Maize Mission Progress 2069
Transcription
Maize Mission Progress 2069
cleofgd'lv ds}÷e6\ \df; pTkfbg sfo{qmd aflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)^( e6df; e"ldsf ds} g]kfndf k/Dk/fut ?kdf v]tL ul/+b} cfPsf] Ps k|d'v vfBfGg afnL xf] . jt{dfg kl/k|]Iodf ds} Ps ax'pkof]uL / cf}Bf]lus afnLsf] ?kdf ljsf; e} /x]sf] 5 . s[lif gLlt @)^! / s[lif Joj;fo k|j4{g gLlt, @)^# n] lglb{i6 u/]sf p2]ZonfO{ xfl;n u/L cfoft k|lt:yfkg ub}{ :jb]zdf cjl:yt s[lifhGo pBf]ux?nfO{ :jb]zd} u'0f:t/Lo sRrf kbfy{ pTkfbg u/L cfk"lt{ ug{ o; sfo{qmdn] ;3fp k'¥ofpg] 5 . ds}n] 9fs]sf] If]qkmn dWo] sl/a &)Ü ds} g]kfnsf] kxf8L If]qdf jiff{ofddf cl;+lrt afnLsf] ?kdf v]tL ul/G5 eg] t/fO{, leqL dw]z, pkTosf tyf r"/]efj/ If]qx?df lxpFb] tyf j;Gt Ct'x?df l;+lrt afnLsf] ?kdf nufpg] k|rng /x]sf] 5 . pkof]u / cGo dxTjsf] b[li6sf]0fn] ds} afnL kxf8L If]qdf vfBfGg tyf kz' cfxf/f tyf t/fO{df vfBfGg,kz' cfxf/f / bfgf pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]ux?nfO{ d'Vo sRrf kbfy{ pknAw u/fpg] k|d'v cf}Bf]lus afnLsf] ?kdf ljBdfg 5 . ds}df /x]sf] tTjx?sf] lain]if0f ubf{ lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf] kfO{G5 . Dry Matter : 89 .6 % Digestable Energy : 3118-3326 Kcal /Kg Crude Protein : 8.5 % Ether Extract : 6.7 % Crude fiber : 3.9 % Ash :3% cGt//fli6«o ?kdf ds}sf] pkef]u a[xt\ x'Fb} uO{ lxhf]cfh ds}af6 ljleGg k|sf/sf] k|zf]lwt vfB ;fdu|Lx?, ds}sf] t]n, tyf Oyfgf]n h:tf] h}ljs OGwg agfpg ;d]t o;sf] k|of]u a9\b} uO{ /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df kxf8L If]q hxfF vfB ;'/Iffsf] l:ylt sfod} /x]sf] 5, To:tf If]qx?df ds} afnLnfO{ vfB ;'/Iffsf nflu / t/fO{ tyf leqL dw]zsf ;'ud If]qx?df kz'kfng / s'v'/f pTkfbg sfo{ Joj;foLs/0f e};s]sf]n] To:tf 7fpFx?df ds}nfO{ Ps cf}Bf]lus gub] afnLsf] ?kdf ljsf; / k|rf/–k|;f/ ub}{ n}hfg' cfhsf] cfjZostf / dfu xf] . s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno -cf=j= @)^*.^(_ sf] tYofÍ cg';f/ g]kfndf s"n *&!#*& x] If]qkmndf ds}sf] v]tL ul/G5 eg] o;sf] pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj qmdzM @!&($!$ d]=6g / @%)! ls=u|f= k|lt x]= /x]sf] 5 ->f]t, s[lif ljsf; dGqfno_ . laut ltg aif{df g]kfndf ds}afnLsf] If]qkmn,pTkfbg / pTkfbsTjsf] cj:yf lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf] 5 . If]qkmn x],pTkfbg d]=6g,pTkfbsTj s]=hL k|lt x]_ cf=j @)^*÷^( If]qkmn pTkfbg cf=j @)^&÷^* pTkfbsTj If]qkmn *&!#*& @!&($!$ @%)! pTkfbg cf=j @)^^÷^& pTkfbsTj If]qkmn ()^@%# @)^&%@@ @@*! pTkfbsTj *&%^^) !*%%!*$ @!!( >f]tM s[lif ljsf; dGqfno, s[lif Aofj;fo k|j{4g tyf tYofª\s dxfzfvf, l;+xb/jf/ 1 pTkfbg g]kfndf bfgf pBf]u ;+3sf] Ps tYofÍ cg';f/ xfn g]kfnsf] ljleGg If]qx?df !!$ bfgf pBf]u ;+3df cfj4 e} ;+rfng e} /x]sf]df oL pBf]ux?n] aflif{s sl/a &%%@&* d]=6g bfgf pTkfbg u/L /x]sf 5g . h'g g]kfnsf] bfgf dfusf] cg'kftdf ^%Ü x'g hfG5 . kz' tyf s'v'/fsf] bfgfdf ds}sf] dfqf $) b]lv %) k|ltzt ;Dd /xG5 eg] e6df;sf] d:of}/f (Soyabean Cake) sf] dfqf sl/j !!Ü /x]sf] x'G5 . h; cg';f/ g]kfndf ;+rfng e}/x]sf] bfgf pBf]ux?sf] nflu sl/a $)),))) d]=6g ds} / !@),))) d]=6g e6df; cfjZos kb{5 . dxTjk"0f{ laifo s] 5 eg] bfgf pTkfbgsf] nflu xfn ;Dd ds} afnLsf] cGo s'g} lasNk 5}g . g]kfn bfgf pBf]u ;+3sf] tYofÍ cg';f/ cf= a @)^*.^( df bfgf pBf]ux?n] sl/a #,(@,&$$ d]=6g ds} vkt u/]sf]df sl/a @,!^,))( d]=6 -%% Ü_ lab]zaf6 cfoft e} sl/a ?= $ ca{ @% s/f]8 a/fa/sf] /sd lab]lzPsf] cj:yf 5 eg] afFsL ds} g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s pTkfbgaf6 cfk"lt{ ePsf] cj:yf 5 . g]kfndf kz'hGo pTkfbgx? df;', c08f / b"wsf] pkef]usf] aflif{s a[l4b/ qmdzM #Ü, #Ü / #=%Ü n] a9L/x]sf] ;Gbe{df kz'klG5 kfng tyf ;f]xL cg';f/ bfgf pBf]ux? ;d]t a9\b} hfFbf ds}, e6df; h:tf sRrf kbfy{x?sf] cfjZostf a9\b} hfg] cjZoDefjL 5 . t;y{, bfgf pBf]ux?nfO{ cfjZos kg]{ ds} :yfgLo :t/df g} pTkfbg tyf ahf/ Joj:yf ldnfpg ds}, e6df; pTkfbg cleofg ljz]if sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug'{ clt cfjZos ePsf]n] ;f] sfo{s|dnfO{ k|efjsf/L ?kdf ;~rfng ug{ @)^$ ;fndf ds} e6df; pTkfbg cleofg ljz]if sfo{s|d sfo{s|d sfof{Gjog lgb{]lzsf, @)^$ lgdf{0f ul/ ( j6f lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{nox? dfkm{t of] sfo{qmd ;+rfngdf /x]sf] 5 . 2 sfo{qmdsf] z'?jft b]lv xfn;Dd xfn;Dd sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogsf] ljj/0f l;=g+ sfo{qmd nfu' ePsf lhNnfx? If]qkmn != ;'g;/L @= cf=a @)^$.^% @)^%.^^ @)^^.^& @)^&.^* @)^*.^( x]= #)) !))) !@)) !@)) !@)) af/f x]= %)) !))) !@)) !@)) !@)) #= /f}tx6 x]= #)) !))) !#)) !#)) !#)) $= ;nf{xL x]= %)) !))) !@)) !@)) !@)) %= lrtjg x]= #)) $)) $)) ^)) ^)) ^= sfe|] x]= !%) %)) %)) ^)) ^)) &= gjnk/f;L x]= – ^)) ^)) &)) &)) *= ?kGb]xL x]= – $)) $)) %)) %)) (= bfË x]= – – – #)) %)) @)%) ^))) &))) &()) *!)) hDdf cf=j @)^$÷^% df ^ j6f lhNnfdf @)%) x]= If]qkmnaf6 z'? ul/Psf] of] sfo{qmd xfn ( j6f lhNnfdf *!)) x]= If]qkmndf la:Tff/ ePsf] 5 . cf=j @)^*÷^( sf] tYofFs cg';f/ o; sfo{qmdtkm{ k|lt x]S6/ &=^ k|ltzt pTkfbsTjsf] b/n] aflif{s sl/a ^! xhf/ d]=6g ds} pTkfbg ePsf] cj:yf 5 . pTkflbt ds} dWo] sl/a *) k|ltzt ds} bfgf pBf]ux?df vkt e} /x]sf] b]lvG5 . o;/L g]kfndf pTkflbt ds}af6 bfgf pBf]ux?sf] dfusf] sl/j %) k|ltzt cfk'tL{ e} /x]sf] cj:yf 5 . o; sfo{qmddf dfq ( lhNNffsf #$) s[ifs ;d'xsf] cfj4tf /x]sf] 5 eg] !!))) 3/w'/L s[ifs nfeflGjt ePsf 5g . 3 cf=j @)^*.^( df cleofgd'lv ds}, e6df; pTkfbg sfo{qmd lgDgfg';f/ ;+rfng ePsf] 5 . 4 cleofgd'lv sfo{qmd cGtu cGtut{ lhNnfx?sf] lhNnfx?sf] sfo{qmd ;+rfng tyf k|ultsf] ltsf] cj:yf lhNnf M ;'g;/L lhNnfdf ds} afnLn] 9fs]sf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj l:ylt cf=j cf=j= @)^*÷^( Dfs} afnL afnLn] pTkfbsTj hDdf pTkfbg s}lkmot 9fs]sf] If]=km= -x]_ -d]=6 k|lt x]_ -d]=6_ pGgt tyf :yflgo !%&) #=$% %$!# xfO{la|8 ^@&% &=) $#(*@% hDdf &*$% ^=@* $(,##* cleofgd'vL ds} pTkfbg sfo{s|dsf] xfn ;Ddsf] pTkfbg tyf vkt laj/0f pTkfbsTj pTkfbg bfgfdf las|L s|=;+= cf=j= If]qkmn x]= b/ k|lt d]=6-?=_ hDdf d'No -?_ s}lkmot - d]=6 k|lt x]=_ -d]=6g_ -d]=6g_ 1 2064/65 300 4.5 1350 1080 12000 12,960,000 2 2065/66 1000 5.2 5200 4160 14000 58,240,000 3 2066/67 1208 6.5 7852 6281.6 15000 94,224,000 4 2067/68 1462 7.08 10351 8280.8 17000 140,773,056 5 2068/69 1365 7 9555 7644 18000 137,592,000 hDdf 34308 27446 cg'dflgt 443,789,056 Gff]6M pTkfbgsf] @) k|ltzt 3/fo;L k|of]hg tyf xl/of] 3f]ufdf k|of]u x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] . ;'g;/L lhNnfdf bfgfsf] nfuL ds}sf] cfj:ostf • b}lgs ?kdf bfgf pTkfbg ug]{ pBf]u – ! d'Vo ?kdf • s'n jflif{s ds}sf] cfjZoQmf – %$,))) 6g • cfoft e} cfpg] ds}sf] kl/df0f – !$,%)) 6g cleofgd'vL ds} pTkfbg sfo{s|daf6 o; jif{ cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;sLg] – !$=!% k|ltzt cleofgd'vL ds} pTkfbg sfo{s|d ;+rfngsf] fngsf] cj:yf != s[lif ;]jfs]Gb| M #, @= uf=la=;= M !% j6f M !! j6f %= cg'bfgdf ds} ljt/0f M @& d]=6g #= s[ifs ;d"x ;+Vof M #& j6f 5 $= ;xsf/L ;+Vof aLp cf=j=df ds}sf] If]qkmn -x]=_ 600 500 cf=j=2066.067 400 cf=j= 2067.068 300 cf=j= 2068.069 200 100 0 k|sf;k'/,sKtfguFh,dx]Gb|gu/ nufotsf uf=la=;x? o; sfo{qmdsf d'Vo ks]6 If]qx? x'g . sfo{qmddf k|of]u ePsf hftx?M l8s];L ()*!, l6;Ll6 (^(^,;' ;'k/ ()) Pd Pd, cn/fp08/, #) lj !! cleofgd'vL ds}÷e6\ df; pTkfbg sfo{qmdsf cg'ejx? e6\df; jLpsf] u'0f:t/ / ljZj;lgotf ;lgotf MM– :yfgLo Pu|f]e]6x?df e/kg'{kg]{ afWotf Spring season df nufPsf] ds} Rainy season df harvest x'+bf ds}df lr:ofg al9 x'g] sf/0fn] l56f] s'lxg] tyf e08f/0f ug{ g;lsg] . pTkfbg kZrft\ s[ifsx?n] Ps} :yfgdf ;+sng ul/ ;fd'lxs ?kdf 7"nf] nf] kl/df0fdf las|L lat/0f ug{ g;s]sf] . Pp6f Ansdf Pp6f ;+sng tyf y|]l;Ë :yn tof/ ul/ Dryer/Corn shelling mechine /fVg ;lsg] . ds} afnL;+u cGo Go afnL cGt/ afnLsf] ?kdf nufpFbf Land use efficiency a9fpg] t/ xfO{la|8 ds};+u cGo afnL nufpg] k|lalwsf] la:tf/ ug{ cfj:os cfj:os,cGt/afnL cGt/afnL k|lalw nfO{ Mechanized ug{ cfj:os . ds} pTkfbgdf s/f/ ;Demf}tf x'g g;s]sf], Gofof]lrt ?kdf ds}sf] d'No lgwf{/0f x'g g;Sg', ds} pTkfbs s[ifs tyf pwf]uL ljr k|efjsf/L ;dGjo aGg g;Sg' . lhNnf M lrtjg ds}—wfg kl5sf] bf]>f] d'Vo vfBfGg afnL xf] . If]qkmn / pTkfbgsf lxf;fan] klg bf]>f] :yfgdf /x]sf] 5 . ds}n] s'n u|fx:y pTkfbgdf #=!%% / s'n s[lif u|fx:y pTkfbgdf (=%% of]ubfg ub{5 eg] s'n 6 vfBfGg pTkfbgdf $#=%% of]ubfg /x]sf] 5 . hnafo" kl/jt{g ;Fu ;lhn} adjust ug{ ;Sg] afnL ePsf] tyf kz'hGo k|f]l6gsf] cfk'tL{sf] nflu bfgfsf] cfwf/e't sRrf kbf{ysf] ?kdf /x]sf] x'Fbf eljiosf] ;Defjgf af]s]sf] afnL kgL xf] . ds} pTkfbg / s'v'/f Jof Jofj:ffo;F j:ffo;Fu cGt{;DjGw c08f pTkfbgsf] *) / a|f]O{n/ pTkfbgsf] ^% k|ltzt nfut bfgfdf vr{ x'g hfG5 s'v'/fsf] bfgfdf $)—%) k|ltzt efu ds}sf] k|of]u x'G5 sl/a $)—$% k|ltzt cfot -ef/taf6_ x'g] u/]sf] 5 bfgf pBf]ux?sf] :f+Vofdf a[l4 lrtjg lhNnfdf dfq :fg\ @))) df !* j6f bfgf pBf]u /x]sf]df ;g @)!@ df $^ j6f bfgf pBf]u /x]sf 5g . cleofgd'lv ds} pTkfbg sfo{qmdsf pb]Zox? cfoft k|lt:yfkg / lgof{t k|a4{g, Joj:fflos ds} pTkfbg u/L bfgf pBf]ux?nfO{ :jb]zd} sRrf kbfy{x?sf] cfk'lt{ :f'lglZrt / :f'b[9 ug{',pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj a[l4 ug'{,pTkfbg :ffdfu|Lsf] cfk'lt{ -aLp_, s/f/ v]ltnfO{ a9jf, ahf/ Joj:yfkg lrtjg lhNnfdf ds}sf] pTkfbgsf] cj:yf -@)^&.^*_ afnL If]qkmn pTkfbg pTkfbsTj aif]{ ds} !),))) #),))) #=) ds} lxpb] %,))) @),))) $=) ds} j;Gt] !$,^)) $^,&@) #=@ xfO{a|L8 @^,$)) *=) #,#)) 7 cleofgd'vL ds} pTkfbg sfo{s|dsf] xfn :f;Ddsf] If]qkmn tyf pTkfbg laj/0f cf=j= If]qkmn pTkfbsTj pTkfbg s}kmLot -d]=6g x]=_ -d]=6g_ )^$.^% #!) $=@ !#)( )^%.^^ $)& &=) @*$( )^^.^& $!@ *=) #@(^ )^&.^* ^)) *=) $*)) )^*.^( ^)) *=) $*)) cg'dflgt cleofgd'vL ds} pTkfbg tyf vkt vktsf] sf] cj:yf cf=j= bfgfdf las|L b/ hDdf d'No -d]=6g_ -?_ -?_ )^$.^% !)$& !@ !,@%,^^,*)) )^%.^^ @@&( !$ #,!(,)*,*)) )^^.^& @^#^ !( %,)),((,@)) )^&.^* $%)) !( *,%%,)),))) )^*.^( $^)) s}kmLot !(=% *,(&,)),))) cg'‘dflgt cleofgd'vL ds} pTkfbg tyf bfgfsf] nflu of]ubfg bfgf vkt 800000 600000 400000 433672 500535 269612 200000 0 8 581132 646845 755278 bfgf vktdf lrtjgsf] of]ubfg cf j bfgf pTkfbg ds} vkt -d] 6_ -d] 6_ lrtjgsf] of]ubfg -d] 6_ k|ltzt 2067/68 686845 355764.75 4500 1.264881 2068/69 755278 415402.9 4600 1.107359 ds} pTkfbg ug]{ If]q tyf ;d'x s[lif :f]jf s]Gb| :fd'x If]qkmn ;+nUg dlxnf k'?if :f+Vof -x]=_ s[ifs f;+Vof df8L 4 50 125 45 80 u'~hgu/ 11 250 482 256 226 /Tggu/ 9 125 279 137 142 v}/xgL 7 175 400 234 166 hDdf 31 600 1286 672 614 lrtjg lhNnfdf d]h ldzgsf nfuL k|of]u ul/Psf hftx? hft sDkgL pTkfbsTj h'uf cfpg nfUg] ;do lbg l;flk *)* l:flk *=$% !@* /fhs'df/ afof] l:f8 *=@# !!( l8s]l:f()*! df]G:ffG6f] &=($ !@^ cn/fp08/ ,, *=)# !@^ afof] (^*! afof] l:f8 *=% !@) l:f!(@! h'jf/L %=!# !@& #)la!! kfof]lgo/ !)=%% !#) :f"k/())Pd df]G:ffG6f] ^=(* !@% %=)* !!( /fdk'/ sDkf]lh6 sfo{qmd ;+rfngdf b]vf k/]sf :fd:ofx? k|fljlws • k|fljlwsx?nfO{ xfO{la|8 ds}sf] af/]df 1fg sd ePsf]n] o;sf] v]tL af/]df l;kmfl/z ug{ s7LgfO{ • ds} /f]Kg] pko'Qm vfnsf] pks/0fsf] cefjsf] sf/0f nfOgdf ds} nufpg sl7gfO{ ePsf] . 9 Ef08f/0f, :fdfu|Lsf] cefj -Moisture meter_ Joj:yfkl Joj:yfklso != ds} ;+sngdf s7LgfO{ @= ds} pTkfbgdf s/f/ ;Demf}tf x'g g;s]sf] #= ds}sf] d'No lgwf{/0f x'g g;s]sf] $= lJft/0f k|s[of %= 3f]ufdf k|of]u ug]{ k|rng ;dfwfgsf pkfox? k|fljlws • :yfgLo xfjfkfgL tyf l;hg cg';f/ s'g hft nufpg pko'Qm x'G5 To; af/]df s[ifsx?nfO{ ;Nnfx lbg gfs{åf/f kl/If0f sfo{qmd cem k|efjsf/L ?Kfn] ;+rfng u/L k|;f/nfO{ hfgsf/L lbg'kg]{ . • pko'Qm vfnsf] /f]Kg] d]zLgsf] af/]df k|bz{g u/fpg' kg]{ . Joj:yfksLo • ## k|ltzt jLpsf] d'Nodf ;x'lnot x'+bf s[ifsx?sf] ;xefuLtf /fd|f] b]lvPsf] 5 . lhNnfsf] ;+efJotf cg';f/ cfufdL jif{ b]lv sfo{qmd ;+rfngsf] nflu If]qkmn a9fpg' kg]{ . • sfo{qmdnfO{ k|efjsf/L ?kdf ;+rfng ug{ s'g s'g k|;f/ tl/sf cfjZos k5{, lhNnfnfO{ sfo{qmddf k|:tfj ug{ nufpg] . • jhf/Ls/0f tyf Joj:yfkg ;xh u/fpgsf nflu s[ifs ;Ghfn tof/ ug{' kg]{ • lhNnf :t/Lo tYofÍ ck8]6 ug{' kg]{ . lhNnf M af/f cleofgd'lv ds} ds}+ sfo{qmdsf] k|ult ljj/0f qm=;= sfo{qmd ljj/0f OsfO{ aflif{s nIo xfn ;Ddsf] k|ult ! pGgt xfO{la|8ds}+ aLpdf ##Ü cg'bfg -?= @)). k|lt lsnf]_ d]=6g= @^ !)=%@ @ ds}+ 5f]8fpg] d]lzg -sg{;]n/_ %)Ü cg'bfg ;= ! ! # cfs:dLs afnL ;+/If0f ;xof]u x]= cf=c= cf=c= $ %)Ü cg'bfgdf :k|]o/ ljt/0f ;+ $) $) % %)Ü cg'bfgdf lqkfn ljt/0f ;+ %) %) 10 s}lkmot rfn' $ ^ s[ifs:t/ k|fljlws tflnd ;+ !@ !@ & cGt/lhNnf s[ifs e|d0f k6s ! ! * ;xefuL s[ifs bfgf pBf]u ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] lh=:t/ uf]i7L ;+= ! ! ( ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] ;dGjo a}+7s ;+= @ @ !) qmksl6Fu ;+= @) !) !! ds}+ pTkfbg vkt, ljqmL cWoog ;+= ! !@ l;lrt If]qdf ds}+df Plss[t afnL Joj:yfkg ;DalGw s[ifs kf7zfnf ;+~rfng ;+= ! ! !# pTs[i6 s[ifs ;d"xnfO{ k'/:s[t ug]{ k6s ! ! !$ jflif{s k|ltj]bg tof/L k6s ! ! tyf cGo 11 cleofgd'lv ds}+, pTkfbg pTkfbg sfo{qmd cGtu{t aLp ljt/0f qm=;= aLp lat/0f l8=s]=;L= 6lksn lj:sf] ul/Psf If]qx? ()*! (^(^ ($) cln{ @ ;L= cn/fpG8/ s}lkmot !(@! != bf]x/L $@) @(*=% !)) @= al/of/k'/ *^* ^&@ # dx]Gb|cfb{z $$* $= l;d/f %^ %= sf]NjL !@ ^= k|;f}gL &= l;df}gu9 *= lghu+9 (= sfof{no !)) @%)(=% hDdf s]=hL @@)* #*$) @($ %) @)) #@) @*) (%) #)) @)) @% !%) $) !)) #)$ @$) &)) **^ !#@% %@) !%) @$*) !)%#@ cleofgd'lv ds}+ sfo{ sfo{qmdsf] pknAwL o; cf=j=sf] nIo cg';f/ k|utL k'Ug] ;Dejgf gb]lvP klg ^) j6f s[ifs ;d"x dfkm{t %@% x]= sf] nflu !)=% d]=6g= xfO{la|8 hftsf aLp ##Ü cg'bfgdf tyf ljiffbLx? pknAw u/fO{Psf] / tflnd, uf]i7L, e|d0f, k|ltof]lutf sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/ lhNnfsf] ds}+ pTkfbgdf yk #(#&=%d]6g=-&=% d]=6g x]S6/_ a[l4 ePsf] / xfnsf] ahf/efp k|lt d] 6g !^))) sf b/n] ^,#),)),))). /sdaf6 s[ifssf] cfo:t/df a[l4sf ;fy} bfgf pBf]ux?nfO{ ;d]t ;3fp k'u]sf] 5 . ;d:of / ;'emfj ;d:of ;'emfj sfo{s|d bf];|f] rf}dfl;sdf /x]sf] tyf 6]08/ b'O{ k6s ug{' k/]sf] k|yd rf}dfl;sdf sfo{s|d /fVg' kg]{ ld;g ds}+ sfo{qmdsf] nlIft If]qkmn lhNnf leq nufOg] ds}+ afnL If]qkmnsf] !)Ü dfq /x]sf] . Joj;foLs ds} v]tL ug]{ s[ifssf] dfu / cfjZostfnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL sfo{qmddf a[l4 P+j Scale-up x'g'kg]{ . pTkfbg / Jofkf/Lsf] ;dGjosf] sdL . pTkfbsn] pTkfbgsf] plrt d"No kfpg] pTkfbs / Jofkf/Lsf] k"j{ Linkage x'g'kg]{ . s]xL 7fFpdf x]nLsf]e/kf b]vf k/]sf] . lgoGq0fsf gofF k|ljlw af/] hfgsf/L x'g'kg]{ . s]lx 7fFpdf ;'lrs[t gePsf hftdf kmf6 k'm6 bfgf gnfu]sf] . /fli6«o ds}+ cg';Gwfg s]Gb|af6 l;kmfl/; hftsf] aLha[l4 u/fO{ aLp pknAw x'g'kg]{] . 12 lhNnf M sfe|] Kf[i7e'ld s[lif gLlt, @)^! Tfyf s[lif Aofa;fo k|a4{g gLlt, @)^# n] cfoft k|lt:yfkg ub}{ s[lifhGo pBf]ux?nfO{ :jb]zdf g} sRrf kbf{y pTkfbg ul/ cfk'tL{ ug]{ b[li6sf]0f /fv]sf] 5 . ;f]xL cg'?k o; lhNnfdf cleofgd'lv ds},e6df; pTkfbg sfo{qmd @)^$.^% b]lv z'? ul/ klxnf] jif{ !%) x]= @)^%.^^ df $)) x]= @)^^.^& df %)) x]= @)^&.^* df ^)) x]= / @)^*.^( df ^)) ul/ hDdf @@%) x]=df ds} / e6df; v]tL u/L If]qkmn lj:tf/ ul/Psf] 5 . p2]Zox? Dfs} tyf e6df;sf] pTkfbg, pTkfbsTj clea[l4, Dfs} pTkfbs s[ifs ;d'xx?sf] ;+hfnsf] ;xsf/Ls/0f, aLp -pGgt tyf Hybred_, dnvfb, l;+rfO{ cflbsf] ;'lglZrttf,pTkflbt ds}sf] ahf/ Aoj:yfsf] ;'lglZrttf, ;/f]sf/jfnfx? aLrsf] cGt/ ;DaGwsf] ;'b[9Ls/0f o; lhNnfdf ljtl/t hftx? • • • • >L/fd jfof]l;8 (^*!– %$%) s]hL /fhs'df/ –$%–$#&) s]hL uf]bfj/L (*(–#(%) s]hL b]ptL -pGgt_–!!)* s]hL, l8=s]=l;= &)&$–$&@ s]hL hDdf nIf !@ d]=6g ljtl/t !%=^ d]=6g o; jif{ sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/Psf uf=lj; x? pu|rl08gfnf, 6's'rfgfnf, sfe|], kfTn]v]t, km"njf/L,jfn'jf, zf/bfjtf;], w'nLv]n g=kf=, d]yLgsf]6, z+v', kFfrvfn, bf]nfn3f6, xf]S;], e'Dn'6f/, kf]v/Lrf}/L, sflQs]b]p/fnL, kgf}tL g=kf= . cf=j= )^*÷^( df ds} pTkfbg tyf bfgf pBf]udf cfk'tL{ cj:yf d]hld;gsf] If]qkmn x]= d]hld;gsf] pTkfbg -d]=6_ d]hld;gsf] pTkfbsTj d]=6g_ 600 3120 5.2 - d]hld;g ds} bfgf pBf]unfO{ ljqmL -d]=6g_ d]hld;g ds} vfBfGgdf k|of]u -d]=6g_ ef/tjf6 cfofltt ds} -d]=6g_ 1500 1620 15.0 r'gf}tL tyf ;'emfjx? • aLpsf] c;dfg u'0f:t/ • o; jif{ jiff{ sd ePsfn] pTkfbg sd x'g ;Sg] ;Defjgf /x]sf] . • nIf sd ePsfn] dfu cg';f/ aLp pknJw u/fpg g;lsPsf] 13 lhNnf M?kGb]xL rfn' cf=j=sf] sfo{ k|ult ?kGb]xL lhNnfdf xfn;Dd ;+rflnt cleofgd'vL ds}]sf] If]qkmn / pTkfbg l:ylt M cf=j= hflto ljj/0f If]qkmn -x]=_ pTkfbg -d]=6g _ pTkfbsTj -d]=6g k|= x]=_ )^*.^( xfOla|8 tyf pGgt hftx? %)) #%)) &=) )^&.^* xfOla|8 tyf pGgt hftx? %)) #&)) &=$ )^^.^& xfOla|8 tyf pGgt hftx? $)) @^)) ^=% )^%.^^ xfOla|8 tyf pGgt hftx? #^$ !^#( $=% Dfs} aLp cfk"lt{stf{ M >L l;4fy{ Pu|f]e]6, l;=g=kf=– *, e}/xjf . s_ k|f]T;fxg cg'bfg M If]qkmn %)) x]= • xfOla|8 tyf pGgt aLpdf ##Ü cg'bfg M !@=& d]=6g !_ /fhs'df/ M $=)#) d]=6= -@_ afof]–(@@) M ^=&)% d]=6=-#_ c?0f–@ M @=) d]=6= 14 ?kGb]xL lhNNffdf k|rlnt ds}sf hftx? pGgt M c?0f @, /fdk'/ sDkf]lh6, c?0f !, /fdk'/ kx]+nf] . xfOla|8 ds}sf hftx? M /fhs'df/, afof]–(@@), #) lk #), #) lj !!, afof] (^*!, ;'k/ ()) Pd uf]N8, lkgfsn, 8f]g, cn/fp08/ cflb . l8 s] ;L ()*!, ds}sf] /f]kfO{ cjlw M– lxpb] M sflt{s bf];|f] xKtf b]lv d+l;/ bf];|f] xKtf a;Gt] ds} M df3 bf];|f] xKtf b]lv r}q klxnf] xKtf;Dd . ?kGb]xL lhNnfdf cjl:yt bfgf pBf]ux?sf] laj/0f M pBf]usf] gfd k|f]kfO{6/sf] gfd s|=;= 7]ufgf != zf/bf lkm8 wd{/fh e6\/fO{ ;fnem08L @= cGgk"0f{ Pu|f] O{= lktfDa/ kf08] ;fnem08L #= Go" ;+ud bfgf pBf]u z/bdfg >]i7 a'=g=kf= !%, sf]n'jf $= a'6jn lkm8 gjLg /fgf a'6jn %= dfp06 lkm8 ^= bfpGg] lkm8 a'6jn s]zj las|d v8\sf Dfs} pTkfbg tyf las|L lat/0f ;DalGw laj/0f M ds}sf] pTkfbsTj pTkfbg If]qkmn hftx? -x]=_ -d]=6=÷x]=_ -d]=6=_ /fhs'df/, c?0f–@ @) &=) !$) l;=g=kf= % , e}/xjf kz' bfgf tyf 3/df k|of]u kl/df0f -d]=6=_ bfgf pBf]unfO{ las|L -d]=6=_ a]r]sf] bfgf pBf]u *) $) zf/bf lkm8 ;fnem08L / Go" dfp06 lkm8 O{, a'6jn , >Lgu/ Pu|f] kmfd{ . @@)) cg'dflgt -k"0f{ pTkfbg /]s8{ k|fKt eOg;s]sf] _ /fhs'df/, $*) &=) ##^) !!^) afof] – (@@) , c?0f – @ cleofgd'vL sfo{qmd cGtu cGtut{ nufOPsf] ds} afnLsf] ljj/0f qm=;+= uf=lj=;= s}lkmot If]qkmn x]=df aLp kl/df0f d]=6gdf 1 ;fnem08L ^% 1.625 2 b]jbx ^* 1.720 3 k/f]{xf $@ 1.050 4 Zf+s/gu/ @% 0.625 15 5 Dfs|x/ $) 1.000 6 s/lxof= #) 0.750 7 k6vf}nL !* 0.450 8 s]/jfgL @# 0.575 9 df]ltk'/= #^ 0.900 10 ;f}=km;f{l6s/ @* 0.700 11 ;]dnf/ ## 0.825 12 dfgks8L !@ 0.300 13 cGo *) 2.100 hDdf %)) 12.700 sfo{qmdsf] ;an kIfx?M s[ifsx? ds}sf] Joj;flos v]tLtkm{ cu|;/ >dsf] ;xL ;b'kof]u u/L cfod"ns Aoj;fo ;+rfng ug{ d2t u/]sf] . kz' cfxf/f, bfgf, 3f;sf] pknAwtf kof{Kt ePsf] . ds}sf] If]q lj:tf/ / pTkfbg a9]sf] . vfB ;'/Iffdf 6]jf k'u]sf] . s[ifsx? ;d'x dfkm{t ;xsf/Ldf cfa4 eO{ art ug]{ afgL sf] ljsf; ePsf] . sfo{qmdsf] b'a{n kIfx? l;+rfO{ sf] cefj, s[lif >ldssf] sdL / k|lts'n df};d /f;folgs dn kof{Kt tyf ;dodf pknAw gx'g' . aLpdf cg'bfg /sd Go'g x'g' . xfO{la|8 ds}df laZj:t x'g g;s]sf] M bfgf gnfUg] cflb ;d:of af/Daf/ v]Kg' k/]sf] . pTkflbt ds}sf] e08f/0f ;DalGw Joj:yf gx'g' . ;do d} u'0f:t/Lo aLpsf] cefj x'g' . pTkflbt ds} 3/fo;L k|of]hgdf al9 vkt / gf]S;fg x'g' . cleofgd'vL ds} pTkfbg sfo{s|d ;kmntfk"j{s ;+rfng ug{ pko'Qm b]lvPsf ;'emfjx? M 16 • ef/lto xfO{la|8 aLpdf k"0f{ ?kn] laZj:t x'g g;s]sf]n] afnL ladf k|0ffnL k|efjsf/L ?kn] ;+rfng ug'{ kg]{ . • aLpdf slDtdf %) k|ltzt cg'bfg lbg'kg]{ . • ds} pTkfbs s[ifsx?nfO{ cg'bfgsf] /f;folgs dn cfjZos dfqfdf / ;dod} ;xh Aoj:yf x'g' kg]{ . • ds} ;+sng l8kf]sf] Aoj:yf / Aoj:yfkg ;DalGw sfo{s|d Nofpg'kg]{ . • ef/lto ds} aLpdf slxn];Dd k/ lge{/ x'g] g]kfnsf pGgt aLpdf cleofgd'lv ds} pTkfbg sfo{s|d ;+rfng ug'{kg]{ . • aLp 5g]{ l;8 8«Ln / ds} vGGf] slN6e]6/÷x}/f] df ;d]t cg'bfgsf] Aoj:yf x'g' kg]{ . • a;Gt] ds}df /f]u sL/fsf] cfs|d0f cTo cToflws lws x'g] x'gfn] k|fljlws tyf afnL ;+/If0f ;]jfdf k"0f{ cg'bfg x'g' kg]{ . • ds}sf] bfgf e08f/0f Aoj:yfkg ;DalGw klg sfo{s|ddf ;dfa]z ug'{ kg]{ . ds}sf] 3f]ufdf bfgf gnfu]sf] ;d:of M lhNnf MbfË cleofgd'vL ds} e6df;, pTkfbg sfo{s|d cf=j=)^*.)^( != ds} ljt/0f ug{ ;"lrt ePsf Pu|f];]G6/x? s|=;+= k|f]kfO6/sf] gfd ;"lrs[t Pu|f];]G6/x? 7]ufgf ! Psgf/fo0f zdf{ kf}8]n 3f]/fxL–!), bf+u >L l;4fy{ Pu|f];]G6/ @ Dffwj s]=;L= t'N;Lk'/,lj=kL=rf]s >L :ju{4f/L Pu|f] g]kfn k|f=nL # zf]efs/ l3ld/] ndxL, b]pv'/L,bf+u u+uf Pu|f]e]6 ;]G6/ $ ;/f]h s'df/ rf}w/L ndxL, b]pv'/L,bf+u ;xf/f s[lif ;]jf k|f=nL= xfO{lj|8 ds}sf] hftsf] s[ifsnfO{ lljt/0f jt/0f ul/Psf] b//]6 s|=;+= xfO{lj|8 ds}sf] hDdf nfUg] lh=s[=lj=sf=jf6 ##Ü cg'bfgdf 5'6 hft /sd ?= k|lt s]=hL= s[ifsn] ^&Ü j]xf]g]{ /sd k|lt s]=hL= ! /fhs'df/ @)).)) ^^.)) !#$.)) @ l;–!(@! !^).)) %@.*) !)&.@) 17 # g'tg !)! $ s]=Pr=– @)).)) ^^.)) !#$.)) uf]bfj/L–*(* !^).)) %@.*) !)&.@) % cln{–@ !%).)) $(.%) !)).%) ^ l;=lk=–*)* @^).)) *%.*) !&$.@) & jfof] –(^*! @)).)) ^^.)) !#$.)) * l;=kL=–^^^ @^).)) *%.*) !&$.@) ( /fdk'/ sDkf]lh6 ^).)) !(.*) $).@) !) c?0f–@ ^).)) !(.*) $).@) k|f]T;fxg cg''bfg sfo{s|d -%)) x]=_ s|=;+= ljt/0f u/sf] ;]jfs]Gb|x? If]qkmnkmn-x]_ jLp -d]=6g_ ! s[lif ;]=s]=k~rs'n] %) ! @ s[lif ;]=s]=t'N;Lk'/ @% )=% # s[lif ;]=s]=gf/fo0fk'/ @% )=% $ s[lif ;]=s]=ndxL #)) ^=) % s[lif ;]=s]=u9jf !)) @=) hDdf %)) !) s}lkmot • ds} jLp 9'jfgL % j6f ;]jfs]Gb| ;Dd 9'jfgL u/]sf] • ds} 5f]8fpg] d]l;g -sg{ ;]n/_ %)Ü cg'bfgdf s|=;+= ! sg{ ;]n/ lng] ;d"xsf] gfd 7]ufgf k|ultzLn ds} pTkfbg s[ifs ;d"x nfn dl6of–$ ;+Vof ! s}lkmot lh=s[=lj=sf=n] sg{ ;]n/ v/Lbsf] nflu lbg] /sd ?=#),))) dfq . cfsl:ds jfnL ;+/If0f ;xof]u M /f]u, ls/f nfUg] If]qx?df cfj:ostf cg';f/ /f]ugfzs / ls/fgfzs ljiffbL ljt/0f ug]{ sfd ePsf] . %)Ü cg'bfgdf :k|]o/ / lqkfn ljt/0f M :k|]o/ ;+Vof lqkfn ;+Vof s|=;+= s[lif ;]jfs]Gb|x? ! s[lif ;]=s]=k~rs'n] # * @ s[lif ;]=s]=t'N;Lk'/ @ # # s[lif ;]=s]=gf/fo0fk'/ # # $ s[lif ;]=s]=ndxL !) @* 18 % s[lif ;]=s]=u9jf % !$ hDdf @# %^ 19 Hfflto k|b{zg M s|=;+= k|b{zg ;+rfng ;]jfs]Gb|x? u/]sf] ds}sf hftx? /fhs'df/ l;= !(@! uf]bfj/L *(* cln{ @ jfof] (^*! ! s[lif ;]=s]=ndxL ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, @ s[lif ;]=s]=u9jf ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, s[ifsx?nfO{ k|fljlws tflnd M s|=;+= s[lif ;]jfs]Gb|x? Tfflndsf] lsl;d Tfflnd ;+Vof ! s[lif ;]=s]=k~rs'n] k|fljlws tflnd ! @ s[lif ;]=s]=t'N;Lk'/ ,, @ # s[lif ;]=s]=gf/fo0fk'/ ,, @ $ s[lif ;]=s]=ndxL ,, # % s[lif ;]=s]=u9jf ,, @ s}lkmot sfo{s|d nfu" ePsf lhNnfx?df cGt/ lhNnf s[ifs e|d0fM s|=;+= s[ifs ;+Vof e|d0f lbg ;xeflu ;+Vof ! #) hgf % lbg dlxnf k'?if hDdf ( @! @) hgf e|d0f u/]sf lhNnfx? lrtjg, /f}tx6, dsjfgk'/ / ;nf{xL ;xefuL s[ifs, bfgf pB pBf]uL tyf cGo ;/f]sf/jfnfx? jLr lhNnf :t/Lo uf]i7LM s|=;+= sfo{s|d ;+rfng ldlt ;xefuL ;+Vof s}lkmot ! @)^*.)*.!$ #! hgf s[ifs, bfgf pBf]uL, Pu|f]e]6 tyf ;Dalwt sfof{no sfo{s|d ;+u ;DjlGwt s[ifs tyf ;/f]sf/jfnfx? aLr ;dGjo j}7sM s|=;+= sfo{s|d ;+rfng ldlt ;xefuL ;+Vof ! @)^*.)*.!! s|k sl6ª ;e]{ M s|=;+= s[lif ;]jfs]Gb|x? !# hgf s|k s6 u/]sf] ;+Vof s|k s6 lnPsf] ldlt 20 s}lkmot s[ifs, bfgf pBf]]uL, Pu|f]e]6 tyf ;Dalwt sfof{no s}lkmot ! s[lif ;]=s]=k~rs'n] $ @ s[lif ;]=s]=t'N;Lk'/ $ # s[lif ;]=s]=gf/fo0fk'/ $ $ s[lif ;]=s]=ndxL $ % s[lif ;]=s]=u9jf $ • ds} pTkfbg, vkt, las|L cWoog xfn eO{g;s]sf] • pTs[i7 Pp6f s[ifs ;d"xnfO{ k'/is[t ul/Psf] . lhNnf M ;nf{xL cleofgd'lv ds} ds}+ sfo{qmdsf] k|ult a}zfv dlxgf;Dd dlxgf;Dd qm=;= sfo{qmd ljj/0f OsfO{ aflif{s nIo xfn;Ddsf] xfn;Ddsf] k|ult @=% ! pGgt xfO{la|8 ds}+ aLpdf ##Ü cg'bfg -?= @)). k|lt lsnf]_ d]=6g= @^ @ ds}+ 5f]8fpg] d]lzg -sg{;]n/_ %)Ü cg'bfg ;= ! # cfs:dLs afnL ;+/If0f ;xof]u x]= cf=c= $ %)Ü cg'bfgdf :k|]o/ ljt/0f ;= $) % %)Ü cg'bfgdf lqkfn ljt/0f ;+ %) ^ cGt/ lhNnf s[ifs e|d0f k6s ! ! & ;xefuL s[ifs bfgf pBf]u tyf cGo ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] lh=:t/ uf]i7L ;+= ! ! * ds}df hflto k|bz{g ;+= @ @ ( qmksl6ª\ ;+= !) !) ds}+ pTkfbg vkt, ljqmL cWoog ;+= ! !! l;lrt If]qdf ds}+df Plss[t afnL Joj:yfkg ;DalGwt s[ifs kf7zfnf ;+~rfng ;+= ! !@ pTs[i6 s[ifs ;d"xnfO{ k'/:s[t ug]{ k6s ! !# jflif{s k|ltj]bg tof/L k6s ! sfo{qmddf ;+nUg uf=lj=;=x? uf=lj=;=x? 21 cf=c= ! s}lkmot rfn' O{Zj/k'/, xl/k'/, a/xyjf, sf}/]gf, kTy/sf]6, cqf}nL, nfnalGb u/L hDdf & uf=la=;= sfo{qmddf ;dfa]z ds}sf hftx? DKC-9081,Rajkumar,All Rounder,C-1921,CP-808 cleofgd'lv ds}+, pTkfbg sfo{qmd cGtu{ cGtu{t vr{sf] kmfF6jf/L aflif{s ah]6M @@,^$,))) @)^( a}zfv;Ddsf] lgsf;fM %,#%,%$) @)^( a}zfv;Ddsf] vr{M #,#),%$) !^)) s]=hL= jLpsf] e'Qmflg ug{ afFls sfo{qmdsf ;an kIf Jofa;flos v]tL tkm{ cfsif{0f kz' cfxf/, bfgf, 3fF;, / bfp/f k|z:t ePsf] If]qkmn la:tf/ tyf pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj a9]sf] s[ifssf] cfly{s cj:yfdf ;'wf/ ePsf] ;d:ofM ;d:ofM bfgf gnfUg] ;d:ofn] ubf{ xfOla|8 ds} k|lt ljZjf; 36]sf] /f;folgs dnsf] dfu a9]sf] / ;dodf pknAw gePsf] u'0f:t/Lo dn jLp ;dodf pknAw gePsf] ;'emfjM cleofgd'vL ds} pTkfbs ;d'xx?nfO{ cfjZos /f;folgs dn sf]6fsf] ?kdf pknAw u/fOg' kg]{ jLpdf %) k|ltzt cg'bfgsf] Joj:yf x'g' kg]{ xfOla|8 jLpsf] pTkfbg :jb]zd} pTkfbg ug]{ sfo{qmd ;+rfng x'g' kg]{ afnL ladfsf] Joj:yf x'g' kg]{ ds}sf] jLp 5g]{ xft] d]l;g %) k|ltzt cg'bfgdf pknJw u/fpg] Joj:yf x'g' kg]{ u8\of}nfdn pTkfbg ug{ jLp u8\of}]nfsf] nflu k|lt kl/jf/ s]xL /sd pknAw u/fpg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ . lhNnf M/f}tx6 rfn' cf=j=sf] xfn;Ddsf] sfo{ k|ult 22 s_ k|f]T;fxg cg'bfg M If]qkmn !#)) x]= xfOla|8 tyf pGgt aLpdf ##Ü cg'bfg M @^ d]=6g ds} aLp 9'jfgL M @^ d]= 6gf %) Ü cg'bfgdf :k|]o/ ljt/0f M !)) j6f %) Ü cg'bfgdf lqkfn ljt/0f M *^ j6f /f}tx6df k|rlnt ds}sf hftx? hftx? /fdk'/ sDkf]lh6, c?0f !, c?0f @ xfOla|8 ds}sf hftx? M– M– /fhs'df/, #) lk #), #) lj !!, afof] (^*!, l8 s] ;L ()*!, ;'k/ ()) Pd uf]N8, ;L=kL=*)*, cn/fp08/ ds}sf] /f]kfO{ cjlw lxpb] ds} M– sflt{ssf] klxnf] ;Ktfx b]lv dfu{;Dd a;Gt] ds} M– kmfNu'g klxnf] ;Ktfx b]lv clGtd ;Ktfx;Dd lhNnf M gjnk/f;L gjnk/f;L lhNNffsf cleofgd'lv ds} e6df; pTkfbg ks]6 If]qx? !=/hx/@= u}8fsf]6#= b]pr'nL $= lbAok'/L %=cd/fk'/L^=k|utLgu/&=cUof}{nL*=/fdgu/ (=;'gjn!)=hbxf!!= d's'Gbk'/ gjnk/f;L lhNNffsf cleofgd'lv ds} e6df; pTkfbg sfo{qmd !=/fhs'df/ @=kfof]lgo/ lj !! #=afof]l;8 (^*! %=l8=s]=;L ()*! cleofgd'lv ds} ds}+ sfo{qmdsf] k|ult cfiff9 d;fGt d;fGt;Dd sfo{qmd ljj/0f OsfO{ aflif{s nIo xfn;Ddsf] xfn;Ddsf] k|ult s_ pGgt xfO{la|8 ds}+ aLpdf ##Ü cg'bfg -?= @)). k|lt lsnf]_ d]=6g= !$ !$ v_ ds} aLp 9'jfgL d]=6g !$ !$ u_ ds}+ 5f]8fpg] d]lzg -sG;]n/_ %)Ü cg'bfg ;+= ! ! qm=;= 23 s}lkmot qm=;= sfo{qmd ljj/0f OsfO{ aflif{s nIo xfn;Ddsf] xfn;Ddsf] k|ult s}lkmot rfn' 3_ cfs:dLs afnL ;+/If0f ;xof]u x]= cf=c= cf=c= ª_ %)Ü cg'bfgdf :k|]o/ ljt/0f ;+= !% !% r_ %)Ü cg'bfgdf lqkfn ljt/0f ;+= %) %) @ hftLo k|bz{g ;+Vof @ @ # s[ifsx?nfO{ k|fljlws tflnd -! lbg]_ ;+Vof @ @ $ sfo{qmd nfu" ePsf lhNnfx?df cGt/ lhNnf s[ifs e|d0f k6s ! ! % ;xefuL s[ifs, bfgf pBf]uL tyf cGo ;/f]sf/jfnfx?aLr ;dGjo j}7s k6s # # ^ qmk s6 ;e]{ ;+= @) @) & ds}+ pTkfbg vkt, ljqmL cWoog ;+= ! * l;lrt If]qdf ds}+df Plss[t afnL Joj:yfkg ;DalGw s[ifs kf7zfnf ;+~rfng ;+= ! ! ( pTs[i6 s[ifs ;d"xnfO{ k'/:s[t ug]{ k6s ! ! !) sfo{qmd cg'udg lg/LIf0f k6s ! ! !! jflif{s k|ltj]bg tof/L k6s ! ! 24 cleofgd'vL sfo{qmd cGt{ut nufOPsf] ds} afnLsf] ljj/0f uf=lj=;= qm=;+= If]qkmn x]=df aLp kl/df0f d]=6gdf 1. r=k'/ !)) 2 2. ;Gtk'/ -d=_ @)) 4 8'dl/of –d=_ #%) k|tfkk'/ kN6'jf %) /+uk'/ %) nIdLk'/ bf]= %) nIdLlgof #!) s6xl/of () sgsk'/ !)) 2 hDdf !#)) 26 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. xfn;Dd xfn;Dd d]h ldzg sfo{qmd ;+rfngsf] fngsf] cj:yf cf=j= If]qkmn x]= pTkfbg d]=6g 7 1 1 1 6.2 1.8 pTkfbsTj d]=6g k|lt x]= )^*÷^( !#)) &^&) %=( )^&.)^* !#)) %@)) $=) )^^.)^& !#)) !!)%) *=% )^%.)^^ !))) &))) & @)^$.)^% #)) !^%) %=% 25 /f}tx6df ds}sf] If]qkmn / pTkfbg l:ylt cf=j= hflto ljj/0f If]qkmn -x]=_ !%) :yfgLo hft pGgt hft #%) )^*.^( xfOla|8 hft $%%) hDdf %)%) :yfgLo hft !%) pGgt hft #)) )^&.)^* xfOla|8 hft $%)) hDdf $(%) :yfgLo hft !%) )^^.)^& )^%.)^^ pTkfbsTj -d]=6g x]=_ pTkfbg d]=6g !=^ #=)) $=*$ $=^@& !=%$ @$) ()) @!&^% @@()% @#! pGgt hft xfOla|8 hDdf :yfgLo hft #)) $%)) $(%) !%)) @=@# #=#@ )=* ^^( !$($) !%*$) !@)) pGgt hft xfOla|8 hDdf !%)) !%)) $%)) @=@ &=% #=% ##)) !!@%) !%&%) sfo{qmdsf] ;an kIfx? s[ifsx? ds}sf] Joj;flos v]tL tkm{ cu|;/ >dsf] ;xL ;b'kof]u kz' cfxf/f, bfgf, 3f;sf] pknAwtf ds}sf] If]q lj:tf/ / pTkfbg a9]sf] . vfB ;'/Iffdf 6]jf k'u]sf] . s[ifsx? ;d'x dfkm{t ;xsf/Ldf cfa4 eO{ art ug]{ afgL sf] ljsf; ePsf] . sfo{qmdsf] b'a{n kIfx? l;+rfO{sf] cefj / k|lts'n df};d . sfo{qmd l9nf] u/L k|fKt x'g' . aLpdf cg'bfg /sd Go'g x'g' . aLpsf] e08f/0f Joj:yf /fd|f] gx'g' . ;do d} u'0f:t/Lo aLpsf] cefj x'g' . ls;fgx? ds}sf] plrt d'No gkfPsf] u'gf;f] . 26 s}lkmot :yfgLo :t/df kfPsf hftx? :yfgLo :t/df kfPsf hftx? sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogdf b]lvPsf ;d:of != xfO{la|8 dflysf] a9bf] lge{/tf M cleofgd'lv ds}, e6df; pTkfbg sfo{qmdsf] gd{; tyf lgb]{lzsfn] xfO{la|8 tyf pGgt b'a} k|sf/sf aLpdf cg'bfg lbg] s'/f :ki6 ul/lbP klg sfo{qmddf cToGt} Go"g jf gu0o dfqfdf dfq pGgt aLp k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 . Seed Association Nepal sf] tYofFs cg';f/ g]kfndf cf}krfl/s af6f]af6 aflif{s ! xhf/ d]=6g ds}sf] aLp cfoft tyf lalqm x'g] ub{5 . of] tYofFs cg';f/ sl/a %) xhf/ x] If]qkmndf xfO{la|8 ds} v]tL ul/G5 . csf{ tkm{ xfO{la|8 ds} v]tL ug]{ k|rng t/fO{sf lhNnfx?df clws /x]sf] tyf v'Nnf l;dfgfsf sf/0f sl/a yk ! xhf/ d]=6g ds} cgf}krfl/s tj/n] g]kfn lelqg] cg'dfg ul/G5 . oL b'a} tYofFsnfO{ ldnfpFbf g]kfndf aflif{s ! nfv x]S6/ If]qkmndf xfO{la|8 ds} v]tL ul/G5 h'g s"n ds} If]qkmnsf] sl/a !! k|ltzt x'g cfFpb5 . o;n] Psflt/ /fdk'/ sDkf]lh6 h:tf /fd|f] pTkfbg lbg] Ifdtf ePsf hftx?sf] gh/cGbfh ePsf] 5 eg] csf{tkm{ b]zdf cfˆgf] xfO{la|8 aLp pTkfbg gePsf] x'Fbf,xfO{la|8 aLplahgsf] k|of]u ug]{ k|rngnfO{ yk k|f]T;fxg k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . @= xfO{la|8 xFufdf M laut s]xL aif{ b]lv g]kfnsf] t/fO{ If]qsf ds} v]tL x'g] lhNnfx?df xfO{la|8 ds}df bfgf gnfu]sf] ;d:ofsf gfddf xfO{la|8 xFufdf x'g] u/]sf] 5 . o; aif{ klg af/f,;nf{xL,dmfkf,?kGb]lx h:tf lhNnfx?df of] ;d:of b]vf k/]sf] 5 . laut aif{x?df o;} ;d:ofn] ubf{ ;/sf/n] 7'nf] /sd Ifltk'lt{ lbg' kg]{ cj:yf >[hgf ePsf] tyf s[ifs xslxt ;F3if{ ;ldtL h:tf ;F:yfx? ;d]t u7g e} ;s]sf] k|zFux? klg hf]l8P/ cfPsf 5g . xfnsf aif{x?df xfO{la|8 ds}df h] ;d:of cfP klg bfgf gnfUg] ;d:of s} ?kdf lrq0f x'g] kl/kfl6 ljsf; e} xfO{la|8 xFufdfsf] :j?k km]l/Psf] b]lvG5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu o; cf=j sf] lxpFb] l;hgdf af/f lhNnfsf] s]xL :yfgx?df v]tL ul/Psf] ds} afnLdf Turcicum Leaf Blight -TLB_ /f]u b]vf k/of] . lautdf b]lvPsf] Pollination sf] ;d:of eGbf laNs'n} k[ys k|s[lt ePtf klg o;n] ;d]t ds}df bfgf gnfUg] ;d:of s} ?kdf rrf{ kfof] . #= bfgf gnfUg] ;d:of M ds}df bfgf gnfUg] y'k|} sf/0fx? rrf{df cfPsf 5g . tL dWo] g]kfndf b]lvPsf] k|d'v sf/0fx? lgDg /x]sf 5g . • • k|lts'n ;dodf xfO{la|8 ds} 5g]{ k|rng M t/fO{sf lhNnfx?df c;f]hsf] clGtd ;ftf b]lv sflt{s bf]>f] xKtf -Nov. !%_;Dd ds} nufO;Sg] k|rng /x]sf] x'Fbf sltko cj:yfdf ds}df Cold Stress x'g u} Pollen dg]{ nufotsf ;d:ofsf sf/0f Pollination x'g g;ls 3f]uf yf]tf] x'g] u/]sf] s'/f k|ltj]bgx?n] cf}NofPsf 5g . ef/tLo ahf/df eg] November 16 eGbf k5fl8 dfq xfO{la|8 ds} lalqm ug]{ k|fjwfg /x]sf] hfgsf/L x'g cfPsf] 5 . aLpsf] u'0f:t/ M g]kfndf k|rlnt aLplahg P]glgodx?sf] lakl/t /fli6«o aLplahg ;ldtLdf ;"lrs[t gePsf hftx?sf] cfoft, lalqm lat/0f tyf v]tL ug]{ k|rngsf sf/0f aLpsf] u'0f:t/, :jefj tyf v]tL ug{ l;kmfl/; ul/Psf] If]q ;d]t :ki6 x'g g;sL To:tf aLpdf ;d]t ;d:of b]vf k/]sf] cj:yf 5 . $= pTkflbt ds}sf] ahf/Ls/0fsf] ;d:of M lhNnfsf sfo{qmdx?af6 pTkflbt ds}sf] ahf/Ls/0fsf nflu :ki6 sfo{qmd gx'Fbf Psflt/ bfgf pBf]ux?n] ;dodf rflxPsf] kl/df0fdf ds} k|fKt ug{ g;ls/x]sf] tyf csf{ tkm{ s[ifsx?n] ;dodf plrt d"Nodf ds} lalqm ug{ g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . 27 %= ;'zf;gsf] cefj÷l9nf;'l:t÷k|s[ofut dmd]nf M laz]ift ds}sf] aLpdf cg'bfg lbg] nufotsf k|s[ofdf sltko lhNnfx?df b]lvPsf pNn]lvt sf/0fx?n] ubf{ ;dodf ah]6 vr{ gx'g],vr{ ePdf klg kf/blz{ gx'g], k6s k6s ph'/Lx? kg]{ h:tf sf/0fx?af6 sfo{qmdsf] sfof{Gjog kIf c;xh aGb} uPsf] cj:yf 5 . cfufdL lbgdf sfo{qmdnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpgsf] nflu ljleGg lgsfoaf6 k|fKt ;'dmfjx? != vfgf / bfgf b'a} If]qnfO{ nlIft ul/ kxf8L If]qx?df ;d]t ds} pTkfbgsf] sfo{qmdnfO{ Aofks agfpg' kb{5 . @= lglZrt ;do ;Dd sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ul/;s]kZrft\ ;d'x jf lhNnf la:tf/} kl/jt{g hfg' pko'Qm x'G5 . #= aLpdf cg'bfg lbg] sfo{qmdsf] lasNkdf l;+rfO{, dnvfb, y|]l;ˈnf]/ h:tf sfo{qmdnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg' cfjZos 5 . $= ds} pTkfbg If]q ;fgf] x'g', 5l/P/ /xg',pTkfbg kZrftsf] Postharvest Handelling sdhf]/ x'g'n] Quality o'Qm ds} Collection df ;d:of ePsf] x'Fbf o;df ;'wf/ x'g' cfjZos 5 . 28 /fli6«o aLp lahg ;ldltdf kl~hs[t e} g]kfndf sf/f]jf/sf] nflu :jLs[tL k|fKt ds}sf xfO{la|8 hftx? S.No Variety 1. BIO-9681 Plant height (cm) 225-270 Maturity days 90-110 Yield (Mt/ha) 6.5-8 Recommended domain Source of material Cross parents Proposed by 2. Rajkumar 250-280 100-110 8-9 3. Nutan (KG-101) 270-300 90-92 6.5-8 Central hills-normal season & Eastern terai-winter season Central hills-normal season & Eastern and central terai-winter season Central hills-normal season Bioseed Research India Pvt.Ltd. Bioseed Reaearch India Pvt.Ltd. FSX1149* MGPM106 FSX1151* MGPM108 Jay Kisan Seed Centre 4. Super 900 M 220-250 120-160 8-12 Central terai-winter & rainy season Kanchanganga Res. India, Pvt.Ltd. Monsanto India Ltd. Three way cross Jay Kisan Seed Centre HQ703Z* B6425Z S8128Z* BF015Z DS923Z* HQ703Z GL606Z* DK142Z PHY4N* PHBJJ RRC * 9TJ Krishak Bij Bhandar 5. DKC 9081 220-250 120-160 10-12 Central terai-winter (Kartik-Magh) Monsanto India Ltd. 6. All Rounder 200-270 120-160 7-10 Terai-winter& rainy season Monsanto India Ltd. 7. DKC7074 200-250 85-95 6.8 Monsanto India Ltd. 8. 30 P 30 230-250 100-155 6-7 9. 30 B 11 240-270 105-120 8-9 10. C-1921 190 140-167 (Winter) 105-110 (Rainy) 5.1427.5 Central terai-summer& Central hills-rainy Terai-winter & central hills-rainy season Terai-winter & central hills-rainy season Eastern-Central Terai and Lower river basins of mid hills 11. CP-808 231 9.95 Eastern - Central Terai 12. CP-666 222 130-140 (Winter) 110-120 (Rainy) 110-120 6.978 Eastern - Central Terai Charoean Seeds India ,,-,, 13. Godawari-989 236 105 7.364 Eastern - Central Terai and Lower river basins of mid hills Aishwarya Seeds India Pvt.Ltd 14. Early-2 230 105 5.696 ,,-,, 15. TCT-9696 16. Bisco-940 265 178 110 135-140 8.345 7.134 Eastern - Central Terai and Lower river basins of mid hills Central Terai Terai and Central hills 29 PHI Seeds Pvt.Ltd. India Terai-winter & central hills-rainy season Zuari Seeds Ltd. India Pokphand ,,-,, Bisco Bio sciences Pvt.Ltd Secunderabad A.P. India Double cross Jay Kisan Seed Centre Krishak Bij Bhandar Krishak Bij Bhandar Krishak Bij Bhandar Krishak Bij Bhandar Krishak Bij Bhandar PS12/PS7 Nepal Agro Seeds & Inputs Co.Pvt.Ltd, Chitwan Karma International Swaymbhu, Kathmandu ,,-,, (S-7/S-78) Female * (S-16/S-5) Male, East west Nepal Birgunj, Parsa, NA ,,-,, KS 311/G415F HM 005/HM 096 SC 3 x SC4 ,,-,, Jha Seed Kalya, Bara concern, 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
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