tqp cfit

rssN
1859-4581
tqp cfit
S cience
anf,Te c frno fo W J ournaf
of Agricufture st, Kuraf Devefopment
MINISTRY OF AGRICULTI,RE AND RI.]RAL DEVELOPMENT,
VIETNAM
2015
MUC tUC
TAP CHi
D
EGEIEF
& PHA| fRTEfl'{OTE
EOEE IEATT
tss{ taflt - 4!i8l
o
3-il
s6n
ti;fj;,
ulang
XUAN THj THU THAO, HOANG XUAN PH{JoNG, HO THI LA[/ TRA,
11-i5
NG_UYEN 0U0C NGHI, lVAt VAN NAM. Tac dOng crla ngudn
luc
xudt d6n hieu gua kt thuat cOa nong h6 ngheo trdng khom a
NAM THO MUoI LAM
-
ddn
NGUYEN THI Kllr/ ANH, VU T0 BANG. C6c nhdn t6 6nh hrrdnq
tiep can r'n dufg chinh tnic cda nong ho kong lda t;nh Kien Giarig
16 24
HiQu-qui srl dr;ng d6't cria nOng hd sau tich tu ddt nOng nghiep tr€n dia
bdn tinh Nam Dinh
sd 224 rAM 2o1s
XUAT BAN 1 THANG 2 KY
NGUYEN TH NIIC, I'IOUYEI'I TRONG PHLIOC, BUI CHiB(ru.
tudng t6c kidu gien ve m0i trudng lCn n5ng sudt crla bO gidng l0a n6p
lren cac vrrng sinf thd, khac nhau cia dcjnq bano sonq Cru Lono
25
LE HdNG EN, NGUvEN IHANH ivEt,-re H-Ar, r,rtuyEr,r
HOANH PHoNG, tE VAN IOAN, NGUYEN VAN KET, Nqhien cfu ch6
32.3s
SU
inolrc
rdNc erEN rAp
rs. eOr Huy xrEN
Df: 04.38345457
31
tao vat 'ieu sieu hap tru nudc bang ki thuet ghep br_rc xJ monome lan
nltdc ICn mun xd dra va budc dau d6nh gia hiou qua sil dung l6n cay
cd pho chd ( Coffea arablca)
trao
LE vAN TRONG, V0 THt THU HleN. Nghicn cfu mdt s6 chiti6u
doi nudc liCn quan d6n ndng sudt c0a mot s6 gidng lac ( Arachls
40-46
hypogaea L.) trdng tai Thanh H6a
rAr ANH THr-t, NGUYEN tvtNH HOANG AN, NcuyEN vAN oui.
dung m0 hinh Aquacrop trong md ph6ng ndng suet cay dau niinh hdng
trong dieu kien st dung nudc trdi
NGO HdNG BNH, NGUYEN THI THU HUoNG, NGUYEN IHI BicH
sir
ex6 r6r'tc e:Et r4e
plau xA lsAr
Pf: Q4.37711070
rn.s orJono rlerun lAr
47-53
HONG,
T"Hl THANH THAO. K6r que nghidn crlu dac didm
-NGUYEN
sinh tru6ng, phet tridn c0a gidng teo 11 Tao 0S
HOANG THI NGA, DAN/ THI THU HA, LE IHI THU TRANG, LA
NGHIA, NGUYCN THI NGoc HUE, NGUYEN THI THOY HANG, D6
DT: A4.37716634
TUAN
roA soAN - TRI Sv
Sd 10 Nguy6n COng Hoan
Quan Ba Dinh - Ha N6i
Dfi 04.37711072
64_69
HA THU. Nghien cuu da dang di truyen mot sd ngu6n gien c6y sen
(Nelumbo nucifera Gaenn.l d Vi6t Nam balg chr t1i SSR
quy
HOANG THI LE HANG, NGUYEN THI THU HUONG. Nghidn cfu
tflnh che bien bot dirn oudng dung cho ngud cao tudi tu cu khoai lang
Fax:04.37711073
7A-77
tim Nhat B;n (qiona Murasaiimasiri)
E-mail: [email protected]
Website :lyww.tapchikhoahocnongnghiep.m
TRUONG THI I\4ONG
HIEN. Nghien
ca l6c
BO pHAl,t THUoNG TRUC
IHU, NGUYEN THI NHU HA, TRAN THI THANH
cfu fng dung enzym bromelain tho trong
mrc
LA VAN KiNH, vLroNG NAtv TRUNG. Anh huano cia cac
kho6ng, vitamin vd can blng di6n gi6itrong kfrdu pndritOi sOc sdn xudt
135 Pasteur
Quan 3 - TP. Hd Cni Minh
78.85
sen xudt m5m
B6-93
cUa idn thit
DT/Fax: 08.38274089
XUAN
DINH VAN DONG, LE DiNH PHUNG, LE DIJC NGOAN, NGUYEN
BA. NGUYEN HW VAN. Anf'huolg cia mrJc pr0tein trong thdc a1 tinh
den phat thai khr me tan d bo vang Viet Nam nuoi vo b6o
94_1OO
_HI
Giiy ph6p s6:
4OO|GP - BVHTT
B0 Van
ioa - Th6ng tin cdp ngay 28
thang 12 nam 2000.
NGUYEN THI OUYEN. NGUYE\
KIIV LAN: NGUYEN THI NGAN. 101- 106
NGUYE'! VAN BANG, HOANG VAN HIEN. IVotdba oa aiuntronkVsinh
d duong tieu noa cda cho tai Phu Tro
VtJ KHAC HUNG, DUoNG VAN OUY BiNH, NGUYEN THI THU fi7.112
GIANG. TRINh THI THU HANG, DUONG BA IHANH DAN. Vi |(hUJN
Nocardia sp. gay oenh don kSng ci ca chin vay vang ( Trachinotus
Eiochii) nuoi tl-uong pl-dm tai not so ttnh Duyen hai NJm Trung bo
botca
NGUYENTHI NGOC ANH. Anh huong c0a vi6c thay ih6 protein
bang protein rcng bin ( Entercnoeha sp.) trong tluc dn cno ca ro phi
O reoch romi s niloti cu s)
NGO THI VAN ANH, TRAN L|EN HA. pHi THANH [,lAt. ]\4Ot sd ydu t6
113-119
(
G6ng ty cd phd:r Khoa hoc
c6rg
nghQ
vi
Hoing Qudc V:et
Dia ch?: Sd 18 Hodng eudc Vi€t,
Nghia 96, Cdu Gidy, Hd Ndi
Gie: 20.000d
anh
120.12:
huorg ddl vi khLdn Laclobacl/us plantarun Si co (ha rang len ren
san xuAi axit lactic tuxelobioza
IHU HUONG, NGUYEN VAN TUAN, DLToNG VAN HIdU, Lien k6t
ing cay gidng trong rung sdn xJ6t tinh Dong Nai
TRA\ VA\ CON, NGUYEN IOAN IHANG, VU TIEN LAIV, TRAN
HOANG OUY. Arh h.rong cua ki lhuat ghdp den ry le song va s rts
t'Udng choi ghep loai De ann 1 Castanopsis prifory,s J,:-- t
VU
tro'r-g cnuoi cung
A.Camus)
LE ANH HUNG. Ph6n cdp phdng hO cho cac toai hinh srl dung ddt iArn
nong nghiep vung d6i nui luu vuc song Thu Bdn
fr
=
T
KHOA rrgc CoNG
lroHl
rAc oOrue cun ruaudru lu- c sAru xuAr oEru rnEu auA
xY rHuAr cun ruOruE HO rueuEo rndrua xudpr s
rirulr nEru ErANG
Neuycn Qudc Nghil, Mai Ven Nam'z
l6MTAT
Mgc ti€u cria nghi€n cftr ndy nhim danh gid tr4,c dong cria ngudn ft1c san xudt atdn hieu qua ky thuat cta
ndng hQ nghio trdng kh6m (dria) d tinh Tidn Giang. Thdng qua c6ch tidp cAn 2 buoc (two-step approach),
nghien cft-l rl,ng dung m6 hinh DEA (Data Envolopment Analysis) vd phan tich MLR (Multiple Linear
Regression - Hdi quy tuydn tinh tla muc ti€u) nhim gidi quydt mqc tiou da dat ra. Dn leu nghicn cf'u aluaa
thu thap tu 98 hO nghdo trdng kh6m d vung nguyen lieu kh6m Tan Phuoc, tinh Ti6n Giang, noi co vung
chuy€n canh khom lo,n nhdt tldng bing sdng Ciru Long. Kdt qua phAn tich cho thdv rang, hieu qul ky thuit
cta hd nghdo trdng kh6m dat dugc tuong ddi kh6 tdt, mdt sd hO nghdo dqt alugc hieu qua ky thuat tdi uu.
qui ky thudt cua
Quan trong hoTr, kdt qui phan tich da chi ra 4 ngudn luc quan trong inh hudng ddn hieu
kg
thuitvd
di6n tich s6n
d6
tidp
can
h6 ngheo trdng kh6m ld: kinh nghiQm sin xudt, trinh do hoc vdn, mric
qul
cta
h0 nghio
ky thuat
xudt. Trong d6, ydu td mtc dO tidp c4n ky thuQt tac tlQng mqnh nhdt ddn hi€u
trdng kh6m d tinh Tidn Giang.
Tirl<h6u Hi€u qai
I{
thuit, ngadn luc
sdn
xuAt
sdn
phdm khdm, ndng h0.
t.oiT uiifl08
N6ng nghigp vln la mot khu vuc quan trang ddi
voi su phdt trien kinh te - xa hoi o rung tl6ng bang
song Cuu long noi chung va hnh Tien Giang noi
ri6ng. la mot trong nhting dia phuong duqa thien
fi€n uu d6i, nhidu ndm qua, nganh nOng nghi€p tinh
Tidn Giang kh0ng chi g6p phan thuc hiOn vai tro rlAm
bdo an ninh lusng thuc ma con la noi cung cap sin
hrong trai cdy lon nhdt trong ving. Nhidu loai b:ai c0y
-gan
voi ten tu6i clia tlia phuong tla dqm bi6t
tl4c san
ddn trdn pham vi ci num nhrr xodi cit Hda L4c, vti
Rdn, thanh long Chq Gao hay kh6m T2n Lap.
sfa
Ddc bi€t, voi dien tich san xudt kh6m hon 15.000 ha,
Trdn Giang tla trd thnnh vung chuy€n canh kh6m ldn
nhdt cri nurc. Hang ndm, Tidn Giang orng cdp cho flri
b-uong khoring 260.000 tiin khom ddp riTrg nhu cdu
ti6u dirng trong nu6c vd xudt khdu. Hon 20 nam gdn
ll
b6 voi ciy kh6m, nOng h0 tr6ng kh6m 6 tinh Tidn
Giang tla c6 nhidu kinh nghiQm trong phuong ph6p
canh tilc. Tiry nhiOn, hoat tlQng sln xudt kh6m cira
nhidu nOng hO van cdn khdng it kh6 khdn, ddc bict ld
ndng h0 nghdo bi han chd vd ngudn luc sln xudl
Theo Marsh et al (2007), nguoi nghdo 1d ndng din
thudmg chidm tf lO 1on vd ho thudng thi6u kg thuat
san xudt do bi han chd vd ngudn lqc san xudl Ntun
2014,
$
le h0 nghdo tai vung chuy€n canh khdm Tan
Phuoc, tinh Tidn Giang lir 17,4%.
DE ld mdl
trong
nhung thech ftrrc md tlia phuong cdn phii vrryi qua il6
dat duoc muc ti€u xiy drmg vung chuydn canh kh6m
theo hu6ng san xrdt tidn tidn. Dd dal tlu.c diilu do,
vicc lam tnroc m6t li cdn phai ci,i thic. n ngudn 1r-r: san
xudt cho h0 nghdo. Chinh vi thd, muc tieu dimh gie
tic ddng ora ngudn lus san xudt ddn hi€- u qui kt thuat
cia h0 ngheo trdng kh6m le rdt cen Ori6L Kdt qui
nghi€n criu s€ ld co s& hhoa hoc quan trqng dd nganh
nOng nghiQp Tidn Giang tham khio, xiy dtmg chrrong
trinh hanh dOng nham niing cao n;ing luc sin xudl. cdi
thi6.n hic. u quA ki thuat cho h0 nghdo tr6ng kh6m.
2.
PffiTSNUiP]*IGIHfi'
2.1.
Dt lieu nghien dm
irm ndy tlurc thu thap hr cuOc
tlidu tra tnrc ti6p 98 nong h0 nghdo trdne kh6m 6
huyOn Tan Phuoc, tinh Tidn Giang. C6c ndng hd
nghdo trdng kh6m duoc chon theo phuong phfp
Dir
li-eu cria nghiOn
thuan tiOn c6 tlidu kiQn (tlia ban hanh chinh va qui m0
canh tlc). Edi tuqmg duoc chen ph6ng vdn tr.rrc ti6p ld
chir h0 - nguoi tuc tidp tham gia san xudt vd quy6t
tlinh diu tu sdn xudt khom. MOl sri thong tin chung ve
tlac ttidm cira hO ngheo trdng kh6m 6 tinh Tidn Giang
du.oc finh briy fong bang 1.
ti5 - qTKD, Trudng Dai hqc Cdn Thrr
Sau Dqi hgc. Truong Dai hoc Can Tho
Khoa Kinh
:' Khoa
t5
NONG NGHTCp vA pxAr rnlE'tt NONG IHON -
Ki I
- THANG l0/2015
l1
KHOA Hgc cOilG NGHi
Bang
1.
Neudn lrrc sin xudt cia nOng hQ nghdo
khom d huyOn Tin Phurc
Ti6u chi
Don vi
tinh
Sci nhrin
khdu
lao tldng sin xudt
khdm
Didn tich trdng kh6m
Sd ndm
kinh nghiOm
Trinh tld hoc vdn cria
chrl h0
Trung D0 bch
binh chudn
Neuoi/h0 4,00
1,665
Nguryi/hd 2,00
0,959
1.000 m'z
9,08 9357,242
l\ am
6,82
l\am dl
hoc
5,61
Nguon: So lieu rlieu tra ctla ncgid, nan
2.2. Phuong ph6p nghicn criu
5,108
3,098
20/j
Nghi€n cdu n:iy tluoc thuc hiOn theo phuorg
phap tidp can hai giai doan (two-step approach). Ddu
ti6n, dd do ludng hidu qu:i ky thu6t cira h0 ngheo
trdng khom, m0 hinh DEA duoc ri'ng dung. Sau do,
c6c ydu td li6n quan ddn ngldn luc sin xudt crla hd
nghdo trdng kh6m (trinh rl0, kinh nghi€m, lao ddng
gia clinh, muc rl0 tidp can kt thuat vd di€n tich sin
xudt kh6m) duoc dua vio md hinh hdi quy tuydn tinh
da bidn nham giAi thich su thay rldi cria hidu qui lry
thuat.
2.2.1. Uic luqng hipu qu:i ky thu6t bdng m6
DE4
hith
DEA (Data Envolopment Analysis) ld mOt
phuong ph6p phi tham sd uoc luorlg hidu qui k!
thuAt cira chir thd san xudt trong n6ng nghi€p. DEA
la mOt tip hqp phuong trinh tuydn tinh iluoc lAp trinh
boi Fanell (1957) dd tinh toan biOn phi tham sd va
hi€u qui cu thd bang cach so sriurh ddu vao vi aldu ra
co aluoc trong qu6 trinh sin xudt cia m6t ,,alon vi ra
quydt tltnh" (hd sAn xudt). Theo Farrell (1957), hicu
quA lq; thudt duoc thd hicn bing ti sd giaa nang sudt
thuc td va nang sudt tdi da ma n6ng hd c6 thd ilat
duoc trong didu ki€n ky thuat va luo,ng dAu vdo hidn
tai. DEA sE xdc dinh duong bi6n hi€u quA chung cria
ciic hd sin xudt vA didm hi€u qud ki thuit crla h0 niio
nam tren duong bien ndy duoc cho la dat hieu qud ky
thuat. Theo d6, Coelli (1996) da phrit tridn mot
chuorg trrnh mdy hrlh (DEAp) de thuc hien mo hinh
DEA manh m6 hon vni nhi6u lua chon khdc nhau
thdng qua da giai doan (Alemclar vd Oren. 2006).
Trong nghien crru nay. mo hrnh DEA dinh htrons
dau vao theo quy mo co dinh duoc t}iet lap nhu sau:
t2
NONG NGHtEp vA pnAr
TE, = min\O,. Rdng buOc: -! + y), > 0;
0;
)':0.
0,X,_
Xl
)
Trong &i: X uA Y lin ltet lA vector dAu vdo v)
vector diu ra; 0, 1z) hi€u qui lrV thudt crta h0 thft i
theo quy md cA' dinh; ). (tLrl) drcrc xzic dinh boj mdi
quan h€ tuydn ttnh g:ina ciic h6 siin xuil't kltom cins
nhom vot ho thu i: vtyi 0._0.< /; niu 0.= l ttti ho clang
sen xuAt ten duong bi€n higu qut4, do dd h6 se dat
higu quti kl tltuet Ngrqc Ia, ndu 0,<1 tH h6 chua dat
hi€u qui kV thuAt
2.2.2. MO hinh h6i quy tuydn tlnlt xzic dinh mic
dQ tic &)ng cia ngu6n lqc srin xu lt ddn hi€u qud lc,
thuit c a hO nghio trdng khdm
Trong n0ng nghi€p, cric ydu td lien quan ddn
nguon luc san xuar khd da dang va chting co the ton
tai ducri hinh th6i vAt chdt ddt dai, phuong ti€n sin
xudt, ngudn luc lao ddng (Marsh et al.. 200D. Vicc
tln dgng hqp l]t cac ngudn luc sAn xudt se mans lai
hieu qu6 .r. trong san xuat nong nghiep. Tronfdo,
ngudn nhin luc hay ngudn luc lao ddng tluor: xem ld
y6u t0 quan trong hang tldu. Ngudn luc vd con nguoi
duo'r: thd hien khdng chi bang sd luong ma con bine
chdt luung suc lao dong duoc sti dung vdo nOng
nghi€p. Chdt luong lao rl6ng g6m cA nhnng y6u td vd
tri thtirc, ky ndng, kinh nghi0m. B6n canh do, trinh d6
hoc vdn duor xem ia van de then chot trong su phat
tri6n, trinh d0 hoc vdn cao giup cho ndng hO tang
cuong khA ndng nim b6t thOng tin, dd dring img
dung khoa hoc Lg thuat vao sAn xudt, su dung hidu
quei cic ngudn luc ddu vdo, tlidu tl6 girip nOng
din
canh tac nOng nghi€p tlat hidu qui hon fiIuffrnan.
1977; Foster vd Rosennveig, 1996: yang, 2004).
Ngodi ra, trong trdng trot, ddt dai la tu lieu sin xudt
chri ydu va khdng th6 thay thd duoc, quy mO ddt dai
nhidu hay it cnng ld ydu td anh huong ddn hi6u quA
san xuat cua nong ho (Nglyen The Nha va Vu D;h
Thing, 2004). Dua vdo cdc thdng tin li€n quan vua
duoc luoc khio, theo do mO hinh hdi quy tuydn tinh
duoc thi€lt lAp nhu sau:
TE= Bo + BI{INHNGHIEM + BTTRINHDO +
BTTIEPCANI{T + B4L4ODONGGD + BpIENTICH
Trons: dd: p, lA hQ s6'@t (hdng s6); /l,le lte sd
tiic dQng' cia cic bidn dQc ljp dd.i voi bidn phu thuAc.
Y li bien phu thuoc rtuoc do luong btlng.iiCu qua l<J,
thuQt cfia hQ ngheo sin xueT kh6n. Czic bidn dQc I|p
KTNHNGHIEM TRTNHDO, TIEPCANKL
LAODONGGD, DIENTICH duo. c tli6n g:itii cu thd
nhu sau:
rnrE"ru
NONG THON - KV
I
_
THANG
to/2ots
]'
Bdng 2. Di6n gini c6c bidn tlQc l{p trong md hinh hdi quy trydn tinh
ao va
thti i
i mdi
cing
,
Bidn sd
.KINHNGHMM
Dm vi finh
Nam
iHocvaN
Nem
;TIEPCANKT
Lan
)
amg
:e o2r
a dat
,m*c
uew
oen
C
ton
r san
vlec
rg lar
g oo,
:m la
rguoi
bing
r0ng
TAODONGGD
,nmNlCft
3. IGT
Bing
ti
DO+
)H
eso
udc.
drt
rKl
thd
-
0,70
-0.79
0,89
nf)
n1ng hO)
nf)
19,39
7.729,79
7,t4
r429
1.736.51
n,o5
1.740,10
21,87
1.790,01
42,70
0,5 - 0.59
20,41
1.612,99
%,57
t.7u,6l
115,18
<0,5
3,06
1.583,04
293.73
(r9)
1..717,57
60,06
0,,1&1,00
925,0G
2.352.94
540,18
0,60
nffi,
0,99
0,80
0,69
lrung binh
G{OTI.])
)0 rong
0,77
0,00 -
)0
lOch chudn
0,16
2.45.98
113.73
Nga6n: Kdt qui phdn ach DEA tu sd lieu khlio
s4t nAm 2014
Ghi chn: (HQTUs): sd ha dat hieu que
6i
uu
Chi sd hieu qui ki thuit theo m0 hinh DEA
tniong hap tdi thidu h6a ddu vdo nim trong khoang
tu 0 tldn bing 1. Ndu he sd ndy bing 1 c6 nghia 1)
h0 san xudt kh6m tlat hicu qui ki thuat tdi uu, nh6
hon 1 co nghia ld h0 chua dat hi6u que ky thuat. Kdt
qui phdn tich cho thdy, hiOu qul kg thuat cira h0
nghdo sAn xudt kh6m dat tluqa ld 0,77 voi d0 rong
NONc
NGHTEP
vA pnAr
hrinh tidt ki6m vd dat hi€u qui vd kg, tfiuit- Ben
c.anh tl6, sd hd dat hieu qua ky thuat t6i ru (IE = 1)
chi chidm 19,39% tren tdng sd h0- Yoi mric ndng
sudt kh6m hi€n tai, ndng h0 nghdu da iang phi gAn
30% cfc y6u t6 nhAp iuong. Chi ti6t tung y6u td tlu. c
trinh bdy trong bing 4. Ngoai ra, voi mric hi€u quA
kf thuil dat duqc chra tdi uu, hd nghio ala ll6nh mdt
phan ning sudt c6 thd tlat tldn ndu bi& sri drlng ciic
ngudn tldu vio hqp 11j hon. Trung binlr" h0 neheo da
dlnh mdt ldroing 60,06 fu L*r6ml1.000 m2 trong
truong hqp san xudt theo phuung phip hien tri. Muc
sin h.lqng bi mdt cao nhdt len tldn 5110,18 kg/1.000
m'z- C6 th€ thdy rang, n6u nhu hi€u qui kt thuat crla
ndng hQ nghdo tl4t tluoc cdng cao thi ning sudt
kh6m bi tldt thodt cang thdp, ttdng thoi sq lang phi
cdc ydu t6 ddu vdo trong siin xudt c-nng s€ it hcm.
Bing 4. Lr@g leng phi c6c yCu td tldu vALo iua h0
kh6m
ISng
vio
Thrrc tC
Gidng (cayl1000 ml
Phan b6n (kel1000 m1
2.U7,56
83,60
87.80
14,00
Ihudc BVTV 0itl1000 m'?)
Khi de ftg/1000m1
Nhi€n lidu (htl1000 m'z)
78,43
32,U
0,57
0,14
2,65
0.68
Lao dong thu€ (nedv/1000 m'z)
2,00
0,18
Ddu
kha 16rr (0,479 - 1,000). Chi sd ndy cho thdy, voi muc
nang sudt tla dat duqa thi nOng hd chi cdn sit dung
[5
luong dAu vio da dung. Nga'.ii 14 kdt qua cung
n6i len rdng h0 sAn xudt kh6m c6 TE nhti hon 1 nen
tidn hanh eiam thidu clc ydu td tfdu uio tf6 thuc
77%
qui kf thuit vri ning sudt cua hO nghdo
kfi6m
qud
HiQu
Ning sudt Neng sudt
kgthu4t thqc td
bi mdt
hi€u qui
(yte % (kc/I.000 (ks/l.000
0,90
dan
tinh
IIGIIEII HIIJ U[ ilAO I.UIN
1,00
fmg
hi9u
vtra
tlui
3. Hie,u
Gid
tAng
)inh
Tudn KiCt. Hr,ra ffinTni (2013)
3.1. HiQu qun ky dru& cua h0 nghdo bdng kh6m
phat
qua
1000 m'z
cuu
ndo
xudt
t oar
Ngdy/vu
Ngudn: Tdng hqp crta Lic g:iti
t0 vC
)04).
Di€n siei biCn
Neudn minh chdns
tri tuong ring voi sd nim kdng Yans Qmq,Hufflll,ffi (lW7),
kh6m cria nguoi san xudt chinh
Foster & Rosenzweie (1996)
gi6
Nhan
ti h"iong ring voi s6 ndm tl6n Yang (2ffi4), Huturn (1974,
truorne cuangu0i san
dt chinh
Foster & Rosenzweie (1996) ,
Nh6n gi:i tui tuong rmg sd lan tham du Nguyen Vtu Song (2$4, Quan
tAp hudn ki thuit cua nguai san xudt
Minl Nhut (2010)
chinh trong m nghidn oiu
Nhan gi6 tri hrorg ring voi sd ngay cong Hulnh Truong Huy & I-c Tdn
lao tl6ng gia dinh phuc rn sin xudt
Nghicm (2008)
kh6m
Nhan gia tri tumg (mg voi di€n tich san Nguycn Th6 Nh6, Ve Dinh
Kudt kh6m cAa nong h0 trong \,L nghien Thdng (2004), TrusEg Hdng Vd
Nhan giA
Dhi
Lao tlOne sia dinh (nsdv/1000 m'?)
t2,32
1.71
Ngu6n: Kdt qui phan tich DEA nr sd ligu khio sit
ndm 2014
TRtdN NoNG THON - KV
I
- THANG
to/2ots
lj
KHOA IIOC GOilG ilGHE
qui
3.2. Srr,lic dQng cua ngudn lrc san xudt ddn hi€u
lri thunt cua n6ng h0 nghdo trdng kh6m
Kdt qui ph6n tich hdi qui cho thdy, mric 1i nghia
cria m6 hinh = 0,00 nh6 hon rdt nhidu so voi muc c =
1%, vi th6 m0 hinh hdi qui tluor: thidt lap phi hqp, hic
ld c6c ydu td ngudn lrrc c6 inh huong ddn hi€u quA
ki thuat. Voi d0 ph6ng tlai phuong sai grIF) cia c6c
bidn trong mO hinh nh6 ho,n 4, c6 th6 kdt ludn m0
hinh khOng c6 hiOn tumrg da c0ng tuydn (Mai Ven
Nam, 2008). Ddng thcri, kdt quA kidm dinh Hettest c6
gi6 tri Prob>Chi, lon hon rdt nhidu so voi mric f
nghia n =5% n€n c6 thd kdt luAn m0 hinh khdng bi
hien tugng phuong sai sai sd thay tldi. He sd F hieu
chinh = 0,198 c6 5i nghia ring 19,8% sq bidn thi€n cira
hicu qui ki thuAt duoc giii thich bcri cac ydu td 1i0n
quan tl€jn ngudn luc siLn xudt.
5. I(6t
I(6t quA ohan tich hdi
tinh tla bi6n
Bi6n tlQc
l{p
i
He s6
(B)
Gi6 Mrtc
tri t nghia
0,0045
He
sd
YIF
{INHNGHIEM
IRINHDO
IIEPCANKT
3.81
0,000
1,12
0,0126
5,95
0.000
1,07
0.0565
8.76
0,000
1.06
JODONGGD
]IENTICH
0.0006 0,56
-0.0029 -3.74
0.578
1,03
0,000
1,02
ling sd
le sri ffhieu
0.6382
31.18 0.000
chinh
0,198
>ig.F cda mo hinh
flettest @rob>Chi)
0,57E
0.000
Ngu6n: Sd lieu di6u h'a oia tic gjti, 2014
Dua vdo kdt quA phan tich cho thdy, trong 5 ydu
td tlua v;io md hinh thi c6 4 ydu td anh huong ddn
hi0u qui kt thuat cira hd nghdo trdng kh6m. Didu
cho thdy rang, c6c ydu td lien quan ddn ngudn
luc sin xudt, tlec bi€t la ngudn nhin luc ld rdt quan
trong ddi voi hi€u qui ky thuAt cria h0 nghdo trdng
kh6m. Mric tld tac ddng cria tung ydu td rluoc giai
thich cu thd nhu sau:
ndLy
Mti'c d0 tidp
dn kI thuAt QIEPCANLT)
dtroc xem
la ydu td c6 su anh huong quan trong nhdt tldn hi€u
qui
k! thuat cua hQ ngheo trdng kh6m. H€ sd Lic dOng cua
bidn sd niy c6 tac ddng duong ddi voi hiQu qui ky thuit
6 mrrc
f
nghia
trong didu kiQn aic ydu td khac khOng
ddi. Nhu vdy, c6 thd thdy dng ndu h6 ngheo duoc tidp
can cang nhidu voi cac chuong trinh tAp hudn, hoi ftao,
chuy6n giao ti6n bd k! thuit thi hi€u qui ky thuAt cua
hQ nghdo sC duoa nang cao. Didu nay cho thdy var fd
quan trqng cua tidn bd ki thu{t trong vicc nang cao
ndng sudt san x:udt kh6m. Ydu tii quan trong thu hai co
mrrc d0 anh huong khdng nh6 rldn hi€u qui ky ttruat
I4
1%
cira hd nghdo trdng kh6m ctinh ld h.inh d0 hoc udn
SRI ryIDO).Bien sd ndy c6 h0 sd tric ddng duong vd c6
f nghia th6ng ke d mric 1%. Trong tlidu kiOn cic ydu td
khric khOng tl6i, ndu trinh tld hoc vdn cua h0 nghdo
trdng kh6m tltror: cai thi€n thi hiCu qui lri thu|t se tluoc
ndng cao. Chung minh nay phri hqp voi kdt qui nghidn
r--
cuu cua Yang (2004), Huffrnan (1970, Foster va
Rosenzweig (1996). Day h ydu td can rlum xem trong
ndu mu6n xAy drmg mdt ndn nOng nghiQp hi6.n d4r, ti€n
tidn. B€n canh d6, kinh nghi€m sin
ruA:t
(IilNHNGHIEM c&a hd nghdo ctng tac dOng tich crrc
tldn hiCrr quA ky thuit vd bidn nay c6 y nghia thdng k6 6
mdc 1%. N6u nhu ciic y€lu td khac khOng ddi, sd nem
kinh nghi€m trong hoat d0ng trdng kh6m cdng cao, dac
bict ndu hd ngheo bidt kdt hqp voi kidn thrrc tidn bO k!
thuAt thi hi€u qui
.:r.-:
-:_;er
ki
thuat se aing tdt hon.
Trong khi do, die,n h'ch sdn xudt (DIENmCI,
clng c6 1i nghia thdng kC 6 mtrc 1%, tuy nhi€n didn tich
lai c6 Lic along am ddi voi hi€u qui ky thuat cua h0
nghdo trdng kh6m. Tu thuc td, tli6u ndy c6 thd tlurc
g:ii thich trong rlidu kidn bi Sroi han vd c6c ngudn luc
sin xudt ndu tdng dien tich canh tac thi khi neng thidu
ngudn lrrc san xudt ngdy cang trdm trong. Ho,n thd nira,
$, srl dung ciic ngudn lrc tldu tu kiri
tAng qui m0 cfrng khOng kha quan n€n anh huong ti6u
crrc tldn hi6u qui ki thuit cia nong h0 nghdo. Ngoai
ra, m{c dir ydu ttt lao dQng g:ia dkh (IAODONGGD)
khdng c6 nghia thdng kC, tuy nhi€n ddu crja h0 sd
kha nang quan
1,. r)
:-r:n
l:lg
i
:iOn
(
:3rar
Jhar
j
u6c luo'ng cira bi€in ndy c6 gid tri duo,ng, cho thdy su tiic
tldng tich crc cia lao dOng gia dinh ddi voi hi€u qui k9
thu4t trong sin xudl Trong chimg muc niio tl6, lao
ddng thu€ aluor cho ld kh0ng hidu qui bing cOng lao
rlOng gia alinh, bd chinh chri thd san xudt moi c6 nhidu
tdm huy6t vii su nhi€t tinh trong lao d0ng tr€n diOn tich
san xudt cua minh (Irdhi, 2010) .
4.
tfituflrl
Nhin chung, kdt qui nghi€n cuu dd cho thdy rang
ndng hd ngheo trdng khom d tinh Tidn Giang tlat hi€u
qui ky thudt kh6 ttit, voi muc hi€u qui ki thuit trung
binh ld 0,77. Phdn nang sudt bi thdt thoit d ndng luc
s6n xudt hidn tai ciia n0ng hd ngheo ld kh6 lo,n, voi
60,06 kg khom/1.000 m,. Kinh nghi€m canh tiic,
dQ hoc vdn,
mric tld ti6p cin
trinh
lri
thuAt 1i nh[hrg ydu td
quan
1i0n
ddn ngudn ltrc con nguoi c6 su tiic d6ng tich
cuc tldn hi6u qui ky thuit trong sin xudt kh6m cta
n0ng hd nghdo. Trong tl6, mric rl0 tidp c6n ki thuit ld
y€u td c6 tac ddng quan trqng nhdt. Didu ndy da
chr?ng t6 vai trd quan treng cira vidc ti6p can va 6p
dung cdc phuong thuc canh tiic ti€n tidn trons san
NONG NGHtEp vA prAr rnrE'r,r NONG THON - KV r - THANG
to/2ots
t{o{
KHOA HOC CoilO NOHI
van
ac6
ut0
:hdo
trior
:Iicn
ang
tiCn
rudt
c1rc
{ed
ram
oac
) l{y
cq
tich
.no
iroc
\rc
llerr
rtra,
khi
ICu
IOal
;D)
)so
'tAc
lKy
xudt nOng nghiOp hien tlai nhAm cai thi€n hi€u qui vd
ning cao thu nh|p cho ngrroi nOng dan.
rfiLm fimK[io
1.
2.1:
A
Coelli T. J. (1996). A Guide to DEAP Version
Data Envelopment Analysis (Computer)
Program. Center for Efftciency and Productivity
Analysis, University of New England, Australia.
2. Farrell, M. J. (1957). The measurement of
productive efficiency. Journal of the Royal Statistical
Society: Series A, 21: 253-81.
3.
A
D. and Rosenzweig, M. R. (1996).
Technical Change and Human Capital Returns and
lnvestments: Evidence from the Green Revolution.
American Economic Review, 86(4): 931-953.
4. Huynh Truong Huy & tr Tdn Nghiem
(2008). Thu nhip vd da dang h6a thu nhAp cira nOng
hd 6 d6ng bdng sOng Criu tong. Tal 1i0u Chuong
trinh NPTANM/0l3 Co sd cho phit tridn doanh
Foster,
td
7. Mai Van Nam, 2008. Kinh
luqng
(Rconometris). Hd NOi: NXB Ven h6a Thdng tin.
8. Marsh S. P., MacAulay T. G. and Hmg P. V.
(eds), 2007. furicultural development and land policy rn
Vietnam: policy briefs. ACIAR Monograph No.126,72p.
9. NguyCn Thd Nh6, V[ alinh Thin 9,2002. Gii;o
trinh kinh td nOng nghiOp. Nhiir xudt ban Thdng ke.
Ha Noi.
10. Nguy0n Van Song (2004) . Hieu qui ki thuat vd
mdi quan h€ voi ngudn hrc con nguci fong sin rrrdt hia
cria n0ng din ngoai thdnh Ha Ndi. Tham khlo tai:
http://www.vnua.edu.vn:85/tc khktnn/UploadTo5CSX
uacuanongdanngoaithanh kFtnt452006.pdf
11. Quan Minh Nhut vd Nguy0n Qu6c Nghi
(2010). Giai phep nang cao hi€rr quA ung dung tidn b0
ky thuat trong san xudt lia 6 tinh Ddng Thrp. Dd tai
nghi€n cri'u khoa hoc cdp tinh. So Khoa hoc & COng
nghc tinh Ddng Th6p.
nghic. p vua va nh6 vd n0ng hQ d ddng bdng s0ng Criu
Truong Hdng, Vo Tudn Ki€t vd Hna Tdn Tai,
nhA. p ndng
h0: trudrng hqp xa Mi Tu, huy€n My Tri, tinh S6c
The Role of Human Capital. Quarterly Journal of Trang. Tap chi Khoa hoc Truong Dai hoc Cdn Tho.
Fronomics. Vol. 9l(797 h : 5*7 9.
Sd 28 D (2013), trang 7$83.
6. l,odhi, A H. A. (2010). Land, labour and
13. Yang, D. T. (2004). Education and allocative
agrarian transition in Vietnam. Journal of Agrarian efficienry: household income groxth during rural
Change. Vol. 10. No. 4, pp.56,f580.
refoms in China. Journal of Development
Economics. Vol. 74, pp.l37- 162.
Long. Hd N0i: Nhd xudt ban Gieo duc, trang 16 -184.
5. Huffrnan, W.E. (1977). Allocative efficiency:
12.
2013. Anh huong sd hcru tldt tlai tldn thu
IMPACT OF PRODUCTION RESOIJRCES ON TECHMCAL EFFICMNCY OF POOR
PINEAPPLES NARMING INTMN GIANG PROVINCE
1ao
Nguyen Quoc Nghi, Mai Van Nam
lao
Summary
[eu
fich
The study aims to determine the impact of production resources to the technical ef[ciency of poor
households who have been growing pineapples in Tien Giang province. Through the two-step approach, the
rtd
research applied models of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) to
address the objective given. Research data were collected from 98 the poor households which is in Tan
Phuoc material input in Tlen Giang province. This is intensive area which is the largest region for pineapplegowing in Mekong delta. The results showed that the technical efficiency of the poor households was
relatively good, some others get optimum efEciency. Moreover, the analysis results showed that there are
four important resources affecting techdcal efficiency of the poor households as production experience,
education, level approach of technical advancement and area of production. In particular, level approach of
technical advancement is tlle most impact to technical efficiency of tlle furmer households growing
pireapple in Tien Giang province.
ich
IGywords: Technical eftciency, production resources, pineapple, households.
cua
Ngudi phan biQn: TS. Nguy6n Thlng
ang
Li€u
rng
I!rc
voi
inh
rl)
oa
ttp
san
t5
Ngny nhan bei: 15/5/2015
Ngdy thdng qua phan biQn: 75/6/2015
Ngdy duyQt tlang: 22/6/2015
NONG NGHTFP VA PHAT
TRTEN
NONG THON - KY
I
- THANG tO/2O15
ll