EHYEH/AHAYAH
Transcription
EHYEH/AHAYAH
hwhy (YHWH) OR hyha (EHYEH/AHAYAH) Which Is The Most High’s Name? By Amar Emet אמר אמת 2/25/12 Updated 8/11/2012, 5/20/2013 Disclaimer: The views expressed here are my own and not those of any group or organization as I am not a part of any group or organization nor does any group or organization speak for me. You are not required to believe, follow or even agree with anything I say from henceforth. I share what I know and keep it moving. It is up to you, the reader, to research and come to your own conclusion. Through this website you are able to link to other websites which are not under the control of AMAREMET.COM. We have no control over the nature, content and availability of those sites. THE INCLUSION OF ANY LINKS DOES NOT NECESSARILY IMPLY A RECOMMENDATION OR ENDORSEMENT OF THE VIEWS EXPRESSED THEREIN. PEACE! Greetings! The reason for this lesson is because over the last few years there has been a teaching hwhy circulating that states (YHWH) was added to the Tanakh (Hebrew Scriptures or commonly called the Old Testament) later by scribes or as some teach the Masoretes. It is hyha (Ehyeh or as some like to use Ahayah) by these same people and that originally it was in the text where we see hwhy alleged that originally the Most High’s name was or still is (YHWH/YEHOWAH). Today I will show this theory to be false and a doctrine of men. Read the article in its entirety before you jump to conclusions. Pro 18:13 He who answers a matter before he hears it, It is folly and shame to him. Let’s begin. HOW DO YOU FIND OUT IF SOMETHING IS ADDED TO THE TEXT? www.amarthenazarene.com Page 1 How do you prove something was added to the Scriptures? Simple, by producing older and more ancient evidence that shows where something was added or changed in the text. Let’s look at some examples. 1 Jn 5:7 (KJV) For there are three that bear record in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost: and these three are one. 1 Jn 5:8 And there are three that bear witness in earth, the Spirit, and the water, and the blood: and these three agree in one. Now the verse above was taken from the King James Version Bible. What was the KJV translated from? The King James Bible is actually based on portions from three Greek sources, the editions of Erasmus (about 1514), Stephenus (1546-1551), & Beza (1588 1589), but also uses portions from the Vulgate (Fifth Century) and Complutensian Polyglot bible (1436–1517). Keep this info in mind! Let’s look at these same set of verses in the New American Standard Bible (NASB). 1 Jn 5:7 (NASB) For there are three that testify: 1 Jn 5:8 the Spirit and the water and the blood; and the three are in agreement. Did you notice the difference between the KJV and the NASB? A whole line was added to the text. Look what the footnote in the NASB has to say about this verse: 1 John 5:8 A few late mss add ...in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Spirit, and these three are one. And there are three that testify on earth, the Spirit This footnote states this line was added to later manuscripts. The reason the NASB doesn’t have this line is because it is based on earlier manuscripts that do not have this addition. The NASB is translated from the Alexandrian Text, a text amongst the earliest surviving Greek New Testament documents. So the Alexandrian text is older than the manuscripts the KJV was translated from. This is just one example of many I could point out but for the sake of time I won’t. You can do your own personal study, which I encourage, on that subject. Now that is how you prove something is added or changed in the text. Making claims based on your personal feelings, what your elder/moreh/pastor says, assumptions, etc. are not proof! If you are going to say something has been added, removed or changed in the Scriptures, present proof using older more ancient manuscripts to support your claim. WHAT NAME DID MOSHE PUBLISH? So what name did Moshe/Moses publish? Let’s look and see. Deuteronomy 32:1-3 Give ear, O ye heavens, and I will speak; and hear, O earth, the words of my mouth. My doctrine shall drop as the rain, my speech shall distil as the dew, as the small rain upon the tender herb, and as the showers upon the grass: Because I will publish the name of ” hwhy hwhy Here we see Moshe published the Name YHWH ( ). Now some of you may be reading along in your KJV (or any modern version) and saying “my Bible says the LORD.” Well just a quick note, the LORD (all caps) is a substitute blatantly used to replace the Most High’s name. This is well documented! Even in the preface of most Bibles they tell you this. Here are a couple admissions. The pic below is taken from a KJV study Bible. www.amarthenazarene.com Page 2 So this KJV study Bible admits to replacing the Hebraic Name of the Most High “YHWH” with the generic titles LORD and GOD in all capital letters. Let’s look at a coupe more Bible prefaces. The New American Standard Bible - One of the titles for God is Lord, a translation of Adonai. There is yet another name, which is particularly, assigned to God as His special or proper name, that is, the four letters YHWH (Exodus 3:14 and Isaiah 42:8). This name has not been pronounced by the Jews because of reverence for the great sacredness of the divine name. Therefore, it has been consistently translated LORD. The New King James Version - The Covenant Name of God in the Old Testament, represented by the Hebrew consonants YHWH, is translated “LORD” or “GOD” (using capital letters as shown), as it has been throughout the history of the King James Bible…This tradition is maintained. So as you can see, the Name YHWH should be in your Bible but translators, following tradition, chose to replace it with generic titles IN ALL CAPITAL LETTERS. So with this information, we know every time we see LORD or GOD in all capital letters it should be the Name YHWH ( ). This is important to remember. Some translation actually broke from tradition and decided to put the Name where it belongs in Scripture. In this article I will primarily be using the Scriptures version which uses YHWH in the square Hebrew style ( ) in the text. Again, let’s look at the verse we read earlier. hwhy hwhy Deuteronomy 32:1-3 Give ear, O ye heavens, and I will speak; and hear, O earth, the words of my mouth. My doctrine shall drop as the rain, my speech shall distil as the dew, as the small rain upon the tender herb, and as the showers upon the grass: Because I will publish the name of ” hwhy The word Name in this verse is singular not plural! So any other name people are proclaiming is not the Name of the Most High. The only exception is using the contraction form of the Most High’s name which is YAH. H3050 yahh yaw Contracted for H3068, and meaning the same; Jah, the sacred name: - Jah, the Lord, most vehement. Cp. names in “-iah,” “-jah.” www.amarthenazarene.com Page 3 YAH is the contraction form of YHWH (H3068). H3068 יהוה Yhvh (i.e. יהוה, Yehovah or יהוה, Yahveh) (217d); from H1933b; the proper name of the God of Israel: - GOD (314), LORD (6399), LORD’S (111). For a more thorough examination on the contraction form “YAH” read my article entitled “THE NAME YAH.” Moshe used both forms of the Most High’s name interchangeably. Exo 17:16 for he said, “Because a hand is on the throne of YAH ( fight against Amalĕq, from generation to generation.” hy), YHWH (hwhy) is to Here we see Moshe using both forms of the Most High’s name. Where did Moshe get this name from that He published? Exo 3:15 And Elohim said further to Mosheh, “Thus you are to say to the children of Yisra’ĕl, ‘( יהוהYHWH), Elohim of your fathers, the Elohim of Ab raham, the Elohim of Yitshaq, and the Elohim of Yaʽaqob, has sent me to you. This is My Name forever, and this is My remembrance (memorial) to all generations.’ So Moshe got the Name directly from the Most High. The Most High said YHWH/ יהוהwas His name FOREVER and that it is His MEMORIAL or REMEMBRANCE! Any other name that people may present, if it is not YHWH or YAH, then it is not the Most High’s Name. Within the Scriptures the Most High declares His name is YHWH over and over again; almost 7000 times. You will see the phrase “Ani YHWH” ( יהוה )אני or translated “I am YHWH” quite often in Scripture. Ani, which is Hebrew, literally means “I” but is translated “I am.” H589 אני 'anıy BDB Definition: 1) I (first person singular - usually used for emphasis) Part of Speech: personal pronoun A Related Word by BDB/Strong’s Number: contracted from H595 Same Word by TWOT Number: 129 Let’s look at one verse where the Most High makes it crystal clear what his name is. Isa 42:8 (RNKJV) I am YHWH: that is my name: and my glory will I not give to another, neither my praise to graven images. Isa 42:8 (The Scriptures) “I am יהוה, that is My Name, and My esteem I do not give to another, nor My praise to idols. The Most High states His name is YHWH ( “Ani YHWH” (יהוה hwhy)! Name is singular! Again, we see the phrase )אניor translated “I am YHWH.” This can be seen in the Aleppo Codex. This manuscript dates back to about 930 CE. www.amarthenazarene.com Page 4 http://www.aleppocodex.org/newsite/index.html Now here is where the argument comes in. The claim is, it is around this time (about 1000 hwhy CE) the scribes or Masoretes corrupted the Scriptures and inserted YHWH ( ). It is also said that the Masoretes created the Hebrew we have today which is claim by some to be Yiddish. Proponents of the “Ahayah” name also state the Hebrew was really what they call “Lashawan Kadash.” For a full break down on “Lashawan Kadash” and “the Hebrew we have today is Yiddish” teaching, please see articles “Examining Lashawan Kadash” & “Yiddish Or hwhy Hebrew.” In this article we will only address the claim that YHWH ( ) was inserted about 1000 CE in the text. Now those who make this claim NEVER EVER produce any type of ancient manuscript to prove their claim. I’ve yet to see one ancient artifact showing any other name other than YHWH in the text. Since the claim is made the Tetragrammaton was made up around the 10th or 11th century, let’s see if we can find any ancient artifacts or text before the 10th century with the Tetragrammaton (YHWH/ hwhy) in it. אני יהוה הוא ׁשמי וכבודי לאחר לא־אתן ותהלתי לפסילים׃Isa 42:8 (HOT) That’s Yeshayahu/Isaiah 42:8 in the Hebrew. We see “Ani YHWH” or “I am YHWH” shaded in the blue. Below is a photo of the Dead Sea Scrolls website. www.amarthenazarene.com Page 5 The actual pic above is from the Great Isaiah Scroll which dates back to about 100 BCE and is the oldest copy of Isaiah known to exist. This Scroll was in existence even before HaMashiach/Christ came on the scene. This is almost 1100 years before the Masoretic text. Let’s see if we can still see the Tetragrammaton in Isaiah 42:8 or will it be another name? http://dss.collections.imj.org.il/isaiah#42:8 hwhy). 100 BCE!!! As a matter of In the read box, we still see the Tetragrammaton YHWH ( fact, we still see the phrase “Ani YHWH ( ”)אני יהוהor “I am YHWH.” So unless you got a text older than this one showing something else, YOU HAVE NO PROOF WHATSOEVER THAT YHWH WAS ADDED TO THE TEXT!!! Let’s look at another verse. Isa 26:4 “Trust in יהוהforever, for in YAH (YH - hy), יהוה, is a rock of ages. This same verse we will now look at in the Dead Sea Scrolls. The Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa) • Qumran Cave 1 • 1st century BCE • Parchment • H: 2225, L: 734 cm • Government of Israel • Accession number: HU 95.57/27 Col xx – is.25:626:18. http://dss.collections.imj.org.il/isaiah#26:4 In this scroll “for in YAH, YHWH” ( )ביה יהוהcan clearly be seen. YAH and YHWH are found all throughout the ancient scrolls as being the Name of the Most High. If this is not enough to show that the Name was YHWH before the Masoretes came on the scene, don’t worry there is more. We will look at some ancient Hebraic/Judaic artifacts that also date long before the Masoretic text was done. Let’s go to our first archaeological find known as the Nash Papyrus. The Nash Papyrus not only shows the Name of the Most High in the text, it also shows the importance placed on the 10 Commandments and the Shema. Within the Nash Papyrus alone YHWH ( Nash Papyrus. www.amarthenazarene.com hwhy) is seen at least 7 times. Let’s look at some history on the Page 6 “The Nash Papyrus are a collection of four papyrus fragments acquired in Egypt by W. L. Nash and first described by Stanley A. Cook in 1903. The fragments were the oldest Hebrew fragments known at that time which contained a portion of the biblical Masoretic text, specifically the Ten Commandments and the Shema Yisrael prayer. The order the commandments listed in the Nash papyrus differs from that of the Hebrew Bible and Septuagint. Though dated by Cook to the 2nd century, subsequent reappraisals have pushed the date back to the 2nd century BC. In addition to biblical text, it also exhibits a few unique readings. The papyrus was probably copied from a liturgical work. According to the Talmud, it was once customary to read the Ten Commandments before reciting the Shema, so this papyrus may have contained the daily worship of a pious Egyptian Jew while the custom still existed.” – http://cojs.org/cojswiki/Nash_Papyrus,_2nd_century_BCE www.amarthenazarene.com Page 7 So this Papyrus predates the completed Masoretic text by more than 1000 years and we still hyha hwhy see YHWH ( ) in the text. Still no EHYEH/AHAYAH ( ) found as the Name. If th th EHYEH/AHAYAH was the name before the 10 or 11 century, why don’t we see it being used as such? Because it was never the Name of the Most High as we will see as we continue this lesson. Let’s look at yet another ancient artifact that shows the Tetragram YHWH being used. This next find is known as “Ketef Hinnom Silver Amulet.” This amulet has the Most High’s Name written in Paleo Hebrew. Let’s look at some history. “The most important of all the objects found in this tomb are two small silver scrolls. They were somewhat damaged — small wonder, since they were placed in the tomb in the 7th century BCE. Carefully unrolled by experts at the Israel Museum laboratories, they were found to be covered with ancient Hebrew script on the obverse, which was deciphered with some difficulty. The larger of the two plaques measures 97 x 27 mm., the smaller only 39 x 11 mm. The larger plaque contains 18 lines of writing, mostly legible. Both plaques contain benediction formulas in Paleo-Hebrew script, almost identical to the biblical Priestly Blessing in Numbers 6:24-26. This biblical text, dated to the 7th century BCE, is the oldest known to date and pre-dates the texts found in the Dead Sea area by about 500 years. The word yhwh (the name of the Lord in Hebrew) appears in writing for the first time ever. The benediction quoted from the Book of Numbers was recited by the Temple priests when blessing the congregation; here it is found in writing and for individual use. The tiny silver scrolls were probably worn as amulets around the neck.” – http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Archaeolog y/jerplaques.html For more history on the Silver Amulet check out this link. So even on this silver scroll, or actually scrolls, we see the Most High’s name still written as YHWH in Paleo Hebrew. This silver scroll amulet is dated back to the 7th century BCE. That’s 1700 years before the completed Masoretic text. Now if this wasn’t the Name the Most High went by, why are there no accounts of the Messiah addressing this issue? Surely if the Name was changed the Messiah would have said something. Somewhere in the New Testament or even in the 1 st century writings, like Josephus for example, why don’t we see anyone speaking on this? Because this so called change was never made! Now my question to the EHYEH/AHAYAH proponents; where is your proof that predates this silver scroll amulet, the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Nash Papyrus? THERE IS NONE! YHWH ( hwhy) is the NAME of the Father! The proof is all around us. WHAT ABOUT EHYEH/AHAYAH? So if YHWH is the name of the Most High, where are people getting His name is EHYEH/AHAYAH from? This false name doctrine comes primarily from a group known as the GOCC (lashawan qadash proponents – see article “Examining Lashawan Kadash”) and great misunderstanding of Shemoth/Exodus 3:13-14. It is said that in verse 14 the Most High gave www.amarthenazarene.com Page 8 His name. These same people also avoid verse 15 of Exodus chapter 3. We will examine the whole string of verses and see what’s going on. Exo 3:13 (KJV) And Moses said unto God, Behold, when I come unto the children of Israel, and shall say unto them, The God of your fathers hath sent me unto you; and they shall say to me, What is his name? what shall I say unto them? Exo 3:14 And God said unto Moses, I AM THAT I AM: and he said, Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, I AM hath sent me unto you. Now since in verse 14 they capitalize I AM THAT I AM, it is assume this is the Most High’s name. The problem is, nowhere in this verse does the Most High use the word “shem/name” or says that “I AM” is His name. If you keep reading, in verse 15 He gives His name/shem. Exo 3:15 And God said moreover unto Moses, Thus shalt thou say unto the hwhy children of Israel, The LORD (YHWH/ ) God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath sent me unto you: this is my name for ever, and this is my memorial unto all generations. For some reason people miss this. Let’s do a full breakdown on these verses. Often times in Scripture when a name is given it’s usually defined in that Scripture or somewhere around where the name is given. Genesis 3:20 Now the man called his wife's name Eve, because she was the mother of all the living. In this verse we see Adam’s wife’s name is written as Eve, but this is not what Adam called her. If we look at this name in Hebrew, we see she was called Chawah. כִּי: ַחוָה,כ ַוי ִּקְ ָרא הָָאדָ ם שֵׁ ם אִּ שְּתֹו .חָי- אֵׁם כָל,הִּוא ָהי ְתָ ה Genesis 3:20 And the man called his wife's name Chawah; because she was the mother of all living. What does Chawah mean? If we go to H2332 in the Strong's concordance we see the name means "life" or "living." Now notices how the name was immediately followed by the meaning in the same verse. In this verse we see the Hebrew word chai ( – חיliving H2416) is used to give the meaning of the name. Remember, whenever a name was given, it was often preceded or accompanied by the meaning or circumstance as seen in the abovementioned. You will find this pattern throughout the Bible. Let’s continue to look at this pattern. 1 Chr 4:9 Jabez was more honorable than his brothers, and his mother named him Jabez saying, "Because I bore him with pain." Jabez (Yabets - H3258) means sorrow. The word used to define Yabets and translated pain is otseb (H6090) and it means “pain, sorrow and idol.” In some verses the name being defined is actually defined by the very verb it is derived from. בגד (בָא גָד); וַּתִּ ְק ָרא,יא וַּת ֹּאמֶר לֵָׁאה . גָד,שמֹו ְ -ֶאת Gen 30:11 And Leah said: 'Fortune is come!' And she called his name Gad. dg - H1410) being defined by the Hebrew word gad Here in this verse we see the name Gad ( dg ( - H1409). Both the name and the verb mean fortune or fortunate. www.amarthenazarene.com Page 9 Ex 2:10 The child grew, and she brought him to Pharaoh's daughter and he became her son. And she named him Moses, and said, "Because I drew him out of the water." The name Moses, or more accurately Mosheh (H4872), means “drawn out.” Here we see the name defined in the same verse by the verb mashah (H4871 – to draw) from which it is derived. Let’s go to Gen 30:13. שרונִּי ְ ִּ כִּי א, ְב ָאש ְִּרי--יג וַּת ֹּאמֶר לֵָׁאה .שר ֵׁ ָא,שמֹו ְ -בָנֹות; וַּתִּ ק ְָרא ֶאת Gen 30:13 And Leah said: 'Happy am I! for the daughters will call me happy.' And she called his name Asher. In this verse we see two different Hebrew words used in association with the name Asher. The Hebrew word osher ( - H837) means “happiness” and the verb asher/ashar ( – rva rva rva H833) means “to be made happy, be blessed.” Asher ( - H836), which is derived from H833 (asher), means “happy.” Over and over again we see this pattern of a person’s name being defined or circumstance of why they were given the name within the same sentence using the associated word or the verb from which the name is derived from. So why am I going through the motions to show you these things? It’s simple; the Most High revealed His name to Moses in the same fashion! Let’s go back to Exodus. Exodus 3:13 And Moses said unto Elohim, Behold, when I come unto the children of Israel, and shall say unto them, The Elohim of your fathers hath sent me unto you; and they shall say to me, What is his name? what shall I say unto them? When Moshe was given the charge to deliver the children of Israel out of Egypt the first thing he asked was for the Most High to identify Himself. Why did Moshe feel the need to ask this question? The answer is simple. Just as it is today, in the days of antiquity there were gods many (1 Cor 8:5). Egypt alone worshipped hundreds of different gods. By telling the Israelites the Creator’s name, Moshe separated Him from the other pagan deities and identified exactly who he was dealing with. It is at this point the Creator reveals His name and defines who or what He is to Moshe. Exodus 3:14 Elohim said unto Moses, I AM THAT I AM: and he said, Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, I AM hath sent me unto you. In verse 14 the Most High is showing something to Moses. In this verse we just read it shows the Most High responding with I AM THAT I AM and then again I AM. In the King James Version, and most modern translations, it has been translated as I AM THAT I AM. Is "I AM" what the King of The Universe said to Moshe? No; and we will see this as we read on. This is how it appears in the Hebrew Bible. כ ֹּה ת ֹּאמַר ִּל ְבנֵׁי, ֶא ְהי ֶה ֲאשֶר ֶא ְהי ֶה; וַי ֹּאמֶר,משֶה-יד וַי ֹּאמֶר אֱֹלהִּים אֶל .ש ָל ַחנִּי ֲאלֵׁיכֶם ְ , ֶא ְהי ֶה,יִּש ְָראֵׁל It reads in biblical Hebrew (not lashawan kadash – see article “Examining Lashawan Kadash) as so: Wa'yomer (And He said) Elohim (Elohim/God) el'Moshe (to Moses) "ehyeh (I AM) asher (what) ehyeh (I AM)" Wa'yomer (and He said) koh (this) tomar (you shall say) el’banei (to sons of) Yisrael (Israel) ehyeh (I AM) sh’lachani (has sent me) aleichem (to you). www.amarthenazarene.com Page 10 hyha rfa hyha The words ehyeh asher ehyeh ( ) is translated I AM THAT I AM but this is not the correct way to translate this Hebrew phrase. In Hebrew you would not say ehyeh to say “I am.” To say “I am” or something equivalent to it you would say “ani” as we saw earlier. We will come back to that. So how should EHYEH/AHAYAH ( ) have been translated? One source wrote: hyha “The most precise rendering is ‘I shall be what I shall be,’ although it sometimes is translated as 'I am that I am'. The 1962 Jewish Publication Society translation of the Torah despaired of coming up with an accurate rendition, and just left the words in their Hebrew original” – (Jewish Literacy, pp. 47-48). hyha The proper way ehyeh/ahayah ( ) should have been translated is “I will be” or “I shall be.” It’s that simple; NOT ROCKET SCIENCE! The reason being is: "ehyeh/ahayah" is the first person imperfect form of the Hebrew verb hayah (Strong's #H1961). Hayah has several meanings but the primary one is “to be,” “exist” or just “be.” The archaic version of this word is hawah (Strong's #H1933). For a break down on the Hebrew word “hawah/howah” and the Name read the article “Yah-Hovah.” hyh hwh a When you attach the Aleph ( ) prefix to hayah, we get the word ehyeh (or as some use ahayah), which is the first person singular and it means “I will be” or “I shall be.” This is why the word ehyeh/ahayah should have been translated “I will be” or “I shall be” in Exodus 3:14. Since we can’t just rely on these so-called “scholars” to give us this information, let’s see what thus saith the Scriptures! In Exodus 3:12, where ehyeh/ahayah ( ) is used just two verses before verse 14, it is correctly translated “I will be.” This is seen below. hyha ,לְָך הָאֹות- ְוזֶה, ֶא ְהי ֶה ִּעמְָך- כִּי,יב וַי ֹּא ֶמר , ָהעָם- בְהֹוצִּי ֲאָך ֶאת:ש ַלחְּתִּ יָך ְ כִּי ָאנֹּכִּי עַל ָההָר, ָהאֱֹלהִּים- ּתַ ַעבְדון ֶאת,ִּמ ִּמצ ְַרי ִּם .ַהזֶה Exodus 3:12 And He said: 'Certainly I will be with thee; and this shall be the token unto thee, that I have sent thee: when thou hast brought forth the people out of Egypt, ye shall serve Elohim upon this mountain.' hyha) is found only in one spot (Exodus 3:14) in the text removed and replaced with YHWH ( hwhy). But we just saw Now “Ahayah” proponents claim ( and everywhere else it was hyha) being used just a few verses before Exodus 3:14. So somebody is lying! EHYEH/AHAYAH (hyha) was not removed from the Scriptures, it is found all throughout EHYEH/AHAYAH ( them. It is a common verb NOT A NAME. hyha (EHYEH/AHAYAH) IS A COMMON VERB NOT A NAME hyha Go look in your Bible at how ehyeh/ahayah ( ) is used throughout it. You will find it is never translated "I am" except in Exodus 3:14. Some more examples are: ,פִּיָך- לְֵׁך; וְָאנֹּכִּי ֶא ְהי ֶה עִּם,יב ְועַּתָ ה .שר ּתְ דַ בֵׁר ֶ ְֲהֹוריתִּ יָך א ֵׁ ו www.amarthenazarene.com Exodus 4:12 Now therefore go, and I will be with thy mouth, and teach thee what thou shalt speak.' Page 11 חֹו ַמת ֵׁאש,י ְהוָה-לָּה נְאֻ ם-ט ַו ֲאנִּי ֶא ְהי ֶה . ֶא ְהי ֶה בְתֹוכָּה,ָסבִּיב; ו ְלכָבֹוד Zechariah 2:9 For I, saith YHWH, will be unto her a wall of fire round about, and I will be the glory in the midst of her. hyha I just showed you four examples of (EHYEH/AHAYAH) being used in Scripture. Here are the rest of the verses; please go look them up for yourself and see this fact! Exod 4:15, Deut 31:23, Jos 1:5, Jos 3:7, Jdg 6:16, Jdg 11:9, Ruth 2:13 "I am not" from the Hebrew "not I will be" (pronounced by “lo ehyeh”), 1Sam 18:18, 1Sam 23:17, 2Sam 7:14, 2Sam 15:34, 2Sam 16:18, 2Sam 16:19, 1Chr 17:13, 1Chr 28:6, Job 3:16 "I had not been" from the Hebrew "not I will be," Job 10:19 "I had not been" from the Hebrew "not I will be," Job 12:4, Job 17:6, Ps. 50:21, Isa 3:7, 47:7, Jer 11:4, 24:7, 30:22, 31:1, 32:38, Ezek 11:20, 14:11, 34:24, 36:28, 37:23, Hos 1:9, 14:5, Zech 2:5, 8:8. hyha-al The word ehyeh/ahayah is used a total of 43 places (give or take a few) in the Tanakh (Old Testament), where it is translated as "I will/shall be” and sometimes “I will not be” when proceeded by the Hebrew word “ ” (pronounced lo and means no/not; #H3808) except in Exodus 3:14!?! It is only in Exodus 3:14 we see it translated “I AM.” Sounds suspect doesn’t it; like someone has an agenda!!! Not only have we seen (ehyeh or ahayah as some prefer) doesn’t translate “I AM” but instead “I Shall Be” or “I Will Be” but we also see it being used on a number of occasions as a common verb and not a name. Some, in trying to clean up this suspect translation of “ehyeh (or ahayah as some prefer),” will cite the Septuagint LXX as the reason for “ehyeh/ahayah” being translated “I AM.” The Greek Septuagint LXX reads: al hyha καὶ εἶπεν ὁ θεὸς πρὸς Μωυσῆν ᾿Εγώ εἰμι ὁ ὤν· καὶ εἶπεν Οὕτως ἐρεῖς τοῖς υἱοῖς Ισραηλ ῾Ο ὢν ἀπέσταλκέν με πρὸς ὑμᾶς. kai eipen ho theos pros Mousen, "ego eimi ho on"; kai eipen, "houtos ereis tois huiois Israel: 'ho on apestalken me pros humas. In English that’s: "And God spoke to Moses, saying, I am (ego eimi – ); THE BEING (ho On - ); and he said, Thus shall ye say to the children of Israel, THE BEING (ho On ) has sent me to you." The LXX says: “ego eimi – ” which is literally translated: “I am.” This is where the “I AM” phrase is said to come from. There’s a problem with this though. The actually word translated from “ehyeh/ahayah” is “ho On ” and not “ego eimi – .” Ho on is translated into English as “the Being” not “I AM!” There’s a hidden Trinitarian agenda behind the “I AM” translation in English bibles! If the Most High wanted to say “I am” or something close to it in Exodus 3:14, He would have said “ani (I/I am)” or “ani hu (I he),” but this wasn’t the case! Ani hu literally means “I he” and is often translated “I am he” with the word “am” italicized, letting you know it’s not in the original Hebrew Script. Here’s an example of the Most High using “ani hu” and “ani”: yna www.amarthenazarene.com awh yna Page 12 Isaiah 41:4 “Who has performed and accomplished it, Calling forth the generations from the beginning? ‘I (Ani ), YHWH, am the first, and with the last I am He (Ani Hu yna awh yna).’” Isa 42:8 “I am YHWH ( אני יהוהAni YHWH), that is My Name, and My esteem I do not give to another, nor My praise to idols. The Most High said ani and ani hu on many occasions and Exodus 3:14 wasn’t one of them! Some versions have translated Exodus 3:14 correctly. And God said to Moses, "Ehyeh-Asher-Ehyeh." He continued, "Thus shall you say to the Israelites, 'Ehyeh sent me to you.'" Tanakh, The Holy Scriptures, (Jewish Publication Society) HASHEM answered Moses, "I Shall Be AS I Shall Be." And He said, "So shall you say to the Children of Israel, 'I Shall Be has sent me to you.'" The Stone Edition Tanakh, MESORAH PUBLICATIONS, Ltd. God said to Moshe, "Ehyeh Asher Ehyeh [I am/will be what I am/will be]," and added, "Here is what to say to the people of Isra'el: 'Ehyeh [I Am or I Will Be] has sent me to you.'" The Complete Jewish Bible 'I Will Be Who I Will Be,' replied God to Moses. [God then] explained, 'This is what you must say to the Israelites: 'I Will Be sent me to you.'” – The Kaplan Bible Within the phrase the Most High gave Moshe we find the word asher. Asher (Strong's #0834) is also a common Hebrew word. This single Hebrew word in English can mean “that” “because” “who” “which” “whatever” “as” “where” etc. Exodus 3:14 is simply a prelude to the giving of the Most High’s name. Nowhere in this verse do we see the word name/shem. This verse is where He defines who He is. Much like the many verses we read earlier, the Most High is defining himself and nature right before He gives His name to Moshe. As we just read, the meaning of “ehyeh” or “ehyeh asher ehyeh” is “I shall/will be as I shall/will be” or “I shall/will be.” The Most High is simply saying tell the children of Yisrael the One Who Is has sent you then he gives His name in verse 15. hyha rfa hyha "I am that I am" (Hebrew: , pronounced ehyeh asher ehyeh) is the sole response used in (Exodus 3:14) when Moses asked for God's name. It is one of the most famous verses in the Hebrew Bible. Hayah means "existed" or "was" in Hebrew; ehyeh is the first-person singular imperfect form. Ehyeh asher ehyeh is generally interpreted to mean "I will be what I will be", I shall be what I shall be or I am that I am (King James Bible and others). The Tetragrammaton itself may derive from the same verbal root.” hyha) is a Name of the Most High but we just saw this Now some sources may say “ehyeh” ( hyha is not the case. Ehyeh ( ) is a verb and is used as such throughout the Scriptures. Not once is it used as a name. Again, here are some examples of its usage. Exodus 4:12 Now therefore go, and I will be (ehyeh/ thee what thou shalt speak.' hyha) with thy mouth, and teach hyha Exodus 3:12 And He said: 'Certainly I will be (ehyeh/ ) with thee; and this shall be the token unto thee, that I have sent thee: when thou hast brought forth the people out of Egypt, ye shall serve Elohim upon this mountain.' www.amarthenazarene.com Page 13 hyha In every case in Scripture where “ehyeh ( )” appears, it is always translated and never used as a name. In the next example we we’ll see the Tetragram appear in the same sentence with “ehyeh/ahayah ( ).” Notice the Tetragram is used as the Name while the hyha verb “ehyeh/ahayah ( hyha)” is translated as a regular verb! hwhy), will be (ehyeh/ahayah/hyha) unto her a wall of fire round about, and I will be (ehyeh/ahayah/hyha) the glory in the midst of her. Zechariah 2:9 For I, saith YHWH ( Now if this isn’t proof enough, I don’t know what is? Moses published the Name YHWH not ehyeh (or ahayah as some use). Deuteronomy 32:1-3 Give ear, O ye heavens, and I will speak; and hear, O earth, the words of my mouth. My doctrine shall drop as the rain, my speech shall distil as the dew, as the small rain upon the tender herb, and as the showers upon the grass: Because I will publish the name of YHWH” hyha If ehyeh/ahayah ( ) is the Most High’s name, as some would say, why is Moshe saying he will publish the Tetragram (YHWH)? As I stated earlier, the conspiracy people will scream the name was removed everywhere else except from Exodus 3:14. Yet they are never able to produce any historical, archaeological or biblical proof this is what took place. Where is the proof? THERE IS NONE! hyha hyh [side note - Now some will say should be hayah or pronounced hayah, but this is not so either. This is based on the Strong’s number system. Instead of Strong’s giving the actual word, it listed the root, which is hayah spelled heh, yod, heh ( ) and hyh not aleph, heh, yod, heh ( hyha) ( hyha). Any good biblical source will show you that EHYEH IS FROM the root word hayah, as we saw earlier, and not pronounced hayah! Hayah with its vowel points is written like so: ( ) ָהי ָה. If Moshe wanted to say “hayah ָהי ָה ( )” in this verse he would have wrote it, as he did elsewhere in his writings. For example: הֵׁן הָָאדָ ם,וַי ֹּאמֶר י ְהוָה אֱ ֹלהִּים טֹוב, לָדַ עַת,ָהי ָה כְַאחַד מִּ מֶ ּנו ְו ָלקַח,י ִּשְ לַח י ָדֹו-ו ָָרע; ְועַּתָ ה פֶן ָוחַי, וְָאכַל,גַם מֵׁ עֵׁץ ַה ַחי ִּים .לְעֹּלָם ֶא ֶרץ- עַל כָל,ְו ָהי ָה לְָאבָק -הָָאדָ ם ְועַל-מִּ צ ְָרי ִּם; ְו ָהי ָה עַל פ ֵֹּׁר ַח לִּשְ חִּין ,ַה ְבהֵׁמָ ה .אֶרץ מִּ צ ְָרי ִּם ֶ - ְבכָל--אֲ ַב ְעבֻע ֹּת www.amarthenazarene.com Gen 3:22 And YHWH Elohim said: 'Behold, the man is become as one of us, to know good and evil; and now, lest he put forth his hand, and take also of the tree of life, and eat, and live forever.' Exodus 9:9 And it shall become small dust over all the land of Egypt, and shall be a boil breaking forth with blains upon man and upon beast, throughout all the land of Egypt.' Page 14 h<y.hiy Here’s another example of Strong’s numbering. The word yihyeh ( - he shall be) has the same root as EHYEH, which is hayah; Strong’s #H1961! Notice below, Strong’s gives the root numbering instead of the actual word itself. I highlighted in blue yihyeh ( ) h<y.hiy hyha) where it appears in the text (2 Sam 7:14). and ehyeh ( וְהוא,לֹו לְָאב-ֲאנִּי ֶא ְהי ֶה , ֲאשֶר--ְלבֵׁן לִּי-י ִּ ְהי ֶה שבֶט ֵׁ וְה ֹּ ַכחְּתִּ יו ְב,ְב ַהעֲוֹּתֹו . ו ְבנִּגְעֵׁי ְבנֵׁי ָאדָ ם,ֲאנָשִּים 2 Sam 7:14 I (589) I shall be (1961) to him for a father (1), and he (1931) he shall be (1961) to Me for a son (1121); when he sins (2399), then I will chasten him (3198) with a rod of (7626) men (582), and with strokes of (5061) the sons of (1121) men (582); - Literal Translation. This verse is taken from “The Interlinear Bible Hebrew, Greek, English” coded to the Strong’s. Notice that ehyeh ( ) has the same Strong’s number attached to it that hyha h<y.hiy yihyeh ( ) has! So are we to believe both these words are pronounced “hayah?” NO! Strong’s is simply giving us the root of the word instead of the word itself, which the Strong’s sometimes does. Both these words are different conjunctions of the one root word hayah. Now some will try to argue that Masoretic scribes altered this verse, but this also is not so. When the Masoretes meant for a word to be pronounced differently than it was written they made marginal notes or marks called Qere-Ketiv. This was NOT done or recorded in any biblical, Talmudic, rabbinical or liturgical writing. PLUS, the Dead Sea Scrolls, which is dated way before the MT, has “ehyeh ( hyha)” in Exodus 3:14, not hyh “hayah ( ).” Sorry, there is no historical basis for this train of thought! This is pure conjecture and an unprovable theory! From this study we see that “ehyeh” is what the Most High said in Exodus 3:14.] So why did the Creator say “ehyeh” twice in 14a? When words are repeated in Hebrew it is to add emphasis. Read the Emphasized Bible Introduction, pg. 9 and Gesenius’ Hebrew Grammar, pg. 133. One example of this can be seen in Genesis 2:17. : ִּממֶּנו,ֹלא ת ֹּאכַל-- הַדַ עַת טֹוב ו ָָרע,ו ֵׁמעֵׁץ .מֹות ּתָ מות-- בְיֹום ֲא ָכלְָך ִּמ ֶמּנו,כִּי Genesis 2:17 but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it; for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely (4191) die (4191).' twm The Hebrew word for die (Strong's Number: 4191 muwth mooth verb) is here repeated twice and can be literally translated, “die die.” But when brought over into English it is translated “surely (muwth) die” or “die by death”. It’s repeated twice to simply emphasized you are going to die. There are examples of this found throughout the Scriptures in the Hebrew text, but I will just use this one for the sake of time. The Most High applied this same method to add emphasis to the meaning of His name and who He is. By stressing ehyeh twice the Most High is emphasizing His continuance of being! “Being what” you may ask? Being whatever makes the Most High who He is or whatever He needs to be (for His people)! This is probably why ehyeh/ahayah in Exodus 3:14 was render as “the BEING” in the LXX (Septuagint). LXX Exodus 3:14 "And God spoke to Moses, saying, I am THE BEING (ho On); and he said, Thus shall ye say to the children of Israel, THE BEING (ho On) has sent me to you." www.amarthenazarene.com Page 15 This fits perfect with the Hebrew meaning of the word ehyeh. THE MEANING BEHIND THE NAME Let’s go back to Exodus 3:13-16 Exodus 3:13 And Moses said unto Elohim, Behold, when I come unto the children of Israel, and shall say unto them, The Elohim of your fathers hath sent me unto you; and they shall say to me, What is his name? what shall I say unto them? 14 Elohim said unto Moses, I SHALL BE WHO I SHALL BE: and he said, Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, I SHALL BE hath sent me unto you.” 15Elohim, furthermore, said to Moses, "Thus you shall say to the sons of Israel, 'YHWH, the El of your fathers, the El of Abraham, the El of Isaac, and the El of Jacob, has sent me to you 'This is My name forever, and this is My memorial-name to all generations. 16"Go and gather the elders of Israel together and say to them, 'YHWH, the El of your fathers, the El of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, has appeared to me, saying, "I am indeed concerned about you and what has been done to you in Egypt. In verse 14 the Most High identified Himself as ehyeh or I shall be and then the Most High switches up in verse 15 and 16. In verse 15 through 16 the Most High told Moshe to tell Israel that the Tetragram (YHWH) was the name of the one who appeared to him and sent him. So what just happened? First we must remember what the Father said in verse 14, ehyeh/ahayah, literally means “I shall be” or “I will be” or as the Greek reads “The Being.” Then we must remember “ehyeh/ahayah” is the first-person singular imperfect verb form of the Hebrew verb hayah . So the Most High was identifying Himself and who He is with a first person singular verb. hyh In Exodus 3:15-16 the Father tells Moshe His name, which is simply a third person proper noun form of ehyeh. It shares the same meaning as ehyeh with the exception that it switches up not in meaning but in a grammatical perspective. The Name YHWH, is the thirdperson singular imperfect form of hawah which is synonymous and the older archaic form of hayah. H1933 הוה/ הוא hava' / havah BDB Definition: 1) Qal) 1a) to fall 1b) to be, become, exist, happen Part of Speech: verb A Related Word by BDB/Strong’s Number: a primitive root [compare H183, H1961] Same Word by TWOT Number: 484, 491 Here’s an example of hawah ( )הוהbeing used in a sentence. www.amarthenazarene.com Page 16 H5647 serve עמים יעבדוךGen 27:29 (IHOT+) H1933 to thee: be הוהH3816 thee, and nations לך לאמיםH7812 bow downויׁשתחו לךH7812 bow down ויׁשתחווH251 over thy brethren, לאחיךH1376 lordגביר H779 ארורH779 to thee: cursed ארריךH517 and let thy mother's אמךH1121 sonsבני H1288 he that ברוך׃H1288 thee, and blessed ומברכיךevery one that curseth H5971 Let people blesseth Gen 27:29 Let peoples serve you, and nations bow down to you. Be (hawah) master over your brothers, and let your mother’s sons bow down to you. Cursed be those cursing you, and blessed be those blessing you!” w y Hawah and hayah are the same word in which the weak letters waw ( ) and yod ( ) are interchangeable. Hawah is considered to be the older archaic form of hayah. This is why when you look up the Name of the Most High it could say the root is either hayah or hawah. The root hayah, from the older archaic hawah, from which the Most High’s name is derived, means “be” or something equivalent. When this verb hawah is prefixed with the yod ( ) and modified to a name, it becomes the third-person singular with the meaning “HE WILL/SHALL BE.” YHWH is the third-person singular imperfect form of “to be” with the meaning of “He shall be” or “He will be.” So we have the same meaning in the name YHWH (He shall be) as ehyeh (I shall be) with only “I” being changed to “He.” y “Etymologically, it [YHWH] is a third person singular, imperfect, probably of the verb hawah (or hayah), signifying to be.” – Funk & Wagnalls New Standard Encyclopedia. “[YHWH] is almost always regarded as the third person singular, masculine, imperfect tense, from the root hawah, an old form of the root hayah. The one meaning of hawah is “become.” So that the force of [YHWH] thus derived, as a verb, would be “He will become”; or, as expressive of use and won’t, “He becometh.” Then, passing into use as a noun, it is – “He who becometh,” “The Becoming One.” That is precisely how any other Hebrew name would be formed and would yield up its inherent significance. Thus viewed, its human-like simplicity would be its great recommendation. If the Eternal would speak to man so as to be understood, we seem compelled to expect that He will speak after the manner of men. And if after the manner of men He pleases to take and bear a Name, it would seem the very perfection of condescension that His Name should be formed after the manner of men’s names.” – The Oxford Gesenius under the name “Yahweh” pg. 217, 218. [Brackets mine.] Now the Oxford Gesenius gives a slightly different meaning for the name but still agrees the Name YHWH is in the third-person form. Professor A. B. Davidson states: It seems evident that in the view of the writer ehyeh and [yhwh] are the same: that God is ehyeh, ‘I will be,’ when speaking of Himself and [yhwh], ‘He will be,’ when spoken of by others. What He will be is left unexpressed–He will be with them, helper, strengthener, deliverer.” – Hastings Bible Dictionary, Vol II., pg 199. So ehyeh/ahayah (first-person) and YHWH (third-person) have the same meaning but are from different perspectives, it’s that simple. There is no contradiction between verses 13-16 and the Most High is not playing the name game either. He simply defined Himself in verse 14 and gave the name behind the meaning in verse 15 and 16. This is just like we have seen when other names are given in the Scriptures. When you understand the meaning of ehyeh (or ahayah as some prefer) and YHWH you see how Exodus 3:13-16 perfectly harmonizes. People make things deeper and more complicated than it has to be! www.amarthenazarene.com Page 17 The meaning of the Most High’s name is no mystery. He gives the meaning of His name in verse 14. The meaning can be verified very simply by referring back to exodus 3:12. Exodus 3:12 And He said: 'Certainly I will be (ehyeh) with thee; and this shall be the token unto thee, that I have sent thee: when thou hast brought forth the people out of Egypt, ye shall serve Elohim upon this mountain.' When we say YHWH, we are declaring that "He shall/will be." The meaning of His name has unlimited application. It’s like a blank check. Even in Scripture, the people who serve the Most High would apply compound words to the Father’s name. Look how the Most High’s name is used in conjunction with Hebrew adjectives and verbs. Watch how the meaning is brought out even more when you understand what the Most High’s name means. YHWH ELOHEINU – literal meaning “HE-SHALL/WILL-BE our Power/Might One/Deity” See Exodus 3:18 YHWH YIR’EH - literal meaning "HE-SHALL/WILL-BE provider" See Genesis 22:13, 14. YHWH ROPH’EKHA - literal meaning "HE-SHALL/WILL-BE [he] who heals you" See Exodus 15:26. YHWH NISSEE - literal meaning "HE-SHALL/WILL-BE my banner/miracle" See Exodus 17:15. YHWH MEKADDEESHKHEM - literal meaning "HE-SHALL/WILL-BE your Sanctifier" See Exodus 31:13. YHWH SHALOM - literal meaning "HE-SHALL/WILL-BE peace" See Judges 6:24. YHWH TSIDQEINU - literal meaning "HE-SHALL/WILL-BE our righteousness" See Jeremiah 23:6, 33:16. YHWH SHAMAH - literal meaning "HE-SHALL/WILL-BE there" See Ezekiel 48:35. YHWH RO’EE - literal meaning "HE-SHALL/WILL-BE my Shepherd" See Psalm 23:1. YHWH ABINU – literal meaning “HE-SHALL/WILL-BE our Father” See Isa 63:16, 64:8 The Most High “will be” whatever He needs to be to His people and creation! YHWH is the name Moshe published, what he was ultimately told to use (Exodus 3:15-16). YHWH is the name all the writers of Scripture (including the Nazarenes) published and declared! YHWH IS THE NAME Exo 4:1 And Mosheh answered and said, “And if they do not believe me, nor listen to my voice, and say, ‘ יהוהhas not appeared to you?’” hwhy Why didn’t Moshe say Ehyeh or Ahayah instead of YHWH ( )? Because the Name he was given and told to say was YHWH as we have established throughout this lesson. Over and over again the Most High declare His Name is YHWH. Exo 3:16 “Go, and you shall gather the elders of Yisra’ĕl together, and say to them, ‘ יהוהElohim of your fathers, the Elohim of Ab raham, of www.amarthenazarene.com Page 18 Yitshaq, and of Yaʽaqob, appeared to me, saying, “I have indeed visited you and seen what is done to you in Mitsrayim; Exo 3:18 “And they shall listen to your voice. And you shall come, you and the elders of Yisra’ĕl, to the sovereign of Mitsrayim, and you shall say to him, ‘ יהוהElohim of the Hebrews has met with us. And now, please, let us go three days’ journey into the wilderness to slaughter to יהוהour Elohim.’ Exo 6:2 And Elohim spoke to Mosheh and said to him, “I am ( יהוהAni YHWH). Exo 6:3 “And I appeared to Abraham, to Yitshaq, and to Yaʽaqob, as Ěl Shaddai. And by My Name, יהוה, was I not known to them? Exo 6:6 “Say, therefore, to the children of Yisra’ĕl, ‘I am יהוה, and I shall bring you out from under the burdens of the Mitsrites, and shall deliver you from their enslaving, and shall redeem you with an outstretched arm, and with great judgments, Exo 6:7 and shall take you as My people, and I shall be your Elohim. And you shall know that I am יהוהyour Elohim who is bringing you out from under the burdens of the Mitsrites. Exo 6:8 ‘And I shall bring you into the land which I swore to give to Abraham, to Yitshaq, and to Yaʽaqob, to give it to you as an inheritance. I am יהוה.’” Exo 12:12 ‘And I shall pass through the land of Mitsrayim on that night, and shall smite all the first-born in the land of Mitsrayim, both man and beast. And on all the mighty ones of Mitsrayim I shall execute judgment. I am יהוה. Deut 5:6 ‘I am יהוהyour Elohim who Mitsrayim, out of the house of bondage. brought you out of the land of YHWH is published and declared all throughout the Torah and the entire Tanakh almost 7000 times! YHWH is the only Name found in antiquity in ancient manuscripts and artifacts. YHWH IS THE NAME! BUT YHWH IS PAGAN hwhy) is When all else fails, ahayah proponents will usually come with the line, well YHWH ( hwhy bogus because the pagan use it. Or YHWH ( ) is bogus because it means “He is ruin.” These are by far the weakest arguments used by ahayah proponents. Almost laughable and show the lack of knowledge on Hebrew words! The “He is ruin” argument is addressed in this article entitled “Yah-Hovah.” As far as YHWH ( ) being bogus because pagans use it, let’s see. Pagans have sex, produce children, sacrifice, burn incense, breath, eat, sleep, work, etc. (I think u get my point) yet we wouldn’t say any of these things are bogus. Just because pagans do something or use something doesn’t make it wicked unless it goes against the word of the Most High. Pagan societies have “the Great Flood” story; does that make the story of Noach/Noah false? No! Plus, pagans often emulate or steal things from the hwhy www.amarthenazarene.com Page 19 Scriptures and use them in their bogus rituals and practices. If the Most High says His name is YHWH, who cares what the pagans do or say. Isa 42:8 (The Scriptures) “I am יהוה, that is My Name, and My esteem I do not give to another, nor My praise to idols. I hope this lesson opens the eyes of those who read it and that they realize the Great Name of the Most High YHWH is not bogus nor is it inserted. I pray this article was a blessing and enlightening. Let us hear the conclusion of the entire matter: fear Elohim (God) and guard his commands, for this applies to all mankind! For Elohim shall bring every work into right-ruling, including all that is hidden, whether good or whether evil - Eccl 12:13-14 Shalom Uv’racha (Peace & Blessings) Your Brother AMAR EMET אמר אמת [email protected] www.amaremet.com www.amarthenazarene.com Page 20