TSUBASA(Wing)PILE
Transcription
TSUBASA(Wing)PILE
TSUBASA (Wing) PILE TM (Civil Engineering Edition) Rotary Penetration Steel Pipe Pile with Toe Wing Introduction In recent years, environmental measures, cost reduction, and earthquake protection have been highlighted as issues in construction work. To resolve these issues, JFE Steel has developed a rotary penetration steel pipe pile with a toe wing called Tsubasa (Wing) Pile and put it into practical use in 1999. Since then, the Tsubasa (Wing) Pile has been highly evaluated for its low environmental load during construction and widely used in various fields. There are two types of Tsubasa (Wing) Pile : an "Open-end" type and a "Closed-end" type, and they can be selected based on their features. This Civil Engineering Edition* is newly available as an integrated Tsubasa (Wing) Pile catalog of the two types. We hope to receive your continued patronage in the future. * The Building Construction Edition is also available for building foundation work. Please also see the catalog. Contents Introduction 1 Features of Tsubasa (Wing) Pile 3 Open-end Type 5 Closed-end Type 7 Material Specifications 9 Accessories 10 Design of Tsubasa (Wing) Pile 11 Precautions for Design 13 Construction of Tsubasa (Wing) Pile 14 Official Authorization of Tsubasa (Wing) Pile 17 Construction Organization 18 * Tsubasa (Wing) Pile™ is a trademark of JFE Steel Corporation. 1 Open-end Type Closed-end Type 2 Features of Tsubasa (Wing) Pile TM The Tsubasa (Wing) Pile is a steel pipe pile with a toe wing and has various features as shown below. 1 Environmentally Friendly Environmentally-friendly construction by rotary penetration. Applicable even in urban areas Low noise and low vibration Generates no waste soil at all! Requires no soil transport trucks No costs required for disposal of soil 2 High Bearing Capacity 3 Uses no cement milk Causes no groundwater contamination Easy to Withdraw Easily removed by reverse rotation. High end bearing capacity and pull-out resistance. Easily pulled out by reverse rotation High bearing capacity due to toe wing 3 Pull-out resistance by anchor effect Tsubasa (Wing) Pile eTM Open-end Type Larger diameter (700 mm or larger) and more suitable for hard ground than the closed-end type. Widens the scope of application Hard intermediate layer Large diameter, more suitable for hard ground Supporting layer Closed-end Type Simple and low-cost structure. High horizontal resistance Above the ground: Temperature varies widely Hundreds of construction results centering on small and medium diameters (up to φ600mm). Improves the horizontal resistance with enlarged pile head. Under the ground: Almost constant temperature Enables the inner space to be utilized such as for underground heat exchange. Winter : Takes in the underground heat Summer : Releases the ground surface heat 4 Open-end Type Pile Structure Lifting lug (Pile end steel pipe) (Field-welded joint) Toe wing (Factory-welded joint) Upper pile (or medium pile) Lower pile Pile End Structure Dp A standard wall thickness is determined for each pile end steel pipe depending on the pile diameter. Reinforcing plates may be added to the inside of the pile end for convenience of construction. Pile end steel pipe Dw = 1.5 to Toe wing 2.0Dp (Inside the pile: Reinforcing plate) Scope of Application of Pile Lower toe wing (Reinforcing plate) Steel pipe Intersection of toe wings The scope of application* of the Tsubasa (Wing) Pile (open-end type) is as follows. For the other applications, please consult us in advance. Pile diameter (Dp) B A-A B Upper toe wing Wing diameter (Dw) φ318.5 to φ1600 mm Dp = φ318.5 to φ1200 mm : Dw = Dp × 1.5 to 2.0 Dp = φ1300 to φ1600 mm : Dw = Dp × 1.5 Steel pipe Dp Pile end steel pipe ts A Toe wing A Dwi Dw B-B 5 t (Reinforcing plate) tw Maximum penetration depth 77m Soil property Supporting layer Hardness Sandy soil, gravel Pile inclination angle Max. 15° N value : 30 or higher *The scope of application stated in Construction Technology Review Certification No.1013 "Tsubasa (Wing) Pile (OpenEnd Type)", March 2011. Tsubasa (Wing) Pile eTM Standard Pile Dimensions The most standard dimensions of the Tsubasa (Wing) Pile (open-end type) are shown below for each pile diameter. For the application of other dimensions or specifications, please consult us in advance. Wall thickness of steel pipe : t/Dp 1.3% (9 mm or more) Toe wing diameter : 1.5 times the pile diameter Standards for pile and pile end steel pipe : SKK490 Standards for toe wing : SM490A Steel pipe Pile end steel pipe Toe wing *1 Wing thickness t w (mm) *1 Pile diameter Dp (mm) Wall thickness t (mm) Outer diameter of wing Dw (mm) Inner diameter of wing Dwi (mm) 318.5 9 477.8 159.2 19 10 355.6 9 533.4 177.8 22 10 400 / 406.4 9 600 to 609.6 200 / 203.2 22 10 450 / 457.2 9 675 to 685.8 225 / 228.6 22 10 500 / 508.0 9 750 to 762.0 250 / 254.0 25 10 600 / 609.6 9 900 to 914.4 300 / 304.8 25 12 700 10 1050 350 32 14 800 11 1200 400 32 16 900 12 1350 450 40 18 1000 13 1500 500 40 20 1100 15 1650 550 50 22 1200 16 1800 600 55 24 1300 17 1950 650 60 25 1400 19 2100 700 65 25 1500 20 2250 750 65 25 1600 21 2400 800 75 25 Wall thickness t s (mm) *1 The wall thicknesses of the toe wing and the pile end steel pipe are determined depending on the wall thickness and specification of the steel pipe to be connected to the pile end steel pipe as well as the magnification of the toe wing diameter. 6 Closed-end Type Pile Structure Toe wing Normal Type Steel pipe Toe wing Field-welded joint Dp Upper pile Lower pile Enlarged Head Type Ferrule coupling (factory-welded) Dw = 1.5 to 2.0Dp Field-welded joint Dp Dh Normal part Enlarged head Normal part tj Dw = 1.5 to 2.0Dp The enlarged head type is a horizontal resistance-enhanced pile; therefore it is suitable for ground with a soft surface layer and liquefied ground. Pile End Structure A toe wing consists of two semicircular steel plates. (Front View) (Side View) Closing plate 14.4° 7.2° in some field conditions Support excavation blade (attached on site as needed) Machined blade edge Enlarged Head Coupling Structure Enlarged head Factory-welded part Normal part Penetration resistance reducer (Attached if necessary) 7 Ferrule coupling Support excavation blade (attached on site as needed) Tsubasa (Wing) Pile eTM Standard Pile Dimensions Normal Type Steel pipe Toe wing Pile diameter D p (mm) Wall thickness t (mm) Wing pile diameter D w (mm) Wing thickness t w (mm) 318.5 9 to 12 1.5, 1.75, 2.0Dp 30 400 / 406.4 9 to 14 1.5, 1.75, 2.0Dp 30 to 40 500 / 508.0 9 to 16 1.5, 1.75, 2.0Dp 30 to 40 600 9 to 16 1.5, 1.75, 2.0Dp 40 to 50 700 12 to 16 1.5, 1.75, 2.0Dp 40 to 50 800 12 to 23 1.5, 1.75, 2.0Dp 40 to 60 900 12 to 24 1.5, 1.75, 2.0Dp 50 to 60 1000 14 to 25 1.5, 1.75, 2.0Dp 50 to 70 1100 16 to 25 1.5, 1.75, 2.0Dp 60 to 70 1200 16 to 25 1.5, 1.75, 2.0Dp 60 to 80 For the application of other pipe dimensions or wall thicknesses, please consult us in advance. Enlarged Head Type Outer diameter of normal steel pipe D p (mm) φ318.5 to φ800 Outer diameter of enlarged head steel pipe Dh (mm) φ400 to φ1200 (Dh 1.6Dp) Ferrule coupling thickness t j (mm) 30 to 120 When designing an enlarged head type pile, please consult us in advance. 8 Material Specifications Steel Pipe [JIS A 5525 Steel Pipe Piles] Tensile test *1 Flattening *2 test Chemical compositions % Yield point Elongation in Tensile or yield perpendicular strength of Plate spacing (D: Outer strength direction to welded part diameter) N/mm2 pipe axis % N/mm2 Type code Tensile strength N/mm2 SKK400 400 or more 235 or more 18 or more 400 or more SKK490 490 or more 315 or more 18 or more 490 or more 2/3D C Si Mn 0.25 or less P S 0.040 0.040 or less or less 0.18 0.55 1.65 0.035 0.035 or less or less or less or less or less *1 "Tensile strength of welded part" is applied to arc-welded steel pipes. *2 "Flattening test" is applied to electric resistance-welded steel pipes. Open-end Type Toe Wing Either of the following toe wings should be used. 1. JIS G 3106 Rolled Steels for Welded Structure Type code Tensile Thickness strength mm N/mm2 16 < t SM490A 40 t 40 Elongation Yield point or yield strength Thickness Test % piece mm N/mm2 490 to 610 100 315 or more 295 or more 16 < t 50 40 < t Type 1A Type 4 Chemical compositions % Thickness mm C Si Mn P S 21 or 16 < t 0.20 50 or less 0.55 1.65 0.035 0.035 more 23 or 50 < t 0.22 or less or less or less or less 200 or less more 2. Materials approved by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism [Approval number: MSTL-0130, MSTL-0131] Type code Thickness mm HBL385B 19 to 100 Yield point Elongation Tensile or yield strength Thickness Test strength N/mm2 mm piece N/mm2 t < 38 385 to 505 550 to 670 t Chemical compositions % % C Si Mn P S Type 1A 15 or more 50 Type 5 26 or more 40 < t Type 4 20 or more 0.20 0.55 1.60 0.030 0.015 or less or less or less or less or less Closed-end Type Toe Wing Materials approved by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism [Approval number: MSTL-0130, MSTL-0131] Type code Thickness mm HBL385B 19 to 100 Yield point Elongation Tensile or yield strength Thickness Test strength N/mm2 2 piece mm N/mm t < 38 9 385 to 505 550 to 670 t Chemical compositions % % C Si Mn P S Type 1A 15 or more 50 Type 5 26 or more 40 < t Type 4 20 or more 0.20 0.55 1.60 0.030 0.015 or less or less or less or less or less Tsubasa (Wing) Pile eTM Ferrule Coupling [JIS G 3106 Rolled Steels for Welded Structure] Tensile Thickness strength mm N/mm2 Type code 16 < t SM490A 40 t 40 Elongation Yield point or yield strength Thickness Test % mm piece N/mm2 490 to 610 100 315 or more 295 or more 16 < t 50 40 < t Type 1A Type 4 Chemical compositions % Thickness mm C 21 or 16 < t 50 more 23 or 50 < t 200 more Si Mn S P 0.20 or less 0.55 1.65 0.035 0.035 0.22 or less or less or less or less or less Accessories Lifting Lug T1 A φ E D C B a A/2 A/2 Unit: mm Maximum hanging load A B C D E T1 φ a Up to 3 tons 120 100 55 25 25 12 40 6 3 to 5 tons 120 100 55 25 25 16 40 9 5 to 10 tons 200 150 90 30 30 22 65 15 10 to 20 tons 300 250 150 50 50 22 80 15 JASPP Joint D Outside Inside Backing ring 1 to 4 45° or more T H h φ1000 or less 4.5 50 15 φ1100 or more 6.0 70 35 h 0 to 2.4 D T 25 35 Number of Stoppers H D : Pipe diameter (mm) 30 Stopper PL-6 × 12 × 30 6 N pieces t : Pipe thickness (mm) T : Backing ring thickness (mm) H : Backing ring height (mm) D (mm) N φ609.6 or less 4 φ700 to φ1000 6 φ1100 or more 8 10 Design of Tsubasa (Wing) Pile TM Tsubasa (Wing) Pile should be designed on the basis of the Specifications for Highway Bridges, the Pile Foundation Design Manual, and the Construction Technology Review Certification. Roads Ultimate Push-In Bearing Capacity Determined by Ground Properties The ultimate push-in bearing capacity is given by the following formula from the ground properties. Ru qd Aw U L f G.L. qd : Ultimate pile end bearing capacity per unit area (kN/m ) qd N 2 Ground type Sandy soil Gravel Diameter of toe wing / Pile diameter 1.5 times 1.75 or 2.0 times 1.5 times 1.75 or 2.0 times Range in which pile skin friction is expected : End bearing capacity factor End bearing capacity factor α 135 100 150 150 Sand and gravel are classified on the basis of the "Method of Classification of Geomaterials for Engineering Purposes" (by the Japanese Geotechnical Society). Steel pipe diameter Dp Enlarged head diameter Dh Normal part diameter Dp Equal to or more than Dp Dw N : N value of the standard penetration test at the end layer. However, the maximum N value is 50. Dw 4 Supporting layer 2 Aw : Toe wing area (m2) Aw Supporting Dw A. layer Normal type Dw : Outer diameter of toe wing (m) U : Circumference of steel pipe (m), For the enlarged head, Dw B. Enlarged head type *This figure shows the closed-end type. apply the circumference of the enlarged head steel pipe. L : Thickness of the layer of which the pile skin friction should be considered (m) f : The maximum pile skin friction in the layer of which the pile skin friction should be considered (kN/m2) Sandy soil: f = 2N ( 100), Cohesive soil: f = C or 10N ( 80) Here, C means the adhesive force (kN/m2), and N means the N value in the soil layer around the pile (but the pile skin friction is not considered for soft layers which N value is 2 or less). Ultimate Pull-Out Bearing Capacity Determined by Ground Properties The ultimate pull-out bearing capacity of the Tsubasa (Wing) Pile is given by the following formula since the resistance due to the anchor effect by the toe wing is expected in addition to the pile skin friction. In this regard, the penetration depth into the supporting layer should be equal to or more than 1.0Dp, and the same maximum pile skin friction as that used for the calculation of the ultimate push-in bearing capacity is used. i Li H tan U Li fi Here, Dw : Outer diameter of toe wing (m) i : Weight of the effective unit volume of soil in the "i"th layer from the ground surface above the supporting layer (kN/m3) L i : Thickness of the "i"th layer from the ground surface above the supporting layer (m) f i : Maximum pile skin friction in the "i"th layer from the ground surface above the supporting layer (kN/m2) : Weight of the effective unit volume of soil in the supporting layer (kN/m3) 11 Pile skin friction L Dw Pu Ground surface End pull-out resistance Supporting layer H Pu H 2 Toe wing Dw *This figure shows the closed-end type. Tsubasa (Wing) Pile eTM Relation between φ and β : Pull-out factor. This stands for the resistance factor of a sheared surface and determined according to the internal friction angle Internal friction Pull-out angle φ factor β of the supporting layer (see the table below). 35° 2.1 : Internal friction angle of supporting layer (°) 40° 3.3 U : Circumference of steel pipe (m) U = π • Dp 45° 5.3 H : Penetration depth into the supporting layer at the height where the local shear area spreads above the toe wing (m). However, H should be 2.5Dw or less. Pile Interval The minimum pile interval is shown below. Toe wing diameter Pile interval 1.5 times 2.5Dp 1.75 times 2.75Dp 2.0 times 3.0Dp Dp Dp Equal to or more than Dp Dp stands for the pile diameter. *This figure shows the closed-end type. Spring Constant in Axial Direction The spring constant of the Tsubasa (Wing) Pile in the axial direction is given by the following formula. Kv a Ap Ep L a : Given by the following formula. When the toe wing magnification is 1.5 : L a = 0.013 + 0.54 Dp Kv : Spring Constant in Axial Direction (kN/m) Ap : Net cross-sectional area of pile (m2) L : Pile length (m) E p : Young's modulus of pile (kN/m2) Dp : Pile diameter (m) When the toe wing magnification is 1.75 or 2.0 : a = 0.010 L + 0.36 Dp For enlarged head type piles, use the load average Ap and Dp calculated considering the length and diameter of the enlarged head and normal part. A p A p1 L1 L Ap2 Dp D1 L1 L D2 L2 L L2 L Ap1 : Net cross-sectional area of enlarged head (m2) Ap2 : Net cross-sectional area of normal part (m2) L 1 : Length of enlarged head (m) L 2 : Length of normal part (m) L : L1 + L2 (m) D 1 : Diameter of enlarged head (m) D 2 : Diameter of normal part (m) Scope of Application Applicable supporting layer Penetration depth Open-end Type Sandy soil and gravelly soil (For stiff clay and weathered rock, please consult us in advance.) Up to 77 m in practice Closed-end Type Sandy soil and gravelly soil (For stiff clay and weathered rock, please consult us in advance.) Up to 60 m in practice Railroads The Tsubasa (Wing) Pile should be designed on the basis of the Design Standards for Railway Structures and Commentary (Foundation Structures). However, there are some requirements for the closed-end type, therefore please consult us in advance. 12 Precautions for Design Selection of Pile Dimensions (1) Pile diameter : To avoid using three-point pile drivers and all-round rotating machines on the same site, the pile diameter should be selected within either of the following ranges. φ318.5 to φ609.6 mm (for three-point pile drivers) φ500 to φ1600 mm (for all-round rotating machines) (2) Thickness : In general, the wall thickness is not constant for long piles (Ex. Upper part: 16 mm, Lower part: 9 mm). The thickness change point (point of uneven thickness welding) should be determined considering that the pile might stop at a high position. Uneven thickness welding should be done at factory in principle. The thickness of steel pipes should be determined also considering the soundness during construction. As a general rule, a corrosion allowance of 1 mm shall be considered in design for corrosion protection purpose on the outside of steel pipes. However, it should be separately considered for highly corrosive environments. Design of Enlarged Head Type (1) Design method : Since the rigidity greatly differs between the enlarged head and the normal part, stability analysis of an enlarged head type pile should be conducted considering the pile as a variable section pile in principle. It means that the values of the bending rigidity and horizontal ground spring should be separately determined for the enlarged head and the normal part according to their pile dimensions. (2) Length of enlarged head : The length of the enlarged head of the Tsubasa (Wing) Pile should be equal to or longer than the depth of the first crosssection change point specified in the Pile Foundation Design Manual. However, the stress intensity at the top of the normal part should not exceed 90% of the allowable stress both at stationary and at level 1 seismic condition. <Example 1> Field-welded joint t 18mm 6m t 12mm 4m t 9mm t 9mm 2m 12m <Example 2> Field-welded joint t 16mm 6m 13 t 12mm 4m t 9mm t 9mm 2m 12m Tsubasa (Wing) Pile eTM Construction of Tsubasa (Wing) Pile TM Construction Flow 1 Setting of 4 Checking of penetration core and verticality Auger motor Construction using three-point pile driver 3 Rotary 2 Checking pile lower pipe supporting layer Cap Tsubasa (Wing) Pile Steel pipe diameter: φ318.5 to φ609.6 Base machine Plier Bracing Supporting layer 2 Checking pile core 1 Setting of Construction using all-round rotating machine and verticality lower pipe 3 Rotary penetration 4 Checking of supporting layer Crawler crane Tsubasa (Wing) Pile All-round rotating machines Steel pipe diameter: φ500 to φ1600 Plier Weight Supporting layer Pile drivers suitable for low height or narrow space construction are also available. Please consult us. Example of construction work space using an all-round rotating machine Steel pipe Hydraulic unit of all-round rotating machine Reaction bar All-round rotating machine 25.0m Control hut Backhoe Laid steel plate Crawler crane 150 t 30 m Steel pipe length + 3 m Construction yard 42.0 m 25 20 Crawler crane 150 t Steel pipe 15 All-round rotating machine 10 Backhoe 5 0m Steel pipe Reaction bar Hydraulic unit of all-round rotating machine In cases of narrow space construction and limited overhead clearance, please consult us. 14 Construction of Tsubasa (Wing) Pile TM Piling Finish Control In principle, a pile end should be penetrated into the supporting layer to the depth required on design, but if it is difficult to penetrate the pile to the prescribed depth because of the hardness of the supporting layer, piling finish control may be applied using the hardness index given by the following formula. However, in case the pull-out resistance of the toe wing is expected in design but the prescribed penetration depth cannot be ensured, the design pull-out strength should be reconsidered. Rotation torque [T] (kN m) Penetration per rotation [S] (cm) Hardness index [K] The rotation torque [T] and penetration per rotation [S] are measured during construction using a construction control meter or an ammeter. Example of construction control meter Example of ammeter Construction Record The following figure shows an example of the record of the N value and hardness index when the above-mentioned piling finish control is applied. Depth Soil m property N value 10 20 30 40 5 10 Penetration Torque <T> per rotation (kN.m) <S>(cm) 50 100 150 200 5 10 15 20 25 Hardness index <K> K=T/S Depth Soil m property N value 10 20 30 40 50 Pile Torque <T> (kN.m) 50 100 150 200 Penetration per rotation <S>(cm) 5 10 15 20 25 Hardness index <K> K=T/S 50 100 150 Image of pile 50 100 150 200 Filling soil 51 Silty fine sand Fine sand with silt Silt with sand 52 15 Hard silt 20 Clayey Silt 53 25 54 30 35 Sandy silt Silt 55 Silt with sand 40 45 50 Silt Hard silt Fine sand with silt 56 Silty hard silt Hard silt with sand Hard silt Sand GL56.0m 57 Hard silt 55 Sand GL56.0m Full length record 15 Record around finish depth Tsubasa (Wing) Pile eTM Construction Example Location : Saitama Prefecture Depth (m) Pile diameter : φ1200 mm N value 10 20 30 40 50 Toe wing diameter : φ1800 mm (1.5 times wing) Pile penetration length : L = 44 m Conditions of construction : Checking the penetrativity of the ground with an intermediate hard sand layer (N 40) 10 Intermediate sand layer 20 (N 40) L = 13m 30 40 Construction Scenes Cap Bracing Pliers Pile body chuck (of all-round rotating machine) Construction of enlarged head pile Narrow space construction with limited overhead clearance 16 Official Authorization of Tsubasa (Wing) Pile TM Tsubasa (Wing) Pile has been granted official certificates in the field of road and railroad constructions Construction Technology Review Certification (Open-End Type) Construction Technology Review Certification (Closed-End Type) Evaluation of bearing capacity in railroad structure construction 17 Tsubasa (Wing) Pile eTM Construction Organization The construction of the Tsubasa (Wing) Pile is conducted by the pile construction companies that are members of the Engineering Society of Tsubasa (Wing) Pile. Geo Dynamic Co., Ltd. Japan Pile Corporation Taiyo Foundation Co., Ltd. Chiyoda Geotech Co., Ltd. Nittoc Construction Co., Ltd. Nozaki Kenko Marugo Foundation Corp. Yokoyama-Kiso Ryoken Kiso Co., Ltd. (In the order of the Japanese syllabary) Please contact the following or your local office of JFE Steel Corporation for orders and inquiries. Tokyo Hibiya Kokusai Building, 2-2-3 Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0011, Japan Construction Materials Export Section, Construction Material Sales Department, Construction Material & Service Center TEL. 03(3597)3924 FAX. 03(3597)3897 18 Cat.No.D1E-505-00 http://www.jfe-steel.co.jp/en/ TOKYO HEAD OFFICE Hibiya Kokusai Building, 2-3 Uchisaiwaicho 2-chome, Chiyodaku, Tokyo 100-0011, Japan Phone : (81)3-3597-3111 Fax : (81)3-3597-4860 NEW YORK OFFICE JFE Steel America, Inc. 600 Third Avenue, 12th Floor, New York, NY 10016, U.S.A. Phone : (1)212-310-9320 Fax : (1)212-308-9292 HOUSTON OFFICE JFE Steel America, Inc., Houston Office 10777 Westheimer, Suite 230, Houston, TX 77042, U.S.A. Phone : (1)713-532-0052 Fax : (1)713-532-0062 BRISBANE OFFICE JFE Steel Australia Resources Pty Ltd. Level 19, CPA Centre, 307 Queen St, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia Phone : (61)7-3229-3855 Fax : (61)7-3229-4377 RIO DE JANEIRO OFFICE JFE Steel do Brasil LTDA / JFE Steel Corporation, Rio de Janeiro Office Praia de Botafogo, 228 Setor B, Salas 508 & 509, Botafogo, CEP 22250-040, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil Phone : (55)21-2553-1132 Fax : (55)21-2553-3430 LONDON OFFICE JFE Steel Europe Limited 15th Floor, The Broadgate Tower, 20 Primrose Street, London EC2A 2EW, U.K. Phone : (44)20-7426-0166 Fax : (44)20-7247-0168 DUBAI OFFICE JFE Steel Corporation, Dubai Office P.O.Box 261791 LOB19-1208, Jebel Ali Free Zone Dubai, U.A.E. Phone : (971)4-884-1833 Fax : (971)4-884-1472 NEW DELHI OFFICE JFE Steel India Private Limited 1101, 11th Floor, Unitech‘s Signature Tower, Tower-A, South City-I, NH-8, Gurgaon, Haryana, 122002, India Phone : (91)124-426-4981 Fax : (91)124-426-4982 MUMBAI OFFICE JFE Steel India Private Limited Mumbai Office 308, A Wing, 215 Atrium, Andheri - Kurla Road, Andheri (East), Mumbai - 400093, Maharashtra, India Phone : (91)22-3076-2760 Fax : (91)22-3076-2764 SINGAPORE OFFICE JFE Steel Asia Pte. Ltd. 16 Raffles Quay, No. 15-03, Hong Leong Building, 048581, Singapore Phone : (65)6220-1174 Fax : (65)6224-8357 BANGKOK OFFICE JFE Steel (Thailand) Ltd. 22nd Floor, Abdulrahim Place 990, Rama IV Road, Bangkok 10500, Thailand Phone : (66)2-636-1886 Fax : (66)2-636-1891 VIETNAM OFFICE JFE Steel Vietnam Co., Ltd. Unit 1401, 14th Floor, Kumho Asiana Plaza, 39 Le Duan Street, Dist 1, HCMC, Vietnam Phone : (84)8-3825-8576 Fax : (84)8-3825-8562 JAKARTA OFFICE JFE Steel Corporation, Jakarta Office 16th Floor Summitmas II, JL Jendral Sudirman Kav. 61-62, Jakarta 12190, Indonesia Phone : (62)21-522-6405 Fax : (62)21-522-6408 MANILA OFFICE JFE Steel Corporation, Manila Office 23rd Floor 6788 Ayala Avenue, Oledan Square, Makati City, Metro Manila, Philippines Phone : (63)2-886-7432 Fax : (63)2-886-7315 SEOUL OFFICE JFE Steel Korea Corporation 6th Floor. Geumgang-Tower. 889-13, Daechi-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-570, Korea Phone : (82)2-3468-4130 Fax : (82)2-3468-4137 BEIJING OFFICE JFE Steel Corporation Beijing 1009 Beijing Fortune Building No.5, Dongsanhuan North Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100004, P.R.China Phone : (86)10-6590-9051 Fax : (86)10-6590-9056 SHANGHAI OFFICE JFE Consulting (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Room 801, Building A, Far East International Plaza, 319 Xianxia Road, Shanghai 200051, P.R.China Phone : (86)21-6235-1345 Fax : (86)21-6235-1346 GUANGZHOU OFFICE JFE Consulting (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd. / JFE Steel Corporation, Guangzhou Office Room 3901, Citic Plaza, 233 Tian He North Road, Guangzhou 510613, P.R.China Phone : (86)20-3891-2467 Fax : (86)20-3891-2469 Notice While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information contained within this publication, the use of the information is at the reader’s risk and no warranty is implied or expressed by JFE Steel Corporation with respect to the use of information contained herein. The information in this publication is subject to change or modification without notice. Please contact the JFE Steel office for the latest information. Copyright © JFE Steel Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Any reproduction, modification, translation, distribution, transmission, uploading of the contents of the document, in whole or in part, is strictly prohibited 1403N SP