Lesson Plan for Private Pilot Glider

Transcription

Lesson Plan
for
Private Pilot Glider
© by Lukas von Atzigen
Student Information:
First Name
Middle
Last Name
Street Address
City
State
Tel. Home
Mobile:
Student’s weight
Ballast Required
ZIP
This Lesson Plan was created to provide some ideas and structure on for the
instruction of new pilots, transition pilots and flight reviews.
Each stage has a lesson plan and a set of refresher or self-assessment
questions. These questions will provide indications of topics that need to be
reviewed and or discussed.
© Lukas von Atzigen
Page: 1
Instruction Agreement
I agree to follow all club and airfield rules and FAA regulations without
exception.
I certify that I have no known medical deficiency, which makes me unable to
pilot a glider.
I am not currently subject to any investigation or restriction by an aviation
authority.
Release and Assumption of Risk
I hereby declare that I am willingly and voluntarily participating in activities
associated with flying gliders. I realize that this activity is potentially
hazardous, and I certify that I am cognizant of all of the inherent dangers of
this activity, and I declare that the potential hazards have been fully described
to me prior to my agreeing to participate.
I understand and agree that any participating glider pilots, tow pilots flight
instructors or line personnel will not be held liable in any way for any
occurrence in connection with this activity which may result in injury, death or
other damages to me or my family, heirs or assigns.
I irrevocably covenant , promise and agree to indemnify the instructors
__________________________________________________________,
their heirs and assigns , and hold them, their heirs and assigns harmless
from any and all losses, claims, expenses, suits, damages, costs, demands
or liabilities, joint or several , of whatever kind or nature arising out of or
relating in any way to the flight instruction, ground instruction, endorsements,
recommendations or approvals provided to me by my instructors, including,
without limitation, in each case attorney’s fees, cost and expenses actually
incurred in defending against any such losses, claims, expenses, suits,
damages or liabilities.
I further state that I am of 18 years of age or older and legally competent to
sign this release and Assumption of Risk; that I understand the terms herein
are contractual and not a mere recital; and that I have signed this document
as my own free act.
I have fully informed myself of the contents of this Release and Assumption
of Risk by reading it before I signed it. I assume my own responsibility of
physical fitness and capability to participate in this activity.
In witness whereof, I have executed this Release and Assumption of Risk on
______________.20__
Signature:
___________________
Print Name:
___________________
Page: 2
Lesson Layout
Phase
1.Preflight Preparation
2.Preflight Procedures
3.Airport Operations
4.1. Launches
4.2. Landings
5.Airspeeds
6.Soaring Techniques
7.Maneuvers
8.Navigation
9.Slow Flight & Stalls
10. Emergencies
11. Postflight Procedures
A1 Decision Making
A2 Judgement Exercise
B1 Pre-Solo Test
B2 Solo Flights
C1 Final Preparation
D1 Alternative Launches
E1 Power Transition
F1 Commercial
G1 Flight Review
1
I
I
A
I
A
I
A
X
X
I = Introduction A = Application
Index
Stage 01
Stage 02
Stage 03
Stage 04
Stage 05
Stage 06
Stage 07
Stage 08
Stage 09
Stage 10
Stage 11
Stage 12
Stage 13
Stage 14
Stage 15
Stage 16
Stage 17
Stage 18
Stage 19
Stage 20
2
Lessons must be repeated if standards have not been reached
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
I A A A A A A E A E
A A A A A A A E A E
I A A A
A E A E
I A A A A A A E A E
I A A E E E E E E
A A A A A A A E A E
I
E A E
A
E A E
I A
E A E
I A
E
E
I I E
E
A A A A A A A E A E
X
X
X
X
X
X X X
X X X X X X X X X X
X
X
X
X X
X X
E = Evaluation
Introduction Flight
Checklists & Preflight Procedures
Aero Tow & Maneuvering
Airport Operations & Landings
Box the Wake & Spot Landing
Navigation
Soaring Techniques
Tow Emergencies
Emergencies
Pre-Solo Test
Solo Flights
Preparation for Practical Test
Ground Tow (Auto)
Ground Tow (Winch)
Self Launch
Coordinated Flight
Flying with Passengers
Preparation for Practical Test
Flight Review Part I
Flight Review Part II
Page: 3
Completed Lessons
1. PREFLIGHT PREPARATION
a)Certificates and Documents
b)Weather Information
c)Operation of Systems
d)Performance and Limitations
e)Aeromedical Factors
2. PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES
a)Assembly
b)Ground Handling
c)Preflight Inspection
d)Cockpit Management
e)Visual Signals
3. AIRPORT AND GLIDERPORT
OPERATIONS
a)Radio Communications
b)Traffic Patterns
c)Airport, Runway, and Taxiway Signs,
Markings and Lighting
4. LAUNCHES AND LANDINGS
AERO TOW
a) Before Takeoff Check
b) Normal and Crosswind Takeoff
c) Maintaining Tow Positions
d) Slack Line
e) Boxing the Wake
f) Tow Release
g) Abnormal Occurrences
GROUND TOW (AUTO or WINCH)
h) Before Takeoff Check
i) Normal and Crosswind Takeoff
j) Abnormal Occurrences
SELF-LAUNCH
k)Engine Starting
l) Taxiing
m) Before Takeoff Check
n) Normal and Crosswind Takeoff and Climb
o) Engine Shutdown in flight
p) Abnormal Occurrences
LANDINGS
q) Normal and Crosswind Landing
r) Slip to Landing
s) Downwind Landing
Stages
2
7
1, 2
7, 9
2, 5
2
4
2
2
2
4
4
4
2
3
3, 5
3, 5
5
3, 5
8
13, 14
13, 14
13, 14
15
15
15
15
15
15
4
4
8
Page: 4
PTS List cont.
5. PERFORMANCE AIRSPEEDS
a) Minimum Sink Airspeed
b) Speed to Fly
6, 7
6, 7
6. SOARING TECHNIQUES
a) Thermal Soaring
b) Ridge and Slope Soaring
c) Wave Soaring
7
7
7
7. PERFORMANCE MANEUVERS
a) Straight Glides
b) Turns to Headings
c) Steep Turns
1, 3
1, 3
1, 3
8. NAVIGATION
a) Flight Preparation and Planning
b) National Airspace System
6
6
9. SLOW FLIGHT AND STALLS
a) Maneuvering at Minimum Control Airspeed
b) Stall Recognition and Recovery
3
3
10. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS
a) Simulated Off-Airport Landing
b) Emergency Equipment and Survival Gear
9
9
11. POSTFLIGHT PROCEDURES
a) After Landing and Securing
1, 4
Page: 5
Stage:
1.a. INTRODUCTION
Objectives
Introduce student to the handling of the glider in the air.
Introduce student to straight and level flight and turns at different airspeeds
Introduce student to post flight procedures
Content / Elements
Show basic components of the glider and explain cockpit equipment
Tow to 3000ft and explain straight & level flight at different airspeeds
Emphasis on keeping the nose below horizon.
Brief introduction in turns and explanation of its components.
After landing show retrieval and parking of the glider
Equipment
Glider
Ruler
Paper & Pencil
Schedule
25 min
7 min
10 min
3 min
10 min
Introduction on ground
Tow
Maneuvers
Landing
Debriefing
Instructor’s Action
Student’s Action
Explain components of glider
Explain equipment in cockpit
Focus on airspeed indicator and yawstring
Install ruler as speed indicator and explain
(Position of horizon equals airspeed)
Demonstrate straight & level at
different speeds
Demonstrate turn elements
Explain after landing procedures and parking
of the glider
Repeat all components
Follow with hands on controls through whole
flight
Hold airspeed and glider steady at level flight
Fly a turn
Performance Evaluation
Flight /
Lesson
OK?
Completion Standards
Steady and easy on the controls for straight & level flight
Student can explain relation of attitude and airspeed
Remarks:
Page: 6
Refresher Test
Stage:
1.b.INTRODUCTION FLIGHT REFRESHER
Objectives
Cockpit
Straight & level flight components / Turn components
Parking of the glider
Test Questions
1. My seat position in the glider is:
(if adjustable)
The pedal position is
2. When tightening the seat belts,
A) tighten the shoulder belts first
B) tighten the belly belt first
C) tighten the shoulder belt only
I need ballast:
lbs
3. The emergency canopy release on our
glider is located (where?)
4. The release for the towhook on our glider is
located (where?)
5. In straight and level flight, the nose of the
glider shall always be..
A) above the horizon
B) on the horizon
C)below the horizon
7. Attitude of the glider is …
A) bad mood of the pilot
B) glider position relative to any axis
C)height above ground
9. During flight the yawstring should always
point…
A) in a turn to the side the glider turns
B) in a turn the opposite side the glider turns
C)straight back
11.
Bank angle of the glider is the …
A) angle of the lateral axis relative to the
horizon
B) angle of the longitudinal axis relative to the
horizon
C)angle of the horizontal axis relative to the
horizon
13.To avoid airsickness during extended
turning…
A) breathe at a higher rate
B) look down on the ground to the center of the
turn
C)look far out on the horizon
15.
After landing …
A) wait for help to pull the glider back to the
start
B) clear the runway as fast as practical
C)get the tail dolly
Date:
Remarks:
6. The airspeed indicator measures the speed
of the glider..
A) over the ground
B) relative to the air
C)climbing
8. Airspeed of the glider is depending on…
A) constant position of the glider relative to the
horizon
B) wind as indicated on the windsock
C)position of the spoilers
10. For a left turn, initial movement of the
stick is…
A) left and right rudder pedal is pushed
B) left and left rudder pedal is pushed
C)right and left rudder is pushed
12. in an uncoordinated turn, the inclinometer
(ball) ..
A) is on the same side as the yawstring.
B) is on the opposite side as the yawstring
C)is always on the inside of the turn
D)is always on the outside of the turn
14. Before initiating a turn…
A) check intended side of the turn if clear
B) check airspeed
C)make sure that yawstring is straight
16. When parking the glider …
A) extend the spoilers and ensure that canopy
is closed
B) open the canopy so it doesn’t get to hot
inside
C)place the ballast on the wing
Initials:
Page: 7
Stage:
2.a. CHECKLISTS & PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES
Objectives
Proper use of checklists for pre-flight check, takeoff check, pre-landing check
Repeat straight & level flights and turns
Content / Elements
Explain all flight instruments and their use
Introduce the complete pre-flight check of the glider and use of the checklist
Introduce signals used
Introduce the takeoff checklist
Tow to 3000ft and repeat straight and level flight – utilize updrafts if available
Equipment
Glider
Pre-flight Checklist
Takeoff Checklist
Landing Checklist
Schedule
20 min
5 min
5 min
20 min
10 min
Pre-flight check
Signals for glider launch
Check before takeoff
Flight
Debriefing
Student’s Action
Explain cockpit instruments
Demonstrate complete pre-flight check
including positive control check
Demonstrate hand signals on a glider launch
Demonstrate takeoff check
Demonstrate landing check
Repeat preflight check
Repeat hand signals
Repeat takeoff check
Follows with hand on controls through the
whole flight
Practice straight and level
Practice turns
Repeat landing check
Flight /
Lesson
OK?
Understands uses checklist when appropriate
Can keep the glider steady at a requested airspeed and heading in straight and level flight
Understands coordinated turn
Remarks:
Page: 8
Refresher Test
Stage:
2.b.CHECKLISTS & PREFLIGHT PROCEDURES
Objectives
Use of Checklists
Pre-flight procedures
Hand Signals
Test Questions
1. Where is the checklist situated in the glider
you fly?
2. What is the minimum required weight of the
pilot in the glider you fly (without using
ballast)?
3. Where is the ballast installed in the glider
you fly?
4. What is the altimeter setting at the airport
you fly from? (ft AMSL)
5. A positive control check shall …
6. A checklist shall be used…
A) always be done on a pre-flight check
A)for pre flight check only
B) only be done when glider was disassembled B)on any occasion where available and its use
C)be done at the end of the day
is save.
C)on the ground only
7. The preflight checklist typically can be found 8. Checklists …
…
A) are interchangeable between different
A) published on the internet
gliders
B) in the glider logbook
B) may be different between different gliders
C)in the owners/operating manual
C)are not necessary if they are memorized
9. The cutthroat hand signal means …
10.When the pilot signals thumbs up to the
A) release towrope or turn off engine
wing runner…
B) take up slack of the towrope
A) then he needs another minute
C)tighten seatbelts
B)the wing runner checks the pattern and lifts
the wing
C)he requests the wing runner to check if the
tail dolly is removed
11. Which word helps you memorize your
12. Which word helps you to memorize the
physical abilities checklist?
required paperwork on board?
A) UNINSTALL
A) USTALL
B) I’M SAFE
B) I’M SAFE
C)AROW
C)AROW
13. What is the never exceed speed (Vne) of
14. At what speed you should not fly in
the glider you fly?
turbulent air?
15. What is the phone number to obtain a
weather briefing?
A) 1-800 WXBRIEF
B) 1-800-WEATHER
C)1-800-THERMAL
Date:
Remarks:
16. Which component on the glider is used to
change the bank angle?
A) Elevator
B) Aileron
C)Rudder
Initials:
Page: 9
Stage:
3.a. AERO TOW AND MANEUVERING
Objectives
Pre flight preparation
Introduction in aero tow
Introduction slow flight and stalls
Content / Elements
Introduction in the available pre flight methods (weather, physical etc.)
First steps on the aero tow
Maneuvers: slow flight, imminent stall, full stall
Equipment
Telephone / Computer (Internet)
Glider
Schedule
20 min
7 min
10 min
3 min
10 min
Introduction on ground
Tow
Maneuvers& Landing
Landing
Debriefing
Student’s Action
Explain preparation methods with weather
briefing and physical checklist
Explain each phase of the tow
Tow to 3000ft while letting student try on short
portions
Demonstrate slow flight
Demonstrate imminent stall
Demonstrate full stall
Utilize Thermals if possible – no stalls below
1500ft AGL
Perform pre-flight check on the glider
First attempt to control the glider during
several short durations on tow
Practice slow flight
Practice imminent stall
Practice full stall
Flight /
Lesson
OK?
Student can recover from full stall without entering secondary stalls
Steady on controls during slow flight and recovery from imminent stall
Able to hold position behind tow plane for 30 seconds
Remarks:
Page: 10
Refresher Test
Stage:
3.b.AERO TOW AND MANEUVERING
Objectives
Towing and Tow Signals
Slow Flight
Stalls
Test Questions
1.Which hand of the altimeter shows the
hundreds of feet in altitude?
A) long hand
B) short hand
3.Where do you keep your left hand during
aero tow?
A) keep the water bottle from floating
B) free
C)on the spoilers
D)on the tow rope disconnect
5.During the aero tow, the towplane waggles
with its rudder. That means
A) release immediately
B) the towplane will reduce speed
C)check your spoilers
7.How do you correct a slack in the rope
during aero tow?
A) pull up nose up
B) spoilers
C)slipping
9. At what airspeed does your glider stall?
11. Before practicing maneuvers, we…
A) tighten the seat belts
B) fly clearing turns to check for other traffic
C)check altimeter
13. While in a turn, stall speed…
A) is higher than in straight flight
B) is lower than in straight flight
C)remains the same as in straight flight
15.The maximum safe crosswind component
of my glider is …
(wind speed)
Date:
Remarks:
2.What is the signal of the wing runner to the
towpilot to take off?
A) wave his/her arm
B) circle his/her arm
C)hold his/her arm straight to the side
4.How do you correct your horizontal position
behind the towplane?
A) with the rudder
B) coordinated with rudder & ailerons
C)aileron only
6.During aero tow the towplane waggles with
its wings. That means
A) release immediately
B) the towplane will reduce speed
C)check your spoilers
8.During a left turn on aero tow, where does
the gliders nose point to?
A) to the tail of the towplane
B) to the right wingtip of the towplane
C)to the left wingtip of the towplane
10. What are the indications of an imminent
stall? (just before the stall)
A) light buffet on the controls
B) no pressure on the controls
C)nose drops
12.In a full developed stall…
A) the nose of the glider drops rapidly
B) the controls are ineffective
C)you can hear a whistling noise
14.Adverse yaw is created through…
A) wind changes
B) the different induced drag on each wing in a
turn
C)the wrong use of the rudder
16.My minimum altitude at the IP of the landing
pattern is…
A) 800 ft AGL
B) 900 ft MSL
C)1000 ft AGL
Initials:
Page: 11
Stage:
4.a. AIRPORT OPERATIONS & LANDINGS
Objectives
Different aspects in an airport operation
Landing techniques
Side Slip, Forward Slip
Content / Elements
Explain the traffic pattern
Fly a simulated traffic pattern at higher altitudes above the airport
Explain the different landing techniques including forward slip and side slip
Equipment
Map of the gliderport
Glider model
Glider
Schedule
25 min
7 min
5 min
5 min
5 min
10 min
Introduction on the ground
Tow to 3000ft
Slips
Simulated landing pattern
Landing
Debriefing
Student’s Action
Introduction of traffic pattern and operations on
and around the runway
Introduction in the slip techniques
(forward/sideslip)
Demonstration of slipping in flight
Demonstration of landing pattern
Talk the student through the landing
Preflight
Aero tow
Repeat the slip techniques
Fly the simulated landing pattern
Do the landing with instructors help
Flight /
Lesson
OK?
Understands the elements of a glider operation
Can safely enter a slip and recover from it
Understands the elements of the landing
Remarks:
Page: 12
Refresher Test
Stage:
4.b.AIRPORT OPERATIONS & LANDINGS
Objectives
Understanding Airport Operations
Landing Pattern
Elements of the Landing
Test Questions
1.What are the orientations of the runways at
your airport? (Runway headings)
2.How long is the main runway at your airport?
3.What altitude AMSL is the landing pattern at
your airport?
4.What directions is the landing pattern at your
airport
A) left pattern
B) right pattern
C)different for each runway
6.How is the required landing speed generally
determined?
A) best L/D of the glider
B) least sink rate of the glider
C)~ 1.3 times stall speed of the glider
8.When do you turn from downwind to base?
A) When abeam the runway threshold
B) When the runway threshold is about 45°
behind me
C)When the runway threshold is about one
runway length behind me
10. On final, where do you aim for the landing
A) before the desired touch down point
B) after the desired touch down point
C)to the end of the runway
5.What is the required airspeed on a landing
approach of your glider?
7.How far away from the runway shall the
downwind leg be?
A) 0.5 mi
B) 1 mi
C)about 45° from the horizon onto the runway
9.On the approach, how do you control
airspeed and how do you control descent
rate?
A) airspeed with attitude, descent rate with
spoilers
B) airspeed with spoilers, descent rate with
attitude
C)Both with the spoilers
11. Which measures can be used for
crosswind compensation on landing?
A) crabbing
B) crabbing or sideslip
C)crabbing or forward slip
13. After touchdown, the spoilers shall be…
A) opened and the stick shall be pulled all the
way back
B) opened and the stick shall be pushed
forward
C)opened and the glider shall be balanced on
its main wheel
D)closed and the glider shall be balanced on
its main wheel
Date:
Remarks:
12. Where is the wheel brake handle located in
your glider?
14. You just touched down and roll against an
obstacle. How can you prevent to hit it?
A) Pull the glider back in the air
B) Try to roll around with full deflected rudder
C)Put a wing down onto the ground and
ground loop
Initials:
Page: 13
Phase:
5.a. BOX THE WAKE & SPOT LANDING
Objectives
Maneuvering on Aero Tow
Spot Landing (Touch Down in defined area)
Content / Elements
Introduction boxing the wake
Practice boxing the wake
Introduce the landing with touch down in a predefined area
Equipment
Glider
Schedule
20 min
10 min
20 min
5 min
5 min
Ground Instruction
Tow with boxing the wake
Maneuvering
Landing
Debriefing
Student’s Action
Explain boxing the wake maneuvers
Define landing area and aiming points
(approx. 200 ft)
Brief Tow Pilot about intentions
(maneuvers above 1500ft)
Demonstrate boxing the wake
Supervise the landing
Perform preflight check
Takeoff on tow
Follow instruction on boxing the wake
Altitude permitting repeat maneuvering lessons
Landing in predetermined landing area
Flight /
Lesson
OK?
Steady on the controls for boxing the wake with a hesitation in each corner
Land safe and smooth in a defined area (200ft)
Remarks
Page: 14
Refresher Test
Stage:
5.b.BOX THE WAKE & SPOT LANDING
Objectives
Elements of boxing the wake
Elements of spot landing
Repetition of previous lessons
Test Questions
1. When boxing the wake what control inputs
are used for the movement to the side?
A) coordinated turn with ailerons and rudder
B) ailerons
C)rudder
3. If the towplane in front of me drops
considerably…(remaining in sight)
A) I push the controls forward to follow it
B) I pull the spoilers to avoid a slack in the tow
rope
C)I can expect that I will drop too in the next
couple seconds
5. Just before releasing from tow…
A) I open up all the vents for fresh air
B) I check my position to the airport
C)I check left and right for other traffic
7. On a landing with a tailwind, I have to be
careful not to…
A) overshoot the intended landing spot
B) use to much spoilers
C)brake to hard with the wheel brakes
9. A wheel landing is…
A) to avoid in every case
B) a landing where the main wheel touches first
C)a landing where both main wheel and tail
wheel touch down at the same time
11. What is the descent angle on an approach
with full spoilers on your glider?
13. Before and during an extended flight I
should…
A) avoid drinking to much water, so I wouldn’t
have to go to the bathroom
B) not eat to much, otherwise I would get to
sleepy
C)drink enough to avoid dehydration
Date:
Remarks:
2. How low should you fly on the low tow
position?
A) just below the turbulence of the tow plane
B) as far as the towrope allows
C)to the point where the controls are full
forward
4. On takeoff in a crosswind, while the
towplane is still on the ground…
A) I crab into the wind
B) I move to the downwind side of the runway
C)I go into a higher tow position
6a. Tow speed for my glider should be:
6b. … and should not exceed:
8. What is important for a smooth spot
landing?
A) full deployed spoilers
B) slip on final
C)constant airspeed and smooth control inputs
10. What is the characteristic of a full stall
landing?
A) touchdown is at minimum speed and
reduces rollout distance
B) the most dangerous way to land
C)can only be done with headwind
12. After the consumption of alcoholic
beverages I have to wait…
A) 8 hours before I can fly a glider
B) 12 hours before I can fly a glider
C)until I’m not under the influence of alcohol
anymore
14. Who decides, if it is safe to make the take
off
A) Tow Pilot
B) Flight Instructor
C)Wing Runner
D)Glider Pilot
Initials:
Page: 15
Stage:
6.a. NAVIGATION
Objectives
Maps
Planning a cross country flight (“Cone” technique)
Content / Elements
Use of maps and identification of landmarks
Use of performance data of glider and plan a distance flight in the vicinity of the airport
Fly this distance flight (may be only a glide) and demonstrate the actual performance of the
glider
Equipment
Sectional Map and Ruler
Cardboard for in flight use of cone technique
Glider manual
Glider
Schedule
30 min
30 min
5 min
10 min
Ground Instruction
Flight
Landing
Debriefing
Student’s Action
Explain airspace system
Identify 2 landmarks which can be reached
with an altitude loss of 1000 ft and plan it on
the map (cone technique)
Explain techniques of identification of position
Explain magnetic compass
Talk the student through the distance flight
Demonstrate East/West headings and
North/South headings
Tow to 3000 ft to the previously planned
position
Fly the distance and record the altitude loss
Altitude permitting (thermals) repeat the same
distance at different speed
Use the cardboard ruler for reference
Identify landmarks on the ground
Apply positioning techniques
Turn to headings
Flight /
Lesson
OK?
Can plan a distant flight
Understands the “cone”technique
Can explain the airspace system and identify different airspaces
Remarks
Page: 16
Refresher Test
Stage:
6.b.NAVIGATION
Objectives
Navigation techniques
Airspaces
Maps
Test Questions
1. When using the L/D of your glider for
planning, you
A) take the number as stated in the flight
manual
B) use ¾ of the best L/D
C)use ½ of the best L/D
3. What distance can you fly with a loss of
2,000ft with your glider when there is a
headwind of 10 kts?
2. What distance can you fly with a loss of
2,000ft with your glider?
5.When flying into a headwind the speed to fly
is
A) at best L/D
B) at minimum sink speed
C)faster than L/D
7. Which is the closest Class C airspace to
your airport?
6.What is the altitude for a safe gliding
distance, when 5 nm from the airport?
4. How long does it take you to fly this
distance? (question 3)
8.How many nautical miles from your airport is
the closest Restricted Airspace?
9. In order to enter a Class D airspace, I
10. What is the frequency of the nearest ATC
have…
facility and what is its name?
A) no special requirements to follow
B) to be on a flight plan
C)to have two-way communication with the
appropriate ATC facility
11. Name 3 landmarks near your airport to find 12. Which instrument at an ATC facility can
your way back.
determine where you are transmitting from?
(Buildings, Roads, etc.)
13. Which headings are the least sensitive for
turning errors?
A) 0° / 180°
B) 90° / 270°
C)280° / 100°
Date:
Remarks:
14. Which headings are the least sensitive for
acceleration / deceleration errors?
f) 0° / 180°
g) 90° / 270°
h) 280° / 100°
Initials:
Page: 17
Stage:
7.a. SOARING TECHNIQUES
Objectives
Descent on tow
Thermaling / Ridge Soaring
Content / Elements
Descent on tow
Identification of lift
Judgment Exercise (Student shall decide if take off is adequate and safe)
Equipment
Telephone / Computer
Glider
Bad towrope
Schedule
30 min
5 min
10 min
50 min
10 min
10 min
Ground Instruction
Judgment exercise
Tow (including descent 200ft)
Soaring
Spot Landing
Debriefing
Student’s Action
Ground Instruction in Soaring
Judgment exercise (towrope, fuel, damage)
Instruct descent on tow
Obtain weather briefing with Thermal Index
Use judgment for safe takeoff
Descent on tow
Thermaling / Ridge Soaring
Spot Landing
Flight /
Lesson
OK?
Student can safely descent on tow
Student can find lift and gains 500ft in altitude
Remarks:
Page: 18
Refresher Test
Stage:
7.b.SOARING TECHNIQUES
Objectives
Understands how to descent on tow
Can identify lift and knows were to find it
Test Questions
1.The thermal index indicates lift when…
A) the numbers are negative
B) the numbers are positive
C)the index is close to zero
2.If the towplane ahead starts to descent while
on tow …
A) I release immediately
B) I push the controls forward to follow
C)I apply slip and/or spoilers as necessary
3. Which clouds indicate good lift?
4. Where can I usually find good lift?
A) Stratus Clouds
A) Over lakes
B) Nimbus Clouds
B) Below high rising clouds
C)Cumulus Clouds
C)Below flat fuzzy clouds
5. If no clouds present, I can try to find lift …
6. The direction to turn in a lift is …
A) where I see birds
A) not an issue
B) over a lake
B) defined by the glider in the same lift at
C)over wooded area
highest altitude
C)defined by the glider in the same lift who
was there first.
7. When soaring on a ridge, the glider …
8. When thermaling with other gliders in the
A) with the ridge on his right has right of way
same thermal…
B) with the ridge on his left has right of way
A) I concentrate on the variometer and adjust
C)at the lower altitude has right of way
for best climb rate
B) I concentrate on airspeed indicator
C)I keep my eyes outside the cockpit and keep
track of the other gliders.
9. The characteristic of a waive is…
10. When leaving a thermal for the next leg…
A) turbulence below and laminar air on top
A) I push forward and trim for 65 kts
B) very turbulent air
B) I fly faster in stronger sink or slower in
C)no updraft
lighter sink
C)I fly slower in stronger sink or faster in
lighter sink
11. You finally got underneath that huge cloud 12. You approach an expected lift underneath
and you still don’t get updraft. Where do you
a cloud. Short before the cloud you get into
start to look for lift?
heavy downdraft.
A) on the sunny side of the cloud
A) I increase airspeed and keep going
B) on the shadow side of the cloud
B) I turn around, the cloud may not have the lift
C)under the center of the cloud
expected
C)I slow down, not to loose to much altitude
13. How close can you fly to a cloud in a Class 14. How close can you fly to a cloud in a Class
E airspace?
G airspace (more than 1200 ft from surface
A) just clear of clouds
but below 10,000 ft MSL)?
B) 500 ft below, 1000 ft above, 1 mile
A) just clear of clouds
horizontal
B) 500 ft below, 1000 ft above, 1 mile
C)500 ft below, 1000 ft above, 2000 ft
horizontal
horizontal
C)500 ft below, 1000 ft above, 2000 ft
horizontal
Date:
Remarks:
Initials:
Page: 19
Stage:
8.a. TOW EMERGENCIES
Objectives
Introduce Rope Breaks at different altitudes
Explain Towplane malfunctions
Content / Elements
Simulated Rope Breaks at different altitudes
Instruction on possible Emergencies with the Towplane involved
Emergency Signals
Equipment
Towrope
Glider
Towplane
Schedule
30 min.
1 min
1 min
10 min
Ground Instruction
Tow with rope break at 200 ft
Landing
Debriefing
Student’s Action
Explain the different Emergencies during Tow
Explain the Emergency Signals of Glider,
Towplane, Wing Runner
Explain the rope break procedure and prepare
student that the rope will break at 200 ft
Disconnect rope at appropriate altitude
Talk the student through the procedure when
rope breaks
Takeoff
Plan rope break procedure
Perform procedure as instructed
Flight /
Lesson
OK?
Student acts immediately without hesitation and performs the rope break procedure flawless
Student can explain different emergencies and the appropriate action
Remarks
Page: 20
Refresher Test
Stage:
8.b.TOW EMERGENCIES
Objectives
Rope Breaks at different altitudes
Possible Emergencies with the Towplane involved
Emergency Signals
Test Questions
1. If the tow rope breaks at 300 ft…
A) I always turn right
B) I always turn left
C)I turn into the wind
2. If the towplane has an engine failure on the
takeoff roll…
A) I apply spoilers and wheel brakes and try
not to hit anything
B) I disconnect the rope and apply wheel
brakes
C) I pull up and try to fly over the towplane
3. During the tow, the towpilot signals quick
4. During the tow, the towpilot signals wing
rudder waggles
rocking
A) I should close the spoilers
A) I should close the spoilers
B) I should release the towrope immediately
B) I should release the towrope immediately
C)I should fly more on his left
C)I should fly a little higher
5. The safe altitude to turn back to the airport
6. If the rope breaks before reaching the safe
is…
altitude for a turn back…
A) 200 ft
A) I choose an area ahead where I can expect
B) 300 ft
the least harm to myself and try to land there
C)depending on wind and position relative to
B) I turn back anyway
the airfield
C)I pull to slow down and try to conserve as
much altitude as possible
7. What is your first action after a rope break
8. If the wing runner attaches the rope on the
occurs?
CG-hook instead on the front hook…
A) release remainder of towrope
A) the glider will be less stable around the
B) set attitude/ trim for safe airspeed
lateral axis
C)turn back to the runway
B) this is a dangerous situation, I have to
release as soon as I detect it
C)the towrope is more likely to break
9. On take-off you have the spoilers out and
10. If you can not release your end of the rope.
you are approaching an obstacle low. What
What is the procedure to signal to the
can you expect?
towpilot?
A) the towpilot will rock the wings
A) Waggle the wings
B) the towpilot will waggle the rudder
B) Fishtail
C)the towpilot will cut his end of the rope loose C)Position yourself on the side were the
towplane has its mirror and waggle the
wings
11. How does the towpilot signal if he can’t
12. If both can not release what is the
release the rope?
procedure?
A) Rock the wings
A) Land on tow in normal position
B) Fishtailing
B) Try to brake the rope by jerking the glider
C)Pulls elevator up and down
around
C)Land in a low tow position, glider first, then
towplane
Date:
Remarks:
Initials:
Page: 21
Stage:
9.a. EMERGENCIES
Objectives
Light Signals from Tower and Interception procedures
Airspeed Indicator Failure
Off Field Landing sites
Content / Elements
Instruct light signals from tower and Interception procedures
Attitude flight (Airspeed Indicator Failure)
Student decides for different fields for an off field landing
Equipment
Glider
Post-it note (Airspeed Indicator obstruction)
Car
FAR/AIM
Schedule
30 min
40 min
10 min
40 min
Ground Instruction
Flight
Debriefing
See the chosen landing field from
the ground
Student’s Action
Instruct Light Signals from Tower and
interception procedures (FAR/AIM)
Obstruct Student’s Airspeed Indicator
Attitude Flight without Airspeed Indicator
(Inclusive Landing)
Decide for 3 fields for an off field landing and
explain the landing pattern
Drive to the chosen sites and look at them
from the ground
Flight /
Lesson
OK?
Student knows the different light signals and Interception procedures
Student can safely land without airspeed indicator
Student knows what to look for by choosing an off field landing site
Remarks
Page: 22
Refresher Test
Stage:
9.b.EMERGENCIES
Objectives
Light Signals from Tower and Interception procedures
Airspeed Indicator Failure
Off Field Landing sites
Test Questions
1. If Intercepted by an aircraft, at what
frequency do you contact ATC? (Provided
that you have a radio on board)
A) Frequency of the nearest controlled
airspace
B) Flight Watch Frequency
C)Emergency Frequency 121.5 MHZ
3. How do you acknowledge the signals of an
intercepting aircraft
A) I wave to the pilot and show a thumbs up
B) I move the spoilers in and out
C)I rock the wings
5. When the airspeed indicator fails…
A) that is not a problem
B) I fly by attitude rather on the faster side and
land as soon as possible
C)I fly as fast as possible and apply spoilers
7. At what altitude shall a suitable area for an
off field landing site be chosen?
A) 1500 ft AGL
B) 2000 ft AGL
C)3000 ft AGL
9. How do you examine the off field landing
site from the air?
A) Circling over the downwind leg until
approach altitude reached
B) Circling directly over the field in wide turns
to examine field from different angles
C)Circling over the crosswind leg until
approach altitude reached
11. Which field would be preferable for an off
field landing?
A) Corn field
B) Wheat field
C)Meadow
D)Pond
Date:
Remarks:
2. What is the cleared-to-land signal from the
tower at a controlled airfield?
A) Steady green
B) Flashing green
C)Flashing white
4. What could be the reason for being
intercepted
A) They are just curious because they have
never seen a glider before
B) They do that for practice
C)I may be in an airspace where I shouldn’t be
6. When shall the airspeed indicator be
checked?
A) On takeoff while still on the ground
B) On tow, when safe altitude has been
reached
C)During preflight check by blowing into the
pitot tube
8. At what altitude shall the landing field be
selected?
A) 1000 ft AGL
B) 1500 ft AGL
C)2000 ft AGL
10. How do you fly the off field landing pattern?
A) The same as at the airfield
B) A little tighter and faster
C)Wider than at the airfield with shallow turns
12. If you have to land in an unlandable area
with obstacles (boulders)…
A) Pull the landing gear up
B) Try to slip into the obstacles wing first
C)Pull up just before the obstacle
Initials:
Page: 23
Stage:
10.a.
PRE-SOLO TEST
Objectives
Check the lessons learned and evaluate the ability of the student for solo flight
Content / Elements
Minimum of 3 flights including complete preflight test
Judgment Exercise
Distractions
Rope break
Equipment
Glider
Tow rope
Schedule
10 min
30 min
3 min
10 min
Ground Instruction
Flight
Spot Landing
Debriefing
Student’s Action
Distract Student during his checks
Evaluate Student’s action
Do rope break at least once during the flights
Complete flight per task given from Flight
Instructor
Sign off student for solo if standards are met
Flight /
Lesson
OK?
Safe operation of the glider throughout the flight without and doubts for performance of Student
on SOLO FLIGHT
If requirements are not met, repeat applicable Stage 1 through 9
Remarks
Page: 24
Stage:
10.b.
PRE-SOLO TEST
Objectives
Check the lessons learned and evaluate the ability of the student for solo flight
Test Questions
1.What is the minimum weight required in the
pilots seat for solo flight?
2.What speed shall not be exceeded in
turbulent air?
Do you need to take ballast?
3.What are your actions in case of a rope
break below 200ft?
4.What are your actions in case of a rope
break beyond 200ft?
5.You see another airplane at your altitude
6.You get to close to a cloud and get sucked
coming at you head-on. What is your evasive
in, what do you do?
action?
7.What airspeed do you fly in the landing
pattern?
8. At what altitude do you have to be at the IP?
9.How do you fly the pattern if you get to the IP 10.What do you do if there is another glider on
low?
the runway while you are landing?
11. You loose your airport out of sight what do
you look for to get your position relative to
the airport?
12. If your spoilers are not effective or do not
work, how can you increase your descent
rate?
13. What part of your first solo do you think is
most enjoyable
14. What part of your first solo do you fear
most?
Date:
Initials:
Remarks:
Page: 25
Stage:
11.a.
SOLO FLIGHTS
Objectives
Student performs solo flights (According FAR 61.109 f)
Content / Elements
All Elements from Lesson 1 through 7
Equipment
Glider
Schedule
5 min
30 min
3 min
10 min
Task explanation
Flight
Spot Landing
Debriefing
Student’s Action
Give Student a task to fulfill with a time limit for Perform flight per Instructors task
the endurance of the flight
Perform spot landing
Define area for the spot landing
Fill in self assessment after completion of the
solo flights
Take student back to dual controls after every
5th flight to evaluate. (Use Lesson 10)
Flight /
Lesson
OK?
All required flights for the rating according FAR 61.109 f
Corrections of any new mistakes during the dual flights
Remarks:
Page: 26
SELF-ASSESSMENT
Stage:
11.b.
SOLO FLIGHTS
Objectives
Self Assessment
Self Assessment Questions
1.What was your most positive experience on
your solo flights?
2.What was your most unfavorable experience
on your solo flights?
2.How many landings were within the required
landing zone
3.Did you add new bad habits to your flying
during the solo flights? If yes which?
4.What did you learn during the solo flights,
which your instructor didn’t teach?
5.Was there anything your instructor didn’t
teach, but you felt the need for it during your
solo flights?
6.How long was your longest flight?
7.What was the best (highest climb) in a
thermal during your solo flights?
8.Do you consider yourself a safe pilot? Why?
9.Did you catch yourself not to use a checklist
for your flights?
10. Any comments concerning flight school, equipment flight instructors:
Date:
Remarks:
Initials:
Page: 27
Stage:
12.a.
PREPARATION FOR PRACTICAL TEST
Objectives
Prepare Student for practical test
Content / Elements
All Elements required in Practical Test Standards (PTS) and the previous lessons
Equipment
PTS
Maps
FAR/AIM
Glider
Schedule
60 min Oral Test
30 min Flight
10 min Debriefing
Student’s Action
Evaluate Student and brush up those elements Perform per PTS
with deficiencies
Flight /
Lesson
OK?
Performing according to the Practical Test Standards
Written Exam passed
All paperwork complete for practical exam
Remarks:
Page: 28
Stage:
12.b.
PREPARATION FOR PRACTICAL TEST
Checklist for practical exam
Glider Items:
✔
Airworthiness Certificate
✔
Registration Certificate
✔
Glider Operating Manual & Operating Limitations
✔
Weight and Balance
✔
Glider Airframe Logbook
✔
Annual Inspection Date
Personal Equipment:
✔ Current Aeronautical Charts (Sectional Map)
✔ Flight Computer (E6B)
✔ Plotter for X-country planning
✔ Calculator
✔ Current FAR/AIM
Personal Records:
✔ Student Certificate
✔ Medical Statement
✔ Completed Airman Application Form (signed by Flight Instructor)
✔ Written Test report (passed)
✔ Pilot Logbook complete with all required sign-offs and flights
✔ Practical Test Standards (PTS)
Miscellaneous:
✔ Towpilot, Towplane & Towrope
✔ Ground Handling Equipment
✔ Fee for Examiner
✔ Soaring Handbook and other Lecture Books and Materials
Page: 29
Stage:
13.a. Ground Launch (Auto Tow)
Objectives
Content / Elements
Equipment
Schedule
Student’s Action
Flight /
Lesson
OK?
Remarks:
Page: 30
Refresher Test
Stage:
13.b. Ground Launch (Auto Tow)
Objectives
Test Questions
1. ..
2. ..
A) ..
B) ..
C)..
A) ..
B) ..
C)..
3. ..
4. ..
A) ..
B) ..
C)..
A) ..
B) ..
C)..
5. ..
6. ..
A) ..
B) ..
C)..
A) ..
B) ..
C)..
7. ..
8. ..
A) ..
B) ..
C)..
A) ..
B) ..
C)..
9. ..
10. ..
A) ..
B) ..
C)..
A) ..
B) ..
C)..
11. ..
12. ..
A) ..
B) ..
C)..
A) ..
B) ..
C)..
13. ..
14. ..
A) ..
B) ..
C)..
A) ..
B) ..
C)..
15. ..
16. ..
A) ..
B) ..
C)..
A) ..
B) ..
C)..
Date:
Remarks:
Initials:
Page: 31
Stage:
14.a. Ground Launch (Winch)
Objectives
Mastering safe take-offs on the winch
Understanding and ability to react correctly to emergency situations
Content / Elements
Pre-flight considerations
Take-off procedures
Emergency procedures
Equipment
Glider
Winch
Schedule
30 min Review of take-off process and
emergency procedures
10 min Demonstrated take-off (by
instructor) and flying pattern to
10 min landing (student)
10 min Take-off by student
Debriefing
Student’s Action
Explain take-off process
Explain possible emergencies
Explain emergency procedures
Demonstrate winch take-off
Demonstrate wire break at a safe altitude
Apply the take-off techniques learned
Apply emergency procedures when tested by
the instructor
Flight /
Lesson
OK?
Student demonstrates safe take-offs consistently
Student demonstrates capability to handle a wire break
Remarks:
Page: 32
Refresher Test
Stage:
14.b. Ground Launch (Winch)
Objectives
Understand the different phases of a launch
Understand the emergency procedures
Test Questions
1. Make sure to have the wing runner to attach 2. As the glider accelerates on the winch, I
the wire on the CG hook, because ...
A) .. immediately pull back on the stick as far
A)… this will ensure to reach a better height
as possible
on the launch
B) .. let the glider climb to at least 100ft before I
B)… the hook will release when the glider is
start pulling back on the stick
leveled off and overhead of the winch
C).. gradually and smoothly increase attitude
C)Answers A & B are correct
ensuring that the maximum attitude is
reached above 100ft
3. If one wing is still on the ground and the
4. The first action after a wire break is ...
winch starts pulling for the take-off, I ...
A) .. to push the stick all the way forward to
A) .. proceed with the take-off
regain attitude and speed
B) .. release immediately
B) .. to release what's left of the rope
C).. push the stick forward until I can lift the
C).. pull the airbrakes
wing on my own with the ailerons
5. If the airspeed on tow increases toward
6. If the airspeed is too slow to climb during the
max. tow speed, I can adjust it by ..
initial phase of the takeoff, I ..
A) .. pulling back on the stick
B) .. pushing forward on the stick
C).. using spoilers
7. If I have to pull the release during the
launch, I have to be aware of ..
A) .. the winch at the end of the runway
B) .. the airspeed
C).. the chute that may open up in front of me
and tangle up with the glider
9. For take-offs with a crosswind component,
I ..
A) .. let the glider drift with the crosswind
B) .. keep the glider over the runway
C).. fly the glider into the crosswind
11. As part of the preflight process, I should
ensure that ...
A) .. there are no loose items in the cockpit
B) .. the seat is adjusted correctly
C).. the CG hook mechanism works properly
13. Take-off in a tailwind ..
A) .. will require the winch to pull faster
B) .. shall be avoided and the take-off direction
turned around
C).. can be done with a shallower climb
Date:
Remarks:
A) .. pull back on the stick to increase the
speed
B) .. pull the release and land straight
C).. push on the stick to increase the speed
8. To correct for crosswind I use ..
A) .. ailerons
B) .. rudder
C).. rudder & ailerons
10. The release from tow ...
A) .. happens when I release after leveling off
B) .. happens automatically as the CG hook will
release at a certain angle of the tow wire
C).. will be done by the winch driver
12. If the there is a problem with the release in
the launch process...
A) .. I have to fly an extra short pattern with the
wire attached
B) .. I radio the winch driver to cut the cable
C).. I bail out
14. If the winch has multiple drums, before
take off on the first cable, I ..
A) .. don't have to take special precautions
B) .. pull the other cables out of the path
C).. disconnect the chutes on the other cables
Initials:
Page: 33
Stage:
15.a. Self Launch
Objectives
Understands and applies the sequence of the engine starting procedures
Can taxi the glider safely
Understands and applies the take-off procedures
Understands the emergency procedures
Content / Elements
Pre-flight considerations
Engine starting procedures
Taxiing procedures
Take-off procedures
Engine start in flight
Emergency procedures
Equipment
Glider
Glider Operating Handbook
Schedule
40 min Review of engine starting
procedures, take-off procedures
15 min and emergencies
2 min Take-off
10 min stowing propeller
10 min Engine start in flight
10 min starter/windmilling
Student’s Action
Explain and demonstrate engine starting
procedures
Explain engine and propeller considerations
Explain potential emergencies and their
procedures
Explain and demonstrate engine start in flight
by using starter and windmilling
Apply starting engine on the ground and in the
air
Land with the propeller extended (if ok
according operating handbook)
Flight /
Lesson
OK?
Consistently successful starting of the engine
Remarks:
Page: 34
Refresher Test
Stage:
15.b. Self Launch
Objectives
Starting engine
Take-off
Emergencies
Test Questions
1. Before starting the engine, I ..
A) .. position the glider so that the propeller
wash is going into clear area
B) .. tie down the tail of the glider
C).. feather the propeller
3. On take-off with crosswind, I ..
A) .. takes-off straight and let the glider drift
B) .. keep the wing on the wind side low
C).. crabbing into the wind
5. When taxiing I have to make sure...
A) .. to go fast enough to keep the wings level
B) .. keep the stick all the way back
C).. not to take out any taxi lights
7. During flight, the strategy concerning
landout fields ...
2. Having the engine starting checklist
memorized will help me ...
A) .. so I don't need to use the written checklist
on the ground
B) .. to ignore the unnecessary clutter on the
written checklist
C).. to get the engine started if I need to do it
in a critical situation
4. The altitude to make the turn back to the
runway during an engine failure on take-off ..
A) .. is the same as during aero tow
B) .. is higher than during aero tow
C).. depends on the glider
6. If the battery is to weak to get the engine
started during flight, ...
A) .. I need to land immediately
B) .. I have to wait a few minutes for it to get
recharged
C).. the engine may be started by windmilling if
my altitude is sufficient for that
8. The decision altitude to start the engine
during flight should be ...
A) .. shall be the same as if I fly a glider without A) .. at pattern altitude
engine
B) .. the same as the landing decision for a
B) .. is not needed as I have an engine to get
glider without an engine
me to an airport
C).. higher than the landing decision for a
C).. can be less conservative than without an
glider without an engine
engine
9.
10. ..
A) ..
B) ..
C)..
A) ..
B) ..
C)..
11. ..
12. ..
A) ..
B) ..
C)..
A) ..
B) ..
C)..
Date:
Remarks:
Initials:
Page: 35
Stage:
16.a. Coordinated Flight
Objectives
Coordination exercise for power pilots
Reinforce the stick & rudder coordination
Stabilizing of turns by slight cross coordination (adverse yaw correction)
Content / Elements
S-turns with change of direction of the turns.
Full turns with slight rudder into the turn and
Equipment
Glider
Schedule
10 min
10 min
20 min
10 min
Explanation of exercise
Towing
Maneuvering & Landing
Debriefing
Student’s Action
Explain adverse yaw effect on initiating turns
Fly S-turns fully coordinated throughout the full
Explain adverse yaw effect during turns with
maneuver (yawstring)
steep bank angle (tendency to increase the
Fly turns stable without change in bank angle
bank)
Demonstrate changing turns with series of Sturns
Demonstrate turning with slight rudder into the
turn and holding the bank with slight opposite
aileron
Flight /
Lesson
OK?
Smooth and fully coordinated transition from left turn to right turn (and vice versa) during the Sturns
Stable turns with steep bank angle
Remarks:
Page: 36
Refresher Test
Stage:
16.b. Coordinated Flight
Objectives
Elements of stick & rudder coordination
Test Questions
1. Adverse yaw is...
2. To overcome the adverse yaw, I can ...
A).. is not an issue with gliders as it occurs
only on power planes
B).. the result of different drag on each wing
that is the result of a difference in lifting
force
C) .. is created by thermals
A).. use a little rudder into the turn and hold
against it with some aileron
B).. use a little aileron into the turn and hold
against it with some rudder
C)
… use rudder and aileron against the
turn
3. The adverse yaw effect is more prominent in 4. In steep turns ...
gliders due to ...
A) .. the aileron is used to keep the position of
A) .. their long wingspan
the gliders nose on the horizon
B) .. Steep turns
B) ..the rudder is used to keep the position of
C).. T-tails
the gliders nose on the horizon
C).. both, aileron and rudder are used keep the
position of the gliders nose on the horizon
5. The amount of rudder input needed in a
glider is normally ...
6. In the traffic pattern coordinated flight is
crucial ...
A) .. greater than in a power plane
B) .. less than in a power plane
C).. about the same in a power plane
A) .. because being close to the ground gives
me less of a chance to recover from a stall
B) .. because being close to the ground gives
me less of a chance to recover from a spin
C).. because you don't want to get in the way
of other traffic
7. In a skidding turn I need to correct with
rudder ..
8. In a slipping turn I need to correct with
rudder ..
A) .. opposite to the turn
B) .. into the turn
C).. neutral
A) .. opposite to the turn
B) .. into the turn
C).. neutral
9. In a skidding turn the yawstring ...
10. In a slipping turn the yawstring ...
A) .. points to the opposite of the turn
B) .. points to the inside of the turn
C).. points straight back
A) .. points to the opposite of the turn
B) .. points to the inside of the turn
C).. points straight back
11. A glider can't stall at an airspeed above
maneuvering speed
12. In a steep bank angle ...
A) .. stall speed increases
B) .. stall speed decreases
C).. stall speed is not affected
A) .. True
B) .. False
Date:
Remarks:
Initials:
Page: 37
Stage:
17.a. Flying with Passengers
Objectives
Pleasant and save flying with a passenger
Flying from the back seat
Content / Elements
Passenger briefing
Seating and belting of the passenger
Flying with a passenger
Equipment
Glider
Schedule
20 min Ground Instruction
20 min Flight
10 min Debriefing
Student’s Action
Explain issues of flying from the back seat
Explain how to brief a passenger:
instrumentation, phases of flight, flight
comfort
Explain how to seat and belt a passenger
Explain possible issues with passengers
Sit in the front seat and act as a passenger
Wear a big hat
Demonstrate distractions like constantly
turning the head to either side during tow
Briefs the passenger (flight instructor)
Seats and belts the passenger (flight
instructor)
Directs passenger to
Take-off, towing
Flight /
Lesson
OK?
Demonstrates save operation from the back seat
Can handle distractions and passenger issues
Remarks:
Page: 38
Refresher Test
Stage:
17.b. Flying with Passengers
Objectives
Pleasant and save flying with a passenger
Test Questions
1. For the briefing of a passenger, I ...
A).. let him/her know how good of a pilot I am
B).. use as much glider lingo as possible
C).. inquire about previous experience, fears
and explain the flight accordingly
3. A passenger wearing a large hat ...
A) .. will not be allowed to fly
B) .. shall be asked to take the hat off for takeoff and landing
C).. are no problem for me
5. If a passenger is becoming quiet,
A) he/she enjoys the flight
B) I should ask if he/she is doing ok
C)he/she is asleep
7. When thermaling I tell the passenger to ..
A) .. look out on the horizon ahead of the turn
B) .. look at the instruments
C).. look down to the ground
9. If a passenger wants to bring a camera, I ...
A) .. will not allow it
B) .. will make sure that I'm in the picture
C).. will make sure that it can't tangle up with
the controls
11. A passenger that appears to have had a
few drinks ...
A) .. will enjoy his/her flight even more
B) .. should take along a sick bag
C).. is not allowed to fly with me
13. While in the landing pattern, I ...
A) .. keep quiet
B) .. maintain a sterile cockpit, but call out the
landing checklist items
C).. make disappointed remarks about the
shortness of the flight
Date:
Remarks:
2. For the comfort of the passenger, I ...
A).. emphasize the location of the airsick bag
B).. make sure all the vents are open, fly
shallow turns and emphasize to look out on
the horizon
C).. use good seat cushions
4. If a passenger appears to be tense, I ...
A) .. give him/her a task to look for some
features in the area
B) .. start yelling at him/her
C).. start singing or whistling
6. To make the flight an enjoyable experience,
I ...
A) .. make sure the flight lasts as long as
possible
B) .. impress the passenger with interesting
maneuvers
C).. fly smooth and shallow turns
8. Before I get off tow, I tell the passenger ...
A) .. to tighten the belts
B) .. to expect some noise and explain what's
going to happen next.
C).. nothing, I surprise him/her
10. If a passenger just came from lunch, ..
A) .. I bring a few extra sick bags on the flight
B) .. it is a good thing as the passenger is likely
not dehydrated
C).. I wait at least an hour before I take
him/her up
12. Before entering the pattern I make sure
to ...
A) .. explain the source of the noises to come
(landing gear, spoilers)
B) .. I start chatting about how great a flight this
was
C).. start asking questions to distract the
passenger
14. If the flight didn't last very because I
couldn't find any thermals, I ..
A) .. tell the passenger how sorry I am that it
was so short
B) .. say nothing about the duration, because
the passenger enjoyed it anyway
C).. offer the passenger another flight
Initials:
Page: 39
Stage:
18.a. Preparation for Practical Test (Commercial Pilot)
Objectives
Content / Elements
Equipment
Schedule
Student’s Action
Flight /
Lesson
OK?
Remarks:
Page: 40
Refresher Test
Stage:
18.b. Preparation for Practical Test (Commercial Pilot)
Checklist for practical exam
Glider Items:
✔ Airworthiness Certificate
✔ Registration Certificate
✔ Glider Operating Manual & Operating Limitations
✔ Weight and Balance
✔ Glider Airframe Logbook
✔ Annual Inspection Date
Personal Equipment:
✔ Current Aeronautical Charts (Sectional Map)
✔ Flight Computer (E6B)
✔ Plotter for X-country planning
✔ Calculator
✔ Current FAR/AIM
Personal Records:
✔ Student Certificate
✔ Medical Statement
✔ Completed Airman Application Form (signed by Flight Instructor)
✔ Written Test report (passed)
✔ Pilot Logbook complete with all required sign-offs and flights
✔ Practical Test Standards (PTS)
Miscellaneous:
✔ Towpilot, Towplane & Towrope
✔ Ground Handling Equipment
✔ Fee for Examiner
✔ Soaring Handbook and other Lecture Books and Materials
Page: 41
Stage:
19.a. Flight Review Part I (Oral)
Objectives
Touch on all aspects of the PTS
Content / Elements
- Regulations
- Operational aspects for gliders
Equipment
AIM
Glider Handbook
Operations Manual of the glider to be flown
Schedule
60+ min Oral review
Candidate’s Action
Dialogue with student on all aspects of safe operations of a
gliders including the regulations aspects.
Utilize possible cases to enhance the learning/refreshing effect
during the review
Respond to the instructor’s questions
Ground /
Flight
OK?
Candidate to demonstrate basic knowledge of all aspects in the PTS
Remarks:
Page: 42
Refresher Test
Stage:
19.b. Flight Review Part I (Oral)
Objectives
Refresh all regulatory and operational aspects of operating a glider
Catalog of questions
1. Documents
• Validity of a flight review
• Documentation to be carried during flight
• Glider documentation requirements
2. Regulations
• FAR/AIM
• Part 61
• Part 71, 73
• Part 91
3. Airport Operations
• Runway /Taxiway markings relevant to
glider operations
• Light signals
• Communication
4. Glider operations on the ground
• Moving the gliders to the staging area
• Parking the gliders
• Pre-flight procedures
• Post-flight procedures
5. Launches
• Aero tow
• Ground launches
• Self-launch
6. Landings
• Normal & crosswind landing techniques
• Forward slip / side slip
• Downwind landing
7. Performance Airspeeds
• Wing polar
• Minimum sink / best L/d
• Speed to fly
8. Soaring Techniques
• Thermal soaring
• Ridge soaring
• Wave soaring
9. Navigation
• Flight preparation and planning
• Airspace System
• Requirements for operating in the
different airspaces
• Limitations in the different airspaces
• Special airspaces (TFR etc.)
10. Emergency Procedures
• Decision making process
• Take-off emergencies
• Off-airport landing considerations
• Emergency equipment
11. Medical Facts for Pilots
• Fitness for flight
• Effects of altitude (oxygen requirements)
• Hyperventilation in flight
• Aerobatic flight
12. Weather
• Weather briefing
• Weather forecast (DUATS)
• Weather maps
13. Safety / Hazards
• Collision avoidance (scanning
techniques)
• Mountain flying
• Obstacles
• Airspace considerations
• IMC / flying into clouds
14. Aeronautical Charts
• Sectional chart
◦ Chart symbols
◦ Airspaces
• Airport / Facility Directory
Date:
Initials:
Remarks:
Page: 43
Stage:
20.a. Flight Review Part II (Practical)
Objectives
Determine candidate’s ability to safely operate a glider within the boundaries given by
regulations
Content / Elements
Ground operations
Take-off
Towing
Soaring
Landing Pattern
Landing
Securing the glider
Equipment
Glider
Schedule
10 min Preparation
60 min three take-offs and landings
or
one take-off soaring for at least an
hour
10 min Debriefing
Candidate’s Action
Give a task for the candidate to accomplish the Perform the pre-flight checklists
flight(s)
Fly the tasks as given
If three flights are planned, two could be
planned to pattern altitude
A towrope break exercise at a safe altitude
could be included
Flight /
Lesson
OK?
The candidate demonstrates safe operation of the glider.
The review can be accomplished by either three flights to pattern altitude or a one hour flight.
Remarks:
Page: 44
Self Assessment
Stage:
20.b. Flight Review Part II (Practical)
Objectives
Self Assessment of the pilot after the flight review
Self Assessment Questions
1. What were the areas in the oral part where
you had the most difficulty with?
2. Was there anything new that you learned
today?
3. Is there anything that you will be doing
different in your continued flying?
4. Was safety a concern to you for today's
flying?
5. What goals have you set yourself for your
flying career?
6. Have you achieved any badges?
If not, have you considered trying to achieve
any?
7. Was there anything that you found that you
should have done better during the today's
flight(s)?
8. Was there anything that the instructor
critiqued during today's flights?
Date:
Remarks:
Initials:
Page: 45
Endorsements
Note: Each endorsement must include the current date, flight instructor’s name, instructor number, and
expiration date. All entries must be legible and should quote the applicable FARs. The instructor must
maintain either in his/her logbook or elsewhere a record of each endorsement for solo flight and the name of
each person that instructor has endorsed for a knowledge test or practical test (type of test and results) for a
minimum of three years (FAR 61.189(b)). Refer to AC 61-65 for additional information.
Logbook Entries - Ground Training: Often overlooked, ground training must be logged along with the required
flight training before solo and for Pvt./Comm./CFIG Certificates.
STUDENT PILOT
Aeronautical Knowledge – FAR 61.87(b)
I certify that _____________ has satisfactorily completed a pre-solo written examination as required by FAR
61.87(b) demonstrating knowledge of the portions of FAR Part 61 and Part 91 applicable to student pilots,
airspace rules and procedures, and the flight characteristics and operational limitations for a (Glider Type), and
that I have reviewed all incorrect answers with him/her.
Pre-Solo Flight Training – FARs 61.31(j) and §61.87 (c)
(Aerotow)
I certify that ___________ has received the instruction required by FAR 61.31(j) and FAR 61.87(c) and (i) in a
(Glider Type) and that he/she has satisfactorily accomplished ground and flight training in aerotow procedures
and operations and proficiency therein, has demonstrated proficiency in the applicable maneuvers and
procedures included in FAR 61.87(i), and has demonstrated adequate knowledge of flight rules listed in FAR
Part 91 and is competent to make safe solo flights in that glider; provided that each such flight is carried out
when the surface wind (steady or gusting) does not exceed ___ kts and the crosswind component does not
exceed ___ kts. This approval is valid for the ___ days immediately following this endorsement and provided
such flights are conducted entirely within gliding range of the takeoff point.
Note: Ground and Self-Launch endorsement samples are found in the “Additional Endorsements” section of
this publication.
90 Day Proficiency – FAR 61.87(l)
I certify that __________ has received the instruction required by FAR 61.87 and he/she has met the
requirements of FAR 61.87(c) and (i) for solo flight and is competent to make safe solo flights in a (
Glider
Type ).
Note: CFIG may add limits such as weather conditions and expiration of endorsement.
PRIVATE PILOT
Aeronautical Knowledge – FAR 61.35(a) and FAR 61.105(b)
I certify that _______ has accomplished [ground training] [a home study course] as required by FAR 61.35
for the private glider certificate and is prepared for the knowledge test.
Flight Proficiency – FAR 61.107
I certify that _______ has received the flight instruction required by FAR 61.107(b) and find him/her competent
to perform each pilot operation to the standard of a private pilot glider.
Practical Test – FAR 61.39(a)
I certify that _______ has received the required flight instruction in preparation for a private pilot glider practical
test within the preceding 60 days and additional instruction in the subject areas in which he/she was shown to
be deficient in his knowledge test and find him competent to pass the test.
COMMERCIAL PILOT
Aeronautical Knowledge – FAR 61.35(a) and FAR 61.125(b)
I certify that _______ has accomplished [ground training][a home study course] as required by FAR 61.35 for
the commercial glider certificate and is prepared for the knowledge test.
I certify that _______ has received the flight instruction required by FAR 61.127(b) and find him/her competent
to perform each pilot operation to the standard of a commercial pilot glider.
Page: 46
Practical Test – FAR 61.39(a)
I certify that _______ has received the required flight instruction in preparation for a commercial pilot glider
practical test within the preceding 60 days and additional instruction in the subject areas in which he/she was
shown to be deficient in his knowledge test and find him competent to pass the test.
FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR
Aeronautical Knowledge – FAR 61.185(a)
I certify that ________________ has accomplished the ground training required by FAR 61.185(a) in
preparation for the flight instructor glider rating.
I certify that ______________ has received the flight instruction required by
FAR 61.187(b) and find him/her competent to the standard required for a flight instructor glider rating.
Spin Training – FAR 61.183(i)
I certify that _____________ has received flight instruction in spin entry, spins, and spin recovery techniques
and he/she has demonstrated competency in these maneuvers to the standard required for a flight instructor
glider rating.
ADDITIONAL ENDORSEMENTS
“THE TRANSITION PILOT”
Glider Category Additional Rating Endorsement to act as Pilot in Command during Solo Operations –
FAR 61.31(d)(2)
I certify that _______ has received flight instruction in the pilot operations required for first solo in a (Glider
Type) and find him/her competent to solo that glider.
Note there is no time limit in FAR 61.31(d)(2), which also clearly states that this pilot “must - be receiving
training for the purpose of obtaining an additional pilot certificate and rating that are appropriate to that aircraft
and be under the supervision of an authorized instructor.”
Glider Category Additional Rating Practical Test – FAR 61.63
I certify that _______ has received the instruction required by FAR 61.63 and find him/her competent to pass
the [private][commercial] practical test for the addition of a glider rating.
Retesting after Failure of a Knowledge or Practical Test – FAR 61.49
I certify that _______ has received additional [ground][flight] instruction and find him/her competent to pass the
[type] test.
Flight Review – FAR 61.56
I certify that __________, holder of pilot certificate number _______ has satisfactorily completed the flight
review required by FAR 61.56 on [Date].
Note: The CFIG may also describe how this was accomplished in a glider, per the requirements of FAR 61.56
(b)
Endorsement for Aerotow Launch
I certify that __________, has received and satisfactorily accomplished ground and flight training required by
FAR 61.31(j)(1)(ii) and find him/her proficient in aerotow procedures and operations.
Endorsement for Ground-Tow Launch
I certify that __________, has received and satisfactorily accomplished ground and flight training required by
FAR 61.31(j)(1)(i) and find him/her proficient in ground-tow launch procedures and operations.
Endorsement for Self-Launch
I certify that __________ , has received and satisfactorily accomplished ground and flight training required by
FAR 61.31(j)(1)(iii) and find him/her proficient in self-launch procedures and operations.
Page: 47
Checklists:
Before Take-off
Before Landing
A
B
C
C
C
D
E
F
U
S
T
A
L
L
Altimeter
Belts
Canopy
Controls
Cable
Direction of Wind
Emergency Plan
Flaps (if applicable)
Undercarriage
Speed
Trim
Airbrakes
Lookout
Land
Page: 48

Lesson Plan for Private Pilot Glider

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