Electromobility in the Netherlands

Transcription

Electromobility in
the Netherlands
Highlights 2013
Companies, social institutions, knowledge centres, and national,
regional, and local governments are working together to accelerate
the growth of electric driving and to capitalise on its economic
opportunities. The number of electric vehicles in the Netherlands
has grown dramatically in the past year. The number of companies
active in the sector is also increasing. This growth in commercial
activity is particularly apparent in the areas of vehicle manufacturing (including custom-made vehicles), propulsion technology,
charging infrastructure, and services.
For additional information and the latest news,
please visit www.nederlandelektrisch.nl.
Contents
Economic opportunities in electric driving
3
Research
12
Student teams book success in international competitions
4
Safety
12
International
5
Communications
13
Market developments
6
Publications
14
Regional stimulation
7
‘E-mobility in the Netherlands, we are ready
to market e-mobility’
14
Financial stimulation
8
‘Electric vehicle charging points in public spaces’
14
Green Deals
9
‘Twenty questions on electric vehicles’
14
Sunny Charging
9
‘Urban distribution using electric vehicles’
14
Between Bike and Car
9
‘Plugging into electric driving: A how-to guide’
14
Corporate Approach to Sustainable Mobility
9
‘Charging infrastructure: Solutions for municipalities’
14
‘Electric two-wheelers: A helping hand for your municipalities’
14
‘Interim Evaluation 2013: Hybrid and Elektric Driving
Demonstration Projects’
14
EV Infrastructure
10
SME Innovation Acceleration
10
Zero-Emission Public Transport
10
Green Deal Northern Netherlands
10
A Green Deal being developed for public charging infrastructure
10
Formula E-Team
11
2
ElECTROMOBIlITY IN THE NETHERlANDS | Highlights 2013
15
Colophon
20
Economic opportunities in electromobility
A report by the Netherlands Enterprise Agency reveals that entrepreneurs are cashing in on
electric driving’s economic potential in increasing volume. Between 2010 and 2012, sector
revenue doubled, employment tripled, and exports quadrupled. Expectations remain
or expertise to do so. In May, all 100 innovation vouchers were awarded and the projects
positive through 2015. The report further reveals a relative abundance of activity in new
were launched. The 100th innovation voucher was awarded to Betronic Solutions.
vehicle construction (including custom-made vehicles), charging infrastructure, propulsion
technology, and mobility services.
who offer electric driving products or services. During the full-day advisory session,
enhance collaboration between the Netherlands and the US West Coast. In 2013, the
project organised an educational trip to California for Dutch companies, knowledge
centres, and governments. State Secretary Mansveld also joined the delegation for
several days.
exchange provide income opportunities for a variety of companies involved in e-mobility
and charging infrastructure. The exchange of data is complicated by the fact that this
innovative organisations in the Netherlands are working together to determine the best
way to use their Dutch expertise in the US. The project focuses on electric driving and
microgrid innovations targeting the US East Coast. East Coast Electric is a two-year
public-private partnership that assists Dutch companies in setting up a local partner
network, conducting market research, exchanging knowledge, and conducting initial
business development in the US. In addition, the programme’s local presence ensures
that American EV frontrunners look to the Netherlands when choosing a location for
pilot programmes or regional headquarters.
3
Student teams book success in international competitions
World record for acceleration
The DUT Racing Team has set a new world record for acceleration with one of its electric
on electric driving. Their efforts address technical, commercial, and social aspects of the
race cars. The self-built, four-wheel-drive electric car accelerated from zero to one hundred
technology, and student teams are able to turn theory into practice in international
kilometres per hour in 2.15 seconds on the runway asphalt at the former Valkenburg naval
competitions. Below, we highlight several Dutch student teams that performed
air base near the Dutch city of Leiden. That makes the vehicle the fastest accelerating
exceptionally well in 2013.
electric car in the world; it is also faster than nearly every other ‘regular’ race car.
Formula Student
European distance record
Formula Student Electric is one of the best-known educational electric motorsport
You can travel great distances in an electric vehicle — that much is clear from tests that
competitions in the world. The multidisciplinary team’s task is to design, build, test,
students at the Eindhoven University of Technology conducted using a Tesla Model S.
and race an electric race car in just one year’s time. In the summer months, the resulting
The team even set a new European record. The students drove the car from the Vaalserberg
vehicle takes part in the Formula Student Electric competition, in which the cars and teams
tripoint to Amsterdam, then across the Afsluitdijk highway in the north through the province
undergo a series of challenges that test the vehicle’s design and quality and the team’s
of Fryslân (Friesland) and back down to the city of Almere. The team drove a total distance
knowledge. In total, 40 teams compete for the highest possible score. In Spain in 2013,
of 625.5 kilometres.
-
tion categories, and third place in the Business Plan Presentation and Autocross compo-
Eindhoven Unversity of Technology leads electric vehicle project
nents. The Delft University of Technology (DUT) Racing Team is known for its lightweight,
nimble race cars. In the summer of 2013, the team celebrated its third consecutive overall
project, which is being coordinated by the Eindhoven University of Technology. Participants
win in the Formula Student Electric competition.
are developing new concepts in electric propulsion for a variety of vehicle types, while
simultaneously training young researchers to think on the systems level in this research
World Solar Challenge
area. They will be investigating concepts, methods, and design tools to generate electric
In recent years, student teams from the Dutch universities of technology have achieved
propulsion systems with optimal performance, low costs, and a high degree of environ-
stellar results in the World Solar Challenge, a 3,000-kilometer solar-powered auto race in
mental friendliness. The project should result in a virtual development lab where European
Australia. The objective of this friendly competition is to stimulate research into vehicle
universities and industry work together. ADEPT will run for four years and will receive
place in the Cruiser class.
4
International
governments presented the Holland e-Mobility House at the Electric Vehicle Symposium
more electric vehicle charging stations need to be installed, and that there also need to
(EVS27) in Barcelona. The 35 participating partners represented the entire Dutch
e-mobility value chain in a single booth. The show was a rousing success, and as a result
point for every electric vehicle, 10 percent of which should be publicly accessible.
the Holland e-Mobility House concept will travel on to the Hannover Messe 2014.
Agreement for co-operation on Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Technologies and Programmes (IA-HEV). In 2013, a Task (the IEA’s name for a multilateral project) led by the
Netherlands and Belgium was launched to study electromobility’s potential to generate
revenue. The project will develop a common methodology to uncover a country’s EV
economic potential. The project is explicitly using the Dutch approach as an example. As
part of the Task, participating countries will collect data on economic potential to
generate an analysis and a benchmark.
5
in mobility in the coming years.
Charging infrastructure
areas. Mister Green plans to expand its network in 2014 with an additional 20 fastcharging stations. FastNed plans to realise a network of 200 fast-charging stations
along Dutch highways.
fast-charging points in easily accessible locations along highways, such as parking
lots at Van der Valk and La Place restaurants.
Market developments
-
Using this 120 kW DC superfast charger, drivers can add 320 kilometres to their
E-taxis
to 25 times around the world. Taxi Electric says this proves that electric vehicles are
As a result, roughly 15,000 people have been introduced to electric driving, 230,000
a suitable alternative to the diesel-fuel taxi.
regular kilometres have been replaced with electric ones, and more than 300 people
have decided to purchase an electric vehicle.
In two years, RTC plans to serve the Rotterdam area with 25 electric vehicles.
demonstration vehicle for its taxi-company members.
in Amsterdam and a shop in the P.C. Hooftstraat shopping street. Tesla has announced
new shops to open in The Hague, Arnhem, Amsterdam, Eindhoven, and Utrecht.
E-distribution
world came to Amsterdam last fall to see the new car. The company chose Amsterdam
for the launch because the Netherlands is a leader in electric mobility.
companies and individuals. These six vehicles are active in Amsterdam; UPS plans
to add another four electric vehicles in Rotterdam.
downtown Nijmegen.
electrically powered lorry. The lorry was developed by Hytruck with input from Heine
ken, the G. van der Heijden transport company, and the City of Rotterdam. It has a
capacity of 19 tonnes and a range of 200 kilometres, making it the largest electric
lorry in Europe.
6
Regional stimulation
For Alternative Transport Systems (E-FACTS) project to stimulate the use of electric
the Natuur & Milieu foundation, the E-Laad Foundation, the Formula E-Team, and the
vehicles and emissions-free buses in the urban environments.
Ministry of Economic Affairs. Fifty-one municipalities competed for the prize, and nine
of them were nominated: Amsterdam, Enschede, Den Bosch, Hoorn, Rotterdam, Texel
Island, Tytsjerksteradiel, Utrecht, and Zaanstad.
the island.
cities. The project’s goal is to get 20 new electric lorries driving through the city.
to and from the aircraft. BYD will be providing the buses.
vehicles. The City of Utrecht provided subsidies to stimulate the switch. The project
launched with 40 electric scooters; that number will be expanded to 70.
in the city’s regularly scheduled routes. Buses manufactured by (amongst others)
Ebusco and BYD are being tested.
Starting in 2015, the electric buses will be active in West or East Brabant, preferably in
urban areas.
the EVC, the City of Rotterdam, and Athlon Carlease is to get 1,000 electric vehicles on
the road in fourteen months’ time.
electric cars in 2013 and 2014. The province is working with regional network operator
Enexis. In total, the province plans to realise 3,000 public charging points.
Earnewald during the summer holidays.
stations in the province. Part of the subsidy comes from the European INTERREG
Rijschool Belang driving school association, are going to acquaint their students with
programme for e-mobility, in which eleven regions and seven countries are working
electric driving in a month-long rotation. This is one of the pilot programmes in Project
together to stimulate electric driving.
A15, an initiative by the Milieudefensie and Natuur & Milieu environmental organisations to accelerate the adoption of electric driving.
the use of electric vehicles.
making public transportation there fully electric.
awarded a ten-year contract for the installation of public charging points.
7
Financial stimulation
Netherlands.
vans. In Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, Utrecht, Arnhem-Nijmegen, and the
are following this example and providing an additional stimulus, including Amsterdam
between full electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles has been added.
The new package is as follows:
8
-
Exemption from BPM (vehicle purchase tax)
-
Exemption from MRB (vehicle circulation tax)
-
Income tax addition for the private use of company cars of 4 percent for FEVs
Green deals
The Dutch government is helping citizens, companies, organisations, and local governments
‘A new modality for urban mobility’ took place in 2013. Attended by designers and visionaries, the workshop generated new ideas for the vehicle. As a next step, market research was
the government is doing this is by closing a Green Deal with the initiators of sustainable
conducted into consumer preferences regarding design requirements.
projects and ideas. Several Green Deals have been signed for electric driving.
Corporate Approach to Sustainable Mobility — City of Utrecht
Green Deals electric driving highlights
approach to sustainable mobility. Companies in the vanguard, which are united in the U15
Sunny Charging
collective, have developed a carbon-footprint analysis tool and used it to determine how
In mid-2012, the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Essent New Energy, Enexis, the province of
Groningen, and the City of Groningen signed the Sunny Charging Green Deal. The project
studied the business case for electric vehicle charging infrastructure. The business case
involves publicly accessible charging points on corporate sites in the Groningen-Assen
metropolitan area, which use solar panels to generate electricity. In the business case,
footprints compels organisations to gather information on the different forms of transporta-
electric cars that are parked on a company’s site during the day should be charged to the
extent possible using the solar energy that is available during daylight hours. The business
case does not appear to be sound at this time. The recommendations in the report indicate
mobility-related. This awareness is a crucial motivator to take measures to reduce transport-
the changes required to make it so.
will be a follow-up project. The idea is to help a large number of companies (including SMEs)
Between Bike and Car — The PON company
transitions to affordable, sustainable electric-powered urban transport
The initiators are conducting a joint feasibility study on the development of affordable and
sustainable electric-powered urban transport methods that fall between the bicycle and the
automobile, with the goal of production and assembly in the Netherlands. The workshop
9
in the region gain insight into their carbon footprints.
EV Infrastructure — The New Motion
Green Deal Northern Netherlands
The objective of this Green Deal is to realise a nationwide network of 10,000 intelligent
The government has entered into an e-mobility Green Deal with the province of Fryslân
charging points and 100 fast-charging points at private but publicly accessible locations
(Friesland). The major components of the agreement are as follows: The province will work
with market players and fellow government entities to promote electric driving and boating.
For every electric car that enters the market, the project provides an intelligent charging
Toward that end, the province has the following concrete goals: In 2015, the Frisian water-
point for home or work, and based on an assessment of the client’s wishes, the charging
ways will be home to 3,000 electric boats; also, 2,000 electric vehicles, including electric
point will be installed at a private location. This creates opportunities to introduce service
models related to cost calculation, smart consumption and feed-in, and battery and buffer
chargers and fast chargers for boats, cars, and two-wheelers will be realised. The partners
management. The goal of 10,000 charging stations will be met in early 2014.
intend to position Fryslân as the development hotbed for electric boating in Northwestern
Europe, making the Netherlands the market leader and stronghold of knowledge on the
SME Innovation Acceleration — D-Incert, DOET, Syntens en AutomotiveNl
-
This Green Deal is designed to strengthen the innovative capacity of the Dutch economy
ties. The study was carried out by Rebel Group at the request of the Vereniging Elektrisch
and, within it, SMEs’ potential to generate revenue by stimulating cross-pollination between
Varen Nederland (EV-NL, Dutch Electric Boating Association), Fryslân Province, and the
the SME community and knowledge centres. Towards that end, the organisations D-Incert,
Netherlands Enterprise Agency. Particularly in pleasure boating and the cruise sector, there
are promising opportunities for electric propulsion.
Economic Affairs and the Netherlands Enterprise Agency to launch a voucher scheme. In
A Green Deal being developed for public charging infrastructure
centre to help them solve their electric-mobility-related issue. All 100 vouchers were
The Energy Agreement for Sustainable Growth states that public and private parties will
awarded in May and the projects were able to launch.
make agreements to stimulate the realisation of public charging infrastructure for electric
vehicles. Together with the Formula E-Team members, the Ministry of Economic Affairs will
Zero Emission Public Transportation — Zero Emission Bussing Foundatiom
ensure that market players, network operators, and governments (national, provincial, and
The SZEB supports pilot projects using zero-emissions buses in public transportation. The
municipal) make effective agreements that continue the rollout of public charging infra-
foundation is investigating the most suitable concession structure for the pilot programme:
structure. These agreements — probably in the form of a Green Deal — will address regular
the best bus deployment in regular service, the best charging infrastructure setup, and how
the parties involved should evaluate and monitor the pilot projects in terms of costs and
business case . This ensures that the ‘chicken and egg’ problem will be solved. The goal is to
environmental impact. Based on that evaluation and monitoring, the SZEB will make
be able to leave further development of this charging infrastructure completely in the hands
recommendations to the decentralised governments awarding contracts. These recommen-
of the market. All the parties involved worked hard to shape this Green Deal in 2013; the
dations will be in the form of a model (including total cost of ownership) that provides
result is expected in 2014.
insight into the investment considerations and concession conditions, in order to further
the transition to zero-emissions bussing. Working with the ANWB, RAI, VNA, and the three
Ministries of Economic Affairs, Infrastructure and the Environment, and Finance, the SZEB
model. Among other things, the model can be used to calculate the tax provisions in the
Autobrief II (Second Memorandum on Fiscal Policy for Vehicles).
10
Formula E-Team
umbrella association for national EV organisations.
congress. The congress took place concurrently with the Fleet Management congress in
the NBC centre in Nieuwegein. As a result of collaboration with the Formula E-Team, the
which resulted in the team’s being tasked with creating an action plan for e-mobility
Fleet Management congress programme contained several crucial items on electric
in cooperation with the government.
driving (a variety of workshops and debates). The 300 participants at the Formula
E-Team congress discussed developments in electric driving with one another.
income tax addition for fully electric cars and plug-in hybrid cars. This letter contributed
to the distinction in the tax plan between fully electric cars at a 4 percent income
addition and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles at 7 percent.
to increase the electric use of plug-in hybrid cars. In this plan, the Formula E-Team
proposes measures to increase the electric share of kilometres driven in plug-in cars by
business drivers. These include measures taken by employers, employees, and market
players as well as those taken by the government.
11
Research
score of 7.8 out of 10. So reports a survey by the Netherlands Enterprise Agency. The
Safety
is accessible via Infopunt Veiligheid (Safety InfoPoint, www.infopuntveiligheid.nl).
survey took place in March among drivers of electric and plug-in passenger cars, delivery
vans and freight lorries, scooters, boats, and other vehicles.
roll out of electric driving and safety.
the Hybrid and Electric Driving Programme. Through subsidies, the programme has made
been expanded to include hydrogen.
nine electric vehicle projects possible in recent years. These demonstration projects have
revealed important lessons regarding the use of electric vehicles. For example, experiences in a variety of market segments (including a moving company, delivery companies, a
taxi company, and a waste collection service) reveal that electric vehicles are best used
vehicles, that deployment can be expanded. The projects also reveal that both full electric
vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles are always cleaner than comparable conventional
vehicles. Even if the plug-in hybrid is never operated electrically. Moreover, people
experience electric driving as very user-friendly and safe. Not a single safety incident
occurred during the demonstration projects.
petrol- or diesel-powered car. That is one of the conclusions from the Rotterdam Electric
belonging to the City of Rotterdam, network operator Stedin, and power company Eneco
was analysed.
12
must be equipped with a sound to enable fellow road users to hear them coming.
Communication
In 2013, 750 articles on e-mobility appeared in national newspapers and nearly 5,000 articles
appeared in regional newspapers. The subjects discussed were primarily electric cars and
politicians, and other top managers drove 257 full electric cars in the second Professio-
electric bicycles. There was a great deal of news on charging points, parking problems,
nal Passionates Electric Car Rally.
charging along the highway, tax advantages, and Tesla. More than 60,000 messages
appeared in social media, primarily Twitter. Fourteen percent of the messages about electric
booth, participated in the advisory council that prepared the congress programme, and
transport and electric driving were positive in tone, and 3 percent were negative.
organised an e-racing event and exchange with four technical universities from Belgium
and the Netherlands.
electric driving among companies and individuals. The EV Roadshow brings together all
governments, trade associations, and companies share their knowledge and vision
available forms of electric transport in one location on a single day.
online with a broad audience.
electric driving. Local governments can call the help desk with questions about electric
before were so many sustainable vehicles together in southern Limburg. Charging
in the world, four large auto lease companies, one charging point provider, and the
among other places, in electric cars to demonstrate that electric driving is also an option
environmental organisations Natuur & Milieu and Milieudefensie have waged a
when on holiday.
campaign to entice lease-car drivers to switch to electric. The lease-car drivers
may use a petrol-powered car during holidays free of charge.
lenge, the follow-up to the successful PP Electric Rally in 2011 and 2012. Teams were
challenged to drive their electric vehicles along a route in and around Amsterdam in the
most sustainable possible way.
13
Publications
‘We are Holland, ready to market e-mobility’
‘Plugging into electric driving: A how-to guide’
A brochure in English about electric mobility in the
This electric driving guide is intended to help local
Netherlands containing background information and
governments navigate the EV world. As the protector of
information on innovation, pilot projects and tests in the
the public space, city governments are automatically
Netherlands, charging, driving, and opportunities for
involved in the rollout of electric driving. Local govern-
collaboration. The brochure is intended for every Dutch
ments can choose the way they approach that rollout: by
organisation that wants to promote EV outside the
providing, facilitating, and supporting frameworks and by
Netherlands or engage in cross-border partnerships. You
stimulating adoption. VNG (the Association of Netherlands
can request a copy by writing to [email protected].
Municipalities) has distributed the guide to every Dutch
w
De stekker in elektrisch vervoer, maar hoe?
Startgids voor gemeenten die aan de slag gaan
met elektrisch vervoer
municipality.
‘Electric vehicle charging points in public spaces’
‘Charging infrastructure: Solutions for municipalities’
Agency published this handbook. The publication provides support to local
This is a practical guide that local governments can use in creating their
governments, road authorities, and landowners on the installation and
electric vehicle charging policy.
management of public charging infrastructure.
gen voor gemeenten’)
-
LAADINFRASTRUCTUUR
Oplossingen voor gemeenten
De groei van elektrisch vervoer (EV) zorgt voor een
toenemende behoefte aan laadpunten in de openbare
ruimte. Nu de stichting e-laad geen laadpunten meer
aan de gemeenten aanbiedt, wordt van de gemeenten
nadrukkelijker een eigen aanpak voor het faciliteren van
het opladen van elektrische auto’s verwacht.
Het doel van dit document is het bieden van een praktisch
handvat voor gemeenten bij het opstellen van beleid voor
het opladen van elektrische auto’s in de openbare ruimte.
Dit document is een aanvulling op de “Startgids elektrisch
rijden voor gemeenten” van Agentschap NL.
Als het gaat om duurzaamheid,
innovatie en internationaal
1
‘Electric two-wheelers: A helping hand for your municipality’
‘Twenty questions on e-mobility: A how-to guide
for companies’
E-mobility is on the rise. Many companies would like to
This guide is an addition to the how-to guide for municipalities, focused on
Elektrisch vervoer in 20 vragen
De startgids voor bedrijven
facilitating and stimulating the use of electric two-wheelers.
(‘Elektrische tweewielers, het handvat voor uw gemeente’)
2013
buy one or more electric vehicles but do not have the
Het handvat voor uw gemeente
De startgids elektrisch vervoer voor gemeenten
‘De stekker in elektrisch vervoer, maar hoe?’ beschrijft
hoe een gemeente elektrisch vervoer (EV) kan faciliteren of
stimuleren. Dit document is een aanvulling op de startgids,
gericht op het faciliteren of stimuleren van het gebruik van
elektrische tweewielers.
information they need, such as what it will cost. This guide
‘Interim Evaluation 2013: Hybrid and Electric Driving Demonstration
provides businesses with answers to several frequently
Projects’
asked questions.
This past year, nine pilot projects booked positive results
vragen, startgids voor bedrijven’)
regarding electric and hybrid vehicles. The results
indicate that electric driving opens up new opportunities
‘Urban distribution using electric vehicles’
This guide provides local governments with practical tips
for developing and implementing policy regarding electric
Stedelijke distributie met elektrisch vervoer
Een gids voor gemeenten
for the Dutch business community. The interim evaluation
gives businesses the information they need to make a
2013
>> Als het gaat om duurzaamheid, innovatie en internationaal
considered assessment.
freight distribution. The guide explains the different roles
that local governments can play to stimulate electric
transport.
elektrisch vervoer’)
14
ELEKTRISCHE TWEEWIELERS
>> Als het gaat om duurzaamheid, innovatie en internationaal
The publications can be downloaded from www.rvo.nl/elektrischrijden
Als het gaat om duurzaamheid,
innovatie en internationaal
1
Growth in vehicle types and numbers
National Action Plan for Electric Driving goals and actual vehicle numbers.
Goal
Electric vehicles on the road
(three wheels or more)
Number of electric vehicles per type
Programme phase
2015
15,000 tot 20,000
Startup, Innovation
2020
200,000
Acceleration, Growth
2025
1,000,000
Stabilisation
Actual
Vehicle type
Passenger car (FEV)
Passengercar (E-REV, PHEV) #
24,512
669
Commercial car >3500
22
23
39
7,311
2013-12
30,086
4,161
494
Motorcycle
Total **
15
1,910
4,348
2012-12
of 22,775 electric vehicles, or 312%.
1,124
17
Three-wheeled
in the Netherlands. At the end of 2013, this number had grown to 30,086. This is an increase
Number as of
31-12-2013
158
Bus *
At the start of 2013, there were 7,311 electric vehicles (with three wheels or more) registered
Number as of
31-12-2012
Commercial car <3500
1,579
2011-12
Number as of
31-12-2011
68
67
73
181
469
632
88
99
125
1,658
7,410
30,211
* Including trolleybuses ** This total includes motorcycles # Excluding full hybrid vehicles
Electric vehicle growth curve from the end of 2010 through the end of 2013
Electric vehicle growth curve
In 2013, the following electric models (FEV, PHEV, E-REV) were active on Dutch roads.
from the end of 2010 through the end of 2013
Number
Electric vehicle growth curve
35,000
30,000
25,000
Passenger cars
Full electric
Plug-in hybrides/range
extenders
Business vehicles
Full electric
BWM ActiveE
BMW i3 (range extender)
Citroën Berlingo
BWM i3
Chevrolet Volt
Ford Transit Connect
Citroen C-Zero
Mercedes Vito E-cell
Mercedes E-cell
Piaggio Porter E
Mitsubishi I-MIEV
20,000
15,000
Nissan Leaf
Porsche Panamera S-E-Hybrid
Peugot Ion
Toyota Prius plug-in
Renault Fluence Z.E
Volvo V60 plug-in
Renault Twizy
10,000
Renault Zoe
Smart Fortwo E
5,000
Tesla Model S
Tesla Roadster
3
-1
De
c
3
-1
Au
g
13
3
r-
Ap
2
-1
-1
Fe
b
2
-1
Au
g
De
c
2
12
r-
Ap
-1
1
De
c
Fe
b
-1
1
-1
Au
g
1
11
r-
Ap
-1
Fe
b
De
c
-1
0
0
Volvo C30
Three-wheeled
Motorcycle
Commercial car<3500
Bus
Passenger car E-REV, PHEV
Commercial car >3500
Passenger car FEV
16
Despite the strongth growth in electric vehicles, their number still accounts for only a
The diagram below displays the monthly change in new registrations as a bar chart.
modest share of all Dutch automobiles. In 2013, an average of 5 percent of new purchases
Feb-13
32,151
268
0.83%
Mar-13
35,890
548
1.53%
Apr-13
30,538
273
0.89%
May-13
30,089
319
1.06%
Jun-13
35,285
397
1.13%
Jul-13
30,666
634
2.07%
Aug-13
28,623
1,123
3.92%
Sep-13
31,504
1,242
3.94%
Oct-13
36,784
2,134
5.80%
Nov-13
40,659
5,192
12.77%
Dec-13
39,163
9,660
24.67%
419,388
22,415
5.34%
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
-
Fe
b
-1
3
Total 2013
35,000
New FEV and PHEV
registrations
17
New passenger car registrations
excluding FEV and PHEV
c13
1.30%
De
625
ov
-1
3
48,036
40,000
N
new registrations
p13
percentage of all
registered
Se
passenger cars
Au
g13
cars registered
45,000
ay
-1
3
FEV and PHEV as
M
New FEV and PHEV
r-1
3
Jan-13
Total new passenger
Ap
Period
50,000
ar
-1
3
new-vehicle purchases with those for full electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles.
M
Number
were electric (adding full and plug-in hybrid models together), with a massive peak of 25
The diagram below compares the change in new full electric vehicle registrations with those
for plug-in hybrid vehicles (including range-extended vehicles).
Number
Change in electric passenger cars
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
31
-1
220
09
31
-3
-2
01
30
0
-6
-2
01
30
0
-9
-2
0
10
31
-1
220
10
31
-3
-2
01
30
1
-6
-2
01
30
1
-9
-2
0
11
31
-1
220
11
31
-3
-2
01
30
2
-6
-2
01
2
30
-9
-2
0
12
31
-1
220
1
31
-3 2
-2
01
30
3
-6
-2
01
30
3
-9
-2
01
3
0
Period
Full electric
Plug-in + range extended
18
Number of charging stations 2
Vehicle category
Bicycles
Scooter (including
Number full
Number plug-in
Total number of
Electric as
electric
hybrid
vehicles in the
percentage
Netherlands
of total
Regular charging stations
1,000,000
-
19,000,000
5.3%
22,902
-
1,122,000
2.0%
125
-
653,000
0.02%
access)
4,161
24,512
8,140,000
0.35%
Private
669
-
906,000
0.07%
73
-
5,000
1.46%
Public (freely accessible 24/7)
mopeds)
Semi-public (limited public
Motorcycles
Passenger cars
Delivery vans
Public transport
Fast-charging stations
buses *
Number installed
Nuber installed
Number installed
as of 31-12-2011
as of 31-12-2012
as of 31-12-2013
1,250
2,782
3,521
576
829
2,249
4,5005,500*
18,000**
63
106
14
Semi-public
lorries
39
-
140,000
* Including trolleybuses
0.03%
* Based on research conducted in 2012
** Based on research conducted in 2012, plus estimated increase based on number
of electric vehicles registered
The number of charging stations is steadily growing. In addition to the public and semipublic charging points that are easy to monitor, there are private charging points. The
Netherlands has approximately 0,8 charging stations per vehicle. According to European
guidelines, this must increase to 1,0 per vehicle. In addition, the guidelines require a
minimum of 10 percent publicly accessible charging points. The Netherlands has well
exceeded this percentage.
2
does not yet indicate whether the charging stations are public (or semi-public). In this report, we assume
that the E-Laad, Nuon, and Essent charging stations are public and that the remaining charging points in
19
Colophon
www.nederlandelektrisch.nl
This is a publication of:
NL Enterprise Agency
T +31 (0)88 602 2613
E [email protected]
www.rvo.nl
© NL Enterprise Agency | March 2014
NL Enterprise Agency is a department of the Dutch ministry of Economic Affairs that
implements government policy for sustainability, innovation, and international business
and cooperation. NL Enterprise Agency is the contact point for businesses, educational
and regulatory matters.
20

Electromobility in the Netherlands

Transcription

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