Fitoplankton marin di Kepulauan Songsong dan Kepulauan Payar

Marine Phytoplankton in the Northern
Region of Straits of Malacca. Area 1: Pulau
Songsong, Pulau Bidan and Pulau Telor
Sazlina, M.S*., Nithiyaa, N., Mahadi, M, Zulfigar, Y. and
Aileen Tan, S.H.
Why??
Phytoplankton can be:
-
beneficial : acting as biological indicators,
where their presence, absence, abundance and
distribution are used to determine the quality
of an aquatic environment (Reynold, 2006).
-
Harmful: HABs occurrence could be harmful to
ecosystems and public health.
Aims
The aim of this project was to investigate the
phytoplankton composition of these Islands and
hence document a checklist of encountered
species.
Methods
Phytoplankton sampling surveys were carried out on a
fisherman boat at 12 stations on the 19th May 2012.
Locations: The Islands of Songsong, Telur, and Bidan.
Sampling Technique: Plankton tow (25 micron)
Sampling Site
Yan
2
1
PulauSongsong
3
4
TukunTerendak
5
Kedah
7
6
PulauTelor
8
9
Pulau Bidan
10
11
12
Merbok
Station
Results
 19 genus and 31 species were recorded during
the study.
 The species were mainly from two major
divisions namely Bacillariophyta (diatoms)
and Pyrrophyta (dinoflagellates).
 Common genus: Bacteriastrum, Ceratium,
Chaetocerous and Pseudo-nitzchia
Total number of species from each station
25
Number of Species
20
15
10
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Stations
8
9
10
11
12
Common species
Chaetoceros affinis
Chaetoceros sp.
Common species
Bacteriastrum delicatulum
Coscinodiscus sp.
Common species
Thalassiothrix sp.
Rhizololenia sp.
Common species
Triceratium reticulum
Cerataulina pelagica
Common species
Ceratium trichoceros
Chaetoceros diversus
Ceratium furca
(Ehrenberg) Claparède et Lachmann, 1859
Key features
Ceratium furca has a fairly wide girdle, a very prominent
fairly straight apical horn, it also has two unequally
sized (the left horn is longer than the right) posterior
horns with a thin bar which connects the two. It is
yellow with a brown tint when unstained (Tomas et al.
1997).
Toxicity
Is a red tide species that can cause death via nutrient
capture and anoxia. It is also been reported to produce
paralytic toxins (Vargas-Montero & Freer 2004).
Occurrence of Ceratium furca
Yan
2
1
PulauSongsong
3
4
TukunTerendak
5
Kedah
7
6
PulauTelor
8
9
Pulau Bidan
10
11
12
Merbok
All station except for Station 6 and 9
Chlorophyll a (mg/L)
Ammonia (mg/L)
PulauSongsong
TukunTerendak
PulauSongsong
TukunTerendak
PulauTelor
PulauTelor
Pulau Bidan
Pulau Bidan
Decreasing
Discussion
From this study there were comparatively fewer numbers
of by comparison the data collected by Salleh et al, 2008*
in the central islands of Straits of Malacca (Pulau Jarak
and Pulau Perak).
*Salleh A, Ahmad S.W. and Bahnan I. S. (2008). Diversity of Phytoplankton
Collected During the Scientific Expedition to Pulau Perak, Pulau Jarak and
the Sembilan Group of Island. Malaysian Journal of Science 27 (3): 33-45.
Species composition and dominance of phytoplankton are
mediated by various mechanisms including temperature,
light, removal by zooplankton and nutrient supply. Thus a
solid conclusion could not be made in this study as
sampling protocol were only conducted once.
Acknowledgements
• Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment
(NRE), Malaysia (Grant no.:
304/PBiology/650598/J122).
• Marine Park Malaysia for funding support.
• Members of Marine Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia
and Universiti Teknologi Mara, Perlis for their
assistance during the sampling period.
THANK YOU