INFORMATION - Types of Energy part 1

Dote
5ummary:
Whatis energyandhowis it used?
H
b hsr
rnrrnry. Choosethe correctons\fferto thequestion.
Ercrgf is the obilityto cousemotionor creotechongein something.
Youuse
energywheneveryou move,heoro sound,turn on o light,or get wormer.
Energycomesin monydifferentforms.somefomiliortypesof energyore:
a
o
o
o
o
electricol
energy:usedto powermonydevices
thermolenergy:usedfor heoting,cooking,ond processing
metolsond other
moteriols
soundenergy:usedfor heoring,creotingimogesof softtissues
in the body,
o n dc l e o n i n g
kineticenergy:usedwheneveronythingis in motion
lightenergy:usedby plontsto mokefood
potentiolenergy:storedin objectsfor futureuse
Energycon be convertedfromone formto onother.Forexomple,electricol
e n e rg yi s ch o n g e di n tol i g h tener gyin o lomp.Thepotentiol
ener gyof o bollon o
shelfchongesto kineticenergywhenthe boll rollsoff the edge ond follstoword
the floor.
Thermolenergyis due to the movement
of porticles.Heotis thermolenergy.
Heotmovesfromwormerobjectsto coolerobjects.Somemoteriols,
collec
conductors,
tronsferheotwell. Most metolsore good conductors.
Othermoteriols,
colledinsulotors,
slowor stopthe tronsferof thermolenergy.Clothis o good
i n s u l o to r.
I
Whot typeof energycouseson objectto feelworm to your touch?
A Electricol
energy
B Potentiol
energy
C S o u n de n e rg y
D Thermolenergy
;T
Nome
Dote
Summary:
Whatis soundenergyandhowis it used?
Reodthelessonsummory.
choosethecorrectonswerto thequestion.
Soundis o formof energythot movesthrougho moteriolos vibrotions.
A
vibrotionis o bock-ondJorth
motionof on object.Themolecules
of o subsionce
movebockond forthwhen soundenergymovesthroughthem.
Soundcon trovelthrougholl stotesof motter-solid,liquid,ond gos-but it
connottrovelthroughemptyspoce.Soundtrovelsos wovesof vibrotion.As
porticlesof mottermovebockond forth,theybumpintootherporticlesond tronsfer
energy.Thisenergycousesthe nextporticlesto vibrote,ond tl.resoundenergy
moveson. As energytronsfers
overond over,o wove of vibrotionsforms.When
soundwovesreochyour eor,theytronsferenergyto your eordrum,ond it vibrotes.
Yourbroin interprets
thesevibrotionsos sound.
Thepitchof o sounddependson itsfrequency,
which is o meosureof how often
wovesof vibrotionposso point.If the vibrotionsore closetogether,
the soundhos
o highfrequencyond o high pitch.If thevibrotionsore for oport,the soundhos
low frequencyond o low pitch.Thevolumeof o sounddependson the sizeof
9
the vibrotions.Lorgerwovescouseporticlesto movefortherfrom the sourceof the
sound,ond thotproducesloudersounds.
2 Why doeso thickerstringon o violinhoveo lowerpitchthono thinnerstring?
F Thethickerstringvibrotesmoreslowlythonthe thinnerstring.
G Thethickerstringvibrotesmorequicklythonthe thinnerstring.
H Thethickerstring'svibrotionis longerthonthotof the thinnerstring.
J Thethickerstring'svibrotionis shorterthonthotof the thinnerstring.
Dote
Summary:
Whatis light energyandhowis it used?
Reodthe lessonsummory.Chooselhe correctonswerto thequestion.
Lightis o formof energythottrovelsin woves.It ollowspeopleond onimols
to see.Lightolwoystrovelsin o stroightline.It con possthroughsomemoteriols,
suchos glossond oir. Thesemoteriols
ore tronsporent.
Othermoteriols,
suchos
wood ond metol,ore opoque,which meonstheydon't letony lightpossthrough.
Tronslucent
moteriols,
suchos frostedgloss,let somelightpossthrough.
All opoqueobjectsreflectlightto somedegree.Thelightstrikesthe objectond
thenbouncesoff. Thenthe lightmovesin o stroightline in o differentdirection.
Sometimes
the lightbends.This
when lightpossesthroughdifferentmoteriols,
bendingis colledrefroction.
A hond lensrefroctslight,whichcousesobjects
viewedthroughit to look lorger.
White lightis o mixtureof monydifferentcolorsof light.When whitelight
Thelightseporotes
possesthrougho prism,it is refrocted.
intothecolorsof the
r o i n bo wT
. h i si s co l l e dd i sp e r sion.
3 Whot propertyof lightis shownin the illustrotion?
A Brightness
B Dispersion
C Reflection
D Refroction
: t
:ll
Nome
Dote
Summary:
Whatis electricityandhowis it used?
Reodfie lessonsummory/.
choosethe correctonswerro rhequestion.
Electricolenergyis cousedby the movementof electricollychorgedporticles.
Electrons
movingthroughpower linesbring electricolenergyfrom power plontsto
homes,schools,ond businesses.
Electricity
is on importonttypeof energybecouse
it.iseosyto chonge,or tronsform,electricolenergyinto otherformsof energy.It is
olso eosyto tronsferelectricolenergyfrom one ploceto onother.
Conductors
ore moteriols,
suchos copperond gold, throughwhichelectricity
con posseosily.Insulotors,
suchos glossond rubber,ore moteriols
whichstop
the movementof electricity.Electriccurrentis the movementof electricolchorges
througho moteriol.An electriccircuitis o loop throughwhichelectriccurrent
con move.Theconductorin o circuit-usuollyo metolwire-is coveredwith on
insulotorfor sofety.
. An electriccircuithos o sourceof electricolenergy(suchos o bottery),wiresto
corryelectriccurrent,ond o resistor,
which is o moteriol(suchos nickel)through
which electricityconnotflow eosily.When electriccurrentpossesthrougho
resistor,the electricolenergyis tronsformedinto light,sound,kinetic,or othertypes
of energy.Most circuitsolso hoveo switchthot con be openedto stopthe eleciric
currentor closedto ollow the currentto move.Electric
circuitscon be moppedin
c i r c u id
t i o g ro ms.
4 Whichstotement
oboutthecircuitshownin thisdiogromis true?
F Electriccurrentis flowingbecousethe circuitis complete.
G Electriccurrentis not flowingbecouseo circuitport is missing.
H Electriccurrentis not flowingbecousethe circuitis broken.
J Electriccurrentis not flowing becousethereis no resistor.
Dote
Review
fcod eodr queslion.Circlethe bestonswerto the question.
Thispictureshowsone of the monywoys in whichenergycon be usedin our doily lives.
Whot typeof energyis Michoelusingwhenthegos is turnedon underthe pot?
A
Lightenergy
B Thermolenergy
C Electricol
energy
D Soundenergy
2 Thetobleshowsthe noiselevel,meosured
in decibels,of somecommonsounds.
Listening
to soundsof 85 decibelsor higherfor morethoneighthourscon domoge
your heoring.
Sound
NoiseLevel{dB}
Lownmower
80
70
B5
Troctor
98
Vocuumcleoner
70
Woshingmochine
78
Gorbogedisposol
Hoir dryer
Accordingto thetoble,whichof thesesoundscon domogeyour heoringif you heor
themfor morethqneighthours?
F Gorbogedisposolond woshingmochine
G Vocuumcleonerond hoir dryer
H Vocuumcleonerond troctor
J Troctorond lown mower
3 Thediogromshowson electriccircuit.
Whichstotement
oboutthecircuitis true?
A Thebulbis notlit.
B Thebotteryis o resistor
C Thebotteryis chonginglightintoelectriciiy.
D Thewiresore chongingelechicity
intolight.
ll Emiliodid on experimenf
to explorelightenergy.
shemodedrowings
of her
observolions.
Oneof thedrowingsis shownhere.
Whot con Emilioconcludefromthisdrowing?
F Tronslucent
moteriols
blockneorlyoll light.
G Opoque moteriolslet somelight poss,but not oll.
H Lightrefroctsos it possesfrom one tronsporentmoteriolto onother.
J
Lightrefroctsos it posses"from
one opoquemoteriolto onother.