Do Horses know the Difference ? Deworming What to watch for Lynn

Do Horses know
the Difference ?
Deworming
What to watch for
Lynn Palm
Western Dr essage
Basic Level Tests 1&2
And More.........
June 2015
Advertisers Index
A Bit of Tack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Classified advertising . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Downunder Horsemanship . . . . . . . . .5 &20
Harwood Trenching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
K Fence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Marth Wood Products
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Table of
Contents:
Midwest Cremation Service . . . . . . . . . . .16
PG12:
West Nile Virus
PG8:
A Chicken and a Nickel.
Minnesota Trail Riders Association . . . . .14
Nutrina Feeds Happy Belly. . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Building a partnership with RIO
Tread Lightly’s
Responsible Horseback Riding
Palm Partnership Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Pyranha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Rockin’ S Ranch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
PG4: Palm Partnership
Basic Levels Test 1&2
PG9:
PG14:
Ritchie Automatic Waterers. . . . . . . . . . . .13
PG15:
Simon Horse Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Service Directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
PG16:
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Bjerga Feed Stores
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Pyranah
. . . .R.T. Duggan Horseshoeing Supplies
PG5 & Back Cover:
Downunder Horsemanship
Reichert Saddlery and Farm Supply
Preventing Cephalomyelitis
PG17:
Minnesota Thoroughbred Association
Educational Seminars
Women & Men
Do Horse’s know the difference
Calendar of Events
Like to add an event give us a call.
UW Minnesota
August Pasture Program
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Chemical Resistance & Fecal Counts
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Yellowstone
Outfitters,Climate,
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Chris Grambort, Dawn Jamiska
& Kandi Menne
June 2015 •
3
Western Dressage:
Understanding
Basic Level Tests 1 & 2
by Lynn Palm
PALM PARTNERSHIP TRAINING™
Building a Partnership with your Horse
Knowledgeis power. It’s always in your best
interests to fully understand the dressage tests
before you compete.Take time to review and
there will be no surprises, so let’s take a closer
look at Basic Level Tests 1 and 2.
Basic level is the first level where you will do
working walk, working jog, and working lope.
New in this level are the 20-meter circle figures at
the working lope. Here are my tips for practice
and competitions at these levels:
1. You should time your practice and warm-up at
home. This way you can practice in just the right
amount of time before you compete. This also
includes what you are going to do around the
arena before you enter at A.
2. In Tests 1 & 2 you still have to halt at X
through the walk. So practice transitions, working
jog, walk (about five to six steps), and then halt.
3. I love the turns at E and B in Test 1. Here you
have to turn sharp and keep the same rhythm
throughout the turn. You cannot pull back on the
reins at all! You have to use an open rein and neck
rein, along with your leg aids for both turns.
Make sure you look early for both turns and that
you lean back with your shoulders as you turn.
The turn will tilt the horse forward, thus making
it harder for him to turn.
4. In Test 1, you have 20-meter circles at A. Walk it
on the ground to get the sizing perfect. You will
have to do working jog and working lope here as
well.
5. Introduced in these tests is the 20-meter circle---- at the working lope. I love that you have
plenty of time to prepare, this will teach you to
take your time with the cues for the lope. You also
have plenty of
time to do the hardest transition: working lope to
working jog. I like to see the transition done on
the last quarter of the circle. However, as you are
starting with this, use the last half of the circle. It
says that you have to get the transitions here
before A.
6. Free walk is required in both Tests 1 and 2.
Make sure that you have your reins really long by
the quarter line and then shorten your reins at the
other quarter line. This will help your horse to
make this a smooth transition from and to the
working walk.
7. In Test 2, you have a loop. I love this figure, as
you have to show that you can have a slight bend
to your horse's body and change it as you do the
loop line. This is also a good figure to practice at
the walk so you can reach X and have all three
loops of equal size to have a good figure. You
must master this at the working jog to be able to
do working lope, and introduce the counter lope.
8. Also new, you have to do a 20-meter circle at
X. I had never done one of these, as it is not traditional in classical dressage. I had to walk this
first to get the size correct and to make sure I was
starting and ending the circle at X. Not having a
real letter to start the circle makes it a fun challenge. (Do your math and refer to the article on
dressage mathematics for help.)
9. You will have to do the 20-meter circle at X at
both the working jog and working lope. Before X,
you have to do the upward and downward transitions from working jog and working lope. It is a
bit more difficult because you don't have the
arena to give some guideline to keep your horse
straight and balanced on the circle during the
transitions. Take your time and don't look down
as you slow down. Make yourself look at a letter.
Always keep your mind in front of your horse and
utilize the letters for this. You will learn to FEEL
more. You will feel more clearly how to control
your balance in every movement and this will
allow you to be the most consistent with clear
aids (cues) for your horse.
We love to share our dressage backgrounds and
knowledge with you and would love to have you
come ride with us. You can join us at our farm in
Ocala, Florida, or at one of our Ride Well Clinics
on our USA Tour at a location near you.
If you would like to train with Lynn & Cyril
at home with Western Dressage, take
advantage of the following supportive training materials:
Books: Head To Toe Horsemanship
Western Dressage—A Guide to Take You to
Your First Show,
A Rider Guide to Real Collection
DVDs:“Dressage Principles for the Western
Horse & Rider” Volume 1 Parts 1-5
“Dressage Principles for the Western &
English
Horse & Rider” Volume 2,Parts 1-3
“Let Your Horse Be Your Teacher” Parts
1&2
For more information on these training
materials and more, as well as clinics,
please visit www.lynnpalm.com or call us at
800-503-2824.
5
4 • June 2015
Horsen Around Magazine
www.equinemonthly.com
equine health
How do I know if my horse has
worms/parasites?
By Karissa Hunter
Horses are susceptible to worm and parasite contraction year round. It is important to watch for any
symptoms that would indicate infestation in order to
catch the worms at an early life stage. It is also
imperative to get a prevention plan prepared to
avoid contraction. Many questions arise when dealing with equine worms and parasites. What type of
dewormer should I use? What type of worms does
my horse have? How do I know when my horse has
worms? Let’s get some answers!
How can my horse contract
worms/parasites?
The lifecycle of most internal parasites begins when
horses ingest worm eggs, simply by grazing in an
area that contains eggs. Horses often graze or consume hay or other feed from the ground while confined in small pens or small acreages. Since removing manure from outdoor areas is not a typical
chore, this is usually an opportunity for maximum
exposure to parasite eggs. Horses can also contract
worms from contaminated hay or feed. This is one
reason why pasture rotation is an effective preventative for parasite control.
What types of worms/parasites
can my horse contract?
• Shaggy/dull coat
• Eye/nasal drainage
• Frequent loose stool
• Bloating
• Tail/mane rubbing
• Pale gums
• Summer sores
• Trouble keeping weight on/emaciation/loss
of appetite
• Lethargy/depression
• Compromised immune system
• Colic/gut torsion
High Shedders vs. Low Shedders
Healthy horses usually have a low amount of worm
eggs in their digestive tracts. “High shedders” are
more susceptible to carrying a high amount of eggs
and in turn shed more eggs through their manure.
“Low shedders” are just the opposite. “Low shedders” carry low amounts of eggs and rarely shed
them out through their manure. Interestingly, in most
cases, “high shedders” are resistant to the chemical
dewormers.
Chemical Resistance
Over the past couple of decades, overuse of chemical dewormers has become a prevalent issue for
treating worm/parasite infestations. Ivermectin is
among the many chemicals that have been overused because of traditional ways. In a traditional
barn setting, horses are usually on a scheduled
dewormer rotation, sometimes every 3 months, or in
some cases every 6-8 weeks. The thought process
behind this is that during a change in season, different parasites are available for horses to ingest. The
• Small & large strongyles (bloodworms)
• Tapeworms
• Pinworms
• Ascarids (roundworms- prevalent in foals
and young horses)
• Threadworms
• Bots
6 • June 2015
Horsen Around Magazine
horses then need to have preventative chemical
treatment so that the entire barn is safe from infestation. Horses that are brought into a new barn are
also dewormed even if they show no parasital
symptoms. Deworming a horse that does not have
a high infestation of parasites or any parasites at all
can be detrimental to their systems, sometimes
causing ulcers and colic. The same thinking can be
applied to taking a Tylenol when you don’t have a
headache. Why take medicine if you show no symptoms? If the horse’s system is being exposed to
these chemicals for no reason other than to ease
the mind of the owner, this can cause long-term
effects leading up to chemical resistance. Every
day, horse owners are overusing and misusing
chemical dewormers and in turn, equine parasites
are building up a strong resistance, making it more
difficult to treat for worms and parasites. There are
alternatives to scheduled chemical deworming that
one might consider for the horse’s sake. exposed to
these chemicals for no reason other than to ease
the mind of the owner, this can cause long-term
effects leading up to chemical resistance. Every
day, horse owners are overusing and misusing
chemical dewormers and in turn, equine parasites
are building up a strong resistance, making it more
difficult to treat for worms and parasites. There are
alternatives to scheduled chemical deworming that
one might consider for the horse’s sake.
Fecal Egg Counts
Fecal egg counts (FEC) are a technical measure for
finding out exactly what types of worms and parasites are present in your horse’s digestive system A
fecal egg count is a simple process that can be conducted by your veterinarian, and can even be a
process that you can learn to conduct yourself, on
your own horses. FEC measures the eggs per gram
in the horse’s manure. According to the McMaster
method, a low count is 0-200 eggs per gram, a moderate count is 200-500 eggs per gram and a high
contaminator is 500+ eggs per gram. It is recommended that a horse with a low count not be
dewormed because a low parasite presence is necessary to trigger an immune response. In order to
evaluate a FEC, a Fecal Egg Count Reduction Test
can be performed. This entails using the appropriate
chemical dewormer based on the FEC, waiting a
period of 7-14 days and then performing another
FEC. After comparing the eggs per gram found in
both tested samples, you can calculate the amount
of worm egg reduction. If there is any chemical
resistance present, the amount of reduction will be
less than 90%. Fecal egg counts should be conducted every 3 months or when necessary.
Deworming a horse does not guarantee removal of
any or all parasites. Always consult with your veterinarian before deworming.
www.equinemonthly.com
Preventatives for Infestation
If available, pasture rotation will help interrupt the
life cycles of the parasites. If the parasites cannot
find an appropriate host (your horse), they will not
survive past the larval life stage. Spreading manure
to ensure that it dries out over a large area of land
is one way to help break the parasite life cycle.
Additionally, piling manure in one spot, similar to
composting, can also help eliminate infestation as
the manure pile will heat up as it decomposes, in
turn killing parasite eggs before they hatch. A natural parasite control is food-grade diatomaceous
earth that can be found at most feed stores.
Diatomaceous earth will make its way through the
digestive tract, shredding anything with an
exoskeleton and is usually given as 10% of the
feed ration. In response to the increasing chemical
resistance concerns, there are a growing number
of natural (non-chemical) "anthelmintic" (dewormer) products available on the market.
"Vermicides" kill intestinal parasites/worms and
"verifuges" expel dead parasites/worms from the
bowels. "Taenicides" are specific to killing tapeworms and "taeniafuges" in turn, expel dead tapeworms from the bowels.
Final Thoughts
Healthy horses can go months, sometimes years
without needing to be dewormed, even in the presence of a “high shedder”. If their immune systems
are in full force, they will naturally fight off worms
and parasites. If you are weary about applying a
chemical dewormer every year, try one of the
many natural parasite controls. You can also get
fecal egg counts done at your veterinarian’s office
as often as you would like to insure a low egg
count in your horse’s digestive tract. If worm egg
counts are low, daily dewormers can be used safely and effectively. Remember to be on the lookout
for infestation symptoms. Sometimes dewormers
do not rid the digestive tract of those pesky parasites and the horse will still show symptoms.
Managing your pasture to decrease production
and contraction of parasites is a key factor to eliminating the need to deworm. Working together with
your veterinarian, and doing routine fecal egg
counts will help insure a healthy future for your
horse, and the end of the line for excessive parasites and chemical dewormer resistance.
Karissa Hunter, originally from Rockford Illinois,
earned a Bachelor’s Degree in 2011 in Biological
Sciences from Northern Illinois University. Her
growing business, Wild Soles Whole Horse Care
in Glen Rose, Texas was established in January,
2014 after a year of apprenticeship with a
natural hoof care trimmer in Texas. On
her own, Karissa maintains a clientele of
over 100 horses, offering natural barefoot
trims and rehabilitation of pathological
disease and shod-to-barefoot transitions.
As a "whole horse" service, she also puts
her college degree to work offering fecal
counts, diet and nutrition advice and
holistic health care planning for the horse
owner. Look for regular feature articles
from Karissa and her video documentaries on our new website in each upcoming issue of Equine Monthly. To contact
Karissa, email her at
[email protected]
At Marth, we provide heavier
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Horsen Around Magazine
June 2015 •
7
developing a dream
What you can’t Google, though is the feeling that
comes from recognizing your own courage, facing
your fears, and enjoying the satisfaction of success. Carol Etlicher of Weatherford, Texas knows
all these emotions better than she knows her
name. Together with her mustang “Rio” she has
faced her fears with courage and tasted success in
small bites. Her journey with Rio has never been
easy, but she has never quit.
Fourth from the front, Carol Etlicher’s first mustang
ride on Thunder
Carol fell in love with mustangs when she attended
the very first Extreme Mustang Makeover in 2007.
While she watched from the safety of the bleachers
during that inaugural event, she wondered. “Could I
do this?” As the trainers and their mustangs competed, her memory took her back to a horse from
her childhood. Carol’s uncle, at the tender age of
four years old, had traded 5 cents and one barnyard
hen for a rangy mustang yearling he named
“Thunder.” Carol listened to her heart and with the
excitement and courage of a true adventurer,
adopted Rio at the 2011 Mustang Magic competition in Fort Worth, Texas. Once a mature herd stallion from the Calico Mountain Herd Management
Area, Rio and Carol have faced their
fears together, one step at a time. For Carol, the
cost of conquering her fears and “setting sail” as
Mark Twain so aptly wrote was easy to figure. It
was as simple as a chicken and a nickel. But building a relationship with her very own mustang? Priceless.
“Twenty years from now you will be
more disappointed by the things you
didn’t do than by the ones you did do.
So throw off the bowlines. Sail away
from the safe harbor. Catch the trade
winds in your sails. Explore. Dream.
Discover.”
Mark Twain, American Author
Carol Etlicher gives credit to many "helpers"
along the way as she and Rio continue to discover more about the joy in their relationship.
She thanks Rio's first trainer Gary Wedemeyer
as well as Logan Leach, Lorrie Grover, and
Travis Dittmer for their invaluable direction and
support as she and Rio continue on their journey of discovery together.
Although it took several months to get acquainted,
Carol and her mustang developed a relationship that
led to their first trail ride together
For more information on how to adopt
a mustang of your own and begin
your own adventure please check out
Mustang Heritage Foundation at
www.mustangheritagefoundation.org
Carol and Rio discovering their relationship with Travis
Dittmer at his Pro Horsemanship facility in Mineral
Wells Texas.
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8 • June 2015
Horsen Around Magazine
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Tread Lightly’s! Tips
for Responsible
Horseback Riding
TRAVEL RESPONSIBLY,
on designated roads, trails and areas.
• Stay on designated roads, trails and other
areas open to horse use.
• Ride single file to reduce trail damage.
• Don’t cut switchbacks.
• Spread out in open country where there are no
trails. Spreading out, rather than following each
other’s footsteps, disperses impact and avoids
creating a new trail
• Comply with all signs and respect barriers.
• Riders should match their skill level to the temperament and ability of the horse they ride.
• At trailheads or staging areas, park vehicles
and secure horses in a manner that provides a
safe distance between the horses and passing
traffic.
• Less experienced horses and riders should ride
behind more “trail-wise” horses and riders.
• If you are “ponying” a horse, go slow and never
take a loose horse on the trail.
• Buddy up with two or three riders. This reduces
vulnerability if you have an accident.
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RESPECT THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS,
including private property owners and all recreational trail users, campers and others so they
can enjoy their recreational activities undisturbed.
• Be considerate of others on the road or trail.
• Be prepared to let other trail enthusiasts know
what needs to be done to keep you, the horse
and other passersby safe when you meet on
the trail.
• Remember, many people are afraid of horses
and may react unpredictably.
• Be alert and aware of the presence of other
trail enthusiasts. If possible, pull to the side of
the trail when you hear oncoming off-highway
vehicles or bicycles.
• Leave gates as you find them. If crossing private property, be sure to ask permission from
the landowner(s).
• Keep the noise down.
• Be especially cautious around hikers, bikes
and motorized vehicles.
EDUCATE YOURSELF, prior to your trip by
obtaining travel maps and regulations from public agencies, planning, taking horseback riding
skills classes and knowing how to properly
manage your horse.
• Obtain a map of your destination and determine which areas are open to your type of pack
animals.
• Make a realistic plan and stick to it. Always tell
someone of your travel plans.
Horsen Around Magazine
• Contact the land manager for area restrictions, closures and permit requirements.
• Check the weather forecast for your destination. Plan clothing, equipment and supplies
accordingly.
• Carry a compass or a Global Positioning
System (GPS) unit and know how to use it.
• Carry water and emergency supplies even on
short trips.
• Keep groups small and carry lightweight gear
to reduce the number of animals needed.
• Pre-plan camp locations that provide plenty of
room and the proper environment for confining
animals.
• Take responsibility for your horse’s education.
Introduce it to vehicles and situations it may
encounter on shared trails.
AVOID SENSITIVE AREAS, such as meadows, lakeshores, wetlands and streams. Stay
on designated routes.
•
Other sensitive habitats to avoid,
unless on designated routes, include cryptobiotic soils of the desert, tundra and seasonal
nesting or breeding areas.
•
Do not disturb historical, archeological or paleontological sites.
•
Avoid “spooking” livestock and wildlife
you encounter and keep your distance.
•
Water animals in areas where stream
banks and water access can withstand hard
use and are downstream from campsites.
Continued on page 13:
June 2015 •
9
trails & tails
Exploring on Horseback Getting to Know Yellowstone National Park
Embracing three western states, Idaho,
Montana, and Wyoming, Yellowstone National
Park was designated the first “national park”
in the world by becoming our nation’s first
National Park in 1872. Although there are literally hundreds of awe-inspiring landmarks
and vistas, perhaps the most famous and easily recognized Yellowstone landmarks include
Old Faithful Geyser, the stunning Upper and
Lower Yellowstone Falls and idyllic
Yellowstone Lake. The abundance
of North America’s magnificent
wildlife species in Yellowstone is
unmatched in the lower 48 states.
For these reasons, Yellowstone is
one of the top five most visited
National Parks with over 3 million visitors each year.Exploring this amazing natural beauty doesn't get much
better than horseback trail rides in
Gallatin National Forest and the
Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness, just
north of Yellowstone Park. Gardiner
Montana, the gateway town at the
park's north entrance, is ideal for
saddling up for guided trail rides and
pack trips into the majestic National Park’s
countryside.
Montana Weather
Weather during the Montana riding season is
about as good as it gets. In spite of this,
measurable precipitation can occur, although
locals tell you it’s rare in this part of Montana.
For that reason, rain gear as part of your trip
essentials is still highly recommended.
North Yellowstone Average
Temps:
May ~ High: 66° / Low: 38°
June ~ High: 76° / Low: 46°
July ~ High: 86° / Low: 52°
August ~ High: 84° / Low: 50°
September ~ High: 76° / Low: 46°
Source: Western Regional Climate Center
Altitude, most of Yellowstone National Park is
above 6,000 feet. If you are coming from a
much lower elevation, it is wise to allow yourself at least one "easy" day to adjust to this
altitude before beginning strenuous activity.
BYOB -- Bring Your Own Beast
Enjoying the serenity of Yellowstone's natural
beauty with your own equine companion is
possible, but careful planning will help make
your trip memorable. First, bring a horse that
is accustomed to the rigors of trail riding, not
your show-ring performance horse fresh off
the circuit.
Plan your trail ride for July 1 or after if you
want to take an overnight ride, because trails
are muddy and the range is not ready to graze
before then. Day rides are fine earlier in the
year, but check with the park to
find out which trails are ready
for horse traffic. You won't need
a backcountry permit to ride
your horse unless you are staying overnight in the backcountry. Horse-friendly backcountry
campsites are limited, so make
your reservation before April 1
to increase the odds of getting
your first choice.
Trusty Mount
Let your trusty, trail-experienced mount do the
work, leaving you free to look around and
enjoy the natural beauty of Yellowstone
National Park. Horses are less likely to spook
wildlife than people approaching on foot, so
with luck you can get a close-up look at bison,
elk and other wildlife the park is famous for.
Whether you want to bring your own trailsavvy horse or ride an experienced mount
familiar with the park, you'll find a variety of
options to suit your tastes and time frame.
Ride a Park Horse
There are manyParks,Resorts,and Outfitters
that provide and run activities for Yellowstone,
including one- and two-hour horse rides leaving from the Canyon, Mammoth and TowerRoosevelt areas. Ride through meadows,
forests and along creeks on rides that leave in
the morning, during midday or in early
evening. You must be less than 240 pounds to
ride one of the park's sure-footed mounts, and
kids younger than 8 years old or shorter than
4 feet tall can't saddle up.
10 • June 2015
Horsen Around Magazine
www.equinemonthly.com
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For longer rides, saddle up with an outfitter
licensed to operate at Yellowstone. The outfitters offer trail rides ranging from one hour to
several days. The Thorofare pack trip by
Yellowstone Wilderness Outfitters covers
more than 80 miles over the course of six
days. If you like to fish, the trip can include
some fly-fishing, which is best in July. You'll
see an abundance of wildlife on the pack trips,
as well as panoramic scenery, so be sure to
bring your camera. Rates, trip lengths and
rider requirements vary between outfitters, so
compare outfitters listed on the national park
website.
A mere moment in the
saddle = lifetime of memories
lupine and splashes of yellow balsamroot.
Later on, as the season turns to summer new
flowers will create another palette of colors.
The horses seem content, knowing this trail
and ready for a break anytime.
A personal glimpse into a day on the
Yellowstone trail
Mounted up and ready to go we start down a
gentle trail. Feeling the solid motion of the
horse underneath me. The pace and sway of
his stride while walking is gently mesmerizing.
On a blue-sky day, the air is clear and crisp. I
see a thousand shades of green as springtime
unfolds in the landscape. Willow, sagebrush,
and quaking aspen flutter in the breeze. In the
distance, a larger canvas of evergreens, pine,
spruce, and fir provide the mountain backdrop
to complete my view. I am entranced with the
day and the experience and soak it all up. I
close my eyes and feel the warm sun on my
back, tug on the reins and ask my horse to get
back to walking rather than browsing, and we
both know this is the best place to be.
At the top of the rise we stop and dismount.
The horses are grazing close by as we take in
the views and break for lunch. The ravens
entertain us with their aerial play, swooping
and diving with the currents.
After a pleasant rest
we mount up again
and ride down the hillside, the horses pay
attention to the bony
trail careful not to
stumble. t levels out
when we reach the
river, and we break
into an easy lope. The
river meanders and
bends with crystal
clear water that is
calm and inviting, evidence that the raucous spring runoff is
slowing down.
Eventually we ride through two small stream
crossings where the willows are already
shoulder height and start a gradual climb. We
continue riding uphill through the sage meadows that offer purple larkspur, mountain
Trail Head
In another couple of miles we are back at the trailhead. I’ve saved an apple from lunch and feed it to
my horse, and give him a rub as he asks for more.
It’s the least way I can say thank you for a steady
ride and beautiful sights. The notion of a trail ride is
inviting, summer is short and sweet so it’s time to get
back in the saddle again.
ers
ne,
avwerws,
e in
arly
s to
and
han
www.equinemonthly.com
Horsen Around Magazine
June 2015
•
11
equine health
West Nile Virus
Preventing the transmission of Cephalomyelitis
Continued from Horsen’ Around March 2015
Start thinking now about protecting yourself and
your horse from West Nile virus, says a Kansas
State University veterinarian Beth Davis, professor
and head of the equine medicine and surgery section at the College of Veterinary Medicine's
Veterinary Health Center. "We look to species like
horses to help give us some insight into how likely
humans are to have problems with the virus, but
it's important to recognize that different sorts of
weather patterns create a high risk for mosquitoes
to transmit the disease not only to horses, but also
to potentially make humans sick," Davis said.
West Nile is an encephalitic disease, which means
it causes inflammation of the central nervous system, specifically around the brain. It's a virally
induced disease that is transferred to horses and
humans through mosquito bites from infected mosquitoes. So far, eight states have reported West Nile
virus infections in mosquitoes, birds or veterinary
animals. Mississippi has reported one human case.
Davis says the peak season for infection is mid to
late summer, during the warmer months. That's why
it's important to start prevention methods now to be
protected by July. West Nile virusinnoculation is a
“core vaccine” for horses, recommended by the
American Association of Equine Practitioners.
Four U.S. Department of Agriculture-licensed
equine vaccines are available. Initial vaccination
requires a series of two to three vaccines, depending on the age of the horse, and is then followed by
annual boosters. Vaccine efficacy depends on
horse owners working with their veterinarians to
establish proper protocols, Davis said.
Another protection tip is to eliminate all sources of
standing water, which are breeding grounds for
mosquitoes. "Eliminate things like old tires, boats
with tarps on them and rain gutters that may hold
water," Davis said. "Birdbaths are areas where
there is going to be standing water, so clean them
at least once a week. For other areas that you
can't eliminate standing water, like water troughs
for livestock, put mosquito-eating fish in the tanks.
Minnows and goldfish will eat any of the eggs that
have been laid by mosquitoes and will minimize
the mosquito replication." The onset of clinical
signs for Equine West Nile virus is often sudden,
with the progression occurring over the following
two to four days. "Clinical signs of West Nile virus
can vary quite a bit in horses," Davis said. "Mild
forms of it may be a fever or a change in attitude
for a few days. Most commonly, we do see it
progress to where the horse has neurological
signs, which could be a quite dramatic change in
temperament or behavior. The disease is fatal to
horses in about a third of the cases where clinical
signs are apparent, although some horses do not
become ill and show no signs at all. But horses
that do become ill often display a period where
they're not eating properly or they seem like
they're not quite with it. Clinical signs may include:
Ataxia (incoordination) loss of appetite, fever, stiffness, muscle-twitching, stumbling, partial paralysis
with the inability to stand up or changes in their gait,
neurologic signs may include head-pressing or control functions in their head, like eye movement and
their ability to chew and swallow properly to convul12 • June 2015
Horsen Around Magazine
sions and possibly death. To reduce the risk,
USDA advises owners to keep horses indoors during the peak mosquito activity times of dawn and
dusk, eliminate any sources of standing water nearby and even check areas where rain water may
accumulate, like old tires or bird baths. It also helps
to refresh the water in water troughs weekly. If you
suspect your horse has been infected with West
Nile virus, call a veterinarian immediately.
West Nile virus (WNV) is
the leading cause of
“arbovirus encephalitis” in
horses and humans in the
United States. According to
AAEP
Vaccination
Guidelines, nearly 25,000
cases of equine WNV
encephalitis have been
reported in the United
States since 1999.
As of 2015, this virus has
been identified in the entire
continental United States,
most of Canada and
Mexico. The virus is transmitted from avian reservoir
hosts by mosquitoes to
horses, humans and a
number of other mammals.
The case fatality rate for
horses exhibiting clinical signs of WNV infection is
approximately 33 percent. According to AAEP,
there is data showing that 40 percent of horses
that survive the acute illness caused by WNV still
exhibit residual effects, such as gait and behavioral abnormalities, six months post-diagnosis.
The above story is based on materials provided
by Kansas State University. Note: Materials may
be edited for content and length. Science Daily.
Science Daily, 19 June 2014.
www.sciencedaily.com
Kansas State University. "Horse care:
Start mosquito protection methods now,
veterinarians urge."
www.equinemonthly.com
Continued from page 9:
DO YOUR PART, by modeling appropriate
behavior, leaving the area better than you
found it, properly disposing of waste, minimizing the use of fire, avoiding the spread of
invasive species and restoring degraded
areas.
• Pack out what you pack in. Carry a trash
bag and pick up litter left by others.
• Practice minimum impact camping by
using established sites and camping 200
feet from water resources and trails.
• When selecting a campsite, first consider
your horses; the site should accommodate
them without damaging the area.
• Inspect grazing opportunities before making camp.
• Use yards, paddocks and hitching rails
where provided.
• Use hitchlines, hobbles and staking to confine animals. Erect hitchlines in rocky areas
with established trees and use straps or tree
savers to protect bark.
• If you use temporary corrals, move the
enclosures twice daily.
• When breaking camp, remove or scatter
manure, remove excess hay and straw and
fill areas dug up by animal hooves.
• Repackage snacks and food in baggies.
This reduces weight and amount of trash to
carry out.
• Observe proper sanitary waste disposal or
pack your waste out.
• Bring pellets, grain or weed-free hay to
areas where feed is limited or grazing is not
allowed. This helps reduce the spread of
invasive species.
• Wash your gear and support vehicle and
check your animal before and after every
ride to avoid the spread of invasive species.
www.equinemonthly.com
Horsen Around Magazine
June 2015
•
13
The Minnesota Thoroughbred Association
Elected officers for 2015 at a meeting
of the organizations Board of directors. Returning as President for a third
consecutive term is Jay Dailey,
Mankato, MN. Mary Green, Eden
Prairie, MN, was re-elected VicePresident while Mary Malkerson,
Shakopee, MN, and Scott Rake, Elko,
MN, were re-elected as Secretary and
Treasurer, respectively.
“I’m honored to be chosen to lead the
MTA again this year,” Dailey said. “As
racing in Minnesota continues to grow
and our breeding industry continues to
revive I’m sure that there will be challenges on the horizon, but this is a
good board and the organization continues to get stronger.”
Concluding their 3-year terms were
board members Ted Grevelis, Tom
Aguilera and Rod Zimmerman. Their
seats were filled by owner/breeder
Dale Borchers, Princeton, MN; owner
of B&D Thoroughbreds, John
DeMaria, Hayfield, MN, and breeder
Mark Zamzow, Scandia, MN.
“While we will miss the contributions of
our outgoing board members and
thank them for their past service.
Minnesota Trail
Riders Association
Is excited to offer a number of educational opportunities, featuring a variety of industry experts, for owners
of all levels! Whether you are just thinking about owning your first racehorse or have been in the business for
decades, we hope you’ll take advantage of these seminars! Where else can you spend “summer school”
learning about the Thoroughbred breeding and racing
industry, with free tuition?
June 27th - 8:00 a.m. - Canterbury Park Grandstand
Silks Bar. Please enter through the Valet/Card Club
entrance.
What’s better than “A Morning at the Track”? Join us
for coffee and doughnuts in Silks Bar and watch morning works from the deck. We plan to have someone
available, on horseback, to give us a “play by play” of
the “who’s who” working that morning. If time and
schedule allow, we’ll have George Moncrief,
Canterbury’s Track Superintendent, possibly a Steward
or two, perhaps a Clocker and other key track personnel join us to explain how their job plays a critical role
in every race and workout at Canterbury Park. We plan
to end the seminar with a trip to the starting gate to
learn more about what happens in the seconds before
the gates open!
July 19th, 10:00 a.m. - Canterbury Park, location TBD
Mike Ziegler, Executive Director of Racing at Churchill
Downs, will join the MTA as our guest speaker. According
to a Churchill Down’s press release, “Mike has long been
a credible and knowledgeable voice within the racing
industry and we look forward to him bringing his wisdom
and insight as he takes on this new role at CDI. The
industry is continuously changing and bringing new challenges, and Mike’s role will be important to the continued
success of our company’s racing operations and its legacy,” Bill Mudd, CDI’s President and CFO, said. Ziegler
comes to CDI with nearly 20 years of industry experience. He has served since 2009 as the Executive
Director - Safety & Integrity Alliance for the National
Thoroughbred Racing Association (NTRA) where he has
overseen self-regulatory efforts to enact substantive
improvements in safety and integrity in the racing industry. Prior to his work at the NTRA, Mike served as
Senior Vice President for YouBet.com (2008-09), Vice
President for Hollywood Park Racing Association
(2005-08), Vice President and General Manager for
Bay Meadows Racing Association (2004-08), Vice
President for Bay Meadows Operating Company
Properties (1995-2008), and Vice President and
General Manager for Santa Anita Park (2001-04). He
was also the Executive Director for the Thoroughbred
Aftercare Alliance from 2012-13.
August 1st, 10:00 a.m. - Canterbury Park - location
TBD
This seminar is scheduled for just over two
weeks before the MTA’s Yearling & Mixed Age Sale! It’s
the perfect time to learn more about what it takes to be
successful in purchasing a Thoroughbred racehorse.
The seminar will focus on evaluating pedigrees,
assessing conformation, learning what is required
when purchasing at a sale, finding out who can you
look to for assistance and how to find other individuals
who may be interested in partnerships on a yearling
purchase. The MTA Sale is a perfect opportunity to find
a great Minnesota-bred yearling as the first horse in
your racing stable or an exciting addition to other horses you may already own. Plans are being finalized in
terms of who our guest speakers will be, but it’s safe to
say that they have made very significant and very successful purchases in the past!
As you can see, we have an exciting line-up of seminars for 2015! Each seminar is free and open to the
public so feel free to bring your friends and family!
Each seminar will include an opportunity for attendees to ask questions, so please come prepared!
Call or email to reserve your place for any & all
seminars!
952-233-4802 or [email protected]
MTRA is composed of
horse enthusiasts dedicated to the
development and maintenance of
horse trails and campgrounds.
$30 Membership includes
Newsletter Subscription
Mail to: MTRA
P.O. Box 984
Burnsville MN
55337-0984
and visit us at
www.mntrailriders.com
Help Support Minnesota Trails
14 • June 2015
Horsen Around Magazine
www.equinemonthly.com
Women and Men
Do they ride differently?
Horses cannot tell the difference
Scientists have analyzed how horses are affected by the sex of their riders.
Various parameters of stress were determined in horses and their riders
when they covered an obstacle course. The results were surprising: the
level of stress on a horse is independent of whether a man or a woman is
in the saddle. Furthermore, the stress responses of male and female riders
are essentially the same.
ALL BREED
REGISTERED HORSE
Horses seem to be truly gender-neutral. It doesn't matter to them if their
human partner is female or male. Scientists at the Vetmeduni in Vienna
have analysed how horses are affected by the sex of their riders. Various
parameters of stress were determined in horses and their riders when
they covered an obstacle course. The results were surprising: the level of
stress on a horse is independent of whether a man or a woman is in the
saddle. Furthermore, the stress responses of male and female riders are
essentially the same. The results have been published in the Journal of
Comparative Exercise Physiology.
For centuries, horse riding was largely restricted to males. The previous situation is in stark contrast to the present day, when nearly 80 percent of riders are women. Modern-day equestrian sports are unique in that men and
women compete directly against one another at all levels, from beginners
in gymkhanas to national champions in the Olympic Games. "For this reason it is interesting to consider whether a theory of riding that was developed exclusively for men can be applied to women," explains Natascha Ille,
the first author of the recent publication. A rider is a rider
As Ille notes, "It is often assumed that women are more sensitive towards
their horses than men. If this is so, male and female riders should elicit
different types of response from their horses." Ille, Christine Aurich and
colleagues from the Vetmeduni Vienna´s Graf Lehndorff Institute tested
this notion by examining eight horses and sixteen riders, including eight
men and eight women. Each horse had to jump a standard course of
obstacles twice, ridden once by a male and once by a female of similar
equestrian experience. The scientists monitored the levels of stress in the
horses and their riders, checking the amounts of cortisol in the saliva and
the heart rates.
The results were unexpected. The level of cortisol in horses' saliva
increased during the test but the increase was not affected by the sex of the
rider. The horses' heart rates also increased as a result of taking the course
but the increase was irrespective of the human partner in the saddle. The
tests on the riders gave similar conclusions. Again, the level of cortisol in
the saliva increased but there was no difference between men and women.
The riders' pulses sped up when the horses switched from a walk to a canter and accelerated further during the jumping course. But the heart rate
curves for male and female riders were close to identical.
The distribution of saddle pressure is the same for male and female riders
In a second experiment, Ille and her colleagues studied the pressure
exerted on a horse's back via the saddle. As she explains, "Depending on
the rider's posture and position, the pattern of pressure on the horse's
back may change dramatically." A special pad placed directly under the
saddle was used to analyse saddle pressure in walk, trot and canter.
Because female riders are generally lighter than males, the saddle pressure was lower when horses were ridden by females. However, the distribution of pressure did not differ and there was no evidence of differences
in the riding posture between males and females.
A fair chance for all
So what does all this mean
for modern equestrian riders ?
www.equinemonthly.com
G
LIN
SEL300
D
HEA
SEL
LI
300 NG
HEA
D
Tuesday, June 9, 2015
SPECIAL TACK SALE - 10 a.m.
Selling complete inventory of western tack, also selling 75 NEW
Saddles, including: Billy Cook, Circle Y, Saddlesmith, and RS
Custom Ranch Saddlery. A truckload of new tack at wholesale
prices. Dealers invited - bargains for everyone.
HAY SALE - Noon
SPECIAL HORSE SALE - 1 or 2 p.m.
Selling registered and grade horses of all breeds followed by
loose horses. Consign your horses early - they will be sold in
order consigned. If you have stock to sell, we will have eastern
and western buyers, plus foreign buyers. This sale has proven to
be Minnesota’s largest summer sale - plan to be here!
NO CATALOG FEE – 8% COMMISSION – $25 NO SALE FEE
SALE HELD AT:
SIMON ARENA
Cannon Falls, MN 507-263-4200
Owned & Operated by Jim & Ryon Simon
BRING YOUR BEST – WE’LL DO THE REST
Aurich is keen to reassure potential competitors that horses are truly
gender-neutral. As she puts it, "Assuming that there is no difference in riding ability, from the horse's point of view, it does not seem to matter
whether the human partner is male or female. Our results make it
extremely unlikely that horses have a preference for riders of one sex
over the other. , all of them have similar chances of doing well."
Story Source: materials provided by Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien. Note: Materials may
be edited
for content.
Horsen Around Magazine
June 2015
•
15
2015 CALENDAR OF EVENTS
Inclusion of your event in our calendar is free! Include the date and name of the event, where it will be held including city and state, a contact person, phone, email or website for more information. Email us (subject line: EVENT)
[email protected] or call office 715-695-3976 by the 5th of the month preceding the issue date.
June
July
6 - Minnesota Trail Riders Association MNTRA- NATIONAL TRAILS DAY WORK DAY
ZUMBRO BOTTOMS MN Mark Fitting 507-273-5883 or [email protected].
6-7 - MCHA-AQHA Days Windom Arena- Winona, MN www.mncutting.com
12-14 - MN High School Rodeo State Finals- Hugo, MN www.mnhsrodeo.com
20 - 7th Annual (WILD WEST SHOW www.wildcreekentertainers.com) -Richmond, MN El Rancho Camping reservations
CALL 320-597-2740
21-27 MN National Junior High Finals- Des Moines, IA www.mnhsrodeo.com
26-28 Minnesota Cutting Horse Association (MCHA) Winona MN Equestrian Center
www.mncutting.com
3-5
Hay Chix Challenge- Hinckley, MN www.proliteworldchallenge.com
12-18 National High School Finals- Rock Springs, WY www.mnhsrodeo.com
17-18 Mid-America Paso Fino Horse Association (MAPFHA) Fun Show-St Croix Falls, WI / Face book for more details
17-19 Minnesota Cutting Horse Association (MCHA) Windom Arena- Winona, MN www.mncutting.com
23-26 MN Challenge Speed Horse Expo- MN State Fairgrounds www.proliteworldchallenge.com
August
8-9 (tentative)MNHSRA Region 3- Lake Elmo, MN www.mnhsrodeo.com
21-23 Minnesota Cutting Horse Association (MCHA) Winona MN Equestrian Center www.mncutting.com
22-23 (tentative)MNHSRA Region 5- Buffalo, MN www.mnhsrodeo.com
31-1 Minnesota Cutting Horse Association (MCHA)-MN State Fair Cutting in the Ag Star Building www.mncutting.com
MIDWEST CREMATION
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GOODBYE TO YOUR
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16 • June 2015
763-753-5510
September
5-7 (tentative)MNHSRA Region 4- Marshall, MN
www.mnhsrodeo.com
19-20 Minnesota Cutting Horse Association (MCHA)
Winona MN Equestrian Center www.mncutting.com
October
9-11 Minnesota Cutting Horse Association (MCHA)
Winona MN Equestrian Center www.mncutting.com
Always Remember to
confirm before you
haul.
Horsen Around Magazine
www.equinemonthly.com
Equine Pasture Management Program
University of Minnesota
A well-managed pasture can meet the nutrient requirements of most horses,
resulng in less money spent on hay and grain. A properly managed pasture also
promotes overall horse health by minimizing the risk of colic, laminis and
ingeson of toxic plants, and reduces environmental concerns such as erosion.
Since 2011, the University of Minnesota has been offering a fee-based pasture
management program aimed at opmizing the use of Minnesota and Wisconsin
horse pastures. Based on evaluaons, many parcipants repor! eeding less hay
and extending their grazing season a"er only one year.
Par cipa on in the program includes:
• One farm visit from a University of Minnesota equine specialist
• Area soil map, soil analysis, and ferlity recommendaons
• Forage quality analysis (if possible) and plant species idenficaon
• Poisonous plant idenficaon and weed control recommendaons
• Manure management recommendaons
• Overall facilies assessment
• A customized pasture and grazing management plan
• Phone and e-mail support
• Supporng University factsheets and supplemental informaon
• Cost is $650 per farm
• Program is limited to 15 horse farms in central and eastern MN and western WI
Register online at:
www.regonline.com/EquinePastureManag2015
by August 1, 2015.
For ques ons, contact Krishona at:
[email protected] or 612-625-6776
www.equinemonthly.com
Horsen Around Magazine
June 2015
•
17
addition to training tips, news, and ideas, we
hope to provide you with the best and most
accurate horse information we can find, all
timed perfectly for the seasons and all intended to help you enjoy your horses as much as
we enjoy ours.
For a sample of the kind of fun and educational stories we will publish, you may have
already read Karissa Hunter’s introduction to
barefoot trimming for the horse in our May
issue and her tips regarding deworming your
horse in this issue on page 6. We hope you
enjoy her knowledge as much as we do.
Welcome to the new Equine Monthly! If
you’re reading this, then it’s certain you are a
valued and dedicated reader or advertiser
and most likely someone we’d like to invite in
for dinner. Since we can’t cook dinner for all
our wonderful patrons, we want to make sure
that the time you spend reading Equine
Monthly is time well spent, and that you
came away each month learning something
new, helpful, and maybe even inspiring.
We are both lifelong residents of Wisconsin,
carry a deep love for horses, a love instilled
through family activities, family involvement
in the equine industry, and plenty of family
stories revolving around our own adventures
with horses throughout our lives. We hope to
share some of your stories and knowledge
with our readers as well as introduce you to
exciting equine industry trends, share accurate information on equipment, feeding,
health care, and even legislation that may
affect your decisions as a horse owner. In
Whatever your preferred discipline, we hope
you find information that is interesting and
beneficial for you within our pages each
month. Keep watching for updates happening
to our new website also, with links to our sponsors and interactive information linked to our
articles to help make your horse experience
richer and more fulfilling. If you have ideas for
upcoming issues, a story you’d like to share or
an idea that our readers would benefit from,
we’d love to hear from you. In the meantime,
thank you for your continued loyalty. We both
look forward to providing you with the very
best equine resource magazine in the
Midwest.
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For comments or questions in general
please feel free to get in touch with us at
either [email protected] or
call us directly (715)695-3976.
Sincerely,
Chris & Dawn
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Send this form and check to: Equine Monthly, PO Box 217, Osseo, WI.54758
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18 • June 2015
Horsen Around Magazine
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