Egypt Map - Egypt Tourism Authority

Since the earliest days of humanity, the Nile River valley has drawn in and captivated travelers from around
the world. Modern-day Egypt, the inheritor of an unbroken civilization of more than 5000 years, located at
the crossroads of the Asian, African and Mediterranean worlds, is a fascinating mixture of modern diversity
and ancient splendor. Its cultural treasures are supplemented by over 2500 km of scenic coastline along
the Red and Mediterranean Seas, making Egypt an enchanting year-round destination, able to put a
smile on the face of even the most jaded of travelers.
Egypt’s advantages are as seductive as they are diverse: the pleasant mild temperatures of air and sea,
especially in winter; the hospitality and cheerfulness of its people; the year-round sunshine;
the magnificent beaches; the diving and snorkeling resorts and second-to-none reefs and aquatic life;
the biblical mountains; the romantic desert oases; and, in between, the fertile valley of the Nile,
the second-longest river in the world, packed with life and history. Egypt’s diverse and profound spiritual
heritage cannot fail to make an impression on her guests. Pharaonic, Coptic, and Muslim, including
churches, convents, mosques, temples and elaborate funerary complexes, Egypt’s spiritual treasures
exhibit an artistic and devotional energy that makes Egypt an unforgettable and profound experience.
A fascinating alternative for those
who are already familiar with Cairo
and the Nile Valley could include
following Cleopatra’s footsteps to
the great port of Alexandria, along with trips through the Delta and to the
monasteries of Wadi el-Natroun. This itinerary could then continue west along
the Mediterranean coast, via the World War II monuments at El Alamein, on
to Marsa Matruh, and through the desert to the legendary oasis of Siwa.
RED SEA & SINAI
Sun, beaches, diving and
trekking
Vacations on the Red Sea or the Gulf
of Aqaba guarantee pure relaxation
and holiday fun, perfect temperate
weather, and a fascinating underwater
world of marine delights. Just inland,
the mountain and desert scenery
beckons the traveler on a day trip, or
a longer adventurous visit, through the
spectacular mountains of South Sinai,
or to the monasteries of St. Paul, St.
Anthony, or St. Catherine.
DESERTS & OASES
The great oasis circuit
Idyllic nature, spectacular landscapes
and cultural highlights off the beaten
tourist track can be found on exciting
trips to the oases of Bahariyya, Farafra,
Dakhla and Kharga. In between these,
one experiences the timeless magic of
the Sahara Desert. Cairo or Luxor serve as
good base from which to begin or end
a desert oasis exploration, and a visit to
one or both of these could round out a
perfect tour through the heart of Egypt.
Rosetta
Alexandria
Porto
Marina
Sidi Abd
el Rahman
L I BYA
AMON TEMPLE
Alexandria & Mediterranean Coast: grandeur, great
heritage and sandy beaches
Gabal El Mawta
Cleopatra
Gabal Bath
El Dakrur
Siwa
Siwa
Areg
n
st
er
Egypt’s legendary port of Alexandria has been at the crossroads of
civilization throughout human history, and the stories of its varied conquerors
continue to coexist alongside one another in a rich cultural mélange.
Founded by Alexander the Great, and famous in ancient times for its
scholars, lighthouse and library, Alexandria once again became a focus of
cosmopolitan influences in the early 20th century, lying at the intersection
of the Mediterranean, Arabian and African worlds. The grandeur of this
cultural heyday is still alive today, not only in the books of Lawrence Durrell or
Konstantinos Kavafis, but also on the Corniche with its numerous restaurants,
famous for their tasty, freshly caught seafood; in the majestic new “Bibliotheca
Alexandrina;” and in the city’s charming neighborhoods, with cafés, antique
markets, and Art Deco cinema-palaces. Alexandria continues to shine as
the “Pearl of the Eastern Mediterranean” thanks to its oriental flair and deep
historical, cultural and archaeological heritage.
Qaro u n
Lake
D
e
se
We
W h i te D e s e
Faraf ra
Oasi s
From Mediterranean beaches to the historic
monuments of central Egypt
Gelf
Ke
Giza Pyramids
Cairo: Pyramids, mosques and modern museums
As was written in the tales of the Arabian Nights, “He who has not seen Cairo
has not seen the world.” Indeed Egypt’s vivacious capital, whose name in
English is derived from the Arabic Al-Qahira, “the Victorious,” is like no other city
on earth, and embodies 150 generations of history, and an unbroken line of
civilization dating back to the Pharaohs. On its western edge, the Great Pyramids
rise majestically towards heaven, witnessing a time when faith in immortality truly
moved mountains. Cairo’s heart, the maze of lanes through the Islamic old
town, between mighty mosques and caravanserais, the resting place of traders
along ancient trade routes, invites us on a fascinating tour through the Middle
Ages, in the steps of legendary sultans like Salah el-Din. Nearer the Nile, the
metropolis pulsates to the rhythm of modern day life. Modern-day Cairo is a
dynamic business hub, with a lively arts scene and a world renowned opera
house, exquisite shopping, and contemporary museums, and a trendy food
and nightclub scene. Just to the south of the city center, in Old Cairo, Egypt’s
Christian community, the Copts, tend to their precious early Christian inheritance,
including the world’s oldest traces of monastic communities, and visitors can
follow in the footsteps of the holy family during their travels through Egypt.
RED SEA & SINAI
Aquatic Paradise
If the deep chill of a prolonged winter has left you down and discontented, then
a dose of Egypt’s Red Sea aquatic paradise could be just what is needed to revive
the spirit and please the soul. Blessed with blue sky all year round, a pleasant
temperate climate, conveniently accessible only a few hours direct flight from
Europe, fine sandy beaches lining a sumptuous tropical sea stretching nearly
1500 km down Egypt’s eastern coast, with coral reefs renowned by experienced
divers as amongst the best in the world, Egypt’s Red Sea coast has treasures
aplenty to draw you in, and keep you coming back. Back on land, the attractions
are just as compelling: holiday resorts with quality, affordable accommodation,
the opportunity to invest your own piece of paradise through an attractive market
in beachside holiday homes, and a fascinating bouquet of shopping, sport and
leisure activities. And inland, directly adjacent to the beaches, spectacular desert
mountains rise up dramatically, perfect for both trekking and seeking one’s inner
peace of mind. Sound tempting? Come catch the excitement; a warm welcome
to “Egypt’s Riviera,” the Red Sea and Sinai coasts, awaits you!
How to spend a long
week-end in Egypt?
Red Sea
Ras Sidr
rt
Hurghada: The cradle of holiday tourism for swimming
and diving
This former fishing village, about 400 km south of Suez, became a booming
tourism destination on the west coast of the Red Sea in the space of a single
generation. Today, it offers ideal conditions for all kinds of water sports, as well as
miles and miles of pristine coastline with quality accommodation, restaurants and
entertainment to suit all tastes. Even the most experienced of international travelers
will be delighted by Hurghada’s beach scene and lively nightlife. A wide variety of
attractions, including the sea aquarium, panorama submarine ride, and two superb
golf courses mean that Hurghada truly has something for everyone. Well worth a
day-trip are the offshore islands and the inland desert mountains.
El Gouna: perfect holiday atmosphere
with the turquoise-blue lagoon
Lying just 20 km north of Hurghada, the modern holiday resort of El Gouna,
developed from scratch as a holiday paradise, is the perfect destination for
tranquil family vacations or long-term stays. The resort includes 14 exclusive hotels,
numerous private villas and apartments, restaurants, discos, shopping malls, a
stylishly designed 18 hole golf course, and numerous diving and leisure centers.
The resort stretches over an extensive archipelago of artificial islands, and it is easy
to get around by bus, bike or foot. This small but cosmopolitan city, conjured out
of the desert sand in a harmonious mixture of architectural traditions, drawing upon
some of the finest regional and international architects, has been internationally
acclaimed for its environmentally friendly operations.
SERABIT
EL KHADIM
Za’farana
BANI HASAN
TOMBS
Mallawi
t
TEL EL AMARNA
rn
MOUNT MOSES
f
ez
El Qasr
D ak h l a
Oasi s
Mut
N ew
Va
l
TEMPLE
OF HORUS
Baris
Marsa Alam
Edfu
S
e
Kom Ombo
TEMPLE OF SOBEK
& HAREORIS
Salu g a
& Gh azale
EZBET DUSH
d
Port Ghalib
TEMPLE
OF KHNOUM
Dush
El Quseir
e
Esna
l
Tourist
Information
Offices
Qus
Luxor
Bulaq
Sound &
Light Shows
SO M A BAY
WADI
HAMMAMAT
Qena
Al Kharga
K h arg a
Oasi s
Pyramids
M A K A D I BAY
KARNAK
AL BAGAWAT
NECROPOLIS
Ports
SA H L H ASH E ESH
Safaga
VALLEY OF THE KINGS
Ain Umm
D ab ad i b
Oases
Ras M o h amme d
MONS CLAUDIANUS
ABYDOS
Pharaoh’s Island
Nab q
Hurghada
Nile
River
r
National Parks
Sharm el-Sheikh
Sohag
bi
El Tur
Su
El Gouna
Asyut
Abu
Gallu m
Dahab
St Cath e rin e
A rea
Ras
Gharib
Taba
Nuweiba
MONASTERY
MONS
PORPHYRITES
El Minya
Taba
Abu
ST CATHERINE’S Ras
Rudeis
ST ANTHONY’S
MONASTERY
Aswan
SAAD EL-ALI,
THE HIGH DAM
a
Wad i El Ge mal
Berenice
Ras Banas
PHILAE
KALABSHA
Tr o p i c o f C a n c e r
Lake
Nasser
Grande finale deep in the south: Aswan and Abu Simbel
Continuing the journey to the south, three great temples await your visit – the temple
of Esna, devoted to the ram-headed god Khnum, the Horus sanctuary in Edfu, and
the Ptolemaic double temple of Kom Ombo. The next port of call is Aswan, where
there is much more to be seen in the way of Pharaonic sites—in particular the Temple
of Philae-alongside more modern wonders, such the High Aswan Dam, backing
up behind it the massive Lake Nasser. In Aswan, a lasting impression is left by the
enchanting river scenery of the First Cataract, where the rushing waters of the Nile flow
dramatically through a rocky descent. Later on, after a sunset sail on the traditional
Egyptian sailboat, the Felucca, a stroll through the botanical garden on Plants Island
(Kitchener’s), or five o’clock tea on the terrace of the Old Cataract Hotel, steeped
in royal and colonial history, it’s easy to understand why Aswan continues to attract
Europeans in search of a respite from their cold winters. The grand finale of a journey
into the deep south of Egypt is the awesome Temple of Ramses II in Abu Simbel.
Its colossal statues reign supreme above Lake Nasser, having been saved from the
rising water behind the new dam in the 1960s thanks to a monumental engineering
achievement, and proclaim to the world the eternal fame of their creator and his
realm.
Sinai
Taba
Heights
DANDARA
The start and climax of every journey to Upper Nile is the small town of Luxor.
The grand temples and funerary cities found there, tributes to the advanced
civilization based around the ancient capital of Thebes, have been impressing
visitors for millennia. The magnificent columned halls in the temple of Karnak,
which for many centuries functioned as the country’s central sanctuary of the
god Amun, leave visitors in awe. Over the river in the various valleys of the
Necropolis of Thebes, one is overwhelmed by the gigantic size and spiritual
devotion of the mortuary temples of rulers such as Ramses II or III, and Queen
Hatshepsut. One of these valleys,
the spectacular Valley of the Kings, where the glorious rulers of the New
Kingdom were laid to rest more than 3000 years ago, was where, in 1922,
Howard Carter brought to light the legendary treasures of Tutankhamun, whose
glorious funerary regalia continue to inspire a global audience.
130 km south of El Quseir, the latest of Egypt’s world-class holiday destinations is
quickly making its mark. Marsa Alam began in the 1990s as the first Red Sea resort in
the far south. Blessed with a rich abundance of unspoiled beaches and enchanting
sea life, the area has tremendous promise. Today, this majestic setting has been
made accessible to travelers through an extensive resort complex with its own
airport and several high quality hotels. 60 km further north, the latest flagship project
in the region, Port Ghalib, is situated at the junction of the coast and an artificial arm
of land extending out to sea. With its yachting club and harbor boasting world-class
facilities, this top class holiday resort is positioning itself as a central hub for water
sports in this part of the Red Sea.
Printed in Egypt By UPPIT Tel:(202) 23928815
Ain
Sukhna
El Fayoum
Beni Suef
TONA EL GABAL RUINS
Museums
Oyoun Musa
PORTO
EL SUKHNA
Qasr Farafra
make a compelling visit for the history buff. The Nile Delta region to Alexandria’s
east, meanwhile, pampers the senses with lush and verdant vegetation. Ancient
ruins, such as those at Tanis and Abu Menas, and sights, such as the history-steeped
Rosetta, and the Coptic monasteries of Wadi el-Natroun, offer the opportunity for
true exploration, beyond the well-trodden tourist track. South of Cairo, pearl upon
pearl of Pharaonic architecture lie threaded along the left bank of the Nile, including
Memphis, the Necropolis of Saqqara, and the pyramids of Dahshur, El-Lisht and
Meidum. Further up river, in Central Egypt, not far from El-Minya, are the rock graves
of Beni Hassan and Tell El - Amarna, as well as archeological remainders of the
residential city of the heretic Pharaoh Akhenaton. Beyond Assiut, around Sohag,
are more monasteries whose roots date back to the 5th century AD. Further, south,
at the border with Upper Egypt, lie the two outstanding temples of Abydos and
Dandara.
Marsa Alam & Port Ghalib: where the future has already begun
An enchanting weekend in Egypt
could comprise of one or two days in
the cultural metropolis of Cairo, including
Giza, Saqqara and Fayoum, followed by
a trip by plane south to Luxor or Aswan.
Alternatively, a visit to Cairo could be
arranged in conjunction with a beach
trip to Ain Sukhna, Port Said, Alexandria,
or the various beach resorts on the
Mediterranean Coast, with a diving
expedition to the Red Sea, or with a trip
through the desert.
Monasteries
Suez
Memphis
Abu minqar
West of Alexandria, towards Marsa Matruh, magnificent sandy beaches stretch along the
shores of a coastline known for its turquoise-blue water. Along this stretch, holiday homes
and resorts on the beach are in great demand among locals and Egyptians alike, along
a landscape that during World War II was fiercely fought over by Montgomery for the Allies,
and Rommel for the Axis powers. Haunting memorials to this conflict around Alamein
Marina
ST PAUL’S
MONASTERY
Bah ar i y ya
Oasi s
Main Roads
Monuments
Giza
Qaro u n
Lake
Fayo u m
Oasi s
ALEXANDER
THE GREAT TEMPLE
Main Airports
Zara n ik
Cairo
Bawiti
Wh ite
D e se rt
Ba rd awi l
Lake
Golf Courses
Rafah
El Arish
Ti m sah
Lake
Zagazig
Wad i
El Raya n
rt
Ismailia
Tanta
PYRAMIDS
OF GIZA
PYRAMIDS
OF SAQQARA
De Qat
pr t
e
Si wa O asi s
Port Said
TANIS
Wadi elNatroun
a n
ar sio
s
Qara Oasis
T h e G re a t
Sa nd Sea
El Mansura
Bo rg Damanhur
E l A rab
El Alamein
Diving Sites
Damietta
lf of
Aqaba
Marsa
Matruh
Gu
Sidi Barani
R
The classic tour
Mediterranean Egypt
Sallum
The sacred heart of ancient Egypt: Luxor and the West Bank
NILE VALLEY
Spend a few days in the capital
Cairo, including visits to Giza, Saqqara
and Fayoum, followed by a boat trip
along the Nile, sailing by the Pharaonic
sites of Upper Egypt between Luxor and
Aswan. For those with a bit more time
to spare, Abu Simbel is an easy daytrip from Aswan, or can be reached
via a more leisurely Lake Nasser cruise.
Beaches
ey
E gypt
A F R I CA
o
PROGRAMS
THROUGH
EGYPT
lf
Imagine you are relaxing on the deck of a boat meandering
down the Nile, sitting back in a comfortable wicker chair. It is late in
the afternoon, and the waiter has just served hibiscus tea. A gentle
breeze wafts across the river. The setting sun bathes sand dunes and
cliffs in a soft light of the color of golden honey. Water buffalo, ibis
and camels crowd the shore. Fishermen throw their nets, children
paddle, and a local farmer ploughs his field. Now and then you sail
past villages of loam houses, embedded in palm groves and fields
of green sugar cane. Later, a Pharaonic temple entices you to shore.
Along this wondrous river, an advanced civilization blossomed 5000
years ago, one of the earliest flowerings of civilization. The traces
of this mighty civilization, buildings and statues of unparalleled
monumentality and splendor, border the river valley for more than
a thousand kilometers, from the fertile Delta region and the glorious
harbor of Alexandria in the north, past the great, historic urban
center of Cairo on the Giza plateau, to ancient capitals of Luxor
and Aswan in the far south. In front of such scenery, a Nile cruise
becomes a journey of personal discovery, through a land whose
grace and gloriously old fashioned contemplativeness nourishes
one’s imagination and touches the heart.
S e a
Gu
Ancient Cradle
of
Civilization
E U RO P E
AS I A
e
st r
Ea se
De
NILE VALLEY
To help the traveler plan a unique and
unforgettable trip through Egypt’s myriad
attractions, we have summarized the highlights
of Egypt’s three main tourist attractionsSightseeing along the Nile, Recreation along
the coast, and Adventure in the desertseparately in the map that follows, allowing
you to put together your own personalized trip,
to pick and choose among the smorgasbord
of Egypt’s attractions to plan the perfect holiday
for you and your family.
M e d
i t e r r a n e a n
SUEZ CANAL
Egypt’s multifaceted treasures, including the
Nile Valley with its Pharaonic treasures and its
cultural metropolis of Cairo, the bathing and
diving paradise of the Red Sea, and the oases
and open expanse of the surrounding deserts,
each guarantee the traveler an unforgettable
experience on their own.
But the uniqueness of Egypt as a holiday paradise
lies in the traveler’s ability to combine from among
all of these, as their heart and calendar dictate.
CY P R U S
Shalatin
WADI EL-SUBUA
AMADA
Tushka
Qasr Ibram
Halaib
ABU SIMBEL
OWAYNAT MOUNT
1 934 M
0
200 km
S U DA N
DESERTS & OASES
Sharm el-Sheikh: pure pleasure and colourful activities
under water and on land
A few decades ago, Sharm el-Sheikh was just another minor fishing village. Modernday Sharm, close to the southern tip of the Sinai Peninsula, has securely positioned
itself as an international destination of choice among divers and holidaymakers alike.
The original epicenter of this pulsating “Riviera on the Red Sea” is Naama Bay, around
which extensive world-class tourism infrastructure has been developed over a series
of adjacent bays, now including the area between Sharm El-Maya up to Nabq Bay.
Other than the flat sandy beaches and the myriad of leisure options over this holiday
paradise along more than 25 km in coastline, the biggest attraction of Sharm no
doubt is the spectacular underwater life. In particular, the reefs at Ras Umm Sid and
the nearby Ras Mohammed National Park are enchantingly rich feasts for the eye.
Dahab & Inland: relaxation in paradise for backpackers
accessing adventure in the South Sinai Mountains
Along the east coast of the Sinai, the rugged, majestic mountains rise spectacularly
away from the coast. Like prehistoric giant dragons, the summits push forward with
their high, serrated combs, plunging coastward almost to the shores of the Gulf of
Aqaba. Dahab, the tourist center of the area, with its Bedouin camps and golden
beaches, has kept the easygoing charm of a 1970s hippy idyll, even though it now
boasts numerous luxury hotels. The Ras Abu Gallum National Park diving area here is
breathtakingly magnificent. Not far inland, some spectacular Sinai sites are ready to
be explored, including the Colored Canyon, a twisting canyon filled with multi-hued
red stone, and Mount Sinai, where Moses received the Ten Commandments, at the
foot of which lies the legendary St. Catherine’s Monastery.
Untamed Mystery
Kharga, Dakhla, Farafra, Bahariyya and Siwa: the oases of Western
Egypt appear to be islands not only in the seemingly endless expanse
of Saharan sand, but also in time. This is where fairy tales still come
true: seeing the sunrise from the back of a camel, or the spectacular
views from on top of a sand dune into the majestic expanse of desert.
Noon in the quiet shade of palm groves, or perhaps in the cool springfed pool at one of the region’s splendid eco-lodges, waiting until a ripe
date from an overhanging palm tree drops into one’s open mouth; a
late afternoon walk through Pharaonic temples or between mud brick
houses in ageless villages; and nights spent at a campfire in front of
a Bedouins’ tent, enchanted by garlands of tales, with nothing above
Fayoum: Cairo’s front garden - a natural paradise with
a storied past
The oasis closest to the Nile valley lies only a one hour drive south of
Cairo. Due to the fertility of the region, Fayoum has always served as the
breadbasket for the capital. Fayoum makes a worthwhile day trip, if only to
see the verdant vegetation and rural tranquility. The Fellah, rural peasants,
continue to work the fields, and the women and children line up in front
of mud brick houses bordering palm-edged canals, appearing just as
graceful and timeless as did their ancestors depicted on the wall-reliefs of
the surrounding ancient tombs. The 230 km2 Qaroun Lake and the
adjacent Wadi El-Rayan nature reserve are valuable protected areas,
and the migratory birds these areas attract will be of particular delight to
bird lovers. In Wadi Al-Hitan, one can marvel at the gigantic skeletons of
prehistoric whales, washed up when the Mediterranean Sea extended far
south of its current shoreline. In addition, those seeking cultural diversions
will be interested by the range of historical sites on offer, particularly the
pyramids of Hawara and El Lahun.
Bahariyya: palm groves, spa waters and golden
mummies
Known as the “Northern Oasis,” this approximately 4000 km2 desert
depression, set in black volcanic rock and reachable from Cairo within seven
hours drive, has been well known since ancient times for its ore mines, its
fertile gardens, its healing waters, and its spectacular vistas of jagged black
volcanic formations jutting from the desert floor below. The site became
world famous when an enormous necropolis dating back to Greco-Roman
times was discovered by chance here towards the end of the 1990s.
The tombs contained thousands and thousands of preciously decorated
mummies, a sensational find, which gave the area the name of the “Valley
of the Golden Mummies.”
Nuweiba & Taba: two ports for relaxation and recreation
in the north of the Gulf of Aqaba
1
but the twinkling stars of a clear desert sky.
About 90 km north of Dahab lies Nuweiba, a comparatively calm hideaway for
nature lovers. Like elsewhere in Sinai, Nuweiba has made a name for itself based on its
fine sandy beaches with wonderful multi-colored reefs in front of cragged cinnamoncolored mountains. Taba Heights, a resort town adjacent to the international
border, offers the same attractions set in a planned resort community boasting an
international quality golf course a numerous fine dining options. Both Nuweiba and
Taba offer excellent hotel resorts, and great sporting activities above and below water
for those seeking active holiday pursuits. In addition, a wide variety of guided camel
and desert tours are available to lure the traveler into sampling inland attractions.
Farafra: an island of green on the edge of the White
Desert
Western Desert
In this, the smallest and most isolated oasis, the traveler can visit several sulphur
springs, and marvel at Qasr El-Farafra, the region’s only settlement, a fortress ruin
surrounded by palms. The biggest attraction, just 30 km north, is the “White Desert,”
a landscape of surreal beauty, in which wind and weather, over time, have carved
and chiseled a gigantic sculpture park out of the chalk-white limestone rock.
Dakhla: traditional loam architecture in front of a
spectacular rock backdrop
The Dakhla oasis served as a granary to the Romans, and until today,
resembles a fairy tale idyll over vast stretches of territory. Two of the
most beautiful of all the 14 settlements are Balad, meaning “village
of loam,” and El Qasr, meaning “the citadel,” consisting of narrow,
shady lanes. The lush green of the many orchards, and clover, rice
and peanut fields, is a charming contrast to the honey-colored dunes
and rock quarries glowing in pale-pink pastel in the surrounding desert.
From the heyday of ancient times, several temple and tomb sites are
still discernible.
Kharga: once a caravan station, today a prosperous
provincial center
The southernmost oasis of the Western Desert was once an important
station on the Darb el Arbain—the Forty Days Road—connecting camel
and slave traders between the markets of northern and southern Africa.
Today, it is the administrative capital of the “New Valley” province and,
alongside extensive palm groves and fields, boasts several independent
settlements such as Qasr Kharga, Bulaq and Baris. Highlights among the
ancient sanctuaries include the early Christian necropolis Al-Bagawat
and, from Persian times, the Hibis Temple.
Siwa: Egypt’s westernmost oasis lures travelers with
baths, lakes and legendary temples
v
A special and enchanted place, the oasis of Siwa lies 500 km west of the Nile,
300 km south of Marsa Matruh, and several meters beneath sea level. 2700 years
ago, while Roma was still a village and Homer had just completed the Iliad, Siwa
already enjoyed great renown within the entire Mediterranean world as home
to the Oracle of Amun Re. World fame was gained in 331 AD when Alexander
the Great chose to stay here and consult the oracle. The feeling of something
legendary and surreal continues to adhere to this oasis until today. The plethora
of natural attractions, including date and olive groves, lakes surrounded by reeds,
table mountains and sand dunes, and gushing springs beckoning bathers to
swim heighten Siwa’s charm. Home to delightful, quality accommodation in ecolodges, Siwa in addition boasts two picturesque hilltop castles, several ancient
sites and a very distinctive culture strongly influenced by Berber traditions.
x
Modern metropolis, Islamic and Old Cairo
NILE VALLEY
CAIRO
Cairo
Over 1000 years old, UNESCO has selected over 600 architectural monuments in
Cairo’s Islamic town as being worthy of particular protection, and inclusion in the list of
world cultural heritage sites, including mosques like Sultan Hassan, Ibn Tulun or
Al Azhar and the towering Citadel. Al Muizz road, stretching for two kilometers between
the ancient enormous city gates of Bab Al-Futuh and Bab Zuwaila, meanders past
a particularly exquisite selection of ancient monuments, including mausoleums,
mosques, schools caravanserais (ancient trader’s hostels), fountains and bath houses.
A shopping adventure becomes a joy ride for the senses in the adjacent bazaars,
particularly Khan el-Khalili, al-Muski and the Tentmakers Market, Khayyamia, or even
in markets further afield like Kerdassa and Fustat. Further highlights include the Islamic
Museum, the Gayer-Anderson House, a perfectly restored ancient Cairo home, the fine
collections for ceramics at the Museum for Islamic Ceramics, and the Mahmoud Khalil
Museum with its impressive collection of impressionist works. Only a little further south,
on the banks of the Nile, the district of Old Cairo looks back on nearly 2000 years of
history. Worthy of a thorough inspection here are the ancient gate towers of the Roman
Fort Babylon, the Coptic Museum and a number of historically important religious
sites, including Mari Girgis, the St. Barbara, the Hanging Church, and the Moallaqa
churches, the Ben Ezra-Synagogue and the oldest mosque in Egypt named after the
military commander, Amr Ibn al-As. Entertainment of a different variety can also be
found in the city’s many world-class shopping malls and a selection of well-maintained
golf courses on the outskirts of town. Further recommendations include an afternoon
floating along the Nile aboard a Felucca, or an evening performance from the diverse
cultural events taking place at the modern Opera House.
The Pharaonic inheritance: Giza, Saqqara and
the Egyptian Museum
In Egypt’s capital, Africa’s largest metropolis, and the urban center
of the Arab world, Orient and Occident unite in a fusion of the past,
present, and future in a fascinating mixture. The attractions of this
“mother of all cities” are endless. To be sure, each newcomer must first
make a pilgrimage to the Great Pyramids of Giza, the last remaining of
the seven ancient wonders of the world. A visit to the grave chambers
deep inside the Pyramids, the Solar Boat Museum, and the enlightening
Sound & Light Show in front of the Sphinx will provide an unforgettable
glimpse of the unique culture of the Pharaohs. The royal Necropolis of
Saqqara proves to be no less astonishing. Here, pioneering works of art
tell of the riches and creative spirit that existed in neighboring Memphis,
the first capital of the ancient Kingdom.
Highlights here include the Step Pyramid of Djoser, the many mastabas
with their fantastic relief decorations, or the Serapeum, resting place of
the holy Apis bulls.
A short excursion leads to Dahshur, a comparatively quiet site, far from
the crowds, where a monumental grave in perfect pyramid form was
erected for the first time ever. Back in Cairo’s modern center, a single
visit may not do justice to The Egyptian Museum, filled with thousands
of the most precious items from antiquity, in particular the legendary
treasure of Tutankhamun.
More breathtaking still is the 40 hectare temple district of Karnak. For over
1700 years, well into Roman times, Karnak was extended by almost every ruler.
Highlights include the gigantic pylons and obelisks, and the Amun temple with
its phenomenal columned hall. The size and scale of Karnak are impressively
conveyed every evening during the Sound & Light Show on the shore of the Holy
Lake. The charm of the small town is best experienced in a one-horse open-top
“Caleche” trotting through the quiet streets. Also recommended are the various
museums for mummification and archaeology. Worthwhile day trips from Luxor
include the temples of Dandara and Abydos in the north, Esna to the south, or
eastwards to the Red Sea.
As with the Pyramids near Cairo, the necropolis of Thebes lies with a westward
orientation, where the sun, tracing the movement of Osiris into the netherworld,
disappears behind the sandy horizon. Until today, the tombs and mortuary temples tell
of the immense faith and energy of their builders. Among the extraordinary attractions
of the Theban Necropolis, over which the two twin columns, the Colossi of Memnon,
lay watch, are the Temple for Ramses II (Ramesseum), Ramses III (Medinet Habu) and
Queen Hatshepsut (Deir El-Bahari), the settlement of the necropolis-workers including
their graves (Deir el-Medina) and the graves of the nobles (Sheikh Abd el-Qurna).
In the Valley of the Queens, one can visit the last resting place of beautiful Nefertari,
and in the Valley of the Kings pay one’s respects to several of the 60 Pharaohs of the
New Kingdom buried here. Those who take advantage of a bird’s eye view of the
scenery via an early morning hot-air balloon flight above the bare desert mountains
bring home with them a truly unique perspective on this ancient wonder.
<
Nile Cruises
Hatshepsut Temple
Cruises on the Nile and Lake
Nasser
El Uqsur, as modern-day Luxor was originally known, is the ancient capital of Thebes,
which, together with the extensive necropolis on the opposite bank of the river, forms
a focal point of ancient Egyptian culture. The central Luxor Temple complex presents
itself is a 260 m long sequence of grandiose gates, courtyards and columned halls.
i
Nile at Aswan
Tombs, temples and colossi: boundless amazement on
the shores of the hereafter
LUXOR
Sacred places bound to catch the eye
ASWAN
The beauty of the Upper Nile Valley, in
the far south of Egypt, is best appreciated
from the deck of a cruise ship. The
bucolic riverside scenery passes by in
wide-screen cinemascope, delighting
the viewer. In between, on occasional
landward excursions, the visitor takes in
various Pharaonic sites of interest, passing
Esna, Edfu and Kom Ombo by The route
between Aswan and Luxor. Prospective
passengers can select from a variety of
ships and trips, including a one-way route,
or the more leisurely round-trip.
A cruising boat on the Nile
A romantic alternative for adventurers is
the overnight journey on board a Felucca,
a traditional sailing boat, from Aswan down the Nile to Edfu and/or Esna. Another
of Egypt’s nautical attractions is the opportunity to take a cruise on Lake Nasser,
aboard a selection of cruise ships, some of which pamper the travel in utmost
luxury. During the several day trip southwards from Aswan, passengers in small
groups, far from the hustle and bustle of the better visited sites further north, pay
visits to some highly interesting ancient temple complexes, first and foremost of
which is Abu Simbel.
Fluvial idyll at the First Cataract
Aswan, Egypt’s southernmost city, once the gate to inner Africa, and today the last
port of call for all river cruises, is today particularly famous for its two dams:
the barrage dam, completed during the colonial period in the early 1900s, and the
more dramatic High Aswan Dam, an epic engineering accomplishment achieved
in the decades following independence. Aswan’s quarries delivered the granite, as
a great unfinished obelisk attests, for the Pharaonic monuments downriver. Lovers of
ancient architecture pay their respects to the sanctuary of Philae with its Isis and Hathor
Temples, and the Trajans Kiosk. Further sites not to be missed include the temple of Beit
el-Wali and Kalabsha, the Nubian Museum, and the Nilometer on Elephantine Island.
Charming insights of everyday life today are gained by a stroll through the restored
bazaar or a visit to one of the Nubian villages in the area, including a traditional evening.
But the Nile is the center of attention in Aswan, and a romantic Felucca ride by the light
of the setting sun, perhaps including a walk through the botanical gardens on Plants
Island (Kitchener’s), or, on the western shore, a walk up to Agha Kahn’s mausoleum, or
to the rock-graves and the ruins of St. Simeon’s Monastery, is not to be missed.
ALEXANDRIA & THE
MEDITERRANEAN COAST
A metropolis with a rich heritage: ancient library and
lighthouse
The venerable old port city of Alexandria, on the northwest edge of the Nile
Delta, was established as a commercial capital and center of Hellenistic
learning in the days of the Ptolemies. Today, it remains a fascinating place, with
a wealth of interesting facets to explore.
The harbor entrance, once the site of the legendary lighthouse of Pharos, attracts
Bibliotheca Alexandrina
attention today due to the Ottoman
Citadel of Qaitbey. The principal
ancient sites of Alexandria include the
catacombs of Kom El Shuqafa, the
early Ptolemaic tombs of Anfushi, and
Pompey’s famous Pillar watched over by
two Sphinxes, the Roman Amphitheatre
of Kom El Dikka, the villa al-Tuyur with
its beautiful mosaics, and the GrecoRoman Museum. Further into the city,
districts with an oriental flair, such as
Anfushi or Gumruk, characterized by
narrow lanes, busy bazaars and huge
mosques, invite visitors for a leisurely stroll.
Reminders of Alexandria’s cultural flowering that took place during the early 1900s
can be found in the Art Nouveau façades, cinemas and cafés in the central
district of El-Manshiya, the jewel of a museum dedicated to the life of Alexandria
poet Constantine Cavafy, as well as much praised sea-food restaurants and
seaside villas on the way to the elegant suburb of Montazah. As a testament
to Alexandria’s proud history and bold outlook into the future, the new “Bibliotheca
Alexandrina” is a dramatic monument to the post-modernist architectural style.
Through the idyllic Nile Delta to the monasteries of
Wadi el-Natroun
In the evergreen, picturesque agrarian country of the Nile Delta around
Alexandria, several important attractions can be found, including the ruins of
the ancient metropolis Tanis. Located on the western arm of the Nile is Rosetta,
world famous due to the discovery of the stone that bears its name that enabled
Champollion to decipher the ancient hieroglyphic language of the Pharaohs. In
the desert in Wadi el-Natroun on the way back to Cairo, four monasteries—Anba
Bishoi, Anba Maqar, Al-Suryani and El-Baramus-bear witness to the time when
early Christian monasticism was centered here, and boast churches filled with
precious frescoes and icons dating back a 1000 years.
RED SEA & SINAI
Fine, pristine, sandy beaches, next
to clear, turquoise water are the
trademarks of Egyptian Mediterranean
coast from Agami in the east, not far
from Alexandria, to Sallum in the west,
near the border with Libya. Throughout
this stretch of coastline, numerous villas,
hotels and resorts offer the necessary
infrastructure for a carefree summer
holiday. Numerous sights and diversions
provide the traveler with plenty to do, including the Ptolemaic lighthouse at Borg
El-Arab, the ancient-world ruins of Abu Menas, or the famous and notorious
battle scene of El-Alamein with its deeply moving memorials. Of special charm
is the brand-new Porto Marina resort, 105 km west of Alexandria. As the first
international caliber yacht marina on the Mediterranean coast of North Africa,
the Porto Marina complex, including a hotel, golf course, spa complex and
Venice Canal Mall, is rightly considered the Mediterranean Gateway to Egypt.
RED SEA RESORTS
Taba Heights Resort
y
This newest draw for sun-seeking tourists on Egypt’s Red Sea coast
is located at Marsa Alam, 132 km south of El Quseir, where once the
merchant fleets of the Pharaohs set sail toward the Horn of Africa. In
the 1990s, there arrived here the first diving camps, followed by ecolodges sprouting from the desert soil. Since then, more established
tourism infrastructure has arrived, including several four and fivestar establishments, diving centers offering exquisite comfort and
professional expertise, and an international airport for charter flights
connecting this remote region with the rest of the world. The diving
here is fantastic: the reefs of Abu Dabab, Elphinestone, Delphinhaus,
Samadai, Sataya and Wadi el Gemal guarantee many magical
moments. Worthwhile excursions on land include taking in the old
emerald mines, and the National Park at Gebal Alba, the only part of
Egypt to catch part of the southern monsoon. Port Ghalib, 60 km north
of Marsa Alam, opened in 2005 as a flagship holiday destination for the
future. As a top class hotel resort, it offers various sport and entertainment
programs and features its very own yachting harbor and club.
The additional advantage of these two new destinations is the close
proximity of the Nile Valley with its Pharaonic treasures.
El Gouna
Hurghada
A booming holiday town on the West coast of The Red Sea
This former fishing port lies approximately 80 km southeast of Sharm el-Sheikh,
and is considered the cradle of holiday tourism on the west coast of the Red
Sea. No other destination in the region attracts more sun-loving northerners, and
it is easily reachable via numerous direct flights from Europe. Hurghada consists
of numerous parts: south of the historical center of Dahar, separated from the
sea by a mountain rock, possessing picturesque loam houses and bazaars, lies
the port and hotel district of Sakkala.
New and South Hurghada follow, 30 km of coastline peppered with lodging
options of all categories and all price ranges. Hurghada also offers a wide choice
in gastronomy and sports, including, for example, two excellent golf courses.
Appealing to all generations are the local museum and sea aquarium, a trip in
the glass-bottom boat or panorama submarine, and all sorts of water sports like
wake-boarding or kite-surfing. Not far away are several islands, including Giftun
and Magawish, that entice with offers of snorkeling and fish barbecues. Highlife
also prevails in the four and five star complexes in the bordering neighborhoods
of Sahl Hasheesh, Makadi and Soma Bay. Just inland, travelers experience the
endless silence of the desert via day or over night tours through the mountainous
hinterland, taking in, for example, the two Roman quarries at Mons Claudianus
and Porphyrites.
Stress-free, pampered holidays or entire winters in the
city of lagoons
Red Sea Beach
There is hardly a sport that
cannot be indulged in at this tourist
haven: wakeboarding, waterskiing,
windsurfing, kite-surfing, sailing,
ultra-lighting, paragliding, deepsea fishing, riding, golf, tennis,
squash, go-kart driving and, last
but not least, diving and snorkeling.
In addition, there is an open-air
cinema, a marina, a nautical
museum including an aquarium,
an artist’s village and a handicraft
market, even a school, a church,
a mosque, a modern hospital, an
airfield and a radio station. All this
and more lies scattered across
the islands of a gorgeous lagoon,
interconnected by bridges and
canals.
High life on the beach, in the city, and under water
r
El Gouna’s excellent reputation as an ideal family destination is
based upon the 10 km of sandy beaches and its 14 world-class hotels,
each one completely different in design, yet fitting into a harmonious
aesthetic of the village as a whole, all meeting the highest requirements
in comfort. One innovative service offered is the “Dine Around” program,
in which hotel guests can dine around town in 20 exquisite restaurants,
where culinary treasures can be sampled to one’s heart’s desire, as part
of their hotel packages.
Those that undertake a trip to the monasteries of St. Anthony and St.
Paul, both early centers of the Coptic faith, make a journey in time to
the roots of Christianity and the monastic tradition.
SINAI
This is the most frequented holiday location on the Sinai Peninsula,
and it offers all the enjoyment a holiday-maker desires. Year round
sunshine, fine and shallow beaches, and fantastic diving and snorkeling
areas make Sharm an ideal destination. Car-free boardwalks and an
immensely varied hotel scene produce a welcoming environment.
And the comprehensive dining and entertainment scene, a stimulating
symbiosis of exclusive restaurants, bars and cafés, discos and
nightclubs, guarantee culinary enjoyment and amusement till the
early morning. The broad promenades of Sharm ooze Mediterranean
flair; in the evenings, thanks to the snazzy shopping arcades, dazzling
music, and animation programs, the town becomes more of a mini
Las Vegas. The center for fashionistas is Naama Bay, where many of
the first class hotels and holiday resorts are found. The neighboring bays
of Garden, Tiger, Shark and Nabq Bay also boast many attractions for
tourists. At the foot of a rock escarpment overlooking the city lies the
historic harbor district of Sharm El-Maya. Next to it is Ras Umm Sid, where
one of the most magnificent reefs of the region can be found. Just
beyond the city limits, diving and snorkeling connoisseurs go crazy for
the brilliant fauna and flora on display, especially at Ras Nasrani and in
the Ras Mohammed National Park.
One can even sample Sharm’s underwater glories while staying dry via a
glass bottom boat, which every hotel reception will gladly help organize.
Dahab
Time out on the “Golden Beach”
In this central holiday location on the west coast of the Gulf of Aqaba,
holidaymakers are surrounded by a noticeably calmer pace of life.
Decades ago, those on the hippy trail adopted the local Bedouin
settlement of Assalah as their paradise. Now welcoming visitors from
all backgrounds, including backpackers, families and honeymooners,
Dahab’s charm lies in its casual atmosphere of cafés, beach bungalows,
and camping sites. Visitors today race on around on surfboards, or whiz
by on quad bikes, and afterwards, under the palms of Ghazala Bay,
celebrate by chilling out playing Backgammon and smoking a water pipe
or doing yoga. Offering a more luxurious stay are the four and five star
hotels which developed in recent years just to the south of the traditional
center. Dahab is also famous among divers, snorkelers and underwaterphotographers, who are drawn to the coral reefs of Abu Gallum and Gabr
El-Bent, as well as the 80 m deep crater named the Blue Hole.
Sinai
DESERTS & OASES
The White Desert
El Fayoum
Fertile paradise since Pharaonic times
The historically rich oasis of El Fayoum covers an area of approximately
1800 km2. From the air, it resembles a green bud on the stalk of the
Nile. The swampy depression, a preferred hunting ground throughout
history, from the Pharaohs to more contemporary kings, was transformed
into fertile agricultural country more than 3500 years ago through the
construction of channels and dykes. Until today, Bahr Yusuf, a river dug in
ancient times during the 12th Dynasty, supplies the area with Nile water,
and keeps the area lush. Impressive evidence of the former Middle
Kingdom’s boom years can be seen at the temple of Medinet Madi and
the pyramids of Sesostris II at El Lahun and Amenemhet III at Hauwara. The
latter was once part of a complex that included the extensive legendary
labyrinth made up of over 1500 rooms that the Greeks had designated
as one of the wonders of the world. Remnants of the region’s Roman past
can be seen in the famous mummy portraits, which were found in great
numbers in local tombs, in addition to the ruined Roman cities of Dime,
Tebtynis, Dionysias and Karanis/Kom Auschim. Until today, still turning on
the main square of Medinet El-Fayoum, once an ancient city dedicated
to the god Sobek, are two noisily creaking wooden water-wheels.
Fayoum is shaped by the 230 km2 saltwater Lake Qaroun, around the
shores of which lives a wonderful and varied bird kingdom, and around which
cozy restaurants welcome visitors. Well worth a visit are both Tunis Village, a
center for pottery, and, further west in the heart of the desert, Wadi Al-Hitan,
the “Valley of the Whales,” famed for its 20 m long fossilized whale skeletons.
Lush verdant gardens around
the “Valley of the Golden
Mummies”
While its history goes far back as far as
Pharaonic times, this oasis at Bahariyya,
consisting of eight villages 360 km southwest
of Cairo, was hardly known until the end of the
20th Century. The main attractions were the
temple built for Alexander the Great during
his lifetime, the 400 hot and cold mineral and
sulphur springs, and the peaceful pastoral oasis
setting. Then, in 1996, a sensation was caused
by the chance discovery of an archaeological
treasure when a donkey fell through the roof of
a burial chamber on the border between the
twin settlements of El- Bawiti and El-Qasr.
Bahariyya Oasis
It was subsequently discovered that this was
part of a Ptolemaic-Roman necropolis, in
which thousands of intricately, individually decorated mummies were stored. While
the excavation site is not open to the public, some mummies are exhibited in El-Bawiti.
Other local attractions include the old British fortifications on the Jebel Al-Ingleez,
the Jebel Maghrafa, where a gigantic dinosaur skeleton was discovered, and the
rock formations of the Black Desert. Last but not least, an overnight stay in a Bedouin
tent under the wondrous twinkling night sky is entirely unforgettable.
Desert
Dakhla
An oasis of magnificent
beauty and ancient history
About 300 km south-east of Farafra,
the Dakhla oasis is 120 km in length,
and exhibits for its guests a fascinating
landscape. More than 500 wells provide
sumptuous vegetation for a variety
of animal life. Nestling against the
foothills of spectacular cragged desert
mountains are places whose roots go
Dakhla Oasis
back to medieval, even Pharaonic, times.
Particularly picturesque are the village of Qalamon and the old fortified city of ElQasr, both built entirely of loam with a labyrinth of lanes covered in reed mats. The
modern capital Mut also has an historic loam castle in its midst, in addition to a
folklore museum. Additional sites worth a visit are the Roman temple of Deir El-Hagar,
the Roman tombs of Al Mozawaka and Bashendi, the Pharaonic tomb of Balad,
and, in the extreme south, the oasis of Baris. A warm bath in the sulphur spring at Ain
El-Qasr, or a picnic at the palm-fringed salt-lake of Bir Al-Gabal, will soothe even the
weariest of travelers.
The mountainous world of southern Sinai
In the tracks of Moses and
St. Catherine
Sinai is noteworthy not only for the brilliance
of its beach and aquatic offerings. Just as
highly recommended is a camel ride, jeep
trip, or trekking tour through the grandiose
mountain scenery of the hinterland.
Prominent sites include the White or the
Colored Canyons, a trip through the Wadi
Ghazala to the Blue Desert, the Ain Khudra
and Feiran oases, or the Pharaonic temple
of Serbit El-Khadim. At the end of such
outings, the Bedouin guides love to serve
up a delicious open-air desert dinner.
A visit to St. Catherine’s Monastery, site of
the biblical burning bush, and until today
an active and important religious center,
Diving site
leaves a lasting impression on the visitor. Also
not to be missed, for those in good health, is a climb up to the summit of
Mount Sinai, 2285 m above sea level, from which the landscape of the
South Sinai presents itself in its whole magnificence.
Nuweiba & Taba
Two peaceful retreats for nature lovers
v
Tourism here, like in Dahab, originated with the hippy generation of the 1970s.
Between Nuweiba and Jordan’s Aqaba there is a daily car and passenger ferry service.
The beaches here are still as beautiful, and the
mountains in the background just as spectacular,
as before. But to the traditional offerings of camp
sites and other simple overnight accommodation
have been added several high-class hotel
options. Further north along the coast, a number
of beach camps, where the rugged individual
traveler is still the norm, and hotel resorts have
sprung up.
The diving areas are spectacular, and in most
places there is a great choice of water sports on
offer, including windsurfing, wake boarding, jet
and water-skiing. Most hotels offer help in arranging
guides with jeeps or camels for excursions into the
hinterland. A number of top-class hotels await the
sophisticated traveler in the border town of Taba.
Taba Heights Resort
The highlight of this area is called Taba Heights, a
4.5 km2 hotel village of the highest standards, and a perfect destination for family holidays,
with its own golf course and international yachting harbor. A popular destination for boat
trips is Pharaoh’s Island, where the remains of the castle fortress bring back
the memory of the famous times of the Arabian ruler Salah el-Din.
Farafra
Siwa Oasis
Entertainment
• There is plenty to do in Egypt. Enjoy the many museums of history,
art and culture, or experience the “Sound-and-Light” Shows at
some of Egypt’s most beautiful historic sites. Enjoy the opera
houses of Cairo or Alexandria, or watch traditional dancing as you
cruise down the Nile. Nightclubs play eastern and western music,
or feature shows and live bands. For a truly special experience,
spend a night in the desert being entertained by desert folklore.
• Egypt’s official language is Arabic, but many other languages are
also spoken, including English, French, German, Italian and Spanish.
Communications
• Telephone: you can make local, national and international
calls from public phones using affordable, prepaid cards.
Take advantage of special tourist cellphone rates, or use your
own mobile phone via your operator’s international roaming
service.
• Post: you can buy stamps and post letters at post offices or
from your hotel. Post offices are closed on Fridays.
• Internet: very popular in Egypt, via cybercafés or wireless
access (wifi) in most major cities.
• Crime is rare in Egypt, and you will find trained, English-speaking
Tourist Police at most tourist venues.
Climate
• The climate is moderate all year round. Midsummer can be
hot, but is rarely humid. Winter is generally sunny and pleasant,
but temperatures fall at night, especially in the desert. Heavier
rainfall is usually confined to January and February.
Business hours and public holidays
• Government offices and banks are generally open between
9.00 a.m. and 2.00 p.m. every day except Friday, Saturday
and public holidays. Most shops are open from 10.00 a.m. to
10.00 p.m., except on Sundays. Times may vary in shopping
centers and during Ramadan.
Clothing
• In summer, you only need light cotton clothing, a hat, sun cream and
sunglasses. In winter a sweater is recommended. While there is no
explicit dress code in the cities, women will feel more comfortable
if they do not wear shorts or leave their shoulders uncovered. This is
especially important when visiting churches and mosques.
Public holidays (fixed dates)
• January 7: Coptic Christmas Day
• April 25: Sinai Liberation Day
• May 1: Labor Day
• July 23: Revolution Day (commemorating the abolition of the
monarchy in 1952)
• October 6: Armed Forces Day
• The national currency is the Egyptian Pound (LE), known as
Guineh in Arabic. Each pound is divided into 100 piasters with
different banknotes. ATM machines are found in cities, large
towns and some hotels. Major hotels and large stores also
accept credit cards and travellers’ checks. There are no limits
on the amount of foreign currency you can bring into or take
out of Egypt: money can be changed at banks and foreign
exchange offices.
Public holidays (dates vary according to the Muslim calendar)
• Eid al-Fitr: marks the end of Ramadan
• Eid al-Adha: Feast of Sacrifice (ca. 70 days after the end of
Ramadan)
• Ras el Sana Hijriya: Islamic New Year
• Mawlid al-Nabi: Birthday of the Prophet Mohammed
Local transport
• Transport is plentiful, with taxis in major cities (Cairo has a fleet
of metered yellow cabs). You can hire a car in major cities
and at most airports. EgyptAir runs frequent connecting flights
among Egypt’s tourist cities, and a high-speed train service
links Cairo with other major cities, offering a sleeping service
over longer distances. Most destinations are also served by
air-conditioned buses or coaches.
Time zone and voltage
• Egypt is GMT+2 (+3 during summertime). Voltage: 220V.
Useful numbers
Accommodation
• Tourist Police – 126
• Fire Service – 180
• Ambulance – 123
• Flying Hospital – 37766393/2
• Directory Inquiries – 140
• Cairo Airport Shuttle Bus Service – 19970
• Choose from a wide range of hotel accommodation: deluxe,
budget, eco-lodge or camp.
Food
• Egyptian cuisine is delicious: mildly spicy, with a wide range
of dishes to suit all tastes and budgets. Try stuffed pigeon
with rice, grilled meat kebabs and kofta, or molokhaya soup
with fresh baladi (Egyptian bread). Fresh seafood is served on
the coast and along the Nile. International and vegetarian
cuisines are also well represented.
On departure
• You may buy and export Egyptian goods, but it is strictly
forbidden to trade in or export antiquities.
Photography
• Visitors can take photos freely except in restricted areas such as
airports, ports and military zones. Some museums and historic
sites restrict photography for the protection of antiquities, and
may make a charge. If in doubt, ask.
Temperatures (Degrees °C)
City
Cairo
Mini
Max
Alexandria
Mini
Max
Hurghada
Mini
Sharm el-Sheikh
Mini
Max
Max
Luxor
Mini
Mini
Max
Siwa
Mini
Jan
Feb
March
April
May
June
July
August
Sept
Oct
Nov
Dec
11
19
11
18
10
21
16
22
10
23
11
24
10
19
12
24
12
21
10
23
17
26
11
27
12
30
11
21
13
25
13
23
12
26
18
27
12
29
13
35
12
25
14
26
13
26
16
24
18
28
15
33
17
35
13
29
15
28
17
27
17
27
20
30
20
34
21
36
16
34
17
32
20
29
18
30
21
35
21
37
22
39
19
35
20
35
21
32
20
33
22
37
22
38
24
40
20
38
22
37
23
33
21
34
23
38
25
40
25
41
21
39
20
30
20
28
22
29
21
24
20
35
22
36
18
34
18
25
18
24
20
26
20
27
18
30
15
30
14
31
15
21
15
20
15
22
20
23
12
25
13
25
12
26
11
20
11
20
15
22
16
23
10
24
11
25
10
21
Giza
Hurghada
Distances (KM)
Abu Simbel Alexandria
Where the Gods once blessed Alexander the Great
Egypt’s southernmost oasis, covering an
area of about 200 x 30 km, with around
60,000 inhabitants, is the largest and the
most densely populated of Egypt’s oases.
A considerable part of the land is arable,
a brilliant achievement considering that
Kharga is one of the hottest places on
earth receiving nearly 4400 hours of
sunshine per year.
The province’s capital has an aura of
modern functionalism. More attractive
is the Hibis Temple just 2 km to the north,
considered the best conserved Persian
place of worship in the whole of Egypt.
The fortified temple of Qasr Ghuwata was
Necropolis of Bagawat
also completed under the rule of Darius I,
around 500 BC. Dating back to Roman times is Qasr El-Zayyan, and, far south
in the midst of grandiose sand dunes, is the Osiris Temple of Dush. Over 100
funerary chapels of the necropolis El-Bagawat, all elaborately decorated, are of
early Christian origin. After extensive sightseeing, a bath in the hot thermal springs
of Nasser and Bulaq promises to relax the weary traveler, in addition to providing
health benefits, particularly the alleviation of rheumatism and allergies.
• Egypt offers a wealth of activities for children and young
teenagers, with theme parks, libraries and museums for
children, Kids’ Clubs in many resorts and a host of sporting
activities (swimming, snorkeling, scuba diving, sailing, hiking,
kite surfing, windsurfing, golf courses, diving...). Many hotels
offer a babysitting service.
Language
Max
After the long desert journey, there’s no doubt that every traveler will appreciate
the refreshing shade of the palm groves in this oasis, half way between Dakhla and
Bahariyya. A bath in the sulphur springs of Bir Setta or El-Mufid washes both sand and
fatigue from the limbs. The trip to the necropolis of Ain Besai, 15 km southwest of the
settlement, reveals chapels and rock tombs from the Roman and early Christian eras.
And a visit to Badr’s museum, a local artist’s studio full of original paintings, figures and
objects, fires one’s imagination. Visitors to the White Desert stare in amazement at
the deserted dream landscape, 20 minutes drive north of Farafra, where the winds
of time have sculpted the limestone rock into bizarre shapes—mushrooms, cones,
columns, and table mountains. As if produced by the gigantic hands of surrealist
artists, the white formations lie scattered over a flat area covering roughly 30 km2,
and, particularly at dusk and dawn, shine in luminous pastel colors.
A good three hours’ drive from the coast, rising like a jewel of a mirage, the most remote
of Egypt’s five oases appears out of nowhere in the Western Desert.
Where Alexander the Great once received confirmation of his right of rule over Egypt
by divine oracle, today over-stressed contemporaries enjoy total solitude. The heart
of the 2400 km2 oasis was once the fortress-like ancient town of Shali. The view from its
highest point across the clay houses to the glittering lakes on the horizon is stunning. Siwa’s
archaeological highlight is the ruined city of Aghurmi with its two Amun-sanctuaries. Comfort
for body and soul means a bath on the island of Fatnis, or in the pearly mineral water
of “Cleopatra’s fountain.” At the foot of Djebel Dakhrour, relief for rheumatism sufferers is
brought about by submersion up to the neck in warm sand. Meanwhile, souvenir hunters
search successfully for authentic silver trinkets, pottery and woven ware at the local
handicraft market. Nature lovers ride a bike or take a karretta, the donkey cab, to the shady
palm-groves and watch the colorful multitudes of rare birds on the lake shores. Especially
attractive for those interested in ancient customs are the Siwa Museum and the annual
festival for the date harvest in October. Perhaps the closest you come to nature in Siwa is
by spending your nights staying in one of the splendid eco-lodges for which Siwa in recent
years has gained fame.
The center of the New Valley:
both modern and full of history
Children
• You do not need a vaccination to visit Egypt unless you
come from a high-risk area, in which case you must have
valid vaccination certificates. Egypt has excellent medical
care: you will find highly qualified doctors and well-equipped
hospitals in all major cities. Pharmacies (drugstores) are
generally open 24 hours a day, although patients with special
prescriptions are advised to fill them before traveling.
Aswan
Siwa
Warm springs and a desert full of white, surreal
sculptures
Kharga
• Egyptian handicrafts reflect the country’s history. Souks and
galleries sell handmade goods such as blown glass, pottery,
jewelry, papyrus, carpets, leather goods, scarves, cotton
textiles, alabaster, perfumes and spices. Modern goods can
be found in stores and shopping malls.
Health regulations and medical facilities
Max
Bahariyya
Shopping
Currency and payment
Sharm el-Sheikh
Young and sophisticated: two rising stars on Egypt’s
holiday map
Passport and visa requirements
• To enter Egypt you need a valid passport and a visa, for which
a fee is payable. Depending on the regulations applying to
your country of origin, visas can be obtained from Egyptian
consulates abroad. In many cases, you can also obtain a visa
at any international airport or major port of entry into Egypt.
Visitors to the Gulf of Aqaba and St. Catherine’s entering Egypt
by overland routes are granted free 14-day residence permits,
so do not need visas.
Personal safety
The Mediterranean:
El Alamein, Marsa Matruh
El Gouna Golf Club
Marsa Alam & Port Ghalib
PRACTICAL INFORMATION FOR TRAVELLERS
Alexandria
Aswan
Bahariyya Oasis
Cairo
Dahab
El Gouna
El Quseir
Fayoum Oasis
Giza
Hurghada
Luxor
Marsa Alam
Nuweiba
Sharm el-Sheikh
Siwa Oasis
Suez
Taba
1466
260
1276
1242
1544
770
723
1331
1234
762
442
562
1753
1390
1563
1090
1396
1206
587
224
804
677
825
321
216
685
1024
958
734
658
590
358
664
Aswan
1146
982
1210
510
458
826
982
502
182
302
1206
1130
1528
830
1136
Bahariyya
Oasis
363
943
816
972
452
355
824
964
1284
865
789
387
497
803
Cairo
610
453
509
103
8
504
721
630
670
772
750
134
440
Dahab
704
852
611
522
712
1027
985
70
85
1330
340
140
El Gouna
148
458
412
8
328
281
699
619
1203
319
625
El Quseir
605
675
140
240
133
847
767
1591
467
772
Fayoum
Oasis
97
473
651
971
611
531
839
231
501
469
800
741
518
442
742
142
448
327
273
707
627
1211
327
633
Luxor
320
1023
947
1351
647
953
Marsa Alam
980
900
1671
600
906
Nuweiba
180
1252
382
70
Sharm elSheikh
1184
300
225
Siwa Oasis
884
1190
Suez
306
Please note that this chart displays rough distances
d ed e
The Holy Family’s trip through Egypt
The White Desert
.
Following the footsteps of the Holy Family through Egypt
All information contained herein is correct at the time of production. Whilst every care has been
taken in the preparation of this brochure, the Egyptian Tourist Authority cannot be held liable for any
inaccuracy, omission or alteration that may occur.
DDB Travel & Tourism 443 247 168 RCS Paris - © Andrew O’Toole / Corbis. © Arnaud Chicurel / hemis.
fr - Bertrand Gardel / hemis.fr - Bertrand Rieger / hemis.fr. © Colin Dutton / Corbis - Grand Tour / Corbis.
© Hesham Labib - Pixtal - Philip & Karen Smith / Getty images. © Orascom / Taba Heights. © Zefa /
Corbis. Cartography: Edigraphie, Rouen. Content: Walter M.Weiss.
Holy Family
Mary and Joseph spent four years with Jesus in the “Land of the Nile” in order to escape persecution at the hands of
King Herod. Their “Flight to Egypt” has served as a chief inspiration for much Christian art. Many believers from all over the
world still follow the Holy Family’s path from the Eastern Delta to Cairo, into Wadi el-Natroun, and up the Nile to the region
of Mallawi and Asyut. Like the beads of a rosary, the hiding and resting places of the three refugees, and the numerous
grand old Coptic churches and monasteries that were built in the sites where they sheltered, form a tightly strung chain
of sites, all well worth a visit. Such pilgrim journeys, for which numerous organizers offer their services, impart to each
participant a lasting impression of Egypt’s immensely rich cultural heritage from earliest Christian times.