THE DEVELOPMENT OF EASTERN TRADITIONAL SPA

Images of Aging
in Indonesia
INTRODUCTION
Tri Budi W. Rahardjo, Martha Tilaar,
Sri Moertiningsih Adioetomo, Vita Priantina Dewi,
Dinni Agustin, Bunda Sugiri, Indang Trihandini
Toni Hartono,Gumilar R. Somantri
1
PRESENTATION
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Background
Life cycle
Demographic trends
Activities
Financial supports
Images of ageing
Recommendation
2
Background
Indonesia is an archipelago with 30.000
plant species and more than 700
ethnicities, as well as has more than
17.000 islands and about 400 volcanoes
About 50% of older adults are still active in
the workplace, contributing to the national
economy. However ,the value to respect the
seniors gradually changes
3
Baby & Child
Gracious age
Teenager
The cycle begins as a baby
and progress into the teens,
adult, postnatal and the
gracious ages.
Post natal
Normally, each phase , has
a particular image, requires
a different holistic beauty
and health approach.
Adult
(Martha Tilaar,2009)
4
Growth of old population, Indonesia
1950-2050
Number of old population by age, 1950-2050,Indonesia
Total 79.8
90,000
80,000
World Population Projection, 2006
11.8
Number ('000)
70,000
60,000
32
50,000
40,000
21.4
80+
30,000
20,000
35.8
4.9
70-79
60-69
10,000
0
Year
03/june/2009
smadioetomo/symposium CHRUI
5 5
Dependency Ratio 0-14, 65+, total
Indonesia 1950-2050
90
Total
80
De mographic Bonus
70
<15
window of opportunity
Persen
60
50
40
30
20
>65
10
13/08/07
Tahun
sm adioetomo/LD-EWC
20
50
20
40
20
30
20
20
20
10
20
00
19
90
19
80
19
70
19
60
19
50
0
Adioetomo (2009)
6
Old men were the head of HH, but there
were 2,7 millions of old women as head of
household (Adioetomo, 2009)
Number of old people by age, sex and status as head of
HH, Susenas 2005
5,000
4,749
4,500
4,000
3,750
Number ('000)
3,500
3,000
Young Old
2,500
Middle Old
1,982
2,000
Old Old
1,687
1,661
1,500
879
1,000
575
483
500
238
0
03/june/2009
M-Head HH
311 316
173
smadioetomo/symposium CHRUI
F -Head HH
M -Non HHH
F- Non HHH
7 7
Gender, old people and work
Susenas 2005
• Still working:
– 30% of young old men -- 12% of young old women
– 20% of middle old men --7% of mid-old women
– 10% of old old men
--2.5% of old old women
• It has to raise concern of why 7% and 2.5% of
middle old and old old women are still
working.
– No social protection that they still have to earn for
their living?
03/june/2009
Adioetomo (2009)
8
Working, home work , others
Source: Sri Moertiningsih Adioetomo, 2009
9
FINANCIAL SUPPORT
( Rahardjo,2007)
Table 2. Source of Financial Support Received by the Elderly, based on Location
Urban
Rural
Total
Source of Support from
N
%
n
%
N
%
Spouse
58
4.35
50
3.75
108
8.11
Son
217
16.29
236
17.72
453
34.01
Daughter
211
15.84
187
14.04
398
29.88
Son/Daughter In-Law
100
7.51
70
5.26
170
12.76
Grandchildren
27
2.03
29
2.18
56
4.20
Brother
15
1.13
10
0.75
25
1.88
Sister
13
0.98
7
0.53
20
1.50
Other
42
3.15
60
4.50
102
7.66
683
51.28
649
48.72
1332
100
10
ACTIVITIES
(Rahardjo,2007)
70
65
62
68
Gardening
60
49
50
35.5
40
30
Social Activities
20
10
40.5
Working inside their
house
Taking care of
grand children
Cooking
Praying together
6
Cleaning up the
house
0
Persentage
11
Activities
12
13
Old people and religious activity
Susenas 2003
Old population and Religous activity, Susenas 2003
•
40% old men and 30% old
women involved in religious
activity
•
More old men than old women
attended religious activity
•
Religious activity can be used
as vehicle to approach old
people for information about
well being or for services.
•
The general perception is that
old people survived in many
challenges and difficulties due
to their religious belief.
•
But questionnaires should be
improved to capture
14
religiosity?
80.0
70.21
70.0
60.60
Percentage
60.0
50.0
39.40
Male
40.0
Female
29.79
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
Religious activity
No religious activity
smadioetomo/symposium CHRUI
Activities and services in
Integrated Community Posts
PHYSICAL EXERCISE
HOME VISIT
SEMINAR
ROUTINE CHECK UP
15
8
Images of Ageing
Students Image about Elderly
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•
•
•
•
2006 ,42 students
2007, 39 students
2008,40 students
2009, 41 students
2010,44 students
37 negative, 5 positive
25 negative,14positive
30 negative, 10 positive
32 negative, 9 positive
28 negative, 16 positive
16
IMAGES OF AGEING
Negatif
2010
28
YEARS
9
30
2008
2006
16
32
2009
2007
Positif
10
25
14
37
5
17
Negative Images
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
talk too much
difficult persons
bossy persons
fragile
troubling
not easy to advise
always speaking repetitively
sensitive
always angry
18
Positive Images
wise
having lots of experience
patient
funny
kind
always giving pocket money to their
grandchildren
• respectful persons
•
•
•
•
•
•
19
Respectful
(National Commission for Older Persons, 2007)
20
Research on Indonesian Plants
for Natural Beauty
Martha Tilaar Innovation Centre, 2008
Inauguration
Award for Consumer
21
Award for Researcher
POSITIVE IMAGE: STARTING FROM YOUNG
• Individuals must start at a youth
age:
• Maintaining beauty
• Positive thinking
• Healthy lifestyle
• Financial security
• Keep active
• Self esteem
• Education and exposure to
positive images improves youth
images of aging.
22
RECOMMENDATION –
everyone needs to promote
positive images of aging,
including:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
National Commission for
Older Persons
Other government orgs
NGOs
Professional societies
Media
Educational institutions
Families
Older persons
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