T CONTENTS THE WORLD HOW TO USE THIS ATLAS

8 MEXICO AND
CENTRAL AMERICA
10 SOUTH AMERICA
HE WORLD is round. So, to make a map of
the world appear on a flat page, the world’s
curved surface must be flattened out and parts of it
stretched.The world map (below) is the result.The
maps in this atlas show different areas of the world.
Look for the little world map printed on each
page.The part shaded red shows where in the
world that area is situated.
The maps in this atlas have been specially drawn to show
where different kinds of landscape are found.
T
Arctic lands
(tundra)
Mountains
Desert
Svalbard
12 NORTHERN AFRICA
s
u
e
h
p
r
O
©
14 SOUTHERN AFRICA
Iceland
16 WESTERN EUROPE
R
o
E U RO P E
N O RT H
y
ck
AMERICA
s.
Mt
20 NORTHERN EUROPE
Grassland
Coniferous
forest
Marshes
Farmland
Rivers and
lakes
PACIFIC
24 THE MIDDLE EAST
Equator
n
Amazo
Galápagos
Is.
A
26 INDIA AND
SOUTHEAST ASIA
n
SOUTH
S
H
im
al ay a
d
e s
32 INDEX
2
0
4000 km
s
Hawaiian Is.
Marshall Is.
AFRICA
Kiribati
Seychelles
New Guinea
Solomon Is.
INDIAN
Samoa
Fiji
AMERICA
OCEAN
30 AUSTRALIA AND
NEW ZEALAND
Scale
A
PAC I F I C O C E A N
French
Polynesia
28 CHINA AND JAPAN
I
b i
G o
Canary
Is.
Sahara Desert
Cape
Verde
Is.
OCEAN
Ob
Nile
Hawaiian Is.
Boundaries between countries are
shown in this atlas by red lines
(below left). Boundaries between
states within countries, or disputed
boundaries, are both shown by
broken lines (below right).
.
A
Azores
OCEAN
200 km
.
Aleutian Is
AT L A N T I C
22 RUSSIA AND
CENTRAL ASIA
Scale
0
ARCTIC OCEAN
Greenland
18 SOUTHERN EUROPE
s
k
o
o
B
Forest and
woodlands
ts
6 UNITED STATES
OF AMERICA
HOW TO USE THIS ATLAS
M
4 CANADA AND
THE ARCTIC
THE WORLD
Ural
CONTENTS
A scale bar (below) tells us how far
distances on the map are in the
real world.You can use it to work
out longer or shorter distances.
AU S T R A L I A
Tonga
New
Caledonia
New
Zealand
Kergeulen Is.
3
DID YOU KNOW . . ?
Much of northern Mexico is
covered by desert.The cactus is
often the only plant life there.
MEXICO CENTRAL AMERICA
AND
Mexico City, the capital
of Mexico, lies at more
than 2000 metres above
sea level. With more than
20 million people, it is one
of the largest cities in the
world—and one of the
most polluted.
MEXICALI
S
M
Hand weaving is an
ancient Indian art that
still goes on in Mexico
and Guatemala. Each
region has its own
style.
i e
r
M
and
Gr
Rio
r a
a
e
d
r
e
In many Central
American and
Caribbean countries,
growing bananas is the
most important industry.
As the bananas grow,
workers cover them with bags to
protect them from insects.The
bananas are cut down while they
are still green.They ripen just
before they go on sale.
NIA
OR
L IF
CA
OF
400 km
LF
GU
Scale
0
BAHAMAS
MONTERREY
M E X I C O
HAVANA
s
u
e
h
p
r
O
©
TURKS &
CAICOS IS.
(Br.)
CUBA
HAITI
MÉRIDA
BELIZE
C
IF
IC
OCEA
N
GUATEMALA
EL
SALVADOR
ANGUILLA (Br.)
DOMINICAN
REPUBLIC
VIRGIN IS.
(Br. & US)
ST. KITTS
& NEVIS
PUERTO
ANTIGUA
RICO
(US)
GUADELOUPE
(Fr.)
DOMINICA
ST. LUCIA
MEXICO CITY
The Panama Canal
links the Atlantic
and Pacific Oceans.
Before the canal
was built, ships had
to go around the
stormy seas off the
southern tip of
South America. A
series of locks were
built to take canal
traffic across the 80kilometre stretch of
land. Small trains
help pull the ships
through the locks.
8
GULF OF
MEXICO
GUADALAJARA
PA
s
k
o
o
B
EXICO and the Central American
countries stretch from the United
States in the north to South America in the
south. A mountain chain runs all the way
down.There are many active volcanoes and
the land is regularly shaken by earthquakes,
too. In the north the climate is dry, but further
south there is tropical rainforest.
The Caribbean islands have a hot, wet
climate.They often suffer fierce hurricanes.
ST.VINCENT AND
THE GRENADINES
JAMAICA
C A R I B B E A N
HONDURAS
MARTINIQUE
(Fr.)
BARBADOS
GRENADA
S E A
NETHERLANDS
ANTILLES
TRINIDAD
AND TOBAGO
N I C A R AG UA
Panama Canal
C O S TA
RICA
PA N A M A
Steel band music is
popular on every
Caribbean island. It
was first played in
Trinidad.The pans
or drums are made
from large oil drums.
Calypso and reggae
music both have
their origins in the
Caribbean.
9
N
ORWAY, Sweden and Denmark are
known as Scandinavia.Together with
Finland, they are the most northerly European
lands. Central Europe lies between the Baltic
Sea and the Alps.The plains of northern
Germany, Denmark and Poland are
fertile. Evergreen forests cover upland
areas, as well as low-lying Finland.
D
NORTHERN EUROPE
0
E
ine
A
l
SWITZERLAND
ZÜRICH
OSLO
W
E
L
Scale
A
Bornholm
e
p
A
s
LIECHTENSTEIN
MUNICH
ube
Dan
FRANKFURT
S
T
R
I
A
VIENNA
The River Rhine in
Germany is a major
waterway. Barges carry
goods up and down it.They
pass through the Rhine
gorge, a land of castles and
vine-covered slopes.
U
O
PRAGUE
P
L
Åland
A
Vistu
la
N
A
T
V
RIGA
I
WARSAW
VILNIUS
A
ESTONIA
TALLINN
LITH UANIA
L
HELSINKI
(Russia)
N
OULU
D
Inari
F I N L A N D
A
D
BRATISLAVA
S L OVA K I A
KRAKOW
L
GDANSK
CZECH REPUBLIC
BERLIN
GERMANY
El b
COPENHAGEN
P
300 km
B A L T I C
S E A
Gotland
STOCKHOLM
GÖTEBORG
Vänern
A
HAMBURG
DENMARK
BERGEN
TRONDHEIM
COLOGNE
Rh
GENEVA
This man
shapes a
blob of
melted
glass by
blowing
into it.
Glassblowing
is a traditional
industry of
Poland.
DID YOU KNOW . .
? Northern
Scandinavia is
the Land of the
Midnight Sun.
At the height
of summer,
the sun never
sets. But in
the depths of
winter, it
never rises.
REYKJAVIK
R
ICELAND
N
O
N
G
Y
W
S
LF
U
F
O
TH
BO
IA
N
20
s
u
e
h
p
r
O
©
Mountains cover
much of Austria
and Switzerland.
Many Austrian
village churches
have onionshaped domes.
Lapland is home
to the Lapps, or
Saami people. A
few still herd
reindeer, a
traditional
way of life.
These sea inlets in
Norway’s coastline
are called fjords.
s
k
o
o
B
21