kementerian perhubungan direktorat jenderal perhubungan udara

Transcription

MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION
DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF CIVIL AVIATION
3S+1C
1
KEMENTERIAN PERHUBUNGAN
DIREKTORAT JENDERAL PERHUBUNGAN UDARA
3S+1C
Daftar Isi
Landasan Hukum
Dampak Emisi Penerbangan Terhadap Lingkungan Hidup
Indonesia Green Aviation Initiatives
Kebijakan dan Strategi Penurunan Emisi GRK
Roadmap dan Program RAN-GRK 2012-2020
USULAN NAMAs TRANSPORTASI UDARA
Global Inisiatif Bahan Bakar Alternatif untuk Penerbangan
Kesimpulan
2
3S+1C
Landasan Hukum
1.
2.
3.
U U No.1 Thn. 2009, Penerbangan
U U No 32 Thn. 2009, Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup
U U Nomor 6 Thn. 1994 tentang Konvensi Kerangka Kerja PBB Mengenai
Perubahan Iklim (UNFCCC)
1.
2.
Peraturan Pemerintah No 27 /2012, Sertifikasi AMDAL
Peraturan Pemerintah No. 40/2012, Pengembangan Bandar Udara dan Konservasi
Lingkungan Hidup
Peraturan Pemerintah No 41 /1999, Pengendalian Pencemaran Udara
Peraturan Pemerintah No 70/2006, Konservasi Energi
Peraturan Presiden Nomor 61 Thn. 2011, Rencana Aksi Nasional Penurunan Emisi GRK.
Peraturan Presiden No 71 Thn. 2011, Penyelenggaraan Inventarisasi GRK Nasional.
3.
4.
5.
6.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Keputusan Menteri Perhubungan KP. 201 Tahun 2013 Tentang
Penetapan Rencana Aksi Nasional Penurunan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca
Sektor Perhubungan (RAN-GRK Perhubungan ) dan Inventarisasi GRK
Tahun 2010-2020.
Pedoman Pelaksanaan Rencana Aksi Penurunan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca, Kementerian
PPN/Bappenas, 2012.
Peraturan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 21/PMK.011/2010
Peraturan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 130/PMK.011/2011
3
3S+1C
SKENARIO PENURUNAN EMISI KARBON DAN FOKUS AKSI PADA
5 SEKTOR BERDASARKAN PERPRES 61/2011
Sektor
Rencana Penurunan Emisi GRK
(Giga ton CO2e)
26%
15%
(Total 41%)
Rencana Aksi
Total
Pengendalian kebakaran hutan,
Water resources & system management,
Rehabilitasi hutan dan lahan,
Pencegahan deforestasi,
Community empowerment. dll
Kehutanan dan lahan
Gambut
0.672
0.367
1.039
•
•
•
•
•
Limbah
0.048
0.030
0.078
•
•
Strategi 3R pengelolaan limbah
Manajemen limbah terintegrasi di perkotaan
Penerapan teknologi budidaya tanaman
Pengenalan jenis padi rendah emisi,
Efisiensi irigasi air,
Pemanfaatan pupuk organik.
Pemanfaatan kotoran/urine ternak dan limbah pertanian untuk biogas
Pertanian
0.008
0.003
0.011
•
•
•
•
•
Industri
0.001
0.004
0.005
•
•
Konservasi dan audit energi,
Penerapan modifikasi proses dan teknologi
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Penggunaan Bio-fuel ,
Konservasi dan efisiensi Energi,
Pengembangan energi terbarukan
Konversi BBM ke BBG,
Pengembangan transportasi massal, KRL dll
Peningkatan kualitas jalan,
Demand Side Management,
Energi & Transportasi
Total
5/7/2013
0.038
0.018
0.056
0.767
0.422
1.189
4
Lampiran Keputusan Menteri Perhubungan
3S+1C
Landasan Hukum
Keputusan Menteri Perhubungan KP. 201 Tahun 2013 Tentang Penetapan Rencana Aksi
Nasional Penurunan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca Sektor Perhubungan (RAN-GRK Perhubungan )
dan Inventarisasi GRK Tahun 2010-2020, Tanggal 21 Februari 2013, Lampiran :
NO
2
RENCANA AKSI
KEGIATAN
Konservasi energi Inisiatif penggunaan biofuel untuk pesawat
udara kategori transport untuk angkutan
bahan bakar fosil udara penumpang sesuai dengan ICAO
dengan bahan
Guideline.
bakar terbarukan
Melakukan studi dan riset biofuel dalam hal
untuk pesawat
kemampuan produksi, distribusi, suplai,
udara
berkelanjutan, keselamatan, keamanan
penerbangan dan manajemen resiko.
7
9
Pemanfatan
Energi Baru dan
Terbarukan
Konservasi energy
bahan bakar fosil
dengan bahan
bakar terbarukan
untuk GSE dan
kendaraan di
Bandar udara
Pemasangan sumber energy alternative
(solar cell, energy hybrid, hidro+, dll) untuk
operasional Bandar udara.
PERIODE
LOKASI
INDIKASI
PENURUNAN
EMISI GRK (JUTA
TON CO2e)
2013-2014 Studi, Riset &
Pengembangan
Indonesia
2.705
2015
Uji coba pada pesawat
2016-2017
Implementasi 2%
2018-2020
Implementasi 3%
2015-2020
2015-2020
PENANGGUNG JAWAB
Kementerian Perhubungan
Indonesia
Kementerian Ristek BPPT
Indonesia
Bappenas
Indonesia
Kementerian ESDM
Operator Angkutan Udara/
Airlines
5 bandar udara
internasional untuk 1 Mega
Watt
Pemasangan solar cell secara bertahap
pada 5 bandar udara UPT dan 5 bandar
udara
PT. Angkasa Pura I dan
PT. Angkasa Pura II setiap tahun.
5 bandar udara domestic
untuk 250 Kilo Watt
Perencanaan dan implementasi secara
2013
bertahap penggunaan bahan bakar
2014
terbarukan pada alat bantu servis darat
(Ground Support Equipment) dan kendaraan
2015-2020
operasional di dalam sisi udara Bandar
udara (Airside).
Riset, Studi dan
Pengembangan
0.511
Kementerian ESDM
Operator Bandar udara
50 bandar udara dengan
solar cell
0.199
Kementerian Ristek/BPPT
Uji coba
Operator Bandar Udara
Implementasi 10% bio
fuels di 30
bandar udara internasional
Ground Support Equipment
Operator
5
3S+1C
Dampak Penerbangan Terhadap Lingkungan Hidup
Sumber : Dr. James I. Hileman, Chief Scientific and Technical Advisor for Environment and Energy, Federal Aviation Administration
5/7/2013
6
3S+1C
PERTUMBUHAN ARMADA
PROYEKSI PERTUMBUHAN
PESAWAT UDARA 2012-2020
1200
973
Jumlah Pesawat Udara
1000
789
800
580
638
600
442
400
200
0
2009
2010
2011
2012)*
2013)*
2014)*
2015)*
2016)*
2017)*
2018)*
2019)*
2020)*
AOC 121
381
432
426
442
475
526
580
638
708
789
876
973
AOC 135
192
225
253
258
266
276
289
307
322
351
384
421
Sumber : Data Olahan Pokja P2I&EGRK
7
3S+1C
PERTUMBUHAN KEBUTUHAN AVTUR
8
3S+1C
Indonesia Green Aviation Initiatives
for Environmentally Sustainable Air Transportation
Scenario Sustainable National Action Plans & Measures :
Pada 3 Pilar Sistem Perangkat Lunak Utama (Main Soft System):
 Organisasi, Tatalaksana dan Perangkat Manajemen
 Kerangka Hukum, Peraturan, Pedoman, dll
 Sumber Daya Manusia dan Kapasitas
Pada 4 Operational Sistem Utama :
 PENERBANGAN HIJAU
(GREEN FLIGHT)
 KORIDOR / RUANG UDARA HIJAU
(GREEN CORRIDOR)
 BANDAR UDARA HIJAU
(GREEN /ECO-AIRPORT)
 MEKANISME PASAR KARBON
(CARBON MARKET)
3S+1C
6 PILAR KEBIJAKAN DAN STRATEGI
PENURUNAN EMISI GRK
BIDANG TRANSPORTASI UDARA 2012-2020
CO2
10
3S+1C
GLOBAL SKENARIO ICAO/IATA INISIATIF
Technology Initiatives
Operational Efficiency
Initiatives
Infrastructure Efficiency
Initiatives
Alternatives Fuels & Additional
Technology Initiatives
ROADMAP PERTUMBUHAN KARBON NETRAL MULAI 2020
DAN PENURUNAN 50% PADA 2050 ATAS BASIS EMISI 2005
Sumber ICAO dan IATA: International Aviation Net CO2 Emissions
11
3S+1C
ROADMAP dan PROGRAM RAN-GRK
12
3S+1C
KONTRIBUSI PENURUNAN EMISI
KARBON MASING-MASING INISIATIF
POTENSI PENURUNAN EMISI CARBON (CO2 )
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM RAN-GRK
REGENERATION OF
AIRCRAFT
28%
(4,478,421 Ton)
AVIATION
BIO FUEL
17%
(2,705,796 Ton)
ECO AIRPORT
20%
(3,237,531 Ton)
ATM & P B N
16%
(2,519,029 Ton)
OPERATIONAL
EFFICIENCY
19%
(2,978,101 Ton)
13
3S+1C
SKENARIO PENURUNAN EMISI GRK dalam
PRESFEKTIF NAMAs dan KOMITMEN INDONESIA
Sumber: Hardiv S.& Saut , 2010
5/7/2013
14
3S+1C
NAMAs Air Transport formulated referring to the
policy, strategy and roadmap National Action Plans
(RAN-GRK) Air Transport Sector 2012-2020 taking
into account several criteria[1],[2] among others:
Potential GHG mitigation: the number and percentage decrease in carbon dioxide
(CO2) emissions from Business As Usual (BAU) potential;
 Success rate: review of aspects of management, stage, level of difficulty and the
parties involved; (Qualitative Success Rate Assessment Matrix)
Positive impact (co-benefits) of social, economic and environmental quality of life;
Financing, in this case should be calculated in detail abatement cost, access and
financial risk, expenditure program;
Measures-Reporting and Verification (MRV): methodology, availability of data and
data development in the future;
Sources of law, policy and the needs of policy making in the implementation of
NAMAs;
The location and the affected institution or program provider.
[1]
[1]
Tilburg, X. van, L. Cameron, L. Würtenberger, S. Bakker “On developing a NAMA Proposal”. ECN-O--11-053, 2011.
Situmeang, H., S. Lubis (eds, 2011) Development of Indonesia NAMAs Framework. Report II, 19 July 2011.
5/8/2013
15
[1]
[2]
ICAO Assembly — 37th Session”Indonesia's Action Plan on Aviation and Climate Change”, Montreal, 15 Sept. 2010.
Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Udara, RAN-GRK Bidang Transportasi Udara 2012-2020, Edisi November 2012.
3S+1C
Draft Indonesia Initiative on Air Transportations (Domestic Flight) as Unilateral Potential NAMAs
Title of
potential
NAMA
Description
Initiative on
Aircraft
Modernization
Continuing
implementation of
Minister Decree No.
05/2006 “
“Transport category
aircraft import and
operational life
limit” consist of
fleet regeneration
and fleet lifetime
limitation
Initiative aviation
biofuel
implementation on
transport category
aircraft in line with
ICAO guide line
Source
Ministry
Decree No.
05/2006
DGCA /MOT
Success
Mitigation
chance,
potential
implementin 2020
ability
(Mil. Ton
CO2)
4
3,956
MO Trade
Pres. Decree MO Finance
No. 61/2011 Airlines
Co-benefits
More efficient
(include flight
time)
Improved noise
& air quality
DGCA/MOT
3
1,558
MO Energy
MO Research and
Technology
Reduced air
pollutant and
more efficient,
Stabilized
conventional
fuel price
Airlines
Costs/
Finance
MRV
(GHG)
Show case
Potential
Overall
score
Remarks
4
10%
replacement at
2012-2013
(Estimation
US$)
More safe,
comfort &
competitive
IAPACC Nat.
Action Plan
(RAN-GRK)
IAPACC
Initiative on
Energy
ICAO
Guidelines
conservation
of fuel based
fossil with
alternative
Study, research and
fuel ( aviation development on
aviation biofuel
biofuel )
regarding local
resources of
production and
distribution,
standard,
certification and
safety, risk
management &
sustainability
Introduce new
Initiative on
Improving of system and
procedures of
Operational
operational &
Efficiencies of maintenance of
aircraft and engine
Aircraft
for more saving of
fuel burning and
5/8/2013
spare part
Responsible
stakeholders
Biofuel Producer
Aircraft and
Engine
Manufacturers
800 M
4
(All air carriers)
(Recruitment,
Training,
Tools, Legal,
Instalment,
etc, for 150
aircraft)
50 M
Indonesia
15%
replacement at
2014-2017
3
Indonesia
3
(All air carriers
and fuel
provider)
(Study, R&D,
Testing,
Certification,
Manuals,
Training,
Production
and
Distribution
and
Regulation)
Study 2013
Research &
development
2013-2014
Testing 2015
2% application
at 2016-2017
3% application
at 2018-2020
500 M
Investment
IAPACC
DGCA/MOT
ICAO
Guidelines
Airlines
Aircraft & Engine
Manufactur Manufacturers
Manuals
Airports
3
1,746
Improved
efficiency, air
quality and turn
round time
10 M
(New
Regulation and
SOP, Manuals,
Certification
and Training,
Trial)
3
Indonesia (All air
carriers and
maintenance
organization)
3
Develop. &
adopt new
procedures
2013-2015
Trial 2015
Full Imp. 2016
16
3S+1C
Draft Indonesia Initiative Air Transportations (International Flight) of Unilateral Potential NAMAs
Title of
potential
NAMA
Initiative on
Aircraft
Modernization
Initiative on
Energy
conservation of
fuel based
fossil with
alternative fuel
(aviation
biofuel)
Initiative on
Improving of
Operational
Efficiencies of
Aircraft
Description
Continuing
implementation of
Minister Decree No.
05/2006 “ “Transport
category aircraft
import and
operational life limit”
consist of fleet
regeneration and fleet
lifetime limitation
Initiative aviation
biofuel
implementation on
transport category
aircraft in line with
ICAO guide line
Study, research and
development on
aviation biofuel
regarding local
resources of
production and
distribution, standard,
certification and
safety, risk
management &
sustainability
Introduce new system
and procedures of
operational &
maintenance of
aircraft and engine
for more saving of fuel
burning and spare
part
5/7/2013
Source
Responsible
stakeholders
Ministry
Decree No.
05/2006
DGCA /MOT
Pres. Decree
No. 61/2011
MO Finance
Success
Mitigation
chance,
potential in
implement- - 2020 (Mil.
-ability
Ton CO2)
4
0.523
MO Trade
ICAO
Guidelines
DGCA/MOT
More efficient
(include flight
time)
More safe,
comfort &
competitive
Airlines
IAPACC
Nat. Action
Plan
IAPACC
Co-benefits
3
1.148
MO Energy
Improved noise
& air quality
Reduced air
pollutant and
more efficient,
Stabilized
conventional fuel
price
MO Research and
Technology
Airlines
Biofuel Producer
Aircraft and Engine
Manufacturers
IAPACC
DGCA/MOT
ICAO
Guidelines
Airlines
Manufacture
Manuals
Aircraft & Engine
Manufacturers
3
1.232
Improved
efficiency, air
quality and turn
round time
Costs/ Finance
(Estimation
US$)
MRV
(GHG)
240 M
4
(Recruitment,
Training, Tools,
Legal, Instalment,
etc, for 40 aircraft)
20 M
(New Regulation
and SOP, Manuals,
Certification and
Training, Trial)
Indonesia
Overall
score
Remarks
4
10% replacement
at 2012-2013
(All air carriers)
15% replacement
at 2014-2017
3
Indonesia
3
(All air carriers
and fuel provider)
(Study, R&D,
Testing,
Certification,
Manuals,
Training,
Production and
Distribution
and Regulation)
10 M
Show case
Potential
Study 2013
Research &
development
2013-2014
Testing 2015
2% application at
2016-2017
3% application at
2018-2020
3
Indonesia (All air
carriers and
maintenance
organization)
3
Develop. & adopt
new procedures
2013-2015
Trial 2015
Full Imp. 2016
Airports
17
3S+1C
TARGET NASIONAL BAURAN ENERGI VISI 2025
Kontribusi Energi Terbarukan Menjadi 17% dengan Biofuel 5%
Sumber : Perpres No. 5 Tahun 2006
5/7/2013
18
3S+1C
NAMA Seeking Support for Implementation
A.1 Party
Republic of Indonesia
A.2 Title of Mitigation Action
Sustainable Green Aviation Initiatives on Alternative Fuels
A.3 Description of mitigation action
This Programme promotes development and implementation
of sustainable alternative fuels (aviation biofuels) for aircraft
operations on domestic and international flights. This initiative
is in line with ICAO global measures in order to mitigate
climate change and reduce carbon emissions as well as
conserve fossil based fuel energy. The policy and roadmap has
been established, including the pre-implementation measures
for the period 2013-2015 providing for: a framework of policy,
strategy, and regulation ; to perform research and
development (such as potential local resources, technology
needs assessment,
demo plan and testbed, etc); to develop
a program for trial, testing and certification; to perform
analysis on economic viability, production capacity,
distribution, quota and price, and risk management. The
implementation measures for a 2% aviation biofuels mix will
start in 2016 and continue with an increase to 3% in 2018. The
NAMA also covers the activities set out in A.4 to A.6 below for
capacity building and cooperation with stakeholders on the
pre-implementation measures, including establishment of the
MRV tolls and best practices guidelines, calling for significant
involment of the air transportation stakeholders.
A.4 Sector
Energy supply
Residential and Commercial buildings
Agriculture
Waste management
A.5 Technology
Bioenergy
Energy Efficiency
Hydropower
Wind energy
Carbon Capture and Storage
A.6 Type of action
National/ Sectoral goal
Strategy
National/Sectoral policy orprogram
Project: Investment in machinery
Project: Investment in infrastructure
Other: Local Governments involvement
B
Transport and its Infrastructure
Industry
Forestry
Cleaner Fuels
Geothermal energy
Solar energy
Ocean energy
Other Transport policies & measures
National Implementing Entity
5/7/2013
19
3S+1C
NAMA Seeking Support for Implementation
A.1 Party
Republic of Indonesia
A.2 Title of Mitigation Action
Sustainable Green Aviation Initiative on Airport Renewable
Energy
A.3 Description of mitigation action
This Programme promotes development and implementation
of sustainable renewable energy for operational airports, in
line with ICAO global measures to reduce carbon emissions
and conserve fossil-based fuel energy. The policy and roadmap
has been established, including the pre-implementation
measures phase for 2013-2015 to develop a framework for
policy, regulation and standardization; to perform research
(such as potential local resources, technology, economic
analysis, risk management etc); to develop a program of
implementation measures for 7.5 MW electricity supply to
several remote airports, especially in the eastern part of
Indonesia; including installation, trial, testing and
certification. The implementation phase for 7.5 MW
renewable energy supply would start in 2016 and run until
2018. The NAMA also covers the activities set out in A.4 to A.6
below, regarding capacity building for the air transportation
stakeholders, and cooperation with them on the preimplementation measures including establishment of the MRV
tolls and best practices guidelines.
The preparation of the NAMA is ongoing and further details will be added during the next months.
A.4 Sector
Energy supply
Residential and Commercial buildings
Agriculture
Waste management
A.5 Technology
Bioenergy
Energy Efficiency
Hydropower
Wind energy
Carbon Capture and Storage
A.6 Type of action
National/ Sectoral goal
Strategy
National/Sectoral policy orprogram
Project: Investment in machinery
Project: Investment in infrastructure
Other: Local Government involvement
5/7/2013
Transport and its Infrastructure
Industry
Forestry
Cleaner Fuels
Geothermal energy
Solar energy
Ocean energy
Other Transport policies & measures
20
3S+1C
BEBERAPA PROGRAM PENGEMBANGAN ALTERNATIVE FUELS GLOBAL
No
Negara
Nama Proyek
dan Deskripsi
1
UK - London
London Biojet Project
Proses gasifikasi limbah
sampah dan metode
Fisher Tropsh untuk
menghasilkan bahan
bakar
2
EU
European Advance
Biofuels Flightpath
3
Romania
Camelina Biojet Fuels
4
China
Hao Shanghai Green
Energy
5/7/2013
Perusahaan
yang
Berpartisipasi
Jenis Feedstock
dan
Jumlah Pasokan
(Ton) / Th
Investasi
R&D
Investasi
Produksi
Kapasitas
Produksi
(Ton)/th
Solena Group
British Airways
Limbah Sampah
592.000
350 (M US $)
42.000 Biojet
Up grade system
16 M gal/th Biojet
10 M gal/th
Bionaftha
35 MW to grid
Uni Eropa
Germany
Finland
Spain
CAAFI
SWEFEA
lignocellulosic
biomass,
agricultural
residues and waste
streams.
3,000 ( M € )
2M
Romania
Airbus
TAROM
UOP
Camelina
Company Espana
LanzaTech
Baosteel
Camelina
120 M US $
(+- 35%)
20 – 40 M US $
(R&D for
20.000 ton
demo plant)
Hydrocarbon
500 M US
Fuels Technology
10 M US $
Process
investment;
running &
testing the
technology
raised the cost
to 80 M US $
100.000
30 M gallon/th
300 tons/th
demonstration
plant
Keterangan
dan benefit kepada komunitas lokal
1200 karyawan,
145.000 Ton penurunan CO2 emisi /th
Tidak menghasilkan SOx (Sulfur) dan PM
Menghemat biaya pembuangan sampah dan
pajak landfill, rendah carbon footprint
95% potensi pencegahan emisi GHG dalam
proses produksi dan penggunaan
9 plants with advanced technologies
producing biofuels
400.000 Ha Camelina
200.000 oil
Refinery develop by UOP
Sumber gas dari pabrik baja dan biomass
menjadi ethanol
21
3S+1C
BEBERAPA PRODUSEN DAN KAPASITAS ALTERNATIVE FUELS GLOBAL
Project-Location
Technology
Type
Planned Total
Production
Capacity, t/a
Planned Total
Production Aviation
Biofuel, t/a
Start-up
Date
HVO (Hydrogenated
Vegetable oils)
800,000
0
2011
Neste-Singapore
HVO
800,000
0
2010
Neste-Finland 1
HVO
190,000
0
2007
Neste-Finland 2
HVO
190,000
0
2009
UOP-Italy
HVO
0
UOP-Spain
HVO
0
FT
0
HPO (Hydrogenated
Pyrolysis Oils)
1,000,000
Evergent Techn.-??
HPO
0
Neste/Stora EnsoFinland
Solena-UK
FT
0
FT
0
UPM/Carbona - Finland
FT
0
CEA - France
FT
0
Aqualia - Spain
Algal oils
0
Abengoa - Spain
Algal oils
0
Neste-Netherlands
Choren-Germany
BTG-Netherlands PO
5/8/2013
50-100,000 t/a
2015
22
3S+1C
Table 2: EC-Funded Large-Scale Demonstration Projects under FP7
EC Biofuels
Cluster
Synthetic
LG EtOH
Pyrolysis
Algae
Contract
Acronym
Coordinator
Contract
Technology
Provider
Biofuels
EC
Contribution
Support
(M € )
Biomass
Production
Capacity
FischerTropsch
Dimethylether
7.8
Wood
15,000 t/y
8.2
Black Liquor
OPTFUEL
VW
BIO DME
Volvo
Choren
Industries
Chemrec
BIOLYFE
FIBREEtOH
Chetex Italia
UPM
Chetex Italia
UPM
Ethanol
Ethanol
8.6
8.6
Various
Fibre
600 t/y -150
days operation
40000 t/y
20,000 t/y
KACELLE
Dong Energy
Inbicon
Ethanol
9.1
Straw
20,000 t/y
LED
Abengoa
Abengoa
Ethanol
8.6
Corn resd.
50,000 t/y
EMPYRO
ALL-GAS
BTG
Aqualia
BTG
Feyecon
5.0
7.1
Wood
Algae
17,400 t/y
90t/ha.y algae
BIOFAT
Abengoa
Alga Fuel
7.1
Algae
90t/ha.y algae
INTESUSAL
Centre of
Process
Innovation
Centre of
Process
Innovation
Bio-oil
Biodiesel &
biomethane
Biodiesel &
ethanol
Biodiesel
5.0
Algae
90t/ha.y algae
Total=75.1
5/7/2013
23
3S+1C
GLOBAL ALTERNATIVES FUELS INITIATIVES
Flight Testing
Sumber ICAO : Test flights, fuels certification and passengers' flights since 2008
5/7/2013
24
3S+1C
Global Alternatives Fuels Initiatives Flight Testing
Date
Carrier
Route
Feedstock
22 June 2011
Amsterdam -- Paris ( B737)
Used cooking oil
15 July 2011
Hamburg -- Frankfurt (A321)
Mix of feedstocks
18 July 2011
Amsterdam -- Helsinki (A321)
Used cooking oil
21 July 2011
Mexico City -- Tuxtla Gutierrez (A320)
Jatropha
1 Aug 2011
Mexico City -- Madrid (B777)
Jatropha
3 Oct 2011
Madrid -- Barcelona (A320)
Camelina
13 Oct 2011
Birmingham -- Arrecife (B757)
Used cooking oil
6 Oct 2011
Toulouse -- Paris (A321)
Used cooking oil
Montreal – Toronto (Bombardier Q400)
Toronto – Mexico City (Air Canada A319)
Mexico City-Sao Paulo (Boeing 777)
Sao Paulo – Rio de Janeiro (Boeing 737-800)
Camelina,
Used cooking oil
Used cooking oil,
Jatropha, Camelina
Inedible corn oil and
Used cooking oil
Indonesia
?
Porter Airlines
Air Canada
Aero Mexico
GOL
18 Juni 2012
2015
?
5/7/2013 Sumber ICAO: Commercial flights using biofuels, as of October 2012.
25
3S+1C
PELUANG DAN TANTANGAN INDONESIA
TARGET PENGGUNAAN BIOAVTUR
BEBERAPA NEGARA
1. UNI EROPA , BAURAN 4%, 2020
2 Juta Ton/tahun
2. AMERIKA SERIKAT, 2018
1.000 Juta Gallon
3. CINA, EFISIENSI/BAURAN 3%, 2020
4.2 Juta Ton
4. INDONESIA, BAURAN 3%, 2018,
0.25 Juta Kilo Lt
BAURAN 5%, 2020
0.42 Juta Kilo Lt
(setara dengan 12.5% produksi Avtur 2012)
5/7/2013
26
3S+1C
RENCANA KEGIATAN
Riset dan Studi
tahun 2013-2014
Uji Coba dan Sertifikasi
tahun 2015
Implementasi bauran 2%
tahun 2016-2017
Program Pendukung Utama:
Pengembangan Kerangka Hukum dan Regulasi
Penguatan Peran Pemerintah, Swasta dan Jaringan
Pengembangan Kapasitas SDM
Pengembangan Akses dan Bantuan Finansial
Pengembangan Kerjasama Nasional & Internasional
27
MINISTRY OF TRANSPORATION
3S+1C
INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL COMMITTMENT
2007-2016
Sources: Brown & Peskett ( 2011)
28
3S+1C
UNFCCC ESTIMATION INVESMENT FUND UP TO 2030
Sources: Brown & Peskett ( 2011)
Sources : Prof.Dr. Singgih Riphat
29
3S+1C
Alternative Fuels and CLIMATE CHANGE
Related Issues
 a global development issue and ICAO Global Policy
 required investment
 considered as an effective measures
mitigation on aviation industry
 required Global, Regional and National
new policy approach
 There is a gap between global financial
sources system with developing countries
such as Indonesia which is required
financial support
30
3S+1C
NAMA International Support Applicability
 Ground Rules and Regulatory Framework
Criteria, Parameter and Time Frame, etc.
to fit, form, and applicable to all Parties
(NAMA Project-Government, Private,
ADB/MDB/Donor Country )
Solution: Global and Regional
harmonization
31
3S+1C
FINANCIAL MECHANISMS
Harmonize and consistency at Global,
Regional and National level.
Inline among others :
MDB/ADB/ODA/UNFCCC/GEF/CDM, etc
Solutions : Need global guidelines
32
3S+1C
ALIGNMENTS of ADB/MDB & DONOR
COUNTRIES for NAMA Support
- Less fund on Institutional Development,
Capacity Building and
R&D
Technology Transfers
- Less prioritized for start up
Solution :
Reprioritized and refocused to NAMAs applied
New policy and strategy
National and Regional Government
should address the priority actions
Mainstreaming of mitigation and development
planning in the most efficient and effective way
33
3S+1C
NATIONAL / GOVERNMENT COMMITTMENT
Has to be dominant to find out and resolve
the problem
 Encourage Involvement Of All
Stakeholders And Public Private
Partnership
 Capacity Building Shall Sustainable
 International Cooperation And Risk
Sharing.
 INTEGRATION : all National Resources ,
Advantages and Competitiveness

34
3S+1C
NATIONAL / GOVERNMENT COMMITTMENT
 Economic Policy and Fiscal Instrument
for supporting Environmentally
Sustainable Alternatives Fuels




Investment Policy / Finance
Tax Policy / Subsidies
Expenditure Policy / Budget
Direct Regulation Policy
35
3S+1C
KESIMPULAN
1. Potensi total penurunan emisi carbon dengan intervensi kebijakan
program RAN GRK penerapan bioavtur dan renewable energy pada
Penerbangan Domestik dan Internasional hingga tahun 2020 adalah
2.705.796 Ton CO2 (17%).
2. Mempertimbangkan kebutuhan investasi dan transfer teknologi serta
peningkatan kapasitas SDM untuk implementasi bahan bakar terbarukan
bagi pesawat udara dan energi bagi operasional bandar udara maka
diusulkan dua kegiatan mitigasi tersebut sebagai NAMAs untuk
mendapat dukungan internasional.
3. Komitmen pemerintah untuk implementasi bioavtur dan renewbale energy sangat
URGENT dalam bentuk :
- meletakankan dasar hukum , mandat dan obligasi, penguatan organisasi
dan jejaring dan peningkatan kapasitas
- kebijakan insentif sehingga menarik bagi investor, menjamin akses dan
ketersedian bahan baku, menjamin distribusi dan sustainability pasokan,
serta mengendalikan harga yang kompetitif.
36
5/7/2013
3S+1C
37

kementerian perhubungan direktorat jenderal perhubungan udara

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