Unit 10 – Repaso de lecturas solamente

Unit 10 – Repaso de lecturas solamente
10.17
The present simple –
third person only
Esta es la primera lectura, la cual procede de la unidad 10. Se incluye aquí porque es importante
que vayas conociendo la vida y milagros de nuestros 15 personajes.
PICTURE 29
Los conoceremos a través de lecturas cortas. Primero el profesor leerá el texto y después tú lo
leerás. Es importante que hagas un esfuerzo para ir gradualmente consiguiendo una buena
producción oral al leer. Esto te ayudará enormemente en el futuro para pronunciar bien y hablar
con buen ritmo y cadencia.
Phillip Johnson
Para que te prepares bien, te pongo a continuación el texto de la lectura:
Phillip Johnson is 39 years old. He’s married and has two children. He lives in a nice
house in Lincoln, Nebraska. He is a businessman and he works in a bank in the center of
Lincoln. He is the general manager of the bank. He goes to work every day at 8:30 in the
morning. He gets to the office at 9:00. He parks his car under the bank in the parking
garage. In the morning, he usually works from 9:00 to 12:30. He spends a lot of time
talking on the telephone and reading financial reports. He usually has lunch near his
office. There are many good restaurants in the center of Lincoln. He goes back to the
office at 1:30 and stays there until 6.00. After work, he usually goes home, but sometimes
he goes to his son’s school to watch him play basketball or baseball. He usually gets
home from work at 6:30, but when he goes to see his son, he gets home around 8:00. He
likes his job because he has a good salary and because he works with a lot of interesting
people. He doesn’t travel very often in his job, but from time to time he needs to go to
Omaha, a city 150 miles from Lincoln. When he goes to Omaha, he usually comes back
to Lincoln on the same day, but sometimes he needs to spend the night there. He usually
stays in the Omaha Sheraton Hotel, but sometimes he stays in the Holiday Inn. He prefers
the Sheraton because it has a breakfast buffet.
nice house
businessman
parking garage
to spend
reports
usually
to get home
very often
from time to time
spend the night
to stay
10.18
The present simple –
third person only
PICTURE 30
Nancy Johnson
buena casa – el adjetivo “nice” (náis) significa majo, simpático, bueno,
amable, etc.
hombre de negocios (bísnesman)
En Reino Unido se llama “car park”
Este verbo aparece aquí como “pasar” tiempo. También significa “gastar”
en el sentido de gastar dinero.
informes – se pronuncia: repórts
Usamos esta palabra normalmente para expresar “normalmente”.
llegar a casa. Usamos mucho el verbo “to get” en el sentido de “llegar a”
muy a menudo
de vez en cuando
pasar la noche
Este verbo significa “quedarse” o “permanecer”. También se usa, como en
este caso, para alojarse u hospedarse.
Nancy Johnson is 38 years old. She is Phillip’s wife. She lives with her husband and
children in Lincoln, Nebraska. She’s from Kansas, the state immediately south of
Nebraska. She is an interior decorator. In the morning, she teaches interior design at a
technical school 20 miles from Lincoln. She starts her classes every day at 10:00 and
finishes at 12:00. She has two classes, each with about 15 students. Then she goes
home to have lunch. After lunch, she goes to her husband’s bank where she spends
about 30 minutes with the woman responsible for expansion. She looks at the plans for
the new branch banks and gives recommendations about the interior design and
decoration. She doesn’t receive a salary for this. She does it because the woman is a
good friend of hers. In the afternoon, she works as an independent decorator. Some days,
she spends two or three hours visiting different clients and other days she stays at home
creating decoration plans or calling people. She decorates offices, restaurants, and
homes. She doesn’t like to decorate offices very much because the companies usually
prefer functional decoration and this is boring for her. She doesn’t like to decorate
restaurants either, because often the owner of the restaurant thinks that he’s a
professional decorator too. She likes to decorate homes because she is free to make
more decisions and to be more creative.
immediately
teaches
design
technical
finishes
each
goes home
responsible
a good friend of hers
boring
to make...decisions
Pronunciación: emídiatli
Nota que al cambiar el verbo “teach” a tercera persona del singular,
añadimos una sílaba más: teaches (tíches)
diseño (disáin)
Se pronuncia: técnical
Igual que “teaches”: se añade una sílaba más en la tercera persona
cada o cada uno (se pronuncia: ich)
va a casa – nota que no se inserta la preposición “to” entre “go” y “home”.
Nota la ortografía: responsible (con “i” latina)
una buena amiga suya (de ella)
aburrido
tomar decisiones
© Copyright, 1999 by Richard Vaughan. All rights reserved.
1
10.19
The present simple –
third person only
PICTURE 31
Michael Johnson
Michael Johnson – Michael is 14 years old. He lives with his parents and sister in Lincoln,
Nebraska. He goes to a public school 10 minutes from his house by car. His sister goes to
a different school three blocks from his. Michael is in the ninth grade and he studies Math,
Science, History, English, Speech, and Music. He plays the trumpet in music class, but he
isn’t a member of the school band because he doesn’t have time to practice with the band
after school. School starts at 9:00 o’clock. Michael gets to school a little early because his
father takes him every day and leaves him there at 8:40. Michael spends the 20 minutes
before his first class talking with some of his friends. Lunch is at 12:00 and Michael
usually eats a sandwich and a bowl of soup and drinks a coke. His mother doesn’t like
this, so Michael tells his mother that he drinks milk for lunch. His classes in the afternoon
end at 3:30. Michael is a member of the football, basketball, and baseball teams at the
school. He is a good athlete. He’s fast and strong. He plays football in the fall, between
September and December. He plays basketball in the winter, between January and April,
and he plays baseball in the spring. He is a very popular boy because he is good at
sports. He’s intelligent but he doesn’t work very hard in class and he doesn’t spend much
time on his homework. His teachers like him but they tell his parents that he needs to
think more about his studies and less about sports.
blocks
from his
ninth grade
Math
Science
Speech
music
his father takes him...
leaves him there...
so
to end
athlete
in the fall
popular
he doesn’t work very hard
10.21
The present simple –
third person only
PICTURE 32
Denise Johnson
manzanas (de calles)
del suyo
el noveno año de colegio
Forma breve de decir “matemáticas”. Se pronuncia: maz
Se pronuncia: sáiens
(spich) – clase de comunicación interpersonal
Se pronuncia: miúsik
Su padre le lleva...
...le deja allí
asi que
terminar. “To end” se usa para cosas. “To finish” se usa para
personas. Es decir: I finish - it ends
atleta – se pronuncia: ázlit
en el otoño. Esta es la forma americana. Se dice “autumn” en Reino
Unido.
Se pronuncia “pápiular”
“no trabaja mucho”. Es común en ingés usar la palabra “hard”
(duro) cuando hablamos de trabajar “mucho”.
Denise Johnson – Denise is 11 years old. She lives with her parents and brother in
Lincoln, Nebraska. She goes to a primary school near her brother’s school. She is in her
last year of primary school. Her father takes her to school every day with her brother. She
gets to school at 8:45 and goes to the playground to play with her friends. Her first class
begins at 9:00. She has the same teacher all morning, until 12:00. Then she has lunch in
the school cafeteria. She always eats with her two friends, Jenny and Pamela. They live
on the same block and study in the same class. They spend more than six hours together
at school and probably three or four hours together after school. Denise’s mother likes
Jenny but she doesn’t like Pamela very much. She thinks Pamela is very bossy. Two days
a week, Denise stays after school in the gym for ballet classes. She doesn’t have a
natural talent for ballet, but she likes to dance and has very good technique. The teacher
thinks that she has the potential to become a good dancer, especially if she doesn’t grow
too fast. On the days that Denise has ballet, she stays at the school until 4:30. Jenny
takes ballet lessons, too, and Jenny’s mother takes both of them home after the lessons.
...gets to school
playground
begins
cafeteria
always
together
bossy
Two days a week
gym
ballet
technique
especially
grow too fast
llega al colegio
zona exterior de recreo
“comienza”. Es un sinónimo de “start”.
En EE.UU. esta palabra se usa para “restaurante de autoservicio”
siempre (álueis)
juntas
mandona
Dos días por semana. Decimos literalmente: Dos días una semana
gymnasio. Es una forma corta de decir “gymnasium.
Se pronuncia: balé
“técnica”. Se pronuncia: tekník
sobre todo, especialmente
crecer demasiado rápido
© Copyright, 1999 by Richard Vaughan. All rights reserved.
2
10.22
The present simple –
third person only
PICTURE 33
Nigel Perkins
Nigel Perkins – Nigel Perkins is 55 years old. He’s English and lives in a country estate 35
miles north of London near the M-1 motorway. He’s married to Margaret Perkins and has
one son, Ronny. Nigel owns a company that investigates suspicious people who receive
big payments from insurance companies. His company is very famous in the United
Kingdom and it has a lot of important clients. It even has some clients in France and in the
United States. Nigel doesn’t work every day. He goes to the office in the center of London
two or three times a week. He has a good team of managers who run the company very
well. On the days that Nigel doesn’t go to London, he likes to spend his time reading and
taking care of his garden. His estate is big. It covers almost 30,000 square meters. Nigel
has three full-time gardeners to help him to take care of the estate. Nigel wants to write a
book about some of the interesting investigations from his company’s past. He thinks that
one or two of the investigations are good material for a novel or even for a suspense
movie. His son, Ronny, thinks he’s crazy, but Nigel doesn’t pay any attention to his son.
Ronny spends his time on the French Riviera, where he owns a small company that rents
yachts for short cruises between Monte Carlo and the Balearic Islands. He makes a lot of
money in the summer and asks his father for money in the winter.
country estate
married to
owns
payments
insurance companies
famous
the United Kingdom
clients
even
the United States
who run the company
taking care of
almost
full-time
crazy
pay attention to
rents
yachts
cruises
he makes a lot of money
10.23
The present simple –
third person only
PICTURE 34
Luigi Barghini
casa señorial de campo
En inglés decimos “casado a”
posee en propiedad
pagos
compañías de seguros
pronunciación: fámas
pronunciación: de iunáinted kingdom
Existen dos palabras en inglés para “cliente”: “client” (cláient) para
servicios y “customer” (cástamer) para productos
incluso
pronunciación: de iunáinted stéits
quienes dirigen la compañía
cuidando de
casi
a tiempo total (a diferencia de “a tiempo parcial”)
loco
prestar atención (en inglés la atención “se paga”... no se presta)
alquila
yates. No te asustes... se pronuncia: iáts
cruceros. Se pronuncia: krúses
gana mucho dinero
Luigi Barghini – Luigi Barghini is 49 years old. He’s from a small town in the north of Italy
and lives now, with his wife, Sofia, in a beautiful villa outside Verona. He has a lot of
money because he owns a big factory that supplies car seats to Fiat in Turin. Luigi is the
chairman of the company, but his daughter, Ana, is the managing director. She takes care
of the day-to-day business, while Luigi spends a lot of his time visiting different members
of the Agnelli family that owns Fiat. He also spends a lot of time in Germany, because his
company is negotiating with Mercedes Benz a big contract to supply car seats for the
small models that Mercedes makes in Stuttgart. He is a very busy man, but he enjoys his
work. When he’s at his villa near Verona, he always goes to the factory, 23 kilometers
away, to see his daughter and to visit with the workers. He probably spends at least three
hours on the floor of the factory talking with workers, inviting them to coffee, telling jokes,
and having a good time. He likes the people in the north of Italy and really enjoys human
contact. That’s probably the reason why his company is strong and healthy. He doesn’t
consider that his work is a job. He considers it a game, something that he likes to play. Of
course, he wants to win and he wins, but he has a good disposition all the time and he
doesn’t like to take things too seriously. His daughter, Ana, is different, but she is a
manager, not an owner.
villa
supplies
car seats
chairman
managing director
she takes care of
the day-to-day business
busy
he enjoys...
23 kilometers away
at least
telling jokes
to have a good time
healthy
to win
to take things too seriously
casa señorial de campo de tipo italiano
suministra
asientos de coches
presidente del consejo de administración
consejero delegado
ella se ocupa de
las actividades del día a día
ocupado, atareado – se pronuncia: bísi
él disfruta de, a él le gusta
a 23 kilómetros de distancia
al menos - se pronuncia: at list
contando chistes
pasarlo bien, divertirse
sano, saludable
ganar (uén) - ganar un partido o cuando le toca a uno un premio
tomar las cosas demasiado en serio
© Copyright, 1999 by Richard Vaughan. All rights reserved.
3
10.24
The present simple –
third person only
PICTURE 35
Pierre Monet
Pierre Monet – Pierre Monet is 45 years old and lives in the suburbs of Paris. He is
married and has three children. All of his children live at home except Gerard, who lives in
a student residence not far from the Sorbonne, where he studies Architecture. Pierre is a
civil servant. He works in the translation and interpretation department of the Foreign
Ministry in the center of Paris. Every day he goes by train and subway from his house
outside of Paris to the ministry. It takes him almost an hour to go and about 45 minutes to
come back in the afternoon. He leaves home at 7:00 and gets to the ministry just before
8:00. When he gets to his office, he always has a lot of letters and documents waiting for
him. He is responsible for a very special area of his department. He decodes and
translates all secret documents that come in English and Spanish. He speaks and writes
both languages fluently. His wife is Spanish and his mother is English. Pierre is an expert
translator. He usually doesn’t translate documents in writing. He dictates the translation
verbally directly into a microphone. Later, a secretary transcribes the recording onto
paper. This way, Pierre translates very quickly and finishes his work early. He usually
goes home around 4:00 p.m. He doesn’t have lunch in the dining hall of the ministry. He
takes a sandwich to work every day and eats it at 12:00 o’clock sharp. He prefers to
continue his work without interruptions in order to go home as soon as possible. When he
gets home, he starts his second job. He is a free-lance translator and he dictates his
translations into his own microphone. The same evening, or the next morning, his wife,
Anne-Marie, enters the recording into a computer and sends it by e-mail to Pierre’s
clients. Pierre has a good salary at the ministry, but he earns double at home. He needs
the money because his three children are very intelligent and all of them want to go to the
university.
the suburbs
except
Architecture
civil servant
Foreign Ministry
it takes him
translation
subway
documents
waiting for him
area
decodes
both
fluently
in writing
dictates
recording
This way
early
dining hall
12:00 o’clock sharp
to continue
without
as soon as possible
free-lance
his own microphone
he earns
las afueras
pronunciación: eksépt
pronunciación: árkiteksur
funcionario.
Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores. “Foreign” se pronuncia “fóren”.
tarda... ello le lleva (en tiempo)
traducción
metro en EE.UU. En Reino Unido se dice “underground” o “tube”.
“Subway” se pronuncia: sábuei
se pronuncia: dákiuments
esperándole
se pronuncia: éria
descodifica
ambos. Se pronuncia: bouz
fluidamente, con soltura
por escrito
dicta
grabación
“De esta manera”. Nota que no ponemos “in” delante de la expresión
temprano, pronto
comedor grande en una entidad (dáining jal)
las doce en punto
pronunciación: contíniu
“sin”. Se pronuncia: uizáot
lo antes posible
por libre
su propio micrófono. Pronunciación de “own” = óun
él gana. El verbo “to earn” significa “ganar mediante el trabajo”.
© Copyright, 1999 by Richard Vaughan. All rights reserved.
4