Hydrogen – Fuel for the Future

Hydrogen – Fuel for the Future
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? 2100 ?
2009
Climate Change: putting millions at risk
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EU target
(Parry et al., 2001)
Challenge (with Capital C)
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from 80% fossil fuels to 80% reduction in GHG emissions in 40 years!
• a need to move to a low-carbon economy – not easy, cheap or swift
• a reinvention of our energy system
• technology and the efficient use of resources are essential for this transition
hydrogen and fuel cells are definitely part of the longer term solution!
•
•
•
•
consumer appliances
residential power generation
industrial power generation (CHP)
industrial processes (refineries,
synthetic fuels, …)
• transportation
now
2015
20202030
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“ Je crois
• qu'un jour l'eau servira de carburant,
• que l'hydrogène et l'oxygène qui la constituent, utilisés seuls ou
ensemble, fourniront une source inépuisable d'énergie et de
lumière, d'une intensité dont le charbon n'est pas capable,
• que lorsque les ressources en charbon seront épuisées, nous
nous chaufferons grâce à l'eau.
L'eau sera le charbon du futur. ”
Jules Verne, L’île mystérieuse, 1870
H2 – water cycle
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H2 is created from water by injecting
energy at the point of production from any
source—photons, electrons, or heat.
Water is created from H2 when energy is
released at the point of use, by electrooxidation to electrons and heat in fuel
cells, or combustion to heat in engines or
turbines.
• H2–H2O cycle is closed and sustainable
• the associated energy chain can be open and depletable
• no emissions at point of use, overall use as clean as H2 production method,
sustainability is maintained if renewable energy is used to split water
MRS Bulletin, Vol. 33, April 2008
H2 from renewable energy sources
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H2 from fossil fuels: with CCS
IE Press Event 261109
electricity and hydrogen are complementary energy carriers:
electron-based and proton-based
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combination of H2 from RES and FC allow realisation of
• zero-carbon cycle,
• distributed generation, and therefore access to power in remote areas
but issues to tackle
• intermittency
• insufficient potential at present
• improved chain conversion efficiency
• H2 storage & transport
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Thank you!
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www.ie.jrc.ec.europa.eu
[email protected]