board of foreign missions

Transcription

O verflow of
1.50 0 a t O n e ok M r. S h e r w o o d E d d y 's K v a n o k i . i s t k
M e i t i n c s in
C h in a
ANNUAL REPORT
OF T H E
*
BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS
O f
th e
M e th o d ist
E p isco p a l
Church
FOR TH E YEAR 1914
B E IN G
TH E
PORT
FROM
N IN E T Y -S IX T H
TH E
RE
F O U N D IN G
OF
T H E M IS S IO N A R Y S O C IE T Y O F T H E
M E T H O D IS T
E P IS C O P A L
CHURCH
BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS OF TH E
METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH
150 F IF T H A V E N U E , N E W Y O R K
C
able
A
d d ress:
M
is s io n s ,
N
ew
M e Divinity Library
New Haven, Conn.
Y
ork
N E £
J
CONTENTS
AN N U AL M E E T IN G S IN 1 9 1 4 ............................................................................................
307
A PP R O P R IA TIO N S F O R 191S..................................................................
300
A P PR O PR IA TIO N S F O R T E N Y E A R S . 1906-191S...........................................................
348
B Y -L A W S .............................
368
CHANGES AMONG M ISSIO N AR IES
.......................................................................
333
C H A R TE R O F T H E B O A R D O F F O R EIG N MISSIONS................................................
361
CO N STITU TIO N ......................................................................................................................
364
F IN AN CE S O F TH E BO A R D O F F O R EIG N MISSIONS, 1907-1914............................
352
F IN AN CE S O F TH E M ISSION ARY S O C IETY . 1 8 19 -19 0 6 ........................................................
350
FO R EIG N MISSIONS R EPO R T S:
A f r i c a ..................................................
A s i a .......................................................
A u s t r i a -H u n g a r y ...........................
B e n g a l .................................................
B o m b a y ..................................................
B u l g a r i a .............................................
B u r m a .....................................................
C e n t r a l C h i n a ................................
C e n t r a l P r o v i n c e s ........................
C h i l e .......................................................
C h i n a ......................................................
D e n m a r k ...............................................
E a s t C b n t r a l A f r i c a ...................
E a s t e r n S o u t h A m e r ic a ............
E u r o p e ...................................................
F i n l a n d .................................................
F o o c h o w ................................................
F r a n c e ...................................................
H in g h w a ...............................................
I n d i a .......................................................
I t a l y ................................................—
132
82
J a p a n .....................................................
K o r e a ....................................................
L i b e r i a .................................................
M a l a y s i a .............................................
M e x ic o .................................................. ..............
N or th A f r i c a ................................... ............
N o r th A n d e s ....................................
N or th C h i n a .....................................
N or th G e r m a n y .............................. ..............
N o r th I n d ia .................................... ..
N o r t h w e s t I n d ia ............................
N o r w a y .................................................
P h il ip p in e I s l a n d s .........................
R u s s i a ...................................................
S o u t h A m e r i c a ......... ......................
S o u th G e r m a n y .............................. ............
S o u th I n d i a ...................................... ..............
S w e d e n .................................................
S w it z e r l a n d ....................................... ...........
W e s t C e n t r a l A f r i c a .................
W e s t C h i n a .......................................
.......
197
124
266
241
194
32
195
53
195
G E N E R A L COM M ITTEE OF F O R EIG N MISSIONS............ .........................................
7
IN M E M O R IA M ......................................................................................................................
354
IN T R O D U C T O R Y N O TE B Y TH E P R E S ID E N T .............................................................
9
MEM OIRS..................................................................................................................................
30s
M ISSIONARIES IN A M E R IC A ..................
341
M ISSION ARIES OF T H E B O A R D ..................................................................................... 308, 319
M ISSIONARIES OF T H E W. F. M. S ................................................................................. 315,329
OFFICER S A N D A PPR O PR IA TIO N S, W . F. M. S ............................................................
O FFICER S A N D M ANAGERS. B O A R D O F FO R EIG N MISSIONS............................ .
O R D E R O F B U SIN ESS IN M EETIN G S OF T H E B O A R D ............................................
345
3
373
PATRON S, H O N O R A R Y L I F E M ANAGERS, A N D L IF E M EM B E R S...........................
355
R E C R U IT S OF TH E B O A R D ................................................................................................
336
R E T IR E D M ISSIO N A R IES ...................................................................................................
343
STAN D IN G COM M ITTEES OF T H E B O A R D ...................................................................
6
SUM M ARY O F F O R E IG N MISSIONS S TA TIST IC S ........................................................346.353
T R E A S U R E R S ’ R E P O R T ......................................................................................................
291
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D is ta n c e s fr o m N ew Y o r k in N a u tie a l M ile *.
..
THE W O R L D
C hristiania.....................3 8 3 5 Tokyo
1 3 ,0 7 2
%
H am burg......................... 3 5 7 7 Buenos A yres................ 5 8 3 8
_*• R o m e .............................. 4 1 7 6 Panama (Colon)............ 1 9 7 2
3
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Calcutta .....................9 7 9 5
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*
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Mexico (Vera Cruz; 1 9 9 2 *
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Manila, via Suez 1 1 , 5 8 4
Francisco - - 6 2 3 8
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L am i
F O R E I G N M I S S I O N 'S
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F o r e ig n M is s io n s
O FFICE R S
President
B IS H O P L U T H E R B. W IL S O N
B i s h o p J. H. V i n c e n t ,
E arl C r a n sto n ,
“
D . H. M o o r e ,
J. W . H a m i l t o n ,
“
J. F. B e r r y ,
W . F. M c D o w e l l ,
“
J. W . B a s h f o r d ,
“
W illia m B u r t,
“
T. B. N e e ly ,
“
W . F. A n d e r s o n ,
“
J. L . N u e l s e n ,
“
W . A . Q u a y le ,
G eorge J . F e r r y
Ja m e s M . B
V ice-Presidents
B ish o p
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
J.
E lected
1912.
S.
E dw ard L . D
u ckley
M.
W. S. L e w i s ,
E. H . H u gh es,
F. M . B r i s t o l ,
H . C. Stu n tz,
T . S. H e n d e r s o x .
W . O. S h e p a r d ,
N a p h ta li L u c co c k ,
F . J. M c C o n n e l l ,
F . D . L e e te ,
R. J. C o o k e ,
W . P. T h i r k i e l d .
W
o b b in s
il l ia m
V. K
elley
Y o rk
C ornell
Corresponding Secretaries
E arl
T
a y l o r ...........................................................................150
F i f t h A v e .,
N ew
1912.
W illia m
F . O l d h a m ................................................................ 150 F ifth A ve.,
N ew
Y o rk -
1912.
F r a n k M a s o n N o r t h ................................................................ 150 F i f t h A ve.,
N ew
Y o rk
1 9 1 2.
A d n a B . L e o n a r d ............................................................................. 150 F if t h A v e ., N e w Y o r k
190 2.
S tep h en
Genere,! Corresponding Secretary Em eritus
Recording Secretary
O . B e n t o n ........................................
150 F i f t h A v e ., N ew Y o r k
Treasurer
1913.
G e o r g e M . F o w l e s ..................................................................... 150 F i f t h A v e .,
N ew
Y o rk
Assistant Treasurer
1900.
H en ry
C . J e n n i n g s ............................................ zzo W e s t F o u r t h
S t ., C in c in n a t i , O .
Departm ent Officers
1909.
19 12 .
19 12 .
19 12 .
M is s io n a r y E d u c a t io n ( u n d e r j o in t m a n a g e m e n t w ith B o a r d o f H o m e
M is s io n s a n d B o a r d o f S u n d a y S c h o o ls ) , G e o r g e F . S u t h e r l a n d ,
S e c re ta ry
- . . . ..................................................................... 150 F i f t h
E d it o r ia l & P u b lic a t io n s , G e o r g e H e b e r J o n e s , S e c r e t a r y ,
A v e ., N e w
Y o rk
150 F i f t h A v e ., N e w Y o r k
I n c o m e , J a m e s E . C r o w t h e r , S e c r e t a r y ........................ 150 F i f t h A v e ., N e w Y o r k
C a n d id a te s , T
hom as
S .D
o n o h u g h .S e c r e t a r y .
. . . 150 F i f t h A v e .,
N ew Y o rk
19 12 .
1914 .
S p e c i a l A s s is t a n t S e c r e t a r y ( H o n o r a r y ) , F r e d e r i c k H . S h e e t s . .E v a n s t o n , 111.
S p e c ia l G if t s a n d M is s io n a r y E v a n g e lis m , J a m e s M . T a y l o r , S e c r e t a r y ,
1914 .
M a n a g in g E d it o r , W o r ld
1914 .
B u s in e s s M a n a g e r , W o r ld O u t lo o k , E d . M . W
1912 .
F i e ld W o r k in th e S o u th , J. C . S
O u t lo o k , W
il l a r d
E . P r ic e ,
h e r r il l ,
il l is
. .1 5 0 F i f t h A v e ., N e w Y o r k
S e c re ta ry ,
18 N . Compton A v e ., S t. Louis, Mo.
1912 .
Office M anager, C. C. M i l e ^ ................................................... 150 F ifth A ve., N ew Y ork
Foreign Missions Report
4
BOARD O F M ANAGERS
Bishops
B i s h o p J o h n H . V i n c e n t , 5700 W ashington A ve., Chicago, 111.
E a r l C r a n s t o n , 181 i Irvin g St., N . W., W ashington, D. C .
“
D a v i d H . M o o r e , Indianapolis, Ind.
“
J o h n W . H a m i l t o n , 386 Com monwealth A ve., Boston, Mass.
“
J o s e p h F . B e r r y , 615 M utual L ife B uilding, Philadelphia, Pa.
“
W i l l i a m F . M c D o w e l l , 1020 South W abash A ve., Chicago, 111.
“
J a m e s W . B a s h f o r d , Peking. China.
“
W i l l i a m B u r t , 4 5 5 Franklin St., Buffalo, N. Y .
“
L u t h e r B. W i l s o n , 150 F ifth A ve., N ew Y o r k City.
“
T h o m a s B. N e e l y , 4 5 1 3 Chester A ve., Philadelphia, Pa.
W i l l i a m F . A n d e r s o n , 220 W est Fourth St., C incinnati, O .
“
J o h n L. N u e l s e n , Zurich, Sw itzerland.
“
W i l l i a m A . Q u a y l e , Saint Paul, Minn.
“
W i l s o n S. L e w i s , Foochow, China.
“
E d w i n H . H u g h e s , 4 35 Buchanan St., San Francisco, Cal.
“
F r a n k M. B r i s t o l , Om aha, Neb.
“
H o m e r C . S t u n t z , Buenos A ires, A rgentina, South Am erica.
“
T h e o d o r e S. H e n d e r s o n , Chattanooga, Tenn.
“
W i l l i a m O . S h e p a r d , Kansas C ity, Kan.
“
N a p h t a l i L u c c o c k , H elena, Mont.
“
F r a n c i s J. M c C o n n e l l , Denver, Colo.
“
F r e d e r i c k D . L e e t e , A tlan ta, Ga.
“
R i c h a r d J. C o o k e , Portland, Ore.
“
W i l b u r P. T h i r k i e l d , N ew Orleans, La.
Missionary Bishops
B ish o p
“
“
“
“
“
‘‘
“
Jam es
M . T h o b u r n , M eadville, Pa.
Joseph
C. H a r t z e l l , Funchal, M adeira Islands.
F ran k
W . W a r n e , Lucknow , India.
I s a ia h
B. S c o t t , M onrovia, Liberia, A frica.
J o h n E . R o b i n s o n , Bangalore, India.
M e r r i m a n C. H a r r i s , Seoul, Korea.
J o h n W . R o b i n s o n , B o m b a y , I n d ia .
W i l l i a m P . E v e l a n d , M a n ila , P. I.
Ministers
R e v . J. M. B u c k l e y , D .D ., M orristown, N . J.
“
H . A . B u t t z , D .D ., M adison, N . J.
J. F . G o u c h e r , D .D ., 2313 St. P aul St., Baltim ore, Md.
C. R. B a r n e s , D .D ., 518 H udson St., Hoboken, N. J.
“ E . S. T i p p l e , D .D ., M adison, N . J.
“ G. P. M a i n s , D .D ., 150 F ifth A ve., N ew Y ork C ity.
“ W . V . K e l l e y , D .D ., 150 F ifth A ve ., N ew Y ork City.,
“ J. L . H u r l b u t , D .D ., 93 Quitm an St., N ew ark, N . J.
“
G . P. E c k m a n , D .D ., Scranton, Pa.
“ B.
C. C o n n e r , D .D ., Care of Dickinson Seminary,- W illiam sport, Pa.
“ J. W . M a r s h a l l , D .D ., 93 W ebb A ve., O cean Grove, N . J.
“
W . I. H a v e n , D .D ., B ible H ouse, N ew Y o r k C ity.
“ A . J. C o u l t a s , D .D ., 40 C hestnut St., N ew Bedford, Mass.
“ J. E . A d a m s , D .D ., N ew Britain, Conn.
“
A l l a n M a c R o s s i e , D .D ., 150 F i f t h A ve., N ew Y ork C it y .
“
W a l l a c e M a c M u l l e n , D .D ., M adison, N. J.
“
J o h n K r a n t z , D .D ., 150 F ifth A ve., N ew Y o r k C ity.
“ E. G. R i c h a r d s o n , D .D ., 2 11 Clerm ont A ve ., Brooklyn, N . Y .
“ J. S . S t o n e , D .D ., 155 Pelham Road, N ew Rochelle, N . Y .
“ A . B. S a n f o r d , D .D ., 1602 Crotona Park, E ast, T h e Bronx, N. Y . C.
" G. C. P e c k , D .D ., 2212 St. Paul St., Baltim ore, Md.
“ G. W . I z e s , D .D ., 1402 N . 15th St., Philadelphia, Pa.
“ H. H . B e a t t y s , D .D ., N ew Rochelle, N . Y .
[1914
rc)i4]
R ev.
“
“
“
“
“
“
“
"
Board o f F o re ig n Missions
G. H . B i c k l e y , D .D ., 5319 N . Fron t St., Olney, Philadelphia, Pa.
D i l l o n B r o n s o n , D .D ., H otel W estm inster, B ack Bay, Boston, Mass.
W . H. B r o o k s , D .D ., 237 W . 53d St., N ew Y o rk C ity.
F. T . K e e n e y , D.D ., 603 U n iversity A v e ., Syracuse, N . Y .
W . H . M o r g a n , D .D ., 2190 Seventh A ve ., N ew Y o rk City.
E . S. N i n d e , D .D ., 88 Providence St., Providence, R.
I.
C. L. G o o d e l l , D .D ., 550 W est End A ve .. N ew Y ork C ity.
H . H . H e c k , D .D ., 399 Bergen St., Brooklyn, N. Y .
R. B. U e m y , D .D ., 290 M ount Prospect A ve., N ew ark, N . J.
Laymen
H o n . G . J. F e r r y , 21 W . 4th St., N ew Y o r k C ity.
L e m u e l S k i d m o r e , 69 Wra ll St., N ew Y o rk City.
W . H. F a l c o n e r , 100 Fourth A ve., N ew Y o rk City.
J. M . C o r n e l l , 560 W. 26th St., N ew Y o rk City.
H o n . E. L. D o b b i n s , 752 Broad St., N ew ark, N . J.
H o n . J. E. A n d r u s , Yonkers, N. Y .
S u m m e r f i e l d B a l d w i n , 1006 N. Charles S t ., Baltim ore, Md.
*G . C. B a t c . h e l l e r , 237 W. 72d St., N ew Y o rk C ity.
W i l l i s M c D o n a l d , 139A So. O xford St., Brooklyn, N . Y .
O h a r l e s G i b s o n , 415 State St., A lbany, N . Y .
G . W . F . S w a r t z e l l , 727 15th S t ., N . W ., W ashington, D . C.
J. M. B u l w i n k l e , 413 Fulton St., B rooklyn, N . Y .
J. W . P e a r s a l l , Ridgewood, N. J.
J o h n G r i b b e l , 1513 Race St., Philadelphia, Pa.
F . A . H o r n e , 161 Chambers St., N ew Y o r k C ity.
J. E. L e a y c r a f t , 30 E . 42d St., N ew Y o r k C ity.
W . A . L e o n a r d , 2107 Seventh A ve., N ew Y o r k C ity.
W . O. G a n t z , 52 Broadway, N ew Y ork C ity.
H. K . C a r r o l l , 145 W estervelt A ve., Plainfield, N . J.
C. R. S a u l , 149 Columbus A ve ., N ew Y o rk City.
C. E . W e l c h , W estfield, N . Y .
J a m e s R. J o y , 150 F ifth A ve ., N ew Y ork C ity.
J o h n T . S t o n e , Care of M aryland C asualty Co., Baltim ore, Md.
S . R. S m i t h , Freeport, N. Y .
R. H. M o n t g o m e r y , 55 Liberty St., N ew Y ork City.
*W . A . F o o t e , Jackson, M ich.
E. M . M c B r i e r , 280 Broadway, N ew Y o rk C ity,
G . B. H o d g m a n , 806 B roadway, N ew Y o r k City.
W . W . C a r m a n , Summit, N.
F. L. B r o w n , 247 N ew Y o rk A ve., B rooklyn, N . Y . «
C. H . F a h s , 25 M adison A ve., N ew Y ork City.
J o h n R o b e r t s , Stam ford, Conn.
J. W . C a s s e l l , 112 W est 120th St., N ew Y o r k City.
E . W . H a l f o r d , 150 F ifth A ve., N ew Y o rk City.
Honorary Managers
G e n . J. F. R u s l i n g , Trenton, N . J.
J o h n R . M o t t , 12 5 E . 2 7 th S t ., N e w Y o r k C ity.
R. B . W a r d , N ew Rochelle, N . Y .
G e o r g e W a r r e n B r o w n , S ain t Louis, Mo.
H a n f o r d C r a w f o r d , Saint Louis, Mo.
J a m e s A . H u s t o n , Sew ickley, Pa.
J a m e s H . W e l c h , E lizabeth, N . J.
R e v . A . H. T u t t l e , D.D ., Summit, N . J.
R e v . J. B . F a u l k s , D.D ., Chatham, N . J.
R e v . D . G. D o w n e y , D .D ., 1.50 F ifth A ve., N e w Y o r k C ity.
R e v . L. C. M u r d o c k , D.D ., Scranton, Pa.
R e v . A . B . L e o n a r d , D .D ., 203 V an Buren St.,Brooklyn, N . Y .
R e v . A . J. N a s t , D .D .. Cincinnati, O.
R e v . P. M. W a t t e r s , D .D ., S o . A tlan ta Station, A tlan ta, Ga,
R e v . E . D. S o p e r , D .D ., M adison, N . J.
'“D eceased
6
[1914
S T A N D IN G C O M M IT T E E S
Executive Committee
B ish o p L . B . W ils o n , Ch'n,
L e m u e l S kidm ore ,
C. R. B arnes ,
W . V . K elley,
W . I. H aven,
J. M. B u l w in k le ,
J. E . L eaycraft ,
A llan M ac R ossie ,
E.
G . R ich ardson ,
J. R. J o t ,
J ohn K r a n t z ,
J. S. St o n e ,
J. M . C o r n e ll ,
W . A. L e o n a r d ,
C . R . Sa u l ,
E. S. T ippl e ,
G. P. M a c s ,
A . B . S a n fo rd ,
W . H . B r ooks ,
G . B . H odgman ,
F . L . B rown,
H . H . H eck,
W a llace M a c M u llen ,
E.
W. H alfo rd .
Foreign Administration
W . I. H aven,
A. J. Coultas,
G. W.
F.
SWABTZELL,
J. E . A dams,
J. E . L e a ycraft ,
Al l a n M ac R ossie ,
H . K . C a r ro ll ,
E. G . R ichardson ,
J. S. St o n e ,
A. B . 8 anfo bd ,
G.
C. P eck ,
G.
W. IZER,
C . E. W e lc h ,
EL H . B e attys ,
G.
H. B ick le y ,
D illon B ronson ,
W. H. B rooks ,
T . K eeney,
S. N inde , •
M . M cB beer,
J. M . B u c k l e y ,
C. L . G o o d e l l ,
F. L . B r o w n ,
C. H . F a h s ,
J, W. M a r sh all ,
H.
H . H eck,
R . B. U r m y .
Home Base
Advitory Members
The Corresponding Secretaries,
the Recording Secretary and the
Treasurer.
W . V. K e l l e y , Ch’n,
H. A. B b t t z ,
W . H . F a lconer ,
J . F . C ou c h e s ,
J . M . C or n e ll ,
C . R B a r n es,
E.
S. T ippl e ,
G. P . M a in s ,
J. L. H u rlbut ,
G . P. E c km an ,
B . C . C o nn er ,
C h ar l es G ibson ,
F.
E.
E.
F. A . H o r n e , Ch'n,
G . P. E ckman ,
W . I. H a v e n ,
J. M . B u l w in k le ,
A llan M a c R ossie ,
J. E . L e a ycraft ,
W. 0 . G a ntz ,
E . G . R ichardson ,
C. E . W elch ,
J. R . J o y ,
E. S. N inde ,
S. R . Sm ith ,
J. T . Stone ,
E. S. T ipple ,
H . K . C a r ro ll ,
G.
C . P e ck ,
W . H . M organ ,
G.
B . H odgman .
A . J. C oultas ,
J ohn G r ib b e l ,
E . M . M cB r ie r .
W illis M cD onald ,
J. W . M a r sh a l l ,
J. W . P e a r s a l l ,
W allace M a c M ul le n ,
F. T . K e e n e y ,
R . B. U r m y ,
J ohn R ob e r ts ,
J. W . C a ss e l l ,
C h ar les G ibson ,
E. W . H alfo rd .
Finance
J. E « L e a y c r a f t , Ch'n,
G . J. F e r r y ,
L em ue l S kidm ore ,
E . L . D ob b in s ,
J. E. A ndrus ,
J. M . B ul w in k le ,
F. A . H or n e ,
W . A . L eona r d ,
W . 0 . G an tz ,
E.
G . R ichardson ,
C . R . Sa u l ,
C . E . W elch ,
R . H . M ontgom ery ,
W . W . C arman,
J . S. S to n e ,
W allace M ac M ullen ,
J ohn R o berts,
G . B . H odgman ,
J. R . J oy .
Candidates
J. F . G o u c h e r , Ch'n,
C. R . B arneb ,
J. M . B uc kley ,
J. M . C ornell ,
E. S. T ippl e ,
W . V. K e lle y ,
J. W . P e arsall ,
G.
P. E ckm an ,
J. E . L eaycraft ,
A llan M ac R ossie ,
W allace M ac M ulle n ,
G . C. P eck ,
H . H . B e a tty s ,
W . H . M or ga n ,
C . L . G oodell ,
F . L . B row n ,
R . B . Ur m y .
Nominations
W allace M ac M ulle n ,
B ishop L. B . W ilson ,
W . V . K e lle y ,
F. A . H orne ,
J. E . L e a yc ra ft ,
J. F . G oucher ,
W. I . H a v e n ,
W. H . B rooks ,
W illis M c D onald ,
A . B . S anford ,
G . P . M a in s ,
J. W . P ea rsall ,
H . H . B e a tty s .
Ch’n,
Comity and Cooperation
W . I. H a v e n , Ch’n,
B ishop L . B . W ilson ,
J . F . G oucher ,
W. V. K e l l e y ,
J oh n G r ib b e l ,
W allace M ac M ullen ,
C . L . G oodell ,
SUMMERFIELD BALDWIN,
J. L . H u r l b u t ,
H.
A . B utt *,
G.
W. I ze r ,
G . H. B ic k le y ,
D illon B r onson .
Audits at New York
W. H . F alc on e r , Ch’n,
H. H. B e a tty s ,
S. R .
A. B.
J ohn
J ohn
S m it h ,
S a n fo rd ,
R o b e r ts ,
K r a n tz .
M E E T IN G S O F T H E B O A R D
T h e Board o f M anagers meets regularly in the Board Room in the Book Con
cern and M ission Building, 150 F ifth Avenu e, N ew Y ork, on the third T u e sd ay of
each month, at 2 -.30 p. m.
“ A n y person g iv in g $500 a t one tim e shall be an honorary m anager for l i f e ;
and any person givin g $1,000 at one time, shaU be a patron for li f e ; and such
m anager or .patron shall be entitled to a seat, and the right o f speaking, but not of
voting, in the m eetings o f the Board o f M anagers."
General Committee of Foreign Missions
i 9 I 4]
G e n e r a l Co m m it t e e
L u th e r
E a r l C ra n sto n ,
Thom as
D a v id H . M o o r e ,
J o h n W. H a m i l t o n ,
John L. N
J o s e p h F. B e r r y ,
W m . F. M c D o w e l l ,
Jam es
W.
W illia m
B a s h fo rd ,
m
. F. A
W
m
W
il s o n
F o r e ig n M is sio n s
Bishops
W ils o n ,
B.
B.
J o h n H . V in c e n t,
W
of
H om er C. S tu n tz ,
T h e o d o r e S. H e n d e r s o n ,
W illia m O . Sh ep ard ,
N e e ly ,
n d er so n ,
N a p h ta li L u c co c k ,
u elsen ,
F r a n c i s J. M c C o n n e l l ,
F r e d e r ic k D . L e e te ,
. A . Q u ayle,
S. L e w is ,
E d w in H . H
R i c h a r d J. C o o k e ,
u g h es,
W ilb u r P. T h ir k ie ld .
F r a n k M . B r is t o l ,
B u rt,
7
Missionary Bishops
Jo seph C . H ar tzell,
I s a i a h B. S c o t t ,
J o h n E . R o b in s o n ,
F
M e r r im a n
Ja m e s M . T
rank
h oburn,
W. W
arne,
C.
J o h n W . R o b in s o n ,
W illia m
P.
E v e la n d .
H a r r is ,
Corresponding Secretaries
S. E ar l T
aylor,
W illia m
F . O ld h a m ,
F r a n k M ason N orth .
General Corresponding Secretary E m eritus
A d n a B. L e o n a r d
Recording Secretary
S te p h e n
O . B e n to n .
Assistant Treasurer
Treasurer
G eo rge
M.
W
il l ia m
F.
D.
R epresentatives o f the General Conference Districts
C. B. A llen ,
J. H . S cott,
W . E. C a r p e n t e r ,
H ow ard,
C. W. K i n n e ,
H e n r y C . J e n n in g s .
F o w le s .
S haw ,
A l l a n M a c R o s s ie ,
D. E.
S. R . S m ith ,
R . S . L o v in g g o o d ,
A . B . H estw oo d,
S.
C.
J. G r e e n fie ld ,
E. W
J. G.
W
J. L . T
elch ,
J. G . M o o r e ,
F. J. C l e m a n s ,
S k e lto n ,
O tto W ilk e ,
J. S . S c h n e i d e r ,
D. D. F o r s y t h ,
A. J. W a l l a c e ,
J. P. M a r l a t t ,
A. M . S m i t h .
aylor,
R. G e t t y s ,
H. E. H o p p e r ,
J.
il s o n ,
H.
S. D u l a n e y ,
J. S . S e c r e s t ,
* 0. F . H y p e s ,
R o b ert S te p h e n s,
P e r le y Low e,
R epresentatives o f the Board o f Managers
M inisters
G.
E.
P. Eckm an,
W. V.
G.
D
R ic h a r d s o n ,
il l o n
E.
K e lle y ,
B r o nso n ,
A.
S.
T ip p le ,
J. C o u lt a s ,
J. M . B u c k l e y .
R eserves
G.
J. S. S to n e ,
H. B ic k le y ,
Laymen
A . H orne,
J. E . L e a y c r a f t ,
F.
J. M . B u l w in k l e ,
J. M . C o r n e ll,
J. W . P e a r sa ll,
W . O. Gantz,
♦Deceased
H.
H.
B e a tty s.
H.
K.
C a r r o ll,
J. R . J o y ,
J. T . S t o n e .
R eserves
W i l l i s M c D o n a ld ,
F.
L. B row n.
8
Foreign M issions R eport
Representatives of General Conference Districts and their
Conferences
I. R e v . W i l l i a m S h a w , D.D., M ontpelier, V t. F . D. H o w a r d , Chicopee Falls,
M ass.
(E a st M aine, E astern Swedish, M aine, N ew H am pshire, N ew England, N ew
E nglan d Southern, T ro y, Verm ont.)
II.
R ev.
A lla n
M a c R o s s i e , D .D .,
150
F ifth
A venue,
N ew
Y ork.
S. R.
S m i t h , Freeport, N . Y .
(D enm ark, Italy, N ew Jersey, N ew Y ork, N ew Y o rk East,
N ew ark, N orw ay, Sweden, Porto R ico M ission.)
I I I.
R e v . S. J. G r e e n f i e l d , D .D ., 1558 Kem ble St., U tica, N . Y .
C. E . W e l c h ,
W estfield, N . Y .
(Cen tral N ew Y ork, E rie, Northern N ew Y ork, W yom ing.)
IV . R e v . J. G. W i l s o n , 2017 Diam ond Street, Philadelphia, Pa. H . S. D u l a n e y ,
5 17 W e st Lombard Street, Baltim ore, M d.
delphia,
(Baltim ore, Central Pen nsylvan ia, P h ila
Pittsburgh, W est V irgin ia , W ilm ington.)
V.
R e v . J.
S.
S e c re st,
D .D ., C o s h o c to n ,
*0 . F.
O.
H y p e s , Springfield,
O.
(C en tral Ohio, C incinnati, N o rth -E ast Ohio, Ohio, K entucky.)
V I . R e v . J. H. S c o t t , D .D ., 2 5 1 1 O x fo r d St., Philadelphia,
Pa.
C. W .
K i n n e , Jacksonville, F la.
(A labam a, B lue R id ge-A tlan tic, Central Tennessee, D ela
ware, E a st Tennessee, G eorgia, G ulf, H olston, Liberia, N orth Carolina, S ain t Johns
R iver, South Carolina, W ashington.)
V I I . R e v . D . E. S k e l t o n , D .D ., 742 Barr Street, C incinnati, O. R . S . L o v i n g g o o d , Austin , T e x . (A tlan ta. Central Alabam a, Central M issouri, Florida, Lexin gton ,
Lincoln, L ittle Rock, Louisiana, M ississippi, Savannah,
M ississippi, W e st T e xa s, S o u th F lorida M ission.)
V III.
R e v . A . B. H e s t w o o d , D .D ., W ich ita, Kan.
(Arkan sas,
K ansas,
M issouri,
N orthw est
Kansas,
Tennessee,
T e xa s,
Upper
J. L . T a y l o r , Pittsburg, Kan.
Oklahom a,
Saint
Louis,
South
Kansas, Southw est K ansas, W estern Swedish.)
IX . R e v . J. R. G e t t y s , D .D ., U n iversity Place, Neb.
H . E . .H o p p e r , Indianola,
la . (D es M oines, Iowa, N ebraska, N orth Nebraska, N orthw est Iowa, N orthw est N e
braska, U pper Iow a, W est Nebraska.)
X.
ington
R ev.
R o b ert
S te p h e n s,
B oulevard, Chicago, 111.
D .D .,
D anville,
111.
P e r le y
Low e,
1822 W a sh
(Cen tral Illinois, Central Swedish, Illinois,
N o r
w egian and D anish, R ock R iver, Southern Illinois.)
X I.
R e v . C . B. A l l e n ,
C a rp e n te r,
B razil,
Ind.
D .D .,
no
(D etroit,
H azelw ood A venue, D etroit, M ich.
Indiana, M ichigan,
N orth
Indiana,
W . E.
N orthw est
Indiana.)
L ife
X I I . R e v . J. G. M o o r e , D .D ., St. Thom as, N . D .
F . J. C l e m a n s , N ew Y ork
Building, S ain t Paul, M inn.
(D akota, M innesota, N orth D akota, Northern
M innesota,
N orthern
Swedish,
W est
W isconsin, W isconsin,
B lack
H ills
Mission,
W yom in g M ission.)
X III.
R ev.
O tto
W i L k e , D .D .,
167 W oo ster A venu e,
Pasadena,
Cal.
J.
S.
S c h n e i d e r , 106 South H igh Street, Columbus, O.
(C a lifo rn ia Germ an, Central
Germ an, C hicago German, E ast German, N orth Germ any, N orthern Germ an, N orth
w est Germ an, Pacific Germ an, Sain t L ouis German, South G erm any, Southern G er
man, Sw itzerland, W est Germ an.)
X IV .
A ngeles,
H inghw a,
R e v . D . D . F o r s y t h , D .D ., U n ive rsity Park, Colo.
Cal.
(C aliforn ia,
K orea,
M exico,
Chile,
N orth
Colorado,
China,
E astern
Southern
South
A . J. W a l l a c e , Los
A m erica,
C a lifo r n ia ;
A rizon a,
Foochow,
H aw aii,
N evada, N ew M exico E nglish, N e w M exico Spanish, Pacific Chinese, Pacific Japanese,
U tah M issions.)
X V . R e v . J. P. M a r l a t t , D.D., 1914 Second Avenue, West, Seattle, Wash.
A. M. S m i t h , 1401 Yeon Building, Portland, Ore. (Bengal, Bombay, Columbia River,
Idaho, Malaysia, Montana, North India, North Montana, Northwest India, Oregon,
Philippine Islands, Puget Sound, South India, Western Norwegian-Danish, Alaska
Mission.)
♦Deceased
Introductory Note
9
In tr o d u cto r y N o te
By th e
P r e s id e n t o f
th e
B oard
T he outstanding event o f the year has been the w ar which, breaking out
A ugust i, 1914, has convulsed the world. E very M ission field has been affected.
In all the lands involved in the conflict, Servia alone excepted, the Methodist
Episcopal Church has been represented on both sides o f the struggle through
its own sons and daughters.
Bishop Nuelsen, w riting in the early days o f the conflict, indicated that
our people in Germany confronted conditions o f much anxiety and distress.
Hundreds o f our members have died at the front. M ore than a hundred
others have been awarded the Iron Cross. T h e first woman among Germans to
gain this distinction in the western theater o f w ar w as a German deaconess.
A ll o f our hospitals as well as the Theological School at F ra n k fo rt have been
used fo r the care o f the wounded. In France, w here our people are largely
engaged in farming, the crops that escaped the early floods were left standing
unharvested because o f the lack o f field workers. O ur French M ethodist men
have carried the ministry o f the Gospel o f Jesus Christ to the very battle fro n t;
in camp, bearing testimony to the power o f Christ to save, and in hospital, to
H is power to keep. In Russia, our property, both in Petrograd and in Finland,
was accepted and used by the governm ent fo r hospital purposes, our people
helping in the m inistry to the wounded. In Sw itzerland and in Norw ay, Sweden
and Denmark, the turmoil and confusion stirred the heart life o f our people to
its profoundest depths, and in the days o f anxiety and sorrow that have fo l
lowed they have found the meaning o f the consolation and hope o f the message
o f Jesus Christ as never before. In Italy, the w ar summoned ministers and lay
men alike to the colors. D r. Tipple w riting from Rome says: “ Thousands o f
Italy’s young men are under arms. Business is paralayzcd. W orkm en are
idle. Banks are calling in their loans. People have begun to cry fo r bread, and t
some o f these hungry ones are our own Methodists.” In A frica , throughout our
w ork among the pagan tribes from ocean to ocean, the disturbance has been
keenly felt. From N orth A fr ic a has come the same story. A s these lands are
under the flags o f the A llies, tw'o o f our m issionary families, being German in
their relationship— Dr. and Mrs. L ow ther from N orth A frica , and Mr. and Mrs.
Klebsattel from Portuguese W est A fr ic a — have been compelled to return to the
United States. In India, the gravity o f the financial situation has been increased
because o f the disturbance o f industrial and commercial relationship. Hindus
and Mohammedans have alike rallied to the support o f the British R aj, while
princes and people have manifested a loyalty unprecedented in Britain’s
imperial history. The w ar has resulted in creating a new bond o f sympathy
between the British and the Indians, grow in g out of the mutual sharing o f the
burdens o f the war. T he safety o f the foreign residents and the stability o f
the British governm ent are regarded as on a more secure basis in the affections
and good w ill o f the people than ever before.
T h e extension o f the conflict to China, through the outbreak o f hostilities
between Germ any and Japan, occasioned some anxiety. O ur missionaries, how
ever, were not in the zone o f conflict, and have suffered no particular incon
venience. On the other hand, the period has been m arked by a notable religious
advance, Bishop B ashford sending w ord that in the N orth China Conference
iô
alone the year has been marked by a gain o f tw enty per cent in church members
and twenty-five per cent in ministers. M exico’s own troubles have been accen
tuated by the distress due to the war. In South A m erica a great continent far
removed from the scene o f conflict, the financial and industrial distress has occa
sioned great embarrassment to our missions in every one o f the Conferences.
E arly in the war, the Board issued to the Church in A m erica a statement
o f the new situation created by the war, and appealed fo r funds to help relieve
the distress which prevailed. In response, over $100,000 was contributed and
has been used throughout the world. Bishop Nuelsen received $25,000 fo r the
relief o f conditions in Germany and A ustria. $13,000 has been assigned to
Belgium and France, and our Superintendent o f the w ork in France, Rev.
Ernest W . Bysshe, has won the lasting affection o f multitudes o f people because
o f the m inistry and relief which he was able to set in operation. W orkshops
w ere opened where hundreds o f French women w ere able to earn enough to
ward o ff hunger and starvation, while the articles m anufactured w ere used in
hospital and camp fo r the com fort and relief o f the soldiers. T he help sent
to Italy was acknowledged by a special message from H is M ajesty, the King,
expressing the gratitude o f the nation fo r the thoughtfulness o f the church.
In the more distant areas, in A frica , South Am erica, India, and Eastern Asia,
these funds, though but small in proportion to the amount o f suffering, came to
the relief o f immediate distress.
T h e concept o f Foreign M issions is the antithesis o f w ar. It stands fo r
the forces which, as they become dominant, render w ar impossible. I f a recur
rence o f the cataclysm ic conflict which has shaken the foundation o f human
society on every continent is to be rendered impossible, the w ork o f Foreign
M issions should be enlarged and strengthened in every land.
In accordance w ith the policy o f Secretarial visitation to our M ission fields
adopted at the beginning o f the quadrennium, Secretary T ay lo r and Secretary
N orth have made extensive and very helpful trips to our mission fields. Dr.
i T ay lo r visited our principal centers in South Am erica, and then crossing the
Atlantic, travelled throughout our fields both in N orth A fr ic a and in Europe. On
D r. T a y lo r’s return D r. N orth visited Eastern A sia, meeting and conferring
w ith our m issionaries in Japan, K orea, and China, M alaysia and the Philippines.
In spite o f the interruption o f ocean travel occasioned by the war, he was able
to continue his trip through India, w here his presence was greatly welcomed by
our missionaries to whom he brought real inspiration.
D u rin g the absence o f Secretaries T ay lo r and N orth additional duties
devolved upon Secretary Oldham, but the w ork o f the office has gone forw ard
system atically and successfully, so that no important demand upon the admin
istration o f the B oard has failed o f appropriate response.
T urnin g now to the conditions which prevail in the mission fields to which
but a passing reference can be made, the follow in g brief summary w ill indicate
some o f the outstanding developments.
In Japan, the T h ree Y e a rs’ Evangelistic Campaign now under way, in which
the M ethodist missionaries are cooperating with the other communions, has met
with a most encouraging response.
In Korea, a fine impression has been produced upon the native church by
the extension o f imperial clemency to the Christians who were under sentence
fo r alleged com plicity in a conspiracy, thus term inating w hat had become an
extrem ely distressing situation.
Introductory Note
ii
In China, the w ork o f our Union U niversities at N anking and Chengtu has
been marked by great prosperity. A n unusual evangelistic opportunity confronts
us everywhere throughout that Republic as a result o f the w ork done among
the students, commercial guilds, and gentry, by D r. M ott and M r. Eddy. T he
details o f the transform ation o f Pekin g U niversity from a denominational
school into a Union Institution are well under way.
In M alaysia, the eager thirst fo r knowledge upon the part o f the young
people o f the great new Chinese populations throughout the A siatic tropics has
overwhelm ed our mission schools.
In the Philippines, the Board has plans to meet its higher educational needs
fo r the grow in g Filipino Church by utilizing the facilities offered in the new
governm ent U niversity at Manila.
T w o great problems confront us in I n d ia : First, the persistence o f the Mass
M ovement which continues to grow in its challenge despite the almost tragic
neglect on the part o f the Christian Church in the matter o f an adequate provi
sion to meet its needs. Second, the important relation o f our w ork to the social
uplift o f its teeming population throughout our contract with the depressed
classes.
In A frica , we are in the midst o f the most remarkable year o f our history,
due to the emergence o f new elements o f permanency in our w ork both among
the M oslems in the M editerranean belt and among the native tribes o f pagan
A frica .
South A m erica comes definitely into the thought and sympathy o f the United
States, and this seems to be accompanied by a new responsiveness to evangelical
effort. Gospel w ork has pushed forw ard with new intensity and fruitfulness.
T he schools are finding firmer foundations and more distinctive evangelical
activity.
In M exico, a movement toward a united approach fo r evangelization has our
full sympathy and cooperation.
W e are glad to report that the Candidates’ Department o f the Board is bring
ing into the service o f the fields the finest type o f the Methodist student body.
There is a far larger supply o f men than o f money. T he siftin g processes in the
selection o f candidates are searching and thorough, and under present condi
tions; out o f every ten o r a dozen available men, it is possible to accept only one
or two.
One o f the most notable events in connection with the year has been the
launching o f W orld Outlook, the organ o f the foreign m issionary w ork o f
the Church. Under the leadership o f Secretary T aylor, w ith a staff o f com
petent editorial assistants, the magazine has won fo r itself golden opinions and
we believe will continue to merit in the future the favor with w hich its initial
numbers have been received.
T he field is vast, the survey necessarily hurried. It is utterly impossible to
visualize the w orld’s need. A great w orld is cryin g to us. Only a great answer
shall be w orthy o f us, an answer great as an attestation o f our unshaken loyalty
to the K ing, our undisturbed belief in the adequacy o f our Gospel, great as an
expression o f our unselfish yearning fo r the w orld’s redemption.
Little gifts, easy dedications, are incongruous. T h e great Christ calls us to
share in the salvation o f a great world. W e must go, we must give as though
we heard the call and caught the vision.
12
ASIA
T h e missions o f the Methodist Episcopal Church in A sia
are
divided into two great groups, those in Southern A sia and those in
Eastern Asia.
T h e missions in the first group consist o f the Con
ferences in India, Burma, M alaysia, and the Philippine Islands; in the
second group those in China, Japan, and Korea.
T h e work in India was begun bv R ev. W illiam
who arrived in Calcutta September 25, 1856.
Butler, D .D ..
W e now have seven
Conferences, the North India, N orthw est India, South India, Bombay,
Bengal, Central Provinces, and Burma.
T h e work in M alaysia was begun by Rev. W illiam F . Oldham,
D .D ., who arrived in Singapore in 1885.
It consists of one Annual
Conference, including work in the Straits Settlements, Java, Borneo,
and Sumatra.
T h e Philippine Islands work was begun by Bishop J. M .
Thoburn in 1889.
O u r first missionary, Rev. T . H . M artin, arrived in
M anila in 1900.
T h e work in China was begun by R ev. Judson D w igh t Collins
and R ev. Moses C. W hite, who arrived in China September 4, 1847.
T h e work now consists o f six Conferences, the Foochow , H inghw a,
Central, N orth, and Wrest China, and the K ian gsi M ission Conference.
T h e work in Japan was begun under the superintendency of Rev.
Robert S. M aclay, D .D ., who arrived there June n , 1873.
T h is work
was incorporated in organic union in the Japan M ethodist Church,
organized M ay, 1907.
A t the same time the status o f the M ethodist
Episcopal Church as a cooperating agency in the evangelization of
Japan was recognized.
T h e W ork in K orea was begun in 1885, our first missionaries, Rev.
H . G. Appenzeller and R ev. W illiam
B.
Scranton, M .D ., arriving
there in A p ril and M ay respectively o f that year.
100° L ongitu de
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110u fro m
G reenw ich
140
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DISTANCES BETWEEN PRINCIPAL POINTS
Nautical Miles on Water, English Statute Miles on Land
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•
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Naut.
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G o b i
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Yokohama to San Francisco.................................... 4 ,5 2 1
„
to Nagasaki ( via Kobe) ...............................7 3 8
Nagasaki to Sh a n g h a i...................................................4 6 7
Shanghai to Chemulpo (d irect) ........................
.5 0 3
,t
to Chungking ( via the Yangtze) . . . . 1 ,2 1 5
„
to T ie n ts in .....................................................7 5 5
,,
to Port Arthur .................
587
Port Arthur to London (via Trans-Siberian Ry.) 1 4 ,5 5 0
Shanghai to H o n g k o n g ................................................8 5 3
Hongkong to M anila....................................................... 6 4 0
„
to London ( via S u ez Canal) ................... 9 ,9 3 2
Peking to Hankow ( via railway) ................................ 7 5 0
Shimonoseki to F u s a n .................................................. 1 2 0
Fusan to Seoul (via railway ) .......................................2 6 0
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North India
13
N o r t h I n d ia Co n f e r e n c e
Th e N orth India Conference occupies that section o f the U nited Provinces of
A gra and Oudh which lies east and north of the R iver Ganges. T h e area o f this
section is about 50,000 square miles, and tile population 31,000,000— over one tenth
o f the population of the Indian empire— of whom the m ission w ork o f the C on fer
ence nom inally touches about 17,000,000, the southeastern part of the territory not
being occupied by the M ethodist Episcopal Church.
On the northeast this C on fer
ence borders on the forbidden lands of Nepal and Tibet. T h e grand-trunk pike, a
stone road 1,500 miles long, runs through the Conference territory. Th ere are three
railways, nam ely, the Oudh and Rohilkhand, the Rohilkhand and Kum aun, and the
Lucknow -Sitapur.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun by the R ev. W illiam Butler, who
arrived in India Septem ber 25, 1856.
December, 1864, the India M ission Con
ference was organized, and in 1873 the powers of an A nnual C onference were con
ferred upon it. In the greater part o f this region the M ethodist Episcopal Church is
alone in the field'. T h e Church M issionary Society, the London M issionary Society,
and the W esleyan M ethodist M ission occupy portions in the southeast, and the L o n
don- M issionary Society has work in the mountain tracts.
B A R E IL L Y
D IS T R IC T
Th e Bareilly D istrict, area 3,800 square miles, population 3,000,000, is geographi
cal center o f the N orth India Conference.
T h e Bareilly presiding elder’s district,
one o f the original three districts, was constituted in 1864, about the city o f Bareilly
as a center.
N o other missions are at work in this region except the Salvation
A rm y. T h e district has two centers where foreign missionaries are located— B areilly
and Shahjahanpur.
It now includes part o f the territory o f the form er Pilibhit
District.
Bareilly
B.-ircilly (.population, 129,462) is the headquarters of both the civil and m ilitary
adm inistrations o f the district o f Rohilkhand.
It is the junction o f the Oudh and
Rohilkhand, and Rohilkhand and Kum aun, and the Lucknow -Sitapur R ailw ays.
It
is 812 miles from Calcutta and 1,031 miles from Bombay, and is said to be one of
the most healthful cities in N orth India. B areilly is a center for the m anufacture o f
furniture.
M ethodist mission work was begun in December, 1856, upon the arrival o f the
Rev. W illiam Butler.
T h e first public worship was conducted February 25, 1857,
but the city was abandoned at the outbreak of the M utiny in 1857.
It was again
occupied in 1859.
T h e first M ethodist mission press was established here in 1861.
T h e B areilly T h eo logical Sem inary was opened in 1872.
S alvation A rm y head
quarters are here.
M ission aries: Mrs. Lydia D. Blackstock, Rev. Oscar M. B uck (on furlough) and
Mrs. Buck (on furlou ghj, Rev. Stephen S'. Dease, M .D., and M rs. D ease, M .D..
Mrs. Florence P. M ansell, and Rev. Clem ent D. Rockey.
W . F. M. S .: M isses
Celesta Easton (on furlough), E sther Gimson, M .D., and Ida G. Loper.
Institution s: B areilly Th eological Seminary, B areilly B o y s’ M iddle School.
W . F. M. S .: W om an’s H ospital, N urses’ Training School and D ispensary, G irls’
Orphanage.
Shahjahanpur
Shahjahanpur (population. 7 1,77 s) is the adm inistrative headquarters of the
civil district o f the same name.
It occupies the high ground on the west bank of
Garra R iver, just above its junction with the Khanauj R iver.
It is on the Oudh
and Rohilkhand R ailw ay, 768 miles from C alcutta and 987 m iles from Bombay.
S hahjahanpur has a large sugar factory, and in the district much sugar cane is raised.
There is a m ilitary cantonment.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1859. N o other mission boards
arc at work here.
M issionaries: Rev. Paul M illholland and Mrs. M illholland, Rev. H arrv H.
W eak and Mrs. W eak, Row John N . W est (on furlough), and Mrs. W est (on
fu rlou gh ).'
14
[1914
In stitution s: C ity B o ys’ H igh School, Lodipur Christian B o ys’ O rphanage and
Industrial School. W . F. M . S . : B idw ell M em orial G irls’ B o a rd in g and H igh School.
H. H. W
eak,
Superintendent
B areilly D istrict is divided into fifteen circuits, and has a total Christian
follow in g o f 13,685, which is increasing at the rate o f 1,000 a year. T here were
1,333 baptisms during the year— 188 more than last year. F o r a population o f
2,500,000 there are 195 paid w orkers, not including the assistants and teachers
in Christian schools.
T h e Sw eeper community is rapidly becoming Christian— nearly 1,200 in
quirers are reported from am ong the upper castes and the coming year should
witness the baptism o f 2,000. D u rin g the year fo rty-six Bibles, 1 10 N ew T esta
ments, 12,192 Gospel portions and about 20,000 tracts were distributed.
T here are thirty-three recognized centers o f worship w here regular services
are held every Sabbath. T he church has a membership o f 2,687 and there are
3,167 probationers. T here are 207 Sunday schools with a membership o f 7, 179,
twenty-nine Epworth Leagues with 1,147 members and eighteen Junior Leagues
w ith 543 members. A bout sixty voluntary w orkers give part time to mission
w ork.
Educational Institutions
B areilly T heological Sem inary— Principal L. A . Core.
O b ject: T h e training o f men fo r native ministry. It serves the N orth
India and, N o rth w est India. Conferences principally since it is the only school
o f its kind fo r this entire language area o f 30,000,000 people.
V a lu e : Site, and buildings are w orth Rs. 124,000. A ll property is free from
deb t
B areilly M iddle School trains 200 boys and is nearly self-supporting.
T h e building is located in one o f the most crowded bazaars o f - B areilly city
and its continued use means a constant loss to the mission o f about one third
o f the income from fees, because no room w ill admit a fu ll class o f students.
Shahjahanpur H ig h School— Principal, H . H . W eak— is a boys’ school and
is entirely self-supporting. T he attendance is 292, fourteen o f whom are in
the Business Departm ent. A Sunday school maintained in connection with the
high school has an average attendance o f seventy. T h e Government has given
Rs. 40,000 tow ard a new building whiqh w ill shortly be erected.
Lodipur School and Orphanage (L o w e r M iddle) is the only boarding
school in the district and has 150 pupils and is filled to capacity. L arge num- ,
bers have been turned aw ay— from one district alone w e refused thirty-five
boys. It is a grow in gly important institution, combining within its boundaries
an orphanage, a middle school and the only industrial school o f the Conference.
T h e latter has fe lt the effect o f the w ar. It was nearly self-supporting, but
now w o rk is at a standstill.
T h ere are fo rty village schools in the district— nineteen fo r boys and twentyone fo r girls— with a total enrollment o f 1,585* nearly half o f whom are Chris
tians. A ccordin g to reports we have tw enty per cent more Christian girls than
b&ys in our schools.
M edical w ork is carried 011 by the W om an’s F oreign M issionary Society.
I f largeness o f opportunity could inspire one to great efforts the B areilly
D istrict, since its reconstruction in January, 1914, ccrtainly ought to furnish a
1 I!IC Dll KRSKY,
OK INDIAN DrKSSM AKKR, Us]N(¡ A SlNCKK SlCWlNtJ MacIIINK, BaRKIU.Y, JnDIA
IN D IA
NO. O
BOARD OF FO REIG N M ISSIO NS
M E T H O D IS T EPISCO PA L
CH U R CH
CONFERENCES
IN INDIA
Scale of Statute Milos
eoo
3oo
A m r itin ir S r '
M anasarotvur
Ì^ L a lc tin
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H yderabad
P a tn a
Western
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1'
a M a s s a m /
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IT E R A J i*
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I
Distances between
Important Points
M a n g a lo r ^ ^ ^ y ^ ^ ^ ^ .
Merc
L A C C A D IV E
Nautical Miles on Water,
G^ ™ a n o r ? L _ r
ISLAND9
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G u lf o f
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Colombo
Boundaries andTnames of
CoílfetenCIS* are shown in red
7
„
to & mia (Ry.) .
. . . 1,2 1 0 *
»
«
<•
( R y .) ____ 1,0 5 0 *
Calcutta to Simla ( R y .)........... 1,2 0 0 *
a
to R a n g o o n ....................73 7
Rangoon to Sin gapore.............. 1 .1 3 3
Singapore to C olom b o .............. 1,5 7 7
••
to H ongkong
1 ,4 4 0
* Engiish Statute Mlles
Gali«
P on di a l i pad____
____
Longitudo East
¿ K a n Z : : : : : : : 6:™
to Madras ( R y .) ......... 300*
Trineomalee * adm‘ to 0a h M a (f - s -> ■■■■
fifa
Manta'
-
«
to Calcutta ( R y . ) . . . 1,2 3 5 *
u
to C o lo m b o
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Colombo to M adras
530
r< ¥
^MINlKOI
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— Land
„„ M 12
----------------------------
80°
from Groeitwlch
the| matthcws-n'ort h iw won*», >orr«io.}w. v.
HI
ss
North India
15
pow erful incentive. T he district comprises the larger portion o f three Civil
D istricts; contains a population o f about 2,500,000, mostly cultivators and arti
sans ; covers a territory roughly fo rty by eighty miles in e x te n t; has located
within its bounds three large cities, Bareilly, Shahjahanpur, and P ilib h it; and
with its splendid system o f roads is easily accessible throughout.
The buildings range in size from the splendid and substantial ones o f the
Theological Sem inary at B areilly to the simplest and most elementary kind o f
mud hut with thatched roof. T he large number o f in ferior buildings form erly
acquired may have been a necessity at the time fo r economic reasons, but they
have proved highly unsatisfactory, and a constant cause fo r heavy expense and
annoyance.
Educational w ork in the district is o f several kinds and fairly compre
hensive. T he Theological Sem inary at Bareilly, under the efficient leadership
o f Dr. Core, continues its useful career and sent out a strong class in M ay to
enter the needy fields. T h e preaching band o f the school reaches thousands
every month and the students supervise a number o f prom ising Sunday
schools. T h e H igh School fo r boys at Shahjahanpur has had the best year in
its history. In the M atriculation Examinations fifty-seven per cent o f the stu
dents sent up passed; the fees and grant from Government are sufficient not
only to pay all running expenses but also to provide all the improvements pos
sible in our present building. Collections are received from the non-Christian
students who also furnish a regular Christmas program each year. T h e acquisi
tion o f the new building site and playground has already been referred to and
it is hoped that before another year has passed the new building, fo r which
the Government has given Rs. 40,000, will be a reality. T h e Industrial School
and Orphanage at Lodipur is passing through a very tryin g period. In July
the inrush o f boys from the district was so great that even a fte r a total o f
150 had been reached a large number had to be denied admission. W e had
no support fo r the large number admitted but trusted God to provide fo r
our needs as H e has alw ays done. W e did not know that the great nations o f
the earth w ere soon to enter into this terrible war, and that as a result exchange
would be disorganized, the cost o f living raised, and friends become fea rfu l
o f sending help lest it should fail to reach its destination. N or did w e know
that the necessity o f strict economy would compel people to cease purchasing
articles otherw ise ordered; Lodipur has the only Christian A nglo-V ern acular
Middle School with hostel in the district which now has nearly 14,000 Christians.
One o f the urgent needs o f the near future is a Christian hostel fo r boys which
m ight be located at B areilly.
T he M iddle School at B areilly continues to do good w ork but the time has
come when, if its usefulness and growth are to be maintained, it must be moved
to a new location. T h e building was outgrown years ago. T he tw o large
schools fo r girls at B areilly and Shahjahanpur are w ell maintained and the girls
who come to these schools have the best care and training which money and
love can provide.
T here is a N urses' T raining Class in connection with the W om an’s
Hospital at B areilly and from this class nurses are sent out to nearly all the
schools and institutions fo r women within the bounds o f N orth and Central
India.
T he year passed has witnessed the breaking o f many idols, and a movement
out o f the slavery o f the old life, but the progress into the new is very slow
i6
and fa r from satisfying. O ur people give very little o f their means fo r the
maintenance o f the Church and ju st a little over Rs. 3,000 was collected during
the year fo r all benevolences, which included the offerings o f the missionaries
as well. N evertheless progress is noticeable as our church at Shahjahanpur
has now assumed the entire responsibility fo r it:, maintenance. T h e church at
B areilly has done this fo r some time, and our D istrict Conference spent much
time and thought on the question o f self-support.
The past year was a year o f wide-spread famine and distress, and the
G overnment began relief w ork in many places in order to keep the people
from actual starvation. It should alw ays be borne in mind that the Christian
community in this district is made up almost entirely from the Sweeper caste,
which in the three civil districts constituting this district is not a cultivating
o r land holding cla ss ; hence the people as a rule are w retchedly poor, and no
immediate economic progress is to be expected. T h e Sw eeper community, with
the exception o f B areilly and Pilibhit civil districts, has largely become
Christian and unless w e can reach new classes soon our grow th w ill indeed
be very slow.
B IJ N O R D I S T R IC T
T h e B ijn or D istrict is in the northern part., o f the Conference and lies between
the Ganges R ive r and the h ills-o f Kumaun, the foothills o f the H im alaya Mountains.
T h e main line o f the Oudh and Rohilkhand R ailw ay passes through the district,
and a short branch runs from N ajibabad , the northernmost center of this district,
eighteen miles to K otedw ar, in the foothills. T h e ch ief products o f the region are
sugar cane, cotton, wheat, barley, rice, and millet. In N agin a, a M ethodist center,
there is considerable m an ufactu rin g o f ebony work, such as canes, knives, boxes, etc.
T h e M ethodist E piscopal Church began w ork in this region in 1859. T h is district
w as set apart from the Moradabad" D istrict in 1901. It is coextensive w ith the civil
district o f the same name and has a population o f about one million.
W ith the
exception o f tw o small m issions in the tow ns o f T a j pur and N ajib ab ad our church
is the only Christian force w orking fo r this vast m ultitude. W e have the beginnings
o f w ork in eigh t hundred villa ges and towns.
Bijnor
B ijn or c ity (population, about 13,000) is situated on undulating ground four
m iles east o f the G anges and nineteen m iles from the Oudh and R ohilkhand R ail
w ay. Th e railw ay station fo r B ijn o r is N agin a. T h e city is well paved and drained,
and contains the residences o f the district officials, m agistrates, and clerks o f all
offices.
M ethodist Episcopal m ission w ork w as opened here by Dr. and Mrs. E. W .
P arker in October, 1859.
M issionaries: R ev. Lew is A . Core and Mrs. Core (on furlough),* Rev. M urray
T . T itu s and Mrs. T itu s.
L. A . C ore, Superintendent
O ur force is responsible fo r 2,000 villages o f which we reach about 800.
Christian community is 8,652. O ver 700 have been received into the Church
through baptism during the year, o f whom tw o thirds come from heathenism,
the remainder being children o f Christian parents. T here have been 233 deaths
during the year.
A n opening has been made am ong the Chamars (leather w orkers), who
number 130,000, o r nearly one sixth o f the entire population o f the district.
W h ile we do not think the long looked fo r and much prayed fo r break has
yet come w e feel that progress has been made toward that end. N early fifty
members o f this large community have this year enrolled themselves in the
church as Christians. N o sooner had they taken the stand fo r Christ than fierce
N O R T H E R N IN D IA
N O . IO
North India
17
persecution broke out with the result that several o f them w ere sent to jail.
Know ing the weakness o f so many new converts, we feared that they .might be
frightened into recanting, but they were men o f better stuff than we had dared
hope. Others from this community are ready and once the break comes hun
dreds and thousands w ill be ready to fall into line.
O f the w ork o f the year Mr. Titus w rites: “Besides visiting all the more
than fifty workers and hundreds o f villages during the year and helping as best
we could, we held summer schools for one week in A ugu st in each o f three
centers, to which all the men and women w orkers were called. H ere they
studied the Bible, Sunday school methods, prepared fo r their Conference
examinations, and each evening met together fo r special religious service.
“ W here this course has been followed intelligently and consistently even the
lowest and dullest among the villagers is beginning to get a grip on the lessons
taught. T he capacity o f the average villager for dullness is astounding, but we
have found villages where they have not only learned to sing with real enjoy
ment and fervor some o f our simpler songs but where men, women, and
children can tell with remarkable accuracy and understanding the Gospel stories.
“Real and definite progress has been made in the spiritual life o f the.people.
The number o f inquirers grow s from year to year. T he people listen more/
attentively to the Gospel story. There are unmistakable signs o f the grow th o f
Christian character among our people. One o f our men, a servant in a European
club in the hills, had in the course o f his duties to handle wines and other
intoxicants. H e was urged by his fellow servants to join with them in indulg
ing in such intoxicants as fell to their share. This he steadfastly and consist
ently refused to do. W ord reached the ears o f the secretary o f the club that
one o f the servants was preaching total abstinence and he was summoned.
T he sahib appeared to be very angry and demanded to know his reason fo r
such conduct. H e replied that he did it because he was a Christian. T he man
then demanded some p roof o f his faith. The servant triumphantly produced a
Bible. Seeing this the secretary said, ‘It is all right. Y ou have proved your
case. Be true to your principles/
“T w o things deserve mention. A new home for the girls o f the B ijnor
school is now under construction. It is to be known as the Lois L ee Parker
G irls’ School in honor o f Mrs. Parker, who with her husband, the late Bishop
Parker, opened the w ork in B ijn o r more than fifty years ago. A generous con
tribution was made fo r this much needed school from the W om an’s Foreign
M issionary Society which was supplemented by a substantial building grant
from the Government and soon we shall see a home fo r the girls, a schoolhouse,
and a home for the lady in charge o f the school.
“ T he second thing is that a beginning has been made toward a home fo r thè
Christian boys o f the district while they are attending school. T heir sisters have
been well provided fo r in this respect for years, but similar provisions have
never been made fo r the boys. A generation or two o f missionaries have longed
and prayed and labored to this end and now in the providence o f God it is
given to us to enter into the fruit o f their labor. O w ing to the generosity o f
two warm friends o f missions in the homeland we have been enabled to make a
modest beginning toward the equalizing o f the opportunities o f the young
people o f the district. Soon we hope to have a home sufficiently largo to accom
modate fo rty boys and capable o f expansion as the need arises.
'‘T he foundation stones o f these two buildings were laid by Bishop W arne
i8
Novem ber n , 1914, in the presence o f a large number o f missionaries many o f
whom had worked in Bijnor, and o f Indian Christians and others. It is with
deep gratitude that we thank God that H e has made it possible fo r these two
much needed institutions to be added to the w orking plant o f the district. W e
also take this opportunity o f recording our gratitude to the donors o f these
gifts, whose generosity has brought in sight the realization o f a vital need o f
the district.”
B U D A U N D IS T R IC T
T h e Budaun D istrict lies between the Ganges on the w est and the B areilly
D istrict on the east, and contains a population o f a little over 1,000,000. T h e greater
part o f the district is a level plain crossed by several small rivers, which flow into
the Ganges. T h e ch ief industries o f the district are sugar refining and the manu
facture o f indigo. Cotton, opium, wheat, rice, and m illet are raised. A branch of
the Oudh and Rohilkhand R ailw ay passes through the northern part o f the district.
Th e M ethodist Episcopal Church began mission work in 1859, and is the only
mission board represented here.
Budaun
Budaun (population, about 40,000) is the headquarters o f the civil district o f
the same name in the U n ited Provinces, and is situated on the branch o f the R ohil
khand and Kum aun R ailw ay which runs from B areilly to Muttra.
M ission aries: W . F . M . S .: M isses A lice M eans and Frances A . Scott.
In stitu tio n s: Christian B oys’ B oardin g School. W . F. M . S . : Sigler G irls’ Board
in g School.
W il l ia m P eters , Superintendent
Budaun D istrict is divided into eight circuits with 640 villages where Sunday
services a re regularly held. T h ere is a Christian community o f 13,992. D u r
in g the year there were 633 baptisms and 400 converts. In our 148 Sunday
schools are 10,182 scholars; Senior League members, 746; Junior League mem
bers, 335. O f the 227 w orkers, 69 are unpaid.
T h e Christian B oys’ B oardin g School, a popular A nglo-V ern acular M iddle
School, is attended by all classes regardless o f caste distinction. T he school is
self-supporting and has 228 students, 78 o f whom are Christians. M iss Peters
is in charge. T here are 34 vernacular schools fo r boys w ith 623 pupils.
D urin g the yeár an attempt was made to open w ork am ong the Chamars
on an entirely new basis similar to the method now in use in the N orth W est
Conference and in the T irh u t D istrict o f the N orth India Conference. These
are the people am ong whom they have had such a successful mass movement.
A few Chamars w ere ready fo r baptism but they were kept w aiting until such
time as all should be ready to come into the fold o f Chris{. W hen only a few
become Christians there is considerable trouble and much strife over such ques
tions as the right to use the public w ell. It is therefore expedient to baptize
in large groups. W e are confident that we can thus get them fo r they seem to
be much nearer to becoming Christians than ever before.
T h e social status o f the Christians is far better than that o f the class o f
people from whom they come. T h eir m oral standard is also higher than that
o f their form er brethren. T his change is in itself a miracle. F o r example, (1 )
T h e y form erly had no conception o f the sanctity o f the m arriage relation.
N o w they have. (2) F orm erly they w ere slack in observing Christian burial
rite s ; but now they think it their right and duty to observe these rites. In this
there has been much progress. (3) F orm erly they mingled freely w ith their
North India
19
idolatrous friends even to the extent o f joining in w ith them in their idolatrous
rites. T hey have now so fa r progressed that not only they themselves abstain
from such intercourse but also they encourage those who are w eaker in the
faith to abstain.
This year the temporal condition o f the Christians has been very poor.
Famine conditions have prevailed fo r several years and the Christians have
not had an opportunity to better themselves. T h e present w ar and other
difficulties have fully impressed and convinced them that they must stand firm
and face the troubles to come. T hey have individually and unitedly decided
and agreed to increase the finances o f their own church to an extent hitherto
not attained, and to attenlpt to make their churches as nearly self-supporting as
possible. W e have strong hopes that we shall succeed in this.
E A S T E R N K U M A U N D IS T R IC T
Eastern Kumaun is the youngest district in the N orth India Conference, h avin g
been created in 19 12.
It consists o f the sweep o f territory o f uncertain breadth
lyin g along the eastern bank o f the K a li Ganga R iver and exten d in g from T ib e t
for one hundred and seventy-five miles to the plains.
It has been w ell called the
“ double-doored district,” for it has one door open into T ib et and another into
Nepal, the two chief “ forbidden’' lands of to-day.
Th e great Tibetan R oad runs
the full length o f the district, while the Alm ora and Nepal Road intersects it at
Pithoragarh, but fourteen miles from the Nepal Boundary.
A t Pithoragarh, which is the seat of the district, the .occupied territory is about
fourteen miles wide. Eastern Kum aun bears a strong resemblance to the H o ly Land.
In the north are snow-covered m ountains, greater than H erm o n ; on the east is a
larger river than the Jordan, occupying a hot v a lle y ; Jhulaghat m ay stand for
Jericho, though a narrower valley.
On the south lie hot sandy plains.
W ith the
Dead Sea and Great Sea the resemblance ceases. 1}ut the Sarju R iver V a lle y is a
plain as warm as Joppa, and producing excellent fruits. Sheep and goats are numer
ous in Bhot.
Both “ milk and honey” are found in this region.
T h e m ountains
are round about Pithoragarh as they are about Jerusalem.
But sad to say, like
Canaan, the land is filled w ith idolatry.
W e believe that idolatry has begun to
lose its power over the people, and the time m ay not be distant when m ultitudes w ill
cast their idols to the bats.
Pithoragarh
Pithoragarh (population, about 1,000) is the central town in the H im alayan
region called Shor. Shor has a population of about 34,000 and contains some o f the
finest mountain scenery in eastern Kumaun. It is sixteen miles west from the bridge
across the K ali R iver on the road leading into Nepal and is six d ays’ march north
from the proposed railw ay terminus at Tanakpur at the foot o f the m ountains. Thus,
Pithoragarh is at the crossroads of the two trade routes leading into N epal and
T ib e t from India, and is a place o f strategic importance.
T h e M ethodist Episcopal M ission was opened in 1874.
M issionariesj R ev. George C. Hewes and Mrs. Hewes.
W . F. M . S . : M isses
A n n ie E. Budderi and Lucy W . Sullivan.
Institutions: B oys’ Boarding School.
W . F. M. S .: G irls’ B oardin g School,
H ospital Dispensary, W om en ’s Home.
Chandag
Chandag is a mountain stntion two and one half miles west from Pithoragarh,
on the direct road between Pithoragarh and Alm ora. T h e view of the H im alayas—
valleys and heights— is one o f the finest in the range. A t this place is a leper asylum
directed by the Leper Association, but by the request o f that association it is under
the supervision o f the M ethodist Episcopal district superintendent o f the Kum aun
District.
M ission ary: W . F. M. S .: M iss M ary Reed.
G.
C. H ew es , Superintendent
This district with its eight circuits, one o f which is undeveloped has a popu
lation o f 116,473. Church members in full connection number 334 and there ar$
20
17 probationers. Baptized children 284. T o tal Christian community 689. It is
difficult fo r a Christian to get a start in Eastern Kumaun* Caste prejudice is
very strong and most o f the population is Brahm in or other high caste. W e
feel sure the lowest caste o f hill converts had no very high spiritual motives
in becoming Christians in years gone by. Even now, a fte r twelve years some
say, “ The mission made me a Christian and now it should provide fo r my
support." It is almost impossible to get new converts from the dependent classes
to think otherwise. O ur great hope is in the children.
O ur boys’ boarding school at Pithoragarh has fo r years held first place
in the Kum aun district but this year our mission school at Lohaghat has won
first place. T his latter school is aided by the Educational Society o f our Con
ference. O ur nine secondary schools fo r girls and one fo r boys at Pithoragarh
have been a great aid to education in Eastern Kum aun but unless w e maintain
a good English school o f higher grade the A ra y a ’s w ill supplant us in the ^
education o f the masses. English classes have been kept up for three and one
h a lf years, but it is feared this w ork will have to be dropped because, o f financial
stringency. A n English school fo r boys o f the same rank as the girls’ school
in Pithoragarh is one o f our greatest needs.
T h e W om an’s H om e under the supervision o f the W om an’s Foreign M is
sionary Society, which fo r years has sheltered homeless and ill-treated women,
each year has few er inmates. Hindu women now demand and receive better
treatment in the home.
G A R H W A L D IS T R IC T
T h e G arhw al D istrict includes the Garhwal civil district in the western part of
the Kum aun civil division, and is the northernmost district of the N orth India Con
ference, lyin g alm ost entirely in the rugged Him alayas, some of the peaks in this
region h avin g an altitude o f 24,000 feet and stretching to the sealed land of Tibet.
T h e area o f the district is larger than the Slate o f Connecticut com prising 5,500
square miles, and the population numbers 650,000.
Th ere are numerous rivers
flowing through narrow gorges, and two small lakes in the extrem e north.
Th e
Ganges rises in this district.
A branch o f the Oudh and Rohilkhand R ailw ay
touches the southern part o f this district at K otedw ar and connects w ith the main
•lin e at N ajibabad, eighteen miles to the southwest. T h is district contains a number
o f H indu temples, which are visited by pilgrim s from all parts o f India. Th e popular
language is Garhw ali, while H indi and U rdu are used by the educated classes. T e a
is cultivated in this region.
Th e M ethodist Episcopal Church began work in 1859, and no other mission
board is represented »in the district.
Pauri
Pauri (population, about 500) is the headquarters o f the Garhwal civil district,
and is situated on the northern slope of the Kandaulia H ill, a range o f the H im
alayas, at an elevation of 5,390 feet. Pauri is fo rty-six m iles— a four d ays’ march—
from the railway terminus at Kotedw ar.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1865.
M ission aries: M rs. M ary W . Gill (on furlough), Rev. Preston S. H yde and
Mrs. H yde.
W . F. M. S . : M isses Loal E. Huffman, M .D ., M ary M eans, E. M ay
R uddick (on furlou gh), and M aud Y eager.
in stitu tion s: B o y s’ H igh School. W . F. M. S .: M ary Ensign Gill G irls’ Board
ing School.
P. S.
H yde,
Superintendent
M essm ore H igh School at Pauri has 300 students from ail parts o f the dis
trict. Only ,fo rty o f these are Christians o f whom thirty are in our Christian
hoarding house. There are eighty Hindu boys in the hostel.
1914]
North India
21
P rim ary Schools— There are 276 boys, mostly Hindus, in our Garhw al pri
m ary schools.
G O N D A D IS T R IC T .
Th e Gonda D istrict includes the Gonda Basti and Bahraich civil districts, with
an area
o f 8,232 square miles. It has a population o f 3,554,803 Hindus, 733,043
Moslems, and 1,532 Christians, a total o f 4,290,300.
i t is the easternm ost of the
districts o f the N orth India Conference.
It is bounded
on the north by the inde
pendent
state o f Nepal.
It is separated .from the rest o f the C onference by the
treacherous G ogra R iver, which at times spreads over large areas and hinders the
communication o f the people on one side with those on the other. T h e region includes
a level, well-w atered plain, studded with small, shallow lakes, the w ater o f which
is used for irrigation. There is an expanse o f about 1,000 square m iles o f aborig
inal forest jungle, full o f wild life, including Bengal tigers.
It is preem inently an
agricultural and lumbering territory, suited to the production o f rice. T h is region
was the original home o f Buddhism, its founder, Sakya Muni,- h avin g been born
w ithin its bounds. It was here the Sepoy mutineers made their last stand and on
being defeated escaped into the jungles and mountain fastnesses o f N epal.
There
are only three cities of about 20,000 population or more— Gonda, Bahraich, and
Balrampur. T h e language of the people is a peculiar conglom erate, fa st becom ing
Urdu-Hindi.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was started in 1865.
F or ten years, from
1893 to 1903, the district was without an Am erican m issionary. N o other mission
boards are at w ork here.
Gonda
"Gonda (population, about 18,000) is the headquarters o f the civ il district o f the
same name, and is situated at the junction of the four branches o f the B engal and
Northwestern R ailw ay, seventy-eight miles east of Lucknow . There is considerable
trade in agricultural products, but no manufacturing.
Th e M ethodist Episcopal M ission opened work in Gonda in 1865.
M ission aries: Rev. Noble L. Rockey and Mrs. R ockey, R ev. John O. D enn ing
and Mrs. Denning. W . F. M. S . : Miss Elizabeth R exroth.
In stitu tion s: B oys’ M iddle School. W . F. M. S .: A n glo -V ern acu lar Girls Board
ing School.
N. L.
R ockey,
Superintendent
In the eight years o f our experience on Gonda District, I have had no
such uplift as came to me in the gathering darkness o f an evening in October,
at a humble village in the Bahraich District. I dare not give its location, fo r
to do so, even in our Conference report, might result in making an earnest
people targets o f persecution— stronger than their simple faith can yet bear.
Friends, are you aware that our enemies often read our reports more eagerly
than do our own people? T hey read that they may learn our plans and locate
our little flock to destroy them.
Mission w ork is not what it was a decade ago. Then everyw here the mis
sion preacher could draw a crowd, even though they hesitated to accept his
message. A ll India long since would have accepted Christ, if Christianity would
only permit itself to be engrafted on idolatry, and if our Christ w ould only
consent to become an additional avatar (incarnation) in the H indu pantheon.
O ur fathers in this gospel w ork faced no such organized forces o f opposition
to their message and methods as oppose us today. W e go nowhere that
enemies do not watch us. W e visit no homes or village that their emissaries
do not follow us to calumniate us and to steal aw ay the seed before it can
germinate.
T hree thousand people in this district are unaccounted for. T hey are fo r
the most part in the villages oppressed by fear, the victim s o f a system o f per
secutions and terrors that they were too w eak to face. I f these three thou
22
[1914
sand could know each other, could only be made to feel the enthusiasm o f
numbers, could only discover that they are a part o f a conquering host, it
would make to them every difference in the world. I f only individuals here
and there are baptized (and this is still the Oudh) they are almost certain to
be overcome by the cruelty and power o f the enemies o f our Christ. B ut if we
can manage to win this people in their corporate groups such as families and
whole organizations we must succeed to their everlasting j oy a s , w ell as our
own. T o me this is the strongest reason fo r our conserving the “ mass m ove
ment” idea where it exists, even though it bring in many weaklings, and by
wise, carefully directed methods to start it where it has not yet appeared.
Masses can forge ahead where individuals cannot advance a pace.
Gonda D istrict has nine circuits with a total o f 1,367 Christians. Full
members 254, probationers 669, and children 406. Baptisms during the year,
89. T here are 74 Sunday schools, with 2,600 officers, teachers and pupils,
orderly, held in established places and well attended.
B oys’ V ern acu lar Middle School at Gonda has 200 students, o f whom
fo rty are Christians. T he Christian H ostel has thirty boarders from all parts
o f our territory. Prim ary Schools are scattered throughout the district. The
two most important are the Upper Prim ary School fo r boys at Bahraich, with
tw enty pupils, and the L ow er Prim ary School at Balropur V ith 100 boys. T his
latter school is self-supporting and has a branch school among the Christian
Sweepers.
A ll our schools are fu ll to overflowing. O ur B o ys’ Boarding School has had
a successful year. W e have now one normal training graduate, one o f our own
boys who is now teaching in our school, and there is another in training. E very
school prospect grow s brighter. T he G irls’ School under M iss E. R exroth is
earning more and more the confidence and approval o f the governm ent in
spector. T he governm ent has helped introduce improved methods, and now
a lot o f bright little ones taught in these methods are coming to the fore.
Several o f the girls have married boys from our school and settled down among
us as w orkers and home-builders. T his too is an especially encouraging fea
ture of this year and has in it much hope fo r the future. Gonda has had to
depend in the past on other districts fo r its w orkers. I believe that this
necessity is fast removing.
H A R D O I D IS T R IC T
T h e Hardoi D istrict is coextensive with the Hardoi and U n ao civil districts
w ith a population o f about 1,000,000.
It occupies a triangle between the B areilly
D istrict on the northwest and the Oudh D istrict on the east and the G anges R iver
on the southwest. M uch o f its area consists of jun gle and uncultivable land. Th e
land along the G anges is damp alluvial soil, while the rem ainder o f the territory
consists o f uplands. T h e Oudh and Rohilkhand R ailw ay passes through the district.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1871. N o ether mission boards
are at w ork in this region.
Hardoi
H ardoi (population, 12,000) is the headquarters o f the civil district of the
same name, situated on the Oudh and Rohilkhand R ailw ay.
It is a center for an
export trade in grain and is celebrated fo r its woodwork.
T h e M ethodist Episcopal M ission w as opened in 1871.
Mrs. L o is L . Parker,
who took up her residence here in 1907, is the first foreign m issionary who has
resided in the district.
1914 ]
North India
23
M issionaries: M rs. Lois L. Parker, M iss Hadden, M iss Frederick.
Institutions : B oys’ Boarding School, Christian G irls’ B oarding School.
G a n g a N a t h S h u k u l , Superintendent
H ardoi has seven circuits and a total o f 1,931 Christians, o f whom 536
are members o f the church, 765 probationers and 630 baptized children. D u r
ing the year there w ere 151 baptisms, and there are 189 inquirers under instruc
tion. O ur seventy-three Sunday schools and nine Epworth Leagues have
a membership o f 2,714 and 283 respectively. T hree foreign missionaries, six
Indian members o f Conference, six ordained local preachers, fourteen unor
dained preachers, eight exhorters, sixty-one w orkers and thirteen Christian
teachers make up our w orking force— m in all.
T he B oys’ Boarding School— In this school we have fifty-seven boys on
the roll— forty-tw o o f whom are Christians. Because o f lack o f room there are
only twenty-eight boys in the hostel. The students o f this school hold their
classes in the church— a school building is urgently needed.
L U C K N O W D IS T R IC T
T h e Lucknow D istrict occupies the territory which was form erly the kingdom
o f Oudh, the annexation o f which caused the M utiny of 1867.
It embraces the
C ivil D istricts Kheri, Sitapur, Rae Bareilly, Partabgarh, Barabanki, and that portion
o f the Lucknow D istrict not occupied by the W esleyan and Church o f E ngland
m issions. T h e total area is over eleven thousand square miles. _ In shape the district
is like the State of N ew Jersey, though greatly exceeding it in area, w hile the
population is over six millions. It lies west of the Godhra River. Th e general aspect
of the region, except during the hot season, is that o f a rich expanse o f various
crops interspersed with numerous ponds and shallow lakes, mango groves, and damp
clumps. It is said to have the densest rural population o f any area in the world,
averaging 537 to the square mile.
T h e Oudh and Rohilkhand, and the Lucknow
and Sitapur R ailw ays pass through the district.
Th e m ajority of the M ethodists
are villagers who depend for a liv in g on the grain given them in the tillin g of
their fields.
Lucknow
Lucknow (population, 259,398), the form er capital of the kingdom of Oudh, is
situated on the banks of the R iver Gumti, 666 miles by rail from C alcu tta and 885
miles from Bombay. It is the largest city in the U nited Provinces and the sixth in
size in British India.
Lucknow is called a “ city o f parks.”
From a distance the
city presents a picture of unusual magnificence and architectural splendor, which
fades on nearer view into the ordinary aspect of a crowded O riental tow n. T h e
civil station, adjoin in g the eastern side of the city, has a fine thoroughfare lined
with European shops. There is a large m ilitary cantonment o f all arms and a fort.
T h e city is noted for its manufactures.
It is a center of literary a c tiv ity and of
education, and is the headquarters of the principal court in Oudh.
T h is is said
to be the purest center o f the H industani language.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1858. Other boards a t w ork in
Lucknow are the Church M issionary Society, the Board o f Foreign M issions o f the
Reform ed Episcopal Church, the S even th-D ay A d ven tists M ission Board, the W e s
leyan M ethodist M issionary Socictv, and the Zenana, Bible, and M edical Mission.
M ission aries: R ev. Brenton T . Badlev and M rs. Badley, Rev. Theodore C. Badlev
and Mrs. Badley, Rev. John W . Bare and Mrs. Bare, Mr. Oswald H . Blackwood,
A rth u r C. B oggess and Mrs. Boggess, Mr. M. W e lls Branch and Mrs. Branch, Mr.
G eorge F. H en ry (on furlou gh), Mr. John N. H ollister, Mr. Ern est H . Lan gdon and
Mrs. Langdon, M r. W illiam S. M eek (on furlough) and M rs. M eek (on furlou gh),
Rev. Charles E . Sim pson and Mrs. Simpson, R ev. Otho D . W ood. W . F . M . S . : M isses
N ettie A . Bacon, Em m a Barber, Sara E . Crouse, G race D avis, H arriet Fin ch, G.
E v e ly n H adden, Katherine L. H ill (on furlou gh), E lizabeth H oge, R oxan n a H.
Oldroyd, F lora L . Robinson, and R uth E. Robinson.
In stitution s: Reid Christian College and H igh School, T . C. B ad ley, principal.
M ethodist Publish in g House, W . S. Meek, M anager. E nglish Church, C. E . Simpson,
pastor.
W . F. M. S . : Isabella Thoburn College, M iss R. E . Robinson, p rin cip a l;
24
Foreign. Missions Report
[1914
N orm al S ch o o l; .High School. Board o f Governors, L. A . Core, M . B . Cam eron, Esq.,
Syed H usam Belgram i, M iss M argaret Landrum , J. N . W est, Mrs. L ois S. Parker,
Mrs. E . S. Jones, W . A . M ansell, M iss L. S. W righ t, C. L. Bare, M iss Law son, C . G.
N eylrea, R ockw ell C lancy, R ajah S ir H arnain Singh, J. C . Butcher, John Fom am .
Deaconess Home, M iss E . H oge, Superintendent.
Sitapur
Sitapur (population, about 25,000) is the headquarters o f the civil district o f the
same name.
It is on the L uckn ow -B areilly State R ailw ay with Lucknow and
Shahjahanpur.
T h e to& n is beautifully situated and is well laid out.
It is the
ch ief commercial center in the district, having a large export trade in grain. There
is a cantonment for British troops in Sitapur.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1861. No other m ission boards
are at work here.
f
M ission aries: Rev. E . Stanley Jones and M r s . ‘Jones.
M ary E . E k e y and Laura S. W right.
In stitu tion s: Thom psonganj M ission School.
W . F. M. S . : Christian G irls’
B oarding School.
E.
S. J on es , Superintendent
E d u c a tio n a l In stitu tio n s
R
e id
C
h r is t ia n
C ollege
B oard <5f Trustees— Bishop F . W . W arne, D.D., Ex-officio Chairman, L u ck
n ow ; Bishop J. E. Robinson, D.D., Ex-officio Chairman, B angalore; Bishop
W . P . Eveland, D.D., Ex-officio Chairman, Singapore; Bishop J. W . Robinson,
D .D., Ex-officio Chairman, B om bay; Rev. T . C . Badley, B.A ., Secretary and
T reasu rer; Rev. W m . Peters, Rev. C. L. Bare, Rev. Benson Baker, Rev. N . L.
Rockey, R ev. J. N . W est, Rev. F . B. Price, Rev. R ockw ell Clancy, Rev. J. R.
Chitamber, Rev. L . A . C o re; M r. M. L. Ghose, Representing A lum ni A ssocia
tion, 1916.
Staff College— Rev. T . C. Badley, Principal. G. F . H enry, A . C Boggess,
J. N . H ollister, O . D. W ood, J. W . Bare, B. L. Bupta, and seven native teachers.
Enrollment, 285.
Staff Departm ent Commercial Education (Com m ercial N o rm al)— Manager,
M . W ells B ran ch ; A ssistant M anager, M. L. G hose; Teachers, J. A . Rosemond,
H . P . Singh, M . C. Dhar, A . D. V olrath. Enrollm ent 140.
S ta ff Collegiate School— M anager, T . C. B a d le y ; H ead M aster, E. H.
Langdon. Nineteen native teachers. Enrollment, 313.
N akhas School has an enrollment o f 223.
T o ta l enrollment all departments o f Institution fo r the year is 961.
T h e enrollment in the college classes represents an increase over the pre
vious year o f forty-three per cent.
Staff H o s te ls : Osmon Caldw ell H ostel— M anager, J. N . H o llis te r; A sso ci
ate M anager, J. W . B a re ; General Assistant, G. B . Newton. Enrollm ent, 126.
H indu and Mohammedan H ostel— M anager, A . C. Boggess. Enrollment,
23. T o ta l enrollment in hostels, 149.
R.eid Christian College is the only college maintained by the M ethodist
Church in all Southern A sia. T he institution is in a better position this year
than ever before to m eet its great responsibilities.
M ore than fifty candidates fo r admission to the second year class and
twenty-five fo r the science courses w ere refused on account o f the prescribed
limits having been reached. T he increase over last yea r’s enrollment o f fifty
per cent in the third year is particularly gratifyin g. It is also interesting to
note the increase o f Christian students in the College from five to fourteen.
T
11 IC M
e
T i IOIi IS T
K|*IS( (tl 'AE
C lIliK C H
A T
L tiC K N O W ,
INDIA
North India
25
T he institution is under a deep debt o f gratitude to D r. Bare fo r fourteen
years o f devoted, self-sacrificing service as Principal. D uring his adm inistra
tion remarkable progress has been registered in every department. H e has seen
the enrollment grow from 60 to 290. Under his supervision the commodious
Osmon Caldw ell H ostel and the magnificent Sam Fairfield M em orial H igh
School buildings have been erected and he leaves approved plans fo r a splendid
new H indu and Mohammedan Hostel. These tangible results o f his services,
however, are a very inadequate measure o f his contributions to the institution,
which has been enriched by the valuable legacy o f a personality which fo r fo u r
teen years has been an outstanding example to the scores o f students who have
come under his influence o f Christian love, sympathy and unselfish d evo tio n ..
Lucknow H igh School (Sam Fairfield M emorial) 300 students enrolled.
Lucknow Middle School has an enrollment o f 250 students.
Sitapur M iddle School (Thom psonganj Mission Boarding School) has 150
pupils in charge o f Rev. E. S. Jones.
Christian G irls’ Boarding School at Sitapur, in charge o f Miss Ekey, has
132 girls enrolled.
There have been m any changes on the district this year. Practically every
department has a new head. T he home-going o f J. W askom Pickett made
necessary the m id-year transfer o f the Rev. C. E. Simpson, from Gonda to the
English Church at LucknoW. Miss H oge o f the Deaconess Hom e was ap
pointed to the charge o f the district Zenana work, leaving the Hom e without a
supervisor, and Mr. J. N. H ollister has taken the place o f M r. M. W ells Branch,
who is on furlough. Rev. E. Stanley Jones has replaced D r. Core as D istrict
Superintendent.
There have been about a hundred more baptisms than last year, while
self-support, in spite o f it being a famine year, has increased about 1,500
rupees. T h e increase in self-support has come mostly from the tw o Lucknow
churches— the Hindustani church in particular.
This church, under the pastorate of Rev. J. M. Chitambar, has had a good
year, although the serious and prolonged illness of Mrs. Chitambar has made
the year a peculiarly trying one for M r. Chitambar. D uring a financial crisis
in the church, when it seemed that 011 account o f the rem oval o f a good many
paying members the church could not support its pastor without outside help,
a few o f the members got under the burden and after a most thorough canvass
all the expenses are being met with a safe margin besides.
Mr. Meek, besides his w ork at the Publishing House, has found time to use
the m agic lantern in the bazaars o f Lucknow and the surrounding cities. L arge
crowds are attracted and many gospel portions sold.
T he w ork in Char Bagh has been carried by Rev. O. D. W ood in addition
to his duties at the College. A Sunday morning service, a Sunday school and
a cottage meeting in the home o f M r. and Mrs. James have been kept up.
During the Revival Month tent meetings were h d d in the compound o f Mr.
James, and there were some conversions. W e must hold on to Char Bagh.
T he railw ay people are as important to our English w ork as the railw ays are
to the country. T hey form the bulk o f our Anglo-Indian community. The
R ailw ay Board has decided that the new church about to be built is to be a
union church.
I11 the evangelistic w ork o f Lucknow city Rev. Y akub Shah and Rev.
Jaw ala Singh have both done effective service, each m inistering to distinct
26
[1914
classes. F o r the educated classes M r. Singh holds two meetings a week each
in the Ganeshganj and N akhas schools. T hese are alw ays crowded to their
capacit3' and sometimes to more than their capacity. T he open-air preaching
in Aminabad P a rk has created such a stir that the M agistrate requested that
the meetings be discontinued during the war. Mr. Shah’s w ork am ong the low
caste people is less spectacular but none the less effective. Given a dozen men
who would w ork as indefatigably among the Sweepers, in a very short time all
the thousands o f Lucknow Sw eepers would be Christians.
T he church at Sitapur since October last has undertaken to support its
own pastor. T his has aroused a good deal o f enthusiasm. Classes have been
form ed am ong the women and girls in which they make things to sell fo r the
support o f their pastor.
A m ong the law yers and judges o f Sitapur a class has been kept up at the
Indian Club. T h e class was started as a class on Com parative Religions, but
gradually turned into a Bible Class. The discussions which were allow ed were
keen but friendly. T h e H indus are more inclined to sift things than the
Mohammedans. On one occasion the discussion was getting close, digging at
the very foundation o f the Mohammedan faith, only in an incidental way. A (
keen Mohammedan saw this, so to divert matters, he arose and said: “ W ell,
yo u r religion is theoretical. Y c u sit and talk about it. M ine is practical. S e e !”
A n d he deliberately walked a little aside, spread his prayer mat and began to
say his prayers. T h a t was his practical re lig io n ! O ur definitions o f practical
religion w ould differ somewhat.
M O R A D A B A D D I S T R IC T
Moradabad D istrict, one o f the original three districts o f the Conference, in
cludes the M oradabad civil district and the Gunnaur tahsil o f the Budaun civil
district, besides a portion o f the Rampur State on the cast, and a large circuit in
the N aini T a l civil district on the north. T h e population in this territory is about
1,500,000. T h e main line o f the Oudh and Rohilkhand R ailw ay passes through the
d istric t; also a branch line o f the same railw ay goes out from M oradabad city to
the westward through the district to Delhi.
A branch line o f the Rohilkhand and
Kum aun R ailw a y has been opened through the district to the northward v ia Kashipur.
T h e district is thus well provided with railways, m aking almost all the out-stations
easily accessible by rail.
W h eat is the chief product and sugar refining the chief
industry. T h e languages spoken are the U rdu and the N agri or H indi.
Moradabad
M oradabad (population, 81,168) is the headquarters o f the civil district of the
same name. It is on the main line o f the Oudh and Rohilkhand R ailw ay, and is
the terminus o f the branch go in g to Delhi.
It is 868 m iles by rail from C alcutta
and 1,087 miles from Bom bay.
One third o f the population is Mohammedan and
about 2,500 are Christians. Th ere is a m ilitary cantonment. T h e exports are sugar,
w heat, rice, and other sm aller grains. E xten sive m anufactures o f ornam ental brass
inlaid with shellac, known as ‘‘M oradabad w are,” are found in the city.
M ethodist Episcopal m ission w ork w as begun in 1859.
T h e Society fo r the
Propagation o f the Gospel has work in the city.
M issionaries: R ev. Robert I. F au cett and Mrs. Faucett, Mr. W endell F . L.
Kum lien and M rs. Kum lien. W . F. M. S . : M isses M abel Charter, M argaret L an d
ru m , C lara M. O rgan (on furlou gh), and Jessie I. Peters.
In stitution s: Parker M em orial H igh School.
W . F. M. S .: N orm al T ra in in g
School, M iss M argaret Landrum , principal. G irls’ H igh School, M iss N. B. W augh.
O ne E nglish Church w ith a Sun day school o f forty children.
R. I. F a u c e t t , Superintendent
P arker M em orial H igh School is located at M oradabad, Principal, W . F. L.
North India
27
Kum lein. T ru stees: L. A . Core, H . A . Cutting, J. N . W est, W illiam Peters,
R. I. Faucett, and W . F. L. Kum lein. Enrollment in the institution, including
middle and prim ary departments and hostel, 350.
Norm al School fo r Boys, the first school o f its kind in this field, was
opened this year with tw elve boys enrolled; one boy from each o f the D is
tricts o f the Conference. T h is venture was started by the N orth India Annual
Conference Board o f Education. T he school proposes to prepare teachers fo r
the village schools and has the unanimous support o f the Board. It is hoped
that the great need fo r trained teachers w ill thus be met and that the in stitu -'
tion may expand as the need is great. T he school is affiliated w ith the H igh
School and uses the prim ary classes fo r practice teaching.
W orkers’ T rain in g School at Moradabad has eight students. W e could
have fifty if w e had the scholarships fo r them. Prim ary Schools number* 135—
106 fo r boys and 29 fo r girls.
W ith the addition o f the five circuits o f the old Pilibhit District, the M o ra
dabad D istrict becomes the largest in point of numbers o f all the w ork in
India. T h e number o f baptisms fo r the year is just over 2,200" which brings our
total church membership to 29,666. T his shows a good normal increase fo r so
large a w ork. O f course, it is essential to the proper grow th o f this vast
number that w e keep a large number o f preachers and teachers m oving among
them all the time, doing the w ork o f ministration, admonishing, instructing
and all the duties that fall to the lot o f the pastor. It is but fa ir to say that
these w orkers are the ones upon whom we depend to do the w o rk ; the mission
ary may be the inspiration and guide fo r them but they are the ones that come
into touch constantly with the multitude.
A t our D istrict Conference we gave a call fo r men that would thus go
out among the church with dependence upon God and the people fo r support.
T he response was more than we could have expected; 21 men came forw ard
and the number increased to nearly 50 before the conference closed.
P I L I B H I T D IS T R IC T
T h e Pilib h it D istrict lies in the northeastern part o f the B areilly civ il division
o f the U n ited Provinces, and includes the important M oham m edan territory o f the
N aw ab o f Rampur, besides the Pilibhit civil district and part o f the B areilly civil
district.
It consists o f a level plain.
Rice is the most im portant crop and sugar
refining the ch ief industry, and a large trade in lumber is carried on. T h e Lucknow
and Sitapur and the B areilly and Kumaun railways cross the district. T h e popula
tion o f the district is between 65,000 and 70,000.
M ethodist Episcopal m ission work was begun in 1861.
T h ere are no other
missions at w ork here except a small independent m ission conducted by M r. and
M rs. J. C. Lawson, who withdrew from the work of the N orthw est India Conference
in January, 1903.
Pilibhit D istrict has been divided and incorporated into the B areilly and M ora
dabad D istricts.
R A E B A R E L I D IS T R IC T
S. B.
F in c h ,
Superintendent
D uring the Annual Conference held at M oradabad last January (7th to
13th), Bishop W arne, D.D., decided to place Rae Bareli and Unao under a
district conference. In this district we have three A nnual Conference col
leagues, a local elder, three deacons and fifty-three other w orkers, a total
p f sixty, who, besides \yorking among the heathen, are responsible fo r the
28
spiritual w elfare o f about 800 Christians. These Christians are scattered in the
two civil districts o f Rae Bareli and Unao. F o r the present these are sub
divided into five circuits.
General Conditions
Once a week a w orker has divine service in the scattered homes o f these
Christians, but service every Sunday is held w herever four or five families live
together. Some o f them are very poor and ignorant, but their faith in Christ
' makes them rich and they feel happy and satisfied. W e are tryin g our best to
get every Christian to learn the chief tenets o f thè faith by heart, but some are
too old to learn as quickly as the young, nevertheless they are told w hat every
Christian should know. M ost o f these people belong to the Banmanush tribe.
besides these Banmanush and stone-cutters there are a few people who
earn their livelihood by tattooing. M ost o f them have their homes round about
Salon, and being o f a nomadic race, it is very difficult to get at them. Some
live in the villages between Salon and Fursat Ganj ; these I have visited, but
the rest have no settled homes. One o f their young men is being trained and
it is my intention to take him and go in search o f the rest o f his class.
Up to this tihie we have, by the blessing o f God, had 105 baptisms from
among different classes o f people.
Sunday Schools
Emphasis is laid on this w ork in every circuit because Sunday schools are
the chief means o f learning the W ord. In these schools Christians and nonChristians every Sunday morning are taught the W o rd o f God. A s there are
no separate lessons fo r those living in villages we narrate the Sunday school
lessons to them in the form o f stories. It would be an excellent plan to give
Sunday school lessons in villages to meet requirements, and to teach town
congregations the generally prescribed lessons.
Besides these the T en Commandments, the A postles’ Creed, and the L o rd ’s
P rayer are taught them. T h ey are also taught to recite and sing hymns, although
they can with difficulty learn a hymn in three or four Sundays.
O w ing to the opening o f new railw ay communications there is a grand,
opportunity fo r extending our work. A lon g the banks o f the river Ganges
from Cawnpore' to A llahabad there is a vast field open to us, fo r no other
evangelistic body has as yet started w ork here ; but fo r this more w orkers are
needed. Since it is not likely that we can afford more laborers in the near
future I am transferrin g w orkers from places where there is little or no w ork
to others more promising. Into this field, therefore, we intend with G od’s help
to enter and we beseech your prayers and sympathy.
Educational
T here are very few day schools in this district. In Rae Bareli and Unao
’ there are two Upper P rim ary schools. M ost o f those who have passed out from
these schools received good appointments and receive us kindly and sympathet
ically. T hose who have received religious instruction in school never fo rget it.
W e have opened a school where the children o f the Banmanush may receive
religious as w ell as secular education. T hey think as little o f religion as pigs
do o f pearls. Some stone-cutters also belong to this tribe and by the kindness
o f the Bishop a like school has been opened fo r them too.
North India
29
W E S T E R N K U M A U N D IS T R IC T
T h e W estern Kum aun D istrict includes the N ain i T a l and Alm ora civil districts,
with an area of 8,074 square miles and a population o f 800,000, liv in g in 6,450
villages.
T h e district is situated almost entirely in the H im alaya M ountains.
Its
connection with the plains is by w ay o f the Rohilkhand and Kum aun R ailw ay, which
terminates at Katgodam , and by a branch o f the Oudh and Rohlikhand R ailw ay
from M oradabad to the town of Ramnagar. There are m any tea plantations w ithin
the bounds of the district. Kumaun is the H oly Land o f the H indu. Some o f the
sacred rivers o f India have their headwaters within the district.
T h e people live
in small, isolated villages, having little to do with their neighbors. There are canton
ments for British troops in Alm ora, N aini Tal, and Ranikhet.
Besides the work o f the M ethodist Episcopal Church, the London M issionary
Society has a flourishing station with a college at Alm ora, and two undenom inational
leper asylums are cared for by missionaries.
Naini Tal
N aini T al, the headquarters o f the civil district o f the same name, is situated
around a beautiful lake of the same name on the outer ranges o f the H im alayas,
at an average elevation o f 6,300 feet above sea level. It is tw elve miles from the
.railway terminus at Katgodam .
N aini T a l is the summer capital o f the U nited
• Provinces, with a m ilitary 'cantonm ent and the administrative center o f the Kum aun
civil division. T h e trade o f the town consists chiefly in supplying the needs o f the
summer visitors.
T h e first annual m eeting o f the M ethodist Episcopal Mission was held here on
A ugu st 20, 1858. M ission H all in N aini T a l was the first M ethodist Episcopal Church
in Southern A sia. T h e first worship was conducted in an old sheep house.
M issionaries: R ev. R ichard C. Busher and Mrs. Busher. W . F. M. S .: M isses
Agnes Ashw ill, Sarah A . Easton, E va H ardie, Rue E. Sellers, and N ora S. W augh.
In stitution s: Philander Smith C ollege (E n glish ), A nglo-V ernacular H igh School.
W . F. M. S .: W ellesley G irls’ H igh School (E n glish ), H industani G irls’ School.
S. S.
D ease,
Superintendent
A t N aini T al we have two important schools, the Philander Smith College,
an English school, with R. C. Busher, Principal, which draws its students from
all parts o f N orth India, and the Humphrey High School fo r Indian boys. T his
latter school has to enlarge its accommodations in order to meet the demands
o f the large number o f students attending.
In D w arahat we have a boys’ boarding school and also one fo r girls. T he
Middle School is a very flourishing institution and has such a large attendance
that it is difficult to find accommodation fo r the students. One addition to the
school building has just been completed and another has become a necessity.
W e have the promise o f land fo r a playground, which is much needed. T he
liberality o f the H indu residents has made it possible fo r us to enlarge our
schoolhouse and also to build a hostel. There is the greatest enthusiasm in
regard to schools in these parts. A number o f the children o f missionaries are
being educated in the Philander Smith College and W ellesley G irls’ H igh
School. M iss Sellers is principal o f the latter school. T h ey both rank very
high in the estimation o f the Educational Department o f the government.
Regarding the district as a whole, it is w onderful how favorably inclined
the people are toward Christianity. The old opposition seems to be dying out
and it is not thought to be w rong to speak in the highest terms o f Christ and
H is teachings.
T IR H U T D IS T R IC T
T h e T irh u t D istrict includes most o f the province o f Behar and a small portion
o f the southeast corner o f the U nited Provinces.
I t consists o f a huge territory
30
[1914
on both sides o f the G anges R iver, the land on the north bein g low, level, and ve ry
fertile.
T h a t on the south is not so fertile.
T h e district contains tw enty-five
m illions o f people, having many large towns o f from 45,000 to 135,000 inhabitants.
T h e language is H indi.
T irh u t means ‘‘the place o f the three rivers.”
A s it is
not a political division it has indefinite outlines, though our D istrict has well marked
boundaries.
O th er missions at w ork a r e : the E nglish B a p tis ts ; the E van gelical
L u th era n s; the Church M issionary S o c ie ty ; and the Regions Beyond M ission. T here
are large sections containing one to two million population w ithout a Christian
preacher o f any kind.
M ethodist Episcopal M ission work w as begun in June, 1888. T h ere are three
main centers.
1.
M u za ffa rp u r
M uzaftarpur (population, 46,000) is the headquarters o f the civil district o f the
same name, situated on the right bank of the Little Gandak R iver, in the north
western part o f Bengal. It is the center of the indigo plantations and m any English
planters reside in the vicin ity.
M ethodist Episcopal mission w ork was begun in 1888.
“ Gossner’s M ission” is
also at w ork here.
M ission aries: R ev. Charles L. Bare and Mrs. Bare.
In stitution s: Colum bia B o ys’ School and Orphanage. W . F. M. S .: Indian G irls’
School.
2.
B a llia
Ballia (population, 15,300) is the headquarters o f the civ il district o f the same
name in the U n ited Provinces. It is situated on the north bank of the Ganges, near
its confluence w ith the Gogra.
B allia is on the Bengal and Northwestern R ailw ay.
It is noted for the great D adri Fair, w hich brings from 500,000 to 600,000 visitors
e very year.
M ethodist Episcopal mission w ork was begun in 1906. N o other M ission Board
is at w ork here.
M ission aries: R ev. Herman J. Schütz (on furlough) and Mrs. Schütz (on
furlough).
3.
A rra h
Arrah (population, 46,000) is the headquarters o f the Shahadbad c iv il district,
w hich contains a population o f 2,000,000. It is situated south o f the G anges on the
E a st Indian R ailw ay.
W ork was begun by the M ethodist Episcopal Church in 1907.
M ission aries: R ev. Fred M. Perrill and Mrs. Perrill.
C. L . B are , Superintendent
T his district covers a great field— the population is 20,000,000 and in cer
tain tracts exceeds 1,000 to the square mile. T here are about 6,000 Christians in
Tirhu t. T irh u t is* also the center o f a great mass movement among the
Chatnars.
T h e rallyin g o f the chaudhris, or headmen, to Christ in this great mass
movement, and the baptism o f nearly 1,700 o f the people, mostly from the
Cham ar caste, are the two great outstanding facts on this district this year.
T h e w isdom o f first winning the chaudhri is apparent. H e is the social
and religious head o f the village community. W in him and you w ill win his
people. H e becomes at once the biggest unpaid voluntary w orker in t h e .whole
movement. A tour through some o f their villages was accordingly arranged
during February 1914, ending with a big meeting with them at Madhupur.Seventy chaudhris came. Bishop W arn e was present. T h e problem o f evangel
izing all their non-Christian brethren o f the Cham ar caste was clearly presented.
A brief discussion follow ed when they resolved that they would not cease to
labor until all the Chamars o f the B allia civil district, numbering all told 57,596,
had become Christians.
W e have taken steps to recognize the social and religious stand o f these
1914]
North India
31
chaudhris in their communities; and w ill place in their hands a paper duly
signed by the D istrict Superintendent and m issionary in charge. T h is w ill from
our side appoint them to be leaders and stewards over their people. T h is is
the first step in the effort to put this whole w ork on as largely a self-supporting
basis as possible. T h ey are men o f commanding influence. On one tour they
brought in all the Chamars o f six villages, and 360 were baptized. One chaudhri
wields the scepter o vef 307 villages.
This mass movement changes statistics as well as some other things. A
Hindu paper in Banares, the Navuajiwan, has been studying the government
census, and here is its lam en t: “A ccordin g to the census o f 1901 there w ere only
two native Christians in the Ballia District, but in the census o f 1911 their number
was 4,000. This means that so many Hindus bid goodbye to their ancestral
religion. T h e need fo r w ork on the part o f Hindus is appalling.”
There are many evidences that the marvelous increase in converts directly
from non-Christian people is alarm ing the Hindus. W e baptized 1,677 this last
year, and could just as easily have baptized three times this number if w e had
had the w orkers and the money to support them while shepherding the people.
Educational
Colum bia B o ys’ School at M uzaffarpur. A nglo-V ernacular M iddle School
teaching to H igh School standard.
T his is the only school o f its grade in the
district. Enrollment, 50. Principal, C. L. Bare.
A wealthy citizen o f M uzaffarpur, who represents a grow ing class o f edu
cated and enlightened Hindus, has
opened and with government aid maintains
an industrial school fo r the poor boys o f the city.
H e urges us to open a
number o f prim ary schools and hold Sunday schools in them, m aking them
centers o f Christian education and propagation.
32
N o r t h w e s t I n d ia Co n f e r e n c e
T h e N orth w est India Conference consists o f that portion o f the U n ited Provinces
w H ch lies south and w est o f the Ganges, together w ith the P u n jab and such parts
o f R ajputan a and C entral In dia as lie north o f the tw en ty-fifth parallel of latitude.
T h e Conference w as part o f the N orth In dia Conference until it w as organized as
a separate Conferen ce January 18, 1893.
A L L A H A B A D D I S T R IC T
A llah abad D istrict includes the m ission work in fou r large civil districts o f the
U n ited Provinces— Allahabad, M irzapur, Benares, and B anda— in each o f w hich are
large and im portant cities, towns, and villages. In addition the district includes the
mission w ork in tw o im portant n ative states— Rew a and Panna. T h e population o f
the district is about 4,000,000, the m ajority o f whom are engaged in agriculture.
T h e m ain line o f the E a st Indian R ailw a y passes through the district close to the
southern bank o f the Ganges.
Allahabad
A llah abad (population, 180,000) is the headquarters o f the civil district o f the
same name, also the seat o f governm ent for the U n ited Provinces. B y rail it is 564
miles from C alcu tta and 884 m iles from Bom bay.
A llah ab ad is the fifth largest
city in the U n ite d Provinces. It was the scen e-of one o f the m ost serious outbreaks
o f the M utin y in 1857 in the U n ited Provinces.
It is one o f the sacred cities
o f the H indus because it is a t'th e jun ctio n o f the rivers Jumna and Ganges. T h e
great M agh M ela is held here every January, at which between tw o and three m illion
people are in attendance. A llah ab ad is the seat o f a great u n iversity w ith which all
the im portant schools and colleges o f N orth In d ia are affiliated.
Besides the M ethodist E piscopal M ission, w hich was opened in 1873, the A m eri
can Presbyterian Board, the S ociety for the Propagation o f the Gospel in F oreign
Parts, the Industrial and E van gelistic M ission o f India, the Zenana, Bible, and M ed i
cal M ission, and the W om an ’s U nion M issionary S ociety o f A m erica are at w ork in
A llahabad.
M ission aries: R ev. Frederick B. P rice and Mrs. Price.
In stitu tion s: A n glo -V ern a cu la r B oys’ School, Industrial and T ra in in g School,
Orphanage.
F. B. P rice , Superintendent
We began the Conference year with a meeting of our preachers-in-charge
when new emphasis was laid on prayer, soul-winning and self-support in our
future progress. And we were soon engaged in the united evangelistic effort
on each circuit, utilizing all the workers, literature, schools and other agencies
for making Christ known. On several circuits famine conditions prevailed,
while small-pox, plague and cholera made their inroads; but the people seemed
all the more responsive to the Gospel tidings. Even the opposition of non-^
Christian cults was less pronounced than formerly, the Aryas and other ctjfts
often giving close attention and asking heartful questions.
—
Our people are distributed among eleven thousand towns and villages.
About ninety per cent are Hindus and the rest are chiefly Moslems, and some
Jains and Buddhists. The Christians number over 4,100, or about one to each
thousand non-Christians. There are seventy-eight foreign and 328 native work
ers, or one foreign worker to about 50,000, and one native worker to 12,000
people.
Our mission is represented by two missionaries of the Board and ninetynine Indian workers. We have eight schools for boys, seven for girls, seventythree Sunday schools with 2,400 pupils, three Junior and four Senior Epworth
Northwest India
33
Leagues, and a Christian community o f 1,200. Property valuation is Rs. 84,660;
raised during the year fo r current expenses, Rs. 984; fo r benevolences, Rs. 408;
and fo r ministerial support, Rs. 1,659; or a total on the field o f Rs. 4,051, not
including the income from the B o ys’ School.
On Chunar Circuit, in charge o f Joseph Nelson, there are many Doms,
some in Chunar itself and more in the region o f A hraura. These people belong
to the criminal classes and, fo r generations, have been a menace w herever they
have lived. N aturally, the police are w ary o f them, and, even when some o f
them reform , they are suspected and accused o f theft, and in some instances
imprisoned without just reason. W o rk among them is difficult and discourag
ing, though some o f them consented to the removal o f their chutiyas and other
signs of idolatry. A fte r due instruction, we baptized a number o f children and
others, and one veteran who had spent seven years in jail, but, since his release,
had found, we trust, the greater freedom in Christ. B y request o f the London
Mission fo r delimitation o f spheres o f evangelistic w ork in th e.M irzap u r civil
district, and with the approval o f our presiding bishop, we agreed in M arch, not
to undertake w ork in the area between Dagm agpur and Jigna, stations o f the
E ast Indian Railway, transferrin g thirty-seven Dom Christians to the care o f
that mission, which left to us the rest o f that district on and south o f the rail
way. On the other hand, we took over from the W esleyan Mission at Benares
their Dom converts in the M irzapur District, numbering one hundred and four,
and made over to them the few we had in Benares District, but retained our
w ork among the Chamars and other classes in and near M oghal Sarai. G overn
ment is disposed to aid mission w ork among these Doms, finding it more effective
and economical than police and jails. T he Chamars are also numerous on this
circuit, some o f them hailing from Ballia, where they are related to the C hris
tians o f that circuit; and we hope a like movement may develop among those
to whom we preach. These, with other communities o f the circuit, challenge
our best in their behalf.
Banda Circuit is in the Banda civil district with a population o f 700,000,
chiefly agricultural and illiterate, only six per cent males and .011 per cent females
being able to read. Government w orks a famine program, and the whole district
is unhealth ful and precarious. T he Chamars are the most numerous caste o f
Hindus who comprise ninety-four per cent o f the population. Our w ork on this
circuit has been cared fo r by K . H. Joseph o f the Manikpur Circuit. H e and
his helpers have sought to reach the K cls and L ai Begis about these stations and
surrounding villages, with measurable success. T hey report an increasing num
ber o f inquirers who seem about ready fo r baptism but, through fear o f opposi
tion refuse to become open Christians. The A ry as and Mohammedans have
been active in that region and place a barrier to religious freedom.
Sim ilar conditions exist on the K arw i Circuit, in charge o f Simon Jacob.
Bharw ari Circuit in charge o f M adar Bux, and Shankargarh Circuit in charge
o f Robert Portion, only varyin g with the industrial and social differences o f the
people and the degree o f educational and religious effort fo r their uplift. One
marvels at their poverty, toil and patience and at the skill shown in many o f their
products. Q uarrying and carving, pottery and weaving, mud toys, glassware,
grain, cotton, and jew elry, together with their mercantile instincts, reveal an
aptitude fo r progress, and point to higher gains when given fair chance. I11
some places the cost o f living and scarcity o f water, have proven most perplex
ing and call fo r practical relief.
34*
M ethodism has a high standard o f morals and ethics that India cannot spare.
T he English Church in A llahabad seems more than ever needed to help pro
mote and conserve the religious life o f the Europeans and A nglo-Indian com
munity. E very department is w ell organized and aggressive, and all w ork to
gether in Christ’s name. H er m inistry to civilians, students, soldiers and rail
w ay employees is not without fru itfu ln ess; and all the services are w ell attended.
W e are gratefu l to mention that one o f our brightest and worthiest young men
has decided to study fo r the ministry. H e has taken services w ith marked
acceptability and is hoping this year to enter D rew Seminary, in A m erica. The
Sunday school continues to thrive, and the Epw orth League is flourishing. T he
contributions o f the Church during the past year fo r all causes were Rs. 3,159,
which includes Rs. 379 fo r benevolences; and o f this sum Rs. 217 was fo r
Hindustani work, a portion supporting a w orker on the Ballia Circuit w here the
mass movement is rife.
Self-support
T he district reports the sum o f Rs. 2,624 raised fo r pastoral support, Rs.
493 fo r benevolences, and Rs. 984 fo r current expenses; or a total o f Rs. 4,101
raised on the field, with reference to the income from the B o ys’ School o f Rs.
2,347 and building grants from Government o f Rs. 3,500, or a total from all
sources o f Rs. 14,905.
Educational Work
In A llahabad our B oys’ School with H . B. G ray as headmaster, rejoices
over the reconstruction o f both the main building and the hostel fo r small boys,
made possible by grants from Government, supplementing the value o f the dura
ble portions, and o f the material at our disposal. T he reopening occurred on
December 5th, when Bishop W arn e presided. T hat same evening, he also graced
the banquet o f the form er students o f Reid Christian College resident in A lla h a
bad, including interested visitors, and held in the school hall. T he problem o f
providing fo r the increasing number o f such recruits to the Methodism o f A llah a
bad is receiving due attention, and plans are being considered for needed expan
sion o f our w ork, social, educational and spiritual, in behalf o f the large Indian
community, which also includes the less fortunate, but fa r more numerous and
dependent classes within our reach. F o r these, the prem sabha, the Sunday
schools and evangelistic efforts are more than ever needed. Just now the great
mela at the junction o f the Jumna and the Ganges Rivers is affording oppor
tunity which our w orkers and school boys are im proving fo r telling the Old,
Old Story and distributing timely literature. T h e pastor, Daniel Buck, reports
a neighborhood o f Doms pressing him fo r baptism and instruction. But experi
ence warrants caution against hasty treatment in such cases.
T h e A lice
Sheldon M em orial in Suddar Bazaar, in care o f H . L . A riel, and at Salim
Sarae on the Old State Road, o f Bachchhu Lai, have been well manned.• O ur Christian girls are still in the Cawnpore G irls’ School and others have
been sent there during the year. T h e w ork among the women o f the city and
in the villages has brought us in touch with many hungry souls to whom we are
glad to give the Bread o f L ife . W e have emphasized the importance o f teaching
the little children and as a result, have m ore day schools, and the beginnings
o f such schools in other places. T h e necessary omission o f the Sum mer School
was a real deprivation to the women, who at best have so little chance fo r
inspiration and advancement.
Northwest India
I9I4J
35
B U L A N D S H A H R D IS T R IC T
Aligarh
A ligarh (population, 70,000) is the headquarters o f the civil district o f the same
name in the U nited Provinces.
It is situated on the Grand T ru n k Road, at the
junction o f a branch of the Oudh and Rohilkhand R ailw ay with the E ast Indian R ail
way, 876 miles from Calcutta and 904 miles from Bombay. T h e city m akes a hand
some appearance, its center being occupied by the lo fty site o f an old f&rtress, now
crowned by a mosque. A ligarh contains the Anglo-M oham m edan College, the largest
east o f Cairo. It has a considerable export trade in grain, indigo, and cotton.
Besides the M ethodist Episcopal M ission, the Church M issionary Society is at
work in Aligarh.
M issionaries: R ev. Lucian B. Jones and Mrs. Jones.
W . F . M . S .: M isses
C arlotta E . Hoffman, Charlotte T . Holman (on furlough), and Julia I. K ipp (on
furlough).
Institutions: B oys’ Industrial School and Orphanage.
W . F. M. S .: Louisa
Soule G irls’ Orphanage, W om en’s Industrial Home.
J. T .
R o b e rtso n ,
Superintendent
A t the last Conference session five circuits from the M uttra D istrict were
added to our district. These included the city o f A ligarh and the institutions
there, and so make a very real addition to our work, none too light before. W e
found a great difference between this new field and the old work, and a vast d if
ference in the w ay it is manned.
T here is a Christian community o f 19,831. 114 Sunday schools thriving,
though not very w ell organized. T his year there have been 3,032 baptisms. O f
this number 400 are Chinese and the rest are from the Bhangis.
So fa r the w ar has made no impression on the M ass Movement, the people
are as eager as ever to come to us. Indeed they are more ready to come than
we are to take them, which is a shame on the Church.
B oys’ Industrial School and Orphanage, L. B. Jones, Superintendent. This
school is now recognized by the Government and receives a small grant-in-aid.
E very department showa progress. W ith a Government trained man at the head
o f the Carpentry Department we have had all the w ork we could manage, making
chairs, benches, and tables fo r the residents o f A ligarh. The Shoe Department
has received many letters o f appreciation from its patrons. T h e boys in the
W eaving Department are busy w eaving the cloth which is made up by other
boys into suits— each boy receives two suits a year.
A new feature o f our school is a Department fo r the Blind, where the boys
are taught to read and write in Urdu, by the Braille system and also to make
baskets and cane chairs. A blind teacher has been secured fo r this w ork.
T hough men and boys alike are busy in school and shop, they seek the
best in spiritual things. E very Sunday they go into the villages, seeking those
who do not know Christ. T h e teachers in school and shop are local preachers
or exhorters, and not the least o f their teaching is the principle o f self-support.
Even the smallest see that w ork is honorable, and that it is possible fo r a man
to support him self and fam ily, and still be able, like Paul the tent maker, to
have a part in spreading the Good N ew s o f the Kingdom .
T he Industrial School at A ligarh needs the prayers o f its friends, that it
may become a great factor, under the guidance o f the A lm ighty, in bringing
India to Christ.
36
The W om an’s Industrial Hom e— M rs. G. F. Matthews, Superintendent.
T he task o f caring fo r 245 women and girls is by no means easy. T here are
many Departments in the H om e: ’Bakery, Dairy, Poultry, Torchon Lace, Em^broidery, Plain Sewing, W eaving, Knitting, Basket M aking and Gardening. T he
bakery sends out 200 loaves o f bread every day, besides cakes, and biscuits.
O ur dairy and poultry departments, supplying sweet clean milk and fresh
eggs, are very popular with the English-speaking people in A ligarh. From our
garden we send vegetables and baskets o f fruit. A bout thirty girls are learning
to make lace and as many more are studying embroidery. T he sew ing classes
are crowded. From the H om e w e also send out each day into the city o f
A ligarh and the villages about, Bible Readers, who go into the Zenanas and
teach the women. Each Sunday these Bible Readers, in charge o f one o f our
assistants, conduct a Sunday school in A ligarh City am ong the heathen children.
C A W N P O R E D IS T R IC T
Th e boundaries o f the Cawnpore D istrict include the two entire civil districts
o f Cawnpore and Jalaun, with parts o f Etaw ah on the northwest and Jhansi in the
south.
T h e total population o f this field is 1,800,000, o f whom only about 5,600
are Christians. In the civil district o f Cawnpore alone we have six tow ns and 1,962
villages.
T h e district itself is part o f the great alluvial plain ly in g between the
Ganges and the Jumna.
Outside the c ity o f Cawnpore evangelization is chiefly
am ong the lower castes. T h e Cham ars, or leather-workers, number 240,000.
Cawnpore
Cawnpore (population, 200,000) is situated upon the w est bank o f the Ganges,
120 miles above its jun ction w ith the Jumna at Allahabad. B y rail it is 684 miles
from Calcutta and 839 miles from Bom bay.
Cawnpore is the third largest city in
the U n ited Provinces.
T h e city is called “ the M anchester o f In d ia” because of
its m any factories.
Cotton and woolen m ills abound.
T h e largest tanneries and
shoe factories in India are in Cawnpore.
Cawnpore has a large cantonm ent for
B ritish troops. In 1857 it was the scene o f several o f the most terrible episodes of
the M utiny.
T h e M em orial W ell, into which more than two hundred and fifty
murdered E nglish women an d children were thrown, stands in the center of a
beautiful garden.
Besides the M ethodist Episcopal M ission, which was opened in 1871, the other
mission boards at w ork here are the Society for the Propagation o f the Gospel, the
A m erican Presbyterian M ission, and the W om en’s U n ion M issionary Society o f
Am erica.
M issionaries: R ev. W illiam W . Ashe, M .D ., and M rs. A s h e ; R ev. H arvey R.
C alkins (on furlough) and Mrs. Calkins (on furlough) ; Mrs. V io la S. Tom linson (on
furlough). W . F. M. S .: M isses H ilm a A . Aaronson (on furlough) ; Ruth C ochran ;
A nne E. Lawson, Clara G. P o rter; M ary R ichm ond; M arguerite Schroeppel and Ethel
L . W hiting.
In stitution s: Central School and M ission W orkshops (H ind ustan i). W . F. M. S .:
G irls’ H igh School (E n glish ) ; H industani G irls’ Boarding School.
W. W. A
sh e,
Superintendent
T h e news o f the sudden death o f the Rev. W . E. Tom linson cast a gloom
o ver the entire district. I wish to record my appreciation o f the splendid con
dition in which I found everything pertaining to the district and o f his pains
taking effort to make it easy fo r his successor. F ew men have left a better
record on the mission field than Edw in Tomlinson, and his place w ill be hard
to fill.
T he responsibility o f evangelizing the greater part o f the population o f
2,000,000, especially the depressed classes, is no small task. T here are nine
foreign missionaries, including those o f the W om an’s Foreign M issionary So
1914]
Northwest India
37
ciety; eighteen ordained and fifty-one unordained native preachers; seventy-five
other w orkers.
Regular services are held in 253 villages and our Christians number 2,560.
T h e church membership is 636 and there are 1,192 probationers. T here have
been 351 baptisms.
T he Lizzie Johnson M emorial Church, Hindustani, has completed and dedi
cated its beautiful new building. T he pastor and his people raised $1,000 to
furnish the building, besides sufficient to install electric lights and fans and to
buy a new organ. T hey now have the best equipped church in the Conference.
T he English Church under, the pastorate o f Rev. W . G. M urphy has done
well under unfavorable conditions. H elpful members have moved aw ay and
the soldiers stationed at Cawnpore have been ordered into active service in
Europe. T he members have, however, continued to pay all the current expenses
o f the church. T his has been a strenuous year fo r both preachers and people,
but they have not flinched. Notwithstanding the exorbitant prices o£ all com
modities o f life, our w orkers have given a tenth o f their income. T he Laym an’s
T ithers’ League o f the Cawnpore church has maintained its good record, and
some o f the members have given much more than their “tithe.” T h e pastoral
support raised by the Hindustani people exceeds that o f last year by one hundred
and fo rty-fou r rupees. T his is not a great increase, but, considering the strin
gent financial conditions, it is very encouraging.
Our Sunday schools, 110 in number, have a total attendance o f 2,725. In
Cawnpore these schools are classified and graded, but in most places we have
but one teacher to every twenty pupils and the schools are not highly organized.
T he Central School and Mission W orkshops is an A nglo-V ernacular M iddle
and Industrial School fo r Hindustani boys. Enrollment, 210. M r. W . G.
Murphy is M anager o f the Industrial Department and N . T . Childs is head o f
the Middle School. Eighty-tw o boys are from Christian homes and o f these
seventy-five board in our hostel. T h e Government has furnished a grant-in-aid
to build a new hostel and new class rooms and soon we w ill be able to accom
modate many heretofore turned away. T he Industrial School was established
fifteen years ago by D r. H oskins fo r the purpose o f helping w orthy boys secure
an education by affording them an opportunity o f w orking their w ay through
school. M ore than one hundred young men have gone out equipped for greater
usefulness and are now holding responsible positions in mills, factories and g o v
ernment service. T w o are in Am erica w orking their w ay through college.
Hudson M emorial School, a Hindustani boarding school for girls, in Miss
Richmond’s care. T here are 120 students representing every station in the dis
trict. T hree out o f four girls who passed the Government M iddle School
examinations have entered higher institutions. A much needed hospital to care
fo r the sick has ju st been completed.
T he G irls’ H igh School (E n g lish )— Superintendent, Miss E. L. W h itin g;
Principal, M iss Schroeppel; Commercial Department, M iss C. A . P o rter; H igh
School Department, M iss M. Dease. Enrollment, 100. T h is department o f our
English w ork is increasing every year in importance and usefulness.
O ur village schools throughout the district are w ell attended. T here are
thirty-eight o f these prim ary schools, seventeen fo r boys and twenty-one fo r
girls. AU vernacular.
38
[1914
D E L H I D IS T R IC T
Delhi D istrict has existed as a district since the Conference session o f 1911,
h avin g previously been a part o f the Pun jab District.
It includes five government
districts w ith a population o f about three million, and is not occupied by any other
mission except the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel and the E nglish Baptist
Mission. These are w orking in a few centers only and am ong but one or two castes.
T h e M ethodist Episcopal is the only m ission doing work am ong the Sweepers, while
it also has a share in the w ork am ong the other castes.
Delhi
D elhi (population, 208,000), the capital o f the old M ogul empire, became, by
royal proclam ation at the tim e o f the coronation Durbar for K in g George, held there
in December, 19 11, the capital o f the present empire. D elh i was one o f the three
cities which figured conspicuously in the Sepoy mutiny.
It is full o f historic me
morials o f this and other chapters o f In d ia’s history. It is a M oslem center, M oham
m edans being in the m ajority am ong its in h abitan ts; it holds within its walls the
greatest Moham m edan mosque in India. D elhi ranks as the ninth city o f India in
size. It is a great railroad center, bein g intersected by the Great In d ia Peninsula,
E ast Indian, Northwestern, and Bom bay and Baroda R ailw ays.
M ethodist Episcopal w ork was opened in Delhi in 1892.
It became a mission
station in 19x1, when the R ev. F . M . W ilson was stationed there. T h e S ociety for
the Propagation o f the Gospel and the E nglish Baptist M ission have work there,
each o f these h avin g churches, a college, and a hospital in Delhi.
M ission aries: R ev. W . R ockw ell C lancy and M rs. Clancy, R ev. F ranklin M.
W ilson (on furlough) and M rs. W ilson (on furlough).
R o c k w ell C l a n c y , Superintendent
On the 12th o f December, 1911, K in g George V , in the great Durbar,
declared Delhi the capital o f India. F o r one hundred years Calcutta had enjoyed
this honor. T h e new Delhi w ill be built south o f the present city, toward the
K utab M inar which is distant eleven miles. T he Government buildings, the
palace fo r the V iceroy, residences fo r officials and public buildings, are estimated
to cost $30,000,000. A ll parts o f India can be readily reached from Delhi. T he
traveler can here enter a train and reach without change Calcutta, Madras,
Bombay, Lahore, Peshawar, and Karachi, the extrem ities o f the Empire. A
pow erful w ireless station connects the city with the outside world.
Our History in Delhi
T he mutiny o f 1857 drove D r. W illiam Butler and his fam ily from Bareilly
to Naini T al, scattered or killed all the Europeans in N orth India and filled
D elhi with 50,000 Sepoys (Indian soldiers). General John Nicholson and his
little army o f about 5,000 h a lf British and h alf Indian, took the city in Sep
tember, 1857. John Nicholson gave his life. The mutineers fled and the great
mutiny ended. Bahadur Shah, the old Emperor, the last o f the Moguls, sur
rendered in H um ayun’s Tom b, and w as brought back to Delhi for trial which
was held in the D iw an-i-Am m , the great audience hall in the Palace. A t that
trial Dr. W illiam Butler was present. In that hall he w rote an urgent appeal
to the Church in A m erica to send money to build orphanages fo r the children
o f the mutineers, one o f whom, Rev. Pundi Isa Das, still lives and is an honored
member o f the N orth W est India Conference. In 1892 mission w ork was begun
in the cit3r, thé appointment being held by an Indian preacher. T he first A m er
ican m issionary to live here was Rev. F . M . W ilson, in 1910, and he remained
district superintendent o f Delhi D istrict until the session o f Annual Conference
in January, 1914, when he and M rs. W ilson went on furlough. D uring the last
three years M r. W ilson had more than 6,000 baptisms chiefly in the villages to the
north o f Delhi, in the region o f thç M ass Movement,
1914]
Northwest India
39
Our Field
Delhi D istrict has ten circuits with 13,616 Christians living in 366 villages.
D uring the year there were 1,504 baptisms and 3,183 registered inquirers. T here
are 118 Sunday schools and 2,613 pupils, 207 Christians who can read the Bible
and 420 girls and boys learning to -read. F ifty -six heathen shrines have been
broken.
F o r our w ork on this field there are three foreign missionaries, eight
ordained and twenty unordained Indian preachers, eighteen exhorters, twentyseven pastor-teachers, fo rty-six Bible women and 300 chaudhris, voluntary
unpaid workers.
T he territory included in the Delhi District extends from Rew ari, fifty
miles southwest o f Delhi, to Jhakal, 124 miles northwest o f Delhi on the N o rth
western Railway, then fifty miles across to Barnala on a line between Am bala
and Bhatinda. On the Delhi K alka Railw ay we run as fa r north as Am bala.
W e had taken over three circuits from the Punjab D istrict at the beginning o f
the y e a r ; but w e gave over the Am bala circuit with about 600 Christians to the
Am erican Presbj'terians. W e now have w ork in four civil districts, the Delhi
Presidency and the N ative States o f Jhind and Patiala. N early all our chief
centers are on railways. W e have Christians living in about thirty different
parts o f Delhi City and in 336 villages outside o f the city. T here is a vast'
community o f Sweepers and Chamars (depressed, classes) whom we have not
been able to reach and who are ju st as good material fo r Christians as the more
than 7,000 who have been baptized in this district during the past fo u r years.
It is only a question o f Christian teachers and the money to pay them till the
Christians can support them. In one village there are more than 250 people who
have been asking fo r baptism fo r more than a year. T h ey have not yet been
sufficiently taught and may have to w ait another year. In an adjoining village
there are even more who have waited eighteen months. W e have more than
3,000 people on our lists who have had some Christian teaching but who are
having to w ait fo r more. W e feel that we must not allow our Indian preachers
to baptize more than they can teach. B ut how long must the people be kept
w aiting ?
W e have no educational institutions in Delhi nor do we own any property,
though a most desirable piece has been selected and it is hoped soon to make
the purchase.
In our search over Delhi fo r a place fo r our Mission, w e were taken to a
beautiful garden containing nearly twelve acres. W e had not known o f such a
private property in Delhi. T h e owner offered it to us fo r $1.33 a square yard ;
he would probably take less; but that is cheap fo r land in this city. Recently,
governm ent paid $1,000 fo r thirty yards, and sold another piece fo r $20 a yard
in the bazaar; so our garden is “ dirt cheap.” There is plenty o f room fo r the
W om an’s Foreign M issionary Society and our Society fo r bungalows, hostels
fo r girls and also fo r boys and fo r a church, and the garden is in just the right
place fo r our w ork. W h y not buy at once? L et some good man or wom an give
us $70,000 fo r the land and $30,000 fo r buildings and the beautiful garden w ill
belong to this M ission within two days.
Chaudhris
These are the men w ho are the great hope o f our w ork. T h ey are the
headmen o f village communities and their authority over their people is great
40
fo r good or evil, fo r the people do largely as their chaudhris say and do. T h e
system is patriarchal and the chaudhris are the patriarchs. O ur rule is never to
baptize till the whole community in a village is ready, chaudhris especially.
W e give special care to training these leaders. Y ou should hear many o f them
lead their p'eople in singing and the L o rd ’s Prayer, T en Commandments, and the
life o f our L ord. F ew can read but they can all sing. Recently, M rs. Clancy
and I went to a village. T h e chaudhris and their people met us and led us to
their m ohalla; then they fairfy took charge o f the meeting. T h ey sang hymn
a fter hymn on Christ and H is power to save from sin. T he high caste people o f
the village gathered around us to be taught about Christ by the men who are their
serfs. W hen we le ft the village they came along the path still singing, and as
they returned to the village they w ere still singing the Gospel in song. These
chaudhris are the men we are a fter and we are getting them fo r Christ. Our
Indian preachers w ill not baptize a community till the chaudhris who have been
teaching them recommend them. T hese 300 voluntary w orkers are accomplishing
more than the paid w orkers can because they are chaudhris and have authority
over their people. A t a recent quarterly conference there were chaudhris from
tw elve villages some o f whom walked in ten miles and back the same night.
One chaudhri was selected by the others to report fo r each village. T here were
sixty villagers present at that meeting which began at seven in the m orning and
went on till noon without a break; again from four to seven o’clock in the even
ing, leaving us ju st time to catch our train. This is a sample o f how the w ork
is being done by the people. These chaudhris collect the self-support, gifts o f
grain, eggs, pigs, chickens, and money.
O ur women w orkers are our school teachers in the main. T hey cannot travel
fa r from the village in which they live ; but they gather the boys and girls at
home and teach them to read. A m ong more than 13,000 Christians in the Delhi
D istrict not more than 600 can read at all, and only 207 o f these can read the
Bible. W h at a w ork there is before u s!
H IS S A R D I S T R IC T
Hissar
H issar D istrict covers an area o f 800 square miles and has a population of
5,500,000.
A bout tw o thirds o f the district is in the R ajputan a desert where the
average annual rain fall is only seven inches. O n ly one crop is raised. W h ile many
parts o f India have been devastated by the plague there has not been a single case
in the desert regions in and about Bikanir- T h e heat is great but there is a cold
season and the hot sand blizzards last only tw o days. Bikanir, head o f our principal
circuit in the heart o f the desert, has perhaps the purest and best w ater in the w o r ld :
the wells are 300 feet deep and never run dry. T h e people are gen erally mort hardy
than those who live in other parts o f India. D esert hardships have made them more
thrifty.
T h is is a new district and there is no other mission at w ork here except the
English Baptists, who have a m edical zenana work at B hivan i about forty miles
southeast o f Hissar.
M ission aries: R ev. James Lyon and Mrs. Lyon.
J a m e s L yo n , Superintendent
T his district has nine circuits, m aking nine centers with a H industani min
ister at the head o f each and to w ork this great country there are only fifty-nine
w orkers, including Bible readers and pastor-teachers. A bout 50,000 are actu
ally reached by our message and nearly 15,000 make up our congregations.
1914 ]
Northwest India
41
A s a result o f special revival services the whole district organized itself into
a “ Tithers Society,” all cheerfully became tithers and eight o f the w orkers went
on self-support, five wholly and three partially; a D istrict Finance Committee
was formed and two delegates appointed to meet others at our Annual C o n fer
ence.
A t the beginning o f the year we sent out the follow ing notice to all w o rk e rs :
I. Baptize no seekers who do not believe with all their hearts that Jesus
Christ is the Son o f God.
II. Baptize none who are not w illing to abstain from meat offered.
III. Baptize no seekers if provision cannot be made fo r their instruction.
IV . Remember that it is the privilege o f each one baptized to receive the g ift
o f the H oly Spirit at the time o f baptism.
W e have had 433 baptisms during the year and have now a Christian com
munity o f 2,264. O ur fifty-fo u r Sunday schools have a total membership o f
3 ,5 0 0 .
W e plan to open a training school in each circuit or center, give our new
converts a year’s training, and then set them to w ork on self-supporting lines.
W hen one remembers that our converts can neither read nor write and are the
product o f ages o f heathenism, it w ill be seen that the task we have set ourselves
is very great.
M E E R U T D IS T R IC T
M eerut D istrict is about 60 by 80 miles in dimensions. It lies between the
R ivers G anges and Jumna. It is composed o f the civil district o f M eerut and the
m ajor part of the Muzafifarnagar D istrict. T h e territory of this district is one o f
the richest in India and is w atered by the Ganges and Jumna Canals.
Its com
parative altitude m akes M eerut one o f the healthiest districts in the plains o f India.
T h e population o f the field covered by this district is about 2,000,000.
N early a
m illion and a h a lf o f the population are Hindus. T h e body o f the rem ainder are
Moslems.
T h e m asses o f the people live in towns and villages. A bout one h all
the people depend entirely on agriculture for a living.
Besides the M ethodist Episcopal M issionary Society, the Church M issionary
S ociety and the English Baptist M issionary Society carry on work in this field. T h e
Reform ed Presbyterian M issionary Society of Am erica have had a little w ork in the
M uzafi'arnagar civil district, but this is now being made over to the M ethodist
E piscopal Church in exchange for w ork in the Punjab.
Meerut
M eerut (population, 150,000) is the adm inistrative headquarters o f the M eerut
civil district and o f the M eerut com missioner’s district, w hich includes all the
follow ing other civil districts, viz., Dehra Doon, Saharanpore, Muzafi'arnagar, B ulandshar and A ligarh .
M eerut is one o f the chief m ilitary cantonm ents in N orth
India.
B y rail it is 970 miles from Calcutta, and 9 3 1 miles from Bom bay.
It is
noted as bein g the scene o f the outbreak o f the M utiny of 1857. O f the population
fifty per cent are H indus and about forty per cent Mohammedans.
T h e M ethodist Episcopal Church opened work in the station in 1875.
T h e first
w ork was confined m ostly to Europeans. M ission work was opened regularly am ong
the Indians in 1887. T h e Church M issionary Society carries on work in Meerut.
M issionaries: R ev. Thom as S. Donohugh (on furlough) and Mrs. D onohugh (on
furlough), R ev. j . Benson Baker and Mrs. Baker, Rev. W illiam D . Beal and Mrs.
Beal, Mr. R aym ond W . Noon. W . F. M. S . : Misses L y d ia D . Christensen, W inn ie M.
Gabrielson, M elva A . Liverm ore (on furlough), and Caroline C. Nelson.
In stitu tion : A n glo -V ern acu lar M iddle School.
B e n s o n B a k e r , Superintendent
The Opportunity
In the very heart o f India, a territory as big as the State o f Connecticut,
with a population as great as that o f the State o f Indiana— a baptism every
42
w orking hour o f this year and more M ethodists than our w orkers can care fo r—
10,678 inquirers now knocking at the door, and all o f this in the face o f heavy
persecution— this is t h e opportunity that faces us in the M eerut District.
O ur Christian community has grow n and now numbers 21,213. D uring
the year 3,080 were baptized. F o r this great task we have eight foreign mission
aries and 190 native workers. W e cannot care fo r these people as fast as they
would come from the 1,113 villages under our care. M ost o f our people
belong to the low est classes, Chamars (188,000) and Sweepers (45,000). This
great mass o f people are ours and ready to be baptized.
The Transformation
Can you understand what a transform ation it is? India is all “ Class.”
These poor ones are slaves, or if not slaves they are serfs. F or centuries they
have not dared call their souls their own. T he landlord has been to them all and
all. N o w fo r the first time they begin to realize that they are men, that they have
some rights, that they can look the haughty “Zam indar” in the face and say, “ I am
a free man.” O f course the master does not like it and trouble results, but the
first step has been taken. It means the complete transform ation o f the social
fabric o f the country. A n d with this social change comes a tremendous moral
change. Because the souls, too, have been bound, and there has been no moral
responsibility. It is a mighty upheaval and the Kingdom is coming. T his
means persecution o f the most violent kind— men are beaten, women are out
raged, lands and rights are taken aw ay and every possible thing is done. T he
result is, m ore inquirers than ever.
The Bitter Cry
“ Sahib, w ill you no# come to our village and teach us? W e too want to
know about the Christ.” A gain and again people come to us with that request
on their lips. In one part o f the district w here we had been w orking fo r some
time, the people held a big mass meeting. T hey sent delegates from over thirty
villages, and some three thousand men attended. F o r two days they discussed
the Christian religion and a fte r prolonged debate by form al vote decided to
become Christian. A n d we did not have a man that could be spared to pre
pare them fo r baptism. In another place a wealthy shoe m anufacturer was
baptized. H e was the leading man o f his caste in a large territory and what
he said went with his follow ers, and a fte r his baptism he said. “ W e all want to
become Christians. Send us teachers and I w ill see that they are taken care o f.”
A man came to m y door and said, “ Sir, I want Jesus Christ.” T h a t is the cry.
It sounds sweet to your ears and so it does to ours, but when you hear it and
cannot respond, then it is hard to hear. B ut the people o f this land do want
Jesus. W e have 10,678 inquirers who are acknowledged seekers. B ut that is
only the few that we have on our records. In the M eerut D istrict there are about
tw o and a h a lf million people, most o f whom w ant C h rist; but there are two
hundred and fifty thousand o f one caste, practically every one o f whom is or
could be an inquirer, and i f w e had the men to care fo r and train them could
be baptized. T h is is not mere guesswork, fo r w herever we go and teach them
they soon ask fo r baptism, and are so closely bound together that when one
comes all follow . W e can baptize as fast as we can take care o f them, so
that as fa r as the human element is concerned it is a matter o f men and money.
A n d it is not only the low caste that are coming. In our recent D istrict
Conference we baptized a Mohammedan, although he knew that it might mean
Northwest India
43
death fo r him, and we are now planning to get him aw ay from this part o f the
country. T h e high caste people seeing what a w onderful transform ation takes
place when the people become Christian, begin to inquire and often become
Christians.
Our distress arises from the fact that we have not w orkers enough to
care for the people as fast as they want to come. A number o f the preachers
in this district have over thirty villages each to care for. It is a physical impos
sibility fo r them to do it, and so some must go neglected. A nd more than this
many calls must go unheeded. There should be fo rty more w orkers in this
district today.
Accepting the Challenge
W e accept the challenge and are laying foundations to win the whole o f
the district. F irst o f all, there are the schools. These people are absolutely
ignorant when they come to us, so we are establishing day schools all over the
district. T h e British Government attempts to give an education to all who want
it. In many villages there are schools but the low caste people cannot attend.
T here is no rule to keep them out; they are simply frozen out by the high caste,
who say, “ Y o u are untouchable and cannot come here.” I f we undertake to
educate these people the Government is willing to help us, but we must first
o f all have trained men to do the teaching.
Our Schools
Prom ising boys and girls are selected from these village schools and brought
into M eerut and put into boárding schools. Here they are brought into contact
with all that is best and a fter a thorough training not only in books but in all
that goes to make up the Christian life, they are sent out again into the work.
These schools are the hope o f our w ork. Most o f the revivals o f recent years
have begun in these schools. There are 140 boys enrolled in our A n glo-V ern ac
ular M iddle School under the supervision o f R. W . Noon.
Bible Training Schools
T he constant cry from the preachers-in-charge is “ Give us more w orkers.”
A n d the question is, where are we to get the men ? In order to try and answer
this question we have established T rainin g Schools. E very now and then in the
villages we find young men o f special promise. Perhaps they are unable to read
but it is only because they have had 110 opportunity to learn. W e select the best
and bring them into this school. They stay perhaps three years. T hey are
given the rudiments o f an education and much time is spent in getting them
into touch with all that Christianity means. Then they are sent out into the
villages to teach their own people.- A nd they are among the best w orkers we
have. God is greatly blessing this form o f effort.
/
The Chaudhri
T he chaudhri is the “layman” o f the Indian Church. -E v ery caste in every
village has a man who is the head o f his caste in that village. H e has more
authority than a ward boss in Am erica. W hat he says goes. H e is indeed the
“key man” as far as the village Christian is concerned. W e have captured the
chaudhri fo r the Kingdom . A Christian chaudhri is appointed fo r each village.
He is the pastor's right hand man. A nd when a preacher has twenty villages
it is important to have a man on the ground. H e collects the salary, he leads
in the meeting, he enforces discipline, he is the class leader; he receives no
44
[1914
pay fo r his w ork but is usually the largest giver in the village. W e had in
M eerut this year a great chaudhris’ meeting (Laym en’s Convention). These
men came at their own expense and they are poor people. T hey stayed three
or four days. T hey were taught to sing, to repeat Bible verses, to pray and to
know something o f the great doctrines o f sin and salvation. T hey on their part
promised to help in doing aw ay with all heathen customs, to give and collect
money fo r the church, to teach their people, to pray and in every w ay to help
the pastor.
Self-support
W e need money as never before. W e are pushing out into new places all
the time. O ur Christians are as yet onty babes and must be helped. W e must
furnish schools at present and tliere are a thousand and one things to be done.
But, we are doing all we can to help ourselves. A t our D istrict Conference
this year “ Self-support” was the big thing. Bishop W arne was with us and we
spent many days in prayer and consultation as to the best w ay to get the people
to begin to w alk. T h ey are giving. E very w orker in the district gives his tithe.
M any o f our people are helping. It is w onderful how they give out o f their
poverty. N on-Christians often help us. B ut wc have not had a proper method
fo r collecting. W e are now planing new methods and as fast as we can we
propose to have each community take over the support o f its pastor.
M U T T R A D IS T R IC T
Th e M uttra D istrict extends for about one hundred m iles along both sides of
the R iver Jumna and takes in the civil districts o f M uttra, A gra, M ainpuri, Etah,
and A ligarh.
T h e population o f this area is about 4,000,000.
In this district are
eight or ten im portant cities, w ith populations ranging from 20,000 to 200,000, and
besides these there are m any large tow ns and villages.
T h e governm ent has built
good roads throughout the length and breadth o f this territory, so that practically
e very part o f the field is easily accessible. T h is is one of the most productive parts
o f the country, and is so w ell watered by two or three system s o f canals that there
is little danger o f fam ine, even when the rains com pletely fail. Th ree or four large
railw ay system s lin k the country up with the great cities o f India, so that there is
alw ays a good m arket fo r everythin g that the people can produce.
Agra
A gra (population, 200,000) is the headquarters o f the A gra civil district o f the
U nited Provinces.
It is situated on the Jumna R iver, 843 m iles from Calcutta
and 839 m iles from B om bay by rail.
It is the fourth city in size in the U nited
Provinces.
O f the population about s ix ty per cent are H indus.
T h e fam ous T a j
M ahal is on the right bank o f the river. T h e city contains, in addition to the district
offices, some fine public buildings.
It is a great railw ay center at which several
important lines meet. T h e city is famous for its native arts. It is one o f the chief
educational centers in the U n ited Provinces. It was the earliest center o f the m is
sionary enterprise in N orth India. A g r a is the seat o f a Rom an C ath olic bishopric,
d atin g back to the time o f the M ogul Em peror Akhbar. T h ere are three colleges—
S ain t John’s College o f the C h u rch M issionary Society, the Rom an Cath olic College,
and A gra College.
Besides the M ethodist Episcopal M ission, which was opened in 1874, the Church
M issionary Society, the Edinburgh M edical M issionary Society, the English Baptist
M ission, and the B aptist Zenana M ission are represented.
M issionaries: R ev. Claudius H . Plom er and Mrs. Plom er.
Brindaban
Brindaban (population, 50,000) is a town in the civil district o f M uttra,
s ix miles up the Jum na R iver from M uttra. T h e town is w holly given up to
worship o f K rishna and has five thousand temples, some o f which cost several
and are rich ly endowed. Its annual car festival draw s a hundred thousand
from all parts o f India.
situated
the vile
m illions
pilgrim s
Northwest India
45
Besides the M ethodist Episcopal M ission, the Church M issionary Society is at
w ork in Brindaban. T h e W om an’s Foreign M issionary Society has a hospital in the
city.
M issionaries: W . F. M. S .: M isses Cora I. Kipp, M .D ., Eunice Porter, Emm a
Scott, M .D ., (on furlough), and Linnie Terrell.
In stitu tion : W . F . M. S . : Hospital.
Muttra
M uttra (population, 60,000) is situated in the A gra division o f the U n ited P ro v
inces on the right bank o f the Jumna R iver and on three important lines o f railway.
T h e city is famous as the birthplace o f Krishna, and is visited by thousands o f H indu
pilgrim s annually. It was the center o f the Buddhist faith long before the Christian
.era, and is mentioned by P lin y and Ptolem y.
T h e finest collection o f Buddhist
relics in India is found in the museum at M uttra. M uttra for one hundred years
has been a cantonm ent for British cavalry.
T h e M ethodist Episcopal M ission has been at work in M uttra since 1887. Th e
Church M issionary Society and the E nglish Baptist M ission are at work in M uttra.
M ission aries: R ev. M ott K eislar and Mrs. Keislar, M .D . W . F . M. S . : M isses
A d elaid e C lan cy and Isabel M cK nigh t.
In stitu tion s: B oys’ B oarding School, T ra in in g School. W . F. M. S .: Blackstone
M issionary Institute.
M o tt K e is la r ,
Superintendent
T he district has in its center the Vaishnavi holy-land, which is visited by
thousands o f pilgrims every year. M any o f these hear the Gospel and carry
it to distant homes. D uring the preaching at the last great festival a certain
sect was organized to prevent the name o f Jesus from being heard. A few
weeks later one o f these leaders was baptized. A n old woman witnessing the
destruction o f a Gospel said: “ W hat good does that do? B y destroying the
book you are not destroying their printing press.” T w o bright, w ell educated
young Brahm ans who were converted last year at the scene o f this contest have
been sent to B areilly where they are doing good w ork as students in the T heolog
ical Seminary. Because o f the opposition, more eagerness to hear the Gospel
was manifested.
A n elderly, educated, high caste man, now retired on a private income, is
giving his Christian testimony before all. H e has written an interesting little
tract in two parts, “W h y I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son o f God,” and
"W h y I believe that the Bible it the W ord o f God.” T his is being printed as
the first output o f our little mission press. H e is contributing $10.00 toward
the new type.
D uring revival month our congregations aggregated over 28,000. Sunday
services are held in 1,042 villages and our Christians number 14,893.
A t last Conference five circuits were attached to Bulandshar D istrict so our
present Christian community is 15,534 living in 987 villages. T here have been
1,822 baptisms during the year. O ur 156 Sunday schools with 5,387 pupils and
seventy-eight day schools with almost 1,200 pupils represent a great field, our
hope o f the future. From these schools we draw recruits fo r the staff o f
mission workers. T here are ten missionaries, 180 paid native helpers, and 121
voluntary w orkers on the district.
T here are boundless opportunities fo r evangelistic w ork on this district.
T he poor people hear o f Him gladly, but it has been necessary to refuse baptism
in many cases as we have so few workers. T he mass movement is am ong us
and we hope to be able to reap the great harvest that is waiting.
Miss Kipp, M.D., and Miss Porter, missionary nurse, are carrying on the
medical and evangelistic w ork at Brindaban. T here have been many encourag
ing features in the w ork and a steady increase in the number o f patients.
46
English w ork has been carried on by Rev. C. H . Plom er in A g ra where we
have a good congregation and Sunday school.
T he A nglo-V ern acular M iddle and Boarding School fo r Boys. H ead
master, A . Luke. Enrollment, 161, o f whom 61 board in the hostel in charge of
the Rev. M. S. Budden.
T he school building is w ell located- and we are hoping to establish an
Institutional Church. W e have a small press and new type and shall have
apprentices as soon as all can be arranged. A n English night school, library,
and reading room, lecture courses and other features are to follow . W e hope
by these means to present the Gospel to the multitudes o f non-Christians who
throng this part o f the city. T he school buildings are the g ift o f M r. W . E.
Blackstone.
T he Blackstone M issionary Institute comprises a girls’ boarding school and
a training school. T he girls’ school is under the management o f the W om an’s
Foreign M issionary Society, with M iss Clancy and M iss Randall in charge. E n
rollment, 96.
T he T rain in g School, with M iss M cK night and Miss Boddy in charge, is the
only institution o f its kind in our region and its pupils represent many denomina
tions.
P U N JA B D I S T R IC T
Pun jab D istrict includes the Pun jab civil province with its three cities, 53
towns, and 43,660 villages, and a population o f about 27,000,000.
It is the seat
o f the earliest A ry a n settlem ents in India. A bout fifty-six per cent o f the popula
tion is sustained by agriculture. T h e m ain source o f wealth lies in the exportation
o f wheat. T h e greater portion o f the work o f the M ethodist Episcopal Mission is in
the Patiala state, especially in P a tiala city, am ong about 6,000,000 people, o f whom
about one tenth are o f the depressed classes.
Besides the M ethodist Episcopal Mission, the other boards at work in the Pun jab
are the E nglish B aptist M ission, the Reform ed Presbyterian M ission, the Church
M issionary Society, the Church o f England Zenana M ission, the Society for the
Propagation o f the Gospel, the Church o f Scotland, the M oravian M ission, the
U n ited Presbyterian M ission, and the Zenana Bible and M edical M ission, and the
Salvation A rm y.
Lahore
Lahore (population, 210,000) is the political capital o f the Punjab. It is situated
on the R avi R iver, and at the junction o f the railw ay lines from K arachi, Peshaw ar,
and Calcutta, 1,250 m iles from the last and 1,280 miles from Bom bay.
O f the
population about six ty per cent are Mohammedans. T h e native city covers an area
o f about one square mile. T h e European quarters cover a large area and contain
the secretariate buildings, the district courthouse, the governm ent college, and
Punjab U n iversity, the Senate H all, the Am erican Presbyterian College, and other
important buildings.
Lahore is one o f the m ost important educational centers in
N orth India. R udyard K ip lin g was educated here.
Other mission hoards
a t work here are the Church M issionary Society, the A m erican Presbyterians (N o rth ),
the Society fo r the Propagation o f the Gospel in F oreign Parts, and the Zenana
B ible and M edical M ission.
M ission aries: R ev. John C. Butcher, M .D ., and Mrs. Butcher.
W . F. M. S . :
M iss L ily D . Greene.
In stitu tion : Johnson M em orial T ra in in g School.
J. C. B u tc h e r , Superintendent
T he Punjab D istrict has again been divided. In 1906 the Roorkee D istrict
was set off, in 1911 the Delhi D istrict was formed, and in 1914 the Southern
1914-J
Northwest India
47
Punjab D istrict took shape. In the final adjustment the Southern Punjab only
took from us one circuit, the Bhatinda with 555 Christians, but the Am bala
Circuit with 686 Christians was handed over to the care o f the Am erican Presby
terians and the Patiala Circuit with 609 Christians to the R eform ed Presby
terians, while the Sangrur and Barnala Circuits with 1,292 Christians were
added to the D elhi D istrict. So altogether the Punjab D istrict was relieved o f
the care o f five circuits containing 3,142 Christians. T h at reduced the number
o f our circuits to eleven and the number o f Christians to 14,957. T h e chief
gain to the D istrict Superintendent has been that he has had few er miles to
travel, few er w orkers to supervise, and few er patrons with whom to cor
respond.
T h e number o f men at w ork in the district this year has been seventy, who
have had to shepherd 17,299 Christians, instruct 8,511 inquirers, teach 931 per
sons to read, sell 9,483 Scriptures and portions and preach the Gospel as far as
possible to 2,500,000 non-Christians.
W e are constantly having seekers from among the Mohammedans and upper
class Hindus, but such converts would require an amount o f care and financial
help that we, with our other responsibilities, are not able to give. N on-Chris
tians are often present at our services and are seriously impressed by the lives
o f our professed Christians.
T here have been 2,894 baptisms or an average of over forty-one to each
w orker. T h e role played by the paid w orkers in bringing forw ard candidates
fo r baptism is quite secondary. Converts are mostly made by the unpaid helpers
o f whom 385 have been recognized by the Q uarterly Conferences as leaders.
W e grade them into three ranks— H ead Leaders, Assistant H ead Leaders,
and Leaders. T h e higher ranks are conferred on those who do more w ork and
give more money. T hese leaders gather the people fo r worship, see that the
children attend school and introduce the preachers to those non-Christians who
are likely to cast their lot with us.
It seems as if we had at length found a really valuable indigeneous agency
fo r the propagation o f the Gospel. T his discovery also seems to mark the transi
tion from the mission to the church. H eretofore the mission has been the im
portant factor and the church an auxiliary. H ereafter the church must be
responsible fo r the w ork, and the mission a helper.
Assistant District Superintendents
Since September 1st we have tried a new experiment. F o r some time it
has been evident that much o f the w ork demanded a closer supervision than the
district superintendent has been able to give. So it was decided to appoint
superintendents over two sub-districts. T hese sub-district superintendents are
* not to do the w ork o f the district superintendent, nor o f the preachers-in-charge,
but are to counsel and assist both. T h e two sub-district superintendents ap
pointed were Indian brethren who have been conspicuously successful in village
work, in the development o f self-support in the district. D uring the time the
experiment has been in operation, it has amply justified itself. T h e backward
circuits have been brought into line, and the preachers who were lacking in
initiative have been directed into profitable lines o f work.
Relation of Foreign Help
,
A nother new agent has come into the Punjab District. T he Vancouver
District has undertaken the support o f the Punjab D istrict on the Station Plan.
48
T h a t is, they pay that portion o f the expense o f the district which comes to us
from the regular appropriation o f the Board. T h is means the expenses o f the
salary, house, and transit o f the missionary and his fam ily, also the donation
given bj' the Board to assist in our educational, pastoral, and evangelistic w ork.
A s suggested above the burden o f the pastoral and evangelistic w ork must rest
upon the Indian church. But the w ork pressing to be done is much beyond the
power o f our infant church, so we have three helpers in Am erica, the Board of
Foreign Missions, the W om an’s Foreign M issionary Society and Special G ifts.
In the older w ork the help o f the Board has been so large, that the pastoral
and evangelistic w ork has been often regarded as their peculiar obligation. But
more and more the W om an’s Foreign M issionary Society has been assisting by
employing the w ives o f the male w orkers to w ork among the women. T h e most
precarious but inspiring factor has been the Special G ifts, in regard to which we
can still say that fo r every g ift o f $40 a year we can keep in the w ork a man
who would not otherwise be employed by us.
Self-support
T h e contributions o f our people fo r the support o f the w ork have increased
this year by Rs. 777, and have amounted to Rs. 3,611 or more than a fourth o f
the total expenditures o f the fourteen circuits fo r salaries o f the men, house
rent, travelling, m oving and incidentals. I f from this total expenditure o f Rs.
13*054, we could deduct all the expenses fo r evangelization, w e should'find that
our native church is paying the m ajor part o f the expense o f the strictly pas
toral w ork. It thus appears that w ithout outside help something might be done
to keep the churches going. B ut w ithout the help o f the B oard and the W om an’s
Foreign M issionary Society the evangelistic w ork cannot be continued and w ith
out the help o f the Special G ifts it cannot be pressed.
The Attack of Illiteracy
T h e weakest spot in our w ork appears in ,the matter o f education. O ur
w orkers claim to have been teaching 931 persons to read, but this teaching in
most cases has been very slight. O ur instructions are that every w orker should
always carry in his hymn-book a primer, and w herever he can get an opportunity
he should teach somebody something. Consequently, a good many have learned
their letters, and in almost every circuit some one has learned to read the Bible.
But teaching in the villages is slow w ork. T he pupils do not know how to
study, and few o f the teachers know how to teach. In our boarding schools
the story is different. H ere we expect the ordinary boy or man to finish the
Rom an-Urdu P rim er in a month, the Gospel o f M ark in another month, the
N ew Testam ent in a year and the whole Bible in two years, besides devoting a
proper amount o f time to w riting and arithmetic, and a fte r the first year to
reading and w riting the Persian-U rdu character.
T he Johnson M em orial T rain in g School at Lahore is the only institution in
the district. Principal, K . Massey. T h is school has com fortable quarters fo r
sixteen couples in training fo r workers, and has an attendance o f fo rty-six —
twenty-eight men, eighteen women. F our men and three women have gone
out this year to the w ork.
The Charlotte M. Bridge Memorial Hall furnished temporary accommoda
tion to the junior boys of our boarding school and the students in the training
Northwest India
49
school, and at present shelters thirty-seven boys and ten young men who are
studying in our school, besides thirteen advanced boys who have been reading in
the Government School and the Presbyterian H igh School.
R A J P U T A N A D IS T R IC T
R ajputana D istrict, form erly named A jm e r District, includes the whole province
o f Rajputana, a group o f tw enty native states, and the small British division of
Ajm er, the combined areas o f which aggregate 130,000 square miles o f territory,
or more than the combined areas o f the N ew England States and N ew Y o rk . T o
reach the extrem e outposts o f the district the superintendent has to m ake a round
trip of 700 miles. A large part of the territory is desert.
T h e latest ccnsus, taken in 1901, shows a population o f 10,125,000. T h e great
mass o f the people are Hindus, who number 8,000,000. There are 757,000 M oham
medans and 25,000 Christians.
T h e remainder belong to the aboriginal or nonH indu tribes, such as the M inas, Bhils, and Mhairs.
T h e R ajputs are the ruling
tribe, but they nowhere form a m ajority o f the population.
W hile there has been
considerable political ferm ent am ong the educated classes o f B ritish India, the
rulers and people o f R ajputana have been loyal to the British crown.
W ith the
exception o f a few high caste leaders the people are friendly tow ard missionaries,
and gladly listen to their preaching. T h e entire province is subject to periodical
famines at intervals of about seven years.
Consequently, the great mass o f the
people, who are farmers, are very poor.
Ajmer
A jm e r (population, about 86,000) is a large and important c ity in Rajputana,
being the adm inistrative headquarters o f the civil district of A jm er-M crw ara.
It
is 677 miles northeast o f Bom bay, and is an important railway center, ly in g in the
middle o f the R ajputan a-M alw a R ailw ay system. Th e city lies at the foot o f a high
hill.
It is rich in buildings o f antiquarian interest, and contains the tomb o f a
M ohammedan saint, which is visited by about 25,000 pilgrims annually. O f its popu
lation about sixty per cent are Hindus and thirty per cent Mohammedans. A jm e r is
a city o f considerable m anufacturing activity.
T h e other boards at
w ork are the U n ited Free Church o f Scotland and the Society for the Propagation
o f the Gospel.
M ission aries: Rev. Floyd C. A ld rich and Mrs. Aldrich.
Laura G. Bobenhouse and H arriet N . Mills.
In stitution s: B o y s’ Boarding School, Bible Train ing School.
W . F. M. S .:
G irls’ B oarding School, T ra in in g School.
Phalera
Phalera (population, about 1,000), one o f the most important centers o f Christian
work in Rajputana, is situated on the R ajputana-M alw a Railway, about fifty miles
northeast o f A jm er. T h e great salt lakes are near Phalera.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun about 1900, during the great
fam ine. N o other mission boards arc at work here.
M ission aries: R ev. Arth ur L. Grey and Mrs. Grey
W . F. M. S .: M isses E stella
Forsyth, E. L a vin ia Nelson, and S. Edith Randall.
In stitu tion : W . F . M. S .: Tubercular Sanitarium at Tilaunia.
F.
C. A ld r ic h ,
Superintendent
T he Rajputana D istrict is divided into eight circuits. T here are nine mis
sionaries in the district and 170 Indian workers. O f these, fifty-five are Bible
readers, principally under the direction o f Mrs. A ldrich, and thirty-seven give
voluntary service in various capacities.
W e have received through baptism 1,119 Brahmins and one Mohammedan
and his w ife. L ast year the total number o f Methodist Christians in this district
was 6,298,* and this year the Christian community totals 6,973.
Special effort has been made by our w orkers to get the printed W ord into
the hands o f intelligent non-Christian people, and this has resulted in the sale
o f 844 Gospels o r portions ,and in the free distribution o f more than 44,000
5°
[1914
tracts and leaflets. T h e great annual fair at Pushkar afforded a special oppor
tunity fo r this line o f w ork. Here, as in other places, the eagerness o f the
people to receive the message, both verbal and printed, was most encouraging.
D uring the month o f special evangelistic effort our w orkers preached to
more than 24,000 persons in 1,295 separate meetings; 282 Gospels and 15,000
tracts and books were distributed, tw elve heathen shrines were abandoned.
A total o f 459 days o f free and loving service, were given by laymen o f various
grades in the district, and this particular kind o f service contributed much
toward the success which was finally achieved. 323 persons o f all ages were
baptized during the month and seventy-nine backsliders reclaimed.
T he A jm er B o ys’ School has had an average enrollment o f about eighty
Christian boys and ten non-Christians. "Sixty are in the Orphanage Department.
T h e A jm er G irls’ School has had an enrollment o f 100.
P ro m is in g F ield s
P halera is a town peopled principally by European and Indian employees of
the Railw ay Company, and is an important railw ay junction. W e have complete
possession o f this territory as a field. A few years ago there were flourishing
boys’ and girls’ Industrial Schools here. T hree years ago the boj's’ school
was closed and the students placed in other schools; and this year the girls’
school w as dealt w ith in like manner. Though these moves occasioned no
small amount o f regret on the part o f those whose labors had been spent in
these institutions, still this seemed the only thing to do.. T he w ork o f these
schools was carried on in cheaply constructed buildings which were erected on
land leased fo r a period o f fifteen years. T his fifteen-year lease expired in 1915Both schools, on closing, seemed to have served their purpose and many Chris
tian young men and women look back to Phalera from honorable positions in
various parts o f the country— fine Christian fam ilies established in life fo r a life
w orth living. T he Rev. A . L. G rey was appointed to this station, as evangelist
fo r the district.
Pisangan represents the extrem e southwestern end o f the district and con
nects us with a great stretch o f unworked territory leading out tow ard the
Indian Ocean. H ere many thousands o f square miles lie unworked by the
Christian Church. W e this year baptized over 300 people on the borders o f this
field, and the indications are that literally thousands could be reached in this
region as the result o f properly reinforced and concentrated effort. I have care
fully canvassed these parts, and I can honestly see no reason w hy some o f the
great movements o f other parts o f our Conference could not be repeated here.
T here are now 1,3x8 Christians in this circuit, w ith an additional 200 or 300
practically ready fo r baptism. T h e Indian officials o f Pisangan are kindness
personified in their dealings w ith the Indian preacher-in-charge, and they often
call upon us when they visit that town. On the occasion o f a recent trip to that
place we held a novel Epw orth League meeting. T his convened on the ro o f o f a
w orker’s house, and, in addition to our Christian congregation, there were in
attendance a Mohammedan ju d g e ; the postmaster (a B rah m in ); a Brahm in
police officer; a Mohammedan police clerk; and the Brahm in Pandit of^Pisangan.
T ilaunia is on the mail railw ay between Phalera and A jm er and is exactly
twenty-five miles from each. O ur Tubercular Sanitarium fo r girls and women
is situated here. T h e Postal Departm ent has very kindly granted our request
fo r a post office in T ilaunia and this post office is now in full swing in one
914 ]
Northwest India
51
corner o f the railw ay station, the station master serving in the double capacity
o f station agent and postmaster. T he preacher-in-charge o f Tilaunia Circuit
lives in Rounpnagar, an old walled town with about 3,000 inhabitants.
R O O R K E E D IS T R IC T
Roorkee D istrict is situated in the U n ited Provinces, between the G anges and
the Jumna R ivers, having the H im alayas on the north and the civil district o f M eerut
on the south. It comprises two civil districts, Dehra Dun and Saharanpur, and also
parts o f M uzaffarnagar.
It is approxim ately 100 m iles from north to south and
40 miles from east to west and contains a population o f 3,000,000, 800,000 o f whom
are o f the depressed classes. Th e m ajority belong to the Cham ar (leather-workers)
caste. H ardwar, situated where the Ganges R iver emerges from the H im alayas, one
o f the sacred cities o f the Hindus, is in this district. Thousands o f H indus visit
H ardw ar to wash aw ay their sins. T w o thirds of the population are H indus and
one third Mohammedans. T h e language spoken is H industani.
Roorkee
Roorkee (population, 20,000) is the headquarters o f the tahsil o f the same name
in Saharanpur D istrict o f the U nited Provinces, and a cantonment fo r British troops.
It is on the main line o f the Oudh and Rohilkhand R ailw ay.
T h e upper G anges
Canal passes through the native town and the cantonment.
T h e most important
institution in Roorkee is the Thom asson Engineering College, said to be the best of
the kind in India.
M ethodist Episcopal mission w ork was begun in 1875. O ther m ission boards at
work here are the Society fo r the Propagation o f the Gospel, the Reform ed Presby
terians, and the M ission to Lepers in India and the East.
M ission aries: R ev. Dennis C lancy and Mrs. Clancy.
In stitution s: Bible T ra in in g School, B o ys’ B oarding School, Roorkee Leper
Asylum .
D e n n is C l a n c y , Superintendent
In this district there are 20,305 Christians, living in 523 villages and mohallas.
D uring the year we have had 1,106 baptisms, without putting special emphasis
on this part o f our work. A t our last Annual Conference M ussoorie was added
to the Roorkee District, bringing to us 378 Christians mostly from the clerical
and servant classes. A m ong these are some very fine men who are a great
help to us in our w ork. O ur workers number 132.
Evangelistic Work
T he reports that came in during our Special R evival Month w ere very
encouraging. Constant emphasis needs to be put on the evangelistic side o f our
w ork. L ast w inter a series o f small Christian M elas were held and we are
planning fo r more extensive w ork o f this kind.
English services are maintained in Roorkee and in M ussoorie. D r. P. N.
Buck, who has charge o f our English Church at Mussoorie, reports a good year.
T h e services are well attended and the finances o f the church are in a satis
factory condition. Special services under the leadership o f the Rev. John
Form an of the Am erican Presbyterian Mission were most helpful. A t Roorkee
the services have been maintained steadily throughout the year. O ur income
has been greatly reduced because the three batteries o f English artillery that
were stationed here have been sent into active service in Europe.
Self-support
This has been one o f our greatest problems. O ur people in the villages and
mohallas have not been taught to give systematically. O ur present system seems
to fail at this point. 'Until we can establish a more intimate relation between
pastor and people we cannot expect to accomplish much in this direction.
52
O ur people are mostly poor, but, at the same time, they have alw ays been ac
customed, under their old system, to give something fo r the support o f their
religious leaders and fo r their religious institutions. I f w e can get the people
to feel that the Christian Church, in their community, is really theirs, and that
they are financially responsible fo r the pastor appointed, they w ill take an inter
est in and support the church in a fa r larger degree.
A lthough there are several large Mohammedan centers in this district, and
it would be natural to suppose that there would be a good deal o f sympathy
with Turkey, their co-religionists, in this w ar, still there has been no sign o f
disloyalty to the Empire, but, on the other hand, every evidence o f the greatest
possible enthusiasm fo r the success o f the A llies’ cause, Mohammedans as well
as Hindus contributing liberally to the English W a r R elief Fund.
T he B oys’ Boarding School, or Hostel, cares fo r thirty boys. K . L. Sahae
in charge. T h e T rainin g Schools fo r W orkers at Roorkee have seven men and
six women in training.
Because o f the w ar and the consequent financial uncertainty we were not
able to hold our Sum m er School— a great loss to our workers. O ur need fo r
more schools is pressing; w e have nothing at all in Roorkee fo r girls and have
to send them to M eerut and B ijn o r where the schools are already crowded.
T he Leper Asylum , Rev. Dennis Clancy, Superintendent, has fifty inmates.
O u r M ission continues to supervise this w ork although the institution has been
taken over by the M ission to Lepers.
S O U T H IN I M A and O K N ' I ' K A I , IMtOV I NCKK
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South India
53
So u t h I n d ia Co n f e r e n c e
T h e South India Conference includes all that part o f India ly in g south o f the
B om bay and Bengal Conferences and the Central Provinces Conference. It comprises
the great M adras Presidency, a small part o f the Bom bay Presidency, nearly all
of the state of H yderabad, and the state o f M ysore.
T h e general shape of the
C onference is that o f a triangle, w ith its apex pointing southward.
W ith in its
boundaries are spoken the great D ravidian languages— T am il, Telugu , Kanarese,
M a la y a la n ; also tow ard the north, M arathi. T h e soil o f South India is proverbial
for its fertility, producing sugar cane, cotton, rice, and other products, w ith an
abundance surpassed by no other region.
T h e South India Conference was originally the Bom bay, Bengal, and M adras
M ission o f the India Conference.
It was organized as an A n n ual Conference
N ovem ber 9, 1876.
B A N G A L O R E D IS T R IC T
t
Bangalore D istrict lies in the southeastern part o f the M ysore state. T h e civil
d istrict o f the same name has an area o f 3,092 square miles and a population of
about 900,000. O f this number over 25,000 are Christians, there being in this district
more than h alf oij the Christians in the state o f M ysore. T h e m ajority o f native
Christians are Roman Catholics.
B esides the M ethodist Episcopal M ission, the other boards represented in B an
galore D istrict are the Society for the Propagation o f the Gospel, the Church of
E ngland M issionary Society, the London M issionary Society, and the E n glish W es
leyan Mission.
Bangalore
Bangalore (population, about 160,000) is the seat o f governm ent for the M ysore
state and a British m ilitary cantonment.
It is situated 3,000 feet above the sea
and enjoys a pleasant and temperate climate, which has attracted a considerable
European and Eurasian population. It is the m eeting place o f four lines of railw ay,
being 219 miles by rail from M adras and 692 m iles from Bombay. Bangalore, next
to M adras, is the largest city in South India. It is an important Rom an Catholic
cen ter; o f the 13,700 native Christians about 11,700 are Catholics.
Besides the M ethodist
Episcopal M ission, Protestant w ork is carried on by the London M issionary Society,
the Church o f E nglan d M issionary Society, and the E nglish W esleyan M ission.
M issionaries: R ev. A lv in B. C oates (on furlough) and Mrs. Coates (on
furlou gh), Rev. John W . Simmons and Mrs. Simmons, Mr. Jacob E. Trieschm ann,
Rev. John D . .H arris and Mrs. Harris.
W . F. M. S .: Misses F annie F. Fisher,
Ida G. Isham.
In stitution s: Baldwin Boys’ High School.
W. F. M. S.: Baldwin Girls’ High
School.
Bowringpet
B ow ringpet (population, 3,000) is situated in the eastern part o f the M ysore
state, on the M adras R ailw ay, about 40 miles from Bangalore, and is the junction
for K olar Tow n, situated eleven m iles distant on the B ow ringpet-K olar L igh t R ailw ay.
T h e M ethodist Episcopal M ission is the only Protestant mission here.
Kolar
K olar (population, about 10,000) is the headquarters of the civil district o f the
same name in the state o f M ysore, 42 miles east o f Bangalore. It is a place o f great
antiquity, though little of what is ancient remains.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1874. It is the m ost important
point o f the vernacular work o f the M ethodist Episcopal M ission in the district,
chiefly noted for its successful Industrial Institute.
M issionaries: Rev. K arl E . Anderson and Mrs. Anderson, R ev. W illiam H.
H ollister and Mrs. H ollister, Mr. C layton E. Gabel (on furlough) and Mrs. Gabel
(on furlou gh). W . F. M. S .: M isses M artha A . Griffin, N ellie de H. N unan, M .D .,
M argaret D . Lew is, M .D . (on furlough), Florence W. M askell (on furlou gh), Julia
E. Morrow, and U rdell Montgom ery.
In stitu tion s: B iblical T ra in in g School, Kanarese B oys’ B oarding School, Indus-
54
[1914
trial T ra in in g Institute.
W . F. M. S .: Kanarese G irls’ Orphanage and Boarding
School, Deaconess Home, W idow s’ Home, E llen Thoburn Cow en H ospital.
W . H . H ollister , Superintendent
Methodism has assumed the responsibility o f carrying the Gospel to 1,000,000
people on this district. W e are meeting this responsibility as best we can with
two missionaries and their wives, four W om an’s Foreign M issionary Society
ladies, two Indian members o f Conference and one hundred and ten employed
workers. There are 2,400 children in our eighty-six Sunday schools, and 2,432
baptized people scattered over the territory. Special effort has been directed
to the training o f converts rather than the baptism o f inquirers.
In a remarkable sense the K anarese people are a stay-at-home people.
T hey are also self-satisfied and happy according to the Indian standards.
Brahmanism has a hold o f peculiar strength. It has been wise in being less
oppressive and consequently less repellent, less hated than in some parts o f India.
Satisfaction with existing conditions on the part o f the masses is no small factor
in making it difficult to persuade them to forsake their false gods and faiths
which blight fo r a faith whose promise and radiance can be dimly seen. This
field has been accounted stony ground by all missions, but the eyes that more
carefu lly discern the leavening influence and broad bearing o f the great truths
emphasized by the Man o f Galilee see a deep current setting Christward. These
people hunger fo r release from burdens grievous to bear, better conditions and
education fo r their children, better agricultural methods, and an even chance in
the progress o f nations.
Science, art, and commerce not only clarify Christ’s message but ai^ them
selves messengers. T he railway, the telegraph, the latest processes o f extract
ing gold from these rocks about us, the bicycle, motor car, new m achinery; the
application o f science to agriculture and to the healing o f the diseases o f plants,
animals and m an; the press, schools and hospitals are pow erful factors to
aid in bringing the people to a knowledge o f Christ’s real purposes and H is
intimate relation to the new factors that have leaped into Indian life as the
result o f Christian teachings in Britain and Am erica. It is because o f a thousand
voices o f material things as well as because the Gospel has been preached and
lived among the people that we are able to baptize so many to-day. T h e morn
ing o f a new opportunity daw ns; the old environment is givin g place to a new ;
and a great hunger and insistent demand fo r something is grow in g in the
hearts o f the people. W e must define that something and press upon them
the satisfying life that can come from Christ alone.
Baldwin B oys’ H igh School— Principal, M r. J. W . Simmons. Teachers,
Mrs. J. W . Simmons, M r. J. D. H arris, M rs. H arris, J. E. Trieschniann, and
tw elve assistant teachers.
T here are 192 students, eight o f whom board at the school. T his school
and the girls’ school o f the same name are classed as European and are under
the Government code.
Baldw in G irls’ H igh School— Principal, M iss W isn er; Head M istress, Miss
Isham. T w elve teachers assisting. There are thirty-seven girls in the board
ing school department and fifty-tw o day pupils, a total of eighty-nine.
T h e action taken by the A nnual Conference in December, 1913, setting
apart all English w ork in the Conference into an English District, affected
South India
55
Bangalore D istrict more than any other in the Conference, because o f the im
portant English educational work. This w ill account fo r several important
changes in the mission staff and in the statistical tables.
T he large Boarding School and Orphanage o f the W om an’s Foreign M is
sionary Society, and the B oys’ Boarding School and Orphanage o f our Board,
all in K olar, continue to form important features o f the w ork and have led to
making K o lar the headquarters o f the district.
T he Industrial School— Principal, C. E. Gabel— ranks among the best known
in India. Its influence reaches far beyond the band o f students receiving instruc
tion in its varied activities. T he m anufacture o f plows has been a feature in
the school and last yea r’s output o f 500 failed to meet the demand. T he influ
ence o f the school is shown in the fact that nearly 500 acres o f farm land in
four different villages form an important base fo r Christian homes fo r experi
mental w ork in agriculture, and fo r self-support. Extensive orchards
o f tama
rind and other trees w ill inthe near future provide a basis fo r much o f indig
enously supported w ork.
Kanarese B o ys’ B oardin g School and Orphanage at K o lar had a success
ful year with increased attendance and a wider sphere o f usefulness.
G irls’ Boarding School and Orphanage in charge o f M iss M ontgom ery.
T he school has been crowded throughout the year. 150 in constant residence.
D ay Schools— There are twenty-two day schools in the district w ith 1,013
children from K o lar and the surrounding villages attending.
Medical Work
T he Ellen Thoburn Cowen M emorial Hospital at K olar— M argaret D.
Lewis, M .D., Physician in charge. M artha A . Griffin, Superintendent Nurse.
T w elve assistant and pupil nurses. M ore than 12,000 visits were made to this
dispensary during the j'ear.
This hospital is doing a great w ork in a place that for fifteen years has been
devastated annually by the plague. E arly in February, 1914, the girls and boys
from the orphanage had to remove into hastily constructed sheds and the schools
had to be closed. T h e hospital staff with great heroism gave itself to aiding
the suffering.
B E L G A U M D IS T R IC T
T h e .Belgaum D istrict includes about 4,000 square miles o f territory, with a
population o f 1,500,000, in the southern part of the Bom bay Presidency. Th ere are
about 10,000 villages and towns in the district.
T h e m issionary work in this region was taken over from the London M ission
ary Society in 1904, the work having been organized by that society in 1820.
Belgaum
Belgaum (population, 42,623) is situated at an elevation o f 2,500 feet and
enjoys an exceptionally mild climate.
It is on the Southern M ahratha R ailw ay.
T h e great vernaculars, M arathi and Kanarese, meet here. Lim itless scope for village
evangelism offers in this promising field.
M ission aries: R ev. D a vid O. Ernsberuer and Mrs. Ernsberger, R ev. E arl L.
K in g and M rs. K in g, R ev. Charles F. Lipp (on furlough) and Mrs. Lipp (on
furlou gh), Rev. Charles W . Scharer and Mrs. Scharer. W . F. M. S .: M iss Judith
Ericson.
In stitu tion s: B o y s’ H igh School, B oys’ A n glo-V ernacular B oarding School.
W. F. M. S.: G irls’ A n glo-V ernacular Boarding School.
D. O.
E rn sberger,
Superintendent
A sid e from institutional w ork we have on this field four foreign mission
aries, including those o f the W om an’s Foreign M issionary Society, and eighty
56
native w orkers. O ur Christians number approxim ately 6,500. T en years ago
there was on6 Christian to 7,500 non-Christians: today there is one Christian
to 235 non-Christians. D uring the year there have been 730 baptisms. W hole
villages are aw aiting our coming, but we have not entered a new village fo r more
than a year.
D uring our Evangelistic Campaign carried on through the month o f Febru
ary and one week in M arch, 246 meetings were held, three melas attended, 97
persons baptized and 1,030 Scripture portions sold. T he number o f listeners was
16,353 .
O ur Sunday schools have increased from fifty-five to fifty-nine. T he
scholars are exclusively Christian or inquirers and nearly all the 1,658 children
attending are pupils in our day schools.
Self-support
T h is department o f the w ork is receiving a good deal o f attention in the
South India Conference. O ur gain in this district fo r the item o f pastoral
support from the native Church is 24 per cent over that o f last year. Plans
are being devised fo r reaching all our village Christians and o f getting them to
contribute at least one anna (2 cents) a month per fam ily. I f this can be done,
it w ill double the amount given this year fo r pastoral support.
T he Benyon-Sm ith H igh School fo r Boys— Principal, E. L. K ing. Air.
B. B. Singh, H ead M aster. T eachin g Staff o f twenty Indian teachers. The
enrollment is 500 students, the highest since the plague in 1896. A quarterly
magazine caled the “ Indian Student R ecord” and a monthly sheet “ The Bulletin,”
are edited and published by the principal. T he O rder o f Knights o f Service
has. been introduced to systematize and carry on social service work.
T he Christian B oys’ H ostel in charge o f M rs. Ernsberger, has thirty-six
boarders o f whom twenty-one attend the high school. O f the cost o f the hostel
fo r the year Rs. 882 ($294) w ere paid by Indians.
The A nglo-V ern acular Boarding School at Sampguam and the G irls’ School
o f the same character at B ail H ongal are attended by non-Christians o f high
caste. T he girls’ school, w ith fifty-three boarders, is in charge o f M rs. E . L.
K in g and M iss Mann, and receives a grant-in-aid from the Government.
There are forty-three village schools which afford instruction fo r more than
1,400 pupils. T he enrollment at these schools is fo rty-fou r per cent above that
o f last year.
*
E N G L IS H D IS T R IC T
C. W . Ross D e
Souza,
Superintendent
T his new district is hardly a year old. Indeed it seems incongruous to refer
to age in w riting o f a policy which marked a distinctly new departure at the
last Session o f Annual Conference. W hether the policy was justified remains
yet to be seen, fo r it can hardly be regarded as more than an experiment even
at this stage.
It w ill help us to inquire what the experim ent has w rought in connection
with our English w ork in South India Conference and w hat is the outlook, for
a fte r all, the upbuilding o f our English churches must be regarded as the
objective o f such a policy. T h e year opened with many visions o f achievements
1914]
an d p ossibilities o f ad va n ce.
South India
57
S om e o f the fo r m e r rem ain y e t un realized , w h ile
som e o f th e la tte r rem ain un ach ieved .
T he district might be designated as a diocese; though its Superintendent
remains far from the office o f an Episcopos. Its territory includes parts o f
two Presidencies and two o f the leading N ative States.
There are five organized English Circuits— viz., Belgaum, Bangalore, H yder
abad, Madras, and Secunderabad. T aking them in this order we begin with
Belgaum.
Belgaum
This is largely a m ilitary station with a sprinkling o f those belonging to
civil life. E arly in the year we were able to secure the services o f the Rev.
H arcourt K in g as a supply fo r the w ork while the missionaries, fo r obvious rea
sons, maintained official relations with the Government.
Under the joint ministry o f M r. and M rs. K ing, the interests o f the English
w ork have been well cared for. A Sunday school with an average attendance o f
sixty and a Class meeting with an average attendance o f thirteen have been
steadily maintained. T he Sunday Parade and V oluntary services have been held
in the cozy little church in Cantonment and have been well attended.
But Belgaum at this time o f w riting is somewhat different from the Belgaum
at the beginning o f the year’s work. Then it was instinct with m ilitary life
and Mr. K in g’s hands were filled with a variety o f Christian activities in connec
tion with the garrison. But the war, which has impressed its existence and
progress in almost every direction, has occasioned the removal o f all but a hand
ful o f the troops and Belgaum is now almost exclusively a civil station and o f
civilians there are very few . These conditions are likely to continue till the
troops return from the front or others are sent to fill their places.
Bangalore
T he Rev. and M rs. H . Stephens have continued to win and hold the love and
esteem o f all their people. T he church in Richmond T ow n is a hive o f activ
ities. Sunday school, Class meetings, Ladies’ A id Society, etc., arc all pros
pering.
A gracious revival was w rought under the ministry o f the Rev. W . E.
Bancroft, o f Bombay, during the month o f September, one o f the net results
o f the evangelistic services being an addition o f seven members to the church.
T he Pastor o f Richmond Tow n also supplies, or helps to supply, the church in
St. John’s Hill. T he church in Richmond T ow n finds support fo r a flourishing
branch o f vernacular work, and naturally rejoices over the prosperity o f the
A nglo-V ern acular School in Blackpully, fo r the maintenance o f w hich it fu r
nishes the larger share o f the required fu n d s ; at the same time furnishing a
concrete instance o f the practical interest felt and taken in the vernacular sec
tion o f the w ork o f our English churches in South India Conference. A n
extract from the Government Inspector’s latest report reads th u s : “A n enhance
ment o f grant by 25 per cent, o f the allotment is recommended fo r the general
satisfactory condition o f the school.”
In addition to Evangelistic w ork carried on by the churches, w e have here
two educational institutions known as the Baldw in H igh Schools fo r boys and
girls. These constitute our centers o f learning in South India Conference and
naturally cater to a large section o f the A nglo-Indian Community. T h e schools
may well boast o f their respective buildings, which are well situated and adm ir
ably adapted to the w ork fo r which they exist— many an Anglo-Indian parent,
boy and girl has reason to be gratefu l fo r these schools.
Hyderabad
The English church here, located in the capital o f India’s Prem ier Native
State, might in some senses claim to be the Prem ier English church in South
India Methodism. Pastor H ilm er and his w ife have put in a year o f hard work.
T hey have won all hearts by their genial w ays and Christian sympathy. T he
various organizations within the church report progress.
T he organizations referred to are the Sunday school, Epw orth League,
Ladies’ A id Societies, M ethodist Brotherhood and the like. T his I believe is the
onljr church in the district which has thrown the brothers into a wholesome
rivalry with the sisters in the prosecution o f some form s o f Christian work.
This charge also has had the unique but not unenvied distinction o f having its
League and Ladies’ A id Society practically and directly engaged in social service.
A n outstanding feature o f our church w ork in Hyderabad is the mainte
nance o f a H om e fo r Anglo-Indian boys. T his institution has nine inmates at
present and others are seeking admission. T he Hom e needs a material home o f
its own, rather than hired premises and the Committee is hoping, other things
being equal, to make a beginning in this connection with the N ew Y ear.
Madras
T he w ork o f the past year, under the ministry o f the Superintendent,
the Rev. Ross de Souza, has resulted in grow th and encouragement. H ere
we have fo u r preaching appointments each Sunday— appointments that are cared
fo r most heartily by the pastor’s able band o f local preachers and exhorters.
M adras is one o f the points where some o f our visions yet remain unrealized,
but with the cooperation o f such live organizations as the Ladies’ A id and the
Social Service Missions it is hoped to have these visions materialized next year.
T he outstanding*feature o f our church activities has to do with slum w ork and
this is to be undertaken more extensively as soon as we secure our w orkers
who w ill specially attend to this department o f Christian w ork.
A survey o f the w ork in other circuits would seem to indicate some fe a
tures pechliar to each circuit. Thus, Belgaum , with its almost exclusively m il
itary conditions; Bangalore with its deep-seated and practical interest in some
branch o f vernacular w o rk ; Hyderabad with its devotion and practical “first
aid” in the direction o f social service; M adras has had the honor o f receiving
into the church by transfer and from probation more than all the other circuits
combined. I f M adras has seemed less active in practical form s o f service,
there has been a good reason fo r i t M adras has been steadily mobilizing with
the specific purpose and prospect o f having resources available from the begin
ning o f the N ew Y e a r fo r w ork o f a kind that such a field as M adras offers.
Secunderabad—
last, but not least— has had a quietly prosperous year. T he Rev. and Mrs.
T insdale have, in spite o f some discouragements and personal inconvenience,
cared fo r all departments o f the w ork. A n interesting class meeting, a flourish
in g and enthusiastic Sunday school and Evangelistic services each week have
kept alive our English M ethodist interests in little Secunderabad, w here our
people have been faithful to their obligations. T he year’s work, represented by
1914]
South India
59
the quarterly visits to each church, has involved travel that has covered 6,211
miles.
T he churches are getting more into line with the policy o f self-support—
more vitally interested in social service— more keenly alive to doing something
practical and permanent in the w ay o f reaching and liftin g up the submerged
sections o f the community and with all this their interest in V ernacular mis
sions has not abated. Each church on the district, I believe, has met all its
obligations in respect o f ministerial support and benevolent collections, and in
some instances exceed the regular apportionment fo r education.
District Conference
O ur first D istrict Conference was held in Madras, from 28th to 30th October.
W e w ere greatly helped and honored in having Bishop Robinson with us in
all the sessions. H is wise counsel and cheering w ords were an inspiration.
M adras was selected as the place fo r our first Conference, because the larger
number o f our w orkers reside in that city and could not be expected to leave
their w ork to attend a Conference outside o f M adras. Notwithstanding some
disabilities in the form o f inclement weather, an epidemic o f disease, and expense
and inconvenience incident to distant travel, we were honored with the presence
o f members who came from Bangalore, Hyderabad, and Secunderabad. The
Conference w ith its w ork and program was unquestionably an education and
revelation to all who attended.
W h at is our policy, and what is the outlook? Such questions suggest cer
tain concrete answers.
1. O ur policy is to bring each church in this district up to the standard o f
self-support in the near future and so release the M issionary Society’s grants
as to have them applied to purely Vernacular M ission work.
2. T o carry the Gospel by means o f Colporteur Evangelists to Anglo-Indian
families resident in railw ay centers and on railway lines that fell within the
bounds o f this district.
3. T o reach the inhabitants o f the slums, especially in cities like Madras,
and fo r this purpose it is our plan to employ deaconesses whose support shall
be found on the field.
4. T o gather the disadvantaged children o f the slums and place them in
environments and under influences that shall transform their character and give
them a chance in life. T o this end we have established a Hom e fo r A nglo-Indian
boys o f this class located fo r the present in Hyderabad, and though it is a day
o f small things with the Hom e today, we are assured that with the cooperation
o f our English churches who are beginning to feel their obligations in this
respect, this Hom e w ill prove an inestimable boon and permanent blessing to the
children o f the slums.
F o r all this the English churches o f our English D istrict need education
and inspiration. T he prospect o f realization may be as a cloud no bigger than
a man’s hand at present, but that, cloud we are assured is big with mercy and
w ill break with blessings on our field.
H Y D E R A B A D D IS T R IC T
H yderabad D istrict includes a number o f centers in the civil state o f the same
name. T h e territory covered includes 7,000 villages, and has a population o f about
2,000,000, MvjQh p f the land is level and a large portion is under cultivation.
Of
6o
v
[1914
the entire population o f the state o f H yderabad, w hich is about 12,000,000, fortysix per cent speak T elugu and tw en ty-six per cent M arathi. T h e ruler o f the state,
the N izam , is a Mohammedan.
W h ile only ten per cent o f the population are
M ohammedan, the large m ajority of the students in the college, and about half
o f those in the lower schools, arc o f that faith.
Hyderabad
H yderabad (population, over 400,000) is the fourth c ity in India in size and one
o f the oldest. It is the capital o f the H yderabad state, and the seat o f the N izam ,
who is the most pow erful M oham m edan ruler excepting the Sultan o f Turkey.
H yderabad is situated on the M usi R iver, a tributary o f the K istna. It is a city of
m any races, including Indians, Persians, Arabs, A frican s, and several others. T h e
great mass o f the people are H indus of several nationalities and speaking m any
languages, chiefly T elugu , H industani, Kanarese, and M arathi.
T h e city is an
educational center, h avin g three colleges and numerous schools. It has several public
buildings and a number o f prominent mosques.
Th e Church M issionary Society, the English W esleyans, and the M ennonites
have missions here, as well as the M ethodist Episcopal Church.
M ission aries: Rev. H en ry F. H ilm er and Mrs. Hilm er, R ev. M arcellus D . Ross
and Mrs. Ross. W . F . M . S . : M isses A lice A . Evans, N ellie Low , M argaret M organ,
and Catherine A . W ood.
In stitu tion s: W illiam T a y lo r B ible Institute, A n glo -In d ian B oys’ Home. W . F.
M. S . : E lizabeth K . Stan ley G irls’ B oardin g School.
Secunderabad
Secunderabad (population, 84,000) is a B ritish cantonm ent in the state of
H yderabad and a suburb o f H yderabad city. It is one o f the largest m ilitary stations
in India.
T h e A m erican Baptist
F oreign M ission Society, the E nglish W esleyan M issionary Society, and the Society
fo r the Propagation o f the Gospel are represented here.
M ission aries: R ev. M atthew T ind ale (retired) and Mrs. T ind ale (retired).
R A IC H U R D I S T R IC T
R aichur D istrict includes a territory of about 14,000 square m iles and a popu
lation o f approxim ately 2,000,000, in the southwest extrem ity of the state o f H yd era
bad.
T h e governm ent is, o f course, Moham m edan, but nine tenths o f the people
are H indus. Kanarese and T elu gu are the chief languages spoken. O ur work wras
begun here in 1885, in virgin soil. N o other Protestant m ission is at w ork in any
part o f the district.
Raichur
Raichur (population, 30,000) is the headquarters o f a civil district in the
Gulbarga division o f the same name, which lies between the Tungabhadra and
K rishna R ivers.
T h e city is a strong com m ercial center, 444 m iles southeast from Bom bay on
the railroad leadin g to M adras, w hich is distant 350 miles toward the southeast.
M ission aries: Rev. A lb ert E . C ook (on furlough) and Mrs. Cook (on furlough),
R ev. D a yid P. H otton and Mrs. Hotton.
In stitu tion s: B o y s’ B oardin g School at Anandapur, G irls’ B oardin g School at
Raichur.
J. B. B u t t r ic k , Superintendent
Hyderabad and Raichur D istricts are distinct and separate, both linguis
tically and territorially. A bout the only outw ard feature common to both is
that the territory o f each is part o f the Dominions o f H is H ighness the Nizam .
Gulbarga, form erly a part o f the Raichur D istrict, has been transferred to the
Vikarabad D istrict. So also has Bidar.
Evangelistic work, embracing both aggressive evangelism and the pastoral
gare o f souls, is vigorously carried on as the most important phase o f w ork
South India
throughout both districts. On the entire field there is reported a Christian
community o f 12,874 souls, being a gain o f 1,019 during the year. O ur sta
tistics report 4,000 baptized children. There is no reason why the Christian com
munity should remain stationary as to numbers. T w elve thousand is a very
small part o f the two millions and more o f people living on these districts. A
characteristic o f both districts is that because o f lack o f support fo r w orkers
not all are being baptized who are w illing to be baptized and recognized as
Christians.
Hyderabad D istrict is comparatively small and compact. T he headquarters
is the capital city o f Hyderabad, with its busy life, and its appealing multitudes
o f needy souls. It claims our sympathy, and calls fo r devoted service to a
larger extent than we arc yet rendering as a mission. H ere are our institutions
for Biblical students and a school fo r girls. Both institutions are housed in
substantial and serviceable buildings. Here also are gathered T elu gu and H in
dustani congregations, but neither o f them has a church home o f its own. A
strong Institutional Church, fo r the worship o f Telugu and Hindustani com
munities, would furnish a base fo r many form s o f gracious and practical min
istries.
Raichur D istrict is still in urgent need o f a Training Institute. It is a sore
lack in this big Kanarese field. Pending its supply the preachers in charge must
be responsible fo r the training o f workers.
W hile the need o f w orkers is being supplied their support becomes a press
ing question. There is an advance this year on each district in the amount
raised by the Indian people themselves fo r the support o f their preachers and
pastors, the amounts being on Hyderabad D istrict Rs. 1,517 and on Raichur
District Rs. 915. This is cheering and gives cause fo r gratitude.
New Home for Boys
A n outstanding feature o f our church w ork in Hyderabad is the mainten
ance o f a home fo r A nglo-Indian boys o f the slums. This institution has nine
inmates at present and many are seeking admision. The home needs a building
o f its own, rather than hired premises and the
Committee is hoping to make
a beginning in this connection early in the new year. W e are assured that with
the cooperation o f our English churches who are beginning to feel their obliga
tions in respect to this work, this Home w ill prove a blessing to many children.
T he W illiam T aylo r Bible Training School— Principal, M. D. R oss; Board
o f Governors, Bishop J. E. Robinson, W . H . H ollister, C. E. Parker, M. D.
Ross, Kondru Am bayya, Miss C. A . W ood, Miss M. Simonds.
This institution is the only one o f its kind on the district and ministers to
the needs o f the T elu gu field. A similar school fo r the Kanarese youth is
urgently needed.
Dabirpura School is a boys’ school situated‘ in the heart o f H yderabad City.
Principal, A . M. Plowm an. Enrollment, fifty students.
A ll the other educational institutions on these districts are village schools o f
prim ary grade. O f such there are fifty-nine with an enrollment o f nearly 900.
Medical Work
T h ere is no medical w ork on these two districts, but the need fo r it is deeply
felt. On the Raichur District the authorities at Kepbal, in the southwestern
corner o f this state, have been fo r some years asking the mission to open medical
62
[1914
w ork there and have given assurance o f substantial help in land and funds.
A ll classes would welcome the Christian physician in this part o f our field. On
the Hyderabad D istrict at Yelandu, medical w ork has been projected but it has
not yet materialized.
M A D R A S D IS T R IC T
M adras D istrict comprises the city o f M adras, with its population o f over
500,000, and a chain o f about th irty villages lyin g southwest and north o f the city,
together with a large unevangelized territory in the neighborhood o f Pondicherry,
a c ity about 150 m iles south o f M adras, and a new ly organized circuit in Tuticorin,
the farthest southern point reached by the M ethodist Episcopal Church. T h e district
is w ithin the M adras Presidency, which covers an area o f 151,195 square miles, and
has a population o f 42,397,522, about h a lf the population o f the U n ited States.
Madras
M adras (population, 509,346) is the capital o f the M adras Presidency Lnd the
third c ity in In d ia in size and in political and com m ercial importance.
T h e city
is built on the shore o f the B a y o f Bengal, on a strip o f land nine miles long and
from two to four m iles wide, h avin g an area o f tw en ty-seven square miles. Three
different railw ays connect it w ith H yderabad, Calcutta, and interm ediate stations on
the n o r th ; Poona, Bom bay, and interm ediate stations on the w e s t ; and Madura,
T in n eveliy, Tuticorin , and interm ediate stations on the south. M adras has a lu ral
appearance by reason o f numerous parks and groves.
T h e city has handsome
thoroughfares and more than usually attractive public buildings. M adras has several
important industries, and is fifth am ong the ports o f India in the value o f her trade,
and fourth in tonnage. T h e city is an educational center, h avin g besides a university
ten art colleges, three professional colleges, and numerous secondary and prim ary
schools. Tam il is spoken by fifty-eight per cent o f the people, T elu gu by twenty-three
per cent, and H industani by a large portion o f the remainder. T h e oldest Protestant
place o f worship in M adras dates from the ye a r 1680.
M ethodist Episcopal mission w ork began in 1874. O th er boards at w ork 'ire the
Society for the Prppagation o f the Gospel, the Church o f England M issionary Society,
the Church o f Scotland, the English W esleyan M issionary Society, the London M is
sionary Society, the A m erican Baptist F oreign M ission Society, the British and
Foreign U n itaria n A ssociation, the Danish M issionary Society, the E van gelical
Lutheran M ission at L eipzig, and the U n ited Free Church o f Scotland.
M ission aries: Mr. C lark N . Bateman and Mrs. Batem an, R ev. W illiam L . K in g
and Mrs. K in g, R ev. James J. Kingham (on furlough) and Mrs. Kingham (on
furlough) R ev. A lb ert E. O g g (on furlough) and Mrs. O g g (on furlough), Rev. C. W.
Ross de Souza and Mrs. Ross de Souza. W . F. M. S . : M isses Grace Stephens and
K . E vely n T oll.
In stitu tion s: M ethodist Publishin g House, Tam il B o ys’ Orphanage. W . F. M. S .:
Deaconess Home, Skidm ore M em orial G irls’ Orphanage and School.
W . L.
K
in g .,
Superintendent
T he year under review has witnessed growth that evidences life and activity.
T h e points o f needed accentuation were not difficult to determine and from the
first o f the year they have had very special emphasis. Those points have been
three— the development o f the spiritual life o f the Christian p eople; the evangel
ization o f the masses o f the un saved; and the self-support o f the Indian church.
H o w much has really been accomplished along each line it is hard to say but we
are confident the effort put forth has not been fruitless.
D uring our special evangelistic campaign there were 200 persons baptized
and 1,050 more who were ready but whom we could not receive because we had
no one to care fo r them. O ur Christian community has advanced from 3,220
to 3,671. O ur Sunday schools now number seventy as against fifty-fo u r last
yea r and the attendance has increased from 1,824 to 2,209.
A great problem with us the past year has been the financial support o f the
w ork. Special G ifts have fallen off to an embarrassing degree and all we have
South India
63
had to take their place is the meager advance in the aggregate o f local contri
butions. H o w to bridge the gu lf thus created is not yet clear. A little in this
direction has been accomplished by dismissing a few w orkers. A very definite
effort was made to reduce the expense in the B oys’ Boarding School by sending
aw ay the boys who had homes to go to. T he result is an increase o f fees that
means a considerable though temporary relief.
In the matter o f self-support a creditable advance has been made. In four
circuits out o f six the entire w orking force contribute one tenth o f their income
to the cause.
T he Methodist Publishing House, W . L . King, Agent. T he official year
closing June 30, 1914, was one in which larger financial obligations than pre
viously were assumed and successfully borne. T he amount o f religious litera
ture printed exceeded the high record o f the year before. T he account stands
th u s :
C opies
Periodical L iterature.
Books ..........................
T racts ..........................
Bible P o rtion s............
S. S. T eachers’ Notes
P ages
98,000 1,347,400
23,500 4,199,100
1,092,000 4,404,000
55,000 2,920,000
87,600 1,488,000
1,356,100 14,358,500
In addition to the above we have printed 130,000 Bible Booklets, sixteen
pages each, m aking a grand total o f 1,486,100 copies. W e have also issued 35,200
Sunday School Tickets, o f which no account is made in this statement, and 3,000
picture sheets, in size 22^4 x 17^2 inches containing a half-tone cut 7 x 7 inches
and printed in three Vernaculars o f South India.
A part from our publication o f Tracts, Bible Booklets and Sunday School
literature we have printed 543,000 handbills, m aking 4,192,000 pages and fo r the
Bible Society 50,000 copies o f St. M ark’s Gospel and 5,000 copies o f Isaiah.
T racts and books as well as papers and magazines have been printed for va ri
ous private parties, churches and societies.
A part from the girls’ middle school o f the W om an’s Foreign M issionary
Society, our school w ork in Madras is confined to the primary grades. O f these
prim ary schools ten are under the W om an’s Board and are located in Madras
and nearby villages.
In the southern end o f the district we have twenty schools fo r the boys
o f our Christian community. Each school touches directly twenty fam ilies and
indirectly about forty.
N ew School. In A ugust we started a new school in one o f our neediest
slum sections o f M adras, as a branch o f social service w ork in connection with
V epery church. T he school is supported by local contributions and the children
are A nglo-Indians o f the very poorest class. Lunch is served free to the pupils.
V IK A R A B A D D I S T R IC T
The V ikarabad D istrict comprises the form er Vikarabad and B idar C ircuits of
the H yderabad D istrict.
T h is new district embraces a territory of 16,500 square
miles, with a population o f 1,650,000 livin g in its 6,150 villages.
64
[1914
W hen established as a district it w as divided into nine circuits with a Chris
tian com munity o f 9,323, and work being carried on in the T elu gu and Kanarese
languages.
Vikarabad
Vikarabad is a tow n in the state o f H yderabad, situated about 50 miles due
w est of Secunderabad. N o t o f great im portance in itself, it has become the head
quarters o f a ve ry important M ethodist Episcopal mission work.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1890. N o other mission boards
are represented here.
M ission aries: Rev. W alter L. M organ and Mrs. Morgan,. R ev. C. E dw ard Parker
and Mrs. Parker, O sw ald G. T aylo r, M«.D., and Mrs. T aylo r. W . F. M. S . : M isses
E dn a C. Brewer, M ildred Sim onds, Gertrude M. V o igtlan der (on furlough), and
E lizabeth J. W ells (on furlough).
In stitution s: J. L. Craw ford B o y s’ B oarding School, Huldah A. C raw ford
M emorial H ospital. W . F. M. S . : M ary A . K notts G irls’ Boarding School.
Bidar
B idar (population, 12,000) is the headquarters o f the B id ar civil district o f the
state o f V ikarabad.
It is situated on an elevated and healthy plateau, 2,330 feet
above sea level, and is surrounded by thousands o f villages.
Bidar was a place
o f considerable importance in its prosperous days, as is evidenced by its palaces,
mosques, and other buildings.
It is the chief trade center of the district and has
given its name to a class of metal work.
N o other m ission save
the M ethodist Episcopal is at work here.
M issionaries: R ev. H ugh H. Linn, M .D., and Mrs. Linn, Rev. C ecil L. Camp
and Mrs. Camp. W . F. M. S . : M isses E lizabeth M. Biehl and N orm a H. Fenderich
(on furlough).
In stitution s: B o y s’ B oardin g School, H ospital, and D ispensary.
W . F M. S .:
G irls’ Boarding School.
Gulbarga
Gulbarga (population, 30,000) was, hundreds o f years ago, a Mohammedan
capital o f great importance. It is now the capital city o f a division o f the Vikarabad
state.
It is a great trade center and a sacred place o f pilgrim age am ong the
Moham m edans.
It is 353 miles southeast from Bombay.
M ission aries: R ev. John B. B uttrick and Mrs. Buttrick, Rev. Joseph H. Garden
and Mrs. Garden.
In stitu tio n : T ra in in g School for Pastor-Teach ers in Gulbarga.
C. E.
P
arker,
Superintendent
T h e uniting o f the G ulbarga Circuit with this district has increased its area
by 6,000 square miles and population by 750,000. Plague and cholera have raged,
carrying off 347 o f our Christians.
T he evangelistic w ork o f the district is divided into two sections according
to language area— Bidar, Hominabad, and Gulbarga form the Kanarese section
and the other circuits form the T elugu section.
Dr. and M rs. Linn, in addition to their medical work, have given much time
to evangelism. T hey report 103 baptisms in the Kanarese country. Rev. H eta
Singh reports sixty-one baptisms in the Hominabad Circuit, which means a
good year fo r that place.
There are 200 Sunday schools, an increase o f forty-nine, with an attend
ance o f 4,357» an increase o f 1,609. T h e organization o f the Home Department,
has meant an increase in attendance, the establishing o f fam ily prayers in many
homes, and the giving o f the W ord o f God to hundreds o f Christians who
would not otherwise have had it. 1,368 o f the above number are recorded in
this department. T h e Sunday school collections fo r the year amounted to Rs.
222. Recently, under the direction o f Mrs. Parker, the Vikarabad Sunday
South India
65
school held a T hank O ffering service in which Rs. 100 w ere received. E very
w orker and Bible woman is expected to teach a Sunday school and a day or
night school. Miss Simonds is General Superintendent o f the Si^nday schools
and day schools fo r the district.
The Bidar B oys’ School. This has been in charge o f M rs. Linn. One
young man has gone home and is teaching a village school there. A nother has
been sent to the J. L. C raw ford Boys’ School fo r higher education.
T he J. L. C raw ford B oys’ School fo r T elugu Boys. Rev. W . L . M organ is
principal. D uring the year, three boys from this school have entered the
Evangelistic work, two others the Medical and two are teaching.
The Charles B. Cook Memorial Teachers’ Home. T his is the g ift o f Mr.
John E. Cook in memory o f his son, Dr. Charles B. Cook, and is now being
built. W hen completed it w ill add much to the efficiency o f the school.
D ay Schools. W e have 114 day and night schools, an increase o f thirty,
with an attendance o f 1,280, an increase o f 337. T he value o f these schools
cannot be overestimated. W e are trying to put them on a basis where they
can care for the primary w ork now done in our boarding schools.
T he D istrict T rainin g School for W orkers, in charge o f Rev. J. H . Garden
in Gulbarga, continues to train village men fo r the work.
In Vikarabad, a class has been opened in charge o f Mrs. Parker fo r the
training o f village men who are too old fo r the boarding school, but who want
to do God’s work. Only village men and women are received and no one is
allowed to stay more than three months at a time. I f he learns to read the
Bible he is sent into the work. Rev. George O. Holbrooke, has given us the
money fo r a home fo r this work. It is to be called the “ Charlotte M aurice
M emorial Training Home fo r V illage Men and W om en W orkers.” One class has
already been sent out which is doing good work.
Medical Work
It was our privilege this year to welcome to Vikarabad and to the H uldah
A . C raw ford Hospital, Dr. and M rs. O. G. T aylor. Mrs. T aylo r being a
trained nurse, practically gives us two medical missionaries instead o f one. B y
the 31st o f October, they treated 6,396 patients.
In the Bidar Hospital, in charge o f D r. and Mrs. Linn, eighty-six in
patients have been received, 5,766 out-patients treated at the dispensaries, and
Rs. 701 collected in fees and donations. A new dispensa-y has been opened in
Hominabad where 1,405 o f the above number were treated.
Great Ingathering Among the Telugus
In the T elugu section, the evangelistic flame continues. 3,437 have been bap
tized, making a total fo r the whole district o f 3,822. This still leaves a waiting
list o f 3,816, many b f whom already call themselves Christians. Oh, how my
heart aches that I cannot get to these people to receive them. T he intense long
ing among them was expressed very forcibly in a letter received a few months
ago fr6m Rev. T . Jacob, o f the T andur Circuit. It read as fo llo w s:
“ O ur Christian community today numbers 17,995» an increase o f 3,577. 358
have been received into full connection with the Church, during the year. E very
preacher’s w ork is now estimated not by his number o f baptisms but by the
66
number brought into fu ll connection with the Church. T he adult Christians are
divided into classes o f twenty and a village leader is appointed over them.”
Work Among Women
On the district there are 7,841 Christian women and girls. These are under
the care o f Miss Biehl with her band o f w orkers on the B idar side, M rs. Garden
and her w orkers on the Gulbarga Circuit, and M iss Simonds and her w orkers
on the Vikarabad side. T o give the w ork among the women more prominence,
and to bring the village women into closer touch with the Church, we have
planned Q uarterly Conferences among the women, to be held at the same time
and place as the Q uarterly Conference fo r the men. These Q uarterly C on fer
ences w ill be conducted by the ladies in charge o f the women’s work.
Self-support
T he total amount raised on the district during the past year, was Rs. 6,378,
an increase o f Rs. 1,150 over last year. L eavin g out the g ifts o f missionaries
and the amount collected in hospital fees, there still remains to the credit o f the
Indian church Rs. 3,673. O f this amount, Rs. 970 were given in T hank O ffering
services.
Attitude of Nizam’s Government
The D istrict Conference held at Gulbarga was presided over by Bishop *J. E.
Robinson. T he officials o f H is H ighness the N izam 's Government w ere most
kind in lending tents and necessary furniture to accommodate those in attend
ance.
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CHURCH
BENGAL
AND
BURMA
P la ce s w h ere M ethodist E p iscop al
M issionaries reside are underlined
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Bengal
67
B e n g a l Co n f e r e n c e
Th e B engal Conference includes the province o f Bengal, w hich is the largest
and most populous province in the Indian Empire, containing 84,728 square m iles
and a population o f 90,000,000. T h e Conference was organized in January, 1888,
mission work h avin g been commenced in 1873.
In February, 1893, Burm a was
united with the B engal Conference to form the Bengal-Burm a Conference.
In
accordance with an enabling act passed by' the General Conference o f 1900, the
Burma D istrict was organized into the Burma Mission Conference by Bishop W arne
in February,' 1901.
A S A N S O L D IS T R IC T
Asansol is in Burdw an District, but the mission work runs into M anbhum,
Bankura, Birbhum D istricts and a tract of country peopled by an aboriginal tribe
called Santals.
Asansol
Asansol is the headquarters o f the civil subdivision o f the same name, and is
situated on the E ast Indian R ailw ay, 132 miles from Calcutta.
It is an important
railw ay junction and one o f the chief centers of the coal industry.
T h e native
population is about 15,000 and there is a European community of 3,000, all employees
o f the R ailw ay Com pany. T h e languages used are E nglish, Bengali, Hindustani, and
Santali. M an y large villages surround this place.
Th e E nglish work of the M ethodist Episcopal Church was begun in 1883 ; the
native work in 1888.
M issionaries: R ev. W illiam P. Byers and Mrs. Byers.
W . F. M. S. r M isses
Rachel C. C arr and Eugenia Norberg (on furlough).
In stitu tion s: B o y s’ Boarding Schocl, Leper Asylum . W. F. M. S .: G irls’ Board
ing School, W idow s’ Home.
W . P.
B
yers,
Superintendent
W e have not seen any great movement, but we believe the time is coming
nearer when we shall reap a great harvest from all the sowing o f the .years.
T here have been eighty-four baptisms and many inquirers are w aiting to be
baptized. O ur people are surely grow ing in knowledge and grace— they are
much improved in appearance. W e now have Christians living in thirty villages
and three new local preachers and three exhorters.
Our A sansol Camp Convention met fo r the second time during October on
our compound, and was much better attended than the first. T h e Convention
will now be placed on a permanent basis and representatives o f other missions
will be invited to act on the Executive Committee.
The Leper Asylum
The inmates o f the A sylum were transferred to Ronigunge in
1914. T he last Sunday o f their stay with us came on the 9th o f the
we had arranged fo r the communion— the church was crowded. W e
unfortunate people who have been our special charge fo r twenty-tw o
November,
month and
miss these
years.
Self-support
Our property is also increasing from year to year. A town lot adjoining
the mission compound has been given by an old member o f the English congre
gation fo r the use o f the mission. A plot, close to the railw ay station in
M urulia village, on the Bengal and N agpur railw ay is offered to us by the aged
owners as a g ift for the mission. T hey were baptized onlj- two years ago.
68
[1914
A nother is offering us five acres in a village sixteen miles from Asansol.
H ere we already have four fam ilies o f Christians. T his w ill give us a village
chapel that can be used as a school, as the houses are a good size.
Our people have taken up cheerfully the problem o f self-support, and are
endeavoring to do as much to help themselves as possible.
Educational
Plans and specifications fo r a new school and dormitories have been ap
proved by the D irector o f Public Instruction for Bengal and an application for
a grant has been made to the Government.
T h e boys have made excellent progress in their studies. A choir has been
organized, a new organ purchased and is played by one o f the older boys.
T w o o f our boys are studying in the H igh School at- Calcutta, preparing
fo r the m inistry; three are teachers in our Boarding School and four are local
preachers, shortly to become ordained members o f Conference.
C A L C U T T A D IS T R IC T
Calcutta D istrict includes the M ethodist Episcopal mission w ork am ong the
European, Bengali, and H industani people in Calcutta, D arjeelin g, and Tam luk.
Calcutta
Calcutta (population, 1,100,000) was until December, 19 11, the capital o f British
India. It is the principal port in A sia. It is situated on the east bank o f the H oogly
R iver, one o f the m any mouths o f the Ganges, about ninety miles from the B ay of
Bengal.
E xten sive docks, dockyards, and shops o f various kinds lie in or near
the city, while ju te and cotton mills stud the river banks for over forty miles.
Calcutta is a fine city, w ith im posing governm ent buildings, courthouses, business
blocks, residences, churches, and clubs.
F acin g the commons is one o f the famous
streets o f the world; given up alm ost entirely to hotels, clubs, and handsome shops.
T h e streets, except in a lim ited portion o f the native section, are wide, w ell-paved,
and clean.
C alcutta has a large im m igrant pop u latio n ; no less than fifty-seven
different languages are spoken.
O f the population, sixty-five per cent are Hindus,
twenty-nine per cent M ohammedans, and about four per cent Christians.
O ther M ission Boards
at work here are the Church M issionary Society, the O x fo rd M ission, the English
B aptist M ission, the London M issionary Society, the W esleyan M ethodist Mission,
and the m issions of the Established and Free Churches o f Scotland, the W om en ’s
U nion M issionary Society o f A m erica, the Christian W om an’s Board o f Missions,
General M issionary Board o f the Pentecostal Church o f the N azarene, the Seventh
D a y Adventists, the Society fo r the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts.
M ission aries: R ev. John B york and Mrs. Byork, M iss A ugu sta M. Geisenhener
(contract), R ev. C. H . S. Koch (on furlough), and M rs. K och (on furlough), Rev.
D avid H . Lee (on furlough) and Mrs. Lee (on furlough), R ev. D avid H. M anley
and Mrs. M anley, Charles D. Plan k (contract) and Mrs. Plan k (contract), Rev.
H om er E. W ark and Mrs, W ark, R ev. C. H. A rchibald, Rev. P. A . Goold and Mrs.
Goold, R ev. G ottlieb Schaenzlin and Mrs. Schaenzlin, R ev. Ph ilo M. B uck and Mrs.
Buck. W . F . M . S . : M isses F an n y A . Bennett, A v a F. Hunt, Elizabeth M axey, and
D a isy D . W ood.
In stitu tion s: T h e Collins Institute and B ible T ra in in g School (B en ga li), Calcutta
B oys’ School and Orphanage (E n g lish ), Industrial H om e for M en, Lee M em orial
Bengali M ission. W . F. M. S .: G irls’ H igh School (E n glish ), A n glo-Ind ian G irls’
Orphanage, D eaconess Home, Kidderpore Tem perance Home, and Seam en’s M ission
(E n glish ).
Darjeeling
D a rjeelin g (population, 17,000) is the headquarters of the civil district o f the
same name, situated in the lower H im alayas, in the northernmost part o f Bengal,
379 miles by rail from Calcutta.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1878. Other M ission Boards at
work here are those o f the Church o f Scotland.
Bengal
1914]
69
M issionaries: Rev. G. S. Henderson. W . F. M. S .: M isses Bertha Creek (on
furlough), Emm a L. Knowles, C. Josephine Stahl, and L ois Rockey.
In stitu tion s: W . F. M. S . : Queen’s H ill School.
Tamluk
Th e town o f Tam luk is the headquarters o f the subdivision of the same name
in the Midnapore D istrict, Province o f Bengal. It is situated on the west bank of
the Rupnarayan R iver, about fifty miles southwest o f Calcutta. T h e population in
1901 was 8,085, compared with only 5,849 in 1872.
Tam luk figures as a place of
great antiquity in the sacred w ritings o f the Hindus, being the capital o f an ancient
kingdom known as Tam ralipta. Tam luk is surrounded by a very fertile and populous
tract which produces rich crops o f rice. Th is is the only town o f any considerable
size in the subdivision; but there are 1,578 villages. Ours is the only mission w ork
ing in the subdivision.
M issionary: W . F. M. S .: M iss K ate A . Blair.
C A L C U T T A E N G L IS H D IS T R IC T
H omer E. W a r k , Superintendent
C A L C U T T A V E R N A C U L A R D IS T R IC T
D. H . M a n l e y , Superintendent
Encouraging Progress
F or several years our policy has been not to try to expand the w ork, but
rather to consolidate what had already been established. H ow ever, we are
happy to report that our churches have materially increased in membership
and gained strength in the community. A few baptisms from am ong nonChristians have occurred. T h e most notable thing that should be mentioned—
and certainly it is a most helpful sign fo r the future— is the large gain in selfsupport in practically all o f the charges. T h e fact that the native membership
is learning to do its share in pastoral support will greatly help the mission and
is developing a spirit o f strength and spontaneity among the churches. T h e
people are poor; still, when they get away from the idea that everything must be
done by the mission, they are able to do much more thavi form erly.
Housing Bolpur
A n interesting enterprise completed this year was the building o f a row o f
five tenement quarters at H ati Bagan on the East Calcutta Circuit. These houses
were built to provide suitable and cheap living quarters fo r Christian families.
T he building material used is brick, and the rooms are convenient afid com fort
able. T he housing problem is a very difficult one fo r our Christians. Rents
are very high, and our Christian fam ilies are mixed up with non-Christians. B y
providing these tenement houses we have near the church under helpful sur
roundings a nucleus o f a Christian community, and are able to do a little more
for our people in a w ay which is not charity. T he rents paid are sufficient to
pay taxes, keep the property in repair, pay interest on the investment and
leave a fa ir balance each year fo r refunding.
Social Impact
Christianity has a distinct and marked effect in bettering the social condi
tion and outlook o f those who accept it. Conversion to Christianity frees people
from the bondage o f caste. T h is is recognized not only among Christians, but
a lio among non-Christians, and is vitally related to social standing and economic
opportunity. Christianity offers better education and» training fo r the young
than would often be available otherwise. T he “hope” element in life, peculiar to
7°
Christianity, means much fo r inspiration and effort. A lso I am increasingly
impressed with the hold and influence o f Christ on multitudes and especially on
practically all educated Indians, even though they do not openly accept H is
religion. T h e Christian Scriptures and Christian devotional books are read
by multitudes fo r devotional purposes, a most significant sign o f the times.
Collins Institute— Principal, Gottlieb Schaenzlin. F ifteen teachers includ
ing those o f the Bengali boarding school. T here are 400 students enrolled o f
whom 100 are Christians— seventy-five o f these live in the hostel on T an gra
R oad and attend our nearby day school.
T h e school is fo r Indian boys and has all classes from prim ary to the prep
aration fo r College Matriculation, which is equivalent to an Am erican High
School. A t the exam ination held by the Calcutta U niversity last M arch our
school made an extraordinarily good record. W e sent fourteen boys, twelve
o f whom passed.
T he institute does not receive any grant-in-aid from the Government, but
hopes to receive one this year, though it is not the policy o f the Government to
issue such grants to N ative H igh Schools in Calcutta.
In connection with the main school there is a branch school on South Road,
Entally, having six standards, with seventy-five students.
F o ur young men are preparing fo r the ministry at the Collins Institute Bible
T rain in g School.
T he Calcutta B o ys’ School— D. H ' Manley, A ctin g Principal. Thirteen
teachers. Serves European and Anglo-Indian community. Christian students,
122, non-Christian, fifteen. T o tal enrollment, 137. T his property is valued at
Rs. 58.500.
T he G irls’ H igh School— Principal, M iss W o o d ; Vice-Principal, M iss H u nt;
Librarian, M iss Stores.
Queen’s H ill School— Principal Emeritus, M iss K n o w le s ; Principal, Miss
S ta h l; Teacher, M iss R ockey— thirteen assistant teachers.
T his is a W om an’s Foreign M issionary Society school fo r girls and is o f
high school standard. Enrollment, ninety-five, seventy o f whom reside in the
hostel.
A t H ati Bagan.there is a school fo r boys with thirty-five pupils and one for
girls with an attendance o f eighty-five. Ballygunge school fo r boys and girls has
an enrollment o f forty. A t Dhappa there are thirty ch ild ren ; and sixty pupils
in the two girls’ schools at Tam lak. In the surrounding villages there are six
“ subsidized” schools fo r boys and girls, supported by non-Christians. W orkers
visit them regularly and give Christian instruction.
D IA M O N D H A R B O U R D I S T R IC T
Diam ond H arbour D istrict is in the southwestern part o f the civ il district o f
Parganas. T h e southern and eastern part o f the district includes territory made up
o f estuaries o f the Ganges, the land being badly w aterlogged.
T h e northern part
is along the H oogly R ive r and is generally healthful.
T h e civil district includes
1.575 villages and has a population o f 470,000.
B. M. M ozundar , Superintendent
T his district is a large area, one hundred miles long and fifty miles wide,
extending from Calcutta to the bay o f Bengal. It includes the south villages
B en gal
7i
and the Sunderbuns. T he south villages are numerous. In some places the
villages *are just like islands in marsh}' lands. It is very difficult to reach them
except by country-boats or canoes called Saltls. T he Sunderbuns is a vast
tract full o f jungles and deep forests. They abound in royal Bengal tigers
o f the fiercest type, and large man-eaters can be seen in numbers in creeks and
canals. T h e people are very poor, rough, and uncivilized, but they are very
docile and have a regard fo r the Gospel when it is preached to them. W e
Christian w orkers are afraid to travel through the forests without arms and
weapons fo r self-protection from the clutches o f the ferocious w ild animals.
T h e H oogly R iver near its mouth is a dangerous thing, especially when the
southern monsoon blows. T he surges rage high, and it is a dangerous journey
to pass over the angry river.
T he colporteurs travel to the distant and impassable parts o f the country,
and when they sing songs o f the glorious works of our Lord in the crossroads
o f a village, crowds o f people flock to them to hear them and are so much
delighted as to buy the Gospel at their own costs and to take the tracts fo r
their perusal, and it presents a novel sight, and it gives an unalloyed pleasure
to a devoted evangelist to do the w ork o f the Lord among them. T igers and
man-eating fierce crocodiles and venomous snakes strike terror into our hearts,
but we care very little fo r them, especially when we see lots o f anxious and
earnest people drawn to us by the H o ly Spirit to know about the L ord Jesus
Christ.
Christianity has worked a miracle in the change of the moral character o f
our people. Brother Chuni L ai Das, the local deacon, has w orked w ith others
to help me much in this direction. The Christians are giving up the habit
o f drinking and so also the non-Christians. Some o f the non-Christians come
to the church on Sundays during the divine services. T h e w onderful change
which the Lord has graciously wrought among the non-Christians o f Jhanjra
is slowly but surely putting a stop to the scandalous system o f caste, and it
reminds me o f the mass conversion of the Samaritans o f old into Judaism. I f
any mass movement at any time takes place in Bengal, Jhanjra w ill be the first
place where it will make its appearance. Many non-Christians are related to
Christians, and their intercourse and sympathy with their Christian brethren
has led some o f them from time to time to accept the Christian faith through
baptism.
P A K A U R D IS T R IC T
Pakaur is a town situated near the Ganges R iver, about seventy m iles north
of Bolpur on a loop of the E ast Indian R ailw ay, and is the center o f a great jute
and rice-grow ing country.
T h e rajah has his residence here, and the English
m agistrate’s court and residence make it a place o f some importance.
M ethodist Episcopal M ission work was begun here in 1884, and there is now a
large and flourishing church with new buildings for boys’ and girls’ schools and a
new mission house. T h e territory of the two circuits o f Pakaur and Ram pur H at
includes 1,500 square miles, with a population o f 700,000. T h e languages used are
Bengali and Santali.
Missionaries: R ev. H enry M. Swan and Mrs. Swan. W . F . M. S .: M isses
Pauline Grandstrand, M arnie Reiley, and H ilda Swan.
Institutions: B o y s’ M iddle E nglish School, Industrial Farm . W . F. M . S .: G irls’
M iddle Vern acular School, Lace School, W idow s’ Home, D ispensary.
Bolpur
Bolpur is on the loop line o f the E ast Indian R ailw a y about ninety-nine miles
northeast o f Calcutta.
It is situated in a great rice-producing district and is an
72
export market town with an immense rice trade. It is chiefly inhabited by brokers
and grain dealers. T h e territory o f the circuit includes 2,000 square miles with a
population o f about a million. T h e language used is B engali. Bolpur is the residence
o f the famous Indian poet, Rabindranath Tagore, who was awarded the N obel prize
in 1913. T h e M ethodist Episcopal Church has a church, mission house, and school,
w ith buildings for the native assistants.
M ission aries: R ev. James P. M eik and Mrs. Meik.
H
enry
M. S w a n , Superintendent
Educational
A t the B oys’ Boarding School, Pakaur, the attendance as well as the income
from fees has increased sixty per cent. Enrollment, ninety-five. Christians and
non-Christians are beginning to place a high value on education. T h e M oham
medans are rather slow to realize the w orth of mental training but there are
several in our school and now and then one perseveres and passes the final
examination, though as a rule they leave us just as soon as they have learned
to read and start a day school in their own village. T hus they earn a few
rupees. These little schools, conducted by boys who have gained their know l
edge in our schools where they have also learned something o f Christianity and
the Bible, often open the w ay fo r our workers. T he schools at Dhulian and
Chucksaipur have fifty and thirty-five pupils enrolled respectively. T here are
tw elve schools at Bolpur receiving governm ent aid.
T he Santals m anifest great interest in education and send their children
readily to our boarding schools and cheerfully furnish their own clothes and
admission fees. A m ong the Hindus it has become the custom to educate the
boys and girls.
Agricultural Training
T he farm conducted by the school is grow in g in size and importance.
T he implements used are made by the boys and this year quantities o f corn,
potatoes, lentils, mustard, onions, fruits, jute, rice, and bamboo were produced.
In A p ril a Christian M ela was held and great crowds attended the services.
M onthly English services have been begun among the European railw ay
employees at Ram pur Hat. T hese meetings have been w ell attended and greatly
appreciated.
NO. \1
Bombay
73
B o m b a y Co n f e r e n c e
T h e Bom bay Conference consists o f the Bom bay Presidency north o f . the B elgaum civil district, and such parts o f Central India as lie south of the tw enty-fifth
parallel of latitude and west of the Central Provinces Conference. M arathi, G ujarati,
Sindhi, and K anarest are the principal languages.
Th e Bom bay Annual Conference was organized out o f portions o f the South
India and Bengal Conferences in December, 1892.
A H M E D A B A D D IS T R IC T
Ahmedabad D istrict includes that part o f the Bom bay Presidency which lies
north of the Cam bay-Godhra R ailw ay as far east as the town of Dakor, and thence
north o f a line extending in a northeasterly direction to the M ahi R iver, south of
Rajputana, and west of the Central India A gen cy, and including the peninsula of
Kathiawar. Th e prevailing language spoken in this district is Gujarati.
Th e M ethodist D istrict was formed out o f part o f the G ujarat D istrict, which
was divided in 1909.
Ahmedabad
Ahmedabad (population, 200,000) is the chief city in the northern division of
the Bombay Presidency. It is 310 miles by rail from Bombay on the Bom bay, Baroda,
and Central India R ailw ay, and 50 miles from the head of the G u lf o f Cambay.
T h e Hindus form about seventy per cent o f the population.
N e x t in importance
and wealth are the Jains, who are the traders, merchants, and money-lenders, and
who have m any beautiful temples in the city.
Ahmedabad is one o f the most
important cotton m anufacturing centers in the world and is progressing rapidly.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1881. Th e Presbyterian Church
in Ireland, the Christian and M issionary Alliance, the Salvation Arm y, and India
E van gelization S ociety are at work in Ahmedabad.
Nadiad
Nadiad (population, 33,000) is on the Bombay, Baroda, and Central In d ia R ail
way, 29 m iles southeast .of Ahmedabad.
T h e town is the center of an extensive
trade in tobacco and grain.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1895. T h e Presbyterian Church
in Ireland and the Salvation A rm y are at work here.
M ission aries: C arl H. Conley and Mrs. Conley, Rev. A lexan der Corpron, M .D .,
and Mrs. Corpron, Rev. Frederick W ood and Mrs. W ood (on furlou gh).
W . F.
M. S . : M iss A d a H olm es and M iss Godfry.
In stitution s: N adiad Industrial and Engin eerin g Institute, Thoburn M em orial
Hospital.
F
r e d e r ic k
W
ood ,
Superintendent
Self-support
T he amount raised fo r ministerial support shows an advance o f over
tw enty-four per cent. In this matter there has been steady grow th fo r the
past four years, since the famine when the amount stood at Rupees 2,359
($786.33), an increase o f Rupees 1,422 ($474) or over sixty per cent. T he
total raised fo r all purposes this year was Rupees 4,149 ($1,383). W e are just
now gathering in our harvest thanksgiving, most o f this given in kind, con
sisting o f grain o f sorts, chickens, etc.
One m orning as I was passing through the railw ay station o f Ahmedabad,
the pastor and a steward o f the local church met me and handed me a roll
o f bills amounting to Rupees 50, which he said was the tenth o f the crop he had
just sold. On a later visit to this church the same brother handed me the sum
74
o f Rupees 70, being the tenth o f the proceeds o f the sale o f the crop o f another
field.
O ver the district there are several other tithers, including all the mission
workers. T he encouraging part o f it is that there are indications that the spirit
o f givin g is grow ing. Constant teaching 011 the matter o f systematic giving
and the L ord ’s claim is taking eifect in some hearts at least. A nd some who
do not see the force o f T he Tenth proposition, or who feel it is too much to
ask o f such poor people, are nevertheless increasing the amount o f their con
tributions fo r the L ord ’s w ork. T he amount o f the H arvest Thanksgiving
already mentioned is proof o f th is ; an increase o f Rupees 334 over last year,
notwithstanding that there has been a poor harvest in some parts o f the district,
and that within the past quarter our Christian people have contributed over
Rupees 1,000 ($333) towards the W a r R elief Fund.
A nother reason fo r the increase in M inisterial Support is the apportioning
to each charge at the commencement o f the year o f a definite amount to be
raised locally according to disciplinary requirements, as we feel the young
church should begin in a larger measure to carry the burden in a systematic
manner instead o f haphazard or chance collections. In this w ay each circuit
has increased, while the church at N adiad has increased seventy-five per cent
over last year.
Self-propagation
A s the people are increasing their g ifts and contributions so are they increas
ing in their interest in the w ork and zeal fo r the extension o f the Kingdom . A nd
this is to be expected.
O ur steward at Ahmedabad considers all his spare time a fter w ork belongs
to his Lord. H e conducts two Sunday schools at his own charges,
and he has
raised a singing band which accompanies him
and a w orker usually at nights
and on Sundays when he visits mohallas in the city and the surrounding villages
preaching and singing the Gospel message. A large stewards’ meeting was held
in his town recently, some twenty-five attending, and he fed them all at his
own expense, and severely rebuked some who wished the mission to pay their
fares, saying they should consider it an honor to be a steward in the Church
and a privilege to give o f their time and substance.
T he number o f adult baptisms this year is not large, and this is accounted
fo r in part by the fact that in the older part o f the district there are many
villages where every person belonging to the caste from which our converts and
workers have come has become a C h ristian ; and preachers who w ere converts
from the low castes are not accepted or received by those o f the higher castes,
indeed in many places their presence is scarcely tolerated within the caste
quarter o f the village. In the newer parts o f the district as the people get to
know us and to understand our message inquirers m ay be expected in large
numbers. W e reach, all told, about 250,000 people through our preaching serv
ices held mostly in the open air.
The Young People
W e are laying more and more stress on the importance o f the w ork among
the young people and givin g increasing attention to it.
Registers have been introduced in nearly every Sunday school. In some
outlying places the ignorant people are so afraid o f anything in the form o f a
Bombay-
75
register that to use one might break up a Sunday school and frighten the people.
A fte r a while they m ay be introduced. T he attendance shows a slight increase.
W e have 189 Sundajr schools. O f our 1,882 baptized children o f all ages, 1,558
are in the Sunday schools. W e have no home department, or all the children
would be 011 our rolls. Besides these, over 2,000 adults are enrolled members
o f the Sunday schools.
Influence on Non-Christian Children
T h e influence o f the Sunday and day schools and Epworth Leagues is
very encouraging and gives great hopes for the future. In the village o f Nandej
I held a special service fo r the children. About twenty were present o f whom
the m ajority were non-Christians. T hey all could repeat without hesitation
or mistake the L o rd ’s Prayer, the Ten Commandments, and many passages o f
Scripture. In the course o f catechizing them 011 the commandments they all
declared that they observed the first two. I was surprised to hear this from
the non-Christian children, but the adults who were present assured me that
the parents o f the children could not persuade them to visit the “ mandir” or
“ dehrun” (the large and small temples where the village idols are kept), and
that they refused to make any offerings to the idols, declaring they believed
what they had been taught in the mission school that an idol is nothing. Some
o f the children had been beaten, but still refused, and now they are not asked
to go. A nd when after that they repeated the creed I felt they meant and
understood a great deal o f what they recited. This is not an exceptional case.
Surely our young people’s w ork is spoiling, thousands o f these children for
heathenism. Even from a physical point o f view Christianity is w orking w on
ders. B y the personal appearance a stranger would scarce believe that in
inspecting our village communities these folks are parents and children, so
clean and bright and alert are the children becoming.
A nd we missionaries are proud and delighted to have a place and a part
in this blessed work.
Industrial and Engineering Institute at Nadiad, Rev. Carl H. Conley and
Mrs. Conley in charge. The Vernacular School has made a better showing than
usual. Last year only three fourths o f the boys passed their exam in ations; this
year out o f a total o f forty-seven all passed but seven. T he Government grant
has been increased and the Inspector’s report was favorable T w o Hindu teachers
w ere dispensed with during the year and their places filled by Christians— form er
students o f the school. This is a significant sign o f growth.
In the workshop four out o f six passed the Manual T rainin g Exam ination.
D uring the year seventeen o f the older students have gone out to find emplo}'ment and the workshop sales have been encouraging, amounting to something
over Rupees 4,500. A lo n g this line the carpentry shop has made a better showing
than ever before, as we received one order fo r some Rupees 700 w orth o f camp
furniture fo r the Adm inistrator o f a N ative State. T he sales now show an
increase o f about Rupees 500 over last year.
D ay Schools. T h ere are sixty primary or day schools in this district. The
work o f these has been full o f encouragement and the attendance has increased.
T he reports o f the governm ent inspectors are not all in yet, but we expect to
have more schools registered and anticipate that the grants will show an increase
76
Foreign .Missions Report
over last year. One reason fo r this w ill probably be the increase in the attend
ance o f girls. M ore than half the scholars are girls.
Report of Mr. Conley
T he direction o f technical education in the Bombay Presidency has now
been put entirely into the hands o f the new committee appointed by Government,
and we are hoping that under this new regim e our school may become more
useful than ever. One o f the first efforts o f the new committee was that o f
classifying all the technical and industrial schools according to their efficiency
and usefulness. O nly three schools in the Presidency have been rated as firstclass, and the N adiad Institute is one o f them, the others being municipal schools
fo r Hindus or Mohammedans. T his means that we have the only first-class
school o f this kind in W estern India where Christians are being trained.
T his year three more o f our graduates have been added to-the staff in the
shops as instructors, so that now out o f eight teachers and instructors only
one Hindu is em ployed; the others being Christians who, with one exception,
received their training in our school. Three lads have been employed during
the year as teachers in mission schools, and have done good w ork in that
capacity.
T h ree o f our graduates who are in the Government F orestry service have
just inform ed us that they are going to begin at once the support o f a student in
this school. M ay others who have gone out follow this fine example.
B A R O D A D IS T R IC T
Baroda D istrict includes a large part o f the territory o f the G aekwar o f B a r o d a ;
it is bounded on the north by the Ahm edabad D istrict, its southern boundary being
the Narm adda R iv e r ; it also includes the P a rc h M ahals, the eastern boundary of
which is the Central India A gen cy. It covers about 6,000 square m iles o f territory.
T h e G ujarati language is spoken. T h e total population o f the district is 2,500,000.
A bout four fifths o f the population are H indus, the rest being Moham m edans together
w ith a few Parsees.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun about 1875.
In 1895 the people
began to turn to C hrist by hundreds. T h e G ujarat D istrict was organized the follow
in g year. T h e Baroda D istrict w as form ed by the division o f the G ujarat D istrict
in January, 1909. O th er mission boards in this field are the Presbyterian Church in
Ireland and the S alvation Arm y.
Baroda
B aroda (population, 125,000) is the capital o f the native state of the same name.
It is situated on the Vishw am itri River, 248 miles by rail from Bom bay, and 60
miles southw est o f Ahm edabad.
Th ere are m any im portant buildings in Baroda
including notable H indu temples. U n d er the progressive and enlightened adm inis
tration o f the present Gaekwar, Baroda is rapidly becom ing an important educational
center, and is w ell equipped with hospitals.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun by W illiam T a y lo r’s local preachers
from Bom bay about 1875. Th e first m issionary was sent there in 1888.
N o other
m ission board is at work here.
Missionaries: Rev. R oyal D . Bisbee and Mrs. Bisbee, Rev. Charles B. H ill
and M rs. H ill, R ev. L e w is E . Linzell (on furlough) and Mrs. L inzell (on furlough).
W . F . M . S .: M isses E th el M ae Laybourne, M .D ., Belle A llen, M .D . (on furlough),
Ida H aney, N ellie F. N unan, M .D ., M ary E . Chilson, D ora L. Nelson, and Helen
E . Robinson.
Institutions: Florence B. Nicholson School of Theology, Boys’ Orphanage,
Anglo-Vernacular and High Schooi. W. F. M. S.: Girls’ Orphanage, Mrs. William
Butler Memorial Hospital.
Godhra
Godhra (population, 30,000) is the headquarters o f the Panch M ahals civil
district o f the Bom bay Presidency, situated on the G odhra-Ratlam R ailw ay, 288
Bombay
1914]
77
miles from Bombay.
Godhra is the center o f the trade in timber and firewood
extracted from the forests o f the district and the neighboring states, and exported
to the rest of G ujarat.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1896. N o other mission board
is at work here.
M issionaries: R ev. John Lam pard and M rs. Lampard.
M argaret D . Crouse (on furlough), Cora L. M organ, M innie E . N ew ton, Laura F.
A ustin, and E lsie R oss (on furlough).
In stitution : W . F . M. S .: G irls’ Orphanage.
Joh n
L
am pard,
Superintendent
B aroda D istrict has twenty-one circuits, with 435 villages, where regular
services are held every Sunday. The church membership is 7,960, and the total
number o f Christians is 11,586. D uring the year there were 399 baptisms— not
so many as last year, because the period of probation has been lengthened
and less attention is given to making new converts and more time and effort
is concentrated on the Christian community. O ur 143 Sunday schools, with
a total attendance o f 5,475, reach only the children o f Christians. In the large
centers the schools are quite up to. home standards. T he sixty-six League
Chapters have a membership o f 1,171.
Self-support
Steady progress is being made in the matter o f self-support. O ur district
Christians gave Rs. 5,583 toward self-support and there has been an increase o f
thirteen per cent in the contribution o f the previous year from the members
o f our Church in the Baroda District. I f this rate o f progress continues a few
years hence we ought to see the Christian Church in G ujarat self-sustaining
in large measure, but for the maintenance o f our Educational and other institu
tions and for evangelistic w ork among the heathen, we shall be dependent for
a long period upon the gifts o f the Home churches. O ur chief difficulty in the
matter o f self-support is to overturn the fixed idea in the minds o f the village
people that the pastors have been and should be supported by funds from
Am erica, thus realizing no responsibility in the matter themselves. It takes a
long time to change the East, and self-support is still a great task before us.
But in addition to steadily increasing contributions, the fact is encouraging
that there is arising a number o f young preachers who see the true situation
and who are showing themselves w illing to take up some share o f the burden
o f m aking the Indian Church self-supporting.
T he Florence Nicholson School o f Theology, Baroda. Rev. R. D. Bisbee
and Mrs. Bisbee in charge, has seventy-seven students, forty-five men and
thirty-two women. F ifteen men and three women graduated this year. Eleven
o f the fifteen received their boyhood training at our Baroda Boarding School.
The students from this school upon graduating £o out to all parts o f our
G ujarati field as preachers. M any applicants were refused admission this year
because o f lack o f accommodations.
Baroda H igh School. Principal B oys’ Department, C. B. H ill; Principal
G irls’ Department, M iss Nelson. Enrollment in both departments, eighty—
twenty-seven girls and fifty-three boys.
F our girls out o f five passed the T eachers’ F irst Y e a r Exam ination this
year and three boys appeared for the Bom bay matriculation examination and
78
{1914
seven for the A rts examination. T he girls are now in Lucknow preparing to
be high school teachers.
This school has been fo r several years coeducational, but at the beginning
o f the year the institution was divided into two separate high schools.
G irls’ Boarding School and Orphanage at Baroda, with Miss Chilson in
charge, has 180 girls in residence. In the industrial department the girls are
taught cooking, weaving, and lace making. There are at present thirteen girls
wdio have finished the sixth standard in the G ujarati school who study in our
industrial school all day. O ur school girls w ork here only an hour a day.
T he B oys’ Boarding School at Baroda in charge o f Rev. C. B, H ill and
Mrs. H ill has 123 students. These boys range in age from six to nineteen and
are graded from kindergarten through high school. T he school is highly com
mended by the Government. Some o f these boys 011 leaving the boarding school
enter the Theological School, others attend our Norm al School at Godhra and
some take the College Courses under Government control.
T he G irls’ Boarding School at Godhra, Principal, Miss Ross, reports
progress in spite o f difficulties.
Teachers’ N orm al T rainin g School, Principal, Miss Newton, is doing excel
lent work. T his school wras established at Godhra ten years ago.
O ur fifty-one village schools are attended by 985 pupils. These schools are
difficult to establish and equally difficult to maintain because the people seem
not to appreciate the value o f education and do not send the children regularly.
Medical
T he Butler M em orial H ospital fo r W om en ministers to the girls’ school
and to the Christian residents o f Baroda. It does not touch the non-Christian
population o f Baroda city, nor the mass o f our 12,000 village Christians.
D uring the past two months since last Conference we have the follow ing
statistical rep ort:
Dispensary patients..........................................
H ospital patients..........................................
Operations ..................................................
Obstetrical ...................................................................................
O ut ca lls..............................................................................
Fees and donations.....................................................................
M edicine .....................................................................................
20,850
400
75
56
300
$455
$230
Ethel M. Laybourne, M.D., Physician in charge. M iss Haney, Superintending
Nurse.
In our N urses’ T rain in g Class we have at present ten student nurses,
three from the girls’ school at Godhra, three from the Baroda school, and
the remaining four from Jubbulpore. T w o graduate nurses from Bareilly
Hospital are training the girls.
'B O M B A Y D IS T R IC T
Bom bay D istrict includes the E nglish work in the city o f Bom bay and a number
o f E nglish circuits near the city, Poona, Lanauli, Ig a tp u r i; also a few centers in
the northwestern part of the Bom bay Presidency, near the delta o f the Indus R iver,
including K arachi and Quetta Circuit in British Baluchistan. T h e district is w idely
scattered, stretching over a territory o f about tw elve degrees o f latitude. T h e extreme
stations, Poona and Quetta, are 1,400 miles apart, by ordinary routes o f travel.
Bombay
B om bay, the “ E ye o f In d ia” (population, 1,000,000), is the capital o f the Bom bay
Bombay
1914]
79
Presidency and the principal seaport o f W est India.
It is situated on an island
which is .one o f a group lyin g off the coast of the Konkan. T h e island of Bom bay
is united with the larger island of Salsette, and also with the m ainland by many
causeways. It has an area of twenty-tw o square miles. F or beauty o f scenery and
advantages o f position, Bom bay is unsurpassed by any city of the East. In front o f
the city is a wide harbor, studded with islands and dotted with n ative craft and
steamers from many ports. Th e houses are well built and the broad streets of the
city are ennobled by public buildings. There is a great variety of national types in
B om bay and there are many industries incidental to the active life of a great seaport.
N e x t to N ew Orleans, it is the largest cotton-exporting center in the world. Scores
o f cotton m ills are in prosperous operation. T h e Improvement Trust is transform ing
the city. N ew docks to cost some $20,000,000 are under construction.
Other m ission boards
at work here are the A m erican Board (C ongregational), the Christian and M issionary
A lliance, the M issionary Settlem ent for U n iversity W omen, the Church M issionary
Society, the Society fo r the Propagation of the Gospel, the U n ited Free Church of
Scotland, the W esleyan Methodists, and the Zenana Bible and M edical M ission.
M ission aries: Rev. W illiam E . Bancroft and Mrs. Bancroft, Rev. W illiam Lee
C larke and Mrs. Clarke, Rev. A riel N. W arner and Mrs. W arner. W . F. M. S . :
M isses A n n a A . Abbott, Elizabeth W . Nichols, and Joan Davis.
In stitution s: Seam en’s Rest. W . F. M. S .: Thoburn Deaconess Home.
K a ra ch i
K arachi (population, 120,000) is the capital of Sind and the headquarters o f the
district of the same name.
It is situated at the extreme end of the Indus Delta,
near the southern base o f the Pab Mountains, and close to the border o f Baluchistan.
K arachi is 933 miles distant from Bom bay by rail and about 700 by sea. There are
about 60,000 Mohammedans, 49,000 Hindus, and over 6,000 Christians.
O w in g to
the value o f the Indus as a channel of communication the development o f great
irrigation projects along this river, and building of great trunk lines of railway,
K arach i is now the second port of importance on the west coast of India, and is
the ch ief grain-exporting city o f the Indian Empire.
Other mission boards
at work here are those of the Church of England.'
M ission aries: Rev. George W . Park (on furlough) and Mrs. Park (on furlough),
Rev. F aw cett E . N. Shaw and Mrs. Shaw.
Quetta
M issionaries: R ev. George Eldridge and Mrs. Eldridge.
W . E.
B
an croft,
Superintendent
A t the last session o f the Bombay Conference there was a happy reunion
o f the w ork o f our mission in the city of Bombay. F or ten years the Vernacular
and English w ork was operated in two separate districts, the division being
made upon language lines, but at our last Conference the work was divided
upon geographical lines which brought all the work in Bombay into one district.
T his arrangement gives a .united force in Bombay.
W ithin the district we have five English congregations, two o f which are
entirely self-supporting, two nearly so, and one paying half the pastor’s salary.
T he pastors o f these E nglish churches are all interested in the vernacular work.
Bowmen M emorial Church, Pastor, Rev. A . N . W a rn er; T aylo r Memorial
Church, Pastor, Rev. W . E. Bancroft, are located in Bombay. Rev. W . L.
Clarke has charge o f the vernacular w ork in the city where there are four
vernacular congregations— Marathi, Gujarati, Hindustani, and Kanarese.
T he Brooks M em orial Church, Pastor, Rev. Faw cett Shaw, is in K arach i;
and the vernacular w ork o f this city is 111 charge o f Rev. G. W . Park. The
E nglish church at Quetta is under the pastorate o f Rev. George Eldridge.
Sunday .services are held in nineteen villages on the district w ith about
1,297 Christians. T here are thirty-tw o Sunday schools with an attendance o f
1,444, nearly all children.
8o
P O O N A D IS T R IC T
Th e Poona D istrict includes all the vernacular work in the important cities
o f Bom bay and Poona, with also a number of circuits adjacent to them.
Th e
M arathis are a virile, independent, and haughty race, and while subjected, have never
been conquered.
Igatpuri
Igatpuri is an important railw ay town on the Great Indian Peninsula R ailw ay,
87 miles from Bombay, at the top of the pass in the Ghats crossed by the northern
trunk lines of this system. It has a pleasant climate and a a elevation of about 2,000
feet.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work in Igatpuri was opened during W illiam
(Bishop) T a y lo r’s visit to India in the year 1875. Th e General M issionary Board
o f the Pentecostal Church o f the N azarene is at work here.
Poona
Poona (population, 154,000), the “ Queen C ity of D eccan,” is the headquarters
of the, Poona civil district, on the Great Indian Peninsula R ailw ay, 110 miles south
east of Bombay.
It is the term inal of the Southern M ahratta R ailw ay.
Th e city
extends along the banks o f the M utha R iver for about a mile and a half. Though
no longer an important center of trade and industry, there is still much w eaving
carried on in Poona. Th ere are several governm ent and private schools in the city,
also a college. Poona is the heart o f the M aharashtra, the center o f everythin g that
pertains to the M ahratta people, and is generally regarded as the most influential
Brahm inical city in the empire.
at work here are the Church M issionary Society, the Church of Scotland W om en’s
A ssociation fo r Foreign Missions, the Poona and Indian V illage Mission, the U n ited
Free Church o f Scotland, the W esleyan M ethodists, and the Zenana Bible and
M edical Mission.
M issionaries: R ev. W illiam H. Stephens and Mrs. Stephens.
W . F. M. S .:
Misses An n ie Goodall and V id a M. Stephens.
In stitu tion s: A n glo-Ind ian Home, M arathi B oys’ Orphanage and School, F o x
M em orial and T ra in in g School. W . F. M. S .: T a y lo r H igh School for Girls.
Talegaon
T alegaon (population, 6,000) is on the Great Indian Peninsula R ailw ay, about
tw enty-three miles from Poona, in the civil district of Dhabhada. It is about 1,800
feet above the sea, and has a healthful climate. It is an im portant strategic center,
with some 3,000 villages and 2,000,000 people in the region at hand.
M issionaries: W . F. M. S .: M isses Christine H. Lawson, Lucile C. M ayer.
In stitution : W . F . M. S . : G irls’ B oarding School and Orphanage.
W . H.
S teph en s,
Superintendent
T here are two congregations in Poona— one M arathi and one English—
and each is the largest o f its kind in our W estern India field. T his is due to
the fact that being an educational center it has a large number o f young people
and the soldiers from the British garrison furnish attendants at the English
church.
Eighteen villages are reported as containing Christians with an average
o f twenty-two in each village, some having a Christian community o f forty, and
others having only a fam ily or an individual.
B oys’ Orphanage and Vernacular School at Poona— Principal, W . H .
Stephens. T h is institution— the only school o f the kind in our M arathi w ork o f
the Conference, w ith its insufficient staff and other difficulties— is struggling not
merely fo r existence, but that it m ay attain the efficient standard required by
Bombay
8i
this one educational hope o f higher education in the w ork o f the Board o f
Foreign Missions in the M arathi field.
T aylo r H igh School for Girls— Principal, Mrs. Ellen H . W . F o x ; V icePrincipal, Miss Goodall. Enrollment, fifty-nine. This school is located at Poona
and has had many difficulties during the year caused by the plague scare. T he
Government has made it possible fo r us to have a new dormitory, and a type
w riting and shorthand department has been added to the school.
T he Hillman M em orial School fo r Girls at Telegaon has ninety-eight girls
in residence. Principal, Boarding Department, Miss L aw son ; Principal, E du
cational Department, Miss M ayer. This school reports much sickness during
the year and a consequent irregularity in attendance. In spite o f this, however,
every girl passed in the recent examinations. Twenty-one new students have
been admitted to the boarding school during the year. T he outlook is very
hopeful.
Poona Orphanage should receive particular attention as it does special
service. Much o f our hope o f getting preachers and teachers centers in this
school. M rs. Stephens is in charge o f this work.
T he Poona T rainin g School is a most important department in charge o f
the Rev. W . W . Bruere.
T he Vernacular educational w ork consists o f three schools fo r girls and
four for boys. T he registered attendance fo r the year is 330. T he w ork is
graded to the F ifth standard A nglo-Vernacular. A ll o f these schools have
recently been examined by the Government Inspectors and returns from five
have been received which show in all cases the largest grants ever received by
these schools.
W e make the schools evangelistic centers where Bible women are employed,
Sunday schools established, and the Gospel preached.
Medical Work
T h e medical w ork under the care o f the W om an’s Foreign M issionary
Society, with à Dispensary at Poona and one at Lodi, contributes much toward
the success o f the work,
82
'
Ce n t r a l P r o v in c e s Co n f e r e n c e
T h e Central Provinces Conference includes the Central Provinces w ith their
feudatory states, the southern part o f Central India,, the province o f Berar, and a
strip along the northern and eastern border o f H yderabad state.
T h e population w ithin the bounds o f the Conference is about fifteen millions
T h e M ission C onference w as organized in January, 1905, by jo in in g together the
Central Provin ces D istrict o f the Bom bay Conference and the G odavari and Raipur
D istricts of the South India Conference.
It was organized into an A n n ual C on
ference by Bishop J. W . Robinson, February 27, 1913, in harmony with an enabling
act o f the General Conference of 1912.
JU BBU LPO RE
D IS T R IC T
Jubbulpore D istrict includes the civil districts of Jubbulpore, Narsinghpur, and
Balaghat.
The northern part includes the junction o f the V indhyan and Satpura
ranges o f m ountains. Jubbulpore form s part o f the great watershed o f India. Th e
main line o f railw ay from Bom bay to C alcutta runs through the district.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work w as begun in Jubbulpore in 1874. In addition
to work am ong H indus and Mohamm edans work is carried on am ong the Gonds and
other aboriginal tribes.
Ju bbu lp o re
Jubbulpore (population, 100,000) is the headquarters o f the civil district o f the
same name, situated 616 m iles from Bombay, on the G reat Indian Peninsula R ailw ay,
and 733 miles from Calcutta by the E a st Indian R ailw ay. T h e city is situated in a
rocky basin surrounded by low hills.
It ranks as the second city in the Central
Provinces.
Jubbulpore includes a cantonm ent o f troops with a population o f over
13,000. It is an im portant commercial and industrial town.
M ethodist E piscopal m ission w ork was begun in 1874. T h e other mission boards
at work here are the Church M issionary Society, the Church o f E nglan d Zenana
M ission, the .English W esleyans, and the Foreign Christian M issionary Society.
M ission aries: R ev. D avid G. Abbott and Mrs. Abbott, Rev. O rval M . Auner,
Rev_ J. B. Thom as and M rs. Thom as. W . F . M . S .: M iss E . Lahuna Clinton, Mrs.
A lm a H. H olland, and L yd ia S. Pool.
In stitu tion s: Thoburn B iblical Institute. W . F . M. S .: Johnson A n glo -V ernacular
B oarding School, Johnson Vernacular School and Orphanage, T each ers’ Christian
T ra in in g School.
N a rsin g h p u r
N arsinghpur (population, 12,000) is the headquarters o f the civil district of the
same name. It is situated on the G reat Indian Peninsula R ailw ay, 564 m iles from
Bombay. H and w eaving, dyeing, and bookbinding are im portant industries.
M issionary w ork form erly conducted by Swedish m issionaries was transferred
to the M issionary Society o f the M ethodist Episcopal Church in 1891.
N o other
mission boards are at w ork here.
M issionaries: R ev. H en ry C. Scholberg and M rs. Scholberg.
In stitu tion s: H ardw icke Christian B o y s’ H igh School, H ardw icke B oys Orphan
age.
D. G. A bbott, D istrict Superintendent
There have been baptisms in every circuit, the total show ing an increase
over last year. T h e amounts fo r pastors’ fund and benevolences are in advance
o f last year. A temperance society has been organized, composed o f Hindus and
Mohammedans. T h e number o f Sunday schools has increased more, than
tw enty per cent.
E d u c a tio n a l In stitu tio n s
T h e Thoburn Biblical Institute— Principal, D. G. A b b o tt; Assistants, Rev.
J. B. Thom as and M rs. Thomas. Enrollment, thirty-three, nineteen men and
fourteen women. T h is is the largest enrollment in the history o f the school.
Central Provinces
83
The T eachers’ T rainin g School— Principal, M iss Pool. Eight students out
o f nine passed the examination fo r teachers’ certificate.
T he Johnson Vernacular School and Orphanage fo r Girls. H igh school
classes have been resumed and a number o f girls from different parts o f the
Conference are already enrolled. This is to be the G irls’ H igh School fo r the
Conference. T w o girls took the high school scholarship examination and both
passed.
T he H ardw icke H igh School and Orphanage fo r Boys is at N arsinghpur
and is the Conference high school for boys. Principal, H. C. Scholberg. The
percentage o f passes and the attendance have been the largest in the history o f
the school. F o u r passed the matriculation examination. T he foundation fo r the
Narsinghpur H igh School building is nearing completion and the corner stone
w ill probably be laid at Conference time.
T h e day schools o f the district enroll 1,415 pupils, which is an increase over
last year.
Interdenominational Work
T his year again the W esleyan, Christian, and Methodist missions united in
a Summer school fo r their Christian w orkers. The school was profitable to the
students and w orkers who could attend. Rev. Jwala Singh o f Lucknow was
one o f the speakers, and while here he addressed special meetings fo r Hindus
and Mohammedans. Each night from 8 to 11 or 12 o’clock the city church was
crowded with attentive and orderly listeners. Many questions w ere answered
and good seed was sown. In October the biennial Christian Convention (campr
m eeting) fo r the different missions w orking in this part o f India was held in
Jubbulpore, and notwithstanding the financial depression caused by the w ar there
was a good attendance and all agreed that the meetings were unusually helpful.
T he European w ar has depreciated the value o f the Am erican dollar, given
higher prices and some apprehension as to the continued regularity o f all
special g ifts fo r the w ork, but we are practicing economy at every point possible
and are hoping and praying that all our patrons may stand by us so that the
w ork may not suffer on account o f lack o f funds.
K H A N D W A D IS T R IC T
Khandw a D istrict includes all o f N im ar civil district and part of Kandcsh north
o f the T a p ti Riyer, w ith the western boundary not definitely fixed. The population,
including the state of M akrai, is 406,092. A t present there are three large circuits,
Khandw a, Burhanpur, and Pandana, in each of which there is room for at least ten
good-sized circuits. T h e Roman Catholics are in Khandw a Circuit w ith a strong
force. T h e M ethodist Episcopal Church is the only evangelical denom ination at work
in the district.
Khandwa
Khandw a (population, 20,000) is the headquarters o f the N im ar civil district,
on the G reat Indian Peninsula Railway, 353 miles from Bombay. It is at the junction
o f the two great roads leading from north and w est India to Deccan. In the tw elfth
century Khandw a was a great seat of Jain worship. It is a center for the exportation
o f cotton. M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1880.
M issionaries: Rev. Herman Gusé (on furlough) and Mrs. Gusé (.on furlough),
Rev. Carl C. Herrmann and Mrs. Herrmann.
W . F. M. S . : M iss Josephine Liers,
M iss Groenewald.
In stitution s: B oys’ School and Orphanage.
W . F. M. S .: Girls School and
Orphanage.
C. C. H e r r m a n n , D istrict Superintendent
Groups o f men from two to twenty have come to us more than a score o f
84
,
times from as many villages and towns asking fo r the same thing. “Send us
some one who w ill teach us and our children. W e w ant to learn about your reli
gion and about Jesus o f whom we have heard such w onderful things. S a h ib !
will you not send us a teacher or a preacher soon?” Is it any wonder that our
hearts are heavy as our minds go over the vast field to be occupied? N ot only
to be prepared and sown with the W ord o f God, but to be occupied fo r an
ingathering o f precious souls who are w aiting and are ripe unto the harvest.
Oh, the vastness o f the opportunity, the immensity o f the responsibility! Then
come before us our limitations— lack o f money and men to enter into this cam
paign. W e. only give encouragement and say that as soon as we find it possible
we will send a teacher.
T he last baptisms we had w ere a fam ily o f Mohammedans, a doctor and
his fam ily o f tw o children. A ccordin g to his testimony he has been seeking for
nearly eight years. It was the W o rd o f God that touched his heart. H e had
read it and became convinced that Jesus was the sinless one, the Saviour o f the
world. H e compared Mohammed with Christ and Christ stood the test. H e had
made his w ishes o f becoming a Christian known to his relatives and they cast
him out and disinherited him. B y his skill as a doctor in native medicines he
had a good income, so managed to get on. Thus it was that several months ago
he came to K handw a to see some sick people. One o f our Christian students
found him in the B azaar and had a talk with him. W hen he learned that this
man wished to become a Christian he brought him to us. W e talked with him
and instructed him fo r several months and thoroughly tested him. H e satisfied
us that he was in earnest. T h e Mohammedan M ulvies and D urgas tried to
dissuade him. B ut this man put but one test to them— “ Show me,” he said,
“ from the Bible or any book that Jesus Christ ever committed a sin, and also
show me from yo u r K oran that Mohammed was sinless like Christ and I w ill
gladly give up the idea o f becoming a Christian.” T hey could n o t On the
n t h o f October w e baptized him in the name o f the T rinity. Persecutions
have been severe on the part o f the Mohammedans, but he has been firm in
his faith. W e have made arrangements to send him to the Thoburn Biblical
Institute fo r training. It is his request. H e is eager to learn the deep things
o f God and to become a true disciple o f Jesus. H is knowledge o f A rabic, P e r
sian, and Sanscrit w ill make him a valuable w orker. H e took the name o f
Paul in Christian baptism. W e pray that he might indeed become an Apostle
Paul to his people.
O ur Christians are beginning to give. T his is a good sign. O ur Khandwa
church has decided to make a desperate effort to support its own pastor during
the next year. T h e churches at Burhanpur and Pandana w ill make an attempt
to meet h alf o f pastors’ salaries.
N A G P U R D IS T R IC T
N agpur D istrict embraces the greater part o f the M arathi-speaking section o f
the Central Provin ces Conference.
T h e actual territory in which the M ethodist
Episcopal M ission is a t work includes a triangular section o f about 90,000 square
miles, with a population o f about 6,000,000.
Besides the M ethodist Episcopal M ission, the other Boards represented in this
district are the Church M issionary Society, the U n ited Free Church o f Scotland,
the Free M ethodists, and the A m erican C hristian Alliance.
Nagpur
N agpur (population, 130,000) is the capital o f the Central Provinces.
It is
situated on the G reat Indian Peninsula R ailw ay, 520 m iles from Bom bay, and on
1914]
Central Provinces
85
the B en gal-N agpur R ailw ay, 701 miles from Calcutta. . O f the population
about
eighty-five per cent are H indus and about 4,000 Christians. N agpur is the leading
industrial and commercial town in Central India, and carries on trade principally
with Bombay. It is a prominent educational center.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1874. T h e U n ited
F ree Church
o f Scotland is also at work in Nagpur.
M ission aries: R ev. Frank R. Felt, M .D., and Mrs. Felt, R ev. H oward A . M usser
(on furlough) and Mrs. Musser (on furlough).
Kampti
Kam pti (population, 10,000), ten miles from Nagpur, is the cantonm ent for the
capital. Several rich manganese mines are located a few miles from Kam pti. M eth
odist Episcopal work began in 1874, and in 1869 the school and church property
o f the U nited Free Church o f Scotland were transferred to the M ethodist Society.
M ission aries: R ev. A . E. D arling and Mrs. Darling.
Inst itu tion : B oys’ Boarding School.
Basim
Basim (population, 14,000) is in the southern part of the province o f Berar.
T h e town has an altitude of 1,758 feet above the sea level.
It contains several
ginning factories and a printing press.
Its importance as a base fo r extensive
evan gelistic work is recognized by all, though it suffers the disadvantage of being
forty m iles distant from the railway.
T h e mission work now carried forward by the M ethodist Episcopal Church was
started by independent missionaries in 1884. I t was transferred to the M issionary
S ociety of the M ethodist Episcopal Church in 1895.
M issionaries: Rev. Steadman A ld is and Mrs. Aldis. W . F. M. S .: Mrs. E. H.
F ox, M iss N ellie A . W ilson.
■In stitu tion s: B o y s’ School and Orphanage.
W . F . M . S .: G irls’ School and
Orphanage.
Hingoli
H ingoli is a tow n situated in the northern borderland o f the H yderabad
(D eccan ) state.
It is 30 miles south o f Basim and about 170 miles southwest of
N agpur. It is the center of a huge circuit of 30,000 square miles and about 80,000
people who speak chiefly the Urdu and H industani.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun there in 1903.
It first became
a mission station in Novem ber, 1906, when the Rev. W illiam A . Moore was stationed
there. N o other mission board is at work in the territory of this circuit.
Sironcha
Sironcha (population, 5,000) is the headquarters of a T ah sil o f the same name
in the southern part o f the civil district of Chanda, and is situated on the east bank
o f the G odavari River, at its confluence w ith the Pranhita. M arathi, K oi, and Telugu
are the principal languages of the region.
is at work in this region.
.
M ission aries: W . F. M. S .: M iss A d a J. Lauck and M iss N. N aylor.
In stitution s: B o y s’ School and Orphanage. W . F. M. S .: Dispensary, W id o w s’
Home, G irls’ School and Orphanage.
Gondia
G ondia (population, 5,000) on the B en gal-N agpur R ailw ay, is a jun ction station
in the B handara civil district and 81 miles from N agpur and 601 m iles from Bom bay.
It is a busy railw ay center, receiving goods from the surrounding country. W hile
H industani is spoken, the vernacular is M arathi.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1905. N o other m ission board
has work in the Gondia Circuit.
M ission aries: Rev. W illia m .A . M oore and Mrs. Moore.
F . R. F elt, Superintendent
T lie territory o f the district has been enlarged by the transfer, at the last
Conference session, o f the Gondia Circuit from the Raipur District- A s now
constituted, the district includes nearly all the M arathi w ork o f the Central
86
[1914
Provinces Conferences, in addition has a large tract o f country w here Telugu
is spoken.
A ll our w ork is directed from six circuit centers— Basim, Gondia, Kampti,
Nagpur, Sironcha, and Um rer. Evangelistic- w ork is carried on in Marathi,
Telugu, Hindustani, and Gujarati.
T he empty mission bungalows at H ingoli and Sironcha still call fo r mis
sionary occupants. T he great regions o f which these are centers teem with
scores o f thousands hungering fo r the W o rd o f L ife, and it is our imperative
duty to see this urgent need supplied. In N agpur w e divide the area and re
sponsibility with the United Free Church o f Scotland and the Episcopal Church
o f Scotland. T he form er mission has eighteen missionaries in the place. O ur
Church has the D istrict Superintendent and his w ife.
Zenana w ork under M rs. M oore at Gondia, M rs. D arling at Kampti, Mrs.
F elt at N agpur and M rs. A ldis at Basim has been faith fu lly carried on during
the year. There has been an encouraging increase in the number o f Bible women
in the district. T h eir regular and systematic teaching is bearing more fru it than
can be recorded in statistics. W om en are learning the stories and hymns o f the
Kingdom , and we have reason to believe that many a heart in the Zenanas has
found peace by trusting in Christ.
Plans are under w ay fo r a sort o f traveling library fo r each circuit, which
by circulating among the outstations w ill make it possible fo r all our w orkers
to have the best obtainable literature. W e feel this to be most important for
the proper grow th and development o f our men and women.
T w o schools have been opened, one in Gondia and one in Kampti, ten miles
from N agpur. A boarding school fo r boys was also opened. A similar school
fo r girls is needed and one o f our first duties w ill be to see such a school pro
vided under the care o f the W om an’s Foreign M issionary Society. T he scores of
bright girls in our Christian community demand such a school, and the develop
ment o f the w ork w ill make it necessary to have additional workers which must
come from our own training. W e dare not neglect to educate the boys and
girls o f our Christian community fo r conservation and intensive w ork must
go hand in hand with all efforts tow ard expansion and growth. T he school
at Basim has had a good year.
T h e effect o f the w ar in Europe has been to greatly increase the cost o f
living here in India. It is becoming almost impossible fo r many o f our men
to live on their small salaries. W an t and hunger w ill soon become inmates o f
many homes. Some places have already had to dismiss w orkers ow ing to the
cutting off o f special gifts. So fa r we have been able to conserve our force—
but w hat the future has in store fo r us only He upon the Throne knows. It is
a most critical time fo r our w ork. T h e com ing months w ill be a period o f severe
testing o f faith. W e cannot believe that it is in the plan o f the F ath er to have
us retreat from any o f the positions that "have been won. It would require much
time and money to regain lost ground. W e can only go on into the coming
months with our faith upon Him who doeth all things well, and our eyes upon
the H igh Places from whence cometh our help.
R A IP U R D IS T R IC T
Raipur D istrict includes a territory o f 3S,ooo square miles, and has a population
o f about 3,683,325. It was established in 1903. T h e main lino o f the B engal-N agpur
1914]
Central Provinces
87
R ailw ay passes through this district.
Th e follow ing languages are current in the
d is tr ic t: Hindi, Alarathi, U riya, Telugu,' and certain aboriginal tongues.
Th e Am erican M ennonite Mission has work in the district, about 48 miles south
o f Raipur.
Raipur
Raipur (population, 34,000) is the headquarters of the civil district o f the same
name. It is on the B engal-N agpur Railway, 513 miles from Calcutta, and 188 miles
from Nagpur. Th e town is situated in an open plain, about four miles from the
Karun River.
O f the population, about eighty per cent are Hindus and seventeen
per cent M ohammedans.
Th e town is important commercially.
H indi is the ver
nacular o f the circuit centering here.
T h e F oreign M ission
Board o f the German E van gelical Synod of N orth Am erica is at work in Raipur.
M issionaries: R ev. George K. Gilder and Mrs. Gilder.
W . F. M . S .: M isses
E m ily L. H arvey, E lsie Reynolds, and V era R. Thompson.
In stitu tion s: B oys’ Orphanage and Boarding School. W . F. M . S .: G irls’ School
and Orphanage.
Jagdalpur
_ Jagdalpur (population, 4,000), a town situated near the le ft bank o f the Indravati River, is the capital o f the feudatory state o f Bastar.
T h e M ethodist Episcopal Church, which began mission work here in 1893, is
the only mission board represented.
M ission aries: R ev. Frank D. Campbell and Mrs. Campbell.
In stitu tion s: B o y s’ Orphanage, G irls’ Orphanage, T rain ing School for W orkers.
Drug
D ru g Circuit is 4,645 square miles in area, population 676,313. T h is civil district
ranks thus seventh in area and population of the districts in the Central Provinces
and Berar.
D ru g T ow n is 26 miles to the west o f Raipur and on the B en gal-N agpur R ail
way.
It is the headquarters o f the .civil district of the same name.
T h e town is
536 miles from Calcu tta and 685 miles from Bombay. T h e population is over 4,000.
M ission work in connection with our mission was begun in 1899. W e are the only
mission in D ru g Tow n . In the D ondi-Lohara portion o f the civil district the Pente
cost M ission is working. And in the extrem e end o f the S an jar Tahsil in the south
o f the district is the Am erican Mennonite Mission.
Th e German E van gelical M is
sion North Am erican Synod is w orking in the northern part in the Bem etera Tahsil.
Practically, we have the field to ourselves.
M ission aries: R ev. Judson T . Perkins and Mrs. Perkins.
G.
K.
G il d e r ,
Superintendent
The year has been one o f trial. In view o f the many discouragements we
have been compelled to face, the wonder is that there has been any advance.
Baptisms have not been numerous. T he fact is, throughout the district, we have
felt it necessary in this connection, to make a pause. Inquirers are certainly
many. A number o f these we find are actuated by unworthy motives in seeking
to become Christians. W e have therefore declined to receive them. B ut our
biggest difficulty in respect o f these inquiring ones, is the paucity o f helpers.
T he want o f money with which to employ more Indian w orkers is a very seri
ous disability.
•
Self-support
Raipur Circuit raised $339 toward self-support this year. Considering the
numerical strength o f our Christian community and their poverty, this showing
is to their credit. O ur church here is small, the circuit is big and we are heavily
handicapped fo r want o f sufficient helpers. Scarcity occasioned by the failure
o f the latter rains last year, has told rather severely on our village Christians.
H appily the Government Irrigation Scheme in this Division has supplied them
88
with the means o f earning their daily bread. N evertheless it has fo r the time
being compelled them to leave village homes and to become scattered. This
jêar’s propitious monsoon, we trust, will prove a relief, enabling them to till
their holdings and to remain at home.
Bastar State is a vast area o f jungle wherein dwell 433,3ro people. Jagdalpur, the capital, is the only village with more than 5,000 inhabitants. There are
2,475 villages, 2,312 o f which are occupied by less than 500 people. A recent
survey o f the field shows that there are 1,550 Christians in the state, most
o f whom are from the A riy a speaking Mahars, depressed caste. D uring the year
there were ninety-eight baptisms and 200 w aiting to be baptized.
W e were much encouraged during the year by a visit from Bishop Robinson,
and we were further enheartencd by offers o f financial assistance made by the
State Government toward the establishing o f medical work.
In D rug, the youngest o f our extensive circuits, we have appointed w orkers
to nearly every strategic center. T here have been several interesting cases o f
baptism. T he D ru g M ission bungalow is completed and form s a com fortable
home fo r the missionary and his fam ily. W e also need an Evangelistic H all
in D rug. A t present we possess absolutely no place o f worship to which w e can
invite the public.
E d u ca tio n a l In stitu tio n s
O ur B oys’ Orphanage is doing well. But we wish the school had more Spe
cial G ift patrons. A number o f our boys are without any pledged support; and
it is a grave problem how to provide fo r them. W e have reduced the number
o f our village schools fo r non-Christian children. T his is due solely to want
o f sufficient w orkers. Openings fo r village primary schools are m any; but we
are too crippled fo r funds to enter them. W e attach considerable value to these
village schools, since they bring us into close friendly relations with the village
people and afford us favorable opportunities fo r preaching.
Burma
89
B u r m a M is s io n Co n f e r e n c e
The Burma M ission Conference includes Burma, with its area of approxim ately
237,000 square miles, ly in g along the eastern shore o f the B ay o f B engal.
The
scenery is of surpassing variety. In the extreme north the uplands reach almost to
the snow line. In the south are low -lyin g fertile plains. Islands are numerous along
the shores o f the B ay of Bengal, the largest being fifty miles in length. Th e popula
tion of Burma was 10,500,000 at the last census (19 0 1), the Burmans constituting
about 7,000,000. Th e other chief races, in order of numbers, are the Shans, Karens,
Talaings, Chins, and Kachins, all o f M ongolian origin.
Th e great m ajority o f the
Burmans are nom inally Buddhists, but their Buddhism is badly m ixed w ith spiritworship.
B ein g M ongolians, they are free from caste restraint.
N e x t to the
Buddhists are the Anim ists, or non-Buddhist spirit-worshipers ; then follow M oham
medans, Hindus, and Christians, the latter numbering about 150,000. T h e Burmans
are ardently devoted to the pursuit of pleasure, yet they are probably the most
literate of a l l. heathen peoples.
Th e Burma M ission was started in 1879 by Bishop Thoburn. then presiding
elder of the C alcutta D istrict. A church was organized with preaching in several
languages, and, later, the mission became the Burma D istrict of the B engal-Burm a
Conference. In February, 1901, it was organized by Bishop W a m e into the Burma
M ission Conference, in accordance with the action o f the General Conference o f
1900. N o considerable work was done am ong the Burmese people until 18S9 and
1890, and even for a decade thereafter there was little continuity o f effort, ow ing
to very frequent changes in the personnel o f the missionary staff. N o w ork is under
taken in Upper Burma, as the E nglish W esleyan M ethodist Mission occupies that
field. W ork is also carried on exten sively in Lower Burma by the A m erican Baptist
Foreign M ission Society, the Seventh D a y A d ventists, and to some exten t by the
Society for the Propagation o f the Gospel.
Rangoon
Rangoon (population, 289,000 in 19 11) is" the capital of Burma, situated on both
sides of the H lain g or Rangoon R iver, at the point of its junction with the Pegu
and Pazundaung streams, 21 miles from the sea. Th e greater part o f the city lies
along the east bank o f the river.
Rangoon • contains several handsome buildings.
It is famous for its carvers in wood and ivory, also for the beauty of its work in
silver.
T h e Shwe D agon Pagoda, situated here, is the most magnificent and most
sacred shrine of Buddhism.
Besides the M ethodist Episcopal Mission, the Society for the Propagation of the
Gospel, the Seventh D a y Adven tists, and the Am erican Baptist Foreign M ission
Society are at work in Rangoon.
M ission aries: R ev. W illard E . Graves (on furlough) and Mrs. G raves (on fur
lough), Rev. Clarence II. R iggs and Mrs. R iggs, Rev. Cyrus W . Severance and Mrs.
Severance.
W . F. M. S .: M isses Phoebe James (on furlough), R oxie M ellinger,
A lvin a Robinson (on furlough), V aleria Secor, M ary E. Shannon, and Grace L.
Stockw ell (on furlou gh). M arie W iegand.
In stitution s: A n glo -V ern acu lar B oys’ H igh School, Tam il School. W . F. M. S .:
Burmese G irls’ School, M ethodist G irls’ H igh School (E n glish ).
Pegu
*
P egu (population, 14,200 in 1901) is the headquarters o f the civil district o f the
same name in Low er Burma. It is situated 47 miles by rail northeast o f Rangoon.
In 1907 Pegu was connected with M oulmein by railroad. It was already on the main
line o f the Burma R ailw ay from Rangoon to M andalay. A line has been surveyed
from Pegu to Syriam . Pegu was form erly the capital of the kingdom o f that name,
and the M ethodist M ission house is built on the old fortifications of the city.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1895. M ission w ork was car
ried on by the B aptists in Burmese, and by the M ethodists in Burm ese, Chinese,
and Tam il.'
M ission aries: R ev. B enjam in M. Jones and Mrs. Jones.
In stitu tion : M ethodist Tam il School.
Syriam
Syriam is about 5 miles east o f Rangoon, on the east bank o f the P egu R iver
near its jun ction w ith the Rangoon R iver. It w as the old capital o f the Portuguese
90
Kingdom set up for a short time in Burma, centuries ago.
It is the seat o f the
refiners o f the Burma O il Company.
Governm ent has surveyed land for build
ings in Syriam, with the plan o f m aking it the headquarters of a civil district.
M ethodist Episcopal work was begun in Syriam in 1904.
M issionary: Rev. Irvin g M. Tynan.
In stitu tio n : B oys’ M iddle School.
Thandaung
Thandaung is in the Toungoo civil district o f Low er Burma, east-northeast of
the town o f Toungoo, which is 169 miles north of Rangoon. A motor stage connects
Thandaung with the railroad at Toungoo. Th e village is situated on a ridge about
4,500 feet above the sea.
Thandaung is a useful sanitarium for the residents of
Low er Burma.
It w as first opened as a M ethodist mission station by the transfer from Rangoon
o f the M ethodist Orphanage for European and Eurasian children in 1897.
M issionaries: W . F . M. S .: M isses Estelle M. Files, Charlotte J. Illingworth,
and Fannie A . Perkins.
In stitution s: W . F. M . S .: Coeducational H igh School and Orphanage.
Thongwa
Thon gw a (population, 3,200 in 1901) is situated near the G u lf o f
about 2 5 miles east of Rangoon.
M ethodist mission work was begun in 1901.
In stitu tio n s: Burmese B oys’ School, Burmese G irls’ School.
Martaban,
B U R M A M IS S IO N C O N F E R E N C E
B . M.
Jo n es,
Superintendent.
Definite progress lias marked the year under report, though there is no
startling increase in the number o f Christians.
T w o departments stand out— the educational w ork and the w ork among the
Chinese.
N early all our schools are crowded to capacity. O ur school system (except
the European G irls’ School) is only ten years old and we are just beginning to
get our own teachers from our own schools. H eretofore we have been indebted
to the Baptist M ission fo r our supply o f Christian teachers.
W hen once-equipped our schools invariably become self-supporting. A new
competitor has entered this field o f educational w ork— the Y o u n g M en’s Budd
hist A ssociation— and being an indigenous movement, it is fostered bjr the G overn
ment. W e cannot compete with them in equipment, but thus far have maintained
superiority because o f more skilled management, thorough supervision and
reliable teachers. I f we are to continue to surpass in educational w ork we must
fill up the vacancies ¿11 our missionary ranks more promptly than has been done
during the past two years.
T he Rangoon H igh School fo r Boys. T his school has 850 students enrolled.
There are 135 boys in residence. B y subscription o f teachers, alumni and stu
dents the school has raised a building fund o f $6,000. B ut before the projected
new structure so urgently needed can be erected an extension o f campus must
be made costing $5,000, and $10,000 more must be added to the present fund fo r
the building. The Government has promised a grant o f $13,000 tow ard this
work.
T he A nglo-V ern acular Schools fo r Girls. T he School at Deiku has seventy
girls enrolled. A t Syriam and T hon gw a the schools have an attendance o f 140
each, and the W om an’s Foreign M issionary Society have a coeducational high
school at Thandaung fo r European and Eurasian children,
T h e E n g l ish C h u r c h a t R angoo n , B u r m a
Burma
91
C h in ese and O th e r W o r k
T he Chinese w ork has justified the additional attention given it by the
appointment o f a missionary to give his whole time to it. T he church at R an
goon has doubled its membership and a school was opened at the beginning o f
1914 in Pegu. A building is in progress o f erection for the accommodation o f
this school ; also a chapel fo r the four congregations o f the town.
The Evangelistic w ork among the Burmese has been steadily carried on but
progress is slow. Unlike the Chinese the Burmese people have not yielded to
any great extent to the appeal of Christianity, though there are many encourag
ing signs that make us confident that the foundations o f the church are being
laid, especially in the lives o f the young people who are being trained in our
schools.
Our w ork also extends to the Telugu and Tam il people in Rangoon and
Pegu and among the Punjabi and Hindustani peoples. T he two last named
races are mostly Christians from India who are living in scattered groups
throughout our district. Indeed, the w ork among the immigrants com ing into
Burm a is a pressing responsibility. T he number of- immigrants from India and
China coming into the port o f Rangoon is so great that in thirty years the
population has trebled.
92
[1914
M a l a y s ia Co n f e r e n c e
T h e M alaysia C onference includes the Straits Settlem ents, the M alay Peninsula,
French Indo-China, Borneo, Celebes, Java, Sumatra, and the adjacen t islands (not
including' the Philippines) inhabited by the M alay race.
M alaysia is like a great
saucer into which the overflow o f C hin a and In dia is sending a continuous stream
o f immigration.
In the territory included within the lim its o f this Conference
there are 70,000,000 people o f m any races, including M alays, Javanese, M alayoSiamese, Chinese, Siam ese, D yaks, Arabs, Eurasians. Europeans, and others.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was commenced by the Rev. W illiam F.
Oldham, who arrived in Singapore in the spring of 1885. T h e M ission was organized
in April, 1889, and in April, 1893, the M alaysia M ission Conference was organized.
T h is M ission C onference became the M alaysia Annual Conference in 1902.
The
M ethodist Episcopal Church is the only Am erican organization at work in M alaysia.
Educational Work
W hile other missions o f Southern A sia are opening schools to follow up
their evangelistic w ork, M alaysia is evangelizing the people through educational
w ork. T h e natural increase o f the population o f these islands is about 500,000
a year, and about the same number o f immigrants each year come in from India
and China. V a st multitudes are already here, but there w ill be vastly more
within a few years. Each o f the great islands here w ill have a population equal
to that o f a large kingdom in Europe. Both the indigenous population and the
immigrants are poor and ignorant. But they will soon find themselves as men,
and shape themselves as nations. T hey are breaking aw ay from both the
social and the religious traditions o f the past. T he native population o f the
M alay race is Mohammedan and stagnant. Dominance w ill belong to the Indians
and the Chinese.
Methodism is to take her share in the form ing o f the civilization o f nations
soon to be born. T he leaders o f these future nations will come from the schools,
and the civilization w ill be Christian or non-Christian as the leaders make it.
A s a w orking start towards equipment fo r the m aking o f leaders the M alaysia
Mission has seventy schools. These may be classified as fo llo w s : F ifty-tw o day
schools, eighteen boarding schools, three Bible training schools, and one com
mercial school.
O f the eight thousand students in these schools, the m ajority are being
taught entirely in E n glish; though some o f the schools also teach Tam il, Malay,
Sundanese, H okkien, H inghwa, Foochow, and H akka. T he English schools take
the pupils through the gram m ar and high school grades. It is hoped that within
a few years the endowment w ill w arrant the opening o f a college. T hese schools
with their 250 teachers are almost wholly self-supporting.
T he Board o f Education, organized a year ago with J. R. Denyes as Secre
tary, has made very substantial advance in bringing these various schools into
uniform ity. Plans have been inaugurated fo r uniform records, finances, tex t
books, and scale o f sala ries; a teacher’s agency has been established, and arrange
ments are being made fo r an aggressive religious campaign.
S IN G A P O R E D I S T R IC T
Singapore D istrict includes the
wak, N orthw est Borneo. T h e island
end o f the M alay Peninsula. It has
apples, rubber, and various tropical
work on the island o f
o f Singapore is located
an area o f 206 square
fruits are produced on
Singapore and in Sara
at the extrem e southern
miles. Cocoanuts, pine
the island.
NO. 14
M A L A Y S IA
Longitude
100
r
East
from
lio J
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(French)
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C A L ^ M IA N E S '
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PALAWAN
10
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ia m a ji
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Padan
S IB E R im
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-
V« *>
Mt.Korinchi
MENT AWI
S IP O R A
ISLANDS
\
i^c
P A G l IS
CELEBE
Jiota Bai ote
. C. Pout!
'l a u t ; i .
\
\
P a re P ar
J a v a xS e a
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T e lo k ¡Beton
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KANG EAN
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P A TER N O S TER
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1+ **
CHURCH
MALAYSIA
Places w here M ethodist E piscopal
in red.
10
Distances in Nautical Miles
S in g a p o r e to Rangoon, 1,13 3 ; to Penang, 39 5;
\
\
to Palembang, 29 5; to Batavia, 5 3 2 ; to Sarawak
\
(Kuching), 4 1 7 ; to Pontianak, 348; to Bangkok,
\
100
200
300________ 400_______
805; to Hongkong, 1,440; Batavia to Padang, 526 ;
\
S c a le o f S t a t u t e M ile s
Sarawak to Labuan, 380 Naut. Miles.
Railroads:— Cable L in es: ------_____ THE MATTHEWS-NORTHRUP WORKS, BuW aiO, N Y.
L o n g it u d e
fro m
E ast
G reenw ich
120'
110
Malaysia
93
S in gap o re
Singapore (population, 259,578 in 1 9 1 1 ) , the capital of the Straits Settlem ents,
is located on the island of the same name off the extreme southern point of the'
M alay Peninsula, and is about 76 m iles north of the equator.
It is on the direct
route between India and C hira, and is a coaling station for steamers.
Singapore is
the chief emporium o f southeastern A sia, and the second port in th e -E a s t.
The
city o f Singapore is w ell built and has several fine buildings.
O f the population
about sixty per cent are Chinese.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1885. It is conducted in E n g
lish, M alay, Tam il, H okkien Chinese, H inghw a Chinese, H akka Chinese, and Foo
chow Chinese.
O ther Boards at work are the Society for the Propagation o f the Gospel, the
Presbyterian Church of England, the Plym outh Brethren, the Church o f England
Zenana M issionary Society, and the Seventh D ay A dventists.
M ission aries: Rev. A lb ert J. A’mery and Mrs. Am ery, Rev. W illiam T . Cherry
and Mrs. Cherry, Rev. John R. Denyes and Mrs. Denyes, M iss Loueze H awes
(contract), Miss M attie G. S tullin g (contract), Rev. H arry B. M ansell and Mrs.
M ansell, J. Stewart N agle (contract) and Mrs. N agle (contract), Rev. K in gsley E.
Pease (on furlough) and Mrs. Pease (on furlough). M iss H arriett C. Read (con
tract), Rev. W illiam G. Shellabear and Mrs. Shellabear (on furlou gh), Rev.
Benjam in F, V an D yke (on furlough) and Mrs. V an D yke (on furlou gh), Rev.
F loyd H. Sullivan and Mrs. Sullivan.
W . F M. S .: M isses Sophia Blackmore,
M innie B. C liff (on furlou gh), C. Ethel Jackson, M ary E. Olson (on furlou gh), and
M arianne Sutton (on furlough).
In stitu tio n s: A n glo-C hin ese School, Publishing House, Jean H am ilton T rain ing
School, A n glo -T a m il School.
W . F. M. S . : M ethodist G irls’ School, T e lo k A ye r
G irls’ School, B ible W om en’s T rain ing School, Deaconess Home.
'W . T .
C
h erry,
Superintendent
T he staff at the end o f the year numbered twenty-two missionaries, seven
native preachers and one Bible woman.
T he year has been one o f great visible results, not the fruit o f any special
time or place, but a steady ingathering throughout the year and in all our w ork.
Bishop J. E. Robinson conducted very helpful meetings in W esley Church dur
ing last Conference session ; Mr. H orley held an eight-days’ series o f meetings
amongst the Tam ils in November, and special services were held in the A ngloChinese School and Middle Road Church. In boarding schools, day schools and
churches the gospel has been kept to the front, and the aggregate result o f these
efforts is partly indicated in our report o f ninety-one baptisms, and an increase
o f eighteen probationers and forty-one full members. D aily religious exercises
have been regularly maintained in the Anglo-Chinese and other schools.
The suggestion o f last Conference that church attendance be required of
the boys in our boarding schools became effective without the slightest difficulty,
except that the church is too small to accommodate them, so we have had to
continue the Sunday school at Oldham H all as well as at the church. There
has been a fine religious spirit amongst the boarding school boys, who have
maintained a Saturday morning meeting o f their own, “ chaperoned” by Mrs.
Zinn.
S u n d a y S ch o o l W o r k
T he usual Chinese idea o f a Sunday school has b een .a preaching service
conducted by the native preacher just before the regular preaching service,
and differing from it only in name, or by the omission o f the collection, or by
not commencing on time. If women or children came, they were served like
the men out o f the same wooden spoon o f uniform impartiality. T o some extent,
two facts— the absence o f any but men, and the paucity o f teachers— have been
the parents o f this style o f Sunday school. But having outgrown these two
94
facts in most o f our Singapore work, we determined to have graded schools
this yea r. A s a beginning we separated the men into two classes— those who
could read and those who could not.
W omen and children w ere also
classified. F o r the first year the results have been most gratifying. A t T elok
A yer, we have had eleven classes, and occasionally over 100 present, the women
and children outnumbering the men. A t Gelang the Sunday school includes
from twenty to thirty children, and in the other churches, women and children
have appeared where form erly none attended.
T he English and Baba Sunday schools use the Graded Lessons published
by the Methodist B ook Concern; the Tam ils procure their supplies from our
Publishing H ouse in M adras; and the Chinese use the Graded International
Lesson Helps issued by the Sunday School Union in China.
W esley and the Baba M alay Sunday schools have cradle roll departments.
A strongly sustained Sunday school has been maintained in the A n gloChinese School and another has recently been started in the Sirangoon English
School.
W e report two chapters o f the Epw orth League, the Baba and the Tam il,
enrolling seventy-eight and fifty-tw o members respectively.
T h e Chinese
Churches have not the material fo r League organization.
T h e C h u rch es
W esley Church has gained in membership, in adherents, and in finances.
T he Official Board consented to try the envelope system, and the result is the
addition o f $500 to their income from subscriptions and collections. W ith
the departure o f the regiment to the w ar, our chaplaincy income fell almost to
zero, but the pastor has made good the loss by teaching. T h e Sunday school has
recently reached the highest attendance fo r some years, and a boys’ guild, known
as “K nights o f the H oly G rail” has been organized.
T he T am il W o rk is under the missionary oversight o f the pastor o f W esley
Church. M r. K ovilpillai came from India a year ago to be T am il pastor. The
church has made long strides toward self-support. A Ceylon custom known as
an “ Ingathering Service” was observed during the year. It corresponds closely
to the H arvest Hom e Festival in A m erica, and the thank-oifering feature brought
many dollars into the treasury. Services have been maintained at Johore Bharu,
the adherents there paying the railw ay fare o f the visiting w orker. M r. Supremaniam, who entered Conference last year and continues teaching in the A ngloChinese School, has been a pillar o f strength to the T am il Church. Services are
held in the Short Street G irls’ School, but this congregation m arkedly needs a
place o f worship, and a building fund has been started. T he total amount o f
money raised fo r all purposes is $941 as against $451 last year.
Baba M alay (M iddle R oad) Church. Goh H ood Keng, who teaches in the
A nglo-Chinese School, and who appears at thi« Conference fo r local orders, has
done the fu ll w ork o f M alay speaking pastor, taking the Sunday morning serv
ices. M r. W ells, in addition to his duties as principal o f the boarding school,*
has taken the Sunday evening services in English. T h e Church is essentially a
students’ church, the pupils from the boys’ and girls' boarding schools taxing
its seating capacity to the limit, and yet it enrolls many members who know no
English and are not students. These, notably on the women’s side, have been the
especial care o f M rs. Denyes this year, M iss Blackm ore having been on furlough.
H ow to keep English from excluding the indispensable M alay language; the
M alaysia
transient but highly potential student from crow ding out the staid householder
and his n on ya; how to get the increasingly large congregations into a small and
decreasingly suitable chapel, whose cement floor upheaves as if in protest against
its overload, and whose walls are cracked in their efforts to embrace the over
flow— these all are unanswered questions. Clearly we face the need here also o f a
new church and it should be o f the institutional type. This church reports three
Sunday schools, including one in Oldham H all and one in the A nglo-Chinese
Schocrl. It enrolls a number o f members in the Leper Hospital fo r Women,
where Miss Hem ingway holds a service each Sunday. T h e church record shows
heavy losses through the removal o f students who return to homes in places
where there are no churches or missionaries, so that in spite o f the enrollment
this year o f thirty-eight probationers there is nevertheless a net decrease in mem
bership o f one. I f our Alethodist Mission were spared the losses it incurs from
this one cause, we would by this time have thousands in Singapore where we
have only hundreds.
Chinese Churches
These are five in n um ber: Hakka, Hinghwa, Foochow, and tw o Hokkien.
The first three share the Middle Road Church with the Baba congregation; the
Hokkien services are held at T elok A yer, in the heart o f the city, and at Gelang,
in the suburbs.
Upon the outbreak o f the war, Government offered free deck passage to
China to all Chinese who cared to go, and forbade the immigration o f deck pas
sengers. The large exodus that followed has noticeably affected those churches
wdiose congregations include considerable numbers of coolies; the Foochow
Church reports a decrease o f one member and one probationer; Gelang has
neither gained nor lo st; T elok A ye r gained fifteen members but lost fourteen
probationers. On the other hand, the H akka Church leads the district in mem
bership gains, and with W esley Church second, the Tam il third, and the splendid
list o f probationers received at Middle Road, we cover all our losses and show a
net gain fo r the district o f eighteen probationers and forty-one members, or
ten and one h alf per cent. In baptisms, the increase is thirty-four per cent.
The Schools
T he Boarding Schools. Oldham H all and Nind Home are boarding schools
fo r boys and girls respectively. Oldham H all has been obliged to refuse many
applicants on account o f lack o f funds to support the pupils. This lack is due
to the war. The Nind Home D ay School has been maintained throughout the
year.
T he Short Street School (M ethodist G irls’ Sch ool)— enrollment, 318— passed
twenty-one out o f twenty-five pupils presented in the Fourth Standard, and one
o f the two presented in Standard Seven. S ix girls took the Prelim inary Cam
bridge, and six,to ok the Junior; the results are not yet known. T h ere are two
in the Junior and six in the Senior this year. Last year’s Senior had three
girls (only one o f whom finished the y ea r), and we entered them at Raffles G irls’
School ow ing to the impossibility o f handling the class without great expense.
T his school is at its w its’ end to accommodate its pupils, the verandas and
playground being used as recitation rooms. H ow the Cambridge classes can
recite in the same room in which piano lessons are being given is a mystery.
Fairfield School. Enrollment, 300. In the Fourth Standard, eight out o f
96
Foreign. Missions Report
nine passed. T h e Inspector’s report is satisfactory, also L ady E velyn ’s report on
needlework. M iss H olm berg gave much appreciated aid until the arrival o f
M iss W ebster, whose w ork in the prim ary is o f the highest order.
T he A nglo-Chinese School refuses to stop gro w in g; the enrollment being
i j477j and the average daily attendance 1,406, or ninety-seven more than last
year. In addition to this, the commercial school enrolled forty-nine pupils, with
an average daily attendance o f nineteen or seven more than last year. In the
Standard Seven examination this school secured the highest percentage o f
passes in the Straits Settlements and Federated M alay States. O f fifty-eight
boys presented, one secured a first-class pass, and thirty-seven a second-class
pass, and seven others were promoted. In Standard Four, o f 139 presented 133
passed, and o f these 106 were clear passes. T he credit assigned fo r such results
must include the high grade w ork o f the low er elementary supervisors fo r
some seven years past. T his year’s Junior Cam bridge class is the largest we
have yet had— thirty pupils.
t
A t the beginning o f the year M r. N agle began a Post-Cambridge Class which
had fo u r pupils throughout the year, and enters upon its second year with eleven
on the roll. T he class is now being prepared to take the London M atriculation
Exam ination in June, 1916.
T he Oldham L iterary Society meets F riday evenings in the D rill H all. A
feature o f its syllabus has been the course o f public lectures given by eminent
local gentlemen, whose contribution to our educational w ork deserves this special
mention. T h e school w ill shortly install a physical laboratory apparatus selected
by Dr. Mohler, o f Dickinson College.
Sirangoon E nglish School is under the direct control o f the A nglo-Chinese
School. T he average daily attendance shows a gain o f fifty. Standard Four
has been transferred to the A nglo-Chinese School. M rs. Denyes supervised
this school fo r a considerable part o f the year. T he Seventh D ay A dventists
have opened a day school ju st across the road at a reduced fee.
T he “K o n g H an ” Chinese School is maintained unaided by the Hinghwa
Chinese Church M ission or Government, but they are a poor congregation, and
find the school budget o f nearly $500 to be more than they are equal to. This
includes the rent o f a room that is used by the H inghwa men as a week-night
m eeting place.
T h e Bible W om an’s T rainin g School has had a year o f steady and effective
w ork with no exciting features like Government Inspections or phenomenal
enrollments. T h e students o f both the Chinese and English departments, ten
in number, have given substantial help in the local church and Sunday school
w ork. T h is school w ill ask the Conference fo r a share o f the annual educational
collection.
Self-support
T he Churches surpassed all previous records fo r self-support. W esley
Church raised $4,920 (including parsonages valued at $60 per month) ; Baba
M alay Church, $1,350; T am il Church, $941; T elo k A y e r Chinese Church, $322;
Gelang, $135; Foochow, $132; Hinghwa, $130; Hakka, $162; Total, $8,092, or
$4 for every dollar from the Board o f Foreign Missions. T he Press and boys’
schools are wholly self-supporting, and 110 m issionary’s salary is paid by the
Board. In addition to the above figures, the day schools and P ress contributed
$400 to W a r R elief Funds. The girls’ schools are not so far advanced in, self-
S chool
B ovs
B u y in o
S wkkts
at
O m m ia m
H a i .i ,
Malaysia
1914]
97
support, but o f the income o f Short Street School less than two and one h alf
per cent was m issionary money, and o f Fairfield School about one fourth. T he
Publishing H ouse has paid off $30,000 o f its debt.
Oldham H all has erected a pavilion on the athletic ground at an expense
o f $1,400, which is the only building extension w orth mentioning.
Gelang church has the land paid fo r and $1,200 in hand tow ard a church
building. T elo k A y e r site needs $1,500 to clear its debt. T he T am il and Baba
churches have each made deposits o f about $200 towards building funds.
FEDERATED
M ALAY
S T A T E S D IS T R IC T
Federated M alay States D istrict includes the w ork in the states o f Pahang,
Perak, Selangor, N egri Sem bilan, and the territory o f M alacca. A ll o f the m ission
centers in this district are on the w est coast o f the M alay Peninsula. T h e district
includes a territory o f 27,000 square miles.
Th e country is m ountainous in the
center, and alon g the slopes o f the mountains are luxuriant tropical forests.
In
the valleys are va st deposits o f tin ore, the largest that have ye t been found. B e
sides there are gold, silver, lead, iron, and copper.
T h ere is a large and everincreasing foreign population in the Federated M alay States (principally Chin ese),
but Tam ils from South In d ia and Ceylon are com ing in large numbers.
Ipoh
Ipoh (population, 15,000) is located in the state o f Perak. It is the com m ercial
center o f the richest tin-m ining district in the world. N ear the town are exten sive
quarries o f excellen t marble. T h ere are large rubber estates in the neighborhood.
M ethodist Episcopal m ission w ork was begun in 1895. N o other m ission boards
are at w ork here.
M ission aries: R ev. W illiam E . H orley and M rs.. H o rley ; contract teachers
Cassius R. Zimm erm an, M rs. Zimmerman, and M iss A m y Zimmerman.
In stitu tion s: A n glo-C hin ese School. W . F . M. S .: G irls’ School.
Kuala Lumpur
K uala Lum pur (population, 30,000), the capital o f the Federated M alay States,
is one o f the most im portant business centers on the M alay Peninsula, h avin g rail
w ays running out o f the city in four directions, thus giv in g it easy access to a
number o f important and grow ing towns.
M ore than h a lf o f the population is
Chinese, the rem ainder being principally Tam ils and M alays.
M ethodist E piscopal mission w ork w as begun in 1897.
T h e S ociety for the
Propagation o f the Gospel has a m ission here.
M ission aries: R ev. Preston L. Peach, Mr. Lester Proebstel.
W . F . M. S .:
M isses Luella Anderson (on furlou gh), M abel Marsh, M innie L. Rank, and H etta
A . W heeler.
In stitu tion s: M ethodist B oys’ School.
W . F . M. S . : G irls’ School ( E n g lis h ),
Boarding School and Orphanage.
Taiping
Taipin g, the capital o f the state o f Perak, is on the w est coast o f the M alay
Peninsula, h alfw ay between P en an g and Ipoh on the main line o f the railw ay.
N o other mission boards are at w ork here.
M issionary: W . F . M. S .: M iss T h irza E . Buncg (on furlough).
In stitu tio n : W . F. M. S . : D eaconess Hom e and G irls’ School.
No report.
W. E. H orley , Superintendent
T A M IL
D I S T R IC T
(Federated Malay Settlements)
S a m u e l A b r a h a m , Superintendent
Tamil District, the youngest of all the six districts of the Malaysia Con
ference, was organized during 1913, by Bishop J. E. Robinson. It has seven
98
[1914
Q uarterly Conferences. The w ork is am ong the Tam ils who come from Ceylon
and India. H undreds are engaged as Government clerks and thousands are
employed on the rubber estates and in the railroad departments as laborers.
T am il district has eighteen workers, eight o f whom give their services w ith
out pay. T hese men all do a splendid w ork. T he amount raised by the natives
during the year fo r the support o f the ministry was $2,500 (Straits m oney).
T his sum would have been much greater had it not been fo r the general busi
ness depression caused by the war.
M ost o f our people are advancing in civilization, give generously and conduct
themselves in the face o f opposition in true Christian-like manner. M any nonChristians follow our ways. O ur institutions are under the English district.
T here are five Sunday schools, two Epworth Leagues (Chinese and T am il com
bined), and one Ladies’ A id Society under the able management o f Miss A .
W heeler o f the W om an’s F oreign M issionary Society.
PEN ANG
D IS T R IC T
P enang D istrict includes the island o f P enang and the neighboring mainland
called P rovin ce W ellesley and the west coast o f the peninsula up to the Burman
frontier, including the M alay and Siamese states. T h e ch ief products are cocoanuts,
rubber, and tin.
Penang
Pen an g (population, 100,986 in 1 9 11) is located on an island o f the same name
off the w est coast o f the M alay Peninsula on the Strait of M alacca. T h e population
is made up o f Chinese, Tam ils, and M alays, the Chinese com posing about sixty
per cent.
T h e Chinese are enterprising and thrifty, and make the best business
men. T h e T a m ils are n ext to the Chinese in industry and w ealth, the M alays being
obliged to fill the more humble positions.
M ethodist m ission work was begun in 1891. O ther Boards at w ork in Penang
are the Society fo r the Propagation o f the Gospel and the Plym outh Brethren.
M ission aries: Mr. E arl R. Hibbard (contract) and Mrs. H ibbard (contract),
R ev. G eorge F. P yk e tt (on furlough) and Mrs. P ykett (on furlough). W . F. M. S .:
M isses Jessie Brooks, Clara M artin, and O live V a il.
In stitution s: A n glo -T a m il School, A n glo -C hin ese School. W . F . M. S .: A n glo Chinese G irls’ School, A lexa n d ra Hom e fo r Destitute W om en, D eaconess Home.
J. R.
D
enyes,
Superintendent
In d ia ’s O p p o rtu n ity
L ast year 118,000 British Indians came in through the port o f Penang. M ost
o f these w ere Tam il coolies seeking w ork on the rubber estates. T his stream o f
“ A ry an brow n” flows southward over the M alay Peninsula and mingles with
the stream o f Chinese which finds its w ay northw ard from the port o f Singapore,
240,000 a year. Seventy thousand o f these Indians returned through Penang to
India, with enough money in t f c ir pockets to buy a little farm or to open a shop.
T h ey went to tell their tribesmen the story o f free transportation, free doctors
and medicine, tw o square meals a day, and four times the w ages they could get
at home. T h ey w ill tell o f a land w here the low caste man is as good as his
neighbor, where his children can be educated in English and can rise to almost
any position in governm ent or private service. T his is the land o f promise fo r
the Indian and th e Chinese. Penang is the northern gatew ay o f what w ill soon
be a great Indo-Chinese empire. T he population is already increasing at the rate
o f nearly h alf a million a year.
T h e outstanding feature o f the religious w ork o f the year is the beginning
o f a definite plan o f concentration o f the evangelistic forces upon the school
1914]
Malaysia
99
constituencies. H eretofore the strength o f the A siatic w orkers has been devoted
to the transient immigrant class, while the missionaries have devoted themselves
largely to the boys and girls in the schools. T he coolies have been won in
small numbers, but they have passed on to the estates where w e had no w ork
and been lost to the church. The students have become interested, but they
were too young to take an independent stand, and they have not been gathered
into the church. It must be borne in mind that with the exception o f one
W om an’s Foreign M issionary Society lady, the w ife o f one missionary, and
one Chinese preacher, the whole o f the religious w ork o f the district has been
done by those who are giving full time to school w ork. School w ork in
Am erican July weather does not leave much strength to do evangelistic w ork.
In the Anglo-Chinese B oys’ School of Penang the Y o u n g M en’s Christian
Association, the Boy Scouts, the Cadets, and the Sunday school, have all been
pressing an active campaign, and twenty-five young men o f the upper classes have
united with the church. D uring the vacation twenty-five o f the boys were taken
to the sea-side fo r five days, where a summer school was conducted, modeled
a fter the Youn g Men’s Christian Association summer camps o f Am erica.
Educational Work
O f the nine English day schools on the district five, with their 1,700 pupils
and fifty-five teachers, are entirely self-supporting. Three o f the other four
ought to become wholly self-supporting within another year. A t Kulim the
school which was abandoned some few years ago has been reopened with
good prospects. T he w ar stopped a building campaign at Bukit M ertajam .
A t the beginning o f the year the Anglo-Chinese Boys’ School at Penang con
verted eight shop-houses into class rooms and these are already practically filled.
T he enrollment has risen to 1,350 boys. T he boys’ boarding school has suffered
from the financial depression resulting from the war.
One Chinese lad who had been awarded a scholarship o f a thousand dollars ‘
(M exican ) a year fo r five years in the H ong K ong University, resigned the
scholarship in order to become baptized as a Christian. No Christian is allowed
to hold the scholarship. A week of special meetings were held in the school
and about thirty took a stand, though not all have yet been permitted by their
parents to join the church. A t intervals a group o f the young men go out under
the leadership o f a missionary to distribute tracts and sell Bible portions. R e
cently a group o f seventeen went to a town twelve miles aw ay on F riday a fte r
noon and canvassed the town and held meetings on the streets and in the schoolhouse until M onday morning. A ll paid their own way. T hey slept on the floor
o f the schoolhouse and ate what they could get from street peddlers. A t least
ten o f these young men are planning to give their lives to the w ork o f teaching
or preaching. E very church on the district is planning to make the E very
Member Canvass before Conference.
A New Venture
A t N ibong Tebal we have entered upon a new venture. T he Government
has ordered the estates to provide vernacular schools fo r the children o f their
coolies. One company having six large estates opened a Tam il vernacular school.
D uring the year an arrangement was made with the management o f the estate
by which our mission will superintend this school and the estate w ill pay the
expenses. I f this arrangement proves satisfactory, it is probable that within
ioo
[I9 I4
a year or two we w ill be able to considerably extend the scope o i our w ork
among the immigrants from India.
M A L A C C A -S A R A W A K D IS T R IC T
Malacca
M alacca (population, 21,213 in 19 11) is situated on the Strait o f M alacca and
is a British free port. T h e population is made up o f M alays and Chinese.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1897. T h e Church o f England
has a m edical mission here for M alay women.
M ission aries: W . F. M. S .: M isses A d a Pugh, Ruth E . A tkin s.
Foreign W o r k e r: R ev. A bel Eklund (on furlough).
In stitu tion s: A n glo -C hin ese B oys’ School. W. F. M. S .: W om an ’s School, G irls’
School.
*
Sarawak
Saraw ak is an independent state of N orthw est Borneo governed by an English
“ R a ja .” T h e M ethodist Episcopal M ission is on the R ejan g R iver, near the town
of Sibu.
M ethodist Episcopal M ission work w as begun in 1902. T h e Society for
the Propagation o f the Gospel has work in Saraw ak on the K uching, Batang, Lupar,
Lundu, and oth er rivers.
Sibu
Sibu is a small tow n in Saraw ak, on the R ejan g R iver, 70 miles from its mouth.
M ission aries: R ev. Charles E . D a vis and Mrs. D avis, R ev. Jam es M. H oover
(on furlough) and Mrs. H oover (on furlough).
In stitu tion s: Industrial School for Boys, G irls’ Boarding School.
Sitiawan
Sitiaw an is a small village in the state o f Perak on the west coast o f the M alay
Peninsula.
W ith the assistance o f the governm ent, some 300 Christian Chinese
were brought to this place from Foochow by -Dr. Luering in the year 1905, to form
an agricultural colony, the land being given by governm ent on favorable terms.
M an y o f these Chinese planted P ara rubber, and w ill shortly be v e ry prosperous.
Subsequently large rubber estates were opened near Sitiaw an by European planters.
M ission aries: Mr. Charles E . D raper and Mrs. Draper.
In stitu tio n : B oys’ Orphanage.
W . G.
S h ellabear,
Superintendent
T he past year has been remarkable on this district fo r a distinct advance
both in educational and evangelistic w ork.
Malacca
M alacca has been under European influence since the year 1509, but until
our first missionaries went there in 1904, the Rornan Catholics had had the field
almost to themselves. Consequently it has been very difficult fo r Methodism to
force an entrance. A fte r years o f patient toil, we now have a fine church build
ing, a girls’ day and boarding school and a grow ing school fo r boys. T h e
Chinese head teacher o f the boys’ school is doing good w ork and the attendance
and general efficiency are steadily increasing, but a m issionary leader is greatly
needed fo r the w ork among the men and boys, and especially am ong the M alay
speaking Chinese, who are the most influential class among the native popula
tion. A n encouraging feature o f the w ork is that this year fo r the first time
w e are employing as a teacher a girl who is a product o f the M alacca g irls’
school. H er education was completed at K uala Lumpur. T h e Government in
spector a fte r seeing her w ork remarked that if the M ission had done nothing
Malaysia
101
more in M alacca than to educate this one girl it was enough to ju s tify its
existence.
Services are held each Sabbath in English, M alay and Chinese. T he Chinese
congregation is by far the largest and is making the most rapid growth. The
Chinese pastor was moved to Singapore at Conference time, to my great regret,
as he was doing good work, but his successor has proved equally successful,
and at my last visit I found the largest Chinese congregation that I have ever
seen at Malacca. It is particularly gratifyin g to notice the large proportion o f
Chinese women in church— largely the result of the good w ork which is being
done by M iss Pugh o f the W om an’s Foreign M issionary Society.
Serem ban
Seremban is the capital o f one of the M alay N ative States, and is an
important and rapidly grow ing town. A Methodist church was built here about
ten years ago, but we have never had a missionary who could be spared to w ork
in this State, and the Chinese and Tam il congregations have been served by
native preachers, who for the most part have been men o f little education and
with no standing in the community. F o r the past twelve months we have been
fortunate in having a very promising young Chinese preacher, who has had a
good education in China and is winning his w ay among the people. W e have also
been greatly helped by an English local preacher, Mr. Bailey, who has returned
to Seremban after an absence o f two years, and through whose influence the
entire Chinese community o f Seremban has become interested in a proposal to
establish a new school under the auspices o f our Mission. A s already stated,
the people have promised to erect a building at a cost o f $10,000 and the State
has given a splendid site for the purpose and will move our church to the new
location. O w ing to the w ar it has been found impossible at present to do more
than make a beginning towards the collection o f the money, but we have every
reason to expect that the building scheme w ill be proceeded with next year. T he
school w ill be self-supporting like all our other schools, and w ill enable us ere
long to place a m issionary teacher here who w ill give a great impetus to all our
w ork. T here are a number o f smaller towns in the neighborhood where branch
schools ought to be established, which could be supervised by the m issionary at
Seremban. T here is no other Protestant mission w orking in this state.
Sarawak
Our Saraw ak colony in Borneo has proved to be to the Foochow settlers
even more than Sitiawan, a veritable promised land, as fa r as m aterial pros
perity is concerned. Those who in China, before they came to us, had never
known anything but poverty, are now not only living in plenty, but are sending
large sums o f money back to their relations in China. T hrough the post office
alone thousands o f dollars are sent to China every year, and hundreds o f settlers
are continually arriving, who hope in their turn to be able to get rich and to
give all their relatives a start in life. A large proportion o f the original settlers
were Christians. Latterly, however, great numbers o f non-Christians have come,
both to take up land and also to w ork as laborers. O ur churches are only just
beginning to realize their responsibility fo r winning these newcomers, who for
the most part have left their idols in China and find themselves in a land where
Christianity is practically the only religion o f the Chinese. A series o f meetings
held by M r. C E. D avis in each o f our village churches in the fall o f 1913
102
[1914
stirred many Christians to seek fu ll salvation fo r themselves and to w ork fo r
others. Hundreds signed a pledge to abstain from opium, gambling, and
tobacco. T h e last meetings were held in the town o f Sibu and resulted in a
gracious revival, which stirred the whole town, so that hundreds o f non-Chris
tians attended the meetings and many confessed their sins and sought pardon
at the altar. Sim ilar meetings were held in M ay and June o f this year, and
again there were p o w erful m anifestations o f the presence o f God. A t the D is
trict Conference held in the new Industrial School (E ly H a ll), when Bishop
Eveland visited Sarawak, there was a deep spiritual movement am ong the
preachers and official members as well as among the school boys. Fine w ork is
being done in the girls’ boarding school as w ell as in the industrial, and the six
vernacular village schools are doing good preparatory w ork fo r both boys and
girls. Rev. J. M. H oover and M rs. H oover, who have been absent on furlough
for the past sixteen months, have just returned, and their presence w ill relieve
Mr. D avis o f much responsibility and the general management o f the churches,
and will enable him to devote more time to the development o f the important
industrial school enterprises fo r which the R aja ha« given us 250 acres of
valuable agricultural land. O ur Chinese people are beginning to realize their
responsibility fo r supporting the local churches and spreading the Gospel among
their heathen neighbors, and we must do everything we can to encourage them
along these lines.
S itiaw a n
A t Sitiaw an, Perak, the M ission has assisted the native church in initiating
an improved system o f vernacular education; at Seremban the Chinese com
munity has offered us $10,000 to erect a school building, fo r which the G overn
ment has given us a seven acre site close to the to w n ; in Sarawak, Borneo, the
new industrial school at B ukit Lan has been opened under most encouraging
auspices, and, best o f all, there have been gracious revivals among our Chinese
people, as the result o f meetings held in all the Saraw ak churches.
The vast m ajority o f the church members on this district are Chinese from
Foochow, many o f whom were Christians before they came from China. Some
hundreds came to settle on land at Sitiawan, which had been set apart fo r them
by the Government o f Perak, on the M alay Peninsula; and a much larger number
came to far-aw ay Borneo, w here the R a ja o f Saraw ak gave them 15 miles o f
river front, and as much land back from the river as they cared to take. A t
these two places there are now thousands o f Foochow Chinese, o f whom more
than 1,100 adults are enrolled on our books. F o r the education o f the children,
both at Sitiaw an and in Borneo, we have a number o f village schools taught in
the vernacular, and also at each place an industrial school under the supervision
o f a missionary, w here it is our purpose to teach improved methods o f agricul
ture and useful trades, as w ell as to prepare those lads who show special ability
fo r further training in our advanced schools.
T he Industrial School at Sitiaw an has 50 acres o f land, more than h a lf o f
which has been planted with rubber and cocoanuts. T h e rubber trees w ill soon
provide for the support o f a number o f boys. T he trees are tapped each morning
by the older boys before school begins, and a fte r school in the afternoon the
scrap rubber has to be collected. A t present the school in charge o f M r. and
M rs. C. E. D raper has thirteen boarders, but the attendance at the day school is
pver forty. T h is year the M ission promised to provide school equipment and
Malaysia
103
part of the salary o f the teachers if the people would erect village schools which
should be under the control of the Q uarterly Conference. T h e result o f this
arrangement has been that four new vernacular schools have been started, and
the buildings erected will be available fo r holding prayer meetings and services
for those who are unable to walk the long distances to church. T he church Sun
day school has made considerable growth the past year, especially the infant
classes, which were removed from the church to the industrial school building,
and have been under the efficient superintendence o f M rs. Draper. T he Chinese
pastor, Rev. H uong Pau Seng, member o f Foochow Conference, who has been
with us for two and a half years, can speak three o f the Chinese dialects, and is
a most valuable w orker.
!
N E T H E R L A N D S IN D IE S D IS T R IC T
Netherlands Indies D istrict (population, 39,000,000) includes the w ork in D utch
Borneo, Java, and Sumatra.
Borneo contains 288,000 square miles and is one of
the largest islands on the globe. T h e interior is densely wooded and but partially
explored. It has a population o f about 2,000,000, made up o f Dyaks, M alays, Java
nese, Arabs, and Chinese.
Java is about the size o f Ohio, 50,000 square miles,
and has a population o f 32,000,000, made up o f Javanese, Sundanese, M alays,
Chinese, Arabs, and Europeans. In Java there are 1,500 miles o f railroads. T e le
graphs and telephones connect all the larger towns. Java produces yearly 40,000,000
pounds o f t i n ; 3,000,000 gallons of p etroleum ; 5,000 pounds o f g o ld ; 28,000 pounds
o f silve r; 1,000 carats diam onds; 3,100,000,000 pounds of sugar; 35,650,000 pounds
of c o ffe e ; 22,500,000 pounds Peruvian b a r k ; 92,000,000 pounds of to b a c co ; 28,000,000 pounds of te a ; and 3,200,000 pounds of cocoa. T h e natives cultivate 2,858,000
acres of rice.
Sum atra has an area o f 167,563 square miles and a population of
more than 3,000,000. M ost o f the people are o f the M alayan race.
Sumatra, Java, and two thirds o f Borneo are under the Dutch government. A ll
the native peoples are Mohammedans, except the w ild tribes of the interior o f
Borneo and Sumatra. These are heathen.
Various D utch and German societies have work in these and the other islands
of N etherlands India.
In Java 20,000 Mohammedans have become Christians.
In
north central Sumatra 100,000 Battaks have enrolled them selves as Christians.
Seventy-five years ago they were cannibals.
In Celebes, Ambon, and other islands
more than 150,000 more have turned aw ay from heathenism to Christ. A t the same
tim e 10,000 Moham m edans each year return from their pilgrim age to M ecca as
zealous self-supporting propagators o f Islamism.
Batavia (Java)
B atavia (population, 140,000), the capital o f the D utch Indies, is situated on the
north coast o f Java, near the western end o f the island.
T h e population is made
up o f natives, Chinese, Arabs, and Europeans.
M ethodist Episcopal mission w ork was begun in 1905. O n the B atavia Circu it
are three city churches, and four out-stations, and three schools. Services are con
ducted in E nglish, Dutch, M alay, and Chinese.
M issionaries: R ev. A . H. Fisher, Rev. Charles M. W orthington. W . F . M. S .:
M iss E. N aom i R uth (on furlough).
Buitenzorg
Buitenzorg (population, 30,000) is located thirty-five miles south o f B a ta v ia ; at
this place are the residence o f the governor-general and the finest botanical garden
in the East.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun here in 1905. T h ere are a M alay
speaking Chinese church, and English, M alay, and Chinese schools in the city. There
are also five out-stations.
M ission aries: R ev. Burr J. Baughman (on furlough) and Mrs. Baughm an (on
furlough). W . F. M. S .: M isses H ilda Holm berg, Pauline Stefanski.
Foreign W o rk er: Mr. R. L. Archer.
Banka
M issionary: Mr. M ark Freeman.
104
[1914
Medan (Sumatra)
M ethodist m ission w ork w as begun at M edan in 1912.
M ission ary: R ev. W illiam T . W ard.
In stitu tion : A n glo -C hin ese School.
Soerabaya
Soerabaya (population, 151,000) is at the east end o f the island o f Java.
Its
population is made up o f Javanese, M adurese, Chinese, Arabs, and Europeans. T h is
is the principal trading center o f N etherlands India, and it is rapidly growing.
It
is 600 m iles from B atavia, but it is connected by railw ay, telegraph, and telephone.
It is on the main route from A u stralia to China.
M ethodist E piscopal m ission w ork was begun in 1909.
T h ere are a H okkien
Chinese Church and an A n glo -C hin ese school.
M issionaries: R ev. H arry C. B ow er and Mrs. Bower.
Tjisaroea
T jisaro ea is a great coffee, tea, and cinchona estate in the interior o f Java,
about fifteen miles southeast o f Buitenzorg. It is in the m idst o f a thickly populated
farm in g country. T h e people are Sundanese.
T h ere are now two
M ohamm edan schools and three preaching places.
M ission aries: R ev. Charles S. Buchanan and Mrs. Buchanan.
C. S. B u c h a n a n , Superintendent
This district covers all Java, 50,000 square m iles; Sum atra, 188,000 square
m iles; W est Borneo, 75,000 square miles, and the smaller island o f Banka, terri
tory equal to fu lly 200,000 square miles, or about the size o f the fo u r states o f
Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan. In Java our farthest station is one and
a h alf day’ s journ ey by rail. T h e nearest point o f Borneo is reached after
usually three days’ steam, while the northernmost point o f Sum atra, far beyond
Singapore, takes fo u r days, if no time is lost at Singapore in transfer o f ships.
Banka, though quite near, because o f the amount o f coasting and shore trading,
takes three days to reach the place where our w ork is.
M any things are w ell with us, but illness and breakdowns, culm inating in
the death o f one gro w in gly efficient w orker, Rev. B. O. W ilco x , o f W est Borneo,
have kept the courage o f the superintendent almost at the breaking point.
F o r two years health reasons kept my predecessor o ff the field, in the meantime
we lost the Rev. B. J. Baughm an and M rs. Baughman, who returned to the
homeland on furlough, w here M r. Baughm an remains fo r study. T he loss o f
these men’s services fo r so long is an irreparable injury.
O f course, we have not properly occupied this territory. Borneo w as first
opened up by the Singapore district and N orth Sum atra w ork by the Penang
district, and then when the Java field w as made a separate district these islands
o f Sum atra and Borneo were given to what then w as called the Netherlands
Indies district, as one in close relation with the Dutch Government could more
easily manage the many questions between us and the Government. O f these
the laws o f the Netherlands Indies make many. T his w as necessary then fo r
administrative purposes, though these places are much nearer Singapore and
Penang.
W e have been deprived o f the opportunity o f filling these places, and the
w ork that m ight have been by others equally supported fro m the appropriations,
has had to be undertaken by men earning all their support on the field. In the
British end o f this Conference our school w ork is heavily subsidized by the
Government, but here in this Dutch territory no such subsidy is enjoyed. T o
Malaysia^
earn one’s livelihood at school w ork and look a fter mission w ork sufficient fo r
one man (and even, in places, fo r two, or at least capable o f early development
to two or three men’s w ork) is no small undertaking. A n d any man who w orks
at such a job, month in and month out, has in him the true elements o f the hero.
Such have been most o f our men on this district.
Buitenzorg
A t Buitenzorg, M r. R. L. A rch er is in charge o f a boarding school o f fortyfive boys; a day school o f 130 boys and girls, fo r whom he has but two assistant
teachers; a church in the Chinese town and five other church schools. F o r these
latter he has young men who have recently finished our training school. O ur
training school is situated at Buitenzorg and is also in M r. A rch er’s charge.
T he boarding school is now self-supporting, but the w ar has crippled business so
that it w ill be long before we can get any large amount from the Chinese public.
W e must look to the homeland. W ith help from home at this critical period
and what future help we w ill be able to get from the Chinese people them selves,
we w ill be able to do great things fo r the future well-being o f the Chinese o f
this island world.
B ut it is not only in Java where the Chinese people o f this A rchipelago show
willingness to help those who are laboring fo r their future good, but in Medan,
Sumatra, the Chinese merchants have promised to come up to the help o f our
Mission in whatever school-building projects we may undertake. In both places
we find it necessary to make an outlay o f about FI. 50,000 or about $20,000 U . S.
Even in faraw ay Borneo, which has been torn with civil strife this year, the
Chinese Christians, with some help from some o f their heathen neighbors, pro
pose larger things fo r their future educational advantages. O ur membership
there have this 3-ear undertaken to build a FI. 3,800 church. They had proposed
to build each year a church in the various settlements, all the settlements helping
the one that during the year may have on hand their building project. T hus
there would have arisen each year a new church.
Medan
In Medan, W . T . W ard is getting hold o f a large number o f fine young
Chinese men, most o f whom have had some education in the English schools
o f that city or o f the Straits Settlements. Since coming to Medan, M r. W ard
has learned to play the organ, violin and cornet. H e is now teaching these instru
ments to a number o f his young men and women, and has already organized
a brass band am ong his school pupils, and at times calls out the w hole enroll
ment in their khaki uniform s, both boys and girls, and parades. T hus were
Bishops Eveland and J. W . Robinson welcomed to Medan and Medan M ethodist
Missions.
Soerabaja
A t Soerabaja, the church was started here some six years ago, and there is
a membership now o f about sixty. From the very beginning the m issionary has
been so tied up in school work, earning the money fo r his own support and the
support o f all the church w ork, that there has been practically no time fo r real
evangelistic w ork. T here are 15,000 Chinese and 130,000 natives in Soerabaja.
T h e Seventh D ay Adventists are here with h alf a dozen w orkers w ho have all
their time, while the one M ethodist representative has about one-seventh o f his
io 6
time fo r the real w ork o f the church. W hen this arrangem ent has been changed
and the m issionary is free to w ork among these 150,000 people, something can
be done toward winning them fo r Christ.
T here are some outstanding facts o f the year that should be mentioned.
T he most striking is the abolition o f “the gambling farm ” from Banka. T his is
due to a Christian resident. N o t only has gam bling been driven out, but the
sales o f opium are being carefully reduced. T he Government is gathering evi
dence on the liquor trade with a view to restraining it.
A bout three years ago a night school was started fo r men to study English.
T he fee aimed at was ju st enough to pay the janitor and
buy the books. From
this, as was hoped, there came to be. after nine months, some men w illing to
take English lessons from the Bible fo r a Sunday night
class.
Some retained
their hatred fo r Christian things during all these nine months,
but some had
inquiring minds.
T he Sunday night class has come out as a regular church service within the
last few months. It has reached some o f the leading men, and has an influence
beyond its congregation. T here has emerged a Sunday school o f fo rty out o f
a large and somewhat noisy number that form erly seemed to come fo r the song
book and card.
"The church life is constantly developing. It is being watched over by three
very faith ful men. T he best w ork here is the distinctly Christian teaching that
seeks at the same time to broadly educate. It has to be done individually.
Furtherm ore, it must not be urged on men, but whenever a willingness is shown,
that willingness must be carefu lly watched and encouraged.
October 31st o f last year (1913) saw ten new converts admitted on probation
and eight inquirers. T o-day there are eighteen who have been baptized, o f
whom nine are adults.
Soekaradja
A t Soekaradja, M r. U nderhill is finishing his third year at that station and
his seventh year on the field. T here are signs o f a coming harvest, but again
the m issionary is a school teacher doing a man’s w ork at his school, and under
taking to open w ork am ong the native population. H e has one preacher at work,
and has bought property fo r our opening w ork at Poerw okert— all this done
by the money he has earned at giving extra lessons in English. H e hopes on his
return to be able to keep two men in this field busy at evangelistic w ork am ong
the natives. N o w all these men and women— w e have two “contract” lady
teachers— have in spite o f their busy hours made good progress in the languages
o f the island, studying M alay, Sundanese, Javanese, and Chinese (tw o dialects),
as the demands o f their parts o f the field require.
Palembang
A t Palembang, our w ork is as yet in the very faith fu l hands o f three Tam il
brethren from British India, but they have done about all they can, and have
brought things about as fa r along as they can, without the help o f a regular
missionary. H ere w e have a church and a flourishing English school. These
three men, like their fellow Am erican brothers, are earning all their own salary
and paying all the expenses o f the work.
M e d ical W o r k
W e have established our first M ethodist Hospital.
Our first physician and
Malaysia
107
surgeon is on the field, having arrived early in March. W ithout a building as
yet, he has had fo r a number o f weeks an average o f fo rty-fou r patients in a
distinctly Mohammedan section, later this increased to sixty each week, and
ju st before the coming o f the rainy season to ninety one week. Strange enough,
that while the rainy season is on, sickness w ill decline, and the doctor w ill have
more time to give to the study o f the Dutch, Malay, and Sundanese languages.
T he site fo r the hospital has been secured at Tjisaroea. T jisaro ea is a beautiful
place, fourteen miles from Buitenzorg, the nearest railw ay station, 011 the main
highw ay through the islands, 3,000 feet above sea level, surrounded by twenty
or twenty-five thousand native Mohammedans, on seven large estates— the
smallest being 1,050 acres— four o f which are given over mostly to the raising o f
tea, and the other three to the raising o f rice. W e have begun getting out the
timber and before long Methodism will have a Christian H ospital in a M oham
medan land, though most o f the building material used in this land o f earth
quakes and volcanoes will be o f iron.
io8
tI 9 I4
P h il ip p in e I s l a n d s Co n f e r e n c e
In accordance w ith the allotm ent made by the E van gelical U nion, composed
o f all the evangelical churches w orking in the Philippine Islands, the M ethodist
Episcopal Church fo r the present confines its efforts to that portion of the island
o f Luzon ly in g north o f a line drawn east and west through the city o f M anila.
L uzon is the principal island o f the Philippine Archipelago, h avin g an area of over
43,000 square miles, about 2,000 square m iles less than the State o f Pennsylvania.
T h e coast o f Luzon is irregular, h avin g large bays and excellent ports and harbors
near the center and south. T h e island is drained by four large rivers and numerous
sm aller rivers and streams.
A number o f roads connect the capital with remote
points, and there is a railroad which unites M anila with important cities in the north.
Luzon has a population o f about 4,000,000. T h e most numerous native race is the
T agalog, which occupies the m unicipality o f M anila and the surrounding provinces,
and speaks the T a g a lo g language.
Second in importance is the Ilocano race,
occupying the northern part o f Luzon.
Other important races are Pam pangas,
Pangasinanes, and Ibanags. Hemp, tobacco, sugar, coffee, rice, and numerous other
staple products grow in abundance in Luzon. There are valuable mineral deposits,
including copper, gold, asphalt clays, coal, gypsum, and iron.
M ethodist Episcopal m issionary w ork was begun by the R ev. T . H. M artin,
who reached M anila in M arch, 1900. T h e General Conference o f 1904 enabled the
Philippine Islands D istrict o f the M alaysia Conference to become a M ission Con
ference.
In 1908 it was organized as an Annual Conference.
T h e Boards of the
follow in g churches are at work in the Philippin es: the Presbyterian Church in the
U n ited States, the Protestant Episcopal, the U nited Brethren, the D isciples o f
Christ, the A m erican B aptist (N o rth ), the M ethodist Episcopal, and the Congrega
tional. T h e A m erican B ible Society and the British and Foreign Bible Society are
translating and distributing the Scriptures in all the islands.
T h e Y ou n g M en ’s
Christian A ssociation is at w ork here.
CENTRAL
D I S T R IC T
Central D istrict lies in the central v a lle y o f the island o f Luzon. It has recently
been divided and now contains only the T a g a lo g territory north o f M anila.
It
includes the provinces o f N ueva E c ija and Bulacan. T h e territory included in the
provinces which form the district is about 5,000 square m iles in extent, and supports
a population o f over 500,000.
It is w ell drained by rivers and creeks.
T h e soil
is very fertile and produces sugar, rice, and tobacco.
Gold and fine hard wood
lum ber are obtained from the mountains o f N u e va E cija .
T ra v e l is not difficult,
as three fourths o f the circuits are reached by the M anila and Dagupan R ailw ay.
T h e inhabitants o f the district are Tagalogs, w ith a few Ilocanos in the north.
Malolos
M alolos (population, 15,000), the capital o f Bulacan Province, is situated on
a branch o f the Pam panga R iver, at the head o f the delta of that stream, six miles
northwest o f Bulacan, the form er capital, tw enty-five m iles from M anila.
M alolos
is a railroad, telegraph, and m ilitary station.
It is the seat o f a flourishing high
school and a new interm ediate school w ith 1,300 pupils.
M issionaries: R ev. J. F . Cottingham and Mrs. Cottingham . W . F . M. S .: M iss
Louise Stixrud.
San Isidro
San Isidro (population, 7,000) the old capital o f N u eva E c ija is soon to be
abandoned as a mission station. T h e H igh School m oves from there n ext year. N o
missionaries.
Cabanatuan
Cabanatuan (population, 15,000) is the new capital o f N u eva E cija , located
at the end o f the Cabanatuan branch o f the railroad.
It is one o f the forem ost
tow ns in fhe Islands w ith fine buildings, good artesian wells and an ice plant. Th e
cooperative “ F arm ers” have a large warehouse, rice mills, and five threshing machines
fo r threshing rice.
J. F. C o t t i n g h a m , Superintendent
Growth
T he w ork on Central D istrict was begun tw elve years ago.
W e now have
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Philippine Islands
11,000 full members and probationers, and are gaining at the rate o f more than
a thousand a year. H undreds o f young people are eager fo r the W ord, especially
if it is taught in English. T w elve of our twenty-one native pastors are maintain
ing English classes in our Sunday schools. W e have eight substantial church
buildings, and our fifty-three other congregations find church homes in grass
or nipa chapels. T he October campaign in Bulacan Province began with a
total o f twenty-one schools and 950 students. A month later there w ere thirtyone schools with 1,450 students and a complete Sunday School Association,
officered entirely by native laymen.
O ur w ork is evangelistic and constructive. Preaching the unsearchable
riches o f Christ brings thousands into a purer, holier life. O ld habits and
vices drop off. Teaching “all things” has included better homes, cleaner food,
boiling drinking water, eating with knives and forks, and bathing. Tablecloths
and spoons are becoming common. F ive years ago the penitents walked up and
down the streets beating their backs. N ow such practice has been driven to the
fields and cemeteries. T h e people say it is because they are ashamed to meet
the Protestants when they practice flagellation. People are no longer afraid of
missionaries and hospitals but w ill come to the missionary begging a recom
mendation to some hospital in Manila.
O f the Gospel it m ay be said that it has cleansed many towns. Som e o f
the towns in our district no longer tolerate the cock-pit within the city limits.
Gambiing is under the ban o f the law. Individual lives are purer.
V ic to r y
In 1904 A ugustin Samson the first convert to Protestantism in the town
o f Calumpit was arrested by his relatives and cast into prison. T hree times
he was taken out and beaten and returned to his home to declare the Christ
who had saved him. Each time he was stoned and dragged into prison. H is
house was stoned. D irty w ater was thrown from the windows upon his head.
Men cursed him and spit upon him, calling him a devil and the scum o f soap
boilings. H is fam ily was abused, his property all taken ¿way. L ast month we
heard him preach to the very people who persecuted him. “Thank God,” he said,
“ fo r having this opportunity to address those who once persecuted me. I see
before me the men who beat me. I see the men who took aw ay all my property.
But thank God I now see the light o f salvation from sin beaming from every
face. Ten years ago I stood alone in Salumpit. N ow there are five congrega
tions o f Christians and five Sunday schools in this town. N ow every one o f
ni3r old neighbors and relatives are saved. Then the cock-pit and gambling
places flourished here. N ow there are none. Then five hundred men beat their
own backs every Good Friday, but to-day there is not a man in the town who
would do penance.”
M A N IL A D IS T R IC T
M anila D istrict includes the work o f the M ethodist Episcopal Church in the
city o f M anila, <Mid in the provinces o f R izal, Bataan, Zam bales, and in the southern
end o f Bulacan.
Most of this territory borders on the B ay o f M anila. In area it
is the smallest o f the districts, as it is in population, with its little more than 500,000
people.
M anila
Mnnila (population. 350,000) is the political, commercial, social, and educational
center o f the Philippine Archipelago.
It is situated on the B a y o f M anila, which
juts into the west coast o f the island of Luzon. T h e city is divided into two parts
iio
'
[1914
b y the P a sig R iver, that on the south containing the old walled city, with narrow
streets, quaint buildings, and numerous stately churches and s ch o o ls ; also the
Luneta P a rk and the newer Am erican and European residential section. T h a t on
the north side contains the commercial, mercantile, and the largest Filipino resi
dential sections o f the city. T h e position o f M anila on the bay gives it unrivaled
advantages o f com m ercial intercourse with all parts o f the world.
It is likew ise
the key to the trade o f all the islands o f the Archipelago under the dominion o f
the U n ited States, and convenient steamship service has been established between
all parts for mail and m ercantile purposes. Th ere is direct steamship com m unica
tion with m any large cities on the east coast o f China, Japan, and southern A s i a ;
also with Europe, the U n ited States, South Am erica, and various islands o f the
Pacific. A fine railroad system is being established and now has in operation several
lines.
Num erous industries are carried on in the city o f M anila, including the
m anufacture o f cigars, cord, rope, thread, buttons, ice, cocoa, etc. Besides there are
iron foundries and machine shops.
T h e city has the finest sewerage system and
street railw ay in the whole E ast. M illions have been and are being spent for harbor
improvements, which w ill put M an ila am ong the safest and most commodious for
ships o f all sizes. T h e population o f the c ity besides Filipinos, includes Am ericans,
Spaniards, and Chinese, with representatives o f probably all nationalities.
O ther boards at work
here are the Foreign C hristian M issionary Society and the Board o f F oreign M is
sions o f the Presbyterian Church o f the U . S. A .
Missionaries: R ev. A rth ur E . Chenoweth (on furlough) and Mrs. Chenoweth (on
furlough), R ev. H arry F arm er and Mrs. Farm er, Edw in F. Lee and Mrs. Lee, Rev.
Ern est S. Lyon s and Mrs. Lyons, R ev. M arvin A . R ader (on furlough) and Mrs.
R ader (on furlou gh). W . F. M. S .: M isses A n n a Carson, Bertha Charles, M argaret
M. Crabtree. M arguerite D ecker, Gertrude Dreisbach (on fu rlou gh), R ose E . D ud ley
(on furlough), W ilhelm ina E rbst (on furlou gh), M ary A . E van s, -Rebecca Parish,
M .D ., E leanor J. Pond, M .D ., Lena L, Salmon, W inifred Spaulding, Louise Stixrud,
Judith E dn a Th om as (on furlou gh).
In stitu tion s: Florence B. N icholson Bible School, Publishing House.
W . E.
M. S .: H arris M em orial Deaconess T ra in in g School, M ary J. Johnston M em orial
H ospital.
D. H .
K
l in e f e l t e r ,
Superintendent
T here are on this district twenty-five Q uarterly Conferences and seventyfive groups or villages where regular Sunday services are held.
T he year closes with a better spiritual life and larger congregations at all
points than at the beginning o f the year. T his is especially true o f the two
large churches in M a n ila : Saint P a u l’s and the K n o x Memorial. A better
understanding and appreciation o f each other’s viewpoint is in evidence between
the missionaries and native people.
A t O rani w e have this year built a fine hardwood chapel seating 500 people.
T h e total cost, including land, is about $1,800, o f which the membership has
given all but $500, which was granted by the Mission. A fine chapel is being
finished at H u lon g Duhat which is to cost about $1,000, all o f which the members
have contributed except $200 given by the Mission. A fine church site has been
bought at M ecauyan and in the Tondo D istrict o f M anila facin g the M ary
Johnston Hospital.
N avatos Church is self-supporting from members’ contributions, as‘ are also
the Cervantes and the Tondo Churches in M anila City.
T hrough special revival services in the churches, open air meetings and
house to house visitation, we have been able to reach thousands o f people with
the Gospel message and the year w ill show a large increase in membership. A
more tender conscience regarding sin, a closer w alk with God and a greater
love fo r the W ord, are m anifest in the lives o f our members and these things
affect fo r good those outside our membership.
T h e S u n d a y S ch o o l W o r k
The Sunday schools o f the district number twenty-five with about 1,300
BBSS*
B
u il d in g
Up
a
G
reat
E
d u c a t io n a l
S ystem
in
th e
P
h il ip p in e s ,
i. The Nipa or primitive school. 2. The more modern reinforced concrete
building. 3. T he Hall o f H istory o f the Government U niversity at Manila.
Philippine Islands
h i
scholars. W e have fio greater nor more promising field than the Sunday school.
Dr. Hartm an has ju st made us a short visit in the interests o f this work, bringing
with him Rev. E. L. Ryan, who, with his w ife, is to give entire time to this
work. Rev. J. L. M cLaughlin o f the A m erican Bible Society has also been
engaged by the International Committee to give h alf his time to this w ork in the
Philippines.
The Union Church
H eretofore there has been reported from this district the w ork o f the
“Am erican Church.” It has had a splendid record o f achievement as a blessing
to the Am erican community ever since the occupation o f the Islands by the
Am erican government, and under Rev. E. F. Lee the present year was one o f
the best in its history. But a decreasing number o f A m ericans in the Islands
and city and the grow in g brotherliness o f the M ethodist and Presbyterian com
munions made a union w ork the only reasonable thing, and this has recently
been consummated. T he movement starts out well and bids fa ir to prove its
practicability and efficiency in all that the tw o churches stood fo r before the
union.
The Methodist Publishing House
Business conditions have' been somewhat adversely affected by the w ar in
Europe and the feeling o f uncertainty due to political unrest. O ur Press shares
this condition. A movement is now on foot to unite the printing interests o f
all Protestant w ork in the Islands which would do aw ay with overlapping and
make the output less expensive.
T he Philippine Observer, a monthly periodical fo r English speaking Fili
pinos, is edited by Rev. H a rry Farmer. W ith 600,000 students in the G overn
ment's schools studying English, its importance and field o f usefulness are
readily seen. The paper has 3,300 subscribers with new subscriptions continually
coming in.
Union Bible Sem inar}— President, Rev. Harr} Farm er ; P rofessors : Rev.
John H. Lamb, Rev. Ernest J. Pace, Rev. George W . W right, Rev. Ernest S.
Lyons, Em m a J. Hannan, and A nna R. W right. T his institution represents
the union o f our Florence Nicholson Bible Sem inary with the Sem inary o f
the Presbyterian Church and is a great success. T he m inistry o f Protestantism
is being recruited from the young students. Our church has had tw enty young
men studying during the year, and o f the five graduates fo r the year four are
Methodists. T o tal enrollment, fifty.
The M anila B o ys’ D orm itory is doing splendid w ork under the care o f M r.
and Mrs. Lyons. Thousands o f young men come to M anila to study and our
dorm itory furnishes a home fo r 100 boys— we could have 500 if w e had the
room.
Medical Work
T he M ary J. Johnston Hospital. K now n all over the Islands and loved
and admired by all classes is this splendid hospital. It stands on the shore
o f M anila B ay in the most thickly settled section o f M anila. D r. Parish reports
that in two weeks the number o f babies born in the hospital was thirty-eight.
112
T h at would run about 1,000 fo r the year. T hat is only the m aternity side o f the
work. T h e dispensary treats thousands o f people each year. T h e w ork is so
arranged as to bring the Gospel message to those who come fo r other reasons.
H ere also are trained our nurse-deaconesses whose influence fo r good is almost
incalculable.
T h e hindrances to the progress o f the work, ow ing to the agitation for
independence which has taken hold on all classes and greatly retarded our
efforts fo r some years past, have not disappeared. T h e advocates o f neutraliza
tion o f the Islands have had something o f a change o f heart in view o f what
strong nations are doing with neutral ones. T he Progresistas seem to be in the
saddle but do not ride easily ow ing to the Immediatists, who through public
assemblies and the native press keep them continually under fire. T he G overn
ment is facin g a financial crisis with many groups o f native politicians who
think they know where the difficulty is and if only they were in authority all
would soon be happily adjusted. Rev. Nicholas Zam ora, who in the early
days o f our w ork was one o f the strongest men we had, but who o f late years
has led an Am erican Church movement, died o f cholera in September. T w o
o f his associates in the w ork now assume the places he held and what the end
m ay be is yet unknown.
P A N G A S IN A N D I S T R IC T
Pangasin an D istrict includes the provinces of Pangasinan and N ueva V isca ya ,
the northern h a lf o f T a rla c Provin ce and the town o f Cuyapo o f N u eva E cija
Province. In the pro\ ince o f Pangasinan the languages are Ilocano, Pangasinan,
. Zambales, T a galo g, and Pam panga. In N u e va V isca ya th ey are the Isinai, Gaddang,
and Ilocano. T h e population of the tw o provinces is o v e r 500,000, or about the same
as the S tate o f R hode Island, and occupying a territory three times the size o f that
State.
Dagupan
(
Dagupan (population, 20,000) is a town in the province o f Pangasinan, situated
at the east m ain outlet o f the A gn o R iver on the south shore o f the Lin gayen G ulf.
I t is eight m iles east by north o f lin g a y e n .
Dagupan is an important place fo r
sea traffic. I t is connected by road w ith the surrounding provinces. T h e railroad
from M anila to the province o f U nion, and to Baguio, the summer capital, passes
through Dagupan. _
M ission aries: R ev. Berndt O . Peterson and Mrs. Peterson.
W . F. M. S .:
M iss E lizabeth Parke s.
Lingayen
Lin gayen (population, 19,000) is the capital of the province o f Pangasinan. I t
is situated on the south shore o f the G u lf o f Lingayen .
T h ere is a daily launch
service between L ingayen and Dagupan.
M issionaries: R ev. R e x R. M oe and M rs. Moe. W . F . M . S .: M isses M ildred
M. B lakeley and O rilla F . W ashburn.
Institution : W . F . M. S. : B ible School.
B. O. P eterson , Superintendent
T he last A nnual Conference added to Pangasinan the northern half of
T arlac Province and the town o f Cuyapo o f N ueva E cija Province. T h is was
done to unite the Ilocano w ork o f those provinces with that o f Pangasinan.
T he area o f this district now is approxim ately 5,161 square miles with a popula
tion o f 650,000, ministered to in six languages. T here are fifty-eight Q uarterly
Conferences and 107 regular preaching places. T h e full church membership
fo r the district is 3,622; probationers, 3,654; and baptized children, 704. T he
total number o f Christians, 7,980.
1914]
Philippine Islands
113
T here are sixty-eight chapels and churches tow ard which the natives have
contributed $3,160. F our new chapels have been constructed, three more have
been finished that were previously begun, and one has been entirely reconstructed.
T he reports from various w orkers show progress. From six circuits the
leaders report a total o f 228 conversions. Another w orker has added 166 new
members to his church and baptized 101 children.
S elf-su p p o rt
T hirty-three per cent o f the support o f the native m inistry has come from
the people. T he crops are better this year and it is hoped that self-support w ill
correspondingly increase. T he people are learning to be more systematic in
their giving.
Christian Stewardship is being taught. A carefu l reporting
system o f all the aid received by the pastor creates confidence in the people.
M any preachers have been afraid to report all the help received by them fo r
fear the Mission would cut down its support. T his idea is being dispelled and
honest reporting by the m inistry is helping the cause o f self-support.
L ite ra tu re
A s has been emphasized in previous reports the cooperation w ith the U nited
Brethren Church in the publishing o f the Ilocano paper is a great help to the
church. F o r months during the rainy season when it is impossible fo r our
circuit preachers to visit the people regularly, this silent inform er and teacher
w eekly visits the people and in its quiet w ay does the w ork o f strengthening
and teaching. T h e “Tongue o f F ire” in Ilocano and the “ Preacher and H is
W o rk ” in Pangasinan have been issued from the M ission Press as has also
a hymnal in the I'sinai language and these are benefiting the w ork in their own
way. T he A m erican Bible Society and the British and Foreign Bible Society
have distributed large quantities o f Bibles, Testam ents, and Portions. Such
distribution prepares the w ay fo r the preacher and Bible teacher and w e can
not overestimate the good done by these Societies. T he British and Foreign
Bible Society through its agent for the Philippines, the Rev. Tilden Eldridge,
is at present pushing the completion o f the Bible in the Pangasinan language.
NORTHERN
D IS T R IC T
Northern D istrict includes the provinces o f Ilocos Sur, A bra, Ilocos N orte,
Cagayan, and Isabella. Th is district has an area o f about 12,000 square miles and
a population o f 600,000.
T h e races include the Ilocanos, Igorotes, Ibanags, and
others.
W ith the exception o f the large Cagayan V a lley, the district is m ountain
ous, inter\ ened with fertile valleys and plains.
Abundant crops are raised, such
as tobacco, rice, corn, indigo, and sugar cane.
T h e mountains contain valuable
tim ber; gold and copper are the principal mineral deposits, and asbestos is being
mined on the northwest coast. T h e chief industries are agriculture, grazing, and
weaving. T h ere are no railroads, but boats on the rivers and the C hina Sea connect
the principal cities with one another and with M anila.
Som e provinces have good,
new m acadamized wagon roads, while others, like the Cagayan, have but few roads,
m aking travel difficult.
V ig a n
V igan (population, 20,000) is the capital o f the province o f Ilocos Sur, and the
principal city on the northwest coast.
It is situated near the outlet o f the A bra
R iver into the South China Sea.
It was the stronghold o f Catholicism in north
Luzon, under Spanish rule. It has fine streets and buildings, including local govern
m ent edifices, barracks, and ecclesiastical structures.
N o city outside o f M anila
is so com pactly built up. It is the center o f Ilocano influence.
Th e M ethodist Episcopal Church began mission w ork here in July, 1904. T h e
Foreign Christian M issionary Society is at work here.
114
[1914
M ission aries: R ev. O sc2r H uddleston and Mrs. H uddleston and R ev. Charles J.
Bernhardt.
Tuguegarao
T uguegarao is the capital o f the C agayan province, and is the center o f this
great valley.
It is in the m idst o f the tobacco and corn-grow ing district, and the
shipping o f these products is o f great importance.
F ria rs’ College is located here
and an A m erican bishop has a residence in the town. T h e governm ent has a high
school, together w ith a trade school for industrial study and work.
M ission aries: R ev. W . F. K in sey and M rs. K insey, R ev. A lv a L . Snyder (on
furlough) and M rs. Snyder (on furlough).
O
sca r
H
u d d lesto n ,
Superintendent
Annual Conference
T he district was favored in having the sessions o f the A nnual Conference
at V igan in January. T he coming o f so many native w orkers and missionaries
gave encouragement fo r the whole y ea r’s w ork. A t the close o f the Conference
session trucks and automobiles were prepared and the entire body traveled over'»
land through the province, holding short services at each town until Candon
was reached, w here 600 people awaited our coming to dedicate the W ilson
M em orial Church. T h is is a large native brick building and shows the results
o f native w ork and sacrifice, since about two thirds o f the cost o f this enterprise
came from the people. T h e plant is estimated at $5,000.
Visitors
In M ay, Bishop Eveland came and was royally received. H e brought with
him Bishop J. W . Robinson, who was also a great help to us, giving us advice
out o f his twenty, years’ rich experience in India. W e were also gratefu l fo r
the coming o f D r. Sheets, that dynamo o f the M ission force, H on orary Secre
tary w ithout pay, who went everywhere with his eyes open fo r “L ife in A ction.”
T he results are more than 300 photographs o f life in northern Luzon have been
taken and forw arded to the B oard fo r use in illustrating the work.
O ur dorm itory at V igan has been crowded w ith high school students.
These have paid their own board, the mission furnishing food and accommoda
tions at the least cost. Seven o f the students have been baptized during the
year. T h e w ork o f the dorm itory has been under the direction o f M rs.
Ruddleston and Rev. C. J. Bernhardt. M r. and M rs. K in sey have organized a
dorm itory at T uguegarao. T h e y have a new building and equipment and it
meets the needs o f the Cagayan.
T h e coming o f D r. and M rs. N ickles to A parri puts a m issionary at that
station. T h is is the port fo r all the Cagayan V alley and the term inal fo r all the
boats from M anila. T h e w ork o f a medical man and a hospital located here
in the commodious M cPherson M ission H ouse means much relief to the people
and a great strength to our w ork in every way.
The Native Minister
T here are nineteen young men now w orking in this district who have been
sent to our Union Sem inary in M anila and have either taken a part o f the
course or graduated and been ordained. S ix have graduated and others are
expected to do so and are now in the regular circuit w ork. T h ere w ill be a
number o f new candidates fo r n ext year.
The Northern D istrict has seventeen ordained preachers with a goodly
number o f unordained. T here are eighteen graduated native women from our
Bishop E vixa n d a t
t i i k
M o a t
Laniunc, Tucukcarao,
P. I. T it a ,
a
N ativk
Di:aconi:ss in
tiik
Background
i 9 i 4]
Philippine Islands
training schools in the field. Counting all licensed w orkers within the district
there are more than 200. T h ey report 213 preaching places and twenty-seven
chapels and churches. T here are seventy-one Sunday schools with 2,392 scholars.
T here are 6,000 members, including probationers. W e occupy every large center
within the territory.
S o cia l R eform
H aving been corrupted by the social evils o f the Rom an church and its
priesthood, the moral and social life ten years ago w as ve ry low. T he system
o f concubinage was com m on; the m arriage ceremony was neglected. Gambling
o f every kind prevailed. Men, women, and children thronged the cockpit on
Sunday and feast days. T he w ork o f the schools and the Protestant churches
is changing this. N o English-speaking Filipino is to be found at the cockpit.
T he members o f the churches will measure up to the m oral and spiritual living
in the homeland.
ii6
[*9*4
F o o c h o w Co n f e r e n c e
T h e Foochow Conference comprises the Foochow and Y en p in g Prefectures o f
the Fukien Province with special attention given to the regions along the M in R iver
and on the seacoast as far south as the island of H aitan.
T h e province is so
mountainous that it is called the Sw itzerland of China. T h e mountains are clothed
w ith fir and bamboo and by a skillful system o f terraces are rendered exceedin gly
p ro d u ctive ; but ow ing to the mountainous character o f the province, there are few
roads w hich are passable by vehicles.
T h e M in R iver, with its four large and
numerous smaller branches, drains about three fourths of the province, and is
navigable for small vessels for 500 or 600 miles. T h e people are active, independent,
and* o f fine business ability. T h e chief industries are paper-m aking, tea cultivation,
silk and cloth weaving, and agriculture.
Different tribes o f aborigines live in the
secluded mountain villages and are engaged in the cultivation o f the soil.
Th e first m issionaries p f the M ethodist Episcopal Church sent to China were
the R ev. Judson D. Collins and the R ev. M oses C. W hite. T h e y arrived at Foochow
on September 4, 1847.
T h e first annual m eeting was held in 1862.
T h e M ission
was organized by Bishop I. W . W ile y into the Foochow Conference in December,
1877.
FOOCH OW
D IS T R IC T
Foochow D istrict is made up o f two counties, A u gu an g and M ing, w hich include
a territory o f about 1,800 square miles, with a population about equal to that of
the State o f Ohio. W ith in a radius o f thirty miles around Foochow city there is a
population o f about 3,000,000, who speak the Foochow dialect. T h e clim ate is semitropical.
F ooch ow
Foochow (population, 800,000), the capital o f the Fukien Province, is a sevengated city, with a circum ference of about seven miles.
It is situated about two
miles from the north bank o f the M in R iver, and th irty-four miles from its mouth.
It is nearly m idw ay between Shanghai and H ongkong, either o f which can be reached
by steamer in two days. It is one o f the five Chinese ports first opened to commerce
and foreign residence by the treaty o f 1842.
T h e southern suburb is located on
two islands, w hich are connected with the mainland by the “ Bridge o f 10,000 A g e s .”
Our mission is on N antai, the larger o f these islands, and commands a fine view
o f the city and surrounding mountains. It is on the edge o f a v e ry densely populated
part of the city, near the foreign legations and business houses.
T h e first M ethodist
Episcopal Church in A sia was opened here in July, 1856. Other mission boards at
work here are the A m erican Board of Com m issioners for Foreign M issions, the
Church o f E nglan d Zenana M ission, the Church M issionary Society, and the Y oun g
M en’s Christian Association.
M issionaries: Mr. A rth u r W . B illin g (on furlough) and Mrs. B illin g (011
furlough), R ev. E rnest B. Caldw ell (on furlough) and Mrs. C aldw ell (on furlough).
Rev. E d d y L. Ford and Mrs. Ford, R ev. John G ow dy (on furlou gh), and Mrs.
Gow dy (on furlough), J. E . Gossard, M .D ., and Mrs. Gossard, Mr. E dw in C. Jones,
Mr. Claude R. K e llo gg and M rs. K ellogg, Mr. W alter N . L a c y and Mrs. Lacy, Rev.
W illiam H. L a c y and Mrs. Lacy, R ev. W illiam A . M ain (on furlough) and Mrs.
M ain (on furlou gh), R ev. G eorge S. M iner (on furlough) and Mrs. M iner (on
furlough), R ev. C. M . L a c y Sites and Mrs. Sites, R ev. Ralph A . W ard and Mrs.
W ard. W . F. M. S .: M isses Jean Adam s, Lulu C. B aker (on furlough), E lsie G.
Clark, E lla D eyoe (on furlough), Em m a Eichenberger, E u lalia E. F o x, Edith F.
Gaylord, E . B aylie H all, Len a Hatfield, M .D . (on furlough), Flossie M ay H ostetter,
F lo y Hurlbut, H u K in g E ng, M .D ., M ay
L. Hu, Carrie I. Jewell, (.on furlough).
E llen M. Lyon, M .D., M ary Mann, Ellen
J. Tvlevitt, Florence J. Plumb, Ruby Sia,
C ora Simpson, Elizabeth M. Strow, Lydia
A . Trim ble, L yd ia
E . W allace,
W anzer, and Phebe C. W ells.
Institutions: Anglo-C hin ese C ollege, Union Theological School, Normal T ra in
ing School and B oys’ Academ y.
Foochow Branch of M ethodist Publishing House.
W . F. M. S .: W om an’s College o f South China, Boarding School for Girls, W om en’s
Mcrn.i H.
CENTRAL
F U K IE N , CHINA
NO
Foochow
1914]
T ra in in g School, Liengau H ospital, W oolston
Children’s Hom e, W om en’s Industrial Home.
U
Seuk
R. A . W
M emorial H ospital, M ary
E.
Crook
S i n g , S u p e rin te n d e n t
ard,
M is s io n a r y -in -c h a r g e
The average church attendance is 14,800, but it is impossible to state with
any degree o f accuracy the extent o f population actually reached.
A ll true reform is stimulated by the atmosphere created by the church
and the non-Christian leaders are anxious to enlist the sympathy and support
o f the church in all reform movements. This has been notably true in the
crusade against opium, cigarettes, and foot-binding.
In some sections the
movement toward better sanitation is largely promoted by the church. Those
o f the literary class who depend upon litigation fo r a livelihood are complaining
that the church is spoiling their business, since in Christian communities most
differences are settled by arbitration.
T he great falling off o f interest in idol processions in many communities
is directly attributable to the influence o f Christianitj^. T h e educational w ork
o f the church has inspired the Government to redouble its energies along this
line. T his is especially true o f the education o f women and girls. T here is
abundant evidence that the church is m aking itself felt outside o f the church
membership, in the life o f every community where a Christian church has been
established.
T he A nglo-Chinese College— President, Rev. John G ow dy (on furlough) ;
A ctin g President, E. C. Jones; Professors, C. M. L acy Sites, E . L . Ford, W . N.
Lacy, C. R. K e llo g g ; Teachers, Mrs. J. G ow dy (on fu rlo u gh ), M iss M ary
Billings, Mrs. W . A . Main, M rs. E. L. Ford, Mrs. C. M. L acy Sites, M rs. W . N.
Lacy, Mrs. C. R. K ellogg, M iss D. R. Folensbee, M rs. S. H . Latourette.
A well-equipped department in Z oology was added to the curriculum during
the year, with Mr. K ellogg in charge.
T he most notable event o f the year was the evangelistic campaign conducted
by Mr. Eddy, in Foochow, among Government students. F o r this campaign a
large band o f trained w orkers was prepared to help, twenty-one, including the
leader, being from our college.
Union T heological School— President, W . A . Main, A ssisted by P ro fesso r
J. B. Eyestone, both from our mission. E ighty students attending— the largest
enrollment in the history o f the school. Late in June, a fter the close o f the
regular school work, sixty
pastors, twenty from each o f the three missions,
were invited to the school fo r two weeks o f special training. T hese classes
proved so successful that it was decided to make them a permanent feature
o f the w ork o f the school.
T h e Union Norm al School— Principal, A . W . Billing. A ssisted by J. E.
Gossard, M .D. T his school
and the Theological School at Foochow are Union
Schools, under joint control with the Am erican Board, having a B oard of
M anagers composed o f three members from each mission. A t the beginning o f
the year there were over 300 applicants fo r the entrance exam ination. W e can
accept only a limited number o f pupils and our share this 3rear is thirt3'-five
w ith ten Congregational students. L ast year our total was twenty-tw o.
n 8
N eed s
It is our opinion that a staff o f eight foreign doctors, givin g full time, and
four Chinese teachers, is needed as w ell as additional buildings, and it is im
portant that this extension should be undertaken as soon as possible as the
college is now full, and both staff and buildings are inadequate fo r the w ork
to be done. T h e new buildings should include the fo llo w in g: five houses fo r
the foreign staff, which with sites, estimated at $4,000; a dorm itory building
to accommodate sixty students, with common room, dining room, bathrooms,
gymnasium, kitchen, e tc .; a second building to contain (a) laboratories fo r
Physiology, Chemistry, Pathology, Research W ork, and Public Health, (b)
museums fo r Anatom y, Pathology, and M ateria Medica, (c) four class rooms
and a lecture hall, (d ) a library, (e ) Adm inistration offices; and a third build
ing to contain (a ) A natom ical Departm ent (dissecting room, dem onstrator’s
room, post-mortem rooms, etc.), (b) Bacteriological Departm ent; these three
buildings with site, playground, and equipment we estimate at $50,000; making
a total o f $79,000. W e also estimate the college would need an annual grant
o f $8,000 fo r the salaries o f four o f the faculty ($6,000), and the four Chinese
teachers ($2,000).
Union Medical College
J. E. Gossard, M.D., Physician in charge. D uring the past year the college
has received an impetus o f no minor importance by securing the open support
o f consentient missionaries on all sides. T he R ockefeller Commission com
mended us, first, because o f having such an excellent Board o f Management who
w ork in harmony with the facu lty; second, for having the unanimous support
o f the Fukien Branch o f the China M edical M issionary A ssociation in the
matter o f teaching in English. A t present our school is the only one o f the
eight medical colleges approved by the China M edical A ssociation which does
all its teaching in English. W e believe that our larger church and Anglo-Chinese
schools’ constituencies make it possible to carry on such a w ork in the English
language.
T here are thirty-eight prim ary schools on the district and one gram m ar
school with fo u r years’ course and 121 pupils enrolled.
B IN G T A N G D IS T R IC T
B in gtan g D istrict comprises the H aitan group o f islands, which are situated about
ninety miles southeast o f Foochow, and off the Lungtien peninsula. T h e population
o f the group o f islands is about 80,000. T h e people subsist very largely upon what
is taken from the sea, supplemented by m eager products from the soil. T h e M ethodist
Church has fifteen established preaching places on the island, thirteen o f which are
self-supporting, with a number of out-stations.
W ork was opened on this field as
early as the year 1875. T h e w ork was set apart as a district in 1892.
Tangtau
T angtau is the port o f entry for the B in gtan g D istrict. T h is is a flourishing
business center o f about 16,000 population.
Ta n gta u is situated about forty-five
miles from F u tsin g city, and is a city o f the subprefectural rank.
M issionaries: W . r . M. S .: M isses M am ie Glassburner and Jennie D. Jones.
Institutions: W . F. M. S .: G irls’ B oarding School, W om an’s T ra in in g School.
L U N G T I E N D I S T R IC T
Lungtien D istrict lies to the south o f the F utsin g (form erly H okchian g) D istrict
and comprises the entire Lungtien peninsula.
T h is is claim ed to be one o f the
1914]
Foochow
119
poorest sections o f China agriculturally, but is at the same tim e one o f the most
densely populated sections o f the empire.
T h e M ethodist Church opened work on this district as early as 1873.
Con
siderably more than one h alf o f the work on the district is entirely self-supporting,
while several circuits contribute annually more than is required fo r support o f the
local charge. T h e Lungtien Circuit supports not only its own preachers, but con
tributes enough to support regularly appointed preachers on several new ly opened
and weak stations.
T h e population is more than one h alf m illion, speaking the
Foochow dialect.
Lungtien
Lungtien (also known as N guchcn g) is situated about sixty-five miles south o f
Foochow, and is a township city of low official rank. It is in the geographical center
of a vastly populated region, and has become one of the leading m ission stations of
our work in South China.
M ission aries: R ev. H arry R. Caldw ell and Mrs. Caldw ell, M r. H en ry V . L a c y
and Mrs. Lacy. W . F. M. S . : M isses M abel Allen, and L i Bi Cu, M .D .
Institution s: Carolyn Johnson Memorial Institute.
W . F. M. S .: Boarding
School for Girls, W om en’s T ra in in g School, Lungtien H ospital.
F U T S IN G D IS T R IC T
F utsin g (form erly H okchiang) D istrict centers around the walled city o f F u t
sin g (form erly H okch ian g), which is situated about tw elve miles from the seacoast.
H aikow is the port o f entry to Futsin g from the sea.
F utsin g city is the
county seat for the F u tsin g County, and is a city o f about 50,000 inhabitants. T h e
people o f this district are given to m ercantile and agricultural pursuits. T h e density
o f the population has rendered com paratively easy the work of reaching the people
with the gospel message. T h e M ethodist Church is establishing a v e ry strong work
on this district.
A number of entire villages have given up idolatry entirely and
identified them selves with the church. T h e population o f the district is more than
one h alf million, most of whom speak the Foochow dialect.
T h e Church M issionary Society is w orking in the F u tsin g D istrict, with m edical
work in F u tsin g city.
B IN G T A N G
D
H
in g
N
ie n g
D IS T R IC T
g ie u ,
Superintendent
L U N G T IE N D IS T R IC T
L
Mi
in g
I ng,
Superintendent
F U T S IN G D IS T R IC T
N
H
arry
goi
R.
Gi
C
L
ang,
ald w ell,
Superintendent
M issionary-in-charge
( N o t e : T he “ Futsing W o rk ” now embraces four districts. Previous to the
recent session o f the Foochow Annual Conference this w ork included the F u t
sing, Lungtien, and Bingtang Districts. T he grow th o f this w ork has necessitated
setting off another district which is known as the Wtest F utsing D istrict.)
In his report o f the w ork on these districts Mr. Caldw ell s a y s :
“ Several things have transpired during the year to render the w ork on this
vast field the most satisfactory during the past ten years or more. T h e reorgani
zation o f the w ork in the Sunday schools has brought new life into the entire
w ork. On upward o f one hundred charges the Sabbath school w ork has been
greatly enlivened on account o f the program providing fo r more carefu l and
universal study o f the Bible and other books which make up the course o f study
adopted fo r all adherents o f the Church. F ully ten thousand people have been
enrolled in some kind o f class work. T h e little booklet known, as the “Doctrine
120
o f Salvation,” - which was prepared especially fo r this course o f study, has
received more attention than has any other book in the course o f study. In all,
a four years’ course o f study has been adopted, and it is our purpose to have
every adherent o f the Church doing some kind o f system atic w ork along this
line.
F o r years w e have been tryin g to establish a point o f contact between the
Church and the gentry in Futsing City. In earlier years these literary men were
bitterly opposed to the w ork o f the M ethodist Church, but during more recent
years there has been no open opposition to the Church. D urin g the present year
a residence fo r the m issionary was erected in this city, and ju st as soon as we
became established we began to interest the gentry in some kind o f social service.
A s a result o f this movement the leading men o f the city are cooperating with
the Church in the establishing o f an orphanage and industrial school. A lready
the Chinese in the city and abroad have subscribed $13,000 fo r this purpose.
G reat enthusiasm is being m anifested in this w ork. T his pleases us much,
but that which is most encouraging is the fact that the Church- now has estab
lished a definite point o f contact between itself and these influential men.
A lread y a number o f the more influential o f the group are attendants at the
regular Sabbath m orning services. A more far-reaching thing has never hap
pened on this field than the linking up o f the Church and influential men o f this
city in this important branch o f social service.
One o f the most helpful features o f the w ork during the year was the semi
centennial anniversary held in F utsing City. G reat interest was m anifest in
this series o f services. T h e evangelistic meetings w ere conducted by one o f
the most successful evangelists in China. Hundreds o f w orkers signed pledges
fo r system atic Bible studjr, and promised to w ork as never before fo r the
salvation o f souls.
K U T IE N
D I S T R IC T
K utien (form erly K ucheng) D istrict in d u d es the c ity o f K utien, ninety miles
northwest o f Foochow , and numerous large tow ns and villages surrounding it. T h e
population o f the district is approxim ately 125,000. T h e Foochow dialect is spoken.
T h e inhabitants follow agricultural and lite r a iy pursuits almost entirely. I t comprises
one o f the v a st tea districts o f F u kien Province.
Kutien
K utien (form erly K uch en g) (population, about 25,000) is the capital o f the
civil district o f the same nam&. I t is beautifully situated in a m ountain va lle y 1,200
feet above sea level and at the juncture _of tw o large streams, the waters o f which
em pty into the M in R iver about th irty m iles south o f the. city and about s ix ty miles
up the river from Foochow . K u tien is one o f the cleanest o f Chinese cities.
Its
wall, 15 fe et high and 12 fêt wide, is said to have been built about the tim e o f the
discovery o f Am erica.
M ethodist E piscopal mission w ork wa6 begun in 1864. T h e M ethodists endured
severe persecution here during the so-called S han -sin -fan ( fa ir y pow der) excitem ent
in 1871. T h e ir chapel was looted, but no lives were lost. O ther m ission boards at
w ork here are the Church M issionary Society, the Church o f E nglan d Zenana
Mission, and the M ission to Lepers in In d ia and the East.
M issionaries: R ev. Th om as H . Coole, M .D ., (on furlough) and Mrs. Coole (on
furlough), F . B. Sheldon, M .D ., and M rs. Sheldon, R ev. James H. W o rle y and Mrs.
W orley.
W . F . M . S . : M isses Lau ra F ra zey (on furlough) Lura M . H efty, and
M ary Peters.
In stitu tion s: Schell-C ooper A cad em y, W ile y G eneral H ospital.
W . F . M. S . :
B oarding School for Girls, W om en ’s T ra in in g School.
N o re p o rt
1914]
Foochow
121
K U D E D IS T R IC T
Kude D istrict lies in the three civil counties, A uguang, Kutien, and M intsing.
T h e country, though mountainous, has been terraced and irrigated, and is one o f the
few sections of the F u k ier Province that have rice for export. T h e population o f
Kude D istrict is probably 50,000. Large numbers o f the people have em igrated to
the Chinese colonies in Borneo and the Straits Settlem ents.
The district has had a separate existence since 1899. It w as form erly connected
with K utien D istrict. N o other mission boards have w oik in the district.
N o report.
T ia n g N g u k C e u , Superintendent
J. H. W orley , M issionary-in-charge
M IN T S IN G D IS T R IC T
M intsing D istrict lies about sixty m iles w est and a little north o f Foochow , on
two sides o f the beautiful M in River. On either side the great m ountains lift their
heads am ong the clouds.
T h ese mountains are for the most part barren, though
sometimes h eavily wooded, and in their fastnesses m ay be found ant-eaters, porcu
pine, deer, w ild hogs, tigers, etc. T h e entire region is about fifty m iles long by forty
m iles wide, about the size o f three or four ordinary counties in the M iddle States.
It is estimated that 200,000 people, or one hundred to the square mile, find their
livin g within its borders. Iron is very abundant and already is being mined in con
siderable quantities.
O ther metals exist, but are not yet productive.
R ice is the
staple product, o f w hich they reap two crops per year.
W inter w heat is raised in
small amounts. Sw eet potatoes are raised in great abundance on the m ountain sides.
Tobacco and flax m ay be seen frequently.
Th e honor o f h avin g opened up this region to the gospel belongs to Dr. N athan
Sites, who in his report to the Foochow Conference o f 1891 s a y s : “ Seed-sow ing
began in M in gch ian g tw enty-seven years ago (1864), when I had the privilege of
m aking the first m issionary visit through all this region.
1891 seems to be the date
when real aggressive measures were begun.”
A t that time it was recognized as a
part o f the Foochow District, but in N ovem ber, 1893, Bishop F oster established it
as a presiding elder’s district, with Dr. Sites as presiding elder.
Mintsinghsien
M intsinghsien (form erly M incliiang) is situated on the M in R iver, about thirty
miles up the river from Foochow.
is at work here.
M issionaries: W . S. Bissonnette and Mrs. Bissonnette. Rev. Jam es B. Eyestone
(on furlough) and Mrs. E yestone (on furlou gh). W . F. M. S .: M isses Edna Jones
(on furlough), M ary E. Carleton, M .D ., and Rose A . M ace.
In stitution s: Boarding School for B ojrs, N athan Sites M em orial H ospital. W . F.
M. S . : Boarding School fo r Girls, W om en ’s T ra in in g School.
N o report.
U S u i E, Superintendent
Y U K I D IS T R IC T
Y u k i (form erly Iuka) D istrict includes a rich region in the southern part o f the
Y en pin g Prefecture, with a population of about 1,000,000 people.
C edar trees,
bamboo, and limestone are ve ry plentiful.
T h e country is rich in m inerals, and
clandestine m ining has been practiced from time immemorial. Tigers, leopards, deer,
and w ild birds are plentiful.
T h is country was the home o f the com m entator
Chu-hi, whose descendants still live here. M ost o f the people live in villages, hun
dreds o f which are found within the bounds o f this district. Foochow is the prevail
in g d ialect; though as one draws near to Y u n gan and Y ungchun, the F oochow dialect
is seldom heard.
Go D ie k S ien g , Superintendent
B.
H . P addock , M issionary-in-charge
D urin g the year ju st past 119 persons were received into full church mem-
122
[1914
bership; 161 adults and fifty-six children were baptized. T he number o f pro
bationers was increased by 269. S ix years ago our total membership was 362—
today we number 745. Six years ago we had 446 probationers— today we
have 805. O ur total Christian follow ing six years ago was 1,052—*oday it is
2,078, an increase o f 1,026. T h e total contributions fo r the year amounted to
$ i ,3 5 6 .7 5 .
Y u ki D istrict has suffered much at the hands o f brigands. M any have had
their homes burned and their fields destroyed. A ppeal to the officials and the
soldiers brought no relief and w e have been obliged to buy off the brigands,
paying them large sums o f money to withdraw.
I
Y E N P IN G D IS T R IC T
T h e Y en p in g D istrict lies in the Y en p in g Prefecture and is the largest district
in the Foochow Conference, h avin g a population o f about 1,500,000. T h is district
includes four counties, each h avin g a w alled city as a county seat.
In three of
these counties the M andarin dialect prevails, in the other one an utterly different
dialect is spoken.
C edar trees, firewood, bamboo, tea, and lim estone are very
plentiful.
T h e country is v e ry mountainous, and most o f the roads lead through
m ountain passes and are difficult to travel.
T h e M ethodist Episcopal M ission is the only board at w ork in this district,
except in a fe w places along the M in R iver, where the A m erican Board M ission has
some work.
Y e n p in g fu
Y en pingfu, where the m issionaries reside, is situated on the M in R iver just
where it is join ed by the K ien n in g branch. It is a most beautiful place. T h e m agis
trate o f Y en p in g County, the Y en p in g Prefect, the G overnor of the Y enping, K ie n
ning and Shaow u Prefectures, and a few m ilitary officials reside here.
Th e
M ission Com pound is situated on a high hill overlooking the whole city. A ll travelers
say that it is the most beautifully situated mission station in China.
It lies about
130 miles northwest o f Foochow , being the westernmost mission station in the
Foochow Conference, and nearest to our Central China Mission.
There has been preaching here since 1869, when the R ev. N athan Sites, o f the
M ethodist Episcopal Church, made his first visit to Y en pingfu.
He is said to have
been the first white man who came here to preach the Gospel of Christ. N o m ission
aries were resident here until 1901, when the M isses M abel C. H artford and A lice
Linam o f the W . F. M. S. arrived. T h e n ext year the Rev. W . A . Main and fam ily
settled in Y en pingfu, and in 1904 Dr. J. E. Skinner and fam ily took up their resi
dence there.
M ission aries: R ev. Frederick B ankhardt and Mrs. Bankhardt, R ev. Bernard H.
Paddock (on furlou gh), Jam es E. Skinner, M .D . (on furlough) and Mrs. Skinner.
M .D ., R ev. W a lter W . W illiam s, M .D ., and Mrs. W illiam s.
W . F. M . S .: M isses
Em m a L . E h ly, M abel C. H artford and A lice Linam (on furlough).
In stitu tion s: N athan Sites M em orial Academ y, Alden Speare M em orial H ospital.
W . F . M. S . : G irls’ Boarding School, W om en’s T ra in in g School.
H u n g D a i k C h in g , Superintendent
F rederick B a n k h a r d t , M issionary-in-charge
T he Y enp in g D istrict covers a field about 100 miles wide and has a popula
tion o f 400,000. T h e church is not able to take care o f the w ork with the present
force of men.
One new circuit has been added to the list during the past year. W e have
now fifteen in all and six o f these are self-supporting.
Not long since at one o f our meetings, 100 Chinese accepted the Christian
religion. M any gave freely tow ard the w ork o f the church. O ver $1,300
(M exican ) were subscribed tow ard a much needed church building. One woman
gave $100.
W hen I first came to this field in 1907 most o f our members were Foochow
speaking people, whereas the natives o f Y enping speak an entirely different
Foochow
123
dialect and do not understand the Foochow dialect. T he preachers all used
the Foochow dialect with the result that but few natives o f this prefecture came
into the church. It is different now. In almost every church the M andarin
language is used and as a result we have many natives among our Christians
and many more coming from year to year. W e now also find among our
w orkers native men and women who have given their lives for the preaching o f
the Gospel. M any others are in our'schools preparing themselves fo r Christian
service.
The Nathan Sites M em orial A cadem y fo r boys was established ten years
ago. Principal, Rev. F rederick B ankhardt; Teachers, M rs. Bankhardt and six
Chinese assistants. T he academy is a higher prim ary school. But on this
field there are so few good prim ary schools that students entering the academy
were not able to take the w ork assigned to the first-year class. W e therefore
opened a model day school as a kind o f a preparatory department fo r the
academy.
T here are forty-three boys in the prim ary and forty-tw o in the higher
prim ary department, making a total o f eighty-five. Eleven students w ill com
plete the course this year and most o f them plan to enter the Union Theological
School at Foochow.
O ur Christian schools are making a lasting impression upon the people
o f Yenping. In one village the government school was turned over to us with
the statement that they wanted us to have charge o f their school because we do
the better w ork. W e have perfect freedom to teach Christianity in all the
schools.
Medical Work
T he A lden Speare Memorial Hospital. T he hospital has opened many door?
among the people exerting a great influence, thereby doing a great w ork for
the church. Even the official class has been awakened and touched by the
w ork o f the hospital. D r. Skinner and his fellow -w orkers h a ve*n o t been
a fraid o f hard w ork and their w ork has brought much fruit. T h e head
official o f the three up river prefectures has often discussed public im prove
ments with D r. Skinner with the result that some are being tried and more
are likely to follow .
A few years ago Mr. Bankhardt started w ork am ong the lepers which
has greatly benefited these people. M ore than ten o f the lepers have been
converted and brought into the church. T he chaplain o f the hospital goes into
the leper village every Sunday to preach, and we have a school fo r the untainted
children o f lepers.
124
[19 14
H in g h w a Co n f e r e n c e
T h e H in gh w a Conference is in the Fukien Province, south o f the Foochow C on
ference, and includes the H in gh w a P refectu re and ad join in g territory w here the
H in gh w a dialect is spoken, and the Y un gchu n (In gchu ng) Prefecture.
It includes
a large and thoroughly irrigated plain, which yields three crops a year. T h e central
part is m ountainous and embraces one o f the best pottery sections o f China, the
soil being particularly suited to the m anufacture o f porcelain ware. Further inland
there is a rich coal, iron, and lim estone region h avin g direct w ater connection with
Foochow. T h is mineral wealth has not been developed.
M ethodist Episcopal m ission w ork was commenced in the H in gh w a Prefecture
in 1865, and the H in ghw a M ission Conference was organized on N ovem ber 26, 1896.
In accordance with the action o f the G eneral Conference o f 1904 it became the
H inghw a A n n u al Conference in Novem ber, 1904.
Other m ission boards at work
in this region are the Church M issionary Society, the Church of E nglan d Zenana
M ission in H inghw a, and the E nglish Presbyterian M ission in Yungchun.
TH E
CONFERENCE
W . N.
B
rkw ster
The year has marked an epoch in our history. T he church membership for
all the districts o f the H inghw a Conference are as fo llo w s : F ull members, 4,065;
baptized children, 4,624; probationers, 4,013; inquirers. 11,096; total, 23,798.
This is a total increase o f 6,212 over last year. T h e number o f inquirers
has increased sixty-five per cent. Thousands have signified their willingness to
become Christians. It rests largely with us whether or not they w ill succeed.
T he increase has been fairly evenly distributed. E very district has con
tributed to it, and almost every circuit. T his movement is not confined to any
particular class o f people. Just as it is extended over all sections o f our territory,
it goes through all strata o f society. T here is a marked sprinkling o f literary
degree men. Some o f these are doing much to commend Christianity in the
communities w here they are. T here are business men o f prominence and artisans
o f various trades. O f course the largest group is from the farm ers, but this
is simply because four fifths o f the H inghw a people are farm ers.
T he movement is largely am ong the men. O ur problem is how to reach
the women o f the fam ilies o f these thousands of men. In all o f the districts,
with a reported Christian community o f over twenty-three thousand, there must
be not less than tw elve thousand men whose fam ilies have not yet been reached.
T o visit all even once would require a thousand visits a month fo r a whole year.
This would be very un satisfactory even if it were accomplished. E v e ry one
o f these homes should be visited monthly at least. T h e women are mostly
illiterate, extrem ely ignorant, and superstitious.
Excellent w ork is now being done am ong the women by the four-score
Bible women, and by the missionaries o f the W om an’s F oreign M issionary
Society.
Self-support
The receipts fo r the support o f the evangelistic w ork a re : F o r pastoral
support, $7, 179-93 5 for district superintendents, $193; fo r Hom e M issionary
Society, $5 ,4 8 5 7 3 ; total, $i2,858.66.
This is an increase o f $3 ,314 -45, or thirty-five per cent. T h e grow th o f the
Christian community is fo rty per cent, or only five per cent more than this
H inghwa
125
advance in self-support. T his is all the more noteworthy in view o f the fact
that we have not laid special emphasis upon this matter, as we considered it far
more important that the new members become thoroughly Christianized, rather
than urged first to give money. M oreover, the year has been one o f destructive
floods, severe drought, and high prices, especially the latter half o f the year,
when most of the money is paid in.
The increase is evenly distributed. Binghai, $584.85; Hankong, $595.09;
Sienyu, $616.60. T he H inghw a C ity circuit increased $648, and the district
outside the city, $869.91. T he city circuit ranks in numbers and contributions
with the districts, and is so classified on our books.
Full self-support for our pastors is now distinctly in sight.
H IN G H W A D IS T R IC T
H inghwa D istrict includes the prefecture city o f H inghw a and surrounding
villages. It is situated on the coast plain. T h e people have been extrem ely friendly
to the missionaries, and for m any years there had been no organized opposition until
the recent disturbances caused by the poppy planting and the faith fu l and success
ful opposition to this great evil by the preachers and missionaries.
But this is a
temporary situation that w ill react greatly in our favor in the end.
H ouses three
stories high have been erected w ithout any com plaints from the people.
M ethodist missionaries from Foochow began preaching in this district in 1865.
H in g h w a
H inghw a city (population, 60,000) is a prefecture city situated near the mouth of
the Sienyu R iver on thè coast plain.
It is off the lines o f travel and commerce.
Th e city is one o f the cleanest in China.
T h e houses are well built and the city
w all is in good repair. T h e city presents an interesting sight from over the w all,
with its fantastic roofs show ing through the beautiful foliage o f the lich i trees with
which the c ity is w ell provided.
T h e city was occupied as a residence by a*M ethodist foreign m issionary for the
first time in Novem ber, 1890. T h e Church M issionary Society is at w ork here, and
its hospital is a great help to the M ethodist Mission.
Missionaries : Rev. W illiam N . Brewster and Mrs. Brewster, R ev. Frederick H.
Trim ble (on furlough) and Mrs. Trim ble (on furlough). Rev. F. Stan ley Carson
and Mrs. Carson, R ev. W in ifred B. Cole (on furlough) and Mrs. Cole (on furlough),
Rev. H arry G. D ildin e and Mrs. Dildine, Mr. John H. Irish. W . F. M. S. : M isses
Cora M. Brown, Jessie M arriott, A lth ea M. Todd, E lizabeth W . Varn ey, Pauline E.
W estcott, M innie E . W ilson, and Grace M cClurg.
Institutions : Guthrie M em orial H igh School, B iblical School, N orm al School,
Rebecca M cCabe Orphanage, Industrial M ission Press.
W . F . M. S. : H am ilton
Boarding School for Girls, Juliet Turner W om an’s T ra in in g School, L illian Gamble
Leper Rescue Home.
D n g S e n g - n g e n g , Superintendent
W . N.
B rew ster,
Last year it was not possible to hold the Annual Conference session on
account o f the disturbances caused by the bandits.
In the spring, after the difficulties were settled and the bandits had retired,
Bishop L ew is came and held a very helpful meeting with the preachers. A t
that time plans were made fo r a forw ard movement o f the church and great
blessing has followed. T he year o f persecution has been follow ed by a year
o f great blessing, as the rain follow s a fte r a long drought. In almost every
place there has been a steady increase in the number o f new people com ing to
inquire the w ay o f life. T h e churches are full o f worshipers and in not a
few there is not enough room fo r the people. F o r example, here in H inghwa
City we have service fo r the students o f the schools at 8 a . m ., and again fo r
the church members at 10:30 a . m . In H inghwa C ity our people number about
I 2Ô
[1914
1,000. Each one who signs his name as an inquirer buys a hymn book, a N ew
Testament, and a small book o f prayer, fo r which he pays thirty cents.
T h e Sunday school is conducted by Mr. Dildine and it is impossible to
carry it on all in one place, so it is divided and meets in several places.
U nfortunately, M r. Carson had a serious breakdown because o f the over
w ork and anxiety in connection with settling the difficulties caused by the
bandits and he w as compelled to return to A m erica last June. M r. Brew ster
was able to return soon a fter and has helped to organize the E vangelistic move
ment and to arrange fo r the Jubilee Celebration in the year o f 1916. A lso a
g ift has been secured, which w ill enable us, with the aid o f the subscriptions
here on the field, to build a large new church in H inghw a City, which will
seat 3,000. W e have planned a subscription for the Jubilee meeting and also
to build many churches in the country stations w here they are very much
needed. T he preachers have been encouraged in the w ork o f evangelization.
T he most important thing fo r us to do now is to carefu lly instruct and
train the large number o f new people who are com ing to the church. A com
mittee was appointed to prepare a simple manual suitable fo r instructing these
new people. T his manual has been published and is very satisfactory.
W ith regard to the increase in the membership, every circuit has shared in it.
Entire m embership: probationers, 1,671; full members, 1,522; baptized
children, 886; inquirers, 4,023; total number o f Christians, 8,102— an increase o f
2,216 over last year.
D uring the year thirteen new stations have been opened on seven different
circuits.
T here has been a great interest taken in the Jubilee P rogram to build new
churches, and thirteen places have subscribed $10,000 fo r this purpose. T hree
places have already built during the last two years at Ua-cai, at Bi-ciu, and at
Sua-ba-su. A t Sa-hoi a valuable building has been deeded to the church worth
at least $2,000. It w ill make an excellent church building with very little altera
tions. A t O-boi o f the H ua-deng Circuit a T hree Religions Tem ple has been
given for a church. T his building, a fter expending about $200 fo r repairs, will
be worth $1,000. T his shows that the time w ill come when many o f the heathen
temples w ill be used as Christian churches.
In many places during the year w e have held the quarterly meetings in
ancestral halls and idol temples, generously loaned to us by the people o f the
town, because the churches w ere not large enough to hold the crowds that came
to the meetings.
H A N K O N G D IS T R IC T
H ankong (A n ta u ) D istrict includes the m arket towns G angkau and H ankong and
the surrounding villages. It is situated on the coast plain east o f H in gh w a city, but
also has an exten sive m ountainous region further inland.
T h e population o f the
seaport town H ankong is estim ated at about 100,000.
H ere is located the large
A aron Baker M em orial Church. A hospital is being erected which w ill be opened
soon. I t is to be in charge o f D r. L i K o-sin g, a graduate o f the U n ion M edical
C ollege at Peking.
L i D iong S u i , Superintendent
W . B. C ole, M issionary-in-charge
T he first half o f the year was very prosperous, with fine prospects o f large
crops, but suddenly in the month o f July a series o f great storms did serious
damage both to property and to grow in g crops.
H inghwa
127
T here has aiso been a very serious form o f smallpox prevalent, as w ell as
the annual visitation o f the bubonic plague, and great numbers o f people have
died. W e have diligently instructed our people how to avoid the plague by
inoculation and numbers o f them have sought this treatment, so that com
paratively few o f the Christian people have died o f the plague.
Since the Government has ordered the dispersal o f various political parties
mentioned in last year's report, the people have been much more accessible to
the w ork o f the church. T h e reported increase in inquirers reaches more than
1,600 persons, and there have been thirteen stations opened in the villages.
Y ear after next is the fiftieth year since the beginning o f the w ork in
H inghwa and there is much enthusiasm among our people in preparing fo r this
w ork by building suitable churches. T h ey have made great sacrifices in subscrib
ing for the w ork of new church buildings.
T he typhoon in July very badly damaged the church' at Antau, and its
members decided that it would be to the advantage o f the w ork to rebuild on
the main street, so they subscribed $1,000 for this purpose. T h e foundation is
now being laid. In eleven other places where churches are needed $6,000 have
been subscribed by the people.
Statistical R eport: N ew probationers, 446; entire number o f probationers,
670; children baptized, 81; baptized children, 4 11; adults baptized, 108; church
members, 700; inquirers, 3,092.
Financial R eport: Episcopal fund, $11.00; district superintendent, $33.00;
pastoral support, $1,349.50; missions, including home and foreign, $850.74;
entire fo r pastors and missions, $2,251.24; Sunday benevolences, $553.50; total,
$5,048.98.
B IN G H A I D IS T R IC T
B inghai D istrict includes the eastern end of the B in ghai peninsula and the
adjacent islands. L a m yit island is the place where our m ission first started in 1865.
T h e first station on the m ainland was near Binghai, the local seaport.
T h e people
are extrem ely poor on account o f the poverty o f the soil and lack o f water.
But
they are very accessible and w ork am ong them brings large returns. L a m yit Island
is notorious for its pirates, who infest the coast.
L i Ko
D
in g ,
Superintendent
E arly in the year the bandit leader H uang L ia n g kept our region in terror
because the local Government had no fixed policy. One day it was going to
destroy him and his band, and the n ext day it proposed to make him commander
o f governm ent troops. So we were in much distress and anxiety fo r months.
O ur church was persecuted and the soldiers later came to Bah-cui-no and burned
more than tw enty houses, making no distinction between bad and good citizens.
T he mother and the older brother o f one o f our members, Go M eong-do, were
both killed by the soldiers, and the preacher’s goods were looted.
B efo re long the bandit chief was at Chia-gio collecting his follow ers, and
it was reported they were about to attack Binghai City, kill the Christians and
burn the church. M ost o f the people o f Binghai ran away, nine out o f every
ten houses were empty. T h ey robbed two o f our well-to-do members o f
$1,340. T hough we have tried fo r a long time to secure redress through the
authorities, so far nothing has resulted. As the proverb goes, “T here is thunder
but no rain.” T here is much petty persecution o f preachers and members all
over the district.
128
T h e district also suffered greatly this year from storms, fo u r or five in
succession. T h e crops have been very badly damaged. T h e high tides o f
September w ere the greatest w e have had fo r many years. A ll along the shore
a countless number o f acres o f fieids were inundated by the salt water.
A nother serious matter w as a difficulty with the Roman Catholics at D enggang. A priest named L au brought false charges against some o f our members.
A ft e r this trouble was settled, the Catholic members brought over one hundred
men and surrounded the houses o f our members and killed five o f our people.
T h e inquest over these five bodies has been held by tKe m agistrate and the facts
w ere all proven.
Still another serious trouble is at Bah-gau, w here several fam ilies o f our
people have had all their fields torn up by a neighboring clan. T h e church there
was damaged. W ith such hard-hearted people to deal with, w e sometimes
wonder i f they w ill ever repent and accept the Gospel.
B e fo re M r. B rew ster went to A m erica he organized E vangelistic Bands
and planned their w ork. In this district his plans have been strictly follow ed
out by the preachers and the Bible women. Even w hile the troubles w ere at
their w orst our men would not abandon their fields.
Statistical
Received in fu ll membership, 102; total full membership, 719; children bap
tized, 144; total baptized children, 682; received probationers, 244; total pro
bationers, 734; inquirers, 1,894; total Christian community, 4,029.
D u rin g the six years since this district was organized the increase has been:
members, 184; probationers, 505; baptized children, 481; inquirers, 1,144; total,
2 ,314 .
Educational
In the central higher prim ary school there are seventy pupils. T w o classes
have graduated, fourteen in all.
T here are also sixteen day schools, with 365 pupils. A ll these are conducted
according to the rules o f the Conference. T w elve o f our graduates have entered
the Biblical School, and tw o have entered the Anglo-Chinese H igh School.
T his seaside region has few schools, so that but fo r the M ission help there
would be no schools here.
S IE N Y U
D IS T R IC T
Sienyu D istrict is located in the va lle y o f th e 'S ie n y u R iver, about thirty miles
from the coast. Some o f the m ission centers are in fhe foo th ills w hich border the
coast plain. T h e d istrict or departm ent o f S ien yu is v e ry populous and extrem ely
productive. T h e people are com paratively w ell off, and upon tn a t account som ew hat'
less accessible to the gospel than in other parts of the C o n fe re n ce ; bu t there was
a great aw akening there in the spring o f . 1909.
Sienyu
Sienyu (Singiu) is situated at the head of navigation of the Sienyu River, about
thirty miles from Hinghwa city.
M ethodist Episcopal m ission w ork w as begun in 1870. O th er m ission boards at
w ork here are the Church M issionary Society and the Church o f E n g lan d Zenana
M ission.
Missionaries: W. F. M. S .: Misses Emma J. Betow, M.D., Martha Lebeu*,
Martha L. Nicolaisen, and Paula Seidlmann (on furlough).
Institutions: Sienyu Intermediate School. W. F. M. S . : Isabel Hart Boarding
120
H inghwa
School for Girls, F ried a K noechel M em orial T ra in in g
M argaret E liza N a st M em orial H ospital.
School
for B ible
W om en,
D en g C ih S in g , Superintendent
Sienyu County has only one district but it has fifty churches with over
five thousand believers. It also has over twenty day schools. T he distances
are far apart and the roads difficult to travel. T he disturbances o f the bandits
have caused many hardships.
Last year the Am erican Consul brought the case to the notice o f the authori
ties securing a partial indemnity, yet the authorities were unw illing to «punish
the leaders o f the bandits. On account o f this U a H oong and his fello w Chris
tian neighbors have not been able to return to their homes, and fo r a year
and a half we have not been able to use our church building at O-cho-gio.
Statistics o f Membership : F ull membership, 1,121 ; probationers, 935 ; hearers,
2,075; baptized children, 650.
D uring the year 170 full members have been received, 406 received on pro
bation, and 113 children baptized.
Statistics o f F inances: Pastoral support, $2,072.00; home mission, $1,336.00;
Sunday offerings, $240.20; preachers’ aid, $55.50; total, $3,703.70.
O ther
benevolences and subscriptions have been as follow s :
Foreign M ission s....................................................................... $14 00
Bishop’s S a la r y ...........................................................................
23 50
71 00
D istrict Superintendent..........................................................
C harity .........................................................................................
119 00
Buildings and R ep airs............................................................ 2,496 00
F o r M iscellaneous Expenses o f the Churches................. 764 00
D istrict Incidentals....................................................................
20 00
500 00
Jubilee F u n d ...............................................................................
A n tau H osp ital................................................................
10000
T o the R eviv alist
........................................................
60 00
T o ta l
.................................................................................... $4,167 50
A dded to the above, the grand total o f all money raised fo r the year is
$7,871.20.
T his does not include subscriptions that are not yet in hand, nor does it
include some funds which have been raised, but have not yet been expended.
T A T IE N
D IS T R IC T
T atien (D u ach en g) D istrict includes the city o f T a tien and surrounding villages.
I t covers parts o f three counties and contains representatives o f thirteen. T h e dis
trict covers a large area, but is sparsely settled. T h e roads are rough and hilly.
W e are the only m ission at w ork in this region, and our responsibility is corre
spondingly great. I t is a very fru itfu l field if in tensively cu ltiv a ted ; bu t w e have
n ot been able to occupy it even by one foreign missionary.
H n g Bo S en g , Superintendent
Because o f the disturbance caused by the bandits the A nnual Conference
was not held last autumn, but the Bishop asked me to continue as befo re in
charge o f this district. I have not much ability, and am not w orthy to hold
office, but 1 have prayed m orning and evening fo r the L ord to give me strength.
L ast year the five circuits have made good advance, but I hope that this year
all the preachers w ill w ork together to bring about a reborn church. A la s l
130
.
[1914
L ast year in the tw elfth month, 011 the tenth day, ju st as our new church was
about completed, the bandits came and surrounded the city. T h e people ran
aw ay in fear. That night I, together with the pastor, M r. Chua Sui Bi, and
eight families o f church members, took refuge in the home o f a paper maker
seven miles aw ay in the mountain. T he crying o f the children was pitiful. W e
could only trust in the L ord to care fo r us. Bad men o f the city asked the
bandits to hunt out the Christians and kill them. W e stayed in the mountains
eight days, m oving about from place to place, not daring to go back to Tatien,
but the Lord protected us and the Christians were not destroyed. T he bandits
le ft the city by the south gate. On the fourteenth day I went back to hold
service; ju st as the worship was over we heard the voices o f bandits like a
wave o f the sea coming tow ard the church. A gain the Lord was with us, and
the church members and I escaped without the bandits seeing us. T hus the Lord
saved our lives.
T he bandits armed with guns surrounded the church and searched for
Christians, but finding no one they set fire to both the new and old church
buildings, burning them to the ground. A band o f bad people stood at the side
and clapped their hands' at the sight. Such calamity coming upon the church
left our people as sheep without a f o ld ; the pastor and preachers were without a
place in which to live. W e wanted to rebuild right away, but because o f the con
tinued activity o f the bandits every one was afraid and did not know what would
happen next. I am very sorry that these conditions have greatly hindered the
advance o f the church. B ut fortunately the preachers have been very faithful.
A nd we continue to pray that this great persecution may be changed into
blessing.
T he same conditions have prevailed at Siong-hang on the Cha-Iong Circuit,
where the enemies o f the church put up on the street anonymous posters saying
all manner o f evil about the Christians, also beating some. T h ey even dared to
burn the church. T he preacher asked the magistrate for protection. Even with
all these persecutions the church has advanced at this point.
T he circumstances o f Tatien we need not mention again, except to say that
the church members have been very faith ful in their contributions. In speaking
o f the whole district, while the full members o f the church have not increased,
the number o f probationers is larger and w e hope that there is laid the founda
tion fo r a strong church. T his year w e have had few er preachers, but have
advanced in self-support. W e ask your prayers that the peace o f God may
come upon this district, and that the church may become strong in the Lord.
T E H W A D I S T R IC T
Tehw a (D eh hu a) D istrict includes the city o f T e h w a and surrounding villages.
T h e district is large, requiring a trip o f about 327 m iles to make a single round of
the district. T h e country is m ountainous, the altitudes bein g from 600 to 1,850 feet.
Th e population numbers about 46,000. T h e principal industry is the m anufacture of
pottery.
Tehwa
Tehwa (Dehhua) is located on the Shwangki River, in a mountain valley, about
eighty miles west of Hinghwa city. It is in the heart of the pottery region.
Mission is at work here, but on ly through Chinese agents.
T h e E n glish Presbyterian
Missionaries: W. F. M. S .: Misses Jessie A. Marriott, Gertrude Strawick (on
furlough), and Althea M. Todd.
1914]
H inghw a
131
In stitu tion s: W . F. M. S . : Susie L. M. Mansfield G irls’ Boarding School, Carrie
R. D on n el’s W om en’s School.
No report.
YU NGCH U N
D IS T R IC T
Yungchun (In gchung) D istrict includes the department city
o f Y ungchun and
surrounding villages. It is about 250 miles around the district.
Th is district was set apart from the Tehw a D istrict in 1907.
T h e E nglish
Presbyterian M ission is at w ork in the district.
Y u n g ch u n
Yungchun (In gchu ng) (population, 12,000) is a departm ent city located fifty
m iles southwest of H inghwa, upon the bank o f a mountain river.
T h e people are
very idolatrous and keep a number of temples in a good state o f repair.
M issionaries: Rev. Joseph W . H aw ley (on furlough) and Mrs. .H aw ley (on
furlough).
In stitu tion s: H ardy T ra in in g School, B iblical School.
N o report.
Î32
Ce n t r a l Ch in a Co n f e r e n c e
T h e Central C hin a Conference, located in the heart o f the great plain o f the
Y an gtze, includes the southern parts o f the K ian gsu Provin ce on both sides o f the
Y an gtze, and part o f the province o f Anhw ei. Th is field embraces some o f the most
populous cities o f China, together with fertile agricultural districts.
T h e country
is well provided with means o f comm unication by numerous navigable canals, rivers,
and creeks. N an k in g and C hin kian g are on the Shanghai and N an k in g R ailw ay. The
Grand C anal, w hich runs through the Kiangsu Province, is o f immense commercial
im po rtan ce.. R ailroads are being constructed from N an kin g westward to the S zech
wan Province, and southwest to W uhu. T h e Tientsin Pukow R ailw ay starts north
from Pukow , the city opposite N an kin g, on the north bank o f the Y an gtze R iver. By
this road one m ay go to T ien tsin in 26 hours and P e k in g in 27.
M ission work was begun by m issionaries o f the M ethodist Episcopal Church in
1867, and this region was set apart as the Central China M ission in 1869. T h e first
annual m eeting w as held at K iu kian g in 1875. In accordance with an enabling act
passed by the General Conference in 1904, the Central China M ission Conference
was organized in 1907. In 1908 it was organized into an A n n ual Conference.
In 1912 the C onference was divided into the Central China Conference and the
K ian gsi M ission Conference.
T h e form er extends up the river to and including
A n kin g, the capital o f the A n hw ei P r o v in c e ; and the latter the northern and central
part o f the K ian gsi Province, especially about the P oyan g Lake, and a part o f the
Province o f Hupeh north o f the Y an gtze .
C H IN K IA N G D IS T R IC T
Chinkiang D istrict includes the prefectural city o f Chin kian g in the Kiangsu
Province, and about a h alf dozen out-stations. T h e Grand Canal and the Shanghai
and N an k in g R ailw a y pass through this district.
Chinkiang
C hinkiang, located at the junction o f the Y an gtze R iver and the Grand Canal,
and on the Shanghai and N an k in g R ailw ay, is a city o f great com m ercial importance.
It has w ater connections w ith all parts o f the empire, and by the T ien tsin-P ukow
line has a railw ay connection with P ek in g and Tientsin. H ow natural the location
is fo r a large c ity is shown by the fa ct that before the T a ip in g rebellion C hinkiang
had a population o f 500,000.
A t the close o f that rebellion the population was
25,000, in clud in g the m ilitary camp. T o d a y it numbers fu lly 300,000, and is grow- ‘
ing rapidly. M ost o f the population is outside the city walls. T h e city has electric
lights. It is the c h ief distributing center fo r salt and rice. O n ly five other cities
in the Republic have a larger customs revenue, and it is exceeded by only one other
river port, H ankow.
O th er M ission Boards
at work here are the C hina Inland M ission, the Southern B aptist Convention, the
Southern Presbyterians, and the Protestant Episcopal.
M ission aries: M r. John W . B ovyer and Mrs. Bovyer, Rev. Fred R. Sibley (on
furlough) and Mrs. S ib ley (on furlou gh). W . F. M .’ S .: M isses Flora M. Carncross
(on furlough), Em m a E . Robbins. M .D ., Gertrude T a ft, M .D ., and Flora A . H yde.
Institutions: W . F . M . S .: B oard in g School for Girls, W om en ’s H ospital. O r
phanage, partly supported by Christian H erald funds.
,
W . F . H u m m e l , Superintendent
D uring the year considerable progress has been made in extending the influ
ence o f the church throughout the district. R egular services were held in three
new ly rented chapels south o f Chinkiang. These were crowded on almost every
occasion, with eager, attentive men and women. N ot infrequently almost h a lf
o f the audience would remain to inquire into the Gospel o r to purchase Scripture
portions. T h e church membership is now ninety-one and the probationers
B oys
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CENTRAL CHINA
Places where Methodist Episcopal Missionaries
reside, are underlined in red.
Scale o f StatffRT.Miles
. 0
50
100
Central China
133
number fifty-four. T he Southern Presbyterians have invited us to join with
them in occupying a city of 100,000 people near Chinkiang.
E d u catio n a l In stitu tio n s
The B oys’ Orphanage, under the direction o f M r. and Mrs. J. W . Bovyer,
cares fo r 100 boys, most o f whom are famine refugees. T he mornings are
given to study under Christian teachers and during the afternoon the boys w ork
on the farm or learn trades. This w orking with the hands is a distinct revolu
tion in educational methods in China. M ost o f the boys when they leave the
school engage in such trades as tailoring, shoe-making, and typesetting, while
others continue their studies in order to become teachers.
The G irls’ Boarding School— M iss F lora M. Carncross, Principal ; ■Miss
F lora A . Hyde, A ctin g Principal; Assistant, Miss Eulalia E. Fox. Enrollment,
seventy-five. T he scholars are limited because o f lack o f accommodation.
M ed ical W o r k
T he Lettie Mason Guine Hospital is under the direction o f D r. Gertrude
T a ft and Dr. E m m a E . Robbins. This is a new hospital and in the nine months
it has been open, 6,063 patients have received treatment.
N A N K IN G D IS T R IC T
N an kin g D istrict includes the city o f N anking, which is the capital of Kiangsn
Province, and the residence of the viceroy o f Kiangsu, A n hw ei and K iangsi, and
four outside circuits.
N a n k in g
N anking (population, 40,000) is the official capital of the K iangsu Province, and
is situated on the south bank o f the Y an gtze, 200 miles from Shanghai. It was the
metropolis o f China until 1403.
D urin g the revolution o f 1911 and 1912, N an kin g
was chosen as the headquarters o f the republican government.
N an kin g is now connected by railway to Shanghai, and with T ien tsin and Pekin g
by the Tien tsin -P u k ow line.
There is a city railw ay and more carriage roads
than in any other inland city in China. It exports large quantities o f raw silk and
flowered satin.
N an k in g is one of the great mission centers o f China.
W ith the
exception o f Shanghai, and, possibly, o f Peking, no city in China has such a large
body of m issionaries or such magnificent institutions.
In M ay, 19 j o , China’s first
N ational Industrial E xposition was opened in N an kin g and attracted unusual attentio n n o t only to N an kin g but also to the vast resources of the entire empire. It is
significant that the construction o f the m any magnificent buildings was intrusted to
a Christian young man, the product o f our mission schools and Am erican education.
N anking is a practical exam ple of union m issionary work in China. T h e union
institutions are : T h e U nion U n iversity .of N an kin g (seven societies) ; T h e Y an gtze
V a lley W om an’s College (just being organized) (ten or so societies) ; T h e Union
Bible T rain ing School and Th eological Sem inary (five societies) ; T h e U nion Bible
School for W om en (nine s o cie ties); T h e Union N urses’ T rain ing School (seven
societies).
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1883. O ther mission boards at
work here are the Presbyterian Mission (N o rth ), the Presbyterian M ission (South).
Protestant Episcopal Mission, Society o f Friends, Foreign Christian M issionary
Society, Y o u n g M en ’s Christian Association, and Am erican A d ven t Mission.
M ission aries: Rev. Robert C. Beebe, M .D., and Mrs. Beebe, Rev. Janies H.
Blackstone (on furlough) and Mrs. B b ck sto n c (on furlough), R ev. A rth u r J. Bowen
and Mrs. Bowen (cn furlough), Mr. W illiam F. Hummel and Mrs. Hummel, Rev.
A rthur W . M artin and Mrs. M artin, Rev. W illiam M illw ard and M rs. M illward,
Rev. H arry F. Row e (.on furlough) and Mrs. Rowe (on furlough), Rev. W ilbur
F. W ilson and Mrs. W ilson, M iss Adelaide M. W ixon , Dr. Fran k P. Gaunt. W . F.
M. S .: M isses E lizabeth Goucher, M ary G. Kesler, W in ifred E. M uir (on furlough),
Sara Peters, Ella C. Shaw, Laura M. W hite, Cora L. Rahe, Jean Loom is E dith R
Y outsey.
In stitu tio n s: N an kin g U n iversity (merged into the U n iversity o f N anking, a
Anion institution, in December, 1909) ; with several affiliated schools, Philander Smith
134
Memorial H ospital.
W . F. M. S . : G irls’ Boarding School, and the A rv illa
Memorial Bible W om en’s School.
Lake
L i Y u in S h e n , Superintendent
E d w ard
Jam es,
M issionary-in-Charge
T he w ork on this district may be divided, fo r convenience, in to : the w ork
in and around the city o f N anking and the w ork at the out-stations, no one o f
which is nearer than twenty miles to the city. A ll the w ork in the city is
accessible from the homes o f the workers but the country w ork requires travel
usually on donkeys, and from two to three weeks for each trip.
There are four appointments outside o f the city. T he w ork at these outstations during the year has prospered, but for good reasons the increase in the
membership has not been large.
A t Chianglingchen an addition to our property has been secured which makes
it possible fo r us to enlarge our chapel and make it more attractive. T he day
school in this place has been housed in small quarters not suitable for a school
and plans are on foot to make the school more attractive and effective.
Near Sungchwang, our next station, is a small but busy market where the
district superintendent, M r. Li, has visited but where thus far no one has been
appointed. A great deal o f interest has been shown here and before the year
passes the plan is to have the foundation o f a good w ork laid in this place.
A t Siantanyang, our largest out-station, the pastor, M r. Tsu, has been very
earnest and has done a good work. The music at most o f the out-stations would
not inspire a congregation in the United States, and there is good cause fo r
this; for there is no musical instrument in the church and no one to play it if
there were one; but Pastor T su has his own accordion and having given out
his hymns, he plays the hymn through and then leads the congregational singing
him self. T h e congregation follow him with enthusiasm and some approach to
harmony, a quality lacking in many o f the stations.
A t M ulingkwan, another out-station, a very good day school w ork is being
carried on which is winning a place for itself among the people o f this market
town.
T he w ork within the city has been very encouraging. T here are three
appointments and preaching is being carried on at two other places.
T he greatest change which has taken place within the city is the completion
o f a large institutional church, made possible through the generosity o f Rev.
W . E. Blackstone. T his church is situated on one o f the large busy streets.
H ere there is a place fo r a day school o f one hundred boys, a reading-room
where large numbers can find the best up-to-date newspapers, magazines, and
books. A street chapel, which will accom m odateover two hundred and a large
auditorium which w ill seat about tw elve hundred people are included. The
opportunity for service in this place cannot be over estimated and it is an inspira
tion to all Methodists in N anking to feel that no matter how much time and
strength they desire to give to the work, they have ample space in this commo
dious building in which to do their best.
U niversity o f Nanking— President, A . J. B ow en; Vice-President, J. E. W il
liams. Board o f Trustees (H eadquarters, 156 F ifth Avenue, N ew Y o r k C ity) :
Officers— Robert E. Speer, President; A lexan der M cLean, V ice-P residen t; Ralph
Central China
E. D iffendorfer, Secretary; Russell Carter, Treasurer. Presbyterian, N o rth :
John L. Severance, Eben B. Cobb, Robert E. Speer. Disciples o f C h rist: P ercy
F. Jerome, Joab H . Banton, A lexan der M cLean. Methodist Episcopal: F ran k
A . Horne, Ralph E. D iffendorfer, Frank M ason North. Baptist, North': James
H . Franklin, Ernest D. Burton. Baptist, South: Joshua Levering. M ethodist
Episcopal, S o u th : Ed. F. Cook. Presbyterian, S o u th : S. H . Chester.
E xam in
ers fo r the Regents o f the U niversity o f N ew Y o r k : Am os P. 'W ilder, ConsulGeneral for the U. S., S h an gh ai; A lvin W . Gilbert, V ice and Deputy Consul
for the U. S., Nanking.
T he Board o f M anagers (Headquarters, Nanking, C h in a)— Presbyterian:
Samuel Cochran, M.D., Joseph G. Garritt, Edw in C. Lobenstine, John E. W il
liams. Disciples o f C h ris t: L i H ou Fu, F rank E. Meigs, Elliott I. Osgood,
Alexander Paul. Methodist E p iscop al: Robert C. Beebe, M .D., John C. Ferguson,
Frank D. Gamewell, W ilbur F . W ilson. Presbyterian, S o u th : L. S. Morgan,
A , C. Hutchinson, M .D .. Baptist, N o rth : M. E. Eubank, M .D. Baptist, South:
Adrian S. T aylor, M .D. Methodist Episcopal, S o u th : W . H . Park, M .D.
Executive Committee o f the Board o f M anagers— R. C. Beebe, W . J. Drum
mond. E. I. Osgood, Samuel Cochran, F. E. Meigs, W . H . Park, J. E. W illiam s,
W . F. W ilson.
T he U niversity has developed preparatory and college courses which are
registered as meeting the standard o f the B oard o f Regents o f N ew Y o rk,
who grant the B .A . degrees.
A T eachers’ T rainin g and N orm al School was started in September, 1912,
fo r which property was purchased at a cost o f $20,000.
T he East China Union M edical College, operated by seven Am erican
Missions, has become a department o f the U niversity. T he H angchow M edical
College, conducted fo r over 30 years by the Church M issionary Society (E nglish)
is affiliating with us, all o f their students taking the first three years o f their
medical course at Nanking.
Upon the unanimous request o f twenty-seven different missions united
in conducting a temporary language school fo r missionaries in Shanghai the
U niversity opened a Language School and M issionary T raining Departm ent in
October, 1912.
T he Colonization W o rk is developing into an A gricultural Department. T he
experimental w ork in afforestation on the 1,000 acres on Purple M ountain is
proving successful. T he Government and gentry have granted nearly 10,000
acres o f land thirty miles north o f N anking to the Colonization Association fo r
colonizing w ork under M r. Bailie, who has been set aside by the U niversity fo r
this special work.
T he Union Bible T rainin g and T heological School conducted by five m is
sions, with seven others associated, is operating in the closest relation with the
University. Enrollment, 103.
F ifteen graduates o f Am erican colleges and universities are engaged in the
Preparatory and College w ork. Thirty-three Chinese teachers are on the staff,
sixteen o f whom have W estern education. Seven A m erican physicians are now
w orking in the medical departments.
M r. Charles S. Keene and M r. W ilson give all their time to the Language
School and M r. M eigs part time. A separate staff o f Chinese, twenty in number,
is employed exclusively fo r this department.
M r. A . A . Bullock, with two Chinese assistants trained in the Philippine
136
[1914
Norm al College and two other teachers trained in our ow n institution, have
charge o f the N orm al School.
F ive hundred and thirty students were enrolled in all departments during
the spring term. E igh ty per cent, o f the college students are Christians and
there are seventy enrolled in the Student Volunteer Band.
T he Institution now owns 70 acres o f land in N anking. T hree dormitories,
three lecture halls or recitation buildings, one science hall, one Y . M. C. A .
building, one chapel, one N orm al School building, one hospital and dispensary
and thirteen residences with appliances, make a total property value o f about
$205,000.
Departm ent o f A griculture— P ro fesso r Bailie.
T h e Departm ent o f A griculture w ill open this Fall. T he P rofessors who
are coming to this Department w ill be unable to lecture in the Chinese language
fo r some time, so only students who are thoroughly acquainted with the English
language w ill fo r the present be admitted.
In addition to a knowledge o f English students must have a general educa
tion equivalent to two years’ study in College.
T he N anking School o f T heology— President, Rev. Joshua C. Garritt, V icePresident, Rev. H a rry F. Rowe.
There have been 103 enrolled during the year— about ninety present during
each term. T hese represent eight different provinces and tw elve churches. O f
the total number enrolled forty-nine are taking the Sem inary course and fiftyfo u r the Bible T rain in g coursc. F ive students are self-supporting. O ur M ission
has seventeen students in the school. S ix o f our students graduate this year and
are ready fo r appointment.
This school is an interdenominational institution into which are merged—
Presbyterian Union Theological Sem inary o f N anking; the N anking Bible
College o f the Foreign Christian M issions; and the M ethodist F ow ler School
o f Theology. T h e union was tentatively entered into fo r a period o f two and
a h a lf years, beginning January, 1911, and thè constitution and articles o f agree
ment have been adopted by the Board o f M anagers and by the controlling
Missions concerned. T he school has taken over the plant form erly established
by the Presbyterian Theological Sem inary founded in 1904 and the buildings
and grounds have been extended.
T h e M ethodist Hospital, or Philander Smith M emorial, as it is known, was
built in 1885, and was the first hospital, Chinese or foreign, to be opened in
Nanking. Besides the main building, other buildings added from time to time
are the dispensary, an open air ward, buildings fo r private patients, and a church.
T he hospital has accommodations fo r eighty patients in its w ards and during
the year nearly 1,000 patients reside in the hospital and about 20,000 visits are
made to the dispensary.
This hospital is affiliated with the medical school o f the U niversity o f N an
king. Instruction in the wards with practical demonstrations in surgery in the
operating room are given to students o f the school. Robert C. Beebe, M.D.,
Physician in charge.
T H E K IA N G S I M IS S IO N C O N F E R E N C E
Th e K iangsi M ission Conference comprises prospectively all o f the provinces o f
Kiangsi, and a part o f the province o f Hupeh north o f the Yangtze. T h e parts now
occupied are the portion o f H upeh north o f the river and the north central part of
Central China
1914]
137
K ian gsi chiefly about the P oyan g Lake, and south and southeast of N an chan g for
200 miles.
T h e K ian gsi Province lies entirely to the south of the Y an gtze R iv e r and just
back o f the lirst tier c f provinces bordering the China Sea and the Pacific Ocean.
It is larger in area than the State of Ohio and has a population equal to one fifth
that of the whole U n ited States, with the population of the State of Illinois added.
N anchang, the capital, is the political, commercial, and educational center o f the
province.
Th e M ethodist Church is the only Protestant church undertaking to do
college work in this territory.
T h is Conference was, until 1912, a part of the Central China A n n ual C on fer
ence. B y an enabling act o f the General Conference of 1904 the C onference was
divided, the lower part retaining the original name, and the upper, or more interior
part, takin g the above name.
A t present only tw o cities have resident foreign missionaries, K iukian g, the
first station in Central China to be occupied by our church (18 67), and N anchang,
opened in 1894.
K IE N C H A N G F U D IS T R IC T
T h e K ien changfu D istrict, form erly a part o f the South K ian gsi D istrict, com
prises the territory of the F u R iver V alley, exten d in g from within tw en ty miles of
N an chan g on the northwest to the boundary o f the province and the watershed
between the Fu and K an Rivers on the southeast, a distance o f one hundred and
seventy-five miles.
It has an area of approximately tw elve thousand square miles
and a population o f five million two hundred thousand. T h e district has, fo r the
most part, an undulating surface, and because o f the bad roads and shallow rapid
rivers it is rather difficult of access, yet the population is dense and the fields are
kept like a garden.
O f the two prefectural cities, F uchow fu and K ienchangfu, K ien changfu is
centrally located and the natural base from which to work.
Fuchow fu, however,
can boast of a larger population and better commercial advantages. A side from our
mission, only the China Inland Mission has work in this district.
Rev. K ia n g M in g Chi is D istrict Superintendent.
N A N C H A N G D IS T R IC T
N an chan g D istrict centers around the_ provincial capital .of Nanchang, which is
located in the heart o f the province o f Kiangsi. It was part of the South K ian gsi
D istrict previous to 19 11.
A railroad is being constructed from K ik ian g to N anchang, part o f w hich is now
in operation.
Nanchang
N an chan g (population, 800,000) is the capital city o f the province of K iangsi,
and situated at the junction of the Kan and Fu Rivers, at the head o f steam n aviga
tion, about thirty miles south of the P oyan g Lake. T'here are 4,000 business places
inside the walls and as m any in the suburbs. T h e degree of intelligence is high.
B eggars are seldom seen in the city. It is one o f the wealthiest cities o f China— a
center of porcelain, grass cloth, lumber, tea, indigo, and rice trade.
It has many
governm ent schools.
T h e buildings of the provincial university stand where once
stood the old exam ination halls. A large electric lighting system has been installed
by Japanese.
Other Boards at work
here are the China Inland Mission, the Am erican Protestant Episcopal M ission (no
foreign m issionaries), and the Christian M ission (“ Brethren” ).
M issionaries: R ev. Francis C. Gale (.on furlough) and Mrs. Gale, M .D
(on
furlough), Rev. W illiam R. Johnson and Mrs. lohnson, Rev. John R. Trin dle and
Mrs. Trin dle, John G. Vaughan, M .D ., and Mrs. Vaughan.
W . F. M. S . : Misses
Zula F. Brown, W elthy B. Honsinger, Gertrude Howe, E lla E . Jordan, Id a Kahn
M .D ., M abel C. Stone, and Ilien Tang.
In stitution s: N anchang Hospital, B oys’ Academ y.
W . F. M. S .- Stephen L
B aldw in M em orial G irls’ School, W om en’s Bible T ra in in g School, W om en ’s and
C hildren’s H ospital.
SOUTH
K IU K IA N G
D IS T R IC T
.
South K iu kian g D istrict has its center in the prefectural city o f K iu kian g and
includes the region south o f the Y an gtze R iver, bounded by the w est shore o f the
P oyan g Lake.
It extends south o f K iu kian g about tw en ty m iles in the K iangsi
138
tI9 I4
Province. It is a com paratively small district, h aving an area o f only several hundred
square miles, its size depending entirely upon where one sets the southern boundary.
T h e population is estim ated at only 100,000.
Kiukiang
K iu kian g (population, 40,000) is on the Y an gtze, about 450 miles southwest of
Shanghai.
It is beautifully situated on the south bank o f the river and is nearly
surrounded by a series o f small lakes.
Like all prefectural cities, it is walled, the
w all being about five miles in circumference. T h e people are industrious and enter
prising and are noted fo r their sale of porcelain ware and silk. T h e church owns
property both outside and inside the w alls o f the city. From K iukiang, as a center,
there is a large territory accessible by boat, while some is now accessible by rail.
K iu kian g is the oldest M ethodist Episcopal mission station in Central China,
having been opened in 1867. O th er mission boards at w ork here, besides the Catholic,
a r e : T h e Protestant Episcopal M ission, T h e China Inland Mission, and- th e Christian
M ission (“ B rethren” ).
M issionaries: Rev. F r e d .R . Brown, R ev. Carl F. K u p fer and M rs K upfer, Dr.
Edw ard C. Perkins, R ev. D avid M iller. W . F. M. S . : M isses N elle Beggs, Jennie
V . Hughes, Clara E . M errill, M ary Stone, M .D ., Mabel A . W oodruii, Clella E . M c
Donnell, and M able H onsinger.
,
Institution s: W illiam N ast College. W . F. M. S .: Rulison Fish M em orial H igh
School, Eljen J. K now les Bible T ra in in g School, E lizabeth Skelton D anforth M e
m orial H ospital.
NORTH
K IU K IA N G D I S T R IC T
N orth K iu kian g D istrict includes part o f K iangsi, Anhw ei, and Hupeh P ro v
inces. T h e eight circuits cover a territory 100 m iles long and from 30 to 50 miles
wide. T h e population is estim ated at 500,000.
T h e entire w ork of the district is conducted by the Chinese district superintend
ent and the Chinese pastor.
D istrict Superintendent, R ev. Tsu T s in g Chen.
N o t e : T h e tw o districts are now tem porarily combined into one under D istrict
Superintendent T su T sin g Chen.
K A N R IV E R D IS T R IC T
Kan R iver D istrict includes the four K an R iver circuits, part o f what was
form erly the South K ian gsi District, and it extends only from the c ity o f N anchang
to Siakianghsien, a distance o f one hundred miles. Theoretically, it comprises the
va lley o f the K a n R iver with the tributary valleys and ad jacen t territory to the
west boundary o f the province, and exten din g from N an chan g on the north to the
extreme end o f the province on the south, a distance o f two hundred and fifty miles,
an area o f tw en ty thousand square miles, and 2 population o f eight or nine million
people, alm ost h alf the area o f the State o f Iow a with a population as large as the
States o f Iow a and Illinois combined.
W illiam s’s M iddle K ingdom s a y s : “ I f the
extent o f this river and the area o f the valley it drains be considered, it w ill
probably bear comparison with that o f any valley in the world fo r density of popula
tion, amount and fertility o f productions, and diligence of cultivation.”
O f the prefectural cities, N anchang, Shuichaufu, L inkian gfu , K ian fu, and
K anchaufu are in the K an R ive r V a lle y proper and along the probable route of the
first railroad through the province, while Y uen ch aufu and N an an fu are located on
tributaries o f the K an and lie near the w est boundary o f the province.
T h e C hristian M issions in M an y Lands and China Inland M ission have - work
in the district, but most o f the territory is practically unoccupied and a large field
lies before our church to be developed.
D
a v id
M
il l e r ,
Superintendent
Our church should be occupying the entire field with w ork in the thirtynine walled cities, whereas with our present force o f w orkers we are occupying
s ix !
T h e Macedonian cry is heard on every hand. Less than twenty years
ago this province was not only one o f the most conservative in adopting western
ideas of learning and commercial enterprise but also *one o f the most antiforeign in all China. To-day, it is one o f the most progressive. Railw ays are
Central China
139
being constructed, mines are being opened, and the vast resources o f the province
are being developed. When the means o f transportation become available, there
w ill be commercial activity on every hand.
One can travel throughout the length and breadth o f this province and
receive an earnest and respectful hearing to the gospel message.
B ut how inadequate our fo rces! T w o foreign workers in direct evangelistic
w ork and some six or seven native h elp ers! Think of the Stale o f N ew Y o rk
with such a staff o f w orkers to grapple with the
problem o f evangelizing and
educating these nine millions o f p eople!
During a visit to H siahchiang circuit, the follow ing incident occurred which
will illustrate to you the present-day spirit o f the Chinese people. T he leading
official o f the city was dismissed for graft. The morning on which he left fo r
his home in the province o f Anhuet, a large crowd of people gathered presum
ably to show their appreciation of his services and deep regret at his departure.
Previous to the official going on board his junk and setting sail down river, the
people paraded the streets to accompaniment o f gongs, flutes and many other
kinds o f weird looking instruments. Some were carrying scrolls o f different
colors with large characters written thereon, not, as one would suppose, extoll
ing the official’s virtues, but on the contrary saying how fond he was of money.
The most amusing part o f the procession, however, was the carrying o f a
coffin with a paper man inside, having one arm extended through a hole in
the coffin with fingers in a grasping attitude, illustrating the Chinese proverb,
“ Si liao hai yao chien” (Dead, still wants m oney). A fte r the crowd had finished
parading the streets they made their way to the riverside and stood by the side
o f the official’s jun k exhibiting the scrolls and coffin, at the same time laughing
and jokin g and making a great noise. A few years ago the people would not
have dared to act in this way. It meant a tremendous loss o f face to the official,
who I suppose would have soon lost his head as lose his “ face.” One o f our
members remarked to me at the time, “ Can you imagine any man o f intelligence,
fo r the sake o f a few paltry dollars losing his ‘ face’ in such a manner?”
It might be a good thing if the Occidental grafters were treated in like
fashion.
T he statistics o f the Kan R iver D istrict are as fo llo w s :
F ull members, 135; baptized children, 27; probationers, 117; inquirers, 203;
total number o f Christians, 482.
Kan R iver D istrict has nineteen day schools and one intermediate school
with 413 pupils. The budget for the year was $5,494. Received from tuition,
$838.20; from local subscriptions, $1,526; from the parent Board, $2,804, and
from outside sources, $1,164. T o tal amount received, $6,322.20.
M ed ical W o r k
Dr. K ahn’s report for the W om en’s and Children’s Hospital is both inter
esting and encouraging. The new w ing is completed and there is now a hospital
which would do credit to any western city. Dr. Kahn’s influence among people
o f all classes continues to grow and she is respected by rich and poor alike,
not only fo r her ability, but also for her large-heartedness. T h e hospital statistics
fo r the year are as fo llo w s :
Number of in-patients, 158; number o f out-visits, 246; number o f dis
pensary visits (n ew ), 8,744; number o f dispensary visits (o ld ), 12,570; total,
21,718.
140
[1914
I cannot close this report without m aking mention o f the W orld-W ide D ay
o f Prayer held on October 4. T he meeting was held in our Central Church.
O w ing to the limited number o f seats, admission was by ticket. A ll the different
missions were represented. T he m ilitary and civil governors sent their deputies,
and many other officials were present.
A most remarkable and effective
address was delivered by Dr. Y . C. Chang, chief accountant of the Salt A uditing
Bureau, Nanchang. Dr. Chang was graduated from our Methodist College in
Foochow, Fukien province. In his address he said many striking things. Here
is one.
“A few years ago, China was looked upon by W estern nations as a heathen
nation, but today, we as a nation are gathered together in all parts o f the
Empire to pray fo r the peace o f Europe and the world. W h y do we not pray
to the idols? Because w e have learned to know the only, wise, loving, and true
God. Does this w ar amongst so-called Christian nations not prove the failure
o f Christianity? B y no means, it only proves absolute necessity o f Christianity.
Perm anent peace w ill only be secured when the hearts o f men are governed by
the principles o f the Kingdom o f God.”
D uring Dr. Chang’s address there were frequent outbursts o f applause.
N ew Testam ents with leather bindings are being presented to all the lead
ing officials in the city.
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141
N o r t h Ch in a Co n f e r e n c e
T h e North China Conference o f the M ethodist Episcopal Church theoretically
includes the provinces o f Shantung, Honan, Chihli, and the Chinese R epublic north of
them. T h e theoretical lim its o f this Conference include an area about equal to the
part o f the U n ited States which is east o f the M ississippi R iver.
T h e population
w ithin these bounds is several m illions greater than that of the entire continent o f
N orth Am erica.
T h e preaching places of the M ethodist Episcopal M ission are
almost all in the provinces of Shantung and Chihli, the m ajority being in the latter
province, which contains the capital city, Peking.
T h e actual territory in which
the mission of the M ethodist Episcopal Church is at work contains 124,000 square
miles, a territory equal to that o f the States of Ohio, Illinois, and Indiana com
bined, w ith a population o f about 59,917,000. T h e Conference includes three nation
alities— Chinese, M ongols, and Manchus. T h e mission work is done in the Chinese
language.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was commenoed in 1869, and the Conference
was organized in 1893.
O ther missions w orking in this same territory are: the
B aptists and Presbyterians in S h a n tu n g ; the Canadian P resb y te rian s and China
Inland M ission in H o n a n ; the Baptists, Congregationalists, and China Inland M is
sion in S h a n s i; the Scotch and Irish Presbyterians in M a n ch u ria ; and in the prov
ince of Chihli, the fo llo w in g : South Chihli Mission, China Inland M ission, London
M issionary Society, Am erican Board o f Com m issioners for Foreign M issions, Board
o f Foreign M issions o f the Presbyterian Church in the U n ited States o f Am erica,
Society for the Propagation o f the Gospel in Foreign Parts, Am erican B ible Society,
British and Foreign Bible Society, N ational Bible Society o f Scotland, U n ited M eth
odist Church Foreign Missions, Y o u n g M en ’ s Christian Association, Christian M is
sions in M any Lands (Plym outh Brethren), M issions to the Chinese B lind and
Illiterate Sighted, Foreign M issions o f the Presbyterian Church in Ireland, Y oun g
.W om en’s Christian Association.
N O R T H P E K IN G D IS T R IC T
T h e N orth P e k in g D istrict includes the T artar city of Pek in g and the w alled
cities Changpingchow, H wailai, M iyun, and Y enkingchow .
T h e area o f the district
is about 7,000 square miles. In the mountains north of Pek in g a large amount of
coal is found.
Th e P ek in g K algau Railroad runs through the district.
T h e great
camel road from Russia crosses this district, and early in the fa ll thousands of
sheep and oxen are brought through the district from the plains o f M ongolia.
A ll of the M ethodist churches o f this district were destroyed by the Boxers
in 1900, and at most of the places all the church members were killed. T h e A m eri
can Presbyterian Church is w orking in part o f the district.
P e k in g
P ek in g (population about 700,000) has been the capital o f the Chinese empire
for six hundred years.
I t is situated in the province of Chihli, about 100 m iles
northwest o f the mouth o f the
Pei R iver. T h e city was
built in 1267, and consists
o f two sections, each surrounded by its own w all.
T h e Chinese city on the south
contains about ten square miles, w hile the T artar city on the north has an area
o f sixteen square miles.
Th e city contains m any handsome dw ellings and gardens
o f princes and court officials. Th e imperial palace covers a considerable area in the
center of the northern city. T h e Im perial R ailw ay
has been extended within
the lim its o f the southern city,
also the P eking-H ankow
R ailw ay. In the streets o f
Peking, Chinese, Manchus. M o n g o ls , Tibetans, Koreans, and every people o f A sia
are found together. T h e residence compound, hospitals, and higher schools o f the
M ethodist Episcopal M ission are in the Tartar city.
There are four churches and
street chapels in the city.
M ission aries: Rev. F rederick Brown and Mrs. Brown (on furlou gh), Rev.
W alter W . D a vis and Mrs. D avis, Mr. Robert J. Dobson, Rev. Carl A. F e lt and Mrs.
Felt, R ev. F ran k D. Gam ewell and Mrs. Gam ewell, R ev. John M cG . Gibb, Jr., and
Mrs. Gibb, R ev. Isaac T . H eadland (on furlough) and Mrs. H eadland (on furlough).
Rev. William T . H obart and Mrs. Hobart (on furlough), Rev. Nehemiah S. Hop
kins, M .D., and M rs. H opkins, Rev. H arry E. K in g and Mrs. King, O liv e r J. Krause
and Mrs. Krause, Spencer Lew is and Mrs. Lew is, George D . Low ry, M .D ., and
Mrs. Low ry, Rev. H iram H. Low ry and Mrs. Lowry, M iss Alice Terrell and Mr.
Edw ard J. W inans.
W . F. M. S .: M isses E velyn B. Baugh, D ora C. Fearon,
142
Josephine O . F ear on, Gertrude Gilman, A n n a D. Gloss, M .D ., Frances J. Heath,
M .D ., Frances Gray, M yra A . Jaquet, M rs. Charlotte M. Jew ell (on furlough),
Em m a M. K n ox, M . M abel M anderson, M .D . (on furlou gh), A lic e M. Pow ell,
M innie Stryker, M .D ., and M aude L . W heeler.
Institutions: P ek in g U n iversity, John L . H opkins M em orial H ospital. W . F.
M. S .: W om en’s T ra in in g School, E lizabeth Sleeper D a vis M em orial H ospital,
M ary Porter Gam ewell School.
R ev. S u n C h i u K ao , Superintendent
A sbu ry Church, L iu Fang, Pastor. T his year there have been added to
the church 224 probationers. T w o thirds o f these are from the official and
student classes, and nearly all o f the remaining third from the merchant class.
T hree o f our new members were m ajors in the army. O f these M ajor Feng
has since become a general. H e has led most o f his officers to become Chris
tians, and on Sunday morning he m ay be seen regularly sitting in the -church
w ith these men. V ery soon after accepting Christ he sent once a week a jun ior
officer who understood Chinese music to learn the church hymns in order to
teach the soldiers to sing, and in about two weeks all the soldiers o f his com
mand w ere singing Christian hymns instead o f heathen songs while they were
drilling. T here is a preaching service every Sunday for those who have joined
the church and all interested since they were moved to San Chia Tien, a place
ten miles west o f Peking. T hree hundred Bibles have been sold to the men
and Bible classes have been organized. So that the regiment now seems to be
like a small church set down in the midst o f the Chinese armj". D u rin g the
year there have been 104 adults and thirty-four children baptized. E a rly in
the year the Rev. J. H . Smith from Am erica conducted a ten days’ revival,
greatly strengthening us all.
O ur Sunday school in four departments is
under th e'lea d ersh ip o f graduates from the U n iversity: A dult department,
47 teachers, 392 students; Junior department, 21 teachers, 176 students; Prim ary
department, 55 teachers, 220 students; Special department, 8 teachers, 80 stu
dents; Total, 131 teachers, 868 students.
Children’s Day, the first o f June, was a new feature in our church this year.
N early 500 children came with their p aren ts; about 1,600 attended the service,
and the church was so crowded that the children had to sit on their m others’
laps.
P ekin g U n iversity: Board o f Trustees, N ew Y o rk City— Charles H . T aft,
T reasu rer; H . K . Carroll, L L.D ., G. P. Eckman, D.D., J. F. Goucher, D.D.,
V ice-P residen t; Bishop L. B. W ilson, D.D., Frank Mason North, DD., Secre
tary ; W . V . Kelley, D.D., President; G. B. Hodgman, N. A . Ingraham, J. E dgar
L eaycraft.
Standing Committees— E x e c u tiv e : H. E. King, C. D. Tenny, G. R. Davis,
W . A . P. M artin. Carl A . Felt. J. H. P y k e; Finance: O. J. Krause, J. W .
Bashford, Paul S. Reinsch, W a n g Shen, N. S. Hopkins, H . E. K in g ; Grounds
and Buildings: H. E. King, N. S. Hopkins, F. A . A glen, S. E. Meech, John
W h erry ; L ibrary and M useum : W , A . P. Martin, H. R. Davis, John W herry,
L o Chi Ming.
Representatives o f the Board o f M anagers o f the Union M edical College—
H . H . Low ry, J. H. Pyke, W . T . Hobart. J. W . Bashford, Chen T asi Hsin,
Carl A . Felt.
Board o f Managers, Poking— Rev. H. H. Low ry, D.D., (ex-officio), P resi
1914]
North China
143
dent; Hon. Paul S. Reinsch, V ice-P resid en t; Sir John Jordan, V ice-P resid en t;
Rev. W . A . P. Martin, L L.D ., V ice-P residen t; Rev. Carl A . Felt, S ecretary;
Mr. O. J. Krause, T re a su re r; M r. F . A . Aglen, Rev. W . T . H obart, D D ., S ir
John Jordan, Mr. L o C h’i Ming, G. D. N. Low ry, M.D., Rev. C. E . E w ing, Hon.
C. D. Tenney, LL.D ., Rev. Burton St. John; Hon. Paul S. Reinsch, L L .D .,
Rev. J. W herry, D.D., Bishop J. W . Bashford, D.D., Professor Ch’en T sai Hsin,
Ph.D., Rev. H . E. K in g, Ph.D., Rev. G. R. Davis, D.D., Rev. C arl A . Felt, Rev.
George D. W ilder, Rev. W . A . P. Martin, D.D., L L.D ., Rev. S. Evans Meech,
Rev. J. H. Pyke, D.D., M r. W an g Ching C h’un, PhD., Rev. G. T . Candlin, D.D.,
Mr. 0 . J. Krause, N. S. Hopkins, M D ., Mr. W an g Shen.
Faculties— H. H. Low ry, A.M ., D.D., President; H. E. K ing, A .M ., M .Pd.,
Ph.D., Vice-President. College o f Liberal A rts— H. H . Low ry, A .M ., D.D.,
I. T. Headland, Ph.D., S.T.D ., LL.D ., H. E. King, A.M ., M .P d , Ph.D ., A lice
Terrell, A .B., Edna A . H . King, A .B., M .Ph., N. S. Hopkins, A .M ., M.D., O et
A . Chir, J. McG. Gibb, Jr., A .B ., W . W . Davis, A .B ., R. J. Dobson, A .M ., E . J.
Winans, M .A . Preparatory Department— H. E. King, A lice Terrell, J. McG.
Gibb, Jr., W . W . Davis, R. J. Dobson. , College o f Theology— H . H . Low ry,
W . T . Hobart, G. T . Candlin, Carl A . Felt, E. J. W inans.
North China College o f Medicine— Thom as Cochrane, Principal E m e ritu s;
E. J. Stuckey, E . R. W heeler, N . S. Hopkins, M.D., J. H. Ingram, M.D., G. D.
Low ry, E. J. Peill, C. W . Young, H . V . Wenham, J M. Stenhouse, J. G. Cormack,
B. E. Read.
Committee on Lectures— G. Douglas Gray, M.D., R. C. Leslie, M.D., Charles
Lewis, M.D., F- E . Dilley, M .D.
President’s Report for the Year 1914
It is with deep regret that we have to begin this report with the announce
ment o f the great loss the U niversity has sustained during the year in the death
o f Trum an D. Collins at his home in Nebraska, Pa. Dr. K in g w as w ith him
during his last illness.
Peking U n iversity has lost one o f its best friends and supporters. H e was
deeply interested in the development o f the University, and “ Collins H all,” made
possible by his generous gift, \îll be a perpetual memorial o f his generous
purposes. H e had in mind large plans fo r future buildings and endowment,
which, had he lived to carry them out, would have placed his name am ong the
princely givers to the cause o f education in China. H e was unostentatious in
manner, o f great force o f character, and o f unusual business ability. H e lived
very simply and was always ready to -give liberally to any cause that in his
judgm ent seemed worthy. H e loved to give, and did not hamper his g ifts
by making em barrassing conditions. H e recognized that the most important
w ork of the church in mission lands was to prepare leaders fo r the evangeliza
tion o f their own people. T his led him to make large contributions to the
creation and enlargement o f educational institutions, not in China only, but in
India and other mission fields, as w ell as in the United States.
Collins Hall
Since our last meeting Collins H all has been completed, and presents a fine
appearance among our group o f college buildings. A lthough it had not been
furnished at the beginning o f the semester, yet a large number o f students were
satisfied to use tem porary furniture rather than not be received into the U n i
i 44
[1914
versity. F o r several weeks many o f them were compelled to open their bedding
on the floors, but no complaint was made. T he steam heating plant and electric
lights were installed at the beginning o f the cold weather greatly to the delight
and com fort o f the students.
Status of University
T he number o f students enrolled at the U niversity has been lim ited,on ly
by the capacity o f our buildings. T he number in attendance during the year
has been : Graduate students, 7; in the A rts College, 74; U iiion M edical College,
130; Theological school, 24; Biblical Institute, 4 1; Preparatory School, 228;
Special, 102. Total, not counting any twice, 408.
Some improvements have been made in the curriculum, and a committee
has been appointed by the faculty to make our courses to more nearly correspond
to the Government schools. T he changes contemplated w ill raise the grade in
the A rts College by one year’s w o rk ; the present Freshman course w ill become
the Senior year fo r the Preparatory Department, thus requiring seventeen years’
study fo r graduation.
,
University Lectures
Special attention is called to a series o f most interesting and able lectures
on Political Science delivered by Pro fesso r F . J. Goodnow, Ph.D., adviser to
President Yuan Shih K ai, and recently honored by being elected to the P resi
dency o f Johns H opkins U niversity. Interesting and instructive lectures have
been given at chapel by D r. Paul S. Reinsch, M inister o f the United States to
C hina; Rev. J. E . W illiam s, V ice-Presiden t o f the U niversity o f N anking; Dr.
C. F. Hubbard, Pastor o f U nion Church, P ekin g; Dr. H arry P ra tt Judson,
President o f the U n iversity o f Chicago. A series o f very valuable lectures was
delivered by Dr. James G. Rodger, President o f the International U niversity
Union.
Work in the Classes
D u rin g the year there have been three classes in Elem entary Physics, two
being taught in Chinese and one in English. In connection with these classes
there have been five sections in laboratory w ork. A lso throughout the year
two graduate students, instructors in Pekin g University, have taken regular
class w ork in this department. One has taken w ork in the regular Physics.
T he other spent the first semester on general Physics and the second on Applied
Mechanics. D urin g the year the second half o f the M anual fo r L aboratory
work in Chinese was thoroughly revised.
Needs
T h e needs o f the department are many, but may all be summed up in one
word— apparatus. W e have a good equipment fo r both lecture and laboratory
w ork in Elem entary Physics, except that the number o f pieces o f apparatus
ought to be doubled at least. B ut when it comes to doing work that in the
United States would be considered o f College grade, we have very few pieces
o f apparatus that are suitable.
Chemistry Department
In the department o f Chem istry this year there have been four classes at
1914]
North China
145
work— two H igh School classes, one o f boys, numbering fifty, and one class
from the girls’ H igh School o f over twenty.
In the College department a class o f about a dozen have completed a
thorough course o f qualitative analysis. T his has comprised six hours o f
practical w ork and one o f lecture or recitation every week. One class a little
smaller has completed a course in general Chem istry o f three hours of lectures
and recitations and four hours o f practical work.
T he budget fo r n ext year’s w ork w ill be near $800 gold. A special appeal
, is being made at home fo r part o f this money. T he department has had some
commercial analysis to do, and this it is hoped will become a source o f income
fo r the department.
New Course
N e xt year a course in quantitative analysis w ill be added to the two already
given, and possibly one in O rganic Chem istry w ill be offered. This depends
on the number o f students wishing to take such a course.
Biology Department
The first regular w ork in the B iology department began with the second
semester this year. Rooms in one o f the dormitories were fitted up to serve
tem porarily as laboratories. T he course offered was an elementary one in
N atural H istory in the Fourth Y e ar Preparatory class, fifty-fo u r students being
enrolled.
Theological Department
W ith regard to our Theological department we feel that we have an almost
ideal arrangement. A ll College and Preparatory courses are open to the students
in the College o f T heology and Bible Institutes respectively. Men are thus able
to strengthen where they are w eak w ithout additional hours o f teaching on thè
part of the T heological Faculty.
Enrollment
T he enrollment in the Bible Institute, forty-one; and College o f Theology,
tw enty-four. O f the forty-one who enrolled, thirty-one completed the year’s
w ork satisfactorily.
O f those in the College o f T heology who have not completed their Liberal
A rts course is a goodly number who w ill take advantage o f the opportunity
offered and by electing one year’s w ork in theology w ill be able to complete their
College and Professional courses in six years instead o f seven. T h e present
urgent demand fo r preachers and the difficulty experienced by so many in con
tinuing so long in school commends this plan, at least fo r the present in China.
T he union with the United Methodist Church is providing a most satis
factory arrangement.
In addition to the regular class w ork all the students have been in constant
touch with the various Street Chapels. E very afternoon they have gone two
by two to this work.
It is particularly valuable fo r it keeps them in touch with the actual prob
lems o f the soul-saving propaganda.
T he China Continuation Committeee at their last m eeting recommended
‘‘l h a t where theological students have previously studied any European lan
146
[1914
guage, this language be employed in the theological college, so as to conserve
and make useful the knowledge which the students have already acquired.” T his
course we have follow ed during the year w ith satisfactory results.
A healthy stimulus has been given by the various competitive sports in
which our students have participated. Meets have been held with Ching Hua
College and Tungchow Union College. T he culmination o f the events o f the
year was the N orth China meet and the N ational meet held in the great park
o f the Tem ple o f Heaven, which had been freely opened fo r the occasion by
the M inister o f the Interior. P rizes and contributions tow ard the expenses were
made by (he President and other high officers o f the Government.
W e were very well satisfied with the perform ance o f our students in the
various events, but w e aim to impress upon them that the fact o f far greater
importance than winning events is the cultivation o f the spirit o f manliness,
promptness, and obedience in the friendly rivalry with other teams, and the
development o f bodily strength and endurance that w ill secure a perfect physical
machine with which to meet the serious struggles o f life.
The religious life o f the students has had carefu l attention. Scholarship
must »be maintained, but scholarship without religion loses its great power to
bless humanity. It is with great thankfulness that I refer to a series o f evan
gelistic meetings conducted by members o f the faculty this past semester. A t
tendance was entirely voluntary, but the students w ere present in large numbers
at each meeting.
A t the close o f the meetings ninety-eight joined together in a band pledging
each other to devote their lives to the Christian ministry. T w en ty Bible Classes
w ere formed, taught by some o f the students and members o f the faculty.
Volunteer Band
T he report o f the labors o f the Volunteer Band, prepared b y 'M iss Terrell,
is fu ll o f interest and w ill certainly be an encouragement to the friends who
have so freely contributed to the expenses o f the members o f the Band who
spend the long summer vacation in evangelistic w ork. T h e Band recently
celebrated the tenth anniversary o f their organization. T h e total enrollment
during the ten years has been 238, o f whom 41 have been graduates.
Union Educational Work
Concerning the proposed federation o f higher education in China, the
policy is agreed upon that all departments are. to be under one general manage
ment and parts o f a single interdenominational institution.
N o alteration in the Certificate o f Incorporation is contemplated, nor change
o f the name o f P ekin g U niversity, except the election o f an equal number o f
Trustees from the T hree Mission Boards (M ethodist Episcopal, Am erican, and
Presbyterian). A ll denominational schools below college grade w ill remain
under the control and be supported by the individual missions.
Union in theological teaching has not yet been definitely decided upon, but
the general opinion is that this w ill also be federated with the U niversity, that
is, fo r students o f college grade, w hile the Bible Institutes w ill remain as at
present under the M issions carrying on such work.
Full provision is made fo r other M issio n s'to enter the Federation with
equal rights and privileges in the educational facilities o f the U niversity, but
the property w ill be held by the T rustees as modified by the election o f equal
North China
147
representatives o f the three churches mentioned. O ther Missions w ill have the
privilege o f erecting dorm itories adjacent to the U niversity grounds w here they
can care fo r their students in discipline a n d . religious instruction according to
their own ideas, or make any arrangement for them they deem wise or prac
ticable.
SO U T H P E K IN G D IS T R IC T
Th e South P ekin g D istrict includes the southern or Chinese city o f Peking,
and stretches south about six ty miles. It includes the counties o f K w an, Yungching,
and Pachow .
It is not over thirty-five m iles wide.
T h e area o f the district is
about 1,000 square miles, and the population, possibly 500,000. T h e country is very
low and crossed by several rivers, so that whenever the rains are heavy the people
are flooded out. T h e railw ay from P ekin g to T ien tsin crosses the district.
O n ly
M andarin is spoken.
T h e A m erican Board occupies territory to the w est o f us,
and the London M ission to the east, while the A n glican M ission has a station in
Y u n gch in g city.
C arl
A.
F
elt,
Superintendent
The first time I made the rounds of the circuits all looked dark. T he rains
had damaged our property seriously. W alls had fallen, roofs had leaked, and
the insides of churches and parsonages were in a sad state. Rains and floods
had destroyed the crops o f the people; hunger was staring them in the face.
N o wonder our people were not buoyantly hopeful.
W e have built a com fortable little church at Peiyin. A year ago the
proposition was made to furnish these brethren $300 if they would do the rest.
T hey have nobly responded and have during the year subscribed another $100.
T hey now have a church large enough fo r the needs of the community, a good
school room for boys, and a com fortable four-room parsonage.
P u rch ase o f L a n d
A t H uangt’sun we have been cramped for room. T here has been no place ,
fo r schools either fo r girls or bo}rs. Last Autumn came our opportunity to buy
the piece which my predecessors, Davis, Pvke, and Hobart, had in turn desired
to secure. The tumbled down walls were repaired and the rickety old house
fixed up. T he boys and girls have thus had a com fortable place in which to
study during the year. B ut best o f all we have the land so that later when the
means comes we can build respectable school buildings, an inquiry room, and a
room for the District Superintendent. Up to the present the m issionary has
had to make his bed in the church. Sleeping in church does not seem to me
a good example for a District Superintendent to set the people.
O p e n in g U p a C h in ese R o c k y F o rd
Repairing, building, buying, renting! T he first three operations I much
prefer because they signifj' permanency, and }?et renting is sometimes necessary
and often wise in a new place. Several years ago some D istrict Superintendent
with a vision of what ought to be done wrote in the list o f appointm ents:
Lihsien, Melon seed Lihsien. W ater melon seeds are a delicacy. In the days
gone by this city was the midst o f the greatest melon seed producing district o f
the countrj- and was described as the Melon seed city.
•
I f God does not make possible the opening o f this place before Conference
we will drop the name from our lists. N ot very many days after came a letter
148
from one o f God’s stewards in the home land saying that he was m aking a
contribution to be used in opening up new w ork. A t once I thought o f the
Melon seed city. G od not only prepared the funds but ju st at that time there
was a man who had completed the course o f study fo r exh orters and fo r local
preachers who was ready to leave his business and accept an appointment to
preach the W ord. I told him to go. A t first he lived in a poor little inn.
A t first the people said, “ W e have many o f your people here.” H e w as not
welcome. Soon it became known that he was not the same. T h e form er, whose
works were disapproved, were Rom an Catholics. W hen the people knew that
the new arrival was o f the Jesus Church they changed entirely and welcomed
him. T h e y helped him find a building in the very center o f the best part o f
town. One o f those who assisted was the M anager o f the British Am erican
Tobacco Company. T h e y have long ago entered the field. Somehow they have
the funds to go everywhere and preach the gospel o f the cigarette. W ould that
w e were able to meet our opportunities as they a r e ! T he people are ready
fo r us. On the day when I w as to visit Lihsien the official and select men o f
the city awaited me. T h e n ext day I was invited to an elaborate feast. A ssu r
ances w ere many f that the people w ere glad indeed to have us come. T hey
desire a school fo r their boys and one fo r their girls. A fine place is now on
the m arket fo r a very moderate sum. T he owner, who is a Mohammedan, would
be glad to sell to us and his price is moderate.
W h at is more, this same man in his own village, ten li from Lihsien, offers
three large rooms completely furnished if we w ill send a man to their village
to teach their children. T h e y w ill give us perfect liberty to teach Christianity
and preach.
The Leaven Working
L ast spring I baptized a dear little five-year-old whose father had carried
him fifteen li pig-a-back in order to present him to the Lord. T his man some
.s ix years before had learned o f Christ in our P ekin g hospital. Though perse
cuted at home “ he knew H im in whom he had believed,” and brought his little
one to Jesus. Mother, w ife, brother, and neighbors all persecuted him, yet
he was sweetly patient, faith fu lly witnessed.
F ive months after I was there again. T he mother, eighty-five years old, at
a time o f sickness a fte r one o f her son’s seasons o f explaining and pleading
that she w ould get acquainted with her Lord, follow ed by her custom ary abusive
retorts, w as le ft alone. A s she lay she thought and thought. “ Suppose it were
true,” she said. A ll o f a sudden a great light entered her soul and she said,
“ It must be tru e; it is tru e; I believe it is true.” W ith jo y she told her son.
H e rejoiced in tears. She could not go to the little one-room church which is
used as kitchen, bedroom, guest room, church, etc. Indeed she need not go.
H er name was entered on the church record, however, as a probationer. T hey
asked me in fea r and trem bling fo r fear I would not baptize the old mother.
T h e privilege I felt was mine. I talked with and exam ined the old lady. H er
faith was simple and sure. W ith jo y I baptized her in the name o f “ T he Father
and o f the Son and o f the H o ly Ghost.” T hus we have the three generations,
grandmother o f eighty-five, son and father o f forty-eight, and son o f five years.
T h e little lad’s mother has also believed and became a probationer. T he brother
not yet. H e is a heathen indeed. W hen his old mother announced her intention ’
p f becoming a Christian, he said, “ I f you propose to join the heretic Christians
1914]
North China
149
you can’t live with me. Y o u can go and live with him o f your sort.” T he elder
son, though fa r less able to care for his mother, said, “ Come, Mother, w e will
live together in the jo y of the L ord.”
This is not all. H e faithfully witnesses day by day. W ith a sack o f
Gospels slung over his shoulder he witnessses fo r Jesus on his w ay. to and
from the fairs— in fact, wherever he goes. He owns six mou o f land, almost
an acre. T his he offers to us if we will build a little three or four-room build
ing in which to house a school and the teacher-preacher, onty requesting that
he may have enough room to put up a small home on the other end, fo r he
says to me, “ I have seen your little boy who has had the opportunity o f Chris
tian training, and I want my little boy whom God gave me at forty-five years
old, the year after I believed the Gospel, to grow up near the church. I ’ll do
my best but I want the church to help me. I only hope that when he is older
he will not be satisfied to live near the church, but that living very near to the
L ord he will give his whole life in the service o f the Christ whom I find so
precious.” In all twenty-eight have joined on probation. Renting, yes, we have
to, but isn’t it worth while to give these anxious ones a chance?
Peking reminds me o f that great city to which Tonah unwillingly went. T he
whole southern part is practically given up to us with its nearly 500,000 in
habitants. In the spring time Dr. Sheets visited us. A fte r several days o f travel
ing in and out and along her long miles of streets, seeing her congested
thoroughfares, everybody housing a soul which the Christ came to save, he said
to me, “ Y o u indeed have a tremendous task and w onderful opportunity. People
equal in number to one sixth o f our whole Korean responsibility are here at
your doors.”
W hen first Drs. Low ry, Davis, and Pilcher began to go there they were
hated and hunted, driven from place to place. T he form er two have lived to
be stoned to be sure, but also to see thousands o f members in our M ethodist
Church in N orth China, and tens o f thousands o f adherents who live to praise
and bless the w ork begun by these heroes o f the seventies.
T hey found a city closed and barricaded against them. T o d ay I enter a
city with gates and hearts wide open. T hey were driven from street to street.
W e, their follow ers, are invited to feasts and festivals on the same streets. Then
there was m oney to rent and buy churches but no one w illing to sell to the
barbarians. N ow we are overwhelmed with opportunity and money insufficient
to meet the opportunity. Then people ‘would not listen, much less permit their
children to come under Christian influence. But now what a ch an ge! T he
crowds gather to hear; the children crowd our schools, and many quarters call
fo r teachers to teach their boys and girls, for they say the church school boys
and girls have a hope and a sure chance to better their condition in life. T he
political and business w orld is honeycombed with them. T h ey constantly show
their worth.
Business men in China keep open shop seven days per week. In early
years to suggest that a man should be a Christian and expect him to close his
store one day in seven was preposterous. Y esterday on my return from a service
where six were baptized, I passed along one of the busiest streets in the city
just outside the great Ch’ienmen. M y eyes lit upon this sign, “ Chin li pai jih ,”
which translated means, “ T o d ay is worship day.” This is church member
H sieh’s store. On Sunday morning he leads his clerks to church. In the a fte r
noon he has arranged fo r them an opportunity to study; first, that they may
[1914
learn to read and improve their temporal estate, and second, that they may
learn more o f the T ru th which can make men free indeed.
Statistics
T he statistics w ill speak fo r themselves. The advance in conversions, pro
bationers, and collections is due to the faith ful w ork o f the men under appoint
m ent Baptisms, adults, 144; children, 64; total for the year, 208. T otal baptized
community, 889; probationers, 627; inquirers, 515; total Christian community,
2,031; day schools, boys, 340; girls, 340; total, 680; intermediate schools, boys,
22; grand total, 702.
T I E N T S IN
D IS T R IC T
T ien tsin D istrict follow s along the Grand Canal nearly to the southern bound
ary o f the C hihli Province.
T h e T ien tsin -N an k in g R ailw ay w ill pass through the
district.
M ethodist mission
w ork w as begun in 1872.
N o other mission boards are
w orking in this region, outside o f the city o f Tientsin.
Tientsin
T ien tsin (population, between 800,000 and 1,200,000) is the chief port of entry
for N orth China, being eigh ty miles nearer the coast than Peking.
It is the resi
dence o f the viceroy o f the C hihli Province.
T h e railw ay from Siberia passes
through Tien tsin, and the northern terminus o f the T ien tsin -P uk ow R ailw ay w ill
be here. T h e Grand Canal term inates in the city.
Tien tsin is a progressive city,
w ith seven d aily papers, electric street railways, and m acadam ized roadways.
M issionaries: R ev. G eorge R. D a vis and Mrs. D avis, Mr. Frederick M. Pyke
and Mrs. Pyke, R ev. James H. P yke and Mrs. Pj'ke, R ev. Burton
L. St. John
(on furlough) and Mrs.St. John (on furlough), Rev. G. Carlton Lacy. W . F. M . S . :
M isses Clara M . Cushman, G eorgia A . F illey , M .D ., E v a A . Gregg, Ida B. Lew is
(on furlou gh), Iv a M . M iller, M .D ., Ida M. Stevenson, M .D . (on furlou gh), and
Frances O. W ilson.
In stitu tion s: Interm ediate School.
W . F . M. S .: G irls’ Boarding School, Isa
bella Fisher H ospital.
J. H.
P
yke
,
Superintendent
F or three years we had had four fam ilies living and w orking in the city
and adjacent districts. Just before A nnual Conference D r. and Mrs. Davis,
a fter eleven years o f service, left fo r a much needed furlough. M r. K rause
was transferred to P ekin g and immediately after Conference he and M rs.
K rause le ft us fo r their new field o f service. Mr. St. John was obliged to
return to the United States, and with his fam ily left us at the beginning of
January. W ith but one fam ily rem aining and three houses empty the compounds
seemed deserted and the outlook fo r the w ork very discouraging.
Transfer of Property
T h e year 1914 was marked by the final transfer o f the entire mission from
the French Concession on T ak u Road to the new site near the South Gate of
the City. The entire M ission is now established in the new premises, w ith much
larger grounds, greatly enlarged hospital, school buildings and dormitories, and
all the w orkers housed in an up-to-date modern house. W ith the greatly
enlarged capacity and new equipment a far greater number o f patients and
pupils can be received and better w ork in every w ay be done.
It is now thirteen years since we clearly saw that the Chinese were being
pushed out o f the French Concession, and that if we wished to keep near them
we too must move. T w elve years ago we selected a site and it was purchased.
North. China
1914]
F our years ago two homes were built. T he next year a large school building
fo r boys, with dormitories, dining-room, and kitchen, a house fo r the m issionary
principal, and one fo r the Chinese assistant were erected. It was suggested that
the plant was too large fo r immediate needs, but almost immediately it was
full, and last year it overflowed, and the pupils swarmed all over both compounds
until both gate houses, spare servants’ quarters, and lastfy the stable and cart
shed were all too full fo r health and comfort. N o w another larger building
than the present is urgently needed and could be filled at once with students
paying enough fo r tuition and board to cover all expense but missionaries’
salaries and repairs on buildings.
W esley Church
T.he congregation o f W esley Church has continued to worship with the
London Mission Church, which gave us a cordial invitation when our church
home was sold. W e owe them much more than thanks, but they have declined
to receive more than a due proportion o f the necessary current expenses. L ast
year a suitable lot in a good central locality was secured. T his year a beautiful
church building has been erected and w ill be furnished and seated ready fo r
opening in the late autumn. A com fortable and beautiful parsonage has been
completed and Pastor M ark Liu is installed in it with his fam ily.
T he auditorium and gallery o f the church w ill seat 1,200 people. T h e base
ment has a large assembly room, schoolroom, recitation rooms, pastor’s study,
kitchen, and dining-room ; provision Being thus made fo r day school, night
classes, and social meetings.
T w o thirds o f the cost is already provided for. T h e pastor and members
o f W esley Church have promised to pay fo r the lot, and w e hope to secure the
remainder from friends in the United States and China.
W est City Church
Scarcely a Sunday has passed without accessions by baptism or inquirers
received on probation. T here has been a marked grow th in spiritual life and
power and in earnest Christian character. Pastor T sen g has conducted revival
services in his own church and was also called to Pekin g and Shanshi to lead
special meetings. T hat resulted in many conversions. In Mr. W o lff’s school in
Shanshi nearly every student was converted, though when the meetings began
there was strong and even bitter opposition.
Tientsin Intermediate School. F ifteen boys were graduated in May. Our
dorm itories house 150' boys and there are 100 day scholars. I f we only had
sufficient room w e could easily have 500 boys in the boarding department. T here
are five college graduates on our faculty, a paid physical director, and an in
structor in m ilitary drill. T he school curriculum has been changed to meet ~
the requirements o f the government.
YENCHOW FU
D IS T R IC T
Y en ch ow fu D istrict includes the southern portion o f the form er Shantung
D istrict, w hich was divided in 1908. It is bounded on the north by the W en River,
w hich separates it from the T a ia n fu D istrict; on the w est is the G rand Canal. T h e
south and east boundaries are not so definite, though approxim ately defined by a
line running east from T sin in gch ow to meet a line running south from H sintaihsien.
T h e area is about 4,000 square miles and the population 2,600,000. T h e field includes
the F u city o f Yenchow . the Chow city of T sin in g— the second city o f the province
— the H sien cities o f N in gyan g, W enshang, Tsow , Chufu, and Szushui, in all except
the last two o f which th e M ethodist Episcopal Church has buildings and resident
workers. T h e Tien tsin -P u k ow R ailw a y w ill touch the district first at N in gyan g and
then at Chufu, Yen ch ow , and T s o w ; later there w ill be a branch from Y enchow
to T sin in g. T h is region is of peculiar interest because here are the homes o f C hin a’s
greatest sages, Confucius and Mencius.
T h e language is approxim ately Northern
Mandarin, though there are often local pe cu lia rities; with a knowledge o f Pekingese
one can w ork this district.
T h e Presbyterian M ission has a strong work in Tsiningchow , with schools,
hospitals, and country work w ell organized. T h e Society for the Propagation o f the
Gospel has opened work at Y en ch ow fu with a foreigner in charge.
T h e Am erican
Baptists (Southern ), located at T aian fu , do considerable itinerating on this district,
goin g especially to Szushui and Tsiningchow .
Lxu C h i L u n , Superintendent
Rev. P erry O. Hanson, our m issionary in charge o f the w ork o f Yanchow
District, reports a net increase o f thirty-tw o per cent in the membership during
the year ju st closed.
W e have made a special study o f the conditions in many o f the great
villages and in many places a great w ork can be established fo r $200. W e greatly
desire to enter several o f the leading villages on each o f our seven circuits on
the district. T h e people are ready to listen to our message and ready to enter
our schools, but we must have rooms where we may establish our w ork and be
“at home” to the people o f the community.
Self-support
W e are m aking an effort to introduce the envelope system, every-member
canvass, w eekly giving, etc. T he poverty o f the people on this district is im
possible to describe. This year there has been a crop failure that means starva
tion to many and a hard year fo r self-support.
One o f m y men had some business that he wished to discuss with me so
he walked up here from his village, a distance o f fifty-five miles in one day. It'
chanced that I was 2,000 feet up the mountain and so he follow ed me. O ur new
D istrict Superintendent made a thirty-m ile trip on his barrow the other day
and when rain prevented the barrow ’s return he walked back through the mud
so as to keep an engagement.
T he B oarding School at Yenchow has greatly increased in efficiency during
the year. Enrollment, forty.
A school has been organized and maintained in Ssushui-hsien, the famous
Confucian city which we have so long tried to enter.’ W e have purchased a
fine property at W enshang with a small sum o f money raised at home by the
Rev. Jonathan V erity. W e can now provide a church building that w ill hold
over 100 persons; also buildings for pastor’s residence, a boys’ school, and
residence fo r the teacher and his fam ily; rooms fo r a girls’ school and teacher's
residence. A nd there are still rooms fo r our members to stay in when they
come from a long distance. T he result o f this purchase has been a delightful
increase in interest among our church members and adherents.
North China
1914]
153
T S U N H W A D IS T R IC T
T sun hw a (Tsun h ua) D istrict contains three w alled cities, tw en ty important
m arket towns, ten minor m arket towns, and more than three thousand villages. T h e
southern appointments lie along the Im perial H ighw ay from P ek in g to Korea. Th e
population o f the district is placed at about 2,000,000.
T h e area is 4,000 square
miles. T h e country is very fertile and the people are m ainly farmers. T h e southern
part o f the district produces a great deal of fruit w hich is shipped to T ientsin.
Th ere are a large number o f M anchus at the passes of the Great W a ll and near the
tombs o f the present dynasty tw en ty miles w est of T sunhw a.
It has never been
possible for C hristian ity to get a foothold am ong them. T h e hills around and tombs
were covered w ith very fine timber.
Enough money has been spent on building
roads to the tombs to have bu ilt several railways. T h e distance from the railroad
makes the people a little less inclined to adopt new ideas.
M ethodist m ission work was commenced in 1873, one year after the region had
been visited for the first tim e by M ethodist missionaries.
In stitu tion : B o ys’ Interm ediate School.
No report.
G. R.
D
a v is ,
Superintendent
L W A N C H O W D IS T R IC T
Lvvanchow (Lan cho w ) D istrict includes the three counties o f Loting, Lw an chow, and Tsienan, w hich are named after the ch ief cities in each county. I t is the
western h a lf o f the Y u n gp in gfu Prefecture.
It is a triangle, with the sea for the
base, the Lw an R ive r separating it from the Shanhaikwan D istrict on the east, the
Great W all far the upper angle, and an im aginary line from the Great W a ll to the
sea crossing the railroad ju st east o f Tangshan for the other side.
T h e area is
between 2,000 and 2,500 square miles. T h e railroad from P ek in g to M oukden divides
the district into two parts. T h e population is between 1,000,000 and 1,500,000.
No report.
C h 'e n H
eng
T
e,
S u p e rin te n d e n t
S H A N H A IK W A N D IS T R IC T
Shanhaikwan (Shanhaikuan) D istrict includes the territory o f the three counties
o f Linyii, Funing, and Changli, and extends tw enty-five miles beyond the Great W all
into M anchuria.
It is intersected b y 't h e Im perial R ailw ay o f N orth China.
Be
sides the district cities o f Shanhaikwan and Changli there is one w alled city, besides
towns and villa ges with va ryin g populations of from 5,000 to 20,000, m aking a total
population o f 1,000,000.
T h e area is about 3,000 square miles.
T h e land along
the coast is level and very fertile. A short distance from the coast the mountains
begin, and in some instances rise to a height o f several thousand feet. B ecause o f
the fertility o f the soil the standard o f livin g is much higher than around Tientsin
and Peking. A gre^t number o f the people in this district are traders in M anchuria,
so that they are progressive and anxious to adopt m odem ideas. T h ere is a great
m ilitary camp at Funing.
Changli
C hangli (population about 15,000) is situated on the Im perial R ailw ay of North
China, ten m iles from the coast and forty miles w est o f Shanhaikwan.
I t is the
county seat o f C han gli County.
Chan gli is a very prosperous c ity because o f the
fine fruit orchards around it.
There are three governm ent schools in the city.
T h e opium dens have been driven out, the streets are lighted at night, police in
uniform are on the streets, and an old tem ple has been changed into a prison. In
addition to the regular officials the department general lives in Changli.
Changli is the geographical center of the Shanhaikwan and Lw anchow Districts.
T h e M ethodist Episcopal M ission is the only Protestant denomination at this impor
tan t station.
W hen the m ission station was destroyed at Tsun hw a in 1900 by the
Boxers, it was decided not to rebuild at that point, but to m ove the entire plant
to Changli.
T h is im portant step was not decided upon until June, 1903, and then
fifteen acres w ere purchased in the eastern suburb of the city. T h e mission already
owned a chapel in the heart o f the city.
Missionaries: E dw in M. Kent, M ,D ,, and Mrs. Kent, R ev. H enry H . Row land
[1914
and M rs. Row land, Rev. George W . V e rity (on furlough) and Mrs. V e rity (on fur
lough ).
W . F . M . S . : M isses Jennie B. Bridenbaugh, Clara P. D yer, E lla E .
G lover (on furlough), and M ary W atrous.
In stitution s: M artyrs’ M em orial H ospital, B oys’ Boarding School. W . F. M. S . :
C. E . Thom pson M em orial W om an’s T ra in in g School, H ospital, A lderm an G irls’
B oarding School.
G. W .
V
e r it y ,
Superintendent
A circumstance at Changli and our determination to live somewhere on the
district led to our m oving to Shanhaikuan. W e now see that what looked like
disappointment has proved H is appointment and a glorious victory. Shanhai
kuan is a city o f over 80,000, the largest city between Tientsin and Moukden,
and offers the greatest opportunity on the district fo r both evangelistic and
medical work. W e have made more friends among the Chinese in the Church,
schools, Tem perance Society, and dispensary in the few months here than in all
the eight years in Changli. W e have already outgrown our cramped quarters,
the day school has an enrollment o f forty, and the intermediate school, started
a fter Chinese new year, has tw enty-six and is entirely self-supporting. W e had
a men’s Bible training class through the winter with thirteen in attendance.
T A IA N F U
D IS T R IC T
T h e T a ian fu D istrict is in the western part of Shantung Province.
It is about
one hundred and tw enty-five m iles long, east and west, and forty m iles wide,
bounded on the w est and south by the Y ello w and W en R ivers, respectively, and
on the north and east by the mountains, which reach their highest elevation in
Taishan (5,500 fe et), near Taian fu .
A s the population o f the region is the densest in the empire, averaging 683
to the square mile, the district, probably, contains 2,500,000. W ork done elsewhere
by animals is here perform ed by m e n ; persons and freigh t being transported on
wheelbarrows, over unspeakable roads.
T h e ground is fertile and w ell cultivated,
two crops a year being grown, w inter wheat being harvested in June, and a second
crop o f m illet and beans gathered in October.
T h e T ien tsin -P uk ow R ailw ay w ill
intersect the district.
T h e language is M andarin, and differs but little from that
about Peking, so that one from the N orth may be easily understood.
T a ia n fu
T a ia n fu is in the western part o f the S hantung Province, about forty m iles
east o f the Y ello w R iver, and between 250 and 300 miles from T ien tsin by canal
or cart road. I t lies at the foot o f Taishan, one of the five sacred m ountains of
China, and not far from the birthplace o f Confucius.
M ethodist mission w ork was begun in 1875, but Am erican m issionaries first
settled in T a ian fu as a residence in 1898. O ther boards at w ork in the district are
the E nglish Baptists, the S ociety for the Propagation of the Gospel, and the Gospel
M ission.
M ission aries: Rev. George L. D a vis and Mrs. D avis, Rev. Perry O. Hanson and
M rs. H anson, John Korns, M .D ., and Mrs. Korns.
W . F. M. S . : M isses E stie T.
Boddy, N ora M . D illenbeck, E lsie L. Knapp (on furlou gh), Em m a E. M artin, M .D.
(on furlou gh), and Effie G. Y oun g.
In stitu tion s: B ible T ra in in g School, Interm ediate School, H ospital.
W . F . M.
S .: G irls’ B oarding School, W om an’s B ible T ra in in g School, and P riscilla Bennett
H ospital.
G
eorge
L.
D
a v is ,
Superintendent
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WEST
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West China
W e s t Ch in a Co n f e r e n c e
T h e W est China Conference is the farthest removed o f all M ethodist mission
centers from the United States.
Its center is 1,500 miles, or fo rty d ays’ jo u m e y
from Shanghai.
The work of the missionaries is confined entirely to Szechuan
Province, which is the largest of the provinces, containing about 218,480 square
miles, or about the size of the States of California and W ashington, and having
an estim ated population o f from 40,000,000 to 68,724,000. T h e soil of the province
is very fertile and the climate is favorable for the production o f rice and other
grains, sugar cane, drugs, and fruits. T e a is cultivated in the western border and
cotton in the central districts. T h e province is rich in coal and iron. I t has salt
w ells which are said to yield salt to a great depth. N atural gas has been utilized
for sixteen hundred years. G enerally speaking, the people are well to do and are
homogeneous in descent, language, religion, social customs, and governm ent, with
the exception o f a large number o f Tibetans, who are found within the borders
o f this province^ and about tw elve aboriginal tribes who live in the west and south
west. T h e province is traversed by a number of go-od roads and w aterways. T h e
G reat East Road from Chengtu to Chungking, passes through the heart o f the prov
ince.
T h e M ethodist Episcopal M ission was commenced in 1882, and was organized
as a M ission Conference in 1908.
Sunday Schools
Chungking District. There are thirteen Sunday schools— attendance, 551.
H ochow D istrict— seven Sunday schools, attendance, 600. Suining D istrict—
ten Sunday schools, attendance, 732.
T zechow D istrict— fourteen Sunday
schools, atendance, 800. Yungchang D istrict— thirteen Sunday schools, attend
ance, 580.
Sunday schools are largely made up o f church members and students from
our schools. T he Sunday school is not an advance guard in aggressive evangel
ism in W est China. W e are constantly touching non-Christian parents through
the Sunday schools. O ur w ork is still in the pioneer stage and we lack a Chris
tian environment into which Sunday school w orkers may go to,organ ize classes
outside o f the non-Christian community already reached by the church.
Proportion o f children to adults fifty per cent to seventy-five per cent. Not
organized according to home standards.
C H E N G T U D IS T R IC T
Chengtu (Chentu) D istrict includes the city o f Chengtu, which is the capital
o f the province o f Szechuan, two other w alled cities, and part o f another county
on the Chengtu plain. T h is is one o f the most densely populated portions o f the
globe. W ithin a radius o f about fifteen miles from the capital city there are fifteen
walled cities, and scattered among these are a large number o f towns and m arket
places. T h e river as it enters Chengtu plain on the northwest is first divid ed into
tw o parts. These are divided and subdivided until the whole plain is covered with
a net work o f irrigatin g canals. These uniting finally form again two rivers, one of
w hich breaks through the surrounding m ountains to the east.
T h e other flows
south and enters the Y an gtze.
N o other mission boards are at work in this district except in the city o f
Chengtu.
Chengtu
Chengtu (Chentu) (population, 350,000) is the capital o f the province o f S ze
chuan and the residence of the viceroy. It is an ancient city with a great history.
T h e modern city, which is surrounded by a w all ten or tw elve miles in circum ference,
is a little more than an aggregation of streets.
There is a large M anchu C ity at
the western end of the city proper.
Chengtu is one o f the wealthiest o f Chinese
cities.
In 1892 the mission of the M ethodist Episcopal Church purchased the first
property to be owned by foreigners in Chengtu. O ther boards at work in Chengtu
[1914
a r e : .T h e Church M issionary Society, the Canadian M ethodist M ission, the China
Inland M ission, the F rien ds’ Foreign M ission (E n glish ), and the A m erican Baptist
F oreign M ission Society.
M issionaries: R ev. Joseph Beech {on furlough) and Mrs. Beech (on furlough),
R ev. H arry L . Canright, M .D ., and Mrs. C.anright, H enry W . Irw in, M . D ., and Mrs.
Irwin, R ev. G eorge B. Neumann (on furlough) and M rs. N eum ann (on furlough),
R ev. Janies M . Y a r d and Mrs. Y ard .
W . F. M. S . : M isses A lice B. Brethorst,
Stephena M . Brethorst, Clara J. Collier, G eorgia D ay, A n n a L u lu Golisch, M arie E.
Larsson, and M adora E . Sm ith.
In stitution s: Chengtu C ollege (part o f the W est C hina U n ion U n iversity, inter
denom inational) and Interm ediate School. Biblical T r a in in g ’ School, C hengtu H os
pital. W . F M. S .: G irls’ B oardin g School, G irls’ D a y School.
J. M .
Y
ard,
Superintendent
Chengtu D istrict has sixteen preaching places and 653 Christians. O ur
congregation averages 500.
In June, 1914, the A d viso ry Council o f the churches o f Szechuan was formed.
N o w the churches are organized and ready fo r aggressive w ork. A Union
Evangelistic Committee is at w ork in the province and in Chengtu City, and we
are planning a union m eeting fo r n ext spring.
Our chapels are crowded and our church at Chengtu, with a congregation o f
500, turns aw ay a like number every Sunday. W e are building two new churches,
one at Sichow and the other at Sikiaba, both small out-stations but promising
w ork.
A course o f lectures given by our district superintendent in the Y o u n g
M en's Christian A ssociation, has been w ell attended by governm ent students.
T he W est China Union U n iv e rs ity : President, Joseph Beech, D .D . H ere
tofore our reports have emphasized the w ork o f the M ethodist Episcopal C ol
lege in the W est China Union U niversity, but the relations between the four
Mission Colleges o f the U niversity are so intimate that no adequate conception
o f the scope o f the w ork and o f the part which each o f the cooperating societies
sustains to it is possible except by a report o f the U niversity.
Origin and Foundation
A s a prelim inary to the establishment o f the U niversity, the educational
w ork o f all the M issions in W e s t China, comprising three provinces and fully
one hundred million people, was organized into the W est China Educational
Union in order that there m ight be a strong and adequate Christian constitu
ency fo r the U niversity and a foundation broad and firm enough to ju s tify its
erection. T h is Union now has over 400 schools, 7,251 students and 568 teachers
in the elementary and preparatory grades, a ll correlated and coordinated together
w ith the U niversity in one educational system. T he Secretary o f the entire
Union is provided by the B oard o f G overnors o f the U niversity. T h e U niversity,
while representing all o f the M issionary Societies in some measure, was estab
lished by the join t action o f T h e Am erican Baptist Foreign M ission Society, the
Friends’ Foreign M ission A ssociation o f G reat Britain and Ireland, the General
B oard o f M issipns o f the M ethodist Church o f Canada and the B oard o f
F oreign M issions o f the M ethodist Episcopal Church.
Location
T h e university is located at Chengtu, which under the regulations o f the
Chinese Republic becomes the educational capital o f a district as large as the
IH K
B IS H O P
JuYCK
M KM OKI A L
Tw o
SCH OOI.
B u im h n c s
o k
O lf
T i l KOLIK IY
t i i i
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STUDKNT
E p is c o p a i. ( ìk o ih * in
t i n
:
Wi
s t
C h in a
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n i o n
M O l'S K
U
n i v k r s i t y
W est China
157
A tlan tic States o f Am erica, or G reat Britain, France and Germany combined.
The W est China Union U niversity is the only Christian U niversity projected in
this entire region. Chengtu is the key to Tibet and all the tribal countries to
the west and southwest. It is at the cross-roads between three great empires and
civilizations, fo r it is here that railw ay systems linking China, east and west,
meet with the French railw ay system from Tongking to Chengtu and the British
system from Burm a to Chengtu, which, in turn, connect with the proposed line
extending to the Siberian Railway: Chengtu is one o l the four centers indi
cated by the N ational Conference held in Shanghai in 1913 as sites where Chris-tian Universities should be operated. I: is evident that the U niversity is located
in one o f the most populous districts o f China and also one o f the most strategic
centers in the Empire.
T h e G roun ds
The plans fo r the U niversity include an area o f 125 acres, situated just out
side the city o f Chengtu. One hundred acres o f this property have now been
secured and the funds are in hand fo r the remainder. The plans fo r the build
ings o f the U niversity are under the direction o f Messrs. Rountree & Sons,
London, England.
Buildings
T he building program, exclusive o f teachers’ residences, calls fo r over twenty
college and university buildings, which are now plotted on the U niversity land.
In addition to several mission dormitories, theological buildings and mission
colleges, they include the U niversity preparatory and normal schools; administra
tion and library b u ild in gs; assembly h a ll; hall o f physics, chemistry, general and
applied sciences; a medical college and U niversity chapel. F ive years o f
patient study was given to the building problem before ground was broken fo r
the first permanent building. D uring this period a competition on design, par
ticipated in by architects in England, the United States and Canada, resulted
in the adoption of an O rientalized Occidental type o f architecture. T he U n i
versity buildings w ill consequently have a unity o f design throughout, expres
sing the harmony and spirit ol‘ unity that pervades the entire institution and the
purpose to unite in one the East and W est. A superintendent o f construction
has been provided by the Board o f Governors to supervise the erection o f all
buildings.
T he buildings thus far erected include eight temporary preparatory and
U niversity teaching halls, and fo u r temporary mission dormitories. These build
ings were required in order that the w ork might proceed during the period in
which this style o f architecture was being determined. A t present there are
eight permanent professorial residences completed and four more in process o f
construction. T he U niversity Adm inistration Building is also in process o f
erection. T h e M ethodist Episcopal M ission last year completed tw o o f their
buildings. T he first, the Joyce M em orial School, erected by Col. F ran k Joyce,
is a memorial to his father, Bishop Joyce, who was the first Bishop to visit the
W est China Mission. T he first permanent home fo r students is also completed.
T he two buildings represent an expenditure o f tw elve thousand dollars.
T h e Canadian Methodists have completed the first w ing o f their permanent
group o f buildings. T h e Baptist Mission have $16,000 in hand fo r erection o f
their first college building and dorm itory and have their building plans under
158
way. T h e Friends’ M ission have secured their m aterial fo r erection o f their
building, but have deferred its construction until the w ar is over.
Administration
T he U niversity is a union and a federation. Each Mission represented in
the Union has some ten acres o f land assigned it upon which its mission
aries and students live. T h is gives each M ission perfect liberty with and con
trol over its students at all times, except during hours o f recitation. It also
permits each denomination to direct, in large measure, the Christian life o f its
student body. In all other respects the U niversity is a coordinate union, the
U niversity being under the control o f a Board o f Governors, at the Hom e Base
appointed jointly by the several participating Boards. On the field it is under
the direction o f the Senate, which is appointed by the several cooperating mis
sions and by the Board o f Governors.
Schools
The U niversity aims to follow the Chinese government system o f education
and it consists at the present time o f the Union M iddle or College Preparatory,
the Union N orm al School, which includes a group o f intermediate and primary
practice schools, the Union Biblical School, the Union L anguage School fo r M is
sionaries, the M edical School, the School o f A rts and the School o f Sciences.
T h e course o f instruction, from prim ary to the completion o f the U niversity
course, requires seventeen years. A t the present time there are 186 students in
the preparatory schools and forty-one in the U niversity courses. A lread y pro
vided are departments in Languages, Philosophy and Ethics, Religion and Social
Service, Education, H istory, Mathematics, Biology, Chemistry and Physics. A
three years’ course in each o f these subjects is now offered to students who
have finished the three years’ preparatory course.
Union U niversity Language School— H ead Master, O. L. Kilborn. T his
institution held its first session F ebruary 12, 1914. Sessions have been two hours
each day fo r five days each w eek; in addition there are regular study periods
when each student studies privately with a Chinese teacher. T he students num
ber fourteen, including four ladies, and represent three Missions, the Y . M. C. A .,
and a Governm ent School. T h e course is fo r one year and there are no fees.
Union N orm al School fo r Y o u n g W omen— M iss E stabrook and M iss
Chambers, resident teachers. Spacious property has been purchased by the unit
ing missions and workm en are already busy over repairs. It is intended to open
the school fo r the coming autumn term.
Union N orm al School fo r Y o u n g Men— In charge o f H . F. Silcock. N ew
classes began in September, 1914. S ix students.
T he medical department is under the direction o f Doctors Kilborn, Canright,
Service, and M orse, and provides advanced courses in medicine. T w o prepara
tory courses w ill be offered to normal students by the normal department under
the direction o f M essrs. W allace, Silcock and Y ost. W hile there is no theological
department directly under the control o f the U niversity, all o f the four missions
have cooperated in Bible training classes and there is every indication that this
w ill continue and so provide the w ork demanded fo r all grades. T here are over
twenty college and university buildings. M r. R icker has been selected superin
tendent o f construction fo r U niversity buildings and is now engaged in prepara
tion o f three new buildings, which have been authorized by the Board o f G ov
ernors and provision made fo r immediate erection.
1914]
W est China
159
F in a n ce
T he annual subsidy from the cooperating M ission Boards and the Board o f
Governors fo r the support o f twenty members o f the U niversity staff and fo r
incidental expenses is at present $28,400. T h is capitalized at five per cent is
equal to $568. Other invested sums fo r M ission and designated purposes repre
sent a little over $200,000, making our present capitalization $768,000. It w ill
thus be seen that in the eight years since the Union has form ulated we have
brought together capital and interests which represent over three-quarters o f a
million dollars, and this notwithstanding the fact that during those eight years
two revolutions have swept over W est China.
Christian Work
Provisions fo r a strong Christian influence to rule the U niversity spirit and
to reach out to our entire constituency have been given every consideration. On
the one hand, the M ission is given free scope to develop the religious life o f the
students. Chapel exercises are not provided by the University, but are under
the direction o f the several mission colleges. T he students are not members o f
the U niversity C h u rch ; they are members o f their own mission church to which
they are linked in service as well as membership. T he U niversity must provide
at least one general service fo r all students. It also provides united efforts to
raise the entire tone and consecration o f the student body. D uring such a series
o f meetings in the past year, over thirty students volunteered fo r the ministry.
T he U niversity Y o u n g Men's Christian A ssociation brings together the students
o f all the Missions, Colleges and classes fo r Bible study, neighborhood w ork and
college meetings. T he Department o f Religious and Social Service aims not
simply to instruct the student body, but to provide conferences fo r Christian
w ork and Bible Study throughout the Province and by directing the students
in Christian w ork to make this department not simply a department o f instruc
tion but a laboratory in practical Christian service. T he U niversity has won the
hearty support o f all the contributing Boards. It has likewise gained the full
confidence o f all the mission authorities on the field. This is m anifested in the
action which was taken during the present year by which the hospitals o f the
Canadian Methodist Mission, the Canadian W om an’s Board and the Methodist
Episcopal M ission w ere placed under the direction o f the University, so that
they become a constituent part o f the M edical School. It has fostered and
developed the spirit o f catholicity and unity throughout all W est China.
It has likewise won in a marked degree the indorsement o f the rulers p f
China. T he G overnor General o f W est China has written an indorsement o f
the U niversity over the seal o f the Province and his own private seal, in which
he expresses his belief that religion and education are the foundation upon which
the new China must be built and he cordially invites the help o f Christian bodies
in this country to assist in laying that foundation. H e also subscribed $3,000
toward the U niversity Building Fund. T he C ivil Governor subscribed a like
amount. T h e President o f China was inform ed by the G overnor General as to
the w ork o f the instruction and he likewise has written an indorsement o f the
U niversity and his approval o f the efforts being made to secure funds from
A m erica, England, and Canada to erect the University. H e also contributed
$4,000 tow ard the Building Fúnd, m aking $10,000 which came fro m Chinese
governm ent officials unsolicited.
i6o
Fbreign Missions Report
T h e R e so lu tio n o f th e B o a rd o f G o ve rn o rs
T h e success which the U niversity has already attained, the degree o f support
which it has secured, the extensive w ork which it has outlined justifies the action
which the B oard o f Governors has taken to raise at once a h alf million dollars,
$250,000 to be used in buildings and the balance in endowment. T he resolution
outlines the w ork which the U niversity must set itself to do and is as fo llo w s :
" Resolved, T h at this Board of Governors o f W est China Union University,
having before it full knowledge o f the urgent educational needs o f W est China,
and bearing in mind that the participating M issionary Organizations have under
taken to provide the necessary buildings fo r dormitories, fo r the T heological
w ork, and fo r P ro fesso rs’ Residences, believes that the least additional amount
required by this B oard fo r the establishment o f the U niversity is the sum o f F ive
Hundred Thousand D ollars ($500,000), $250,000 approxim ately, to be used fo r
grounds and buildings, to include M edical College Building, a N orm al School
Building, an A dm inistrative Building, a Chem istry Building, an Assem bly H all,
and a building fo r power, light and w ater p lan t; and the rem aining $250,000 as
a nucleus fo r endowm ent; and on the basis o f this amount this B oard makes
this appeal to all interested in the progress o f the Kingdom o f God in W est
China.”
C H U N G K IN G D IS T R IC T
C hungking D istrict includes the city o f Chungking, together w ith five w alled
cities with their n inety-seven m arket tow ns. T h e district has an area o i about 5,000
square m iles and a population o f 2,000,000.
C h u n g k in g
Chungking (population, 500,000) is the second largest city in Szechuan Province.
It is a tradin g m art on the le ft bank o f the Y an gtze, about 1,400 m iles from the
coast. A sid e from its great com mercial importance, C hungking is o f great political
importance, containing the im perial treasury, where all the revenues o f the province
are received and stored. Its merchants are said to be v e ry wealthy, with established
m ercantile connection and credit in every business center o f the empire.
What,
C anton is to the south, Shanghai to the east, and H ankow to the center o f China,
Chu ngkin g is to the entire portion o f the country w est o f H upeh and H unan P ro v
inces. T h e c ity is divided into upper and low er sections, the form er being built on
a sandstone bluff that rises from 100 to 250 feet above the river at lo w w ater. In
the upper city are the m ission establishments, the pleasure gardens, and the British,
A m erican, French, German, and Japanese consulates.
T h e business houses and
principal yam ens are in the lower city.
T h e other boards at
work in Chu ngkin g are the C hin a Inland M ission, the F riends’ F oreign M ission
(E n g lish ), and the Canadian M ethodist M ission.
Missionaries: R ev. W alter M . C raw ford and Mrs. C raw ford, Claude W . F re e
man, M .D ., and Mrs. Freem an, R ev. James H . M cCartn ey, M .D ., and Mrs. M cCartn ey,
Mr. L e R o y W . M cCartney, Jacob F . P eat and Mrs: Peat, R ev. C. Bertram R ape and
Mrs. Rape.
W . F . M. S .: M isses L o ttie M . Conner, A gn es M . Edm onds, M .D .,
Lillian L . Holm es, D orothy Jones, M ary A. Royer, Chestora Snyder, M .D .; Grace
Ellison, and A n n ie M . W ells.
Institutions: B o ys’ H igh School, U nion C hungking H ospital. W . F . M . S .:
School fo r Girls, W illiam Gamble M em orial H ospital, F lora Deaconess Hom e.
J. L . P ea t , Superintendent
One o f the outstanding features o f the year w as the O ctober convention
held at Yungchw an, one o f the seventeen county seats included in our mission
territory. T h ree district superintendents, tw enty preachers, and one hundred
delegates spent eight days distributing 12,000 tracts and Gospel portions and
preaching to great crowds w ho came on foot.
In Chungking our average Sunday attendance is 4,000. W e have sixteen
preaching places and 762 Christians.
West China
1914]
161
Seventy-seven full members and one hundred and nine probationers have
been received into the church during the first part o f the year.
Chungking Union H igh School fo r Boys. C. B. Rape, P rincipal; enroll
ment, 149.— This school is recognized by the Government as the best H igh School
in W est China. Students come from all over the province and we are now
using the gymnasium fo r dormitories. D uring the year we turned away seventyfive applicants because o f lack o f room. W e have about completed a permanent
union with the Canadian Methodists and have begun the erection o f a new dor
mitory so that very shortly we w ill be able to accommodate 200. Our school is
almost self-supporting.
W e record the year 1914 as the happiest in the history o f the school. It is
the first year there has been no sickness; the first that the school has had no
d eficit; the first that we have received an appropriation; and a record year in
attendance.
The Grammar School at P ish a a City has seventy students from the sur
rounding circuit o f 500,000 people. Our prim ary schools are overcrowded and
we are constantly turning boys away, and this in spite o f the fact that the G ov
ernment schools are free while we charge tuition.
One o f the evidences o f the new China is the great number o f girls and
women who are either in the schools or desire to enter. N ot long ago 130 girls,
all from one school, marched with unbound feet through the crowded street
o f a large city, on their w ay to attend a lecture given by Mrs. Peat on the
“ T raining o f the Child.”
Medical Work
Chungking Men’ s Hospital and Dispensary ministers to Chungking and
vicinity with occasional patients from distant points. T he hospital is over
crowded most o f the year and with our W om an’s Hospital, we are doing as
much w ork as all the other hospitals o f Chungking combined.
Chungking City has five hospitals,, besides our own operated by foreigners.
H O C H O W D I S T R IC T
Th e H ochow D istrict (population, 1,500,000) covers two counties—
T ingvuen — and a large part of Kiangpeh County.
H ere are the two
o f Tingyuen and H ochow and about 120 towns with adjoin ing villages
neighborhoods thickly settled.
T h is district spreads itself out on all
between three large rivers, the Suining, the B ooling, and the Chu.
H ochow and
walled cities
and country
sides of and
Hochow
H ochow (population, 100,000) is at the junction of the Suining and B ooling
Rivers.
T h e Chii R iver empties into the B oolin g five m iles above H ochow , hence
Hochow is at the junction of three rich valleys.
It is a very busy center. It was
the old capital o f the Szechuan Province, and at one time was the capital o f the
western portion o f the Chinese empire.
Its size, location near the coal and lim e
stone regions, and the three valleys opening out from it, make it the third city in
the Szechuan Province.
N o other m ission , boards are at work in Hochow.
M ission aries: R ev. Benjam in F. Law rence and Mrs. Lawrence,' R ev. R ay L.
Torrey (on furlough) and Mrs. Torrey (on furlough).
B. F .
L aw rence,
Superintendent
H ochow district is the newest o f the six districts o f the W est China Mission
Conference. W e are the only missionaries in this citjr o f 100,000 inhabitants.
There is no railw ay in Szechuan province, and our city has no telephone or tele
IÔ2
graph communication. O ur nearest physician is in Chungking, two days’ journey
away. Still we can report the past year as one o f steady grow th, though a most
trying year to our people. T h e prevalent unrest has made life and property inse-•
sure. A fire destroyed two-fifths o f H ochow c ity ; the rice crop was practically
ruined because o f the dry, hot summer. F ever follow ed the intense heat and
resulted in many deaths. Food has been scarce and expensive, and the war, which
has caused exports to cease and has raised the prices o f foreign articles, has
brought great distress to our poor.
O w ing to the early stages o f our w ork, Bible distribution is o f great
importance. D uring the year 15,000 Christian books and tracts were sold and
thousands distributed free.
T here has been a distinct advance in church property during the year. In
form er years the benches in most o f our day schools were borrowed from the
patrons, and they were o f all kinds and sizes. T h is year several o f the day
schools have been supplied with new benches o f a uniform design. It is a marked
improvement. D rew Theological Seminary recently gave a g ift fo r a D rew
chapel. It was decided to locate the chapel in the town o f Yuinmendsen, ten
miles beyond H ochow, where we hope soon to develop a strong work. A suit
able plot o f ground w as bought on the main street. B y close economy a neat
chapel was erected and also a four-room ed cottage fo r the pastor. In the rear
o f the chapel a small room was built fo r the use o f the foreign workers. T h is is
very needful, if the best w ork is to be done. The entire cost o f the ground and
chapel w as $360.
Sunday School Work
A special effort is being made to reach the children o f heathen families
in our Sunday school w ork. W hen the children attend a service fo r the first
time, they are quite noisy, so we tried the plan o f having a special session fo r
them on Sunday afternoon. It is proving a success. W e employ simple Bible
stories told in the language o f children. A Sunday school card, with a text
written in Chinese, is given to each child at the close o f the service. T he attend
ance each Sunday in the two Sunday schools opened fo r heathen children is over
two hundred. In this w ay many new fam ilies are being brought in touch with
the Gospel.
A t the last M ission Conference, it w as decided to transfer Linsui County to
the China Inland M ission. T his county is very mountainous, the travel is ardu
ous, and the membership small. W e had only two small chapels there. It was
the most difficult section o f our mission to w o rk ; the trip required two weeks o f
hard travel. On the other hand, it is in easy reach o f the China Inland Mission.
In view o f these facts all o f our membership and property in Linsui County
was transferred over to this mission. W e believe that the transfer is o f the
Lord, and that it w ill benefit both missions.
Y U N G C H A N G D I S T R IC T
(W est China M ission)
T a n g Y i n - heo , Superintendent
J. F . P e a t, M issionary-in-Charge
T his district is located on the great O verland Road connecting Chungking
and Chengtu, and includes the three county seats o f Yungchw an, Yurigchang,
West China
1914]
and Lungchang, and their adjoining territories. On either side are high moun
tains which are at present infested with robber bands, who are continually raid
ing the surrounding country, both villages and country farm homes. W hile
the church has been established here fo r some years, progress is being made very
slowly. Those who are members with us now appreciate that the church calls
upon men to repent and to become holy, not allow ing them to practice evil,
especially under cover o f the church. T he minority who do not understand
are amenable to exhortations. M any appreciate that not only they have part in
church affairs, but also that the church is really theirs. T hey are, therefore,
w illing to wrork fo r and contribute toward the maintenance o f the church. Still
there are those who, while they believe, do not get under the load.
In this district there are four complete families who believe— old and young,
male and female— all believe in Jesus as their personal Saviour. T o o often only
one, two or three members o f the fam ily believe. One o f the above fam ilies
mentioned numbers twenty-nine persons.
T h e membership may be divided into three classes: Those who are enthusi
astic and warm -hearted and who number ten per cent; ordinary members, num
bering forty per ce n t; and those who seem to be on the verge of backsliding or
who do not fully appreciate the full privileges o f the Gospel, fifty per cent.
T his summary saddens one, but when one feels that at least half o f the church
is making progress, it is still a cause fo r thankfulness. Unquestionably the Spirit
o f the Lord is among H is follow ers here. Quite a number o f members and pro
bationers received this year are those who have form erly believed, and fo r one
cause or another had left the church. Some places which had form erly been
closed, and preaching discontinued, have this year been reopened.
T he attitude o f non-believers is a cause fo r much encouragement on our
part. T here are no signs o f enmity against the Gospel from any source.' A ll
religionists give us a just hearing. A ll ranks and professions are pleased with
our presence. A ll hearers acknowledge that the Gospel message is all good,
nothing bad; all advantage, and no disadvantage to those who believe. There
are those who confuse C hrist’s teachings with those o f the ancient sages, not
appreciating that the Lord came to save souls. There are many Nicodemuses in
these parts. These alw ays listen to the Gospel message and buy thousands o f
books and tracts every year.
S U IN IN G D I S T R IC T
Suining D istrict includes three civil m agistrates’ districts, and part o f a fourth.
It has three large district cities, several subdistrict m agistracies, about 165 towns
and their outlying country neighborhoods.
It covers the northeast central section
o f our W est China M ission field.
Suining
Suining (population, 50,000) is 130 miles from Chungking and 120 miles from
Chengtu. It is situated on a level fentile plain and on the river Fow. A s a produc
tive and distributive trade center it ranks high in Szechuan Province.
T h is city was first opened for work by our mission in 1896, but not till 1900
did a missionary fam ily reside there. T h e Frien ds’ (E n glish ) Foreign M issionary
A ssociation have come in later.
M ission aries: R ev. J. O. Curnow and Mrs. Curnow. W . F. M. S .: M isses Helen
R. G allow ay and Gertrude T yler.
N o report.
J. F .
P
eat,
Superintendent
104
TZECHOW
D I S T R IC T
Tzechow (Tsich eo) D istrict centers about the departm ent city o f Tzech ow and
seven walled cities, on the G reat Road between Chungking and Chengtu.
The
boundaries o f the district inclose about 3,000 square miles. T h e population o f the
district is estim ated at 2,000,000.
T h e people are m ostly farm ers and the chief
exports are sugar, rice, alcohol, linen, and terra cotta ware.
N o other mission board has m issionaries in this district.
Tzechow
Tzech ow (Tsich eo) is a department city situated on the Lu R iver, 150 miles
by road from C hungking and 100 m iles fr.om Chengtu.
It is second in size o f the
seven w alled cities. W ith in the w alls it is generally flat except for two high hills.
On one o f these hills is a fine Chinese temple, in w hich is the Great E ye Goddess,
w hich is reputed to be able to heal all eye diseases. T h e people hold great festivals
in her honor.
T h e M ethodist Episcopal M ission, which began work in 1897, is the only Board
at work in Tzechow .
M issionaries: R ev. W . E dw ard M an ly (on furlough) and Mrs. M an ly (on
furlough), John W . Y o st and Mrs. Yost. W . F. M. S .: M isses Lela Lybargcr, Ella
M anning and Lena Nelson.
In stitution s: B o y s’ Boarding School.
W . F. M . S .: W om an’s Bible T rain in g
School, G irls’ D a y School.
N o report received.
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1914]
Korea
K orea
165
Co n f e r e n c e
T h e Korea Conference includes the w ork in the empire o f Korea. K orea is a
peninsula ly in g between Japan and China having an estim ated area o f 85,000
square m iles and supporting a population which is returned in the governm ent
census as 12,959,981.
T h e empire is divided into thirteen provinces which are
subdivided into 330 prefectures, or counties.
T h e country is v ery mountainous,
the main range traversing the peninsula not far from the east coast.
On the w est
coast there are a number o f navigable streams with good harbors and lan ding places.
T h e coast is dotted w ith m any islands, which makes n avigation dangerous.
K orea
is an agricultural country, the clim ate and soil being suited to the cultivation o f
rice, fruit, and cotton. T h e mountains o f Korea are rich in minerals, and the g o v
ernment has already granted m any m ining concessions covering large areas and in
cluding mines o f gold, silver, lead, copper, iron, coal, and graphite.
T h e fisheries
o f K orea are also very valuable. Great attention is being paid to forestry.
M ission work was begun by the M ethodist Episcopal Church in 1885 under the
superintendency o f R ev. Robert S. M aclay, D .D ., who commenced the w ork in Japan.
Th e M ission was created a M ission Conference in 1904 and organized into an A nnual
Conference in 1908.
M E T H O D IS T W O R K A M O N G T H E J A P A N E S E IN K O R E A
F.
H
erron
S
m it h
W ith a Japanese population o f 300,000 and increasing at the rate o f 50,000
a year, with the Japanese in control o f the government, the chief banks, the
transportation facilities, business enterprises, the newspapers, and the public
school sj^stem o f the peninsula, their Christianization becomes one o f the most
pressing mission problems in the F ar East. T h eir influence, already felt in
every part o f their new acquisition, is bound to become increasingly strong, and
unless they are Christianized that influence is going to be a great obstacle to
missionary success in K orea.
Its Beginning in Seoul
Eleven years ago Japanese had become so numerous in Chosen that the
members o f the Methodist Mission saw the strategic importance o f beginning
w ork among them, and in response to their suggestion Bishop M oore appointed
Rev. H. K ihara as the first m issionary to the Japanese in K orea. H is support
was provided fo r by personal subscriptions o f the M ethodist missionaries in
Japan and K o rea and by the Japanese M issionary Society.
In seven years the Japanese church in Seoul, under his pastorate, was
brought to self-support. T h ey bought the N agoya Castle Bazaar in Seoul, a
well-located lot with fo u r buildings near the $200,000 post office. In spite
o f the burden o f self-support, they have paid $2,800 gold on this property. O f
the four buildings, two are used tem porarily for church and parsonage; the
other two are rented and with the rent the interest on their $2,500 debt is paid.
D uring the year the little band o f 139 members has raised nearly $2,000 addi
tional fo r a building. Seoul is already one fourth Japanese, and when the plans
o f the governm ent have been carried out it will be second in magnificence
and importance only to T okyo, among Japanese cities.
P y e n g y a n g an d O th e r P la c e s
In addition to his w ork in Seoul, Mr. K ihara established w ork am ong the
Japanese in Chemulpo, Pyongyang, and Chinnampo. T he development in Pyeng-
i6 6
[1914
yang was especially rapid and attracted the attention o f Prince Ito, who pre
sented the society with a good building. F or eight years they have had a
pastor, but have not yet attained self-support.
T w o years ago w ork was begun among the 30,000 Japanese in Fusan, and
the Rev. C. Nakayam a, who had spent the preceding eleven years as Superintend
ent o f the N agasaki District, was secured as pastor.
Work of Methodist Episcopal Church, South
T he M ethodist Church South Mission o f Japan has fo r some years aided in
the support o f a man at W onsan, the sixth center o f the peninsula, and this
year has placed an additional man at Seiship further up the East coast toward
Vladivostok. In addition, all o f these preachers visit two or three out-stations
each regularly. In 1914 the district reported a total o f 578 members, who con
tributed $3,475 to the support o f the Church.
Aid from the Board
In its initial stages this w ork was financed largely by the missionaries in
Korea, but since the organization o f the Japan M ethodist Church in 1907 the
w orkers have been aided by its M issionary Society. D urin g 1914 the subsidy
received from this source was $1,009.
Because o f the importance and rapid growth o f this w ork Bishop Harris,
w ith the approval o f the Board o f F oreign Missions, appointed the Rev. Frank
H erron Sm ith to Seoul in February o f the year 1914. It was hoped that three
kinds o f Work could be done. T he first was the evangelizing o f Japanese centers
yet unoccupied, especially those in M ethodist territo ry; the second was to
endeavor to reach various classes in Seoul whom the Japanese pastors cannot
touch; the third was to try by interpreting and by explaining Japanese customs
and viewpoints to foreigners and vice versa, to help promote helpful relations
between the Japanese officials and missionaries, and to bring the Japanese and
Korean Christians into closer sympathy.
#
N ew centers o f Japanese w ork have been opened in two provincial capitals.
A t K o n gju a band o f fourteen have rented a preaching place and conduct
services and a Sunday school each week. A t H aiju we have enrolled fifty-one
adults and more than ninety children. A t Seoul, with the cooperation o f the
League, we have established in the church an English N ight School w ith three
classes and an enrollment o f sixty.
Opportunity for Educational Work
T he educational w ork am ong .the Japanese in K orea has so far been
neglected by all denominations. T h e fact that the Governm ent M iddle School is
turning aw ay 400 students each year shows the necessity fo r a Mission School.
H ad we the plant and teachers we could have a school the same size as Chinzei
Gakuin in the five years that it would take to organize the classes. A pure
Japanese school o f good grade would be a certain success in Seoul.
T he w ork done in the Japanese language must be largely increased. T h e
Korean students in the higher schools in Seoul, such as the Norm al School, the
Land Investigation Bureau School, the College o f L aw and Economics, the
K oreans employed as teachers and officials all speak Japanese and are not being
touched in any large w ay by the Korean churches. T h e y associate with Japanese
during the week and would worship in that language if there were opportunity.
"VTTi
B i su o r L ew is a n d D r. N orlk I t in k r a t in c i n
K okka
K orea
The Korean children in the public schools throughout Lhe country are mostly
from the so-called heathen homes and are not in thè present Sunday schools.
The principals o f the schools are Japanese, and missionaries speaking only
Korean cannot get in sympathetic touch with them.
Influence of the Korean Church
In material w ays the Japanese are rem aking Korea. A lon g spiritual lines
they already feel the influence o f the strong Korean Church. W ho knows but
that the Korean having lost his w orld may gain not only his own soul but that
o f the Japanese in his midst as w ell? The Korean Christian is being closely
and critically watched.- I f he practices faith fu lly the teachings o f Jesus he will
bring to the Japanese in Chosen a lesson they cannot overlook and do much
fo r their Christianization.
Christian Education in Korea
T he Methodist Episcopal Church in K orea has 109 boys’ schools with a
total enrollment of 4,557 pupils, which is an increase o f 1,109 over last yea r; the
total contributions from native sources reported at the Annual Conference in
1914 fo r education alone was Y en 21,602. This increase o f students and
local contributions was very largely due to the special effort made by the
Mission to give some relief and encouragement to the Mission Schools by an
advance in financial aid o f about $4,000 over the previous year. T h e total
budget fo r schools fo r the current year was Yen 19,625. T his amount was less
than the amount the natives contributed fo r current expenses during the year.
Besides this the natives have built their own school houses without our help.
T he above 109 schools have a considerable amount o f property invested in the
name o f the church and this must be taken into consideration when their needs
are considered.
Normal School Course at Pai-Chai
W e have felt for some time thai our Mission should have a Norm al T rain
ing School, but until very recently the Government has refused to grant per
mission to any one to run a N orm al outside their ow n; we have received the
necessary permission fo r a Y e a r’s N orm al Course at Pai-chai and being the only
Mission School which has received this permission we feel that it is a great
opportunity to show the Government w hat w e can do in the w ay o f providing
trained Christian teachers fo r ours and other schools. T his need is as imperative
as the continuance o f our schools.
SEOU L
D IS T R IC T
T h e Seoul D istrict includes the w ork in and about the national capital and a
portion o f the m etropolitan province o f K yungkui.
It lies m ostly in the valley o f
the H an R iver, the great central artery of the land, a region teem ing w ith people.
T h e population o f the m etropolitan province is given as 869,020, more than h alf o f
whom live 'in the territory o f this district. T h e whole region is easy o f access by
means o f rail and water. T h e cooperating missions are those o f the Presbyterian,
the M ethodist Episcopal Church, South, and the Church o f England.
Seoul
Seoul is the capital of the empire, and the most important city in the land.
It was here (hat the first m i s s i o n a r i e s Were able to obtain a foothold, securing
168
[1914
residence under the shelter o f the imperial court, and from here the work spread
throughout the empire,
êoul is a w alled city o f 250,000 people, 50,000 o f whom
are Japanese. Th ere are also about 300 Europeans and 2,000 Chinese.
It is three
m iles distant from the H an R iver and tw en ty-six miles from the sea coast at Che
mulpo. I t is the center o f the political, intellectual, and social life o f the people.
It is the railroad center o f the empire.
Seoul is becom ing a modern city.
Streets
h ave been w id e n e d ; there are electric lights, telephone, telegraph, and postal fa cil
ities, waterworks, banks, hotels, trolley cars, and tw o railroad stations.
O ther Boards at work here are the Com m unity of Saint Peter, "the K esw ick
M ission, the Board of M issions o f the M ethodist Episcopal Church, South, the
Board o f Foreign M issions of the Presbyterian Church in the U . _S. A ., the British
and Foreign Bible Society, the Am erican Bible Society, the International Y . M. C. A .,
the E nglish Salvation A rm y, the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in
Foreign Parts, and the Japan M ethodist
Church with work among Japanese.
M ission aries: R ev. S. A . B eck
and Mrs. Beck, R ev. D alzell A . Bunker and
Mrs. Bunker, R ev. E lm er M. Cable
and Mrs. Cable, R ev. Charles S. D em in g and
Mrs. Dem ing, Rev. W . Carl R ufus (on furlough) and Mrs. R ufus (on furlough),
F. Herron Sm ith and Mrs. Smith, H en ry C. T a ylo r and Mrs. T aylo r, James D . V an
Buskirk, M .D ., and Mrs. V a n Buskirk, Rev. O rville A . W eller and Mrs. W eller.
W . F. M. S .: M isses M illie M. Albertson, N aom i A . Anderson, Charlotte Brownlee,
Lulu E. Frey, H uldah H aenig, Grace L. Harmon, M argaret I. Hess, Am anda H illm an,
M .D ., M rs. R uby L . Krook, Jessie B. M arker, O live F. P ye, Mrs. M ary S. Steward,
M .D ., O ra M. T u ttle (on furlough), and Jeannette W alter.
In stitu tion s: Biblical Institute of Korea, Paichai H igh School and College for
Boys, M ethodist Publishin g House.
W . F. M. S .: Po K u 'N y o K w an (H osp ital),
Lillian H arris M em orial H ospital, E w a G irls’ H igh School, Bible W om an ’s T rain ing
School.
C h em u lp o
T h is is the port o f entry to the capital and is situated at the mouth o f the Han
R iver, tw en ty-six miles from the capital by rail.
E xpress trains, which run daily,
m ake the distance in one hour.
Chem ulpo has a population o f 15,000 Koreans,
10,000 Japanese, 1,000 Chinese, and less than 100 Europeans. T h e S ociety for the
Propagation o f the Gospel in F oreign Parts is at work here. T h e Japan M ethodist
Church has w ork am ong Japanese here.
M ission aries: Rev. Burke R. Law ton and Mrs. Lawton.
W . F . M. S .: M isses
M ary R. H illm an (on furlou gh), Lulu A . M iller, and Hanna Scharpff.
In stitu tio n s: Collin s B oys’ School. W . F . M. S . : G irls’ School.
W. A.
N
oble,
Superintendent
T h e Seoul D istrict includes the cities Seoul and Chemulpo and our work
on seventeen islands in the estuary o f the Han River.
Seoul Circuit is limited by the city and its environs, so that reference to
the city includes the circuit. It is the center o f the Korean national and reli
gious life. H ere are found the standards o f social and religious thought. On
the w hole district is a population o f 500,000; o f this nurftber 350,000 are fourfd
in the city and environs. T he population o f three other districts are smaller
than the city o f Seoul alone. Sixty-three hundred- o f our M ethodist Christians
are found here.
Seoul has become the great highw ay o f the w orld. It requires only twelve
days’ journ ey from her gates to London and seventeen days’ journej^ to N ew
Y o rk. Under the great program organized by the Government in a few years
Seoul w ill be the most attractive city o f the East. T he East and the W est are
flowing into her. T he church that is well established in this city w ill have the
w orld fo r its congregation. T he youth o f K orea may go to church in other
cities and attend school in other towns, but he will eventually come here to
learn how to worship and within these precincts w ill he seek his education.
Judging from the amount o f w ork our Mission has in this field compared
with others, w e must regard ourselves as responsible fo r fifty per cent o f the
Christian w ork o f the future.
T he evangelistic w ork o f the entire district is conducted by three mission
19*4]
Korea
aries, seven ordained pastors, forty-six local preachers, and 103 exhorters. W e
have 13,073 members and inquirers. O ur churches number ninety-six and are
valued at Y en 68,415. T here are eighty-three Sunday schools with 416 officers
and teachers and 6,887 pupils. On the Chemulpo and Island Circuits there are
sixty-nine churches with 6,885 believers. T he Sunday school pupils number
1,400.
S elf-su p p o rt
Self-support has increased about twenty-five per cent. O ur native Christians
have contributed Yen 20,251 toward self-support during the year.
Pai Chai H igh School— Principal, H ugh C y n n ; Teaching staff, eight;
enrollment, 200, which is a gain o f 112 over last yea r; there are sixty-five
students in the dorm itory.
T he collection fo r the educational fund fo r the year was Yen 709, a gain
o f Y en 419 over last year.
Pai Chai is our only high school and the oldest school in Korea, and its
curriculum is second to none. It has a fine athletic field and a strong school
spirit. W e have recently received permission from the Government to add a
year’s normal training course at Pai Chai. O urs is the only M ission School to
which the Government has made such a concession, and we feel that it is a
great opportunity to show what we can do in the way o f providing Christian
teachers for our own and other schools.
Union M ethodist Theological Sem inary— President, R. A . H a rd ie ; Faculty,
E. M. Cable, J. R. Gerdine, C. S. Deming, B. R .f Lawton. Methodist Enrollment,
juniors, 15; M iddle Classes, 24; total, 39 students. T o tal number o f students in
entire institution, 102; Alumni, 67.
A lthough we have had only the two low er classes in attendance this year
the scholarship o f the students shows much progress and is superior to that
o f any class so far entered. T he students have not only been enthusiastic
in their studies, but they have been a strong and effective force in the religious
and spiritual life o f the churches in Seoul and neighborhood.
T he constitution o f the Theological Sem inary has been revised and plans
for new buildings have been perfected. It is with real sadness we have heard
o f the death o f M rs. Gamble, who was deeply interested in our w ork and whose
generous g ift made possible our main building.
T he close relations between the Union Sem inary and the Pierson Memorial
Bible School have been severed. Students w ill no longer be enrolled in both
schools at the same time. A new course has been made for each school. Studies
in the Old and N ew Testam ent have been added to the w ork o f' each class
in the seminary. A ll candidates fo r admission to the Theological Sem inary
must present a certificate o f graduation from the Pierson M emorial Bible
School, which has a two years’ course with eighteen months o f Bible study.
General Educational Work
T he appointment o f Rev. A . L. Becker to the educational w ork fo r the
south has resulted in a splendid advance in all departments o f that w ork. T he
Joint Committee representing the six great missionary societies doing work
in K orea has voted to erect a college fo r all K orea located in Seoul. T he
170
Government has generously offered to sell land splendidly located fo r such
purposes and funds are in hand fo r the purchase.
T here are twenty-five secondary schools in Seoul D istrict with 1,589 students
and 82 teachers. T his is a gain o f 549 students over last year. F ive o f these
schools are located in Seoul City, and twenty are on the Chemulpo Circuit
with over 900 students enrolled. A gram m ar school in Chemulpo has 180
students. Each secondary school has a four years’ course.
M e d ica l W o r k
Severance Union M edical College— F a c u lty : President, Dr. O. A . A v is o n ;
Secretary, Dr. J. D. Van B usk irk; P ro fesso rs: Drs. J. W . Hirst, A . I. Ludlow,
N. H. Bowman, R. G. Mills, K. S. Oh, S. H. Hong, S. Y . Pak, M. C. Kang.
A class o f fifteen men was graduated March 31, and we now have ten
Seniors, fourteen Juniors, sixteen Sophomores, and sixteen Freshmen, or a
total o f fifty-six students in the medical school proper, besides a class o f twentyfo u r men taking a preparatory course under the direction o f our faculty in
the J. D. W ells Academ y, making an enrollment o f eighty in the five classes.
O f the fifteen graduates, fo u r are members o f our Methodist Church and
twelve o f the present student body belong to us.
W e have a large dispensary w ork attending to more than 100 cases daily.
PYENGYANG
D IS T R IC T
T h e P yen gyan g D istrict includes the M ethodist Episcopal M ission w ork in the
provinces of South P yengan and H w anghai.
T h e South Pyengan Provin ce has a
population o f about 700,000 and occupies the va lle y o f the T a to n g R iver. H wanghai
takes its nam e from its tw o principal cities, H w angju and H aiju, and consists of a
part o f the K orean w ater front on the Y e llo w .S e a and the mountainous hinterland.
It has a population o f about 900,000, givin g a total population in the territory of
this district o f about 1,600,000.
Both provinces are rich and fertile, the main
occupation o f the people being agriculture. A n increasing exploitation of the mines
of this section is opening up new wealth. T h e only cooperating mission is that of
the Presbyterian Church w ith stations at P yen gyan g and Chairyun g in Hwanghai.
T h ere are a number o f large-sized towns, and the people are a sturdy, intelligent,
hardy folk, strong in character and am ong the very best to be found in Korea.
P yengyang
T h is is the capital o f the South Pyen gan Province, a city of 50,000 population,
w ith a Japanese settlem ent o f 8,000. I t is situated on the T a to n g R ive r about fortyfive m iles from its mouth. P yen gyan g is an im portant railroad point, being on the
main line between Seoul and the Y alu, and 167 miles from the capital.
P yen gyan g
is the most ancient o f the Korean cities, dating from before the time% o f D avid,
and is the place where the w onderful Korean revival had its origin.
One o f the largest
Presbyterian M ission stations in the w orld is here.
T h e Japan M ethodist Church
has w ork am ong Japanese.
M issionaries: Rev. A rth ur L. Becker and Mrs. Becker, Rev. B liss W . B illin gs
and Mrs. B illin gs, R ev. E. Douglas Follw ell, M .D ., and Mrs. F ollw ell (on furlou gh),
R ev. C . D . M orris and Mrs. Morris. W . F. M. S . : M isses Ruth E , Benedict, M ary
M. Cutler, M .D ., Mrs. R osetta S. H all, M .D ., M isses E m ily I. H aynes and H enrietta
P. Robbins.
Institutions:- U nion H igh School and C ollege (M ethodist and Presbyterian),
H all M emorial H ospital.
W . F . M. S . : U nion H igh School for Girls, W om en’s
H ospital and Hom e for the Blind.
YUNGBYEN
D IS T R IC T
Th e Y ungbyen D istrict includes all our work in the province of north Pyengan,
which has a population of 600,119.
It is a mountainous region and difficult of
F ive
H undred
A ttend
P rayer
M eeting
at
F irst C h u r c h , P y e n g y a n g , K orea
1914]
Korea
171
access. T h e people are not so advanced as those to the south. It is in this region
that the very valuable m ining' concession owned by Am ericans is located.
Co
operation is had with the mission o f the Presbyterian Church, the territory being
divided between three mission stations. W e occupy the central part o f the province,
being responsible for the evangelization o f a region estimated to contain a popula
tion of 300,000.
Yungbyen
Yungbyen, the former capital o f the province, is a walled town o f 4,000 popula
tion in the mountains tw enty miles from the railw ay station at A n ju , w ith which it is
connected by a newly built governm ent road. It is our most northern station. Here
we have an excellent mission property. T h ere is a successful hospital in the city,
an active and grow ing church, and from Y ungbyen an extended evan gelistic work
is m aintained throughout the district.
M issionaries: E. D. Follw ell, M. D., and Mrs. F ollw ell (on furlou gh), Ira M.
M iller, M .D . (on furlough) and Mrs. M iller (on furlough), Rev. Charles D . Morris
and Mrs. Morris, R ev. V icto r H. W achs and Mrs. W achs.
W . F. M. S . : M isses
Grace L. D illingham , E th el M. E stey (on furlough), O lga P. Shaffer.
In stitu tio n : Dispensary.
C. D.
M
o r r is ,
Superintendent
Pyengyang D istrict supports eighty-two churches w ith . a total o f 9,517
believers, including 3,027 full members, 1,329 probationers, 438 baptized children.
T he remainder are enrolled seekers who attend our services and receive instruc
tion. T here are sixty-five Sunday schools with a membership of 8,987.
In Yungbyen D istrict there are thirty-four churches and a Christian com
munity o f 2,448, including 823 members in full connection. T he twenty-nine
Sunday schools have an enrollment o f 1,943.
M ed ical W o r k
H all M emorial Hospital at Pyengyang is in charge o f E. D. Follwell, M.D.
T otal number o f treatments during the year were 11,118, of which 4,483 were
new cases and 6,635 were return cases. Charity cases, 3,244.
H A IJ U
D IS T R IC T
The H a iju D istrict takes in the southern part of the H wanghai Province, which
comprises a strip o f territory stretching along the Y ellow Sea, covering two hundred
m iles east and w est by sixty to seventy-five miles north and south. It is a rolling,
hilly country, with extrem ely fertile soil, some o f the finest rice in the whole
country being produced here. Its population is estimated at 400,000.
H a iju
H aiju city is the capital o f the province and a growing, prosperous town of
20,000 population. M ethodist Episcopal M ission work was begun here in 1893. T h e
Presbyterian Church occupied this territory join tly with us until 1 9 0 9 , when, by
m utual agreement, they w ithdrew, leavin g the M ethodist Episcopal Church with sole
responsibility.
M ission aries: Rev. N athaniel D. Chew, Jr., and Mrs. Chew, Rev. Paul L. Grove
and Mrs. Grove, R ev. A rth u r H. Norton, M .D . (on furlough), and Mrs. Norton
(on furlough).
W . F. M. S .: M isses M ary Beiler and Gertrude E. S n avely
(on furlough).
N o report.
C. S.
D
e m in g ,
K O N G JU
Superintendent
W E ST . D IS T R IC T
T h e K o n gju W est D istrict contains twenty-oni: counties of South Chungchong
Province, is over 100 miles long, and has a population of between 400,00a and
450,000.
172
[1914
Kongju
K on gju, the provincial capital, is a grow in g city o f 5,000 population, surrounded
by a w ell-settled country.
It is picturesquely located on the Keum , or “ G olden,”
R iver and is tw en ty m iles off the railroad, with which the governm ent has con
nected it by a fine new road.
There is also the beginning o f several important
industries in the city.
Missionaries : R ev. W ilbu r C. Swearer and Mrs. Swearer, R ev. Corwin T aylo r
(on furlough) and Mrs. T a ylo r (on furlough), Rev. F ranklin E. C. W illiam s and
Mrs. W illiam s. W . F. M. S . : Mrs. A lice Hammond Sharp.
Institutions : H ospital, B o ys’ H igh School.
No report.
W
il b u r
C.
S
w earer,
Superintendent
K O N G JU E A S T D IS T R IC T
T h e K o n gju E ast D istrict comprises three counties in North Chungchong P ro v
ince and nine counties in South Chungchong Province. These counties cover about
300 square miles, and contain approxim ately 108 townships and 3,000 villages with
a total population o f 300,000.
No report.
C o r w in T
aylor,
W O N JU
Superintendent
D IS T R IC T
W o n ju D istrict covers eleven counties in the southern part o f the Kangwun
Provin ce and extends from the central range o f m ountains, w hich runs down
through the Korean peninsula to the Japan Sea.
It is a mountainous country, the
chief agricultural product being rice. T h e population is estim ated at 450,000.
T h is territory came to us in the division of the country which took place between
our M ission and those o f the Southern M ethodist and Presbyterian M issions.
W o n ju
T h e m ission station o f W o n ju was the former capital of the province and has
a population o f about 5,000. It is a strategic point from which the entire territory
can most easily be reached.
Missionaries: R ev. W . A . N oble and Mrs. Noble, A . G. Anderson, M .D ., and
M rs. Anderson.
W . A . N o b l e , M issionary-in-charge
T w o missionaries with their wives, three ordained preachers, four local
preachers, and fo u r school teachers make the w orking staff on this district.
O ne must travel 800 miles in order to visit our thirty-five churches. Mr. Noble
w rites: “ W hile I am the m issionary in charge o f the district, I live in Seoul,
seventy-eight miles from W onju. It requires a trip o f 800 miles, mostly on foot,
to visit all our w ork on the district. T o make the frequent trips the work
demands I have had to purchase a m otor cycle. B y it I can reach the center
o f the w ork in four or five hours, whereas it used to require a trip o f three or
fo u r days. I have walked the distance in two days, but was o f little use the
n ext day. T h e district is naturally divided into two sections by a mountain
range running north and south. T h e extrem e west and the coast line on the
east are very populous. T h e central and mountainous section is sparsely settled.
T h e total population numbers over 400,000. T his territory was assigned to the
M ethodist M ission at the time o f the division o f the territory among the six
large mission bodies in K orea. T h e Roman Catholics, however, have w ork
within the territory. T h eir largest center is W on ju.”
D uring the year three new churches were built. O ur total Christian follow
Korea
I9 I 4]
173
ing is 2,335. O f this number 610 are church members. Y en 2,229.25 was con
tributed this year toward self-support.
W on ju and K angnung Circuits have tw enty-four Sunday schools with a
total membership o f 946.
E d u ca tio n a l
W onju has no large institutions. T here are four schools for boys, with six
teachers and ninety sch o la rs; three schools for girls, with three teachers and
forty-five students.
M edical
T he Swedish M emorial Hospital has just been completed.
son is physician in charge.
D r. A . G. A n d er
SU W O N D IS T R IC T
T h is district was cut o ff the Seoul D istrict in 1908 and includes the southern
tier o f coun ties in the P rov in ce o f Kyungkui and part o f N orth and South Chungchon g. It is a great grain -p rodu cin g section and has m any im portant m arket tow ns.
T h e district takes its nam e from the city o f the Suwon, which is the capital o f the
Kyungkui P rov in ce. P robably 500,000 p eople reside within the bounds o f this d is
trict. T here are su ccessful sch ools fo r boys and fo r girls at Suw on and a rapidly
grow ing evan gelistic w ork all through the territory. T he Church o f E nglan d m ain
tains a station at Suwon.
Missionary: R ev. G eorge M. Burdick.
G. M.
B
u r d ic k ,
Superintendent
The plan of “ sub-districting” o f this district has proven so successful that
this year the district has been further divided. The Rev. H. C. T aylor continues
at the head o f the four west circu its; Rev. H ong Seung H a has charge o f the
two North Central C ircuits; Rev. Han Chang Sup, a member o f Conference,
has the oversight o f the three central circu its; and Rev. Chang Chun M eung
is at the head o f the two east circuits. T hrough this method the district has
had more effective supervision than ever before. Y en 6,560 were contributed
toward self-support during the year by the native Christians. T here are 93
Sunday schools with a total membership o f 3,594. O ur church members
number 1,272; probationers, 1,671; baptized children, 534; and inquirers, 3,079.
T otal number o f Christians, 6,556.
Under the superintendence o f Rev. A rthur L. Becker the schools 011 this
district have had an unusually prosperous 3rear. The native contribution toward
school w ork has been Yen 2,815, a gain over last year o f Yen 852. In our
eighteen boys’ schools there are 534 pupils as against 386 last year. O ur seven
schools fo r girls have 219 students enrolled. Last year there were 180.
E v a n g e lism
Revival w ork assumed some new phases during the year. A ll the classes
were accompanied by evening evangelistic effort which resulted in greatly deepen
ing the spiritual life, and in some o f these services new believers w ere won.
In addition to this work, Rev. Kim Y u Seun, an evangelist who has spent several
years in H aw aii and Am erica, conducted special revival services at five centers
on the district. H e was especially used in bringing a fuller Christian life to the
Christians, and in every place some new believers were won. Still another
form o f revival effort, organized by the Koreans themselves, has been success
i /4
fully carried on. On the Chei Churn and Chunggin Circuits a band o f volunteer
workers, more than twenty in number, visited many villages preaching, dis
tributing tracts, and selling Gospels. On the Chei Chum Circuit the band divided
into twos and every church on the circuit, together with many outlying villages,
was visited. On the Chunggin Circuit the effort was largely concentrated on
the villages in the immediate neighborhood o f the county seat. A s a result o f
these efforts new fam ilies o f believers were won in a number o f villages where
before there were no Christians. On a smaller scale other circuits successfully
follow ed the example o f these two circuits.
Self-support
Self-support has made the most marked advance o f any year in the history
o f the district. T h e total contributions fo r the Conference year ending in June
amounted to Y en 6,560, an increase o f Yen 400 over the previous year. A t
Conference time the Yichun C ircuit took full support of its preacher, this
circuit becoming the first circuit on the district to become entirely self-support
ing so fa r as the preacher is concerned. T hey pay their preacher Yen 15 per
month. A t the first Q uarterly Conference the Yeagin Circuit increased pledges
fo r preacher’s salary from Yen 5.67 per month to Y en 10 per month. Four
other circuits made substantial increase in pledges for preacher’s salary. Suwon
C ity church has subscribed Y en 120 toward the erection o f the long desired
boys’ school building. One young man on the School Board subscribed more
than one month’s salary, while the head teacher in the school subscribed half
a month’s salary, and each o f the other teachers nearly one h a lf a month’s
salary. T he clim ax in self-help has been reached at Yichun. H ere in a mem
bership all poor the circuit has subscribed Yen 2,000 tow ard the new site and
buildings fo r church and school at the county seat. Men from all over the
circuit gathered during the hottest weather of summer to grade the new site,
young merchants from the village dressing like coolies and w orking with pick
and spade. T his church desires help to the extent o f $2,000 in putting up a
tw o-story building, the upper story to be used as church and the lower story
as boys’ school. A lm ost the total native subscription has gone into the fine
new site and the grading. T h is is one o f the finest building sites in the
M ission; and the Suw on D istrict having no central buildings anywhere, this
church desires to make their new building adaptable fo r D istrict Conferences
and Central Class work.
JA PA N
' • '<-> v/ / / a ä s 2
NO. 7
Maruçrv
Kochj
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Japan
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Ja p a n
Th e empire of Japan consists o f four large islands, besides Form osa, the P e s
cadores, Port A rthur in China, the southern h alf of Saghalien, and about four thou
sand small islands, o f which the Liuchiu on the south and the K urile on the north
are the m ost important groups. D urin g 1910 Japan annexed Korea, over w hich she
had held a protectorate since the close .of the Russo-Japanese war in 1905. K orea
now becomes a province of Japan.
Th e islands extend in the form o f a crescent
from latitude 24° 14' to 45° 30' north, about the same parallels between w hich lie
the states o f the M ississippi valley. Th e total area o f Japan proper is about 164,000
square miles, or a little more than that o f California.
T h e annexation of K orea
increases this by 80,000 square miles. Its island form ation gives it 18,000 m iles of
coast line.
T h e clim ate is more varied than may be found from M innesota to
Louisiana, and in the principal islahds of Japan, although som ewhat debilitating, it
is fairly salubrious.
N o month is exem pt from rain, although it is m.ost plentiful
from June through September.
T h e chief occupation is agriculture, the principal
products being rice, barley, wheat, m illet, m aize, beans, peas, and potatoes.
Tea,
tobacco, and mulberry trees are cultivated. T h e last named are raised in connection
with the silk industry, which is Japan’s most important industry.
O th er im portant
industries are fishing, m ining, and a number of mechanical arts, in which the Japanese
are very skillful. There are over 5,350 miles o f railway and more than 38,500 miles
o f telegraph in the empire. Other modern im provements common to W estern nations
are being introduced in Japan.
T h e population of 1909 was estim ated at over 50,300,000, and the normal increase
is said to be about 700,000 per year. T h e Japanese people are quick to learn, strong
in observation, perspective, and memory, but some authorities state that they are weak
in logic and abstraction. Am on g their moral attributes are loyalty, filial reverence,
obedience, courtesy, and unselfishness.
Th e M ethodist Episcopal Church has mission stations in ten o f the first tw entytwo Japanese cities in size. E leven stations are on three of the four ‘main islands,
and one smaller station is on Okinawa, o f the Liuchiu group.
Th e mission was
organized in 1873 and became an Annual Conference in 1884 and two Conferences
in 1899, when the South Japan M ission Conference w as organized, which also became
an A nnual Conference in 1905.
W hen in 1907 the Japan M ethodist Church was
form ed by the m erging o f the Japan Churches belonging to the M ethodist Episcopal
Church, the M ethodist Episcopal Church, South, and the M ethodist Church, Canada,
these two Annual Conferences ceased to exist, but the Japan M ethodist Church
is divided into two A nnual Conferences known as the East and the W est, which
include all the territory form erly occupied by the uniting bodies.
T h e financial
appropriations and the foreign m issionaries o f the M ethodist Episcopal Church
continue to assist the Japanese Church in the task o f evangelizing the island empire.
T h e educatioxial institutions and publishing house preserve the same status as before
the organization o f the Japan M ethodist Church.
E A ST JAPAN C O N FE R E N C E
T H E S O C IA L B E N E F IT S O F C H R IS T IA N IT Y
B y D avid S. S pencer
In this district, direct and indirect, they m ay be summed up briefly in some
what the follow in g m ann er:
W om an’s condition has improved much in several ways. Christian mission
schools fo r girls taught the Japanese the value o f such education and eleva
tion; when woman came to know something she came to have increasing respect
shown her. H er social, religious and fam ily standing has undoubtedly improved
greatly.
M arriage has, under Christian teaching, come to be a different institution.
Concubinage has been made ille g a l; infanticide is punishable as m u rd er; and
a separate home fo r the young married couple, instead o f compelling the
176
[1914
young w ife to become a slave to her mother-in-law, is meeting with wide ap
proval.
Childhood has gained much in the way o f corrected sentiment. T he birth
o f girls in the fam ily is now 110 longer a disgrace— though boys are doubtless
still p referred— and the little girls have attention given them in some measure
o f equality with that shown the boys. Better sanitary laws, and the teaching
o f mothers in m others’ meetings to care fo r their children, has added much to
appearance and cleanliness. ^ W here the little kimono used to become dangerously
dirty and unhealthy, a little apron is now worn, and changed fo r washing.
B etter w ater supply has defeated many o f the old diseases, and the death rate
among children has been very largely reduced. This single fact accounts in
good measure fo r the recent rapid increase in the population of Japan proper.
T he brothel system as a licensed institution still exists, but is cause fo r shame
to large numbers o f the people, even fa r outside Christian circles. It no" longer,
as a rule, flaunts its hideous form in the centers o f cities, but is compelled to
hide aw ay in secluded sections, and to w alk with great circumspection. Seldom
is a Japanese now heard to speak with pride o f such an institution.
T he standard o f living in the average home has much improved, especially in
the Christian homes, which are often cited as examples o f what a home ought
to be. It is difficult to estimate fully the value o f the service which Christianity
has rendered to the homes o f Japan.
Commercial honesty has been unquestionably promoted by the presence o f
Christianity in this section. Men apologize at once fo r lapses in this matter
where form erly they w ere thought nothing of. H ow could it be otherwise,
when some hundreds o f missionaries are constantly, both by precept and example,
teaching the sinfulness o f violations o f honesty in dealing. Christian sentiment
is compelling attention to this weakness.
Sabbath observance still leaves much to be desired, but it is unwise not to
take note o f the vast gain which has here come to Japan through contact with
Christian thought. N o w the Christian Sabbath is a holiday, if not a holy day;
all Government offices, banks, schools and government institutions, except post
and telegraph offices, are closed on the Sabbath. Business companies generally
have some knowledge o f the view s o f foreigners regarding the Sabbath, and
refrain from bringing business to them on these days, or if they venture to
present it, do so with an apology.
D iplom acy has been elevated by contact with Christian nations till it is
doubtless correct to say that Japan compares w ell with the average nation as
regards the nature o f her diplomacy.
T he laws codified recently are based upon the Code Napoleon, which is
fundam entally o f the same nature as our own laws. M istakes in administration
o f law may sometimes occur, but that the aim is the execution Of justice in an
honorable w ay cannot be successfully disputed. L ike the leaven in the meal,
Christianity is touching every stratum o f Japanese life and its good effects are
plainly m anifest to the man who has seen twenty-five years in this land.
Tokyo
T o k y o (population, over 2,000,000 and the fourth city o f the w orld), the capital
o f Japan since 1867, and the largest city o f the empire, measures 10 miles in every
direction.
It is intersected by numerous creeks and canals,
over which there are
said to be about eight hundred bridges.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work w as begun in 1873. Other boards a t work
1914]
Japan
177
here are the Am erican Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, the Am erican
Baptist Foreign M ission Society, the German Evangelical Protestant M issionary
Union, the Am erican Friends, the Christian Church, the Church M issionary Society,
the E van gelical Association, the E van gelical Lutheran Church in N orth Am erica,
Foreign Christian M issionary Society, M ethodist Church, Canada, M ission to Lepers
in India and the East, M ethodist Protestant Church, Am erican Protestant Episcopal
Church, the Am erican Presbyterian (N orthern ), the Reform ed Church in Am erica,
the R eform ed Church in the U nited States, Seventh D ay A dventists, the Society for
the Propagation o f the Gospel, the U n ited Brethren in Christ, U n iversalist General
Convention, the Apostolic Faith M ovement, the Plym outh Brethren, the Japan E v a n
gelistic Band, the Lutheran E van gelical Society of Finland, the Oriental M issionary
Society, and the Pentecostal M issionary Union of the U . S. A .
M issionaries: Rev. Robert P. A lexan der and Mrs. Alexander, Rev. A rthur D .
Berry, Rev. Charles Bishop and Mrs. Bishop, Rev. Benjam in Chappell. Rev. Harper
H. Coates, Rev. Charles S. D avison and Mrs. Davison, Rev. Gideon F. Draper (on
furlough) and_Mrs. Draper (on furlough), Rev. Sennosuke O gata and Mrs. Ogata,
and M iss Jennie S. V a il (on furlough). W . F. M. S .: M isses E lla Blackstock, M ary
H. Chappell, Reba Snapp, N ell M. D aniel (on furlough), A m y G. Lew is (on furlough)
M yrtle Z. Pider, M. Helen Russell (on furlough), M abel K . Seeds (on furlough),
M atilda A . Spencer, A n n a L. W hite.
In stitu tion s: Anglo-Japanese College (A oyam a G akuin), Philander Smith Biblical
Institute, Publishing House. W . F. M. S . : Anglo-Japanese G irls’ College (Aoyam a
Jo G akuin), H arrison M em orial Industrial School.
G. F .
D
raper,
Superintendent
The most striking fact in connection with this district is the extent o f the
field and the vast opportunity it presents fo r w ork that shall be both extensive
and intensive. A study o f the map reveals it. as in the center o f this Empire—
that is, near the capital— and including three large Prefectures, with a total
area o f about 6,690 square miles and a population o f approximately three and a
h alf million souls. T o this is to be added fu lly one third o f the people in this
great metropolis o f Eastern A sia and an equal portion o f the urban Prefecture
in which the city is located. This would add another million and a half o f souls
— or about five millions altogether.
Methodist Publishing House, Tokyo
O ur Church maintains the only M ission Publishing House o f any size in
Japan or Korea, and year by year it has come to be a clearing house fo r all the
Protestant Missions, in matters relating to Literature in Japanese and English.
L ast year we did a business o f over seventy thousand Y en 011 a practically selfsupporting basis. W e have a fine central building in T okyo. A large mail
order business in Christian books, a general book-store business, the publication
o f Japanese Christian books and Sunday school literature, the issuing o f the
“ Japan Evangelist,” the monthly chronicle o f the w ork o f all the Missions, the
sales agency o f the new Christian Literature Society— these are some o f the
things that have occupied our attention during the past year.
In January w e sold the printing department to a Christian printing com
pany, and so have greatly simplified our business and reduced expenses without
the least curtailment o f efficiency. The plant is continued on the same site.
National Temperance League
A n institution o f national importance and vitally connected with our Church,
has its headquarters in the fine new building o f the Ginza Methodist Church, our
strongest church. T his is the National Temperance League, one o f the great
factors in the social uplift o f this nation. Its enthusiastic and aggressive presi
dent, Hon. T . Ando, is a devoted member o f the church and teaches a large morn
ing Bible Q asg every Sunday.
178
[1914
Yokohama
Yokoham a (population, 394,000) is the most important seaport of Japan and the
fourth city o f the empire in population. It is situated on M ississippi B ay, an arm
o f the large T ok yo B ay about 17 m iles from Tokyo.
at work here are the Am erican Baptist Foreign M ission Society, the H ephzibah
Faith M ission, the M ethodist Protestant Church, the Am erican Presbyterian Church
(N orthern ), the R eform ed Church in Am erica, the W om en’s U nion M issionary
Society of Am erica, the Apostolic Faith Movement, and the S ociety for the Propa
gation o f the Gospel.
M ission aries: Rev. H erbert W . Schw artz, M .D ., and M iss Schw artz (on fur
lough). W . F . M . S .: M isses G eorgiana Baucus, Em m a E . Dickinson, Leonora H.
Seeds (on furlough), A n n a B. Slate, Mrs. Caroline W . V a n Petten, and Rcbecca
W atson.
In stitu tio n : W . F. M. S .: H iggin s M emorial Home and Bible T ra in in g School.
N o report.
Sendai
Sendai (population, 100,000) is s garrison town, and it is called the capital of
the north. It is 215 miles north o f T ok yo on the east coast o f the Island of Hondo.
It is an im portant educational center and is noted for its fossil-wood ornaments and
pottery.
T h e relations between the city officials and people and the m issionaries
are especially friendly, and the unity and social life of the m issionary com m unity
d eligh tfully harmonious.
O ther boards at work
here are the Am erican Board (C on gregation al), Am erican Baptist Foreign M ission
Society, the M ission Board o f the Christian Church, the Foreign Christian M issionary
Society, the A m erican Protestant Episcopal Church, and the R eform ed Church in
the U n ited States.
M ission aries: Rev. Charles W . Iglehart and Mrs. Iglehart. W . F. M. S .: M isses
Carrie A . H eaton, E lla J. H ew ett, and Louisa Im hof.
In stitution s: W . F. M. S .: Industrial School, U nion Orphanage.
N o report.
Hakodate
H akodate (population, 87,875) is e leading port of the H okkaido, the northern
most o f the four principal islands o f Japan. It is situated upon a beautiful cresccntshaped bay, looking upon the Tsugaru Strait, and is backed by a rocky eminence
1,000 feet in height, known as “ T h e Peak.”
M ethodist Episcopal mission w ork w as begun in 1874. Th e Church M issionary
Society is also at work here.
.M issionaries: W . F. M . S .: M isses A u gu sta D ickerson, M ary S. Hampton,
Florence E. Singer, W in ifred Draper, i-nd M innie Gardner.
In stitu tion : W . F. M . S .: Caroline W righ t M emorial School.
Hirosaki
H irosaki (population, 37,400) is 500 m iles noxth o f T ok yo in the province of
Mutsu, the northernmost province o f Hondo, the main island o f Japan.
Like all
this northern part o f Hondo, the people o f H irosaki are very conservative, especially
in religious matters.
In H irosaki is located
one o f the strongest M ethodist churches in Japan.
From this church have comc
sixty-three M ethodist preachers and Bible women, some o f whom are most prominent
in Christian work in Japan. Th e Am erican Protestant Episcopal Church has mission
w ork in H irosaki.
M ission aries: R ev. E dw in T . Iglehart and Mrs. Iglehart. W . F. M. S..: Misses
Bessie Alexan der, G race Preston, G race K. W ythe.
In stitu tio n s: W . F . M . S . : G irls’ School, M ary A lexan der M em orial K in d er
garten, A ik o Kindergarten.
E. T . I g leh art , M issionary-in-Charge
T he rice crop in N orth Japan last year was almost a total failure. T o a
population depending almost entirely fo r support upon the yield o f the rice fields
this meant famine. Suffering was very general and i n t e n t In many places
Japan
179
the people were forced lo eat roots and the bark o f trees. The winters in these
northern regions are very severe, with deep snow and high winds, and the people
were insufficiently nourished to withstand the rigors o f the winter season. O ur
w ork naturally felt the effects o f these famine conditions, but happily our people
were able to use it as an opportunity fo r putting into effect the social teaching
o f Jesus. Those o f our Christians in the larger cities where the suffering was
not so acute, who w ere able to do so, gave generously o f their possessions. Our
pastor at Goshogawara, with some o f the young men from the town, taking a
large supply o f other products o f the province, such as lacquer ware and apples,
went to Tokyo, five hundred miles away, and peddled these things from house
to house fo r several weeks, clearing a considerable .sum fo r the sufferers. In
other parts o f the Empire, also, native Christians rallied to the support o f their
unfortunate brethren in the north.
T he N ational T h ree-Y ea r Evangelistic Campaign has been launched, and is
producing very gratifyin g results. M eetings have been held in several o f the
churches o f the district, and there has been a goodly number o f conversions. In
some places that the United Campaign did not reach, a gracious w ork has been
going on. A t Noshiro, a conservative old Buddhist town where w e have been
trying to gain a foothold, sixteen young people have been converted, and word
has come o f a revival breaking out there. O ur H irosaki Church, the mother
o f Methodist preachers, continues to thrive. W hile some o f its strongest mem
bers have recently been lost by removal or death, there is a healthy grow th and
activity, especially am ong the young people.
F o r several years there has been no missionary o f our Board resident on
this district. W e have a very efficient Japanese D istrict Superintendent, Rev.
M otojiro Yam aka, who also serves as pastor o f our Aom ori Church. Our
M ethodist Church is responsible for a large share o f the w ork in this province
whose evangelization has hardly begun. There are several important places
which have been committed to our mission fo r direct oversight b}r the native
Conference. U ntil the increase in our forces enables us to locate a missionary
in H irosaki, the Bishop has appointed Rev. E. T . Iglehart o f our Theological
School in T okyo to have charge o f the missionary w ork o f the District.
Secretary N orth and D r. H aven spent several days on the district during
their northern tour early in October. T heir visit was highly appreciated by all.
T h eir eagerness to learn all that could be known and their sympathetic attitude
toward the local problems greatfy impressed and pleased our people. T heir pres
ence and their addresses were most inspirational.
T h ere is a new spirit abroad in Japan to-day, a new recognition o f the things
o f the spirit, a soberness produced doubtless by present world conditions. W e
feel that it is preeminently the day o f Christ’s opportunity here.
S app oro
Sapporo (population, 70,084) is the capital o f the Hokkaido, and is the northern
most mission station o f the M ethodist. Episcopal Church in Japan. It is the seat of
the fam ous governm ent A gricultural College, o f which D r. Sato, a M ethodist (the
1913 E xchan ge Lecturer under the Carnegie Foundation"), is president. Sapporo has
been called “ the most Christian city in Japan.”
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun ¡^ 1 8 9 2 . Other mission boards at
w ork here are the Am erican Board (C on gregation al), the Church M issionary Society,
and the Am erican Presbyterians (N orthern).
M issionaries: R ev. Frederick W . H eckelman (on furlough) and Mrs. H eckelman (on furlough). W . F. M. S .: M iss M illicent N. Fretts.
i 8o
NAGOYA
D IS T R IC T
D avid S. S pencer , M issionary-in-Charge
One year ago when I returned to this district a fter fifteen years o f other
employment, our church had no w ork o f its own remaining here, the organized
church w ork having been transferred to the Japan Methodist Church at the
time o f the union. To-day we have a T eacher T rainin g Class o f bright young
men, volu n teers; four new Sunday Schools with thirty to seventy children e a ch ;
three regular Bible classes and one chapel. I also give three or fo u r hours each
week to the teaching o f the English language in a Government H igh School
o f 600 picked young men. T h is brings me in touch with the Governm ent student
class and their teachers. I have now a class o f a dozen inquirers and am prepar
ing one lecture each week fo r the Teacher T rainin g Class, and the International
Sunday school lessons in prim ary and intermediate grades fo r all Japan. Mrs.
Spencer has a class o f thirty-five women whom she instructs in the Bible and
in foreign cooking, and in the care o f children.
I also preach once a w eek to one hundred young men in a Christian night
school maintained by the Japan Methodist Church.
Nagoya, the third city in size in the empire, is the commercial, industrial
and educational center fo r two large and rich provinces, very heavily populated.
N agoya exports Y e n 40,000,000 worth o f products annually; offers porcelain,
silk, lacquer, cloissone and clocks as its chief manufactures, and rice as its farm
product; maintains eighteen large schools o f high school grade and above, with
promise o f an Im perial U niversity in the near fu tu r e ; has thirteen hospitals,
with eighty-eight physicians, with 139 trained nurses and 362 assistants in th em ;
and supports in the city besides 551 physicians, 370 trained nurses and 288
midwives. H ere are regularly stationed 12,000 soldiers, who represent double
this number o f reserves. A s a location fo r w ork, the city is ideal. W ithin a
radius o f fifty miles in any direction, and all in this valley, the missionary has
within easy reach 3,500,000 people. Facilities fo r travel from this center are
good and constantly improving. In this valley lie more than a thousand towns
and villages with populations ranging from 1,000 to 50,000 each, many o f which
contain not a single Christian nor any Christian w ork whatever. T h e territory
has, however, been apportioned to the M issions already having w ork here and
steady effort is being made to carry the Gospel to all sections.
N agoya has grow n since we left it fifteen years ago from a city o f 200,000
to one o f 450,000. It is one o f the strongest Buddhist centers in this country.
In the city are 337 Buddhist temples and 330 priests, with two large schools for
their education. T here are also 112 Shinto shrines and 102 priests. T here are
a dozen Christian preaching places.
In the valley in which the district lies, N agoya included, are 5,771 Buddhist
temples and 5,245 priests; 9,582 Shinto shrines and 609 priests. T here arc pos
sibly a total o f sixty places where the Gospel is preached more or less regularly.
T he native preachers o f all Protestant denominations number about forty. T he
Japan M ethodist Church now has the supervision o f the six centers o f w ork
in this valley form erly belonging to our Board, and it is our aim to broaden and
strengthen that Church by opening new work, and carryin g the w ork into sec
tions yet untouched. Special emphasis is given to self-support methods, and I
employ as yet but one paid helper. T o crow d self-support too hard ju st now is
Japan
181
not, however, in the interest o f either the M ission or the Kingdom . L argely
increased contributions from the present membership o f the churches are scarcely
to be looked for, though some advance should be m ade; but increase must come
mainly from new material brought into the church. M ore w ork than five men
can possibly do is now open to us in this city.
A ccording to the allotment o f territory made to us in this section by the
Conference o f Federated Missions plan, it falls to the M ethodist Church to
evangelize about 1,000,000 souls. T o do this we need, according to the judgment
o f the same body, twenty evangelistic missionaries where we now have two,
and forty native evangelists where we now have but nine. T hey ask us to make
good our part o f this evangelistic force.
T h e W om an’s Foreign M issionary Society has in N agoya an excellent girls’
school, the influence o f which is o f much value to the Japan M ethodist Church
in this section. T he M isses Lee and Bullis are engaged in educational work, and
Miss W eaver in evangelistic lines. Besides the religious w ork at the school,
these ladies and their helpers conduct eleven Sunday schools in and around the
city. T h is is in addition to their w ork in sections where the Japan Methodist
Church is established.
T he Japan M ethodist Church is in charge o f all .the evangelistic work, both
in and out o f N agoya, which form erly belonged to the Methodist Episcopal
Church. T h at is, they have regularly organized w ork at N agoya, Nishio,
Toyohashi, Shinshiro, Ebi and Kom aki. N agoya is the only self-supporting
Church among them, and in most o f the others they are some distance from
self-support. T he virtual absence o f our missionaries from this valley fo r so
long a time has w orked serious loss to the churches both in and out o f N agoya.
W E ST JAPAN CO N FE R E N CE
T h e W est Japan M ission o f the Japan M ethodist Church covers the follow ing
territo ry: N agasaki, Fukuoka, Kum amoto, and Kogoshim a Prefectures, in the island
of Kiushiu, and the group of islands form ing the former kingdom o f Liuchiu, now
the Okinaw a Prefecture.
T h e prefectures in K iushiu proper in w hich we work
have a population o f 5,796,430. T a k in g all things into consideration, strength and
number of the missions w orking in these prefectures, our own mission is responsible
for not less than one third o f this number or, in round numbers, for two million
people.
It is now more than seven years since the independent .Japan M ethodist
Church was organized and w e would not think o f going back to the old way.
T h e new church has become accustomed to the burdens and is givin g herself
to evangelism as never before, with the result that during the year we had more
baptisms than any o f our sister communions. On account o f the great national
evangelistic campaign, which began in March, we expect to enroll more new
Christians this year than ever before. T he M ission Board o f the native church
has taken over the responsibility fo r the aided churches and the three assisting
missions pay their subsidy directly to this Board, o f which D r. M cKenzie, a
Canadian Methodist, is treasurer. T his subsidy is being decreased at the rate
o f Y e n 1,000 a year, that being the average gain in self-support made in the
churches.
W h ile we have nothing to say as to w hat shall be done in other countries, it
would be next to impossible to find a Methodist missionarj' who is dissatisfied
with present conditions in Japan. In our own church we have the greatest
freedom o f action independently under Bishop H arris, and the greatest freedom
182
in cooperation, under Bishop H iraiw a. I f we wish to open any new place, we
may do so, and if we wish to carry on some w ork in connection with an organ
ized church, we are allowed that privilege. W e are convinced that the Japanese
w ill make greater sacrifices and w ork harder fo r their own church than they will
fo r a foreign church and that the Japanese Bishop can get more and better
service from the Japanese preachers than can a foreigner.
Nagasaki
N agasaki (population, 176,000) is the seventh city of Japan in size and third
in the importance o f the foreign settlement.
It lies on a deep and beautiful bay
at the western end o f the island o f Kiushiu. It is known for its large shipbuilding
trade, for its coal m ining, and for the m anufacture of the renowned “ egg-shell
chin a.” From the Christian standpoint N agasaki is the most interesting city, histo
rically, in the empire.
It was at one time, over three hundred years ago, a thor
oughly Christian city.
A fterw ard it became the scene o f the most terrific persecu
tio n s ; tw enty-seven priests, Japanese and foreign, were crucified in one day on the
hill where the Catholic Cathedral now stands. W ithin a few miles of N agasaki are
the remains o f the old castle where the Christian army made its last stand, and where
20,000 men, women, and children were put to the sword. W hen the first Protestant
m issionaries came after Commodore P erry’s visit they landed at N agasaki.
Other Boards at work
here are the Church M issionary Society, the Reform ed Church in Am erica, and
the Southern Baptist Church.
M ission aries: R ev. M erlo K. W . H eicher and Mrs. H eicher, Rev. Francis N.
S cott and Mrs. Scott, Mr. H arvey A . W heeler and Mrs. W heeler.
W . F. M. S . :
M isses A della M. Ashbaugh, Louise Bangs, M ary A . C ody (on furlough), Edith
L. Ketchum , M ary E . M elton, Elizabeth Russell, Bertha Starkey, M ary M. Thom as
(on furlough), and M arianna Young.
In stitu tio n s: Anglo-Japanese College. W . F. M. S. G irls' School.
H arvey A . W heeler w rites: During the year I have taught three weekly
Bible classes outside o f my regular school w o r k : one fo r students, attended
largely by Chinzei students; one for Japanese English teachers and other English
speaking Japanese; and the other a Norm al training class fo r the students who
teach in my Sunday schools. T h e weekly attendance at the Student Bible class
has nearly doubled during the last year. Sometimes the rooms are crowded,
with all the chairs full and students sitting on the floor. T he average attendance
fo r the year in this class is about twenty-five per week. It is a great inspira
tion to have the students come o f their own free will, week after week, both in
fa ir and stormy weather. One student who graduated last spring was a regular
attendant o f this class fo r four years. But one night he was not present. W hen
I saw him at school a day or two later he came to me and said he was very
sorry that he had missed a meeting o f the class, and would I please excuse him,
fo r his mother had died and he was busy about the funeral so could not come.
A few faithful students like this one who are never absent unless they have a
good excuse make Bible teaching a great inspiration.
T he N orm al Class is an important feature o f the work. In this class we go
over the lesson together and discuss ways o f presenting the truths to the children.
It is usually a small group that meets here with me on. Saturday nights, but on
Sundays these students go out and teach larger groups o f children in some o f
the surrounding villages where there is no other Christian work. T h e average
w eekly attendance at these little Sunday schools fo r the past year has been 113
per Sunday, o r a total attendance fo r the year o f about 5,000 children. This
w ork gives the students training in doing Christian work, and gives them a
greater interest in it. T hree o f the four students who entered theological
Japan
schools from Chinzei Gakuin this year were members o f my Bible class and
teachers in these Sunday schools.
T he outlook fo r the future is very hopeful as the general interest in Chris
tianity is grow in g; especially has this been noticeable during the last two years.
E d u ca tio n a l In stitu tio n
Chinzei Gakuin— President, F. N . Scott. The name means Southwestern
Educational Institution. The school was opened in 1881. A w idow sent $2 to.
begin with, and fo r a long time it was called Cobleigh Gakko in her honor. In
the early days it was most difficult to keep the school going, and once it was on
the point o f closing, but was saved fo r a better fate. F or many years there were
two departments, a H igh (M iddle) School, and a H igher (C ollege) Department.
It is located in somewhat cramped quarters on the fine hill overlooking N agasaki
harbor, one o f the finest in the world. In the Spring o f 1908 the school was
granted governm ent recognition and from that time success was assured. The
limit has been increased from 400 to 450, and now the great problem is to know
what to do with all the applications fo r admission. T he old chapel is totally
inadequate, and even the large class rooms o f the new building are taxed to the
utmost. This, in spite o f the fact that the tuition has been raised twice. The
school is almost two thirds self-supporting, which is very unusual fo r Japan.
On the same hill is located the Dutch R eform ed School. There has been
considerable talk o f union, and it is hoped that a plan fo r federation can be
w orked out, whereby the two churches can unite in educational work, and at the
same time let each be responsible fo r its own dorm itory and religious work. Our
school is at present badly in need o f three buildin gs: Chapel and Science class
room s; dorm itory to house 150 boys or m ore; w aiting room and bad weather
athletics class sheds.
Chinzei Gakuin has the reputation o f reaching the students religiously as
perhaps no other Mission School in Japan has done. This has been the case
since the very beginning o f the school. A t the end o f the school year nearly half
the student body is usually Christian. From one half to two thirds o f the
graduating classes are Christian. N ot more than one in fifty come from Chris
tian homes.
Fukuoka
Fukuoka (population, 93,000) is in the province of Chikuzen, in the northern
part o f the island o f Kiushiu.
It is rapidly becom ing a great educational center,
being the seat o f one of the Imperial M edical U niversities, and the third Imperial
U n iversity called the Kiushiu Imperial U n iversity. Fukuoka is advancing at a great
rate com m ercially, and is a most important city.
It is also of historic interest to
the Christian, fo r the great Shinto shrine here is said to have been erected in memory
o f a Christian Daim yo, or ruler.
M ethodist Episcopal M ission work was begun in 1884.
O ther M ission Boards
at work here are the Church M issionary Society, the Lutherans, the Reform ed Church
o f Am erica, and the Southern Baptists.
M ission aries: R ev. James I. Jones (on furlough) and Mrs. Jones (on furlough),
Earl R. Bull and Mrs. Bull. W . F. M. S . : M iss Lola M. Kidw ell.
In stitu tio n : W . F . M. S . : Anglo-Japanese G irls’ School.
E. R. B u ll , M issionary-in-Charge
T here are tw en ty-four self-supporting Methodist churches in Japan and one
o f these is in Fukuoka. O ur w ork is not only important because o f the G irls’
School which is here, but also because o f three other reasons. Geographically
it has a choice location on the only line o f railroads which runs south through
the center o f Kyushu. T he port o f M oji is forty-five miles away, while Sasebo,
the naval station, is the same distance, each having over 70,000 population. In
this county there are 5,146 persons to the sq. ri. (R i is about two and one half
m iles). In density o f population it ranks first in Kyushu, and seventh in the
Empire. T his county has five cities having over 20,000 population, a fact true
o f no other county in the empire. Com m ercially it is a grow in g city. H akata
and Fukuoka have so grown that they have now become incorporated as one city,
Fukuoka City. Educationally, this new city is the O x fo rd o f Kyushu. There
are located here the Im perial M edical University, the Imperial Engineering U ni
versity, H igher G irls’ Schools, M ining School, Norm al School and others. S tu
dents above common school grade number 4,335. Religiously, it is a great field.
In this section o f Kyushu, there is one Christian to 3,000 persons. W e are now
preaching in three places where there are no other w orkers and the Gospel is
absolutely a new story.
Fine w ork has been done by the Rev. J. Ira Jones in the Sunday schools
o f this section and in the villages especially. W e are follow ing this up and
are now preaching every week, while the assistants are one Bible woman and
one evangelist. M r. and M rs. B ull have classes o f young men at -their home
on Saturday and in addition to this have another class on Sabbath mornings at
the church. W e are conducting meetings where we teach music (the Christian
hymnal is used entirely ) and helping in the wom en’s w ork.
T h e regular Sabbath school pupils number about one hundred. O ne school
has ju st been started, and one has been dropped because it is difficult to reach it.
T he number o f baptisms has not been large during the past year, yet, two
aw ait that rite at this time. T he Christians at the five preaching places (not yet
churches) monthly pay their church subscriptions to the Fukuoka church where
they are members. T his is pioneering w ork'an d results come slowly, but surely.
T h e native evangelist and the Bible women are conducting w ork at five different
points in territory not touched by other Christian w orkers.
Kagoshima
K agoshim a (population, 63,000) is located on Kagoshim a B ay, at the southern
end o f the island o f Kiushiu, the southernmost o f the four main islands o f Japan.
T h is region is said to be the rainiest part of the empire. H istorically K agoshim a is
o f great importance, as it w as the home o f the great Satsum a clan.
N ow it is
a great educational center with tw o middle schools, one high school, and the Imperial
School o f Forestry and A griculture. There are said to be 10,000 students in the city.
Buddhist temples are very scarce because o f the fact that when the Japanese N ap o
leon, H ideyoshi, invaded Satsuma he was finally guided through the alm ost inacces
sible m ountain passes by Buddhist priests, since which time the Satsum a people have
been bitterly opposed to Buddhism.
M ethodist Episcopal mission w ork was begun in 1879. T h e Church M issionary
Society, the Southern Baptists, and the R eform ed Church o f A m erica are at work
here.
M ission ary: W . F. M. S . : Miss L. Alice Finlay.
No report.
Kumamoto
Kum am oto (population, 61,233) is in the province o f H ijo , near the western
coast o f the island o f Kiushiu.
,
M ethodist E piscopal mission work was begun in 1883.
at work here are the Church M issionary
Society, the
E van gelical Lutheran Church
in the South, and the Southern Baptists.
M ission aries: Rev. John C. Davison and Mrs.Davison.
W . F. M. S .: Misses
H ettie Thomas and Caroline Teague.
1914]
Japan
185
South Kyushu District
Last year the Rev. J. C. Davison, D.D., and w ife came back to begin their
forty-first year o f service fo r Japan. There was no doubt what their appoint
ment was to be, fo r though they were away a year, it did not change and some
one was selected to fill the place only temporarily. That place was the superin
tendency o f the South Kyushu District, with their residence fixed at Kumamoto.
N ot only was this unusual honor shown our veteran missionary, but when dele
gates were elected to the last General Conference o f the Japan Methodist
Church, he was elected at the head o f the delegation, receiving more votes than
any o f his Japanese brethren. T here is no more careful and painstaking admin
istrator in the church than he, and his district always reports all assessments
paid in full. This year is no exception. In addition, the churches at Kumamoto
and Omuta have been practically rebuilt, and a fund fo r the Kagoshim a Church
is in hand. Had it not been for the great Sakurajim a eruption and earthquake,
Kagoshim a would have attained self-support before this. In some o f the smaller
places where the people are almost unreachable, he is trying the plan o f secur
ing kindergarten teachers and opening schools. The little children are leading
the way into the Buddhist homes and the prejudiced hearts o f the people. T here
is no harder gospel soil in the world than is to be found in these villages, yet
untouched by the great onrushing current o f the w orld’s life. Though our oldest
missionary, he is not adverse to the newest methods if only the gospel can be
preached and souls won.
Naha
Naha (population, 4 7 ,0 0 0 ) is the principal city o f Okinawa, one o f the islands
o f the Liuchiu g ro'jp, and is half wav between Kiushiu and Form osa.
.Methodist E piscopal m ission w ork was begun in 1 8 9 ^.
M ission aries: Rev. H enry B. Schw artz (on furlough)
furlough).
and Mrs. Schw artz
(on
Liuchiu Islands District
T he w ork on these islands bears a closer relation to our society than that in
any other part o f Japan, fo r by special arrangement with the Methodist Church
o f Japan, it is dircctly under the control o f the W est Japan Mission and its
workers are supported by grants made by the mission and not from the subsidy
given to the Japanese Church, though, o f coursc, its congregations and all its
w orkers are connected with that church.
Last spring, the Rev. H . Kihara, who fo r the past ten years had been in
charge o f w ork among the Japanese in Korea, was appointed pastor o f N aha
and superintendent o f the district. Rev. H. K im ura was appointed pastor o f thechurch in Shuri. T h e addition o f these two strong men has been felt in every
part o f the w ork and we have had a year o f revival and growth in every direction.
E arly in the year, a revival in the Yentanzan Circuit brought a vital expe
rience to many members o f our church there and led to the ingathering which
still continues. Revivals in the Presbyterian w ork nearby have greatly influenced
our Shuri Church and prepared fo r the special w ork which is under w ay as this
report is written.
O ur hardest field is Naha, for in this church Japanese and Liuchiuans meet
and special w ork for 011c class has always been done at the expense o f the other.
Mr. K ihara has given a great deal o f study to the situation and in O ctober began
9. daily sunrise prayer meeting which was continued fo r three weeks. A week o f
special revival meetings follow ed in which all the pastors in the district assisted.
T hese meetings were thoroughly advertised and good congregations were gath
ered. In all n o conversions are reported.
Conditions in Liuchiu are everywhere ripe fo r successful evangelistic work,
and it would seem to be wise to push our w ork h6re, even at the expense o f
other less promising fields, while this door o f opportunity stands open.
Naha, population 53,000, principal city o f Okinawa, the largest city o f the
fifty-three islands composing the Liuchiu group, is connected with Shuri, the old
capital o f the form er kingdom o f Liuchiu, population 26,000, by an electric line
three miles long, and the two places practically form one rapidly grow in g city.
T he m issionary’s home is the village o f Asato, about h alf w ay from the center
o f the two cities. The combined city is the center fo r higher education in the
prefecture, and here are located a governm ent high school fo r boys, another for
girls, a normal school, a commercial high school, and several technical schools,
which have a combined enrollment o f ^bout 2,000 students drawn from ever}
part o f the prefecture.
M ethodist w ork was begun in 1892. T he Baptist Mission and Church M is
sionary Society began w ork in the same year, but the latter w ithdrew about eight
years ago. In 1912, the Nihon K irisutokyokw ai (the Presbyterian Church of
Japan) began w ork. There are, however, no foreign missionaries except those
o f our church, and no white inhabitants except our missionary fam ily.
Europe
187
EUROPE
T he work o f the M ethodist Episcopal Church in Europe falls
into three principal areas: ( 1 ) that am ong the German and Scandi
navian peoples; (2 ) that in Roman Catholic countries; and (3) that
in Greek Catholic countries.
T h e Methodist Episcopal work in Germany grew out of the work
am ong German people in the United States.
In 1844 R ev. W illiam
Nast, founder of the German Methodist Church in the United States,
under authorization o f the M issionary Society visited Germany and
inspected conditions with a view to the founding of a mission in
response to a call from Germans who had been touched by the evan
gelical message in this country.
T h e mission was begun by the Rev.
L u d w ig S. Jacoby, who arrived in Bremen in November, 1849.
O'-1*
o f this have grown the North and South Germany Conferences, and
the Conferences in Switzerland and A ustria-H ungary.
T h e work was begun in Sweden by R ev. J. P. Larsson in 1853.
T h e work in N orw ay was begun by O la f D. Petersen in 1853, and
in Denm ark by R ev. C. W illerup in 1857.
T h e work in Italy was begun by R ev. Leroy M. Vernon in 1872.
T h e work in France was begun by workers appointed by
B ishop1
B urt from Switzerland, 1907; Rev. Ernest W . Bysshe, superintendent,
assuming charge o f the work in 1908.
T h e work in Bulgaria was begun in 1857, and in Finland by
local preachers
from
Sweden
in
1853.
The
work
in Russia
begun at Saint Petersburg by R ev. George A . Simons in 1907.
was
188
[1914
1
Eu r o p e
S U R V E Y O F M E T H O D IS M IN E U R O P E
B is h o p J o h n
L.
N
uelsen
Work in Ten Countries
T he European Parish o f'th e Methodist Episcopal Church covers w ork under
the flags o f three empires, five kingdoms, and two republics. It is widely
diversified on account o f the racial, religious, social, and political conditions*of
each o f the several countries.
Methodist Connectionalism and the European Situation
T he M ethodist Episcopal Church is the only Protestant denomination in
Europe that maintains Christian w ork in the various countries under one organi
zation, thus prom oting the spirit o f unity and Christian brotherhood among
nations that have waged many a w ar against one another, that have been trained
to regard each other as enemies, and that are nearly crushed under immense
and grow in g burdens o f militarism. U nder present political conditions an
A m erican Church is the only church that can carry on w ork in the various
European countries, whether they belong to the T riple A lliance or the Triple
Entente, whether they be Slav or Teuton or Latin, without being looked upon
w ith suspicion lest under the cloak o f religion ulterior political purposes be
hidden. T he un ifyin g influence resulting from the presence o f a strong, connectional, international organization that proclaims the Gospel o f the Prince
o f Peace and stands on the platform o f the Fatherhood o f God and the B rother
hood o f Man through Jesus Christ is a factor in our European w ork that is
potent with far-reaching promises. T he value o f our centralized, international
connection was clearly recognized by the leaders o f the W orld Sunday School
Convention held at Zurich in July, 1913. It was freely acknowledged that w ith
out the help o f the M ethodist organization the Sunday school forces o f Europe
could not have been united; the w ork o f the Commission could not have been
done; the Convention w ould have been a failure as far as Continental Europe
' is concerned. T hus European Methodism is beginning to make itself felt not
only as a religious denomination in the various countries in which it is estab
lished, but it begins to discern and to interpret its mission in a \yider sphere.
N O TE S ON EU R O PE
B is h o p N
uelsen,
Z u r ic h
Dr. Taylor’s and Bishop Wilson’s Visit
S e c r e t a ^ S. E arl T a y lo r’s visit in Europe was o f incalculable value to our
w ork. Q uickly and firmly he grasped the situation in the various countries. H e
gave to our leaders a new vision by bringing to them the w orld view ; his advice
regarding general policies, and also regarding property problems by its clearness
and force compelled attention and elicited appreciation; his public addresses were
highly valued, and his associations with the men established the most sympathetic
relations. I looked forw ard with great anticipation to the coming o f Bishop
W ilson. Several meetings o f our European leaders had been arranged for,
and we expected a very definite advance as a result therefrom .
1914]
Europe
But all this was before the war. Only a few months have passed. It seems
so many years. Some of the plans, which Dr. T aylor outlined, have to be
deferred, or appear now beyond the reach o f possibility. Bishop W ilson had to
return to A m erica soon after his official visitation in Sweden and N orw ay.
H ow ever, when the war shall have come to an end and we attempt to recon
struct our work, we shall need the m asterful and far-seeing statesmanship that
characterized Bishop W ilson’s and Dr. T ay lo r’s conferences with the men in
Europe.
The Free Church Problem
T he present situation is a testing time for the Free Churches. W e must
bear in mind that in all countries o f Continental Europe the State Church system
prevails, that Free Churches are com paratively weak, both num erically and
financially. T he great problem now is, whether the Free Churches are strong
enough to endure the tremendous financial strain. The difficulty is greatest in
those countries where the local self-support has been largest; it is less in coun
tries where the w ork is supported mostfy b\- missionary appropriations from
abroad. Hence our w ork in N orw ay, Sweden, Denmark, Switzerland, and G er
many faces a more serious financial situation than our work in Italy, France,
Russia, A ustria-H ungary, Bulgaria.
Religious Opportunities
It would be a mistake to imagine that our w ork is paralyzed. T he difficult
problems, especially the financial problems, are great, but there are also great
opportunities which, if seized, may give more effectiveness and greater influence
to our work.
T he spiritual life in our churches, according to all reports that come to me,
is deepening. A great change has come over the peoples o f Europe. T he stern
realities o f life, the losses and sufferings, the sorrows and disappointments, have
turned the hearts o f a great many people toward the things that abide. Heart
sick because material things on which they set their trust have been valueless
or have vanished altogether, they begin to long fo r the things spiritual. Our
services everywhere are well attended, not only hv our own members, but by
outsiders. Special services have been arranged for in many places. O ur pastors
and our people are m aking good use o f the opportunities thus presented for
definite evangelistic and spiritual work.
T o sound the spiritual note clearly and convincingly is o f paramount impor
tance in order to overcom e the feelings o f bitterness and rancor that in these
times o f political passions and o f reports as well as evidences o f terrible and
cruel w arfare so easily take possession o f minds o f men, and also in order to
counteract the dangers arising from the shattering o f the very foundations o f
faith in the minds o f many thinking people in view o f the terrible and bitter
struggle between the two Protestant and missionary nations o f Europe. Some
very searching questions are being asked today. W e need prophets o f God to
answer them. On the whole, I am convinced that conditions are favorable for
a genuine revival o f vital religion.
Relief Work
A nother great opportunitj' that presents itself to our people is that o f doing
w orks o f m ercy and help. T h is service is being rendered cheerfully and
[1914
unstintedly. Pastors, lay members, societies, individually and collectively, are
trj’ing their very best to make themselves useful. M any o f our preachers have
volunteered to work in the hospitals; our deaconesses and other young women
are doing Red Cross work. M any o f our buildings have been placed at the
disposal o f the governm ent fo r hospital purposes. In various ways, as much as
possible in connection with the official agencies, the M ethodists o f each country
are doing conspicuous and effective w ork to allay the sufferings and to heal the
wounds. T h is is the day o f intense patriotism. A s fa r as I can learn all o f
our members are absolutely loyal to their respective governments, follow ing
their convictions and the dictates o f their consciences. H ow I wish that all o f
our men who are called to the arms w ere used in that branch o f the service that
tries to heal the wounds, rather than in one that inflicts the wounds. It is heart
breaking to think that brethren belonging to our own church fam ily should be
compelled to march against one another.
Special Needs
A s to the existing needs and spheres o f organized help my correspondence
and observation leads me to distinguish four classes, all o f which should receive
due consideration.
s
(1 ) Individual Need. W e have individual members o f our church who are
in distressing circumstances. T hey are to be found especially in the large cities
and the industrial sections. In the belligerent countries we have also some cases
o f fam ilies who have been deprived o f their bread winners. Up to the present
time only a few o f our churches have suffered on account o f being located in
the actual theater o f war. O f these are W irballen and K ow no in Russia, T ilsit
in Prussia, and K olm ar in Alsace. None o f our French or A ustro-H ungarian
churches are located in the present w ar zone. W ith the continuation o f hostilities
the number o f our members becom ing financially embarrassed and needing aid
w ill increase. W e ought to show them that the Church which they supported
and fo r which they sacrificed in times o f prosperity renders them substantial
aid when calamity has visited them.
(2) T he Needs o f Churches. It will be increasingly difficult fo r the local
churches to meet their financial obligations. T here w ill be a slump in receipts
fo r pastors' salaries, fo r benevolences, fo r running expenses, payment o f hall
rent, and interest on debts. W hile in some sections it is not so evident as yet, it
is bound to come. O ur people are heroic givers. But there is a limit. This
limit has been reached in some churches, sooner or later it will be reached in
other places.
(3) Special P roperty Interests. D uring the last few years a number o f
large buildings and equipment schemes have been launched. Pledges and gifts
have been made fo r property and buildings in Rome, Grenoble, Budapest,
Petrograd. Schools, hospitals, and churches have been built or are in course o f
erection at different places, the cost o f which has not been fu lly provided for.
In other places the amount paid for rent was capitalized and buildings were
erected. T h ey meet our needs, but they are burdensome on account o f the heavy
indebtedness. O ur property interests in many places will become embarrassed to
such an extent that disaster is impending.
T h ere is outside o f our own Methodist field the large arm y o f those who
suffer dire need— the refugees, the homeless, the widows, the orphans, the sick,
the destitute. State governm ents and private organizations are doing effective
Europe
191
w ork. The Methodist folk cannot afford to limit their generosity to their own
people. W e have a larger mission and must prove our mission by our deeds.
Tlius there is not only ample opportunity, but urgent need fo r rendering
definite, effective service in the interest o f the church and o f humanity.
B u lg a ria
T he Annual Conference, which was to be held on September 9, was post
poned indefinitely.
T he people here are constantly living in a state of uncertainty. T he masses
are hoping and praying that they will not be drawn into this maelstrom o f a
European war.
I am glad that to the dark background of cruel war, deprivations, earth
quakes, pestilence, and slaughter o f the immediate part 1 can add a bright spot
o f revival such as Bulgaria has not experienced in the past in any mission. Our
church membership in Sofia has increased to 109, and others are joinin g every
Sundajr.
S can d in avia
In Denmark, N orw ay, and Sweden, the three Scandinavian countries,
the mobilization imposes heavy burdens upon the people. Sea trade has been
made difficult and has been greatl}r reduced, many factories have been closed,
prices have gone up. Reports from all our D istrict Superintendents are in my
h an d s; they all agree that while at the present time there is 110 cause fo r alarm,
the future developments are looked forw ard to with grave apprehensions. The
universal hope is that these countries may not become involved in the war. The
churches are pushing the regular work and are making special efforts to bring
the Gospel to the hearts o f the people. L arge crowds attend our services. W ork
on pastor Bast’s new church building at Copenhagen has been resumed. T he
proposed hospital and Deaconess H om e at A zarhus was not begun owing to
the difficulty o f raising the necessary funds. The theological schools in each
o f the three countries have entered upon the year’s work. About twenty o f our
Swedish ministers w ere called out when the mobilization orders were issued.
Some o f them were discharged. Our new hospital at Bergen, N orw ay, is finan
cially embarrassed. It is a substantial building, splendidly located, that was
purchased and remodeled in the summer o f 1913. Under normal conditions it
would have been possible to raise the necessary funds and carry the enterprise
without taking any chances. T he visit o f Bishop W ilson to those Conferences
was a great blessing to the men and the work.
S w itze rla n d
Sw itzerland is the play ground of Europe, but this year when the season
had but fairly opened the tourist crowd dispersed. During the month o f Sep
tember there registered in Zurich hotels only 9,787 visitors, over against more
than 29,000 during the same month last year. In Basel the record is about 6,500
over against 31,000 last year. This means a tremendous loss fo r this little
country, which has to spend nearly $275,000 a day fo r mobilization and m ilitary
purposes. O ur services are well attended. O ur pastors being exempt from
m ilitary service there is no interruption o f the church work.
192
Italy
In Italy the w ork is kept up in a normal way. T h e crowds o f Italian laborers
that pour into N orthern Italy from the other continental countries, most of
them without any resources, have swelled the arm y o f the unemployed.
Austria-Hungary
D r. M elle and Brother Glaeser are with the army. T h ey are not at the front
but are in garrison towns drilling recruits. A petition was sent in by the Vienna
congregation asking fo r the release o f D r. Melle. A ll our charges are supplied,
some o f them by students from F ran kfurt. In Vienna our meetings are well
attended. One o f the State Church men has several times preached in our hall
in the absence o f our preacher. T here are twenty wounded soldiers in our
Deaconess H om e at Vienna. T h e Deaconess Society and the local church share
the expenses o f providing fo r them. S ix deaconesses have gone to the front
to take care o f the wounded. T he prayer meeting room has also been placed at
the disposal o f the wounded soldiers.
In Southern H u ngary our w ork is hindered by m ilitary law. N o evening
meetings are allowed. Freedom to travel is limited, hence our preachers find it
difficult to visit all the appointments on their circuits. Several o f our members
at Budapest have been wounded in battle. T h e Y o u n g W om en’s Hostel, which
was commenced a year ago, had to be closed temporarily. T he Y o u n g M en’s
H ostel is well patronized.
Russia
Superintendent Simons inform s me by w ire that all are safe and well, that
our properties are in good order, and that he is helping the wounded. H e
urgently requests the assistance o f Am erican friends. 1 visited the westernmost
station o f our Russian Mission, W irballen, the seat o f last year’s Conference. It
is near the German frontier. Both the Russian and the German frontier towns
are in ruins. In W irballen a few houses are still standing. So is our little
chapel. O nly one window is broken by a bullet. I picked up the bullet and have
it with me. O f our members I found only one fam ily and a widowed lady.
Besides them there are about half a dozen inhabitants in the town. A ll others
have fled. T h e pastor escaped to Germany and is now at Koenigsberg. T he
house in which he lived is burned to the ground and he has lost everything.
O ur congregation at Kow no is also scattered,. all civilians receiving orders to
leave the fortified area. Several o f our members are with the army. T he two
Russian students who attended our Theological School at F ra n kfu rt are still
there, not being allowed to leave town.
Germany
German Methodism mourns the death in battle o f D r. Friedrich Roerch,
her most prom ising scholar, well known and respected by German scholars and
government officials.
The D istrict Superintendents have acted promptly and effectively. B y call
ing into service the theological students as w ell as the retired ministers, and by
combining some circuits they have thus far been able to supply all our churches.
T h ey report good services. T h e new building o f the Theological School was
equipped with 100 beds and placed at the disposal o f the Government. It is now
1914J
Europe
i 93
filled with wounded soldiers. So are our hospitals at F rankfurt, Berlin, H am
burg, Nuernberg. Besides many o f our deaconesses are near the front in the
field hospitals. The churches and districts are organized fo r relief work. Many
o f our members in the industrial sections are without work. T he absence in w ar
o f more than 3,000 able bodied bread-winning men out o f a membership o f not
quite 29,000 means a great loss.
F ra n ce
A t the beginning of the w ar the clericals endeavored to cast suspicion upon
our work as being connected with an international espionage society. Rumors
were afloat that our halls had been demolished and our preachers threatened.
Brother Chatelain was actually arrested for a short time. H ow ever, the excite
ment soon subsided and now our regular Sunday services are maintained. O ur
preachers dc5 their utmost to serve their country by taking part in Red Cross
and relief work. O ur places o f worship have been placed at the disposal o f the
Government. T he Students’ H ostel at Grenoble has opened its doors and
extends accommodations to the usual number o f young ladies. A s soon as
possible we ought to provide fo r the Orphan Home. Superintendent Bysshe, who
went to Am erica on a well earned furlough, hurried back and now gives himself
unstintedly to the work.
194
N o r t h G e r m a n y Co n f e r e n c e
T h e w ork o f the M ethodist Episcopal Church w as begun in Germ any by the
Rev. Lud w ig S. Jacoby, who arrived in Bremen N ovem ber 7, 1849. T h e first annual
m eeting o f the Germ any M ission was held in Brem en in M arch, 1852.
In 1856
the Germ any M ission Conference was organized, w hich soon became the Germ any
and Sw itzerland Conference.
In 1872 this in turn becam e the Germ any A nnual
Conference, and included the w ork of the M ethodist Episcopal Church in Sw itzer
land and France.
T h e churches in Sw itzerland and France were separated from
this Conference in 1886. In June, 1893, the Germ any Conference was divided, the
North Germ any C onference being one o f the resultant divisions.
Th ere are now
four districts— Berlin, Bremen, Dresden, and Leipzig.
C. H.
B
u rkh ard t,
Treasurer
O ur Conference was delighted with the visit o f Dr. S. E arl T aylor, C orre
sponding Secretary o f the Board o f Foreign Missions. H is addresses and
reports o f the various mission fields o f our Church and o f the w ork o f our
Board have been an inspiration to us in our w ork in Germany.
T he N orth Germ any Conference is divided into four districts, eighty-five
circuits, and 290 stations or churches. Eighty-five ministers serve in the pas
torate. In four hundred cities with 10,000 and more inhabitants, and many
thousand towns and villages we have as yet established no mission work, though
in most o f these places the doors are wide open to our missionaries and each
year we advance a little. T his year K olm ar was given a preacher. In eighteen
of the circuits there are no chapels and during the year M. 57,775 was paid out
in rent fo r halls. M. 414,098 was contributed by our congregation during the
year, M. 12,695 more than last year. M ost o f the churches have had revivals and
1,552 persons have joined on probation. O ur membership has incpeased to
14,900, a gain o f 504 over last year. There are seven new Sunday schools with
eighteen teachers and 491 scholars.
O ur Deaconess w ork is grow in g rapidly, and is successfully established in
Berlin, Hamburg, Stettin, Chemnitz, Plauen, Dresden, Leipzig, M agdeburg, and
Halle.
A t Bremen the M ethodist B ook Concern has become an important factor
in the extension o f our evangelistic work. W e publish eight periodicals, nam ely:
1. T he “ E vangelist,” our principal organ, which represents Methodism in
Germany.
2. T he “ K inderfreund,” our organ fo r the children and Sunday school.
3. T he “Friedensglocke,” an evangelistic paper.
4. T he “M issionsbote,” which represents our mission w ork in the world.
5. T he “ Leitstern,” an organ fo r Sunday school w orkers and Epworth
League.
6. T he “ W achterstim m en,” a theological magazine.
7. T he “F reiheit,” a temperance paper.
8. “ Missionsbote für Kinder,” which is intended to interest children in
mission work.
T h e w ar has changed many o f our plans. M any o f our ministers have had
to leave their churches to serve in the arm y— many o f our people have had to
leave their fam ilies, and fo r those who are at home there is no w ork. Espe
cially at this critical time do we need prayers and aid.
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195
S o u t h G e r m a n y Co n f e r e n c e
Th e South Germ any Conference was established as a result o f the division of
the Germany Conference in June, 1893.
T h is Conference was composed o f the
Frankfurt, Karlsruhe, and Stuttgart D istricts.
In 1898 the H eilbronn D istrict was
frilled .
No report.
S w it z e r l a n d Co n f e r e n c e
Th e work o f the M ethodist Episcopal Church was begun in Sw itzerland by two
preac^hjers o f the German Conference in 1856.
T w o years later the w ork was
organized into a presiding elder’s district, continuing as part o f the Germ any and
Sw itzerland M ission Conference, and later "o f the Germany A nnual Conference,
until June, 1886, when the Sw itzerland Conference was organized.
R.
E
rn st
G rob,
T reasurer
General Conditions
D uring the period covered by this annual report the work o f the Sw itzer
land Conference has not changed. Despite hindrances the w ork has grown.
Membership
A t the last Conference, held at W aedenswil, the follow ing statistical report
was g iv e n : Pastors on trial, 7 ; Pastors in full connection, 57: Local preachers,
22; Exhorters, 126; Preaching places, 262; Probationers, 855 (decrease, 33) ;
Members in full connection, 9,476 (increase, 140).
Taken all together we seem to have maintained last year’s position. W e
are not satisfied with this result, but as there is a season fo r sowing and a
season fo r reaping we trust that next year we may be able to report a larger
numerical gain. W e are not having great revivals, but on all charges numbers
have been converted. A s a rule our people take active part in the public
services and are w illingly cooperating with the pastor in all his work. Besides
probationers and members we have a number o f adherents wrho fo r certain
reasons do not wish to join our church, but who w illingly support our work.
T h e Swiss people are, as a rule, conservative, and do not like to move from one
church to another.
W e have endeavored to reach all parts o f our w ork by systematic training
o f our people, and special stress has been laid upon the classes fo r probationers,
where they get full knowledge o f their rights and duties in the church.
Sunday Schools
The total number o f scholars is 23,138. T here are 262 Sabbath schools and
1,385 officers and teachers. A ll Sunday schools are regularly organized. T he
above figures include, with a few exceptions, only children up to the age o f
twelve. O lder scholars are obliged to attend the religious instruction in the
state Church. R ealizing the value o f training up children in the precepts o f
the W ord, we liaAê made special effort to bring them into the church.
196
[19H
The Epworth League
T he Epw orth League is a potent force in developing the spiritual life o f
our young people. T he young men and women in the League help in the evan
gelistic w ork and take an a ctiv ^ p a rt in the extension o f Christ’s kingdom by
m anifesting the power o f the cross in the daily life. W e have to-day 268
chapters and 7,173 members.
Book Concern
O ur Publishing H ouse is a factor in the propagation o f good literature. It
issues all our periodicals, n am e ly : D er Evangelist, appearing w eekly in an
edition o f 7,420 co p ies; D er K inderfreund, appearing w eekly in an edition o f
10,940 co p ies; Die Friedensglocke, appearing twice a month in an edition of
26,320 copies; D er Missionsbote, appearing once a month in an edition o f 6,000
copies. T he net profit amounts to 42,835 francs. G radually our B ook Concern
is fo rgin g ahead in equipment and output.
Church Property
T h e value o f the entire church property amounts to F r. 6,037,219, a net
increase o f F r. 559,100. Good substantial chapels have been built during the
year at Landquart, Aarau, and V evey. A t the latter places we have been able
to acquire centrally located properties on which we have erected splendid build
ings.
Finances
T h e difficulty o f raising funds to carry on our constantly increasing w ork
is so great that the finances o f our Conference seem to constitute the supreme
problem o f the hour. Because o f this we must resist as much as possible the
pressure 'w hich is every day compelling us to undertake w ork fo r which we
have no money in sight.
Self-support
T he offerings have m aterially increased the past year, the total fo r minis
terial support being Fr. 104,418, and fo r the benevolent collections F r. 370,367,
which, with the increase fo r current expenses, shows a net financial gain of
F r . 14, 034.
T h e question o f self-support has our full consideration. F o r many years
we have w orked tow ard the achievem ent o f this aim. W e can readily see that
self-support indicates greater spiritual power, gives temporal freedom, and
enlarges the sphere o f self-governm ent. A n d I may add that we were on the
w ay o f realizing our dream when the European w ar broke out and has greatly
complicated our efforts. I fear the whole question w ill have to be postponed for
years.
A u s t r ia -H u n g a r y M is s io n Co n f e r e n c e
T h e A u stria-H u n gary M ission Conference includes the w ork o f the M ethodist
Episcopal Church in that dual monarchy.
T h is w ork was started as part o f the
N orth Germ any Conference, rose to the dign ity of a d istrict in that Conference in
1908, and M ay 4, 19 11, was organized as the A ustria-H un gary M ission Conference.
F. H. O. M elle , Superintendent
NO.
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D e n m a r k Co n f e r e n c e
T h e Denm ark M ission w as commenced by the Rev. C. W illerup, a Dane, who
had been preaching in N orw ay, and was sent from there to Denm ark in 1857. The
Denm ark M ission was first denominated a M ission Conference in the D iscipline of
1900. In 1911 it became an An n ual Conference.
COPENHAGEN
A
nton
B
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D IS T R IC T
Superintendent
,
Sw e d e n Co n f e r e n c e
Th e work of the M ethodist Episcopal Church was begun in Sweden by J. P.
Larsson, who was converted in N ew Y ork city, and returned to Sweden in 1853.
T h e follow in g year the M issionary Society o f the M ethodist Episcopal Church made
an appropriation toward his support.
T h e M ission was organized as an A nnual
C onference in Augu st, 1876. There are now four districts, the N ovoa, the Soddra,
the Vastra, and the Ostra.
J. M.
E
r ik s o n
,
Superintendent
N o r w a y Co n f e r e n c e
Th e work o f the M ethodist Episcopal Church was begun in N orw ay by the
Rev. O la f P. Petersen, who was converted in N ew Y ork city, and returned to his
native land, arrivin g in Fredrikstad in December, 1853. In A ugust, 1876. the N or
w ay Mission was organized as a Conference. Th ere are now three districts, Bergen,
K ristiania, and Trondhjem .
No report.
I t a l y Co n f e r e n c e
Th e Italy Conference includes the churches o f the Methodist Episcopal Church
in Italy, and the churches for Italians in Switzerland.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1871. T h e first annual meeting
o f the Italy M ission w as held in September, 1874. In March, 1881, the Ita ly Con
ference was organized.
IT A L Y
AND
THE
FUTURE
B. M.
T
OF EUROPE
ip p l e
Italy, like all the countries o f Europe, is greatly stricken by the w ar. M any
o f her industries are sorely crippled, large numbers o f her men are under arms,
and from six hundred thousand to a million refugees are back within her borders
w ithout money, work, or homes. It is manifest, however, that the cruel hard
ships, the frig h tfu l loss o f life on the northern and eastern battlefields, the
colossal conflagration that seems in this hour to threaten all human boundaries.
198
[1914
have turned the minds o f many toward things spiritual and particularly toward
some A lm ighty Pow er that can aid, guide, com fort, when all earthly helpers
fail.
A s I w rite these words, the papers are announcing the death o f Bruno
Garibaldi, together with many o f his Italian comrades, on the blood-soaked
fields o f France. Bruno was one o f our Collegio boys. T he spirit o f his
renowned grandfather was in him. Physically strong, full o f the most ardent
patriotism, quick to resent a wrong, equally quick to forgive, big, generoushearted, heroic lad, he is gone !
W hat w ill the new year bring to Italy? W ho can say? T h e country is in
a serious mind. R eligiously speaking, many are groping blindly, in reality
seeking fo r that living Saviour from whom so long they have been separated
by artificial barriers.
To-m orrow there w ill be a new Europe. A nd what an opportunity in the
reconstruction o f that new Europe there will be fo r M ethodism ! W h at w ill be
the religious influence o f western E urçpe on Russia in the n ext hundred years?
A n d then again, what w ill be the influence o f Russia on Japan and China?
T hese are b ig questions. W e cannot think o f winning A fr ic a and India and the
F a r E ast w ithout the help o f Europe. A nd is this Europe, this m ighty Europe,
whose industries, whose commercial life, whose thought w ill be so closely
associated w ith all these countries named, directly the w ar stops— is this Europe
to be a cynical Europe, skeptical, impatient of the very name Christian? It
is not an im aginary peril. D aily there are ominous lines in the newspapers o f
Europe. Christianity must give a new and great proof in Europe o f her right
to survive and be trusted by the forces o f democracy.
In 1870 there came a new Italy. W h at a century o f history led up to that
immortal event! W h at a half century o f history follow ed it! A n d from
present indications what a h alf century is yet to fo llo w ! She is not a decadent
race. H er birth-rate steadily increases, her average o f crime and illiteracy
steadily lowers. H er K in g is one o f the broadest visioned men o f this century,
her national leaders among the most sagacious and determined o f any race,
her people hard w orking and thrifty. Yesterday she raised her flag on the
northern coast o f A frica , to-day she disembarks her bersaglieri on the eastern
shores o f the A driatic. Statesmen, poets, editors, professors, musicians, in
ventors give her entré to every people that exact intelligence and progress of
whatever sort. She w ill not be denied. She will speak with ever-increasing
weight to Europe and particularly to the Balkan Europe and to the M editer
ranean Europe. Shall she have no vital religious message to speak? O r shall
Methodism see to it that this w onderful new people shall be refurnished with
salt that has not lost its savor?
Some things we have done in 1914. Signor Ferreri, our M ethodist minister
knighted by the kin g fo r his service among the young men o f the State, has
been appointed a D istrict Superintendent by Bishop Nuelsen, with headquarters
in that strategic city o f Southern Italy, Naples. T h e chapel o f our Italian
Church in Rome has been repaired, the church thoroughly reorganized in all
its branches, and a successful campaign among the young men launched. M iss
V ick ery and M iss Llew ellyn, notw ithstanding w ar times, have instituted new
courses and greatly strengthened old ones at Crandon H all. T h e y are planning
still more substantial innovations this coming year. In the death o f M aestro
Sgambati, which oççurrçd in December, Crandon H all lost her great musical
IT A L Y
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Italy
199
head and Italy her most renowned master. L ’Evangelista has installed a Sunday
School ^Department, a Y o u n g M en’s Page, and an ably edited w eekly review o f
world-wide Christian happenings. Thanks to the superb faith o f our Secretaries
in N ew Y o r k and the heroic faithfulness o f some o f our lay friends, the Collcgio has held fast to its great property on Monte M ario, even in these months
o f extraordinary financial depression. T he B oys’ Industrial Institute at Venice
has been reorganized. T here are now three main co u rses: wood-carving, shoemaking, and printing. H ere is a Christian institution that takes up poor boys,
puts them in a wholesome home atmosphere, instructs them in the elementary
branches, teaches them a useful trade, and turns them out w ith character and
a chance to live honestly and do something in the world. T his Industrial School
deserves the warmest support o f Christian friends in the States. It is capable
o f much larger development. T here should be a similar school in V enice fo r
girls.
T here is not space fo r me to speak at length o f other places, but the follow
ing words have ju st come to me fo r Udine, our northernmost station on the line
to A ustrian T rie st:
“ Dr. L ala is ju st the man fo r the church at Udine. W ith the splendid
sermons which he has been preaching fo r two months past, he has aroused
the interest o f the entire population, and the church is nearly always crowded
to its full capacity. T here is no doubt that a revival is taking place there.
Several have already desired admission into the church, and others are about to
seek admission. A ll these we shall be able to call brethren before very long.”
One o f our most form idable difficulties arises from the fact that only in one
or two instances have we been able to show Protestantism in anything like its
proper force and dignity. T he greatest thing ever done fo r Italian Protestantism
happened when Bishop Burt bought the ground and erected our commanding
headquarters on the Quirinal H ill in Rome. E ver since that building went up,
modern Romans have had more respect fo r Martin Luther and M artin Luther’ s
follow ers. T hat impression w as still further strengthened when our women
established Crandon Hall, an institution that in its equipment and scope would
do credit to any land. W hen w e have carried out our plans and built that
magnificent modern Collegio fo r young men on Monte Mario, the Reform ation
w ill take a decided grip on this Peninsula. Better late than n e v e r!
W e did not have a chance in Naples until we put the Methodist sign on that
five-story structure that covers a modest sized city block. W e shall never
advance as we are capable o f advancing in Genoa and other large centers o f
northern and central Italy until Protestantism in those localities has something
substantial in brick and mortar. Courageous planning, infinite patience, insistent
faith, and— victory!
A fte r the tremendous upheaval that culminated in Italy in 1870, Bishop Burt
made statesmanlike plans fo r seizing the opportunities of that hour. H e has
recently w ritten : “T w en ty years ago I said: ‘Give me a million dollars and I
w ill take Rom e.’ Many, o f course, thought m y statement was m erely the
extravagance o f an enthusiast. N ow I know that I was speaking the truth. W e
could have done with a million dollars then what we could not accomplish with
four times that amount to-day.”
A gain a still larger Italy is in the making and a rare thing has happened—
we are given a second chan ce!
200
D IS T R IB U T IO N O F M E T H O D IS T F O R C E S IN I T A L Y
N. W a l l in g C l a r k
O ur w ork in Italy covers a territory which extends from the A lps on the
north to the southernmost coast o f Sicily. T he church at Udine is close to the
Austrian frontier in the Tyrolese Alps, while the congregation at Scicli, one o f
the largest in the Conference, is within six hours by steamer from the northern
coast o f A frica . T his church in Sicily was visited by Bishop John L. Nuelsen
in November, 1914, as well as several others in central and southern Italy, and
all o f the congregations were greatly encouraged by his presence and counsel.
Districts and Pastoral Charges
There are fifty-three pastoral charges and a total o f ninety-six preaching
places in various parts o f Italy and Switzerland. A t the Conference in Venice
in May, 1914, Bishop Nuelsen divided the w ork into four districts, named from
the cities o f Naples, Rome, Florence, and Milan.
Milan D istrict includes Lom bardy, Piedmont, and the Italian w ork in
Switzerland. It has seventeen charges, among them being those in Turin,
Lausanne, Geneva, and Zurich, as well as the two churches in Milan. T he
Superintendent is the Rev. V itto rio Bani.
T he Florence D istrict embraces the central part o f the country and includes
the w ork in Genoa, Bologna, Pisa, and Florence, with a total o f fourteen
pastoral charges under the direction o f Superintendent A . W . Greenmail.
T h e Rome District, o f which D r. B. M. Tipple is now the Superintendent,
has five stations, Venice and Udine in northeastern Italy being connected with
Rome.
Rev. C. M. F erreri, Superintendent o f Naples District, has seventeen charges
under his supervision, all being in Southern Italy or Sicily.
Results in Evangelism
M any observers o f mission fields are accustomed to measure spiritual
results by the increase in the number o f members and probationers reported in
the statistical tables. W hile we believe that this is often a very misleading
criterion, particularly in mission fields, yet much reason fo r encouragement may
be drawn from a study o f the statistical reports presented to the Italy C o n fer
ence during the last few years.
T h e recent Superintendent o f the Rome District, in his report to the Con
ference held at V en ice last May, made the follow ing statem ent: “D uring the
last ten years, from 1904 to 1914, there has been a steady increase in the mem
bership o f this district, which includes nineteen pastoral charges. T here has not
been a single year without an increase o f the church members in full connection.
T he M ethodist Y e a r Book fo r 1914 gives the increase in all the European Con
ferences fo r the past year, and this data shows that the Italy Conference had
an increase o f eleven per cent in its total membership, the next highest Con
ference reporting an increase o f four per cent.” It cannot, how ever, be too
often emphasized that the vital influence o f Methodism in Italy and in all parts
o f Europe is wider in extent and deeper in power than any statistical table can
indicate. T h e sources o f religious feeling and conviction in Italy are being
Italy
20i
steadily permeated and purified and renewed by the evangelization o f the people,
in which the M ethodist Episcopal Church is the most active force.
The Educational Work
T his is located in Rome and Venice. In the latter city is the B oys’ Industrial
Institute established years ago by the late Mrs. Rose Hammond, an English
lady, and Rev. S. Beruatto, who passed aw ay last July. M ore than a thousand
boys have been trained in this school, where, in addition to a common school
education, the pupils are taught trades so that they may become self-supporting
after leaving the Institute. Rev. U go Bazoli was appointed in M ajr the director
o f this work.
Last summer while in England the w riter succeeded in form ing a “ London
A d viso ry Committee” for this school, composed o f the follow in g gentlem en:
Rev. H. W . W ebb-Peploe, Prebendary o f Saint P aul’s Cathedral; H enry M.
Gpoch, General Secretary o f the W o rld ’s Evangelical A llian ce; A lbert A . £tead,
Esq., Chairman o f the K esw ick C onvention; F. A . Bevan, Esq., President o f
B arclay & Company’s B a n k ; J. F. W . Deacon, Esq., President o f the W illiam sD eacon’s Bank. A t the same time friends in England contributed the equivalent
o f more than $1,500 fo r this work.
The Schools in Rome
Rome is the chief center o f our educational ‘ propaganda. In addition to
the two schools fo r girls o f the W om an’s Foreign M issionary Society, the M eth
odist College fo r Boys is there located, at present on the upper floors o f the
mission building, but soon to be transferred we hope to the conspicuous site
recently purchased by D r. Tipple just northwest of the city limits. T he Reeder
T heological School, o f which more than half of the members o f the Italy Con
ference are graduates, continues its w ork for the education o f our young
ministers.
Publications
No department o f the Mission is more effective in communicating the
evangelical truth to the masses o f Italy than the Publication House in Rome, o f
which Rev. Vincenzo N itti is the head. H e also edits the “ Evangelista,” which
has now become the most w idely circulated Protestant w eekly in the Italian
language. Books and tracts are sold in all parts o f the peninsula and many
conversions can be directly traced to the reading o f these publications.
Revision of the Italian Bible
T he commission appointed by the British and Foreign Bible Society fo r a
complete revision o f the translation o f the Scriptures in the Italian language
has nearly completed its w ork upon the N ew Testament. T he representatives
o f the M ethodist Episcopal Church in this revision are Rev. N . W allin g Clark
and Rev. A lfre d o Taglialatela.
Visit of Dr. S. Earl Taylor
T he Conference in Venice appreciated greatly the presence at several o f
its sessions o f D r. S. E arl T aylor, Corresponding Secretary o f the Board o f
Foreign Missions. H e made a study o f the religious problems that confront us
in Italy and gave helpful suggestions and advice. H e was particularly impressed
202
with the urgent need o f providing adequate church accommodations fo r our
grow in g congregations in several o f the larger cities, and he cordially approved
the plans o f Bishop Nuelsen to meet this emergency. W ith attractive audience
rooms in suitable and central locations, there is bound to be a much larger and
more sympathetic hearing fo r the Gospel, with every promise o f such a spiritual
ingathering as has never yet been seen in Italy.
R O M E D IS T R IC T
Th e Rome D istrict includes the M ethodist mission w ork in the central part of
Ita ly and all the w ork in the northern part except that in Lom bardy and Piedmont.
Rome
M ethodist Episcopal m ission w ork was begun in 1871, when the R ev. Leroy M.
Vernon, the first superintendent o f the mission, arrived.
Other M ission Boards at
w ork here are the E nglish B aptist M issionary Society, the “ Deaconess Institution
at K aiserw erth,” the London S ociety for Prom oting C hristian ity A m on g the Jews,
the Southern B aptist Convention, and the W esleyan M ethodist M issionary Society.
M issionaries: R ev. W a llin g C lark and Mrs. Clark, R ev. Bertrand M. T ipp le and
M rs. Tipple. W . F. M. S .: M isses E dith Burt (on furlou gh), M ary B. Sweet, and
E dith T . Sw ift.
In stitu tio n s: M ethodist College, Publishin g House.
W . F. M. S . : Crandon
Institute, G irls’ H om e School, Isabel Nursery.
A . W* G reen m a n , Superintendent
T his terrible w ar has the uppermost place in everyone’s thought and care,
and unconsciously everything is shaping itself more or less to the conditions
created by it. Nevertheless our w ork in nearljr all parts o f the field continues
to hold its own. M any o f our young men have been called to the colors, while
the increasing scarcity o f employment is affecting the resources o f many o f our
families, all o f which reacts upon our Church finances. M any are already
requiring aid and if Italy should go into w ar multitudes will require assistance.
T here seems, however, to be a deepening seriousness in the thoughts o f the
people, and the general impression is that the Gospel message w ill have a readier
entrance as the people begin to face the great crises o f life.
T he return o f Italians from other lands has brought back some who having
learned o f Christ elsewhere are now begging us to help preach H im in their
own home towns. H ow we are to accomplish it, however, on the reduced appro
priations remains to be se e n ; and these calls are coming to us now from many
parts o f the country.
W e were specially favored this past year with a visit from D r. S. E arl
T aylor, who gave particular attention to our important property enterprises
and went over with us at Conference time very carefu lly and thoroughly the
greater problems o f our w ork. Bishop Nuelsen during the first two weeks
o f Novem ber visited and preached to a number o f the principal congregations,
going as far south as Sicily, to the com fort and encouragement o f our people,
particularly so in these anxious days.
Florence
Pastor F rizziero, in charge o f our important w ork at this center, is to move
back into the parsonage situated above our church. T his w ill allow him to
make his own home the center o f church influence and activity, and we are
1914]
Italy
203
anticipating an advance in our interests both there and at Pistoia, which is
under his care. T h e sudden death o f Rev. Augusto Pierotti, our pastor at
Pisa, in July, deprived us of a faith fu l man, whose ministerial life had been
spent in Pisa, where, first with the Italian Free Church and then with our own
Church, he has been pastor fo r twenty years. T h e reorganized Carruthers
School, many o f whose students attended our Church services, is a monument
to his executive ability.
Bologna
Bologna, which is probably the largest and strongest congregation o f the
district, prospers in all the different departments under the faith ful direction
o f the pastor, Rev. A lberto Bursttini. Plans are under w ay for the organization
o f social w ork in connection with the church.
Bishop N uelsen’s visit to Bologna, Florence, and P isa was a great blessing
to the w ork and greatly heartened the pastors and congregations.
Genoa
Genoa, with its utterly inadequate Hall, is the most serious problem in
this district and the rapid growth o f the city is making it every year increasingly
difficult fo r us to acquire any site on which to build. Pastor Spini is doing
everything in his power to hold our w ork together in the cit}r during this crucial
period; meanwhile, however, he is developing all he can the w ork in nearby
towns, and especially at Ruta, w here the congregation has provided and fu r
nished a very nice H all at its own expense.
Savona
A t Savona there is also urgent need of better accommodation before
Pastor Signorelli can hope to achieve ,any marked advance. T he esteem in
which his w ork is held can be judged by the fact that the Christmas R elief
Committee, o f which his w ife is the chairman, collects and distributes annually
two hundred dollars in money and supplies, which come largely from people
outside our church.
The F arli Circuit now comprises all our congregations, with the exception
o f Bologna, from Modena to Rimini, and as organized is probably the largest
w ork of that kind in the Mission. T he field is particularly difficult owing to
the socialistic and revolutionary influences in that part o f the country, but
Pastor Lenzi has taken up his w ork with great earnestness and we are hoping
fo r the best results.
S estri P o n e n ti
A t Sestri Ponenti, Dr. Clark, my predecessor, was able to rent a com
modious hall in the center o f the city and at a relatively low rental. W ith this,
the congregation, under Pastor Contino’s direction, has taken on new life ; the
meetings are crowded. T here is an evening class for young men, which has
reached an enrollment o f one hundred and fifty. T he death o f the Rev. Serafino
Beruatto, an honored superannuate who was living here, has removed one o f
the best known o f our ministers. Even in retirement he was active in service.
H e was the strong right hand o f Mrs. Rose Hammond, the foundress o f the
Venice Institute, and fo r seventeen years conducted that institution under her
direction.
204
[1914
N A P L E S D I S T R IC T
T h e N aples D istrict includes the
including the island o f Sicily. T h is
o f Italy. T h is district was organized
A d ria tic and M editerranean D istricts
work south o f the T urin and Rome D istricts,
district comprises about one third o f the area
by the settin g off o f the southern part o f the
a t the Conference session of M ay, 1908.
Naples
N aples is the c h ief seaport o f Italy.
It is situated on the west coast, about
150 miles from Rome.
M issionaries: R ev. A lm on W . Greenman and Mrs. Greenman.
C arlo
M.
F
e r r e r i,
Superintendent
This district can be divided into five groups, differing each from the others
in the nature o f the territorj', in the character o f the population, and in political
and economic conditions.
First Group
This comprises the churches north o f Naples, Ancona (w ith the places
visited from it, Pesaro, Senigallia, Recanati, Cagli, S. Benedetto del T ro n to ),
Perugia, T erni (w ith the places visited from it, Pisciano, Todi, A rro n e).
Ancona Circuit is large and rich. W e have in it a flock which, though scattered,
is numerous and w ill one day be able to give life to several churches. T here
has been much sowing. T here begins now the gathering in o f the harvest.
Perugia is a student center, an artistic center. It is exceedingly difficult to
carry on there an aggressive w ork. But we have property in the very heart
o f the city and we must persevere. A t T erni we have a faithful congregation
which counts more than forty-five years o f life. It bears witness with faith fu l
ness and is prosperous. A t Pesciano, nestled away in the mountains, we have
some thirty faith fu l brethren.
Second Group
H ere we are to the northeast o f Naples, in the strong and gentle Abruzzi.
Methodism is strong in A ltino, Pirano, and Palombaro. A t A ltino they are
dem onstrating their enthusiasm in a g ratifyin g manner by collecting the money
necessary to put in order a new place o f worship o f which we are soon to take
possession. T he priest laughs, ridicules, threatens, but the brethren stand fast.
A tessa has seen many o f her sons depart, having gone to Am erica, w here they
bear faith ful witness. O ld Forge, Pa., gives hospitality to many o f them. But
those who have remained here set themselves at once to build up the new
church.
In the A bruzzi the em igration destroys the churches, but those who return
from A m erica converted, give their thought to building up new churches and
congregations.
Third Group
In this group w e are really at the South. W e have here the Naples Church,
w ith a large circuit, which takes in Pietrastornina, S. A g a ta dei Goti, Castellone al Volturno, Caserta, Pizzone, V illaricca, and the church o f A lbanella in
the Province o f Salerno.
A t Naples, w here tw elve years ago alm ost nothing existed, to-day we have
igi4]
Italy
205
a flourishing w ork. The Church is strong, the Sunday school well attended.
Neapolitan Protestantism is finally identified by all with Methodism. T here are
still many germs o f life and they w ill bring forth fruit. A t Albanella, in our
pretty little church, gathers w eekly a delightful rural congregation. T h e priest
said one day, “ W e w ill one day bring in the swine to eat in the church o f the
Protestants.” A s their only reply and in proof o f the vitality o f the church, the
brethren have beautified their place o f worship, and are conducting in it an
aggressive campaign o f evangelization.
Fourth Group
W e go tow ard the extrem e south. T he church o f Bari must face the needs
o f a city that is grow ing and becoming m odern; at M ottola we have a zealous
congregation which would face the stake even for a simple question o f biblical
interpretation; at Spinazzola our brethren are well w orthy o f the respect in
which they are held by all the population. T hey wish now to make their church
the first in importance in the Puglie. A nd they will succeed, fo r they are full
c f energy. From this center is visited Minervino M urge, where every Saturday
our place o f worship is full o f interested listeners.
Still further south we have Catanzaro, S: Pietro M agiano, and Vincolise.
H e who has the possibility o f seeing these brethren may say that he has
encountered Methodists o f the olden time. T here is not only the name M eth
odist. T here is also the spirit. T he church at Reggio Calabria, although it
lives in most unfavorable conditions, is strong, is growing, and is at the head
o f the evangelical movement in the city. From this center are visited Brancaleone, Bruzzano, Ferruzzano, Caraffa d’Andria, an important circuit, but
fatiguing fo r him who must travel it. H ere as in the province o f Catanzaro it
is the emigrants who return from A m erica who give us the greatest ground
fo r hope. W hen southern Italy shall all be converted to the Gospel, the Italian
ministers o f Italy and of the United States will be able to say that they have
labored together fo r the obtaining o f the triumph.
Fifth Group
A nd here we come to the land o f fire, to Sicily. T here is only the church
o f Taorm ina and that o f Scicli. But this church alone would suffice to ju s tify
our presence in Sicily. H ave you read something about the primitive Christians?
Go to S c ic li; there you will find the simplicity, the faith, the enthusiasm o f those
glorious early C h ristian s! Alas, you will find there also much material m isery !
But it seems that the spirit o f sacrifice increases in proportion to the poverty.
T he first Sabbath in October, 1914, this congregation o f poor country people
who earn from thirty to fo rty cents a day, collected tw enty-six dollars fo r the
M issionary collection and twenty dollars more fo r local expenses. These
brethren remain away in the fields from M onday to Saturday and only Saturday
evening return to their homes in the village, but before they go to their homes
they go to the church to pray for the service o f the Sabbath. A nd not less
than a hundred brethren are always present. A fte r every service in procession
they accompany the pastor to his home, singing on the w ay sacred hymns. In
the Roman Catholic holidays they go to cultivate a little field which has been
rented by the congregation, and which is to serve in the form ation o f a capital
for self-support.
206
M IL A N
[1914
D IS T R IC T
The ecclesiastical year closing has been a difficult one fo r our district. But
three things have helped to lighten our t a s k : the efforts o f my colleagues to
advance the w ork o f the Lord, the evident blessing of God, in the faithful and
courageous w ork o f the ministers and their cordial sympathy.
Milan. Pastor Naldi, o f the Corso Garibaldi Church, has w orked diligently
and has received ten brothers into full relation and others on probation. Some
o f the young men have founded a “ Savonarola Club,’' with the object o f bring
ing their companions to the church. T he finances are improving. The Porta
V enezia congregation has had a trying year. T he inadequate and unsightty
hall, the hope o f a new church entertained for five years but unrealized, the
verj' site acquired a rubbish heap, the sarcastic remarks o f the Catholics and
friends, all this has resulted in driving away some and disturbing the faith
o f others, so that Pastor Severi has worked under very great difficulties. In
connection with this church there is a thriving temperance society.
P avia is, fo r economical reasons, without a pastor, and S. Toliero, o f our
church at Milan, holds the services. T his young man, without any remuneration,
spends the only free day a week' he has with this church, preaching and holding
the Sunday school. T here have been two conversions.
A t A lessandria the church is always full o f attentive listeners. D uring
the year four brethren left fo r other countries, but eleven have been admitted
in full relation and fifteen on trial. T he Sunday school has increased to fortyfive and nearly all are children o f Catholics. Bassignana is one o f our largest
country churches, having about 200 members. But there are no roses without
thorns. In Calosso, Pastor Rapicavoli has been elected a member o f the
municipal council. H is circuit comprises Canelli, S. Stefano, Montegrosse, and
Montaldo. H ere we have besides a small congregation, a good D ay School, a
fine Sunday school o f about eighty pupils, and a nice class o f young women
under the care o f the teacher, M iss G. Schiavi.
In T urin we have had a fine congregation, though somewhat difficult to
handle on account o f local circumstances, but it promises a splendid fu tu r e ; they
constantly advance.
Italian Churches in Switzerland
N ow a few w ords about our w ork among the Italians in Switzerland.
T h e moral and financial conditions o f that part o f our w ork have greatly
improved. T he National Church has finally recognized the success o f our w ork
and is helping to support Pastors Aum m enti and M uggelesi, who are preaching
in two large districts w here there are many Italian workmen, and they are
cordially helping us all in our w ork.
Sondrio is the church o f the martyrs. Q ur few brethren, about fifty in
number, scattered through this hostile district, are yet persecuted by the priests
as in the form er most tryin g times. T o accept Christ here means to lose one’s
bread, because everything is in the hands o f the priests, and one exposes one
self to the most brutal hostility. A ll that enter our church are noted by the
spies and are denounced to the parish priest. In this manner were driven
aw ay two fam ilies o f men in governm ent positions. O ur brethren are refused
any employment whatever and so are obliged to emigrate. One o f the brethren
who had just built a house fo r him self had it destroyed during the night by
,207
Italy
1914]
fanatics instigated by the parish priest.. T he Vatellina still belongs to the
mediaeval period.
Our churches in Lausanne, Geneva, V evey, and Zurich are making progress
numerically as well as financially. T he congregation of Neuchâtel continues
small, but in compensation there are two good Sunday schools, that o f Neuchâtel
and o f Pesseux. In general all o f our ten Sunday schools in Sw itzerland are
well attended and full o f activity. Our preachers in Sw itzerland visit in all
about thirty villages.
F r a n c e M is s io n Co n f e r e n c e
Th e Fran ce M ission Conference occupies that section o f France lyin g between the
Rhone R iver, the Mediterranean, and Italy. Th e centers of M ethodism in this region
are M arseille, Lyon, Toulon, Grenoble, Chambery, Trévou x, and A lb ertville, the first
tw o o f which rank n ext to Paris among the cities o f France as to population.
France was approved as a mission field of the M ethodist Episcopal Church by
the General M issionary Com mittee in N ovem ber, 1906. In the follow in g M ay Bishop
B urt appointed workers to begin mission work in the region, and in July, 1908,
the organization of the mission was perfected at Lyon.
G ren o ble
Grenoble (population, 75,000) is a beautiful city in the A lp s
university whose courses attract more foreign students than any
versity outside o f Paris, averaging over 1,000 a year. T h e large
students come from Roman Catholic Europe.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in the fa ll of
M issionaries: Rev. Ern est W . Bysshe and Mrs. Bysshe.
In stitution : W . F. M. S .: W om en Students’ Hostel.
E
rn est
W.
B
yssh e
,
and the seat o f a
other French uni
m ajority o f these
1907.
Superintendent
R u s s ia M is s io n
Russia M ission includes all the w ork o f the M ethodist Episcopal Church in the
Russian Empire, except the Finnish and Swedish work in Finland. R ussia proper is
larger than all the rest of Europe, having a territory 6,000 miles from east to west
and 2,500 miles from north to south, with a cosmopolitan population o f 173.059.900,
among whom there are 113,355,000 R ussian s; 18,345,000 T urks and T a rtars;
10.730.000 P o le s ; 7,788,000 U gro-F in n s. including K arelains and E sth o n ia n s ;
6,/5o,ooo Jew s; 4,153,000 Lithuanians and L e tts; 2,770,000 Germanic, including
S w ed es; 1,904,000 C artw elian s; 1,558,000 Caucasian tribes; 1,588,000 A rm en ians;
692.000 M on golians; and 3,461,000 o f other nationalities, of whom there are more
than tw enty-five in number. R eligiously R ussia’s 173 m illions are grouped approxi
m ately as fo llo w s: Greek Orthodox (P ravoslavyn ) 120,970,000; Mohammedans,
18,742,000; Roman Catholics, 15,420,000; Protestants, 8,324,000; Jews, 6,750,000.
Other Christians 1,661,000; other non-Christians 865,000.
A m on g these various
peoples there are perhaps fu lly 150,000,000 who have ye t to hear their first Gospel
sermon.
P e tro g ra d
Petrograd (population 1,908,000) is the capital o f Russia.
T h e holding o f
regular m eetings under the auspices o f the M ethodist Episcopal Church was begun
in 1907.
M ission ary: R ev. George A. Simons.
G eorge A . S im o n s , Superintendent
208
F in l a n d Co n f e r e n c e
T h e Finland Conference includes all the work o f the M ethodist Episcopal Church
for Finnish-speaking and Sw edish-speaking people in the Grand D uch y o f Finland.
T h e population is 3,140,100, o f whom eigh ty-six per cent are Finns, thirteen per
cent Swedes, and the rem aining one per cent largely Russians.
T h e established
religion is Lutheran. In 1891 the M ethodist Episcopal Church was legally established
in Finland, the M ethodist Discipline being recognized in Finnish law.
Th e mission w ork in F in land w as begun in 1866 by two young sailors, W ilhelm
and G ustaf Barnlund, who had been converted in N ew Y ork, joined the M ethodist
Episcopal Church there, and later returned to Kristinestad, their native city in
Finland. T h e work thus begun was carried forward by local preachers from Sweden,
principally through the heroic w ork o f K . J. Lindborg, who established M ethodist
societies in various places. T h e w ork was under the Sw eden Conference from 1883
to 1892, when the Finland and Saint Petersburg M ission was organized. T h is became
the Finland and Saint Petersburg M ission Conference in 1904, and was divided in
19 11, the F in land Conference and the R ussia Mission being formed therefrom.
G
eorge
A.
S
im o n s ,
Superintendent
B u l g a r i a M is s io n Co n f e r e n c e
T h e B ulgaria M ission Conference includes the principality o f Bulgaria, north
o f the Balkan M ountains, and other contiguous countries of the Balkan Peninsula
lyin g north and w est o f this section. Thus far the M ethodist Church has confined
its efforts to B ulgaria north o f the Balkans.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1857. T h e first annual mission
m eeting was held in A pril, 1876. T h e B ulgaria Mission Conference was organized
in 1892.
T h e Am erican Board
(Congregation al) is the only other m ission board
h avin g w ork w ithin the bounds o f this Conference.
Lovatz
L o vatz (L o ve tch ) is situated on the Osm a River, a tributary of the Danube,
about h alfw ay between the northern and southern boundaries of Bulgaria.
M ission aries: W . F. M. S .: M isses K a te E . Blackburn and D ora D avis.
In stitu tion : W . F. M. S . : G irls’ School.
Sofia
Sofia is the capital o f Bulgaria.
M ission aries: R ev. Elm er E . Count and Mrs. Count.
E l m er E . C o u n t , Superintendent
‘
A year o f foreboding stress, anxiety and unrest has marked 1914 in the
Balkan peninsula. It was the anticipated afterm ath o f disastrous wars and tjie
unsatisfactory arrangem ent o f the Bucharest treaty. T hat treaty, the culmina
tion o f the w ar o f the A llies in the Balkans, forced B ulgaria to surrender a large
part o f the vantage ground that was hers at the close o f the w ar with Turkey,
and left her a shattered house in the midst o f hostile nations. Since the date o f
the treaty a spirit o f discouragement and depression has been upon the nation.
She had been completely surrounded by the four nations that bound her at the
fo u r cardinal points o f the compass. T he situation gave to her enemies special
advantage in traducing and m aligning her while she was deprived o f a hearing.
T he Carnegie Commission appointed to investigate the charge o f atrocities
has largely exonerated her and placed the blame fo r inhumanity where it
rightfully belongs, but still the people feel that the impressions created by unjust
slander cannot be erased by reports that seldom reach the believing ears o f those
NO. 21)
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Bulgaria
209
poisoned by them. So, suffering as only the falsely accused can suffer, the
people o f Bulgaria have learned with poignancy o f a bitter experience that w ars
do not pay. T oday this most progressive people o f the Balkans have a horror
o f war. It is this fact as much as any that has helped them up to the present
w riting to keep out o f the disastrous debacle that is staining the countries o f
Europe with innocent blood.
A ll this has had effect on Mission w ork in Bulgaria. The Bulgarian looks
about him and learns who his friends have been. Not Servia with the religion
Greek Catholic; not Roumania with the same state religion; nor was it Greece
o f the same religious faith. W ith these was the little kingdom o f Montenegro,
again a Greek Catholic country. Turkey, the last to be named by her enemies,
was the only one not having a religious belief the same as the others. M oham
medanism is not G reek Catholic, but it is likewise not Evangelical Christianity.
These facts have stood out clear to the Bulgarian mind. So great was the im
pression, that serious men began to talk o f swinging the whole country over to
Protestantism . Some o f us missionaries held our breath in fear that the attempt
might be made to carry the purpose out. W e believe that evangelical teaching
should be received because o f sincere conviction and not by any act o f P arlia
ment. W hile all the other countries o f the Balkans are barred against the
preaching o f the Gospel by evangelical lips, Bulgaria stands in bright contrast
to all o f them by her tolerant spirit and her receptive attitude.
W hile the intolerance o f her enemies and the harm she has suffered from
those o f the G reek Catholic faith figures on the negative side o f the question,
on the positive side figures strongly the helpfulness and sympathy received from
nations o f evangelical persuasion. D uring the last year much help has come to
her from A m erica and England. From A m erica it was through the National
Red Cross Association. L arge sections o f Bulgaria and Macedonia were left
completely desolate because o f the late war. Refugees to the number o f 200,000
fled into Bulgaria fo r protection. A t the. close o f the war they were still on
the hands o f the B ulgarian nation. T he effort was made to reestablish them in
their form er homes. Funds were sent from Am erica and England and used for
that purpose. T he A m erican friends requested that an American Committee
be form ed to receive and disburse the funds. The writer, as superintendent o f
the Methodist Church Mission, was made treasurer o f that fund. Though it was
not directly evangelistic work, it was decidedly Christian and entailed a large
additional amount o f w ork upon him. E very facility was given by the govern
ment to carry on the work.
M issionaries have long felt that sufficient emphasis upon the need o f win
ning the Balkan peninsula fo r Christ has not been made by the missionary move
ment o f the last fifty years. Other lands have overshadowed the w ork done in
the Balkan states. W h at pen and speech have failed to do, the Balkan wars have
in a measure done. T hey have put the Balkan states into the lim elight in the
w orld’s thought and have forced on the attention o f Christian nations the need
o f creating a Christian conscience in their midst.
The religious problems o f the Balkans are intimately related to the great
Mohammedan problem. A ll through the Balkan states and especially in Bulgaria,
are a large number o f Mohammedans. There are numerous villages entirely com
posed o f T u rk*. It is the desire o f the Christian church that they be won to
the.king 4 om o f G od. T heir idea of Christianity has been gained from what they
have saen o f thg ¡only Christian church all about them. T his is natural. T he
210
[1914
church about them claims to be the only true “ O rthodox Christian Church.”
T h is church is similar to the Roman Catholic Church. It worships the V irg in
M ary and the saints. T he Mohammedan believes this to be the rankest idolatry.
Surrounded as he is by this type o f Christianity it is nearly an impossibility to
make an impression upon him. He w ill have nothing o f an idolatrous religion.
It matters but little to tell him that what he sees is a spurious type o f Christian
ity. T he superior weight o f the evidence o f large numbers counterweighs the
statements o f the interested evangelical. Christianity to him is as he sees it.
H e asks fo r no other evidences and spurns every attempt to illuminate him on
the subject. T o win, therefore, the Mohammedan, it becomes first necessary to
win the G reek Catholic Christian. N ot until he is forced to see the true type o f
Christianity and finds him self surrounded by it w ill he be able to form a correct
idea o f what the M aster wished in H is believing disciples.
T he establishment o f evangelical Christianity in the Balkans is the w ay to
eliminate the traditional race hatreds that have endured there fo r scores o f
years. They^ have been the fru itfu l source o f many a Balkan war. A n d Balkan
wars are so related to the peace o f Europe that it is with difficulty that the peace
o f the w orld is not disturbed when trouble is brewing in those states. T o destroy
this traditional hatred would eliminate a factor that prevents the races from
am algam ating and form ing one o f the strongest races o f the world. Remnants
o f almost all the ancient civilizations that have shaped history are there to-day.
T he ancient Grecian civilization is represented by Greece, the Roman by
Roumania, the Macedonian empire by M acedonia; and Bulgaria and Servia too,
have had their golden age as important powers. I could also add Byzantine, if
it be understood a modification o f the ancient Grecian. T o cause these to coal
esce into one confederated whole and intermingle and cause one organic whole
would be to bring together the virile strength o f these ancient civilizations. The
G reek Catholic Church and Mohammedanism have completely failed to do this.
E vangelical Christianity has it within her powers.
Fortunately the strategic point fo r the winning o f this peninsula fo r Christ
has been well chosen. Bulgaria is the field and she is situated directly in the
center with all the other states surrounding her. H er light is already streaming
over into other kingdoms though as yet it is not permitted to preach the Gospel
openly in any o f tfie others.
T he year ju st closed has been the most remarkable one in the history o f
Missions in Bulgaria. In February a revival broke out in our church in Sofia
which in some respects was one o f the most encouraging the w riter has ever seen.
A young man arose and stated that he had learned in A m erica a very good
recipe fo r bringing a revival and that was to pray with the whole soul, the prayer
“L ord send a revival and begin with me.” H e said it was meant for each member
o f the church to pray that prayer. T h ey immediately acted on his advice, prayed
the prayer and drafted the young man into service as the leader o f the series o f
meetings. Soon the altar w as filled nightly with seekers. Christians gathered
about them and “prayed them through.” A t the height o f our success, Satan
interfered. A n adverse movement deprived us o f our hall. W e sought else
where but could find no suitable place. W e concluded to try to build a simple
one story building that would house the people. N o matter how simple, plans
must be submitted to the proper authorities fo r ratification. T his was done, but
delays w ere so numerous before the plans w ere returned that when we had
received them we had outgrown the capacity o f the plans. W e were embarrassed
23°
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42
Places w here M issionaries
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Bulgaria
211
by our success. W e hired an old theater in the city. T his was large and com
modious. It was soon crowded with interested hearers. Sunday night a fter
Sunday night there has been barely standing room. People by the hundred have
been turned away. O ur membership in Sofia has quadrupled in a year’s time.
This young preacher from Sofia was sent down to V a rn a on the Black Sea fo r a
two weeks’ series o f meetings. T he same results w ere seen there. A letter
lately received from the pastor o f the city states that they are having there a
veritable Pentecost. O ur commodious church there w ill not hold the crowds.
N othing like this religious movement has ever been seen in Varna, nor anywhere
else in Bulgaria outside o f the revival in our Sofia church. So enthusiastic
have our people in V arn a become because o f these encouraging signs that they
have raised 5,000 francs ($1,000) fo r enlarging the building, claiming that they
need one that w ill hold a thousand people.
T h e pastor o f our Sofia church, catching the spirit o f the revival fire, went
about on his district conducting special meetings, fo r he is a D istrict Superin
tendent as w ell as pastor. H e reported successful meetings everywhere, but
specially notable was the effect in Lovetch, where our school, under the W om an's
Foreign M issionary Society, is situated. T he meetings there resulted in many
conversions in the town, and practically the whole student body. O ur mission
aries there sent us most enthusiastic and gratefu l reports.
O f many interesting incidents I w ill cite only one which stands out in an
unusual manner. A n old man, known as the best H ebrew scholar in Sofia,
came frequently to my home to argue with our young preacher, who him self
w as a converted Jew, trying to persuade him to return to the faith o f his fathers.
T he young preacher persisted that he had never left the faith o f his fathers but
had simply accepted the Messiah promised to his race, and thus fulfilled the
conditions which made him the true Jew. Finally the old man rather w istfully
said that he \yished he could believe in that way. Q uick to seize the opportunity,
the young preacher urged him to accept the Christian faith fo r just tw enty-four
hours. H e agreed to do this, but as point a fter point was brought to his notice,
always the things that are the greatest stumbling blocks to the H ebrew mind,
he vigorously declared that he could not believe such preposterous tales. “ Only
tw enty-four hours,” the young preacher would remind him, time after tim e ;
and so the battle was won, point by point, and the old man agreed to accept all
the cardinal doctrines o f the Christian faith, ‘‘ fo r only tw enty-four hours.”
“ Then,” said the young preacher, “there is one thing more which you must do.
Y o u must kneel down and pray to this Jesus, the Messiah whom you have
accepted, and ask him to fo rgive your sins through the blood which he shed
fo r you.” T h e old man was horrified and declared that he would never do such
a ridiculous thing. On being again reminded that it was fo r only ‘ tw enty-four
hours” he knelt beside the young preacher, who earnestly besought God fo r the
salvation o f this soul and that light m ight come to him. Then the old man
prayed and, rising to his feet, declared, “ I don’t know wh}- it is, but somehow
I feel lighter here,” placing his hand over his heart. “ 1 am going to test it for
tw enty-four hours.” T he follow ing night he appeared early at the place where
our prayer-m eeting was to be held. It so happened that an Official Board meeting
was in progress and he met some o f the members who talked with him and
answered his many questions. W e had that night one o f our most enthusiastic
testimony meetings, and as one a fte r another began to testify, I noticed the old
man rise time a fte r time from his seat on the very front row, and turn com
212
[1914
pletely around that he might see and hear better. H e slipped out o f the meeting
and a few days later I left the town without seeing him again. Since my
arrival in Am erica, 1 have received a letter from the young H ebrew preacher,.
in which he reminded me o f these incidents and closed by telling me that he did
not see the old man again, and when a few days elapsed he inquired where he
was and learned that after four days’ illness the old man had passed aw ay still
believing in the Messiah, Jesus, whom he had accepted for “ tw enty-four hours.”
H e added that it seemed as if God, knowing the struggle which his friends and
the old teachings would make fo r him, took him home while he still had his
simple childlike faith.
A frica
213
AFRICA
T h e M ethodist Episcopal Church has mission fields in A frica as
follow s: O n the W est Coast, in the Republic of Liberia, in A n g o la and
adjacent territories, and in the M adeira Islands.
in Portuguese East A frica.
and Southern Congo.
O n the East Coast,
In Central A frica, in Southern Rhodesia
In N orth A frica, in A lg e ria and Tunisia.
T h e first mission of the M ethodist Episcopal Church in A frica
was Liberia, begun by the R ev. M elville B. Cox, M arch, 1833.
It is
now an A nnual Conference.
T h e w ork in Portuguese East A frica was begun in Inhambane in
1884 by the Rev. Erw in H . Richards, who was received as a mission
ary and appointed by Bishop W illiam Taylor, Christmas E ve,
1890.
T h is work was enlarged by Bishop Joseph C. H artzell in 1897, and
later made a part of the E a st Central A frica Mission Conference.
The
work
in
Southern
Hartzell, December, 1897.
Rhodesia
was
commenced
by
Bishop
T h e R ev. M orris W . Ehnes and wife were
the first missionaries and arrived October,
1898.
T he work is in
cluded in the E ast Central A frica Mission Conference.
T h e mission in A n g o la was begun by Bishop W illiam T aylo r in
1885, and was known as the Congo Mission and included work on the
E a st Coast.
Hartzell.
In June, 1897, the Mission was organized by Bishop
In 1900 the General Conference divided the Congo Mission
into the W est Central A frica and the East Central A frica Mission
Conferences.
Bishop H artzell held the first session of the former at
Quiongoa, A n gola, M ay, 1902.
T he M ission in A lg e ria and Tunisia w'as begun by Bishop H artzell
in
1908, and in
1909 the work was organized into the A m erican
M ission of N orth A frica .
In 1913, by order of the General Conference,
Bishop H artzell organized the work into the North A frica Mission
Conference.
These several fields are under five national flags, namely, Liberia,
Portugal, Belgium, France, and Great Britain.
214
L i b e r i a Co n f e r e n c e
The Liberia A n n ual C onference includes the republic o f Liberia on the west
coast of A frica, between Sierra Leone and the Ivory Coast. It is bounded on the
east and north by French territory, on the w est by British, and on the south by
the A tlan tic Ocean. Its coast line is about 350 miles in length, and is very important
on account o f being nearly parallel to the course taken by the great steamers that
p ly between Europe and South A frica. It has no good harbors, but has several safe
landing places.
Beyond a strip running along the coast from ten to forty miles
in width, there are dense forests which cover about 25,000 out o f the 43,000 square
m iles of the territory of Liberia.
T h e population is made up o f from 12,000 to
15,000 Am erico-Liberians, and about 2,000,000 aborigines.
T h e former dwell prin
cipally in the towns along the coast and the lower parts o f the Saint Paul River.
T h e y are the descendants of Am erican and W est Indian Negroes.
T h is is the oldest foreign mission o f
the M ethodist Episcopal Church.
Th e
first foreign m issionary, M elville B. C ox. arrived in Liberia in March, 1833.
On
January 10, 1834, the ‘‘Liberia Annual C onference” was organized.
T h is was a
self-constituted body w ithout legal status.
T h e General Conference of 1836 gave
lega lity to the “ Liberia Annual C onference,” m aking it a M ission Conference, which
later became an Annual Conference.
D e C o u rse y M ission
M ission aries: R ev. W illiam M. M cLaurin and Mrs. M cLaurin.
G a rra w a y
Garraway is a little town on the coast about thirty miles northwest o f Cape
Palm as
T h is town is first mentioned among the appointments o f the Liberia Conference
in 1879.
M ission aries: M isses V io le t M. Gendrou and A n n a E . H all (on furlough).
H a rp er
H arper is a town situated on Cape Palm as w hich juts out into the A tlan tic
O cean near the mouth o f the C a v a lly R iver, which marks the boundary between
Liberia and the Ivory Coast. It has a population of about 500 A m erico-Liberians.
M ethodist Episcopal m ission work was begun here about 1849.
Other mission
boards at w ork here are those o f the Protestant Episcopal Church and the Pen te
costal M issionary U nion o f the U n ited States of Am erica.
M ission aries: Rev. W illiam G. A lston and Mrs. A lston.
In stitution : Cape Palm as Sem inary.
J a ck to w n
Jacktow n is situated on the Sinoe R iver, about sixty miles from its mouth.
M ethodist Episcopal mission w ork w a s begun in i 8'37M ission aries: R ev. W alter B. W illiam s and Mrs. W illiam s (at Nanah K ro o),
Mrs. Friedrika S. Robertson, and Mrs. N an cy J. Warner.
In stitu tio n : Sinoe R iver Industrial School.
M o n ro via
M onrovia (population, 5,000), the capital o f Liberia, is situated at the mouth
o f the S ain t Paul R iver.
T h e lower or shoreward section
of
the city is inhabited
by the Kroo and other indigenous tribes, w hile the
upper
is
peopled by A m ericoLiberians, foreign consuls, and traders.
T h e latter part o f the town has broad,
grass-grow n streets, and substantial, w ell-built houses, churches, and office and public
buildings.
at w ork here are those o f the A fr ic a n M ethodist Episcopal Church and the N ational
B aptist Convention.
M issionaries: R ev. Joseph F. B. Colem an and Mrs. Colem an, M iss D iana B.
M cN eil, R ev. John A . Simpson and Mrs. Simpson.
In stitu tion s: C ollege of W est A frica, College o f W est A fr ic a Press.
W is s ik a
W issik a is situated on the w est bank o f the C a va lly River, about sixty miles
from its mouth.
M ission aries: R ev. F rederick A . Price and Mrs. Price.
L I B E R I A and N O R T H A F R I C A
We*t
0°
Longitude
East
from
NO. 1 «
G reen w ich
10c
30
A uidat
Algiers to M arseille
4 17 Naut. Milea
,t
„
to T u n i8 ................ 395
Tunis to Marseille .......... 471
t,
Cavally
Liberia
1914]
215
M O N R O V IA D IS T R IC T
R.
V.
R ic h a r d s ,
Superintendent
T he evangelistic w ork in M onrovia D istrict has been pushed steadily. T he
Gospel M essage is winning its w ay with the non-Christian population, bringing
about great moral and social changes. Three new churches have been erected,
the money being raised by the natives. There have been 275 conversions during
the year— 125 natives and 150 Liberians.
T he statistics o f the district are as fo llo w s : 319 probationers; 1,494 full mem
b e r s ; 8 local preachers; 14 churches; church property, estimated, $55,960; 17
Sunday schools; 173 officers and teachers; 1,163 scholars.
Educational
College o f W est A fr ic a — J. F. B. Coleman, A ctin g President; Enrollment,
356. M any o f the students are natives. T he year was marked by much hard
w ork in the various departments. Miss Diana B. M cN eil was added to the
faculty, and has charge o f sixth grade classes and the M usic Department. The
Stokes Bible T rainin g Department is an important feature o f the work, and is
in charge o f the Rev. Joseph F. B. Coleman, pastor o f First Church, M onrovia,
and a member of the faculty.
C A P E P A L M A S D IS T R IC T
W . G.
A
lston ,
Superintendent-
Last year we reported 800 conversions— this year there were 1,326. T he
B arrakar and W atchaka Missions are growing. M any new members have been
added to the Church. Mt. Tolman church has also had a successful year. The
K roo Town church, Pastor Priddy, in Cape Palmas, has one o f the best choirs
in all A frica . A t Grand Cess is one o f the largest congregations on the W est
Coast, Rev. W . M. M cLaurin, Pastor, with a church membership gain fo r the
year o f 361. Picina Cess and Sasstown have had successful years, and Batu is
holding its own.
T he other day, as I entered the town o f Cavalla, the King, just as soon as
the news reached him that I was in his town, got together his chiefs and came
to the little hut where I was and took me by the hand and said to me, “ H e so
glad you bring you church to me” (T his is the w ay they talk ). “ W e be glad
fo r you church more than for other.” T hey told me if I continued to preach in
this way, I would soon have all going God’s fassir.
O ur Bassa T ow n church just closed a great revival with thirty-one converts.
A s we w ere about to close the meeting one night a young native Bassa boy
came running up to the pulpit crying, “D on’t clo se ! D on’t clo se !” H e was so
anxious to be saved. T he meeting was extended and the young man was saved.
S IN O E D IS T R IC T
. Nanah Kroo Circuit
W
alter
B.
W
il l ia m s ,
Superintendent
There has come to us with especial force these w ords: “ T ru st in the Lord
and do good, so shalt thou dwell in the land.” A ye, even in the Land o f
2IÔ
H in dran ces,'for that there have been many and serious hindrances to the L ord ’s
w ork in and around Nanah K roo in the year just closed must be admitted.
War
Europe is not alone in being devastated by w ar. W h ere our M ission is
stationed every tribe is at war, roads are closed, farm ing at a standstill, blood
shed and savagery rife. One day a woman was shot down in the road, and
another woman that same week brutally murdered by a soldier. In a town
six miles from us a mother and five helpless children were cut to pieces. Nine
young men, g ifts in hand, carrying greetings to a town farther away, w ere slain,
their hands cut off and distributed among the towns in the vicinity. In an attack
on the town o f Soho, in our circuit, nine men were killed, their heads cut off
and held as trophies o f war. In the midst o f the rains another town on our
circuit was burned to the ground. T he women and children who escaped were
left without food and without shelter. Fam ine confronts our people— is now
at their doors— hundreds turn to us fo r food, and our hands are empty.
Witchcraft and Cannibalism
M ost o f the home friends o f this Mission w ill remember the capture o f that
wee W issipo laddie on the main road within sight o f our Mission, the anxious
days he was held captive in the jungle while our hearts were rung over the
m ysterious disappearance— his murder and the eating o f a portion o f his body
by witch people in the town closest to the mission— the gruesome confession,
and terrible execution o f his murderer. It is such evil that constantly confronts
the Gospel o f a pure life through the cleansing blood o f the Lam b and the
indwelling o f the H oly Spirit as we preach it, day by day, to not a few men
and women who have sold themselves, body and soul, to the devil and are pledged
•to oppose the power o f God. P ra y fo r us that our faith falter not.
Burglary
W ith the European W a r and the taking off o f so many steamers, the food
supply has more than once been at a very low ebb. T ow ard the end o f the
year the necessity o f buying rice fo r our mission school boys took us on a ten
hours’ journ ey to the nearest town, Sinoe, fo r there was nothing in Nanah K roo.
T h e news follow ed us tha't tw o thieves had broken into our storehouse, where
still remained a remnant o f tea, sugar, and biscuits, and, vastly more important,
a set o f carpenter’s tools presented to the mission by kind friends in A m erica
and indispensable to our w ork in a part o f the world where the few carpenters
(so-called) have only a hatchet with which to build a house. T h e young man left
in charge was awakened by a dream that night, and driven by the sense o f some
thing w rong he arose and, lantern in hand, began a tour o f the buildings. A s
he neared the storehouse the thieves ran away,, leaving their empty bag beside
the open door. O ur tools and few provisions were le ft to us, but gone is the
sense o f security under which we happily dw elt fo r more than a year among
our heathen neighbors.
Unclean Lives of Traders
Y o u never open a book on missionary w ork but what “the unclean lives
o f traders” is given as one o f the great hindrances. F a r outnumbering the
missionaries here are the w hite traders* many o f them well-born and educated,
1914]
Liberia
217
delightfully courteous in manner, and very kind to us— but living polygamous
lives during their brief stay in the tropics and leaving illegitimate babies behind
them when they sail back 1o civilization and the decency which they put auray
when they left the restraints o f home behind them. T heir lives and their
example make it hard for us to preach clean living to the black man who daily
sees practiced mst the contrary to what we say.
Inconveniences Due to the European War
W e suffer like everyone else. Mail comes about once in two months only.
Provisions are high and very scarce. Mission drafts are accepted under protest
and cashed at a discount, silver being at a premium and paper the reverse.
Quinine ran out and could not be replenished, so A frican fever seized the
chance to lay Mrs. W illiam s on her back. T rivial inconveniences compared to
what thousands are suffering in the stricken war lands, yet hindrances to our
best work here notwithstanding. Through the dark times that we have been shut
in here, at the right time and place God has lifted the curtain and we have
seen Him “prepare a table before us in the presence o f our enemies,” and our
hearts have ju st kept singing!
Growth of the Church Life
O ur spirits were hungry for the conversion of our Kroo people above every
thing else, and God gave us in Christian baptism, 31; and in accessions to church
membership 29. Though our churches are imperfect, yet we have a clean, holy
band o f Christians that, according to the light they have, are loyal and true and
seem to be separated from the world, “hid in Christ in God.”
Sunday School
T he Sunday school has grown from thirty in the beginning to an average
attendance o f 100, divided into regular classes, each teacher a student at the
mission, thoroughly drilled in the lesson facts and truths, able and glad to
teach, and, though only young lads themselves, preserving order and imparting
biblical knowledge excellently well. Eighteen months ago most o f them were
heathen, two were destined for devil doctors. “ W hat hath God w ro u g h t!” we
exclaim in wonder as we see them in their neat garb, with intelligent faces,
follow ing the lesson from their own Bibles in a new language, English.
Four Native Preachers
D uring the year we have been permitted to draw to our side fo u r strong
Christian K roo men, dedicated by choice to the ministry. T hey have separated
from the town life, are building civilized homes in our new7 Christian settle
ment, Bethany, are studying, preaching the W ord, and bringing up their children
in the nurture and admonition o f the Lord. T hey are our hope. Upon them
rests the future o f the Church in Krooland. When wre look into their faces,
we “ thank God and take courage.” T o train these men is in itself worth the
sinking o f our own lives in this dark land.
Church Attendance of Kings and Chiefs
Recently many o f the “big men” o f the various towrns under the influences
o f this mission are beginning to attend our preaching services and to listen to
God’s W ord- Only a few years ago they ridiculed “ God palaver,” beat the native
2l 8
Christians who tried to preach in the towns, and more than once attempted to
kill one o f our most prom ising young men because he persisted in preaching
Jesus Christ. T o d ay these same kings and chiefs are friends o f the mission
and no longer oppose our work.
T hese same heathen rulers have recently made a law which their criers call
through the towns every Saturday: “ Tom orrow be Sunday. No man must make
war. N o man must go to farm. N o man must w ork until M onday come.” Says
one o f our preachers, “W e never see this thing since we be born.”
Industrial Change in the Life of the Young Men
Paul asserts, “I f a m an'w ill not work neither shall he eat.” T he Ivroo man
says, “Y o u think I be a woman to cut cassava farm ?” I wish you could hear
the scorn in his tones as he says it! But today in the section reached by the
mission, the younger K roo men are cutting and planting their own cassava farms.
T he older people curse and deride them, but they answer, “W e see the white
man cut big cassava farm at the mission. W e see our country boys at the
mission cut farm too. T h ey no fit to sleep with hunger. So we follow the
white man’s fashion.” T ruly, the Christian idea o f the dignity o f labor is
replacing the heathen idea o f its degradation.
The Christian Town of Bethany, Liberia
“ Come ye out from among them and be ye separate” must be done literally
in the first few years o f Christian training. It is the exceptionally strong
soul that can stand the deadening, defiling influence o f every-day heathenism.
So this year has seen the grow th o f a Christian settlement, a level stretch o f
the mission land fronting the ocean, inclosed within the limits o f the mission
fence, actually a piece o f bush transform ed into straight roads, substantial
houses whose mud walls are taken right out o f the numerous white ant hills,
and neat little farm s o f cassava, edoes, sweet corn, potatoes, and other vegetables.
T he town is named Bethany, for here our Saviour will again be a welcome
guest, with every man a L azarus and every woman a M ary-M artha to minister
unto Him.
It is a clean town, being composed o f K roo Methodists. N o gin enLers
it or other intoxicants, no tobacco, nothing unclean. Each man has one w ife,
and only one. The children, girls as well as boys, will be sent to school, church,
and Sunday school. A nd having Christian parents the little girls will not be
likely to be sold in infancy to any man who has the price to add them to his
harem.
A h, the w onderful draw ing power o f the Christ when once H e is lifted
up in these heathen la n d s! H ow H e draws these souls from the dark heathen
practices and teachings into H is most marvelous lig h t! P ra y fo r this A frican
Bethany that H e m ay ever abide there, with H is faith fu l and elect K roo children.
The Mission Day School
“Book palaver,” they will have it, these K roo men. Long they waited at
Nanah K roo, but last year saw a school in session at the mission. Representa
tives o f ten different tribes were enrolled; thirty-five in all. M ost o f these boys
had never been in school before. M any o f them could not speak a word o f
English when they came. A few possessed unusually bright minds, but none
o f them w ere stupid. A t school all took a pretty stiff examination in the Book
1914]
Liberia
219
o f Genesis, Elem entary Arithm etic, W riting, Spelling, Dictation, Reading, G eog
raphy o f A frica . T he lowest average percentage was 77 in Dictation, the highest
95 in Arithm etic. “ N ot bad,” commented one o f their teachers, a graduate o f the
Philadelphia N orm al School.
W H E R E Y O U CA N H A V E A H A N D
What is Needed to Push the Good Work Forward
1. About $100 fo r a boys’ dining hall.
ing material we can Cut from the bush.
This will buy the zinc.
O ther build
2. One thousand dollars or more for a good church building. O ur present
bamboo church is fallin g to pieces over our heads steadily and rapidly.
3. Sch olarsh ips: $25 fo r a b o y ; $60 to $100 fo r a preacher.
4. B oys’ clothing, ages 8 to 18. Strong overalls; strong shirts; donated
cloth. T o save paying duty at this end, mark box, “ For mission use only.”
5. School books in English, six or more o f the same kind.
Readers especially needed. Mark, “ F or mission use only.”
2nd, 3rd, and 4th
220
E ast
Ce n t r a l A f r ic a M is s io n Co n f e r e n c e
Th e E ast Central A fr ic a M ission Conference includes the work in Portuguese
E ast A fr ic a £nd Southern Rhodesia.
T h e portion of Portuguese E a st A fr ic a that
has been assigned (w ith few exceptions) to the M ethodist Episcopal Church by
agreem ent w ith other A m erican and European M ission Boards, extends northward
from the Lim popo R ive r on the south, nearly 600 m iles to the Zam besi on the
north, and from 100 to 300 miles inland. In this territory there is a n ative Negro
population o f over 2,500,000. Southern Rhodesia is a British colony covering about
144,000 square m iles. Th e country is a high plateau, with a good clim ate, abounding
in minerals and capable o f producing nearly all kinds of agricultural products. There
are about 24,000 w hites and 620,000 natives in Southern Rhodesia.
T h e first M ethodist Episcopal m issionary in Portuguese E ast A fric a , with
headquarters at Inhambane, was the Rev. E . H. Richards, who was appointed in
1890 by Bishop Taylor.
Bishop H artzell founded the M ission in Rhodesia in 1897, and received large
concessions in lands and buildings through the late Cecil J. Rhodes and E arl Grey.
T o this he united the w ork in Inhambane and by authority of the General Conference
organized the M ission Conference in N ovem ber, 1901.
Some Social Aspects
Christianity has touched, but little, the mature and the aged. The youth are
eager fo r the school and the Church. These young people, on becoming Chris
tians, have peculiar hardships to face, intensified by the heathen atmosphere o f
their kraals. T h e environment here is animistic superstition, tribal custom, and
a collectivism that negatives individuality— and all under the dictatorship o f a
heathen chief. W hen the young man or woman becomes a convert from this
he continues to live in it. F o r generations, untold, the m aking o f gardens, the
carrying on o f war, the business has been collective. N o individual stood out
against what the community declared la w fu l or forbidden. Christianity, with
its message o f individual responsibility, is entirely new and strange. Conversion
cannot be expected to transform collectivism into individualism at one stroke, or
to adjust relations and conduct in one experience. F o r it must be remembered
that the Christian remains a member o f the tribe and as such the government
administers its supervision through the chief. This step involves nothing other
than that the individual, hitherto bereft o f w ill-power by birth and training,
should come into the consciousness o f his own value, his personal rights, and his
individual obligation : in other words, should w ake to his personal selfhood with
its pow er o f self-w ill, its jo y o f self-integrity, and its sense o f isolated responsi
bility. C learly this process cannot be obtained in a single generation.
T he ideal o f womanhood must be elevated and beautified. Indeed, at present
womanhood is without ideal. T his must be accomplished by a change in woman
as well as in her father and husband. So far, in this Mission, men have made
more rapid and general progress than woman. Conditions are to blame fo r this
and not woman. H ere is an illustration: *
O nly native males find employment with the white residents o f Rhodesia.
T he w ork o f the farm er and the house-wife is done by native boys. T h e black
fathers and prospective bridegrooms object to these women leaving the kraals.
These may thus get out o f their control and the men suffer the loss o f from five
to eight cattle— the value o f a black woman.
T he missionary is equally
averse to their better qualified native girls becoming domestic servants. T he
towns are the centers o f demand. H ere the girls are in great moral danger,
a prey to the licentious passion o f all races. W ould that the white man always
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East Central Africa
221
helped solve this problem instead o f degrading him self and the black woman.
T his latter condition has materially improved the last decade, as there is in
creased fam ily life among white settlers.
T he native girls have thus no money. T heir fathers, fo r the most part, are
heathen who find employment but long enough to obtain the government tax and
the hut assessment (from £i to £2). T he young women are ambitious fo r better
clothes, which the fathers are unwilling to get them. Grain, not needed by the
heathen for food, is malted into doro (beer). T he boys who go to w ork in the
mines, on farms, or as domestic servants, have money. W hen these boys return
from w ork or come home on a “ visit” they pay the girls to sin by giving them
cloth or ready-made dresses. F or some o f the girls there is little other oppor
tunity to obtain these coveted garments.
H ere lies Christianity’s task and the w ork o f the missionary. T he light o f
the Gospel o f purity and opportunity must sanctify the life in town and in the
country, o f the whites and the blacks, and give womanhood a chance to gain live
lihood and character, without being compelled to contend with such tremendous
odds. In the Gospel o f Christ lies, also, the cure o f the “house-boy system,” now
such a disagreeable problem before legislature, state court, missionary workers,
and housekeepers.
R H O D E S IA D IS T R IC T
T h is D istrict includes the eastern section o f Southern Rhodesia, a region under
•the British flag.
O ld
U m ta ili
an d
U m ta li
O ld U m tali station is located in a beautiful, mountainous section, 3,500 feet
above the sea.
U m tali. the seat o f the governm ent adm inistration for the eastern
region of Southern Rhodesia, is situated ten miles away. A t O ld U m tali there is
a farm o f 3,000 acres, owned by the mission, -which was form ally dedicated to the
industrial and religious uplift of the A frican people in 1899.
O ver 200 acres are
now under cultivation, where boys and girls are trained in agricultural industries,
brick making, and building.
T h e W om an’s Foreign M issionary Society has fifty
acres of land ad join ing the property of the Board, and the whole form ing a Mission
Park.
Th e equipment includes buildings for a church, schools, shops, printing
press, farm stock, and residences for missionaries.
On the land of the W om an’s
Foreign M issionary Society there are two good buildings. Old U m tali is the center
o f an active and productive work in the translation of Scriptures and other literature
into the native language. A t U m tali is located Saint A n drew ’s Church (E n glish ),
which possesses a fine property.
M issionaries: Rev. John R. Gates (on furlough) and Mrs. Gates (on furlough),
Rev. E dd y H. Greeley, R ev. H. N. Howard and Mrs. Howard, Rev. Charles A . K ent
and Mrs. Kent, Mr. George A . Roberts (on furlough) and Mrs. Roberts (on fur
lough). W . F. M. S . : M iss Emma D. Nourse, M iss Grace Clark.
T h e form er Zam besi D istrict is now included in the Rhodesia D istrict, and
includes the work at N yakasapa, Penhalonga, and Mrewa.
A t the first mentioned
place there is a M ission Farm of three thousand acres and several b u ild in g s ; at
Penhalonga a good E nglish Church.
Dr. Gurney is stationed at M rewa where a
remarkable medical work is going forward.
M ission aries: Dr. Samuel Gurney, Rev. A . L. Buchw alter and Mrs. Buchwalter,
Rev. H enry I. James and Mrs. James, Miss M ullikin.
M utam bara
Situated fifty m iles south of Um tali. W ork was begun in 1907. T h e M ethodist
Episcopal Church possesses a farm of 3,000 acres with several good buildings, on
which industrial, educational, medical and evangelistic lines of work are carried on.
A t the present time Mutambara is the center o f a circuit of six native out-stations.
222
M issionaries: Rev. Thom as A . O ’Farrell and M rs. O ’Farrell, M iss R uby N eal
Goddard.
C h arles
A.
K ent,
Superintendent
Besides five white centers we have forty-tw o native stations in the care o f a
like number o f pastor-teachers. In many o f these stations there are tw o schools,
with several preaching points. T here are fifty-tw o natives in the employ o f
the Mission as evangelists, teachers and pastors. Penhalonga has 5,000 natives
and U ihtali one h a lf that number.
W e have 1,574 fu ll members, 1,618 probationers and 4,809 unbaptized adher
ents. T his is an average to each station o f thirty-eight full members, fo rty
probationers and 115 unbaptized adherents. 179 children have been baptized
during the year, 400 have been received on probation exclusive o f these children,
and 406 have been received into fu ll membership. T here are 3,400 enrolled in
Sunday schools which are supplied with the International Lessons in the ver
nacular with helps edited by E. H . Greeley. 4,200 are reported enrolled in day
schools taught by native teachers. A ll day schools fo r the natives are conducted
by the M ission. T he government assists with a grant-in-aid based on the . at
tendance and the number o f days taught. T he grant fo r this mission, last year,
w as more than $3,000.
A m aterial advance has been made in self-support. The most notable e x
ample is the Um tali native church, which has given $250 since last Conference.
T h e M ission reports $790 contributed by the natives, as against $350 last year.
Nyakatsapa, a white center, has been without a white w orker since the first
o f February, 1914. M r. and M rs. W allace have done excellent w ork in the'
places vacated by M r. and M rs. Roberts, M r. W allace in charge o f the farm and
M rs. W allace assisting in the school.
Upon M r. H o w ard ’s going his place at the head o f the B o ys’ Central T ra in
ing School was tem porarily taken by E . H . Greeley, assisted by A . L . Buchw alter
and H . I. James. L ater M r. James was transferred from Penhalonga and put
in charge o f this ccnter. T h e enrollment o f the school under his supervision,
has steadily increased and the outlook is encouraging.
A t M rew a, our farthest center to the north— more than one hundred and
fifty miles from the Zambezi River, our northern boundary— th e dogger house
has been replaced by a brick and iron one o f six rooms, valued at $1,500. Much
o f the m aterial was transported gratuitously, the fo rty miles from the railroad,
by farm ers in whose high favo r Dr. Gurney has ingratiated him self by his life
and pills.
A t M utambara, on the southern boundary o f our territory and fifty miles
south o f Um tali, a new five-room cottage affords M r. and M rs. O ’Farrell and
fam ily a com fortable home. T h e house is valued at $1,750. T his center has
made m aterial progress despite the additional w ork put upon M r. and M rs.
O ’F arrell by the leave o f absence o f M iss Goddard. Definite plans are taking
shape fo r a much needed new church.
A t M akom we there has been built, this year, the first stone church o f this
Mission. T h e stones were obtained from an adjoining kopje and personally laid
by J. G. Paisley, the m issionary in charge.
District Conference
A successful district conference o f the Rhodesia M ission was held at Old
Umtali, June 8-16. It approved a resolution submitted by the members o f the
East Central Africa
1914]
223
W om an’s Foreign M issionary Society, looking to the extension o f their w ork
to Nyakatsapa.
T e a c h e rs ’ In stitu te
A n interesting and well-attended institute fo r our native pastor-teachers
was held from June 16 to July 11. It was the first in the history o f the Mission.
M any o f the teachers’ wives were also present fo r whom special classes were
held.
F in a n cia l Situ atio n
O ur financial situation may be described as static embarrassment occasioned
by an accumulated deficit and the discontinuance o f a number o f special gifts.
It results in inability to continue present w ork and care fo r present w orkers on
the present financial budget.
IN H A M B A N E , K A M B IN I, A N D
L IM P O P O
D IS T R IC T S
Th e Inhambane D istrict is located in Portuguese East A frica. It extends from
the southern boundary of the governmental district of Inhambane to M akodweni
on the north, which makes a distance of about 200 miles. It extends w estward to
the Tran svaal and southeastern Rhodesia, which makes a distance o f from 200
to 250 miles.
Th e eastern boundary is the Indian Ocean.
In this district there
are about 1,500,000 natives composed of three principal tribes: Batswa, Batonga,
and Bachopi. Each tribe has a distinct language of its own. The entire Scriptures
are translated into the Sheetswa language and the N ew Testam ent into the Gitonga
language and primers in these two and also in the Chopi language.
These three
tribes belong to the great Bantu fam ily.
T h e y are a w ell-built people physically,
and are said by those of good authority to be intellectually superior to the tribes
which occupy the central portions of A frica.
A railroad is in the course of con
struction, opening up the interior.
T h e town of Inhambane, which is the seat
o f the governm ental headquarters o f the district, is located in the mission district
o f Inhambane.
G ikuki
G ikuki is the mission headquarters of the district and is located across the
bay from the town of Inhambane, a distance o f about five miles, on a bluff fifty
feet in height overlooking the waters of the beautiful bay.
Th e mission property
includes 24 acres, a church, large residence, and several other buildings for training
school, printing press, and dispensary.
M ission aries. Rev. W illiam C. Terril and Mrs. Terril, Mr. Josef A . Persson
and Mrs. Persson, M iss Ellen E. Bjorklund, Dr. C. J. Stauffacher and Mrs.
Stauffacher.
Institution s: M ission Press, G irls’ Train in g School, and M edical Dispensary.
T here are thirty-seven out-stations among the natives in charge o f thirty-five
native teachers and their w ives.
Th e Limpopo D istrict is composed of a part of the former Inhambane D istrict
and also much new territory. It includes the territory north of the ancient Limpopo
R iver and south of the Inhambane governm ental district, extending w estward until
the Tran svaal is reached and com prising ancient and populous Gazaland.
Th e
seaport town o f Chai C hai is located in this district, which port is about fifty miles
north o f Lourenco Marques and at the mouth of the Limpopo River. A new railroad
has recently been opened leading inland. There is a large native population in this
district composed in the main of the Bachopi tribe.
K am b in i
K am bini is the name of the headquarters of the Limpopo D istrict and is located
inland from the town o f Inhambane about forty_ miles. It is beautifully located, and
from many nearby points the waters of the Indian Ocean can be seen. T h e mission
farm consists o f 1,200 acres.
One hundred acres are under cultivation.
Th ere is
a large native church used also by the Bodine Train in g School for Boys.
The
224
boys are trained in agriculture and other industries.
There are several buildings
for missionaries, dormitories, m edical dispensary.
M issionaries: R ev. P lin y W . K eys and Mrs. Keys, Rev. Raym ond L. Bush (on
furlough), R ev. J. D. Pointer and Mrs. Pointer.
In stitution : B odine B o y s’ T ra in in g School.
There are thirty-three out-stations on this district in charge o f thirty-tw o native
teachers and their wives.
IN H A M B A N E
W . C.
T
e r r il ,
D I S T R IC T
Superintendent
From every viewpoint the year 1914 has been the best in the history o f the
Inhambane D istrict. T he out-station is the nursery and training ground o f the
Mission. T here are thirty-six out-stations in charge o f thirty-nine native pastorteachers, all o f whom are more or less trained men. T h irty-six o f these native
w orkers are receiving help from the Special G ifts. Each o f the thirty-six outstations reports an increase in baptized and full members and in probationers.
F ifteen o f our native pastor-teachers have received from the respective
government officials o f their district a government license to carry on their w ork
untrammeled. T h is grants them permission to teach religious studies, which
includes reading in their own language. T w elve native teachers are also in
training and preparing themselves fo r examination in the Portuguese language,
which w ill permit them to have a school recognized by the government fo r sec
ular teaching and which w ill in time obtain a government grant.
Each out-station has a Sunday school, which is a combination o f educational
and evangelistic effort. T he International Sunday School lessons are taught.
Each school has its officers and teachers and some schools are well organized and
conduct teacher training classes weekly. In addition to the regular lessons,
religious instruction is also given in thé “ L ord’s Prayer, The Ten Command
ments, T h e A postles’ Creed and One Hundred Catechetical Questions.” This
department o f our w ork continues to be a very effective agency fo r the sowing
o f seed in the hearts o f both Christian and heathen.
A ll our work, whether at the M ission Headquarters or on the out-stations
aims at the evangelization o f these people. Various agencies are adopted, and
one o f them is direct evangelistic w ork. M orning and evening prayers are con
ducted daily and four Sunday services. In addition to these, four classes are
conducted weekly, two fo r boys and young men and two for girls. A ll o f these
services are in charge o f the missionaries. T here is also a' teacher training
class, which is a source o f great help. A service is also held daily fo r the sick
who come fo r treatment. In all, twe'nty-seven religious services are held weekly
at Gikuki.
Self-support
T oo much stress cannot be laid on this. T o help oneself is surely a sign o f
spiritual development. T his spirit is grow in g here. T he E very Member G iving
W eekly was the key struck to bring this about. It has found a responsive chord
in the hearts o f many. A ll have not responded as yet, but there is an increase in
giving on each station, in some cases o f 100 per cent. T he full members are
expected to give two cents and the probationers one cent weekly.
Educational
Each out-station supports a day school and sessions are held three hours
daily. T he personnel o f the pupils is interesting. Grandmothers with their
1914]
East Central A frica
225
grandchildren tied to their backs are seen and all ages and sizes of both sexes
are found busy. A ll are bent on the same thing; that o f learning to read in
their own language in order that as soon as possible they may be able to read
God’-s Book. M any o f the schools are so large and the difference of age and
ability are so great that the native teacher in charge is compelled to secure the
help o f the larger and better educated boys and girls o f his village. T hey readily
consent, not merely because o f the standing it gives them, but because o f their
love fo r the uplift o f their people.
Located at Gikuki are two Training Schools. One is the G irls’ Training
School and the other the N ative Teacher Training Institute. T w o sessions o f
these schools have been held this year, with an average attendance o f twentyfour.
The girls were taught studies in the Portuguese language and many sur
prised us by their exceptionally good work. In addition to these studies they
were instructed in various industries, such as sewing, darning, needle-work,
laundry work, housework, and kitchen gardening. There is opposition to train
ing the girls, especially on the part o f the native men. T hey are, however,
awakening to the necessity o f it. For example, the native men, those identified
with the Mission in various ways, are usually better educated than the girls.
W hen the time comes for them to m arry they must marry someone inferior to
them intellectually and they discover to their sorrow, after a time, that their
wives are unable to wash and iron their clothes, cook and prepare their food,
care fo r the house and the children and fo r themselves in a neat and respectable
manner. Soon there is domestic trouble and the matter is brought to the mis
sionary to settle, and it gives him an opportunity to teach a practical lesson. It
is having its effect, and recently at a meeting, when matters o f this nature were
being discussed, a number o f young men present consented to permit their wives
to spend a month, at least, each year at the Mission headquarters in order that
they might be taught the simple rules o f housekeeping and caring fo r a family.
The N ative T eacher T rainin g Institute was a success. The m ajority o f
those present made good grades. In addition to studies in the Portuguese lan
guage they were also taught geography, an entirely new study fo r them, and one
which they found very interesting, even if they did not accept all told them as
gospel truth. Lectures w ere also given on the L ife o f John W esley and the
L ife o f Mohamet. T hey left with a larger appreciation for the Gospel o f Christ
and fo r the Church that has made.possible this knowledge fo r them.
W e aim to make this school a Union Training School in conjunction with the
Free M ethodist M ission o f N orth Am erica. One native pastor-teacher o f that
Mission was present and he, with all who were present of our own Mission, left
with a determination to return next year and to w ork in the interim as field
agents.
One more school should be mentioned. T he Church here has among its mis
sionaries two little white children. These two must be taught and they have a
section o f the schoolroom fo r themselves. Several Portuguese families have been
asking us to take their children and teach them. Because o f a lack o f accommo
dations we. are compelled to refuse, but one father was so insistent that he made
arrangements fo r his little son. to live close to the Mission and thus have us
teach him. H e has been in school for the last few weeks. W e predict that this
will develop what we desire for this work eventually: a T raining School in the
Portuguese language fo r Portuguese children.
226
Foreign Missions. Report
Mission Press
T h e M ission Press is located at Gikuki. This year is an unparalleled year
in this department. T he total number o f pages printed, in spite Qf a closing
down o f the press because o f a delay in the printing paper reaching here, is a
thirty-five per cent increase over any previous year. The number o f pages
printed is far in excess o f 1,000,000 octavo pages. O ur press does the most o f
the w ork fo r the Rhodesia Mission, much o f the w ork fo r the Free Methodist
Mission, and fo r a few months it printed a bi-monthly journal in Portuguese
fo r an Inhambane editor. T he importance o f this branch o f our w ork is beyond
estimate.
Medical Work
Threre is a M edical Dispensary located at Gikuki. The patients are cos
mopolitan and o f all ages, sizes and conditions. T hey represent various nation
alities, but o f course the Inhambane native is in predominance. T he Arabian
and Hindoo Mohammedans are present in large numbers. A lso half-castes,
Chinese and Portuguese. A fte r the morning service the clinic- begins and a
variety o f diseases are treated, some o f very serious nature and others trivial.
T he average daily attendance is thirty, and some o f them require tw o treat
ments daily.
In addition to the Dispensary w ork, the Doctor has many calls to outside
parties. H e has also been o f valuable assistance to the missionaries, and not only
o f our Mission, but also to those o f the Free Methodist Mission and the Church
o f England Mission. O ur medical w ork is aiding greatly in placing the M is
sion in high standing in the eyes o f all.
The Effects of This Work on Native Christians
A brief glance w ill give a little idea, especially if we compare the ones un
touched by the Gospel with those who have heard it and accepted it. T he effects
produced in the native Christians by the Gospel message is at once seen, felt,
smelt and heard. N o one w ill ever mistake a true Christian fo r a heathen. The
changes w rought affect every part o f his nature. H e surely becomes a new
creature inside and outside. T he outw ard changes are more in evidence. He
changes his clothes o f sunshine, cocoanut oil and animal skins fo r Christian and
civilized dress, and this putting on o f different clothes, is indicative o f his hav
ing put on the new man Christ Jesus. Soap and w ater become his friends. H e
w ill go miles to get a good bath, fo r he has learned that “cleanliness is next to
godliness.” T h is is also indicative o f an inward cleansing by the blood o f
Christ. It is safe to say that every man and woman outside o f the various mis
sions is a drunkard and an habitual user o f tobacco and snuff. A ll o f this ceases.
T o ta l abstinence from all alcoholic drinks and the use o f tobacco, hemp and
snuff is the standard set. H e also ceases to be a part and parcel o f the ground
from which he was made. Instead o f sitting on the ground he wishes fo r a
chair, and instead o f using mother earth fo r his table he buys or makes one with
fo u r legs. H e is no longer content with a bed on the floor, but he wishes one
o ff the ground. H is wooden food bowls, unsanitary because they are never
cleansed inside or out, give w ay to white enamel bowls. H is fingers which in
his heathen condition w ere used fo r knife, fork, and spoon, are put to a better
use, and he buys iron knives, forks and spoons. H e has come into the Light,
thus he wishes to have light all around him and buys a lamp and becomes a
1914]
East Central Africa
227
purchaser o f Standard Oil. H is house and village show the effect o f the change
that has taken place. H is hut form erly w as filthy. A fire was continually
burning and since there are no chimneys the most o f the smoke lodged in the
house. This is stopped and a small kitchen is built where the fire is kept burning.
Another effect o f great importance is his dispensing with his many wives
and retaining only one. This means a great loss fo r him financially, fo r he has
paid from fifty to one hundred and fifty dollars for each o f them. But, nothing
deterred, he sacrifices. H e also begins to show affection fo r his w ife and family,
and there are not a few cases where love, as you and I understand it, has been
manifested. N ot long ago one o f our girls refused to m arry the young man who
sought her hand unless he would promise to love her as the missionary loved his
w ife. T he young man consented and their home life is quite ideal. T h is is a
big step in advance from the belief that woman is a mere animal and fit only for
the w ork o f an animal. Christian parents have a different attitude tow ard their
children and they may often be seen doing the very rare thing o f carrying and
playing with the baby. Hom e is an unknown term in the heathen vocabulary. It
only becomes known as Christianity is infused into the life o f these people.
Home life means social life to a very large degree and thus the entire social life
o f these people is changed as the result o f the gospel, or it may be w iser to say,
that social life begins with them as the result of the coming o f Christ into their
lives.
K A M B IN I A N D L IM P O P O D IS T R IC T S
J. D.
P
o in t e r ,
Superintendent
T he Conference at Umtali, Rhodesia, in October, 1913, divided the large ter
ritory o f the Limpopo D istrict into two parts, thus making what is known as
the Kambini and Limpopo Districts. T he territory includes 250 miles o f the coast
line in Portuguese East A frica and extends westward to the Transvaal. There
are 800,000 natives within the bounds o f the two districts that belong princi
pally to the Batsw a and Bachopi tribes o f the great Bantu family. Those among
whom we work, fo r the most part speak the Sheetswa language.
TH E
K A M B IN I D IV IS IO N
' T he w ork o f the Kambini D istrict includes, first, the care and supervision
of fifteen native out-stations and preachers; second, the native church at K am
bini where preaching services are held every Sunday and prayers each day
under the supervision o f the m issionaries: third, the Bodine T rainin g School
fo r boys where the native language, Sheetswa. and Portuguese are being ta u g h t;
fourth, the medical w ork which is being done by Miss Ellen B jo rk lu n d ; fifth,
the industrial or farm w ork which in the absence o f Mr. Bush, is being superin
tended by the w riter.
The Bodine T rainin g School during the past year has been under the super
vision o f M rs. Pointer, who was assisted by a competent native teacher. T here
are about seventy-five pupils in the school who are being taught in Portuguese
or Sheetswa, and about twenty-five o f this number are orphans and make their
home here. W e have built a good, substantial two-story school-house o f sheet
iron, which is also being used as a dorm itory fo r the boys.
T h e industrial w ork consists o f teaching the boys simple things about
228
farm ing. T hey help raise the crops and thus learn to till the soil. T h is season
was dry and our crops were short. H ow ever, we harvested 1,400 bushels o f pea
nuts and 200 bushels o f corn. W e are much in need o f better equipment for
the farm as well as in all other departments o f the work.
T he medical w ork at Kam bini is being done by Miss B jorklund, who is a
competent trained nurse. A ll o f the ills and diseases o f the natives receive treat
ment at her hands and some days her patients number twenty. O ur medical
missionary, Dr. Stauffacher, at Gikuki, also makes trips to Kambini every two
weeks to care fo r the most serious or difficult cases.
T H E L IM P O P O D IV IS IO N
That section o f country lying between the Inhambane governm ental district
on the north and the Limpopo River on the south is the territory o f the Limpopo
District. It has fo r many years been the most neglected part o f our w ork in
Portuguese East A frica . On our recent trip through these parts we selected a
central location fo r our district headquarters on the banks o f the Limpopo River
near Chaichai. W e are looking forw ard to the time when we can get the money
to build a simple house there in which to live and carry on the w ork. This
section o f the country is thickly populated and most o f our w ork is new and
undeveloped. V ery little is being done by other churches and the field for the
most part is open to us. In w riting o f the Limpopo country another superin
tendent has said, “ I know o f no w orthier and needier cause in the missionary
world o f today than this Limpopo region, and I know o f no field that will yield
larger returns fo r God and H is church.”
O u r N eed s
In order to occupy the field and develop the w ork we must have money to
build a home fo r the missionaries. W e also need money fo r a school and church
building combined, and supporters fo r thirty native preachers. W hen these
needs are supplied we w ill ask fo r another missionary to teach and help with the
work.
Results
T he w ork o f the tw o districts is so much as to require the entire time o f
fo u r missionaries, and in the absence o f two o f them this year my w ork has
been largely that o f conservation. W e have traveled througli a part of boih
districts, visited and preached in many o f the native stations, baptized and
married scores o f the native Christians, and received 140 into the church during
the year.
The
G arden
T ru ck
F .\ n m m i> A m ove w a s R a is e d
O n e Boy and W on
by
S
h o w
, J
u l y
,
1913
F ir s t
P r iz e a t t h e
F o u rth
A n n u a l A g r ic u ltu r a l
W E ST C E N T R A L A F R IC A
NO. 18
Funohal to Londtn, 1,5 9 3 ; to tlabon,, 6 3 5 ;
to Monrovia, 1,7 15; to Cap« Town, 4 ,i
, 172, Nuut. Miles
BOARD OF FO REIG N M ISSIONS
CHURCH
M A J ÏE IR A
Pt.ilc Tristao
_
S
*T?ort Moniz
y .
/
WEST
CENTRAL AFRICA
Scale of Statute ¿Miles
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P laces w here M ethodist Episcopal
in red.
——
/C anical
Mach ico
Cable Lines
50
100
inta Cruz
iso
P o rt N ovo
Loanda to Funchal, 4 ,0 2 0 ;
to Mostamadet, 4 4 2 , Naut. Miles
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azen Head
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20'
W est Central Africa
229
W e s t Ce n t r a l A f r ic a M is s io n Co n f e r e n c e
T h e W est Central A fr ic a M ission Conference includes the work of the M ethodist
Episcopal Church on the w est coast of A fr ic a south of the equator.
Our present
work is in the central part o f the province .of Angola, including the Lunda D istrict
and a part of the Southern Congo State. The M ethodist Episcopal Church is respon
sible also for the intervening stretch of some 600 miles, m aking a territory on the
whole 200 miles from north to south, and 900 miles from west to east. T h e M adeira
Islands are also included.
A N G O L A D IS T R IC T
A n gola is a Portuguese province and is one of the largest political divisions of
A frica, and by reason of its richness o f soil and mineral wealth, one o f the most
important. It has a coast line of about 1,000 m iles with Loanda and Lobito, two of
the best harbors on the west coast. Its area is 484,000 square miles. T h e population
is variously estimated at from 2,000,000 to 4,000,000. The country is well supplied
with railroads. A railroad runs 300 m iles into the interior from Loanda. There is
also another road running 600 miles from Lobito B ay toward the great copper
regions of K atango in Southern Congo.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work in A n gola was commenced in 1885 by a party
of missionaries under Bishop W illiam Taylor.
In June, 1897, Bishop -Hartzell held
the first session o f the then Congo M ission Conference. In 1900 the General C on
ference divided the Congo M ission C onference into the W est Central A fr ic a M ission
Conference and the E ast Central A fr ic a M ission Conference.
Pursuant to this
action, Bishop H artzell held the first session o f the W est Central A fr ic a Mission
Conference at Quiongoa, A n gola, M ay, 1902.
No other Boards have missions in
the territories of A n gola where the M ethodist Episcopal Church is at work.
Loanda
Loanda, the capital city, has a population of 28,000, and is situated on tbe
A tlan tic Coast, 250 m iles south of the Congo.
The M ethodist Episcopal Church
has a mission property of tw elve acres in the heart o f the city on a plateau over
looking the sea w'ith several excellent buildings. The W om an’s Foreign M issionary
Society also possesses a fine property here.
M ission aries: R ev. Robert Shields and Mrs. Shields, Rev. W. S. M iller, Mrs.
M ary B. Shuett. W. F. M. S . : M iss E lsie Roush, Celicia Cross.
In stitution s: B oys’ H ostel. W . F. M. S .: G irls’ Jubilee Hall.
Quessua and Malange
These two mission stations are 300 miles in the interior at the terminus of the
railroad. A t M alange, there are a mission printing press and schools. A t Quessua, a
few miles distant, there is a farm of 600 acres with an Industrial School for Boys
and schools for girls under the W om an’s Foreign M issionary Society.
M issionaries: Rev. H. C. W ith ey and Mrs. W ithey. Rev. A ugust Klebsattel and
Mrs. Klebsattel, Rev. R. B. Kipp and Mrs. Kipp. W. F. M. S . : Miss Susan Collins
and M iss M artha Drummer.
R
obert
S
h ie l d s ,
Superintendent
N o report.
L U B O L L O D IS T R IC T
Ndunga
W ork am ong the Lubollo people has been opened at Ndunga.
noted for their activity, independence, and energy.
M ission aries: R ev. W . P. Dodson and Mrs. Dodson.
T h is people are
Quiongoa
Here the M ethodist Episcopal Church possesses a well equipped station with a
farm o f 100 acres, several buildings, and an industrial school.
M ission aries: R ev. John C. W engatz and Mrs. W engatz, Mr. A ustin J. Gibbs.
W . P.
D
o d so n ,
Superintendent
230
F I N A L R E P O R T O F W. P. D O D S O N
A t the Close of His Thirtieth Year as Missionary to Angola
Mr. Dodson has been retired this past year with honorable mention o f his
sacrificial life.
T he first conviction as to the claims o f foreign missionary w ork,o n my life
came through hearing a returned missionary from China, who afterw ards
came to be our beloved and lamented Recording Secretary, Dr. Stephen A .
Baldwin. T his conviction was deepened by the addresses o f M rs. E. B. Stevens,
o f the Baltim ore Branch o f the W . F. M. S., and it is a fact w orthy to be
reverted to and held in mind in these days still awaiting, as it w ould seem,
the effectual plea fo r the cause o f Missions that the deep impression then pro
duced was not so much from the array o f figures and pleasing incidents nor
engaging propositions as if to the patrons o f mere human endeavor, but rather
the compelling effect o f a more purely spiritual tide, liftin g the soul above the
footholds o f human calculations into comradeship with the Divine One involving
a share in that which is behind in H is sufferings, and not concealing the fact
o f a demand upon those professing H is name fo r means and lives obviously His
own.
T h e first distinct call felc was shortly after I heard o f Bishop W illiam
T aylo r selecting a band to accompany him into the wilds o f A frica , which though
far from appealing to any spirit o f adventure in me, found me w illing to the
sacrifice, but pierced with a sense o f my unworthiness for such a high calling,
w ondering how I was to emulate the life o f H enry M artyn, who at that time
was my ideal o f a missionary.
F rom a study o f the proposed Mission to A fric a I perceived that few if
any precedents would stand me in stea d ; but on our long and useful voyage, and
as the first self-dei^ in g experience on landing came in all their force o f strange
reality, I found my spirit already prepared, and at every turn.
D uring the course o f my first fever my bed consisted o f four bales o f cotton
cloth on which were spread my pioneer blankets. I do not remember much
about the suffering, but I well remember that, while some others under similar
trial w ere dejected and returned by the first steamer, my heart was filled with
a jo y not o f this world, and I was truly glad to spend the first strength I gained
on recovery in stenciling the name o f donors on the tents and to be given a
place in that advance party o f five to the interior, headed by Bishop W illiam
T aylor him self in May, 1885.
Dondo, reached by sea and up the Q uanza River, this party found itself
practically forsaken by the special porters obtained at a high price, and, shoulder
ing knapsacks containing as much as each man could carry, started out at night
into the unknown beyond. A t the end o f that first search, quite exhausted, they
lay down on the ground in the darkness to sleep, greeted before m orning with
a shower o f rain upon' their tired bodies. Em erging in the early dawn from
out the partial shelter o f a rubber blanket, I again learned w hat a high state
o f jo y can exist with aching limbs and parched throat.
It was in those days I got my first view o f the nobility, perfect patience, and
deep piety o f the one God had chosen as our leader. H e was noble to the verge
o f self-obliteration ; patient to the point o f apparent indifference, though him
self so energetic in action. T he chief charm o f the man was his deep, unaffected
piety, not concealed under his evident dignity, but as a pleasant light shining to
all that were in the house.
1914]
West Central Africa
231
T hese are the leadings, influences, and experiences with which my life as
a missionary opened when I was dropped down at Nhangue, the destination o f
the advance party, from which point the distribution o f workers was made as
they came up from Loanda.
Here, o f course, I became intensely interested in “ first things.” Bishop
T aylo r and I dug the first well. H ere I got together the first native school
under a tent-fly, and realized the first fruits o f the “ self-supporting” idea tuition
for the twelve children, which came in the shape o f corn and other produce. It
was the first patron o f this little school, a well educated native named M auricio,
who helped me by means o f what Portuguese I knew to fram e up our first hymn
in Kimbundu long before I knew that language.
W e had settled but a few months in Nhangua, when in September I was
chosen to lead an expedition with five selected natives into the Lubolo Country
in quest o f roof timber. D isregarding the frigh tfu l stories told me o f fierce
ness and cannibalism, I refused to take any weapons o f w arfare save a baby
organ and my father’s Bible. B y the aid o f the form er I soothed and appealed
to the senses o f many otherwise beyond my reach. A s to understanding them,
their language was to me then only a jargon o f continuous sound, like one unin
telligible long word. I could read Portuguese, but spoke little, having but a
small vocabulary, mostly words o f Scripture. It was rather a sensational experi
ence fo r one so new to everything to find him self seated in the midst o f an
A frica n court, the guest o f a chief to whom a throng showed such solemn
deference. M y interpreter made known the object o f my visit. A t the close
o f the old chief’s oration, which follow ed in deep and commanding voice, it was
a relief to learn that the wild harangue was an address o f welcome, though
my unaccustomed ears might well have taken it to be a call to arms to drive out
an intruder, or an order to cook him at once. T he welcome, however, included
a demand fo r rum to drink and to pour out as an oblation on the forest. H ow
was I satisfactorily to meet this dilemma? It was in exact order to observe
silence before my reply, but with me it was fo r silent prayer while I drew my
father’s Bible close to me and turned back the cover. M y eyes rested on those
first w o r d s : “ In the beginning God created the heavens and earth.” In the
calm that fell on me and in the simple w ords at my command I told o f the
Father and M aker o f us all and all things, and o f that pure clear liquid which
H e distilled to quench the thirst as well o f the trees as o f men; backing it tfp
with the assertion that as I was a messenger o f His, I could agree to doing
nothing that would displease Him. It gained my case. The old chief entertained
me fo r a week, and I went aw ay with my errand fulfilled.
I made a second and a third visit, and thus was developed at the beginning
o f my career a call and a prospective appointment by Bishop T aylo r to a w ork
which this Conference thirty years afterw ard finds inaugurated in the campaign
o f these last four years.
Returning to my native school work at Nhangua, fo r a while I was also
engaged in teaching the children o f our missionaries, together with which, both
by personal inclination and the persuasion o f others, I combined the study and
practice o f medicine, which was greatly blessed.
But before long the tall task that had to be faced by a reduced band o f
w orkers made it impossible fo r any one to specialize, and in time all the w ork
west o f M alange fell to the care o f that little band. M y heart went out in those
days to the one on whom this heavy burden fell, that noble, self-sacrificing man,
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our Superintendent, Am os E. W ithey, with whom I tramped hundreds of miles
between Dondo and Kalenje, procuring supplies, doing transport w ork, or serv
in g any place in need.
In 1889 he sent me to Loanda, where I relieved by every means in my power
those who had been in charge, keeping up the school, their only source of
revenue. A fte r they were able to leave for A m erica I held the Station alone
until the arrival o f new w orkers whom I inducted into the language and School
W ork, and when all was in running order returned to the interior. I think that
experience alone in Loanda was at once one o f the most agonizing and profitable
I ever had in A ngola. It was an opportunity to feel entirely alone with God,
with not the slightest evidence I could see o f one who loved or feared Him.
T o my small day school I sought to be faithful, and out o f that school one
came to be a w orker in our M ission fo r years. E very Sunday I held public
services, but my congregation was composed fo r the greater part o f outrageously
bad boys and curious persons who thus got to hear what paved the w ay to
greater interest later on. But the aw fu l weight o f the apparently G od-forsaken
city was crushing. T he howl o f the hundred dogs at night seemed in keeping
with the frigh tfu lly frequent funeral processions by day, made w orse by the
loud and doleful dirge o f the brass band, especially when I learned that it was
at the price o f forty dollars, the brazen priest thus w ringing out o f the poor
and needjr their very means o f sustenance, while they w ere kept hanging between
superstitious hope and fear on his hypocritical incantations. O ften under the
dim light o f the stars with face to the earth I poured out my soul to God, and
H e heard my cry and gave me more to do with it later on. N o r was this
experience w holly o f sorrow.
In 1888 I was appointed fo r the first time to Quiongoa. In 1890 to Dondo.
In 1891 Brother W ithey again appointed me to Quiongoa, where I remained until
1897. In those six years the most extensive building operations the Mission had
undertaken w ere nearly brought to completion, the ponderous stones and timbers
bearing testimony today o f the strain on man and beast that produced that stable
plant. O ur Superintendent at laborious intervals threw his very life into this
wor.k. Sometime previously he had sent me as a helper his son, my dear Brother
H erbert W ithey, then in his eighteenth year. A lread y matured as a man by
reason o f responsibilities rarely fallin g to the lot o f a youth, he brought his
sincere self and a deep consecration beautiful to remember. W ith him I wrought
out not only the material plant, but many things that now lie at the base o f all
our industrial work. In tent and hut we prayed together before and during
the first spiritual awakenings there and the set-backs, and he grew up to take
my place, carrying to completion the plans; identifying him self with the grow ing
aspirations o f the people, keeping them at peace among themselves, and at length
retiring to his present field follow ed by the gratitude o f a changed and Christian
people to whom he had given his sympathies and all there was o f him.
In May, 1907, Bishop H artzell came among us sincerely welcomed by all. I
had the pleasure o f goin g to the coast with Brother A . E. W ithey to meet him,
and recall with pleasure the scenes and first talks by the wilderness w ay as we
journeyed to Quiongoa, where he organized us into a Mission Conference. A t
that Conference he merged the tw o districts then existing into one, and appointed
me the Presiding Elder, which post I held until our second furlough in 1908.
O ur Conference journals record my labors in the midst o f our handicaps, and
the lack o f means and missionaries. A t times there seemed a promise o f quite
1914]
West Central Africa
233
a forw ard movement, but there were nine new missionaries who came to us dur
ing those ten years who were, after a short season, lost to the M ission ; four by
death and five by removal.
T he appointment as Presiding E lder I had accepted with great diffidence, but
once in it I sought how best 1 might direct my energies. Outside the itinerating
among the regularly opened Stations, two objects presented themselves to my
mind. One was, if possible, to put into operation the stations that were closed;
another to open a line o f N ative Stations, beginning with the few native w orkers
we had, hoping fo r the development o f more. Dondo was closed by the Con
ference at which I was appointed Presiding Elder, but I persisted in going that
w ay when I could, and ministered to the few souls who still sighed fo r our
M issions. A t Pungo A ndongo I took up my residence, and by efforts at broken
intervals through the years sought to bring it up to good shape and at last
succeeded. But it seems that all my labors are lost to us. A Roman Catholic
priest, however, enjoys the benefit and keeps a school there, which my last
report o f the place shows it was my ambition we might do at least. Though
I kept Loanda Station before the thought o f Conference, it remained closed until
1901, such were our straits. But in that year it pressed me so that in the absence
o f Bishop H artzell 1 addressed him a letter asking if he could see no w ay by
which it might be opened. He replied, suggesting Brother C. W . Gordon, who
was a good Portuguese scholar, but remembering from my own experience the
handicap o f a single man there, I took the liberty to appoint Brother Robert
Shields, Mrs. Shields being such an excellent teacher and he an evangelist. T hey
went cheerfully and labored successfully from the start, though under grow ing
disadvantages fo r lack o f accommodation, a situation which Bishop H artzell
afterw ard relieved by the purchase o f the splendid additional property since
occupied, and this w ork has grown both in the city and out beyond it.
In opening native stations I began at Tomba, which with Hombo is at
the Am baca end, and Lengue was at the Eastern end out beyond Quessua and
Malange. In roam ing the back country indirectly between these tw o extremes,
I observed the native population had retreated there, desiring to be at a safe
distance from what might be called A ngolan civilization. I succeeded in plant
ing two Stations between, at Nzengele and Nzamba, and adopted an Am baquista
school that had started near Quessua. I tried in vain to get a foothold in certain
large and well watered sections, but was re fu s e d ; frankly telling me that the
presence o f white men among them was a sure sign o f trouble near at hand.
T hat my visits were acceptable, but the moment I settled a M ission there they
would betake themselves to the mountains. A t another place I succeeded in
getting a school started, but it was soon closed. But I preached and sang and
taught and sounded the blessed Gospel throughout all lhat region, back and
forth in heat and dry, sometimes in storm and tempest, and wet to the skin
through dripping high grass fo r miles, which was sometimes more refreshing.
This work, while so primitive, involved also the instructing and schooling
o f the native w orkers themselves and those who have since become such. God
only knows how I labored in this. For a great part o f the time I realized the
work was right in there, and with Scripture, catechism, and hymns I drilled and
drilled. On some o f my rounds just the hymns took most all m3" time. T he
services over, everyone that could possess him self o f a book laid w ait fo r me
with his special hymn until all were learned to the last.
N o part o f the w ork has had the show o f success like that o f Hotnbo, begun
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in beautiful devotion and sacrifice by Joao and M aria Garcia, who slept out
o f doors under mats while their house was being built. T he apparent non
success o f Tomba, though in the same section o f country, has been in striking
contrast with Hombo. T h e two places and the two men have often furnished
material fo r interesting reflection. Both men real Christians, one outwardly
more abrupt, the other more refined, both equally laborious and devoted. But
how different the statistical showing. T he one field blooming w ith cheerful
believers, the other barren and frow ning with the dark faces and darker hearts,
and a lightning struck school to fix the gloom y aspect. B ut the school had been
faith fu lly kept and its influence good, and Brother Mattheus Inglez, though
ignorant o f the w ords o f Lowell, is capable o f realizing the sentim ent:
“ Standeth God within the shadow,
Keeping watch above H is own.”
T he first record in my journal o f the baptism o f adults and the burning
o f .their fetishes is A ugu st 6, 1903, soon follow ed by others. On the above date
we first celebrated the Sacram ent o f the L ord ’s Supper, and my journal has the
w ords: “There kneeled the w orkers o f Hombo and Tomba, their families, their
helpers, and the first fru its o f their labors, who had before thus partaking
burned the symbols o f their superstition before the people, disavowing the
customs o f their forefathers, m arried as Christians, and now bow ing at the
table o f the L ord.” In 1906 I brought these stations together in a union meet
ing, and find in my journal o f that date: “This Sunday brought great refresh
ment to my soul and memories o f the time at Kam usokodi, where I lay fo r days
ill in a hut while on my w ay with Brothers Mattheus Inglez and Joao G arcia to
establish these tw o M issions that now number fifty souls, with nine or ten prepar
ing to go to other fields, and a number gone to Paradise. A day this that has
taught me again that I should never doubt nor be discouraged. I always have
and still do take pleasure in considering my humble labors in A ngola from
beginning to end as those o f a pioneer. B ut it is an unspeakable pleasure
that God permitted me to see some fruits upspringing, especially in those fields
over which my heart has most yearned and labored, and I may say suffered.
T he fru it from those very fields has greatly increased since then, but it only
serves to bind me more closely to the w ork and to those who follow ed me and
whose labors are still bringing forth more fruit. F ru it which I pray may
remain and come to perfection.
Returning from my second furlough January 2, 1910, found me in Loanda
on the w ay to the long promised M ission to the Lubollos. M y w ife, then in
C alifornia settling two o f our children there, soon joined me. A cross the Quanza
from Pungo Andongo in a round trip w e traveled through the highlands o f
the Lubollo down to the central and advantageous situation Ndunga, to which
afterw ard my w ife preceded me, going alone with the caravan and m aking a
beginning in the little hut made fo r us by the natives, while I went on to Con
ference, join in g her there soon after. O ur reports up to the last Conference tell
the story o f the foundation and progress o f this Mission.
T h ere have been evident signs o f the Kingdom o f God breaking in on the
kingdom o f darkness, and they had fo r quite a while yielded to my earnest plead
ings to leave off their fanatic craze a fte r occult and foolish means to seek to
prolong their physical existence, and to seek the Lord o f L ife who w ould show
West Central Africa
235
them a w ay out o f their fears and dread to the sure blessings o f everlasting
life, showing them how such a course would not fail to bring its present blessings.
But after a cessation o f a year, they again gave themselves up to divining and
diviners to satisfy themselves as to who was the cause o f the oft-occurring deaths
among them, and the lot fell to their own chief, who was at once cast out as
a w izard and caused to suffer many things. But death went on, and some
dreadful cases o f it, as I faith fu lly warned them. But I have reason to believe my
presence was the means o f saving this chief and another from death by the
poison test, from which by great efforts I have restrained them fo r over two
years. T heir situation as to a government concerned in these matters is so
pitiful that I dare not trust m yself to put my pen to it.
H ow ever, in all w e have seen the hand o f God. T he ebb tide o f this battle
shows lines o f deeper conviction in the faces and actions o f many who as yet
dare not fully a rray themselves on the side o f Him who would break their
chains, the weight o f which they more sensibly feel. T he condition o f some of
these brings to mind w ords spoken o f Israel at one time, “T hey worshipped the
Lord and served Baal.”
Beside the number who are becoming tru ly awakened, God gave us one soul
fo r our hire. T he finely endowed brother o f the chief has fully come out on
the L ord ’s side, and his conduct through this year has been so consistent in the
midst o f the aw ful superstitions and drunkenness which he has faced that we
have been impressed with the powers and goodness o f God. H e has been
baptized and received on probation, and he partook with us publicly o f the L ord ’s
Supper.
“One so u l!” Y ears ago when m y dear w ife first came to this field, I once
heard her pray the prayer, “ O Lord, teach us the value o f one immortal soul.”
A nd as she retires from the field, I am sure it will be with a vivid sense o f the
truth that during these years in the Lubolo, God has been pleased to give us
both an answer to that prayer in a peculiar w ay through this one soul. W ho
can estimate his value to the native Church in his own hill country if we all
bear him 011 our hearts in prayer, that he m ay be preserved from backsliding and
shepherded and further instructed and enlightened.
N dunga is but a small part o f the Lubolo District, though a rem arkablj7
endowed place as a mission center, and the labors o f this our last year have
been w onderfully blessed in its further development. On coming out to Con
ference we sought to leave it in the best and brightest shape we could, impelled
by a sacred devotion to the blessed beginnings God had wrought.
D urin g the year I made three tours o f the country toward the W est, taking
in the larger villages, Kenza, Zenza, and Kabuta.
Foreseeing that fo r imperative reasons we were w orking up to the close
o f our labors here, we felt it keenly and fo r the w ork’s sake that missionaries
to take up our w ork w ere not immediately forthcom ing as we had reason to
hope from our last Conference, and the native population kept continually asking
us about it. It was especially painful to us from the additional fact that this
year’s labors at N dunga and travels around among the adjacent peoples would
have furnished such experience in pioneer w ork and enlarged acquaintance to
new comers as it w ould be most difficult to repeat. It made my heart ache, but
resignedly I fell back on the sweet assurances o f God’s word.
In my travels I had interesting experiences, and saw more o f the throngs
aw aiting the Gospel. I preached among the cannibals o f the Kabuta region, and
236
had a hearing from their chief o f over twenty-two villages. I gave him a copy
o f one o f the Gospels, telling him it was God’s word expressed in his own
language. Instead o f taking it in his bare hands, he reverently received it in
the corner fold o f his robe and pressed it to his heart. W h y he did this 1 know
not, but 1 know , it affected me much. I presented our native worker, A ntonio
F elix, to whom he gave permission to teach among his people and offered a
house fo r the purpose.
I was much surprised at the thriftiness, finer houses, and cleaner villages of
this desperately depraved people. I expected their depravity to show itself
stamped on all their outward life. But it was not so, A n d it furnished me
with an example o f the fact that the A frica n s left alone, though they deal most
cruelly, keep their land and people in such order and discipline as is not possible
when personal responsibility is destroyed by the substitute o f a m ercenary regime
which leaves out o f its calculation the conduct and moral condition o f the people.
It seems w onderful to me to think that Nhangue Pepo, the place at which
my w ork began >ârs ago, and from which I first came to Ndunga, should now
be in the Lubollo D istrict and under m3' care this year. A nd I have the great
pleasure to report that on my third visit to this place long abandoned by us as
a station I found a congregation o f people gathering together as I had counseled
them on form er visits. T h ey read G od’s word together, sang our hy^mns, and
studied the catechism, and were constantly pleading for a missionary. T hey
had built a rude little chapel. On this last visit o f ours I held a service with
them in and about this little chapel before which in a huge fire twenty-eight
o f them burned their idols and charms, and I received a number o f them on
probation, w riting their names in a church record that had been kept fo r years.
Despite the feelings that came up at the thought o f leaving them quite alone,
the thought that God should at the end o f my days here bring me into this
scene at this place, and permit me as it were amid the tombs o f those who had
died fo r them to see life springing up, filled me with such feelings as it is hard
to describe. T h e words seemed to whisper themselves over all our A ngola
work, “In due season ye shall reap, if ye faint not.” A nother w ork has sprung
up as it were spontaneously at a plaice called Lutete, and has had the care o f
Brother W engatz at Quiongoa. It seems that it had its origin in the fact o f a
copy of the N ew Testam ent having been presented to an ex-native soldier,
Luiz Buta, by a passing m issionary not o f our Society. T h e w ord took effect
in the man’s mind, and he began to be concerned about his life, which he saw
to be not in accord with this book. A s he read he believed and began seeking
to bring forth fruits w orthy o f repentance, and to follow the precepts o f the
Saviour. I visited and preached among them. W h at are we to say to these
things? Does it not look as though w e were hanging behind, and that the Lord
w ill w ork in spite o f us if we cannot have the m issionaries?
Rev. and M rs. W engatz are overw orked at Quiongoa, and Mr. Gibbs is
giving all his time and strength to his teaching, and they are stretching their
labors out over these two places I have mentioned, beside others, and since
our departure from Ndunga, Rev. W engatz is doing all in his power to preserve
the fruits o f our labors there, upholding the Christian caretaker, Joao Moaixe,
who has, as I understand, been gathering about him no inconsiderable crowd
o f people to listen to his teaching.
W ith a sure trust and confidence in God, who has thus far led us, I commit
all to His care.
C i.A ss
in
S o ! i. T k s t i n c
at
Tin-
T r a in in g
S c h o o l , O l d U m t a i .i , R i i o d k s i a .
M r. R ubkkts, I n s t r u c t s
LUNDA
Th e Lunda
lies in A n gola
occupied by the
road is built as
greatest copper
237
D IS T R IC T
D istrict includes a region about 400 miles square, h alf o f which
and the remainder in the territory of the Belgian Congo.
It is
Balunda people, who are full of promise. T h e Cape to Cairo R ail
far as Kambove, located in the center o f w hat is claim ed to be the
deposits in the world.
K am bove
Situated at the present terminus o f the Cape to Cairo Road is the present head
quarters o f the mission.
Land grants for mission purposes have been made by the
Belgian government, both at Kam bove and at a point 300 miles farther north. B uild
ings for residence, school, and mission press have been erected.
M ission aries: Rev. John M. Springer and Mrs. Springer, Dr. A rth ur L. Piper
and Mrs. Piper, and Herman H einkle.
In stitution : Th e F o x B ible T rain in g School.
Joh n
M.
S p r in g e r ,
Superintendent
T he occupation o f Florence Station at M wata Yam vo’s capital by Dr. and
Mrs. A . L. Piper, the accession o f Rev. and Mrs. Guptill to Kambove, and the
arrival and assistance at Kam bove o f a voluntary missionary in the person o f
M rs. J. E.. Miller, mother o f Mrs. Springer, the printing o f the Gospel o f M ark
in Lunda— the first book o f Scripture to be translated into the tongue— the
providential opening o f w ork at Elizabethville under the care o f a native layman
employed there, as we have no m issionary to place there, and the continued
leading and blessing o f God in all the work, are the outstanding features for
the year in Lunda.
O p e n in g o f W o r k in K a ta n g a
In October, 1913, Mr. Heinkle, having completed a residence and settled
the party that had accompanied him from Lukoshi in the mission village, left
Florence Station in charge o f Kayeka, a converted Lunda slave now returned
from Bihe, and he was in sole charge until June 22, 1914, when he led a party
o f 300 out to meet Dr. and M rs. Piper and welcome them to the station. D uring
this time he had ably carried on the work, evangelizing and holding regular
school, and had had M w ata Y am vo him self for a pupil. T he influence o f th is
Christian home o f Kayeka, his believing w ife, and their five fine children was
potent from the first.
Dr. Piper took with him from Kam bove two native evangelists, who had
been trained in the F o x Bible T rainin g School, and six Lunda boys who had
been a year or two in the School. These will be a great help in many wa3rs.
Soon after arrival Mrs. Piper started a class for girls and women, which was
largely attended. A dditional buildings were put up for school and dispensary.
T he field was well prepared for a rapid advance and extension o f the work.
A nother freed-slave evangelist joined the Mission, and several villages now
have daily school and regular services. T here was more than enough w ork for
both Dr. and Mrs. Piper from the very first, so much so that they will hardly
be able to do extensive language and translation work as is so sadly needed. W e
are praying for another couple who have special linguistic gifts to join them.
O ur native w orkers can give excellent assistance if only they have necessary
oversight and direction. But this takes much time and strength.
A t Kam bove we have sown much Gospel seed and have reaped where other
fa r distant missionaries have sown. On December 1, 1913, we opened the fourth
year o f the F o x Bible T rainin g School. A fte r occupying three different loca
tions, Kanshanshi, Kalula, and Lukoshi, this school was settled in its permanent
238
home in Kambove. T he buildings were incomplete, consisting mostly of roofs,
but we began school and completed the buildings as rapidly as possible. A
dozen boys, all o f whom had entered the school free, came with us from
Lukoshi. On arriving at Kam bove w e made a new rule that all who enter
the school must pay an entrance fee o f 100 francs, or $20, fo r adults, lesser
fees fo r smaller boys. This insures earnestness, and helps in discipline. Eight
have already entered school under these conditions, and several others are
w orking out their fees.
T he first one to pay his full 100 francs down was a large thick-set man o f
about twenty-five years named M alaya. N ot long after he entered we had a
w eek of special meetings. T h e second night M alaya arose and said, “ T w o nights
ago I had a dream in which one like God came to me and said, ‘Malaya, it is
good that you have come to school to learn to read and w rite; but that is not
en ough; you must give your heart and life to me.’ ” A n d he avow ed his desire
to be true to the heavenly vision. H e has now gone to bring his w ife to the
school also.
E a rly one m orning a tall Mungoni named W eka arrived on the train from
Elizabethville. H e was well-dressed, had a trunk full o f clothes, and a well-filled
purse. H e paid his 100 francs and then gave me 125 francs to send for- his
w ife, whom he had not seen in the three years that he had been working, usually
as a forem an in the Katanga. Katende, who had been one o f M rs. Springer’s
machila carriers in 1907, when we went across country to A ngola, saw W eka
soon after a visit to Kam bove and said to him, “ I am going to school. I am
tired o f mere money getting. I have just seen my old master at Kambove, and
he has a school there and I am going back.” W eka also was heart hungry, and
a;t the close o f his month he came to school bag and baggage. Katende delayed
to w ork fo r two months more and was taken ill and died. H is death made a
great impression on W eka, who had soon yielded to the Spirit after entering
school and daily gives evidence o f a sound conversion. H e w ill never be a
brilliant scholar, but has marked ability as a leader and w ill doubtless do efficient
service fo r the M aster in a few years.
On E aster Sunday we received tw enty-tw o natives on probation. In M ay
we were able to open the night school in T ru ex Chapel near town ju st opposite
the railroad station. T h e enrollment rose to 200, but the average attendance was
thirty-five. T his school serves a shifting population, but many in the time spent
here get a start in their own language that unlocks the Scriptures to them, an
employment infinitely better than spending evenings gambling. On the outbreak
o f the w ar m artial law prevailed, and the school had to be closed as the boys
were afraid to venture out. T hese hundreds o f pupils are now widely scattered.
On their arrival at Kambove, M r. and M rs. Guptill took charge o f the
schools and most o f the routine station work. I have thus been able to get about
more. Some six thousand natives employed in railroad and mining work, and
representing practically all o f the tribes in Central A frica , have presented a
most attractive field, but through lack o f w orkers we have hardly touched it.
Colporteurs with primers, hymn books, Scriptures, etc., have visited the cam p s;
charts have been furnished w herever a literate boy would agree to teach others,
and thus the fount o f learning has been opened to many. But it seems so little
to what could have been done. O ur K atan ga Book Store has sold about 3,000
francs’ worth o f books, but has been limited through inability in the past to
obtain sufficient supplies o f the particular books required.
239
In July M rs. Springer and I made a trip o f 120 miles along railroad con
struction toward Bukama visiting camps, selling Bibles and other books, dis
tributing Christian literature to the white men along the way, and holding
services. W e need a m issionary to give his entire time to this w ork on its
resumption a fter the war.
Elizabethville
This capital o f the Katanga, with normally 700 white residents and 6,000
natives, has always presented to us a great and needy field. Up to the present
it has been without a resident Protestant minister or missionary.
Last A pril, on the request o f a Belgian physician, I went down to Elizabeth
ville and baptized his baby and another child. I took a native colporteur and
books w ith me to supply the demand that had been urged upon me by letters
from natives. T his resulted in a branch o f our Book Store being opened in
connection with a store fo r natives. But our entering this field is very remote.
On his return from a visit in A ugu st our colporteur brought a request
signed by tw enty-four Christian A fricans, mostly from Nyasaland, that I come
down and form them into a church and arrange for a meeting place fo r them.
One Joseph Jutu, employed on the local newspaper, “L ’Etoile du Congo,” in
the face o f difficulties, had held the Christian boys together. On the arrival o f
Moses, his senior and elder at home, Joseph had insisted on yielding the leader
ship to him. Moses w orks in the bank. These mission boys, most o f them
trained under D r. Law s at Livingstonia, generally, hold responsible positions
and are a valued asset to the country. Carping critics of missions and mission
boys are constantly in evidence, but their sufficient answer is daily before them
in these trusted and indispensable w orkers would they but see it. I was able
to hire a suitable place, the rent fo r which will be paid by the attendants, and
on the opening- Sabbath overflowing congregations assembled morning, a fte r
noon, and evening. Moses was installed a leader and progress was made in
selecting candidates fo r membership, fo r baptism, and for probation, looking to
the definite organization o f a society later. A night school was urgently re
quested and a start is being made in this under the direction o f Moses and
Joseph. On this visit I held a service for Europeans with a small attendance.
A n A nglican R ailw ay missioner visits Elizabethville bi-monthly, but has little
encouragement in his work.
But among the natives there is here a field ripe for the harvest, and fairly
urging and beseeching us to enter. A many-sided w ork is demanded, including
kindergarten, day schools, night schools, women’s and mothers’ classes, reading
rooms, games, social occasions, entertainments, musical education, spiritual over
sight, and a never w e a r in g evangelism, everything in fact that can lead to and
develop a better life for these natives but recently taken from heathenism and
now awake and learning— mostly the bad in absence o f the good. N o one there
is giving a thought to the safe-guarding or betterment o f most o f these.
M A D E IR A IS L A N D S D IS T R IC T
T h e M adeira Islands D istrict includes the Islands of M adeira, a Portuguese
possession, ly in g off the northwest coast of A frica.
T h e ch ief island is thirty-five
m iles long and tw enty-seven miles wide, and the population is about 150,000. T h e
agricultural products which include corn, sugar cane, and grapes, are extrem ely valu
able.
Protestantism was introduced by a physician of the Established Church of
Scotland in 1838.
L ater great persecutions follow ed under Roman Cath olic rule
and nearly 1,200 Protestants le ft the Island, and all Protestant public worship ceased.
240
E van gelica l C hristian ity again entered the Islands later, among those undertaking
work being the Rev. W m , G. Sm art and his wife, who also .conducted a Sailors
Hom e and Rest. In 1898 Bishop H artzell received them and their work and organ
ized the M ission under the M ethodist Episcopal Church.
F u n ch a l
Principal city o f the Islands, and a port for passing vessels. Population, 45.000.
H ere the M ethodist Episcopal Church possesses a large mission property with church,
school, evan gelistic work, and sailors’ rest. There are churches and schools also in
the interior at M ount Faith, Santa Crux, and M achico.
M ission aries: Rev. W . G. Sm art and Mrs. Sm art, R ev. George B. N in d (on
furlough) and Mrs. N in d (on furlough), R ev. B. R. D uarte and Mrs. Duarte, M iss
N ewton.
W i l l i a m G e o r g e S m a r t , Superintendent
The action o f the Republican government in curtailing the power o f the
Roman Catholic Church has resulted in opposition to our w ork on the part of
the priests. T h ey follow up our converts and often the patient work o f months
is apparently undone in an hour. O ur regular services are held on Tuesdays
and Fridays, and twice on Sundays. The Superintendent also conducts a M en’s
Bible Class. T his meets every M onday and has fourteen members. A similar
class for women meets every W ednesday and is in charge o f Mrs. Smart. W e
still have access to the Convent o f the “Bon Jesus” (Good Jesus), and have one
member and one adherent there. T he Sunday school convenes at noon every
Sunday after the preaching service. A bout fo rty children attend. “T he M adeira
V o id ” has been suspended fo r want o f funds, but Dr. Blake has come to our
aid and we publish the International Sunday school lessons every month.
Mount Faith Mission, of Antonio De Sevre
T he evangelistic w ork is being kept up at this station by Mr. D uarte and
Mr. Fraves. T he day and night schools are in charge o f Mr. Sineao. T he w ork
is encouraging and the services are well attended. In Machico village, on
account o f the priests, it is impossible to hold regular services, but the Rev. and
M rs. Duarte live there and exert a Protestant influence. A t Roberia Grande we
have our chapel and school conducted by the Rev. J. J. Franco, who resides there.
O ur Portuguese school in Funchal is in charge o f M iss Caroline Newton.
Enrollment, thirty. T hese children grow up, some emigrate, others are enticed
aw ay by the priests, so that it is difficult to keep up the attendance.
D uring the summer twenty-nine colored men came from Trinidad on their
w ay to Southern N igeria under contract io the British Government as telegra
phists and conductors on the Governm ent Railways, which penetrate to the
interior from L agos 1,800 miles. T h ey greatly enjoyed our services, which were
given partly in English fo r their benefit. T heir singing was an inspiration to
our Portuguese congregation. L ater another party came from Denemara, among
them a Wresleyan local preacher. W e gave them eighteen packets o f Christian
literature, thus sending some o f our Christian Advocates into the remote parts
o f British W est A frica .
Sailors’ Rest
Since the w ar commenced we have had 110 sailors, except during August,
when some o f the boys from the U. S. S. Newport enjoyed our “ Rest” and our
garden. V ery few ships are visited now fo r want o f funds to hire the steam
launches to take us out. D uring the winter we visited many liners from A m erica
and gave aw ay thousands o f tracts— German, English, and Italian.
North Africa
241
N o r t h A f r ic a M issio n Co n f e r e n c e
W ork was begun by Bishop H artzell in 1908, acting under authority o f the
General M issionary Com mittee passed in November, 1907. Th e mission was organized
in 1910, and the Mission Conference in 1913. The mission is coextensive with the
historic Barbary States, extending from the Atlantic to E gypt, a distance of about
2,400 miles, and from the M editerranean southward on an average o f about 200
miles, before reaching the very sparsely populated desert re g io n ; and has a coast
line of over 3,000 miles. T h e area o f the arable belt is approxim ately 482,100 square
miles, or ten times that o f the State of N ew York. A d din g the part of the desert
regions belonging respectively to Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Tripoli, some
580.000 square miles, brings the total area to 1,039,600 square miles, or over a third
of that of the U nited States proper, arable and arid. A lgeria has valuable forests,
including 645,000 acres of cork-oak trees. North A frica has several thousand miles
o f railroads, and in A lgeria and Tun isia are over 10,000 miles of excellent automobile
roads.
Th e population of the field, including the more accessible parts o f the desert
regions, is approxim ately 17,000,000. There are over 700,000 Europeans settled in
Algeria, the French very largely preponderating, with the Spaniards next in n u m b er;
over 200,000 in Tunisia, the Italians form ing much the larger part, and enough more
in M orocco to make the total w ell over a million Europeans. There are said to be
200.000 Jews in M orocco, 64,445 in A lgeria, 60,000 in Tunisia, and 10,000 in Tripoli,
330.000 in all.
Th e Moslem population in N orth A frica, west o f E gypt, is approxim ately
15,500,000, composed almost entirely of the descendants of the Berbers and Arabs,
the former outnum bering the latter.
N ot only in numbers, but also in vigor, in
industry, and in steadiness, the Berber is the backbone of the population.
The
A rab may be made to resist the advance of c iv iliz a tio n ; there appears to be no
reason to doubt that the Berber w ill respond readily to it and to the Gospel, and
continue to hold such parts o f the country as are unsuited to Europeans, and even
compete with them elsewhere along many lines.
N O R T H A F R IC A
M IS S IO N
CONFERENCE
(Sphere: Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Tripoli)
E
d w in
F
ie l d
F
rease,
Superintendent
O w ing to the recent changes in France as to the relation o f the churches
and religious bodies to the government, there has been uncertainty as to just
what legal standing we have as a Church or Mission in France and her colonies.
A s regularly incorporated bodies in the United States, have the Board o f Foreign
M issions and the W om an’s Foreign M issionary Society o f our Church the right
to act as such, to carry out their operations, and to hold property without any
further form alities? Is there any declaration to make or are there legal form ali
ties to go through? T o these questions widely different answers have been
given, and mission business and the renting and purchasing o f property in this
field have been done by missionaries or others as individuals. The whole matter
was being studied carefully when the decision of the W om an’s Foreign M is
sionary Society to purchase & property in Algiers, and the action o f the Board
o f Foreign Missions regarding the acquisition of one in Tunis made it necessary
to reach a conclusion as soon as possible.
The matter was discussed with Superintendent Ernest W . Bj'sshe, o f the
France Mission Conference, and missionaries of legal experience on the field.
Legal advice was taken in Paris and in Algiers. T here was no precedent to
guide us, fo r so far as we could ascertain no similar Society had yet undertaken
to operate as sudb in France. It was difficult to know just what procedure should
he takes
The pgcsensus o f legal opinion indicated that the Societies have the
242
right to purchase and hold property without form al declaration, and steps were
accordingly taken to make the purchase in A lgiers, when the opening of
hostilities interrupted for a time operations. In N ovem ber they were resumed,
and the purchase was on the point o f being consummated during the visit o f
Bishops H artzell and Anderson when at thfe last moment our advisers decided
that the safest thing was to make a declaration under the French law governing
“associations.” T his was accordingly done, but objections were made at the
office o f registry. Governor-General Luteaud, however, personally heard our
case on Decem ber 28, 1914, and gave a favorable decision, so that the necessary
legal acknowledgment o f the declaration was given on January 13, 1915, and the
required notice published in the Journal Officiel o f Paris, in its edition o f January
20, 1915. T h e day a fter the acknowledgm ent the property known as Les Aiglons
in E l Biar, A lgiers, was purchased fo r and in the name o f the W om an’s Foreign
M issionary Society o f the Methodist Episcopal Church. T h e same procedure
is being follow ed fo r the Board o f Foreign Missions.
The War
T he Italian occupation o f Tripoli, the w ar between the Balkan States and
T urkey, and the declaration o f the French protectorate in M orocco and the
operations fo r its pacification have o f course greatly interested and stirred the
Moslem populations o f N orth A frica . T he declaration o f w ar in A ugu st ushered
in another period o f anxiety. A strict censorship has made it difficult to know
exactly what has been going on, but it appears certain that with the exception o f
certain sporadic cases the Moslem populations in N orth A frica , in spite of the
action o f T urkey, have remained loyal to the French governm ent to a remarkable
degree.
Possibly the spectacle o f the mobilization o f the French troops has not been
without effect. T he quietness, method, and precision with which it was done
was amazing. It was as though an instrument o f scientific precision had been
put in motion. T h e results were striking. E veryw here were m arching men,
fu lly equipped, organized, concentrating at the ports o f embarkation for France,
the reserves filling the places o f those going to the front. Other classes have
steadily been added ever since, and as this is being w ritten columns o f marching,
singing, drilling men are passing. The prompt arrival o f a strong squadron o f
warships at A lgiers to convoy the troop ships was impressive, and no accident
has marked the steady flow o f troops to France.
On the whole the w ork has not suffered as much as might have been e x
pected, though it has been normal nowhere. A t Constantine, Emile Brieu, a
French W esleyan local preacher who was to have com pleted.his m ilitary service
in September, and then to have become pastor of our French church there, was
retained with his battery. O w in g to illness he has not been sent to the front.
Paul Villon and Gustave Lieure, French pastors, are both liable to be called
to the colors.
Attitude of Authorities
T he receptions given Bishops H artzell and Anderson, the Superintendent and
the local missionaries by the Resident General at Tunis, the P refe ct o f the D e
partment o f Constantine, the M ilitary G overnor at Oran, and the Commandant
at F ort N ational were cordial and appreciative. W h ile neiitral as to the religious
North Africa
243
side o f our work, the various authorities have expressed their appreciation o f
and sympathy with its moral, cultural, and civilizing values.
Homes for Boys and Girls
T he homes fo r boys and girls continue to be the most striking feature o f
the work, though every branch has prospered. A nother girl from the A lgiers
home has been happily married to a Christian Kabyle in the medical service o f
the government. T hree o f the older boys have commenced mission w ork, and
a fourth has been granted a scholarship by government and is now in medical
training in A lgiers. Y e t the total number in the homes has increased from
fo rty-fou r to sixty. W h at Rev. P ercy Smith says o f the Constantine B oys’
home appears to be true o f all— if support is provided, we can get children.
T his in such a Moslem field is encouraging.
Morocco
W ith a probable population o f 4,550,000, all under a French protectorate
except the small Spanish zone along the R iff and A tlantic coasts, M orocco is
now wide open to the G ospel It is rapidly being pacified, opened up, organized,
and developed under European rule. It is the nearest Moslem field to W estern
Europe and Am erica, right on the route o f travel to the Mediterranean. Y e t
the Protestant w orld is represented in M orocco by one Am erican and three
B ritish undenominational small m issionary societies. No recognized Protestant
church as such has yet entered this great field.
M orocco is politically, racially, socially, and religiously intimately bound
up with A lgeria. From the first it has been considered as part o f the sphere o f
the Mission o f the M ethodist Episcopal Church in N orth A frica. Y e t into this
wide-open, accessible, beckoning field we have been unable to go. M ay it some
how soon be possible to undertake to enter this beautiful region, already being
transform ed by the magic wand o f modern material progress and change!
Algiers
A lgeria is governm entally a part o f France proper, with three A dm in istrative
Departm ents or S t a t e s : A lgiers, Constantine, and Oran.
A lg ie rs is the capital o f A lg eria and is situated in a sem icircle about a bay
o f the M editerranean which affords an excellent harbor.
T h e foreign population
is made up o f 65.000 French, 12,000 Jews, and 43,000, others, the m ajority of whom
are Spaniards. T h e foreign section of the city is a modern town and is not unlike
European cities. T h e A rab town is situated on the steep slope of a hill, has very
narrow w in din g streets and lanes, and the usual marks of Orientalism .
M issionaries: Rev. E dw in F. Frease and Mrs. Frease.
E m ily Sm ith, M ary Anderson, and A . Dora W elch.
Other workers are Mr. and Mrs. Louis Campy and M iss Miriam Richards.
Pastor Gustave Lieure o f the French Church w rite s : “ W e have the convic
tion that it is our M aster who sent us to A lgiers. W e would not hide from
ourselves that the difficulties and obstacles in this large town are w ithout‘number.
B ut we have already experienced that they can never be too great for the power
of H im who made our own chains to fall.
“ Our effort has been specially directed toward the young people, and we
have organized an Epw orth L eague with Senior and Junior divisions, from
which we hope to secure good results. Special attention has also been given
to the Sunday school, o f which Mr. Townsend has become the Superintendent.
Believing in the power o f song, we are trying to use it in helping to make our
244
service for worship as spiritual and interesting as possible. T he parish has
been divided into four classes, with a leader for each. W e are anxious to have
a hall more suitable fo r evangelistic effort among the more populous district.
T he cause o f temperance is also on our hearts, so much needed in A lgiers.”
Paul Villon, in charge o f the Moslem work, re p o rts: “ The natives flock
hither to find work, good wages, and an easy life. But few stay, and there Ls
thus a constant flow and ebb in the population. T his presents the greatest
difficulties to connected evangelistic w ork.”
Constantine
Capital of the Departm ent of C on stantine; 65,000 inhabitants chiefly A rab, with
large French population.
L ik e all the cities of N orth A fr ic a under French rule,
the growth in European population, efficient adm inistration of governm ent, public
schools, splendid public buildings, and of the city as a whole, is remarkable.
M ission aries: Rev. James L. Lochhead and Mrs. Lochliead, R ev. Percy Smith
and Mrs. Sm ith, M iss N ora W ebb and M iss F. E. H arnden, associates.
W o r k : French and A rabic Churches, H ostels for A rab boys and g i r l s ; A rabic
Schools, and evan gelistic classes.
W ork am ong Arabs in neighboring towns.
J.
L. L
ochh ead,
It was arranged at the Conference o f May, 1912, to relieve J. L. Lochhead
to the French work. But the failure o f the French brother from Bordeaux
to come as agreed, and the retention .of Em ile Brieu in the arm y as already
mentioned, have made it necessary fo r M r. Lochhead to continue in charge of
the French work, practically stopping his evangelistic Moslem work.
Mr.
Lochhead re p o rts:
“I am glad to report that although we have been without a French pastor,
the church services have been wejl maintained, and the members without excep
tion faithful. A t our Annual Christmas Social M eeting 160 were present, and
the French Protestant Pastor M eyer made a greatly appreciated address. Since
then I have preached several times in his church. I11 the. evangelistic services,
which have been regularly conducted several nights each week, the need of
a French w orker has been especially felt, as it is most difficult fo r a foreigner
to reach the Roman Catholics, to whom Protestant appears to mean English.
Evangelistic classes fo r children have been continued in the new hall on T h u rs
days. T he A rab B oys’ E vangelistic class has also been continued. Since the
home fo r Boys has been started the parents realize more clearly what our object
is, and many are more fearfu l o f allow ing the boys to attend this class. W e find
the lantern useful in these classes.
Boys’ Home
R
ev.
P
ercy
S
m it h
in Charge
T here are now eleven boys belonging to the home proper and three who live
with their mothers but are in other respects on the same footin g with the boys
in the home. T w o young men are in training, m aking a total o f sixteen. Seven
are above sixteen years old, and we need much wisdom and grace to guide them
until settled in homes o f their own. T w o are being trained as mission workers.
One is w orking in a cycle shop, another with a watchmaker, a third is a telegraph
messenger, another has recently passed the entrance examination as a “ medical
auxiliary,” and expects to begin his studies in A lgiers shortly on an ample
government scholarship. O f the seven, six are baptized probationers, the seventh
has just been received on trial.
North Africa
245
The younger boys attend the public schools, are easy to manage, and soon
fall into the waj's o f the place. O ur great need is to have a proper building with
separate quarters for the younger and older boys. T here w ill be no difficulty
in increasing the number o f boys provided we can find their support, and the
time of the m issionary would be employed to better advantage w ith fifty boys
instead o f sixteen.
A regular service in A rabic and a Sunday school have been maintained,
with encouraging results. W e lay much stress on the learning and singing of
hymns.
Literary Work
Since Conference a few hymns have been added to our Vernacular Collec
tion. Translations of the Epistles to the Romans, Galatians, and Ephesians have
also been prepared. These we hope will be published soon with the Epistles to
the Corinthians. I am still w orking at the Psalms. It is proposed to form a
Committee for getting a uniform version for the Barbary States. W e hope
before many months the Hym n-book Catechism and Notes on the L ord’s Prayer,
the Ten Commandments, and the A postles’ Creed will be published. A grant
toward this end has been made by the W o rld ’s Sunday School Association.
R egarding the w ork among Moslem women and girls, Miss Harnden writes
that thej' come in contact with them by regular classes; visiting in the h o m es;
obtaining fo r them medical h e lp ; securing em ploym ent; and inviting those who
are friendly to the mission house. W e have seen the changes wrought in the
faces, manner, and attitude o f the women so reached.
Girls’ Home
M iss
W
ebb,
Principal ( on furlough) ; M iss
L
o veless,
A ctin g Principal
Our home is generally full, as it can accommodate onfy thirteen. T here
has been progress in everything, but the real foundation has been laid this year
in hearts and lives surrendered to Jesus Christ. T w o of the girls have intelli
gently taken their stand as Christians and are enrolled as probationers. In the
case o f Shereefa, through prayer we have had a wonderful victory. H er father,
who had neglected her since babyhood, came when she was fourteen to take her
to m arry her to a Moslem. A n interview was obtained for her grandmother and
herself with one o f the highest French officials in Constantine, with the result
that Shereefa was left free to continue her studies and to remain in the home,
and her father forbidden to interfere with her liberty.
Fort National
T h is is a large and im portant m ilitary station, located in the interior in K abilia,
a mountainous region, the ch ief center of the Kabyle or Berber population in
A lgeria.
M ission aries: Rev- J. T . C. Blackm ore and Mrs. Blackmore.
J. T . C.
B
lackm ore,
Forty-five villages are being reached by the Gospel, some o f them hearing
it fo r the very first time from Evangelical missionaries. W e were kindly
received, and seven different ones offered ground and houses fo r sale fo r the
work. Hundreds o f gospels in Kabyle, French, and A rabic have been circulated
by sale and by g ift in the markets, villages, and highways. M edical service has
246
been given with the Gospel to some 1,500 women and girls. T he medical depart
ment is a valuable part o f our work.
T he new m arket day class fo r boys at the F o rt has been a success. O ver a
hundred are registered from ten villages, and the average attendance has been
twenty-five.
D uring my absence the boys in the home were sent to A lgiers. U ntil we
are able to, purchase suitable property here it will not be possible to have them
back. It is very important that we should have a home here, and we urge the
purchase o f property quickly, as there is nothing suitable to be rented.
Oran
Oran (population, 110,000) is the capital o f the Departm ent o f Oran, the
westernm ost division of A lg eria.
It is on the coast o f the M editerranean, 266
m iles by rail southwest o f the city o f A lgiers.
More than h alf the population are
Spanish-speaking.
M ission aries: R ev. W illiam E . Low ther and Mrs. Lowther.
Other European
workers are Mr. and Mrs. W illiam Poole, and Sister Theodora Hanna, deaconess.
W . E.
L
ow th er,
T h e O ran w ork was exceedingly flourishing until the severe illness o f Mrs.
Low ther made it necessary to discontinue part o f it. Even as the great heat
came on the attendance at the meetings w as very large, and a larger hall was
suggested. T he w ork o f Sister Theodora was also very encouraging up to the
declaration o f war. She was obliged to leave when D r. and M rs. L ow ther did.
She did noble w ork and w ill be greatly missed from the field.
Gustave Jaccaud took up the w ork shortly after D r. Low ther left and recom
menced the evangelistic meetings immediately.
Tunis
Capital o f T u n isia ; under French protectorate; 250,000 inhabitants, the m ajority
being A r a b s ; 60,000 Italians, 30,000 Jews, 20,000 M a lte s e ; grow ing rapidly in fine
residences and public buildings, and in population.
M ission aries: R ev. J. H. C. Purdon and Mrs. Purdon, Rev. J. J. Cooksey and
Mrs. Cooksey, and M iss A n n ie Hammon.
W o r k : H ostels for A rab boys and g i r ls ; Bible d e p o t; colporteur, and evan
gelistic w o r k ; D ispensary for A rab women.
J. H. C.
P
urdon,
T he aspect o f our w ork has considerably altered during the past year. O ur
six w eekly services, which form erly were held at private houses in the native
quarter, have been transferred to premises opening on the one side on a main
street o f the French town, and the other into the native town, where we combine
Bible Depot and Church H all in a place capable o f accommodating 150 persons,
though as yet only seated fo r fifty. In many respects the services have been
encouraging, but minds who do not relish the truth “ taboo” the hall, and it is
difficult to secure a regular attendance.
Boys’ Hostel
There are ten boys in the hostel in charge o f M rs. Purdon. W e are required
to report to the police authorities* everj' boy received. T h e A rab authorities
then make every effort to discover some relative and bring pressure to bear to
have the boys taken from us. T his w ill likely continue until our opposers tire
o f the struggle.
North Africa
247
Trades
W e render our hearty and gratefu l recognition o f the interest taken in our
boys by the director o f their school, Monsieur Brune Chamboncel, who, acting
under the authority o f the Bureau d’ Enseignement, exerted him self to place
our boys with competent and trustw orthy masters to learn trades. Nine of
them have been so placed, going to school in the morning and to the trade in
the afternoon.
M ed ical W o r k
In this M rs. Purdon, M iss Hammon, and Miss Grissell unite their efforts,
Miss Grissell teaching the women, while Mrs. Purdon and M iss Hammon aid
Dr. Valetta. T he medical mission has seen crowded days. T he doctor’s skillful
treatment in one case led to great popularity. But we feel sure that apart from
that the women appreciate the kindly interest taken in them. T he w aiting room
has sometimes been so full that not a square foot remained empty either on
bench or floor.
24&
SOUTH AMERICA AND MEXICO
T h e M ethodist Episcopal Missions in South A m erica are in A rg e n
tina. Paraguay, U ru gu ay, Bolivia, Chile, Panama, and Peru.
Methodist Episcopal mission work was commenced in A rgentina
in December, 1836, when the R ev. John Dempster arrived in Buenos
Ayres.
T h e work in this republic is included in the Eastern South
Am erica Conference.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was commenced in P aragu ay in
1881, when the Rev. A . M . Milne and Juan Correa, a local preacher,
visited Asuncion.
T h e work in this republic is included in the Eastern
South A m erica Conference.
Methodist Episcopal mission work was commenced in U ru gu ay in
October, 1839, when the Rev. W . H. Norris arrived in Montevideo.
T h e mission work in this republic is included in the Eastern South
Am erica Conference.
Methodist Episcopal mission work was commenced in Bolivia in
1901, when Bishop Charles C. M cC abe sent the Rev. Carlos G. Beutelspacher as pastor to L a Paz.
T h e mission work in this republic is
included in the Chile Conference.
Methodist Episcopal mission work was commenced in Chile in 1877
by W illiam Taylor.
T h e work in this republic is included in the Chile
Conference.
Methodist Episcopal mission work was commenced in Panam a in
1906, when the R ev. J. C. Elkins arrived.
T h e mission work in this
republic is included in the North A ndes Mission Conference.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was commenced in Peru in
1877 when W illiam T aylo r visited the principal cities on the west coast
of South Am erica.
T h e mission work in this republic is included in
the North A ndes M ission Conference.
Methodist Episcopal mission, work was begun in M exico in 1873
by Dr. W illiam Butler, honored founder of our mission in India, whose
distinguished son, Dr. John M . Butler, is today the senior missionary
o f.o u r staff in M exico.
NO. 1 9
A R G E N T I N A , U R U G U A Y and P A R A G U A Y
L o n g itu d e
W e st
fro m
O
/
G r e e n w ic h
^ T a rija
;
1
[Humahuaca
Concepcion
CA PRICORN
R w a d a v ia O
Antofalgasi
S a ltà
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BOARD O F FOREIGN
MISSIONS
M E TH O D IS T EPISCOPAL
CHURCH
Dolores
Talcahuano *Jb Tome
C o n c e p c io n i^ o r o n e l
Angol 4 Mimici
^ Y . j Victoi
Nvrçva fTem uci
ImperialV À
fcarhue
G én éral A c h a
A R G E N T IN A
U R U G U A Y and
PARAGUAY
1 /tialcarce*
Mar de^Pl; ¿a
J o llip u lliS E r c illí
K t c c che
B a h ia B la rìci
Neuquen
Places where Methodist Episcopal
in red.
-
Valdiv]
Carm en de
P a tag o n es
“T s c a le of Statute Miles
0
100
aoo
Cable Lines: — —
R a ilro a d s :
50
Statute Miles 4U
0
100
300
50<
A TL A N T I
O C E A N
E Q U A TO R
de Ancu(
R aw son
íantarem
'herezina
ir a h ib a
¡RCHIPI
li ^TBarn
Cuzco
M atto G rosso
f •
C u yaba/
• Tim ateo
Dis¡€ariceÁ it) N um ical Miles
Punta Aréhas’to Monimíideo
Monteuidm to Rio dmJúneiro
Rio feX atteiro i i t i i v Y o r k
Rio d^yanelro to L A c J o n
-orumba
1,295
. . 1,020
4,748
5,204
’ HE M .-N .
San S alvad o r
de B ahia de f
Todofe Santos/
G o yaz
Uberaba
O uroI?reto
lPRICORN
W O RK S^BU FFA LO ,
N .Y ,
i
l S a lta
[A R G E N T I
Tucum an
Paulo
1914]
South Am erica
249
SOUTH A M E R IC A
E a s t e r n S o u t h A m e r ic a Co n f e r e n c e
Th e Eastern South Am erica Conference includes the republics o f Argentina,
Uruguay, and Paraguay. These three republics have immense wealth in agriculture
and cattle and sheep. A rgentina, w ith an area of 1,135,000 square miles, is a third
as large as the U n ited States.
She ships more corn than any other nation in the
world, and is close to the U nited States and Canada in the production of wheat,
hay, cattle, and sheep.
She has 18,000 miles of railroad and has several thousand
miles additional projected.
Uruguay, though the smallest o f the South A m erica
republics, is one of the most favored in clim ate and soil. Besides her great wealth
from stock raising and agriculture, as is even more exten sively the case with
A rgentina, U ru guay has valuable mineral deposits whose developm ent is still in
the in itia l. stage.
She has a number of rivers o f considerable size and is well
served with railroads.
Paraguay is an inland country which is divided into two
portions by the Paraguay River.
Th e western portion is p ractically w aste land,
but with possibilities, through drainage and cultivation, of great future productive
ness ; the eastern part is almost inexhaustible in fertility.
H er mineral resources
are still undeveloped.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1836, when the Rev. John
Dem pster was sent to Buenos A yres.
Th e work in this field was confined to E n g
lish-speaking and other Protestant colonies and scattered residents, until 1864.
when house-to-house work in Spanish was begun. Th e missionaries began preaching
in Spanish in 1867.
T h e first A nnual M ission m eeting was held in 1882, and the
South Am erica A nnual C onference was organized July 4. 1893.
A t the General
C onference in 1908 the name was changed to Eastern South A m erica Conference.
B U E N O S A Y R E S D IS T R IC T
Buenos A yres D istrict includes a number o f churches in and near the city of
Buenos Ayres, and the work in what are called the Cuyo Provinces.
B u en o s A y r e s
Buenos Ayres, the capital o f A rgentina, is situated on the southern bank of
the P la ta River, 175 m iles from its mouth, at a point where that river is 30 miles
wide.
It is the first city in size in South Am erica, and the second largest Latin
city in the world.
Buenos A yres is the great center of commerce and trade, and
of social and political life in A rgentina.
Buenos A yres is a progressive city.
It
has beautiful thoroughfares and parks, and numerous handsome buildings.
S ix
lines o f railroad connect the city with various other parts o f South A m erica, and
numerous steamers run to M ontevideo and the towns along the Parana and the
U ruguay as far as the confines o f B razil.
It is also in steamship connection with
ports of Europe and N orth Am erica.
Considerable m anufacturing is carried on
in Buenos A yres. It has a population o f 1,200,000, about 50 per cent o f whom are
o f foreign birth.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1836:
Other denom inations
at work here are the Church o f England, the Reformed Church of France, the
Scotch Presbyterian, the Southern Baptist, the Lutheran, the Salvation Arm y, and
the Plym outh Brethren.
M ission aries: R ev. Ernest N. Bauman and Mrs. Bauman, Miss E stelle C. Long,
M .D., Rev. W illiam P. M cLau ghlin and Mrs. M cLaughlin, Rev. Gerhard J. Schillin g
and Mrs. S ch illin g (on furlou gh), Rev. John F. Thompson and Mrs. Thompson.
W . F. M. S . : M isses C arrie A . H ilts. Abbie M. H ilts and Beryl Lo vejoy.
In stitu tion s: Publish in g House, Boca N igh t School, M ariano M oreno School.
W . F. M. S . : R ivad avia Lyceum .
Bahia Blanca
Bahia B lanca (population, 60.000) is the most important seaport in A rgen tin a
south of Buenos A yres.
From this port hundreds of thousands of tons o f w heat
and wool are shipped annually.
It is also a naval port and the site of an arsenal.
Th e population of Bahia Blanca is rapidly increasing.
M ission aries: R ev. E. A . Brinton and Mrs. Brinton, Rev. F rank J. Batterson
(on .furlough) and Mrs. Batterson (on furlough).
In stitu tio n : Sarm iento Institute,
250
Lomas de Zamora
Lomas de Zamora (population, 30,000) is a suburb of Buenos A yres w ith which
it is connected by electric railw ay and by telephone. Its streets are well paved and
shaded.
M ission aries: Rev. W illiam E . M yers (on furlou gh), R ev. M. E . W olcott.
Mercedes
M ercedes is a city of 18,000 inhabitants, about 66 miles west of Buenos A yres,
with w hich it is connected by three lines o f railroad.
Several commercial con
cerns are located here, and a number of fine schools.
In stitu tio n s: N icholas Low e Institute and the E van gelical Orphanage.
G
erhard
J.
S
c h il l in g
,
Superintendent
Commercial situation o f the Argentine, even before the outbreak o f the
European war, has not been the best. In this Province the winter has been very
wet and the inundations o f 1913 have been repeated. W hole districts have been
under w ater fo r so long a time that the season fo r sowing has passed unem
ployed. These wet seasons have greatly influenced the trade in agricultural
machinery, a most important branch o f commerce between the United States
and this Republic.
T he last session o f the A nnual Conference, held in Rosario under the presi
dency o f Bishop Stuntz, was blessed by a p ow erful revival. N o such m anifesta
tion o f the Spirit had ever been known here and the preachers returned to their
appointments under a blessed evangelistic uplift.
D r. Thom son has been appointed to the office o f Conference Evangelist. H e
has traveled in Argentine and U ruguay and all charges have been stirred by his
appeals and hundreds during the year have felt a new impulse toward Christ.
T his appointment has removed Dr. Thomson from the pastorate o f Second
Church, Buenos A yres. Because o f the scarcity o f workers the Superintendent
was sent to fill the vacancy.
A New Mission Station
D urin g the first week o f the year, by invitation o f one o f its citizens, we
visited fo r the first time the city o f Patagones on the Rio N egro R iver at the
extrem e south o f this province. T his point cannot be reached in less than fifty
hours o f travel from Buenos A yres. So hearty was our reception that we de
cided to occupy the station permanently and Bishop Stuntz read out the appoint
ment. A W elsh farm er offered us the permanent use o f his city house, situated
in the best part o f the town. A t a lecture given there in the Spanish Theater,
120 people attended, although admission was by ticket. A H olland nobleman,
Count A . de Kiehl, converted in our w ork in P araguay in 1912, is now in charge
o f Patagones circuit.
Educational
T he scholastic w ork in this district is confined to five in stitutions: the
“ Escuela R ivadavia,” our girls’ school in Flores, the Lomas, Bahia Blanca,
Junin Schools and our new school— W ard School— in Buenos A yres. T h e W ard
School is a business college. T h is school w ill be incorporated into the curriculum
o f the national educational system and graduation from it w ill carry admission
into the State Universities.
Evangelical Orphanage. Rev. E. N . Bauman has personally applied himself
to the task o f renovating the orphanage buildings. A farm donated to the or
phanage years ago by Don Nicholas L ow e has been cultivated fo r the first time
Eastern South America
1914]
251
by us. A t M ercedes a Y . M. C. A . has been fo rm e d ; more than one hundred
young men have joined, many o f whom are students at the N ational College.
M r. Bauman and his assistant, J. S. Pardias, are in charge o f the w ork at
Mercedes.
T he M ethodist Press has had its best year, having paid most o f its old debt
and carried the agent’s salary besides.
W o rk in Latin countries is not like w ork in pagan lands. There is no
turning o f tribes nor any mass movement. A ll is handpicked w ork and that
among many a bramble, many a thorn. In such a w ork another year has rolled
by. F aith fu l pastors have stood by their congregations. A nd w e are happy
under the inspiring leadership o f Bishop Stuntz.
T he churches in the Capital are holding their own. There are no outstand
ing victories to report. T he w ar among the two nations which have always
stood as representatives o f European Protestantism, Germany and England, has
been extensively used by the friends o f Rome to bring discredit upon the Evan
gelical faith. “ Y o u do not love your enemies any better than w e” is a remark I
have heard several times during the last weeks. Y e t there have been accessions
in almost all o f our churches. Last year attention was drawn to the fact o f
the m igratory character o f our members, and it is still true that for every three
members we gain by probation we lose one by removal into the interior.
N O R T H E R N D IS T R IC T
Northern D istrict comprises thirteen provinces o f the A rgentine Republic, a
territory equal in extent to seven eighths o f the U n ited States east of the Mississippi,
and the Republic o f Paraguay with an area o f 150,000 square miles.
It is not
densely populated, but the people are gen erally w illin g to listen to the Gospel, so
that wherever a preacher goes he is invariably sure of getting an audience.
R o sa rio de S a n ta F e
Rosario de Santa F e (population, 190,000) is situated on the south bank of
the Parana R iver, about 250 miles from its mouth. It is one o f the principal ports
o f Argen tin a, being second to Buenos A yres in size and importance. I t is a great
shipping port for wheat and livestock, and is visited not only by river steamers but
also by ocean-going vessels.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1864. The Church o f E ngland
is also at work here.
M i s s i o n a r i e s R ev. G ustav A . W erner (on furlough) and Mrs. AVerner (on
furlough). W . F. M. S .: M isses Grace Barstow and Blanche Rubright.
In stitu tio n : W . F . M. S . : N orth Am erican Academ y.
Asuncion
Asuncion (population, 80.000), the capital of Paraguay, is situated on the left
bank o f the Paraguay River, at the point of its confluence w ith the Pilcom ayo.
at work here are the Church M issionary Society, the Seventh D a y A dven tists, the
South A m erica Inland M ission, the Plym outh Brethren, and the Salvation Arm y.
C h as.
J. T
urner,
D istrict Superintendent
T he outstanding feature o f the w ork is the A nnual Conference session held
at Rosario de Santa F e early in the year, and its beneficent effect upon all the
churches. F o r the first time in the history o f this Conference the churches at
A lejan dra, Canada de Gomez, Rosario T ala, and Venado Tuerto w ere visited
by a Bishop o f the M ethodist Episcopal Church. A s a result o f these visits
sixty-seven w ere converted.
252
[1914
A nother important feature o f our year’s w ork has been the opening up o f
the two important cities o f Santa F e and Tucuman, each being the capital city o f
a province o f the same name. Santa Fe, with 70,000 inhabitants, is situated on
an estuary o f the great Parana River. It is a U niversity city and a port o f much
commercial value. Pastor A . G. Tallon, assigned to this pioneer work, holds
services in three sections o f the city and ten people have been received into the
church as a result o f these months o f initial effort.
Tucuman, called by the A rgentines “the garden o f the Republic,” may be
termed “the Emporium” o f the North. There are 95,000 inhabitants. T he Rev.
W illiam W enberg has been appointed to this field.
From the church at Cordoba, the pastor, Paul Penzotti, reports a crowded
church, twenty-seven new members in full connection and the immediate neces
sity o f enlarging the church hall to accommodate the grow ing congregation.
Rosario Spanish Church— Pastor, F. A . Barroetavena. T he influence o f
this church is far-reaching. A s the result o f a visit to Rosario church o f a
certain station agent from A lvarez, a new church with a congregation o f ninety
has been established at the latter city.
A new church hall and school house were dedicated early in A ugu st in the
southern section o f Rosario by Bishop Stuntz, and a supply preacher has been
appointed to the work.
T he A m erican Church at Rosario, Rev. G. A . W erner, pastor, has had a
prosperous year. A few accessions have been recorded and as a valuable adjunct
to the general activities o f the church a school enterprise has been started and
about fo rty young people attend the classes.
In spite o f phenomenal rainfall during the current year and tremendous
losses in many o f the farm ing districts, as also an unprecedented commercial
crisis, our churches have struggled bravely with the problems o f self-support,
and the net showing fo r the year compares very favorably with the best o f the
years that have gone.
URUGUAY
D IS T R IC T
U ru guay D istrict includes the republic o f U ru guay and the eastern section of
the A rgen tin e P rovin ce o f E ntre Rios, an approximate area of 85,000 square miles,
w ith a population o f more than 1,100,000.
A s in the other districts o f this Con
ference, the predom inant language is Spanish, the civilization H ispano-Am erican,
and the problem the evangelization o f a people whose traditions are Roman Catholic,
w hile their religion has lost its spiritual and moral power over the larger number
of the inhabitants, among whom indifferentism and irreligion are all but universal.
W h ile the fiction of the union o f church and state is maintained, ultraliberal senti
m ent has led to the establishm ent o f religious liberty and exclusively, civil control
o f public instruction, cemeteries, and the marriage contract in its civil aspects.
Montevideo
M ontevideo is a city o f 300,000, built partly beside the A tla n tic Ocean and partly
beside the Plata R iver.
It is the capital of the republic o f U ruguay.
It is in
connection by steamer with Buenos A yres and also with Europe and N orth Am erica.
M ontevideo is one o f the most beautiful o f Am erican cities.
O ther denom inations
at work here are the A n glican Church (no Spanish w ork), the B aptist Church
(Southern), the W aldensian Church, and the Lutheran Church.
M issionaries: Mr. N . B liss D ee and Mrs. Dee, Rev. Charles W . Drees (absent
,on leave) and Mrs. Drees (absent on leave). Rev. George P. Howard and Mrs.
Howard, Frank M. Purdy (on furlough) and Mrs P u r d y (on furlou gh), R ev. S. P.
C raver and Mrs. Craver. W . F. M. S . : M isses Jennie Reid and E lizabeth M alvin.
In stitu tion s: North A m erican A cad em y for Y o u n g M en, T h eological Sem inary.
W . F. M .
: Crandon Institute for G irls and Y o u n g W omen.
1914]
Eastern South America
G. P.
H
ow ard,
253
Superintendent
The year has been a disastrous one financially. The economic crisis which
existed has been aggravated by the European war, and the business depression
has made itself felt in all quarters and upon all phases o f our work. H owever,
the reports o f the various churches are encouraging, the contributions have not
fallen away and all payments have been made as usual.
M cCabe Memorial Church— Pastor, J. E. Gattinoni. A Spanish-speaking
congregation, having 246 in full connection, 139 on probation, and 500 adherents.
T w o Sunday schools meet in McCabe Hall, the large basement assembly hall
seating 600 people. The first Sunday school meets in the m orning with an
attendance o f 200 and the other in the afternoon with 50 children. A m ong the
teaching forces there is a University P ro fesso r and a Judge o f the Supreme
Court o f Uruguay. T w o other Sunday schools are carried on in different parts
o f the city by a w orking force from this congregation. Under the leadership o f
Miss Norville, W o rld ’s Temperance Union Missionary, an important w ork is
being done along the lines o f scientific temperance instruction. T he congrega
tion is entirely self-supporting and the church building costing $65,000 is the
finest Protestant church on the continent.
T he Am erican Church at M ontevideo— G. P. Howard, pastor. This is the
English-speaking congregation that worships in M cCabe Memorial Church. The
congregation is made up mostly o f English non-conformists and Am ericans.
Dr. Craver, o f the Theological Seminary, has taken charge o f the services o f the
church while the pastor was away on the district.
A guada Church at M ontevideo has its own church property and parsonage
valued at $18,000. M embership: in full connection, 114; probation, thirty-five;
adherents, 400. The church has four Sunday schools with a total attendance o f
275. Santa Lucia Church is supplied by a student from our Theological Semin
ary. There are thirty-tw o church members, seventeen probationers, and 100 ad
herents. Mercedes Church has a membership o f sixty-nine in full connection,
forty-tw o probationers, and 150 adherents. The chapel is valued at $5,000.
T he pastor was form erly a Roman Catholic priest. Durazno Church has thirty
members, nineteen on probation, and 150 adherents. The church and parsonage
are valued at $5,500. A t Trinidad the church membership is forty-six, proba
tioners twenty-three, and adherents 200. O ur chapel is valued at $8,000 and is
free from debt. T h e church at Colon has seventy-six in full connection, nine
on probation, and 100 adherents. Paysam du Church has no building, but patient
w ork on the part o f the pastor has resulted in twenty-five members in full con
nection, forty-tw o probationers, and 100 adherents. The chapel at Concordia is
valued at $10,000 and the parsonage at $5,000. A t Penarol our chapel is too
small to accommodate the rapidly grow ing congregation. T he average attend
ance at the services is 100 and there are 140 in the Sunday school.
Crandon Institute for G irls— Principal, M iss Jennie Reid. Enrollment, 140.
Receipts fo r the year from tuition have been $3,600.
N orth A m erican Academ y for Y o u n g Men— Principal, Norm an B. Dee.
Enrollm ent eighty and receipts from tuition $2,600. This and the girls’ school
have their own property.
T he Theological Sem inary— Dr. Samuel T . C raver in charge. There are
seven students.
254
Ch i l e Co n f e r e n c e
T h e Chile Conference includes the republics o f Chile and B olivia.
C hile has a coast line of about 2,700 miles, and varies in width from 68 to
250 m iles; its area is 292,580 square miles, and its population 3,415,060.
Its chief
industries are mining, agriculture, and stock-raising. It is a country rich in fruits
and with extensive forests.
Chile is one o f the ch ief m ineral-producing countries
o f South Am erica, being the principal source o f the w orld’s supply of nitrate of
soda, also o f iodine and borax. Chile has large w ealth o f copper, for years leading
the world in its production.
H er m anufactures are increasing in importance, and
railroad facilities are rapidly extending.
C hile is m aking great im provem ent in
prim ary and h igher education. T h e percentage o f foreigners is not large, but they
are ve ry influential, tak in g the lead in all the great industrial movem ents. Spanish
is the universal language in Ch\le, though some o f the Indians speak their own
language only. T h e great m ajority o f the native Chileans are o f m ixed Indian blood,
though the Indian strain is much less pronounced than in M exico, and even in
Peru or Bolivia.
B olivia has an area o f 708,195 square miles and a population o f 2,267,935. O f the
latter 50.9 per cent are Indians and 27.6 per cent are m ixed blood.
T h e country
has great mineral w ealth, including va st deposits o f silver and tin. T h e gold m ining
is of less importance, but copper is abundant.
There are great forests and vast
stretches o f fine farm ing land adapted to the raising o f wheat, corn, fruits, coffee,
cotton, and rubber.
B o livia is difficult of access because it is separated from the
coast by the high An des range, ye t there are two railroads that extend from ports
on the Pacific to L a Paz, and a third is nearing completion.
A rgen tin a from the
south and B razil from the east are exten din g railw ays into Bolivia.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work in western South A m erica was begun by
W illiam T a y lo r in 1877. It was organized into the W estern South A m erica M ission
C onference in 1897, and into an A n n u al C onference in 1901.
T h e General C on
ference in 1904 divided the W estern South A m erica C onference and constituted
the A n d es C onference (now called the Chile C on ference) and the N orth A ndes
M ission.
D u rin g the first tw en ty years the m issionary w ork in C h ile was done
la rgely through schools. Through the generous g ifts o f Anderson F ow ler and others,
properties to the value o f $200,000 had been secured, and w ell-organized schools of
h igh grade, manned chiefly w ith m issionary teachers, were h avin g a decided in
fluence on the country. E van gelistic w ork am ong the natives was begun in 1891.
B O L IV IA
D IS T R IC T
B olivia D istrict includes the whole of the republic o f B olivia, the third republic
o f South A m erica in size.
It has an area equal to that o f Germ any, France, the
British Isles and Japan, w ith the states of N ew Ham pshire, N ew Jersey, and Con
n ecticut thrown in to fill up the corners. T h e m ountains o f B olivia are stored with
rich deposits o f gold, silver, and copper, and it is one o f the greatest tin producing
countries in the world. T h e country has great trackless forests and vast areas of
valuable farm lands that are w aitin g to enrich future settlers.
It is tru ly a Land
o f Prom ise, for its great resources are as yet undeveloped.
La Paz
L a P a z (population about 80,000), the real capital o f B olivia, is situated near
Lake T iticaca, in a great crater 12,000 feet above sea level.
Th e president of the
republic, m inisters o f state, and all foreign diplomats live here. Congress convenes
in L a Paz, and all other official business is transacted here excepj: that o f the supreme
court. L a P a z is connected with ports on the Pacific by three railroads.
M ission aries: Mr. G. M. M cB ride and Mrs. M cBride, Rev. C. F. H artzell and
Mrs. H artzell, Mr. W . I. Gholz, Mr. C . A . Irle and M rs. Irle, M iss M innie M.
Huckett, Mr. E . A . Robinson and Mrs. Robinson, Mr. R. G. Burns and Mrs. Burns.
C o ch ab am b a
M ethodist Episcopal mission w ork begun in 1912.
M issionaries: Rev. J. E. W ashburn and Mrs. W ashburn, R ev. J. A . Brownlee
and Mrs. Brownlee, Mr. F. S. Beck and Mrs. Beck, Mr. S. P. Sm ith, Rev. C. S.
NO. 2 0
( IU L E and B O L I V I A
Longitude
West
from
G reenw ich
I V illa Bella
M E T H O D I S T E P IS C O P A L
i R iberaflta
CHURCH
( H IL E and B O L I V I A
armen i f \ » o 1,1
Places where Methodist Episcopal
in red.
Pau
60
100
Railroads :
A R' E c ,
. S.R osa
\ \
/
San Juan
'
Pauza *
200
Cable Lines; *--------
L•
T itica ca
R
z u
v
L
fO B
• San X av ier
A requipa
A
fatto Grosso
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1914]
Chile
255
Braden and Mrs. Braden, Mr. H. A . N ordahl and Mrs. Nordahl, Mr. E . F . Herman
and Mrs. Herman.
N o report.
NORTH ERN
D IS T R IC T
Northern D istrict includes the provinces of Tacna, Tarapaca, and A ntofagasta,
in the northern part o f Chile. T h e area of the district is 74,161 square miles, and
the population is 300,000.
In this district are vast quantities of nitrate of soda,
the largest deposits in the world.
There is also an abundance of iodine, borax,
silver, and copper.
M in in g and exporting of minerals furnishes employment for
many.
T h is region is a dry desert, most uninviting in appearance.
T h e water is
brought from the distant mountains and the food supplies are brought by ship.
T h e Am erican Presbyterian Church has a small work in the district, in charge
of native preachers.
Iqu ique
Iquique (population, 40,171) is the capital o f the province o f Taracaca, situated
on the coast, 200 m iles north of A ntofagasta. It is the largest and most important
town between Callao, Peru, and Valparaiso.
Iquique has good streets, good stores,
and several banks.
Th ere is considerable shipping in the harbor engaged in the
nitrate trade.
T h e Seventh D ay
A d ven tists are at work here.
M issionaries: Rev. H arry L. A llen and Mrs. A llen, Rev. E dw in D . K izer and
Mrs. N an cy A . K izer (contract), M iss M ae Kirchner, Rev. W illiam T . Robinson
and Mrs. Robinson (on furlough).
In stitution : Iquique E nglish College.
No report.
Wm. T.
R o b in s o n ,
Superintendent
C E N T R A L D IS T R IC T
T h e Central D istrict includes ten provinces o f Chile, from Atacam a on the
north to Linares on the south, w ith an area of over 70,000 square miles, and a
population o f nearly 1,600,000. T h e northern part of the district was famous for
years as the leading copper-producing region of the world.
T h e valleys o f the
central part are noted for the production of most excellent fruits, the raisins o f the
Huasco V a lley being especially famous.
Th e southern provinces are devoted to
general agriculture and fruit-raising, the clim ate therein being m ild and the soil
fertile.
Th e present Central D istrict was formed in 191 o by the com bining o f the former
Central D istrict with the form er Santiago D istrict.
There are two missions at
work in the Central D istrict, the Presbyterian and the M ethodist Episcopal.
S a n tia go
Santiago (population, about 325,000) is the geographical and political center
of Chile.
It is 52 miles east by southeast from the port o f Valparaiso, and 116
miles by rail. It is situated in a fertile plain.
Santiago has great municipal build
ings, an im posing cathedral, fine churches, pleasant tree-lined streets, and parks.
W ith the exception o f San Francisco, Santiago is the most populous city on the
Pacific slope. It is in railroad connection with various parts of Chile and also w ith
Buenos A yres.
Because it is the center of a centralized national governm ent the
revenues o f the country flow into Santiago.
H ere reside those connected with the
legislative and adm inistrative departments o f the governm ent and m any w ealthy
fam ilies.
in the U n ited States o f A m erica is at work here.
M issionaries: R ev. W illiam H . T eeter and Mrs. Teeter, 'M r , G. E. Sch illin g
and Mrs. Schilling, E lizabeth Cronin, Bessie C. H owland (on fu rlou gh ), M yrta M.
K eeler (contract), and M arjorie L o v e jo y / M r . L. W aym an Ogden and M rs. Ogden,
Rev. W illiam F. R ice (on furlough) and Mrs. R ice (on furlou gh), Rev. W illiam A .
Sh elly and Mrs. Shelly, A lice H aydenburk, Lora C. Catlin, and Ruth Byer.
In stitu tion s: G irls’ College, Publishing House.
256
Valparaiso
Valparaiso (population, 162,447) is the principal port on the Pacific south of
San Francisco.
Th ere is a large foreign population, the E nglish element being
especially influential.
It is probably the most A n g licize d o f all South Am erican
towns. It w as the first city in South A m erica to introduce modern inventions. Th e
harbor is spacious but not w ell protected.
Several times in h eavy storms steamers
anchored in the harbor have dragged anchor or snapped their chains and have gone
down from collision w ith each other or from h avin g drifted on the rocks.
Th e
business part o f the town was nearly destroyed, and the residence part suffered badly
from the terrible earthquake o f 1906, but the town is rapidly recovering. In recon
structing the city, great im provem ents were planned, such as w idening and straight
enin g the streets.
o f the U n ited States of A m erica also has w ork here.
W
il l ia m
H.
T
eeter,
Superintendent
Central D istrict has within its bounds the two largest cities o f Chile, namely,
Santiago and Valparaiso. Santiago has a population o f about 500,000 p eo p le; it
is the geographical and political, and social center o f Chile. It abounds with
Roman Catholic churches, but not with worshipers. M any people as you meet
them upon the streets o f Santiago from all appearances might be citizens o f
N ew Y o rk City. In other words, much o f the white population o f Chile is
nothing more or less than a Latinized A n glo-Saxon populace, chiefly differing
from other A n glo-Saxo n nations in the matter o f language.
Religious Conditions
■ It is a very difficult matter fo r a N orth A m erican to appreciate religious
conditions in South Am erica. A form o f Christianity has existed in South
A m erica fo r th ree centuries. But, unfortunately, it has been a form which has
insistent^ and persistently tended to keep the people in ignorance and super
stition. T his has had two effects. T he one has been to estrange the cultured
and educated people from all form s o f Christianity, leaving them in the grip
o f unbelief, agnosticism, and atheism. One o f the most cultured gentlemen in
Chile said frankly that he was a pantheist, and yet his inclinations and his
attitude favors Protestant Christianity. A nother influential man o f Chile said
to-me, “ W h y do you not do something fo r our wom en? W e men are all with
you, we believe what you believe, everything that you preach, but the church
holds our women.” The old church has failed in that she has not given that
spiritual food which is necessary fo r the well-being o f the spiritual life.
This form o f religion has built up a caste system which is almost as strong
as the caste system o f the Orient. T here are but two classes in South Am erica,
the people o f culture and those who work. W e lack in Chile that, strong middle
class which is the hope o f any nation. T he individual who labors must fo r
ever expect to be a laborer; his children can expect to be little more than
laborers. T h e intellectual reach o f the poor laboring class is very limited indeed.
T hese people are held in subjection and dominated by the priesthood. W e
find the priesthood dom inating the liberal-minded people because o f the fact
that they can practically bring about social ostracism to the person who dares
accept Protestantism and take a religious stand different from their own.
T o show how far-reaching the hand o f the church is, we ourselves have
been made to feel this effect by the fact that the renting o f houses fo r our
m issionary w ork has been made impossible by the priests when it was learned
that we were Protestants and expected to carry on the Protestant “propaganda.”
Chile
Evangelistic Work
In the past year our E vangelistic w ork has not made any large gains, but
we have made some advance on every pastoral charge in the entire district, and
I believe that in the year which we are ju st entering w e w ill move forw ard
more rapidly. W e have had a net gain on this district o f three hundred mem
bers. O ur preachers arc becoming more cautious as to whom they admit into
membership and are doing better w ork in preparing the people before they are
admitted into full membership.
O ur E vangelistic w ork has been carried on very largely among the poorer
classes. This m ay have its advantages, biit it has also its disadvantages. W e
cannot hope to create a self-m aintaining church if we depend upon people to
support this church who are at all times in abject poverty. Then, too, when
we have only the poor in our church it is difficult to get the better class o f people
to come to listen to our teaching and preaching. I f we ever hope to do anything
for this land, we must strive to make the church here self-supporting. This
cannot be done unless we gather in people who are able to support the church.
A nd there is not lack o f material fo r hundreds o f thousands o f people who
refuse to have anything to do with the old church. Chile is more open to the
preaching o f the Gospel o f Jesus Christ to-day than she has ever been.
Educational Work
O ur educational system has been the means o f bringing about a more than
ordinary national educational system in Chile. The very fact that our Missions
have persisted in sending well educated men and women to this coast fo r educa
tional purposes has been the means o f demonstrating to the people o f Chile that
Protestant M issions are here to help them better the conditions o f the people
and not to take aw ay from them.
A ll along this coast I am constantly meeting men and women who were
educated in our schools. I find that these are the people who are really doing
things and who realize the extent o f Chile’s need. T h ey have higher ideals, a
larger outlook, and a greater sense o f responsibility than the people who have
been educated in the Romish schools. W e register a very small percentage of
these people as members o f the Methodist Episcopal Church, still it is through
their influence that we are gaining the greater religious liberty.
Santiago College
Santiago College is one o f the oldest Mission schools on this coast, and
one o f the best schools fo r ycu n g ladies in all South A m erica. T h e influence
for good w hich has gone out from this Institution can never be estimated.
Enrollment, 300.
The Evangelical Bible Seminary
T h is is a joint sem inary fo r the training o f the M inistry o f all the E van
gelical churches in Chile. T h e school is supported and directed by the Presby
terian and M ethodist Missions, but is open to students o f all other denomina
tions, T h is is, we believe, our greatest hope. T he day when w e can issue a
license to a man w ithout training and start him out preaching and hope fo r
him to make large headway is passed; we must have a M inistry capable, conse
crated, educated, sound in doctrine, energetic, and hopeful. W e believe that
this can be brought about by the thorough education given in our seminary.
258
[1914
SO U T H E R N D IS T R IC T
Southern D istrict includes eleven provinces, with an area o f 81,933 square miles
and a population o f 1,323,691.
T h e ch ief industries are fruit-raising, especially
o f gr a p e s; wheat, stock-raising, lumbering, and coal mining. T h e fine forest lands
o f Chile begin in the northern part of this district and exten d southward.
The
southern part was called Patagonia in the geographies o f forty years ago, the home
o f the brave, hardy Araucanian Indians, who probably possess the best physique of
any of the Am erican Indian races. F or three hundred years after the Spaniards had
made their conquests and had established themselves, in the different parts o f South
A m erica these Indians m aintained their freedom. W ith in com paratively recent times
the lands occupied by them have been opened to settlement, they being allow ed to
retain a part o f the land. T h is region, which includes more than one h a lf o f the
Southern D istrict, is called la frontera (fron tier).
T h e great advance o f Chile in
recent years has been chiefly in this region, and here our evangelistic work has met
w ith the largest returns.
Concepción
Concepción (population, 55,000) is the third city in C h ile in population.
It is
situated about the center o f the district, on the banks o f the B io -B io R iver, about
seven miles from its mouth. It is the Roman C atholic episcopal see and the capital
o f the province o f Concepción. It is also the com m ercial center o f southern Chile.
It is situated 238 m iles south o f Valparaiso by sea, and 365 m iles from Santiago
by rail.
I t was founded before any city in the U n ited States, and was the first
capital o f C hile under the Spanish viceroys. T h e principal coal mines on the w est
coast o f South A m erica are near Concepción.
M ethodist Episcopal m ission w ork was begun in 1878. O ther M ission Boards at
w ork here are the Board o f F oreign M issions o f the Presbyterian Church in the
U . S. A ., and the C hristian and M issionary Alliance.
M ission aries: R ev. Goodsil F. A rm s and Mrs. Arm s, R ev. Paul Barnhart and
Mrs. Barnhart, M iss V irgin ia Bennett, R ev. Buel O . Cam pbell (on furlough) and
M rs. Cam pbell (on furlou gh), R ev. W alter D. Carhart and Mrs. Carhart, M isses
A lic e H . F ish er and E uretta M eredith, D oroth y M. Richard, M ary L. Snider, and
C ora M. Starr,t M r. Ir vin g W hitehead.
In stitu tio n s: A m erican C ollege (for bo ys), G irls’ College.
Am erican capital is now almost in full control o f the rich copper and iron
mining in Chile. Am ericans are entering more and more into the nitrate of
soda industry. Am erican m anufacturers are seeking to open markets here, and
a little later A m ericans m ay be eating in the months o f January, February, and
M arch the luscious fru its which Chile better perhaps than any other place on
the globe can provide during these months.
T w o new churches have ju st been completed, one in Concepción and one
in N ueva Imperial. T h e church at Concepción has a capacity o f 600, and cost,
not including the value o f the ground, $6,000. M ost o f this amount was raised
am ong the church members. T h e other new church is about the same size,
though it cost but $1,600. T h e membership in the churches in the Southern
D istrict has increased ten per cent. In certain places the increase has been
even greater.
Concepción College fo r Girls— Principal, G. F. A r m s ; Directress, M rs. G.
F. A rm s; T each ers: M iss M ary Snider, M iss P earl Bills, M iss E uretta Meredith,
M iss V irgin ia Bennett, M iss A lice H . Fisher, M iss Bessie H owland, and Mrs.
Elm a Allen. Enrollment, 250.
N otwithstanding the crisis brought on by the w ar a fte r a very bad harvest,
one h alf o f the income o f the Government being cut off, the peso now worth
but fourteen cents instead o f twenty, the nitrate and other industries largely
closed, commerce greatly diminished, and very many out o f employment, Con-
P t i i 'i i .s
ok
T h K G ir l s ' S c h o o l a t
S a n t i a g o , C h i l i -:,
S. A.
Chile
1914]
¿59
cepcion C o lle g e w ill p a y all ru nn ing e xp en ses and interest, an d red u ce its d ebt
fo r b u ild in g an a n n e x o f $3,000 b y $400.
T h e re ligio u s in te re st a m o n g th e g irls
o f th e C o lle g e has been v e r y g r a tify in g .
A m e r ic a n
C o lle g e
fo r
B o y s — P rin cip al,
B.
O.
C a m p b e ll;
T each ers:
M r.
I r v in g W h ite h e a d , M is s C o r a M . S tarr, M is s M y r ta K e e le r , M r. J. C. F . H a r
rin gton , and M rs. H a r r in g to n .
M A G E L L A N D IS T R IC T
M agellan D istrict is in the extrem e southern part o f Chile, centerin g about
Punta A renas. T h e area is 66,193 square m iles, and the popu lation 17,330, m ore
than h a lf o f w h ich is in Punta A renas (S an d y P o in t). T h ere is som e coal m ining,
also g old m ining o f small im portance, and lum ber industry. T he c h ie f industry is
sheep raising, som e farm s having from 50,000 to 60,000 sheep.
P u n ta A ren a s
Punta A renas is a busy shipping tow n o f 12.000 inhabitants, on the Strait o f
M agellan. It is a port o f call fo r all steam ers passing through the strait.
M ethodism entered Punta A renas with a co lo n y o f em igrants from farther
north in 1898. T he first visit o f a M ethodist m issionary was m ade
in N ovem ber,
1902. T he first m issionaries to reside here arrived in M arch, 1907.
Missionaries: Rev. John L. R eeder and M rs. R eeder (o n fu rlo u g h ).
Included in the Southern D istrict.
2Ô0
N o r t h A n d e s M is s io n Co n f e r e n c e
T h e N orth A n des M ission C onference includes all of South A m erica not in
cluded in the E astern South A m erica and the C hile Conferences, nam ely, Peru,
Ecuador, Colombia, Panam a, Venezuela, and the Guianas.
O f these countries we
have work only in Peru and Panam a.
Peru has an area o f 695,730 square miles
and a population o f about 3,000,000.
It is rich in minerals, including gold, silver,
copper, lead, and quicksilver.
S ilver m ining is the ch ief industry.
Irrigation is
, exten sively used, and abundant crops of sugar, cotton, rice, and tobacco are pro
duced. Panam a is the republic o f the Isthm us and comprises an area o f 31,570 square
miles, most of which is but sparsely settled.
Its natural resources are important,
but are undeveloped.
T h ere are large banana, coffee, orange, lemon, coconut,
and rubber plantations. Colon, on the northern side of the Isthmus, is the trading
center for the A tla n tic C o a s t ; a railroad connects this port with Panam a, the
capital o f the republic, on the southern side.
T h e General C onference in 1904 divided the W estern South A m erica C on
ference and constituted the N orth A n des Mission.
It appears as a M ission Con
ference in the D isciplin e o f 1908.
PANAM A
D IS T R IC T
Panam a D istrict includes the E nglish and Spanish w ork of the M ethodist
Episcopal Church in the republic o f Panam a and the Canal Zone.
T h e republic
is 450 miles lo ng and from 37 to about 200 miles wide.
There are about 350,000
inhabitants, about 5,000 o f whom are Am ericans. A m on g the rest are representatives
o f nearly every country.
T h e Panam anians are a m ixture o f Spanish and Indian
blood.
Panama
Panam a (population, 50,000) is one of the oldest cities o f the N ew W orld,
h avin g been founded in 1513.
It is a typical Spanish-A m erican city, situated on
Panam a Bay. T h e streets are narrow but are well paved and clean. Th e plazas are
ideally located and w ell kept.
T h e w ater is piped from a mountain stream near
Culebra.
T h e population is cosmopolitan.
M ethodist E piscopal m ission work was begun in 1906.
M issionaries: R ev. H arry Com pton and Mrs. Compton, R ev. Charles W . Ports
and Mrs. Ports.
In stitu tion : Am erican College o f Panam a..
H
arry
C
om pto n ,
Superintendent
N ote : T he Secretaries report with much regret that the Rev. H arry Com p
ton, while returning from service on the last Sunday in November, was struck
by an automobile and seriously injured. M r. Compton is still in a critical condi
tion, but his physician believes he w ill recover.
American Congregation
N otwithstanding the large number o f Am ericans that have been dismissed
from the w ork on the Isthmus on account o f the finished condition o f the canal,
thus reducing the number o f A m ericans in Ancon, the attendance o f the Sea
W all Church continues about the same, an average o f seventy-five. Since the
canal has been finished the number o f tourist's visiting the Isthmus has greatly
diminished, and the tourist season, which is only three or four months o f the
year, has not brought as many strangers to the churches o f Ancon and Panam a
as form erly.
Gospel Teams
The laymen o f the Sea W a ll Church have furnished the w orkers for the
Guachapali Mission, and have organized gospel teams fo r holding meetings in
the streets nearly every night during the week. T he Sea W a ll Church also
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THE MATTHEWS-NORTHRUP WORKS. BUFFALO, N. V.
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261
furnishes a superintendent and teachers fo r the Guachapali Sunday school. T he
laymen o f the church are largely taking care o f the prison services, which are
held at the penitentiary every Sunday afternoon. T he meetings at the peni
tentiary as well as the street meetings are conducted in both Spanish and
English.
The Sea W all Sunday school, besides taking care o f itself financially, has,
with the aid o f the M ission School, by collections and by giving an entertainment
in one o f the theaters o f Panama, raised two hundred dollars tow ard educating
a young lady, one o f the converts o f our mission some years ago in Quito,
Ecuador. W ith the money thus raised they have already sent the young lady
to Delaware, Ohio, to attend the Ohio W esleyan University.
T he Sea W all Sunday school has an average attendance o f sixty-six, about
half o f which are Spanish-speaking Panam anians; the Spanish section is divided
into two classes.
T he Sunday school has just voted to begin to raise funds fo r their Christmas
entertainment, which last year amounted to over two hundred dollars, and that
what they raise this year, instead o f spending on themselves, they have decided
to send the funds thus obtained to T he Christian A dvocate to forw ard to the
suffering children made destitute by the cruel war o f Europe.
Colon Church
A t the close o f the revival meetings in Panama, through the generosity o f
the Rev. James M. T aylor, we were enabled to build a new church this jrear in
Colon. W hile this church was building, as soon as the frame was up and the
roof was 011, special services began and over a hundred professed conversion.
T he meetings, as in all our churches, were conducted in both Spanish and
English, but it has been harder to hold our Spanish members in Colon than
in Panama, as our Spanish preachers all live in Panama and are obliged to
cross the Isthmus to hold their meetings. Dr. T aylo r was kind enough to take
upon him self the support o f a w orker for the English part o f the congregation
of the Colon Church, and the ex-priest Arandilla, also supported bjr him in
Panama, goes to Colon several times a month to take charge o f the Spanish
services there. H eavy persecution from the Roman Catholics, going from house
to house, and the scattering o f thousands of'R om an Catholic tracts, follow ed the
revival services both in Panam a and Colon.
Spanish Work
T he importance o f Spanish work, as above that o f the E nglish on the
Isthmus, seems to be conceded by all Christian w orkers who have been in these
parts any length o f time. A t our two new churches at Guachapali and Colon,
the English w ork is considered of less importance than that of the Spanish, and
the English members o f these two churches feel that they have been provi
dentially placed upon the Isthmus, not prim arily for their own salvation, but
fo r the evangelization o f the Spanish people o f this land. F or this they w ork
and pray. A lthough largely English-speaking, we believe these three churches
have a special mission to perform , which is not thought of, nor one that has
been undertaken by any o f the churches on the Canal Zone or the Isthmus o f
Panama.
Guachapali Church
D uring the past year, under the leadership o f Dr. James M. T aylor, the
2Ô2
[1914
M issionary Evangelist from Knoxville, aided by his singing evangelist, J. R.
Reid, the Guachapali Church held a most gracious revival, where three hundred
professed conversion, about fifty o f whom w ere Spanish. T he preaching and
singing in these meetings were in both English and Spanish, Brother Ports and
the ex-priest, Gabino Arandilla, rendering excellent service in the Spanish part
o f these services.
E cu a d o r
The Superintendent o f the Panam a D istrict was able to visit Ecuador this
year in company with Dr. J. M. T aylo r and his singing evangelist, J. M. Reid,
and hold religious services along the coast and in Quito. W e found quite a
number o f the members o f our church, who, notwithstanding the fierce perse
cution o f that fanatical people, are still holding fast to the Gospel, and who
begged the E vangelist to implore Bishop Stuntz to send them a m issionary of
our church. F ive thousand dollars was promised fo r property in Quito, to be
follow ed by another five thousand in the near future, on condition that this
w ork should be opened again within a few months. T he support o f tw o w orkers
was also promised if the Bishop would supply the new work with a superin
tendent.
Chiriqui Penitentiary
Services have been held every Sunday this year, as last, at the Chiriqui
Penitentiary, under the direction o f Rev. C. W . Ports, Brothers Amsden, and
Gabino Arandilla.
T he brethren have been permitted to do much evangelistic w ork among
the prisoners, even to the conducting o f altar services at the close o f the meet
ings. Q uite a number o f the prisoners, both English speaking and Spanish,
have given signs o f entering a new life.
Mission School
O ur Mission School in Panam a continues to flourish under the instruction
o f the wives o f the missionaries and o f Rev. C. W . Ports, who give all their
time to this w ork through the week. On Sundays and several evenings through
the week these untiring teachers have charge o f religious meetings. T h e school
enrolled 122 pupils this year. Quite a number o f these are poor children and,
being members o f our Sunday school, are given free scholarships. On account
o f the dampness o f the climate considerable repairing has had to be done this
year, but the school has been able to take care o f the same. D urin g the revival
meetings this year a number o f the larger girls, whose parents are Roman
Catholics, professed conversion.
P E R U D IS T R IC T
Peru D istrict includes all o f Peru.
Its regular circuits embrace a dozen cities
and towns along the coast and the Transandean R ailw a y o f central Peru.
The
principal stations are at L im a and its port, Callao, and H uancayo, over the Andes.
Callao
C allao (population, 31,000) is the principal seaport o f Peru and the capital o f
the province o f the same name. It is situated on the C allao Bay, 7 m iles w est of
Lima, with which it is connected by rail. C allao is a. modern city, w ith a spacious
harbor, apd is a center for great comm ercial activity.
T h e m an ufactu rin g interests
1914]
North Andes
*
263
of C allao include the refining o f sugar, w ork in lumber and iron, also the shops
of the Central R ailw a y o f Peru.
M ethodist E piscopal mission work was begun in 1891.
M issionaries: Rev. H ays P. A rcherd and Mrs. Archerd, Mr. M ilton M. L o n g
shore and Mrs. Longshore, Mr. M erritt M. Thom pson and Mrs. Thompson.
In stitu tion : H igh School for B oys and Girls.
Lima
Lim a (population, 140,000), the capital city of Peru, is situated on the Rim ac
River, seven miles from the port o f Callao, and at the base o f the A ndes. T h e city
has an excellent system o f waterworks, several public squares, a number o f hospitals,
and very good stores.
Its university, San Marcos, is the oldest on the W estern
continent, having been founded in 1551.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1891. T h e Church o f England,
the Seventh D a y A d ven tists, and the E van gelical Union o f South A m erica are at
work in Lima.
M ission aries: R ev. Thom as B. W ood (on furlough) and Mrs. W ood (on fur
lough). W . F. M. S . : M iss E lsie W ood (on furlough).
In stitu tio n : W . F . M. S . : H igh School.
Huancayo
H uancayo (population, 15,000) is the terminus of the Central R ailw ay o f Peru
and a rapidly grow in g city.
It is situated at one extrem ity o f a broad, rich
agricultural valley.
T h e surrounding mountains full o f rich mineral deposits are
ju st being opened up.
H uancayo is the seat o f a pre-historic fa ir of the Indians
who still gather for the exchange of their products tw ice every month to the number
of from eight to tw e lve thousand.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun here in 1905, but until the present
time was carried on by native pastors.
M ission aries: R ev. Clarence R. Snell and Mrs. Snell.
In stitu tio n : H uancayo E nglish Academ y.
T he gain in church membership fo r this district during the ten months
ending with O ctober 31, was ten and one half per cent. T his gain was due to no
special movement, but was general all over the district.
In spite o f the pinch o f the financial crisis our mission schools are ending
the year with a considerably larger number o f pupils than ever before. The
T arm a school, early in the year, was moved to Huancayo, and the attendance
has more than doubled.
W e have a new mission school at Lim a in connection with our Second
Church.
T he Cerro de Pasco School has had a forty-five per cent increase in attend
ance oyer last y e a r ; while the Callao schools and the W om an’s Foreign M ission
ary Society school at Lim a shows gains worth while.
A t Callao the girls’ department o f the high school is no longer under the
control o f the W om an’s Foreign M issionary Society, as that body has concen
trated its efforts in Lim a, leaving all the school w ork in Callao to the Board
o f Foreign Missions.
Political and Economic Conditions in Peru
O ur w ork in Peru has gone steadily forw ard in spite o f unusually disfavorable conditions. On the fourth o f February, 1914, the country was surprised by
a bold revolutionary movement led by Colonel O scar Benavides. T h e Peruvian
arm y follow ed this leader almost to a. man, with the result that the national
palace was soon captured and President Billinghurst made prisoner and com-,
pelled to resign his office. H e was then banished from the country. Colonel
2Ô4
[1914
Benavides governed fo r a time as president o f a “junta de gobierno,” and then
was elected provisional president o f the Republic until a regular presidential
election could be arranged fo r in May, 1915.
Then came the outbreak o f the European war, w ith its consequent depres
sion o f business and canceling o f credit. This has played havoc with the
economic stability o f Peru. T h e governm ent expenses had been exceeding the
income fo r a long period, and had drained the banks by heavy borrowing, with
the result' that a financial panic was inevitable. It has been tem porarily relieved
by the issuing o f a large quantity o f paper money. T h e final outcome o f this
remedy w ill very likely mean further disaster, as the paper has a very insufficient
guarantee. P eru has been one o f the few South Am erican republics to possess
an excellent cu rren cy ; but now her position in this respect is o f the poorest.
Religious Liberty
These political and economic disturbances have preoccupied the public mind
almost exclusively, allow ing the dominant church to w ork quietly but pow erfully
to the advantage o f her own selfish interests. O ur committee appointed t o .
look a fter the completion o f the reform o f A rticle I V o f the Constitution was
finally able to bring the matter to the consideration o f the Senate, and it was
passed almost unanimously. But nothing could be effected in the Chamber o f
Deputies. T here were probably not six men in this Chamber who would not
have voted in fav o r o f the amendment. B ut the president o f the “ Cam ara”
belonged to a prominent Romanist fam ily (one o f his brothers is a bishop),
and by various means succeeded in barring the question from consideration in
spite o f the attempt o f several prominent members o f the body to bring it to a
vote. T hus the final step in the reform must go over fo r at least another year.
The Peruvian Indian
It is a surprise to one coming to Peru to find that apart from the coast
and the towns this is not a Spanish-speaking country. O ver in the tropical
montana there are various tribes each possessing its own barbaric language. But
the everyday speech o f the large m ajority o f the Peruvians is the old tongue
o f the Incas— the Quichua. T h is is the language o f all the highland Indians
— the '‘Serranos” as they are called— although many o f them can speak Spanish
also. B u t only one third o f the four and a half millions o f Peruvians are at
home with the Spanish language.
T his characteristic o f Peruvian life has ju st been freshly impressed upon us.
T h ere is at present in Lim a a delegation o f seven “ Serranos” from the D epart
ment o f Puno. T h eir district joins the Department o f Cuzco, and thus is at
the heart o f the old Inca empire. T hese seven men came to Lim a to seek
through the central governm ent redress from some injustice they and their
community have been suffering. T h e y came to an official o f the Peruvian army,
M a jo r Gutierrez, a man who in investigating conditions in Puno last year on
a mission from the governm ent had shown him self the friend o f the Indians
and had won their confidence. T h is Peruvian officer agreed to act as their
guide and spokesman in gettin g their petition before the authorities. N ow
M ajo r G utierrez is a warm friend o f ours, attending our services when possible
in company with his w ife. H e is on the right track.
W h at is most interesting to us is, that a fter agreeing to act as champion
fo r this band o f “ Serranos,” one o f the first things M ajo r Gutierrez did was
North Andes
to bring them to the W ednesday night prayer meeting o f our Lim a Central
Church. Introducing them to Pastor A lgorta, he said he realized that what
the Indians most needed was the Gospel, and that he wanted these to learn all
about it so as to teach the other members of their community when they returned
to Puno. So Señor A lgo rta has been instructing them through an interpreter, a
young normal student in Lim a and member o f our church, who also is a native
o f Puno but not Indian. The result o f this teaching is that last Sunday the
group joined the M ethodist Church on probation. I was impressed with the
heartiness with which they all responded to the question, “H ave you an earnest
desire to be saved from your sins?” when the interpreter put it to them in
Quichua after the pastor had asked the question in Spanish.
it
266
[1914
MEXICO CONFERENCE
Th e M exico Conference includes the republics o f M exico, with a population of
15,000,000, and Central Am erica. Th us far mission work has been established prin
cip ally in the central and southern parts o f M exico, notably in the states o f G ua
najuato, H idalgo, M exico, Morelos, O axaca, Puebla, Queretaro, T la xca la , and Vera
Cruz, and in the Federal D istrict. T h is part o f M exico is for the most part a high
tableland interspersed by m ountains. Th e clim ate is varied and fruits of all climes
are grown. Agriculture and m ining are the principal sources of wealth. T h e popu
lation is about 20 per cent w hite, 40 per cent Indians, and 40 per cent people of
m ixed blood.
Th ere are about thirty-seven indigenous languages and dialects in
M exico, but with the exception of a little w ork in M exicano, Otom i, and Zapotec,
M ethodist w ork is carried on chiefly in Spanish, w hich is the dom inant language,
and in E nglish.
M ethodist mission w ork was commenced by the Rev. W illiam B utler in February,
1873, and the M exico Conference was organized January 15, 1885.
C E N T R A L D IS T R IC T
Central D istrict includes a number o f cities and towns in the states o f G uana
juato, H idalgo, and M exico, and in the Federal D istrict.
F or fe rtility and mineral
wealth this region is one o f the most favored in the republic o f M exico.
Mexico City
M exico C ity (population, 500,000) is the capital o f the republic. It was founded
by the Spanish in 1522, on the site o f an ancient A z te c city in the center of the
v a lle y of M exico, on a plateau 7.400 feet above sea level.
It is beautifully situated.
T h e inhabitants are chiefly full-blooded Indians and persons o f m ixed race, although
there are 6,000 English-speaking people, and the English language is spoken in all
the great comm ercial houses and hotels. T h e streets o f the city are wide, and many
of the buildings are o f stone, including the public buildings.
Th ere are several
attractive public squares and large suburban residences. Th e city is both the admin
istrative and commercial center of the republic and the term inal of alm ost all the
M exican railways.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work w as begun in 1873.
T h e headquarters of
the mission are now here in a centrally located property. There are five M ethodist
congregations and two schools.
W ork is done in both Spanish and E nglish.
Th e
M ethodist Publishin g H ouse was established in 1878.
Baptist, Presbyterian, and
Episcopal m issionaries are also at work here.
M ission aries: Rev. John W . Butler and Mrs. Butler, R ev. Raym ond A . Carhart
and M rs. Carhart, R ev. J P H auser and Mrs. Hauser, Rev. 5 rank E. M cG u ire and
Mrs. M cGuire.
W . F. M. S .: M isses H arriet L. A yres, V ern ice G elvin, Elizabeth
Benthian, Grace A . H ollister, Laura Tem ple.
In stitu tion s: M ethodist P ublish in g House. W . F. M. S .: Sarah L. K een College
(fo r girls).
M IR A F L O R E S D IS T R IC T
M iraflores D istrict includes the va lley o f ancient T ezcoco and the va lley o f
A m ecam eca, both o f w hich are in the state of M exico, and a part o f the state of
M orelos. T h is territory extends from the region of perpetual snow to the rice and
sugar fields of the tropics. T h e principal town .of the district is the m anufacturing
v illa ge o f M iraflores, n esting in the foothills o f the great volcano o f Ixtacihuati.
M ethodist mission work was begun in M iraflores in 1874.
N ow part o f Central D istrict.
Joh n
W.
B
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Superintendent
W ar Situation
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267
held with only two members absent, one o f whom was out o f the country.
M inisters and laym en united in showing their love fo r the cause by underw rit
ing thirty thousand o f the fifty thousand dollars (silver) proposed as a memorial
o f Methodism’s fo rty jêars in M exico. M atters became somewhat serious about
the beginning o f the second quarter, and when the Am erican troops were landed
in V era Cruz on the 21st day of April, 1914, our situation was very much so.
A s might be expected, their landing provoked a very strong anti-Am erican feel
ing throughout the country. T his is not to be wondered at. Something o f the
kind would happen in our own country should a foreign force ever be landed
in any o f our important ports and their flag hung out over our public buildings.
T he day that this event occurred, we received cable orders to transfer the
mission office from M exico City to the port o f V era Cruz. A t first we found
that this seemed to be an impossible thing to do. W e were not long, however, in
discovering that the United States Embassy and Consulate offices had both been
closed and all our official representatives had left the capital. Having, therefore,
no visible protection from our own representatives and the fact that the M exican
Government seemed unable to quell the ever increasing anti-Am erican feeling,
we deemed it expedient to advise all o f our workers, representing both Societies,
to leave the country. A s all had been anticipating trouble, they were not long
in complying with instructions. T hey left in three different parties. The only
foreign missionary, representing our Church, who remained in the country was
Miss Laura Temple. She felt called to do so, and in order to have protection,
she attached herself to the Red Cross service. T he party which the w riter
brought out consisted o f fifteen women and six men. W e left M exico City
on the night o f A pril 28th, some eight days after our flag was taken down in
the capital. T his is the first time since 1848 that the Am erican flag could not be
seen daily in M exico city. A s the railway was cut a few miles out from the
port of V e ra Cruz, we were obliged to go to the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. A t
Puerto M exico we found an A m erican transport w aiting for our company o f
337 refugees. T he next day when we reached V era Cruz we w’ere not per
mitted to land, but were transferred to an Am erican passenger boat and brought
in to N ew Orleans. M iss Clementina Butler, who was unable at the moment to
secure proper protection fo r the girls o f the W om an’s Foreign M issionary
Society’s School in Puebla, remained another week till all these girls were
provided for, and a fter most trying ordeals, safely reached New Orleans, several
days later than the rest o f us.
It is a cause o f special gratitude to Alm ighty God, and certainly o f gratifica
tion to the Church at large that, in spite o f distressing conditions in M exico dur
ing the past year, and the absence o f all o f our missionaries, with the single
exception mentioned, the w ork has continued with but comparatively little inter
ruption. O f course, the boarding departments of our larger schools, which
depended more directly upon the foreign missionaries, had to be closed. The
w ork in our hospital in Guanajuato was reduced to a minimum. In a few o f
the rural districts o f the country work was practically suspended, but the w ork
has, as a whole, continued under the faithful management o f our devoted M e x
ican workers, and it is especially gratifying to hear from all o f our principal
cities that attendance upon services has been unusually large.
■ A nother cause o f gratitude to God is that during the past four years o f dis
turbances in M exico, only three o f our properties have been injured. T he little
chapel in A tzacan w as destroyed by the revolutionists, but not from any religious
268
tI9 I 4
motive. It suffered in common with other properties o f that town during a
battle. T h e chapel in A tlu atla also suffered somewhat in a similar, manner. The
property which is most seriously damaged is the one in Q ueretaro. H ere an
irresponsible mob, taking advantage o f the absence o f soldiers from the city,
made a raid on one o f the Catholic churches. Then, a few days later, out o f
revenge, another irresponsible mob made an attack on our property. Later,
, when the Constitutional Arm }' entered the city, the authorities heard o f what
had happened on our premises, sent representatives to examine the damage and
make a careful inventory o f our losses, T hey have offered to put the property
back in good condition.
It is a great pleasure to place on record very clearly the fidelity o f our
M exican preachers and teachers. Epigmenio Velasco, the youthful pastor o f
the M exico C ity church, in addition to the exacting w ork o f a large parish, at
our request cheerfully took upon him self the additional burden o f A ctin g
T reasurer o f the M ission during our enforced absence. In this w ork he was
most ably assisted by his good w ife who, prior to her m arriage, had been a
stenographer in one o f the largest mercantile houses o f M exico City. D r.
Valderram a showed him self wise in the care and protection o f the properties o f
both Societies in the city o f Puebla under most tryin g circumstances. Cresencio
Osorio, the pastor in Guanajuato, nearly lost his life in his efforts to protect our
properties and the girls o f the school in that place. Superintendent Zapata, o f
the O axaca D istrict, stood faith fu lly at his post w atching all our interests in the
face o f tryin g conditions. E. W . A dam showed him self a most careful pastor
and acting D istrict Superintendent in the city o f Pachuca, w here w e have
valuable properties and the largest school supported by the W om an’s Foreign
M issionary Society in all our foreign fields. A . N . A vila, o f Miraflores, has
proven him self a true soldier o f Jesus Christ. A special Providence seems to
have watched over him and all w e have in that beautiful little village which
shows on every hand the m arks o f war. Dr. B. N. Velasco and his good w ife
o f Q ueretaro had a most tryin g experience in being obliged to leave the train
some fifty miles from their home and compelled by the circumstances o f w ar to
w alk all that distance while fo r two days and nights they were absolutely without
food or water. It is not surprising that, after this ordeal and the tryin g circum
stances connected with the raiding o f the property under his care in that city,
he was com pletely prostrated. A t this writing, however, he is again in the enjoy
ment o f health and most loyally prosecuting his w ork. F o r want o f space, we
cannot mention many other faith fu l men and women o f M exico band o f w orkers
who, by their devotion to the best interests o f the cause, under most trying
circumstances have made themselves creditors on the gratitude o f the church
at large.
Out o f all the unrest and disturbances o f our sister republic come to us in
these days beckoning opportunities o f a most emphatic character. W e have
calls fo r new workers, fo r church buildings, fo r schools and fo r the enlargement
o f some o f our present properties to accommodate grow in g congregations. W e
also have calls fo r the opening o f new w ork in many parts o f the country. T he
people, as never before, seem to be reaching out a fte r something they do not
now have. In many cases they do not know what that something is, but P ro tes
tant Christianity stands fo r ju st what the millions o f afflicted people in that
country need, namely, the open Bible, the living Christ, experim ental preaching
and a liberal education. “ T he signs o f the times,” indicate that a golden oppor
Mexico
1914]
269
tunity is before us. Just a fter the collapse o f the French Empire in 1867 we
failed to seize a unique opportunity. Could we have sent into the country a good
force of workers, properly supported, perhaps to-day we might see one third o f
all these people under Protestant influence. W e failed to measure up to the calls
o f the hour at that time. God grant we do not fail to grasp the present oppor
tunity.
The missionaries who during 1914 have been obliged to spend so much o f
their time in the homeland, have had constant opportunities o f speaking in
behalf o f their w ork before camp meetings, Annual Conferences, schools and
churches.
T he w riter had the privilege o f speaking in Buffalo the last Sunday o f
December under the auspices o f Bishop W illiam Burt to between four and five
thousand people on “ T he T ruth A bout M exico.” The large audience was in
tensely enthusiastic. T he press gave much space and fair representations o f
that meeting and the news o f it has spread abroad throughout the country.
Soon a fter our missionaries came home they were permitted to participate
in the Cincinnati Conference, on conditions in M exico. P a rt o f these delegates
were officials o f the several M issionary Societies. A fte r two days o f discussion
and prayer, a plan o f federation was proposed which it is hoped may be put into
practice in the near future. W e are grateful to record the fact that a new
Spanish Hymn B ook has recently been published by the Am erican T ract Society,
which is the result o f the joint labors o f several denominations in M exico and
which it is believed w ill be used by Protestant people generally in all Latin
countries. It will serve as a bond o f union between all the churches.
A t this writing, most o f the missionaries have returned to the field. True,
the country is still greatly disturbed. The immediate future is uncertain, but
we have a strong conviction that before long God w ill show a way out o f the
present distressing conditions. M exico will rise again to a better life. Nothing
w ill help more tow ard permanent peace and prosperity than just what we, in
common with other evangelical churches, are trying to do fo r our next door
neighbor.
E A S T E R N D IS T R IC T
T h e Eastern D istrict includes a number o f mission centers in the state of
H idalgo, w ith tw o circuits in the states o f M exico and Puebla. Part of the district
is on the tableland, the remainder sloping eastward toward the G u lf o f M exico.
T h e principal occupations are m ining and agriculture.
T h e recent com ing of the
railroad into this section is opening up many towns for mission work.
N o other M ission Boards have workers in this district.
Pachuca
Pachuca (population, 5,000) is situated at an elevation of 7,800 feet above the
sea, 56 m iles northeast of M exico City, in the southern part o f the state of H idalgo,
o f w hich it is the capital. It is connected with M exico C ity by railroad and is one
o f the richest m ining centers in the world.
T h e M ethodist M ission was established in 1873. W ork is done both in Spanish
and English.
N o other Mission Boards have workers in this place. '
M issionaries: W . F. M. S .: Misses Blanche Betz and H elen M. H ew itt.
Institutions: E nglish Church. W . F. M. S .: G irls’ School.
J P
H
au ser,
Superintendent
N O R T H E R N D IS T R IC T
Th e Northern D istrict is situated on. the central tableland o f the Republic,
and comprises the states o f Querelaro and Guanajuato, in part, extending a distance
270
o f about 217 m iles on either side o f the line o f the M exican C entral R ailw ay, and
part o f the N ational R ailw a y from the C ity o f San Juan del Rio, in Queretaro, to
Leon in G uanajuato. T h e d istrict is composed o f seven circuits and seventeen con
gregations.
M ission w ork is conducted in important cities ran gin g in population
from 12,000 to 110,000. T h is region is notew orthy for its strong adherence to the
Rom an Cath olic Church.
Guanajuato
Guanajuato (population, 60,000) is the capital o f the state o f the same name.
I t is located 160 m iles northwest o f M exico C ity, in a narrow va lle y or gulch on
the Guanajuato R iver, at an altitude o f 6,500 feet, in a vfery rich silver-m ining
region.
It is said to have produced $1,600,000,000 in silver bullion, or about one
fifth o f the w orld’s present supply. T h e M exican Central Railroad passes w ithin ten
m iles o f the city.
Th ere are several large churches and handsome residences and
beautiful public and private gardens.
T h e M ethodist M ission -began its w ork in 1876. T h e M exican congregation and
one for E nglish-speaking people are self-supporting.
N o other M ission Board has
workers here.
M ission aries: R ev. L e vi B. Salm ans, M .D ., and Mrs. Salm ans.
W . F . M. S .:
M isses E ffa M. Dunm ore and D ora Gladden.
In stitu tio n s: Good Sam aritan H ospital. W . F. M. S . : M ary A n n C o x M em orial
G irls’ School, T ra in in g School for B ible W omen.
I. D.
C h agoyan,
Superintendent
T he Rev. L evi P . Salmans w rites from Guanajuato, under date o f F ebruary
13th, as fo llo w s:
“ W ith m y w ife, son, and one o f our M exican trained nurses who had been
in Battle Creek, Mich., fo r furth er training fo r three years, I arrived in Guana
juato, January 10, 1915. M iss D ora Gladden and three trained nurses arrived a
w eek later. W e found the hospital unharmed and all our w ork prosperous in
every respect. T h e general financial prostration is indescribable, but the quiet,
peaceable spirit o f the M exicans here could not be better. T he different armies
occupy our city by turns and alarm s are always rife, but civilians are not di
rectly and intentionally attacked, and those who are wounded by stray bullets
o r otherw ise are cared fo r at the expense o f the m ilitary. T h e sale o f liquor
is suppressed much o f the time and vice and crime are not more prevalent .than
in the best epochs o f the past. A ll should know these things and give to the
M exicans the credit due them as a people. O ur railroad communications are
greatly disturbed, so that mail, express and freigh t reaches us only occasionally.
In the five w eeks w e have been here we have not discovered the least hostility
to foreigners -or to Protestants. W e have been treated by all classes o f people
with the greatest possible kindness and consideration. Both the sick and the well
rejoice at our return. O ur stereopticon lectures receive the same enthusiastic
reception as a year ago, our hall not being sufficiently large to accommo
date the crow ds. O ur Sunday school and church services w ere never before
so w ell attended, nor so generously supported financially.
“The hospital and other medical work which have always depended chiefly
upon self-support are in a great stress because of the lack of money in the hands
of the people. There is more need of financial help from the States for this
part of the work than ever before, and we must have it from some source if we
are to measure up to our present opportunities, or to render the great service to
the suffering humanity that looks to us at this hour for the sympathy and help
that former years have led them to hope for in us. Will our friends at home
let us disappoint this hope ?”
Mexico
OAXACA
271
D IS T R IC T
O axaca D istrict includes a number o f mission centers in the state o f O axaca,
which gave to M exico such statesmen and reformers as Juarez, D iaz, and M atias
Romeo.
T h e region is made up of fertile, well-w atered valleys and forest-clad
hills. T h e clim ate is temperate and said to be the most even in the country. T h is
is one o f the richest m ining sections in the republic.
T h e c ity o f O axaca, capital
o f the state, has about 30,000 inhabitants. Zaachila, one of our centers, was form erly
the capital o f the ancient Zapotec empire, and the descendants o f the last reigning
emperor are now members o f our church.
M ethodist Episcopal mission work was begun in 1888, when the M ethodist
Episcopal Church* South, relinquished its work in this region.
E d uardo Z a p a t a ,
Superintendent
O R IZ A B A D IS T R IC T
O rizaba D istrict includes a number o f mission centers in the state o f V era
Cruz, and one center in the state of O axaca. T h e clim ate of the region ig hot, and
during the hotter months unhealthy.
T h e V e ra Cruz and Pacific R ailw ay passes
through the heart of this district on its w ay to Tehuantepec, where it makes connec
tion for Central Am erica. T h e people are not fanatical, but, on the contrary, seem
ready to receive the truth.
Orizaba
O rizaba (population, 40,000) is a quaint town, situated in a valley in the western
part of the state o f V e ra Cruz. Its altitude is 4,200 feet. It is the best m arket in
the republic for tropical fruits. From here are made immense shipments o f coffee
to the U n ited States and Europe.
M ission aries: Rev. Frederic F. W o lfe and Mrs. W olfe.
F. F.
W
o l fe ,
Superintendent
F o r six months o f the year 1914, we were absent from our field o f labor,
during which time pastor M iguel Rojas, o f Orizaba, cared for the work. H is
skill was equalled by his brotherly spirit, and although there were serious and
difficult problems to solve the w ork prospered in his hands.
Many children le ft our school in Huatusco when the Am ericans invaded
V era Cruz, but later the school reached its usual number o f scholars, and when
the Constitutionalist army entered Huatusco and saw the name “ Bendo Juarez”
over o.ur school door, they cheered the “ liberating school.” Pastor Corona has
had a successful year.
In T ierra Blanca there has been a substantial gain in school and church
w ork under the care o f pastor Rosales.
In A cula where we began w ork in 1913 there has been laid a firm founda
tion for Gospel w ork. T he people o f the town have given us their sympathy and
with proper pastoral care we shall soon have a strong w ork here.
T axtepec is a well-established point and good w ork has been done here all
through th e .y ea r in spite o f much political agitation which came to a clim ax
January 3rd, 1915, when the mountaineers entered, threatened to kill our pastor
and twenty other church members, and made great havoc with our w ork. T h e
pastor and fam ily and most o f the congregation have fled, and we know not
when w ork can be reestablished in this place.
February 12th, 1914, our church in A tzacan was burned by rebels, the first
mission property destroyed during the war. Conditions since then have been
siieh that it was unsafe to send a pastor there.
272
Coeducational
O ur w ork in O rizaba prospered greatly last year. T he school was divided at
the beginning o f the year into two schools— one fo r girls and one fo r boys. T he
teaching force has been increased in number and efficiency and the number o f
scholars more than doubled. T he indications at the opening o f 1915 are that the
number o f scholars w ill be doubled again this year. O ur great need at present
is proper equipment fo r the school rooms. M any new members are being added
to the church and all departments o f the w ork are doing splendidly.
W o rk was begun in V era Cruz, in March, 1914. W e have been unable as yet
to find a suitable building. T his is a liberal cosmopolitan city and no better
opening fo r w ork could be asked fo r than that at hand. I firmly believe that with
proper m aterial equipment w e could soon develop a w ork here, equal to any now
established in this republic.
T he present conditions o f the country indicate the necessity o f centering our
greatest efforts in O rizaba and V era Cruz until peace is again an established fact,
caring fo r the country towns as fa r as we are permitted to do so by w ar opera
tions.
T he outlook fo r the w ork as a whole is uncertain. W e hear rumors o f reli
gious threats to drive all Protestants from the country. On the other hand,
among a multitude o f people there is more general sympathy with our w ork than
ever before.
PUEBLA
D IS T R IC T
Puebla District occupies geographically the center of the Mexico Conference
and embraces the states of Puebla and Tlaxcala, and a portion of the state of
Morelos. The altitude of the district varies between 3,000 and 7,500 feet above
sea level. The region is very fertile and agriculture is the chief industry, although
there is considerable mining. The many mountain streams furnish power for a large
number o f cotton and woolen mills. The mountain towns are pleading for Methodist
services.
Puebla
Puebla (population, 100,000) is the capital of the state of the same name, and
is 7,300 feet above sea level. The city was founded in 1531, and is one of the
most attractive cities in Mexico, a characteristic feature of its architecture being
the use of glazed and colored tiles. Five railroads enter the city. It is an important
center of the Roman Catholic Church.
Methodist mission work was begun in 1874, in the face of intense opposition,
and the lives of the missionaries were threatened frequently. The first service
was held under the protection of soldiers. Now there are two Methodist churches
for Mexicans and an English congregation. The new building of the Mexican
Methodist Institute for boys cost $80,000 (gold), and is said to be the finest school
building in the country. There are preparatory, commercial, normal, and theological
departments. The Woman’s Foreign Missionary Society school for girls, which occu
pies a half a block in the center of the city, has a commanding influence in all the
southern part of the republic. Mission work is carried on also by the Baptists.
Missionaries: Rev. Harry A. Bassett and Mrs. Bassett (on furlough), Rev.
Franklin Lawyer and Mrs. Lawyer. Rev. Frederick A. Lendrum and Mrs. Lendrum.
W. F. M. S . : Misses Lois J. Hartung, Kathryne M. Johnson, Kathryn B. Kyser, and
Carrie M. Purdy.
Institutions: Mexican Methodist Institute. W. F. M. S : Norman School for
Girls.
F. P. L a w y e r , Superintendent
On my return Decem ber 9, 1914, I found that our B o y s’ School had been
closed A p ril 30th, because every youn g man able to shoulder a musket had
abandoned his studies to escape being drafted into H u erta’s arm y and to help out
Mexico
273
the popular cause o f the masses o f the people with very few exceptions. S ix out
o f the seven theological students became army officers. O nly one student,
A gustin Lopez, has remained at his post, preaching the Gospel, due to the influ
ence o f his devoted mother and to a form er graduate o f our Norm al School for
girls in this city.
Since my arrival no trains have been running, except m ilitary trains, and all
the district has been infested by bandit revolutionists, consequently there has been
no opportunity to visit the circuits to ascertain how much is left o f our w ork.
Less than h alf o f the twenty schools on the district w ill be able to reopen fo r
the new year. D r. Valderram a, the president of our B o ys’ School in this city,
which has 130 boarders and as many more day pupils, believes the boarding de
partment w ill present very difficult problems in case that one or both o f the
boarding schools are opened later. Because o f the very critical conditions still
existing, w e decided to postpone opening the boarding department o f the B o ys’
School till a fte r A nnual Conference, February 26th, in V era Cruz, hoping condi
tions will be improved by that time and also hoping to be able to ascertain
whether the famine, which now threatens the whole country, w ill be averted, or
w ill make impossible the maintenance o f our boarding schools in Puebla fo r
some months at least. Prices o f the necessities o f life have tripled, some o f
them, since last A pril in this city, and am told that they are still higher in local
ities w here the revolution has raged more severely and fo r a longer time. L iv
ing has become so exceedingly high fo r all o f our church members that selfsupport has fallen off all over the district.
T he brightest ray o f hope comes through the liberal spirit o f the new regime
toward education o f all kinds, S3rmpathy with the masses in their sad inheritance
from past regimes and toward our w ork in general.
4 10 83 8 134 2127
2 11 95 8 135 1946
460
689
338
S T A T IS T IC S O F N O R T H W E ST
BiilnnriRhnhr District...........
Cawnpore District..................
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
?
?
2 2
Southern Punjab District........ 1 1
9
Total.............................. 16 15
Last year......................... 14 14
1
2 6
61..
1
4 3
6 4
1 1
5 1
2
..
10
14
18
8
15;
19
10
10
18
10
33!
75
52!
38
63
61
44
66
56
23
17í 36
43 103
14! 56
27: 46
37 81
94
21 65
37 55
22 55
13 26
371
4506
655
794
7603
4049
3155
1816
4696
371
384 755
9933 1443»
1335 1990
6671 7465
8632 16235
5354 9403
8880 12035
3564 5380
9199 13895
1349 1720
451
7654
810
5151
5203
6132
5264
1593
6410
544
27 16 132 511 254 617 28016 55301 83317 39212
22 17 132 489 309 594 25531 54532 80063 33251
37 44¡.J ..
13YÒ 1657!..!..
187 1641..
56b 939!..
1699 1381!..
803 1019!..
1727 1167j..
610 509 ..
511 595i..
151 282!..
'i
i i li
!
1 11
1 6
7665|7757!..
8801j6442(..
11
12
S T A T IS T IC S O F SOU TH
All sums of money are in rupees (1 rupee = $0.333^). For equivalents in
Bangalore District..................
Belganm District....................
English District......................
Hyderabad District................
Madras Distriri;......................
Haichnr District.....................
Vikarabad District..................
fi
fi
3
5
5
1
5
5
fi
?.
5
5
1
5
Total............................... 31 29
Last year........................ 20 18
4
2 3
3
2
5 1
2
1
1
2
3
3
6
22
9
20
21
16
7
25
...! 241i 98 1
..J 283 447
... ! .. ! 32 . . . .
...! 243 137
...j 278' 174
...! 407; 178
.. .12430:1395
22 85 302 1511 1813
25 33 175 4381 4556
46 375
2 1 329
7 60 547 4093 4640
41 64 371 2243 2614
25 29 192 4129 4321
71 106 1169 11196 12365
16 4 18 120! 1933781 3085 27599 30684 1062 ...-3855!2401
! 15145749 3131
17 4 17 228! 182 356i 2610 23719 2632»
1 3 DU
1 20 411
4 25 264
i 4 15 1 16 189
1
4
2 3o
5 2Ï1
1 4 15 12 71 1200
57 Ü80
2 ! 6 44|
S T A T IS T IC S O F BEN GAL
All sums of money are in rupees (1 rupee = S0.33M). For equivalents in
1 1 " i 3!
7 9
Calcutta District.................... 4 4
2 6
Calcutta Vernacular District... 3 3
..
Diamond Harbour District----3 ..
Pakur District........................ 2 2
Total.............................. 10 10'
Last year........................ 9 9!
1 10!
..
3 22;
2 61
4 15
13 18 10 52:
13 10 10 51)
41
194
259
395
179
281
367
29
525
179
526
561
288
920
807
457
273
401
192
303
1308 1626 2934 1626
1336 1656 2992 1460
274
1 2
..I 3 42
3
1 20
3; 4
.. 4
881
1469
748
1290
358
742
305
1075
747
660
2127
121
247
1907
748
1290
623
742
305
1075
1216
18411
2480;
121;
252!
207 7209
130 2501
149 10182
53 1318!
72 2102:
66 2714:
29 903
25 1210
170 6849
311 10068
44 1352!
45 1081 ¡
504 661 9889 12600 1301 47489:
501 763 11184 13617 1305 48639
Í
23 19783
6
2997
12
7443
3
1100
9
3220
0, 4028
4
2030
6 16160
1 1 ! 23306
22] 14637
4!
815
2
600
107
113
96119
93469:
52
11
30
12
16
7
16
11
29
77
6
11
$
S
S
$
22722 52640 22015
3843
30
1200
3830
1375 22000
200
7710 12010 11000
3195
680 133001
3665
865 11600:
50:
2582
3015 14660
9230 143400 46700 33000
33002 148410 140600! 15213
11971 29622 IO6OO!
2015
1375
15400
3505
5600
7500
278 118525; 397567 299275 55963'
272 115076 384574 298362j 52576
1
534
174
244
94
151
130
130
663
1755
694
52
332
530: 388 1671
83' 419 1430
4953
5643
$
$ ^ S
137
27 105
19 817
7
32
20
41
26 260
23
46:
3
23
44' 38
2
16;
$ ! S
858
847:
1162: 6016
328'
812,
40
475:
1203:
87
240;
167.
296
136:
171 1515
I6I! 196:
6357i 6310;
79841 481!
1
1
1
1
__ 1
530!
I
.... 1
S
128
8
73
21
26-
Total Contributions
on the Field
S
$
240
83
117
113
74
70
21
76
556
216
55
50
s
For Other
Local Purposes
For Other
Benevolent Purposes
For Foreign
Missions
$
71
11
11!
5!
23!
22
12
44:
111
50
8|
20
For Church Building
and Repairing
349513983 3 26 501
348214191 2124 392
28555
27085
Total.
Last year.
265
(¡2! 107
70 71
51 76
20 23
13 35
16 27
28 56
25! 36
251 33
171! 165
7< 9
16 23
For Support of the
Local Church
375
Amount Paid on such
Indebtedness
£
604- 745
9298 4513
305’ 398
5719 2933
233 400
8853 5139
6; 20
173!
486 2781
48! 41
669i
921! 406!
77
765! 1301; 630!
20
165;
394 302:
112
405:
640; 444
1 2
176 1441 2 24 492
1284 2547'1246,
877:1330;
11920:18919Í104141
491, 617 154 ...j 72, 32
2096 ...: 965; 712
Debt on Real Estate
‘0
eärS -
55« Z
Value of all Property
the Woman’s Foreign
Missionary Society
¡5 S5
Value of Orphanages,
Schools, Hospitals,
Book Rooms, etc.
à
Estimated Value of
Parsonages or Homes
-o
C ontributions of th e C hurch
on th e F oreign F ield
0
No. of Parsonages
or Homes
§
0
— 03
Bareilly District..............
Bijnor District.................
Budaun District..............
Garhwal District..............
Gonda District................
Hardoi District.. . . . . . . . .
Kumaun Eastern District..
Kumaun Western District.
Lucknow District.............
Moradabad District.........
Rae Bareli District..........
Tirhoot District...............
id
s-i
Estimated Value of
Churches and Chapels
J-g
€•§ a-a
EhP^ H u
•Ht»
OM
No. of Churches and
Chapels
s°
£S
O
No. of Sabbath Schol
§
-Q g
§ c
a-J
a
0
No. of Sabbath Scho«
'TS
"3
0
CQ
8
bo
Ô
O
•s
O
p.
«
C
Total Under Instruct
aa
No. of Pupils in sam
•S'-*
IN D IA C O N F E R E N C E , 1914
1No. of Teachers in si
S T A T IS T IC S O F N O R T H
$
973
268
372
220
321
243
189
783
3061
990
129
432
100
539!
30:
14j
30j
100
868
8691 7981
103; 8463
13 23 259 259
86 75 1614 1614
39 50 721 836
32 29 420! 420
40 44 704 704
124 102 1959 1959
78 82 1070 1070
15 30 394 394
24 22 351 351
19 19 165 165
73
228
118
118
178
1561
159
132
160
59
2398
6136
3488
3213
8365
5387
4818
4033
8329
1423
470 476 7657 7772 1381147590
467 492 7429 7558 1332149357
S
3088
5673
10083;
7
10308!
10077
6837
11915!
9805
S
14233
36333
8733
133
8953
3333
5933
16434
6667
....
S
? i
10467!
7360
27583
9
100
17
1
5 17370
3
4067
4112
4
10 22765
8
8
14
1
11!
4:
e!
5:
n¡
44 93841
46 115479
68; 67793 100752 149765!
62j 75888 60999 164613!
4
11
4
Ì6Ò7
45817
24050
36000
14000
28231
S
;
I
5000,
'
4(H)
2000
....
....
... . !
7400: ....
7077! ....
S
357
26
668
0
27
68
98
295!
886
4
S
1352
1005
8682
372
900
869
1457
728
1264
158
2434 16787
830 9652
United States currency see statistical summary of Foreign Missions
18 631 8OO1 890! 88 2210'
50 57 1075 1486t 59 1658:
264* 10 591
58 491 77Ò 974! 100 1885;
35 78 1759 1759! 63 2209!
28 301 408 443! 57 1517!
116 92 1290 1561 ^ 197 4357!
305 369! 6102 7377;
2S5 361! 6433 7162
574 14427
501 12868
8
4
7
ÍÓ
229001
4850!
816001
1
5212¡
I
29 114562!
25 38143
42
863
20
913
473 11782
37 1936
36 1407
24 1393
56 4615:
*770
1500
655
235
....
744 2384
50 1013
5204 18458
608 4107
594 2716
81 1755
721 5440
3860
799
8002 35873
4400 11995
13375
625
6Ó3ÓÓ
1Í762
10560
’ 618
740
35
30
229
26
24
22
48
76 198575 872689 399009
68 61272, 140316 141929
35697
45898
1983
900
414 688; 22909
147 1246] 5403
5|
81
3
8
6:
19'
°7
20265! 85725|
43100! 39456!
43OOOI 1500001
300001 520000!
1620
38191
6900'
18130
42460 66789
75309
153ÓÓ0
110400
700
C O N F E R E N C E , 1914
7 15 235 235
1 1
26 465
22 44 1011 1463
7 7 266 266
22 30 735 735
435
3 415
31 1593
8 314
28 1117;
5 15075
1 175000
1 11000
1104
4
6 15400
59 «7 2273 3164
48 104 2036 2917
so! MK74
66¡ 3194|
17 217579
18 211578
4
1
3
7
5300!
46000! 7900 37500
36500¡ 219594! 346875 170798!
1 465000! 17200 66123
25691
3102;
24600! 31000! 36999 23700'
Ì5Ù
15 IIO2O2 ! 723494! 438574 268490) 150
16 109701! 5809031 448704 3738541 5595
275
898i
10! 20!
465 2431 6050¡
44; 921 1249!
114!
... !
584;
408;
519:
663,
213
506 1647
261 148402,155421
15131 16516
36
150
267 1259
474! 164342,174993
939! 8719
88b¡ 135391 2604! 186300(203991
S T A T IS T IC S O F B O M B A Y
C ON FEREN CE, 1914
JS
Ä3
so’®
os
J ¡2
S«
.2
®
0
0
Oo
2
Total...............
Last year.........
2 . 13 115
i5 5
4
! 4 4; 11 1
2 2!
5!
. 7 3 1092; 5956 7048;
8 118 28,128 711! 7078! 7789;
8 31 6021 497! 1099
2 33 276l 317Î 593
1882
3797
307
305
427
...
...
..
66 184.
108 291.
45 78!.
20 161.
14; 141 22 2 33 287 38! 265 2681 13848'16529 6291 427 239 509
101 9! 16 6 29 263 35 222 2586f14557Î17143 ! 5462 1789 536 890
6 25 1 12
ÜÎ '.'.\'2 12 104
31 24 161
2 11 138
1, 6;
1! 7
S T A T IS T IC S O F C E N T R A L
All sujns of money are in rupees (1 rupee = $0.33H)- For equivalents in
Jabalpur District.................... 4 3
TOiandwa District.................. 2 2
Nagpur District..................... 4 4
Raipur District...................... 3 3
Total.............................. 13 12
Last year....... : ............... 10 10
75 5 9 ..I.. ..
50 56 . . . . ..
117 102!.. !.. ..
36 99 . . . . 1 ..
1' 6 33; 1 78 184
11 4 13 182 85!187 1334! 2752 4086 18591 . . . ; 278 3l6j..;..| ..
9 4 12 168 83!213| 1301; 2195 3496 18671 240 260 258!..!..! ..
1! 6| 33 i: 78 184
I1 51 26 1 18! 175
3
2
4 4
2
5
3
3
2
55 25! 591
31 4 : 19
69 12! 80
27 44j 29
494! 479 973
172 752 924
413 396 809
255 1125 1380
5611 ...
249
481 ...
568j ...
S T A T IS T IC S O F BURM A
All sums of money are in rupees (1 rupee = J0.33^). For equivalents in
Pegu: Burmese.........
Chinese.................
Tamil....................
Rangoon: Burmese...
•Chinese.................
Epworth Memorial.
Tamil....................
Syriam.....................
Thongwa..................
Twante.....................
1: 11
3 .J
1
1
1
3 r
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
14
14
Total___
Last year.
1
2:
5
8
213
22
35
129
62
327
140
10
54
35
74
22
26
99
53
280
ias
1
33
20
139
711
677
316 1027
336 1013
»
30
9
47
37
9
21
15
54!
61
5!
3'
1
9
14
13|
150
24;
. 1
6!
4
3!
31
1 30 775
2
10
12
8
2 30 33s
1
17\
274!
209i
45
49
31 60 1113
31 50 1034
43
S T A T IS T IC S O F M A L A Y S IA
(Repeated from the
All sums of money are in Straits Settlements dollars (11 = 57 cents, gold). For equivalents, m
Federated Malay States Dist.. 2 1
Malacca District.................... 4 4
Netherlands Indies District___ 7 3
Penang District...................... 1 1
Singapore District.................. 2
Tamil District................... ,..
Total. . . .
Last year.
16 11
24 13
4
2
1 1
1
4 1
12 2
18 20
3
6
14
1»
2 10
1 7
3
3
3
6
3
41«
423
357
367
361
230
147
167
409
136
140
119
563
590
766
503
501
358
243 168
367! 357
187 483
108 143
188 193
150 213
46
30
60
45
35
5
32
76
32
66
25
11
fi 56 6 12 2163 1118 3281 1243 1557 221 242
6 63 36 22 2332 1150 3482 8171 527 179 185
4
13
2 1 54 11'
4 131 2 54 1
5; 21; 1| S 1"
S T A T IS T IC S O F P H IL IP P IN E
1
2
12 165 44 53 4583 4274 8857
11 4043 1975 6018
7 35
215 5 18 2523 2009 4532
82
7 3347 2375 5722
17 3026 4390 8016
11 283
205 6576
30 6760
6650
4350
12
12
34 780 49 106 18122 15023 33145
50771 2 47 16153 14891 31044
235 24325!1805 1216
804 11970:1283 806
Central District...................... 1 1
Manila District...................... 4 4
Northern District................... 3 2
Pampanga District................. 1 1
Pangasinan District................ 2 2
1
8
Total............................. 11 10
Last year........................ 12 12
276
62
58
17
19
2; 61 651
1' 4! 20!
.3
0,
9
e*
■a is
Za ll
c
‘Z
55
HO
Wc2
1172, 189:
1459 143
02!) 529 26
562
6601 26)
S
9055
18088
82597
10614
$ 1
18175
21969
259971
3767;
73
0
117
1377
4460 0
5283 13
1022j 7
840! 6
156 206 3040 38261 384;11017
188 21!) 3650 3868,’ 414112442,
J§
32| 120954
32| 112706;
CS a
Opq g
U
HO
° «G2$
>, a
•£
bo
S.'8ä
« § >>
■SÉ3
V
$
8
0
&
a
a
0
aS c
3 "3
0 S
l~ c
¿0 3
w
g
«
h i*
>OQ0Q
s-s
S"°
O
-9.3
S 5S
$ ! $
36694! 6000
34334! 56267
21199: 48333
2958; 40001
S
15882
8779
54931
134
$
«
3916
462
6990S! 95185 150601
081311 105362; 150200
79726
87649
4378
317
*
17 101
31 170
24 1190
33 284
-
re “
!§
*0
œ_
3
U,'cs
3 o.
o«
■So*
o —
fe OS
$
1191
1347
8016
167
105 1751 10721
126 1489 10660
$
3o, —a
75 1384
....
1548
3975 13273
60! 544
021 4110: 16749
P R O V IN C E S C O N F E R E N C E , 1914
28 53 1257: 1474 113 4064
7 52500
8 39900' 68150
10 30 331 331
45 1095
1
3500
3 12500; 15800
20 54 1124; 1124
84 2797
3 16600
6 59150; 32550
8 10 265j 265
60 1496
2
7000
3 46000; 58425
78 153 2977| 3194
78 13!» 2567, 2768
302 9452
257 8032
13
12
79600
58000
20
23
75000
32000
54000
48000
209000
187000
11000: 3000
591
9:
73
30:
20120
12969!
44089! 3000
41520 ... .
528, 2872
ml
329
433 ! 821
241!
535
171! 13131
177! 11251
4557
3128
57
’ 200
75
1068
1417
3516
449
2595
2298
332
555
2485
3908
8858
8893
107
220
230
479
140
363
1545
9896
270
4122
150
28
M IS S IO N C O N F E R E N C E , 1914
1 3
67
67
185
1
1000
2
7500
2100
1 2
28
28
11
1 9
32
32!
32
"i
¿20
2 11 273 1048:
583 " i 18000
1 12000 260066 63066
57
338!
245 " i 175000 " l 12ÔÔ0 260000 1950Ô0
9 '2
78
'78
88
1
200
1
45
1 5 118 118
300 . . .
2
5000 14000
105
2 8 100 160
110
2
4ÔÔÔ 5ÔÔ0
'900
10 33! 756
s 35
658
1716
1401
4 194200
4 194200
...
8ièÔÔ 1Ü83
’44
44360
213
’ 506
2ÔÔÔ
10i 40865 541100 258900 126100 13683
10! 40865 537100 258000 136159
”9
266
145
4
19
4
139
163
411
'iô
119!
240!
136!
180
504;
5422
120!
1121
141!
18
760
747
69921 757
6565: 1350
'iô
487
120
150
39Î
3730
4666
8448 17223
4459 13266
C O N F E R E N C E , 1914
Report for 1913)
United States currency sec statistical summary of Foreign Missions
9i 60 1861 1861
10 358:
128001 2656001
7! 25500
10 16 330 330
11 502!
4500
5500
«I 13850
17 26 681 681
10 520
6 10850
736:
875!
12 65 1827 1827
9 600!
11950; 106575;
5! 33700
8 31 866 2362
9 603!
3 ; 37100
7000: 142500!
3
95!
1;
500
1200
5fi 198! 5565 7061
..,219 6508 6616
58 2078,
50 2026|
360001
254401
912
Î43
40000
90000
3760
82
9470
37486 521050 191440
50774 366280 115200
14224
74140
150
S
$ ; $
93251
5000 62000 50000
....1
. .. .
;
6000
18500
5J
13000;
___
1
6670!
18: 328251 62000! 56000
15! 408001 72000 35000
19670)
7066!
31 122200
28 91797
7
78 179
50
18
38 231
07 201
167 1228
33
86
2510; 10041 6061
568;
128
331
895! 233: 1068
741:
550, •
106: 9ièl
3545
448,
1685
20
401 1975
313 1341
9944
7297
2047
228!>
3369 17730
2185, 13425
$
$
1116
4191
621
897
1178
$
1510
2183
1346
1907
627
332
1952
315
1050
449
8003
5964
7573
7687
4098 19749
5038 24079
4377
1095
2465
1559
5962
2278
IS L A N D S C O N F E R E N C E , 1914
30
l; 2| 30
l! 4 35
a?
Sfjfd
S.£f
So
3-0a
>
*6
8(1
21
32
C o ntr ib utions op the C htjhch
o n th e F oreign F ield
0
'S
z «
¡3 3
1
£
£
¿3
Ahmedabad District.
Baroda District.......
Bombay District....
Poona District.........
s
§
X)
►!ï
c i:
^ f“ .
s-J •S-S
0
CS
*•3 .s
SM
g•ë*3
II
ë
cr
___ ^
■•i ..
35
65
20
64
39
71
24
76
3780
2655
2392
1629
3028
40! 9955l'
36 81545
34 30110
29 18032
55 17323
274 13484
191 9658
194 156965
154! 141428
13;
3
277
....
....
$
75
....
....
... .
75
290
i
S
2958
8401
2282
3854
2254
ST A T IS T IC S OF
FOOCH OW CONFERENCE, igi4
All sums of money we in Mexican dollars (SI Mex. - 50 cents, gold), êquivalent s in
2
H 0
03 I
g“
rari
-o o
O°
io
Foochow District..
Fnt.sing District. . .
Haitsang District..
Lungtieng District.
Kutien District. ..
Kude District . . . . .
Mintsing District..
Yuki District. . . . .
Yenping District . .
Yungan District. ..
13: 122| . 70
1 30
U 66!
31
6! 39!
28
12! 69
39
6 64
40
4! 76
: 26
9! 69
24
6 60
. 24
7 44
3! 14 ••! 1
77 623 .1313
84 138 4841123
13 11
11 1
Total.
Last year.
1245:
1555'
1866
2076!
45!)
566
349
854
546
266
1298
1714
970
1853
756
546
984
745
698
124
2543 324
3269 237
2836 576
3929 1120
1215 274
1112 236
1333 187
1599 235
1244
99
390
30
Z
55
0:2
846) 172 107: 1- 29¡453
861 74¡ 9 8 '..!..! ..
588 115 81 . . . . .
395 65 112:.. ..: ..
35 . . . . ..
25S:
7 6 !.... .. :
258!
64j.. '.. ..
570i 350
5 6 !.... ..
4 8 2 ! 166
528
353'
56
12
55
lili 108
1311
34'...........
1 11;108 5 31 395
1 9, 65 11 78 802
All sums of money are in Mexican dollars ($1 M es.= 50 cents, gol<J). For equivalent, in
64 86 ..!.. ..
. ■,•• ■•I••
524¡ 1193; 550 1219’
16
1081
45 40 ......................!■■
v
19 530 280! 810 317
822
2129
113:
121
¿¡14 99
25! 1331 1079! 2410: 614 1268 79 80
15
<> 50 1
27 987 599! 1586 150! 238 22 13 ............ .i . 1,
•,............
l! 308 121! 429
10 10. ..
58! 220 131. 343
.. i 162
" il" i ■ "5 '. . i ..'
5 ............
84i 2G7 1401 422
l! 183
4 21 154 3: 8,
89!
41701
2745
6915:
2724Í
6700
338
350
45 424
2 14 64 1', 5i
7 0 4057 2405: 6462 24961 5792 394 3oo
42 139.
6 65
7 56
15 161
12 69
1 38
1 14
3 21
S T A T IS T IC S O F CENTRAL
Chinkiang District.
Nanking District..
Wuhu District----
?, 2
12 12
3 2
0
12
3
Total....
Last year.
17 16
21 19
20
19
All sums of money are in Mexican dollars ($1 Mex. - 50 cents, goMj^ __—
Foregm^tat8 in
- “
6
5
30
!
121
91
1
i
34 18!
590 253! 843
4 12
20 i3jf.:
' ' ' 1 11
335 276 611 ■•■I
3 1
59 37¡
559
1575
1016
7 14
!'¿
3 12 172¡ 6 ¿5
400
1387 879I 2266 iflói 519 109 65I 4 20
19 31
S T A T IS T IC S O F KIANGSI
Kan River District.........
Kienchang District.........
Nanchang District .
North Kiukiang District.
South T?ñikiang District.
Total.
9 ?
9
3 1
__ _
7 5
All sums of money are in Mexican dollars ($1 Mex. = 50 cents, gold). F o r equivalent, in
— — ----------- -------—
i 3 15
1
5 108
? .1 3 9
67
1
.J 3 8
75
1
3 ¡ 3 4
8 259
1 3 16
2 12j130 21 1 0
270
37
6 1; 3 19
-—■— ---3,is!145 2 lOl
52 77«
11 11 15 56
S T A T IS T IC S O F NORTH
!
Lanhsien District.........
North Peking District..
Shanhaikuan District. . .
South Peking District..
South Tientsin District.
Taian District. ; ; —
Tientsin City District..
Tsunhua District.........
Yenchow District.........
Total......................
Last year..........
10 12
3 3
i i ! ..
4 ..
3 3
3 3
4;--
I
—
__ —
19121
21Í20
ft..
i
5
7
5
2
3
3
2
6
1
64
35
36
24
7
34
1701
1645
1469
741
265!
809!
419'
38
18
1122
a
i— —
26¡ . 34 264
26|.. 34 m
— -
322
729
514
523
627
153
555
199
320
353
2430|
2159
1992
1368|
418!
1364i
618'
1442
675
327 1140: 144
222i 891 259! 64! 1
145 282! 193! 45,..
148; 515 144; 64
7
137j 39'
99 415 175! 61
16
300;
74!
98
142! 293! 121! 62
14 205 96 10
428
98| 84931 3973 12466! 1200! 3376¡1245| 398 1 28 428
72801 3231 10511! 1033! 2250:1148; 3111 1 30 482
278
.2
i
H-l
•3
oa
5
Cm
s
ew
"a
02
¡3
(Repeated from the
Total.......
Last year.
1
0
55
ST A T IS T IC S OF
Binghai District . ..
Hangkong District.
Hinghwa District..
Sienyu District----Tatien District
Tehwa District... .
Yungchun District.
a
a
0
'■3
SJ
8
E-*
*3
680¡ 1|29¡453
5531 2 34:4511
9688
9933
©
6
J3
i pa-3
o
i
843
313
4 43
2 16 416
2 15
1 3
lj 2
315
83
4t'
2012
2 4 43 Ili 78 1Dilli
5| 42
1 41 251
'S
Ô
3
0
E-*
56 1230 1921
13 230 230
7 152 152
13 280 322
19 485 547
14 364 364
25 2!)
580 656
2
2
47
47
6 6 135 220
61
61
- 3
139 162 3564 4520
230 247 4981 6299
42
10
7
12
19
14
■1 '
*0
X¡
&
3
cS
X
CS
ai
0
ÌS
34
37
26
38
17
23
26
19
20
6
2347
1237
131
1476
1272
730
1110
649
1034
175
246 10161
226 9406
>■
.s
i
s .J t
•fi'S,
O ffil
*0
0
55
C o n t r ib u t io n s of1 t h e C h u r c h
o n t h e F o r e ig n F ie l d
0
J
15
27
16
44
9
10
11
9
16
5
74110
44050
20150
40340!
3890
2136
19!
10
14
1
10
8
2!
2.
8
1
6665
1GG50
20632
3220
162 232143
158 169294
co °
3 >1
15 > *
iOSl'Sl0
>coCQ
79000 184600 272900
12870
7450
1Ò4ÒÓ
3000 2ÜÓÓ 22150
9510 26000 20000
650
4300
2Ò4ÓÒ
2350
13380 35ÒÒÒ
2000
3000
20000
75 135110 269700 365850
79 29080 173180 167925,
P* a
si
Oè
I- c
£0
§■3
0T3
138
26
24:
50
21
16
14!
24
26
7
;;; ;
;;!;
... .
15000
Ä ff
f l
2 S' ! s
5 « Ora
fÖ
r° Ö
03
fc c
346
2ÒÒÓ 254
112
32;
1
■4 7 !
6!
24!
107!
94!
32!
4;
2154
1700
1022
1731
993
346
975
1223
1374
223
1232
972
130
1925!
19!
52:
473
140
375
368¡
226
518
75
418
36
30
13
214
284
63
458 11741
6IO! 7166
5686
4091!
1877
2037
3862
3248
1251
4171
1075
468
1582
1695
2091
665
HINGHWA CO NFERENCE, 1914
Report for 1912)
i
15 171 377 377: 37 1033
4000,
500
151 10450]
7
16 21, 450 450
12
6350
25 597
17: 19950
1000
2000¡
25 31! 744 876
311 31130
9 31400, 55500 25250j
39 1906
25 38¡ 434 539
38 1110
34 30690
6
5250'
1000 34400
9 2, 36
:
2550,
36
10
15 210
9
3305¡
3600:
14800
3 3i 50
50,
14 300
10
10! 5800
___!
2 8
12
7750!
7 I5500! 6ÒÒÓ
54
59
11 245
88,120! 2145 2347¡
94 175! 2800 2902
179 5401
181 5437
128) 109075
1221 107485!
61
58
686501 64000
65445 52000
... .
....|
... . 1
....I
....I
76450!
63050
8
10
31
14
8
9
8
151
112
162
95
21
106
33
1329
1500
3911
3003
872
619
599
88 680 11833
86 1152 11777
636!
941
586¡ 894
943¡ 1615
344' 1998
30
166
600! 246
120
3065
3102
6662
5453
1098
1580
760
31391 5980 21720
3798; 1986 18799
CHINA CO NFERENCE, 1914
2
10
15
..1 ..
36 82 1504 2516
250
799
530
2
6
6
6000!
42600:
18500;
27 1579
54 3735
14
43
67100!
74650:
1
4
9
500
2600
6100
...J
1
14
9200
78 189900 27329ÓÍ
....
4
28
28
24!
101
66
146
295
638
ÍÓ
8
....
60
137
191
18Ì
1079
1431
18
524
18|
531
233j
192
487
973
304! 1652
985! 3095
MISSION CONFERENCE, 1914
21 27 446 461
4500
8 663!
7
8! 22000
12 12 157 157
14
9800
7! 143001
5 332
13 21 377 377
8 28100 46200
3
3200
6 510|
11
7900
6
8270
5
203 203
11 515
H
18 41 835 1019
11 31600 92000
12 1100)
8 21200
75 112 2018 2217
42 3120Î
32!
669701
1000
....
__ ¡
40
... ! ... 1 22
4
25
___
10
28
....!
12' 322
......
... . !
$
$
89200
90200
45
81900 138200
I
16!
18!
14!
8!
6!
is;
5
19
8
s
$ 1 $
5200:
61650! 350000 75ÓÓÒ
14700 10000 17500
3000!
2150,
17980! 5ÓÒÓ 2ÒÓÒÒ
17750! 12000 10000
1000
2950! 2000
1700!
111!
48!
193|
225!
542.
228
137
113
55
67
4
14
6
16
383
221
341
334
943
26
437
1119,
600
40
2222
S
100
218
53
63
12
38
43
40
6
g
138
320
96
118
14
82
144!
87
14
S
$
246
$
296
464
203
88
11
73
102
22
___
$
1092
1776
921
445
62
445
625
266
90
603 1259
6901 922
5732
5298
CHINA CO NFERENCE, 1914
3fi
12
15
25
,»
3a
5
8
25
36
12
15
26
9
35
8
11
25
533 533
343 1657
286 599
680 680
157 157
489 905
252 567
141 226
317 357
170! 177 3198 5681
94 96 1485 3088
1
20j
8
20!
19!
4!
21
3|
18j
5:
1310
1141
838
1003
125
1558
490
733
250
20
12
14
9
6
17
2
18
8
$
12700
13400
12250
11100
5800
5085
16750
12225
1650
118' 7448
94! 5197
106
98
90960
68015
112 127080 379000 1235Ö0
106 104710, 362000 101500
279
3850
3400
2700
1325Ò
8ÒÒ
470
24470!
24370!
....
....
573 1013
595 1178
312
774
343
132
25
167!
336
115
70
2274
1736
22Ò
44
"85
’ ""2
St a t i s t i c s o f w e s t c h i n a
(Repeated from the
All Bums of money are in Mexican dollars ($1 Mex. *= 60 cents, gold). For equivalents in
e
cj S.?
■
•g
oo
gm fccg te «
r
i
•55 J3 JSÊ? 0 £
rf
So
5 ..[
6 ..
..
4
Total.............................. 161151 18
Last year........................ 15112 12
ç a
O eS
*0
§
g
4 is
2 13 ..
8
i 11
20
210
303
59
349
£ §
c
c
os
XO c3—
Ch H 320 53U
551 854
7fi 135
95 444
261 929
O 8
-3 0
N
•43 £>
5“ 5
3
§
I f
cD
*0
<
1
! “ Ï
.g
S'S
Se g
0 <
u“o
ÔS Ö
a
a
p
500
600
300
400
14i 1100
® o
50
73
30
5cm
$
00
>»
Jj
-2
a
0
g CO
-o •S
3 3
4 4
1(1 9
2 2
1 1
Total............................... 22121
Last year........... ............ 22¡20
2 2
1 36
2 28
2
3 62
6 83
5
13 1 ?0! 149
3 81
2 24
2
3 21
183 1685
.. 9 969;
.. 10 346 422 768 137 1220
.. V 594 677; 1271 197 1916
.. 8 3027 1329! 4356 438 4723
.. 25 3320 40301 7350 1301 4422
1272 1671! 2943 534 3079
..
600 481i 1081 111 1097
..
.. 8 823 283i 1106 117 1265
0
24 3 30,474 ..
21 2 13 421 ..
Jz
541
46
511
81 ! ..I 4
332 2 fi 49
119
421
34
244
450
4 40
2 10
S T A T IS T IC S O F NORTH
18 9
J 10i 7:
. .! 14 1G
. . 17 14
.. ..! 2841 719 3560
.. .. 2552 479 3031
. . .1 2340 1847 4187
..
2355 1751 4106
191;
203
226
189
. .110088 4796 14884
..! 9860 453Ö 14396
809
;.! 65! 46 ..
..! 68: 42 ..
Total...............................
Last year.........................
...
...
2
1
1
1
91
89
78
73
Total..............................
Last year.........................
!
:
18 8
19 24
18 9
18 65
..I
..
..
..
528 3171
654 3105
3403
575 4326
209
182
340
189
56 . .
74'..
79 ..
73 106
78 110
.. ¡11715 2290 14005
..111362 2135 13497
920
826
283 !..
292 ..
2643
2451
2870
3751
m
Total.............................. ..I..
Last year........................
©
¡z;
7 4 '..
'S
s
CO
3
0
0
£
]
30 600 73'J
23 742: 854
20, 407! 415
16: 351 373
42:1139! 1172
Aj -Û
S
I 3Ü
•s
!
=
• §
§H
¡> 0
’s !
„
■s s.
0
0
ó
£
oa
1
Xi
x>
ce
tn
1
a
0
:
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C
O
A
£3
! 0jfi
¡z ;o
500
651
418
560
i as
6000
i^coCQ
Q
-2
C o n t r ib u t io n s o f t h e C h u r c h
on t h e F o r e ig n F ie l d
JS
38 35000
48' 32027
0
£ fS
s
s '®
§0
0g
fe ñ
feoq (S
53&
3
241
12
e!
161
47800 94173! 61500
42075 94173;. 61500
bD
"Ö
s a>
O
3
a
i
0
*T3 _
£-< c
■S?
g-g
-3Æ
14600; 56400! 26200!
189501 30798 35600!
7350!
450
4550! 5125;
23501 1400: 9700
3000
5500
10500
1010
$
&
Ê
«
a
Cj O ^
10000
72: 3229;
79i 2561!
>>a
88
SPjir,
eö.-^ a;
"C.&DÎ
1- 0 c
°a O
s ^ s >>
°j£& o | g
24
12
8
14
58; 581
175! 223¡
0 030
. O.
& £
:0 P h
a "3
0-3 Jrg
tn>
-5 £ a
_ 0>
0 0
166
70
106
116
170,
170
628i
823
308
564 1616
717| .. . . ! 1938
36
2881
24
421
96!
114!
538
206
176
242
454
CONFERENCE, 1914
19 32 507 507
7 8 136 136
8 20 418 418
43 90 2009 2257
50 125 2593 3205
25 40 760 760
7 9 135 135
13¡ 22 425 425
172 346 6983 7843
182|339: 5860 6136
34
16
45
65
64
93
21
29
2166
777
2544
8467
5577
3460
792
1836
57
IV
45
82
96
107
43
34
4857
1340
7256
55699
68915
10653
2530
11015
367 25619i 481 162265
362
_456! 134209
9
2
4
25
22
6
6
10
11798
106
823
33077
37841
446
5530
12660
3444
27687
23965
1470
10000
1275Ü
84 102281
88 135148
93736,
55310!
14420
11000I
420:
37;
122!
22
’ 5S01 857
510,
170
14
340
258
130
1738'
1235
817
34
304
268
77
48
200
604
82«
451
99
117
1696.
182;
773 ;
4221
66881
1196
560:
1242
1057
547:
584
4133
2540:
875
434
458
3327
491,
1243!
7908
9783
3703
1144
2193
6242
1293
2834
17170
19905
6302
2285
4092
16558 10628 29792 60123
14636 9131 24886 50608
GERMANY CONFERENCE, 1914
...
...
49
57
50
55
•••
...
...1
3365
3375
3043
3983
13 1562778
25 1009800
19 813574
22 983166
211 13766
204 12123
7914369318
78 4529968,
2628 136S 1157
4627S lo96 917
4720 890 tÜO
4754 1874 1273
35340 12003 25145 75013
38591 titi14 24431 72149
36727 4615 21610 64597
49224 9904 30154 92429
58380 5728 4102 150S82! 33136 101340 304188
¡3037185: 72838 6870 llStxi 177930, 23012 100596:320274
GERMANY CONFERENCE, 1914
79
76
94
93
3225¡
3137
4783]
5161;
3211397210
38| 689000
3511024410
4211032724
252493Î
460732
342 16306: 147¡4143344
347; 167371 146 4016034
All sums of money are in francs (1 franc = $0,193). For equivalents in
..
'S
B
C3
"O
g
•J
S T A T IS T IC S O F SW ITZERLAND
Central District......................
East District.......................... . . . .
West District......................... ..j ..
9
Ah
•43
95 131i 3239! 3557
Sl:125| 2405! 2651
_T
5 331
1 372
S T A T IS T IC S O F SOUTH
1
..1 ..
J
..[
..
..
All sums of money are in marks (1 mark = (0.238). For equivalents in
Frankfurt District..................
Heilbronn District..................
Karlsruhe District..................
Stuttgart District...................
.5
55 1
All sums of money are in marks (1 mark = $0,238). For equivalents in
Berlin District............ ...........!•••!••
Bremen District.....................
Dresden District..................... . . . .
Leipzig District......................
1
f
16
21
14
13
31
10 67 2\ 24 232
3018 19407 1240! 759 2 6 53
2461 17652 1523! 675¡ 1 5! 10
67110951
8l| 10822
S
*0 *o
0 0
0
4: 22|..
4l 33 ..
152Í
651
101
234;
367
153!
88
86;
¿3
*o
w
©
a
8
S
All Hums of money are in yen (1 yen = 10.50). For equivalents in
2 2
a
0
g
g
M
©
3
0)
tc W
*o "0
2 12'..
12 1589 1303 28921 167| 2900
5. 1486 858 23481 17l| 1315
7 70
e 74
Û)
S
O
S
g
ST A T IS T IC S O F KOREA
Haiju District........................
Kongju East District..............
Kongju West District.............
Pyongyang District.................
Seoul District.........................
Suwon District.......................
Wonju District.......................
Yengbyen District..................
JS
O
‘SS 0 'S
8
u* a
S •§-sf V •a
>
3
0
Sfc, 0 0
Chengtu District.................... 8! 8
Chungking District................. 4; 4
Hochow District..................... 111
Suining District...................... 11 lj
Tsechow District....................
Report for 1913)
,2190093; 4145’
i: 1330; 1638
1344: 1438
‘ 1850 1572
! 17%; 2325
41954|
42090
47389
57373
. 7855!
4304!
6483,
6686;
23743
19007
21228
26361
76520
68183
78522
94541
6320 6973! 188806 25328 90339 317766
6263 22451177594; 28256 91534 305892
C O N F E R E N C E , 1914
8
7
7
347»
3067
2930
369 3848
266 3333
220 3150
1
1
1
69
61
55
85 8521
109 7955
68 8036
25 1472800
29 1113400
25 1577740
16 807264
7 84800
9 283500
1207436 47871 3577 156S 52946 30423: 286881117202
502238 27107 3491 1554, 4S269 7498! 29306| 90118
1080786 8532 2453 1116; 49S01 286644! 26832¡366846
45 22
45 21
9476
9336
855 10331
888 10224
3 185
5 265
262 24512
264 24708
79 4163940
78 3701909
32 1175564
32 1112182
2790460 83510 9521 4238 151016 324565: 848261574166
2352915 82782 9101 37711144782;13740S1 811691373231
15
14
16
280
iV
S T A T IS T IC S
O F AU STRIA-H UN GARY
(Repeated from the
All sums of money are in crowns (1 crown = $0,203). For equivalents in
MISSION CO NFERENCE, igi4
Report of 1913)
s
m
jï Ï? '
a
M
.2
.2
•g-s
tm
■
S'S
a.'o
es3
«V
£ Ls
as o
1
&
H
CO
*0
“o
0
Z
O
6
£c5 «c is
0
Z
I
S
J
s
JW
S
aP
CÖT1
is
> 0
5
£
•¿s
-g
H
©
S
O es
«,-ß
J o
T3
u, s
3
com3
630 Z g
Bacs-Szentamas...............
Budapest.........................
Graz...............................
Triest..............................
Ujvidek...........................
Verbasz...........................
Vienna: First Church........
Second Church.............
Ë 0
:3EC e8
e
§-•§« ©r°.£
¿«1
SS 00
I rt es >i
V«
O
a°JS0i
-o ^ • s l ì
CÖ’S O
>coCQ
97
42
'72
87
157!
76
$
_a
3
¡fi
8
&
3
a.
a
0
w
1
«
a
1®
■fs-S
O
STJ
<!*S
1
1
2!
1:
6000:
10923
3300
36000
1600
10500
1921
122
5!
4
56223
54785,
14021
12814
122
s i
fe.S u g
Ut §
U
tS
O 0)
fcCQ
be
TJ
5*0
00 «
S 0
..[
..
..!
.;
.
.!
263
321
38
12
188
76
684
184
.!
1766
66
Total.......
Last year.
16
15
S T A T IS T IC S O F DENMARK
6 6
3 4
11 15
——
—
Total..............................
Last year........................ ..
20 25
24
— :—
All sums of money are in crowns (1 crown ■= $0.268). For equivalents in
;
I
1225! 101] 1326
43;..
1
746! 57 803
17!••! •• " 1 " r " "
1
1761 213 1974
68 ..
------ ;------- ^----— — ,----37321 371 4103
128 ..
3732! 372| 4104 . . .
...1 .. 107!..
S T A T IS T IC S OF SWEDEN
Eastern District..................... i..
Northern District...................
Southern District....................
Western District.....................
22
14
22:
27,
Total..............................
Last year........................
58
32:
39
56!
All sums of money are in krona (1 kronor = $0.268). For equivalents in
4803 166! 4969! 601 ....! .. 2 2 .. 1
221 . . . 1 .. 21 ..
.. .. 2098 242! 234C
36 . . . 1
3 291..
.. ; .. i .. J .. ! .
4270 289; 4559
.. 1
31|..
63j ... !
.. .. 4232 270: 4502
..! ••
85'185
90 177 ..
15403 967 16370
15830 1101 16931:
13 31 ..1 ..
17 39 . . I
6 6
Total __
Last year.
36 76
39 67 . .!
2152
2567
693
5412
5696
241 2393
210 2777
80 773
531 5943
534 6230
170!
428!
54!
1
652;
1
117!
147!
2 34!..
——
2 298!
1 254!..
S T A T IS T IC S O F ITALY
Rome District........................
ii i
2| 2
Total..............................
Last year........................
3! 3
3: 3
435 1653 1550
333 1270 1020
257 1314 1100
4
4
1?18
937
1057
1
26!..
34
24,..
..j
i 5
4
3
42 31 39
44 34| 29
3212 1025 4237 3670
3211 1379 4590
5
4
84 ..
..1
68;.. ..1 ..!
1 £
1 i
Grenoble.................... ■.......... .
Toulon...................................
. -1
1 1
l! 1
2
1
1
1
2
4 4
4 6
110
36
25
45
216
187
135
85
27
5
70
322
245
282
245
85
63
30
115
538
432
10
8
4; 68300
3: 36500
10: 105200
60, 5317
60i 5627
30 864952
30 859052
ìli 210000;
-
—
0 0
I
I
i
24!
46;
89!
288!
....|
SS
r? a
155
35
76
140
207
265
216
96
114
176
441
430
1188
280
447| 1190
342j
3403
342
418
---- !
...•i
. . . i 133644 11045 1550
....
93438
632 420
....! 225380 5571 1626
..................j 452462! 17248 3596
..................j 464084 ! 2915; 2962
17 210000
279 9749; 546 26212 38336
161 5625
565 6867 13638
542 11244| 1864 25053 40329
982 26618! 2975 58132 92303
1486 23811 3203 45563 77025
CONFERENCE, 1914
521 42781
31 3218
46 6444 !
661 4825
47 115145ÌI
27! 456070
36 648656
50. 712769
j 1458241 . . . . 1 . . . . I 411039 16348
I2OOOO; . . . . I . . . . 243958 3351
127100'
....
....1316814 4439
529000
... .
. . . . 729145 9171
-------------------------------1
921924
.................. 1700956 33309
822861!
.................. 1623440 43326 20372 209Ò5
160:2968946
16012914655
57694!
31134;
50968
51616!
12248!
9373;
39643
17763j
47573:117515
30332; 70839
33493!124104
43608j112987
1914121 7902711550061425445
190852; 60250'142744j435185
CONFERENCE, 1914
l mted States currency see statistical summary of Foreign Missions
21 3653
27 4112
9 1265
19 394440
26 450610
10 251500
57 9030
56 8676
55
54
106580
168226
138360
2000
78069
8 140360
7 120860
352866
346785
3156 1806
2409 2176
2108 59'
5811 21042 8359, 26649, 58437
698; 28681 11620' 28646 71821
265i 7270 2772! 11076 21980
7673 4579 1544 56993 22751 6637l|152238
8530 3468 1520 53711 17749 552641131712
CONFERENCE, 1914
5 1
5 2 25 180
18 1302
21 1054
15 951
7 610001
5 26800
9 167500j
5 2 25 180
9 1 36 182
245
337
430
528
54 3307
63 3102
21 255300^
23 282530!
— — — —
°-3
l'nited States currency see statistical summary of Foreign Missions
70
20
340
6
4
-
91 364700
5 152500
16j 347752
70
20
155
S T A T IS T IC S O F FRANCE
1
211 1967
12 892
27| 2458
;
15 1?! ?,
g gì 1
19 11 36
! I
1
!
1
Albertville..............................
.. J.. : .. 1 ..
Grenoble District
__
-----
——
39)
10
S3 f
CONFERENCE, 1914
195!18765i
198!18863!
S T A T IS T IC S OF NORWAY
Beigen District___
Kristiania‘District..
Trondhjem District.
597
511
« If
f i
3&
üS
fe'o
r
(=* Ö
a
l nited States currency see statistical summary of Foreign Missions
. .!
3 103!..
2 120:..
18ll ...
342i ...
All sums of money are in crowns (1 crown= $0.268). For equivalent? in
Total..............................
Last year........................
C ontributions op th e C hurch
on the F oreign F ield
a
■■3
port of
lurch
0a
s i
i
.3
.9
d I
R
g J83 Ïa
O,
H
1-3!
10
4
lOj
S ' $ 1 $
$
50000
...
. .
25000
21500: 30000,
473001
91500 130000; 200000 108000J
$
... .
... .
....
24j 163000 160000 200000 180300| ....
15 324600
....I 238000 122600! ....
* i
142;
98!
264|
* i
741
387
955
S ! S
936: .
408! ... .
1537! .... ;
$ 1
390!
272!
486
S
2209
1165
3242
504 ! 2083; 2SS1
434; 711! 4(J67
.... ; 1148 6616
6501; 866 13479
$ 1 $
$
M I S S IO N C O N F E R E N C E , 1914
4
95
*> 50
1
50
1
15
2: 100
10; 310
9| 302,
$
$
2000
2000;
2000 !
"l
1
$
... !
... ;
...
...! ...
2ÓÓÓ
2000
2000
26
2 83
15! 4000
$
164
36
25
65
120
164
36
25
65
120
4101 410
511! 4561
ST A T IS T IC S O F FINLAND
All sums of money are in Finnish marks (1 Finnish mark = $0,193). For equivalents in
CONFERENCE, 1914
a js
I s
ja
03
os
UK
•csf?
JS
y , Eh
CO
■§
GQ
•s
*C
0
55
Abo District
Finnish District
Helsingfors District
Vasa District
S T A T IS T IC S OF RUSSIA
(According to the
All sums of money are in the Russian ruble (1 ruble = $0,515). For equivalents it
Total............
Last year.
6 ll . .1 9i
6 ..! .
336* 105
211! 39
441
250
12 ! 1 . . : 9
547| 144
55G! 153!
709
1
-1! .2
. 1 11
2
II
1
691
11
11
7 17 ..j ..
10 53 .. 1
12 8 ..
11 18! ..
10 9; ..
437 212 64!)
2410 2443 4853
1494 277; 1771
792
61' 853
774 733j 1507
35
30
110
50 105! ..
43 86'
5907 3726 9633
5718 2728, 8446
175
109
46¡ 28
348! 154
j
1
1| 9|350
2j 3
3! 6
0
2
2 128
2 142! ..
1
310 1060 1370 2457
312 980 1292 2392
5370
1305 1838
3
CO
Total............................... 12 12
Last year......................... 12 11
2 3
37
39
2 52
ll 9¡350
11 91302
——
1
1
Total.............................. 13 11
11|10
1
4 ..! 12
41 3: 3
1
1927 3878 5805 10219
1421 3638 5059 9531
610 259
129 92
■■ 4
2| 2
323
89
518
89
841
178
9
25
210
2
2Í 6
,.| 5
412
279
607 1019
464 743
34
60
212
... 1 89
284
42 3547
45 3657
8927861
878581I
O
„ - “ CO
a « :*>
•s a a
0 0 a
s
Ö
•g
G
>ODCQ
7800C|
S
Í2
*0
^ Jd
Si
0 a
ÛS
'S 9
§ 8 *
kc £
2
5
2
3
to
2
s
W
I
o » -3 o
s-s ^•2 ok. g
C
a-s
U
00
§0
“
g
£ 3
140900! 38ÖÖ 512 889 54571
182393: 1361 605 2399 7429j
33900! 5150 1739 637 10565
55852¡ 275 798 264 5630
I2ÓÓ0 I
90000
90000!
f §
S Pi
0«
ss
£ oo
0 ’S
r -< 03
e
f=
H
3224'
2921
4147¡
11071
124431
23230!
15858
11174
22525
36584
32946
18973
146001 413045 10586 3654 4189! 29081! 11399: 62705 111028
8207 422163
4211 232] 30291i 215271 70899 127160
35185
40000
4
3
150lti)
7000
5
8
$ !
6620,
23112
25800
20500
714
230
106
(¡I
15
...
... .
2500
2524 3359
1152 3943
513
273
9390
16600
20 786
21 8Ö0
25990
20820
s
114
V2
$
7300
13 297321
10! 24390i
7300
7300
186
12 1,
g
s
455
8
142
$
S
192 - 879
218
901
100 t)
1188!
150
51
410
62
$ I
821 !
1273!
2212
894
655j
$
554
2267
3573
1884
725
554
1780
1655
CONFERENCE, 1914
6
6
25 29
10 11
575 219
WO
153500
302500
340286;
96500!
& S S
°M 1
J;
Report for 1913)
49! 39'
518 ! 182
(Repeated from the
1
4 ..¡1 2
46
59!
1¡ 6
..j ..
S T A T IS T IC S O F W E ST C E N T R A L AFRICA
Angola District...................... 10 8
Madeira Islands District......... 3 3
46
!
(Repeated from the
1
1
Zü
0 .0 #
MISSION CO NFERENCE, 1914
4'i
S T A T IS T IC S O F E A S T C E N T R A L AFRICA
Inhambane District................ 3 3
Limpopo District.................... 2 2
Rhodesia District................... 7 7
«uà
S"
«
e8.-*5
a d
> °
'S? ®
«0
J §
’•S 3
$JS 6
Liiited States currency see statistical summary of Foreign Missions
1 11 .V
(Repeated from the
Total.................................' 6 111
Last year...........................' 6! 9;
>"J-o
-a
5 474
26 16U
6 785
5 673
8
cI
CD
MISSION, 1914
40
S T A T IS T IC S OF LIBERIA
Bassa District..............................!..
Cape Palmas District............. 21 5
Monrovia District................... : 3 4
Saint Paul River District............. ..
Sinoe District...........................; 1 2j
55
S-S
J o
19 795!
14! 810
STA T IS T IC S OF BULGARIA
Sofia District.......
Timova District..
O
C o n t r ib u t io n s o p t h e C h u r c h
'S
■
fj
Report of 1913)
245! 207' 452
229! 190 419
Total........
Last year...
S
O
O
I
9, 505
39; 1899
12! 1163
16, 753
14j 1070
$
10, 17650
22, 38325
14! 55960
16] 40342
12! 8550
1
23
2
S
150
12800
3650
6
5595
901 5390
821 5048
74¡ 160827
70* 157535
32
33
22195
24020
$
75
8
95
338
516
239
$
25
172
197
133
$
5855! 9003
4494! 4435
$
1375
3540
5785
2778
.1380
14858
8929
MISSION CO NFERENCE, 1914
Report for 1913)
35 866 866
35 733 733
63 3846 3846
34 995
26 961
45 3757
133 5445 5445
122 5281 5281
105 5713
115 6412;
$
1860
191
480
57 38450
281
! $
4
5535
1
5000
53 19795
8500
3300
63410
15750!
40001
58 30330
60! 33420
75210
62650
15750!
11000
4000
4000;
$
14000
$
1084
$
5115
1106!
1240
745
* !
. 1
25j
$
125
$
691
25!
4!
125
171
409! 6764
2559: 4410
MISSION CO NFERENCE, ig i4
Report for 1913)
646
96
15 1242
3 118
12
1
$
12470
1500
20
2
$
30830,
24500J
$...
742 742
1 503
18 1360
15 750
13
14
13970
13375
22
17
55330'
54125!
14000
¿250! 17000
646
35; 32
211 29
285
1084
$
550
550
550
$
”9
691
48
$
"2Ò
$
816
45
20
100
861
332
117
115
1
3
55
37
Total Contributions
on the Field
37
80
For Other
Local Purposes
2
6
For Church Building
and Repairing
3 2
For Support of the
Local Church
30
16
$
$
%
$
$
$
$
S
$
$
%
$
Algiers:
French Church and Work...
Moslem Work.....................
Constantine (and Kroubs).......
French Church and Work. . .
Moslem and Jewish Work...
Kabylia:
Fort National.....................
French and Moslem Work...
Oran:
Spanish and Moslem Work..
Tonis:
Church, Evangelistic, Moslem
Home and Training Class. . .
19
5
8
1
27
6
2 50,
1 251
16
3
‘ l3
11
’ ¿¡I
14
3 80
5
li
6
13
2!
j
10;
15
15
46
50
112:
110:
5
3 2
21 ..
Total...............................
Last year.......................
'il.
1 10
1
25
54
1
5
4 50
[3
75
125
2
80
5 60
3
80j 140
15
“ 2
'Í2
21300
29
31
787 1145
704 1037
12
9
235
215
1
5 25
2.
(i
...
m
!
ST A T IS T IC S O F CONGO
Mwater Yamoo......................
N o t e . —Other
4
8
6
9i
••
3!
Total........................ ....'12 12
Last year.................. . . . . 12 9
2 2 13 12
2 1749 1025 2774
2
15 29 28 25 1074 1007 2081
797 398 1195
1
7 10 10
5
3
?
35 51 38 27 3620 2430 6050
28 51 36 13 3685 1870 5555
1
1 3 3
1. j
2 7 22S
1| 4j- 7 2 11 49
629Í 60151 50 464 ..
15 5168' 21 435!..
li 4¡
l! 4!
..!
21 2.\'
7
5 2 11 ®
S T A T IS T IC S O F CHILE
All sums of money are in pesos (1 peso — $0.365). For equivalents in
;
12 12
5 1?,
ft ?
Southern District................... 6 13
..!
• •!
4
2
3
in
1
8
62
. ; 519
297
884
17«« 1486 3948
1881 1589 3470
. .1 9 19
43! 30 25
25 39
Last year......................... 30 43
18: 80
387 906
202; 499
879! 1763
1
1
57
11 39
17 126
1
Kfi
38
55 m
53 167
38
••
S T A T IS T IC S O F N O R TH
Parmmn District................... . 2 2
Peru District.......................... 6 5
Total............................... 8 7
Last year........................ 8| 7
'2ÒÒ
200
20 I®
1 8
1
2 \b 250
fi 47 ; 875
6 47187o
ANDES
:::!
' 65
...i
400
10
6oj
10
462,
60
133]
173
463
35Í
15
35Í
15
30
430
30
100
65
465
1020
1062 1597
281| 1904
!
!
‘ 3ÓÒ'
100
"i
1
$
$
%
$1 j $
$
$
Í5ÓÓ
600
$
$
i8òò
700
$
Ì8ÒÒ
700
3
400
2
...i ...
2100
...
2500
2500
farming implements, $250; household furniture, $700; other mission equipments, organ, etc., $300; book store stock, $300—total, $2,750.
AM ERICA CO NFERENCE, 1914
108
959
23V
33 2401j
35 2309;
20 1145!
S
15 523550
22 88300
10 177500
$
8 175300
10 70750
0 15300
12' 31 1017 1304
17 54 1311 1376
88 5855:
80 4766 !
47 789350
43 774150
105
731
1S1
4ÒÓÓÓ
$ 1
16050
3600
19070
$ 1
2200!
2375
426Ö
s
$ 1
500 3238
239 1490
208 975]
70000
82000
38720
58780
8841
2950
947 5703 29541 7130! 17466 60787
941 6301! 22521 10762 12132 52657
$
88000
$
30000
20000
23 261350 108000
23 240835 105000
$
S ;
19009. 2280;
6680 22951
3852 2555:
$
S
1289 26316
7954 18658
8223 15813
CONFERENCE, ig i4
...
625
1
... 1 25Ò
1
30
15 871
10 423
33 2232
6 231200
5 166900
12 57500
4
2
7
40000
6000
38000
875
875
59 3556
62 3406
23 455600
25 367700
13
13
84000
80587
389
*
....
ÌÒÓÓ 7800
10589
7903
10620
2083
2050
3400
2109 14781
2833 12786
1997 16017
1989
586
29112
34739
7533
6939 43584
36396
$
$
455
98
$
455
1018
553
89
1473
1416
7800
243
MISSION CO N FEREN CE, 1914
127
360
tffil 388
744 1104
40
157
42
125
650
125
596
4
8
245
620
3
7
4 2
5 21
200
1
9
8
1
1
7 17
5 10
9 23
2 8
487 1005 1492
381 972 1353
197
134
200
42
1
675
533
721
576
12
13
865
936
3
2
286
$
$
2
1
1765¡ 19 258 i .
Ì48 2090! 30 148|..
481 2160;
1 58 j..
i
...
j
2;
ST A T IS T IC S O F EA STER N SOUTH
Buenos Aires District....... . . . . 6; 6
Northern District............ ....i 2, 2
Uruguay District............. . . . . { 4j 4
....
173
463
MISSION, 1914
2!
23;
...I
Properties at Kambove: Two residences, $550; two offices, $250: shop, $150; four dormitories, $250; carpentry ami
'
1
2
For Other
Benevolent Purposes
260
319
For Foreign
Missions
210
280
Amount Paid on sue!
Indebtedness
2!
7
7
'S
0
Debt on Real Estate
3o
H
Value of all Property
the Woman’b Foreign
Missionary Society
O.T3
« s
pa-3
Value of Orphanages,
Schools, Hospitals,
Book Rooms, etc.
h
Ö
j Estimated Value of
Parsonages or Homes
S .a
•S3
ê
M
C o n t r ib u t io n s o f t h e C h u r c h
"o
X
No. of Parsonages
j or Homes
1=1
E
CS
O
J3
CO
-a
'S
sa
cc
"o
Estimated Value of
Churches and Chape
g2
-0
J. O «
i O
S
S-£ •S--'S
_ ce
a
_o
No. of Churches and
Chapels
§
£
^.2§
o
No. of Sabbath Scho
8
beI
=K
T
RO
SA
Ì
ft 'Ës
m
£i
e f a
0
O
0
2
2
_O
a
552 Ï5
2 °
•S 68
No. of Pupils in san
I«
-
'S - g-s
I No. of Elementary Schools |
|— ------------------ ---! No. of Teachers in s
S T A T IS T IC S O F NOR TH AFRICA
S
36000
$
$
36000
30500
$
$
13864
13864
287
$
$
«
$
37
130
753
37
55
130
67
753
1165
40
ST A T IS T IC S O F MEXJCO
(Repeated from the
All sums of money are in Mexican dollars (81 Mex. = 50 cents, gold). For equivalents in
.2 S
H
.ÏÏ
O o
Jg
&
ti ts
^3.2
S3
_ a
■sä
Central District...
Eastern District..
Northern District.
Oaxaca District. ..
Orizaba District..
Puebla District...
Total___
Last year.
“31
2
1 1
3
10 10
10 10
i
8s.
.3
g
£
CO
— cc
E
, o
>5 *
•S®
O8
a-s "O.S
as
7\ 11
5
3
5
13
1
1541
1289
603
1443i
299!
2015
13 60j 26 45 63 37 36981 3492 7190
10 63! 33! 45 38 9 35201 360"! 7127
288
3220
3694
1316
3093
760
2241
14324 153 287
14391 196 348
a
O
g
B
•S*
s
8
p
03
0 *3 „
0
O
0
0
ft
5s
Ä
«
JS
Ci
œ
œ
1
.9
.2
g
•0 M
IS
Er*
¡5
3
4
01
8 8
o a
CONFERENCE, 1914
Report for 1913)
S5
b£>
W
©
’ S,
9
*
H
«
H
Pk
0
*0
*0
0
c
Ô
55
ÏS
58
8 52 171
6 19 212
.2
s
£
p
aï
P
H
C o n t r ib u t io n s o p t h e C h u r c h
0
0
¿a
-3
*o
-a
0
.0
•s
J3
0)
»4-t
T3
a
es
8
§0
Ih
9
_ «
J s
CS J3
s s
œ
CC
GG
*0
C
O g,
Ö
O
ri S
O
2ü
*J3 9
CD.23
M O
*
9
a
0
£
S
rrT ¿i
CîJS
cs.tü 0
>
0
12 aSP
Ï I
Z
8
° 1
SW
J e
0
À
s
Ûœ 95* P-( _ 0
ôâ g
a § h
(«H9 Q
g
5 S
° J 9 « a0> fe
.£
0 0 M
= 2 o *5 _g JS
W Ph
H
■g
ai
a
0
S
Q
714 766
11U6 1152
403 418
532 532
398 398
1293 1351
20 1192
II 548
11 492
13 613
y 448
34 1757
15 190100
9 51100
7 26100
7
8300
3 14100
19 49800
8 126000 70000! 200000
6 31100
6000[ 50000
6 19000 105000 30000
4 22100!
....1
6 35600 15500
6 18100 180600 110000
61 .. 4446 4617
60l .. 4618 4830
98 5050
98 4709
60 339500
60 331150
36 251900 377100 390000
35 232200 376500! 370000
10
9
5
14
8 ..
15 ..
©
S
o r° .S J
289
J3
9
œ
O
« Ï
•*’5
5 "o
■as
g-g
S'S
<i.S
©Ë
§0
GO- 2
g
s aa
OfS
u
0 -3
r° O
03
306
131
83
44
79
217
Iß» 17218
145 3137
718 19171
87 1913
86 1896
258 54891
860 1463 98226
1254 1172 101198
184| 4057 21934
70! 880 4363
1 4?4 20390
462
936 3442
578 2694
55
348
678 56392
1119!
2592
7553109221
6664'112880
Ge n e r a l D a t a
T reasurers’ Report and Appropriations fo r 1915.
M em oirs A dopted by the Board.
A nnual M eetings in 1914.
M issionaries by M issions and Conferences.
Alphabetical List o f Missionaries.
Changes A m ong M issionaries, 1914.
Recruits o f the Board o f Foreign Missions, 1914.
M issionaries in Am erica.
R etired M issionaries o f the Board.
W om an’s Foreign M issionary Society.
Sum m ary o f Statistics o f the Foreign Missions.
Appropriations to Foreign Missions, 1905-1915.
Finances o f the M issionary Society, 1819-1906.
Finances o f the Board, 1907-1914.
Sum m ary o f Statistics.
In Memoriam.
Lists o f Patrons and H on orary L ife Managers.
Charter, Constitution, and B y-L aw s.
O rder o f Business, Board Meetings.
290
Tr e a s u r e r s ' R e p o r t
TO THE GENERAL COM M ITTEE OF FOREIGN MISSIONS FOR THE
YEAR ENDING OCTOBER 31, 1914
Receipts from Conferences and Missions
From Nov. 1,
1911, to
Oct. 31, 1912
Ala.hn.mn..............................
A laska M ission........................................
Arizona M ission......................................
Arkn.TlR?lfl, ..................................................
A tlan ta. . , ...............................................
A tla n tic.
...............
...................
Austria-Hungary Misssion C o n f.........
A u stin ........................................................
................., ,
Rflltimnrp
B en gal........................................................
B lack Hills M ission...............................
$402
155
1,143
615
524
36
58
1,371
29,864
126
365
00
00
40
50
00
00
40
00
00
66
00
From Nov. 1,
1912, to
Oct. 31, 1913
$458
157
1,304
538
436
00
00
00
00
00
Central Alabama . ...................................
Cftntxal C h in a ............... ........................
Central G erm an......................................
Central Illinois........................................
Central M issouri.....................................
Central New Y o r k .................................
Central O hio............................................
Central Pennsylvania............................
Central Provinces...................................
Central Sw edish......................................
Central Tennessee..................................
Chicago G erm an.....................................
C h ile ...........................................................
C incinnati.................................................
Colorado....................................................
Colum bia R iv e r .......................................
Dakota.......................................................
D elaw are............................................... ....
Dfinmfl.rlr.........
...............
Des M oin es..............................................
D etro it.......................................................
E a st Cen. A frica Mission C o n f..........
E ast G erm an ............................................
E a st M aine................. .............................
E a st Tennessee........................................
Eastern South A m erica.........................
Eastern Sw edish......................................
Erifi , ,
, ........... .........................
Fin lan d........................... .......................
F lorida.......................................................
F oochow .................. .................................
France Mission C o n f.......................
00
00
00
00
26,801
95
393
249
92
00
00
00
27,028 95
160 00
51
11,238
989
396
67
22
00
70
64
11,452
1,041
443
29
32
00
75
4,587
16,772
466
24,008
21,214
34,186
55
2,858
345
2,872
145
18,416
11,565
7,663
7,941
2,009
, 779
19,317
18.162
50
55
12
06
28
80
00
00
00
00
00
92
32
42
4,759
14,349
616
26,958
00
77
35
04
4,510
16,763
624
28,889
17
22
91
50
34,090
53
3,000
357
3,018
134
29
00
00
00
00
65
34,718
63
2,955
247
2,712
21
17
32
00
00
00
48
13,033
7,498
6,809
3,624
798
17,788
20,779
65
58
80
00
38
71
31
13,920
7,308
7,503
2,989
969
26,400
21,356
00
27
80
00
54
47
13
3,004
1,675
631
846
1,638
17,703
590
368
00
22
90
00
00
00
48
00
2,987
2,008
611
919
1,595
19,114
00
'
2,457
1,603
427
755
1,618
18,315
585
331
143
25
291
00
59 20
66 38
California. fifir m a n ..................................
$559
108
1,099
639
828
309
219
58
48
10,250
995
630
Bliift R id gfv-A tlan tic
B o m b ay.....................................................
Bulgaria Mission C o n f..........................
Burm a Mission C o n f.............................
C alifornia..................................................
From Nov. 1,
1913, to
Oct. 31, 1914
68
10
51
46
44
00
22
00
00
00
83
83
00
05
00
00
49
45
54
89
00
80
22
00
00
00
38
291 00
157 60
26 00
2 92
From Nov. 1,
1911, to
Oct. 31, 1912
Genesee......................................................
G eorgia......................................................
G u lf............................................................
Hawaii M ission.......................................
H inghw a....................................................
H olston......................................................
Id ah o ..........................................................
Illinois.......................................................
Indiana,................................................
Io w a ............................................................
Italian M ission........................................
I t a ly ............................................................
Transas......................... , , - - ...............
K e n tu ck y . ¿ ..............................................
K o re a .........................................................
TjfiYingtnn........................................... ..
L iberia. . . , , ...........................................
L i n c o l n ..................................
L ittle R o c k ...............................................
Louisiana...................................................
M ain e.........................................................
M alaysia............................ ............ ........ ,
M exico.......................................................
M ichigan...................................................
M innesota.................................................
M ississippi..............................................
M issouri.....................................................
M on tan a............... ...........
........
Nehraslrfl....................................................
N evada M ission......................................
Npw "England
.........................
N ew England Southern.....................
N pw Hampshire. r ..................................
N ew Jersey...............................................
New Mpvirn "English M ission.............
N ew Mexico Spanish Mission C o n f. .
N ew Y o r k ................... .........................
N ew Y o rk IDast.......................................
N ew ark......................................................
N orth A frica Mission C o n f..................
North Andes Mission Crmf. . . t .........
North C a r o l i n a __
North C h i n a . , ., - - , .............
North D a k o t a ,........................................
N orth G erm any.............................. ..
North Tndia.
............., ............
North In d ia n a ....................... ................
N orth M on tan a.......................................
N orth N e b ra sk a ..................................... ■
N orth-East O hio .....................................
Northern G erm an ...............................
Northern M innesota, ............. t ..........
Northern N ew Y o r k ..........................
Northern Sw edish...................................
Northwest G erm an.................................
Northwest In d ia .....................................
Northwest In diana.................................
Northwest Io w a .......................................
$ 24,956 68
332 00
867 00
From Nov. 1,
1912, to
Oct. 31, 1913
$25,996 52
268 00
1,046 90
101 00
37
4,247
3,109
24,546
16,808
11,742
54
325
14,659
1,366
76
00
19
19
75
00
25
00
50
00
42
3,251
3,229
24,560
17,788
11,948
207
363
14,757
1,595
876
318
338
336
538
3,854
633
408
22,580
6,146
1,039
6,018
2,101
10,609
632
17,014
9,611
4,160
14,835
999
105
23,495
27,767
25,286
11
00
40
00
00
25
00
00
69
76
90
45
90
16
00
54
50
50
54
50
00
25
05
88
1.072 00
393 00
171 65
320 00
870 75
3,628 66
214 05
384 00
22,858 47
6,447 00
754 00
6 ,0 9 4 .0 0
2,082 41
18,857 76
632 00
16,847 84
9,746 31
4,292 26
14,758 50
997 00
145 00
22,734 26
28,547 02
26,707 19
476 25
57 00
118 25
4,879
1,273
361
21,137
868
5,011
42,901
2,153
6,744
12,149
1,235
2,730
144
11,848
17,807
00
76
72
78
77
51
16
00
49
07
00
50
75
61
37
08
57
06
90
76
00
00
00
63
00
From Nov. 1,
1913, to
Oct. 31, 1914
$24,695
357
1,235
65
30
00
00
3,302
3,166
25,518
18,248
12,517
150
316
23,277
1,613
00
09
1.308
489
185
354
999
4,015
178
406
23,494
6,981
1,064
6,361
2,342
16,696
669
20,411
10,043
5,028
15,321
1,012
93
22,630
28,064
25,566
6,602
1,681
375
26,646
1,182
46,252
2,313
7,601
13,039
1,353
2,767
46,998
2,396
7,809
13,436
1,276
2,932
206
18,917
18,062
12,346 26
17,967 84
86
10
45
00
00
87
00
95
00
05
94
00
57
00
00
97
95
00
61
10
74
00
61
65
90
38
50
00
46
28
49
65 00
797 00
5,006 87
1,722 06
714 97
22,220 62
1,067 00
30
00
47
76
00
50
00
32
50
23
25
00
63
00
47
42
00
00
31
98
66
Treasurers’ Report
From Nov. 1,
1911, to
Oct. 31, 1912
Northwest K a n s a s .................................
Northwest N ebraska..............................
N o rw a y ......................................................
Norwegian and D a n ish .........................
O h io ............................................................
O l r l f | , h n m f | . ..............................
Oregon........................................................
Pacific Chinese M ission........................
Pacific G erm an ........................................
Pacific Japanese M ission ......................
Pacific Swedish Mission C o n f.............
Philadelphia..............................................
Philippine Tplftnds...................................
Pittsburgh.................................................
Porto Rico M ission ................................
Puget Snund
.......... ............ . . .
R ock R iv e r...............................................
Russia M ission........................................
Saint Johns R iv e r...................................
Saint L ou is...............................................
Saint Louis G erm an...............................
Savann ah, ................................................
South C arolin a........................................
South Florida M ission...........................
South G erm any. .....................................
South In d ia ..............................................
South K a n sa s...........................................
Southern California................................
Southern G erm an...................................
Southern Illinois.....................................
Southern Swedish Mission C o n f.........
Southwest K a n sa s..................................
Sw eden.......................................................
Sw itzerland...............................................
Tennessee, , , ...........................................
T ex a s..........................................................
T r o y ............................................................
Upper Io w a ..............................................
Upper M ississippi...................................
U tah M ission...........................................
Verm on t............, ................., ..................
W ashington..............................................
W est Central A frica Mission C on f. . .
W est China Mission C o n f....................
W est G erm an...................................
W est N ebraska........................................
W est O hio.................................................
W est T ex a s...............................................
W est V irginia...........................................
W est W isconsin.......................................
Western Norwegian-Danish.................
Western Sw edish.....................................
WiJmiTigtnn
..................................
W i s c o n s i n .........................
Wvominer ............- , - , ...........................
W yoming M ission......... .........................
T o ta l..................................................
293
From Nov. 1,
1912, to
Oct. 31, 1913
$5,236 63
$5,602 95
714
1,034
2,316
18,303
5,292
7,939
168
929
390
702
33,425
856
1,064
2,392
20,704
5,667
8,058
168
971
500
625
34,938
65
95
50
16
01
28
00
00
00
00
54
35,411 71
9,367
28,362
118
1,121
10,910
3,396
413
2,357
75
1,375
124
9,954
27,627
1,640
11,205
75
79
40
90
89
50
00
25
00
65
11
00
47
50
85
14,997
4,117
2,068
407
507
22,025
18,927
781
643
3,679
2,305
4
30
20
35
00
00
68
27
00
00
80
50
00
6,257 35
2,980 50
1,032
12,693
7 ,4£4
624
1,667
14,126
8,820
17,923
976
45
70
63
00
00
50
33
00
00
00
25
00
15
16
53
00
70
00
00
11
38,262
61
10,218
29,431
287
1,293
9,514
3,347
334
2,229
98
31
78
46
00
99
24
00
00
1,491
149
10,330
25,257
1,807
10,506
• 728
13,609
4,025
1,249
393
1,091
21,442
18,558
20
43
59
83
00
00
00
25
80
00
65
00
94
71
00
886 00
00
660
3,121
2,383
35
192
4,948
00
00
00
09
50
28,151
1,194
14,010
6,477
639
1,650
14,572
9,038
17,738
1,083
00
00
11
00
00
00
05
70
78
70
From Nov. 1,
1913, to
Oct. 31, 1914
$ 5,883 61
1,100 50
1,230
2,309
22,534
6,474
91
50
69
00
8,110 00
194
896
503
650
34,415
00
00
00
00
50
40,641
54
10,554
27,968
87
00
00
27
1,440
15,281
3,205
422
2,537
108
00
75
00
75
20
00
143 69
26,822
2,053
10,663
639
15,400
3,799
22
00
30
00
67
46
363 00
888
23,947
19,292
1,159
711
3,150
3,638
00
10
28
68
00
15
00
31 42
5,503 00
38,241
1,010
13,440
6,769
664
1,629
14,648
9,882
17,800
1,160
95
50
49
00
00
00
71
33
29
00
$1,046,113 51 $1,060,824 00 $1,101,682 67
294
[1914
RECAPITULATION OF REGULAR RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS
FOR 1913
Regular Receipts
1913
Conference Collections................................................ . .$ 1 ,060,824
Contributions D irect to the T reasu ry....................
8,575
Lapsed A nnuity F u n d s...................................................
13,972
L egacies....................................................................... ..
68,863
2,672
Income Retired M issionary F u n d s..............................
Income Other Permanent F u n d s..................................
649
1,911
Miscellaneous R eceip ts....................................................
00
89
47
20
66
52
66
T o tal Regular R eceip ts...................................... $1, 157,469 40
R e g u la r D is b u rs e m e n ts
A ustria-H ungary............................................................................ .....................
B en gal....................................................................................................................
B o livia ..............\ ......................................................................... .............. ..........
B o m bay..................................................................................................................
B ulgaria................................................................................................ ................
B u rm a.................................................................................. ..................................
Central C h in a ................................................................................... ...................
Central P rovin ces................................................................................................
C h ile ........................................................................................................

board of foreign missions

Transcription

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