IDENTIFICATION OF MINNESOTA INVASIVE
Transcription
IDENTIFICATION OF MINNESOTA INVASIVE
7-7-14 Itasca Co IDENTIFICATION OF MINNESOTA INVASIVE: Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata) SEARCH LOCATIONS Upland and floodplain woodlands, along trails and roads, in yards; shade to sun; damp soils SEARCH TIME Early spring—late April to early June (flowering) SEARCH IMAGE Mature plant up to 4 feet tall White flower head at top of stem Search image IDENTIFICATION CHECKLIST Seed pods 1. Heart– or triangle-shaped stem leaves with pointed teeth 2. Flower with four petals 1 2 4 3 4 petals OTHER HELPFUL NOTES Search image single flower Flower head Leaves have a garlic odor when crushed Long slender seed pods form soon after flowering. Many mustards form similar seed pods. Stem leaves are similar to other woodland plants—look for the white flowers or seed pods First-year plants form basal rosettes. These basal leaves also have several look-alikes (on page 2). pointed teeth Stem leaf LOOK-ALIKES with white flowers blooming early spring in wooded areas Sweet coltsfoot 4 petals Bittercress Canada violet 4 petals Rock cress MN native MN native MN native Compound leaves (with many leaflets) Lance-like leaves Many flower petals Lance-like leaves MN native Five flower petals © 2014 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. University of Minnesota Extension is an equal opportunity educator and employer. INFORMATION ON MINNESOTA INVASIVE: Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata) MINNESOTA STATUS: Restricted noxious weed Importation, sale, and transportation of garlic mustard propagating parts are prohibited in the state except as allowed by Minnesota Statutes, Section 18.82. IF YOU FIND GARLIC MUSTARD 1) Record its location (GPS coordinates, labeled dot on map, mile-marker or other landmark) 2) Record the date 3) Document the plant (electronic images or make pressed samples that include items on the “checklist” 4) Contact Sara Thompson ([email protected]; 327–7393), Julie Miedtke ([email protected]; 327-7365) or Mary Blickenderfer ([email protected]; 218-244-7996) METHOD OF REPRODUCTION (biennial—1st year basal rosette; 2nd year bloom, set seed, die) Seeds—100+ seed produced by each plant, will remain viable in soil for up to 5 years VECTORS OF SPREAD Short-distance dispersal of seed by explosive release (6 feet) Long-distance dispersal of seed by humans, pets, wildlife, water, vehicles, logging equipment STRATEGIES FOR RESTORING NATIVE PLANT COMMUNITY (Contact your county agriculture inspector and Web resources for specific details) 1) Ongoing garlic mustard controls—pulling, cutting/mowing (to eliminate seed production), burning, chemical or combinations of these—are necessary until seedbank is exhausted 2) Replant and/or reseed area with native plants (Note: Garlic mustard roots exude chemicals that inhibit germination of other plants) RESOURCES Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health: http://www.invasive.org MN Dept. of Agriculture: http://www.mda.state.mn.us/en/plants/badplants/noxiouslist/garlicmustard.aspx MN Dept. of Transportation: http://www.dot.state.mn.us/roadsides/vegetation/pdf/noxiousweeds.pdf UW Extension YouTube on garlic mustard identification: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6WEYOELdf_c GARLIC MUSTARD LOOK-ALIKES with kidney– or heart-shaped basal leaves in wooded areas Violets Buttercup Creeping Charlie Basal rosettes wavy leaf edge MN natives 2-3” Basal rosette leaf 5-lobed; white, blue or yellow flowers MN native 5-lobed, yellow flowers Eurasia– invasive Leaves less than 1.5 inches Purple flowers
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