Tegniese | Technical - South African Table Grape Industry

Tegniese | Technical
Bulletin
JUNE / JULY 2016
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Boodskap van die Uitvoerende Hoof
Research
Technical
Information
Market Development
Industry Communication
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BOODSKAP VAN DIE UITVOERENDE HOOF
UIT DIE KANTOOR VAN
Willem Bestbier
MARKTOEGANG DRYF SATI 4-JAAR PLAN
SATI het so pas sy nuwe 4-Jaar Besigheidsplan en die befondsing
daarvan aan alle Suid-Afrikaanse tafeldruiwe produsente in die vorm
van ’n referendum voorgelê en oorweldigende steun daarvoor gekry.
Stemme is volgens volumes van die 2014/2015 seisoen geweeg,
deur ons eksterne ouditeurs, Mazars, nagegaan en het die volgende
resultate gelewer:
• Deelname
= 80.4% (stempersentasie)
• JA stem
= 97.7%
Hierdie resultaat is beduidend beter as in die verlede en word deur
die SATI Direksie en Bestuur as ’n sterk mandaat aanvaar.
In die voorlegging aan die Nasionale Landboubemarkingsraad
(“NAMC”) is die kritiese bydrae wat die tafeldruiwe bedryf tot SuidAfrika se Nasionale Ontwikkelingsplan (“NDP”) kan lewer, uitgelig.
Ons bedryf is by uitstek geposisioneer om die volgende bydrae in
hierdie verband te lewer:
• Werkskepping - ons kan kwalik op plaas- en pakhuisvlak
beduidend verder meganiseer.
• Landelike ontwikkeling - ons bedryf bestaan uit klein- tot
mediumgrootte besighede versprei dwarsdeur Suid-Afrika se
landelike gebiede.
• Buitelandse valuta verdienste - ons voer sowat 95% van ons
totale produksie uit (heelwaarskynlik die hoogste van alle
landbousektore).
Op strategiese vlak bied ons dus ons bedryf aan as ’n sleutelvennoot
van die regering.
Ten einde hierdie bydraes te lewer, is dit krities belangrik dat ons
bedryf vanaf ’n kompeterende, winsgewende en volhoubare basis
moet groei. In hierdie verband is dit dus deurslaggewend dat ons
nuwe markte vir ons produk moet bekom en bestaande markte moet
beskerm en optimeer.
Tydens die bekendstelling van die besigheidsplan in elk van die 5
produksiestreke is die onderskeie portefeuljes en die fokuspunte
van elk uitgelig. Kollektief moet hierdie aktiwiteite uitvoering gee
aan SATI se visie dat “Suid-Afrika die voorkeur land van oorsprong
vir tafeldruiwe moet wees en dat aan elke tafeldruif produsent die
wydste moontlike keuse van winsgewende markte aangebied moet
word”.
Daarom is Marktoegang die enkel belangrikste drywer in al
SATI se programme en werksaamhede. Baie aktiwiteite in verskeie
ander SATI programme (portefeuljes), byvoorbeeld Navorsing en
Tegnologie Oordrag, Kommunikaise en Belanghebber Bestuur en
Tegniese Ondersteuning word dus ook op marktoegang toegespits
en daardeur gerig. Indien dit ingereken word, is Marktoegang
die area waarop die meeste gefokus en spandeer sal word in die
komende 4-jaar siklus. Konserwatief bereken sal die verdeling in die
spandering van fondse oor die 8 portefeuljes as volg daaruitsien:
10%
4%
27%
5%
Marktoegang
Inligting
Tegnies
Navorsing & Tegnologie Oordrag
Transformasie
20%
Finansies & Administrasie
Kommunikasie
23%
9%
2%
Opleiding
“Hierdie resultaat is beduidend
beter as in die verlede en word
deur die SATI Direksie en Bestuur
as ’n sterk mandaat aanvaar.”
Marktoegang sal
dus die grootste
allokering van
fondse kry
en word gevolg deur Navorsing en Tegnologie Oordrag. Dit is
eweneens getrou aan ons oortuiging dat die wenvoorspronge in die
mark bykans sonder uitsondering tegnologie-gedrewe is. ’n Goeie
voorbeeld hiervan is die teling en evaluering van nuwe kultivars.
ENKELE NUWE EN/OF UITGEBREIDE INISIATIEWE:
• ’n Meer intensiewe en versnelde program om nuwe marktoegang
te kry en bestaande markte te beskerm en te optimaliseer.
• Skep van addisionele kapasiteit by die Departement Landbou
(“DAFF”) deur die sekondering van spesialis personeel na
sleutelfunksies, in samewerking met ons Fruit South Africa
vennote.
• Voorsien taktiese verteenwoordiging in die belangrikste uitvoer
teiken markte.
• Vergroot die kapasiteit van die bedryf se PRA-eenheid (“Pest Risk
Assessment”) ten einde marktoegang aansoeke en fito-santêre
uitdagings die hoof te bied.
• Fasiliteer en ondersteun ’n toepaslike en meer vrug-vriendelike
koue-steri protokol vir spesiale markte.
• Ontwikkeling van ’n uitgebreide sanitêre, fito-sanitêre en biosekuriteit strategie en gepaardgaande operasionele plan. Die
proses moet ondersteun word deur die uitbreiding van landswye
monitering sowel as beheerstrukture en bedryfstelsels.
• Implementering van ’n bedryfsgedrewe kultivar evalueringstelsel
en ’n program vir die versnelde vrystelling van nuwe kommersieel
belowende kultivars.
• Nuwe transformasie inisiatiewe en struktuur op raads- en
streeksvlakke.
• Ontwikkel en onderhou ’n “Virtual Help-Desk” as ’n besigheid
adviesdiens ter ondersteuning van bedryfs- en streeksbemagtigingsinisiatiewe.
• Verbeterde kennis en oordrag van na-oes kundigheid (verpakking
en koueketting bestuur) in lyn met beste internasionale praktyke.
• Ontwikkeling van ’n meer omvattende en -tydige inligtingsbasis
en -stelsels ter ondersteuning van strategiese en taktiese
besluitneming in die tafeldruif bedryf, veral ten opsigte van die
gesamentlike bemarkingsforums (“Table Grapes Joint Marketing
Forum”).
Hiervoor word beduidend meer fondse benodig en graag wil ek alle
tafeldruiprodusente van harte bedank vir hul ondersteuning van die
nuwe 4-Jaar Plan. Intussen het die 2015/2016 seisoen einde April
redelik stomp tot ’n einde gekom en uiteindelik verras met die finale
inname van 57.95 miljoen kartonne. Dit is maar sowat 2.4% minder as
die rekord 2014/2015 inname en sowat 5.5% laer as die oorspronkilke
oesskatting van 61.3 miljoen kartonne. Lees gerus die seisoensoorsig
in hierdie uitgawe wat volledig verslag doen oor die verloop van die
oes oor tyd en per streek.
Dit was ’n uitdagende seisoen waartydens veral moeder natuur
vele uitdagings gebied het. Marktoestande en ’n paar ander sleutel
ekonomiese drywers het egter meegebring dat die vergoeding
vir harde harde werk billik was. Binne die konteks van landbou in
Suid-Afrika kan ons as bedryf met dankbaarheid terugkyk na die
2015/2016 seisoen.
Vriendelike groete en mag daar ’n welverdiende blaaskans na die pas
afgelope, uitdagende seisoen wees.
Willem Bestbier
SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN | 1
SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN
IDENTIFIKASIE, BEHEER EN BESTUUR VAN WINGERD-MARGARODES
INLEIDING
Margarodes is ’n insekplaag wat ondergronds voorkom en die wortels
van plante aanval. Die naam is afkomstig van die familienaam
Margarodidae waaronder hierdie tipe dopluise resorteer. Die
larwe wat die wortels aanval skei ‘n harde, glansagtige waslaag af
waarmee die hele liggaam bedek word om ’n sist te vorm wat rond
of ovaalvormig is. Die verskillende spesies varieer in kleur sowel
as grootte. In die Bahamas word die siste soos krale ingeryg om
halssnoere te vorm, vandaar die algemene naam van “grondpêrels”.
Ongeveer 70 spesies van Margarodes kom feitlik oor die hele wêreld
voor met ’n baie wye reeks gasheerplante. Die spesies wat wingerd
aanval kom egter slegs in Amerika, Suid-Afrika en Namibië voor.
Twee van die drie spesies wat in Amerika voorkom en ekonomiese
skade aanrig is Margarodes vitis in Chili en Margarodes brasiliensis in
Brasilië. In Suid-Afrika is tien spesies bekend waarvan vyf wingerd
aanval en die res kom meestal op grasse voor. Ernstige skade word
op tafel-, droog- en wyndruiwe aangerig. (De Klerk, 1985; De Klerk et
al, 1985(a); De Klerk et al, 1985(b))
IDENTIFIKASIE EN VERSPREIDING
(De Klerk, 1983; De Klerk, 1985; De Klerk et al, 1985(a))
Die vyf Margarodes spesies wat plaaslik op wingerd voorkom is almal
inheems en kom nie in ander lande voor nie behalwe Margarodes
prieskaensis wat onlangs op tafeldruiwe in Namibië gevind is. Die
siste kom gedurende die hele jaar voor en kan enige tyd met die
blote oog op die wortels of los in die grond waargeneem word.
Margarodes greeni Brain is klein (maks. 2,5 mm), rond met ’n sagte
sist wand en wit van kleur. Dit kan maklik met kunsmiskorrels of
selfs slakeiers verwar word. Die spesie kom in die omgewing van
Vredendal, Malmesbury, Ceres, Paarl, Stellenbosch, Worcester,
Robertson en Montagu voor.
Margarodes trimeni Giard is redelik groot (maks. 6.3mm), ovaalvormig,
baie hard met duidelike skubbe wat mekaar oorvleuel. Die buitenste
lae is glad, geel tot brons en is die enigste van die Suid-Afrikaanse
spesies met ’n helder metaalagtige glans. Dit is ook die enigste
spesie wat ovaalvormig is. Hierdie spesie kom in die omgewing van
Paarl, Stellenbosch, Worcester, Robertson, Montagu en Ceres voor.
Margarodes capensis (Giard) se siste is rond en wissel in grootte tot ’n
maksimum van 6,3 mm. Die sistwand is dik en hard met ’n basagtige
voorkoms en ligbruin van kleur. Hierdie spesie kom algemeen in
wingerde voor in die omgewing van Malmesbury, Paarl, Stellenbosch,
Worcester, Robertson en Montagu.
Margarodes vredendalensis De Klerk kom slegs in die
Olifantsrivierbesproeïngsgebied naby Vredendal en Lutzville voor.
Die siste is rond en wissel in grootte tot ’n maksimum van 8,6 mm.
Die wande is hard, lig- tot donkerbruin en die buitenste oppervlakte
is grof en lyk soos die oppervlakte van ’n vrat.
Margarodes prieskaensis (Jakubski) kom algemeen in die
Oranjerivierbesproeïngsgebied by Kakamas, Keimoes, Upington,
Groblershoop, Prieska, Douglas en Hopetown voor. Dié spesie is
ook onlangs op tafeldruiwe in Mpumalanga in die omgewing van
Lephalale (Ellisras), Mokopane (Potgietersrus) en Groblersdal gevind
sowel as in die suide van Namibië naby Noordoewer. Die siste is
sferies en wissel in grootte tot ’n maksimum van 6,0 mm. Die wande
is dik en hard met ’n dowwe geel kleur en lyk soos die dop van ’n
skilpad.
Margarodes kom dus in feitlik alle wingerdbou gebiede in Suid-Afrika
voor en ernstige skade word deur al vyf spesies aangerig.
LEWENSLOOP
(De Klerk, 1980; De Klerk et al, 1980; De Klerk et al, 2007)
Die larwe (nimf ) wat binne die sist voorkom het geen pote nie en
kan dus nie rondbeweeg nie. Dit het wel lang suiende monddele
wat deur ‘n gaatjie in die sistwand gesteek word om die wortels te
penetreer vir voeding. Die monddele is baie prominent en in die
meeste spesies is dit selfs langer as die hele liggaam.
2 | SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN
Binne die sist ontwikkel die larwe tot ‘n volwasse wyfie wat ‘n opening
in die wand van die sist maak en na buite beweeg. Die wyfies het
kenmerkend sterk voorpote wat spesiaal aangepas is om in die
grond te beweeg. Hulle beweeg vir twee tot vier dae aktief in die
grond rond, bly daarna op een plek en begin met eierlegging. Tydens
eierlegging word talle wit wasdrade afgeskei wat ‘n eierpakkie vorm
om die eiers te beskerm. Die gemiddelde leeftyd van wyfies is 24 dae
en tot 1200 eiers kan per enkele wyfie geproduseer word.
Die larwes wat uit die eiers broei is mikroskopies klein en besit pote
om na die naaste wortels te beweeg waar hul suiende monddele
in die plantweefsel gesteek word vir voeding. Daarna word die
vrylewende larwe ronder en dikker en begin om lae was af te skei wat
die wande van die sist vorm. Dit vervel om ‘n tweede instar larwe
sonder pote binne die sist te vorm. Op hierdie stadium is die sist
slegs so groot soos ‘n speld se kop. Daarna word die sist al groter en
die larwe vervel ‘n onbekende aantal kere om weer ‘n volwasse wyfie
te vorm. Die tydsduur vir die hele proses is onbekend, maar dit blyk
dat dit nie binne een jaar voltooi word nie. Margarodes kan dus slegs
op meerjarige gewasse aanteel.
Wyfies bly ondergronds en lê vrugbare eiers sonder paring met
mannetjies. In die geval van M. prieskaensis vind paring wel plaas met
gevleuelde mannetjies wat bogronds voorkom. Manlike pre-papies
ontwikkel uit siste en lyk baie soos die wyfies met goed ontwikkelde
pote. Hul beweeg tot net onder die oppervlakte en vervel om ‘n papie
te vorm. Wanneer wyfies uit die siste ontwikkel beweeg hul ook na
die oppervlakte. Terselfdertyd ontwikkel gevleuelde mannetjies
uit die papies en paring vind plaas. Daarna vrek die mannetjies en
die wyfies beweeg weer af in die grond om hul eiers op of naby die
wortels te lê.
SIMPTOME EN BEPALING VAN ’N BESMETTING
(De Klerk, 1983; De Klerk et al, 1982(b); De Klerk et al, 1982)
Die eerste simptome van ’n Margarodes besmetting is swak groei
wat gewoonlik in kolle binne ’n wingerdblok voorkom. Die lote
word korter en dunner met kleiner blare wat na onder krul en later
gaan een of meer arms van die stok dood en later die hele stok. Die
besmette kolle word geleidelik groter en stokke kan binne vier jaar
gedood word. Geen tipiese simptome kom voor nie en die swak
groei kan dus ook wees as gevolg van filloksera, aalwurms of ander
organismes.
Geen kenmerkende galle of ander simptome kom op die wortels voor
nie. Soos reeds genoem, is die siste wat op die wortels voorkom of los
in die grond lê, maklik met die blote oog waarneembaar. Indien die
siste stukkend gedruk word, kom slegs ‘n geel vloeistof tevoorskyn en
die larwe binne die sist kan nie met die blote oog waargeneem word
nie. Siste kan tot 1,2 m diep in die grond voorkom, met die hoogste
populasie waar die meeste wortels gekonsentreerd is.
Wyfies wissel in kleur van vaalwit tot geel en groot variasie in grootte
kom selfs binne dieselfde spesie voor. Die grootte van wyfies wissel
van 3mm tot 12mm. Wyfies van spesies wat nie paar nie kom vanaf
middel Desember tot einde Mei ondergronds voor. Met uitgrawings
gedurende hierdie periode is die wyfies sowel as die wit eierpakkies
maklik met die blote oog waarneembaar.
In die geval van M. prieskaensis wat in die Oranjerivierbesproeiingsgebied voorkom, kom wyfies baie opsigtelik op die
grondoppervlakte voor vanaf Junie
tot Augustus. Mannetjies
kom terselfdertyd voor maar is minder opsigtelik en lyk soos klein
swart muggies wat naby die grondoppervlakte vlieg of op die grond
loop. Die manlike pre-papies is gedurende April en Mei net onder die
grond-oppervlakte (ongeveer 2 cm) teenwoordig. Hulle ontwikkel
tot papies wat met wit wasdrade bedek is en is ook op hierdie diepte
duidelik waarneembaar vanaf April tot Mei.
CHEMIESE BEHEER
Met onlangse studies (De Klerk, 2010(a)) is gevind dat M. prieskaensis
baie goed beheer word met die volgende middels:
RESEARCH
Actara (thiamethozam) 25% suspensie konsentraat teen 2 ml/m²
Confidor (imidacloprid) 35% suspensie konsentraat teen 3 ml/m²
Telone II (dichloropropeen) 100% onverdun teen 15 ml/m²
Rugby (cadusafos) 10% emulsie teen 25 ml/m²
Actara en Confidor is sistemiese middels wat kort na oes as ‘n
gondbehandeling toegedien moet word wanneer die jaarlikse nuwe
populasie siste begin voed en translokasie in die stokke nog aktief
is. Aangesien slegs ‘n sekere persentasie siste jaarliks tot wyfies
ontwikkel en siste vir jare in die grond kan voorkom sonder om te
voed, (De Klerk, 1980), moet opvolg behandelings gedoen word.
Telone II is ‘n grondberokingsmiddel wat vir die beheer van M.
prieskaensis gedurende die eerste week van April toegedien moet
word om ook die manlike pre-papies te dood. Vir die beheer van
die ander spesies moet dit direk na oes toegedien word. Telone II is
fitotoksies en kan dus slegs gebruik word wanneer ‘n besmette blok
vervang moet word of wanneer enkele besmette stokke verwyder
kan word.
Goeie beheer van manlike pre-papies van M. prieskaensis is ook met
Rugby verkry deur toedienings gedurende die eerste week van April.
Swak beheer is egter teen wyfies verkry. Rugby sal dus nie vir beheer
van die ander Margarodes spesies aangewend kan word nie.
Actara en Confidor is geregistreer vir beheer van witluis op wingerd
terwyl Telone II en Rugby vir beheer van aalwurms geregistreer is. Nie
een van hierdie middels is egter tans vir beheer van Margarodes
op wingerd geregistreer nie en kan dus nie op hierdie stadium
aanbeveel word nie.
WEERSTANDBIEDENDE ONDERSTOKKE
Geen onderstok kultivar is tans bekend wat weerstandbiedend
teen Margarodes is nie. Dit is gevind dat 99 Richter, 101-14 Mgt en
Rupestris du Lot deur die insekte vernietig word (De Klerk, 2010(a)).
Coccoidea : Margarodidae) from South Africa. Phytophy-lactica 15, 85-93.
De Klerk, C.A., 1985. Occurrence of South African species of Margarodes Guilding
(Homoptera : Coccoidea : Margarodidae) with special reference to vine infesting
species. Phytophylactica 17 (4), 215-216.
4. De Klerk, C.A., 2010 (a). Chemical control of male pre-pupae and adult females
of Margarodes prieskaensis (Jakubski) (Coccoidea : Marga-rodidae) on grapevines. S.
Afr. J. Enol. Vitic. 31 (2), 160-164.
5. De Klerk, C.A., 2010 (b). Acacia erioloba : Natural host plant of Marga-rodes
prieskaensis in South Africa. Abstract of research poster delivered at the 32nd SASAV
congress, November 2010.
6. De Klerk, C.A., Ben-dov, Y & Giliomee, J.H., 1980. Biology of Margarodes capensis
Giard (Homoptera : Coccoidea : Margarodidae) under laboratory and controlled
conditions in South Africa. Phytophylactica 12 (3), 147-157.
7. De Klerk, C.A., Ben-dov, Y. & Giliomee, J.H., 1982 (a). Redescriptions of four vine
infesting species of Margarodes Guilding (Homoptera : Coc-coidea : Margarodidae)
from South Africa. Phytophylactica 14 (2), 61-73.
8. De Klerk, C.A., Ben-dov, Y. & Giliomee, J.H., 1982 (b). Redescriptions of three
Margarodes Guilding species (Homoptera : Coccoidea : Margaro-didae) found on
grasses in South Africa. Phytophylactica 14 (2), 77-83.
9. De Klerk, C.A., Giliomee, J.H. & Ben-Dov, Y., 1982. Biology of Margarodes capensis
Giard (Homoptera : Coccoidea : Margarodidae) under field conditions in South
Africa. Phytophylactica 14 (2), 85-93.
10. De Klerk, C.A. & Vermeulen, A.K., 2007. Life cycle of Margarodes prieskaensis
(Jakubski) (Homoptera : Coccoidea : Margarodidae) on table grapes in the Northern
Cape, South Africa. Extended abstract of research poster delivered at the 5th
International Table Grape Symposium, November 2007, pp 139-141.
3.
BEDANKINGS
LNR Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Winetech, Droëvrugte Tegniese Dienste,
Suid-Afrikaanse Tafeldruif Industrie vir finansiële ondersteuning
van verskeie navorsingsprojekte ten opsigte van die Margarodes
probleem. Mnr A. Vermeulen, LNR Infruitec-Nietvoorbij vir
gereelde bystand met fotografie vir publikasies en lesings.
BESTUUR
Margarodes kan maklik deur grondbewerkingsimplemente binne ‘n
wingerdblok of selfs na ander blokke versprei word. Trekkerbande
en ander implemente moet skoon gespuit word van grond wanneer
dit van besmette blokke na onbesmette blokke beweeg. Dit is
dus belangrik om ‘n Margarodes besmetting so gou moontlik te
identifiseer en te elimineer deur beroking van die besmette deel
en vervanging van die stokke. Jaarlikse ondersoeke is nodig om oor
opvolgbehandelings te besluit.
Wisselbou met eenjarige plante kan moontlik toegepas word om die
probleem te bestuur. Siste kan egter tot vier jaar of langer onaktief
sonder voeding in die grond bly en dan weer tot wyfies ontwikkel
wat van nuuts af ‘n besmetting kan laat ontstaan. Wisselbougewasse
sal dus oor ‘n lang periode afgewissel moet word. Eenjarige gewasse
kan wel gebruik word om die jaarlikse nuwe besmetting te verminder.
Met die ontwikkeling van veral nuwe gronde is dit belangrik om te
weet watter gewasse as natuurlike gasheerplante van die onderskeie
spesies dien. Sodoende kan ‘n moontlike natuurlike besmetting
voor plant bepaal en bestuur word. Die kameeldoringboom (Acacia
erioloba), wat wydverspreid in die Oranjerivier-besproeiingsgebied
en Mpumalanga voorkom, is onlangs geïdentifiseer as die natuurlike
gasheerplant van M. prieskaensis (De Klerk, 2010(b)). Die natuurlike
gasheerplante van die ander Suid-Afrikaanse spesies is egter nog
onbekend.
‘n Verdere baie belangrike bestuursaspek is om alle groeidempende
faktore soos droogte en veral oorbesproeiing reg te stel sodat
maksimum groeikondisies geskep kan word. Die terugsterwing van
stokke as gevolg van Margarodes is baie vinniger in geval van stokke
wat onder ongunstige toestande groei.
Vir verdere inligting kontak Dr André de Klerk by
[email protected].
Fig. 1: Margarodes kom in die meeste wingerdbou-areas
voor en ernstige skade word deur vyf spesies aangerig.
Fig. 2 (links bo): Siste van die onderskeie spesies verskil veral
in grootte en is maklik met die blote oog waarneembaar.
(M. prieskaensis, 6,0 mm in deursnit links en M. greeni, 2,5 mm
in deursnit regs.) Fig. 3 (regs bo): Wyfies het sterk ontwikkelde
voorpote om in die grond te beweeg.
DR ANDRÉ DE KLERK
VERWYSINGS
1.
2.
De Klerk, C.A., 1980. Biology of Margarodes vredendalensis De Klerk (Coccoidea : Margarodidae) in South Africa. S. Afr. J. Enol. Vitic. 1 (1), 47-58.
De Klerk, C.A., 1983. Two new species of Margarodes Guilding (Homoptera :
Fig. 4: Bogrondse simptome is swak
groei met kleiner blare wat na onder
krul.
SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN | 3
SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN
COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF FRUITFLY AFRICA
PROGRAMME SHOWS POSITIVE RESULTS
During 2015/16 FruitFly Africa commissioned an independent
Benefit/Cost Analysis (BCA) of the program using three
different areas as case studies for the different areas under the
program. The analysis was conducted by Optimal Agricultural
Business Systems (OABS).
“The fact that the average fruit fly population
during the harvesting season in the Hex River
Valley has steadily declined over the last couple of
seasons is proof that the AW IPM program in the
area is yielding positive results.”
The reason for commissioning the study was twofold. Firstly,
the industry needed to be sure that the continuation of area
wide integrated pest management (AW IPM) programs in
fresh fruit producing regions is not only an efficient means of
minimizing crop damage and mitigating phytosanitary risks
associated with these pests, but also a cost effective way of
reaching these goals. Secondly, it is envisaged that Sterile
Insect Technique (SIT) releases will be conducted from the air
(using chilled release technology) in the near future and the
benefit/cost ratio of this move also needed to be calculated.
same, except that air spray insecticide increase and ground
sprays decrease. Levels of crop damage decrease as time
goes by. Cold-steri requirement and market access losses
are 85% of those in the base analysis.
The areas that were used as case studies are the Hex River Valley
(table grape production area), Warm Bokkeveld (relatively
homogeneous crop distribution pome fruit production area)
and Villiersdorp/Vyeboom (heterogeneous pome- and stone
fruit production area). For the purpose of this article the focus
will be on the results for the Hex River Valley. The hectares
included in the case study in the Hex amount to 1 569.6ha,
this equates to ±30% of the estimated hectares under table
grapes in this production region.
Costs incorporated into the BCA model include all direct costs
associated with the control of fruit flies in the area. These
include both the costs of the AW IPM as well as cost incurred
by individual producers at their own discretion. All costs are
presumed to be direct costs. Benefits associated with control
measures include:
Table 1: Summary of BCA (Direct Costs and Benefits Only)
• Reduced fruit damage (Direct Benefit)
• Reduced need for cold treatment (cold-steri)
(Indirect Benefit)
• Market access (Indirect Benefit)
• Less use of chemical control measures (Direct Benefit)
The monetary value of both costs and benefits used in the
model vary between the different scenarios given below.
Base Analysis – Business as Usual – Volume of cold-steri
requirement increases from the current volumes by 5% per
annum over a 10 year period to 45% of current volumes. It
is assumed that current export market access losses related
to fruit fly issues is 15% of the value of current production
volumes. In the base it is assumed that with no AW-IPM this
loss will increase with 3% per annum.
Scenario 1 - AW-IPM with SIT – Low road - AW IPM
program is run as is in each area. Levels of crop damage
decreases as time goes by. Cold-steri requirement and
market access losses are 90% of those in the base analysis.
Scenario 2 – AW-IPM with SIT – Medium road - Program
is run in each area. All aspects of the program remain the
4 | SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN
Scenario 3 – AW-IPM with SIT – High Road - Program
is run in each area. Releases occur from the air. Baiting
(ground and/or air) is decreased. Levels of crop damage
decrease as time goes by. Cold-steri requirement and
market access losses are 85% of those in the base analysis.
A 10 year timeline was used as the return period for the model
and all monetary values of both costs and benefits were
discounted to the Net Present Value for a comparison. The
results were as follows:
Hex Valley
Base analysis - Business as Usual
Scenario 1 - AW-IPM SIT - Low road
Scenario 2 - AW-IPM SIT - Med road
Scenario 3 - AW IPM SIT - High road
B/C Ratio
N/A
1.41
1.47
1.3
Table 2: Summary of BCA (Direct- as Well as Indirect Costs
and Benefits)
Hex Valley
Base analysis - Business as Usual
Scenario 1 - AW-IPM SIT - Low road
Scenario 2 - AW-IPM SIT - Med road
Scenario 3 - AW IPM SIT - High road
B/C Ratio
N/A
1.53
2.32
3.9
Even if only the direct costs and benefits of the program are
considered it should be clear that the continuation of an AW
IPM in any form for the Hex River Area will be beneficial to
producers, since all scenarios have a B/C ratio >1. Indirect costs
and –benefits are easily overlooked, but are equally important
as their direct counterparts when it comes to decision making.
Table 2 thus gives a much more meaningful B/C ratio when it
comes to whether or not the continuation of the program is
justified or even if adjustments to the program are preferable
to the status quo. In the case of this study Scenario 3 the “High
TECHNICAL
Road – AW IPM” option is preferable to the other scenarios,
with a B/C ratio of 3.9 (the benefits derived from this approach
are thus estimated to be almost four times higher than the
cost associated with this scenario).
The fact that the average fruit fly population during the
harvesting season in the Hex River Valley has steadily declined
over the last couple of seasons is proof that the AW IPM
program in the area is yielding positive results. This study shows
that not only are positive results being achieved, but that the
continuation of the program (with a couple of adjustments)
will also lead to sustainable, cost effective control of fruit flies
in the long run.
NANDO BAARD (FruitFly Africa)
[email protected]
FRUITFLY AFRICA KEEPING PESTS
UNDER CONTROL FOR NEARLY A DECADE
FruitFly Africa (Pty) Ltd is a non-profit company owned by a number of industry bodies. These are the South
African Table Grape Industry, South African Apple and Pear Producers Association, the South African Stone Fruit
Producers Association, Dried Fruit Technical Services, the Canning Producers Association and the Agricultural
Research Council.
FFA has almost a decade’s worth of experience in the management of fruit flies in South Africa. The Medfly
program consists out of a monitoring service (with weekly reports to producers), coordination of ground activities
such as orchard sanitation, ground baiting with GF-120, hanging out of M3 baiting stations, identification of
alternative hosts as well as the coordination of area wide aerial application of GF-120. FFA also utilizes the Sterile
Insect Technique (SIT) in most of the areas it covers through ground releases of sterile Medfly males in hotspots.
Through these activities FFA has created awareness regarding fruit fly control and pushes best practices for this
control in the areas under the program. FFA personnel has also built outstanding relationships with producers,
inhabitants and suppliers through their activities in these areas, thereby ensuring good quality of control and
speedy reaction times to outbreaks of invasive pests such as Bactrocera dorsalis.
Areas currently under the program are:
• The Hex River Valley (±5 200 ha)
• Ceres, Wolseley and Tulbagh (±7 000 ha)
• EGVV and Hemel & Aarde (±9 200 ha)
• Langkloof (±6 700 ha)
• Orange River (±5 000 ha)
• Klein Swartberg (±250 ha)
• Total = ±33 350 ha
Great successes have been reached under this program in areas where action plans have been followed,
with average Flies per Trap per Day showing a downward trend in most of these areas since the program was
introduced.
NANDO BAARD (FruitFly Africa)
SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN | 5
SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN
THE SOLAS CONVENTION VGM GUIDE 101
…only containers with verified gross mass or VGM may enter the port to be loaded
What is the SOLAS Convention?
The SOLAS Convention is one of 17 conventions within the aegis of the IMO- International Maritime Organisation. The IMO –
www.imo.org – is responsible for regulating global shipping. The SOLAS Convention looks after the Safety of Life at Sea.
What is amendment to chapter VI, Part A, regulation 2?
The amendment to chapter VI, Part A, regulation 2, in short stipulates that no vessel may accept cargo for loading in any IMO
registered port if the actual all-up mass of the container has not been verified.
Therefore, only containers with verified gross mass or VGM may enter the port to be loaded.
UNPACKING VGM METHOD 1 AND METHOD 2
Methods to determine the verified gross mass of the packed container.
In terms of the SOLAS requirements, two methods are prescribed by which a producer/exporter/shipper may obtain the verified
gross mass of a packed container as follows –
VGM acquistion process
1st weight of truck and empty container
2nd weight or truck and sealed container
Gross cargo mass
SUDU621017-4 tare mass
Total VGM of container
Mass
10 860
30 105
19245
4 560
23 805
uom
kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
Method 1: No SAMSA certification is required.
Either weigh the sealed container- very expensive OR
weigh the empty truck & container as it arrives, then the truck & sealed container- to deduce the
total cargo weight, add the tare weight of container to get the VGM. This is a good method if
there is easy access to a certified weigh bridge close to where the container loads.
Method 2: SAMSA certification is required.
The depot loading containers will either weigh pallets before loading or use the verified pallet
weights on the C-Note if the producer has weighed them at source.
Then add the tare weight of the container to reach the verified Gross weight.
6 | SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN
TECHNICAL
This will require certification by SAMSA through an accredited 3rd party audit company.
CONTAINER TARE WEIGHT
SAMSA says that the tare weight as stated by the shipping line or on the container itself is acceptable.
It is already acknowledged that this is not necessarily accurate.
1.1. All weighing equipment used for either Method 1 or Method 2 must have a Verification Certificate which is endorsed with
a Type (Model) Approval Number.
1.2. Weighing equipment must be verified periodically in accordance with the regulations pertaining to the type of weighing
equipment being used. Currently non-automatic weighing instruments including vehicle scales must be verified every 24
months.
1.3. Verification Laboratories, who also may be suppliers or manufacturers of weighing equipment, must be accredited by the
South African National Accreditation System (SANAS) according to SANS10378 to verify weighing equipment.
1.4. Once the Verification Laboratory is accredited by SANAS they are designated by the National Regulator for Compulsory
Specifications (NRCS) to conduct verifications on weighing equipment.
1.5. Verification Officers conducting verifications for Verification Laboratories must be appointed in writing, competent and
work within the ambits of their listed scope.
1.6. The purpose of verifying weighing equipment is to ensure the equipment is accurate and complies with legislation.
1.7. SOLAS does not provide for a margin of error. The verified gross mass shall be obtained under both Method 1 and
Method 2 by using weighing equipment that meets the applicable accuracy standards and requirements in the State in
which the equipment is being used i.e. the Legal Metrology Act, 2014.
In MN 25 of 27 May 2016 SAMSA stated enforcement tolerances of 2% would be implemented. This means if your mass is out,
you will be warned, but if it exceeds 2% above or below, you can face prosecution.
The shipping line, separately to this may penalise you for any weight miss-declared- as is their right.
Producers/Exporters/Shippers may NOT estimate the weight and may NOT use a weight of a similar consignment.
Under IMO guidelines 5.1.2.1, shippers may use the mass of packages that are consistently the same mass with the gross mass
shown on the packaging label. But this does not apply to fresh packed grapes!
E.g. a packaged Television screen in a sealed package labelled to weigh 3.4kg meets this guideline.
IMPORTANT
As per the Carriage of Cargo at Sea act of 2004, the shipper is the entity named as shipper on the bills of Lading and is
accountable to have SAMSA certification for method 2 SOLAS compliance for VGM DECLARATION.
The load point or depot is subcontracted to the shipper.
The shipper receives the SAMSA certification.
The load point does not receive SAMSA method
2 certification unless they are the shipper as
well.
A further guideline on how to become certified
by SAMSA is being prepared with the templates
of documents required for the audit process.
For further detailed understanding, consult
the Fruit South Africa three-part guideline for
Shippers and exporters.
The bottom line is that the shipper must
be able to defend the VGM of containers
declared to the line and to the export
terminal.
From July 1, 2016- No weight - No Gate
ANDY CONNELL
[email protected]
SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN | 7
SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN
SOUTH AFRICAN TABLE GRAPE INDUSTRY SURVIVES
HOT AND DRY 2015/16 SEASON
2015/2016 Season Overview
REGIONAL REPORT
The hot and dry 2015/2016 South African table grape season
has come to an end with most producers indicating that it was
one of the most challenging seasons they have faced in many
years.
Amongst the many challenges faced during this season was
the drought that hit four of the five table grape producing
regions as well as vessel delays due to strong winds in the
Cape Town harbour. However, this being said, the industry
experienced a better return due to the shortage of supply in
the markets that supported prices and lead to better farm gate
earnings for the producer. This couldn’t have come at a better
time for producers given the rising input costs and many other
demands and challenges, for example the replacement of old
vineyards and/or old generation varieties.
At the end of April 2016 the final intake up to week 19 was
57.95 million 4,5kg equivalent cartons of which 56.63 million
were exported.
During the initial crop estimate done in October 2015, the
industry foresaw a big crop in the making. Vineyards were
healthy and very promising, although less rainfall during the
winter months was a concern. SATI’s initial crop estimate of
between 61.3 and 63.2 million 4.5 kg equivalent cartons would
have been the biggest crop on record, but early seasonal
realities soon proved that it would not realise.
Due to the hot and dry weather conditions a gradual reduction
in the initial crop estimate became evident. The Olifants River
Region experienced even harsher conditions as a 40% water
quota was imposed on farmers in that region. The hot and
dry weather conditions also lead to some sunburn damage in
the vineyards. Weather conditions in the Orange River Region
were good and bunch development looked normal right up
to the start of harvest. However, when packing commenced,
berry sizes proved to be smaller, which resulted in lower
bunch weights and lower pack-outs.
The Northern Provinces experienced a better than usual start
to the season as the usual summer hail storms stayed away and
berry and bunch development was close to normal. The Berg
River Region faced the same problems as the other regions as
bunch weights also disappointed. Vineyards in the region also
suffered as a result of the heat and lack of rain. The Hex River
Valley Region experienced the same fate as the other areas in
the Western Cape, which encountered the worst drought in 75
years according to Agri-SA. The initial estimate was therefore
adjusted sooner to accommodate the effect of the heat, the
drought and the resulting reduction in berry sizes and bunch
weights.
At the start of the harvest producers in the Northern Provinces,
the Orange River Region and the Olifants River Region were still
expecting an above average crop compared to the 2014/2015
season. By the end of December 2015 these three regions
were way ahead regarding volumes packed compared to the
previous season. The Berg River Region was on par regarding
the packed volumes compared to the 2014/2015 season.
8 | SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN
This picture changed dramatically at the beginning of the
New Year for all regions, with the exception of the Northern
Provinces. The latter region experienced an extraordinary
season with hardly any thunderstorms while some light
rainfall during December 2015 brought welcome relief to
the exceptionally hot weather. The Orange River Region saw
a reduction of between 5% and 8% for its early varieties.
The Olifants River Region experienced colder nights causing
berry burst in some varieties. Producers believed that these
conditions were no cause for alarm and the estimated crop
was within reach. The Berg River Region was still on target to
reach its estimated volumes but rain during the first week of
February saw that expectation fade away. Producers in the Hex
River Valley were beginning to feel the effect of the drought as
they also experienced lower yields due to uneven berry sizes
and delayed colour development. Table 1 shows how the crop
estimate was adjusted downwards as the season progressed.
Table 1
REGION
2015/2016
Actual Crop
2015/2016
Fourth
Estimate
23/02/2016
Northern Provinces
4 730 931
4.3 - 4.5
4.3 - 4.5
4.3 - 4.5
4.3 - 4.5
Orange River
18 642 606
18.0 - 18.5
18.0 - 18.5
18.0 - 18.5
19.5 - 20.0
2015/2016
Third Estimate
12/01/2016
2015/2016
Second
Estimate
17/12/2015
2015/2016
First
Estimate
27/10/2015
4.5 Kg Equivalent Cartons
Olifants River
3 157 059
3.1 - 3.3
3.4 - 3.6
3.8 - 4.0
3.8 - 4.0
Berg River
12 599 726
12.25 - 12.75
12.6 - 13.1
13.8 - 14.3
13.8 - 14.3
Hex River Valley
18 849 217
17.5 - 18.0
18.5 - 19.0
19.9 - 20.4
19.9 - 20.4
TOTAL
57 979 539
55.15 - 57.05
56.8 - 58.7
59.8 - 61.7
61.3 - 63.2
Compared to the previous season, the total Intake volumes
were only 2.4% down from the record intake of 59 million
during 2014/2015. Figure 1 shows the comparison between
the 2015/2016 and 2014/2015 seasons.
Figure 1
EXPORT AND MARKET REPORT
The sea freight of table grapes had a slow start this season but
a significant number was airlifted during the early season. As
the season progressed the exports of table grapes increased
significantly and ran ahead of normal trends, however these
INFORMATION
exports almost came to a stop as strong winds started to
batter the Western Cape seaboard and all ships were wind
bound by week 4.
The SA protocol for Thailand was published on 18th January
and this granted South African producers and exporters official
market access. This historic moment did not significantly
boost exports to the South East Asia Region as it came too late
for the earlier production regions. Overall exports to the UK
and Europe still accounted for over 80% of the total exports.
Exports to the UK increased by 13.7% from last season. Table
2 shows the volumes exported to the different export regions.
Table 2
Market
Africa
Canada
European Union
Far East
Indian Ocean Islands
Middle East
Russian
South East Asia
United Kingdom
USA
Grand Total
2015/2016
2014/2015
4.5 Kg Equivalent Cartons
714 413
1 025 676
30 559 787
2 355 329
349 277
2 485 549
933 214
2 476 419
15 738 916
21 300
56 659 880
705 532
327 060
33 865 721
2 648 082
539 139
2 758 945
1 216 539
2 560 290
13 837 417
86 268
58 544 992
At the beginning of the season sales were strong in Europe
and prices were expected to remain stable. The Russian
Ruble was weak against the US Dollar. It was expected that
this market was going to be difficult to trade in as Russia was
experiencing an exchange problem and it was challenging to
reach good prices.
Overall the market was fairly stable and there were
opportunities due to a good balance between supply and
demand. The demand for table grapes in the Far East was
good, although limited volumes were packed due to stringent
specifications and protocols. Exports to the UK increased due
to better prices received during this season as well as the
favourable exchange rate. The stable markets and consistent
prices throughout the season resulted in fair compensation
for South African producers who bravely combatted the tough
conditions and challenges of the 2015/2016 season.
JOSEPH LOMBARDT
2015/16 SEISOEN BRING GEMENGDE RESULTATE VIR OPKOMENDE TAFELDRUIF PRODUSENTE
SATI het met ’n paar produsente gesels om te hoor hoe hulle die pas
afgelope seisoen ervaar het.
Die son skyn ewe hard op gevestigde en opkomende produsente.
Dit is weereens bewys tydens die pas afgelope 2015/2016 seisoen
waartydens opkomende tafeldruif produsente en begunstigdes van
Trusts - wat aandele in plase besit – gemengde resultate gekry het,
maar nie net as gevolg van die warm en droë weer nie.
Oom Hendrik Davids, Plaasbestuurder en een van die 281 trustlede
wat die sowat 100 hektaar plaas Vergelegen net buite Robertson in
die Wes-Kaap besit, sê hulle het so byna hul doel bereik. “Ons het ’n
baie goeie seisoen ervaar en kon 195 202 kartonne pak. Dit is netso
onder ons oesskatting van 200 000, maar ek voel nog steeds ons kon
beter gedoen het.”
Oom Hendrik sê van die uitdagings was “ons het voëlskade gehad en
’n paar kultivars soos Rally was bietjie onvrugbaar terwyl Autumn
Royal baie swak gedra het. Ons het ook probleme met arbeiders
ervaar, want hier is nie genoegsame huisvesting op die plaas nie,
wat ons genoop het om mense in te ry. Baie van hulle het nie op ’n
daaglikse basis opgedaag nie.”
Ten spyte hiervan het Vergelegen met die hulp van hul mentors,
die Karsten-Groep, beter voorbereiding gedoen en die hitte en
droogte het hulle nie veel geraak nie. Baie van die ander opkomende
produsente was nie so gelukkig nie.
Danie Lewis wat met sy ouers mede-eienaars van die Lewis Boerdery
Trust is, en met sowat 5,5 hektaar tafeldruiwe op huurgrond in
Brandwacht Worcester boer, sê hulle het nie so ’n goeie seisoen
ervaar nie. “Ons het slegs 16 000 kartonne gepak, heelwat minder as
verlede jaar se 20 000. Die temperatuur was te hoog en baie stokke
het minder gedra as verwag,” verduidelik Lewis.
Abie Pietersen, Plaasbestuurder en een van die 30 begunstigdes van
Alpha Boerdery in De Doorns, Sandhills waar hulle sowat 15 hektaar
tafeldruiwe verbou, het ook ’n uitdagende seisoen beleef.
“Die seisoen was in die algemeen moeilik. Ons stokke het nie so baie
gedra nie, ons het 50 000 kartonne gepak vanaf 12,45 hektaar. Daar
Oom Hendrik Davids op die plaas Vergelegen, buite Robertson
in die Wes-Kaap is een van die opkomende boere wat bly is die
uitdagende seisoen is verby.
was baie insekte, die klimaat ongunstig met te veel humiditeit en
in die aand was dit te warm wat die kleurontwikkeling beïnvloed
het,” vertel Pietersen. Hy het op die hulp van chemiese konsultante
gesteun wat hulle “half deur die seisoen gedra” het.
Christa van Rooi, een van die 20 begunstigdes van die Berekisanang
Empowerment Farm in Kakamas in die Noord-Kaap, waar 130 hektaar
tafeldruiwe en 200 hektaar sitrus verbou word, sê alhoewel dit
warmer as normaal was, het hulle ’n baie gunstige seisoen ervaar.
“Ons doel was om 187 000 kartonne te pak, maar ons het dit oorskry
en 202 300 gepak. Ons is baie in ons skik hiermee,” verduidelik van
Rooi.
“Die hitte het korrelbars in die Melody kultivar veroorsaak terwyl die
landpak bietjie uitdagend was. Ons het ook reën gekry tydens paktyd
wat op die verkeerde tyd was” meen van Rooi.
Dié groep opkomende produsente stem saam dat hulle beter
grondvoorbereiding gaan doen en hulself daarop toespits om beter
voëlbeheer toe te pas om sodoende ’n beter oes die volgende
seisoen te lewer.
CLAYTON SWART
SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN | 9
SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN
THE “NEW” THAILAND MARKET FOR SA TABLE GRAPES
South Africa recently gained access to the Thailand market
following a long period of persistent efforts by and excellent
cooperation between FruitSA, SATI and DAFF personnel.
In this article some of the key features of the Thailand table
grape market will be explored – based principally on insights
gained by Promar International (commissioned by SATI) for
their July 2015 report on Thailand.
Thailand’s fruit imports peaked in the period 2012 to 2014 at
500 000 tons per annum. South Africa accounted for up to 18%
of Thailand’s fruit imports around 10 years ago. Unfortunately
South Africa lost access to Thailand until 2012 when this
market was opened for citrus again.
between 380 000 to 160 000 tons respectively (see graphs
below).
When comparing Thailand’s imports by volume and by value
(see graphs below) it is evident that imports from China have
grown exponentially since 2005. China has in the process
grown to be the dominant volume supplier – followed by the
USA and Peru.
However, Peru followed by the USA earned significantly
higher prices per ton from 2013.
The Thai market for Table Grapes is expected to grow
significantly and depending on whether future imports are
extrapolated from the 2005 to 2014 trend-line or from the
2012 to 2014 trend-line, imports by 2020 could amount to
10 | SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN
MARKET DEVELOPMENT
The main reason for Peru’s growing popularity in the Thailand
table grape market is its ability to supply red table grapes in
the November to April marketing window – a feat that could
easily be emulated by South Africa.
In a survey of Thai consumer preferences Promar came to the
conclusion: “That the colour of the grape and its taste is more
important than specific variety. Although green, red and black
grapes can all be found for sale in Thailand, consumers prefer
to purchase and consume red seedless grapes due to the
positive meaning associated with the colour red. Black grapes
are the least preferred variety, due to their comparative lack of
sweetness”.
Promar also surveyed consumers on their perceptions about
South Africa: “Overall, stakeholder’s perception of South
African fresh produce was positive. There is some confusion
however as to the identity and perception of South Africa as
a country. Fruit grown in South Africa was seen as being of
a consistently high quality standard. A number of retailers
and importers spoken to were currently importing avocadoes
and citrus fruit grown in South Africa. The positive perception
they had of South Africa from these dealings means that they
would be willing to consider them as a potential new supplier
for grapes in the future”
HOPPIE NEL
[email protected]
PROJECT REBIRTH FOR NATIONAL FRESH
PRODUCE MARKETS
Project Rebirth for National Fresh Produce Markets is an initiative
which has been established and institutionalised as a collaborative
effort between government and the fresh produce industry
stakeholders to revive the operations and service standards of national
fresh produce markets across the Republic of South Africa (RSA). The
initiative begun in 2013 with the establishment of a National Steering
Committee chaired by the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and
Fisheries (DAFF), and is composed of representatives from Fruit South
Africa (FSA, representing fruit producers), Institute of Market Agents
of South Africa (IMASA, representing fresh produce market agents),
Potatoes SA (PSA, representing potato producers), South African
Union of Food Markets (SAUFM, representing market managers),
Agricultural Produce Agents Council (APAC, as a regulatory body),
Department of Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs
(COGTA), and the National Agricultural Marketing Council.
During 2014, representatives of stakeholders (producers; market
agents and market managers) on the National Steering Committee
on Project Rebirth consulted their members to solicit inputs towards
the development of the Codes of Best Practices (CoBPs) for National
Fresh Produce Markets. The three stakeholders produced three
separate drafts which were analysed and integrated into a composite
document titled “Codes of Best Practice (COBP) for National Fresh
Produce Markets as it pertains to market managers, market agents,
producers, labour and service providers”. Subsequent to this, the
second open fresh produce industry stakeholder session was held
where the document was adopted by the fresh produce industry
stakeholders.
The Codes of Best Practice are aimed at assisting fresh produce
markets to improve their service standards and operations and are
centered around ten pillars, which are on regulatory environment;
communication and stakeholder engagement; consignment
control and inspection; food safety, hygiene and cleanliness; safety
& security; information management; risk & financial management;
transformation; infrastructure and human capital development.
The National Steering Committee, in its effort to identify impediments
and critical success factors towards implementation of the Codes of
Best Practices (CoBP) prioritized eight fresh produce markets for the
implementation exercise. These markets are Springs Fresh Produce
Market (FPM), Pietermaritzburg FPM, Matjhabeng (formerly Welkom)
FPM, Matlosana (formerly Klerksdorp) FPM, Vereeniging FPM, East
London FPM, Sol Plaatje (formerly Kimberley) FPM and Port Elizabeth
FPM. These are the markets identified during the scoping exercise
known to experience greater bottlenecks in service standards.
In order to expedite this exercise, the National Steering Committee on
Project Rebirth engaged various municipal authorities that own fresh
produce markets, which are the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan
Municipality (Port Elizabeth FPM), Buffalo City Metropolitan
Municipality (East London FPM), Sedibeng District Municipality
(Vereeniging FPM), Matlosana Local Municipality (Matlosana FPM),
City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality (Cape Town FPM),
Matjhabeng Local Municipality (Welkom FPM), Sol Plaatjie Local
Municipality(Sol Plaatje FPM) and Msunduzi Local Municipality
(Pietermaritzburg FPM) to request their collaboration in resolving
issues relating to governance, management and infrastructure
maintenance and refurbishments. Specifically, this paper will focus
on experiences and developments at Springs, Vereeniging, Tshwane
and Pietermaritzburg markets.
Go to the following link to access the full document:
www.satgi.com/market-access/market-development/
Extracted from Fresh Produce Market Monitor
(No. 1 of 2015; DAFF)
SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN | 11
SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN
MINISTER THANKS TABLE GRAPE INDUSTRY AT SATI AGM
Table grape producers from across the country were thanked
for their hard work and contribution to agriculture by the
Western Cape Minister of Economic Opportunities, Alan
Winde (who is responsible for the Departments of Agriculture
& Economic Development and Tourism). He addressed table
grape producers at the South African Table Grape Industry
(SATI), annual general meeting held in Paarl on 21 April, 2016.
“I wish to thank you in agriculture as these are the best of
times and the worst of times. It is not easy to farm under these
conditions especially with the persistent drought. We are glad for
the rain but our dam levels remain low,” said Minister Winde.
Despite the persistent drought Minister Winde said it is a
great time for the agricultural sector. “The trade agreement
between South Africa and Indonesia saw our country being
granted Country of Recognition Status. Earlier this year it was
also confirmed that South African table grapes have gained
access to the exciting and lucrative Thailand market. This is
exactly where government and industry bodies like SATI are
working together to achieve these results to the benefit of
industry,” explained Minister Winde.
IMPORTANT STATS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN TABLE
GRAPE INDUSTRY
• South Africa is the 5th biggest producer and exporter of
table grapes in the world.
• Provides 11 000 full-time and 42 000 seasonal jobs valued
at R950 million in wages per year
• Additional R32 million in job creation, direct suppliers
• Additional R600 million job creation, suppliers in the value
chain
• Significant contribution to downstream production
income – R3,2 billion other product input providers, R720
million to packaging material suppliers, R250 million to
logistics suppliers
“This industry is the ideal partner of
government to pursue and achieve the
critical NDP goals and objectives…”
which we invest. Over the next three years, we will support 4 195
new farmers to take their businesses to the next level. The SA
Table Grape Industry are a valued partner in this mission.”
Minister Winde said a key priority was improving local agriprocessing capacity to boost production for domestic and key
export markets.
“To develop more product for processing, including grapes, we
are continuing work on the Greater Brandvlei Irrigation Project,”
he stated.
Mr Michael Laubscher, Chairperson of SATI, said the table
grape industry via SATI is committed to achieving the goals of
the (NDP) for the agricultural sector and is uniquely positioned
to help achieve these critical goals.
“The table grape industry has a high growth potential and it is
labour intensive (not easily mechanised). This industry is the ideal
partner of government to pursue and achieve the critical NDP
goals and objectives, namely job creation, rural development
and the earning of foreign revenue, crucially important for our
quite vulnerable balance of payments,” said Laubscher.
Minister Winde said the numbers above were encouraging
and added that the Western Cape Government would
continue to support the industry to grow. He thanked SATI for
the contribution to transformation in the agriculture sector
and job creation.
Minister Winde warned that land reform is crucial and the
agricultural sector together with government must do more
to create at least 20% black owned farmers as stated in the
goals of the National Development Plan (NDP).
“We have set aside R290 million but actually need R20 billion to
realise this. Government needs projects from the private sector as
we cannot do it on our own, we support projects and create an
enabling environment,” stated Minister Winde.
“In the Western Cape, we have set ourselves on the path to
ensure a 70 per cent success rate of all the land reform projects in
12 | SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN
Mr Michael Laubscher, Chairman of the South African
Table Grape Industry (SATI) hands the guest speaker to
their AGM, Alan Winde, the Western Cape Minister of
Economic Opportunities, a box of export grapes from one
of the three production regions in the province.
CLAYTON SWART
INDUSTRY COMMUNICATION
MAKING SENSE OF THE IMPENDING CARBON TAX
and it’s implications for South Africa’s fruit and wine farmers
“…the Carbon Tax legislation has important
further implications for farms, packhouses,
wineries and other entities involved in primary
agriculture…”
HOW WILL IT WORK?
The nominal “price” of greenhouse gas emissions will be set at
R120 for the equivalent of a ton of carbon dioxide emitted (CO2e).
The Draft Carbon Tax Bill has been released for comment during
November 2015. The Confronting Climate Change (CCC) Initiative
has received many questions with regards to the bill and has,
in response, developed this summary document with the
information currently at their disposal. It is meant to be a highlevel document that outline the Carbon Tax processes and should
by no means be read as conclusive as it is likely that there will be
refinements to the Bill after public comment has been received.
WHAT IS A CARBON TAX AND WHY IS IT BEING
IMPLEMENTED?
South Africa has committed itself to reducing greenhouse
gas (GHG) emissions to below business-as-usual levels, and
has selected taxation on greenhouse gas emissions, or what
is referred to as a “Carbon Tax”, as the primary mechanism to
stimulate the changes in the economy necessary to achieve these
targets. The committed reductions targets are substantial, being
reductions of 34% by 2020 and 42% by 2025. The carbon tax
seeks to place a cost to greenhouse gas emission, and in so doing
ensure that the polluter pays for their emissions and the harm
caused by such pollution. The carbon tax is aimed at stimulating
a steep reduction in GHG emissions, ensuring that South Africa is
ready to deal with future climate risks and challenges, and to be
in a position to take advantage of new investment opportunities
associated with the move to a low-carbon or “green” economy.
The Carbon Tax is a direct economic instrument aimed at rapidly
changing the behaviour of businesses – providing a significant
financial incentive to shift towards cleaner technologies, products
and processes.
WHEN WILL IT BE INTRODUCED?
It is anticipated that phase 1 will be implemented from January
2017. The primary agricultural sector will be exempt from phase
1 and only be taxed directly from phase 2, which is estimated to
start in 2020/2021. Although primary agriculture will be exempt
from phase 1, the carbon tax will indirectly filter through to input
costs.
Not only must the bill be written into law, but Treasury still has to
finalise regulations around the generation and claiming of offsets.
At this stage the Carbon Tax relates to Scope 1 emissions only.
Scope 1 emissions are direct emissions from owned or controlled
sources. As a matter of interest, although fuel is currently subject
to the General Fuel Levy (Petrol – R 2.55 per litre and Diesel R 2.40
per litre), it is not an “environmental” levy. Electricity consumption
is currently subject to an Environmental Levy of 3.5 cents per kWh.
A number of tax-free allowances have been provided, which then
reduce the effective cost to the business:
• A basic tax-free allowance of 60% ;
• An additional tax-free allowance of 10 per cent for process
emissions;
• A variable tax-free allowance for trade-exposed sectors
(maximum 10 per cent);
• A maximum tax-free allowance of 5 per cent for above average
performance;
• A 5 per cent tax-free allowance for companies with a Carbon
Budget;
• A carbon offsetting allowance of either 5 per cent or 10 per
cent;
Therefore, the total tax-free allowance during the first phase (up
to 2020) can be as high as 95 % (i.e. for a business that qualifies
for all the discounts, it will be taxed an effective cost of R6.00 per
ton of CO2e emitted). Up to the end of Phase 1 the cost of carbon
could therefore range from R6 to R48 per ton of CO2e emitted.
After phase 1 it is anticipated that these tax-free allowances could
be reduced and phased down.
Implementation of the carbon tax requires an accurate system
for monitoring, reporting and verifying emissions (MRV). The
CCC carbon calculator provides a mechanism for monitoring and
reporting in the agricultural sector. The South African Revenue
Service (SARS) will be the main implementing administrative
authority on tax liability assessments while the Carbon Tax will be
collected similar to other taxes. In order to audit the self-reported
tax liability by entities, SARS will be assisted by the Department of
Environmental Affairs (DEA).
WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR AGRICULTURE?
While agriculture is exempt from being directly taxed during
phase 1, the Carbon Tax legislation has important further
implications for farms, packhouses, wineries and other entities
involved in primary agriculture:
• Farms can potentially become an important source of carbon
offsets during phase 1. There may be opportunities for selling
these carbon offsets to entities that are looking to reduce
their carbon tax bill. What will qualify as an offset project is
not clear but could include carbon sequestration projects (for
example restoring soil carbon) and/or emissions reduction
technology projects (for example, solar PV, biogas digesters
etc.).
• The cost of carbon taxes will be felt throughout the economy
as prices are increased by businesses to help them offset
their increased tax bills. Agriculture can expect to experience
SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN | 13
SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN
cost pressure on all key material and energy inputs including
electricity, fuel, fertilizers and agrochemicals.
• Once phase 2 is reached, then all scope 1 emissions from
agriculture will be taxable. There are important scope 1
emissions applicable to farms, packhouses, wineries etc.;
– Mobile Combustion: All emissions from the consumption
of fossil-fuels for owned vehicles, including owned
tractors, trucks, farm bakkies etc.
– Stationary Combustion: Any emissions from the
consumption of fossil-fuels for equipment owned by the
business used for industrial applications such as heating,
electricity generators etc.
– Fugitive Emissions: Any unintended release of
greenhouse gasses from other sources owned by the
business, such as refrigerant leakages from cooling
systems, Nitrous Oxide from agricultural soils and Methane
from waste treatment infrastructure.
What should I do to prepare for Carbon Tax, and how can the
CCC Initiative assist you?
Until now, the motives to measure, report and reduce carbon
emissions have come from a combination of market pressures,
economic self-interest (improve efficiency and reduce costs) and
a desire “to do the right thing”. The introduction of the Carbon Tax
scheme adds a further, and perhaps the strongest, motivation for
businesses to proactively understand and manage where, how
and at what scale they emit greenhouse gasses and to understand,
evaluate and implement the strategies to reduce these emissions.
The primary motive of the Carbon Tax is to bring emissions
reduction onto the center-stage of business management.
The most foundational element of an emissions management
strategy is the ability to accurately and reliably measure emissions
at a level of detail that enables good decision-making and credible
reporting. The annual measurement of the businesses “carbon
footprint” using the CCC tools provides the solution for this.
Once measurement has been undertaken then opportunities to
improve efficiencies and/or to introduce new technologies can
be evaluated and implemented.
The CCC Initiative is also being enhanced in response to the
impeding Carbon Tax:
• Adding a Carbon Sequestration Calculator for the calculation
of carbon offset values and opportunities.
• Incorporating a carbon tax calculator in the Carbon
Footprinting tool to calculate the tax impact of the business’s
emissions and to help in the identification of emissions and
tax “hot spots”.
• To proactively inform the industry of the carbon tax legislation
and its implementation and implications.
Carbon tax!
What should I do?
Understand your risk
Reduce your emissions
through improved efficiency
and technology.
Quantify your emissions.
Use the CCC carbon
footprint tool.
ANÉL BLIGNAUT, EDDIE VIENINGS and DAVID FARRELL
(The Confronting Climate Change (CCC) Initiative)
[email protected]
INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION OF VINE AND WINE
APRIL 2016 REPORT BACK
The International Organisation for Vine and Wine (OIV) is an
intergovernmental organisation that develops and prepares
documents of a scientific and technical nature, which ultimately
inform policy. The OIV is internationally well recognised, especially
in the EU, for its work relating to vines, wine, wine-based
beverages, table grapes, raisins and other vine-based products.
Currently there are 46 member states mostly from Europe.
World map indicating the OIV Member States
(source: http://www.oiv.int/en/international-organisation-vineand-wine/member-states-and-observers)
14 | SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN
The current work of the OIV most relevant to table grape
production and export, are global:
1. Promotion of sustainable vitiviniculture (including climate
change, natural resource management, social accountability
and economic efficiency of various production systems);
2. Understanding of the market trends and supply chain
dynamics; and
3. Understanding of consumer safety.
This year, the annual OIV meetings took place between 4 and
15 April 2016 in Paris. SATI was represented at the Sustainable
Development and Climate Change (4 April), Genetic Resources
and Vine Selection (6 April), Vine Protection and Viticultural
Techniques (7 April) and Table Grapes, Raisins and Unfermented
Grape Products (8 April) expert groups.
As an outcome of this year’s meeting, SATI will actively participate
in the development of two documents:
1. A guide for the implementation of sustainable viticulture
2. A review on the alternatives to SO2 sheets
For more information contact Tarryn Wettergreen on 021 863
0366 or [email protected].
TARRYN WETTERGREEN
INDUSTRY COMMUNICATION
TAFELDRUIWE PRODUSENT NUWE WES-KAAPSE JONGBOER VAN DIE JAAR VIR 2016
Werknemers is die hart van hul besigheid
Jacques (regs) en sy broer Eugene (links) op die nuwe plaas
Brandwacth wat hulle besig is om te ontwikkel.
Jacques Beukes, Wes-Kaapse Jongboer van die Jaar vir 2016.
Jacques Beukes (35), ʼn tafeldruiwe produsent van De Doorns in
die Hexriviervallei is onlangs (25 Mei) as Agri Wes-Kaap en Santam
Landbou se Jongboer vir 2016 aangewys. Jacques dring nou deur
na die nasionale Jongboer van die Jaar kompetisie wat in Oktober
deur Agri SA en Toyota SA aangebied word.
Hy boer al 10 jaar op die familie plaas Modderdrift, maar vertel
sy familie boer 103 jaar lank met tafeldruiwe. Hy is ʼn direkteur
van die Hexvallei Tafeldruiwe Assosiasie, Agri Wes-Kaap se
streekverteenwoordiger en die voorsitter van die Breedevallei
Munisipaliteit se produsenteforum.
Jacques wat ʼn B.Com-graad in Logistiek aan die Universiteit van
Stellenbosch behaal het, sê jongboere is die land se toekoms.
“Jongboere bring baie nuwe idees en energie na die ekonomie.
Hulle hou van nuwe ontwikkelings en uitdagings,” sê hy.
Sy pa Pieter Beukes het in 2006 eienaarskap aan hom en sy broer
Eugene gegee. Die span het hulself toegespits om die produksie
op te stoot vanaf 4 000 kartonne per hektaar, na 5 500 plus per
hektaar per jaar. Selfs in vanjaar se uitdagende jaar het hulle 5 427
kartonne per hektaar gepak.
“Ons het die omset van die plaas tussen 2007 en 2016 met 930%
gegroei. Ons het gaan sit en beplan en gekyk wat die sukses
faktore is, waarna ons op vier besluit het - naamlik produksie,
verpakking, bemarking en ons hart wat die mense is wie vir ons
werk,” verduidelik Jacques passievol.
“Ons het die besproeiing na drip verander en het baie meer
selektief geword oor die tipe kunsmis wat ons gebruik. Sodoende
het ons produksie opgetel en het ons die nodige groei begin
toon.”
Hulle het ook gekyk na die pakstoor en die beste inligtingsstelsels
ontwikkel wat hulle kon, terwyl die bemarking daarop gemik is
om verskeie markte te bereik.
Hy glo net aan die hoogste voedselstandaarde deur seker
te maak Modderdrift voldoen aan al die oudits en bereik die
besikbare standaarde. “Ons nooi die groot supermarkte om self
na ons plaas te kom en te sien hoe ons kwaliteit druiwe verbou.
Dit help ook vir hulle om eerstehands te ervaar hoe ons kwaliteit
nastreef,” verduidelik Jacques.
Volgens Jacques is hy baie lief vir die tafeldruifbedryf. Dit is
duidelik as gekyk word na hulle belegging en ontwikkeling van
30 hektaar tafeldruiwe per jaar vir die volgende twee jaar op die
sowat 180 hektaar plaas Brandwacht in Worcester, wat aan die
voete van die Brandwacht berge geleë is.
Hulle bestuur ook die buurplaas Ambiance namens die sakeman
Tebogo Mogashoa. Nuwe aanplantings van meer as 80 hektaar
word oor die volgende drie jaar beplan.
Deur die vestiging van die meer as 100 hektaar oor drie jaar
op Brandwacht beoog Jacques om deur die bestuursvernuf
van Modderdrift tussen 120 en 600 nuwe voltydse en tydelike
werksgeleenthede onderskeidelik te skep.
“Ons was redelik grondhonger oor die afgelope drie jaar. Die
doel is om van die beste tegnologie in beide verbouingspraktyke,
besproeiing, sowel as pakstoor tegnologie in plek te sit.”
Die feit dat Jacques die plaaslike kompetisie gewen het is nie ’n
prestasie wat hy enigsins op sy eie behaal het nie.
Hy noem geredelik dat hulle ook van ander suksesvolle
produsente leer en graag kers opgesteek het by een van die
vorige Jong Boer van die Jaar wenners, Jaco du Toit.
“Ons het almal mekaar nodig veral in familie besighede. Dit baat
nie elke persoon neem ’n gedeelte op hul eie terwyl julle saam
soveel meer groei kan toon en meer werksgeleenthede vir selfs
ander familielede kan skep.”
Advies aan produsente wat graag die jongste tegnologie wil
bekom, maar net nie oor genoeg kapitaal beskik nie.
“Voor jy die ou trekker vervang moet jy eers daarop fokus om
produksie te verhoog deur beter produksie praktyke toe te pas.
Maak ook gebruik van nuwe idees en jong boere wat met nuwe
idees en energie kan help.”
“Ons het ook gekyk na die hart gedeelte van ons plaas, naamlik
die mense. Voorheen was daar baie konflik onder werknemers,
middel misbruik, swak sosiale gedrag, ens. Ons het eerstens met
die geestelike gedeelte gewerk deur ons self as goeie voorbeelde
daar te stel. Daar is ook toegespits op opleiding, beide tegnies
sowel as lewensvaardighede, soos leierskap, noodhulp en ander
kursusse.”
Verskeie kursusse is aangebied in samwerking met die Hexvallei
Tafeldruiwe Assosiasie en die Wes-Kaapse Department van
Landbou op Elsenburg wat daarop gemik is om landbouwerkers
op te hef. “Na ons belangstelling begin toon het deur die verskeie
aksies, het die hele plaas verander,” vertel Jacques.
“Ek glo die hemel bied geen perke nie. Dit is als deur die genade
van die Here,” is Jacques se laaste woorde terwyl hy met planne
in die hand heel opgewonde aan die elektrisiën uitwys wat
volgende op die plaas gedoen moet word.
– Alle sterkte met die nasionale kompetisie!
CLAYTON SWART
SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN | 15
SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN
MODULÊRETAFEL- EN DROOGDRUIFKURSUS:
SERTIFIKAATPLEGTIGHEID IN KAKAMAS
Op 5 Desember 2015, is 16 sertifikate toegeken aan leerders vir
suksesvolle voltooiing van die 2015 Modulêre Kursus in Tafelen Droogdruifverbouing wat in Kakamas aangebied was deur
SATI en LNR Infruitec-Nietvoorbij. ’n Totaal van 48 persone is
opgelei: 27 persone was geregistreer vir die volle kursus en
21 persone het enkelmodules bygewoon. Die sertifikaat vir
die beste student vir die 2015-kursus is toegeken aan Jasper
Coetzee van Berikisang.
begrip en korrekte toepassing van die basiese beginsels
noodsaaklik.
Daar word beplan om die kursus weer in hierdie jaar aan te
bied, afhangend van behoeftes aangedui deur die bedryf.
SATI stel fondse beskikbaar vir subsidiëring van die kursusfooi,
onderhewig aan sekere vereistes. Vir verdere besonderhede,
kontak: Eunice Avenant by [email protected]
Piet Karsten (Snr), stigter en voorsitter van die KarstenGroep en huidige Suid-Afrikaanse Boer van die Jaar, was die
gasspreker tydens die geleentheid en het sy perspektief oor
die “Belang van Opleiding in die Tafeldruifbedryf” soos volg
gegee.
•Landbou en spesifiek tafeldruifverbouing is ’n
mensebesigheid.
• Opleiding is van kardinale belang om mense te bemagtig,
ondersteun en seker te maak hul weet wat aangaan
(verstaan die “hoekoms” agter verbouingspraktyke).
• Tyd en energie wat in werknemers se menswees belê
word, maak van hulle afgeronde mense met selfvertroue,
wat beter toegerus is om hul werk effektief te doen en by
te dra tot verbetering van die besigheid en die bedryf
se vaardigheidsvlakke en sukses. Daaruit kom die mooi
stories, soos ’n One-boy Maleko wat as ’n algemene werker
begin het, maar vandag ’n volwaardige produksiebestuurder
is. (One-boy is een van die persone wat tydens die plegtigheid
sy sertifikaat ontvang het).
Ten einde in die hoogs kompeterende internasionale
tafeldruifbedryf te oorleef en volhoubaar te bly, is goeie
Kursusgangers wat sertifikate ontvang het tydens die
sertifikaatplegtigheid van die 2015 Modulêre Kursus in
Tafel- en Droogdruifverbouing (Oranjeriviergebied) in
Kakamas, saam met mnre Piet Karsten Snr en Piet du Plessis
(Karsten-Groep), Eunice Avenant (SATI en US), Jan Avenant
(LNR Infruitec-Nietvoorbij) en Dirk Rabie (Berikisang).
EUNICE AVENANT (SATI & Stellenbosch Universiteit) en
JAN AVENANT (LNR Infruitec-Nietvoorbij)
Evaluering van Tafeldruif-opleidingsprogramme deur bedryf
SATI en Stellenbosch Univeristeit (SU) beplan om in elk van die 5 produksiestreke, ’n kort werkswinkel met die direksie (en ook
belangstellende produsente) te hou, om die inhoud van die Tafeldruifvakke wat tans by SU en Elsenburg aangebied word, asook die
inhoud van die Modulêre Kursus in Tafeldruifverbouing, met hulle deur te gaan en hul insette te kry oor hoe die opleiding aan huidige
bedryfsbehoeftes voldoen.
Twee verdere werkswinkels (een met tegniese persone werksaam in die tafeldruifbedryf en een met afgestudeerde
Wingerdkundestudente, van onlangs afgestudeer tot lank gelede) word ook beplan. Op 25 Februarie 2016 is die eerste van die reeks
van sewe werkwinkels in Marble Hall met die NTA-direksie gehou.
Die insette van produsente en ander rolspelers in die bedryf is uiters belangrik om seker te maak, dat studente en kursusgangers die
regte opleiding ontvang om hul toe te rus om effektief te kan werk en ’n produktiewe bydrae te maak in die tafeldruifbedryf.
Vir verdere besonderhede, kontak:
Eunice Avenant (082-7577352) of [email protected]
EUNICE AVENANT (SATI & Stellenbosch Universiteit)
16 | SATI Tegniese | Technical BULLETIN
THE SATI TEAM
WILLEM BESTBIER | CEO
[email protected]
EUNICE AVENANT | Training Manager
[email protected]
LINDI BENIC | Trade/Market Access Affairs Manager
[email protected]
WILTON SEPTEMBER | Transformation Manager
[email protected]
CLAYTON SWART | Communications and PR Manager
[email protected]
STEPHEN TERBLANCHE | Accountant
[email protected]
THURIA LEVY | Office Administrator
[email protected]
JOSEPH LOMBARDT | Information and Knowledge Manager
[email protected]
DAWIE MOELICH | Technical and Market Access Manager
[email protected]
TARRYN WETTERGREEN | Research and Technology Transfer
[email protected]
South African Table Grape Industry (SATI)
63 Main Street | Paarl | 7646 | Western Cape | South Africa
Tel: +27 (0) 21 863 0366 | Fax: +27 (0) 21 863 0339 | Email: [email protected] | Website: www.satgi.co.za