C h o l mixtures will be given. This analysis is an alternative to the method of simulating partially relaxed powder
spectra using computer models.
[1] C. Morrison and M. Bloom, J. Magn. Reson. (in press).
PE4
peg
Molecular Motions of Lipid and Cholesterol
Mixtures via 2 H N M R T , Relaxation. C L A R E M O R R I S O N ,
M Y E R B L O O M . Dept. of Physics, U.B.C. - T h e molecular motions of the acyl chains of P O P C and P O P C / c h o l e s t e r o l model
m e m b r a n e s in t h e lamellar phase were investigated using deuterium spin-lattice relaxation, T I 2 and T ) s . T h e most general
form of the orientation dependence of the relaxation r a t e for
axially symmetric motions was used [1].
^
PE3
resonance lineshape second moments of the solid protons and
spin-spin relaxation times, T 2 , of the bound water in lodgepole pine heartwood have been measured at 30°C for a range of
moisture contents, mainly in the hygroscopic range. T h e second
moment of the solid protons for oven dry wood was found to be
about 23% lower t h a n the rigid lattice calculation, indicative
of a rigid s t r u c t u r e with some anisotropic molecular motion of
the polymeric constituents. Above 5% M, the second moment
decreased by a f u r t h e r 13 to 16% implying a "loosening" of the
molecules in the solid with increased moisture content. T h e
T 2 of the bound water increased with moisture content, and
provided no evidence of separate hydration and solution water
fractions as predicted by isotherm theories. T h e N M R measured
fibre saturation point of 27% agreed with the value calculated
by the Hailwood-Horrobin isotherm model.
PE6
Critical Dynamics and Universality in Kinetic Ising Models
without Translational Invariance.
B.W. S O U T H E R N and Y.
ACHIAM, University of Manitoba, Canada. The critical dynamics of the Glauber-Ising model on non-translationally invariant lattices is studied. Both a quasi- periodic and a fractal geometry
are considered. T h e distribution of inverse relaxation times p(\)
is calculated using a generating function method. The distribution
consists of bands with an internal self-similar structure. In the limit
\ —> 0, p ( l ) diverges with a universal exponent related to the dynamic critical exponent z. The width of the lowest frequency band
is determined by a non-universal bare time scale, which is related
to the presence of metastable states.
Structures of Solid Deuterium Bromide and
Deuterium Iodide.
A. IKRAM and B.H. TORRIE,
University of Waterloo. B.M. POWELL, AECL
Research - The structures of the three phases
of DBr and DI were determined using neutron
powder
profile
techniques.
The
highest
temperature phases are cubic, Fm3m, with the
deuteriums in 12-fold disordered
positions
about
the
halogens.
The
intermediate
temperature phases are orthorhombic, Cmca,
with
the deuteriums
in 2-fold
disordered
positions about the halogens in the mirror
planes.
In the lowest temperature phase of
DBr, molecular ordering results in zig-zag
chains of molecules in the mirror planes of an
orthorhombic structure with space group Cmc2,.
Molecular ordering appears in a different way
in
DI
giving
distorted
diamonds
(almost
squares),
rather
than
chains,
and
the
rotational sense within the diamonds differs
from one plane to the next.
Molecules point
6.27° away from the lines joining the iodines.
The structure is triclinic, with space group
PI.
mai 1993
83
MONDAY, JUNE 14: 1 8 0 0 h +
(South Concourse)
PHASE T R A N S I T I O N S
The heat capacity data are analyzed in terms of predictions of
renormalization group theory. This analysis shows that the
critical behaviour of Gd is consistent with the picture of a
complex critical behaviour consisting of a series of crossovers
dictated by the interplay between s h o r t - r a n j e and magneticdipolar interactions.
Li«MnaQ*:
A LATTICE OAS SYSTEM ON A
D I A M O N D LATTICE.
JAN N. REIMERS, W U LI, J. R.
DAHN,
Simon Fraser University.
W. R. MCK1NNON,
National Research Council of Canada and J. M. T A R A S C O N ,
Bellcore.
—
L i x M n 2 0 4 is an important cathode material
used for advanced lithium battery applications. When lithium
is electrochemically removed from L i M n 2 0 4 , accurate lithium
chemical potentials, /!(*), can be measured as a function of
composition x.
For x = 1 the lithium ions form a diamond
lattice.
A simple lattice gas model is used to explain the
chemical potential,
H(x),
and to understand recent insitu
X-ray diffraction results.
PE1 2
PE9
PE1 0
A Lattice-Gas Model Approach to Understanding the
Structures of Lithium Transition Metal Oxides (LiMO?) W . Li, J.
N. Reimers, and J. R. Dahn Department of Physics Simon Fraser
U n i v e r s i t y — M a n y Lithium Transition Metal O x i d e s ( L i M 0 2
M = T i , V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) have structures m a d e up of oxygen
a t o m s occupying a cubic close packed fee or distorted fee lattice,
with cations occupying all octahedral interstices 1 . The cation lattice
is therefore also fee and the arrangements of the cations on that
lattice can be studied with a lattice-gas model. The LiNiQ2, layered
L i C o 0 2 , spinel L i C o 0 2 , Li2Ti2Û4 and y - L i F e 0 2 structures are
predicted for appropriate values of I s ' ( / ; ) and 2 n d (J2) neighbor
interactions within such a model. W e are able to assign allowable
r a n g e s f o r the interactions for each of the oxides a b o v e based on
their position in the J1-J2-T phase diagram. A surprising result is
that the layered and spinel L i C o O î structures are equally stable over
the s a m e wide range of Ji and J2• Although LiMnC>2 is structurally
related to the above materials, the L i M n 0 2 structure is not stable for
a n y c h o i c e of J j , J2 or T. Further n e i g h b o r i n t e r a c t i o n s or
anisotropics in the near neighbor interactions are needed to stabilize
the L i M n 0 2 structure.
1
T . A. H e w s t o n and B. L. Chamberland, J. Phys. C h e m . Solids
4S, 97 (1987).
Details of the Magnetic Phase Diagram of H o l m i u m f r o m
Neutron Diffraction in b-Axis Fields*. D.A. T I N D A L L , Physics
Dept Dalhousie Univ.. Halifax. NS. M.O. S T E I N I T Z , Physics Dept.
Saint Francis Xavier Univ., Antigonish, N S and T . M . H O L D E N ,
A E C L Research. Chalk River. O N - W e report the results of recent
experiments, measuring the intensity and position of the satellites
arising f r o m the helimagnetic structure of H o l m i u m in a magnetic
field of three Tesla applied along the b-axis, concentrating on lock-in
effects at c o m m e n s u r a t e values of the spiral wave-vector, x. W e
c o n f i r m our earlier observation of the lock-in at x = 5/18 (rather than
the value of 8/29 suggested by Tarvin and Eckert 1 ) near the Neel
Temperature of 132K, and report the first observation of a two-phase
region between this locked-in phase and the incommensurate phase
just below it in temperature. T h e latter observation may have
significant influence on interpretation of the phase diagram mapped
out earlier using magnetization measurements 2 .
* Supported in part by N S E R C
'J. A. Tarvin and J. Eckert, Solid State C o m m . , 30, 375 (1979).
F. Willis, N. Ali, M . O. Steinitz, M. Kahrizi, and D. A. Tindall, J.
Appl. Phys. 67, 5277 (1990).
2
PE1 1
Critical Heat Capacity of Gadolinium.
G. B E D N A R Z " , D . J . W . G E L D A R T " and M . A . W H I T E ' . ' D e p t .
of Chemistry and b Dept. of Physics. Dalhousie University High-resolution A C calorimetric data near the Curie point are
reported for several single crystals of gadolinium. These
measurements showed that the A C calorimeter used permits the
measurement of very small samples ( < 20 mg) with temperature
resolution of a few mK and sensitivity of around 0 . 2 %. This
calorimeter can also be used to obtain information about critical
behaviour of the thermal diffusivity. T h e critical temperature
and the shape of the heat capacity curve for Gd near T c depend
on the sample preparation procedure, including heat treatments.
84
Physics in Canada
May 1993 .
The Chaotic Dynamics of the Double
Pendulum.*
S T E P H E N S. K1PP and M. K E R A M A T ALI,
University of Lethhridpe
T h e chaotic behaviour of the
ideal, undriven double pendulum is illustrated by using the
Poincaré surface of section technique. W e show the transition
from limiting integrable motion through ' w e a k ' chaos to
almost ' h a r d ' chaos that is characteristic of this generic
Hamiltonian system. The route to chaos taken by the double
pendulum is also discussed.
* Supported financially by an N S E R C grant.
PF
SURFACE SCIENCE
PF1
A new material with a "house of cards" structure for storage
of hydrogen. B.K. M I R E M A D I , S. R O Y M O R R I S O N and K.
C O L B O W - Simon Fraser University. For safe storage of gaseous
fuels, a material is needed that will adsorb large quantities of the gas
in a minimum volume. T o meet this objective we have developed a
material with a structure characterized by single layers of M0S2 or
WS2, in a porous house of cards structure (HOC). Using a
temperature programmed desoiption (TPD) system with an attached
mass-spectrometer, hydrogen adsorbs on the H O C structure as
MOS2-Hj with x = l at 2 5 ' C and up to 2 at 2 0 0 ' C and 1.5 atm.
When Pt or Pd catalysts are added, the storage capacity increased to
MoS 2 -Pto.iH3. 8 and MoS2-Pdo.2Hs.5 at 2 0 0 ' C and 1.5 atm. The
large storage capacity observed is likely in part due to the adsorption
by the catalysts. Employing a more practical high pressure system,
a lower storage capacity was found at 25'C and 2 5 atm. However,
a mutual enhancement between Pd and Mg as storage catalyst
appears promising.
PG
INDUSTRIAL AND APPLIED PHYSICS
The Effect of Boron Substitution on the
Intercalation of Lithium into Carbons. B.M. Way and
J.R.Dahn,
Simon
Fraser
Univ.
Carbons
are
currently the focus of a great deal of attention in
the rechargeable battery field. A new type of cell,
called "lithium ion" or "rocking chair", shuttles
lithium
ions
back
and
forch
between
two
intercalation hosts. The voltage of the cell is the
result of the differing potentials of the ions in
the two lattices. The anode in such a cell is
presently some type of disordered carbon. In order
to adjust the voltage of the cell, we have used
chemical vapor deposition to make a carbon material
in which up to 20% of the carbon is replaced
substitutional^ by boron. The effect of varying
boron concentration in B^C^ x on the voltage and
reversible capacity of lithium intercalation cells
is studied.
M O N D A Y , JUNE 14:
1800 h +
(South Concourse)
Autofluorescence from naturally-occurring fluorophores in specimens
is probably the most important optical imaging mode in biological confocal
microscopy, because it is more sensitive and specific than reflection or
transmission modes. We have investigated cross-sections of coronary arteries
containing atherosclerotic plaques.
Spatially and spcctrally-rcsolvcd
aulofluorescencc measurements of the arteries have been made with UV laser
excitation at 325 nm, to observe the distributions of lipid, calcium, and collagen
in the plaques. Preliminary results have shown that room temperature
measurements yield very broad, featureless spectra.
Low temperature
measurements (77 K) are expccted to narrow the spectral peaks and increase
the signal-to-noise ratio so that the plaque compounds can be identified from
the sharper peaks Autofiuorescence images and spcctra from room temperature
and low temperature measurements will be presented for comparison.
• supported by an NSERC strategic grant + US Paient 5,192,980(1993)
INDUSTRIAL A N D APPLIED PHYSICS
PG2
p(33
Lithium
Intercalation
in
Carbonaceous
Materials
Prepared
by
the
Decomposition
of
Nitrogen Containing Precursors. W. WEYDANZ and
J.R.DAHN, Simon Fraser Univ. - The intercalation
of lithium in nitrogen containing carbonaceous
materials is examined.
Materials prepared by the
thermal decomposition of acetonitrile, AN, or
pyridine and by reacting acetylene and ammonia are
used as electrodes in Li cells, to measure the
irreversible capacity associated with the first
intercalation of Li and the subsequent reversible
specific capacity.
Materials made from AN show
large irreversible capacités on the first cycle.
For these a model is presented, involving the
reaction of lithium with the nitrogen in the
compound.
Several spectroscopy techniques were
used to support the model.
PG6
A STUDY OF SiC POLYTYPES USING A SCANNING LASER
PHOTOLUMINESCENCE MICROSCOPE. J.W. Bowron, S. Damaskinos,
A.E. Dixon, Department of physics. University of Waterloo - Silicon carbide
(SiC) is a technologically interesting material due to its wide energy band-gap,
high breakdown elcctric field, higli thermal conductivity, chemical stability and
mechanical hardness'. SiC can have either a cubic or hexagonal structure,
however a large number of crystallographic forms (called polytypes) are
possible due to different stacking sequences of Si and C atomic double layers.
A major problem with this material has been the ability to grow large single
crystal, single polytype wafers. A spatially resolved evaluation technique to
examine the uniformity of SiC wafers and to identify different polytypes would
be useful to SiC crystal growers.
It has been found that variations in the optical properties of different
polytypes can be measured using our scanning laser microscope^. These
optical properties include reflected light, transmitted
light
and
photolumincscence at either room temperature or liquid nitrogen temperature.
In this paper we will present results of optical measurements that can be used to
distiguish between polytypes.
These results are correlated with x-ray
diffraction measurements performed at specific points on the sample.
1- M. Rahman. S. Furukawa. "Silicon Carbide Turns on its Power". IEEE
Circuits and Dcvices, 22-26, 1992.
2- J Bowron, S. Damaskinos, A.E. Dixon, "A new spectrally resolved confocal
scanning laser microscope", SPIE Vol.1556 Scanning Microscopy
Instrumentation. 124-135, 1991.
A New Application of the Double-Reflection and Transmission
Confocal Scanning Laser Microscope: Fluorescence Imagina of paper
libers*. S. Damaskinos, A. Ribes, and A.E. Dixon, Department of Physics.
University of Waterloo. D. Qi, T. Uesaka, Puln and Paper Research Institute
of Canada. Pointe Claire, Quebec - The new confocal scanning laser
transmission microscope"*" (CSLTM) at the University of Waterloo has the
unique capability of being able to image a specimen from both the top and the
bottom in reflection or fluorescence, in addition to imaging in transmission.
Confocal fluorescence microscopy is often used to image paper fibers.
The depth discrimination of a confocal microscope allows individual fibers to
be imaged al a depth of up to 60 pm inside the specimen. The unique ability
of the CSLTM to image paper from both sides effectively doubles the depth
inside the sample at which one can produce high contrast images. Preliminary
results of fluorescence measurements on paper with two matched objective
lenses (numerical aperture=0.7) have shown that individual fibers near the
center of a 150 pm thick specimen can be clearly imaged. Further investigation
using oil immersion objective lenses is underway.
•Supported by NSERC Stratégie Grant
PH
PH1
+Patent pending
OPTICAL PHYSICS
Time Evolution of an Optically induced
Diffraction Grating. P. Rochon 1 , J. Mao 1 ,
A. Natansohn 2 , S. Xie 2 , 1. Phys. Dept. Royal
Military College of Canada. Kingston. Ont.
2.
Chem Dept. Queen's U.. Kingston. Ont.
Azopolymers have been shown to exhibit long term
optically induced changes in their optical
properties, in particular induced birefringence
PG4
Confocal
Scanning
Fingerprints. K M
Laser
MACROscope*:
Beesley,
S
Imaging
Damaskinos
and
A
of
and dichroism.
E
be quite substantial thus making these
D i x o n , G u e l p h - W a t e r l o o P r o g r a m f o r G r a d u a t e W o r k in
Physics.
Waterloo
Campus-
The
scanning
These effects have been found to
photosensitive polymer films of interest to the
laser
photonics and optical imaging industry.
M A C R O s c o p e is a n e w s c a n n i n g b e a m c o n f o c a l i m a g i n g
We
present here a study of the time evolution of an
s y s t e m with a 3 inch field o f v i e w that f o r m s a 5 1 2 x 5 1 2
optically induced phase grating on films of
i m a g e in 5 s e c o n d s
pDRIA and present a model which simulates the
This p a p e r d e s c r i b e s t h e a p p l i c a t i o n
of the MACROscope"1" to form images of both
fingerprints
and t h e p a t t e r n o n t h e f i n g e r itself.
behaviour of the grating efficiency in a
latent
saturable imaging medium.
Images of
latent f i n g e r p r i n t s will b e p r e s e n t e d u s i n g b o t h reflected
light
and
fluorescence
as
contrast
F i n g e r p r i n t s f r o m t h e f i n g e r itself will b e
mechanisms.
demonstrated
b o t h with t h e finger p r e s s e d against a g l a s s p l a t e and f o r a
f i n g e r in air
In this last a p p l i c a t i o n t h e c o n f o c a l n a t u r e o f
t h e M A C R O s c o p e is i m p o r t a n t in r e j e c t i n g o u t o f f o c u s
information.
* - supported by N S E R C
+
Patent Pending.
Spectrally-Resolved Confocal Microscopy*:
Measurements of
Plaques in Human Coronary Arteries
E. SIT, J.W. BOWRON, S
DAMASKINOS, and A.E DIXON, Department of Physics. University of
Waterloo. B WILSON, Hamilton Regional Cancer Centre - Fluorescence
imaging using a confocal scanning laser microscope (CSLM) provides an
important means of non-destructive probing of biological specimens
The
spatially-resolved CSLM at the University of Waterloo includes an integrated
scanning grating monochromator, with the optical system arranged such that
the illuminated spot on the specimen acts like the entrance slit, and the
confocal pinhole acts like the exit slit, of the monochromator"1".
PH2
Analyse des effets transverses du c h a m p optique d ' u n e diode
laser " B r o a d - A r e a " en cavité externe.
S. M a i l h o t et N. M c C a r t h y ,
C O P L , D é p . d e p h y s i q u e . U n i v e r s i t é L a v a l - L e s lasers à s e m i conducteurs de type: "Broad-Area" (BA), suscitent beaucoup
d ' i n t é r ê t p o u r l e u r f a i b l e c o û t et leur p u i s s a n c e r e l a t i v e m e n t é l e v é e .
T o u t e f o i s , à c a u s e d e leur g r a n d e d i m e n s i o n latérale, ils é m e t t e n t
f a c i l e m e n t p l u s i e u r s m o d e s t r a n s v e r s e s l o r s q u e le c o u r a n t est é l e v é .
C e l a d i m i n u e la c o h é r e n c e s p a t i a l e et élargit le c h a m p l o i n t a i n d u
faisceau émis.
N o u s p r é s e n t o n s les r é s u l t a t s d e s i m u l a t i o n
n u m é r i q u e d e d i o d e laser ( B A ) e n r é g i m e linéaire à p a r t i r d e la
m é t h o d e d e p r o p a g a t i o n d e f a i s c e a u ( B P M ) et d e l ' a l g o r i t h m e d e
P r o n y . N o u s m o n t r o n s q u ' i l p e u t ê t r e très a v a n t a g e u x d ' o p é r e r c e
type de laser avec une cavité externe à géométrie instable. L ' a j o u t
d ' u n e telle c a v i t é a u g m e n t e d ' u n e part la d i s c r i m i n a t i o n e n v e r s les
m o d e s t r a n s v e r s e s s u p é r i e u r s et p e r m e t d ' o b t e n i r d e s p r o f i l s d e
f a i s c e a u très i n t é r e s s a n t s . P l u s i e u r s c o n f i g u r a t i o n s d e c a v i t é e x t e r n e
seront comparées.
La P h y s i q u e a u C a n a d a
mai 1 9 9 3
85
(South Concourse)
The
Dissociative
Recombination
of
a3S*HeH** J.B.A. MITCHELL, M. CHIBXSOV, and F.B.
YOUSIF. University of Western Ontario. London.
Canada.
Previous studies in our laboratory 1
indicated
a
large
cross
section
for
the
dissociative
recombination
of
HeH*.
A
reexamination of this process involving high
resolution measurements over a wide energy range
and concurrent theoretical analysis has led to
the conclusion that the measured recombination
at low energies is attributable to the presence
of metastable triplet states of HeH* in the ion
beam. When these states are quenched by electron
exchange reactions in the ion source, the low
energy cross sections disappear.
OPTICAL PHYSICS
PH3
Maxwellian Theory of Single Slit Diffraction and Double
Slit Interference. S.Jeffers, J.Sloan, G . H u n t e r , * and
R.D.Presser, York University. Toronto - Maxwell's equations
have been solved for diffraction of a plane wave incident upon
single and double slits, the geometry of the screen providing the
boundary conditions. This theory yields the full vector solution
(amplitude, phase, and Poynting vector) for any distance and angle
from the diffracting aperture. This exact, vector solution yields the
same intensity (amplitude 2 ) as classical scalar theory at distances of
more than several wavelengths from the screen. The theory allows
the two slits to be unequal in width, thus allowing for a continuous
transition between the one and two-equal slit cases. The doubleslit solutions display the well-known characteristic interference
fringes, and yet the Poynting vector (direction of energy flow)
never crosses the plane of symmetry between the two slits. The
amplitude, intensity, phase and Poynting vector have been plotted
for a wide range of distances, angles and relative slit intensities.
These predictions of in-principle exact theory are being
corroborated by measurements within experimentally accessible
parameter ranges.
Supported by US AFOSR and Canadian NSERC
F.B. Yousif and J.B.A. Mitchell Phys. Rev.
40, 4318, 1989.
p|4
A highv accurate interatoaic potential
for argon.'
RONALD A. AZIZ, Department of
Physics. University of Waterloo - A modified
potential based on the individually damped HFD
(Hartree-Fock Dispersion) model of Douketis,
Scoles, Marchetti, M. Zen and Thakkar (J.
Chem. Phys. 7 6 ,
3057 (1982)) is presented
which
clearly
fits
the
highly
accurate
vibration-rotation
spectrum
of
Herman,
LaRocque and Stoicheff (J. Chem. Phys. 8 9 ,
4535 (1988)) within experimental error. (The
commonly
used
HFD-B
form
does
not
seem
flexible
enough
to
fit
the
u.v.
laser
spectroscopy data.) It is then shown that this
potential predicts a large nunber of other
properties as well. This potential represents
the most accurate characterization of the
argon interaction.
* Presented by G.Hunter
PI
ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS
P11
Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of the Swan System of C, and
the Red System of CN. C.V.V.PRASAD and P.F.BERNATH, U. of
Waterloo - The Swan (d 3 Il g - a 3 Il u ) system of the C 2 molecule was
produced in a jet-cooled corona excited supersonic expansion of
helium using diazoacetonitrile as a precursor molecule.
This
spectrum was recorded with the McMath Fourier transform
spectrometer of the National Solar Observatory at Kitt Peak. A total
of 10 bands with v' = 0 to 3 and v" = 0 to 4 in the range 1657022760 cm' 1 were observed and rotationally analyzed, "hie Swan
system of C j was also produced in a composite wall hollow cathode,
made of A14CJ. The data obtained from both the spectra were fitted
together along with some recent data available in the literature. In
the same spectrum 27 bands of the red ( A 2 ^ - X 2 ! * ) system of CN
with v' = 8 to 21 and v" = 1 to 11 (LeBlanc bands) were also
observed. The data from the red system were fitted along with those
of the violet (B 2 Z + - X2Z*~) system, infrared vibration-rotation data,
and the microwave data. The results obtained from the analyses of
the Swan system of C j and the red system of CN are presented here.
The gamma (A;E+ - X 2 n r ) system of the nitric
oxide isotopomers.* DUANXIANG WANG, C. HARIDASS and
S. P. REDDY, Memorial Universiry o f NflH - The spectra
of the gamma (A2E+ - X 2 n r ) system of this isotopic molecules ' V ' O , 15 N 18 0, j *N 18 0 and 15 N 18 0, excited in the
anode glow of a two-column hollow-cathode discharge
tube, were recorded in the spectral region 2140-2730 Â
under medium resolution. The rotational structure of
the 0-1, 0-2 and 0-3 bands of 1 5 N 1 8 0 recorded under high
resolution was analyzed. Brown's effective Hamiltonian
was used to obtain the molecular constants from the data
of these three bands, and these constants were "merged"
together to obtain a unique set of constants for the X2IT
and A 2 Z+ states of 1 5 N 1 8 0. Some of the derived
constants of the X 2 n state of 1 5 N 1 8 0 in units of cm"1
(except r e in A) are: u e = 1819.15(1), tuexe = 12.870(2),
B e = 1.55644(4), a e = 0.015343(5), D e x 106 = 4.5574(3),
and re - 1.15056(1); and for the A2E+ state of 15 N 18 0,
B 0 = 1.81349(4) and D 0 x 106 = 4.80(2). Vibrational
constants of the X and A states of 11*N160, 1 5 N 1 6 0 and
1u 18
N 0 were also obtained.
*
Supported by NSERC Grant No. A-2440.
" Supported by NSERC.
pig
Line Mixing and
State—to-State
Rotational
Relaxation Rates in D? Determined from the Raman Q Branch.
A. D. May*, P.M. Sinclair, J.W
Fcrsman and
JR.
Drummond*, Dept. of Physics, University of Toronto. —Precise line shape measurements of the Q(0) to Q(4) lines in D2
have been made using Raman gain spectroscopy. At the
densities studied (2.5 to 30 amagat) the Q branch lines are well
separated but slightly asymmetric due to quantum—mechanical
line mixing. We have measured both the symmetric and the
asymmetric contribution to the line shape as a function of
density. From the broadening coefficients and the line mixing
parameters we have deduced the dephasing and
the
state—to—state rotational relaxation rates Semi—quantitatively,
the results support the empirical modified exponential gap
(MEG) law. We believe this is the first time that state—to—state
rates have been measured using cw spectroscopy in a bulk
sample.
*
Associated with the Ontario Laser and Lightwave Research
Centre
PI6
A
Spectroscopic
Techniqt e
for
Dynamic
Measurements of Temperature and Pressure. R. Berman, P.
Duggan, M.P. Le Flohic, A.D. May* and J.R. Drummond*, Dept.
of 1'hvsics, University of Toronto - A method for making
dynamic measurements of the temperature and pressure of a
cyclically varying gas sample with temporal resolution of 1ms has
been developed. A tunable difference frequency infrared
spectrometer was used to measure the strengths of two
vibrorotational lines with differing temperature dependencies. The
ratio of die two line strengths was used to determine the
temperature to ±1°C. The pressure was detennined directly from
strength measurements to ±2%. Results from measurements made
on a pressure modulator radiometer instrument for CO gas and
water vapour are presented.
'Associated with The Ontario Laser and Lightwave Research
Centre.
86
Physics in Canada
May 1993
MONDAY, JUNE 14:
1800 h +
(South Concourse)
A T O M I C A N D M O L E C U L A R PHYSICS
PI 7
9
9
9
PJ
PHYSICS EDUCATION
PJ1
Classical Model for Spin-orbit
Interaction. P. Rochon and A. Lachaîne, Phys.
Dept.. Royal Military College of Canada.
Kingston. Ont. We have recently shown that a
simple model where relativistic effects are
applied to a classical object submitted to a
central force predicts that the total energy of
the object includes a term which corresponds to
a spin-orbit interaction. The model shows that
the spin-orbit interaction is not intrinsically
an electromagnetic effect. We summarize the
model and show that it can be used as a
semiclassical model to predict the spin-orbit
interaction observed in atomic and nuclear
physics.
PK
PLASMA PHYSICS
8
Analysis of the 3d ns(n=5.6). 3d 5p. 3d 4f and 3d 4s4p
configurations of five times Ionized Arsenic (As VI)*.
A.N.
R Y A B T S E V and R.R. G A Y A S O V , Institute of Spectroscopy.
Russian Academy of Sciences. Troitsk. M o s c o w Region 142092.
Russia. Y.N. J O S H I and G.J. V A N H E T H O F , Physics D e p a n m e n t .
St. Francis Xavier University. Antigonish, NS. Canada B 2 G ICO T h e spectrum of arsenic was photographed in the 100 - 1250 Â
region on grazing and normal incidence spectrographs. T h e spectrum
of As VI was extended. Seven out of eight levels of the 3d 9 (5s+6s)
configurations, 12 out of 12 levels of the 3d 9 5p configuration, 13 out
of 20 levels of the 3d 9 4f configuration and 35 levels belonging to the
3d s 4s4p configuration have been established. Least-Square-Fitted
parametric calculations involving configuration interactions both in
even and odd parity systems were carried out to adequately interpret
the spectrum. One hundred thirty-two additional lines were classified
in As VI spectrum. New value of the ionization limit: As VII 3d 9
2
D M is 9 7 7 5 0 0 c m ' (121.17 eV).
"Supported by N S E R C
PK1
PI8
Beam-Laser Lifetime Measurements for the 5p Levels in
Cd II*. B . G U O , J.J. V A N H U N E N , E . H . P I N N I N G T O N A N D
R.W. B E R E N D S , Physics D e p a r t m e n t . University of Alberta Measurements of the lifetimes of resonance levels in ions belonging
to t h e silver i s o e l e c t r o n i c s e q u e n c e p e r m i t tests of q u a n t u m
mechanical calculations of atoms having a single valence electron
outside a large core. Already by 1979, Migdalek and Baylis 1 had
showed that including core effects could reduce the resonance 5s-5p
multiplet f-value by as much as 4 0 % . W e have used laser-inducedfluorescence in a b e a m of fast C d + ions (~0.7mm/ns) to measure the
l i f e t i m e s of the t w o 5p levels in Cd II, o b t a i n i n g the v a l u e s
3 . 1 3 ± . 0 6 n s and 2 . 7 5 ± 0 . 0 8 n s f o r the j = l / 2 and j = 3 / 2 l e v e l s
respectively.
T h i s yields an experimental value of 0.748±0.015 f o r
the 5s-5p f - v a l u e , to be c o m p a r e d with the single-configuration
relativistic H a r t r e e - F o c k values 0 . 6 9 ' ( w i t h ) and 1.20 1 ( w i t h o u t
core-polarization corrections). Details of these measurements, as
well as a comparison with other (less accurate) experiments and with
a variety of calculations, will be presented.
' M i g d a l e k , J. and Baylis, W.E., J.Q.S.R.T. 22, 113 (1979).
Present address: INRS-Energie, Varennes, Quebec,
Canada J3X 1S2
• R e s e a r c h supported by N.S.E.R.C.
PI9
Raman Micro-analysis of Polymers, X.J. G u ,
Ontario Laser and Lightwave Research Centre
- Raman spectra were studied in order to understand
the effects of U V irradiation on polyimide film. Microprobe was used to measure the spectra of selected
regions on the heterogeneous surface generated by
excimer laser irradiation. Changes in the chemical
structure upon UV irradiation were observed. A
possible mechanism responsible for the U V induced
conductivity increase is proposed. Raman spectra of
other polymers, such as P V C , metal co-ordinate
polymers, etc. will also be presented. This shows
that Raman microprobe has a great potential in the
analysis of the detailed structure of polymers.
X.J. G u , Appl. phys. Lett. 62(13). 1993
K e V X-rav Generation from Picosecond KrF LaserProduced Plasmas
R
Fedosejevs and J.N. Broughton ,
Department of Electrical Engineering. University of AlbertaE d m o n t o n . Canada The emission of x-rays in the photon energy
range o f 800-1400eV from plasmas produced on solid targets by
0.85, 2 and 90 picosecond KrF laser pulses with energies of l - 5 0 m J
has been studied experimentally One of the goals of this study w a s
to optimize such a source of keV x-rays for x-ray lithography
Peak conversion efficiencies of laser light into k e V x-ray emission
of 10-13% were obtained for Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn targets for
90ps, 50 mJ pulses
Shorter pulses with 2ps duration yielded
reduced x-ray conversion efficiencies o f 8 - 1 0 % which corresponded
to the reduced absorption measured at this pulse length
Even
shorter pulses of 850fs duration lead to reduced yields of 4 % for
35mJ pulses on copper targets
The results will be presented
together with some modelling calculations of x-ray emission using
the 1-D plasma simulation code, M U L T I , which includes radiation
hydrodynamics
PK2
X-rav Microscopy Employing a Scanning LaserPlasma Source
R
Bobkowski , R.Fedosejevs*, S.J.
Pfauntscht and A G. Michettet, *Department of Electrical
Engineering. University of Alberta. Edmonton. Canada and
t p h v s i c s Department. King's College. London. UK - A
scanning x-ray microscope system based on a fixed zone plate
x-ray optic and a moving laser-plasma x-ray source will be
described
The scanning is achieved by moving the source
plasma which, when demagnified by the fixed zone plate optic,
gives a scanning probe spot at the position of the sample. A
mode-locked 50 picosecond KrF laser is used to generate the
source plasma and filtered single line emission from either
carbon or fluorine targets is employed as the probe radiation
The transmitted x-rays are detected by an x-ray diode detector
and read into a PC computer which controls the target motion
A summary of the overall system performance and images
obtained from test specimens will be presented
mai 1 9 9 3
87
(South Concourse)
PLASMA PHYSICS
PL
PK3
PK4
Study of impurity production on TdeV bv means of mass
spectrometry C. LIU-HINZ, B. TERREAULT and TdeV TEAM,
Centre canadien de fusion magnétique and INRS. U. du Québec The analysis of residual gases by means of mass spectrometry
provides a powerful tool to investigate impurity production in a
tokamak. Several new techniques to control impurities have been
successfully implemented on TdeV (Tokamak de Varennes), with
which reductions of the fuel dilution and radiation losses in a fusion
plasma have been obtained. It is desirable to examine the behavior
of the impurities as influenced by these techniques. Firstly, it is
found that coating the surface of the main plasma chamber with a
thin layer of boron effectively reduces the oxygen content of the
plasma through the formation of a B 2 0 3 oxide on the treated
surfaces. Secondly, but more importantly, biasing the divertor plates
with respect to the walls produces an ExB drift in the scrape-off
layer which is found to favour particle flow to the divertor chamber,
resulting in reductions in the recycling of contaminants from the
main chamber walls. The details of how these techniques affect the
impurity production mechanisms as well as how they contribute to
reducing the impurity content of the main plasma will be presented.
Plasma Columns Formed bv Multiphoton Ionization of
Inert Gases from a Pulsed High Pressure Gas Jet.
Y. M. Li and
R. Fedosejevs, Department of Electrical Engineering. University of
Alberta. Edmonton. Canada. - Initial results from a study of
multiphoton ionization formed plasma channels of inert gases from
pulsed high pressure gas jets will be presented. A pulsed high
pressure gas jet is developed and characterized by interferometry.
The 3-D density profiles of the gas jet are obtained by deconvolving
the interferograms using Abel inversion. A 1 ps KrF laser with
energy up to 300 m j producing an intensity of 4 x 1 0 " W/cm 2 at
focus is used to ionize the inert gases. The visible emission from
the ionized volume is observed in the lateral direction. The selffocusing and diffraction of the laser beam near the focal point is
studied in order to search for optimum and stable conditions for
formation of elongated cold plasma channels. The object of this
study is to create electron density profiles which will guide and
confine the input laser beam leading to population inversion for
XUV lasers.
PL1
PL2
PARTICLE/NUCLEAR PHYSICS
M e a s u r e m e n t s of Th and U in Acrylic bv Neutron
A c t i v a t i o n . E. BONVIN, R. COLLINS, R.J.E. DEAL, E.D.
E A R L E , W.J. E D W A R D S and E.R. G A U D E T T E , A £ £ L
Research. Chalk R i v e r Components for the Sudbury
Neutrino
Observatory
must
have
very
low
c o n c e n t r a t i o n s of Th and U, whose radioactive daughters
a r e the m a j o r source of background. T h r e e techniques mass
spectrometry,
neutron
activation
and
alpha
spectroscopy - have been developed r . o measure these
r a d i o i s o t o p e s at the pg/g level in acrylic, the material
c h o s e n for the D 2 0
containment
vessel.
Neutron
a c t i v a t i o n of 1 kg s a m p l e s followed by vaporization of
the s a m p l e and g a m m a counting of the r e s i d u e is the
m o s t sensitive t e c h n i q u e with detection sensitivities of
0 . 0 5 pg of Th and 0.2 pg of U per g of a c r y l i c .
C o n t a m i n a t i o n i n t r o d u c e d during s a m p l e p r e p a r a t i o n is
excluded
by
milling
the
sample
surfaces
after
i r r a d i a t i o n . S N O has ordered 185 acrylic sheets from a
s u p p l i e r w h o s e test s a m p l e s c o n t a i n e d no detected T h
or U.
Si Diode Crvotrap lor Single Atom Radon Detection.
B. SUR. A E C L Research. Chalk River. E. B O N V I N and A
H A M E R , Queen's University. - The ultra low levels of ^^Th
and 3 8 ( j in the D p of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory will
be monitored by extracting radium on MnÛ2 filters and a counting the daughters, ^ f c n ( t i £ = 55.6 s; ^ ^ T h chain) and
222Rn ( t j £ = 3.8 d. Z^l' chain), emanating from these filters. A
1 c m 3 v a c u u m crvocell, with 5 0 % wall coverage bv a pair of
bare Si PIN photodiodes, efficiently traps and a-counts single
atoms of radon and its daughters. Energy resolution and time
correlation are used to identify the different isotopes. The cell
is essentially background free and has a projected sensitivity
of the equivalent of l O ' ^ g of Th and U per g of DÔ
S t i m u l a t e d R a m a n s c a t t e r i n g a n d e n h a n c e d seco n d a r y p a r a m e t r i c i n t e r a c t i o n s in l a s e r p r o d u c e d p l a s m a s .
T . K o l b e r , W . R o z m u s , Dept. of Phys. U of Alberta, V . T .
T i k h o n c h u k , P. N. Lebedev Phys. Inst. Russian Acad. Sci - T h e oretical and numerical calculations are performed using the system
of Zakharov and electromagnetic wave equations, to describe the
nonlinear behavior of stimulated R a m a n scattering (SRS) in a finite homogeneous plasma slab. The nonlinear enhancement of secondary scattering processes due to the SRS saturation is also investigated. Parametric decay of the resonantly driven Langmuir wave
provides a mechanism which saturates SRS and greatly broadens
the Langmuir and ion acoustic wave spectra. Such a process produces enhanced fluctuation levels from which secondary scattering
can occur. Scaling laws for enhanced Brillouin, forward Raman,
and blue shifted forward and backward R a m a n scattering as well
as criterion for their strong enhancement are given. T h e frequency
spectra of enhanced Brillouin scattering shows red and blue shifted
components, whose relative intensities depend on the plasma density. T h e numerical results compare well with experimental d a t a
providing new or alternate explanations for observations.
88
Physics in Canada
May 1993
PL3
Properties of the Photomulttplier Tubes to
be used in the SNO Detector. AKSEL HALLIN for the
SNO collaboration - The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory is a large, underground, heavy water Cerenkov
detector which
has been
designed to
answer
questions involving neutrino oscillations and the
solar neutrino problem. The SNO detector uses
about 10,000 PMTs and associated reflectors to
cover about 65% of the
surface area of the
detector. The photomultipliers are required to
have low noise, good timing, large surface area,
and to be sensitive to single photoelectrons. In
addition, tubes must have a very low level of trace
radioactivity and cannot require any maintenance
after prolonged use in a submarine environment.
We discuss the design, manufacture, and testing of
the photomultiplier tubes and bases, and will summarize the results of our electronic and long term
aging tests.
PARTICLE/NUCLEAR
(South Concourse)
PHYSICS
p|_7
A Low Background y-rny Counting Facility for Determining Th, U
and K in Materials for the Sudhury Neutrino Observatory.* E.D.
HALLMAN.
PL4
Electrostatic Technique for Background measurements for
the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory - T . C . ANDERSEN, K. CAMERON.
J.J. SIMPSON, AND J.X WANG. Dept. of Physics. University of Guclph. -
backgrounds
surrounding
D.L.
CLUFF,
Laurentian
U..
P.
e f f i c i e n t high p u r i t y g e r m a n i u m d e t e c t o r
S t a t i o n al the 4600 ft (1400 m) level
from
small
quantities
of
natural
radioisotopes
in
the
r o c k , the d e t e c t o r is s h i e l d e d w i t h a 5.1 c m l a y e r o f high p u r i t y
c o p p e r , s u r r o u n d e d by a 25.4 c m layer o f lead.
T o minimize the effects of
r a d o n in the l a b o r a t o r y a i r . a I m 1 P V C box e n c l o s i n g the d e t e c t o r and m o s t
of t h e s h i e l d i n g h a s been i n s t a l l e d , and d r y n i t r o g e n f r o m a l i q u i d n i t r o g e n
s t o r a g e d e w a r is f l u s h e d t h r o u g h at a rate o f several litres p e r
minute.
M a n n e l l i s a m p l e g e o m e t r i e s are used with v o l u m e s r a n g i n g f r o m 1 to 3
litres in size.
An i n - h o u s e M n O s t a n d a r d (I litre) is used
In g e n e r a l , b a c k g r o u n d g r o s s count rates near
with t h e b a c k g r o u n d - l i m i t e d detection
c l o s e to 1 n g / g tor T h
for calibration.
0.01 counts/sec are found,
s e n s i t i v i t i e s ( f o r I kg s a m p l e s ) b e i n g
a n d U (at g a m m a e n e r g i e s o f d e c a y c h a i n m e m b e r s )
and I n g / g f o r K ( f o r a s e v e n day c o u n t ) .
R e s u l t s f r o m a n u m b e r of high p u r i t y m a t e r i a l s w h i c h a r e c a n d i d a t e s f o r
S N O c o m p o n e n t s will be p r e s e n t e d .
* W o r k s u p p o r t e d by an N S E R C p r o j e c t g r a n t .
PL8
Performance of the TRIUMF Frozen Spin Target.
P.P.J.
Delheij. G. Anderson. J. Campbell, and W . D . Ramsey, TRIUMF and
University of Manitoba. - The large frozen spin target, containing
a sample of 35 c m * , 3 , was operated for five weeks during a test
of charge symmetry in elastic n-p scattering.
Every day the
polarization was reversed and consistently values near 0 . 9 were
obtained. After the polarization process, the magnetic field in the
target region was reduced f r o m 2.5 T to 0 . 2 2 T for a reduced
deflection of the recoiling protons. To obtain polarization relaxation
times of about 2 0 0 hours or more, the target temperature w a s
lowered to approximately 5 5 mK. In this situation an unpolarized
neutron beam is scattered from a polarized target. In the second
daily phase of the experiment a polarized neutron beam hits the
unpolarized proton target. During the depolarizing process it was
discovered that the relaxation time in very low ( < 0 . 0 0 3 T)
magnetic fields was longer by at least a factor 3 for positive proton
target polarization than for negative polarization. Data f r o m Saclay
and Cern are available for magnetic fields d o w n to 0 . 0 5 T and
extrapolation leads to a difference of about 2 0 percent.
So
surprisingly, energy f l o w s much faster into the proton spin system
than out of it.
PL9
The T — KV and r —TP Branching Ratios at the OPAL Detector
at LEP. Sherry Towers, University of Victoria - When a charged
particle traverses a gas, it ionizes the gas and loses a small amount
of energy in the process. The amount of energy lost depends upon
the speed of the particle.
In combination w i t h a m o m e n t u m
measurement, one can use the energy loss measurement t o
distinguish between charged particles of different masses. This
summary of recent w o r k done at the OPAL detector at LEP will
discuss ionization energy loss and then describe h o w this quantity
was used to distinguish between charged pions and kaons resulting
from tau lepton decays in order to determine the r~ — K - ^ and
T~ -» T~v, branching ratios. The branching ratios determined by this
procedure are B r , = 0 . 0 1 1 ± 0 . 0 0 3 and B r , , „ = 0 . 1 1 1 ±
0 . 0 0 6 , based upon approximately 23 t~ -» K~i>, and 3 7 0
-» T~V,
signal events taken f r o m a data sample of 2 3 0 0 0 tau candidate
decays observed w i t h the OPAL detector at the LEP
collider
during the years 1 9 9 0 and 1991. Current world averages for these
quantities are B r , , K , = 0 . 0 0 6 7 ± 0 . 0 0 2 3 and B r , , „ = 0 . 1 1 6 ±
0.004.
* Seconded to the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory Institute
as SNO Engineering Representative and Sudbury Site
Manager.
PL6
and
has b e e n installed in the S N O R e s e a r c h
The Design of the SNO Laboratory.
J.D. Hepburn
AECL Research* - Construction of the Sudbury Neutrino
Observatory (SNO) is now underway at the 6800 foot level
of INCO's Creighton Mine in Sudbury. This report
summarizes the now-complete laboratory design produced
by the Monenco-Agra/Canatom design team with extensive
input from SNO Collaboration scientists, INCO engineers,
and other consultants . Some geotechnical and seismic
aspects of the drifts, rooms and cavity, which were
designed and excavated by INCO, will also be described.
Construction of the conventional parts of the lab will
be complete by November 1993, and detector installation
will be complete by April 1995. Water fill will take a
further five months, so data taking will begin in the
fall of 1995.
+
CLOUTIER
ot the I N C O C r e i g h t o n M i n e near S u d b u r y , O n t a r i o . T o s u f f i c i e n t l y r e d u c e
The new capabilities o f the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory present new
experimental challenges In particular, the background for the neutral current
process must be both minimized and accurately known The main component
of the dctector(and source of background) is the lOOOt heavy water neutrino
target The heavy water will be kept at levels of Th and U o f 10"^ parts per
billion (by mass), some 105 times cleaner than ordinary water.
We have developed a technique to assay the thorium and radium levels
in water to the low levels required for the Sudbury detector. The method is
based on the electrostatic capture of the decay products of 2 2 0 R n and
the radon being obtained from a spécial filter which has had ~20t of
water passed through it. Our dctcctor uses an inexpensive silicon photo
diode, obtaining excellent energy resolution. Efficiencies have been improved
by a factor of two to five over similar dctcctors reported elsewhere.
Tests have been nin on the prototype water purification plant in
operation at Carleton University, Ottawa. First results indicate that the water
in the plant is at or below the levels required for successful operation of the
Sudbury dctcctor.
PL5
D.
J A G A M . U . o f G u e l p h . - A 55
The efforts of the entire SNO team are acknowledged.
T h e Crystal Barrel P r o g r a m at L E A R . A. J . N O B L E " ,
U n i v . Z u r i c h , representing
the
Crystal
Barrel
Collaboration
—
T h e C r y s t a l B a r r e l is a d e t e c t o r d e s i g n e d for m u l t i p a r t i c l e s p e c t r o s c o p y a t L E A R e n e r g i e s . A n t i p r o t o n s f r o m L E A R i n t e r a c t in
a l i q u i d h y d r o g e n t a r g e t . T h e r e a c t i o n p r o d u c t s a r e d e t e c t e d in
t h e C r y s t a l B a r r e l . It is a g e n e r a l p u r p o s e d e t e c t o r w h i c h c o m b i n e s e x c e l l e n t c a l o r i m e t r y a n d t r a c k i n g w i t h l a r g e solid
angle
coverage and good multiparticle separation. T h e Crystal Barrel
c o l l a b o r a t i o n ' s m a i n a i m is t h e s e a r c h for m i s s i n g qq
mesons,
g l u e b a l l s , h y b r i d s a n d m u l t i q u a r k s t a t e s . W e also s t u d y t h e a n nihilation d y n a m i c s a n d m e a s u r e r a t e s for r a r e or f o r b i d d e n processes. W e shall describe t h e C r y s t a l Barrel p r o g r a m , p r e s e n t i n g
a s e l e c t i o n of o u r r e c e n t r e s u l t s .
• C E R N P P E Division, C H - 1 2 1 1 G e n e v e 23, S w i t z e r l a n d .
La P h y s i q u e a u C a n a d a
mai 1993
89
Author Index / Index des Auteurs
ACHIAM, Y., PE6
ADAMS, R., HD2
AERS, G.C., PA2
AKIS, R., HG3
ALCOCK, A.J., JC2
ALLARD, L „ PA2
ALTENDORF, E., JB4
AMIT, R., JG1
ANDERSON, G., PL8
ANDERSON, G.W., PB3
ANDERSON, T.C., PL4
ANDERSON, W.G., FF2
ANDREWS, H.R., FE2
ANDREWS, H.R., HD6
ARAUJO, C., PE4
ARMSTRONG, D.S., HD4
ASHRIT, P.V., PB5
ATLAN, D., PB1
AVRAMIDIS, S., PE4
AZIZ, R.A., PI4
BADER, G., PB5
BALL, G.C., JD1, HD6
BALLENTINE, L „ EB1
BANCE, P.M., EE2
BARIBEAU, J.M., ED3
BARNES, C., HG3
BARNETT, B.M., LC7
BARRETTE, J., HD8, HD9
BAUER, J., HD4
BAYLIS, W.E., HE3
BEAUDOIN, Y., FD1
BEAULIEU, L., HD7
BECHHOEFER, J., JE5, LB6
BEDNARZ, G., PE11
BEESLEY, K.M., JH3, PG4
BELLERIVE, A., LC5
BENKHELIFA, F., PB5
BENSON, E., HB2
BERENDS, R.W., PI8
BEREZIN, A.A., PA12
BERMAN, R., EE4, PI6
BERNARD, J.E., JC2
BERNATH, P.F., PI1
BETTS, K., FE3
BEVERIDGE, J., LC2
BIRGENEAU, R.J., DA1
BLACKMORE, E.W., FE4
BLOOM, M., PE1, PE2
BOAL, D., JF3
BOBKOWSKI, R., PK2
BONIN, Y.R., JE8
BONN, D.A., JB3, JB6
BONVIN, E., PL1, PL2
BOSE, T.K., EE3
BOURBONNAIS, C., JB2
BOWRON, J.W., PG3, PG5
BRACK, J.T., HD2, HD3
BRACKHAUS, K., JG2
BRADY, P.R., FF2
BRAKE, D., PA4
BRASH, E.J., HD5
BREBNER, J.L., PA5
BRECKENRIDGE, J., JA5
BREWER, J.H., BB1
BRIDGER, P.M., HF3
BROCKMANN, P., PA8
90
Physics in Canada
May 1993 .
BRODIE, D.E., PA7
BROUGHTON, J.N., PK1
BROWN, J.S., HG2
BROWN, R., JG3
BUCHANAN, M., PA2
BUCHMANN, L., JD3
BURBANK, M., FE3
BURNETT, N., AA4
CAMERON, K., PL4
CAMPBELL, B.A., JA1
CAMPBELL, J., PL8
CANNELL, D.S., PE5
CANT, P., JF2
CARLONE, C., PA14
CELINSKI, Z., JE9
CHAKER, M., AA2, FD1, FD2
CHAMBERLAIN, S.G., HF1
CHAMBERS, S.A., ED2
CHANGKAKOTI, R., JH2
CHARBONNEAU, S., PA2
CHEN, X.K., JB4, PD3
CHEUNG, T., FE3
CHEYNE, D., FE3
CHIBISOV, M „ PI3
CHRZANOWSKI, J., PC2, PC3
CHUAQUI, C.E., EE1
CLOUTIER, D „ PL7
CLUFF, D.L., PL7
COCHRAN, J.F., HB7, JE9, PB6
COLBOW, K., FE5, HF4, JE2, PF1
COLLINS, R., PL1
COTE, C.Y., FD1
COUTURE, G., JA4
CRAGG, A., PC2, PC3
CRAIGEN, D.C., PD2
CROMAZ, M., HD6
CROZIER, E.D., AB4, JE8
CUMMINGS, W.J., HD5
CURZON, A.E., JE7, PC2
D'AURIA, J., HD10
D'IORIO, M., PA6
DA SILVA, L., FD3
DAHN, J.R., JE6, PE8, PE9, PG1,
PG2
DAMASKINOS, S., JH3, PG3, PG4,
PG5, PG6
DE BRUYN, J.R., LB3
DEAL, R.J.E., PL1
DECOSTE, R., HC2
DEGRAAF, J., HD6
DELHEIJ, P.P.J., HD5, LC3, PL8
DHARMA-WARDANA, M.W.C., PA1 5
DIXON, A.E., JH3, PG3, PG4, PG5,
PG6
DORE, D., HD7
DOYLE, D.J., KA1
DRAKE, T.E., HD6
DRAPER, T., JA2
DRUMMOND, J.R., PI5, PI6
DUESBERY, M.S., LB7
DUFOUR, P., LB5
DUGGAN, P., EE4, PI6
DULEY, W.W., HF3
DUNCAN, F., HD2
DUNN, I., HF3
DUNPHY, K., PD4
DUTCHER, J.R., LB4, PB3
EARLE, E.D., PL1
EARLE, P.C., EA4
EBERHARDT, W., AB1
EDWARDS, W.J., PL1
EGELSTAFF, P.A., BB2
EIX, S.L., EA2
ELDER, K.R., LD4
ELEZZABI, A.Y., BA3
ELIAS, V., JA5
ELMAHBOUBI, A., PB9
ENNS, R.H., EA2
ESKA, G., PC7
FAFARD, S., HB2, HG4, PA13
FALCONE, R.W., BA1
FEDOSEJEVS, R., PB7, PK1, PK2,
PK4
FELTHAM, A., HD2
FENSKE, D., PE1
FERGASON, D.J., JF4
FIFE, A.A., FE3, HF6, PC2, PC3
FJARLIE, E.J., EA4
FORSMAN, A., FD3
FORSMAN, J.W., EE4, PI5
FORSTER, J.S., FE2
FORTIER, N., PC2, PC3
FORTIN, E., HB2, PA13
FRANK, J., PD3
FRINDT, R.F., JE3
FRISKEN, B.J., PEE.
FROM, M., HB7, PB6
FULLER, E., JE6
GALE, C., FG2
GALINDO-URIBARRI, A., HD6
GARDNER, M., PC4
GAUDETTE, E.R., PL1
GAYASOV, R.R., PI7
GEGENBERG, J., FF1
GELDART, D.J.W., LA1, PE11
GETE, E., HD4
GIGAULT, C., LB4, PB3
GINGRINCH, D.M., FA2
GIROUARD, F., PB5
GORRINGE, T.P., HD4
GREEN, P.E.W., LC3
GRIFFIN, A., HG1
GRIFFITHS, K., PB3
GRUNZE, M., PC5
GU, X, PI9
GUMPLINGER, P., LC2
GUO, B., PI8
HABIB, F., PC2, PC3
HACKMAN, G., HD6
HAID, G., FE3
HALLETT, F.R., LB1, PD1
HALLIN, A., PL3
HALLMAN, E.D., PL7
HAMER, A., PL2
HARDY, W.N., JB*-, JB6
HARIDASS, C., PI2
HARRINGTON, D.A, JE4
HASINOFF, M., HD5
HAUGEN, H.K., FB3
HAUSSER, 0 . , HD5, LC3
HAWRYLAK, P., PA8
HE, X.F., PC7
HEINRICH, B., HB7, JE8, JE9, PB1,
PB2, PB6, PC2, PC3
HELMER, R., HD2, LC2
HENDERSON, R.S., HD5, LC3
HEPBURN, J.D., PL5
HERNANDEZ-CALDERON, I., PD5
HICKS, K., HD5
HIROSE, A., HC1
HODGSON, R.J.W., HF2
HOLDEN, T.M., PE10
HOLLDACK, K., PC5
HOMES, C.C., JB6
HOURRI, A., EE3
HUANG, Z., JA6
HUNTER, G., PH3
HUNTLEY, D.J., PD4
HUTTER, J.L., JE5
ICHINOKAWA, T., PB1
IKRAM, A., PE7
INGRAIN, D., EE3
IRWIN, J.C., PC2, PC3, PD3
ISAAC, I., JB5
ISRAEL, W., FF2
ITOH, H., PB1
JAANIMAGI, P., FD1
JACKMAN, T.E., PA2
JAGAM, P., PL7
JANDL, S., LB5
JANZEN, V.P., HD6
JEFFERS, S., PH3
JENSEN, K.O., PB8
JIANG, Z., FD1, FD2
JIMENEZ-SANDOVAL, S., PD5
JOHNNSTON, T.W., FD4
JOHNSON, B.L., HD4, HG3
JOHNSON, S.R., HB5, PA1
JONES, G., HD2
JOOS, B., LB7
JOSHI, Y.N., PI7
JUGE, K.J., HG1
JUNG, J., JB5
KARASYUK, V.A., HB3
KEEFER, B., LA2
KERAMAT ALI, M., PE12
KHAN, A., HB6
KHANNA, S.M., PA14
KIEFFER, J.C., FD1, HC4
KIM, T., HF5
KING, K.J., EE2
KINZLER, M., PC5
KIPP, S.S., PE12
KIRCZENOW, G., HG3, PA16
KIRSCHNER, J., PB1, PC5
KITCHING, P., LC3
KITSON, N., PE1
KOLB, N., EC2
KOLBER, T., PK5
KOSTER, E„ PC4
KOTLICKI, A., PC7
KOWALEWSKI, M., PB2
KUBIK, P., FE3
KUEHNER, J., HD6
KUNSTATTER, G., FF1
LACHAINE, A., PJ1
LACROIX, S., EA3
LAFOREST, R., HD7
LAFRENIERE, G., HB2
LAMOUCHE, G., PA10
LANGE, J., HD2
LARSON, B., HD5
LAVILLE, J.L., HD7
LA VOIE, C., HB5, PA1
LE FLOHIC, M.P., EE4, PI6
LE ROY, R.J., EE1
LEBEDEV, P.N., PK5
LEE, R.J., PC6
LEE, S., FE3
LEES, I., PE3
LEES, R.M., EE2, JF6
LEFEBVRE, M., HA2
LEINWEBER, D.B., JA2
LENNARD, W.N., PB8
LEPINE, Y., PA 10, PB9
LESSARD, R.A., JH2, PB4
LEVY, P., LC3
LI, G.Z., HF5
LI, W., PE8, PE9
LI, Y.M., PK4
LIANG, R., JB4, JB6
LIAO, L.X., HB7, PB6
LIN, M.Y., PE5
LIU HINZ, C., PK3
LIVINGSTON, A.E., HE4
LOLY, P.D., JF5
LOPEZ, 0., HD7
LORENZON, W., FG3, HD5, LC3
LOSS, D., LD3
LU, Y.F., PC7
MACFARLANE, D.B., HA4
MACKAY, A., PE4
MACKENZIE, J.A., HB5, PA1
MACLEOD, R.W., HD6
MADEJ, A.A., FB2
MAILHOT, S., PH2
MANIVANNAN, G., JH2
MAO, J., PH1
MARGOLIS, B., JA3
MARK, S.K., HD9
MARSHALL, G.M., HD5
MASSOUMI, G.R., PB8
MASUT, R.A., PA5
MATHIE, E.L., HD2
MAY, A.D., EE4, JC1, PI5, PI6
MCCARTHY, N., PH2
MCCUBBIN, J., FE3
MCDERMOTT, L.C., IA1
MCDONALD, A.B., HD1
MCKAY, J., FE3
MCKELLAR, A.R.W., EE1
MCKENZIE, D., FE3
MCKINNON, W.R., PE8
MCMANUS, M., JE8
MEAGHER, G., PC7
MEASDAY, D.F., HD4
MEINEL, K „ PC5
MELENDEZ-LIRA, M., PD5
MENG-BURANY, X., JE7, PC2
MENS, A., FD1
MERZ, J.L., HG4, PA13
MEYER, J., BA3
MICHETTE, A.G., P 2
MILDENBERGER, J., HA1
MILLER, C.A., FG1
MINER, C., FE1
MIREMADI, B.K., HF4, PF1
MITCHELL, J.B.A., PI3
MOFTAH, B.A., HD4
MOHAMED, M.A.K., JB5
MOORE, R.B., HF5
MORI, K., FE3
MORRIS, S., FC3
MORRISON, C., PE2, PE3
MORRISON, R., FD3
MORRISON, S.R., HF4, JE1, PF1
MORSINK, S.M., FF2
MOUROU, G., AA1
MULLINS, S.M., HD6
MYRTLE, K., PB6
MYSYROWICZ, A., HB2
NATANSOHN, A., PH1
NG, A., A A 3
NG, J., JA3
NILSEN, J., FD3
NISSEN, M.K., HB3, HB5, PA1
NOBLE, A.J., LC6, PL6
NORMAND, L., HD9
NORTON, P.R., PB3
O'LEARY, S., PA11
OAKHAM, F.G., FA3
OFFENBERGER, A., BA2
OGG, M., LC1
ORD, J.L., LB4
OTTEWELL, D.F., HD2
OUELLETTE, F., EA1
OUSSI-BENOMAR, W., PB4
OZIER, I., HE2
PAN, L., LB3
PARKIN, S.S.P., ED1
PAVAN, M., HD2
PERSSON, L., HD6
PERZ, J.M., PA1 1
PFAUNTSCH, S.J., PK2
PHIPPS, M., JA3
PILOTTE, S., HD6
PINNINGTON, E.H., PI8
PINNINGTON, T., HB5
PORTER, R., HD4
POULIOT, J., HD7
POUTISSOU, J.M., LC2
POUTISSOU, R., HA3
POWELL, B.M., PE7
PRASAD, C.V.V., PI1
PREDOI, A. ( EE2
PREVOST, D., HD6
PRIEUR, J., LB6
PROSSER, R.D., PH3
PUDALOV, V.M., PA6
01, D., PG6
QUE, W., LD2
RADFORD, D.C., HD6
RAMSEY, W.D., PL8
RANGACHARYULU, C., EC1
RANKIN, R., HC3
RAYWOOD, K., HD2
RAZAVI, F.S., PC8
REDDY, S.P., HE1, PI2
REDISH, E.F., JF1
mai 1993 91
WATERTON, M.D., EA4
WATKINS, S.P., PA4, PA5
WAY, B.M., JE6, PG1
WELLS, B., HD2
WEYDANZ, W., PG2
WHITE, M.A., PE1 I
WHITEHEAD, J., LD1
WILLIAMS, D.L., PC4
WILSON, B., PG5
WOLFE, J.P., HB1
WOLOSHYN, R.M. JA2
WORTIS, M., FC4
WRIGHT, D.H., EC3, LC2
WYANT, J.C., G A'I
WYSS, R., HD6
REGIMBART, R., HD7
REIMERS, J., PE8, PE9
REZA, K.A., LB2
RIBES, A., JH3, PG6
RIOUX, M., JH1
RISTINEN, R.A., HD2
ROCHON, P., PH1, PJ1
RODRIGUEZ, J., HD6
ROSATI, M., HD9
ROWE, J.M., BB3
ROY, R., HD7
ROZMUS, W., BA4, PK5
RYABTSEV, A.N., PI7
TILLOTSON, M., FE3
TIMUSK, T., JB1, JB6
TINDALL, D.A., PE10
TORRIE, B.H., PE7
TOWERS, S., PL9
TRAN, C.A., PA5
TREPANIER, F., JH2
TROTTIER, H.D., JA3
TSE, J.S., JE6
TSUI, Y.Y., PB7
TURRELL, B.G., PC7
SACHRAJDA, A.S., PA 15
SAETTLER, E., HD5
SANTIAGO, J., PB7
SAUNEUF, R., FD1
SAVARD, G., JD2
SCHILLING, O., FE5
SCHIRMANN, D., FD1
SCHMID, A.K., PB1
SCHNEIDER, C.M., PB2, PC5
SCHULTZ, P.J., PA9, PB8
SEVIOR, M., HD2
SHELGELSKI, M.R.A., HG2
SHELTON, D.P., FB4
SIMPSON, J.J., PL4
SINCLAIR, P.M., EE4, PI5
SINERVO, P., FA1
SINGH, R.C., HF4
SINHA, S.K., PE5
SIT, E., PG5
SLOAN, J., PH3
SMITH, G., HD2
SOBIE, R., LC4
SORENSEN, L., AB2, FC2
SOUTHERN, B.W., PC6, PE6
SPEAR, P., FE3
ST-ARNAUD, J.M., EE3
ST-PIERRE, C., HD7
STANISLAUS, S., HD4
STARTSEVA, T., PC8
STAUDENMAIER, H., HD2
STECKMEYER, C., HD7
STEELE, T., JA5
STEINER, T.W., HB3
STEINITZ, M.O., PE10
STEPHENSON, J., FF4
STEVENS, J.R., LB4
STRAKOVSKY, I., HD2
STRAWBRIDGE, K.B., PD1
SULLIVAN, D., FC1
SUN, L., LB4
SUN, Y., PA16
SUR, B „ PL2
SVENSSON, E., BB4
VAN BUUREN, T., ED4
VAN DRIEL, H.M., PA8
VAN HET HOF, G.J., PI7
VAN HUNEN, J.J., PI8
VAN-TRONG, N., PB10
VERRECCHIA, R., FD1
VETTERLI, M.C., LC3
VILLEMAIRE, A., HB3
VINCENT, J.S., FE4
VO-VAN, T., PB5, PB 10
VOSKO, S.H., EB2
VRBA, J., FE3
YANG, D., JE3
YEN, S., LC2
YOUNG, J.F., HB4, PA8
YOUSIF, F.B., PI3
WADDINGTON, J.C., HD6
WALKER, A.B., PB8
WALLACE, P.R., EB3
WALTON, M.A., FF3
WANG, D., PI2
WANG, J.X., PL4
WANG, W.M., HF5
WARD, D., HD6
ZHANG, D.H., PA7
ZHANG, Y.H., HGA
ZHAO, S., EE2
ZHOU, H „ PC3
ZHOU, X.Q., HB6
ZHOU, ! . . LB7
ZUKOTYNSKI, S., PA11
ZWARTZ, G., HD6
TACIK, R., HD2
TARASCON, J.M., PE8
TAYLOR, B., FE3
TAYLOR, D.R., LB2
TEMPLETON, I.M., PA2
TERREAULT, B., PK3
TETU, M., FB1
THEWALT, J., PE1
THEWALT, M.L.W., HB3
THOMPSON, A., AB3
TIEDJE, T., HB5, PA1
TIKHONCHUK, V.T., PK5
May 1993 .
UESAKA, T., PG6
XIE, S., PH1
XING, W., PC3
XU, G., FE3
XU, L., EE2
XUE, S., PB4
INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH FELLOWSHIPS
MPB T e c h n o l o g i e s Inc. is s e e k i n g c a n d i d a t e s t o n o m i n a t e for
Natural S c i e n c e a n d Egnineering C o u n c i l of C a n a d a Industrial
Research Fellowships.
The Fellowships will normally b e t e n a b l e in t h e Laboratories of
MPB T e c h n o l o g i e s Inc. l o c a t e d at Dorval, Q u e b e c or O t t a w a ,
Ontario.
Projects in w h i c h s u c c e s s f u l c a n d i d a t e s may b e involved include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Electromagnetics a n d Millimeter W a v e s
Lasers a n d Laser Applications
Electro-optics a n d A c o u s t o - o p t i c s
Plasma, Fusion a n d S p a c e T e c h n o l o g y
Expert Systems a n d Artificial Intelligence
Robotics
Salaries a n d o t h e r b e n e f i t s a r e t h e s a m e as for p e r m a n e n t staff
of e q u i v a l e n t e x p e r i e n c e .
I n t e r e s t e d r e c e n t g r a d u a t e s , individuals c u r r e n t l y c o m p l e t i n g
p o s t d o c t o r a t e fellowships, or c a n d i d a t e s w h o will g r a d u a t e in t h e
n e a r f u t u r e with a b a c k g r o u n d in physics, electrical e n g i n e e r i n g
or c o m p u t e r s c i e n c e and w h o a r e C a n a d i a n citizens or l a n d e d
i m m i g r a n t s a r e invited to write or call:
Dr. M.P. Bachynski
MPB Technologies Inc.
1725 North Service Road
Trans-Canada Highway
Dorval, Quebec
CANADA, H9P 1)1
Telephone: (514) 683-1490
Fax:
(514)683-1727
INDUSTRIAL
RESEARCH
CHAIRS
IN SPACE
SCIENCE
T h e D e p a r t m e n t o f P h y s i c s at t h e U n i v e r s i t y o f N e w B r u n s w i c k i n v i t e s
n o m i n a t i o n s a n d a p p l i c a t i o n s f o r t w o I n d u s t r i a l R e s e a r c h C h a i r s in
Space Science.
T h e i n d u s t r i a l p a r t n e r w i t h t h e U n i v e r s i t y is t h e
internationally recognized firm COMDEV, a major contributor to the
Canadian space program.
Final a p p r o v a l f o r f u n d i n g t h e s e c h a i r s is
expected within the next f e w months.
T h e a p p o i n t m e n t s w i l l b e t e n u r e - t r a c t p o s i t i o n s in t h e D e p a r t m e n t .
S u p p o r t f o r t h e s e n i o r a n d j u n i o r c h a i r s f o r t h e f i r s t f i v e y e a r s w i l l b e in
excess of $2 million for salaries, support s t a f f , g r a d u a t e s t u d e n t s and
e q u i p m e n t . The senior chairholder will be e x p e c t e d t o a s s u m e a leading
role in o r g a n i z i n g a n i n t e r d i s c i p l i n a r y t e a m t o a d d r e s s t h e s p a c e s c i e n c e
a c t i v i t y at t h e U n i v e r s i t y . C l o s e c o o p e r a t i o n w i t h t h e C a n a d i a n S p a c e
A g e n c y , C O M D E V A t l a n t i c , a n d o t h e r i n d u s t r i a l partners
will be
maintained.
C a n d i d a t e s m u s t h a v e a P h . D . w i t h a b a c k g r o u n d a n d e x p e r t i s e in s o m e
area o f solar t e r r e s t r i a l or a t m o s p h e r i c p h y s i c s c o v e r e d b y t h e m a n d a t e
of the Canadian Space A g e n c y .
R e l e v a n t e x p e r i e n c e in r o c k e t or
satellite projects e n c o m p a s s i n g t h e t r o p o s p h e r e , middle a t m o s p h e r e ,
t h e r m o s p h e r e o r m a g n e t o s p h e r e is e s s e n t i a l . T h e S e n i o r C h a i r w i l l h a v e
an i n t e r n a t i o n a l r e p u t a t i o n a n d p l a y a l e a d e r s h i p role in t h e d e v e l o p m e n t
a unique, UNB-based, science driven experimental research program.
The Junior Chair will have expertise in e x p e r i m e n t a l design and
instrumentation.
C a n d i d a t e s w i t h p r e v i o u s e x p e r i e n c e in i n d u s t r i a l
cooperation and the development of space physics and/or atmospheric
research p r o j e c t s will be given p r e f e r e n c e . The s u c c e s s f u l c a n d i d a t e s
w i l l be c o m m i t t e d t o a d v a n c i n g t h e c o n c e p t o f a l o n g - t e r m
university/industrial research program.
The University of New Brunswick is committed to the principle of employment
equity. In accordance with Canadian Immigration requirements, priority will be
given to Canadian citizens or permanent residents.
The
closing
date
for
nominations
and
applications
will
be
S e p t e m b e r 1. 1 9 9 3 , or u n t i l t h e p o s i t i o n s are f i l l e d .
Nominations,
applications and r e q u e s t s for i n f o r m a t i o n should be f o r w a r d e d t o :
Dr. A l l a n S h a r p , C h a i r
D e p a r t m e n t of Physics
U n i v e r s i t y o f N e w B r u n s w i c k , P.O. B o x 4 4 0 0
Fredericton, NB E3B 5 A 3
RESEARCH ASSOCIATE
in High Energy Physics
at McGill University
Applications are invited for a position as a Senior Research
Associate in High Energy Physics at McGill University. The
successful applicant will participate in the CLEO II
experiment at CESR. In particular, w e are seeking a person
w i t h a well-established record of contributions to the
analysis and operation of experiments in the B physics area,
with a view to providing leadership within the new CLEO
group. In addition, the candidate should have a suitable
background and interest in detector design, in order to
contribute to a research and development programme in
fast RICH counters and Object-Oriented Monte Carlo
techniques for an experiment at a high-luminosity e + e B Factory. The duration of this appointment will be two
years and is renewable subject to satisfactory performance.
Applicants should hold a Ph.D. in experimental particle
physics and have proven experience in the design and
construction of apparatus, as well as on-line and off-line
analysis of data.
Salary will be commensurate with
experience and qualifications.
Interested persons are
requested to send a letter of application, curriculum vitae,
and the names of three referees by July 15, 1993 to:
Professor D.B. MacFarlane
McGill University
Rutherford Physics Building
3 6 0 0 University Street
Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8
In a c c o r d a n c e w i t h Canadian I m m i g r a t i o n r e q u i r e m e n t s , this a d v e r t i s e m e n t
is d i r e c t e d t o Canadian citizens and p e r m a n e n t residents.
RESEARCH ASSOCIATE
Physics Department
UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO
Applications are invited for the position of Research
Associate in the Physics Department (Aeronomy), University
of Western Ontario,to study dynamics in Earth's middle
atmosphere.
The successful candidate will obtain
measurements with the lidar, analyze them, and perform
scientific studies of weather in the middle atmosphere.
Applicants should have a Ph.D. in atmospheric sciences or
a related field and be a highly motivated person with the
desire to interact closely w i t h a small but dedicated team.
The applicant should also have theoretical or experimental
experience with lidar systems and the dynamics of the
middle atmosphere.
This position is available immediately. Minimum salary is
$27,500. Please send applications to:
Roslyn Moorhead
Employee Relations Department
Rm. 262 Steven-Lawson Building
University of Western Ontario
London, Ontario N6A 5B8
Wide Band, Precision
Current Monitor
With a P e a r s o n current monitor a n d a n oscilloscope you c a n
m a k e p r e c i s e a m p l i t u d e a n d w a v e s h a p e m e a s u r e m e n t of a c
a n d p u l s e c u r r e n t s f r o m m i l l i a m p e r e s to k i l o a m p e r e s .
C u r r e n t s c a n b e m e a s u r e d in a n y c o n d u c t o r o r b e a m of
c h a r g e d particles, including t h o s e at very high voltage levels.
A t y p i c a l m o d e l g i v e s a n a m p l i t u d e a c c u r a c y of + 1 % , - 0 % ,
2 0 n a n o s e c o n d r i s e t i m e , d r o o p of 0 . 5 % p e r m i l l i s e c o n d , a n d
In a c c o r d a n c e w i t h C a n a d i a n i m m i g r a t i o n r e q u i r e m e n t s ,
this
a d v e r t i s e m e n t is d i r e c t e d t o C a n a d i a n c i t i z e n s a n d p e r m a n e n t
residents of C a n a d a .
T h e U n i v e r s i t y o f W e s t e r n O n t a r i o is
c o m m i t t e d to E m p l o y m e n t Equity, w e l c o m e s d i v e r s i t y in t h e
workplace,
and
encourages
applications
from
all
qualified
individuals including w o m e n ,
m e m b e r s of visible
minorities,
aboriginal persons, and persons w i t h disabilities.
a 3 d b b a n d w i d t h of 1 H z t o 3 5 M H z . O t h e r m o d e l s f e a t u r e 2
n a n o s e c o n d rise time, or a d r o o p a s low a s 1 % p e r s e c o n d .
C o n t a c t u s a n d w e will s e n d y o u e n g i n e e r i n g d a t a .
PEARSON ELECTRONICS, INC.
1 8 6 0 E m b a r c a d e r o R o a d , P a l o Alto, C a l i f . 9 4 3 0 3 , U . S . A .
T e l e p h o n e ( 4 1 5 ) 4 9 4 - 6 4 4 4 • T e l e x 171 - 4 1 2 • FAX ( 4 1 5 ) 4 9 4 - 6 7 1 6
Vibration control: Reason enough to call Newport/Klinger.
"There's no application
we can't support."
—Tom
Cellucci,
Director
of Market
Vibration
Control
Development,
Products
It doesn't matter how sensitive your application
may be. Our three new vibration isolation technologies
are so effective, you can be sure your project will
succeed.
Our new Formel"
Granite-Honeycomb
Structures Technology
combines the superior
performance of internal
damping and honeycomb construction
with the accuracy and
flatness of granite —
for the finest tabletops
and breadboards ever.
Our new Neutralizer"
Active Vibration Control
System* effectively
cancels external floor vibration. It can actually sense
approaching environmental motion, and "know" in
advance, the direction and magnitude of the force
needed to counteract the motion before the vibration
reaches your payload.
Our new StableTrack" Dynamic Leveling technology
temporarily stiffens an isolation system when masses are
moved on your isolated structure. When the motion stops,
StableTrack reverts to a normal passive syst em. It provides
a low-cost solution to increasing the throughput of vibrationsensitive equipment such as wafer inspection stations, mask
aligners, and coordinate measuring machines.
No matter what your application, we have the
vibration control technology to keep virt ually any
project steady and on track.
Viewport
K L I N G E R
Unshakeable Quality
Newport Instruments
Canada C o r p o r a t i o n
2650 M e a d o w v a l e Blvd.,
U n i t 3, Mississauga, O n t .
L5N6M5
Tel: (416) 567-0.390 Fax: (416) 567-0392
Toll Free: 1-800-267-8999
"Designed in collaboration with Integrated Dynamics Engineering.

Physics in Canada La Physique au Canada

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