nino cincaZe

2011 #70
fasi 5 lari
aprili
istoriebi
nino cincaZe
nino beqiSvili
erTi revolucia
zura jiSkariani
specproeqti
politika da arti
irina aliaSvili, ani berukaSvili
interviu
mairbeki
qeTi qanTaria
monti aleqsanderi
kaxa Tolordava
komentari
lobotomia
baCo kvirtia
qvelmoqmedeba VS solidaroba
vaxuSti menabde
literatura
givi margvelaSvili
juanSer tikaraZe
mohamed nasiu ali
beqa qurxuli
garekanze: nino cincaZe
foto: sergi barisaSvili
N70, aprili 2011
kritika
6
redaqtoris werili
8
Cveni avtorebi
10
afiSa nino CimakaZe
16
warsulis saxifaTo aCrdilebi daviT buxrikiZe
18
xorumi qarTuli cekvaa daviT paiWaZe
20
isev maro, isev mito da isev is bedkruli `Sua
qalaqi~ daviT buxrikiZe
22
istoriuli an/da turistuli qalaqi
Tamar amaSukeli
23
godaris `socializmi~
laSa kalandaZe
musika
24
erTi musikaluri saukune miSa mdinaraZe
kulinaria
26
yvela feri da yvelaferi saweblebisa da
sousebis Sesaxeb diana anfimiadi
28
30
Tevzi da Rvino Tamar babuaZe
32
qvelmoqmedeba vs solidaroba vaxuSti menabde
34
gareubnis efeqti laSa qavTaraZe
36
de, TbilisSi gvinda! mariam samadaSvili
38
realisti utopiuri ocnebebiT nino beqiSvili
66
amindis prognozi zura jiSkariani
44
interviu mairbekTan qeTi qanTaria
72
interviu monti aleqsanderTan kaxa Tolordava
specproeqti
50
politika da arti irina aliaSvili, ani
fotoproeqti
78
tibeti isev loculobs sergi barisaSvili
ese
86
Fnord?! daviT CixlaZe
90
Canawerebi lana RoRoberiZe
komentarebi
werilebi
istoria
interviu
lobotomia baCo kvirtia
berukaSvili
Cven gTavazobT:

profesionali eqimis
konsultacias
nebismieri saxis

laboratoriul analizebs

nebismieri saxis acras
evropuli da amerikuli
vaqcinebiT
instrumentul gamokvlevebs

(eqoskopia, ekg)

gauTvaliswinebeli
SemTxvevis dros pirveladi
daxmarebis Catarebas
sxvadasxva saxis

manipulaciebs
eqspres klinika ji pi si-s afTiaqebSi
Tbilisi: gamsaxurdias q. 23/25, WavWavaZis gamz. 24,
WavWavaZis gamz. 50, kostavas q. 23, gorgaslis q. 39;
telefoni: 0-007; 20 12 12
kviraSi 7 dRe
samuSao saaTebi: 9.00 - 21.00
SabaT-kvira: 10.00 - 18.00
redaqtoris werili
mTavari redaqtorebi:
nino lomaZe, rati amaRlobeli
art-redaqtori:
giorgi nadiraZe
redaqtor-stilisti:
paata Samugia
koreqtori: Tamar RonRaZe
nomerze muSaobdnen:
daviT buxrikiZe, Tamar babuaZe,
kaxa Tolordava, qeTi qanTaria,
zura jiSkariani, baCo kvirtia,
daviT paiWaZe, lana RoRoberiZe,
daviT CixlaZe, diana anfimiadi,
miSa mdinaraZe, nino beqiSvili,
Tamar amaSukeli, vaxuSti menabde,
laSa kalandaZe, rati amaRlobeli,
nino CimakaZe, ani berukaSvili, Teo
qavTaraZe, irina aliaSvili, mariam
samadaSvili, laSa qavTaraZe, meri
SixaSvili
foto:
marika qoCiaSvili, levan xerxeuliZe,
sergi barisaSvili
ilustracia:
maia sumbaZe
dizaini:
Tornike lorTqifaniZe
menejeri:
rusudan furcelaZe
sazogadoebasTan urTierToba:
lela SubiTiZe
klientTa momsaxurebis menejeri:
naTia rusaZe
sareklamo gayidvebi:
Tina osefaSvili
distribucia:
zviad Sengelia
gamomcemeli:
Sorena SaverdaSvili
gamomcemloba:
Sps `em fabliSingi~, Tbilisi 0105,
faliaSvilis q. 108, tel.: 912326
el-fosta: [email protected]
sxva gamocemebi:
liberali, biznesi-adamianebi,
meTodebi, strategiebi, dialogi.
stamba:
`favoriti~, Tbilisi, CubinaSvilis q.
50, tel.: 951952
Jurnali gamodis 2004 wlis 25 dekembridan
© “m publishing” saavtoro uflebebi daculia.
JurnalSi gamoqveynebuli masalebis nawilobrivi
an mTliani gamoyeneba gamomcemlobis nebarTvis
gmirebis Zieba saxifaTo, mxolod zianis momtani saqmianobaa. samyarom
dRes kargi ideebi unda eZebos, _ xSirad imeorebs noam Comski, rodesac
propagandis anatomiaze da manipulaciaze laparakobs, _ yvela gmiris
miRma idea unda dainaxo da kargad daaqucmaco, rom movlenebis arsSi
garkveva SeZlo. Comski ambobs, rom gmirebi xalxs araferSi sWirdeba, gmirebi mxolod manipulaciis obieqtebi arian, romelic yovelTvis Zalauflebas, an ZalauflebisTvis mebrZol adamianebs sWirdebaT sayrdenad.
60-iani wlebis erT-erTi lamis ZaliT gmirad Seracxuli bob dilani
Tavis avtobiografiul wignSi `qronikebi~ wers: `me maSin myavda coli da
Svilebi, romlebic am qveyanaze yvelaze metad miyvarda. yviTeli presa
ki, jiutad agrZelebda Cems, rogorc Taobis mesayviris, ufro metic _
Taobis sindisis wardgenas. sasacilo iyo. me mxolod gulaxdil simRerebs vmRerodi. Zalian cota mqonda saerTo da TiTqmis araferi vicodi im
Taobaze, romlis mesayviredac masaRebdnen. me kovboi ufro viyavi, vidre
virTxebis mestvire.
adamianebs hgoniaT, rom popularoba da simdidre Zalauflebis sawindaria da rom mas Rirseba da bedniereba moaqvs. SeiZleba asecaa, magram
zogjer sxvanairadac xdeba... msoflios yovelTvis sWirdeba gantevebis
vaci, vinc romis imperiis winaaRmdeg gailaSqrebs. arasdros vyofilvar
imaze meti, vidre viyavi, _ acremlebuli TvalebiT, nacrisfer bindbunds CaSterebuli folk-musikosi, romelic naTel burusSi mofarfate
simRerebs werda. axla ki es yvelaferi TiTqos Tvalwin amifeTqda da Cem
winaaRmdeg Semotrialda. am situaciaSi nebismieri SeiSleboda Wkuidan~.
(inglisuridan Targmna kaxa Tolordavam).
nino cincaZe swored ideebze saubrobs da maT dacvas Tavisi saqmiT
cdilobs. nino Tvlis, rom SeuZlebelia sazogadoeba Ria iyos gansxvavebuli SesaZleblobebis mqone adamianebisadmi da, amave dros, hqondes
agresia sxvadasxva eTnikuri da religiuri umciresobebis mimarT; SeuZlebelia, aRiarebde gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis ideas da pativs ar scemde
seqsualuri orientaciis sajarod gamoxatvis uflebas; SeuZlebelia
solidaruli iyo Tavisuflebis ideisadmi da gansxvavebulobasa da mravalferovnebas ar aRiarebde.
mimdinare nomerSi or sakiTxze vmsjelobT: fetiSad qceul revoluciebsa
da ideagamoclil gmirebze (gv.72) da mniSvnelovan ideebze (gv.42), romlis
dacva da erTguleba, sinamdvileSi, dedamiwaze cxovrebas gvaswavlis.
gareSe akrZalulia.
nino lomaZe
mogvwereT, [email protected]
6 cxeli Sokoladi
Cveni avtorebi
nino beqiSvili
nino cincaZis istorias aforiaqebuli vwer-
Jurnali
`cxeli Sokoladi~
giwvevT
ivenTis
reklama
diskusiaze
di _ calke iaponiis miwisZvra, calke libiaSi
lamis legitimuri omi, calke piradi awewili
ambebi. Tan vwerdi, Tan xan erT saitze vamowmebdi informacias, xan meoreze, xan meaTeze
_ sanugeSos mainc verafers vigebdi, ufro
piriqiT. mere bavSvobaSi wakiTxuli erTi fraza
amomitivtivda, mTavari gmiri brZolis velidan
seqsi da
seqsualuri
identoba
cols wers _ axla omia da ukve aRar SeiZleba Zveleburad werao. mere erTi
leqsic gamaxsenda, sadac dabombil qalaqSi adamiani aivanze gamodis im imediT,
rom Camovardnili bombi mis saxls ki ara, mopirdapires moxvdeba da uceb, im
mopirdapire saxlidanac aivanze gamosul kacs xedavs, romelic albaT, imaves
fiqrobs. magram me xom omSi ar vyofilvar, Tbil oTaxSi komfortul savarZelSi vijeqi da yavac gverdiT medga. omi da miwisZvra da yvelaferi cudi, rac
Sors xdeboda, cota xniT ramenairad unda dameviwyebina _ ninos simSvides unda
mivyolodi da mosayoli ambis mdinareba arafriT damerRvia. gamovrTe televizori, interneti, telefoni, feisbuqic gavauqme da marto davrCiT me da nino.
ufro sworad, me, kompiuteri da intervius Canaweri. axla meCveneba, rom aseTi
siamovnebiT arasdros araferi miweria. am istoriaSi araferia gansakuTrebu-
stumrebi:
rusudan fxakaZe,
fsiqologi
ana korZaiasamadaSvili,
mwerali
laSa buRaZe,
mwerali
moderatori
rati amaRlobeli,
poeti, `cxeli
Sokoladis~
redaqtori
li da dramatuli. es erTi Cveulebrivi ambavia, romelic Cven gverdiT, Cvens
qalaqSi dResac grZeldeba...
daviT buxrikiZe
socialur qselSi moulodnelad wamowyebulma qariSxalma `memarcxeneobis saymawvilo senze~ ukve gadaiara. amisaTvis TiTqos
aRarc droa da arc Sesaferisi momenti:
marcxniv moulodneli iaponuri apokalifsia da marjvniv libiaSi gaCaRebuli
sagiJeTi, romelic saidan sad gadainacvlebs aravin uwyis. magram mainc `marSrutkis
mZRolebisa~ da `lates~ diskurss davubrundebi.
kiTxva pirveli: Tu socialuri, politikuri, kulturuli an raime sxva movlena imdenad maRelvebs, rom sruliad ucnobi jgufis, xalxis an pirovnebis
mxardamWer aqciazec waval, gasamxnevebladac davwer da sxvebsac movuwodeb
amisaken, es fsevdomemarcxeneoba da farisevlobaa?
kiTxva meore: Tu es movlenebi imdenad maRelvebs, ramdenadac es piradad
mexeba, an Cems karieras Tu socialur imijs mniSvnelobas matebs da amitomac
davuWer mxars acias; mere ki waval da amaze aqciebis mowinaaRmdegeebTan wesrigis saxeliT viqilikeb, es ukve namdvili memarcxeneobaa?
kiTxva mesame: Tu zemoT aRniSnuli aqciebi arc maRelvebs da arc mainteresebs,
kargi xarisxis `kapuCino~ miyvars; `drakaris~ odekolonis SesaZenad mzad var
saburTaloze marSrutkiT gavide; `ar daidardos~ radioeTeri 40 wuTi mSvidad
avitano; `guCis~ saTvale vataro da RamiT jaz-klubSi wavide, es niSnavs, rom
rusTavelis gamziri 17
rusTavelis Teatris
eqperimentuli scena
11 aprili. 19.00. 2011
mZuls mZRolebi, meSaxteebi da saerTod memarcxeneebi?
kiTxva meoTxe da yvelze mniSvnelovani: ratom aRiqvamen ase mtkivneulad
inteleqtualebi Tundac xelovnur, an gulwrfel kritikas da ratom hgvriT
mistikur siamovnebas `damlaiqeblebis~ didi raodenoba socialur qselSi? ar
SeiZleba yvelaze mniSvnelovani saTqmeli `feisbuqis~ sazRvrebs miRma davtovoT. roca sakuTari Tavis winaSe gvaqvs valdebuleba; aravin gvamowmebs _ rac
vifiqreT da rac ara vTqviT.
8 cxeli Sokoladi
audio - video da kompiuteruli
teqnika
pegasis saCuqari qarTuli fexburTis gulSematkivrebs!
SeiZineT televizori an nouTbuqi
saukeTeso fasad maRazia pegasSi Tu Cveni
fexburTis erovnuli nakrebi 2012 wlis
evropis Cempionatze moxvdeba, Tqvens mier
SeZenili produqciis sruli Rirebuleba
ukan dagibrundebaT.
yazbegis 24
tel: 312475, 475612
www.pegasigroup.ge; www.cd.ge
facebook.com/pegasigroup
[email protected]
aqcia xorcieldeba totalizator maqsimumis mxardaWeriT.
10 cxeli Sokoladi
afiSa
gamofena
`bustrofedoni~
qarTveli avangardistebi
`bustrofedoni~ _ ase hqvia gamofenas, romelsac 19 aprilidan literaturis muzeumi da xelovnebis
interdisciplinuri kvlevis laboratoria warmoadgenen. saxelwodeba
ilia zdaneviCis poemis `bustrofedoni sarkeSi~ mixedviT SeirCa da
gamofenaze 1910-iani wlebis qarTveli avangardistebis namuSevrebi
iqneba warmodgenili. gamoifineba
H2SO4-is da sxva literaturuli
Jurnalebis reprinti, aseve avangarduli wignebis printebi da originalebi, grafikuli, ferweruli
da fotonamuSevrebi. maTi avtorebi
gaxlavT: daviT kakabaZe, kirile da
ilia zdaneviCebi, lado gudiaSvili
da sxvebi.
warmodgenili iqneba aseve Teatris mxatvroba da 1910-20-iani
wlebis qarTuli avangarduli kino.
sxvadasxva oTaxSi damontaJebul
ekranze naCvenebi iqneba mixeil kalatoziSvilis `lursmani CeqmaSi~
da `jim SvanTe~; kote miqaberiZis
`Cemi bebia~ da mixeil Wiaurelis
`saba~.
msgavsi gamofena, cota ufro
didi masStabiT, 2009 wlis agvistoSi niu-iorkSi, kesi kaplanis cnobil
galereaSi moewyo. am Temas statiebi
miuZRvnes New York Times-ma, Art forum
international-ma da Flash Art-ma. 2010
wels ki kolumbiis universitetSi
specialuri konferencia moewyo
qarTul avangardze, sadac qarTveli xelovnebis istorikosebi iyvnen
miwveulebi.
gamofenis kuratori _ nana yifiani.
19 aprili-7 maisi , gaxsna 18 sT.
misamarTi: Wanturias q.#8
Tbilisis goeTes instituti
`saukeTeso plakati klimatis cvli-
lebebis Temaze~
plakatebis gamofena studenturi
konkursis Sedegebis mixedviT:
goeTes institutis proeqtis „eko
arti“ farglebSi. sami saukeTeso namuSevari dajildovdeba prizebiT.
21 aprili-5 maisi, gaxsna18 sT.
misamarTi: zandukelis q.#16
„gala galerea“
axalgazrda mxatvris _ tariko Wanturias personaluri gamofena saxelwodebiT `starti~.
1-7 aprili, gaxsna 19 sT.
”gala galerea”
axalgazrda mxatvris _ nino koRuaSvilis personaluri gamofena
10-17 aprili, gaxsna 19 sT.
„eko arti“
avtori: nino CimakaZe
cxeli Sokoladi 11
afiSa
ki mis „STambeWdav da momajadoebel“ vizualur mxareze saubrobda
da moZravi kameris gamo garkveul
paralelebs „axali talRis“ filmebTanac avlebda.
kalatoziSvilis reJisura, evgeni evtuSenkos scenari da sergei
urusevskis saocari, Tavbrudamxvevi kadrebi mTlianobaSi
marTlac fantastikur sanaxaobas qmnis da gaiZulebs, TiTqmis
orsaaT-naxevrian films erTi
amosunTqviT uyuro.
kalatoziSvili erTaderTi sabWoTa reJisoria, romelsac kanis
oqros palmis rto aqvs miRebuli
1958 wels, filmisTvis „mifrinaven
weroebi~.
3 aprili. dasawyisi 18 sT.
„biZia bonmi, romelsac SeuZlia gaixsenos Tavisi warsuli cxovrebebi“
kinos saxli
2010 wlis kanis kinofestivalis
gamarjvebuli tailanduri filmi
reJisori: apiCatpong virasetakuli
7 aprili. dasawyisi 18 sT.
filmebi
`L’Aurore (aisi) - simRera or adamianze~
`me - kuba~
kinoTeatri `amirani~, didi darbazi
reJisori: mixeil kalatoziSvili
germaneli reJisoris, fridrix
murnaus munji filmi
kinos saxli
mixeil kalatoziSvilma `me _
kuba~-s gadaReba 1963 wlis kubis krizisidan ramdenime kviraSi
daiwyo. sabWoTa xelisuflebis
wyalobiT es filmi aTeuli wlebis
manZilze miviwyebuli iyo. `daviwyebis~ oficialur mizezad misi
arakomerciuloba saxeldeboda.
Tumca am sakiTxze araerTgvarovani mosazrebebi arsebobs. kubis
revoluciis wina periodis amsaxveli kinokadrebi zustad exmianeba
sabWoTa revoluciis ideas (bevri
mas eizenSteinis „potiomkinsac“
adarebda). amave dros „me _ kuba“
tiraniis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli Tavisuflebis, cvlilebebis
propaganda iyo da aba, ra garantia
hqondaT, rom sabWoTa mayurebeli
12 cxeli Sokoladi
filmis Cvenebis Semdeg axal revoluciaze ar daiwyebda fiqrs?
SemTxveviT aRmoCenili filmi
TiTqmis 30-wliani pauzis Semdeg 1993 wels san franciskos
kinofestivalze aCvenes. filmis
dasrulebis Semdeg mayurebeli
ramdenime wuTis ganmavlobaSi fexze damdgari ukravda taSs. Tumca
`me _ kuba~ msoflio kinosamyarosTvis mxolod 1995 wels gaxda
cnobili, roca is amerikelma
reJisorebma, martin skorsezem da
frensis ford kopolam kinokompania Milestone Films-Tan erTad
waradgines. „es kinos istoriaSi
erT-erTi udidesi aRmoCenaa, is
samudamod Secvlis Tqvens xedvas
kinoze“, _ werda Milestone Films
filmis Sesaxeb. „niu-iork taimsi“
goeTes institutisa da franguli
institutis erToblivi proeqti
2 aprili. dasawyisi 19 sT.
daswreba Tavisufalia
`mamaCemis gelfrendi~
`rusTaveli~ da `amirani~
reJisori nikoloz xomasuriZe
rolebSi: imeda arabuli, Sorena
begaSvili
aprili
`wiTelquda~
kinoTeatri `amirani~
reJisori: ketrin hardiki
rolebSi: amanda seifridi, lukas
hasi, gari oldmeni
aprili
avtori: nino CimakaZe
afiSa
Teatri
`dekameroni~
reJisori: levan wulaZe
marjaniSvilis Teatri
jovani bokaCos cotaTi ar gaumarTla: Sepirebuli speqtakli
`dekameroni~, romelic levan wulaZis reJisuriT jer kidev gasul
wels unda enaxa publikas Tbilisis
saerTaSoriso Teatralur festivalze, garkveuli mizezebis gamo
gadaido. samagierod, ukve axali wlis
Tebervlidan, reJisorma marjaniSvilis TeatrSi repeticiebi ganaaxla.
Seferxebis miuxedavad, `dekameronis~
premiera martis bolos, an aprilis
pirvel ricxvebSi gaimarTeba.
sadadgmo jgufi TiTqmis igivea:
`Wolas~ erTguli qoreogragi gia
marRania, mis speqtaklebSi xSirad `Se-
mCneuli~ kompozitori vaxtang kaxiZe
da sakmaod daxvewili kostiumebis mxatvari nino gaCeCilaZe. arc msaxiobebi
arian mayureblisTvis gansakuTrebiT
ucxoni _ baia dvaliSvili, manana
kazakova, eka niJaraZe, onise oniani,
givi CuguaSvili, marlen egutia, beso
baraTaSvili da sxvebi.
ase rom, gasuli wlis imedgacrueba
SesaZloa sasargeblo gamodges da
mayurebelma ufro kargi xarisxis
speqtakli ixilos. miT umetes, rom
Cemi TaobisTvis erotikulad Seracxuli `dekameroni~ qarTul scenaze
arasodes dadgmula. iqneb aRorZinebis
xanis msuye, janmrTeli da feradovani
erotizmi scenaze ukeTesi sanaxavia,
vidre yalbi patriotuli notebiT an
socialuri TematikiT gamZafrebuli
uRimRamo speqtaklebi.
premiera 29, 30, 31 marti, 20sT.
daviT buxrikiZe
`bostani konfliqtis zonaSi~
Tavisufali Teatri
axali speqtaklis premiera 24
martidan
reJisori avTandil varsimaSvili
Tamri fxakaZis nawarmoebis
mixedviT.
7,14,21 aprili, 19sT.
cxeli Sokoladi 13
afiSa
diskusia
filmis Cveneba, diskusia
`gaRma napiri~
reJisori: giorgi ovaSvili
Frontline Georgia-Si giorgi ovaSvilis filmis, `gaRma napiris~ Cveneba
da diskusia gaimarTeba. filmis
premiera 2009 wels berlinis kinofestivalze Sedga: bolo or weliwadSi ki is oTxmocamde festivalze
aCvenes. `gaRma napiri~ ramdenime
evropulma telearxmac SeiZina.
Cvenebaze reJisoric iqneba mowveuli. giorgi ovaSvilTan erTad
diskusiaSi monawileobas miiReben:
dali xomeriki _ afxazeTis avtono-
`warsulis rekonstruqcia: isto-
monumentalizmi posttotalitarul
miuri respublikis ganaTlebisa da
riografiis roli sabWoTa warsulis
saqarTveloSi
kulturis ministri; guram odiSaria
gaazrebaSi~
Frontline Georgia
_ mwerali da giorgi suxumi jaxaia _
goeTes instituti
diskusiaze ganixilaven, Tu ram-
blogeri.
arasamTavrobo organizaciis „sa-
denad gamarTlebulia bolo dros
bWoTa warsulis kvlevis labora-
agebuli qandakebebi xelovnebis
SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone
toria~ yovelTviuri proeqti.
TvalsazrisiT da ramdenad exmau-
devnili bavSvebis mier damzadebuli
29 aprili. dasawyisi 18:00 sT.
reba isini Tanamedrove tenden-
sasuveniro nawarmis gamofena-gayid-
misamarTi: zandukelis q.#16
ciebs (wminda giorgis qandakeba
filmis dawyebamde gaimarTeba
va. gamofena fondis `biblioTeka
Tavisuflebis moedanze, monumenti
kulturuli centri SezRuduli
diskusia sagamomcemlo saqmianobis
gmirTa moedanze, mcire plastika
SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTaTvis
problemebze saqarTveloSi
quCebsa da xidebze).
Tanadgoma~ proeqtis farglebSi
literaturis muzeumi
stumrebi: nana yifiani, xelov-
ganxorcielda.
stumrebi: „diogenes“ gamomcemeli
nebaTmcodne, sofo kilasonia,
5 aprili. 18sT.
Tamar lebaniZe da mwerlebi _ zaza
xelovnebaTmcodne Teo xatiaSvili,
misamarTi: broses q.#6
burWulaZe da beso xvedeliZe.
kinomcodne
8 aprili. dasawyisi 18 sT.
12 aprili. 19 sT.
misamarTi: Wanturias q. #8
misamarTi: broses q.#6
nino kirTaZis filmis, `durakovobriyvTa sofeli~ Cveneba.
Frontline Georgia
ambavi moskovidan asi kilometriT
daSorebuli soflis mkvidrebze,
romelTagan erT-erTi acxadebs:
`RmerTi zemoT mefobs, putini _
miwaze. Cven, daumarcxebeli rusi
arwivebi, dedas vutirebT Tqvens
natos~.
Cvenebis Semdeg gaimarTeba diskusia, romelsac avtoric daeswreba.
29 marti. 18 sT.
misamarTi: broses q.#6
avtori: nino CimakaZe
14 cxeli Sokoladi
kritika
warsulis saxifaTo aCrdilebi
dros acdenili Teatraluri premierebi
daviT buxrikiZe
mokled da konkretulad,
febis, kompozitorebis da
Tanamedrove Teatri didi
qoreografebis
xania problemebis winaSea.
TanamSromlobiT axali re-
uxmauro premierac ki ukve
aloba, mwvave problemebi
movlenad SeiZleba CavTva-
da
loT. gemovneba rom testi-
mainc ver vigrZeniT. arada,
rebas niSnavs, es karga xania
es proeqtis mTavari mizani
daadastura `komedi klabi-
iyo.
urTierT-
Tanamedrove
Teatri
sa“ Tu „SabaTis Sous“ msga-
maka nacvliSvilma mcire
vsma sanaxaobebma. msubuqad
Teatris scenaze orjer ga-
uxamsi satelevizio Souebi-
dadebuli premiera rogorc
sa da aRgznebadi saklubo
iqna daasrula. jer iyo da,
cxovrebis fonze, umTavresi
erT-erTi mTavari rolis
kiTxva kvlavac aqtualuria:
Semsrulebelma
SeuZlia Tu ara mayurebels,
moulodnelad datova, mere
romelsac
mTavari rolis Semsrule-
socialuri
da
fsiqologiuri CaRrmavebis-
belma,
Tvis arc dro darCa da arc
xeli moitexa...
moTmineba,
umtkivneulod
nanuka
teqsti
klab-Sous
Semcirebuli.
gaxdes,
romelSic mas gamudmebiT
buli
epatiJebian?
avtori
iqneb
Tanamedrove dasa-
vluri dramis, saintereso
teqstebis, an Cveni klasikosi-reJisorebis
`msaxvrali
xelis~ daxmarebiT faruli
brZola gamoucxados ugemovnobasa da zedapirulobas
xuskivaZem
germaneli dramaturgis
Seeguos garemos da imave
nawili
msaxiobma
sakmao
doziTaa
damaxinje-
konteqstis
gamo,
aRfrTovanebu-
bolodroindeli
Wreli, xSirad formaluri
li albaT ar darCeboda.
da arafrismTqmeli
warmodgenebi kriziss mxolod
adasturebs.
liad gansxvavebulad idg-
scenaze?!
Tumca msoflios mraval
qveyanaSi misi piesebi srumeba.
arcTu axalgazrda wyvilis, frankisa (zurab ingoroyva) da klaudias (nino
es mxolod ritorika ar aris. bolodroindeli Wreli, xSi-
Tarxan-mouravi) mtkivneuli politikuri warsulis (isini
rad formaluri da arafrismTqmeli warmodgenebi kriziss
`Stazis~ yofili TanamSromlebi arian) Sesaxeb speqtaklidan
mxolod adasturebs. bolo ori Tvis ganmavlobaSi robert
bevrs verafers SeityobT, maSin roca piesaSi es motivi mniS-
sturuas magistrantebma, maka nacvliSvilma da paata ciko-
vnelovania. Semoklebam `imsxverpla~ ramdenime saintereso
liam rusTavelis Teatris mcire darbazis sivrce axali war-
scena, germaniis warsulis politikuri konteqsti da meore-
modgenebiT Seavses. pirvelma germaniaSi popularuli dra-
xarisxovani personaJebi.
maturgis, roland Simelpfenigis piesa `qali warsulidan~
frankisa da klaudias ojaxur idilias warsulis `aCr-
dadga (sxvaTa Soris, es goeTes institutisa da rusTavelis
dili~ arRvevs. es aris romi fogtlenderi (eqstravagantu-
Teatris axali proeqtia), xolo meorem _ axalgazrda mwer-
ri da seqsualuri imijis mqone nanuka xuskivaZe), romelic
lisa da dramaturgis lela kodalaSvilis `qalebi, Ralati~.
odesRac maradiuli grZnobiT iyo dakavSirebuli frankTan.
am ori premieriT dasrulda proeqti `axali talRa~,
idumali xmebi Tu ucnauri kakuni karze speqtaklSi mxolod
romelic rusTavelis Teatris iniciativiTa da fond `Ria
metafora ar aris; es axalgazrduli Tavqarianobis gamo daS-
sazogadoeba _ saqarTvelos~ finansuri mxardaWeriT gan-
vebuli Secdomebis ganaCens ufro hgavs.
xorcielda. am proeqtis Semdeg erTi ramis Tqma SeiZleba:
Tanamedrove dasavluri dramis marwuxebSi axali Temis
speqtaklebis esTeturi xarisxi dabalia, xolo reJisorebs
Zieba reJisorisaTvis erTgvari gamocdaa, romlis Cabareba
ganzogadebis unari aSkarad akliaT. axalgazrda scenogra-
SesaZlebelia tipur socialur-fsiqologiur piesaSic da
16 cxeli Sokoladi
ukve yelSi amosul absurdSic. mTavari drois zusti SegrZ-
tikul Sarms moklebulia, Tavad istoria ki anekdoturia.
neba da swori socialur-esTetikuri gaTvlaa. Simelpfenigis
sxvaTa Soris, rei kunis piesa mravali cnobili Teatris
rTuli, damabneveli da arcTu natifi ironiiT gamorCeuli
scenaze daidga. ingliseli komediografiT ramdenime wlis
teqstis `mowesrigeba-moTviniereba~ axalgazrda reJisoris-
win robert sturuac dainteresda, romelmac rusTavelis
Tvis rTuli aRmoCnda. miuxedavad formaluri reJisoruli
Teatris scenaze swored am piesis dagma gadawyvita. Tumca
xerxebis codnisa da efeqturi scenografiisa (mxatvari nuca
mogvianebiT gegmebi Seecvala da Canafiqri ar ganxorcielda.
Wyonia).
garkveuli drois Semdeg `Teatri aTonelze~ isev miubrun-
samwuxaroa, rom meore warmodgenaSi _ `qalebi, Ralati~
da emigrantebis Temas. Teatralebs albaT axsovT msaxiob
(reJisori paata cikolia) ara mxolod Semoklebuli piesis
irakli afaqiZis mier ganxorcielebuli `emigrantebi~ (mro-
konstruqcia irRveva, aramed Tavad warmodgenis mxatvruli
Jekis piesis mixedviT), sadac zura yifSiZe da goga pipinaSvi-
qsovili. dramaturgis, lela kodalaSvilis TqmiT, piesaSi
li TamaSobdnen. amjerad amerikaSi gadaxvewil qarTvelebze
sul 11 personaJia, maSin roca reJisorma scenaze sul sami
reJisori qeTi doliZe socialur-fsiqologiuri Teatris
datova, Tanac mxolod qalebi. isini emansipaciis, seqsisa da
eniT mogviTxrobs.
col-qmruli Ralatis Temebs ver scildebian, ris gamoc pie-
petre xotianovskisa da inga garuCavas piesa `dila mSvi-
sa siRrmesa da mniSvnelobas kargavs. lamis cariel sivrceSi
dobisa, asdolariano!~ zustad aris gaTvlili mayureblis
gaTamaSebuli warmodgena (scenaze mxolod magida, skamebi da
reaqciasa da `aqtualuri Teatris~ momxmarebelze. odnav
TeTri ekrania, romelzec drodadro titrebi Cndeba) mono-
Zvelmoduri, magram samsaxiobo ostatobiT gamorCeul spe-
logebis mosawyen monacvleobas, an msaxiobTa Soris Sejibrs
qtaklSi nana faCuaSvili, nineli WankvetaZe, ramaz ioselia-
emsgavseba. mokled sami msaxiobi qali Ralatis Svid scenas
ni da nugzar ruxaZe monawileoben. cnobili Jurnalistis
kacebis gareSe da isteriiT warmoadgens. ana nikolaSvili
gamoCena scenaze mayureblisTvis moulodnelia, magram Tu
SedarebiT sainteresoa, rasac ver vityviT Teko CubiniZisa
gaviTvaliswinebT, rom is amerikel masaJists TamaSobs, ro-
da eka demetraZis personaJebze.
melic davrdomil meris (nana faCuaSvili) mkurnalobs, gasa-
vidre qalebi `rusTavelSi~ urTierTobebs kacebis gareSe
gebi gaxdeba reJisoris arCevani. nineli WankvetaZe amerikaSi
arkvevdnen, gldanSi, axmetelis saxelobis TeatrSi taqsis-
momvlelad wasul inteligent qals dramatuli aqcentiT
ti givi sasiyvarulo Tavgadasavlebs muskomediuri sianciT
asaxierebs, xolo ramaz ioseliani ebraeli musikosis sifa-
gviziarebda. reJisorma malxaz aslamaziSvilma ingliseli
qizes da ironias usvams xazs. tedi xom erT dros baTumSi
dramaturgis, rei kunis gaxmaurebuli piesa `Tavs uSvele ga-
cxovrobda...
qceviT~ Taviseburad gadmoaqarTula _ personaJebs saxelebi
marTalia, finali zRapars ufro hgavs, vidre fsiqodramis
Seucvala, nawarmoebs ki saTauri. speqtakls ratomRac `taq-
dasasruls, magram publikas optimizmi sWirdeba, iseve ro-
sisti givis siyvarulis istoria~ ewodeba.
gorc minavlebul Rirsebas _ gamococxleba. qeTi doliZem
taqsis mZRolis istoria, romelsac ori coli hyavs, magram amas iseTi ostatobiT malavs, rom veravin
verafers xvdeba, dakarguli muskomediis Janris
moyvarulebs
gaaxarebs.
warmodgena `SabaTis SousaviTaa~, standartuli
msaxiobebs sruli kart-blanSi misca, xolo mayurebels Zve-
marTalia finali zRapars
ufro hgavs, vidre fsiqodramis
logikur dasasruls, magram publikas
optimizmi sWirdeba.
li da xarisxiani samsaxiobo Teatri gaaxsena.
Tumca arc didi reJisoris, mixeil TumaniSvilis saxelis daviwyeba
SeiZleba, romlis aCrdilic daxloebiT ori
iumoriTa da saWirbo-
saaTis
roto anekdoturobiT
albaT, sadme am patara
Sezavebuli; anu `war-
Teatris darbazSi dae-
matebisTvis~
xeteboda.
ganwiru-
ganmavlobaSi,
li. Tanac speqtaklSi
mere ra, rom es sxva
`Sua qalaqis~ zogierTi
dro da sxva Teatri
ganapira
iyo!
varskvlavic
monawileobs: baCo qajaia, gvanca kandelaki,
TamTa pataSuri, giorgi devaZe, andro sariSvili.
don-Juanis Soreuli
`megobari~ givi romancxeli Sokoladi 17
kritika
xorumi qarTuli cekvaa
daviT paiWaZe
amas
winaT
iuTubze
erT
wyvilTa cekvaSi es „mkla-
cekvas SevaCerdi _ 70 wlis
vs“: aris temperamenti, Zala,
winandel Canawers. cekvavdnen
energia, kacebisgan _ naTali
zangi wyvilebi (amjerad afro-
sixiste. qalSi igrZnoba aRel-
amerikelebi ara isa _ maSin,
veba, muxti, naperwkali kacis
1941-Si maT jerac zangebs eZa-
miaxloebis gamo. magram ori-
xdnen). sasceno kostiumebis mi-
ve „yinavs“ am vnebas, wnexs da
xedviT mocekvave kacebi asaxie-
gandevnis mas. ufro zustad,
rebdnen oficiants, mzareuls,
anacvlebs: kaci _ mkacri, „wa-
avtomeqanikoss,
fostalions;
xnagovani“ plastikiT, distan-
qalebi, Sesabamisad _ ZiZas, mo-
ciiT, miukareblobiT, qali _
axles, mzareulis TanaSemwes,
Zunwi mimoxriT, gamoxatuli
mimtans, mokled, xalxis wiaRi-
TavSekavebiT, mzerisa da sxeu-
dan gamosul xalxs. ar vici, ra
lis ganridebiT. mewyvileebi
hqvia im cekvas. wyvilebi maRal
erTmaneTs TiTqmis arasodes
tempSi, vnebiT exlebodnen erTmaneTs. aranairi Sesavali da
exebian (erTi maxsovs, bolo dros, lazuris cekvisas waeta-
gaxureba ar WirdebodaT _ maTi tanebi imTaviTve xalisian
neba kaci qalis wels). kacis mxriv wyvilTa cekva erTi daus-
gaxelebas gvauwyebdnen, rbili, moqnili plastikiTa da Zlie-
rulebeli mcdelobaa, mietanos qals, xolo qalis mxriv _
ri WavliT gadmomskdari energiiT. cekvis dros mewyvileebi
warmatebuli mcdeloba, dausxltes kacs, ar gaaxaros is.
TiTqmis uwyvetad exebodnen erTmaneTs _ da roca ar exe-
maT Soris mudmivad mcire, magram gadaulaxveli manZilia.
bodnen, maTi sxeulebis dispozicia sruliad erTmniSvnelo-
da arasodes aravin dgams im erT, gadamwyvet nabijs, rome-
van urTierTltolvaze laparakobda. am yvelafers axlda
lic Sekavebaze daxarjul nebisyofas urTierTobebSi rea-
janmrTeli sixaruli da iyo absoluturad arauxamsi. sxva-
lizebul vnebad aqcevs. В Советском Союзе секса нет! _ 1980-ani
dasxva sqesis adamianebi gulwrfelad izidaven erTmaneTs,
wlebis es ukve daxavsebuli, lamis ideologiuri formula
surT erTmaneTi da amas ar malaven: gamoxataven cekviT, qo-
yvelaze elvared, yvelaze artistulad, yvelaze lamazad
reografiuli da alag akrobatuli ileTebiT, Tan cdilo-
swored suxiSvilebis SemoqmedebaSi iyo realizebuli. vfi-
ben, Senc gadmogdon es intencia, xalisi da gulwrfeloba.
qrob, amas Tavidanve mSvenivrad xvdebodnen „goskoncertSi“
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mTg5V2oA_hY&feature=player_
da suxiSvilebs, rogorc sabWoTa ideologemebs, daubrko-
embedded#at=14
leblad uSvebdnen danarCen msoflioSi. garda imisa, rom
me uceb suxiSvilebi gamaxsenda. gamaxsenda swored amiT,
maT myari valuta SehqondaT saxelmwifo xazinaSi („goskon-
rac ar aris maT cekvaSi, rac gandevnilia, dawnexilia da,
certis“ mada cnobilia), sazRvrebs gareT maTve gahqondaT
viTom Tu namdvilad, Rrmad qarTulia...
sabWoTa ideologiis brwyinvaleba, xolo Cven gvrCeboda ama-
suxiSvilebi arasodes yofilan isini, rac maT erqvaT da
ve ideologiis siRatake _ gancda, rom qarTul kulturaSi
hqviaT: arc xalxuri cekvis saxelmwifo akademiuri ansambli
swored es aris bunebrivi da organuli: daxvewili ukmexoba,
da arc qarTuli nacionaluri baleti („nacionaluri bale-
Seuxebloba, uari uSualobasa da siaxloveze, vnebis amayad
ti“, me Tu mkiTxavT, iseTive oqsimoronia, rogoric „xalxu-
dafarva da xanjlebis WaxaWuxSi gadatana...
risa“ da „akademiuris“ mezobloba erT gansazRvrebaSi). Ta-
ironia da orazrovneba zemoT SemTxveviT ar mixsenebia:
vic aravis moutyuebia _ dass araformalurad yovelTvis
garda imisa, rom uzarmazari pirovnuli ZalisxmeviT Seqm-
eZaxdnen realur saxels _ suxiSvilebs. es dasi, misi cekvebi
nili gundi gamoxatavda koleqtivistur suliskveTebas,
moifiqres konkretulma pirovnebebma. magram amas ssrk-Si
Zalian meeWveba, dasis wevrebs (Taobebs!) erTTavad imave
xmamaRla aravin aRiarebda da maT saxelsac dass aravin daar-
RirebulebebiT da principebiT ecxovraT, romelTac isini
qmevda. amgvari orazrovneba, ironia, suxiSvilebis arsebobas
scenaze ganasaxierebdnen.
lamis daarsebidanve axlda.
...SviliSvilebis Taoba rom meamboxea, es jer kidev Zvel
...roca suxiSvilebTan wyvilebi cekvaven, Cven vfiqrobT:
saberZneTSi icodnen. umcrosma iliko suxiSvilma „raRacee-
ai, WeSmariti vaJkacobis, raindobis, siCauqis gamoxatuleba;
bi“ Secvala: scenaze qalebs ufro xSirad acviaT „kacurad“,
ai, WeSmariti qali _ ukareba, mfrTxali, Rirseuli. vis ar
xorumSic ki acekvdnen bolos. mokled, emansipirdnen. kacebs
ugrZvnia Jruanteli qarTulis yurebisas, roca vaJi „gasme-
jer ar „gaTanabrebian“, magram aqeT midian. Tumca, erTma-
biT“ uaxlovdeba qals, gamowvevis niSnad Tavs odnav dadreks
neTs Zveleburad ar exebian, ltolvas ar aCenen, mzeras ari-
da isic msubuqad moswydeba adgils, milivlivebs da SeuTa-
deben da oriveni jerac „amaRlebuli“ arian sqesTa Soris
vsebels aTavsebs _ erTdroulad gaxevebasa da sinarnares...
mizidulobis Zalaze... cekvebSi, rasakvirvelia.
18 cxeli Sokoladi
kritika
isev maro, isev mito da isev is
bedkruli `Sua qalaqi~
plus levan gabriaZis `kinovikrutasebi~
daviT buxrikiZe
amas davumatoT
jer holivuucnauri Tbilidi, mere bolivudi da axla
suri
premiera:
nolivudi. axal
moskovSi mcxoqarTul kinoze
vrebi reJisoris,
ukve amgvari melevan
gabriZis
filmi
`vikrutaforebiT saubroben. es arc
tasebi~, romlis
marto cinikomaSveli
rgoli
_
prodiuseri
si
blogereda reJisori, tibis fantaziis
nayofia da arc
mur bikmambetokirkita kritivi
Seucdomeli
komerciuli alkosTa werilobiTi xelgarjiRoTi da ynosviT
gamoirCeva.
maloba. es cudad
nakeTi qarTuli
gram mxolod kokinematografis
mercia kinos ar
iumoris SezavebiT
realuri mdgoniSnavs!
gvimxels nanuli sarajiSvili. mis qalaqel
films `vikrumareobaa, roca
`metoqes~ marina saRaraZe Zveleburad manerulad
sazogadoebritasebi, anu iRTamaSobs, policielic isev mamuka loriaa, oRond
vi, socialuri
bliani
xrikebi~
Tu politikuri
(cnobili
kinopensiaze gasuli.
movlenebi mxavarskvlavis, mila
iovoviCisa da rusuli kinos romantikuli gmiris,
tvrul ganzogadebamde verafriT maRldeba.
mas Semdeg, rac giga aglaZis slaididan `amoWrili~ konstantin xabenskis monawleobiT) ukve mohyva mcigogonebi, SoTa kalandaZis arcTu natifad natanji re skandali da gaugebroba. filmis premieraze, Tbierotizmi da daviT imedaSvilis lamis sareklamo lisSi reJisori ambobda, rom safexburTo gundisa
`ocnebis qalaqi~ mayurebelma ucnauri optimizmiT da mwvrTnelis saerTo Tema mxolod garegnuli msmiiRo, gasakviri aRaraferia. didi xania kino garTo- gavsebaa `vikrutasebsa~ da qarTul moklemetraJian
bisa da e.w. entertaimentis nawilia da amas aravin `feolas~ Soris. maSin roca kritikosebi da Jurnauaryofs. sakiTxavi is aris, sad gadis zRvari `rod listebi rusul filmSi plagiatis saxifaTo niSnebs
muvisa~ da mxatvrulad Rirebul kinoproduqcias So- xedavdnen. am komerciulad kargad gaTvlil films
ris? an ra saerTo aqvT SinnakeT, lamis kustarul da (`vikrutasebi~ ruseTSi kinogaqiravebis lideria TiHD-iT gadaRebul `brtyeli~ gamosaxulebis qarTul Tqmis ori Tvis ganmavlobaSi) aSkarad aklia romanfilmebs Tundac irakli faniaSvilis an levan koRu- tizmi, iumori da sisadave, riTac baadur wulaZis
(rezo gabriaZis scenari) `feola~ gamoirCeoda.
aSvilis gamonaklis da saintereso filmebTan?
`garigeba 20 wlis Semdeg~ Zveli SemoqmedebiTi jguZiebis survili araferia gamocdilebisa da Secdomebis gaTvaliswinebis gareSe. rogorc cnobilia, fis fantaziis nayofia (reJisori _ zaza koleliSvisxvis Secdomebze swavla ufro Wkvianuria, vidre li, scenari _ naTia gogoWuri, operatori _ nugzar
sakuTaris asjer gameoreba. magram ratomRac asme- nozaZe). personaJebsac nacnobi msaxiobebi umklavdeerTed mainc dausrulebeli serialis, `Sua qalaqis~ bian. `mware~ maros gulisnadebs xalxur-erotikuli
kinoversias viRebT; an erT dros popularuli `gari- iumoris SezavebiT gvimxels nanuli sarajiSvili. mis
gebis~ rimeiks, romlis ekranze gamosvlidan 18 weli qalaqel metoqes marina saRaraZe Zveleburad manegavida da ara _ 20. Tumca ra mniSvneloba aqvs...
rulad TamaSobs, policielic isev mamuka loriaa,
`mware~ maros gulisnadebs isev
xalxur-erotikuli
20 cxeli Sokoladi
kritika
oRond pensiaze gasuli. `dutas~ ramdenime sityvian biT, msaxiobTa TeatralurobiT. gasakviri arc aris,
personaJs `garigebisagan~ gansxvavebiT, didi datvir- rom televiziis SeWra kinoSi aseTi tempebiT da agreTva aqvs, xolo lela wurwumia im qals TamaSobs, pir- siiT mimdinareobs. amas xels uwyobs cudad awyobili
gaqiravebis sistema, mouwyobeli da araTanamedrove
vel filmSi `pavarotSi~ usityvod rom idga...
erTaderTi cvlileba mitos rolis Semsrulebe- kinoTeatrebi. iseve rogorc, kinowarmoebis jer kilia. msaxiobi goga pipinaSvili, romelsac sinjebi dev dauZleveli krizisi da kargi kinomsaxiobebis
ukve gavlili hqonda, moulodnelad Secvala tris- ekranidan gaqroba. xolo upatronod darCenil kitan salariZem. gaCndnen axali personaJebic, romel- nos rom televizia daepatroneba, gasakviri sulac
Tac roland oqropiriZe, daTo rostomaSvili, goCa ar aris.
filmi savaWro centr `qarvaslas~ produqtebisa da
kapanaZe da goga gvelesiani TamaSoben. mokled, `garigeba 2-Si~ bevr nacnob msaxiobsa da satelevizio cnobili brendebis reklamas ufro hgavs. ratomRac
saxevarskvlavs naxavT. da kidev, ratomRac arsad swored `qarvaslaSi~ unda gamofinon luvridan CaCans Sorena begaSvili.
motanili brilianti. iq imyofebian `Sua qalaqis~
msuye kaxuri iumoris eqspluatacias filmis avto- CvenTvis nacnobi gmirebic (filmSi isini serialis
rebi isev ewevian: `pirvelad aris Zneli, Tore mere personaJebs ganasaxiereben) da borotmoqmedebic,
xalvasaviT midis~; `skolis win daasvenes ra, saSe- romlebic gangebam sxvadasxva mizeziT Seyara. yvela
modgomo gamoyva?!~; `es amodena rkina haerSi rogo maTgani kriminalur SarSi gaexveva. magram brilianCerdeba~ da a.S. dramatuli sasiyvarulo ambebidan tis gadarCenas, romelsac borotmoqmedebi gaitaceoci wlis Semdeg holandiaSi gadaxvewili mito Sin ben, yoCaRi iumoristi irakli CxeiZe da kampania warbrundeba. amasobaSi eulad darCenil maros kargad matebiT moaxerxeben.
awyobili biznesi aqvs: Sps `garigebis~ daxmarebiT
am naxevrad abda-ubda da viTom iumoriT moTxroerTmaneTs martoxela qalebsa da mamakacebs axvedre- bili ambis bolo, cxadia, keTilia: daTo Tavis siyvabs da ojaxis SeqmnaSi exmareba.
ruls, mSvenier cisferTvala arsebas, rogorc iqna,
Tu filmSi uxams iumors, myvirala personaJebs da latariis kompaniaSi ipovis; irakli CxeiZes mdivani
Teatralur pirobiTobas ufro aRmoaCenT, ar gagi- qali ukve sxva prezentaciaze epatiJeba, xolo debi
kvirdeT. es axali, aranakleb duxWiri drois gamo- Rlontebi (TavianTi qmrebiT) samtrediidan Zveli
Zaxilad CaTvaleT, vidre 90-ian wlebSi iyo, roca `JiguliT~ wamoyvanil da gaqceul goWs cocxals
afxazeTis omi axali damTavrebuli iyo. maSin nanuli ibruneben.
reJisor nikoloz xomasuriZis `mamaCemis gelfrensarajiSvilma maros rolisTvis saerTaSoriso kinofestival `oqros arwivze~ (es aslan abaSiZis drois di~ im dros gamovida, roca Jurnali `cxeli Sokolakulturuli
emanacia
di~ ukve ibeWdeboda.
iyo) prizic ki daimsasamwuxarod mis Sesaxura.
xeb bevrs verafers
filmis prodiuseregetyviT. mxolod is
vici, rom kinoTeatr
bi da Tavad reJisoric
bolo, cxadia, keTilia.
`amiranis~ posteri gaimedovneben, rom mayurebels rimeiki iseve
cilebiT mimzidvelad
moewoneba, rogorc `gagamoiyureba,
vidre
filmis sinopsisia.
rigeba~. optimizms cxadia, veravis dauSli.
bolo drois kidev
erTi kinopremiera _
`erTxel Sua qalaqSi~,
telekompania `imedis~
cnobili serialis ekranul sivrceSi gadmotanis mcdelobas hgavs.
sakmaod primitiuli da
naCqarevad
dawerili
scenariT, martivi koncefciiT, brtyeli satelevizio gamosaxule-
am abda-ubda da viTom
iumoriT moTxrobili ambis
cxeli Sokoladi 21
kritika
istoriuli an/da turistuli qalaqi
Tamar amaSukeli
xmamaRla
unda
kulturuli
daviwyo:
kreatiuloba `SefuTvaa~ _
memkvidreoba
kargad gaazrebuli Sinaarsi,
awmyoSi SenarCunebuli war-
romelsac qalaqis turistu-
sulia. misi dacva Rirsebis
li koncefcia efuZneba. kon-
sakiTxia, mas efuZneba qveynis,
cefciis SeqmnaSi mosaxleo-
naciis, qalaqis identuroba.
bis CarTuloba aucilebeli
qalaqis modernizaciis pirobebSi kulturuli memkvi-
pirobaa. dauSvebelia, Sinaar-
dreobis
gansakuTrebiT
li (`siRnaRi _ siyvarulis
qalaqis identurobis Senar-
qalaqi~, mestia _ Sveicaria,
Cuneba Tanamedroveobis ur-
baTumi _ nica, Tbilisi ki _
banistikis erT- erTi mTavari
parizi, dubai, Tu singapuri.)
da
problemaa.
dRes, msoflios sul ufro
meti qalaqi cdilobs, urbanuli qsovili daicvas, kulturul memkvidreobad warmoaCinos, radgan, ukve Zalian
didi xania, istoriuli urbanuli ganaSenianeba ganixileba
si garedan iyos Tavs moxveu-
urbanuli sivrce,
romelSic qreba istoriuli
avTenturoba, socialuri TvalsazrisiT
ki identuroba, hkargavs rogorc
istoriuli, aseve turistuli qalaqis
funqcias.
daicavi-aRadgine-ar
daaziano _ es aris midgoma,
romelic laitmotivad unda
gasdevdes istoriuli qalaqebis turistul qalaqebad
transformirebas.
mTavari
survilia _ daicva kulturuli memkvidreoba, romlisadmi
qalaqis ganviTarebis umniSvnelovanes aspeqtad, ekonomikur
midgoma didi xania Secvala ganviTarebulma samyarom _ prio-
aqtivad.
ritetuli ara marto Rirebuli obieqtebis dacva-SenarCune-
XX saukunis Sua periodidan dawyebulma turistulma bumma
baa, aramed mTeli misi konteqsti. es ukanaskneli ki moicavs
egreT wodebulma `konveierulma turizzma~, es ukanaskneli
rogorc mniSvnelovan arqiteqturul obieqtebs, aseve land-
erT-erT yvelaze swrafad ganviTarebad dargad aqcia. turizmis ramdenime saxeobas ganarCeven, Cven mxolod „kultu-
Saftebs, xedebs, fonur ganaSenianebas, rogorc istoriulad
rul turizmze“ SevCerdebiT, romlis potenciali saqarTve-
diciul saqmianobas, multieTnikurobas,
los udavod gaaCnia. kulturuli memkvidreobis `turistul
lobas. zustad am yvelafris sinTeziT iqmneba turistulad
atraqcionad~ gadaqcevas dadebiTi mxarec aqvs da safrTxis-
mimzidveli istoriuli qalaqis fenomeni, romelsac saukune-
Semcvelic.
ebis manZilze Camoyalibebuli individualuri, konkretulad
Camoyalibebuli eTnosis sacxovrebels, wes-Cveulebebs, tramultikulturu-
turistuli TvalsazrisiT mimzidveli, istoriul-kul-
am adgilisTvis da am sociumis tradiciebiT ganpirobebuli
turul-bunebrivi potenciali, ra Tqma unda, maqsimalurad
cxovrebis stili qmnis. dauSvebelia istoriuli qalaqebis
unda gamoviyenoT, Tumca turistuli mimzidveloba ama Tu
turistuli funqciis gaaqtiurebisas gauazrebeli qmedebebi,
im qalaqis bunebrivi mocemulobis dakninebis xarjze ar unda
movlenebis forsireba da e.w. buldozeruli restavracia.
iqmnebodes. minimaluri danakargebiT maqsimaluri Sedegis
naucbaTevad, Zalian galamazebuli, SeRebili da mopirkeTebuli, sruliad sxva kulturuli sivrcidan motanili arqi-
misaRwevad aucilebeli piroba kargad gaazrebuli koncefciaa, romelic konkretuli qalaqisTvisaa Seqmnili, TviTon
teqturuli obieqtebiT `damSvenebuli~, gaurkveveli, magram
qalaqisgan nakarnaxevi da sociumisTvis misaRebi. sociumis-
axali funqciis Tu Sinaarsis
Tvis, romlisTvisac qalaqi turistuli obieqti ki ara, misi
qreba. gaucxoebul, warsuls mowyvetil mosaxleobas Zveli
sivrcea, misi saxli, romelsac saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi
daviwyebuli aqvs da arc is icis rogor Seqmnas axali. aseT
`aSenebda~. amitom turistuli inovaciebi qalaqSi arsebul
dros Cndeba Teatraluri dekoraciebis msgavsi qalaqi _ siRnaRi _ garemontebuli, magram usulo da uSinaarso.
situacias, tradiciasa da adaT-wesebs unda ergebodes. qalaqma unda SeinarCunos funqcia da turizmi misi istoriulad
qalaqSi identuroba sadRac
urbanuli sivrce, romelSic qreba istoriuli avTenturo-
Camoyalibebuli funqciis mxolod damateba gaxdes da ara pi-
ba, socialuri TvalsazrisiT ki identuroba, hkargavs ro-
riqiT.
gorc istoriuli, aseve turistuli qalaqis funqcias. tu-
konkurenciis pirobebSi warmatebis garanti gansxvavebuli
rizmi ara marto ekonomikurad aris mimzidveli regionisTvis,
produqtis SeTavazebaa. riT SeiZleba daimkvidros Tavi pa-
aramed is badebs siamayis gancdas mosaxleobaSi adgilobrivi
tara qalaqma, romelsac ar gaaCnia gansakuTrebuli, msoflio
Rirebulebebis, tradiciebis mimarT. mxolod am faqtorebis
mniSvnelobis istoriul-kulturuli konteqsti? erTader-
gaTvaliswinebiT SeiZleba kulturuli memkvidreobis adekvaturi, racionaluri gamoyeneba.
Ti gza _ individualuroba, unikaluroba da kreatiulobaa.
22 cxeli Sokoladi
kritika
godaris `socializmi~
laSa kalandaZe
Svarcnegerma
momca
`nabiWvrebi yoveloskari?!~), kvlav gaTvis iyvnen da iqnenaxlda saubari gobian. dRes Seicvala
daris antisemitizmis
is, rom es nabiWvrebi,
Sesaxeb. Tumca Tavad
gulwrfelebi
gaxdreJisori
filmiTve
nen. maT marTla sjepasuxobs am bralderaT evropis~.
bas: `Tqven marTali
Jan-luk godarma 2010
xarT, me ar miyvars
wels, kanSi, sakuTari
arc erTi eri, arc
filmis premieraze argermanelebi, arc Sadaswrebis mizezad mevkanianebi, arc Crdidiis mosalodneli galo amerikelebi, arc
dametebuli yuradReba
ebraelebi. me mxodaasaxela. `isini Cemze
lod Cemi megobrebi
ufro mets ilaparakemiyvars~.
bdnen vidre Tavad filgodari
agrZelebs
mze~, _ ganacxada franCems saflavze gaakeTos warwera bolo periodSi aReguli axali talRis
`piriqiT~. Jan-luk godari
bul kurss (Histoire-s
erT-erTma ukanasknelma
da du Cinema-s gadaRewarmomadgenelma. SarSan reJisors dabadebidan 80 weli Seusrulda, ekrane- bis Semdeg) da films erTgvar laboratoriad aqcevs,
bze misi ukanaskneli filmi gamovida da kinosamyarom sadac teqstze, audiosa da, rac mTavaria, gamosaxulegasul wels misi pirveli filmis `ukanasknel amosun- baze eqsperimentebs atarebs. films cifruli, e.w. HD
kameriT iRebs (misi pasuxi sayovelTao digitalizaciaTqvamde~ gadaRebidan 50 welic izeima.
rogorc qarTvelma kinomcodnem, giorgi gvaxariam ze). is agrZelebs Tanamedrove kinoze da mediaze reradio `TavisuflebisTvis~ momzadebul gadacemaSi fleqsias. filmSi xSirad enacvleba erTmaneTs maRali
aRniSna _ `godaris kinoze laparaki Znelia~. amis erT- da dabali garCevadobis kadrebi, aris yalbi DVD xarerTi mTavari mizezi Tavad reJisoria, ufro sworad, vezebi, bolos ki, iseve rogorc DVD diskebze, FBI-s gamisi Teoria kinoze: `ki ar unda moyve, aramed aCveno.. mafrTxilebeli warwera Cndeba, rom filmis kopireba
axalgazrdebs kadris wakiTxva ki ar unda aswavlo, ara- da gavrceleba kanoniT isjeba _ aSkara ironia intelemed misi danaxva, da es absoluturad sxvadasxva ramea~. qtualuri sakuTrebis problemaze. `inteleqtualuri
godari kvlav uars ambobs standartul, konven- sakuTreba ar arsebobs, arsebobs mxolod inteleqtuaciur kinoze, gaurbis personaJebsa da siuJets, ami- luri pasuxismgebloba~, _ ambobs godari.
sazogadoeba aRSfoTda reJisoris axal SeTavazebatom `filmi socializmis~ mokle sinofsisis gadmocema sakmaod rTulia. filmis oficialuri saiti ki zec _ `imperialisti amerikelebisTvis~ gankuTvnil e.w.
gvamcnobs, rom es simfoniaa sam moqmedebad: 1) aseTi navaxo subtitrebze. (mag: `Give me a watch~-is magivrad
ambebi _ mediteranuli kruizi, gemze Svebulebis ga- `you me watch~). paralelurad gaimarTa filmis onlainsatareblad Sekrebili evropa _ dialogebi uamrav Cvenebac erT-erT internet misamarTze. godaris kidev
enaze. 2) Cveni evropa _ ojaxuri debatebi Tavisu- erTi survili _ ganTavsebuliyo filmi iuTubis arxze,
flebaze, Tanasworobasa da Zmobaze. 3) Cveni kaco- prodiuserebma uaryves,
80 wels mitanebuli godari isev `gabrazebulia~,
brioba _ vizitebi namdvili Tu gamogonili miTis
adgilebze (egvipte, palestina, odesa, saberZneTi, kvlav eqsperimentebis xasiaTzea da isev `politikurad~ iRebs kinos. reJisorma ormocdaaTwliani profeneapoli, barselona).
miuxedavad imisa, rom `filmi socializmi~ Zalian siuli cxovrebis yvela etapze moaxerxa gansakuTrekompleqsuri namuSevaria, reJisori mTavar aqcents buli mniSvnelobis filmebis Seqmna. erT-erT bolo
mainc Tanamedrove evropaze akeTebs. SarSan, dekem- interviuSi ganacxada: `Tu ana-mari (misi megobari da
berSi, rodesac amerikis kinoakademiam Jan-luk go- partniori) Cemze didxans icocxlebs, mas mouwevs Cems
dars kinoSi gaweuli samuSaosTvis oskari gadasca saflavze gaakeTos warwera _ `piriqiT~. es sityva al(reJisori ar daeswro ceremonials: `jildos hqvia baT zustad asaxavs Jan-luk godaris mTel Semoqmedekaliforniis gubernatoris jildo, es niSnavs, rom bas da cxovrebas.
`Tu ana-mari Cemze didxans
icocxlebs, mas mouwevs
cxeli Sokoladi 23
cxovrebis wesi
musika
avtori: miSa mdinaraZe
erTi musikaluri saukune
I nawili
credo
istoria laboratoriaa, romlis
eqsperimentebis wyalobiT SegviZlia, vixelmZRvaneloT da miviRoT Tanamedrove da samomavlo
yofis modelebi, ganvsazRvroT,
sad gavimarjveT da sad davmarcxdiT, sad gagvimarTlda da sad
gagvicruvda imedebi. bolos da
bolos, istoriaa is skala, sadac naTlad SegviZlia davinaxoT,
aris Tu ara warsulidan momavalSi svla erTmniSvnelovnad progresis niSani. erT saukunovani
istoriuli tilo es uzarmazari
qmnilebaa, sadac aSkarad ikveTeba
socio-politikuri Tu kulturologiuri detalebi, Tumca isini
ise ostaturad arian erTmaneTSi
24 cxeli Sokoladi
gadaxlarTuli, rom xSirad Zalian
rTulia maTi gancalkeveba da maTze mxolobiTad saubari. amis miuxedavad, mainc Sevecdebi, mogiyveT
erTi musikaluri saukunis Sesaxeb,
romelmac Secvala kacobriobis
aramarto musikaluri msoflmxedveloba.
musikaluri nacionalizmi
aravis da arafers mouxdenia iseTi gavlena IX s-is meore naxevris
da Semdgomi saukunis istoriul
qsovilze, rogorc es vagnerma da
misma musikam gaakeTa. swored amis
gamo misi genialuri nawarmoebebi
aTwleulebis ganmavlobaSi iqneba
uaryofili mxolod imitom, rom
nacisturi germania mas ideologiis fundamentad gamoiyenebs.
marTlac, vagneri Tavis `musi-
kalur dramas~, misda uneburad,
momdevno saukunis, ukve ara musikaluri, aramed humanuri dramis
preludiad aqcevs da amiT daanaxebs kacobriobas, Tu ra Zala
aqvs xelovnebas. miuxedavad vagneris antisemituri miswrafebebisa, Znelad dasajerebelia, rom
es didi xelovani odesme warmoidgenda misi musikis kavSirs auSvicis sakoncentracio banakebTan.
Tumca erTi cxadia, is elia winaswarmetyveliviT
afrTxilebs
yvelas mosalodneli socialurpolitikuri, gnebavT mentaluri
katastrofis Sesaxeb. misi musika
savsea Zveli germanuli miTosiTa
da mistifikaciebiT, is aRviZebs
miZinebul cnobierebas da imedi
aqvs, rom sibrZne sworad waikiTxeba. sazogadoeba, rogorc wesi,
musika
mzad ar aRmoCnda am simdidris
misaRebad. erTaderTi, rac im
droindelma auditoriam SeZlo,
am ukidegano faseulobis politikur da ideologiur koniunqturaSi moqcevaa, ramac xeli Seuwyo
arajansaRi nacionalizmis ideis
Camoyalibebas da ganviTarebas.
parizs meZavi ukvirs ...
1875 wlis 3 marts parizSi
Sedga JorJ bizes operis, `karmenis~ premiera, meore dRes presa
werda: `Zvirfaso dedebo da ojaxebis pativcemulo mamebo! tradiciis didi rwmeniT Tqven waiyvaneT
Tqveni meuRleebi da patara Svilebi TeatrSi, gadatvirTuli dRis
Semdeg sasiamovno saRamos gasatareblad da ra dagxvdaT iq? meZavi,
romelic saxedrebis mwyemsis mklavebidan dragunis mklavebSi gadadis, mas ki toreadori enacvleba
da ase grZeldeba manam, sanam mis
samarcxvino sicocxles migdebuli
sayvarlis xanjali ar Sewyvets~.
bize 36 wlis gardaicvala gulis
SeteviT. parizs ar moewona sakuTari mankierebis saopero darbazidan danaxva. ra ufleba aqvs kompozitors, ilaparakos sazogadoebis
codvebze?! vin aris is, rom am
genialuri musikis saSualebiT
uTxras parizis maRal sazogadoebas: Tqven yvela siamovnebiT mixoxdebodiT da daecemodiT am boSa
qalis ferxTiT, magram amis gamxelas veravin gabedavT. safrangeTma
ar apatia bizes `karmeni~, Tumca es
erTi SexedviT, radgan miuxedavad
gauTavebeli qilikisa, speqtakli
50-jer iTamaSes sruli anSlagiT
da mxolod amis Semdeg sakmao xniT
mieca is daviwyebas. iyo Tu ara
`karmeni~ mxolod musikaluri movlena? ra Tqma unda ara! swored
`karmeni~ gaxdis SesaZlebels sazogadoebis cnobierebis bnel kuTxeSi mimaluli realobis sayovelTao
gansjis sagnad qcevas da daanaxebs yvelas, rom yalbi heroikuli
Temebis sapirwoned SesaZlebelia,
erTi aRviraxsnili qalis ambavma
moiaros mTeli msoflios saopero
scenebi da gaxdes erT-erTi yvelaze yurebadi saopero qmnileba.
dRes parizs meZavebi aRar ukvirs,
cota dagvianebiT, magram mainc...
rusuli warmarToba
evropaSi
1913 wlis 19 maiss parizSi Sedga
igor stravinskis baletis, “kurTxeuli gazafxulis” premiera,
romelmac SeZra franguli maRali sazogadoeba, aRSfoTebuli
mayureblebi ustvendnen da SeZaxilebiT gamoxatavdnen sakuTar
damokidebulebas am “umsgavsobis”
mimarT.
diagilevi, romelic im periodSi
parizSi “rusul sezonebs” marTa-
ra ufleba aqvs
kompozitors
ilaparakos
sazogadoebis
codvebze?!
vda, mixvda, rom stagnaciidan gamosasvlelad mas raRac araordinaruli da sruliad gansxvavebuli
sWirdeboda. swored axalgazrda
stravinskiSi dainaxavs is kompozitors, romelsac SeuZlia daweros
evropisTvis jer kidev gaugonari
musika.
`eSmaksac wauRixarT yvela!~ _
ityvis premieraze stravinski da
datovebs darbazs.
natifi frangi msmenelisTvis
warmarTuli ruseTis mosmena albaT marTla Zalian mZime iqneboda,
urTulesi ritmuli suraTi, disonansebiT gajerebuli monotonuri
frazebi da amasTan erTad saocari dinamizmi, romelic sruliad
angrevs im droindel Sexedulebas
musikaluri esTetikis da sadadgmo eTikis Sesaxeb. miuxedavad vaclav niJinskis Zalian saintereso qoreografiisa, mayurebelma,
praqtikulad, verc ki aRiqva, ra
cxovrebis wesi
xdeboda scenaze. dadgmis mxatvari nikolai rerixi werda: `maxsovs,
pirvel warmodgenaze xalxi ise ustvenda da yviroda, rom aRaraferi ismoda. vin icis, iqneb swored
am dros sazogadoeba imyofeboda
Sinagani egzaltaciis mdgomareobaSi da warmarTuli tomebiviT
gamoxatavdnen sakuTar grZnobebs.
magram unda iTqvas, rom am velur
primitivizms araferi hqonda saerTo Cveni winaprebis saocrad natif
primitivizmTan,
romelTaTvisac
ritmi, wminda simbolo da natifi
Jesti didi da wminda cnebebia~.
`kurTxeuli gazafxuli~ dRemde
rCeba Tanamedrove kompoziciis
mwvervalad, misi mosmena araTu
maSin, dResac uWirs auditorias
da Zneli warmosadgenia, rom stravinskim is zustad erTi saukunis
win dawera da Tan gaukvirda maSindeli sazogadoebis, romelmac
nawarmoebi ver miiRo.
Tu vagnerma misi Tanamedrove
opera gasarTobi Teatraluri warmodgenidan dramatul xelovnebad
aqcia da swored amaSia misi didi
damsaxureba, stravinskim Tanamedroveebs daanaxa, rom mxolod natifi musikis mosmena araa sakmarisi
sazogadoebis mankierebebis dasamalavad. es faqtobrivad daadastura, rodesac maRali sazogadoeba
musikis wyalobiT velur brbod
aqcia. ai, ase xdeba namdvili revolucia, ara gareT iaraRiT xelSi,
aramed xelovnebis taZrebSi.
amasobaSi...
maSin, rodesac evropa saukuneebis mijnaze cdilobs gaiZros
Zveli tyavi da axlis morgebis
procesSia, saqarTveloSi meore
renesansis xana dgeba. iwyeba qarTuli musikaluri da literaturuli aRmasvla, rac mniSvnelovnad
Secvlis ara mxolod saxelovnebo
wreebis msoflmxedvelobas, aramed mTlianad sazogadoebas, meore
sakiTxia ramdenad SevZlebT momavalSi am simdidris gamoyenebas,
Tumca amaze momdevno nomerSi.
cxeli Sokoladi 25
cxovrebis wesi
kulinaria
yvela feri da
yvelaferi saweblebisa da sousebis Sesaxeb
avtori: diana anfimiadi
adre erTi Zalian ucnauri da
niWieri megobari myavda, tragikuli
araferi ifiqroT _ axlac cocxalia
da janmrTeli, RmerTma didxans
acocxlos, ubralod, xom aris rom
adamianebTan misasvleli gza gaviwydeba da morCa. xoda, raze gamaxsenda Cemi megobari _ Zalian kargi
mxatvari. Tu mTel msoflioSi ginda
moZebno adamiani, romlisTvisac gemoebs aranairi mniSvneloba ar aqvs,
albaT is aris, xSirad miCndeboda kiTxva _ ras Wams, Tu rames Wams-meTqi,
saerTod. samagierod, sul maxsovs
mis saxelosnoSi Taroze Camomwkrivebuli saRebavebi, iseTi wesrigiTa
da rudunebiT, rogorc bebiaCemis
samzareulos ganjinaSi saneleblebi
_ ferebisa da mniSvnelobis mixedviT: jer wiTeli wiwaka, mere Savi
pilpili, zafrana, xmeli qinZi, pitna,
ucxo suneli, xmeli rehani da a.S da
26 cxeli Sokoladi
a.S.
Tbilisis marketebSi franguli
cisferi yvelis aqtiuri da damRleli Zebnisas gamaxsenda, rogori
gansakuTrebuli madiT ambobda Cemi
megobari sityvas `lazuriti~, rac
romeliRaca cisfer saRebavs niSnavs
da me, zogjer, marTla megona, rom
Cemi megobari saRebavebiT ikvebeba,
dilaobiT, magaliTad, wyalSi gaxsnil akrilsa da purze wasmul guaSs
miirTmevs, rogoria?
aranormaluri gegonebiT, Tu getyviT, rom Cemi megobari mxatvaric
da saRebavebic kulinariis iseTma
mniSvnelovanma da sasiamovno Semadgenelma gamaxsena, rogoricaa sousi
da sawebeli. rogorc cxovreba
hkargavs azrs ferebisa da silamazis
aRqmis gareSe, usouso samzareuloc
aseTive uintereso da uSinaarso ramaa. CemTvis asea, Cemi samzareulos
sami ZiriTadi feri, romlis sinTeziTac yvela sxva fers miviReb, aris
_ wiTeli, yviTeli da mwvane _ wiTeli wiwaka, yviTeli wiwaka da mwvane
wiwaka _ ai, am qimiis Tu fizikis,
sxivTa amgvari gardatexis mjera.
Zalian xSirad, axali kerZis gamogonebisas an Zvelis improvizirebulad
Secvlis dros, produqtebs ferebis
mixedviT viyeneb da yovelTvis gemrieli gamodis, rac unda ucnaurad
JRerdes.
xoda, Cems sayvarel ferebs mivyvebi da mere Cems sayvarel gemoebze gadaval:
wiTeli :
Warxlis ajika
masalad saWiroa:
Warxali - 500 grami
stafilo - 2 cali
wiTeli bulgaruli wiwaka - 3 cali
kulinaria
mware wiTeli wiwaka - 2 cali
mzesumziris zeTi - 3 sufris kovzi
niori -5 kbili
xmeli qinZi, ucxo suneli, zafrana,
marili - gemovnebiT
momzadeba: Warxali, stafilo,
mware da bulgaruli wiwaka gavataroT xorcsakep manqanaSi, patara
qvabSi CavasxaT zeTi, movaTavsoT
gatarebuli bostneuli, davasxaT
cota wyali da 15 wuTis ganmavlobaSi vaduRoT, davumatoT gatarebuli
niori da saneleblebi, marili da
kidev TxuTmeti wuTis ganmavlobaSi
vaduRoT.
gamodis Zalian xasxasa wiTeli da
cxare, uxdeba xorcian kerZebs.
yviTeli
kvercxisa da mdogvis sousi
masalad saWiroa:
5 kvercxis guli
50 grami mdogvi
3 sufris kovzi Zmari
Saqari
marili
Savi pilpili
erTi sufris kovzi zeiTunis zeTi
gatarebul kvercxis guls vumatebT danarCen ingredientebs. vkmazavT
saneleblebiT.
mwvane:
pestos sousi Txis yveliT
masalad saWiroa:
Txis yveli - 200 grami
erTi didi kona mwvane xaxvi
ramdenime Reri oxraxuSi
ramdenime foToli baziliki
erTi limonis wveni
limonis cedra – naxevari Cais kovzi
2 kbili niori
mware mwvane wiwaka - naxevari
yveli davarbiloT da gavxexoT,
wiwaka, xaxvi, niori da oxraxuSi
gavataroT, davumatoT limonis
wveni, cedra, dasresili baziliki
da sul cota zeiTunis zeTi. kargad
avurioT.
narinjisferi
stafilos sousi TafliT da
araJniT
masalad saWiroa:
stafilo - 200 grami
erTi sufris kovzi Tafli
forToxlis cedra - naxevari kovzi
100 grami araJani
marili
wiwaka
qinZi
niori - erTi kbili
moxarSuli stafilo gavataroT,
davumatoT Tafli, araJani, daWyletili niori, avurioT da SevaneloT
saneleblebiT.
lurji
Savi qliavis sawebeli
qliavi - 500 grami
limonis wveni - 3 sufris kovzi
qinZi, niori, marili, Saqari, ucxo
suneli, zafrana, ombalo, kama, cereco, wiwaka
kurkagaclili qliavi movxarSoT,
gavxexoT, davumatoT limonis wveni
da gatarebul-danayili mwvanileuloba. marili, wiwaka da Saqari
gemovnebiT.
TeTri :
yvelis sousi koniakiT
masalad saWiroa:
5 sufris kovzi xaWo
rbili naRebis yveli - 100 grami
yveli `rokfori~ - 100 grami
koniaki - naxevari Rvinis Wiqa
TeTri Rvino - naxevari Rvinis Wiqa
vanili
wiwaka
cxovrebis wesi
yavisferi
Sokoladis cxare sousi
masalad saWiroa:
2 Wiqa rZe
100 grami naRebi
50 grami mware Sokoladi
Saqris fxvnili - 2 sufris kovzi
romi - gemovnebiT
saxamebeli - 1 sufris kovzi
mwikviT vanili
mware wiTeli wiwaka, dafqvili
gaxexil Sokolads avurioT Saqari,
rZe avaduRoT, nawil-nawil CavasxaT
SokoladSi, Tan vurioT da nela
vaduRoT, davumatoT civ naRebSi gaxsnili saxamebeli, gavagrZeloT nel
cecxlze duRili, davumatoT romi,
vanili da wiwaka, movurioT.
xom xedavT, ferebis ara mxolod
danaxva, aramed gemos gasinjva da
mosmenac ki SeiZleba. aba, sxvanairad
rogor unda avxsna, rom CineTSi,
tailandSi, laossa da vietnamSi
gavrcelebuli miao-iao enis dialeqtebia wiTeli miao, TeTri miao,
mwvane (lurji) miao da Savi miao?
ferebis SereviT _ sxva axali ferebi, sousebis SereviT _ sxva axali
sousebi SeiZleba miviRoT, saintereso da gemrieli TamaSia, SegiZliaT
scadoT da Cemi saweblebis da ferebis meniu kidev ufro SeavsoT.
mere magidas TeTri sufra gadaafareT, sousebi erTnair TefSebze
daasxiT, erTi naWeri Wvavis puri
aiReT da rigrigobiT gasinjeT _
esec Taviseburi ferTa Terapiaa,
damijereT.
neta saweblebiT xatvis mimdinareoba arsebobs? Tu ara, maSin es
gamogoneba me mekuTvnis.
xaWo da naRebis yveli avTqvifoT.
davumatoT darbilebuli `rokfori~, movasxaT koniaki da Rvino da
isev avTqvifoT, davumatoT wiwaka,
sul odnav marili. mivirTvaT xilis
salaTTan erTad.
cxeli Sokoladi 27
cxovrebis wesi
kulinaria
Tevzi da Rvino
avtori: Tamar babuaZe
`momeciT nebismieri wesi da me davarRvev mas, _ wers
britaneli Rvinis mwerali oz klarki 2010 wlis jibis
megzurSi Rvinis Sesaxeb da iqve agrZelebs, _ amitom,
roca vawydebi gamocemebs, romlebic gvikanoneben, romeli Rvino mivirTvaT romel kerZTan erTad, Zalian
viZabebi. am dros Zlivs vTokav sakuTar TavSi mwvel
survils, burgundiuli gran kru Cili kor karnes ar
mivayolo~.
im dros, rodesac vcdilobdi mepova pasuxi kiTxvaze _
ra SeiZleba iyos yvelaze SeuTavsebeli wyvili, rodesac
Rvinisa da Tevzis Sexamebaze vsaubrobT _ oz klarkis
Segonebebi wakiTxuli jer kidev ar mqonda. amitom verafriT daviwyebdi imis utifrad mtkicebas, rom kerZebisa
da sasmelebis Sexamebisas wesebi TiTqmis ar arsebobs.
arada, `Rvinis klubisa~ da `saqarTvelos meTevzeTa
klubis~ mier restoran `kalifsoSi~ mowyobil sadegustacio saRamoze zustad amas gvTxovdnen _ rac SeiZleba,
gabeduli eqsperimentebi Cagvetarebina xuTi Tavi Tevzis kerZisa da 7 kompaniis 30-mde dasaxelebis Rvinis
monawileobiT.
`aRmoCenebis saRamo unda iyos~, _ gagvafrTxiles
da individualuri aRmoCenebic ase daiwyo. cal-calke
sufrebTan ganawilebuli stumrebidan zogierTisTvis
umTavresi aRmoCena swored is iyo, rom Tevzi, magaliTad, grilze Sebrawuli oragulis file, SeiZleba, RvinosTan miirTva da ara _ apriori arayTan erTad. Tumca,
iqve, imave darbazSi am stereotipTan erTad kidev bevri sxvac daingra _ Semwvari xramuli vis colikouris
TanxlebiT moewona, vis _ rqawiTelis. limonis wvenSi
gajerebuli Semwvari barabuli ki _ bevri TbiliselisTvis dRemde ludis saukeTeso kompanioni Tevzi _ zogs
goruli mwvanes TanxlebiT ufro egemriela, kalmaxi ki
aRmoCnda, rom wiTel Rvinosac ki SeiZleba, mouxdes.
Seudarebeli mewyvile aRmoCnda vardisferi saferavi
rozeca da mwvane qisic, gansakuTrebiT _ naRebsa da qama
28 cxeli Sokoladi
sokosTan erTad Sebrawuli kalmaxisTvis.
kidev ufro gabedulad vebrZoloT stereotipebso, _
gvTxovda Rvinis klubis xelmZRvaneli, malxaz xarbedia
da gulisxmobda imas, rom dagverRvia kidev erTi damkvidrebuli kliSe _ Tevzis kerZebs ZiriTadad TeTri,
mSrali Rvinoebi uxdeba. sapasuxod sadegustacio WiqebSic gabedulad Camoisxa sxvadasxva kompaniis saferavi.
zogma _ limonis wvenSi gajerebul barabuls namdvilad
ar mouxdao, zogs _ grilze Semwvar oragulTan moewona, zogs ki _ pomidvriTa da kartofiliT Sekmazul oragulis uxasTanac ki.
maspinZlebma _ meTevzeTa klubis xelmZRvanelma SoTa
kvaracxeliam da Rvinis klubis prezidentma, malxaz
xarbediam Tavidanve gviTxres, dRevandeli saRamo hedonisturic iqneba da saganmanaTlebloco. amitom swored siamovnebis miRebis procesSi gakeTda kidev erTi
aRmoCena: rogorc wesi, gemos receptorebi `scnoben~
harmonias, anu im moments, roca Tevzis naWers miyolili Rvino ar faravs kerZis aromatulobas da piriqiT _
mkveTri gemos mqone Tevzi ar aneitralebs Rvinis aromats. es harmoniuli Tanxvedra ki SeiZleba, Tevzis da
Rvinis sruliad moulodnelma wyvilebmac ki `gagrZnobinon~.
ase rom, axla ukve mxolod gumaniT ki ar vxvdebi,
aramed vici: romel kerZs romel Rvinos mouxdenT, es
ZiriTadad ramdenime faqtorzea damokidebuli: Tqvens
ganwyobaze, kompanionze da garemoze, sadac wveuleba
imarTeba. mTavari ki mainc kliSeebze uaris Tqmaa. vin
icis, iqneb kanape krevetebiT cqriala Rvinis TanxlebiTac mogwonT da vardisferTanac?
Tuki, CemsaviT, ufro metad dainteresdiT sakiTxiT,
es sasiamovno kvleva jobia, Rvinis klubis veb-gverdidan daiwyoT (vinoge.com). Teoriuli codna ki `praqtikuli~ samuSaoebiTac gaimdidroT. gemrielad miirTviT!
cxeli Sokoladi 29
komentari
lobotomia
afrikis savanebSi lomebi isev fleTen nanadirevs. berberebis da hotentotebis tomebis
bavSvebs cxvirpirze buzebi esevaT da SimSilisgan muclebi aqvT daberili...
niu-iorkis saqmian kvartalSi dilerebi, advokatebi, menejerebi da aTasi oxeri SlegianebiviT mimorbian...
li saubrebi simSvides mgvris da guls
SiSvel zurgze masaJisti qalis nazi
imediT mivsebs. mere ra, rom prezen-
Sexeba aRmagznebs da saocrad udar-
taciis wamyvanebi enabrgvilebi arian?
deli mzeriT vuyureb sayvarel qals,
Relaven. mere ra moxda? Cveni sruli
romelic Tvinierad gadawolil palme-
bednierebisTvis isic sakmarisia, roca
bs Soris gakidul hamakSi wevs da alo-
viciT, rom Tqveni uZvirfasesi avto-
es wvens wrupavs.
mobili aravis avtomobilze naklebi
es yvelaferi imdenad Tqvenia, rom
araa, roca Tqveni mediduri gamoxedva
Cemic gaxda, oRond _ Tvals Tu da-
CvenSi Zalas da TviTdajerebas badebs,
vxuWav.
roca Tqven gverdiT mdgari qalbatoni nebismiers daTxris Tvalebs, odnav
avtori: baCo kvirtia
Tvals Tu gavaxel, isev Tqven gxedavT, batono pativcemulo.
gadabrunebuli sityva rom Sekadros,
gana Tqveni damsaxureba ar aris, rom
roca amodena ekliani gza gamogivliaT
qalaqi, sadac me, Tqven, Tqvennairebi
da awi Tu vinme gzaze gadagidgebaT,
da Cemnairebi cxovroben, aseTi lamazi
evropa Tvlems, an depresiaSia, an
WianWvelasaviT gasresT! es sakmarisze
gaxda. sinaTlis, siyvarulis, axdeni-
Tavs iklavs, an meuRles Ralatobs, an
metia saimisod, rom Tavi daculad vi-
li ocnebebis qalaqi Tavisi mSvenieri
piJonobs, an Sedevrs qmnis...
grZno. marTla asea, ar vxumrob.
restornebiT, pabebiT, klubebiT, sas-
azia
daboRmilia
da
mzad
aris,
me vin var?
tumroebiT da saSaurmeebiT. mere ra
sakuTari sxeuli nafleTebad aqcios,
ra mniSvneloba aqvs?.. mTavaria is
lamazi
oRond Senc gamogasalmos sicocx-
vicode da kargad gaviazro, Tqven vin
imedismomcemi fasdaklebebis da aqcie-
les...
brZandebiT.
bis reklamebiT, yviTeli avtobusebiT
samxreT amerikas iRliebSi gamosvelebuli maisuri acvia, kokainis axal
ai, davxuWavT xolme Tvalebs da warmovidgenT:
bilbordebia
gadmokiduli,
da xalxis gasaocari saxeebiT.
erTi ucxoeli megobari iyo amas
partias fuTavs da morigi konkurenti
RmerTo, ra saocaria!
winaT Camosuli da iciT, ra miTxra?
narkokartelis gaJuJvaze fiqrobs...
mogzauroba xom giyvarT?
yvelaze metad TqvenTan xalxis saxeebi
vici, rom giyvarT. maldivis, seiSe-
magiJebso. dakvirvebixaro? ara-meTqi.
antarqtidaze da arqtikaSi civa...
lis Tu bahamis kunZulebi? iyos samive.
xoda, daakvirdio. xalxis saxeebs da-
ruseTs araferi eSveleba...
ufro sworad _ xan erTi, xan meore da
akvirdio. davakvirdi da marTali yo-
TbilisSi korporatiuli saRamoe-
xan mesame. xoda, romelime maTganze...
fila. gasagiJebeli saxeebi aqvT. an ga-
bi da ivenTebi imarTeba _ `cnobadi~
dasveneba. garToba. drostareba. a?
giJebuli. Zalian Znelia, am yvelafris
saxeebis monawileobiT da daswrebiT.
rogoria? RmerTma SegargoT! Tqven
Semxedvare ar gagiJde. an marTla giJi
cxovreba win midis. ekonomika aRze-
amas calsaxad imsaxurebT! rac ki fan-
unda iyo an umaduri. giJs raRa gaagi-
vebis stadiaSia, qveynis ganviTarebas
tazia gamaCnia, movikreb xolme da da-
Jebs da Tu Wkviani xar, unda gagiJde
win veravin da veraferi daudgeba. yve-
xuWuli TvalebiT vuyureb ulamazes
da iseTive saxiT unda iaro, rogorc
laferi kargadaa. idealurad jerje-
klips Tqveni monawileobiT. bahamuri
sxvebi dadian. xoda, davdivarT da Se-
robiT ara, magram egec iqneba. amitom
ardadegebi. an _ bohema bahamize. cxvi-
gvatyo am Cemma ucxoelma megobarma. me
ratomac ar unda gaimarTos prezenta-
ris nestoebSi ukve miRitinebs zRvau-
kidev aqamde ver vamCnevdi. saerTod,
ciebi da ivenTebi, ratom ar unda aRi-
ris surneli, yurSi Camesmis okeanis
Zalian did bednierebas adamiani ver
niSnos axali brendebis da proeqtebis
talRebis mSvidi Sriali da musikis
grZnobs, magram raki ucxoelma mego-
dabadeba? irgvliv saocari silamazea,
hangebi zRvispira bungalodan. enis
barma SeamCnia, maSasadame saxeze gvexa-
saocari esTetikaa. naxeT, ra lamazad
wveriT vgrZnob adgilobrivi samza-
teba.
acviaT qalbatonebs da batonebs, ra Se-
reulos pikantur gemos, yels sasiamo-
ai, taSs ukraven. Tqven gixmoben,
saniSnav gunebaze arian. udrtvinvelad
vnod miwvavs Zvirfasi spirtiani sasme-
batono pativcemulo. gajildoeben.
molivlive Sampani bokalSi da mxiaru-
li da premium-klasis kuburi sigara.
gilocavT! es erTi da sxva mravali!
avstraliaSi didi talRebia...
30 cxeli Sokoladi
komentari
rogori momxiblavia Tqveni TavdaWe-
rogor SeiZleba normaluri adamiani
riloba, mozomili sityva da sidar-
aseT rameebs laparakobdes? Tanac –
baisle. Tqveni simSvidis, simtkicis,
Tqven geubnebodeT. ra SuaSi xarT? an
simkacris, simartivis da sisadavis sio
ra SuaSia beberi col-qmari sofelSi
arxevs sayvareli qalis yelze Semo-
da mama-Svili quCaSi. Tanac mama, ro-
xveul siasamuris bewvs. Tqveni qal-
melic fexsacmelebze fiqrobs. ris
batoni siamovnebiT gismenT da sulSi
fexsacmelebi? ra mama? saerTod, ra
siyvarulis simebi uTrTis. isev taSi.
minda? ras SemogiCndiT, ratom gela-
gaCndebian. rendel makmerfebi ken ki-
scenidan eSvebiT da milocvebs Rebu-
parakebiT? micnobT? an me gicnobT?
zis `gugulis budidan~, oRond roma-
lobT.
varTan Cacxrilaven.
avstraliaSi didi talRebi isev iqneba.
antarqtidaze
da
arqtikaSi
isev
ecieba.
ruseTs araferi eSveleba.
saqarTveloSi
axali
makmerfebi
Tu maTxovari var, pirdapir meTqva da
nis bolosken rom makmerfia, loboto-
Tvalebs vxuWav:
mowyalebas gaiRebdiT. an vin SemomiS-
miagakeTebuli, iseTebi.
megobrebo! megobrebo!!! erTi wu-
va aq? sad aris momsaxure personali,
TiT mivipyrob Tqvens yuradRebas. ai,
dacva. dacva! dacva movides aq! diax,
isinic _ ai axla, televizorTan rom
es kaci aris am qalaqis mSveneba, am
batono... vin aris es kaci, momaSoreT
sxedan da qarTul telesivrceSi yve-
qalaqis mofereba da Caxuteba! xoda,
aqedan! rogori aRSfoTebuli Tva-
laze reitingul Toq-Sous rom uyure-
iare Zalian Zalian didxans am qalaqSi,
lebi aqvs Tqvens qalbatons. yvelas.
ben da iwirplebian.
Cemo ... da icode, rom yvelas uzomod
erTi wuTiT, xeli gamiSviT. TviTon
uyvarxar, yvelas sWirdebi da yvelas
wamoval. gaaTrieT aqedan es idioti!
saxeze aweria Sendami pativiscema da
nu brazobT, batono. vbrazob ki ara,
vin icis, rogor karg gunebaze br-
mowiweba! gaumarjos! mravalJamier!
mand ar momiyvano, Torem... Torem ras
ZandebodiT da ganwyoba gagifuWeT.
mizamT, batono?.. dacva, xeli gamiSvi
magram ara mgonia. ukve aRarc gemax-
qeCodan, Torem Sen mo...av!..
sovrebiT. me ki maxsovxarT da mudam
Tqven mTa xarT. fuZiamas mTa. ara.
kilimanjaro. monblani. everesti! ai,
es SegeferebaT! mTa xarT, romelsac
memaxsovrebiT. Zalian miyvarxarT da
mTebis gadadgma ZaluZs. Tqven ir-
Sevitene. sxvanairad sisxldena ver
minda, rom yvela ocneba aixdinoT, yve-
gvliv Sekrebilan Cveni sazogadoebis
SeviCere. me mgoni cxviri maqvs gate-
la mizans miaRwioT, yvelas uyvardeT
margalitebi, naRebi fena, bomondi,
xili. mTavaria, guli ar gamitydes da
da yvela geTayvanebodeT.
romelsac urCevnia icodes, ra sia-
momavlis rwmena ar davkargo. cudad
xles amzadebs Gucci-is modis saxli,
moviqeci. asea, CemnairebiT roa savse
vidre is, rogorc cxovrobs moxuci
es qveyana, imitom varT am dReSi. aba,
col-qmari saqarTvelos romeliRac
Sexede: yvela Sinaa, usxedan televi-
sofelSi. Tqven, garSemomyofebTan er-
zorebs da qarTul telesivrceSi yve-
mera ra, rom Cvenc TqvensaviT vcxo-
Tad, Svedur magidasTan TefSiT xelSi
laze popularul Toq-Sous uyureben,
vrobT, oRond _ Tvals Tu davxuWa-
rigSi dgaxarT, sadac saocrad gemrie-
romelic es-esaa daiwyo. mquxare taSis
vT...
li delikatesebia daxvavebuli. Tqven,
fonze wamyvani Semokakunda studiaSi
sxvebis msgavsad, msubuqi mujlugune-
da eiforiuli toniT stumrebs epa-
biT miarRvevT gzas saWmlisken, radgan
tiJeba. stumrebi yvelasTvis sayvare-
Tqveni gza kuWze gadis da axla, da-
li, cnobili da pativsacemi xalxia,
msaxurebuli jildos miRebis Semdeg,
romlebic ukve vin icis, meramdened
sasmel-SeWamandTan gaTamaSebis droa.
yvebian sakuTari cxovrebis istorias.
Cven warmatebiT Cagvitarda fsiqoqi-
am qveyanaze yvelaferi Tqvenia, ba-
mayurebeli sulganabuli usmens. yve-
rurgiuli operacia da axla yvelafe-
tono pativcemulo. TqvenTvis yvela
lam icis es ambavi, magram mainc iseTi
ri kargadaa.
kari da qali Riaa, da Tqven verasdros
saxiT usmenen, TiTqos pirvelad ige-
nu geSiniaT, Cven Soris ar aris be-
warmoidgenT, rom axla, Tqvengan asio-
ben. asea saWiro da imitom. da ase iqne-
ladi bromdeni, romelmac SesaZloa
de metrSi, quCaSi Cveulebrivi mama-
ba Zalian didxans.
raime gauTvaliswinebeli da saSineli
_ 5-6 wlis. Cumad midian. Ramea. mama
kideebi
Zalian xom ar gagabrazeT, batono
pativcemulo?
nestoebSi
Svili midis. mama 34-36 wlisaa, Svili
cxvirsaxocis
mec makmerfi var.
lomebi afrikaSi isev moinadireben
da gaglejen nanadirevs.
Svilis fexsacmelebze fiqrobs. Svi-
niu iorkSi saqmosnebi isev irbenen.
li quCaSi manqanebs aTvalierebs da
evropa daamTqnarebs da piJonobas
logoebis mixedviT manqanis markebs
asaxelebs. uxaria, rom icis. mama fexsacmelebze fiqrobs. Tqven ki albaT
gaagrZelebs.
azia Tavs aifeTqebs da isev daiboRmeba.
fiqrobT, rom giJi var. ar var nor-
samxreT amerika kokainis partias an
maluri. absoluturad geTanxmebiT.
dileramde miitans an meqsikis sazR-
mere ra, rom Tavidan momiSoreT da
cxviri gamitexeT.
mere ra, rom rac Cveni iyo, Tqvenia
da rac Tqvenia _ Tqvenia...
Cven mudam Tqvens samsaxurSi viqnebiT.
Cven bevrni varT, makmerfebi da Cven
erTi gundi varT!
Cvenze medda retCedi zrunavs.
Caidinos.
yvela kari Carazulia da yvela boqlomi Caketilia.
yvelas mSvidad sZinavs.
daiZineT Tqvenc. da araferze ifiqroT.
xval axali dRe gaTendeba.
didi saqmeebi geliT.
miyvarxarT...
cxeli Sokoladi 31
komentari
qvelmoqmedeba vs solidaroba
15 marts telekompania `imedze“ gasuli `nanukas Sous“ mizani, savaraudod, SezRuduli
SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa socialuri integraciis xelSewyoba iyo, Tumca, mizezTa
gamo sruliad sapirispiro Sedegi miviReT.
avtori: vaxuSti menabde
rodesac termin
,,unarSezRuduls~
pirovnebis
dasaxasiaTeblad
viyenebT,
problemebis
saTaved adamians
miviCnevT. arada,
problemuri
swored mouqneli
da xisti garemoa,
romelic adamianebs
SesaZleblobebs
uzRudavs.
32 cxeli Sokoladi
yvelaferi imiT daiwyo, rom gadacemis wamyvanma problemisadmi sakuTari damokidebuleba gagvimxila da
Tqva, rom `ar unda, vinme ebralebodes“ da maT Soris arc SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebi. ar
SeiZleba, ar daeTanxmo. am sityvebis Semdeg, ekranze kadrebi gauSves
_ rogor urigebs gadacemis wamyvani
bavSvTa pansionatis beneficiarebs
saTamaSoebs. nanukam Tqva, rom misi
gadacemebiT `konkretuli problemebi gvardeba“ da misi mizani ara marto adamianebis problemebze saubari,
aramed am problemebis mogvarebaSi `daxmarebaa“. stumrad mowveulma paata burWulaZem ganacxada, rom
am sakiTxs nino JvaniasTan gaecno,
romelic SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone bavSvebs `uvlis“. uceb sad
iyo da sad ara, anzor erqomaiSvili
gamoCnda, romelmac sruliad gasaocari ram Tqva: „SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebs `unda vecadoT
da cxovreba SevumsubuqoTo“.
gadacema
erTTavad
dedobrivi
mzrunvelobiT iyo gajerebuli, romelic sazogadoebam am pirebis mimarT unda gamoiCinos. socialuri
integraciis mTavari postulati sinamdvileSi socialuri Tanasworobaa.
amitom, Tu socialurad sasargeblo
saqmis gakeTeba gvinda, konkretuli
problemis mogvarebaSi yvela SesaZlo dainteresebuli piri Tanabrad
unda iyos CarTuli. ar SeiZleba erTi
`keTili~ iyos da meore am `sikeTis
mimRebi~, es Tavis motyuebaa, radgan
sikeTisagan sargebels yvelani erTad
viRebT. Tuki vTanxmdebiT, rom Cven
Tanasworebi varT, maSin isic unda
vTqvaT, rom aravis aqvs ufleba meore adamiani, Tundac, SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone, qvelmoqmedebis
subieqtad aqcios, amiT misi Rirseba
fexqveS gaTelos da sakuTari TviTSefaseba aimaRlos.
gadacemis pirveli nawilis bolos
qalaq Tbilisis meri gamoCnda, romelmac SezRuduli SesaZleblobis
mqone pirebs sul „unarSezRudulebi“ uZaxa, Semdeg ki, martivad rom
komentari
vTqvaT, Tvalsa da xels Sua mogvatyua. es winadadeba haiharad wamosrolilad rom ar mogeCvenoT,
ganvmartav, rom unarebi adamianis
maxasiaTebelia, is adamianSi arsebul Zlier mxareebze miuTiTebs.
amitom, rodesac termin `unarSezRuduls“ pirovnebis dasaxasiaTeblad viyenebT problemebis saTaved adamians miviCnevT. arada,
problemuri swored mouqneli da
xisti garemoa, romelic adamianebs SesaZleblobebs uzRudavs. amitomaa swori termini „SezRuduli
SesaZleblobis mqone piri“.
axla tyuilzec vTqvaT oriod
sityva: rodesac urbanul garemoze Camovarda saubari, batonma
merma qalaqis araadaptirebuloba sabWoTa kavSirs da am qveynis
mier SezRuduli SesaZleblobis
iTvaliswinebs SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa saWiroebebs, iseve rogorc trotuarebi,
sadac parkingi, faqtobrivad daSvebulia da aravis ebadeba kiTxva,
etliT mosargeble piri rogor
gaivlis iq, sadac mTeli trotuari avtomobilebs aqvT dakavebuli.
qalaqis merma gamosvlis dasasruls
`unarSezRudulobas“
`naklovaneba“ daarqva. netav, batoni meri romeli jgufis adamianebs Tvlis unakloebad?
gadacemis romeliRac nawilSi
am frazamac gaielva: SezRuduli
SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa uflebebis dacva Turme `Zviri jdeba“.
sruliad marTalia, magram Zviri
ara marto am uflebis uzrunvelyofa, aramed, zogadad, uflebebis dacva jdeba. saxelmwifos er-
erTi jgufisTvis gankuTvnili
RonisZiebebi mxolod da mxolod
stigmas aZlierebs da segregacias
emsaxureba. eqskluzia erT-erTi
yvelaze didi borotebaa, rac adamianis Tu adamianTa jgufis socialur integracias aferxebs. amitomac, Tuki vinmes xma migiwvdebaT,
iqneb, gadaafiqrebinoT qalbaton
ninos am sajaro dapirebis Sesruleba. amas sjobs, suxiSvilebis ansamblma erTi koncerti gamarTos
`Cveulebriv~ darbazSi da Semosuli Tanxebi romelime organizacias
gadauricxos, romelic am fuls
problemis advokatirebas moaxmars.
gadacemidan dagrCebodaT STabeWdileba, rom am adamianebisTvis
pandusebis damontaJeba `sasicocxlod mniSvnelovania“ _ rode-
gadacemidan dagrCebodaT STabeWdileba, rom am
adamianebisTvis pandusebis damontaJeba ,,sasicocxlod
mniSvnelovania~- rodesac es mxolod erT-erTi uflebaa, yvelaze didi sixaruli ki - brWyviala da feradi saCuqrebi.
mqone pirTa interesebis ugulebelyofas daabrala. amiT srulad
aicila is pasuxismgebloba, rac
misi merobisas ganxorcilebuli
infrastruqturuli
proeqtebis
dros SezRuduli SesaZleblobis
mqone pirTa uflebebis arasakmarisi gaTvaliswinebis, an sulac
ugulebelyofis gamo ekisreba.
ramdenime magaliTs SegaxsenebT:
TbilisSi quCebze gadasasvleli
xidebi aSenda da arc erTi maTgani ar aris Sesabamisad aRWurvili;
qalaqis SuqniSnebis did nawils
xmovani funqcia ar aqvs, amitom
mxedvelobis problemebis mqone
adamianebs SuqniSnebiT sargebloba ar SeuZliaT. SekeTda trotuarebi, sadac (ramdenime bednieri
gamonaklisis garda) isev ar aris
asasvleli bilikebi. garda amisa,
sazogadoebrivi transporti, romelic sruliad ganaxlebulia, ar
TaderTi funqciac swored es aris
_ daicvas adamianis politikuri
da socialuri uflebebi. ar arsebobs ufleba, romlis dacvisTvis
resursi ar ixarjeba. esec erTerTi stereotipia.
mogvianebiT,
batonma
paata
burWulaZem SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa dasaqmeba maTi
socialuri integraciis avtomatur gadaWrad miiCnia, xolo qalbatoni nino suxiSvili kievidan
dagvpirda, rom SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTaTvis saqvelmoqmedo koncerts Caatarebs
TbilisSi.
SromiTi funqcionireba adamianis socialuri integraciis mniSvnelovani, magram mainc erTi nawilia da mxolod es sikeTe ver
uzrunvelyofs yvela problemis
mogvarebas. rac Seexeba saqvelmoqmedo koncerts, eqskluziurad
sac es mxolod erT-erTi uflebaa, _ yvelaze didi sixaruli ki
_ brWyviala da feradi saCuqrebi.
Zalian mniSvnelovania sazogadoebis (da, upirvelesad, mediis
warmomadgenlebis,
ganaTlebis
sistemaSi momuSave adamianebis)
damokidebulebebis Secvla, rac
amgvari satelevizio SouebiT, sadac adamianebi qvelmoqmedebis subieqtad gamohyavT, verasgziT ver
moxdeba. erTaderTi gamosavali
solidarobaa, rac Tanasworobas
gulisxmobs da urTierTobis hotizontaluri modelia. gadacema
ki solidarobis vertikalur gagebas gvTavazobda.
gadacemis didi nawili SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebis mimarT dRes sazogadoebaSi
arsebul miTebsa da stereotipul
midgomebs daeyrdno da swored
maTi tiraJireba moaxdina.
cxeli Sokoladi 33
werili muxianidan
gareubnis efeqti
avtori: laSa qavTaraZe
foto: sergi barisaSvili
warmoidgineT dasaxleba, sadac
ar aris wignebis maRazia. aRarc biblioTeka.
mezobel dasaxlebaSi Teatri isev
funqcionirebs, magram didi xania
msaxiobebs erTmaneTis garda aRaravin unaxavT. Teatris Senobis nawili
„metaloplastmasis cexs“ ukavia. kinoTeatric iyo, magram induri filmebis bumma male gadaiara da axla
aRarc is funqcionirebs. aq ar aris
kafe, samagierod aris erTi patara
`zabegalovka“, sadac iSviaTad Tu
Seivlis vinme. aris bevri sasursaTo
maRazia, ori eklesia (marTlmadidebluri), ramdenime heqtarze gadaWimuli, moSlil-dangreuli radioqarxana, romelzec adgilobrivebi
meore msoflio omisdroindel „legendebs“ hyvebian da bevri klasikur-sabWouri, moTeTro-monacrisfro korpusi. es arc parizis me-13
raionia da arc radiaciagamovlili
Cernobilis romelime dasaxleba. es
muxiania, Tbilisis erT-erTi yvelaze patara da erTferovani ubani.
rodesac ojaxTan erTad fasanauridan aq gadmovedi, megona
34 cxeli Sokoladi
dedaqalaqis erT-erT saukeTeso
adgilas davsaxldi. aq xom bevri
korpusi idga da Cems urbanistul
moTxovnilebebs egec akmayofilebda. 2000-ianebis dasawyisSi muxiani
getos hgavda, sadac ar iyo Suqi,
wyali da adamianebi gazze arc ki
ocnebobdnen. samagierod iyo bevri kriminali, dangreuli da bneli
quCebi, bayayebiT savse Waobi, „birJebi“, Spricebi, daJanguli bunkerebi da pirdapir fanjridan gadmoyrili nagaviT savse celofanis
parkebi.
raionidan Camosuls garemosTan
da adamianebTan adaptacia ar gamWirvebia. aq imdeni Camosuli dagxvdebodaT, saqarTvelos romeli
regionidanac ginda yofiliyaviT,
Tavs mSobliur kuTxeSi igrZnobdiT.
skolaSi misulsac ar Semqmnia
gansakuTrebuli problemebi. erTaderTi, verafriT mivxvdi, ratom
iyo cudi toni biWisTvis swavla.
mTavari gansxvaveba axal skolaSi
sabWoTa paTosiT aRsavse RonisZiebebis simcire gaxldaT. vifiqre,
rom amis mizezi skolis sidide iyo
da msgavsi RonisZiebebis organizeba
Wirda. marTalic aRmovCndi, radgan
sabWoTa paTosi arsad gamqraliyo,
ubralod adamianebi gazarmacdnen.
aqac modaSi iyo kai biWobasa da
torts Soris arCevanis gakeTebis
problematika, saaTebis ganmavlobaSi sakuTar sasqeso organosTan mourideblad fereba, „vzrosli Zmebis“
finansuri daxmarebis klasikuri,
Zaladobrivi meTodebi, asfaltis
fexburTi da kriminaluri istoriebis fetiSi. grZeli Tma da „ucnauri“ formis Sarvlis tareba sakmarisi mizezi gaxldaT seqsualur
orientaciaSi eWvis SetanisTvis. mogvianebiT ki cali gadasakidis mqone
CanTis tareba aucileblad „ieRovlobasTan“ da „pidarastobasTan“
asocirdeboda.
sanam skolaSi vswavlobdi, megona
arsad araferi xdeboda saintereso, ver vxvdebodi ratom unda gavsuliyavi Cemi ubnidan. Cem garSemo
ase aravin iqceoda- ar dadiodnen
TeatrSi, radgan fiqrobdnen rom
is, ubralod, televizoris arqetipia. arc muzeumSi dadiodnen.
aq Tu cxovrobdi verc gamofenas
daeswrebodi, verc wignis prezentacias, verc diskusias, radgan am
yvelafers maSin igeb, rodesac yvelaferi ukve Cavlilia.
ganaTlebis miReba isev raRac
idumalebiT moculi procesia, romelsac araferi aqvs saerTo Sens
garemosTan. Tuki Sen swavlob, yvela cdilobs dagajeros, rom Sen geniosi xar.
Tumca, universitetSi Cabarebis
Semdeg aRmovaCine, rom Cemnairad
da Cemze ukeT imaze meti bavSvi swavlobda vidre, megona. aRmovaCine,
rom 18-19 wlis axalgazrdebma ramdenime ucxo ena mSobliuri enasaviT
ician, ician ra xdeba saqarTvelos
farglebs gareT, TeatrSic dadian
yovel kviras, muzeumebSic, koncertebzec, biblioTekebSic, wignebsac
yiduloben, xataven kidec, fotoebsac iReben da weren kidec. me ki xatvaze uari vTqvi, radgan erTi wlis
ganmavlobaSi kviraSi samjer miwevda dacinvis atana, imis gamo rom
me-9 klaseli biWi saRebavebs, funjebsa da TabaSiris venera miloselis Tavs davaTrevdi. imis gamxelas
ki, rom moTxrobebs (an rames) vwer,
dRemde ver vaxerxeb wesierad, rogorc wesi, veravin aRgiqvams seriozulad, aravis warmoudgenia, rom
Seni fantazia muxianis nacrisfer
korpusebs gascdeba da SesaZloa,
odesme Senc Seqmna rame Rirebuli.
universitetSi aRmovaCine, rom Cems
asakSi viRac memarjvenea, viRac ki
memarcxene, viRac icnobs iseT adamianebs, romlebic me mxolod televizorSi an gazeTSi myavs nanaxi.
gavige, rom arsebobs socialuri
qselebi, blogebi, literaturuli
saitebi da Cemi asakis adamianebs
ZmakacebTan „birJaobis“ garda, sxva
ramec ainteresebT. megona sazRvargareT aRmovCndi, sadac adamianebTan mxolod saerTo ena makavSirebs.
raRac aRsarebasaviT gamomdis,
magram `morali~, vfiqrob, rom erTob martivi amosakiTxia. vinc ar
unda miTxraT, rom ar aqvs mniSvneloba Tbilisis SuagulSi icxovreb
Tu gareubanSi, ar dagijerebT. Cemi
piradi gamocdilebiT vici, ras
akldebi da ra gakldeba, rodesac
cxovrob iseT nekrofilur ubanSi,
rogoricaa muxiani. ar vici egoizmis gamovlinebaa, adamianebis zarmaci bunebis Tu rame sxvis, magram
faqtia, rom social-kulturuli
aqtivobebi, am aqtivobebis „dislokaciis adgilebi“ da Rirebulebis mqone dawesebulebebi Tbilisis
„centrSia“ koncentrirebuli. CemsaviT Cveulebriv muxianels ki imis
Sansi, rom srulfasovnad ganviTardes da Camoyalibdes sociabelur
moqalaqed, sul ufro da ufro naklebi aqvs.
P.S. Cemi erTi megobari ver gadavaCvie _ rodesac urekaven telefonze da ekiTxebian sad xaro, am dros
ki Tbilisis romelime centralur
ubanSi varT xolme, yovelTvis pasuxobs „qalaqSi var“. xandaxan mec
mgonia, rom TbilisSi ki ara, sadRac
sxvagan vcxovrob.
cxeli Sokoladi 35
werili orTaWalidan
de, TbilisSi gvinda!
(`fiqrni mtkvris piras~)
avtori: mariam samadaSvili
foto: sergi barisaSvili
vridiT cremlebs da dedas vTxovdiT,
bolosken Tavqudmoglejili garbis.
saxlSi
ramdenimedRiani
Cems ezoSi cxovroben: somxebi, iezi-
sanam skolaSi Sevidodi, kekeliZis
gaazrebisa da sabolood dalagebis
debi, qurTebi, rusebi da qarTvelebi,
#2-Si, universitetis korpusSi vcxo-
Semdeg ki mivxvdi, rom vcxovrob or-
rac ubans gansakuTrebul xibls sZens.
vrobdi, baton kote ColoyaSvilis
TaWalaSi, sadac udavod kargi haeria,
Tu Tamuna skolaSia da ezoSi sarbe-
mekvle viyavi, SabaTobebs vawyobdi,
win mtkvari miedineba, saxlis ukan ki
nad ar scalia, diliT Cemi mezobeli
Ramis TerTmet saaTamde saxlSi ar
didi mdeloebi da patara gvelebia.
Zmebis _ Salikos da valikos (veras-
avdiodi da cxovrebiT vxarobdi. mo-
aq yovelTvis aris Suqi, gazi da wya-
dros varCev, konkretul SemTxveva-
gvianebiT wyneTis quCaze gadavedi,
li, radgan oriod fexis nabijze qvey-
Si, romeli maTgania) gineba maRviZebs,
arc iq maklda garToba da megobre-
nis prezidenti, eduard SevardnaZe
isini mondomebiT lanZRaven CemTvis
bi, sanam erT mSvenier dRes dedam ar
cxovrobs (2002w). ezoSi Casvlisa da
gamoucnob adamians romeliRac zeda
miTxra, rom finansuri problemebis
megobrebis gaCenis mcdeloba uSede-
sarTulze. mcire xnis Semdeg Cemi Ta-
gamo saxls vyiddiT. didad ar davmwu-
go aRmoCnda, radgan Cemi asakisa da
nasadarbazoeli deida gulCora ezos
xrebulvar, radgan maSin megona, rom
interesebis mqone veravin vipove. ase
dalagebas iwyebs, uzarmazari cocxiT
Tbilisi veriT, vakiT da sololakiT
viqeci saxlSi mjdom gogod, romelic
da Waobisferi sanagve urniT SeiaraRe-
Semoifargleboda. xangrZlivi Ziebis
gareT mxolod skolaSi wasasvlelad
buli RiRin-RiRiniT Semouvlis kor-
Semdeg Cemma mSoblebma sasurveli bina
gadis, anu iseTad, visac cota xnis win
puss, misi meSveobiT Cemi ezo yvelaze
ipoves da miTxres, rom iq kargi hae-
Tavad davcinodi. mas Semdeg cxra weli
movlili da sufTaa mTel orTaWalaSi.
ria, skolaSi siaruli gamiadvildeba
gavida, me ki isev iseTi SegrZneba maqvs,
dRis manZilze ezoSi bavSvebi darbian,
da rom ezos megobrebi isev meyoleba.
rom es Cemi saxli ar aris, Tumca uba-
kacebi qeifoben an dominos TamaSoben,
mec, ra Tqma unda, davijere, saTama-
ni gacilebiT ukeT gavicani, garemoc
xolo ubnis ZaRlebi _ `Zroxa~, `mge-
Soebi Cavalage, parketis erTi fila
Seviswavle da axla vecdebi, is Tqvenc
la~, `ukvdava~ da ramdenime kata din-
samaxsovrod waviRe (ramdenime xniT
gagacnoT.
jad seirnoben. saRamos iwyeba mraval-
adre saabazanodan gadmosulma wyalma
waveyvaneT.
CemTan dila ase iwyeba:
mxrivi msvleloba korpusis pirvel
binaSi parketi ayara) da axal binas mi-
_ babo gozaaaal, babo gozaaaaal! _
sarTulze mdebare orad-ori maRa-
vaSure. gza grZeli iyo da damRleli;
mexuTe sarTulze Tavis babos eZaxis
ziisken, romlebSic saqoneli qalaqis
roca daniSnulebis punqts mivadeqiT,
patara iezidi gogo, romelsac qarTu-
centrTan SedarebiT dabali xarisxi-
mivxvdi, rom es is Tbilisi ar iyo, ro-
li saxeli _ Tamari hqvia. baboc gadmo-
saa da rogorc wesi, 50 TeTriT Zviri
melSic TerTmeti weli vcxovrobdi.
xedavs da CemTvis gaugebar enaze, sava-
Rirs, garkveuli produqtis SeZena ki
daaxloebiT ori kviris ganmavlobaSi,
raudod, Tbil sityvebs gadmosZaxebs,
ubralod SeuZlebelia, Tumca Cvens
me da Cemi oTxi wlis da uSedegod vR-
radgan bavSvs saxe unaTdeba da ezos
maRazias erTi araCveulebrivi Tviseba
36 cxeli Sokoladi
aqvs, romlis gamoc mTeli Cemi samezo-
moxvedras SeZlebdi, minimum, sasunTqi
Rwevia), bankomati. samagierod gvaqvs
blo gasaocar patriotizms iCens da
gzebis gadaketva, maqsimum ki, diskozi
saxelmwifo dafinansebiT gakeTebuli
qalaqis sxva savaWro obieqtebSi ara-
gqonda garantirebuli. ase grZelde-
safexburTo moedani, winasaarCevnod
fris didebiT ar Sedis. Cemi ubnis ma-
boda wlebis ganmavlobaSi. cota xnis
dadgmuli rkinis magida da skamebi da
Razia produqts nisiad iZleva, vidre
win Cvenma yviTelma `bogdanebma~ marS-
trasaze gadaWimuli xidi, romelsac
sindisi ar Segawuxebs da danarCeni
ruti Seicvales da mxolod kolmeur-
imdeni safexuri aqvs, rom masze asvlas
samyarosadmi Tavs damnaSaved ar igr-
neobis moednamde moZraoben, Sedegad
yvela fexiT gadasvlas amjobinebs.
Znob. am `didsulovani~ maRaziis wya-
isini gacilebiT Tavisufalia, Tumca
lobiT aRweven Cemi ezos bavSvebi (maT
dila isev kritikul periodad rCeba,
Soris, mec) srulwlovanebas ise, rom
qalaqSi gamosvla orjer Zviri jdeba,
Cems ubanSi Taviseburad, modurad
erTi wamiT ar eparebaT eWvi _ maTi
samgzavro dro gaormagda, xolo saRa-
acviaT, radgan mosaxleobis garkveuli
ojaxi yvelaze mdidari da bednieria,
moobiT Camomdgari avtobusis cdisas,
nawili TurqeTSi vaWrobs da ojaxis
cxovreba ki _ martivi da naTeli. ra
iseTi SegrZneba maqvs, TiTqos qalaq-
wevrebs axal-axali samosiT amaragebs,
Tqma unda, kargia, roca ase fiqrob,
gareT an sofelSi mivdivar, avtobusi
qalebi yoveldRiurad iwoneben Tavs
magram Wamis garda, ganviTarebisTvis
ki konWkaTSi mimaval `paziks~ magonebs,
nair-nairi tyavis paltoebiTa da fu-
sxva ramecaa saWiro. magaliTad swa-
romelsac ozurgeTis sadgurze, zus-
mfula qudebiT.
vla, anu skolaSi an universitetSi
tad sam saaTze Tu ar miuswreb, meo-
siaruli, es erT-erTi yvelaze mtki-
re dilamde mogiwevs sadgurSi jdoma.
vneuli sakiTxia. sul cota xnis win,
saRamos cxra saaTis Semdeg Cemi sa-
vidre satransporto cvlileba gan-
xlisken avtobusebi aRar midian!
Cemi ubani odesRac qalaqis geografiul centrTan axlos mdebareobda.
Cems ubanSi damwvari mzesumzira iyideba.
Cemi ubani WiriviT ejavrebaT taqsistebs. maT Tavidanve vafrTxileb,
xorcieldeboda, diliT skolaSi wa-
Cems ubanSi axali qselebia damonta-
rom orTaWalaSi mivdivarT, daniSnu-
svla an SeuZlebeli iyo, an aTi wlis
Jebuli, sulerTia, mezobel avlabarSi
lebis adgilze misulebi ki meubnebian,
samyofi nervebis fasad jdeboda. ro-
rekav Tu zimbabveSi, saubari fasiania.
rom es qalaqis boloa da ori-sami la-
gorc wesi, avtobusebSi adgilebi ar
Tuki kargi telearxebis yureba ginda,
riT mets mTxoven. me ki mgonia, rom
iyo, radgan mas foniWalis mgzavrebi
satelituri TefSi unda daayeno. ma-
isini cdebian, magram albaT mainc meti
avsebdnen. samarSruto taqsebze xom
dloba RmerTs, interneti mosaxleo-
gulwrfeloba mmarTebs da taqsistebi
laparakic zedmeti iyo, Teqvsmet ada-
bis did nawils aqvs da misi meSveobiT
ise unda gavafrTxilo, rogorc mamam
mianze gaTvlili `marSrutka~ pirveli-
ekontaqteba danarCen samyaros. axlo-
Searqva Cems ubans _ `iq, sadac `keTili
ve gaCerebaze ivseboda da dedaqalaqis
maxlo ar aris biblioTeka, internet-
mgzavroba~ aweria!”.
centramde gauCereblad midioda. Tu
kafe (maTTvis, visac ar gaumarTla da
Zalian gagimarTlebda da avtobusSi
visTanac civilizacias jer ar Seucxeli Sokoladi 37
foto: sergi barisaSvili
werili egviptidan
38 cxeli Sokoladi
werili egviptidan
realisti utopiuri
ocnebebiT
avtori: nino beqiSvili
foto: sergi barisaSvili
levan xerxeuliZe
cxeli Sokoladi 39
foto: sergi barisaSvili
TiTqmis anekdoturi ambavia _ jer kidev maSin „xalxi bneli rom iyo“ da sazRvrebi Caketili, anu skolas rom vamTavrebdi, Cemi erTi
megobari holandiaSi wavida. rom dabrunda,
gogoebi davirazmeT da saxlSi mivakiTxeT _
ucxoeTis ambebi Zalian gvainteresebda. bevri
ram gviTxra _ rom holandia saocari qveyanaa,
rom iq gadasarevi yvavilebi izrdeba, rom maRaziebi savsea, magram erTi ubedureba sWirT _
bevri „debili“ hyavTo... davizafreT da mizezi
vikiTxeT, egreve gvipasuxa, _ holandiaSi bevri
„plani“ izrdeba, romelsac Zroxebic Zoven,
mere am „dabolil“ rZes adamianebi svamen da
avadmyofi bavSvebi uCndebaTo. cxadia, davijereT.
TxuTmeti wlis Semdeg gamaxsenda es ambavi
da mxolod maSin mivxvdi „dabolili rZis“ namdvil arss: Cemi megobari Caketili qveynidan,
sadac invalidebi ar hyavdaT da sadac yvela erTnairad janmrTeli da lamazi iyo, Ria
sazogadoebaSi Cavida. bunebrivia, sabWoTa
erTferovnebis mere TvalSi moxvda gansxvavebuli adamianebi, „mosawevis“ Tavisufali
moxmarebiTac Sokirebuli iyo da maSinve aago
„logikuri jaWvi“ _ saswrafod SeTxza miTi da
gagviziara...
nino cincaZis Sesaxeb, savaraudod, bevri araferi gagigiaT _ sajarod iSviaTad Cndeba da
arc televiziiT gamodis xolme. ara, gamorCeulad Tavmdabali namdvilad araa da arc arsad
imaleba, ubralod, dro aRar rCeba. misi saqmeebi sul nair-nairia: muSaobs saxalxo damcvelis
ofisSi tolerantobis centrSi, aris Jurnal
`solidarobis“ redaqtori, daaarsa ori arasamTavrobo organizacia _ „daunis sindromis
mqone bavSvebis mSobelTa da profesionalTa
kavSiri“ da „saqarTvelos portijis asociacia“,
muSaobs sabavSvo baRebis marTvis gaidlainebsa
da axal kurikulumze, romelic axla iqmneba,
Tan sul raRacas Targmnis da gamoscems. hyavs
meuRle _ gigi TevzaZe da kidev sami TevzaZe
_ 14 wlis andro, 8 wlis nika da 6 wlis akli.
wuxs, rom bavSvebisTvis cota dro rCeba, magram Tan fiqrobs, rom yvelaferi, rasac is da
gigi akeTeben, im sazogadoebis gaumjobesebisaken gadadgmuli, Tundac mcire nabijebia, sadac Cveni Svilebi unda gaizardon. andro da
nika Zalian magari biWebi arian, magram rogorc
yvela magari biWi, dedas xan axareben, xanac _
abrazeben. akli _ nabolaraa da tkbili. ZaRlic hyavT, ulamazesi malamuti Zu _ ulva. nino
sul gadarbenazea da sul ar scalia.
40 cxeli Sokoladi
cxeli Sokoladi 41
foto: levan xerxeuliZe
izrdeboda veraze, mayaSvilis quCaze, misi didi babuis mier gasuli saukunis 20-ian wlebSi nayid saxlSi.
bavSvobidan icoda, rom cxovrobs sabWoTa kavSirSi da
es cudia. didi babua, romelsac erTaderTi Svili 1937
wels dauxvrites, sicocxlis bolomde yoveldRe asrulebda erTsa da imave rituals _ yovel dilas fostalionis motanil „pravdas“ da „komunists“ zed afurTxebda xolme; babua Zilis win akrZaluli Teatraluri
dadgmebis Sinaars uyveboda, Tan afrTxilebda, aravis
uTxrao; 6 wlisa, 1978 wlis 14 aprils mTeli dRe televizorTan ijda da SevardnaZis gamosvlas uyurebda, RamiT ki mamam „amerikis xma“ daiWira, romelsac axSobdnen,
magram mainc garkveviT ismoda jadosnuri „Sen xar venaxi“. mamamisi, disidenti zurab cincaZe 1983 wels georgievskis traqtatis ambebTan dakavSirebiT daapatimres
da TiTqmis sami wliT Casves. „sanam mamaCemi cixeSi ijda,
sul modiodnen naTesavebi Tu megobrebi da im droisTvis keTilgonivrul rCevas aZlevdnen dedas da bebias
_ unda moinanios da gamouSvebeno. 75 wlis bebiaCemi ki,
romelsac erTaderT Svilze amosdioda mze da mTvare,
jiutad imeorebda _ araviTar SemTxvevaSi, ra aqvs mosananiebelio“. sabWouris miuRebloba da Tavisufleba,
rogorc uZvirfasesi Rirebuleba, mis cxovrebas bavSvobidanve gansazRvravs. amitom dResac Zalian Riziandeba
xolme, rodesac sazogadoebaSi drodadro sabWoTa nostalgias xedavs.
bavSvobidan kidev erT uCveulo da saxaliso saRamos
ixsenebs: gazafxulis piri iyo,
`mivxvdi, aucileblad raRac unda
ukve bneldeboda, roca ninos
megobarma miakiTxa da uTxra, _ gamekeTebina imis winaaRmdeg, rac samSobiaro
magari ambavi moxda, filipe maxasaxlebSi xdeboda. is, rac am wignebidan
raZis saflavi aafeTqes mTawmingavige, sxvebsac unda scodnodaT".
dazeo. is dro iyo, roca televizorSi xSirad uCvenebdnen Tengiz
abulaZis „monaniebas“, mitingebic
imarTeboda, magram TbilisSi jer
kidev arsebobda leninis moedani
leninisave ZegliT da erT-erTi
pirveli komunistis saflavis
afeTqeba namdvilad warmoudgeneli ram iyo. ninom da misma
megobarma uceb gadawyvites, informacia gadaemowmebinaT, ra
undoda mayaSvilidan panTeonSi
asvlas?! arc araferi. tramvaiSi
Casxdnen, magram tramvai mamadaviTze ar gaCerda. ra unda eqnaT? gadaxtnen da panTeonisken
bilikebiT daeSvnen. iqve bilikze
oTxi biWi dainaxes, magram yuradReba ar miuqceviaT, swrafad
Caurbines. panTeons rom miadgnen,
WiSkari daketili daxvdaT, ukve
foto: levan xerxeuliZe
istoria
istoria
foto: sergi barisaSvili
foto: sergi barisaSvili
foto: nino cincaZis piradi arqividan
kargad bneloda. arc dafiqrebulan ise aZvrnen Robeze
da panTeonis ezoSi Caxtnen: „miwaze daveSviT Tu ara,
proJeqtorebi maSinve ainTo. gamovida policieli, mogviSvira pistoleti da gviyvira _ sdeq! Tavad policielic Zalian damfrTxali Canda: Ramea, martoa, sasaflaozea da uceb viRacebi Robidan xtebian. gvibrZana,
axlave warmoadgineT pasportebio, _ 15 wlis bavSvebs,
aba, ra pasportebi unda gvqonoda. da uceb gvesmis, Cven
mogcemT pasportebso! SemovtrialdiT da is oTxi biWi
davinaxeT. eqvsiveni dagvapatimres, gamoiZaxes manqana,
Cagvsves „kanareikaSi“ da ZnelaZeze, policiis ganyofilebaSi wagviyvanes. es biWebi universitetis studentebi
yofilan, fizikosebi. CvensaviT wamovidnen, dasaTvaliereblad, magram panTeoni daketili rom daxvdaT, Wkua
eyoT, rom ar Camxtariyvnen. gviTxres _ ise giJebiviT
CagviqroleT, mivxvdiT, gamCereblebi ar iyaviT da ukan
gamogyeviTo. policiis ganyofilebaSi, ra Tqma unda,
mSoblebs daurekes. mama ramdenime wlis gamosuli iyo
cixidan da dedaCems jer kidev eSinoda, raime SarSi ar
gaexvioso. am dros urekaven da eubnebian, Tqveni qaliSvili davakaveT filipe maxaraZis saflavTan da policiaSi gamocxaddiTo... mogvakiTxes mSoblebma, dagvawerines
daaxloebiT aseTi Sinaarsis xelwerili _ `visi saflavic
ar unda aafeTqon, Cven arasdros gavbedavT miaxloebas“.
or saaTSi gamogviSves, Cven gamo daWerili fizikosebi ki
dilamde ayuryutes“.
Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis klasikuri filologiis fakultetze 1989 wels Caabara. Sesabamisad,
misma studentobam mitingebisa da omis epoqaSi gaiara.
klasikur enebs namdvilad ver iswavlidi, Tu Zalian
bevrs ar imecadinebdi da ninoc kargad swavlobda.
stresTan gamklavebis sakuTari meTodic ki moigona.
Tbilisis omis dros mayaSvilze TiTqmis ganuwyvetlad
ismoda srolis xma. RimiliT ixsenebs, rogor ayolebda
avtomatebis jers berZnuli kankledobebis dausrulebel rigs. Tvlis, rom miuxedavad omisa, gaWirvebisa da
mitingebisa, yvelaferi kargi, rac studentobis wlebs
Tan axlavs, mainc gaiara. filologiis fakulteti rom
daamTavra, samuSaod universitetSi darCa da disertaciis werac daiwyo. germaniaSi disertaciaze samuSaod
rom wavida, maSin andro 2 wlisa iyo. ikvlevda dros
da sivrces _ misTvis dRemde erT-erT uZvirfases teqstSi _ homerosis „odiseaSi“. germaniaSi gatarebulma
erTma welma mniSvnelovnad Secvala misi cxovrebis stili. swored iq gauCnda survili, bevrad ufro aqtiuri
adamiani yofiliyo, raRac ufro cocxali saqme ekeTebina, vidre Tundac sayvareli antikurobis kvlevaa: „bunebrivia, ase pirdapir da receptiviT ar dawerila es
yvelaferi, magram iqidan rom davbrundi, mominda, kidev raRac mekeTebina. germaniaSi iqauri evangelisturi
eklesiis erTwliani stipendiiT wavedi, romelsac sxvadasxva qveynebis studentebs Teologiis da momijnave
sagnebis Sesaswavlad aZlevdnen. vijeqi biblioTekaSi da
42 cxeli Sokoladi
>>> gagrZeleba gv. 98
cxeli Sokoladi 43
foto: sergi barisaSvili
vkiTxulobdi im wignebs, romlebic
Cemi disertaciisTvis mWirdeboda,
es marTla Zalian sasiamovno procesi iyo. magram germaniaSi cxovrebam
wignebis kargad damuSavebis garda,
rac met-naklebad manamdec vicodi,
sxva bevrad ufro mniSvnelovani ram
maswavla _ damoukidebeli da saqmiani cxovrebis gemo“.
raxan germaniis evangelisturi eklesiis stipendiiT iyo wasuli, evaleboda weliwadSi orjer maT Sekrebebs daswreboda, sadac sxvadasxva
religiebis warmomadgenlebisTvis
seminarebi da debatebi imarTeboda.
eqskursiebzec dadiodnen, sadac im
socialur proeqtebs acnobdnen,
romlebsac germaniis evangelisturi eklesia axorcielebda. ase moxvda germaniis erTi patara qalaqis
SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone
pirTa dRis sareabilitacio centrSi. „iq mivxvdi, ramdenad Rirebuli SeiZleba iyos eklesiis aqtiuri
socialuri saqmianoba qveynisTvis
da im adamianebisTvis, visac es daxmareba sWirdeba. am patara centris
magaliTze naTlad davinaxe, rogor
SeiZleba sikeTis keTebis religiuri motivi saqmis Rrma codnasTan
da profesionalizmTan gaerTiandes, rogorc Sinaarsobriv, aseve _
marTvisa da dagegmvis sibrtyeze.
roca androsTvis baRs veZebdi, vnaxe
rogor muSaoben baRebi; roca eqimi damWirda, vnaxe rogor urTierToben iqauri eqimebi pacientebTan,
gansakuTrebiT bavSvebTan. maSin sul
vekiTxebodi sakuTar Tavs, rodis
da rogor SeiZleba Cems qveyanaSic
Camoyalibdes amgvari urTierTobebi
adamianebsa da institutebs SorismeTqi“...
saqarTveloSi axaldabrunebulma
SemTxveviT gaigo, rom axali gazeTi _ „24 saaTi“ ixseneboda. mivida
mamuka faCuaSvilTan da pirdapir
uTxra, radgan Jurnalistad muSaobis gamocdileba ara maqvs, Tanaxma
var, Tundac kurierad vimuSavebo.
ase daiwyo Jurnalistoba.
interviu
interviu mairbekTan
avtori: qeTi qanTaria
vaCagaevi _ CeCeni istorikosi, fondis Jamestown eqsperti
kavkasiis sakiTxebSi, parizis
mecnierebaTa umaRlesi skolis
kavkasiuri seminarebis xelmZRvaneli, sorbonis doqtoranti.
Tqven CrdiloeT kavkasiis istoriis, Crdilo-kavkasiuri sufizmis
erT-erTi saukeTeso mcodne xarT. riT
gansxvavdeba iqauri sufizmi, vTqvaT,
Sua saukuneebis sparsuli da Turquli sufizmisgan? ras warmoadgens
Tanamedrove sufizmi?
Crdilo kavkasiuri sufizmi ufro
anTropologiuri movlenaa, vidre
filosofiuri. sxvaoba sulierebis
xarisxSia. sabWoeTis muslimoba regionul zRvrebSi iyo moqceuli, ar
hqonda danarCen sufiur samyarosTan
urTierTobis saSualeba. Crdilokavkasiuri sufizmi ufro gaxalxurebuli versiaa. sparseTSi da osmaleTSi sufizmi yovelTvis elitis da
inteligenciis privilegia iyo.
marTalia, rom dasavleTi islamur samyarosTan saerTo enis povnas
sufizmis meSveobiT cdilobs? isic
ki wamikiTxavs, rom princ Carlzs da
samefo ojaxTan daaxloebul pirebs
murSidebi, anu sufisti moZRvrebi
hyavT.
dasavleTSi, araislamuri kulturis adamianebisTvis sufizmi, upirveles yovlisa, filosofiaa, sulieri codnis saunje. aseTi gatacebebi
ise ar unda aRviqvaT, TiTqos esa Tu
is cnobili evropeli sufistobas
apirebs. amisTvis jer muslimi unda
44 cxeli Sokoladi
gaxdes. es ki evropelisTvis sakmaod
mtkivneuli proceduraa.
CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi dRes sufizms
vahabizmis ideologia ebrZvis. rogor
movida vahabizmi kavkasiaSi?
sabWoeTis daSlas mis yofil teritoriaze islamis momZlavreba mohyva.
iyo meCeTebis mSeneblobis bumi, islamuri saswavleblebis masobrivi gaxsna... yvelaferi, rac 90-iani wlebis
miwurulis islamur renesansad iTvleba. axlo aRmosavleTidan da TurqeTidan muslimma misionerebma iwyes
Semodineba, romlebic ruseTis muslimur regionebSi politikuri movlenebis gakontrolebas cdilobdnen.
xelisufleba islamis ase momZlavrebiT SeSfoTda da prevenciuli
dartymebis miyeneba daiwyo. Tumca,
islamuri aRorZinebis partiis saxiT,
regionSi 1988 wlidan ukve moqmedebda jgufi, romelmac Semdeg am moZraobas (salafizms) kargi safuZveli
Seuqmna (movlad uduRovi, isa umarovi, sufian abdulaevi da sxvebi). Tavidan eseni martod moqmedi erTeulebi
iyvnen, romlebmac TavianTi ideebis
gavrcelebaSi veranair progress ver
miaRwies. magram pirvelma CeCnurma
kampaniam yvelaferi Secvala. respublikaSi axlo aRmosavleTidan
garkveulma pirebma iwyes Semosvla,
interviu
maT Soris iyvnen iqauri diasporebis eTnikuri CeCnebic, mag. Seixi fathi, emiri hatabi (saudis arabeTis
mkvidri). swored amaTi moRvaweoba,
ufro ki finansuri SesaZleblobebi
uwyobda xels gasamxedroebuli qveganayofebis (jamaaTebis) Seqmnas respublikaSi. swored es formirebebi
gamovidnen prezident aslan masxadovis winaaRmdeg, 1999 wlis agvistoSi
eseni Sevidnen daRestanSi, ramac putins CeCneTSi jaris Semoyvanis sababi
misca. maTi roli, Cemi gagebiT, xazgasmiT uaryofiTi iyo.
dRevandeli kavkasiuri winaaRmdegoba ramdenadaa vahabizmTan kavSirSi?
46 cxeli Sokoladi
winaaRmdegoba vahabizmTan sworedac rom pirdapir aris dakavSirebuli. imaratis gamocxadebis dRidan
(2007 wlis seqtemberi) misi momxreebi cdiloben, daimorCilon yvela,
visTvisac salafizmis ideebi miuRebelia. doku umarovi muqariTa da
sasikvdilo ganaCenebis gamotaniT
cdilobda, iCqeriis idea salafitebis ocnebiT _ imaratiT Seecvala.
Tumca, imaratis momxreebis banakic
araa erTgvarovani, aq iyvnen qarizmiani liderebic, rogorc, magaliTad, said buriatieli.
bevri Tvlis, rom kavkasiis imarati
ruseTis specsamsaxurebis proeqtia.
ramdenadac maxsovs, Tqven sxva azris
xarT. gansxvavebuli Sexedulebebia
basaevis, isev _ umarovis msgavsi figurebis Taobazec.
yvela movlenis efesbe-s proeqtebis prizmaSi axsnas ar vemxrobi. vinc
amas akeTebs, an umecrebiT mosdis,
an sazogadoebaSi mcdari azris damkvidrebas Segnebulad cdilobs. ara
mgonia, winaaRmdegobis meTaurTa maRal eSelonebSi maT iseTi adamianebi
ipovon, vinc agentobas daTanxmdeba.
imaves vityvi doku umarovis efesbe-s
agentad gasaRebis mcdelobebze.
sul sxva saqmea, rom umarovis gancxadebebi, rogorc wesi, CeCnebis interesebis sawinaaRmdegod muSaobs.
rogorc ki ruseTis federaciaSi
rame teraqti moxdeba, ukve moelian,
rom umarovis gancxadebac ar daayovnebs. bevri mas kremlis uneblie, xanac
Segnebul mokavSired Tvlis. Tqven ras
fiqrobT amaze?
CemTvis es adamiani, upirveles yovlisa, analizis obieqtia. aranairi
simpaTia, mxolod analizi. rogorc
SeiaraRebuli winaaRmdegobis Zalebis liderma, Tavisi qmediTunarianoba unda daamtkicos. hoda, sakuTar
Tavze iRebs yvelafers, rac feTqdeba _ misi monawileobiT, an umisod.
kidev erTxel _ muSaobs Tu ara es
CeCnebis winaaRmdeg? diax, ueWvelad.
magram umarovi yvela CeCnis prezidenti araa, mxolod imaT warmoadgens, vinc masTan erTadaa tyeSi gaxiznuli.
islamuri samyarosa da dasavleTis
dapirispirebis Zirebi rogoria?
es globaluri sakiTxia. ara imdenad dasavlur, qristianul civilizaciasTan dapirispireba iyo amis mizezi, ramdenadac islamuri samyaros
xelidan gaSvebuli SesaZleblobebi.
warsulis dideba Tanamedrove kulturis monapovrebma daCrdila. aman
dakarguli drois SegrZneba gaaCina.
da piriqiT, axalma msoflio wesrigma, romelmac konkurenciis SesaZlebloba dainaxa, islamuri samyaros
dasusteba ganizraxa. TviT islamuri
radikalizmi, rogorc movlena, arsiT TavdacviTi iyo.
SariaTuli saxelmwifos momxree-
`warsulis dideba
Tanamedrove kulturis
monapovrebma daCrdila.
aman dakarguli drois
SegrZneba gaaCina. da
piriqiT, axalma msoflio
wesrigma, romelmac
konkurenciis SesaZlebloba
dainaxa, islamuri samyaros
dasusteba ganizraxa. TviT
islamuri radikalizmi,
rogorc movlena, arsiT
TavdacviTi iyo.~ mairbeki
bi mxolod imaratis momxreebi arian?
iCqeriis CeCnur respublikaSic xom
iyo SariaTis samarTlis damkvidrebis
mcdelobebi? meore mxriv, evropis zog
saxelmwifoSi am samarTalisaTvis TiTqos garkveulwilad legitimurobis
miniWebas cdilobdnen.
es Zalian farTo sakiTxia. xifaTisSemcveli an dasaZraxi aq araferia.
magaliTad, ruseTis zogi mola da
yadi memkvidreobis ganawilebasTan an
ganqorwinebasTan dakavSirebul procedurebSi SariaTis normebiT xelmZRvanelobas emxroba da Sesabamisi
winadadebiT gamodis. unda giTxraT,
rom qonebis gayofa muslim xalxebSi
sabWoTa mmarTvelobis drosac ki SariaTis normebiT xdeboda. kiTxvaze,
SesaZlebelia Tu ara SariaTi ruseTSi, pirdapir gipasuxebT, _ diax, SesaZlebelia. sxva saqmea, rom zogadad,
sazogadoebaSi, SariaTi sisxlis samarTlis nawilad miiCneva, sinamdvileSi, es ufro muslimis yoveldRiuri cxovrebis regulaciaa. moskovis
karnegis centris samecniero sabWos
wevri, aleqsei malaSCenko Tvlis, rom
SariaTi moqmed rusul kanonmdeblobasTan Tavsebadia, metic _ isic adasturebs, rom SariaTi isedac moqmedebs, mxolod misi legalizebaa saWiro,
vTqvaT, rusuli kanonmdeblobis damatebad qceva iseT regionebSi, sadac
umetesad muslimebi cxovroben. 2010
wels ramzan kadirovma frangul ,,fi-
garosTan” saubarSi Tqva, rom misTvis
CeCneTSi SariaTi ufro maRla dgas,
vidre ruseTis federaciis kanonebi.
rogorc Cans, daZabulobis mosaxsnelad ruseTis xelisuflebas mouwevs
Sesabamisi nabijebis gadadgma.
Tqven CeCneTis istoriaSi mniSvnelovani movlenebis, damoukideblobis pirveli wlebis mowme da monawile
xarT.
am mniSvnelovan ambebs mniSvnelovanwilad avcdi, im periodSi ssrks mecnierebaTa akademiis istoriis
institutSi staJirebaze gamzavnes,
Tavidan momiSores. 1989 wels me da
Cemma megobrebma CeCneT-inguSeTis
social-demokratiuli partia davaarseT, Cveni CanafiqriT, skkp-s sapirwoned. dRevandeli gadasaxedidan
es miamitobad Cans, maSin ki Tavebi
`miwisqveSelebad~ migvaCnda da Zalian amayebi viyaviT, magram suk-Tan
problemebi Semeqmna, TanamSromlobas
mTxovdnen da uaris mere gadawyvites
Cemi moSoreba da staJirebaze gagzavna. 1995 wels ki, pirveli kampaniis
dros CeCneTSi davbrundi da maSin
aslan masxadovTan Semaxvedres. roca
gaigo, rom moskovSi, doqtoranturaSi saswavlad vapirebdi dabrunebas, darCena da ideologiis sferoSi
daxmareba mTxova. amaze davTanxmdi,
Tumca, gavafrTxile, Tavidan rom
davibado, Cemgan meomari mainc ar
dadgeba-meTqi. gaecina, da miTxra, me-
omrebis naklebobas ar vuCiviT, ruseTis mxaresTan wignieri ideologiuri
brZolisTvis gvaklia xalxio. ase
gavxdi CeCneTis genStabis sainformacio ganyofilebis Tavi. 1998 wels
prezidentis pirvel mrCevlad daviniSne, 1999-Si ki Cri-s generalur warmomadgenlad ruseTis federaciaSi.
meore CeCnuri kampaniis periodi iyo,
moskovSi sacxovrebeli saxlebi aafeTqes da qalaqSica da mTel ruseTSi
antiCeCnuri ganwyobileba haerSic
ki igrZnoboda. rusul telearxebze
ukve Cemi sawinaaRmdego gancxadebebi
keTdeboda. sabolood, Sua moskovSi
iaraRis tarebisTvis damapatimres.
aTobiT moqalaqis Tvalwin CemTvis
iaraRis SeCurTva odnavac ar moridebiaT.
am dros Tqven, mgoni, iaraRs arasdros atarebdiT.
diax, Jurnalistebi xumrobiT `erTaderT uiaraRo CeCens“ miwodebdnen, radgan yvelam icoda, rom iaraRi
CeCneTSic (sadac es maSin Cveulebrivi ambavi iyo) arasdros mitarebia. am
braldebiT Cemi dapatimreba sruli
idiotoba iyo. cixeSi 9 Tve gavatare,
mere mkacri reJimis banakSi samwliani patimroba momisajes, magram Cems
beds saerTaSoriso organizaciebi
adevnebdnen Tvals (`amnisti interneSenelma~ politpatimrad gamomacxada) da rusebma amnistiiT gamomiSves,
im pirobiT, rom rf-s teritorias sam
cxeli Sokoladi 47
interviu
dReSi davtovebdi, rac siamovnebiT
gavakeTe.
rogori prezidentebi hyavda CeCneTs? zogze aq araferia cnobili.
joxar dudaevsa da zelimxan iandarbievze iseTs verafers movyvebi,
rasac daaxloebuli piri mohyveboda:
maTi garemocvis adamiani ar viyavi.
masxadovs ki axlos vicnobdi. Zalian
sada da Tavmdabali adamiani iyo.
abdul-xalim sadulaevi, romelic
lamis radikalad da reaqcioneradaa
Seracxuli, sinadvileSi, gansakuTrebuli wesierebis adamiani iyo.
CemTvis, upirveles yovlisa, Tavisi
mwignobrobiT da inteleqtiT iyo
saintereso, magaliTad, saukeTesod
icoda Zveli berZnuli filosofia.
is iyo pirveli aragasamxedroebuli
jamaaTis lideri, romelic Tavis
amocanad islamis misionerul ganmartebas miiCnevda, da ara iaraRis
ZaliT, rogorc amas adgilobrivi salafistebi akeTeben.
araerTxel, da sxvaTa Soris, TviT
rusebisganac msmenia, rom 1994-96 wlebis kampaniis dros CeCnebis damokidebuleba samxedro tyveebisadmi xSirad
saocrad humanuri iyo. amas zogi dasavleli Jurnalistic aRiarebs. arada,
rusulma propagandam CeCeni `boevikis~ sul sxva saxe daamkvidra.
pirveli omis dros, aslan masxadovi tyveebs urTierTgacvlis principis gareSe aTavisuflebda. erTaderT pirobas ayenebda: jariskacebs
mxolod mSoblebs atanda, romlebsac
sityva unda daedoT, rom Svils iaraRis xelSi aRebis uflebas aRar
miscemdnen. mere es TiTqmis wesad
iqca. am ojaxebs mere samxedroebi
devnidnen da samxedro samsaxuris
gagrZelebas sTxovdnen. 1996 wlis
zafxulSi CeCnebis samxedro banakSi,
missave xarjze, ocamde tyve jariskaci mSoblebTan erTad cxovrobda,
romlebic ruseTSi dabrunebaze uars
ambobdnen. mogvianebiT generalma
lebedma aseTi jariskacebi sisxlis
samarTlis devnisgan gaaTavisufla.
tyveebisadmi iseTi damokidebulebis
48 cxeli Sokoladi
precedenti, rogoric pirveli kampaniis dros rusi jariskacebis mimarT
iyo, me sxva arc vici.
kadirovis momxreTagan bevri pirvel an meore kampaniaSi TavisuflebisTvis ibrZoda. zogadad, kadirovelebis xeliT bevri sisastike xdeba.
SeiZleba Tvali gavadevnoT, vin rogor
moxvda maT rigebSi? vin arian es adamianebi? Tqveni azriT, xvalindeli CeCneTisTvis dakarguli xalxia?
aseTi daskvnisgan Tavs Sevikaveb.
yvelas sxvadasxva mizezi hqonda.
zogi sikvdilsa da sicocxles Soris
irCevda. zogi gatexes, ra Tqma unda,
zogisTvis sulerTia, vis da ratom
moklavs. magram yovel beds individualurad sWirdeba midgoma. sxvanairad imaTze ukeTesebi riT varT,
visac ganvsjiT.
Tqvens biografias davubrundeT.
raRac momentSi, istoriis siyvarulma
gadaswona, rom politikas principulad CamoSordiT?
politikas wertili 2002 wels davusvi. aslan masxadovs safrangeTidan
werilobiT movuxade bodiSi, mivwere,
rom misi presmdivnis rolis TamaSs
dasavleTSi veRar gavagrZelebdi.
socialur mecnierebaTa umaRles
skolaSi seminari migvyavs, iqve davaarse kavkasiis mkvlevarTa asociacia,
samiode wigni davwere. jeimsTaunis
fondis analitikosi var da kavkasiis
viTarebis yovelkvireul mimoxilvas
vamzadeb, onlain-reJimSi gamovcem
kavkasiis prolematikisadmi miZRvnil
istoriul-kulturul Jurnals PROMETHEUS.
axla Tqven Tbilisis kavkasiuri
konferenciebis erT-erTi aqtiuri monawile xarT. TebervalSi CeCeni da inguSi xalxebis deportaciis 67-e wlisTavi iyo. am ori xalxisa da Cerqezebis
genocidis aRiarebis saqme win miiwevs?
mis ase gawelvas imedgacrueba xom mohyolia?
1944 wlis deportacia CvenTvis
dRemde mtkivneul Wrilobad rCeba.
im tragedias masStabiT bolo ori
omis saSinelebebic ver Seedreba. es
erTaderTi Temaa, romelic Zalze
gansxvavebuli politikuri xedvis
CeCnebsac ki aerTianebs. amitom es
sakiTxi ase martivad ver daixureba. evroparlamentma, yvela winaaRmdegobis miuxedavad, es deportacia
genocidis aqtad cno. rac Seexeba
Cerqezebs, Cemi azriT, Tavidanve
arasworad iqna orientacia aRebuli, TiTqos saqarTvelos parlamenti maT genocids lamis or-sam TveSi aRiarebda. es SeuZlebeli iyo da
amas Tavidanve vambobdi. saqarTvelo axalgazrda saxelmwifoa, Tavisi
problemebi da amocanebi aqvs da esec
gasaTvaliswinebelia. imedgacrueba
arc erT mxares ar unda daeuflos,
piriqiT, Tu erTmaneTs gavugebT,
amiT sakuTar Tavsac davexmarebiT.
saqarTvelos axali politika Sanss
gvaZlevs, sakuTari identoba xelaxla gaviazroT, gavigoT, ras niSnavs
kavkasieloba, amier- da imierkavkasielebad dayofis gareSe.
25 ianvars, pirvel kavkasiur arxze
saqarTvelos prezidents usmineT? ra
STabeWdileba dagrCaT?
es politikosis gamosvla iyo. magram me saqarTvelos prezidentis,
rogorc `rigiTi~ qarTvelis, azri
mainteresebda. TbilisSi yofnisas
aqaur mxares SevTavaze, rom iqneb
mas damoukidebeli CeCnuri gamocemisTvis `doS~ interviu mieca. mas
mere 5 Tve gavida, prezidentis sa-
`pirveli omis dros,
aslan masxadovi tyveebs
urTierTgacvlis
principis gareSe
aTavisuflebda.
erTaderT pirobas
ayenebda: jariskacebs
mxolod mSoblebs atanda,
romlebsac sityva unda
daedoT, rom Svils
iaraRis xelSi aRebis
uflebas aRar miscemdnen.
mere es TiTqmis wesad
iqca~. mairbeki
interviu
Tanado samsaxuridan ki gamocemas
pasuxi ar miuRia, rac Zalian sawyenia. CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi bevri araa
iseTi gamocema, romelic prezident
saakaSvilisgan intervius aRebas da
dabeWdvas gabedavs.
vici, rom Tqvenc da evropis CeCnuri
diasporac saqarTveloSi mimdinare movlenebs Tvals adevnebT. veteranebisa
da devnilebis ambavic iciT. CeCnuri sazogadoebis mniSvnelovan nawils swored devnilebi da veteranebi Seadgenen.
diax, rogorc yvela CeCeni, mec
Tvals vadevneb aqaur ambebs. Tqvens
problemebs TqvenTan erTad ganvicdiT, Tqveni sixaruli gvixaria.
nebismieri qmedebis dros, pirvel
rigSi, Rirseba ar unda daikargos.
Rirsebis kodeqsi aq, kavkasiaSi, mudam
sicocxlisunariani iyo.
CeCnuri diaspora Cveni sazogadoebis imedismomcemi nawilia: axalgazrdoba, romelic xSirad ramdenime
evropul enas flobs, evropis da
amerikis saukeTeso saswavleblebSi
swavlobs. esaa CeCneTis xvalindeli
dRe. devnilobis aTiode wels es dadebiTi mxare udavod hqonda.
evropaSi Tavs rogor grZnoben
es adamianebi? vici, rom ruseTis
moTxovniT, bevr maTgans mudmivad
`amowmeben~, aris iZulebiTi depor-
taciis SemTxvevebi.
ukanaskneli SemTxveva norvegiaSi
moxda, roca ruseTs aTobiT devnili
gadasces. es ukve gavrcelebul praqtikad iqca. evropaSi CeCneTis axlandeli situacia kargad araa gaazrebuli, daaxloebiT ise warmoudgeniaT,
rogorc rf-s danarCeni regionebi.
TavSesafars ukve Zalian seriozuli
mizezebis mqone pirebs aZleven.
samwuxaroa, rom Tqvens ers amdenis
gadatana uxdeba. Tumca, ruseTis imperiaSi CeCnebs am mZime bedma saocari
gamZleoba da TviTorganizebuloba
gamoumuSava.
>>> gagrZeleba gv. 101
cxeli Sokoladi 49
specproeqti
politika da arti
avtori: irina aliaSvili, ani berukaSvili
foto: sergi barisaSvili
iosif brodskim, nobelis premiis laureatisTvis gankuTvnili leqcia,
Semdegi sityvebiT daiwyo: `umjobesia iyo ukanaskneli xelmocaruli demokratiaSi, vidre wamebuli, an azrTa mpyrobeli tiraniasa da despotiaSi~. bunebrivia, wamebuli xelovanebi ufro iSviaTad gxvdebian saqarTvelos istoriaSi, vidre `azrTa da gulTa mpyrobelobis~ mosurneni.
Tu Tvals gadavavlebT warsuls, aRmoCndeba, rom Zalian cotaa sabWoeTis dros emigrirebul qarTvel xelovanTa ricxvi, rasac ver vityviT
Tundac ruseTidan, an baltiispireTis qveynebidan wasul, gaqceul Tu
gaZevebul mwerlebsa da xelovnebis sxva warmomadgenlebze.
CvenTan, an ewirebodnen, an emsaxurebodnen reJims, an ubralod Cumad
iyvnen, an ki, rogorc uyvarT xolme Tqma, farulad, e.w. ezopes igavuri
eniT amxeldnen `borotebis imperiis~ siaveebs. saqarTveloSi dRemde ar
arsebobs calsaxa pasuxi xelovanisa da Zalauflebis urTierTmimarTebaze. rad unda miiCnevdes igi sakuTar Tavs, samoqalaqo sazogadoebis
wevrad Tu saxelmwifos mSeneblobis ideologiur instrumentad. adamiania xelovnebis mizani Tu sistema, Tundac saxelmwifo? romelia piramidis TavSi moqceuli?
leninis biustebisa da Zeglebis odenobiT, saqarTvelo sxva 14
`TanamoZme respublikasTan~ SedarebiT, udavo lideri gaxldaT. partiaze
da komkavSirze daweril teqstebs ki yvelaze ostaturad `Cven~ vqmnidiT.
rogoria dRevandeli koniunqtura, sad kveTen erTmaneTs politika da
xelovneba, xelovani da xelisufali? an, kveTen Tu ara isini erTmaneTs?
swored es kiTxvebi daedo safuZvlad xsnebuli proeqtis ideis ganxorcielebas.
vfiqrob, literatura, Teatri, kino, ferwera, xSirad baletic ki,
gacilebiT mets ambobs ama Tu im epoqebis qveynebis istoriaze da politikaze, vidre romelime politikur da socialur mecnierebaTa saxelmZRvanelo. xolo ras amboben Tavad xelovanebi, SegiZliaT ixiloT `cxeli
Sokoladis~ specialur proeqtSi `arti da politika~.
rati amaRlobeli
50 cxeli Sokoladi
cxeli Sokoladi 51
specproeqti
nino burduli
sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis nebismieri aspeqti
exeba nebismier moqalaqes. ubralod, zogi amas acnobierebs, zogi _ vera. ra Tqma unda, rac ufro meti
moqalaqea, visac es gacnobierebuli aqvs, sazogadoebac ufro win wava da ganviTardeba. kacobriobis istoria ise warimarTa, rom adamianis yvela ufleba
moipoves brZoliT. swored im adamianebis xarjze, visac gacnobierebuli hqonda, rom TiToeul adamianzea
damokidebuli sazogadoebrivi cxovreba. xelovanebi
yovelTvis ufro pasiurebi arian sazogadoebriv
cxovrebaSi. maTi aqtiuroba imdenad Zlieria gamogonil samyaroSi, rom isini sxva kanonebiT cxovroben
da amitom xelovanis magaliTad motana gaWirdeba.
Tumca, amis Zalian bevri magaliTia dasavleTSi. raRac momenti dgeba, rodesac isinic ki aqtiuroben,
magaliTad umberto ekom berluskonis winaaRmdeg miiRo raRac aqciaSi monawileoba. mokled, xelovani
araa is adamiani, romelic demonstraciebze dadis.
xelovneba yovelTvis politikuria. Tumca, ra Tqma
unda, mirCevnia is xelovneba, romelic araa amwuTieri da araa, rogor giTxraT, socialur talRebze damokidebuli. maradiuli da zogadsakacobrio
Temebi ufro mniSvnelovania CemTvis xelovnebaSi, ar
miyvars plakaturi xelovneba.
zogadad, politikas da xelovnebas aqvT Sexebis
wertilebi. me germaniaSi, hamburgSi vTamaSob
speqtakls. roca Cavedi repeticiebis dasawyebad,
hamburgis saxelmwifo Teatrs Seumcires biujeti
milionze metiT da policiis gunds Tu orkestrs 300
000-iT gauzardes. amaze iciT, ramxela ambavi iyo?
yvela gamovida, yvela xelovani, aramarto im Teatris. es iyo raRac politika, saxelmwifo politika,
romlis winaaRmdegac gamovidnen xelovanebi. oRond
TavisTavad esaa politikis Secvla. romelze reagirebac moaxdines. xolo rac Seexeba samoqalaqo politikas, imas, rac yoveldRiurad Sen garSemo xdeba, Cemi
azriT, aq ar unda iyos gansxvaveba xelovani xar Tu
ara, es niSnavs kanonmorCilebas da ara sxva rames. Tu
sazogadoebam kanonTan urTierToba da eTikis normebi ar daicva, es aRar iqneba sazogadoeba, es iqneba
52 cxeli Sokoladi
brbo. arsebobs raRac dawerili da dauwereli eTikis
normebi, romelsac Segnebuli sazogadoeba icavs. ar
vici amas politika Tu hqvia, amas hqvia ganviTarebis
done.
politika xelovnebaSi gulisxmobs protests ki
ara, kritikul azrovnebas. kritikul azrovnebas aramarto politika moiTxovs. Cvens istoriaSi bevri
magaliTi viciT xelovanebis vasaluri damokidebulebisa monarqebis mimarT, magram moTxovnileba da
ideebi mainc Tavisuflebisken iyo. maTi xelovneba,
yovel SemTxvevaSi, arasodes qadagebda monobas da
araTavisuflebas.
me vxedav TviTcenzuras xelovanebis mxridan. da
es aris saSineleba. da es aranakleb saSiSia adamianis ganviTarebisTvis, vidre vTqvaT TviTcenzura
mmarTvel partiasTan mimarTebaSi. dRes yvelaze metad rac mawuxebs, isaa, rom erTi tipis xelovnebazea moTxovnileba, yvela standarts akmayofilebs da
sul mgonia, rom Cemi adgili aRar aris. ai, amas veZaxi
„iumorinas“ tipis xelovnebas.
avtoritetoba pasuxismgeblobas akisrebs. me
maxsovs merab mamardaSvilis gamosvla, roca Tqva, Tu
Cemi xalxi am arCevans gaakeTebs, me misi winaaRmdegi
viqnebio. is Tavis ideebs da Tavis msoflmxedvelobas ar Ralatobda. me ar momwons, roca eldar Sengelaias afaseben, rogorc mmarTveli Zalis mxareze
myof xelovans. is aravis mxareze araa, ubralod is
arCevans amaze akeTebs, magram misi xelovneba amiT ar
fasdeba.
socialuri arti CvenTan araa da arc iqneba. CvenTan
socialuri Temebi Semoitana Sadiman SamanaZem. erTi
periodi Zalian popularuli iyo da yvela TeatrSi
idgmeboda misi speqtaklebi. mec vTamaSobdi erTerTSi TumaniSvilis TeatrSi. Zalian ar miyvarda.
imitom rom is iyo axlo naturalizmTan da CemTvis
es xelovneba ukve aRaraa. es aris raRaca sxva arti,
sworedac rom arti, oRond roca ucxour sityvas
xmarob _ arts da ara Sens enaze ambob xelovnebas.
Cemi azriT, xelovnebis Temebi ar unda iyos socialuri.
foto: sergi barisaSvili
specproeqti
`politika xelovnebaSi gulisxmobs protests ki ara, kritikul
azrovnebas. kritikul azrovnebas aramarto politika moiTxovs.
Cvens istoriaSi bevri magaliTi viciT xelovanebis vasaluri
damokidebulebisa monarqebis mimarT, magram moTxovnileba
da ideebi mainc Tavisuflebisken iyo. maTi xelovneba, yovel
SemTxvevaSi, arasodes qadagebda monobas da araTavisuflebas~.
cxeli Sokoladi 53
specproeqti
giorgi uSikiSvili
TiToeul moqalaqes unda hqondes aRebuli pasuxismgebloba im saqmianobaze, rasac akeTebs da
imaze, Tu rogor unda movawyoT da avaSenoT Cveni
qveyana. me ar miyvars, rodesac kritika exeba mxolod xelisuflebas an opozicias da maT sTxoven
pasuxebs. me vTvli, rom yvela adamianma unda gaakeTos is, rac SeuZlia da ase miiRos monawileoba
qveynis mSeneblobaSi. magaliTad, im dRes Camovdiodi quCaze, romelzec mxolod calmxrivi moZraobaa,
Tumca Semxvda sami manqana, romelic sawinaaRmdegod
modioda. kulturulad avuxseni, rom calmxrivi moZraoba iyo da ar Semosuliyvnen, Tumca ver gavagebine.
es erTi magaliTia. aseTivea dabinZureba. me mTel
saqarTveloSi vmogzaurob, viyavi asuli Zveli SuamTis monasterSi da SevSfoTdi, roca vnaxe, rogori
dabinZurebuli iyo teritoria. Sen unda xedavde,
saiT ginda midiodes Seni qveyana da amas mxari auba.
patriotizmi, qveynis siyvaruli da saqmis keTeba ar
ganisazRvreba fuliT. Tuki Sen saqmis keTeba ginda,
amisaTvis enTuziazmic sakmarisia. rac Seexeba xelovan adamians, isic Cveulebrivi mokvdavi moqalaqea.
xelovans SesaZlebelia hqondes Tavisi pozicia politikis, socialuri sakiTxebis mimarT, Tumca mgonia,
rom xelovanma mkveTri politikuri gancxadebebisagan Tavi unda Seikavos, me aravis ar vakritikeb, magram Tavad ase vakeTeb. SeiZleba, mec damifiqsirebia
Cemi pozicia raRac sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT, magram
arasodes amis Sesaxeb debatebSi ar CavrTulvar. xelovans yvela usmens, aqedan gamomdinare, is mkveTr politikur gancxadebebs unda eridos, ar aris
saWiro sakuTari Tavis zedmetad politizireba. Cemi
azriT, arsebobs apolitikuri xelovneba, magaliTad, me rasac vakeTeb, es apolitikuria, vgulisxmob
xalxur Semoqmedebas. simRera, cekva da xalxuri xelovneba saukuneebis manZilze ase modis, me mgonia,
54 cxeli Sokoladi
rom is xalxi, vinc qmnis am xelovnebas, aris apolitikuri. maTi SemoqmedebisTvis imas mniSvneloba ar
aqvs, romeli mTavroba movida an moswonT Tu ara.
isini emsaxurebian xelovnebas, radgan es winaprebma
dautoves. maT amaSi aravin fuls ar uxdis da arc
aravin aZalebs. arsebobs xalxi, romelic am saqmes
emsaxureba angarebis, Tundac politikuri angarebis
gareSe. me Cems Tavs SemiZlia vuwodo apolitikuri,
radgan arasodes vyofilvar arc erTi partiis wevri,
an CarTuli politikur saqmianobaSi, Tumca raRac
pasuxismgeblobis aReba yvelas uwevs da mec mgonia,
rom raRac pasuxismgebloba sakuTar Tavze aRebuli
maqvs. mxolod xelisuflebis neba ar aris is, rom
prioritetuli iyos qarTuli folklori, aq mTavari
xalxis da moqalaqeebis pasuxismgeblobaa.
politika xelovnebaSi ar gulisxmobs mxolod protests. Tumca, aris raRac musikaluri mimarTulebebi, romlebic mTlianad protestzea agebuli. rac
Seexeba cenzuras, sruli pasuxismgeblobiT SemiZlia
ganvacxado, rom piradad me arasodes aranairi cenzura ar ganmicdia. nebismier xelovans SeuZlia,
gaakeTos simRera policiaze, qarTul jarze, nebismier Tematikaze, yvela adamiani individualuria da
akeTebs ise, rogorc sworad miaCnia. arian xelovnebaSi iseTi adamianebic, vinc Tavis pozicias araTu
malaven, politikuri liderebic xdebian.
socialuri kuTxiT ver vatyob, rom xelovneba
gaaqtiurebuli iyos. Tuki qarTuli folkloris
magaliTze vityviT, aq mudmivad aisaxeboda xolme
socialuri problemebi, Tumca Tanamedrove musikis laitmotivi aris sentimentaluroba da ara socialuri problemebi. Cven sul axlaxan gamovediT
marwuxebidan da aqedan gamomdinare, amis kultura
damkvidrebuli ar aris. Tumca SeiZleba, drodadro,
es Tematika gaaqtiurdes.
foto: sergi barisaSvili
mgonia, rom xelovanma mkveTri politikuri gancxadebebisagan Tavi
unda Seikavos, me aravis ar vakritikeb, magram Tavad ase vakeTeb.
cxeli Sokoladi 55
specproeqti
macaco gabunia
moqalaqis pasuxismgebloba qveynis interesebidan
unda gamomdinareobdes. samxatvro akademiis studentebis magaliTze vityvi, maTi samoqalaqo pasuxismgebloba akademiaSi moqcevis wesebidan iwyeba, isini am
adgils saxliviT unda uvlidnen.
Cven vakeTebT axal veb-gverds, romlis meSveobiTac studentebs saSualeba eqnebaT, Semowirulobebi
gaiRon akademiis dangreuli nawilis aRsadgenad.
students am yvelafris gakeTeba ar evaleba, Tumca
Segneba unda hqondes, rom am yvelaferSi monawileoba miiRos. xelovansac akisria igive pasuxismgeblobebi, Tumca is, raRac mxriv mainc, Tavisufalia.
xelovans ver daavaldebuleb, mihyves am movlenebs,
is yvelafers Sinagani moTxovnilebebis mixedviT
akeTebs. rusTavelze gaSlili karvebis paralelurad, gavakeTeT didi gamofena, rac iyo Cveni protesti situaciisadmi. Cven simSvide gvWirdeboda.
am dros iyvnen adamianebi, romlebmac monawileobis
miRebaze uari ganacxades, zedmetad gaapolitikures
es yvelaferi, Tumca isini TavianT arCevanSi Tavisuflebi iyvnen.
me mgonia, rom xelovanebma msgavs aqciaSi monawileoba unda miiRon, Tumca aris raRac zRvari. magaliTad, ar momwons gauTavebeli proeqtebi Temaze
56 cxeli Sokoladi
„patrioti“. Tumca es Cemi piradi damokidebulebaa,
Tuki mxatvars patriotul Temaze aqvs saTqmeli, es
misi saqmea. Cemi azriT, politikuri xelovneba ar arsebobs, es raRac partiis mowodebasaviTaa, xelovneba
arsebobs xelovnebisTvis. arian Caketili mxatvrebi,
maT sul sxva fiqrebi, vnebebi da grZnobebi aqvT. da
es maT garkveulwilad aTavisuflebT pasuxismgeblobisgan.
Cvennair qveyanaSi, romelsac egzistenciuri problema aqvs, mxatvari ar unda iyos gulgrili. Cemi
xelmZRvanelobiT moewyo gamofena _ „iZine mSvidad! Sen saqarTvelos moqalaqe xar“, iyo meorec _
„Sen ver Secvli Cemi qveynis guliscemas“. msgavs proeqtebSi monawileoba Cemi Sinagani moTxovnilebaa. es
ar iyo zedmetad politizirebuli an dakveTili.
politika da xelovneba erTmaneTisgan gamijnuli
ver iqneba, Tumca xelovanma yovelTvis sifrTxile
unda gamoiCinos, rom zedmeti ar mouvides. es damatebiTi pasuxismgeblobaa.
arian zedmetad politizirebuli mxatvrebi, Tumca
maTac ver davadanaSauleb _ maTac undaT Tbil adgilas moxvedra. aseTi ram xSirad xdeba, Tumca niWs
mainc verafers uzam.
foto: sergi barisaSvili
specproeqti
moqalaqis pasuxismgebloba qveynis interesebidan unda
gamomdinareobdes. samxatvro akademiis studentebis magaliTze vityvi,
maTi samoqalaqo pasuxismgebloba akademiaSi moqcevis wesebidan iwyeba,
isini am adgils saxliviT unda uvlidnen.
cxeli Sokoladi 57
specproeqti
daTo doiaSvili
Cemi azriT, yvela adamianma sakuTar TavSi unda aRmoaCinos moqalaqe da socialuri pasuxismgeblobebi.
roca 14 wlis viyavi, yvelaferi qarTuli maRizianebda, maT Soris, sadRegrZeloebi da qarTuli anbanic
ki. Semdeg CemSi ukve nel-nela absoluturad Seicvala bevri rame, raRacebis gadafasebis, aRmoCenebis
xarjze.
xelovanic aucileblad moqalaqea. CemTvis mTavaria, rom xelovans hqondes raRac pozicia. xSirad
SeiZleba me mis pozicias ar veTanxmebode, magram,
miuxedavad amisa, CemTvis Zalian mniSvnelovania am
adamianis pozicia.
apolitikuri xelovneba ar arsebobs. esaa tyuili.
ratom vfiqrob ase? miT umetes, am saukuneSi. oskar
uaildi ambobda, rom xelovneba arsebobs xelovnebisaTvis, Tumca misi yvela nabiji politika iyo.
me SeiZleba vTqva, rom ar miyvars, ar vetrfi iseT
adamianebs, romlebic politikurad aqtiurebi arian.
mgonia, rom xelovanma Tavisi saTqmeli unda Tqvas
Tavisi saqmiT, da iq gamoxatos is yvela damokidebuleba. miT umetes, roca dResdReobiT aRar arsebobs cenzura da Zalian martivia ramis Tqma.
gamijno xelovneba da politika erTmaneTisgan, es
araa pasuxismgeblobis Tavidan mocileba. Zalian kar-
58 cxeli Sokoladi
gad mesmis maTi, romelTac urCevniaT Caiketon TavianT naWuWSi da Tavi aaridon garesamyaros. es maT
zogjer Zalian exmarebaT. me myavs aseTi bevri megobari, maT saerTod ar ician, gareT ra xdeba. arseboben adamianebi, visac es sWirdebaT.
ar vfiqrob, rom politika xelovnebaSi aucileblad unda gulisxmobdes protests. es, Cemi azriT,
sabWoTa mentalitetis gadmonaSTia. arc imas vTvli konformizmad, Tu Seni gakeTebuli, garkveulwilad, mmarTveli partiis wisqvilze asxams wyals.
ar vfiqrob ase, imitom rom arsebobs Zalian bevri
idea, romlebSic SeiZleba Tanmxvedri iyo partiasTan da piriqiT, iyos protesti. ratomRac sabWoTa
kavSirSi ase iyo, rom rac ufro daupirispirdebodi
farulad am sistemas, iTvlebodi ukeTes xelovanad.
aqedan gamomdinare, Seiqmna uamravi metaforuli
Teatri, metaforebi kinoSi, im droisTvis damaxasiaTebeli „ena“. Cemi azriT, ufro Znelia iyo artSi,
roca ar arsebobs cenzura. rogorc ki ar arsebobs
cenzura da Sen SegiZlia yvelaferze ilaparako, maSin dgeba sakiTxi, ra gaakeTo? ra aris is sakiTxi,
romelic xalxs ainteresebs da raze unda elaparako
maT? akrZaluli Tema yvelaze advili dasamuSavebelia xelovnebaSi.
foto: sergi barisaSvili
specproeqti
arc imas vTvli konformizmad, Tu Seni gakeTebuli,
garkveulwilad, mmarTveli partiis wisqvilze asxams wyals. ar
vfiqrob ase, imitom rom arsebobs Zalian bevri idea, romlebSic
SeiZleba Tanmxvedri iyo partiasTan da piriqiT, iyos protesti.
cxeli Sokoladi 59
specproeqti
giorgi margvelaSvili
ra Tqma unda, apolitikuri xelovneba arsebobs. es bunebrivia.
imitom, rom, magaliTad, adamianis sulieri gancdebi, emociebi,
megobroba, siyvaruli, nostalgia, RmerTis Zieba an martooba _
es yvelaferi xelovnebis Zalian
didi nawilia, romelic savsebiT
SesaZlebelia, politikis gareT
iyos. SesaZlebelia, rom protesti
iyos, magram aq ar iyos politika.
gaaCnia epoqas da im Semoqmeds,
romelic gamoxatavs am epoqas.
sruliad SesaZlebelia es iyos, an
ar iyos.
xelovani gamoxatav imas, rac
SeiZleba xdebodes SenSi. SenSi
SeiZleba
xdebodes
politika,
SenSi SeiZleba xdebodes siyvaruli,
protesti
sazogadoebis
mimarT da a.S. Sen SegiZlia poets uTxra, rom Sen, vinc unda
iyo, sazogadoebis wevri xar da,
Sesabamisad, Senc raRaca wvlili
unda Segqondes amaSi _ es sxva
aris da meore isaa, rom Sen Sens
xelovnebaSi aucileblad unda
CarTo raRac politikuri. me ver
vityvi, rom xelovans sazogadoebrivi pasuxismgeblobebi unda
ekisrebodes,
rogorc
avtoritets. araferi ar gakisria, me
ver vityvi, vis ra akisria, me veravis verafers davakisreb. ideaSi yvela moqalaqe aris politikuri subieqti, magram ramdenad
grZnobs is am pasuxismgeblobas,
es sxva sakiTxia.
protesti TavisTavad emociurad bevrad ufro intensiuria da
radganac xelovneba TavisTavad
eZebs mWaxe formebs Tu ferebs,
swored amitom, es xSirad protestTan aris asocirebuli. magram ver vityvi, rom xelovneba
aucileblad
protests
unda
gamoxatavdes, magram amas ase
gadaWriT mainc ver ityvi.
dRes saqarTveloSi ara mgonia,
60 cxeli Sokoladi
rom cenzura iyos xelovnebaSi.
dRes xelovanebs eZlevaT saSualeba gamoxaton TavianTi protesti, ganaxorcielon is ideebi,
rac maT surT. ubralod aSkarad
gamoxatul protests ver vxedav. vfiqrob, rom, piriqiT, xelovanebi zedmetad TanamSromloben saxelmwifosTan, mmarTvel
partiasTan. TviTon saxelmwifo
aregulirebs am yvelafers efeqturad, imitom rom fuls aZlevs
im xelovans, romelic Tanaxmaa am
yvelaferze. Tanac, politikuri
Sexedulebebis gamo dapatimrebuli poeti an momRerali ar minaxavs saqarTveloSi. arc maTi protesti minaxavs.
qarTul Tanamedrove xelovnebas maincdamainc ar vicnob, amitomac ver vityvi, aisaxeba Tu
ara socialuri Temebi maT SemoqmedebaSi. Tumca xSirad vxedav
musikosebs Tu momRerlebs, romlebic akeTeben sufTa politikur
Semoqmedebas. Cveni Tanamedrove
xelovneba imdenadaa gadasuli
dasavluris kalkirebaze, rom
realur cocxal protests ver
vxedav. gansakuTrebiT ver vxedav kontrkulturul arts. kontrkultura maSin aRmocendeba,
roca arsebobs istebliSmenti,
rasac daupirispirdebi. saqarTveloSi istebliSmenti rac aris,
an politikuri, an politikurTan
daaxloebuli xelovnebis saxiT,
TavisTavad aris kontrkulturuli: zedmetad agresiuli, zedmetad politizirebuli, zedmetad
seqsualuri, zedmetad moraluri Rirebulebebis winaaRmdegi.
xelisufleba TavisTavad kontrkulturulia
saqarTveloSi.
amitom, kontrkulturis ganxorcieleba am qveyanaSi rogor unda
moxdes, Zneli saTqmelia. STabeWdileba mrCeba xolme, rom saqarTveloSi tradiciuli morali
TavisTavad kontrkulturaa. is,
rasac warmoadgens tradiciuli
Rirebulebebi, davuSvaT igive
ojaxis instituti, eklesia da a.S.
_ realurad, rasac unda upirispirdebodes kontrkultura, imxela dartymis qveSaa xelisuflebis
mxridan, rom dRes tradiciul
Rirebulebebze orientacia mimaCnia, garkveulwilad, kontrkulturad. ar arsebobs raRac stabiluri istebliSmenti, romelic
ityvis, rom esaa Cemi Rirebuleba.
aramed piriqiT, davuSvaT istebliSmentis xelovnebis SekveTa
aris agresiuli, naxevrad titveli gogoebi, romlebic mRerian
`putins~. klipi „putini“ rom aviRoT, esaa zedmetad agresiuli,
seqsualuri,
politizirebuli,
garTobaze orientirebuli. esaa
qarTuli istebliSmenti. amisi
konkurenti hipebis moZraoba veranairad ver iqneba. iseTi rame ver
gaCndeba aseT garemoSi, rogor
garemoSic warmoiSva dasavleTSi
hipebis moZraoba. dasavleTSi iyo
stabiluri Rirebulebebi da am
Rirebulebebis ngreviT modiodnen hipebi. an davuSvaT rac iyo
muslimur kulturaSi, rodesac
iyo stabiluri muslimuri saxelmwifo da iq gaCnda sufizmi. an
rac ganxorcielda CineTSi daoizmis saxiT, rodesac iyo istebliSmentad konfucianizmi. CvenTan,
faqtobrivad, piriqiTaa. amitom
kulturuli dinamika, daZabuloba
naklebia. magaliTad eseni mRerian `putins~, romelic TavisTavad
janyia, magram vis vin ujanydeba,
ucnobia da, meore mxriv, aris
„ucnobis“
simRera,
romelic
mimarTulia saakaSvilis winaaRmdeg... istebliSmenti da masTan
dapirispireba _ es araa normaluri kultura.
foto: sergi barisaSvili
specproeqti
dRes saqarTveloSi ara mgonia, rom cenzura iyos xelovnebaSi.
dRes xelovanebs eZlevaT saSualeba gamoxaton TavianTi protesti,
ganaxorcielon is ideebi, rac maT surT. ubralod, aSkarad
gamoxatul protests ver vxedav. vfiqrob, rom, piriqiT, xelovanebi
zedmetad TanamSromloben saxelmwifosTan, mmarTvel partiasTan.
cxeli Sokoladi 61
specproeqti
kote jandieri
ybadaRebuli magaliTiT daviwyeb:
antikur saberZneTSi arcTu iSviaTi samoqalaqo dapirispirebebis
damTavrebisTanave
sazogadoeba
amnistias ucxadebda konfliqtis
monawileebs, magram mkacrad sjida
(minimum, kicxavda) im moqalaqeebs,
romlebic neitralur poziciaze
dgomas amjobinebdnen da ar ereodnen sakuTari qveynis, Tu polisis
momavlisaTvis esoden mniSvnelovan
brZolebSi. seriozuli sazogadoebriv-politikuri
kataklizmebis
dros poziciis arqona, seiris mayurebloba samarcxvinod iTvleboda,
vinaidan es sxva araferia, Tu ara
sazogadoebrivi sikeTis moxmareba
da am sikeTis SeqmnaSi monawileobaze uaris Tqma. adamiani SeiZleba
cdebodes, magram indiferentuli
ar unda iyos saxelmwifoSi Seqmnili
viTarebis mimarT, gansakuTrebiT,
Tuki saqme samarTlianobis principis dacvas Seexeba. usamarTlobis
nebismieri gamovlineba (socialuri,
politikuri, samarTlebrivi Tu
sxv.) normalur moqalaqeSi, cxadia
protests unda iwvevdes, magram
protestTan erTad usamarTlobis
msxverplTa mimarT solidarobis
survilsac unda badebdes. protesti da solidaroba is ori iaraRia, riTac samoqalaqo sazogadoeba
sakuTar Tavs, sakuTari Svilebis,
sakuTari qveynis momavals icavs
gardauvali saxelmwifo Zaladobisagan. amave dros, mxolod aseT, sakuTari da sxvisi Rirsebis, uflebebisa
da moraluri principebis damcvel
sazogadoebas SeuZlia ganviTareba
da efeqturi Tavdacva gareSe mtrisgan. amitom, vfiqrob, rom patriotizmi nacionalisturi lozungebis
Zaxili ki ar aris, aramed, pirvel
rigSi, usamarTlobasTan Seuguebloba da solidarobaa. es banaluri
WeSmaritebebia. Tu amas kritikuli
azrovnebis unarsa da profesionalizmsac davumatebT, idealur moqa62 cxeli Sokoladi
laqes miviRebT. aqedan gamomdinare,
advilad SegviZlia ganvsazRvroT,
ramdenad axlo varT samoqalaqo
sazogadoebis standartTan. ultraliberaluri doqtrina ambobs, rom
moqalaqeebs aqvT uflebebi, romlebic SezRudulia mxolod sxva moqalaqeTa aseTive uflebebiT. magram
uflebebTan erTad moqalaqes aqvs
erTi valdebuleba: hqondes sindisi
da icxovros sakuTari sindisis Sesabamisad. usamarTlobaze, TanamoqalaqeTa Cagvraze Tvalis daxuWva,
anda, vTqvaT sakuTari saarCevno
xmis gayidva erTi tomara fqvilis
fasad _ samoqalaqo danaSaulia. cxadia, es danaSauli kanonmdeblobiT
ar isjeba, magram arsebobs zneobrivi imperativi, morali da bunebiTi
samarTali, romlis winaSec yvelani
vagebT pasuxs, Cinosani Tu uCino,
wignieri Tu uwignuri, mdidari Tu
Raribi. saboloo ganaCeni ki istorias gamoaqvs.
jer ar msmenia, rodisme vinmes
eTqvas, rom Semoqmedebis unari adamians samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobisgan aTavisuflebs. aseTi ram Zveli
samyaros tiranTa mexotbeebsac ki
ar ganucxadebiaT, da arc dRevandeli xelisuflebis daqiravebul
`inteleqtualebs~. aseTi mtkiceba
imdenad absurduli da samarcxvinoa,
rom fulisa da gavlenis maZiebeli
reJimis satrapebi sakuTar monobas,
konformizmsa da jalaTobas swored
samoqalaqo poziciiT, saxelmwifo
interesiTa da patriotizmiT amarTleben. Zlieri saxelmwifo maT
umaRles faseulobad da miznad
gamoacxades da yoveldRiurad am
azrs uWedaven TavSi sazogadoebas.
cxadia, es TvalTmaqcoba da siyalbea, vinaidan saxelmwifo, pirvel
yovlisa, erisa da yoveli calkeuli
adamianis usafrTxoebis, keTildReobisa da ganviTarebis instrumentia
da ara mizani. saxelmwifos siZliere
ki samarTlianobasa da moqalaqeTa
patriotizmze dgas. amas mowmobs
patara, magram demokratiuli aTenis brwyinvale gamarjveba qserqses
milionian da mravalerovan aziur
urdoze.
saxelmwifos
Zliereba
Tavisufali nebisa da Rirsebis
mqone moqalaqeTa mxrebze dgas da
ara policiasa da mravalricxovan
armiebze. esec banaluri WeSmaritebaa...
me mgoni, politikac da xelovnebac erTi da imave wyarodan ikvebeba _ es aris sazogadoebriv SexedulebaTa da faseulobaTa sistema,
romelsac an upirispirdebi an
eTanxmebi. erTi da imave epoqis
nayofia e.w. stalinuri arqiteqturac da ernst neizvestnis skulpturebic, „molodaia gvardiac“ da
„ostati da margaritac“. ostatobisa da mxatvruli zemoqmedebis
TvalsazrisiT, aq yvelaferi rigzea, ubralod xelovnebisa da literaturis es nimuSebi gansxvavebul,
kontrastul
msoflmxedvelobas
gamoxataven da amitomac ewerebian
erTni totalitarul, meoreni ki
liberalur diskursSi. am azriT,
namdvili xelovneba apolitikuri
ver iqneba, ubralod, es masze ar
aris damokidebuli. sxva SemTxvevaa
solJenicinis „arqipelagi gulagi“,
romelmac udidesi gardatexa Seitana sazogadoebriv cnobierebaSi.
es aris aSkarad politikurad aqcentirebuli teqsti, Tumca ramdenadaa
is maRali xelovnebis nimuSi, dRemde
sakamaTod rCeba.
cxadia, aseTi gamijvna xels
aZlevs, erTi mxriv, Zalauflebis
mpyrobels, uzurpators an diqtators (xelovnebis zemoqmedebis Zala
misTvis realur xifaTs Seicavs) da,
meore mxriv, konformists, medroves
da niWis armqone fsevdoSemoqmeds.
Cemi azriT, eseTi ideebi farTo asparezs pouloben totalitaruli,
avtoritaruli, an pirvelyofili
foto: levan xerxeuliZe
specproeqti
Temuri wyobilebis pirobebSi. sofokles „antigone“ bunebiTi samarTlisa da saxelmwifo kanonmdeblobis koliziaze mogviTxrobs,
rac antigonesa da kreontis konfliqtSi vlindeba. vidre arsebobs
saxelmwifo instituciebi da kanonmdeblobebi, es Tema mudmivad aqtualuri darCeba. amitomac, msoflio
literaturis es Sedevri erTnairad
amaRelvebelia antikuri saberZneTis, faSisturi germaniis, demokratiuli safrangeTis, totalitaruli sabWoTa kavSiris, amerikisa
da postrevoluciuri saqarTvelos
mayureblisaTvis. es ukvdavi teqsti
sruliad gansxvavebul politikur
konotacias iZens yvela zemoCamoTvlili qveynisa da epoqis realobaSi.
Teoriulad, es teqsti ar unda awyobdeT saakaSvilis ideologebs da
saxelmwifo Zalmosilebis apologetebs, sxva saqmea, ramdenad gariskaven mis akrZalvas. ufro martivia
„nanukas SouTi“ an gazeT „pram-taimiT“ misi Canacvleba.
xelovnebis nawarmoebi SeiZleba
iyos, an ar iyos politikurad aqcentirebuli, magram maRali xelovneba,
rogorc wesi, yovelTvis poulobs
konkretul politikur konteqsts.
vaJa-fSavelas aluda qeTelauri da
tolstois haji-murati mudam darCebian im samarTlianobis maZiebel
literaturul personaJebad, romlebic milionTa gulebs aRelveben, Tumca dRevandel mkiTxvelTa
udidesma umravlesobam araferi
icis im politikur viTarebaze, rac
maSin iyo, araferi icis im politikur efeqtze da rezonansze, rac am
nawarmoebebma iqonia maSin, rodesac
daiwera. Cven am gmirebTan identifikacias vaxdenT Cveni politikuri
konteqstidan gamomdinare, magram
bunebiTi samarTali da adamianTa
kanonmdeblobis usamarTloba, Temis/sazogadoebis da pirovnuli Tavisuflebis dapirispireba mudmiv
Temebad rCeba da ar eqvemdebareba
dros koniunqturas. yvela Taobam da
individma TviTon unda gadawyvitos
antigones mxares idgeba, Tu kreonts dauWers mxars, aludas airCevs
magaliTad, Tu xevisber berdias.
rac Seexeba TviTmiznur moralizatorobasa da pirdapir politikur
protests, Cemi azriT, es SeuTavsebelia xelovnebasTan, Tundac imitom, rom viwro droiTi diapazonis
CarCoebSi aqcevs nawarmoebs da, am
SemTxvevaSi, konkretuli epoqis realiebi ukve ara mxatvruli teqstis
cxeli Sokoladi 63
specproeqti
saSen masalad, aramed mkveTrad moxazul „samSeneblo proeqtad“ iqceva.
aseTi nawarmoebi gasagebi rCeba mxolod konkretuli droiTi realobis monawileTaTvis. es ki provincializmia, oRond ara geografiuli,
aramed qronotopuli. idealuri
mxatvruli nawarmoebi ki, rogorc
wesi, Tanabradaa gaxsnili rogorc
warsulis, ise momavlis mimarT da
SeuZlia daiSinaarsos nebismieri
epoqis konkretika, maT Soris politikuric. swored am garemoebas usvams xazs borxesi, rodesac erTgan
SeniSnavs, rom yvela didi wigni adre
dawerili wignebis nayofia da warmoSobs momaval wignebs.
pirvel arxze, romelic formalurad sazogadoebriv mauwyeblad iTvleba, aris dokumenturi filmebis
cikli, saxelwodebiT „mexsiereba“.
SemoqmedebiTma jgufma ganizraxa,
am ciklis erT-erTi filmi qarTuli
WadrakisaTvis mieZRvna. magram maT
daurekes da uTxres, rom am filmSi nona gafrindaSvilis xseneba ar
unda yofiliyo, vinaidan xuTgzis
msoflio Cempioni, Turme nu ityviT, xelisuflebis oponentia da
cdilobs mTeli Tavisi avtoriteti, cxovrebiseuli gamocdileba da
energia am xelisuflebis Secvlas
moaxmaros. gekiTxebiT, rogor SeiZleba qarTuli saWadrako skolis
istoriaze saubari qalbatoni nonas
uxseneblad? cxadia, es Zalian saSiSi
paranoiaa da sxva araferi. Sedegad,
jgufma saerTod uari Tqva Tavis
Canafiqrze da filmi ar gakeTda.
elementalur profesiul da adamianur patiosnebaze uaris Tqmas, am
adamianebma TavianT SemoqmedebiT
gegmaze uaris Tqma amjobines. marto es faqtic kmara imisTvis, rom
donald trampis magvar uprincipo
fulis tomarasac ki aexilos Tvali
saqarTveloSi mimdinare „demokratizaciaze“, magram es ar aris mTavari. mTavari is aris, rom am binZuri
satelefono, Tu zepiri (aradokumentirebuli) dakveTis gamo axalgazrda telemayureblis mexsierebidan iSleba iseTi fenomeni, romelic
64 cxeli Sokoladi
msoflios
nebismieri
erisaTvis
siamayis, momavali Taobebis orientirisa da mimarTulebis mimcemi
gakveTilis funqcias Seasrulebda.
ratom? risTvis? imitom, rom absuluturi Zalauflebis maniakaluri surviliT Sepyrobilma jgufma
mmarTvelobis vada gaixangrZlivos.
Tqven mekiTxebiT, aris Tu ara xelisuflebis aseTi qmedeba Seuracxmyofeli? aris, magram ara imisTvis,
visac es ubrZanes, aramed Tavad am
brZanebis gamcemTaTvis. Rirseulad
moiqca is, vinc aseTi amoraluri, danaSaulebrivi da absurduli brZaneba ar Seasrula, Tumca amiT Cveni
istoriidan erTi iSviaTi, Rirseuli
furclis amoxevas Seuwyo xeli. gava
dro da aRaravin ikiTxavs, 2010 wels
vin muSaobda telearx „imedis“ modelirebul „qronikaze“ _ talantiT
dajildoebuli xalxi, Tu uniWo
laqiebis brbo. arsebobs moraluri wiTeli xazi, romlis gadakveTa
erTnairad samarcxvinoa Semoqmedis,
teqnikuri Semsruleblisa da daqiravebuli inteleqtualisaTvis. ras
ityoda frensis fukuiama aseTi ram
CNN-is, an BBC-is eTerSi rom enaxa?
aRiarebda, rom swored es aris
postindustriuli epoqis adamianis
WeSmariti saxe da sakacobrio istoriis dasasruli? erTi ram cxadia,
Tuki aseTi fabrikaciebi gagrZeldeba, Tu amas Sesabamisi Sefaseba ar
miecema, es marTlac SeiZleba istoriis dasasruli gaxdes, oRond ara
sakacobrio, aramed Cveni qveynis
istoriis dasasruli. imisTvis, rom
erma, rogorc istoriis subieqtma
Sewyvitos arseboba, sulac ar aris
aucilebeli rusuli aviacia, kaseturi yumbarebi da saraketo dartymebi. amisTvis sruliad sakmarisia
xalxma daiviwyos Rirseba, dakargos
elementaluri azrovnebis unari da
morali warsulis mavne gadmonaSTad CaTvalos. me ar vici ra aris
imis mizezi, rac samTavrobo arxebze
xdeba _ „zemodan“ Careva, Tu Sinagani
cenzori, es am televiziebis TanamSromlebma gadawyviton.
teqstebi, naxatebi, Senobebi, kino-
filmebi, operebi da a.S. (Tuki isini
mxatvrul Rirebulebas warmoadgenen), cxovrebas agrZeleben TavianTi Semoqmedis gareSe. amaze ukve
vilaparakeT. meore mxriv, avtorebis
pirovnuli reputacia, moqalaqeobrivi saxe da renome, mxolod maTi
nawarmoebebis xarisxze ar aris
damokidebuli. Tanamedroveni vagners uRirs adamianad Tvlidnen (cxadia, ara yvelani). vin iyo marTali da
vin cdeboda, es dRes zustad aravin
icis da me Tu mkiTxavT, arc aris
saintereso. pasternaki Tvlida, rom
amoraluri pirovneba xelovnebis
maRal nimuSebs ver unda qmnides.
ar vici, es sakamaToa. ubralod, sasurvelia Sedevris avtori imisken
iswrafvodes, rom Tavisi nawarmoebis
Rirsi iyos. albaT es yovelTvis ar
xerxdeba. Semoqmedi individi, Tavisi
saxelosnos, studiis an kabinetis
miRma Cveulebrivi adamiania, Tavisi
sisusteebiT, SecdomebiT, vnebebiT,
mrisxanebiTa da sasowarkveTiT, magram Semoqmedebis procesSi mas namdvilad evaleba iyos gulwrfeli da
principuli Tavis naazrevTan, nawerTan, naxatTan an naZerwTan mimarTebaSi. raki mwerali ilia WavWavaZe eris
winamZRoli iyo, ar SeiZleba yvela
mwerals eris mamoba mosTxovo. es ar
aris misi daniSnuleba.
aravis da arafris gafetiSeba ar
Rirs, miT umetes Semoqmedisa. politikuri proteqcionizmi ki mxolod
erT SemTxvevaSia dasaSvebi _ Tu
adamians fizikuri safrTxe emuqreba. am TvalsazrisiT, qarTvelebi
sakmaod frTxili xalxi varT. me
mgoni, Cven im unikaluri qveynebis
ricxvs ganvekuTvnebiT, sadac e.w.
andergraundi saxelmwifo ideologiasTan srul unisonSia, sruliad
asocialuria, Tavs ZiriTadad uzrdelobiT gvamaxsovrebs, xolo epataJs ara gamZRar da elitur korufciaSi Caflul klass, aramed misgan
Cagrul adamianebs uwyobs. vSiSob, es
ubralod drois niSani ki ar aris,
aramed, zogadad, qarTuli paradoqsia.
cxeli Sokoladi 65
televizorze da masmediaze gazrdilma pirvelma Taobam
60-ian wlebSi industriuli sazogadoebis radikaluri Secvla gadawyvita. aRmosavleTSic da dasavleTSic protestis, komunebis, hedonizmis, multikulturizmis, aqtivizmis, saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg omis sruliad axali formebi
da koncefciebi Cndeba.
kontrkulturuli talRa, seqsis, narkotikebisa da
rokenrolis saxeliT edeba qalaqebsa da studentur kampusebs. moZraoba kulturuli revoluciis cunamad iqceva. vietnamis omi ki grZeldeba. da amerikuli protestis
masStabic, Sesabamisad, izrdeba.
am dros militaristuli saxelmwifo rasobrivi da sqesobrivi segregaciiT, mkvleli policiiT da puritanuli
moraliT isev myarad dgas. axalgazrduli protestis
66 cxeli Sokoladi
araefeqturobiT imedgacruebuli xalxi realur amboxze
gadadis. dasavleT evropisa da amerikisTvis 60-70-ianebi
arnaxuli lokaluri, urbanuli terorizmis, `realobis
ganadgurebis~, transformaciis klasikuri periodia. Tveebi, roca iqmneba `vudstokis nacia~, ebi hofmanis urbanuli Samanebi pentagonis Senobas cocxal wreSi imwyvdeven,
rom is haerSi aswion. timoTi liri, niqsonis gancxadebiT,
`amerikis nomeri pirveli mteria~. is amerikidan alJirSi
garbis da `Savi panterebis~ revoluciur armias uerTdeba. studentebi sorbonadan Cikagomde _ studqalaqebsa da
universitetebs ipyroben, barikadebs awyoben. aTasobiT
adamiani `cnobierebas ifarTovebs~ LSD-Ti. saarCevno xmebis dasacavad pirvelad gamodian masobrivi protestebiT
Savkanianebi, seqsualuri umciresobebi, qalebi. revolu-
istoria
amindis prognozi
avtori: zura jiSkariani
siZulvilis dReebi
ciebia aziaSi, samxreT amerikaSi, arsebobs amerikis sxva
nomeri pirveli mteric _ sabWoTa kavSiri.
swored disidenturi karnavalis am aTwleulSi, wiTeli
brigadebisa da baader-mainhofis Semdeg, yvelaze cnobili
teroristuli dajgufeba Cndeba, saxelad _ `meteorologebi~, im droisaTvis ukve sakmaod cnobili studentebis
jgufi, romlebic oms ucxadeben saxelmwifos da miwisqveSeTSi gadainacvleben. omi didxans grZeldeba. `meteorologebi~ mTeli vietnamis omis ganmavlobaSi afeTqeben
sxvadasxva samTavrobo Senobebs amerikaSi, maT Soris, pentagonsac.
1969 wels `studentebi demokratiuli sazogadoebisTvis~ yvelaze gavleniani antisaomari studenturi moZraoba iyo, romelsac mTeli amerikis masStabiT asi aTasamde
wevri hyavda. ukve arsebobda daxuruli universitetebi,
studentebis mier dapyrobili kampusebi da mravalricxovani araZaladobrivi protestis talRebi vietnamSi
gaCaRebuli omis winaaRmdeg. Tumca moZraobis liderTa
garkveuli nawili grZnobda, rom maT mcdelobebs aranairi konkretuli Sedegi ar mohqonda da rom saWiro iyo
ufro radikaluri protestis forma. moZraobis amgvarad
ganwyobili ramdenime axalgazrda, momavali `meteorologebis~ birTvad, gansxvavebul fraqciad Camoyalibda studenturi moZraobis SigniT.
saprotesto aqciebisa da gamosvlebiT sakmaod cnobili studenti mark radi (romelmac wina wels kolumbiis
universiteti `daipyro~ da mis Tavze vietnamis droSa aRmarTa) ukve interviuebSi ambobda: `Cven gadavayiravebT am
sistemas. diax, es niSnavs oms. uamravi TeTri adamiani bevr
rames gariskavs da SeuerTdeba Sav xalxs, SeuerTdeba vietnamelebs da sxvebs mTel msoflioSi, vinc ukve daiwyo
brZola~.
axalgazrda iuristi, SemdgomSi `meteorologebis~ erTerTi mTavari wevri bernardin dorni ki ambobda: `warmoudgenelia araZaladoba _ istoriaSi yvelaze moZalade
sazogadoebis centrSi~.
studentebi ambobdnen, rom kapitalisturi sistema antihumanuri da mouqnelia, rom saWiroa cvlileba. isini
mTeli guliT TanaugrZnobdnen SavkanianTa gaTavisuflebis moZraobebs, gansakuTrebiT ki, `Savi panterebis~ dajgufebas, romlis wevrebis meTodur genocidsac axorcielebda amerikis maSindeli mTavroba.
am periodSi realobis transformacias isini sakuTari
TaviT iwyeben, rac ukavSirdeba eqsperimentebs seqsualur
tabuebTan da monogamiis ganadgurebas. rogorc `axali memarcxeneebis~, 60-iani wlebis revoluciuri epoqis guru
cxeli Sokoladi 67
istoria
herbert markuze werda: `sistemis yvelaze susti adgili
iqaa, sadac is yvelaze metad Zaladobs~. am formuliT advilia aseTi aqilevsis quslebis gamoZebna sakuTar TavSi
da Semdeg am dainstalirebul programebTan muSaoba, rac
warsulis represiebidan revoluciur momavalSi amisamarTebs sxeuls da cnobierebas. `People who fuck together _ fight
together~, _ ambobda moZraobis erT-erTi yvelaze axalgazrda wevri teri robinsi, poligamiuri da koleqtiuri
siyvarulis am praqtikas ki isini Wargasm-s eZaxdnen.
sazafxulo koleqtiuri saxlebi gadaiqca revoluciur
banakebad, sadac axalgazrdebi `yoveldRiurobis amotrialebisTvis~ emzadebodnen. `Cven vamuSavebdiT Cvens
pirad fsiqologiur varjiSebs _ rom vyofiliyaviT ufro
daundoblebi sistemis mimarT, mogvekla yovelive burJuaziuli narCeni Cvens TavSi~.
imave zafxuls bernardin dorni da ramdenime sxva `meteorologi~ Cafrindnen kubaSi TavianT revolucioner
kolega fidel kastrosTan, rogorc `amerikis droebiTi
mTavroba diplomatiuri aRiarebisTvis~, iqve isini Sexvdnen vietnamis warmomadgenlobasac. es mTavrobisTvis namdvili gamowveva iyo.
oqtomberSi, sazafxulo skolagamovlili studentebis
`meteorologTa~ fraqcia amZafrebs Tavis protests vietnamis omis winaaRmdeg. `Cikagos Svideulis~ (policiasTan
Setakebis gamo daWerili antisaomari moZraobis wevrebis,
romelTa Soris iyo ebi hofmanic) sasamarTlos msvlelobis periodSi _ `meteorologebi~ niSnaven `siZulvilis
dReebs~ Cikagos quCebSi. am dRisTvis gamocemul posterebze SegiZliaT naxoT policielis Sav-TeTri portreti
warweriT: `Rorebi dadian quCaSi _ magram quCebi xalxs
ekuTvnis! xvdebi?~, xolo sxva posterze exata Tavisuflebis qandakeba warweriT legendaruli `dorsis~, jim morisonis simReridan: `aanTe Cemi cecxli!~.
mark radis da sxva `meteorologebis~ warmodgeniT CikagoSi mogrovdeboda aTobiT aTasi revoluciuri studenti. 6 oqtombers, `dReebis~ moaxloebis niSnad, CikagoSi
afeTqda policielebisadmi miZRvnili qandakeba. 8-Si ki
daiwyo `siZulvili~.
Bring the WAR home! (`moitane omi saxlSi!~) _ iyo siZulvilis dReebis mTavari lozungi. `Cveni strategia iyo is,
rom omi ufro TvalsaCino gagvexada amerikaSi, rom xalxs
ar hqonoda misi ugulebelyofis saSualeba. is aq unda
yofiliyo, Cvens saxlSi~.
`Cven vfiqrobdiT, rom represiuli Zaladobis periodSi
arafris keTeba _ Tavadaa Zaladobis ukiduresi forma~.
Tumca Tavdapirvelad aqciam SokSi Caagdo „meteorologebi“ _ ratomRac, CikagoSi mxolod 600 adamiani Cavida, isini ki aTobiT aTass elodnen.
magram qmedeba TavisiT daibada, aqcia `omis saxlSi dabrunebis~ lozungiT gaixsna, momitingeTa didi nawili motomrbolelebis qudebiT da xelTaTmanebiT iyo mosuli
aqciaze, Sesabamisad, moqmedebis pirvel signalad _ iqve
mdgari bankis fanjrebis Camtvreva iqca. studentebi qala68 cxeli Sokoladi
qis barbarosul ngrevaze gadavidnen. Semdeg quCaze, CixSi
maT policiis barikadebi daxvdaT _ bevri fiqris gareSe
isini pirdapir barikadebze wavidnen. Sedegad _ 68 dapatimrebuli, 28 daWrili policieli... zarali aRemateboda
183000 dolars. areuloba kidev ramdenime dRes gagrZelda, 11 oqtombramde. ase daiwyes „meteorologebma“ sakuTari omi pirdapir Cikagos quCebSi.
`guSindeli Rame dasawyisi iyo. Tu vinmem aqamde es ver
gaigo _ policia mteria!~ _ ismoda meore dRes mitingze.
amas mohyva niqsonis komentari: `Zaladoba amerikaSi ar
aris gamowveuli omiT, ar aris gamowveuli represiebiT,
aq ar arsebobs raime romantikuli ideali. isini ar arian
romantikuli revolucionerebi, es is kriminali da ma-
tyuara xalxia, romelic yovelTvis cdilobs, iTamaSos
kargi adamianis roli~.
`gamoZiebis federalur biuroSi~ saswrafod iqmneba specialuri dajgufeba, `squad 47~, romelsac `meteorologebze~ nadiroba, maTi motivaciebis, miznebis, politikuri
Sexedulebebis, yoveli nabijis gamokvleva evaleba.
`siZulvilis dReebi~ romlebic, Tavis mxriv, hipuri
karnavalis dasasruls ukve aRniSnavda, marTlac mxolod
dasawyisi iyo, 1969 wlis dekemberi ki bevri axalgazrda
`Cven vfiqrobdiT, rom represiuli Zaladobis periodSi arafris
keTeba `Tavadaa Zaladobis ukiduresi forma~.
istoria
amerikeli adamianisTvis seriozuli sasowarkveTis da
saxelmwifos mier intensiuri zewolis periodad iqca.
Carlz mensonis komunis mkvleloba, Jurnal `laif magazinis~ vietnamis omis Semzaravi fotoebis pirveli didi
seria, policia Tavxedurad klavs fred hempTons, `Savi
panterebis~ 21 wlis TvalsaCino warmomadgenels. `Savma
panterebma~ moklulis saxli cocxal muzeumad gadaaqcies
da samxilebi yvelas dasanaxavad gaxsnes _ nebismiers SeeZlo Sesuliyo saxlSi, sadac moxda axalgazrda Savkaniani revolucioneris mkvleloba, SeeZlo Tavisi TvalebiT
enaxa natyviarebi kedlebSi da sisxliT dasvrili sawoli.
fred hempToni sawolSi, Zilis dros mokles.
masve ekuTvnis sityvebi _ `Tqven SeiZleba, moklaT revolucioneri, magram ver moklavT revolucias~.
andergraundi
1970 wlis marts dajgufebis angariSze ukve ewera `Savi
panterebis~ saqmeze momuSave erT-erTi mosamarTlis saxlis afeTqeba, msxverplis gareSe, Tumca jgufis wevrebis
garkveuli nawili Tvlida, rom msxverpli aucilebelia.
samwuxarod, es pirveli (da ukanaskneli) msxverpli _ Tavad jgufis sami axalgazrda wevri aRmoCnda. bombis damzadebis dros, erT-erTma maTganma raRac Secdoma dauSva
_ ris Sedegadac mTeli Senoba, sadac isini imyofebodnen,
afeTqda. jgufis sxva wevrebma incidentis Sesaxeb radiodan da megobrebisgan Seityves. policiam daadgina, rom
gardacvlilebi `meteorologebis~ wevri studentebi iyvnen da rom isini bombs amzadebdnen _ dadga oficialuri
gauCinarebis dro. qveynis yvelaze cnobilma studentebma
saswrafod datoves ojaxebi da miwisqveSeTSi gadaeSvnen.
cota xanSi qalaqebSi gaxSirda afeTqebebis xma da radioebSi gavrcelda audioomis gamocxadebis deklaracia~:
`gamarjoba. me bernardin dorni var.
es aris pirveli komunikacia vizermen andergraundidan.
revolucia yvela Cvenganis sicocxles Seexo. aTi aTasobiT adamianma iswavla, rom protesti da marSebi verafers Sveba. revoluciuri Zaladobaa erTaderTi gza~.
`Cven bevri gziT vibrZviT. mosawevi Cveni erT-erTi iaraRia. marixuanis winaaRmdeg arsebuli kanonebi niSnavs,
rom milionobiT Cvengani ukve damnaSavea didi xniT adre,
sanam daaSavebs. iaraRebi da mosawevi erTiandeba axalgazrdul andergraundSi.
Tu Sen ginda gvipovo, Cven aq varT. yovel tomSi, komunaSi, saZinebel oTaxSi, barakebsa Tu fermebSi, sadac
bavSvebi eZlevian siyvaruls, ewevian marixuanas da tenian
iaraRebs.
momdevno 14 dRis ganmavlobaSi Cven Tavs davesxmebiT
amerikuli usamarTlobis simbolos an instituciebs.
amgvarad Cven aRvniSnavT eldrij kliveris, rep braunis
da yvela Savkaniani revolucioneris magaliTs, vinc STagvagona brZola Cveni xalxis gaTavisuflebisTvis.
amieridan isini arasodes ibrZoleben marto~.
`deklaracias~ mohyva intensiuri dabombvebi. amasTan
70 cxeli Sokoladi
yoveli dabombva iyo pasuxi saxelmwifos garkveul qmedebebze da aiersis TqmiT, igegmeboda imgvarad, rom
afeTqebas adamianuri msxverpli ar mohyoloda. xSirad
afeTqebebi ismoda gvian RamiT an afeTqebamde rekavdnen
Sesatyobineblad, rom moeswroT Senobis evakuacia.
teroristebis am `humanizmma~ Zalian daabnia organoebi.
FBI-m gadawyvita, Tavad Casuliyo miwisqveSeTSi, risTvisac
maT mohipo fsevdorevolucionerebad gadaaqcies TavianTi agentebi da fsevdokomunebi Seqmnes im imediT, rom rogorme gavidodnen `meteorologebze~, magram amaod. gamoZieba yovelTvis erTi nabijiT ukan iyo, vidre dajgufeba,
Tu maT ofiss poulobdnen _ is ukve mitovebuli iyo.
9 ivnisi, 1970 _ feTqdeba niu-iorkis policiis Stabbina
policiis represiebis sapasuxod.
16 ivlisi, 1970 _ armiis baza san franciskoSi _ kuburi
revoluciis me-11 wlisTavis aRsaniSnavad.
8 oqtomberi, 1970 _ quinsis sasamarTlos Senoba _ niuiorkis cixeebis patimarTa protestis solidarobis niSnad.
14 oqtomberi, 1970 _ saerTaSoriso urTierTobebis
harvardis centri _ vietnamis omisadmi protestis niSnad.
es mxolod ramdenime magaliTia jgufis aqtivobidan.
imave wels bernardin dorni FBI-s mier ZebnilTa aTeulSi
Sedis, rac aranairad ar uSlis xels mas da mis qmars, ga>>> gagrZeleba gv. 94
cxeli Sokoladi 71
interviu
foto: levan xerxeuliZe
interviu monti
aleqsanderTan
avtori: kaxa Tolordava
foto: levan xerxeuliZe, marika qoCiaSvili
72 cxeli Sokoladi
interviu
diuq elingTonis
dakarguli werili
Cemi ojaxi iamaikidan amerikis
SeerTebul StatebSi 1961 wels gadmovida. maSin Cvidmeti wlis viyavi da
erTaderTi, razec vocnebobdi, jazis dakvra iyo. amerikaSi Casvlidan
erTi wlis Semdeg, Cemi kargi megobris mamam, romelic saxelganTqmuli
Cotton Club-is Tanamflobeli iyo,
diuq elingTonis menejerTan, ervin
milzTan mimiyvana. moxda ise, rom
diuqic iq damxvda. ra Tqma unda,
mis Sesaxeb gamego, magram maSin jer
kidev bolomde ver vacnobierebdi
misi miRwevebis masStabebs. milzma
diuqs uTxra, es erTi iamaikeli biWia
da kargad ukravs fortepianozeo.
diuqma amxed-damxeda da momigdo,
Tu aseTi magari xar, midi ai im pianinosTan da rame dagvikario. CemTvis oRond ki dakvra eTxovaT! mivedi
da davukari. im momentSi ar vicodi,
rom milzis kabinetSi diuqis yofna
Cemi megobris mamam moawyo. misi gaTvliT, Tu elingTons Cemi dakvra
moewoneboda, maSin gaadvildeboda
diuqisTvis imis Txovna, rom CemTvis sarekomendacio werili daewera
saemigracio samsaxurSi gasagzavnad.
mxolod mogvianebiT gavige, rom elingTonma marTlac gamiwia werilobiTi rekomendacia da im dRidan vcdilob, im werilis aslis mopovebas,
Tumca uSedegod. xumroba xom araa,
me xom TviT elingTonis daxmarebiT
gavxdi amerikeli!
cxeli Sokoladi 73
interviu
erT mSvenier dRes im klubSi, sadac
vukravdi, frenk sinatram Semoabija. pirveli,
foto: marika qoCiaSvili
rac man miTxra Cemi mosmenis Semdeg, ai es iyo: `midi,
biWi, isvingave, isvingave!~
biWi, romelmac quCaSi
iswavla cxovreba
bavSvobidanve ver veguebodi maT,
vinc Wkuis darigebiT cdilobda,
raime eswavlebina CemTvis, gansakuTrebiT musikis maswavleblebs
ver vitandi. maTi Wkuis darigeba ra
jandabad mindoda, rodesac bavSvobidanve mqonda imis niWi, rom yuriT,
anu smena-smeniT gamegno gza musikaSi! zogad musikalur ganaTlebas ar
vgulisxmob, musikis sulSi wvdomis
unari maqvs mxedvelobaSi. amas vercerT musikalur skolaSi ver gaswavlian, samagierod amas swavlob did
musikosebTan urTierTobis dros.
Zalian gamimarTla maT gverdze rom
gavizarde! isini ara marto musikas
maswavlidnen (Tanac ise, rom Wkuas
araferze marigebdnen), aramed imasac,
Tu rogor mivaxlovebodi musikas da
rogor SemomeSva is CemSi. yvelaferi
es bunebrivad xdeboda da swored
maTTan erTad gatarebulma drom damanaxa, Tu rogor aerTianebs musika
74 cxeli Sokoladi
adamianebs. me musikosad milT jeqsonma, rei braunma da dizi gilesfim
maqcies. maTi meSveobiT gavizarde,
rogorc musikosi da rogorc adamiani. sworad gamigeT, qeds vixri musikaluri saswavleblebis da maTi Zalisxmevis winaSe, magram yvelam icis,
rom monti aleqsanderi maT xelSi
gauvleli musikosia. me is quCis biWi
var, vinc quCaSi iswavla musikis dakvra da garwmunebT, amaze erTi wamic
ki ar minania!
jazi, mxolod jazi!
amerikelebis
cnobismoyvareoba
amouwuravia! es yovelTvis ase iyo
da musikosebi, am mxriv, gamonaklisi ar arian. isini xarbad isrutaven
yvelafers, rasac sxva kulturebi
sTavazoben da mzadyofniT rTaven
axal akustikur gavlenebs TavianT musikaSi. gasuli saukunis samocianebis dasawyisSic, roca amerikaSi
gadavsaxldi sacxovreblad, zustad
ase iyo. yuradRebiT Tu mousmenT
niu-orleanSi Seqmnil musikas, advilad daiWerT kavSirs am musikasa da
kunZulebidan amerikaSi moxvedril
musikas Soris. ra Tqma unda, jazis
ZiriTadi gavlena afrikuli warmoSobisaa, magram mousmineT jeri li
morTons, qid ors, lui armsTrongs
da kunZulebis musikis zegavlenasac
gadaawydebiT maT musikaSi. niu-orleanuli musikis suls kunZulebidan
mosuli sulic, misi ritmebic urevia. ratom? imitom, rom es interesi
ormxrivi iyo. iamaikel musikosebs,
ra wamsac ki isini jazis eSxs SeigrZnobdnen, berdis, mailzis da dizis
gverdze yofna swyurodaT. yvela
kargi iamaikeli musikosis erTaderTi survili amerikaSi moxvedra iyo.
iamaikurma musikam mzadyofniT miiRo
jazi. im dros sul patara biWi viyavi
da maxsovs, rom mec sruliad momnusxa
jazma da jazmenebma. yvelaferi momwonda maTSi _ rogor ecvaT, rogori
mimoxvriT moZraobdnen, rogor esaubrebodnen erTmaneTs, rogor ekavaT
foto: marika qoCiaSvili
interviu
instrumentebi, rogor ukravdnen da
Zalian vamayobdi imiT, rom TavianT
gverdze yofnis uflebas maZlevdnen.
me im klubebSi Sesvlis uflebac ki
mqonda, sadac isini ukravdnen, es ki
imas niSnavs, rom SemeZlo Tvalyuri
medevnebina maTTvis. ai, ase vizrdebodi musikosad!
"midi, biWi, isvingave,
isvingave!"
me is iSviaTi movlena var, vinc
ama Tu im musikalur instrumentTan
pirveli SexebisTanave instrumentis
nawilad aRiqvams Tavs. pirvelad rom
fortepianos mivujeqi, ra Tqma unda,
dakvra jer kidev ar vicodi, magram
im drosac ki ukve sakuTar Tavs
vukravdi. mogvianebiT, odnav rom
wamovizarde, bugi-vugis da bluzis
pianistebs vbaZavdi, Tumca maSin me
ukve vusmendi Sopens, lists, sxva
klasikosebs da miuxedavad imisa, rom
daxvewili
instrumentalistisgan
jer kidev Sors videqi, ukve vgrZnob-
di, Tu rogor mizidavda fortepianos bgera, romelsac saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi SeeZlo mTel orkestrad
qceuliyo. swored maSin
mivxvdi,
rom fortepianos SesaZleblobebi
amouwuravia. is yvela kombinaciaSi
unikaluria, misi ritmuli aspeqtebi
saSualebas gaZlevs, nebismier kombinacias moargo is, magram amave dros,
SexedeT qaunT beisis, romelic
TiTqos mouxeSavad `kenkavda~ notebs
fortepianoze dakvrisas da am dros
sruliad axal siRrmeebs xsnida masSi.
mokled, me damemarTa is, rac zogjer
emarTebaT xolme patarebs, erTi
noti aviRe da fortepianod viqeci.
am dros arafris meSinoda, arc instrumentis mdidari memkvidreobis
da arc misi aTvisebisaTvis aucilebeli Zalisxmevis gaRebisaTvis viSurebdi dros. sakuTar TavSi TviTdarwmuneba ki drois ganmavlobaSi
izrdeboda. rodesac StatebSi gadavedi sacxovreblad, erT mSvenier
dRes im klubSi, sadac vukravdi,
frenk sinatram Semoabija. pirveli,
rac man miTxra Cemi mosmenis Semdeg,
ai es iyo: “midi, biWi, isvingave, isvingave!” imaves meubnebodnen qenonbol
ederli da sxva jazmenebi da maTi
sityvebi waxalisebis yvelaze mniSvnelovani saxe iyo, rac ki musikosma
SeiZleba miiRos. mere ki dro gadis,
Sen dakvras agrZeleb da pirovnuladac Zlierdebi. ase ibadeba Seni ganumeorebeli bgera instrumentze!
notebi? ra notebi?
acvenili, meamboxe biWi viyavi
da isic ukve giTxari, rom maswavleblebTan yofna didad ar mepitnaveboda. `aleqsander (gvariT mommarTavdnen xolme!), Sen ai es unda
iswavlo, da ase unda daukra!“ me maTi
darigebebi fexze mekida, radganac
im droisaTvis ukve Cems raRacebs
vukravdi. me CemiT, sxvebis dauxmareblad, vuaxlovdebodi instruments,
isini ki saxazavs mirtyamdnen xelze!
>>> gagrZeleba gv. 96
cxeli Sokoladi 75
fotoze: kataiadu babi (mali), roqeia qabir (bangladeSi), izabel navaro (Jurnalisti), elba riviera
urbina (nikaragua), leonor magtolis briones (filipini), miranda axvlediani (saqarTvelo)
reklama
8 qali erTi xmiT
ganviTarebad qveynebSi jandacvisa da ganaTlebis xelmisawvdomobisTvis
saerTaSoriso organizacia oqsfami daarsda 1942 wels
samoqalaqo sazogadoebis warmomadgenlebs da pirovnebebs
da dRes igi muSaobs 80-ze met qveyanaSi, maT Soris saqar-
romlebic aqtiurad ibrZvian raTa aTaswleulis ganviTare-
TveloSi. siRaribisa da usamarTlobis aRmofxvrisa da
bis miznebi miRweul iqnas saqarTveloSi 2015 wlisTvis. koa-
ukeTesi momavlis Seqmnis mizniT oqsfami aqtiurad TanamS-
liciis mier identificirebul problemebs warmovaCenT Cven
romlobs adgilobriv partniorul organizaciebTan, moxa-
saerTaSoriso doneze. kampania, romelsac Cven _ W8 vawar-
liseebTan da mxardamWerebTan.
moebT, siRaribis daZlevasTan erTad, aTaswleulis ganviTa-
2009 wels organizaciam axali, unikaluri proeqti wa-
rebis miznebTanac aris dakavSirebuli. ZiriTadad jandacvis
moiwyo. saerTaSoriso kabineti _ 8 qali (W8), centraluri
da ganaTlebis sferoebze varT orientirebuli. proeqtis
amerikidan, afrikidan, evropidan da samxreT-aRmosavleT
farglebSi Cven ganviTarebuli qveynebis liderebs vxvdebiT
aziidan, saerTo misiiT muSaobs _ xelmisawvdomoba ufaso
da vacnobT problemebs, romlebic maT SeiZleba saxelmwi-
ganaTlebasa da janmrTelobaze. rvianis wevri saqarTvelo-
fos oficialuri warmomadgenlobisgan ician, magram Cven am
dan, miranda axvlediani, proeqtis misiaze, 8 qveynis saerTo
problemebs maTTan
da ganmasxvavebel problemebze da saerTaSoriso kabinetis
warmovaCenT. es, erTi mxriv, xels uwyobs warmoCenas, rom
aqtivobaze gvesaubreba.
Cveni qveynebi demokratiulia da rom arsebobs arasamTavro-
arasamTavroboebis TvaliT danaxuls
ra iyo saerTaSoriso organizaciis farglebSi am proeqtis
bo seqtori, romelic aqtiurad muSaobs. es dadebiT gavle-
Seqmnis mizezi da mizani da rogor airCa sxvadasxva kontinen-
nas axdens donor qveynebze. Cveni qveynis problemebis maT-
tidan 8 qveyana, maT Soris saqarTvelo?
Tvis ukeT gacnoba ki xels uwyobs saerTaSoriso donoruli
rvave qveyana, romelmac es saerTaSoriso kabineti Seadgina, ganviTarebadi da oficialuri saerTaSoriso daxmarebis
daxmarebis gaZlierebas.
garkveul etapze warmoiSva mosazreba, rom is daxmareba,
mimRebi qveyanaa. SerCevis Semdegi niSani kontinenturi war-
romelsac donori qveynebi Cvens qveynebs aZleven, fuWad ga-
momadgenloba gaxldaT _ erTi qveyana nikaragua, samxreT
Rebulia da realurad qveynebSi am daxmarebis safuZvelze ar
amerikulia, mali da malavi afrikuli, evropidan mxolod
xdeba Zireuli cvlilebebi. aris aseTi profesori, dambisa
saqarTveloa, aziidan ki _ indoeTi, tailandi, bangladeSi
moia, sxvaTa Soris afrikuli warmoSobis, romelmac dawera
da filipinebi.
wigni `Dead Aid“ (mkvdari daxmareba), romelSic daxasiaTebuli
dRemde agrZelebs muSaobas globaluri mowodeba siRaribis
aqvs saerTaSoriso daxmarebis araefeqturoba, Tu ra tyuilad ixarjeboda donori qveynebis mier micemuli Tanxa afri-
winaaRmdg mimarTuli qmedebisaken (GCAP) kampaniis qarTu-
kisTvis. saintereso wignia, magram bevr mosazrebas, miT ume-
li versia koalicia ”momavali siRaribis gareSe”. koalicia
tes mis mier dasmul sakiTxs, daxmarebis Semcirebis an sulac,
aerTianebs 50-mde adgilobriv arasamTavrobo organizacias,
Sewyvetis Sesaxeb, Cven ar viziarebT. Tundac imitom, rom Ses-
saqarTveloSi oqsfamis daxmarebiT 2005 wels Seiqmna da
76 cxeli Sokoladi
ruldes aTaswleulis ganviTare-
romelic genderis sakiTxebze muSa-
bis miznebi _ 2015 wlisTvis. gae-
obs, aramed es aris saerTaSoriso
ros am deklaracias saqarTvelos
mTavrobamac moawera xeli, Tumca
dRes ar gvaqvs kargi maCveneble-
kabineti, romelic jandacvis da
fotoze: miranda axvlediani (saqarTvelo), leonor magtolis
briones (filipini), roqeia qabir (bangladeSi), espaneTis
dedofali sofia
ganaTlebis problemebze muSaobs.
miuxedavad imisa, rom rvave wevr
bi. Tu gvinda, rom msoflioSi
qveyanas saerTo samuSao sferoebi
ganaxevrdes siRaribe da gaumjo-
aqvs, sainteresoa, rogoria am sfe-
besdes jandacvis indikatorebi,
roebSi maTi problemebis msgavseba
amisTvis daxmarebis gaZlierebaa
da gansxvaveba.
saWiro da ara piriqiT, rogorc
yvelaze cudi mdgomareoba afri-
zogierTi mecnieri Tvlis.
konkretulad ra nabijebs dga-
kis qveynebSia, Zalian didia deda-
ms 8 qali imisTvis, rom daxmarebis gazrdis aucileblobaSi daa-
Ta
fotoze: miranda axvlediani (saqarTvelo), baronesa fon
braxt, iv letermi (belgiis premier ministri)
rwmunos ganviTarebuli qveynebi?
sikvdilianobis
malaviSi.
ganaTlebis
maCvenebeli
problemaa
nikaraguaSi, afrikasa da tailandSi, gansakuTrebiT gogonebisTvis.
Cven samizne jgufi evrokavSiri, aSS da iaponiaa, ganvi-
Cven, miuxedavad imisa, rom 8 sxvadasxva qveynidan varT,
Tarebuli qveynebi. gvqonda ramdenime turne evropasa da
erT saerTo mizanze vTanxmdebiT _ xarisxiani ganaTlebis
kanadaSi, konkretul sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT. 2009 wlidan
da jandacvis xelmisawvdomoba.
pirveli Sexvedra germaniaSi Sedga ek. da ganviTarebis mi-
ramdenad iTvaliswinebs proeqti wevrebis erTmaneTis qvey-
nistrTan. STambeWdavi iyo holandiis princesa maqsimasTan
nebSi stumrobas da gansxvavebuli gamocdilebebis urTier-
Sexvedra. aseve, sakmaod mniSvnelovani Sexvedra Sedga bel-
Tgaziarebas?
giis premier ministr iv letermTan da espaneTis dedofal
sofiasTan
es weli, swored Sida kampaniis warmoebisTvisaa dagegmili. SeiZleba Cveni jgufidan ramdenime qalbatoni Camobr-
yvela Sexvedra daaxloebiT erT formatSi mimdinareobs.
Zandes. wevr qalbatonebs uaRresad saintereso biografie-
Cven, prezentaciebis saxiT, warmovadgen Cvens qveyanas da
bi aqvT. magaliTad qalbatoni bangladeSidan roqeia qabiri,
vsaubrobT jandacvasa da ganaTlebis sferoebSi konkretu-
jer kidev 70-iani wlebidan ibrZoda bangladeSis gaTavisu-
li daxmarebis gaZlierebis aucileblobaze. yvelaze mniSv-
flebisaTvis. wina wlebSi is nobelis premiaze iyo wardge-
nelovani Sexvedra, vfiqrob, briuselSi, evroparlamentSi
nili mSvidobis dargSi.
Sedga. Sexvedris Tavmjdomare maikl qeSmeni aTaswleulis
qalbatoni filipinebidan, leonor magtolis briones,
miznebis specialuri momxsenebelia evroparlamentSi. Cveni
mravali wlis manZilze parlamentari da ekonomikis minis-
prezentaciebi ar aris marto mSrali statistika qveynebis
tri iyo, dRes ukve arasamTavrobo organizacias xelmZR-
Sesaxeb, aramed es aris realuri istoriebi, adamianebis pro-
vanelobs. sainteresoa, rom misi organizacia yovel wels
blemebis da saWiroebebis Sesaxeb.
Tavisi qveynis mTavrobas alternatiul biujets sTavazobs,
evropuli turnes farglebSi, espaneTSi, parlamenta-
aqcenti, ra Tqma unda, jandacvasa da ganaTlebaze keTdeba.
rebTan gvqonda Sexvedra. SevxvdiT aseve Ciles eqsprezi-
rig sakiTxebSi misi mosazreba filipinebis xelisuflebas
dent qalbatons miSel baSelets da meri robinsons, gaeros
adamianis uflebaTa dacvis komitetis umaRles komisars.
gauTvaliswinebia kidec.
nikaragueli qalbatoni, elba riviera urbina skolis maswa-
yvela am Sexvedras Tan axlavs kampania qveynebSi, vizitebi
vlebelia da ganaTlebis Sesaxeb arasamTavrobo koalicias
televiziebSi, interviuebi, informaciis gavrceleba flae-
xelmZRvanelobs. is Tavis magaliTze hyveba, rogori proble-
rebis saSualebiT da a.S.
ma iyo mis qveyanaSi ganaTlebis miReba gogonebisTvis. TviTon
Cven vcdilobT davarwmunoT qveynis liderebi, rom vviTardebiT, garkveulwilad swored saerTaSoriso daxmarebis Sedegad, rom Cven varT demokratiuli qveynebi, da rom
CvenTan Zlieria arasamTavrobo seqtori, rac maTTvis mniSvnelovania, ramdenadac es maTi daxmarebis gakontrolebis
saSualebacaa.
ratom 8 qali? xom ar ukavSirdeba es erTgvar mosazrebas,
rom socialur problemebze, rogoric am SemTxvevaSi janda-
18 wlis asakSi iswavla wera_kiTxva da dRes es 50 wels gadacilebuli qalbatoni, staJiani maswavlebelia.
ras elodebiT did rvianTan Sexvedrisas, gaqvT Tu ara gansaxilveli Temebis konkretuli gegma?
jer konkretuli muSaoba ar dagviwyia. ganviTarebuli
qveynebis liderebs vTxovT Tanadgomas _ Cveni qveynebis
ganviTarebaSi, siRaribis efeqturad daZlevaSi da aTaswleulis ganviTarebis miznebis SesrulebaSi.
cva da ganaTlebaa, qalebi met yuradRebas amaxvileben?
idea iyo, rom es yofiliyo didi rvianis alternativa,
esaubra naTia guliaSvili
romelsac mogexsenebaT, ZiriTadad mamakacebi warmoadge-
reklama
nen. amasTanave, Cven yovelTvis vxsniT, rom Cveni jgufi ar
unda iyos gagebuli, rogorc feministuri organizacia,
cxeli Sokoladi 77
fotoproeqti
tibeti isev loculobs
avtori, foto: sergi barisaSvili
zangmudan (nepali-CineTis sazRvari) tibetis dedaqalaq lhasasken
mimaval gzaze uamravi piligrimi mxvdeba. tibetis sxvadasxva kuTxidan prostraciebiT (tibeturi locva) muxluxosaviT nel-nela gadian
asobiT da zogjer aTasobiT kilometrs, rom joxangis taZars estumron.
dedamiwis zurgze Tuki romelime adgils sulierebasTan gansakuTrebuli kavSiri aqvs, tibeti, maT Soris, albaT, erT-erTi pirvelia. `msoflio saxuravi~ _ ase eZaxian tibets simaRlis gamo (saSualod 4000m zRvis donidan). mistiuri Sambalas samefos ZiebaSi araerTi ezoTerikosi Sesdgomia tibetis zegans...
himalais CrdiloeTiT ganfenili es uzarmazari plato farTobiT
daaxloebiT dasavleT evropis zomaa (2 mln kv. km), mosaxleoba ki sul
raRac 3 milionia. miuxedavad imisa, rom tibeti indoeTs esazRvreba,
budizmi iq ufro gvian gavrcelda, vidre Soreul aRmosavleTSi da
amis mizezi himalais maRali mTebia. tibetur budizmSi oTxi ZiriTadi
mimdinareoba gamoiyofa: niingma, kagiu, sakia da gelugi. saerTod,
tibetelebisa da tibeturi kulturis gasagebad budizmis ZiriTadi
principebis: karma, reinkarnacia, oTxi keTilSobili WeSmariteba,
dharma da a.S codna aucilebelia.
nepalidan tibetSi (CineTSi) saxmeleTo gziT gadasvlisas yvelaze
metad TvalSi blokpostebisa da formianebis (policielebis da samxedroebis) simravle mxvdeba. CanTebs gulmodgined giCxreken da Tu
dalai-lamas foto an tibetis droSa gipoves, minimum ukan gamobruneba ar agcdeba. gidic formalurad gyavs momagrebuli, rom giTvalTvalos da `qveynis interesebis~ sawinaaRmdego araferi Caidino.
mokled, iseTi SegrZneba maqvs, TiTqos ukan ssrk-Si movxvdi, Tan
formebic zustad iseTi acviaT, rogorc sabWoTa mesazRvreebs. aq
yvelgan diqtatoruli reJimisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli sisufTave da
wesrigia. grZnob, rogor emSvidobebi hindusebis `qaotur Sivas~ da
esalmebi Cinelebis `disciplinirebul konfucis~.
1959 wlidan moyolebuli, mas Semdeg rac tibetis sulieri da politikuri lideri _ dalai-lama iZulebuli gaxda daetovebina samSoblo, tibetelebi TavianT miwaze meorexarisxovad adamianebad iqcnen.
centralizebuli komunisturi reJimis pirobebSi ki maTTvis locva da meditacia kvlavindeburad pasiuri winaaRmdegobis saukeTeso
formad rCeba.
78 cxeli Sokoladi
CineTis mTavrobis mcdelobis miuxedavad, daasaxlos Cinelebi tibetis platoze, msoflio saxuravi kvlav rCeba
adgilad, romlis mkacr klimatur pirobebs mxolod tibetelebi uZleben. tibeteli biWi gzis mSeneblobaze
momuSave mamasTan erTad. tibeti.
fotoproeqti
tibeteli ltolvili qali meditaciisas. boudanatis taZari, katmandu.
80 cxeli Sokoladi
fotoproeqti
e.w. masala Cai rZiT da speciebiT fxizlad yofnis saukeTeso saSualebaa. nagarkoti, nepali.
televizia, iseve rogorc yvelgan, propagandis nomer pirveli saSualebaa. SigaZe, tibeti.
cxeli Sokoladi 81
fotoproeqti
Cakcali, anu prostraciebi, romelic nirvanas principisadmi erTgulebas gamoxatavs, tibeturi budizmis ganuyofeli
nawilia. barkhoris moedani, lhasa, tibeti.
mzis energia tibetSi, sadac zRvis donidan maRali mdebareobis gamo xe ar izrdeba, Zvirad fasobs. tibetelebi saxlSi
gakeTebuli specialuri amreklebiT Cais aduReben. giance, tibeti.
82 cxeli Sokoladi
fotoproeqti
tibetis plato zRvis donidan maRali mdebareobis gamo (saSualod 4000m) mTis udabnos warmoadgens, Tavisi mcire
diunebiT, amitomac xSirad naxavT adgilobrivebs pirze akruli niRbiT. lalung-las uReltexili (5050), tibeti.
tibetelebisaTvis bavSvis gaCena sruliad gacnobierebuli qmedebaa, romelic Svid safexurs moicavs da jer kidev
Casaxvamde iwyeba. joxangis monasteri, lhasa, tibeti.
cxeli Sokoladi 83
fotoproeqti
tibetur budizmSi sazogadoebisaTvis sasargeblo saqmianoba dadebiTi karmis gamomuSavebis erT-erT saukeTeso
saSualebad iTvleba. axalgazrdebi berebs karebis SeRebvaSi exmarebian. taSilunpos monasteri, SigaZe, tibeti.
albaT, budizmi yvelaze filosofiuri religiaa msoflioSi. `budas Tvalebis~ qveS ltolvili tibeteli beri
filosofiur traqtats kiTxulobs. boudanati, katmandu, nepali.
84 cxeli Sokoladi
fotoproeqti
wiTel-yviTeli mosasxamebi tibetel berebs meditaciisas sifxizlis SenarCunebaSi exmareba. ltolvili
tibeteli berebi vipasana meditaciisas. boudanati, katmandu, nepali.
cxeli Sokoladi 85
Fnord?!
avtori: daviT CixlaZe
keri Tornlis da greg hilis msgavsad, mec aqsiomis gamogonebiT minda daviwyo, Tumca maT iumorisa da
seriozulobis dakavSirebis xelovnebaSi ver Sevedrebi, magram mainc _
miTxari ramdenad sainteresoa Seni
qveynis subkultura da getyvi, ramdenad sainteresoa Seni qveynis kultura. da piriqiT. cal-calke maT
marTlac ver gamoigoneb.
vici, rodesac hakim beis `aTaswleuli~ da frensis fukuiamas `istoriis dasasruli~ ukve dawerilia
da Cveni mezobeli qveynebis (ruseTi, TurqeTi) internetsaitebzec
maTi mopoveba aranair Zalisxmevas
aRar moiTxovs, kulturul memarcxeneobaze laparaki, wesiT, yvelas
86 cxeli Sokoladi
didi xnis win unda mobezreboda.
meore mxriv, bevri Tineijeri libertarianeli axali liberalizmis
saqarTveloSi, pink floidis da led
zepelinis saxeliT dRes, 40 wlis
Semdeg, bitnikuri da hipuri `axali~ suliskveTebisken mogviwodebs.
da aravin fiqrobs imaze, Tu ratom
daagviandaT ase adamianebs? ra aris
mizezi _ iuTubis intervencia Tu
faqti, rom saqarTveloSi wignebi
cudad ibeWdeba da iyideba.
kontrkulturac dRes bevrs Tanamedrove xelovnebaSi mimarTuleba
hgonia. arian iseTebic, visac is inteleqtualur dendizmad an Zalze
martivad da ubralod _ antikulturulobad warmoudgenia. mavanni
mis avTentur saTaveSi politikur
memarcxeneobas eZeben da hgoniaT,
rom, vTqvaT, andergraundi, lenini
an avlabris iatakqveSa stamba, pier
paolo pazolini da komunisturi
partia erTi da igive sagnebia.
me vfiqrob, rom msoflioSi, yvelaferi cota adre daiwyo, vidre gasul saukuneSi, roca Tundac hipebi
moevlinebodnen kapitalistur sazogadoebas. pirveli wigni, romelic
amerikuli subkulturis erTgvari
Teoriuli stimulatori gaxda, ori
kalifornieli ymawvilis, keri vendel Tornlis da gregori hilis erToblivi namuSevari iyo _ `principia
diskordia anu rogor daikarga dasavleTi~.
ese
wignis pirveli gamocema, eqvsi
wlis dagvianebiT, mxolod 1965 wels
gaxda SesaZlebeli niu-orleanSi da
mxolod 5 egzemplarad. yoveli Semdgomi gamocemisas tiraJis raodenoba izrdeboda da yvelaze cnobili
gaxda meoTxe, 1970 wlis gamocema,
romelsac saTauri Seecvala _ `principia diskordia anu rogor aRmovaCine qalRmerTi da ra vuyavi mas,
rodesac me is aRmovaCine. malaklips
umcrosis magnum opiati, sadac axsnilia absoluturad yvelaferi, risi
codnac ki Rirebulia absoluturad
nebismier rameze~.
me am wignis Sesaxeb pirvelad 1990
wels gavige, rodesac amerikis SeerTebuli Statebidan andergraundis
`organizebuli religia qadagebs
wesrigs, magram avrcelebs qaoss, _ werda
winasityvaobaSi keri Tornli, _ da ratom?
imitom, rom mTeli materialuri samyaro aris
qaosis, ganxeTqilebisa da brZolis berZnulromaul qalRmerT erisis mflobelobaSi~.
yvelaze farTod cirkulirebadi
Jurnalis `Factsheet 5~ nomrebi vnaxe.
saerTod zinis (Semoklebuli `megezin~) kulturas CvenTan iatakqveSa presas an samizdats uwodebdnen,
Tuki aseTi kultura saerTod arsebobda ramdenime rusuli gamonaklisis garda, romlebic politikuri
ambiciebis mqone ufro iyo, vidre
kulturuli.
swored am JurnalSi wavikiTxe pirvelad is, Tu rogor aRmoaCina orma
amerikelma pranksterma qaosis qalRmerTi erisi anu principia diskor-
dia. CemTvis marTla gamocana iyo,
religia iyo es Tu xumroba. mere amas
keri Tornlis axali wignic mohyva _
`Zenarqia~ (Zen budizmis da anarqiis
SeerTebiT miRebuli neologizmi) da
ukve TiTqmis davrwmundi, rom saqme marTlac mqonda, rogorc raRac
axal religiasTan, aseve axal urbanistul-hipsterul xumrobasTanac.
wigni aRwers e.w. diskordianul
sazogadoebas da esTetikurad amerikuli andergraundis pirvel biblias
warmoadgens. is Sedgenilia xelnaweri da sabeWdi manqanis teqstebis,
cxeli Sokoladi 87
ese
klip artis da Stampebis gamoyenebiT.
am axal naxevrad saxumaro da naxevrad seriozul religias avtorebma
daarqves p.o.e.e. (POEE) _ anu paraTeoanametamistikosebi ezoTeriuli
erisis.
keri vendel Tornli 1938 wels
daibada. aRizarda rogorc wesieri
mormoni, magram 1960-iani wlebidan
amerikuli kontrkulturis yvelaze gamorCeuli da aqtiuri figura gaxda. misi msoflmxedvelobiTi
Sexedulebebi Zalze did
diapazons moicavda, rogoricaa aTeizmi, anarqizmi,
Zen budizmi, neopaganizmi,
subgeniusis eklesia da
sxva. samxreT kaliforniis
universitetis damTavrebis Semdeg gaiwvies amerikis sazRvao flotSi 20
wlis asakSi. mas mouxda samsaxuris gavla imave radarul ganyofilebaSi, sadac
li harvi osvaldi, SemdegSi kenedis mkvlelobaSi
braldebuli, msaxurobda.
maT maSin bevri saerTo
aRmoaCndaT da Tavisufal
dros ganixilavdnen jorj
oruelis `aTas cxraas
oTxmocda oTxs~ da marqsizmis filosofias. rodesac 1959 wels iaponiidan
misi danayofi brundeboda
amerikaSi, man am dros samxedro gazeTidan gaigo,
rom misi megobari osvaldi sabWoTa kavSirs Cabarda. keri
Tornlis pirveli wignic `moclili
meomrebi~ swored mis megobar osvalds eZRvneboda, kenedis mkvlelobamde jer kidev ramdenime wliT adre,
romelmac li harvi osvaldis Sesaxeb
daweril wignebSi qronologiurad
pirveli adgili daikava. swored am
sabediswero damTxvevis gamo keri
Tornlis wlebis ganmavlobaSi dakiTxvebzec mouxda siaruli da Cvenebebis micema kenedis mkvlelobis
SeTqmulebaSi monawile eWvmitanilis
statusiT. mis am pirvel wignsac konfiskacia gaukeTes da samudamod sa88 cxeli Sokoladi
xelmwifo arqivSi gamoketes.
keri Tornli regularulad werda
svets rubrikiT `konspiraciis Teoria~ maik ganderlois zinSi `Factsheet Five~, sanam es gamocema jer arabunebrivad gluvi garekanis mqone
gaxdeboda (etyoba, hipebis moduri
memkvidreebis, 90-ianebis iapebis _
Yuppy _ Young Urban Professional Person
_ teqnokratiuli subkulturis esTetikis Sesabamisad) da mere ki arsebobas Sewyvetda 90-ianebis bolos.
keri Tornli osvaldis movlenebis
mere marTlac gatacebuli aRmoCnda
konspiraciis TeoriebiT da bolos
paranoiamdec mivida, rasac TviTonve
adasturebda. mis paranoikul xilvebSi ki xSirad Zneli gasarCevi iyo,
rodis xumrobda is, anu rodis laparakobda seriozulad.
magram es ar iyo mTavari. cnobilma amerikelma mweralma robert
anton uilsonma dawera winasityvaoba 70-ianebSi dabeWdili `principia
diskordias~ mexuTe gamocemisTvis,
sadac is ambobs, rom keri Tornlis
da greg hilis es namuSevari klasikaa
am sityvis yvelaze sakraluri gagebiT, literatus Immortalis. iqve ixsenebs,
rom samocdaaTian wlebSi am wignis
Sesaxeb ukve hong kongSi da avstraliaSic ki icodnen da radgan stamburi gamocema aRar iyideboda, qseroqsis aslebi vrceldeboda. misteria am
nawarmoebis irgvliv didi iyo, zogs
egona, rom es wigni timoTi lirim
dawera, zogi fiqrobda, rom avtori robert anton uilsoni iyo. movlenebis aseTi ganviTareba, SeiZleba
iTqvas, swored diskordianizmis gegmaSi jdeboda _
`principi~ xom RvTaebad qaoss acxadebda.
`organizebuli religia
qadagebs wesrigs, magram
avrcelebs qaoss, _ werda
winasityvaobaSi keri Tornli, _ da ratom? imitom,
rom mTeli materialuri
samyaro aris qaosis, ganxeTqilebisa da brZolis
berZnul-romaul
qalRmerT erisis mflobelobaSi~. am wignSi iumorTan
erTad marTlac bevria
skrupulozuri codna yvelanairi sakiTxis, rac ki
idumalebas, an filosofias
Seexeba. `Tqvenc SegiZliaT
gaiaqtiuroT
girCiseburi jirkvali yovel diliT
gaRviZebisas am wignis Tavidan bolomde wakiTxviT:
Zilis win Tvalebs Soris
sandalozis pastis SezelviT; dReSi xuTjer iatakze Tavis
dartymiT; taraknebisadmi zianis
miyenebisgan Tavis SekavebiT da meditaciiT (rac niSnavs ubralod jdomas da iRblis molodins). da sabolood, rodesac Tqveni girCiseburi
jirkvali aenTeba, Tqven sicocxlis
bolo wuTamde aRarasodes geqnebaT
mosveneba~.
es iyo sruli anarqiis da Tavisuflebis moZRvreba, Tundac sakuTari
absolutisturi decentralizaciis
modeliT. `me nu damekontaqtebiT
orTodoqsuli diskordianuli sazogadoebis centralur ofisSi!
ese
Tqveni werilebi da SeniSvnebi erTmaneTs gaugzavneT~, _ ase mimarTavda
keri Tornli mkiTxvelebs.
`principia diskordiam~ robert
anton uilsonze didi zegavlena
moaxdina. kerZod ki, mis da robert
Sias yvelaze gaxmaurebul erTobliv
romanze `iluminatus! trilogia~”.
SeiZleba iTqvas, rom hakim bei (igive
piter lamborn uilsoni) amerikul
kontrkulturaSi aseve diskordiis
tradiciis gagrZelebaa. mis gamocemebSi gavrcelebuli antikopiraitis
tradiciad
diskordianul
wignebze
aRniSnuli antisaavtoro
warwera unda miviCnioT
_ All Rights Reversed (yvela
ufleba ukugdebulia).
sainteresoa aseve dasavleTis Tanamedrove qaosis
magiis tradicia, saxelganTqmuli
Tanamedrove
avtori fil haini da misi
nawarmoebebi `kondensirebuli qaosi~ da `pirveladi qaosi~. ufro adre ki
fanatizmisgan dazRveuli
aseTi seriozuli okultisturi xumrobebis wigni
giorgi gurjievs hqonda
dawerili
`belzebulis
monaTxrobi sakuTari SviliSvilisadmi~, romelsac
meorenairad `yvela da
yvelaferi~ erqva.
diskordianizmi
aris
parodia religiaze, anda
okultizmi, romelic parodiis qveSaa damaluli. xumroba, romelic
seriozulia da piriqiT, seriozuloba, romelic xumrobaa. qalRmerTi erisi berZnul miTologiaSi
marTlac arsebobs, da albaT Cvens
sinamdvileSic, rogorc mas diskordias avtorebi gveubnebian. swored am
qalRmerTma isrola ganxeTqilebis
oqros vaSli pelevsis da Tetidas
qorwilSi, ramac troas omi da misi
dacema gamoiwvia. mTavari diskordianuli miTi ki aris mister greifeisis (qarTulad, ruxsaxianis) miTi,
romelic ambobs _ iq sadac totalu-
ri wesrigis damyarebas cdiloben,
sapirispiro, destruqciuli qaosi
warmoiqmneba. keri Tornli ambobs:
`adre, rodesac saxlSi davbrundebodi da vxedavdi, rogori areulobaa Cems oTaxSi, es Zalze mTrgunavda. exla ki, aseT dros ubralod
wamoviZaxeb, hei, salami, eris!~.
diskordianuli ontologia xuTsafexuriania: 1. qaosi _ pirveladi
mdgomareoba, sadac xdeba bunebrivi
TviTorganizeba. 2. ganxeTqileba _
mmarTvelobis da mmarTveli klasebis warmoqmna, rac iwvevs daZabulobas sazogadoebaSi. 3. areuloba _
mmarTveli klasebis mier pirveladi
mdgomareobis miRwevis mcdeloba garegnuli meTodebiT. 4. biurokratia
_ sazogadoeba TandaTan wynardeba,
ideebi da ritualebi adamianebze
maRla dgas. xelisuflebaSi modian
idiotebi. da 5. Sedegebi _ biurokratia iWyliteba sakuTari wonis qveS
da aRdgeba pirveladi qaosi.
keri Tornlis bevri ram hqonda
naswavli mahaiana budizmSi, kerZod
ki misi centraluri swavleba anatas
Sesaxeb, anu, rom arafers da aravis
ar gaaCnia `me~ da mxolod am WeSmaritebis faqtobrivi da ara Teoriuli
realizeba iwvevs adamianis ganTavisuflebas konfuziisgan, rasac Zen
budizmis monastrebSi mTel cxovrebasac ki uTmobdnen. diskordianizmi
aseve emyareba meore mTavar budistur WeSmaritebasac, anikas, rom yvelaferi mudmiv moZraobaSia da cvalebadia. amitomac, diskordianizmis
sentenciebs xSirad amsgavseben Zen
budizmis rinZais skolis
absurdistul ganmartebebs.
sinamdvileSi
erTaderTi,
rac arsebobs, aris qaosi,
xolo iseTi dasaxelebebi,
rogoricaa uwesrigoba da
wesrigi, mxolodRa masze
xelovnurad
mimagrebuli
iarliyebi da iluziebia.
amerikul kontrkulturaSic, romelic gasul saukuneSi arsebobda, galereebamde da universitetebamde
adre, yvelaferi aris Fnord,
es erTgvari politikurkosmiuri komiqsebis wigni
hipsterebisa da maTi memkvidreebisTvis, es ucnauri gamogonili sityva ori
amerikeli ymawvilis _ keri
vendel Tornlis, igive ravenhurstis da greg hilis,
igive malaklips umcrosis.
gardacvalebamde
cota
xniT adre keri vendel Tornlim gaixsena Tavisi axalgazrdobis megobris da Tanaavtoris,
gregori hilis sityvebi `principia
diskordiadan~: `da asea es _ Cven,
adamianebi, ar varsebobT manam, sanam
arsebobas ar daviwyebT; da mere Cven
vTamaSobT arsebuli sagnebis Cvens
samyarosTan morgebiT, valagebT da
vurevT mas. da asea es _ ararsebobas
ukan mivyavarT arsebobidan da es gamouTqmeli suliereba ubrundeba sicarieles, rogorc daRlili bavSvi
brundeba saxlSi giJuri cirkidan~.
cxeli Sokoladi 89
ese
Canawerebi
avtori: lana RoRoberiZe
gamovida zaira arseniSvilis axali wigni `Telavidan Tbilisamde~.
Cems egzemplarSi zairam saTaurs xeliT miawera qvesaTauri `mercxlis
erTi gafrena~ (romelic ver daibeWda, radgan avtors gvian mouvida
es azri). me ki am mSvenierma da Tan
axladaRmoCenilma gamoTqmam (riTac
ase mdidaria zairas nawarmoebebi)
bevri fiqric aRmiZra da sevdac
momgvara.
Telavidan Tbilisamde (iseve, rogorc baTumidan goramde, quTaisidan mestiamde, zugdididan biWvinTamde, da saerTod, saqarTvelos erTi
wertilidan meoremde) xom marTlac
`mercxlis erTi gafrenaa~. da mTeli
Cveni qveyanac esaa _ mercxlis erTi
gafrena! erTi gadaifrina mercxalma
da ukve sxva mxareSi varT, sxva peizaJSi, sxva enobriv samyaroSi, sxva
kulturis wiaRSi, sxva garemocvaSi,
zogjer mtrulSic ki!
miwa-wyali _ ase mcire da aseTi
mdidari, aseTi warmtaci, aseTi mravalferovani _ maradTovliani mTa
90 cxeli Sokoladi
ese
da mobibine vel-mindvrebi, zRva, xSirad `iseTi wynari, marTlac SeuzRudavia. TiTqos TavSi Calagebuli aqvs
rom verc ki ixseneb, aris Tu ara~, da miuvali Wiuxe- ambebi, istoriebi da TariRebi, da adamianebi, adamianebi... patara qveyana `yuresa ama qveynisasa~... da kidev bi, siyvaruliT datenilebi da moRalateebi, Tavganwiamitomac valdebulni varT _ yoveli Cvengani _ marto rulebi da gamyidvelebi, medgarni da SiSiT atanilebi,
misi sadRegrZeloebi ki ar warmovTqvaT didi gznebiT svebednierni da uiRbloni, da umweoni... avtors ki yvela
da artistizmiT (riTic ase uxvad varT dajildoebul- am personaJisadmi TanagrZnoba amoZravebs, iseTi mZafri
ni), aramed gansakuTrebuli sifaqiziT movuaroT yovel TanagrZnoba, rom is SenSic yvela sxva emocias Trgunavs,
goj miwas, yovel wyaros da mdinares, yovel mTasa da TviT siZulvilsac ki imis mimarT, vinc borotebas ganaborcvs, yovel xeobas, yovel buCqsa da xes, gansakuTre- saxierebs. magram movlenebisa da sistemis mimarT probiT aswlians, romelTac ase gametebiT da daundoblad testi, iqneb swored sistemis iaraRisa da imavdroulad,
vZirkvavT... da kidev _ erTmaneTsac gavufrTxildeT, msxverplis _ adamianisadmi TanagrZnobis gamo, mainc
yovel Cvengans, yovel gansxvavebulad moazrovnes, ra- umTavres gancdad ileqeba sulSi.
Tbilisis operis orkestri, sadac mravali wlis manRaciT sxvanairs, da Cemi azriT, es mowodeba sxvadasxvagvarad, magram mainc orives exeba, xelisuflebasac da Zilze ukravda zaira (violinoze), e.w. ormo, lado mesxiSvilis mudmivi qilikis
sazogadoebasac...
radsagani _ Caxvedi ormoSi,
ganac mTeli es CvenTvis
nu geSinia, odesme amogankuTvnili mxare mergiyvanT ormodan da a.
cxlis erTi gafrenaa!
S., ai, es ormoa zairas
da isev zaira arseniSvivisxediT Cveni saxlis rkinis
pirveli romanis `rekvielis proza. bolo wlebSi _
aivanze
da
me,
CemTvisac
mis~ sarbieli. orkestri
sami romani, moTxrobebi,
moulodnelad, es leqsi wavukiTxe
_ sxvadasxva erovnebis,
`naTeli xsovna~ _ wasul
rezos da man ise zustad gaigo Cemi rjulis, sqesis, asakis
adamianTa portretebi...
adamianTa
erToblioba,
Cemi azriT, qarTul liganwyoba, rom didi xniT gaCumda
maTi
vnebebis,
miswrafebeteraturul sinamdvileSi
da mxolod xeli momiWira xelze,
bis, aRmafrenis, gamyidveam prozas sruliad ganrogorc didma adamianma, Tumca
lobis TareSi. ar megulesakuTrebuli adgili uWiTviTon mxolod 14 wlisa iyo,
ba araTu qarTul, aramed
ravs. romanebi _ `rekviemi
msoflio literaturaSic
banis, sopranosa da Svidi
instrumentisTvis~, `va, sofelo~, moTxrobebi _ `roca aseTi mZafri ferebiT daxatuli es organizmi, romelic
mZvinvarebs SiSi da Zrwola~, `mogoneba Sorisa~ _ im Sa- feTqavs, foriaqobs, borgavs, boboqrobs, icinis, dasvbneli sabWoTa drois namdvili matianea. proza, romel- cinis... Relavs imis gamo, rom soRanluRTan represisac kaxeTis miwis surneli asdis da cotaTi _ `imdroin- rebulTa memoriali unda gaixsnas, rac Tavzars scems
deli~ Tbilisis quCebisa, mudmivi SiSis atmosfero, orkestrSi ideologiis burjs _ koncertmaister genas.
romanis gamWoli siuJeturi xazi (deteqtivisaTvis
yofasa da yoveldRiurobaSi CaZiruli da detalebiT
daxunZluli, moulodneli, zogjer ucnauri ambebi, na- damaxasiaTebeli siuJeturi simZafriT moTxrobili) 37
Tqvami idiomatikiTa da iSviaTad mdidari leqsikiT da- wels daWerili da daRupuli 20 wlis kompozitoris eJi
tvirTuli, msuye eniT, tragizmi gazavebuli cincxali, xadarovskis `rekviemis~ Zebnaa; partituras daucxroxalxuri iumoriT... mTeli Cveni xangrZlivi, axalgazr- meli energiiT da uSedegod eZebs gano, eJis maSindeli
dobidan mxardamxar gatarebuli wlebis manZilze sul da (maradiuli) Seyvarebuli, eZebs yvelgan, TbilisSi,
makvirvebda zairas raRac zRvargadasuli (rogorc me leningradsa Tu petergofSi (orkestris gastrolebis
meCveneboda) cnobismoyvareoba. cnobismoyvareoba yve- dros), da bolo-bolo nawil-nawil ipovis `axalgazrda
la wvrilmanis mimarT, vin, sad, romel quCasa da romel mTxzveli~ momakvdav samuilTan da eJis metoqe da moZusaxlSi, visTan erTad, rodis, faqtebi, faqtebi, ufro le jerikosTan. magram es, erTi SexedviT, martivi siuxSirad _ sruliad umniSvnelo... raSi gainteresebs, veu- Jeturi xazi damZimebuli da gamdidrebulia zairasaTvis
bnebodi xSirad, da zaira, misTvis Cveuli gulubryvilo damaxasiaTebeli drosa da sivrceSi usasruli gadaxtoRimiliT, mxrebs iCeCavda, mainteresebs da ra vqnao. me ki mebiT, gadaxvevebiT, CarTvebiT, 37 wlis epizodebiT,
gvian mivxvdi, rom es cxovrebiseuli wvrilmanebisadmi sizmrebiT, zmanebebiT, sxvadasxva, xSirad SemTxveviTi,
uqmi da obivateluri interesi ki ar iyo, aramed misi personaJebis monaTxrobebiT, raTa sabolood Seiqmnas
mwerluri warmosaxvis sazrdo, mas sWirdeboda sxvisi matiane _ im avbediTi drois matiane, romelic amave
gamocdilebac, sxvisi Tavgadasavalic, sxvisi cxovrebis dros Cveulebrivi adamianuri vnebebiT datvirTuli
detalebic, rom Tavisi mexsierebis SreebSi Caefina da cxovrebis anareklic aris.
romani savsea mZafri mxatvruli saxeebiT, romelTa
mere, odesme, aemetyvelebina kidec. misi mexsiereba ki
im saRamosac, rogorc
yovelTvis, gvianobamde
cxeli Sokoladi 91
ese
Soris gansakuTrebiT erTi gamoirCeva: jeriko eZebs Ta- dasamalad rogor danaya biustis nawilebi qvasanaySi
visi gepeuSniki mamis mkvlelebs (romlebic swored misma biblioTekis gamgem da ase mospo misi kvali, rac Tamamam daawioka), eZebs, rom SurisZiebis wyurviliT Se- vis gadarCenis erTaderTi Sansi iyo! (sxvaTa Soris, es
pyrobilma, mospos da gaanadguros, da mtris nacvlad ambavi realurad moxda TbilisSi, sasoflo-sameurneo
poulobs imas, vinc darCa mTeli ojaxidan: ferdobze institutis biblioTekaSi, sadac gamged muSaobda Cveni
beberi qali Camomjdara, didi gaWirvebiT swevs maRla megobris da cnobili mxatvris _ rezo Tarxan-mouravis
xels da ise amoZravebs, TiTqos asoebi gamohyavs. ager, deda, CvenTvis Zalian sayvareli, mudam mofusfuse da
etyoba daeRala, meore xelis guli Seuyena idayvs da ase momRimari, yovelTvis aseTi xalisiT rom gvegebeboda
ganagrZo `wera~ da jerikos SekiTxvaze upasuxa: `ras da- rezikas megobrebs da maSinve sufras gviSlida _ cxadia,
vwer?! Cemi Svilebis saxelebs vawer Cvens mTa-velsa, xo imdroindeli yofis Sesabamisad, Zalian mwirs _ patara
unda darCes beWedi maTi sicocxlisa?! _ mere, wvima-qari da Txeli deida Tamara, da swored es uwyinari deida
ar Slis dawerils? _ yvelas mainc vera Slis, zogjer Tamara iyo, vinc, uecrad Tavsdatexili gansacdeliT
misZrav-mosZravs xolme asoebs, moval da gavasworeb Tavzardacemuli, malulad, RamRamobiT nayavda didi
beladis gatexil biusts,
aqa-iqa. aba, gaixede, gaxede
rom ase danayuli gadaeyagor-gurebsa, mere qveviT,
ra da amgvarad es saSineli
alaznis velsa da kavkadanaSaulic daemala!).
sions, Tu sadme moinakli13 wlis viyavi, roca Cemi
so, miTxari...~ da mosisxle
gansxvavebiT,
uaxloesi adamiani, is, vismteri _ jerikoc _ iZusaqarTveloSi araferi dawerila
Tanac vcxovrobdi dedaCelebulia `ikiTxos~ velmis dapatimrebis mere da
sabWoTa drois Sesaxeb. rac, cxadia,
mindvrebze da mTagorebze
vinc udedmamod darCenimiwerili biWebis saxelebi.
Cvens sayovelTao konformizmze
li bavSvis Tavganwiruli
magram amgvari tragimiuTiTebs. me ki vfiqrob: Tu Tundac ori
siyvaruliT miyvarda, _
maRalmxatvruli romani da ramdenime
kul-paTetikuri intonamoTxroba mieZRvna im Savbnel dros,
raJden-biZa daiWires (is
ciis gverdiT romanSi sul
es
ukve
am
postulatis
gamabaTilebeli
ramdenime Tvis mere cixeSi
sxva kiloc ismis, ironiuargumentia.
gardaicvala). saxlidan gali da damcinavi: `raxilis
viqeci, aravis naxva ar minmaxvili, daundobeli TqmiT, Cveni genadi, vertikalur mdgomareobaSi Tu na- doda, mTeli dRe sadRac davxetialobdi, RamiT mtkvris
mdvili mexi da medgari iyo da mTel Cvens orkestrSi napirze amovyavi Tavi. Cabnelebuli sanapiro sruliad
ideologiis uqrob CiraRdnad enTo, horizontalur ukacrieli iyo da raRacnairad ucxoc, aq arasodes damdgomareobaSi gadasvlisTanave mas agonebda danotio- vdiodiT saseirnod. im dRes ki swored es ucxooba da
ebul asanTs, romlis gakrToma da gaqroba erTi iyo. da ukacrieloba mizidavda. is absoluturi martooba. da
raxili, romelic andazur-aforistuli ganzogadoebe- bneli Rame. raRac kunZi vipove da Camovjeqi, da Cemi
bis trfialic gaxldaT, miT umetes, Tu saqme siyvaruls unugeSoba TavisTavad striqonebad aikinZa:
exeboda, onavruli siciliT daaskvnida: `Cemi tempi da
umTvaro Rame meZaxis uxmod,
xasiaTia alegro kon brio. aba, rogor? siyvaruli fafis
Cemebr euli gulze mexveva,
Wama ki ar aris, siyvaruli Zalmomreobaa, Cveni gena ki
guls naiarevs Tavisken uxmobs,
mxolod da mxolod ideologiuri moZaladea~.
rogorc nugeSis frTxili Sexeba.
am bolo dros CvenTan damkvidrda azri: ruseTisgan
radganac davrCi masaviT marto,
gansxvavebiT, saqarTveloSi araferi dawerila sabWoTa
me raJden-biZas `Savtuxa gogo~,
drois Sesaxeb, arc maSin, sistemis mZvinvarebis dros,
patara mxrebiT rogor vzido amxela dardi,
arc axla. TiTqos is wlebi arc gadagvitaniao, rac, cxaanda umisod vicxovro rogor.
dia, Cvens sayovelTao konformizmze miuTiTebs. me ki
vici, davkarge samudamod me mosveneba,
vfiqrob: Cvens patara qveyanaSi Tu Tundac ori maRalaq saxlSic vxedav kedlebs cixisas,
mxatvruli romani da ramdenime moTxroba mieZRvna im
mxolod eg saxe, viT moCveneba,
Savbnel dros, es ukve am postulatis gamabaTilebeli
aRmobrwyindeba, rogorc Tilisma.
argumentia. aq isic aris saTqmeli, rom moTxroba `roca
bnel sudaraSi mTlad gavexvie,
mZvinvarebs SiSi da Zrwola~ 1967 wels aris dawerili,
gulSic Camdgara unaTlo Rame,
aseve `va, sofelos~ didi nawili (zairas am Canafiqris
elva elvarebs, Tavze mexia,
mixedviT gadaviRe maSin filmi `dRes Rame uTenebia~).
modi, dabrundi, miTxari rame...
moTxrobaSi ki aRwerilia, rogor Camovarda da gatyda
biblioTekaSi stalinis biusti da am sazareli ambis
am bolo dros CvenTan
damkvidrda azri:
ruseTisgan
92 cxeli Sokoladi
ese
es iyo Cemi pirveli `Txzuleba~, CemTvis imdenad intimuri, rom arc Camiweria da arc aravisTvis wamikiTxavs, Cemi maSindeli uaxloesi biWis (visTanac mudmivad da
yvelaferze vlaparakobdiT, vlaparakobdiT ki ara, vqaqanebdiT) _ rezo TabukaSvilis garda; _ im saRamosac,
rogorc yovelTvis, gvianobamde visxediT Cveni saxlis
rkinis aivanze da me, CemTvisac moulodnelad, es leqsi
wavukiTxe rezos da man ise zustad gaigo Cemi ganwyoba,
rom didi xniT gaCumda da mxolod xeli momiWira xelze,
rogorc didma adamianma, Tumca TviTon mxolod 14 wlisa
iyo, (magram Cvens wreSi ukve sayovelTaod `aRiarebuli~
poeti). mere, `didobaSi~, es striqonebi aRarc gamxsenebia
da mxolod am oriode wlis win amomitivtivda mexsierebis faruli wiaRidan, da CemSi im bavSvis mimarT TanagrZnobac gamoiwvia da ironiuli Rimilic, da aqac, cxadia,
rogorc literaturis nimuSi ki ar moviyvane, aramed rogorc dokumenti, dokumenti kataklizmebiT daRdasmuli
droisa, danaxuli martod darCenili da sasowarkveTili
bavSvis TvaliT. drois amsaxvel yovelgvar dokuments ki,
ra Tqma unda, Tavisi Rirebuleba aqvs.
Tavisuflebisaken swrafva... es, albaT, is Tvisebaa, romelic yvelaze bunebrivia adamianisaTvis da romelsac,
amave dros, yoveli pirovnebis arsebobis manZilze uamravi gansacdeli da cduneba atydeba Tavs, raTa mis gan-
viTarebas xeli SeuSalos da homo sapiensis dominantur
midrekilebad ver iqces. miT umetes, Tu es patara homo
sapiensebi teroris mZvinvarebis epoqaSi izrdebian. da sabolood mainc arafers _ arc axloblebis daWerebs da
daxvretebs, arc cenzuras, arc sazogadoebidan gariyvas,
arc yvelafer amasTan dakavSirebul da irgvliv gamefebul SiSs _ ar SeuZlia am swrafvis bolomde Cakvla! radgan adamians adamianad swored Tavisuflebisadmi swrafva
aqcevs! da aq minda movitano Tamaz Cxenkelis Cem mier
ukve araerTxel citirebuli leqsi, romelsac farulad
`Tavisufleba~ erqva, leqsi, 17 Tu 18 wlis Tamazis mier
swored teroris mZvinvarebis epoqaSi dawerili:
me var Wriloba im miwisa, romelsac hqvia
Ralati, Suri da mdumare WabukTa Jini,
magram Sen sad xar, romlis Sublze yvelaze diads
fiqrs uunaTless Sevicnobdi mtkivani CiniT.
me var Wriloba im miwisa, romelsac hqvia
orive muxlze daCoqilis Suri da boRma,
da Sen geZaxi, rom gulSi maqvs Camjdari tyvia
da tyvia igi ukanasknel brolidan momyva.
>>> gagrZeleba gv. 102
cxeli Sokoladi 93
gagrZeleba
gaRimebuli saxiT da aseTi sityvebiT
mimarTavs axladgamoqceuli liri
amerikas videointerviuSi.
1973-74 wlebSi bil eiersis axali
ideebis mixedviT kaliforniaSi axali
`skolebi~ arsdeba, `meteorologebi~
bombebis garda tipografiisTvisac
iclian da gamoscemen TavianT manifestur broSuras, `Fire: The Politics of
Revolutionary Anti-Imperialism~, romelic
Semdeg wignis maRaziebSi da kafeebSi iyideba. `meteorologebi~ aseve
aswreben miscen videointerviu maT
Sesaxeb gadaRebuli dokumenturi
filmisTvis.
<<< dasawyisi gv. 66
aCinon bavSvebi, afeTqon Senobebi da
ibrZolon rasobrivi Cagvris winaaRmdeg. Tveebis ganmavlobaSi agentebi
verafriT poulobdnen damnaSaveebs,
afeTqebebi da Tavxeduri, revoluciuri mesijebi ki ar wydeboda. gamwarebuli FBI ganwirul nabijebze wavida
da gamoZiebis msvlelobebisas yvela
elementaruli kanonis dacva daiviwya, maT erTaderT miznad jgufis
wevrebis povna ganizraxes. am siCqarem
da daudevrobam ki SemdegSi isev maT
avno. amaze cota qvemoT.
jgufis yvelaze aranormalur, warmoudgenel aqciad iqca cixeSi axladCasmuli harvardeli profesoris, 60iani wlebis narkorevoluciis gurus
_ timoTi liris xmauriani gaqceva
kaliforniuli cixidan.
bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi amerikis mTavroba seriozulad moekida
yvela juris da saxis revolucionerebis ganeitralebas _ bevri maTgani mokles, bevri ki cixeSi Casves. es
dadasturda 1971 wlis Zveli yaidis
`vikiliqsiTac~, roca dajgufeba `FBIs kvlevis samoqalaqo komisiam~ SeZlo
pensilvaniaSi yofili ofisidan saidumlo dokumentebis moparva da maTi
gavrceleba. es dokumentebi exeboda
programa `kointelpro~, romelic gulisxmobda yvela msgavsi jgufis da
pirovnebis TvalTvals da maTi ganeitralebis gegmebs.
aseT talRas Seewira profesori
94 cxeli Sokoladi
tim liric, romelic ukve absoluturad ukontrolo xdeboda mTavrobisTvis da romelsac aTasobiT
studenti usmenda mTel amerikaSi. mis
manqanaSi marixuanis mcire dozis aRmoCenis gamo, is ramdenimewliani ganaCeniT Caayudes kaliforniul cixeSi,
prezidentma ki daadastura rom liris adgili cixeSia, roca mas `amerikis yvelaze saxifaTo adamiani“ uwoda
satelevizio gamosvlisas.
magram 60-ianebi jadosnuri disidenturi karnavalis epoqaa da amerikaSi kanonTan gaCenili problemebis gamo braziliaSi gadabargebulma
ucnauri saxelis mqone organizaciam
`maradiuli siyvarulis saZmom~, romelic cnobili iyo `hipuri mafiis~
saxeliT da Tavis kumirad Tvlida
tim liris _ 20 000 dolari gadauricxa `meteorologebs~, raTa maT
uzrunveleyoT liris gaqceva.
`meteorologebma~ aafeTqes cixis
kedeli da ara mxolod cixidan gaaqcies liri, aramed daexmarnen mas, rom
is da misi coli amerikidan alJirSi
gaqceuliyvnen, sadac is elrij kliveris `Savi panterebis~ armias SeuerTda.
`me minda mivmarTo xalxs amerikaSi
_ mesame msoflio omi ukve dawyebulia. SemogvierTdiT TavisuflebisTvis brZolaSi, imitom rom Cven yvelgan varT, Cven bednierebi varT da
Cven Tavisuflebi varT da Cven gavaTavisuflebT danarCen msoflios~, _
paralelurad ki afeTqeben:
18 maisi, 1973 _ feTqdeba niu-iorkis policiis 103-e ganyofileba _
policiis mier 10 wlis Savkaniani bavSvis mkvlelobis pasuxad.
6 marti, 1974 _ jandacvisa da ganaTlebis departamentis oficebi
sanfranciskoSi _ Raribi qalebis Zaladobrivi sterilizaciis gasaprotesteblad.
31 maisi, 1974 _ kaliforniis generaluri prokuroris samsaxuri _ sxva
dajgufebis `simbiontebis gaTavisuflebis armiis~ 6 wevris, policiis
mier cocxlad dawvis gasaprotesteblad
16 ivnisi, 1975 _ `banko de porke~
niu-iorkSi _ puerto rikoeli muSebis
gaficvis solidarobis niSnad...
es dausrulebeli siaa...
dabruneba
`andergraundi ufro informaciuli kontrolis procesia, vidre fizikuri adgili. Sen mudmivad unda
akontrolo _ vis ramdeni informacia
aqvs Senze, vin ra icis. ar gaqvs saxlis telefoni, rekav satelefono
jixurebidan~, _ hyveba erT-erTi revolucioneri, naomi jefi.
yvelaze ironiuli am istoriis bolos ki is aris, rom mTeli moZraobis ramdenime wevris garda, arc erTi
ar CausvamT cixeSi, vinc Casves, isic
gagrZeleba
cota xniT. rogorc aRmoCnda, FBI-s
ise Zalian surda jgufis wevrebis daWera, rom arc erT kanons ar icavda
gamoZiebis dros, iqneboda es satelefono mosmenebi, xalxis daSineba, ukanono Cxreka Tu rame sxva.
Sedegad, yvela braldeba maT mimarT moixsna.
dResdReobiT radi da bednardini
universitetis profesorebi arian,
bil aiersi ki saganmanaTleblo sistemaSi muSaobs. Tumca isev iseT kritikosad rCeba. erT-erT interviuSi
2001 wels man ganacxada, rom Tavis
droze meti unda gaekeTebina.
sainteresoa, rom 2008 wlis amerikis prezidentis arCevnebis dros obamas oponentebma wamowies da TiTze
daixvies misi da bil aiersis gamogo-
nili an realuri megobrobis Tema da
am gziT cdilobdnen is antiamerikel,
teroristebTan damegobrebul adamianad warmoeCinaT.
`Cven ar viyaviT teroristebi, Cveni
yvelaze eqstremaluri aqciebic ki ar
iyo adamianebis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli
da mxolod kerZo sakuTrebas azaralebda, xolo rasac akeTebda amerika
vietnamSi _ ai amas hqvia terorizmi~.
momitingeebs TiTqos specialurad
SerCeuli kostiumebi acviaT da idealuri grimi ukeTiaT saxeze. magram
es dokumentalistika uceb qreba Cemi
warmodgenebidan, roca maxsendeba
`meteorologebis~ warwera: `revolucia ar aris speqtakli. aq ar arseboben mayureblebi! absoluturad yvela
monawileobs, miuxedavad imisa, icis
man Tu ara amis Sesaxeb!~.
yvela variantSi, es daujerebeli
istoriaa da romelime gamogonil urbanul miTs, an holivudur films hgavs. xandaxan mec ar mjera am istoriis,
mTeli Tavisi FBI-s dokumentebiT, romelTa moZieba Tavad FBI-s saitze SegiZliaT, mTeli am dangreuli Senobebis
fotoebiT, sadac saqmianad irjebian
eqspertebi, mTeli am `siZulvilis
dReebiT~ da Zveli kadrebiT, sadac
`Hello from the other side of the shadows~
(erT-erTi `teroristis~ mier ojaxisadmi gagzavnili werilidan).
dafiqrdi, vis andob Sens kbilebs!
laiv denti
misamarTi: q. Tbilisi,
mickeviCis
cxeli Sokoladi 95 15
tel.: 380060 871 380060 gagrZeleba
interviu monti
aleqsanderTan
<<< dasawyisi gv. 72
ai, ase daiwyo wesebisadmi Cemi upativcemulobis istoria. ramdenime
maswavleblis gamocvlis Semdeg ukve
martom gavagrZele da moxda ise, rom
notebis kiTxva ver viswavle. ho, me
dResac ver vkiTxulob notebs! ra
Tqma unda, kargi iqneboda rom meswavla, magram mas Semdeg, rac pirvelad
avedi scenaze, amis droc ki aRar
mqonda; scenidan aRar Camovsulvar, xan sad miwvevdnen dasakravad,
xan sad. me scenaze vixvewebodi. erT
mSvenier dRes marTlac SeiZleba,
davjde da notebis kiTxva viswavlo.
erT mSvenier dRes! jer ar mcalia!
mesame xarisxis ritmuli
kontaqtebi
arsebobs garkveuli kavSiri musikis ritmul aspeqtebsa da kulturas
Soris. musika, ZiriTadad, ritmebis
meSveobiT akavSirebs erTmaneTs sxvadasxva kulturis adamianebs. martivi, advilad gasagebi, magram Smagi
ritmebi adamianebs Soris damyarebuli kontaqtis garantiaa! es da ara
rTuli harmoniuli struqturebi.
ritmebi adamianebs ara marto erTmaneTTan, aramed cxovrebis naTel
mxaresTanac akavSirebs. `hei, asworebs! Senc xom kargad xar, Zmao?!“
_ kolegebis es SeZaxili xSirad mesmoda musikis dakvrisas. iamaikuri
martivi ritmebi jazmenebma Zalian
axlos miitanes gulTan da rodesac
96 cxeli Sokoladi
vukravdi, swored Cemi samSoblodan
eqsportirebuli ritmebis meSveobiT vakavSirebdi musikosebs erTmaneTTan. es arcaa gasakviri, radgan
me xom im musikis mflobeli viyavi,
rasac maTTvis vukravdi. vgulisxmob
imas, rom me da iamaikuri musika da
Cemi qveynis ritmebi erTi sxeuli viyaviT; Cemi qveynis musika bunebrivad
moedineboda Cemgan, amerikelebi ki
mzadyofniT momyvebodnen, vinaidan
maTTvis sruliad axali, ucnobi
elementi Semqonda musikaSi. sul
male me maTTvis `is iamaikeli monti~ gavxdi da Cemi integracia maT
wreSi sruliad normaluri da gasagebi procesi iyo. Tqven iciT, rom
dizi gilesfi laTinuri, kerZod ki
kuburi musikiT, kuburi ritmebiT
iyo dainteresebuli, Carli farqeri
ki kalifsoTi da orive Taviseburad axerxebda am interesebis sakuTari musikisTvis morgebas. dRes ki
msoflio ukve iamaikidan mosuli regis ritmebsaa ayolili, xolo regi
rom ar yofiliyo, amerikas albaT
arc hif-hofi eqneboda, radganac
hif-hofi e.w. iamaikuri `TousTingis~ produqtia.
gauxsneli saidumlo
arasdros micdia musikaSi `Cxirkedelaoba~. is dRemde saidumlod
rCeba CemTvis. rodesac megobar
kolegebTan erTad musikaze vsaubrobT, es ki sakmaod iSviaTad xdeba,
arasdros vcdilobT sityvebSi warmovadginoT is, rasac vukravT an ris
dakvrasac vapirebT. Cven ubralod
vgrZnobT da ase vukravT. arasdros
micdia musikis gansityveba da arasdros movuxiblivar maswavleblis
karieras, Tumca imasac getyvi, rom
rodesac axalgazrda musikosebTan
muSaoba mixdeba, sakmaod kargad
vaxerxeb imis axsnas, rasac vgrZnob.
xSirad meubnebian xolme, _ `Sen unda
aswavlo! axalgazrdebs esaWiroebaT Sennairi gamocdilebis mqone
musikosTan saubari da urTierToba,
Senc xom ase gaizarde musikosad?~
marTals meubnebian, magram amis dro
arasdros maqvs xolme. me sul vukrav.
metamorfoza
scena, sadac instrumentebia ganlagebuli da es instrumentebi Sens
molodinSi arian, gansakuTrebuli,
wminda adgilia. scenaze asvlisas
Sen Tan migaqvs Seni erTguleba am
instrumentebisadmi da Seni pativiscema im adamianebisadmi, visTan erTadac im saRamos unda daukra. amave
dros, SenSi unda iyos pativiscema
im adamianebis mimarTac, vinc Sen mosasmenad movida da Tu im dRes vTqvaT trios formatSi ukrav, msmeneli
trios kvartetad aqcevs, radganac is
im saRamos musikis nawili xdeba. koncertis win mxolod am metamorfozis
SesaZleblobaze unda fiqrobde, sxva
araferze. Tu koncertis win cols
waeCxube da instrumentTan miaxloebisas amaze fiqrob, Rirebuls verafers daukrav.
musikosis pasuxismgeblobis
Sesaxeb
musikosis erTaderTi pasuxismgebloba sazogadoebis winaSe aris is,
rom imis maqsimumi gaakeTos, ris gakeTebac mxolod mas SeuZlia, anu, kargad daukras. Senive pasuxismgeblobis
nawilia isic, rom im erTi mocemuli
saRamos ganmavlobaSi cxovrebis
wuTebi gaumdidro msmenels. Tu
maTi cxovreba mosawyenia, maSin Senma
musikam unda moaxerxos am mowyenilobidan maTi `gandevna~ da es raime
gagrZeleba
rTuli xrikebis meSveobiT ki ar
unda gaakeTo, aramed martivad da
bunebrivad. koncertebis dros Cemi
musikis wyalobiT msmeneli scildeba yoveldRiurobas. mxolod esaa
Cemi misia. ufleba mieci Sens niWs,
gaibrwyinos da is TviTon daainteresebs msmenels.
gamxnevdiT!
arasdros vcdilob warmatebuli
koncertebis gaanalizebas. arasdros vcdilob gavimeoro is, ramac
warmateba momitana ama Tu im dRes.
xSirad arc ki maxsovs, Tu ratom
da rogor moxda ise, rom msmenels
moewona Cemi dakruli. mTavaria,
rom nebismier samuSao saRamos bendis yvela wevri formaSi iyos da
aseT SemTxvevaSi msmeneli aucileblad miiRebs imas, risTvisac koncertze movida. didi gansxvavebaa
`me Tqven miyvarxarT!~ da `me Tqveni
gulebis monadireba minda!~-s Soris. es ukanaskneli qedmaRluria,
ara? Cemi midgoma aseTia _ `modi,
es saRamo erTad gavataroT!~ didma
musikosebma swored ase moinadires
Cemi guli. lui armsTrongma kargad
icoda, rasac akeTebda; is scenaze
icinoda,
msmenels
exumreboda,
mere ki saocar musikas ukravda. me
aseTi memkvidreobis nawilad mimaCnia Tavi. Cems axal alboms Uplift
(gamxneveba) hqvia, sadac me vamxneveb
ara marto Cems msmenels, aramed sakuTar Tavsac. swored amiTaa jazi
ganumeorebeli. is uzarmazari energiis gaRebas iTxovs Cvengan, magram mere, ostati rom xdebi, Seni
dakrulis silamaze da daxvewiloba
Rimils gvris adamianebs.
dayrdnobiTac isini gesaubrebian. da
es leqsikoni miganiSnebs, Tu romel
periods ganekuTvneba esa Tu is musika. meore mxriv, musika erTi romelime aTwleulis an epoqis sakuTreba
ver gaxdeba. dro icvleba, informaciis raodenoba izrdeba, Sesabamisad
icvleba musikac, magram informaciis
miRma aris is, rac yvelaze mTavaria
_ esaa Seni sakuTari `me~, Seni suli
da swored amas vgulisxmob, rodesac
vambob, rom musika saidumloebiTaa
moculi.
musikaSi dakargulebi
roca musika SenSi dinebas iwyebs,
gaeride mas! am dros yofiereba Semodis SenSi da yoveldRiurobis meqanikur kontrols gakargvinebs. aseT
momentebSi musikis xarisxi yvelaze
maRalia. am dros Seni erT muStad
Sekvra xdeba, mTeli Seni yofierebis
mobilizacia, da ase ikargebi am energetikul velSi, sadac qreba dro,
sagnebi da adamianebi. rCebiT mxolod
Sen da bgera. ucnauria, magram amave
dros, SenSi mainc rCeba msmenelTan
erTad yofnis SegrZneba. rodesac
vambob, rom musikaSi vikargebi, es niSnavs imas, rom sxvebsac vepatiJebi im
adgilas mosaxvedrad, sadac musikas
mivyavar. `modi, erTad davikargoT
musikaSi!~ _ vTavazob me maT. uamravi
didebuli musikosia, visac usmen da
xvdebi, rom dakvris dros is Tavis
TavSi, sadRac misTvis ucnob siRrmeebSi ikargeba da am dros msmenelsac ukan itovebs. magram, amave dros,
arian musikosebi, da me erT-erTi
maTgani var, visac msmenelTan erTad
urCevnia gadakargva. Tu es movaxerxe,
yvela erTad kaTarzisul gamocdilebas viZenT.
jazi danamatebis gareSe?
vici, rom arian iseTebi, vinc
jazmenebisgan jazis vokabulisadmi
erTgulebas moiTxoven da miaCniaT,
rom jazs araviTari “danamatebi” ar
esaWiroeba induri, balkanuri Tu
espanuri musikis saxiT, magram es
avtomaturad mainc xdeba. rodesac
warsulis did jazmenebs usmen, im
leqsikonsac aqcev yuradRebas, raze
auCqareblobis
aucileblobis Sesaxeb
axalma teqnologiebma erTdroulad bevri ramis keTeba aswavla
adamians. erTi mxriv, es cudi araa,
magram roca saqme musikis Seqmnas
exeba, aseTi midgoma namdvilad ver
uwyobs xels musikosis zrdas. dro
daikarga, vgulisxmob dros, ro-
melic safiqrelad gveZleoda. daikarga saqmisadmi auCqareblad midgomisaTvis aucilebeli dro! ra Tqma
unda, Sors vdgavar im azrisgan, rom
niWieri musikosebi aRar ibadebian,
piriqiT, uamravi niWieri axalgazrda
qmnis dRes musikas, magram maT, rogorc wesi, auCqareblad daRvinebis
dro ar eZlevaT. zedmetad bevri ram
xdeba maT garSemo, zedmeti informacia, zedmeti facifuci. ase iqmneba
is erTgvari kulturuli deficiti,
rac jazis dasakravadaa aucilebeli.
ra Tqma unda, niWieri adamianebi niWier adamianebad rCebian, magram drois
nakleboba xels uSliT TavianTi,
unikaluri xmis SeqmnaSi. maT aRar
eZlevaT imis dro, unikalur musikalur movlenad rom iqcnen. dRes
kompiuteri sul ramdenime wuTSi
gaZlevs im Sedegs, risTvisac Tavis
droze Tveebi unda dagexarja. Sen
jer mTeli musika unda Segesisxlxorcebina imisTvis, rom sakuTari TavisTvis yuris gdeba geswavla. musikaSi es mTavari ramaa.
enTuziasti
Cemi interesebis obieqtebi musikaSi xSirad icvlebian. magram dResac
ki miWirs im musikis xelidan gaSveba,
romelic Tavis droze siamovnebis
Rimils mgvrida. is musika axal, gansakuTrebiT Rrma grZnobebs aRviZebda CemSi. zogjer xdeba ise, rom didi
xnis ganmavlobaSi aranair musikas ar
vusmen xolme da es musikosisTvis
sruliad normaluri mdgomareobaa,
magram mere uecrad adreuli periodis romelime pianists movusmen
da iwyeba, _ `RmerTo, damaviwyda, es
rom aseTi magari iyo!~ an `uh, am monakveTisTvis adre saWiro yuradReba
ar damiTmia!~ yovelTvis ase xdeba
xolme da am dros xvdebi, Tu rogor
Rrma musikas qmnidnen warsulis didi
musikosebi. rac Seexeba axal musikas,
RmerTo, garSemo imdeni axali musikaa, rom SeuZlebelia yvelafris mosmena. Zalian dakavebuli adamiani var,
magram, diax, me dResac musikis enTuziastad vrCebi.
cxeli Sokoladi 97
gagrZeleba
realisti utopiuri
ocnebebiT
<<< dasawyisi gv. 38
erT-erTi pirveli statia, romelic eklesiis da sazogadoebis
urTierTobas exeboda, joan roulingis „hari poterze“ dawera. es
wigni jer kidev germaniaSi yofnisas
waikiTxa da Zalian moewona. roca
bakur sulakaurma am zRapris Targmani gamosca, saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mrevlis nawili
Riad daupirispirda „hari poters“
_ imarTeboda aqciebi, gamodiodnen
da saubrobdnen wignis mavneblobaze,
gmobdnen, mouwodebdnen adamianebs,
araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar eyidaT da
saxlSi ar SeetanaT es wigni. ninos
marTla ainteresebda, ra iyo amis
mizezi. sapatriarqoSi mivida da Tavis Zvel, universitetisdroindel
nacnobs Sexvda, romelic werils
werilze acxobda „hari poteris“
winaaRmdeg. „muSaobda am wignze
da amitom edo CanTaSi. ori TiTiT
amoiRo ise, rogorc zizRismomgvreli saSineleba da mere seriozuli
saxiT mixsnida, ramdeni satanisturi
98 cxeli Sokoladi
rituali aRmoaCina masSi sxvadasxva
religiuri enciklopediebis daxmarebiT. maSin cxadad davinaxe, ramdenad mZime senia fanatizmi da ramxela
gavlena SeiZleba hqondes mas mTel
sazogadoebaze“.
„24 saaTSi“ sami wlis ganmavlobaSi imuSava da ZiriTadad, eklesiisa
da saxelmwifos urTierTobaze, ganaTlebis sakiTxebze da SezRuduli
SesaZleblobebis mqone adamianebis
problemebze werda. yvelaze kargad sami masala axsovs: erTi, vakis
parkis miwisqveSa gadasasvlelze _
statiis gamoqveynebis Semdeg gadasasvlelis yoveldRiurad dasufTaveba daiwyes, meore sapatriarqosTan
asocirebuli biznesorganizaciebis
spirtis, sigaretisa da feradi liTonebis biznesze, romelmac sakmaod
xangrZlivi vnebaTaRelva da debatebi gamoiwvia da mesame _ radio „mwvane talRasTan“ erTad momzadebuli
siuJetebi diRmis bavSvTa saxlis
cxovrebaze, rasac bavSvTa saxlis
administraciis cvlileba mohyva.
amasobaSi gauCnda meore Svilic _
nika. daasrula da daicva disertacia. im periodSi Zalian savse da
saintereso cxovrebiT cxovrobda
da roca mesame bavSvze dafexmZimda,
eWvic ar Separvia, rom gogonas gaaCenda _ yvelaferi imdenad kargad
iyo, rom warmoudgenlad eCveneboda,
aqac ar gamarTleboda. magram gavida fexmZimobis cxra Tve da daibada
biWi _ akli, daunis sindromiT.
amis Semdeg ninos saqmianobis sfero Seicvala. filologiur kvlevebsa da „24 saaTSi“ muSaobas iolad
daaneba Tavi, saxalxo damcvelis
aparatSi Jurnal „solidarobis“
redaqtorobas mohkida xeli da gadawyvita, daunis sindromis mqone
bavSvebisa da maTi mSoblebisTvis
gaekeTebina raRac. nino ise moiqca,
rogorc Zalian bevri adamiani msoflioSi _ SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa uflebebis damcvelTa Soris bevria iseTi, visac
piradad Seexo es problema.
mSobiarobis
Semdeg
maleve
gagrZeleba
uTxres, rom bavSvs daunis sindromi hqonda, Tanac mamisTvis „keTili rCevis“ micemac ar daaviwydaT
_ sjobs bavSvi datovoTo. „meore
dRes eqTans Zalian gaukvirda, roca
vuTxari, bavSvi ZuZus mosawoveblad
SemomiyvaneT-meTqi da gaognebulma
mkiTxa, saxelic unda daarqvao (bavSvs saxels Tu arqmev, e.i. saxlSic
migyavs). cxadia, eqTanma ar icoda,
rom ramdenime TviT adre, rodesac
mimdinare Semowmebaze mivedi, eqims
raRac ar moewona da gvirCia, iqneb
moiciloTo, maSinve sxva eqoskopistTan wavediT gadasamowmeblad,
romelmac dagvamSvida yvelaferi
kargad ariso, meoris gadasamowmeblad axla mesamesTan gaviqeciT, man
ki raRac sul sxva, absurduli diagnozi ivarauda da manac mirCia nayofi moiSoreo. me da gigi saxlSi gvian
daRlilebi, ganerviulebulebi da
saocrad dabneulebi davbrundiT.
cota rom davisveneT, imave saRamos
Cvens uaxloes megobrebs davurekeT,
restoranSi wavediT, Cvens momaval
Svils saxeli davarqviT da misi sadRegrZeloc davlieT. ase rom, Cems
Svils saxeli ukve didi xnis darqmeuli hqonda da erTiT meti qromosoma masze uars verafriT ver maTqmevinebda“.
mSobiarobidan zustad erT kviraSi megobarma amerikidan am sindromis Sesaxeb ramdenime araCveulebrivi wigni gamougzavna. „vkiTxulobdi
da, ubralod, warmoudgenlad momeCvena, es wignebi mxolod me mqonoda
da sxva mSoblebs araferi scodnodaT maT Sesaxeb. mivxvdi, aucileblad raRac unda gamekeTebina imis
winaaRmdeg, rac samSobiaro saxlebSi xdeboda. is, rac am wignebidan
gavige, sxvebsac unda scodnodaT“.
swored amitom Targmna amerikeli
pediatris, zigfrid poiSelis wigni „daunis sindromi, naTeli momavlisaken“, romelic saqarTvelos
baptistur-evangelisturi eklesiis
episkoposis, malxaz sonRulaSvilis daxmarebiT gamosca. am wigns
dRemde bevrgan arigebs _ mSoblebSi, samSobiaroebSi, poliklinikebSi,
skolebSi... maleve ninom pirveli
arasamTavrobo organizacia, „daunis
sindromis mqone bavSvebis mSobelTa
da profesionalTa kavSiri“ daaarsa.
aRmoCnda, rom yvela mSobels, visTanac mogvianebiT hqonda urTierToba, samSobiaroSi bavSvis datovebas
sTavazobdnen. pirveli, rac gaakeTes, ori broSura gamosces. erTi
imis Sesaxeb, ra aris daunis sindromi, rogor unda gaagebino es dedas,
mSobelma rogor unda gaagebinos
sxvebs _ naTesavebsa da megobrebs, da
meore _ „samedicino meTvalyureoba
daunis sindromis mqone bavSvebSi“.
Seqmnes satreningo moduli, yvela
samSobiaros miakiTxes, moiwvies pediatrebi da bavSvTa poliklinikebis
mTavari eqimebi. Caatares seminari
da aswavles, rogor unda moiqcnen,
roca daunis sindromis mqone bavSvi
daibadeba. Sedegebi ar gauzomiaT,
magram, fiqrobs, rom situacia cota
gamosworda, dRes ukve xan samSobiarodan gzavnian maTTan mSobels,
xan poliklinikebidan, xan genetikis centridan. Tumca, miuxedavad
Zalisxmevisa, bolo dromde mainc
sTavazoben mSoblebs bavSvebi bavSvTa saxlSi Caabaron. „imis gamo, rom
daunis sindromi aqvs, bavSvs arsad
aRar toveben. metic, dasavleTSi
mSobelTa Zalian didma procentma
winaswar icis, rom daunis sindromian bavSvs aCens da mainc aCenen.
aris kidev erTi problemac _ vici
ojaxebi, sadac diagnozis saxeldeba
ar xdeba, malaven. es Zalian rTuls
xdis cxovrebas. am Temaze saubari
marTla ar aris advili da swored
amitomaa Zalian mniSvnelovani literaturis Targmna da gavrceleba.
SeiZleba raRacas intuiciiT grZnobde da sworadac moiqce, magram am
wignebSi pirdapir da martivi eniT
weria, rogor unda elaparako am Temaze sxvas, rogor gagiadvilebs es
cxovrebas Senc da garSemomyofebsac“.
meore organizaciis, „saqarTvelos portijis asociaciis“ daarseba latvieli adreuli ganviTarebis
specialistebis daxmarebiT moxda.
saxelwodeba portiji patara amerikuli qalaqidan modis, sadac gasuli saukunis 60-ian wlebSi bavSvebis
instituciebSi Cabarebis winaaRmdeg
daiwyes muSaoba. dRes iq es sakiTxi ukve karga xania mogvarebulia.
„saqarTvelos portijis asociacia
ukve 5 welia, gansakuTrebuli saWiroebebis mqone bavSvebTan muSaobs.
amJamad Cveni organizacia TbilisSi
mcxovreb dabadebidan 7 wlamde 53
bavSvsa da maT ojaxebs aerTianebs. saxlSi vizitebze dafuZnebuli
adreuli Carevis programa saqarTveloSi pirvelad Cven davnergeT.
bavSvebs, romlebTanac vmuSaobT,
zogs daunis sindromi aqvs, zogs
autizmi, zogs cerebruli dambla,
zogs fenulketonuria da sxv. programis idea isaa, rom mSoblisa da
bavSvis reabilitacia dabadebisTanave daiwyos. ojaxebSi midian specialurad momzadebuli pedagogebi, jer afaseben bavSvs, Semdeg ki
varjiSebiT da TamaSebiT sxvadasxva
unarebis ganviTarebaSi exmarebian.
adgenen bavSvis ganviTarebis gegmas,
yvela mizani furcelzea gawerili.
mniSvnelovania, rom miznebi mkafio,
gazomvadi da miRwevadi iyos. Cveni
pedagogebi muSaoben mxolod da mxolod bavSvis individualuri saWiroebebidan gamomdinare _ saxlSi, centrSi, baRebSi, SesaZloa gakveTili
Catardes quCaSi, Tu bavSvs moZraobis wesebi unda Seaswavlo; romelime
skverSi, Tu bavSvs saTamaSo moedanze rigis dacva da sxva bavSvebTan
urTierTobis wesebi unda aswavlo.
Cveni muSaobis stili moqnili da bavSvze orientirebulia“.
akli rom wamoizarda, ninom aRmoaCina, rom baRebSi inkluziuri
jgufebi ar arsebobda. 2007 wels
erT baRSi daiwyes am sakiTxze muSaoba, Semdeg meriac dainteresda.
SarSan gaeros bavSvTa fondTan da
meriasTan memorandumi gaaformes
da Tbilisis 12 baRSi daiwyes inkluziuri aRzrdis meTodebis danergva. wels kidev rva baRi daemata da
dRes ukve Tbilisis yvela raionSi,
sul 20 baRSi xorcieldeba es procxeli Sokoladi 99
gagrZeleba
eqti. aTdRiani, Zalian saintereso
treningebi Cautares sabavSvo baRebis aRmzrdelebs, sadac inkluziis
garda, uamravi axali ram Seaswavles
zogadad, skolamdeli aRzrdis Sesaxeb. „warmoudgenelia, inkluzia
ganaxorcielo iq, sadac ar aris jansaRi garemo. aRmzrdelebi treningebidan sakuTar TavSi bevrad ufro
darwmunebulebi wavidnen. marTla
ver vityvi, rom yvelgan erTnairad
warmatebulad muSaoben, magram yvela cdilobs, SesaZleblobebis maqsimumi gaakeTos“.
nino Tvlis, rom SeuZlebelia sazogadoeba Ria iyos gansxvavebuli
SesaZleblobebis mqone adamianebisadmi da, amavdroulad, dabali iyos
mimRebloba sxvadasxva eTnikuri da
religiuri umciresobebis mimarT;
SeuZlebelia, aRiarebde gamoxatvis
Tavisuflebis ideas da pativs ar
scemde seqsualuri orientaciis sajarod gamoxatvis uflebas; SeuZlebelia solidaruli iyo Tavisuflebis ideisadmi da gansxvavebulobasa
da mravalferovnebas ar aRiarebde.
amitom, misi saqmianobis „meore“ mxare _ saxalxo damcvelis ofisTan arsebul tolerantobis centrSi, Jurnal „solidarobaze“ muSaoba misTvis
iseve mniSvnelovania, rogorc, magaliTad, „portijSi“ saqmianoba.
„solidarobaze“ momuSave gundi
Jurnalis mTavar idead ganaTlebis gziT tolerantobis kulturis
amaRlebas miiCnevs. Jurnali mzaddeba da gamoicema studentebisaTvis da
maTi leqtorebisaTvis, ufrosklaselTaTvis da maTi pedagogebisaTvis, politikosebisaTvis, mediasa
da arasamTavrobo organizaciebSi
momuSave adamianebisaTvis. „Zalian
mniSvnelovania, rom UNDP am Jurnalis gamocemis saSualebas gvaZlevs.
am xnis manZilze JurnalSi imdeni
masala dagrovda, rom maTi saSualebiT sxvadasxva Temebze ramdenime
seriozuli krebulis gamocema SeiZleba _ adamianis uflebebi, politika da politikuri ideologiebi,
samarTali da sasamarTlo praqtika,
saxelmwifo da religia. JurnalSi
100 cxeli Sokoladi
dabeWdilma masalebma saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi religiuri da eTnikuri umciresobebis warmomadgenelTa
Sesaxeb, tolerantobis centrs ukve
misca biZgi ori wlis win ori SesaniSnavi enciklopedia gamoeca _ „religiebi saqarTveloSi“ da „eTnosebi
saqarTveloSi“. JurnalSi dabeWdili
masalebi im adamianebis cxovrebisa
da moRvaweobis Sesaxeb, rogorebic
iyvnen oskar romero, ianuS korCaki, grigol feraZe, maria skabcova,
episkoposi gabriel qiqoZe da sxvebi, SesaZlebelia tolerantobisa
da adamianuri Rirebulebebis karg
saxelmZRvanelod iqces axalgazrda
TaobisaTvis.“
ZiriTadad realistia, magram xandaxan utopiuri ocnebebi moeZaleba
da xumrobiT ambobs, rom sakmarisi
droisa da fulis qonis SemTxvevaSi
saqarTvelos yvela sofelSi erT patara biblioTekas daaarsebda, am biblioTekebSi iseTi adamianebi imuSavebdnen, romlebic bavSvebs kiTxvas
Seayvarebdnen, saintereso wignebs
SeurCevdnen da xandaxan Tavadac
waukiTxavdnen xolme, iSovnidnen
saintereso filmebs da Cvenebebs moawyobdnen, bavSvebs waaxalisebdnen,
rom drodadro maT gverdiT myofi
adamianebisaTvis keTili saqmeebi
ekeTebinaT da ase nel-nela „saqarTveloc gabrwyindeboda“.
axlaxan kidev erT saqmes mohkida
xeli. Tbilisis meriis dakveTiT,
fsiqologebTan da skolamdeli aRzrdis specialistebTan erTad imaze
muSaobs, rom baRebs axali kurikulumi Seuqmnan. „skolamdeli asaki
yvelaze mniSvnelovania bavSvis ganviTarebisaTvis, genetikur maxasiaTeblebTan erTad, swored am asakSi
miRebuli codna da gamocdileba
gansazRvravs imas, Tu rogor pirovnebad Camoyalibdeba momavalSi
adamiani. ucxoeTSi, imis miuxedavad,
Tu rogoria saxelmwifo, ufro socialisturi Tu ufro kapitalisturi, memarcxene ideologias ufro
„awveba“ Tu memarjvenes, skolamdel
aRzrdas yvela erTnairad seriozulad uyurebs, radgan ician, rom ama-
ze maTi qveynis momavali Taobis bedia damokidebuli. garda imisa, rom
vwerT programas, aseve vmuSaobT
baRebis marTvis gaidlainebze. sul
martivad rom agixsnaT, magaliTad,
rogori unda iyos kvebis procesi.
baRis aRmzrdelebi bavSvebs Tavze
ar unda edgnen da ar unda eubnebodnen, SeWame, Torem eqTani mova
da nemss gagikeTebso. isini bavSvebis gverdiT unda isxdnen da maTTan
erTad ikvebebodnen, ase aRmzrdeli
diqtatoris rolidan gamodis, socialuri partnioris rols iRebs da
misabaZi qcevis modeli xdeba. bavSvebs saWmeli ulufebad ki ar unda
dausxan, aramed, didi TefSiT unda
Cadgan SuaSi da patarebs gadmoRebis saSualeba miscen. amiT isini ganiviTareben motorul da socialur
Cvevebs _ iswavlian gadmoRebas, mixvdebian, rom sxvasac unda uwiladon, daelodon, sanam sxva gadmoiRebs, sTxovon megobars daxmareba
da a. S. maswavlebeli rom dajdeba
maTTan erTad, isaubrebs saWmlis
sunze, gemoze, ferze, amiT bavSvebs
Semecnebisa da metyvelebis unarebi
ganuviTardebaT. rodesac aRmzrdeli bavSvs SeekiTxeba, moswons Tu ara
sakvebi da or sxvadasxva kerZs Soris
arCevnis gakeTebis saSualebas utovebs, amiT bavSvs TviTSefaseba ezrdeba da gadawyvetilebebis damoukideblad miRebis unari uviTardeba.
saTqmelad martivia, gasakeTeblad
Zneli, Sedegis TvalsazrisiT ki _
Zalian mniSvnelovani“.
axla warmoidgineT adamiani, romelsac amdeni saqme aqvs. Sin kidev
yoveldRe oTxi TevzaZe _ gigi, andro, nika da akli da kidev, ulamazesi malamuti ulva elodeba. miuxedavad am reJimisa, vixseneb da daRlili
iSviaTad minaxavs. xalisiani adamiania da daRliloba TiTqmis ar etyoba xolme. kidev erTi gamorCeuli
Tviseba aqvs _ bednierebis aRqmis da
gancdis unari. me mainc mgonia, es
yvelaze mTavaria.
gagrZeleba
interviu mairbekTan
<<< dasawyisi gv. 44
CeCnebs sxvis, gansakuTrebiT, xelisuflebis imedad yofna arasdros
uwevdaT. saxli dagengra? ese igi,
TviTon unda aiSeno. Znelia? rasakvirvelia. magram CeCnisTvis sxva
gamosavali ar arsebobs. SarSan CeCneTSi miwisZvra moxda. erT kviraSi
iq putini Cavida, magram miwisZvris
kvali veRar ipova. adgilobrivebi
aravis dalodebian. sakuTari saxlebi TviTon SeakeTes. istoriam aseTi gakveTilebi mogvca. udedamamod
darCenili bavSvebic TiToeuli CeCnis tragedia iyo. adamianebs bavSvebis ayvanas meCeTebSi da televizoris
ekranebidan sTxovdnen. bavSvs Tu
mSoblebi ar hyavs, sakmarisi mizezi
araa, rom upatronod gaizardos. sabolood, saxelmwifos mibarebuli
bavSvebis raodenoba iq minimaluria.
yoveli bavSvi, romelzec aravin zrunavs, CeCeni sazogadoebis danakargia.
Cven isedac cotani varT, mSvidad ver
vuyurebT maT dakargvas.
erTxel Tqven TqviT, rom saqarTvelo da qarTvelebi Zalian Seicvalnen.
ras gulisxmobdiT? aq mgoni pirvelad
1990 wels iyaviT..
pirvelad 91 Tu 92 wels Camovedi.
saqarTvelo, romelic maSin vnaxe,
gaavebuli qveyana iyo. imdenad, rom
CemSic, Tbilisis arqivebSi samuSaod
Camosul adamianSi, lamis mters xedavdnen. qalaqis Zveli nawili WuWys da
nagavs mihqonda, ar iyo gaTboba, Suqi.
mokled, imedgacruebis meti aqedan
araferi wamyolia.
SarSan isev vnaxe saqarTvelo. es
iyo sul sxvanairi qveyana _ bunebrivi saqarTvelo, cocxali, energiuli
axalgazrdoba, Zlieri qalebi. me es
saqarTvelo momwons.
Crdilokavkasielebma, mere kidev
erTxel CeCnebma, amdeni tanjva gamoiareT, magram warmoudgeneli SeZeliT
da mcire xniT mainc, ruseTis imperia
daamarcxeT. saqarTvelosTan ki, Sesadareblad es 6-dRiani omia. amitom
mainteresebs, rogor axerxebT, rom
saqarTvelos mimarT ase sulgrZeli,
dainteresebuli da emociuri damokidebuleba SeinarCunoT? da kidev lideris rolsac gvTavazobT?
zesaxelmwifosTan, romelsac yvela ufrTxis, omis wageba samarcxvino araa. ra Tqma unda, istoriuli
Secdomis, dakarguli teritoriebis,
amdeni dasaxiCrebuli bedis gamo
gulistkivils versad gaveqceviT.
agvistos omis wageba mentalitetis
Taviseburebas ukavSirdeba. qarTuli
jari rusulTan pirispir sabrZolvelad mzad ar iyo. jari mxolod kargi
samxedro tanisamosi ar aris, armia
TiToeuli jariskacis TavSi da gulSi iqmneba.
Tqven erTxel mkiTxeT, Tu ratom irCevs kavkasia liderad saqarTvelos,
ratom uTmobs am rols.
lideroba pativi ar aris, upirveles yovlisa, pasuxismgeblobaa, sasiamovno masSi cotaa. saqarTvelos didi
xani hqonda daviwyebuli Tavisi istoriuli misia, magram dRes isev aqvs
Sansi, am civilizaciis centri gaxdes.
rogor fiqrobT, islamis samyaros
da sekularul dasavleTs Soris dapirispirebis fonze Cvens regions SeuZlia, erTgvar oazisad iqces?
sworedac rom SeuZlia da am TvalsazrisiT, aris kidec samagaliTo.
kavkasiaSi yovelTvis arsebobda pativiscema qristiani qarTvelebis
mimarT, da piruku _ muslimuri CrdiloeT kavkasiis mimarT. es istoriuli sinamdvilea, da rjulTSemwynareblobis es idilia saukuneebi
grZeldeboda, sanam regionSi ruseTi
ar movida.
adre amas xels saerTo adaTi uwyobda, samomavlod koleqtiuri usafrTxoeba gamodgeba regionis Sesakvrelad? saerTod, CrdiloeT kavkasiis
momavals rogor xedavT?
momavali erTiani kavkasiisaTvis
saWiroa istoriisa da dRevandeli
politikis sakiTxebis gadaWra. erTiani kavkasiis istoria unda daiweros: dasawyisisTvis _ saqarTvelosa
da CrdiloeT kavkasiis istoriis, urTierTobis mravaltomiani naSromi.
aris monografiebi, udavoa, rom maT
kavkasiis patriotebi werdnen, magram
mainc im epoqis daRi azis. xelaxla
gvWirdeba gaazreba, ra identobaa es
da saerTod, vin varT kavkasielebi.
cxeli Sokoladi 101
Canawerebi
avtori: lana RoRoberiZe
>>> dasawyisi gv. 90
SenSia mzerad _ siamaye uxednel kvicis
da mzed _ siuxve, dagrovili glaxakTa mier,
Sen jer ar Canxar da mzesaviT aRdgebi, vici,
Sen jer ar Canxar da gaRmerTeb yvelaze Zlier.
da Tu var wyluli im miwisa, romelsac hqvia,
glaxakTa Suri da WabukTa uZiro oxvra,
me Sen geZaxi, radgan vici, adre Tu gvian
yvelaze Zlier da srulyofil sicocxliT moxval.
Tamazs da me aseTi rituali gvqonda damkvidrebuli: dawerda Tu ara
leqss, maSinve CemTan mohqonda, wasakiTxavad da Sesanaxavad. leqsis kiTxvis
adgili Cveni rkinis aivani iyo, Cveni azriT, mxolod aq SeiZleboda didebisgan, anu mTeli samyarosgan mowyveta. (rezos moskovSi wasvlis mere am
aivanze mxolod Tamazi ambobda leqsebs, cota xnis mere aqve isev me da Tamazi vukiTxavdiT erTmaneTs uitmenis da Tagoris Targmanebs). esec ritualis nawils Seadgenda, rkinis iatakze patara xaliCas davagebdi, masze fexmorTxmiT davsxdebodiT da iwyeboda kiTxvis procesi, romelic yovelTvis
mRelvarebasTan iyo dakavSirebuli. magram is dRe mainc gansakuTrebuli
gamodga. gviani Semodgoma idga, aivans mobjenil cacxvs nel-nela wydeboda
yviTeli foTlebi, me foTlis vardnis marad warmtac process Tvals vadevnebdi, vcdilobdi maTi miwaze dacemis idumali xmac gamegona, TiTqos amas
raRac mistiuri mniSvneloba hqonda, da Tan gafacicebiT vusmendi Tamazis
yru xmiT da odnavi wamRerebiT naTqvam leqss, da pirveli sityvebidanve
mivxvdi, rom es ar iyo morigi, Tundac kargi leqsi, es raRac sxva iyo, Cveni
yvelaze ufro Rrmad Camaluli (da Zalianac saSiSi) miswrafebebis gamoZaxili. is, razedac amave aivanze CurCuliT vlaparakobdiT xolme, oRond
poetis eniT naTqvami. da uecrad mxolod axalgazrdisTvis damaxasiaTebeli
Tavgadakluli aRelveba dameufla. es striqonebi Tavisi poeturi ZaliTac
mnusxavda da imiTic, rom ase sastikad akrZalul sferoebSi iWreboda! biWi
_ `miwis Wriloba~, miwa _ `orive muxlze daCoqilis Suri da boRma~ (aseTi
zusti da mZafri sityvebi!), igive miwa, `WabukTa uZiro oxvra~ (da es yvela102 cxeli Sokoladi
feri sabWoTa, bednier saqarTvelos
exeboda); biWi, romelsac `gulSi
aqvs Camjdari tyvia~, ukanaskneli
brZolidan moyolili tyvia... samSoblo, orive muxlze daCoqili
da am daCoqilobaSi Tavisuflebis
momlodine; da mTeli leqsic Tavisuflebisadmi mimarTuli himni: `Sen
jer ar Canxar da mzesaviT aRdgebi,
vici~... `me Sen geZaxi, radgan vici,
adre Tu gvian, yvelaze Zlier da
srulyofil sicocxliT moxval~.
Tamazma meoredac waikiTxa leqsi da
mere SeTqmulis CurCuliT miTxra,
xom ici, amis Sesaxeb aravis araferi
ar unda uTxrao, mec, cxadia, SeTqmulis rolSi SeWrilma, uxmod davuqnie Tavi. da waviRe `Tavisufleba~
Cems sxva farul nawerebTan erTad
saguldagulod Sesanaxavad. magram
sul male aRmoCnda, rom am furcels
didxans Senaxva ar ewera. gavida ramdenime dRe, CemTan megobrebi iyvnen
Sekrebili da rogorc yovelTvis,
TavdaviwyebiT vmxiarulobdiT. Semovida Tamazi, _ maSin ase davdiodiT erTmaneTTan, gaufrTxileblad
da dakakunebis gareSe. gaxarebuli
Sevegebe, is ki uCveulod seriozuli iyo, mosalmebis magivrad CemTan
axlos moitana saxe da TiTqmis uxmod miTxra, dawvi, dawvi... me maSinve
mivxvdi, ras ekuTvnoda es `dawvi~,
Cems magidas mivvardi, rveulebSi Camaluli `Tavisufleba~ amoviRe da
sxvebisgan SeumCnevlad, sadarbazoSi
gavediT. iq bneloda. Tamazma asanTs
gahkra, me furceli meWira, Tamazma
cecxli waukida. xelnaweri iwvoda,
me meCveneboda, rom es aqti usasrulod grZeldeboda, iwvoda qaRaldi
da masTan erTad Cveni suliskveTebac iferfleboda. furceli, rogorc iqna, daiwva, da mxolod maSin
miTxra Tamazma CurCuliT: otia
daiWires (otia paWkoria, Cveni megobari da CvensaviT universitetis
studenti, daiWires da gadaasaxles
kidev ramdenime studentTan erTad).
cota xans Cumad videqiT, mere Tamazma Cailaparaka, aslic ki ar damrCao, ara uSavs, me mgoni, maxsovsmeTqi, _ vTqvi me.
Tebervali 2011 #68
fasi 5 lari
dokumenturi proza
singapuri
SoTa gagarini
meqsika
giorgi gvaxaria
werilebi seqsze
ida kradoki
istoriebi
daviT CixlaZe
maia
miqaSaviZe
literatura
nino lomaZe
Tebervali 2011
Jaklin kenedi-onasisi
daTo qardava
jailz hervi
daviT gabunia
nugzar zazanaSvili
daf stampfi
rusudan gociriZe
naTia guliaSvili
specproeqti
ojaxi rogorc arCevani
gamoiwereT `cxeli Sokoladi~
weliwadSi mxolod 49 larad
Jurnals, gamosvlis dResve, Tqvens samuSao adgilas mogawvdiT
sakontaqto informacia:
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cxeli Sokoladi 103
gagrZeleba
ramdenime aTeuli wlis mere, roca wavikiTxe lidia
Cukovskaias samizdatiT gavrcelebuli wigni ana axmatovas Sesaxeb, sadac dawvrilebiT aris moTxrobili,
rogor imaxsovrebda Cukovskaia axmatovas `rekviemis~
striqonebs da rogor wvavdnen mere sanTlis alze am
Sedevris xelTnawer furclebs es qalebi _ didi poeti
da didi adamiani _ da Tan xmamaRla raRac yofiT ambebze
laparakobdnen, radganac icodnen, rom bina ismineboda,
mivxvdi, rom teroristul reJimSi leqsis damaxsovreba da misi dawva momavali TaobebisTvis dasatoveblad
sruliad kanonzomieri da aucilebeli rituali iyo.
dRes imasac vfiqrob, rom es `Tavisufleba~ mTeli
Cveni _ bavSvobidanve daTrgunuli da mainc sabolood
vergatexili _ Taobis kredod Tu manifestad SeiZleba,
CaiTvalos.
magram, cxadia, Cveni _ jer bavSvebis, mere axalgazrdebis _ urTierToba amgvari pirquSi da ganwiruli
suliskveTebiT ar amoiwureboda. da saerTo tragikuli
garemos miuxedavad, Tavdaviwyebamde gvitacebda yvelanairi TamaSi, quCebSi uTavbolo xetiali, erTmaneTis
satrfialo istoriebis garCeva da, rac mTavaria, sakuTari `pirveli siyvarulebi~, romelic maSinve vinmes leqsSi aisaxeboda. Tamazi werda:
iyo maisi mSfoTvare agre
da boboqari, rogorc aragvi,
iyo ocneba da Sen mas gangeb
Seni pirveli trfoba daarqvi.
dRes me is marTlac ar mgonia realuri, is Cemi pirveli
siyvaruli, Tumca mas am grZnobisTvis damaxasiaTebeli
yvela Tviseba axlda, sigiJec, sasowarkveTac, uimedobac, zRvargadasuli sixarulic, leqsebiT mimowerac...
mere dadga daSorebis aucdeneli Jami. rezo ukve ori
weli moskovSi swavlobda, saerTaSoriso urTierTobaTa prestiJul institutSi, me aq, Cvens `provinciul~
TbilisSi, sxva grZnobebSi gadaveSvi da gadavwyvite es
meTqva rezosTvis, magram roca es daSoreba marTlac
Sedga, da Cven, im bneli RamiT, barnovis quCaze, ukanaskneli gulsaklavi sityvebi vTqviT da samudamo megobrobac SevficeT erTmaneTs, me sirbiliT gavvardi saxlSi
da mTeli Rame iseT gulamoskvnil qviTinSi gavatare,
radganac srulebiT, srulebiT aRar mindoda sicocxle,
rom dedam, romelic Cveulebriv arasdros ereoda Cems
pirad cxovrebaSi, misTvis Cveuli TavSekavebiT miTxra:
ki magram, Tu ase ganicdi, ratom gadawyvite daSorebao.
ra mepasuxa, ar vicodi, radganac TviTonac ar mesmoda,
ratom. ramdenime dRis mere umiznod davdiodi quCebSi,
gavedi zemelze da fexebma TviTon gamiyvanes rusTavelze, romelic Cveni megobrebiT, axloblebiT, nacnobebiT
iyo dasaxlebuli, biWebi, ZiriTadad, laRiZis wylebTan
idgnen, (ra saocaria da samwuxaro, rom dRes rusTavelze, aRar arsebobs misi esoden damamSvenebeli `laRiZe~),
104 cxeli Sokoladi
gogoebi vseirnobdiT da iyo gauTavebeli misalmebebi,
xvevna-kocna, mokiTxva, sicili... es Cveni prospeqti iyo,
Cveni saxli, Cveni samyaro, magram im dRes aravis naxva
ar mindoda... laRiZesTan, sxva biWebTan erTad, Tamazi
idga, daminaxa Tu ara, Cemken gamoemarTa, amayad aaCxriala jibeSi xurda fuli da Cven Soris ukve damkvidrebuli tradiciis mixedviT _ rogorc ki raime kapikebi
gagviCndeboda, laRiZis wyali unda dagvelia, anu `gveqeifa~ _ laRiZeSi mimipatiJa. Tamazi iqneb erTaderTi
adamiani iyo, visi naxvac gamixarda, radgan vicodi, rom
arafers mkiTxavda, (imaSi xom eWvi ar mepareboda, rom
Cveni daSorebis ambavi elvis siswrafiT moedeboda Cvens
samegobros). SevediT laRiZeSi, CavdeqiT grZel rigSi,
mere didxans varCieT, romeli wyali dagvelia, _ axlac
mikvirs, ramdeni sxvadasxva wylis daleva SegveZlo erTdroulad, _ udardeli kiloTi vTqviT im mTisa da am
barisa, bevri vicineT kidec da me mixaroda, rom SevZeli TamazisTvis Cemi gulisTqma damemala... oriode dRis
mere movida Tamazi, karebSive CemTvis aseTi nacnobi xelnaweri furceli gamomiwoda, mere waikiTxeo da wavida... es, cxadia, leqsi iyo, leqsi aseTi saTauriT: `Svlis
nukris naambobi~:
... sulSi narCenic ar iyo mwuxris
o, me vigoneb Zvels...
iyo ocneba: Sveli da nukri
hgavda Camaval mzes.
magram ocneba TovliviT galRva,
Rrubels daeyrdno kamara cis,
xeebma TiTqos iwyines raRac
da xeivanSi wvims.
mze Sens TvalebSi daeca muxliT,
veRar wamodga ze...
ocneba iyo Sveli da nukri
ocneba iyo mzec.
foTlebma kvnesiT daiwyes cvena
mogialerses patara nukrs _
da Tu ki ase ar iyo Zvelad
nuras nu ityvi, nu...
axsovs xeivans amayi Sveli
Camoivlida xeebis win,
Zvirfaso exla Tvalebi Seni
svel foTlebiviT daeSvnen Zirs...
xeebs estumra qari da buqi
da gaoceba sZlevT _
ocneba Zveli: Sveli da nukri
da Camavali mze...
gagrZeleba
Sevcbi. Turme Tamazs yvelaferi gaugia, `da Tu ki
ase ar iyo Zvelad, nuras nu ityvi, nu~... Tan malamodac damedo gulze aseTi saTuTi da wrfeli sityvebi.
mere es leqsi Tamazma Tavis wignSi Seitana, romelsac
`lanas leqsebi 1945-1947~ daarqva da romelic TviTon
gadawera _ mSvenieri kaligrafiiT, TviTon gaaforma _
Camavali mziTa da RrublebiT, akinZa da 1947 wels dabadebis dReze saCuqradac momitana aseTi wamZRvarebiT:
`lana, es leqsebi SenTvis da Sens gamoa dawerili da
rogorc saCuqari miiRe dRes~. dabadebis dReze amaze
Zvirfasi saCuqari namdvilad arasdros mimiRia! am erTi
bewo wignSi aris aseTi, CemTvis Zvirfasi da vfiqrob,
obieqturadac mSvenieri, striqonebi:
Tuki odesme amoxval im gziT
o, daijero iqneb uficod,
Cemi cxovrebis codvian wignSi
es erTi gverdi damrCa ubiwo.
da mxolod Sen erTs mudam daglocav _
rogorc TiTebi mtverian avejs
Cems suls daaCnda Seni aq mosvla.
an kidev:
CamouareT xevs,
peSvi aCuqe wyaros,
ukvdavebisa xev,
ukvdavebisa wyalo
Cems suls alersi suris
da Tu wyaros wyals aqeb _
dalie Cemi sulic,
oRond Semaxe bage...
da kidev striqonebi, dedaCemis aTwliani gadasaxlebidan dabrunebis gamo dawerili:
agrea wels da albaT, gaisad
Sens saxels kidev davarqmev leqsebs,
qudi gexura vefxis tyavisa
misive tyavi gefina mxrebze.
noembris dari... dRes ufro metad
Seicno sulma foTlebis krToma,
dabrunda: deda,
alersi, mze da biZia Toma.
warsuls maxvili gulamde Cavec
Zvirfaso, gaTbi! myudroa exla
“Knowing I lov’d my books,
he furnish’d me from mine
own library with volumes”
Prospero… - The Tempest,
William Shakespeare
gamomcemloba `em fabliSingis~ Jurnalebi
_ `liberali~, `cxeli Sokoladi~, `biznesi:
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Prospero’s Books & Caliban’s Coffee-s wignis
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muSaobs yovel dRe: 9:30 _ 20:00
bavSvTa saaTi: kvira, 12:00
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telefoni: (995 32) 92 35cxeli
92 Sokoladi 105
gagrZeleba
myudroa gza da mTebis iqiTac,
me Tu amoval, dakodil vefxad
da mxolod leqsebs gadavikiTxav.
me Tu amoval: wvimian TveSi
erTxel da isic saRamos TalxiT _
uTqmel sicocxles mogitan peSviT
da Sens muxlebze qviTiniT davRvri.
wigni aseTi striqonebiT mTavrdeba:
Sen sunTqvasaviT damkvidrdi CemSi
da Tu odesme davuZlurdebi,
me Cems sicocxles ocnebiT SevSli,
rom Sen miyvarde dausrulebliv!
aseTi natifi gancdebiT iyo savse Tamazis `saCuqari~. magram adamianTa kavSirebis amoucnobi sirTulis
dasaxasiaTeblad minda, vTqva: es leqsebi TiTqos sul
calke, Cvengan damoukideblad arsebobda, TiTqos maT
es konkretuli lamazi biWi _ Tamazi ar werda da aseve
konkretul gogos ar exeboda, Cveni realuri arseboba sul sxva sibrtyeSi iSleboda _ iq, sadac grZnobebze ar laparakoben _ da Cveni Zalian mWidro, xandaxan
yoveldRiuri da mravalsaaTiani urTierToba mxolod
leqsisa da sityvis kalapotSi miedineboda, rogorc Tamazi ambobda, `me Tu amoval dakodil vefxad da mxolod
leqsebs gadavikiTxav~. mere bavSvobac dasrulda da ramdenime wliT orive Targmnis stiqiaSi CaviZireT. Cveni
erToblivi muSaoba uot uitmeniT daiwyo. me pwkaredebs
vakeTebdi, mere zog leqss Tamazi amuSavebda, zogs me,
iyo SemTxvevebi, roca, faqtobrivad, Targmani marTla
erToblivad iqmneboda. muSaobisTvis Cveni didi, Savi
dermatinis zurgiani divani gvqonda arCeuli, _ es, raJden biZas droindeli divani gansakuTrebiT miyvarda,
is Cemi saweri magidac iyo, _ aq vakeTebdi gakveTilebs,
vkiTxulobdi, _ da salaRoboc _ aq visxediT xolme, saaTobiT, me da guli (lorTqifaniZe), Cemi uaxloesi megobari, da vlaparakobdiT, gauTaveblad, ise, rogorc
mxolod bavSvebs SeuZliaT, radganac bavSvis cxovreba
xom sul axal-axali saintereso ambebis aRmoCenaa da es
axali aucileblad, da maSinve, axlobels unda gauziaro; erTxel aq ori boTli Rvinoc davcaleT, gangeb,
imis dasamtkiceblad, rom biWebze ukeTesad SegveZlo
daleva da marTlac ar davTveriT da daleulebi, rusTavelze saseirnodac ki wavediT! _ ai, am divanze, romelic amjerad leqsikonebiT iyo mofenili, visxediT
saaTobiT Tamazi da me, is _ erT kuTxeSi, me _ meoreSi
da TavauRebliv vmuSaobdiT. mravali wlis, ufro zustad, mravali aTeuli wlis mere Tamazma maCuqa Tavisi
`mariota~, sadac uitmenis erT-erT leqss _ `mwuxris
Jams odes gavigone~ _ xeliT miawera: `Targmnes lana RoRoberiZem da Tamaz Cxenkelma _ 1949 wels~. me am mina106 cxeli Sokoladi
werma kidev erTxel damanaxa Tamazis raRacnairi (albaT
Zvelmoduri da amdenad ufro mimzidveli) sifaqize da
is konkretuli ambavic gamaxsena: leqss marTlac erTad
vTargmnidiT, sanam erT sakvanZo moments ar mivadeqiT:
Tamazs undoda poetis sixaruli megobris mosvlis gamo
aseTi sityvebiT gveTargmna _ `da amosunTqva amo gaxda,
ufrore amo, puri Cemi gulissaTqmeli~, me ar veTanxmebodi, CemTvis uitmeni mTeli arsiT novatori da urbanisti iyo da amdenad mis leqsikas quCuri Jargoni, argo
da neologizmebi axasiaTebda da ara arqaizmebi. Tamazi
ki Tvlida, rom qarTul enas Tavisi kanonzomiereba da
magia aqvs da mas arqaizmebi haeriviT sWirdeba, Tundac
amerikeli urbanistis Targmnis droso. ar vici, riT majoba maSin Tamazma, argumentebis woniT Tu mopaeqris
gznebiT, (rac, sxvaTa Soris, arc me maklda), magram faqtia, rom me far-xmali davyare _ albaT mainc mis mTavar
postulats ver SevebrZole _ qarTuli enis `magiurobis~ Sesaxeb. Tumca dResac vfiqrob, rom im kamaTSi me
viyavi marTali da es striqonebi, gansakuTrebiT `ufrore amo~ winaaRmdegobaSi modis uitmenis poetikasTan.
`midian, midian, midian megobrebi~ _ ase mReroda im
(Cven) saukuneSi rusi disidenti aleqsandre galiCi. Tamazic wavida. da dRes me minda, gavixseno misive striqonebi, romlebic Zalian magonebs TviTon avtors:
saRamo idga Cumi, gviani,
vismendi guguns uxmauros Tu yrud monawvdens,
cotaRa damrCa, tyec gaviare
da mivadeqi mcire monasters....
aq raindebi salocad Sedgnen,
begTari ecvaT maRal wvivebze...
aq modiodnen bedmorCilni da qedmaRalni,
qvanic gabzara RaRadma,
ase Wkneboda Semodgoma, dRe da zamTari
da am locvaSi SemoaRamdaT.
wavidnen Cumad, ise Cumad, rogorc movidnen,
dedis akvnidan miwis akvnamde
da vinc gadarCa fermkrTal kedlebs, laSasdroindels
xelapyrobilni Seexiznen da zed gaqvavdnen.
mere qarebma gadafurcles JamTa igavi...
ase mgonia, es erT-erTi raindi Tamazia (marTlac
raindi garegnobiTac da sulieradac), vinc xelapyrobili Seexizna laSasdroindel fermkrTal kedlebs da
zed gaqvavda, anu freskad iqca. rom momavalma Taobebma
ar daiviwyon, Tavis boZiu-isTan, `gitanjalTan~ da `balaxis foTlebTan~ erTad.
misamarTi: rkinis rigi 6
tel.: 43 89 50 / 43 89 51
restorani "ovali" gTavazobT:
maRali donis momsaxurebas da komfortul garemos
gemriel kerZebs, deserts da Rvinis farTo arCevans
restorani "ovali" idealuri adgilia
TqvenTvis da Tqveni stumrebisaTvis
sanagvidan varskvlavebisken
erTi-ori advilad amosaSrobi wveTis garda, sulxan-saba orbelianis
Semdeg, qarTuli proza nagavia da Cvens cxovrebas nagviT avsebs. am
nagvidan Txzavs avtori `SuSanikis Svilebs~ da ise uaxlovdeba namdvil
literaturas, rogorc mxolod aka morCilaZes Tu gamosdis alag-alag.
mamuka lekiaSvili